Action
planned
This Wednesday universities across North America will be boycotting classes, holding teachins, marching and whatever else they can do to bring attention to one of America’s major abortions. The action is all part of the one day moratorium for the Vietnam war. About 300 Waterloo students, faculty and staff met on wednesday to plan action for this campus. The meeting started with a suggestion from sociology prof Ron Lambert that a oneday boycott of classes take place to profriday
10 October
Dumages bqvond
1969
for moratorium
test continued U.S. involvement in the war. Peter Warrian, history 4, suggested students were missing the real problems by focusing on a side issue like the war. He suggested the factors which allow things like the war to happen in the first place should be looked at. Lambert, who along with psych profs Fred Kemp, and Ted Cadell started Waterloo organization of the moratorium, countered that the meeting was called to discuss the war despite the existence of these other factors. “We’re here to discuss wed-.
nesday’s .action, so lets stick to the topic we chose,” he said. When Lambert further elaborated on plans for the day, Cyril Levitt, sociology 4, cynically called out, “We don’t want to disrupt the university”. Another student suggested a guerrilla theater group be taken into downtown Kitchener-Waterloo to take the issue to the citizens of the area. “I’m tired of concentrating merely on the students here. Lets take a fresh look to the citizens, a view they haven’t got from the local media. ” His suggestion that students go into the business area on wed-
University
IO:22
of Waterloo,
at tuesday ‘s benefit pub could cost Camp Columbia $300. repair by unapprehended guzzlers, Other vandalism included
Report
condemns
by Una O’Cailaghan Chevron staff
There is mounting opposition to Harry Janke continuing as chairman of the board of directors of St. Monica’s home for unwed mothers. The United church committee on evangelism and social service condemned him and his actions tuesday in a scathing report presented to representatives at the Waterloo presbytery meeting. The Waterloo presbytery represents the United church in Waterloo county and part of Wellington county. Among other things the report stated “that Janke’s conduct at the board meeting, when his actions were being considered, indicated his incompetence as a presiding officer. ” The committee’s ‘motion that the report be forwarded to bishop Appleyard and the board of directors at St. Monica’s was passed by a majority vote with minor alterations. The reference to Janke’s incompetence sparked off a hot debate as a few members present felt it was too strong a statement. Many liberal members present felt it was an accurate description of their opinions, but the reactionaries won out and it was deleted from the report.
Waterloo,
This chair a smashed
Janke
Questions on whether the United church was qualified to make a judgment on the St. Monica issue was fielded by Rev. Bev Oaten, United church representative on St. Monica’s board. He told the meeting that the home was supported in part by funds from the United church and that since the future policy of the home was unsettled, members ought to know if the United church congregation should continue to support it. He expressed doubt as to how competent staff could be kept at the home if hiring and firing procedures were not adhered to. Oaten added that he was asked to speak to representatives of the United church by a minority of board members, which included the only qualified social worker, the only qualified medical worker, two archdeacons and two members of faculty at the University of Waterloo. He warned, “if somebody doesn’t take action and ask what’s going on, the board will become a dictatorship. John Dahms of Calvary united church, Kitchener, asked what investigations were made by members of the ESS committee to get information from the board executive. Committee member Rev. Jack Patterson answered that Dr. Morgan a senior member of the United church, had tried persistently for more than a week
Ontario
was burned thermostat.
on wecheschy nesday to talk about the war was met by Adrian Clark, grad biology, who felt this wasn’t quite good enough. “You can’t just rap about the war with people. By now people are either in favor of the war or opposed. Mere talking isn’t going. to accomplish anything. We should show them how they relate to the war,” he replied. Sociology prof David Kirk felt a showing of solidarity with unilibrarians, versity janitors, office staff and others would be a good extension of taking the issue to the citizens. Suggestions of expanding
the moratorium to highschool students, by asking for their support, buying newspaper ads and other means of publicity soon followed. A teach-in with a representative from both the U.S. embassy and a concerned socialist-governed country was also put forth as a useful means of centering on the war. The meeting then broke down into committees, concerned with the different plans of action for the day which had been suggested. A summary of the committees’ plans appears on page 23.
Books budgeted, but orders slow Money seems to be available new to his position this summer, for library acquisitions, but the has already used part of the library’s acquisitions department I* funds under his control to buy a hasn’t been as busy as the bud- 3 55,000 item collection from a New get says it should. Hampshire dealer. Acquisitions chief Enid WaterThe faculties control the exman says that library staff was penditures from their own book increased to deal with an expectbudgets. Library staff feel this ed large increase in book orders impedes orderly development of because of increased book budcollections. gets. “Professional librarians with The library’s processing caspecialized bibliographic experpacity has been boosted from ience are available on the presabout 500 orders a week last ent staff ,” said Waterman. “But year to almost 1200. But so far few departments have so far in the fall term, only a small been willing to channel their steady flow of orders are compurchases through reference libing from the faculty. rarians. Administration treasurer Bruce Another library problem is Gellatly said Wednesday the budthe lack of undergraduate readget for acquisitions is up to ing collections. Only sporadic $70,000 this year, while only efforts have been made to dup-1 $700,000 was spent on books orlicate frequently-used books. dered in 1968-69. “This is one area that acaThis represents an increase in emit vicepresident Jay Minas expenditure on acquisitions from personally favors. He would 31 percent of the operating budlike to see undergraduate readget in 1968-69 to a projected 3.5 ing rooms stocked with standpercent in 1969-70. ard works. The largest portion of the book The arts library committee budget comes from the individhas been discussing these prob ual faculties’ budgets. Last year lems, but hasn’t come to clear they spent $421,000 on books and solutions. Committee member Jim Andthis year they are budgeted to spend $489,000 on books. erson, a poli-sci prof, said of past policies, “The library has The rest of the book budget comes from direct allocations been unimaginative and resisto the librarian for reference tant to change.” He added that and general works and money he felt the new chief librarian from the academic vicepresident’s “will be good. In a year, he may development fund. volunteer as much or more than Chief librarian William Watson, we are asking. ”
for St. Monicds to get some answers from both Janke and vicechairman Stewart MacMillan to no avail. Oaten had also tried to get information but was told by Janke he would never know. Oaten felt that a conflict of policy existed between Janke and home director Barbara Evans, whom he had dismissed. He said that Evans’ policy was one of acceptance, and Janke’s that of custodian. Oaten found the criticisms Janke levelled at Evans rather trivial, such as an incorrect towel count, a lost snow shovel and the like. Oaten offered his services as mediator between the two but was turned down by Janke. The Kitchener-Waterloo medical society also urged that a mediating committee be set up but the offer was declined by Janke. University of Waterloo student David Hallman, said that he spoke to Janke about the firings and asked why he refused to give any information, but Janke declined to comment. Hallman urged that action be taken to ensure the philosophy of the home would remain unchanged. Rev. Bruce Underhill commended the press on their attendance at the meeting and stated that he hoped they would pick it up and report it fully. He added, “If we have any criticism
firings
_
of the press it is not that they don’t report fully but that the only daily newspaper in this area remained silent from September 12 to October 3 on this issue.” He was referring to the fact that the K-W record failed to publish a number of letters to the editor, forwarded by concerned community members, and refused to report on the firings until the Chevron picked up the story. Despite the minority opposition, the report remained almost intact. It expressed : l dissatisfaction with Janke’s arbitrary firing of staff; l grave misgivings if Janke’continued to hold any important office on the board ; l a loss of confidence in the policy, program and management of the house until the bylaws were rewritten. It also made the following recommendations. l That the board should rewrite their bylaws so that the three positions now held by the chairman-namely board chairman, executive chairman and chaplain should be divided among three persons. l That the powers of the executive to hire and fire be vested in the board. l That the committee of evangelism and social service keep an eye on the administration of St. Monica house in the future. ’
Open
letter
to campus
Pfof seeks
moratorium
I think the war in Vietnam stinks. And I think a fair number of people - - agree - with me. If you agree, let me invite you to participate in the moratorium to protest that war, on this campus, October 15. Activities will be aimed both at the actions of the United States government and at the inaction of the Canadian government. There are a number
those activities don’t turn you on, please come up with your own ideas, your own tactics, organize and plan them, and do them. There’s a real danger for those of us who oppose this war mainly on a verbal level. We seem to spend most of our time hassling
-Dallas
Double “S” Automotive
For The
Month
Full \
Notes (LNS) cartoon
7 DAYS loam
II
If the university will not speak to the horrors of Vietnam, who will? I’ll close with a quote, not from somebody’s little red book, but from the peace corps: In today’s world,, the innocent bystander is no longer innocent. Do it. Please. Peace, FRED KEMP psychology prof extention 2878
A WEEK
to IOpm
Line of Groceries
INCOME PROPERTIES - WATERLOO
closed.
furnished apt. rents @ $120. apt. with garage @ $150. monthly. M.L.S. 05 -Euclid Ave-2 rooms furnished rents @ $100. - 1 room bachelor rents @ $50. -Large main apartment @$175. monthly S201-to
inspect,
call Helen
Putnam
pres
Work
in Germany
COPS
next
sponsors
engineering
- 576-361
Harvard prof
faculty council
Associate
dean
Robert
Computer
1
Wool-’
In
campus
center
from
9 to
on Wednesday, it was down for longer than five minutes. Programs were run on the IBM 1710 computer in the room adjacent to the terminus. This alleviated lineups to some extent and people didn’t seem to mind their jobs being run on a semiobsolete computer using the University of Toronto’s fortran compiler.
1
and
donuts.
General
- pub
in
campus
center
g-midnight
7.30pm.
Badmrnton
Club.
ly welcome. chrIstran
lecturer
Hendrick
studies,
Topic:
telectual
perspectives Hart
suicide?” Squash
club
tape
workshop films.
institute
Eng
in
on
hybrid.
1 1,
13
10,
New in-
burldrng
IEEE
WATERLOO TAXI
of
vacuum
OF
in
MORATORIUM-skip
In
Send
address
changes
U
of promptly
W
students to:
to The
receive Chevron,
the
Chevron
University
by of
students
cntrc 5Oc
of Arts
the
series
of
untversrty
7pm.
flying
M&C
trarnrng
3007
video
II 1310,
“application
apparatus”
Free
cof-
tape rn the
to
Camp
Skr
club
workshop
on
hybrid
thick
films
noon. campus
center
at
2pm
Proceeds
Columbra organrzatronal
meeting
In
EL207
at
7:30pm
Recently, Thieu told village and hamlet officials at the resort of Vingtau that “there are communists among the nationalist ranks. They are the intellectuals. The Vietnamese people have shed so much blood and yet there remain those intellectuals, who would readily cooperate with the communists. ” Thieu went on, “I will not let these people stab you in the back. It is only just and democratic to arrest them.”
Service
8 Erb St. East entitles
extremefilm
SouthVietnam’s ‘just’ president
745-4763 fees
girls complex
Kauffman, $1,
classes.
Auctton
Heeswijk,
power
W cen-
THURSDAY
noon.
go some
ed
Admrssron
groundschool
day. Van
of Radio
4.15pm
Eng DAY
all
U of
campus
welcome;
phys
Stanley
Republrc. Thrrd
VI-
WEDNESDAY
Seminar-J.G.
the
lounge,
Guys
series:
theater.
8pm.
jock
of operators
8- 1 1 am,
Lecture
christran
necessitate
5 136,
7:30
guest
for
Christianity M&C
at
club,
from
“does
electron
readrng
ter
TUESDAY Waterloo
noon. and
assocratron,
IEEE
student
P145, meeting
Waterloo
-Joseph
326 the Chevron
meets
fee - pub
Thick
576-7880 2
the
against Gazette
strikes
SATURDAY
deo
24 Hour
annva/
new
ford reported on the establishment of a cooperative science teaching course option. The meeting concluded with the dean clarifying certain points of his report to council.
Tuesday’s science faculty council meeting was a routine procedure of -reports, approval of minutes, and so on.
Oktoberfest
CALL
their
talked about Machiavelli’s regime last Wednesday. About 50 people attended lecture.
broadcastmg
Open nc-mal hours all weeken . MONDAY, Reference OCT. 13: Circulation closed, open 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
Class Starting
in
The study will include an analysis of present trends, future needs, and recommendations for an orderly development of engineering education over the next decade.
In the first of a series of colloquiums sponsored by the political science department, Howard C. Mansfield of Harvard
Science
study
has been senior vicepresident of Spar Aerospace Ltd.
TODAY
E.M.S. Library
THE RAPID READING CENTRE
included
summer
Those interested must be in possession of a CGAEA membership six months prior to departure. There is also a Christmas flight this year. Contact anyone on faculty in the German and Russian departments to see if you are eligible.
Colloquim ’ features
VIETNAM
fee
Dave Rees-Thomas, editor of grad bag and non-voting member on council, advised against incorporating without the students’ knowledge or consent. Councii approved a motion to further investigate incorporating before actually applying.
The committee of presidents and the committee of Ontario deans of engineering are sponsoring a study of engineering education under the direction of Philip Lapp, a specialist in aeronautics. He has worked for De Havilland aircraft of Canada Ltd. and until recently
classes
A subscription
to proceed with the act and learn as we go along. ”
The Canadian-German academic exchange association will sponsor another summer program in Germany from may 31 to august 29 1970. Students are expected to either work in a previously arranged position or enroll full time in a program of studies.
‘11
Night
incorporation
Derek Whitworth, president of the graduate student union, again attempted to receive permission from his council tuesday night to apply for the incorporation of the union. He was told in a meet during the summer to get information on the ramifications of such an action. He reported yesterday that “the best way to get info is
Oktoberfest
DAVID, PUTNAM REAL ESTATE LIMITED Waterloo Square - Waterloo, Ont. - 576-5200
Thursday
wants
Open normal hours all weekend. MONDAY, OCT. j 3: Reference
J
-Erb St. W.-Upstairs Main floor, 5 room
M.L.S.
GSU
A story in Wednesday’s Gazette stated that the computer hang-up was recently solved. However, if you were standing in the terminus line-up for a quarter of an hour before it was announced that the terminus would be down for at least ten minutes, you wouldn’t have found this story credible. At least three times after noon
LIBRARY HOURS Thanksgiving
Erb St. W, Waterloo
OPEN
SNOW TIRES $15.95 and up King West at Breithaupt St. 743-5841- Kitchener “For Service Plus Call US”
somebody else for the tactics he chooses. On October 15, let’s try to avoid that. If you prefer tactic A to tactic B, then do the former and don’t use the latter as an excuse. Personally, I will refuse to take processes of part in the “normal education” on that day. For me, this will involve the attempt to involve my classes in the activities of the day. It could also involve the suspension of research work, committee work, etc. What would be involved for you is up to you, but to the faculty, let me say this. We should have led in this business, and we find ourselves trying to catch up. Let’s catch up. I think it’s vitally important that, if you oppose the war, you do it visibly. Don’t let me or anybody else tell you what to do. You decide. But do it. I’m engaging in these activities in both a negative and a positive sense. Negatively, I’m indicating my profound disgust for the war in Vietnam, it’s consequences, and the system which produced and perpetuates it. Positively, I’m indicating my ‘profound respect for those people, mainly young, who have forced us to remember and remember and remember while the killing goes on. And we must act, I think, in all of our roles-as human beings, as parents, as citizens, as educators, as scholars, as members of the academic community.
QUICK TRIP VARIETY
I I
347 Special
suppoit
presently being planned, and if those appeal to you, join in. But if
of activities
Campus quiokies
mail Waterloo,
during
off-campus Waterloo,
terms. Ontario.
Non-students:
$8
annually,
6. Treaster $3
o term.
in the New
York Times,
May 4.
I
krmhouse becomes campus day nursery The administration has allocated a large farmhouse on the north campus to the University of Waterloo women’s club, who intend to open a day nursery in september. Nursery committee chairman Jean Salter, said, “We wanted to be more than a social club, and were looking for some way to be more effective. When Hildegard Marsden, dean of women, suggested the nursery, we ran a survey and found that there was a definite need for one. “Though the financing is not yet clear, we feel that if our fund drive is a success we will be able to provide an education for the children too young to enter the school system.
This farm house on the far side of the north cumpus has been allocated by the administration to the Uniwat women’s club who plan to make it a da?, nurser+y by next September.
Pet&
propagates
Administration president Howard Petch last friday issued a what-to - do - until-the - securityofficer-arrives memorandum to faculty members and office workers who might find themselves sharing quarters with undesirables. Stating that he had been asked to issue the memo “in light of recent events on campus”, Petch provided a neat definition of office for the benefit of those who might have one and not know it.
SW admin
“With respect on on-campus offices provided for individual members of the faculty and staff for purposes associated with their work and function within the university, it is the policy of the university to recognize such office, subject to the statutory powers of the university, as being the private domain of the occupant. Subject to such statutory powers, control and access to such office and to the files and materials contained therein
l
for prrvacy
is given to the assigned occupant. ” The memo continues that if someone enters an office or remains in an office against the will of the assigned occupant, “such may be considered an outright trespass entitling such occupant to take all necessary legal action. It is recommended that in such event (if the circumstances allow) the advice or assistance of the university security department be obtained.”
One student felt that Petch’s policy did not go far enough.
to classes
“At the same time, I feel that Petch should be aware of the state of discontent which exists among the janitorial staff of the university. It becomes difficult for a member of the cleaning staff to fulfil1 his duties in an efficient manner when at any moment he is liable to intrusions on the privacy of his broom closet. “I intend to request that Pet& immediately pay attention to drafting a memo to all members of the university communities with respect to their property rights within their place of work” Clark concluded.
threat
PSA prof won’t BURNABY (CUP)-Prof Harold Hickerson has revised his intentions . to continue teaching in the department of political science, sociology and anthropology at Simon Fraser University. In a letter monday to administration vicepresident L.M. Srivastava, Hickerson said he would not teach because of the “threatening statements” made against striking PSA students. Citing a memo from administration president Kenneth Strand which said students and others who “obstruct access to academic
Food,
policy
facilities”, including classes, by picketing, would be imprisoned. Hickerson said he “will not be party to the imprisonment of faculty colleagues or students. ” Srivastava had demanded the previous week that all PSA profs announce in writing their intention to teach classes throughout the strike. Nine profs who did not do so were suspended by Strand last Friday pending their dismissal. Hickerson had told Srivastava that while he had sympathy for his colleagues he would not
cleudiness
“This meeting is illegal. The date on the agenda is wrong. Today is the 5th,” said admin rep Al Adlington at the October 6 meeting of the campus center board. “You’re illegal,” said student rep Paul Dube. “The date on the agenda is correct. ” Started off on a happy note, the campus center board set out to discuss liberation lunch and the many and varied problems of keeping the campus center clean. Representatives of liberation lunch, which has been operating unofficially in the great hall, defended their position and maintained that the services they were providing were necessary and should be available to students one way or another. “We’re offering different food than the coffeeshop, so we’re not really competing with food services,” said Rick DeGrass. “But you are competition when it comes to filling a student’s belly, ” said food-services mana-
return
support the strike, begun september 24 to force the administration to negotiate the status of 11 profs fired, demoted or placed on probation by an administration trusteeship imposed on PSA. In his letter Hickerson also called on the administration to negotiate with PSA under the auspices of the Canadian association of university teachers, who had offered to mediate in the dispute, and to end the trusteeship “as a minimal basis for negotiations. ”
concern
ger Bob Mudie. “Liberation lunch is indeed doing this and we can’t compete. ” Mudie said he could produce a wrapped submarine sandwich, but it would have to sell for 70 cents. Liberation lunch, which uses primarily volunteer labor, sells a large sandwich, fresh fruit and coffee for 50 cents. Adhngton said food services had to meet all the needs of the campus, and attempts to do so on a break-even basis, paying for labor, operating costs and depreciation. “Last year we lost $50,000, much of it on one inefficient operation : the Laurel room,” said Adlington. The board discussed at length and in trivial detail many problems, but came to no immediate solution. At one point physics prof Pim Fitzgerald suggested the problem was one of administrative and financial policies of a moneymaking oriented institution.
“One thing that we would like to stress at the beginning is that this will not be a baby-sitting ser-
Adrian Clark, grad biology, said “I have been disturbed for some time by the rate at which pencils and memo pads in particular disappear from personal offices. “I lieve ulty main
have strong reason to bethat some members of fachave entered my private doon several occasions. .
“In the absence of any official policy with regard to grad student offices, I intend to ask Petch to clarify the issue,” Clark continued.
campus
The board formed a committee, chaired by student rep Louis Silcox and including Mudie, to examine ways of providing the services now offered by liberation lunch through the food-services operations. The board gave the liberation lunch group permission to operate in the interim and gave them access to storage and other needed facilities available in the building. Board chairman Leo Johnson then reported, on a meeting that he and federation president Tom Patterson had with administration president Howard Petch. Petch was concerned about the problems of cleaning up the campus center, dealing with what Petch termed the drug scare and handling non-university people who use the campus center. “Petch had received numerous complaints about the appearance of the place and the appearance of the people in the place,” said Johnson. “We have received
center
vice, but a well-coordinated learning center. ” A preliminary brief was drawn up last year and presented to then-administration president Gerry Hagey, who was very enthusiastic, but could not act on the proposal due to his early retirement. During the spring the nursery committee discussed their proposals with the nursery school at Conestoga College and the University of Toronto, and also visited several centers in the Kitchener-Waterloo area. With the added information received from centers across Canada, a revised brief was drawn up and discussed with the administration this april. Admin treasurer Bruce Gellatly and PP and P director Bill Lobban endorsed the concept, but told the women that they were not in the position to supply the facilities outlined in the brief due to cutbacks in the governmen t’s educational expenditures. Alternatives were examined at a meeting with administration president Howard Petch in may and Gellatly then suggested the farmhquse. The alterations to meet the requirements of the government inspector will get underway in may, and the school will open in September if the necessary funds can be obtained: Carol Hudgins, a member of the nursery committee, said, “This will be a center where working mothers will be able to leave their children in confidence, for their natural inquisitiveness will be encouraged, and they will be helped to develop into loving human beings. ” The center will be available to children of staff, faculty and students, on a first-come, firstserved basis.
No paper
tuesday
There will be no Chevron on tuesday 14 October because of the printer’s (and the Chevron staff’s) short work week. Next paper friday 17 October. The next regular Chevron staff meeting is monday 20 OCtober.
board
“We could pass a motion many complaints too. One of saying the campus center board the things we have continually tried to do something about is does not condone the use of drugs any more than the rest of society,” the level of janitorial service said one board member. provided. This is a responsibility of the administration accordAdlington‘ disagreed with aning to the agreement. other person who said the matter of non-university people was out “We have been asked to make immediate recommendations on of the campus center’s hands because the administration how to put the place in firstclass had no policy to keep them out. condition and keep it there. ” president has recognized Fitzgerald summed up the . “The this by having certain buildings cleanup problem stating, “If we locked at certain hours,” he said. had faculty instead of students Adlington wants the campus using the building in the same numbers, it would still be a mess. center closed for a number of hours during the night, instead of I say we need a massive increase staying open 24 hours. in janitors.” Most board mernbers rejected He went on to say that perhaps this because there is a significant one reason why people complain usage of the building all night by so much about the state of the university people to warrant campus center is that the other keeping it open. buildings are kept too clean. The matter of making recom“I have seen janitors polish the same floors every night. ” mendations for extra equipment and personnel to solve the probAs for drugs and non-university people, the board felt these lems was referred to a committee were primarily society and uniheaded by Fitzgerald. The comversity problems. ^ mittee is to report in two weeks, friday
10 October
1969 (lo:25
327
3
.
.
;I =
-M IQ E g g =
This Video-Taped Series was I.E.E.E. International Conference shown in the Graphics Lab, Room Tues.
Oct.
Thurs.
=
Tues.
=
16 -
Oct. 21 -
Each of the will be given
Oct. 23 listed topics by an expert
i i
recorded following an in 1968, and will be 1310, Eng. II, 12 P.M.
“Hybrid Circuits” “Fired Components” “Active Devices” “Passive Components” “Designing The Hybrid ” Packages” “Manufacturing” “Equipment”
14 -
Oct.
Thurs. i i
s
I.E.E.E. PRESENTS A Video-Taped Workshop on “Thick Film Hybrid I.C. Technology
/’ +
will be about in the field.
l/2
I.C.”
hr. long
and
EVERYONE INTERESTED IN THlCK FILM HYBRIDS IS WELC0M.E TO ATTEND
Depefsondized society produces demand for small contact groups
The small group-referred to on the Uniwat campus as a contact group-is a new phenomenon to our culture. “A man cannot come to know himself without relating to others, nor can he establish meaningful relationships with others without being in touch with himg self ,” said Rosalie Howlett, arts faculty counsellor. “The demand for small groups appears to be a response to our increasingly depersonalized soE ciety. They provide a setting in which we can become more in expressing our spontaneous = real thoughts and feelings, hopefully finding an acceptance with other group members which may have been lacking in our home,
l g z =
school and community life,” she said. The counselling services’ contact groups are usually under 20 members, and are primarily committed to breaking down communication barriers in both within and between human beings. They aim to put a person in closer touch with himself and with other persons. Some of the contact groups place more emphasis on individual growth, with increasing awareness and self-direction, while others are more concerned with interpersonal communication and the functioning of the group. In fact, the two aspects are inseparable. The contact groups may have
one or more leaders, or no leader at all. But they all have people with an actual .or potential capacity to communicate and care. “To be accepted by others promotes self-acceptance, which in turn makes ossible deeper The relationships wit R others. need for maintaining a protective facade decreases, and energy formerly spent on keeping up a good front finds release in new and more creative ways of living,” said Howlett. In short, we become less anxious and more alive. For information about the contact groups on campus, call counselling services, 744-6111, local 2655.
CONSTITUTIONS NEVER TURNED ANYONE ON ANYWAY-So few people showed up fbr tuesday evening’s public. meeting on the university act draft that it was pointless to hold a discussion. This formidable group passed the time of day and scared away would-be visitors to the campus center’s rap room. Left to right (not politically): university act committee chairman Ted Batke, federation president Tom Patterson, two lowly students, commit tee secretary and operations czar Al Adlington and Record reporter Henning Tegelberg.
Embarrassing questions asked personnel new stuff orientation
11
lh\
“ProDer
‘I82 k’cy
4
328 the Chevron
KING
Downtown
Frank
fitting
WEST Kitchener
Culliford,
Mgr.
is our
business”
I1
OPEN TUES.-SAT.
Lorne Hanson of grounds said that he heard rumors of plans for a golf course to be constructed on the north campus. Knight denied the existence of any such plans and explained that possibilities for the land were a medical school, a teachers college, an architecture school or whatever “meets the needs of society” at the time. Hanson then asked how secure his job was, since he had been laid off from the department of highways recently. He was assured that a layoff was “unWhen asked about the 4 perlikely, unless we have a decent interest paid on accumulated pression next year. But even Knight respension savings, then, the trend is to keep people ponded that the money should be in school, so your services will rather ’ be required. ” regarded as savings than as an investment. The staff was urged not to This year the personnel department is conducting their staff orientation sessions on an informal basis. The Wednesday morning group began by splitting into pairs and getting to know the other person. They then introduced their partner to the group. Dick Knight of personnel enfrom the couraged questions group and answered them as best he could. Questions were asked on such topics as sick leave, medical benefits and workmen’s compensation.
at
apply for transfer to another job in the university too often, because they should remain on one job to repay the training time for that job. Astrid Zanderson from the library’s serials department asked “what happened to registration? Why did everything get so fouled up? “. She added that office girls were going back and forth crying because no one knew what they were supposed to know and they were being blamed by frustrated students for the whole mess. Knight’s reply was that he could think of a hundred things that could have gone wrong and “hopefully we’re learning from some problems”. I .-
-
Students Count Meeting
-7 in which concerning
knowlton
we point out communications
oollister
1 The
First
Council
Meeting
of the Fall Term Be Held Tuesday,
3 presidential possessitivity, conspire and line up the lush lobby
October Campus
74,
7munica
1363
in
Great
Hall
Centre
7:30
Our friend Howard Petch is getting increasingly possessive about his future career as administration president of the University of Waterloo. At a recent meeting of the university act committee, Petch spoke against the federation of students proposal that the chairman of the proposed governing council not be restricted to being from outside the university.
will
p.m’.
tions
Fed.
of St
“I think it would be impossible for the president to chair this body, since he must be accountable to it and he cannot be so if he is the chairman, ” said Howie. “I think also,” he went on, “the chairman of the council will have to . provide leadership and I am afraid if he attempted to perform this function, and if he was an internal person, there would be a great likelihood of a clash between him and the president.” Petch went on to justify his ideas with some rhetoric about how the university is supported by the public and the chairman should be a member of the public to represent some sort of accountability. That’s probably because Howard doesn’t have too many intentions ’ of serving the public interest as president permanent.
* * * Howard Petch also seems to be developing the communications technique a capitalist university president needs in speaking his case to the public. We won’t try to comment on this as there are enough legal actions in the wind as it is. We rather shall let our friend’s words speak for themselves. The following are transcripts of two statements Petch made September 26 on the local TV station (which is controlled by board of governors chairman Carl Pollock) after the “invasion” of his office September 25 during a meeting outside his office on the subject of discipline. As you perhaps have heard, we’ve had a good deal of it (disruption) this. fall. On the average, two classes per day have been disrupted by a group of approximately 20 students who have been going around trying to involve the professor in dialog, and using whatever process they can to cause a disturbance in class. I think the radicals have a place on the campus. The questions they ask have a place and should be answered. The disturbing feature of it all is when they resort to unacceptable actions to support their dissenting opinions.
Now this all seemed very spontaneous (the incident inside and outside his office) and now I have good reason to believe it wasn’t spontaneous at all. A week ago today, a group of students came around to my office while I was in Newfoundland at a science council meeting, told my secretary they would like to show the students my...the president’s office. My secretary unlocked the office and said, “Well, you’re welcome to see it, but don’t touch any of the papers. I’ The students then took over, and read all letters and things in sight. And the student group included Peter Warrian, who set off the niarch to get into my office yesterday. It appears that this letter was known about, that they read about it ahead of time, and decided this would make a great show and so during the meeting, they went down, pushed past my secretary and removed the letter, perhaps other things, I don’t know.
The local burghers must really love that man who doe&t mince his words-our friend Howard Petch. We also note the possessive stumble over his.. .the president’s office. * * * In our list of presidents pro tern in institutions of higher training that have become presidents permanent for their performance under fire, we missed the leader of current crop of confrontations-Columbia University of New York. In may 1968, the campus occupation and subsequent busts hastened admin president Grayson Kirk’s trip to the pasture, and he was replaced pro temporarily by law’n’order man Andrew Cordier. Just recently Cordier was granted a further term as president. * * * Known for the zeal with which he opposes drug use (particular!y that frightful substance pot) and his opposite views on booze, our friend Howie has a substantial base up support among the campus population of juice freaks. Remember Howie’s administration submitted briefs to the government to loosen regulations on campuspubs and lower the drinking age. Backing one political move with another. our friend has been showing up with increasing frequency at drinking affairs to such back a couple of brews. This has won him the admiration of not only the engineers, but also the grads and the faculty. He’s even been known to suck one back with an underage undergrad at a campus center pub night.
Students 21 and Over Or Married Or Independent It is
your
own
insurance
responsibility
in order
to
to receive
ensure
that
physicians’
you
have
services
at the
adequate Health
health Services
Infirmary.
You’are no longer covered by your parents’ plan or the University’s former allInclusive Plan. The
only
insurance
Medicare - For doctor’s - Available
Ontario - For
coverage
now
available
to you
is the
following.*
(OHSIP) visits, at reduced
surgical, cost
anaesthetic, if you qualify
for
diagnostic premium
benefits. assistance.
Hospitalization
accommodation
Supplementary
in
a public
hospital,
x-rays,
emergency
Health Services
Plan
- For expenses in excess of benefits payable - Everyone has single coverage automatically; be supplied separately. . ’
For Information \ regarding visit the Insurance Office
under 0 HSIP. Family coverage
insurance rates, and application in the Health Services Building. Phone Ext. 3541
friday
10 octoher
1969
services
. must
Forms,
/10:22)
,329
5
Some
get sufishction
in gradpayrolldelay
Wanna make a hundred bucks? Wanna spend a couple a grand? Gotta ---_-- lotta -_ _- weird ideas?
I
Why not apply for Chairman SUMMER (1970) WEEKEND Send to hours Silcox Federation of Students
of
0 1
n
Its Wk..
Some of the grad students whose September paycheques were delayed were able-to make temporary arrangements for loans or advances from the payroll department. A memo from business office controller Art Headlam was distributed on 19 September telling grads that their September 26 pay wouldn’t be available until oc tober 10. The problem was summed up as a complete lack of communications.
At least one student., however, remained dissatisfied. Adrian Clark, grad biologv. had mentioned the problem uGf the delayed pay to admin president Howard Petch during the open meeting on the discipline question September 25. Petch agreed at that time to give Clark a personal loan to meet his immediate financial problems. When Clark pursued the matter later, Petch had referred him to the business office for “satisfaction. ”
SW senate
backs
not striking
PSA
BURNABY (CUP)-The academic senate at Simon Fraser University monday voted to condemn the strike of the department of political science sociology and anthropology as “highly irresponsible and unethical towards the students enrolled in their courses. ” The senate urged the administration to remove the trusteeship of the department -by appointing a non-striking PSA member as department head, and endorsed administration president Kenneth Strand’s call for the examination of the PSA department by an external committee. Faculty and student-elected PSA department head Mordecai Briemberg, one of nine PSA professors who were suspended pending dismissal last friday by the administration, said tuesday the senate was trying to “give power to a minority in the department which is opposed to student pa?ity,” the administration’s
pres,
dept
main charge against the department. He also charged the committee the senate referred to was the joint association of colleges and universities of Canada and Canadian association of university teachers team, which was endorsed by Strand and which “would have supported the administration ‘s allegations. ’ ’ Both bodies are on record as opposed to student parity in departmental decision-making. Briemberg also added that the October 6 senate meeting was “manifestly unfair” since no members of PSA were allowed to present their side of the case. Student senator Donn Korbin tried to speak for PSA but was ruled out of order as senators voted almost unanimously to condemn PSA. The students in the history and English departments of SFU have already joined the PSA strike and more students are expected to join as the strike develops.
Loyola senators walk out, h&e no support for adtnin MONTREAL members of at Loyola students and ed out of a stating they confidence administration.
(C U P)-T e n the academic senate University-three seven faculty-walkmeeting Wednesday no longer have any in the university’s
A student strike at the Montreal University may become a possibility, unless the university accepts binding arbitration by the Canadian association of university teachers in the case of a physics professor Loyola refused to rehire for the 1969-70 academic year. Students Richard Stock, Dennis Mooney and Allen Handel told the senate meeting Wednesday that “as representatives of the student body to the senate, we have no confidence in father Patrick Malone as president of the college or chairman of the senate. ”
WE CAN’T TELL YOU HOW TO BE ONE, BUT WE CAN SHOW YOU WHICH ONES Casual winnersall. The sweaters, the sport shirts, th$knit shirts, the slacks. And the great blazers that bring them all together. Outercoats of equal worth, of course. Be a good sport to yourself. Student Charge Accounts
6
330 the Chevron
TO WEAR
213
KING
STREET W
Open daily till 6 pm -Thursday
& Friday till 9
,_ The students said Malone’s “refusal to cooperate in any way” with students, faculty and the CAUT in a demand for arbitration over the case of Srinivasa Santhanam, who was fired last year by the Loyola board of trustees, “had led to a breakdown in communication between students and the administration. ” In a telegram to the CAUT, the administration refused categorically to accept CAUT arbitration in the case. They charged
-
the faculty pressure group was not following its own guidelines, attacking the CAUT for its “pretentious language and inept threats. ” The three students said they will ask for support from the student body, and said they would not return “until the authority of the senate in matters academic and indirectly academic had been re-established. ” The seven faculty, led by Donald Savage, president of the Loyola faculty association, resigned completely from the senate, and said they would stand for re-election among the faculty while stating their opposition to Malone’s an ti-CAUT position. None of the ten former-senators support the possibility of a student strike, which has been raised by student council president Marcel Nouvet. CAUT, for its part, has said it supports the walkout by the senators. Santhanam signed a statement in december 1967 stating his intention to resign in 1969, but was later given a contract for the 1969-70 year which stated it “supersedes all other verbal agreements.” But the board of trustees fired him anyway, and has refused to pay him salary for this year. The Loyola academic senate tuesday passed resolutions both backing CAUT and opposing arbitration.
.
ood year by Jim Heck San Francisco bureau College Press Service
BERKELEY, Calif. (CUP-CPS) -Contrary to the prophecies of Richard Nixon, widespread demonstrations broke out at U.S. College campuses this September as the States braced for what could be a very tumultuous year. In Ann Arbor Michigan, more than 1,500 students turned back police who came to evict 200 occupiers of the literature, science and art building at the University of Michigan. But after 14 hours of demands that students and faculty be given charge of a proposed university bookstore, more than 400 police reinforcements from the state highway patrol broke through the crowd. More than 25 demonstrators were injured-one girl, seriously -and 123 students were arrested. At Madison Wisconsin, more than 2000 protestors led by radical catholic priest James Groppi took over the state legislature September 29, demanding higher welfare payments for the unemployed. The crowd burst through locked assembly doors and crowded the assembly chanbers. Governor Warren Knowles activated 1000 national guardsmen and after conferences with the state attorney general, Groppi pulled his forces out. And in Los Angeles, the UCLA campus was tense for a while as the regents of the eight-campus TJniversity of California fired black philosophy professor Angela Davis, after she admitted being a member of the American comlmunist party. Miss Davis quieted militant students, however, announcing she would take the matter to the courts. But the demonstrations lack any substance: at Ann Arbor, students have been demanding a university-subsidized book\store for many years to counter the high prices from commerical establishments. Groppi had begun a march with 40 people from Milwaukee, 90 miles away to emphasize their demands. As they gathered in the library mall on the University of Wisconsin campus, students wandered out and soon the crowd was 2000-strong. The march gained momentum and Groppi screamed, “SO, let’s take it! “. And they did. But there was question as to whether the students knew what they were taking, and why they were taking it. Only the UCLA campus has a viable issue: whether political beliefs should prohibit profes-
#or button-sellers sors from teaching. Davis contends her firing is based on racial prejudice, but this seems simply an histronic gesture to infuriate conservative regents. The regents fired Davis after the longest secret executive session held since they decided to fire Clark Kerr, the mastermind of mass education, back in 1966. Governor Ronald Reagan openly called for her dismissal in several recent public speeches after she announced to the press she was a member of the CP. Reagan is a member of the board of regents; the other members are elected or appointed by the governor. The action confused many political observers for two reasons: first, the same thing happened last year when Reagan, who also sits as a trustee on the board of California’s State Colthe firing of lege, engineered black panther George Murray. Murray in an amazingly parallel situation, avowed his political .beliefs and was fired. The black students union began demonstrations, tearing up the stu*dent newspaper offices and roughing up several professors. The faculty eventually called for a strike and before the year ended classes had been closed down for six weeks, 236 people wer seriously injured and more than 300 arrests were made. Few doubted that this would occur at UCLA if Davis’ firing was upheld. Secondly, at their last previous meeting, the regents passed a resolution, sponsored by Reagan, declaring faculty political beliefs would have nothing to do with their tenure potential. Reagan now poo-poohs this, claiming American CP members are subversive. They are “communists with a big “C he explains; communists with a little “ C >, are simply philosophical. But big “C” communists “obviously have allegiance to another country and therefore are dangerous and not qualified to teach on our campuses. ” Davis is really confusing the isue by insisting her firing was on racial grounds. Such an assumption is absurd, and frightening. There is little doubt the courts will enjoin the university from firing her, ruling the bylaw the regents acted under is unconsitutional. The bylaw, passed in 1940 and strenghthened in 1950, is a result of the McCarthy redbaiting era and has been invoked only twice before. But the Davis scene is a good indication of the growing conservatism and fear of communist takeover across the country. The new president of Columbia
University went before a McClellan subversives subcommi ttee this summer and read into the record the names of everyone arrested at Columbia during the last year, because “this is obviously a national plot to overthrow the government.” McClellan smiled and invited other big university several presidents to do the same: Harvard, Michigan, Stanford and Berkeley among them. It would be a lengthy list: more than 500 arrests have been made on those campuses alone last year. San Franc&d State president S.I. Hayakawa, who will undoubtedly run for either senator or governor before the year is out, has railroaded through a with destudent government signs for “ousting subversives. ” The government, which is banned to all activists, supports Hayakawa and approved suspensions for anyone ever arrested and anyone else he wants to prohibit. The student newspaper, last vestige of opposition to Hayaka wa? has been banned ‘by the government election-which was worse than any mayor Dailey ever in Chicago-sancmanipulated tioned by the San Francisco federal courts. And then there is the Judge J. J. Hoffman conspiracy trial in Chicago. It is masqueraded justice and quite funny to observe. Yippie leader Abbie Hoffman is rumored the director of the living theatre the courtroom will undoubtedly turn into. But all humor aside, the malicious intent of the jurisprudence in Chicago is obvious and has definite fascistic overtones. It could most easily be compared to the purge trials of several communist nations this government seems so to fear. And the American student movement isn’t moving. It seems only a visible manifestation of frustration that at the most it has managed to create a new lifestyle of the hippy genre. Passing through Sproul plaza on the infamous Berkeley camPus one meets a Kentucky evangelist claiming that unless you embrace J. Christ you will die in a car accident. Further on, members of the weatherman faction of students for a democratic society pass out-well, force out -literature. The scientology forever, inc. student group marches in Buddhalike draperies and haircuts each singing Hare Krishna, day, Hare Krishna. And the only one who seems to benefit from this is the official Sproul plaza button salesman
Creative Arts Board SOPRANO Openings available in U. of W. Chorus and CHAMBER CHOIR has openings in Soprano,Alto, Tenor Y Set tions Contact: Alfred Kunz, Director of Music Ext. 2439
Guy club proposal is laughihg mufter to &ISS of 77 members, A broadsheet announcing the class of 71 meeting this last wednesday proposed to invest money in a racehorse and a gay club. An honest proposal for a car raffle was also proposed, but, as Dave Marsell explained, “something out of the ordinary is required to get these guys out to a meeting”. The main purpose of the meeting was to encourage people to sign up for projects like the car raffle, pub nights, a studentfaculty smoker, and a little Las Vegas night. The attendance was good and all were prepared to get a few laughs out of the gay club pro-. posal. Past-treasurer Ed Kilner explained that class of 71 was
interrupted in mid-sentence by orgnized primarily to make “I’ve had one fellow possible a grad trip. The capital laughter, approach me. . . “, he had to rewas to -be gained by government mind his audience that he was or industry grants, activities, no longer talking about the gay and membership. An 80 percent majority approved a trip to club. Army Fransesuct commented, Japan. “either we can make it or break Mike Witaker then proceeded it; the horse could be a winner to explain the gay club and race or it could break its legs.’ We horse proposals. A warehouse rent it out as a was available Caesars ’ could always and stud or bring it to the gay club”. Forum agreed to cater. All that The gay (club and race horse was required was to decorate the proposals were defeated. interior. Dave Mensell, vicepresiden t, Witaker reported, “several guys were in favor of having chambelaborated on the set-up of the car raffle after which the motion ers at the back.” After laughter subsided, he explained further. on this was approved. Questions “We don’t really have to have a were raised as to the legal difgay club’ ’ . ficulties involved, but the group He explained the possibilities was assured that everybody does of investing in a racehorse. When it with no trouble.
.
friday
10 October
1969 (10:22)
331
7
especially
for Chevron campus
You
staffers,
centre,
can
but
Saturday
eat
the
open
18 October
difVeumce=
cd Sir
8
332 the Chevron
to anyone.
Pizza
I
protesters
say.
l
l
.
put the lion of Judah
in the
or Ethiopia may become the next Vietnam While Canadian university students worry about the Americanization of the classroom, students in Ethiopia are locked in a life-and-death struggle with American domination at every level. Despite increased struggles by student; and peasant guerrillas, the feudal regime of emperor Haile Selassie, known as “the lion of Judah,” is managing to crush most of the opposition with the aid of the American military, which operates under a 1953 agreement to keep the emperor’s regime in power. Many see Ethiopia as the next Vietnam. At least twenty Ethiopian students have been murdered by police since january of this year; one from university, the rest from highschools and elementary schools. Another 2000 are in concentration camps outside the capital city, Addis Ababa. About 15 of these have been sentenced to 8 years at hard labor. .In response to the demonstrations which resulted in many of the arrests, the schools were closed for a month in february. The students struck and continued to demonstrate; the schools remain closed. With imprisonment without a trial for; up to six months legal in Ethiopia, thousands of political prisoners are subject to the common use of torture-being left in stagnant icewater for days, dragged by cars over pebble roads, lashed while hung by their feet or tortured with electric shocks. Entire villages have been wiped out by air attacks; peasants have been arbitrarily shot or hung. The death toll is almost impossible to tally. When Selassie made one of his visits, frequent since the Eisenhower rule, to Washington this july to ask for more money and arms, to discuss the American military base in Ethiopia and generally ask Nixon to lend more help to buoy up the foreign financial base on which his power rests, twenty-five members of the Ethiopian student association in North America were arrested in a demonstration. They face deportation and sentences of from ten to fifteen years. *** . The picture painted of Ethiopia by Ethiopian Airlines and the country’s magnificent embassies throughout the worldlike the one in Ottawa-is a lie-a lie built upon the repression and exploitation of the people of Ethiopia by Selassie’s regime. The feudal aristocracy lives well and lavishly, but it is the dismal story of the hardships suffered by the vast majority of Ethiopians that needs to be told. While there are pretences of democracy, Ethiopia remains a political despotism. There are no political parties-not even rubber-stamp parties ; the parliament is democratic only in name. Members of the upper house are personally appointed by the emperor who is free to overrule any decisions of the lower house. His decisions and legislation on all matters are binding and are not subject to review by the parliament.
According to the U.S. army handbook for Ethiopia, Selassie has merely designed “a more constitutional framework (the parliament) within which.. .the nobility and the church (would be) brought more closely under the throne’s leadership. ” The ruling class maintains its power through a combination of violent repression and ideological indoctrination. The former is carried out by a 40,000 man army and an equally large police force, the latter by the state Coptic Church. It is Selassie, the upper echelon of his
bv Ron Thomnson
feudal regime and their foreign backers who must bear the responsibility for the misery of the Ethiopian people. Ethiopia is one of the poorest countries in the world and in Africa. Per capita income is about $40; and even this figure hides the plight of the peasants who are forced to turn over 75 percent of their crops to the landlords. The peasant is bound to this feudalism, able to terminate his services only by death or if he is too ill to work-provided he gives four year’s notice. Services also include devoting one day in three to personal service for the landlord. Though Selassie said in 1961 that “it is our aim that every Ethiopian own land,” 80 percent of the land is still owned by two ,percent of the population. The imperial family and the feudal nobility own 65 percent of all land and the Coptic Church between 20 and 30 percent of the most arable land.
Although 90 percent of the population is involved in agriculture their produce represents only 62 percent of the gross domestic income. Modern manufacturing is still concentrated in a few small enterprises, 90 percent foreign-owned, which turn out consumer items like cigarettes, shoes, liquor, soft drinks and textiles. These industries, paying standard wages of about 40 cents a day, represent only about two pepcent of the total economy. Although th&re is increasing foreign, mainly American, investment in minerals it represents a negligible portion of the country’s income. Ethiopia is a classic example of a onecommodity export economy. Nearly twothirds of the value of exports comes from coffee. American purchases represent 75 percent of this amount-parenthetically giving the U.S. ample control over the economy. The country has been suffering a rapidly-growing tra‘de deficit which has reached such proportions by 1969 that it threatens to collapse the economy.
for the cultivation of a wide variety of . agricultural products. According to the Ethiopian planning board, only 15 percent of potentially arable land (not including vast areas which could be utilized through irrigation) is at present cultivated.. . “An American economist has estimated that, if properly cultivated, Ethiopia could produce enough food to feed Europe. According to a UN study, Ethiopia is second only to the Congo in hydro-electric potential among African countries. ” Although it is known there are large potash and iron deposits, the mineral and oil resources have not been fully explored.” (from Repression
in Ethiopia)
Though for nearly 3000 years Ethiopia has maintained her independence, her militarily strategic location has meant her subjugation to foreign occupation or influence for the last thirty years. During the Italian occupation, Selassie was given refuge in Britain. When the Italians had been driven out in 1941, the British lent their troops and airforce to prop up his regime in the face of a series of popular revolts over the next ten years. Since the early fifties, however, Ethiopia has become a part of the American empire. Hundreds of millions of dollars have been poured into the country in the form of loans and technical and military aid. Millions more have been squeezed n11t ““,I.
Canadian Universitv
Press
thing; the university is a creation of the United States, literally controlled b: Americans, ” he said. Right doivn to the police college, a branch of the universit! which students claim is used to train spiel for the imperialists. Part of the U.S. economic hold on Ethio pia can be seen in the New York Time! report of 17-.janu~~y, 1967. “Dozens of American businessmen havt already discovered Ethiopia, from a book store to a $100 million potash project from a spice firm to two of the world’: largest oil companies.. ..Among the reas, ons, one of Africa’s most liberal invest, ment policies, generous duty-free and ta> exemption provisions, special laws pro. tecting U.S. firms against expropria. tion...” But it is largely Ethiopia’s militarily strategic location that justifies the presence of the American military. Ethiopia stands at the crossroads of the middle east and Africa, with ports opening on the Red sea and the Indian ocean.
“One of the most important showdowns between east and west is in the making ir Ethiopia.. .upon its outcome may depenc whether the U.S. loses Africa. The U.S must stand behind those who have sup, ported it in the past-in this case, Empero Haile Selassie. ” ( the Illinois State Registry, 12 january, 1964.) The importance of the Red Sea ports oi Massawa and Assab lay behind Selassie’s cancellation of the independence and federal status of the province of Eritrea. The northeastern province had its status negotiated by the United Nations after the second world war, but in 1962 Selassie moved in. The civil service was virtually liquidated, the Ethiopian military replaced the Eritrean police, and mass arrests by secret police have led to detention camps throughout the countryside, known as “fortified hamlets. ”
The U.S. maintains a military and naval base (the largest in Africa, and one of the most important of America’s far-flung bases) in the country. This is despite Selassie’s avowed dedication to pan-Africanism-with American help the headquarters of the organization for African unity and the UN economic commission for Africa were established in Ethiopia-and the OAU’s request for all military bases to be removed from African nations. In return the U.S. signed an agreement in 1953, Guerrillas have been waging a war in that they would maintain Selassie’s reEritrea since 1962 against Selassie and gime in power. As early as 1965, an Ameri. Disease and famine are rampant. At Ethiopia’s armed forces are under the the Americans. can helicopter piloted by a U.S. army flier least one major province suffers severe tutelage of the U.S. war machine-except against the starvation each year. Between 50 and 60 the paratroopers and secret police who was used in reconnaissance An entire infantry division of percent of all new-born children die in the are trained by another U.S. ally in the guerrillas. about 8000 American-trained men and two first two-and-a-half years after birth. middle east, Israel-and are financed squadrons of American-built war planes Adult life expectency is 30 years. mainly through American military aid. are fighting the guerrillas near the SudVirtually nothing is being done to combat The supply of American weapons however anese border. disease. Two-fifths of the population live is kept limited enough to maintain dependWhat is important is that the Eritrean in malaria-infested regions (20,000 die an- ency; they could be exhausted quickly in struggle is not an isolated one, nor is it hisany prolonged struggle. nually of malaria) ; in one province there torical. Since 1941 there have been conare over 110,000 lepers; half the adult popThe OAU recognizes the threat to Ethiostant uprisings against the feudal fascism pian independence posed by the American ulation in the nation’s capital suffers from syphillis. Smallpox, typhus and dysentry presence. “The American advisors, the of Selassie’s regime. The major ones during the war were put down with the aid of are also endemic. Yet there are fewer mapping and geographical institute, and the British in Gojjam and Tigre, and in than 7500 hospital beds and 300 doctors to the peace corps (as well as the presence Weyanne, where a year-long struggle was care for a population of 25 million, and of the American base) . ..a11 these strengfinally crushed by RAF bombardments. A most of these are in the capital city to look then the hold of imderialism in Ethiopia.” peasant revolt in Ogaden in 1948 was also after the elite. While the government alloin Africa, 1965, vol. 18) stamped out by British troops and a revolt cated 30 to 35 percent of the total budget In addition to the largest expenditure to military expenditures, only 2.3 percent on military aid in all Africa, and the pr- in Wollo in 1958 was met with the “eradiwent to public health. sence of 25,000 to 30,000 GI’s and their de- cation of a whole chain of villages frbm A UNESCO study shows that between 95 pendents, the U.S. maintains one of its the map of Ethiopia. ” and 98 percent of the population is illiterlargest peace corps missions in Ethiopia. In 1960 there were two revolts. A peasant uprising in april protesting dispossesate, a figure unmatched by any other More than 25 percent of the teaching staff sion by the Emperor’s family, led to the country. Despite Selassie’s three-decadesiri the university is American; the Peace Corps holds over 50 percent of the teaching massacre of more than a thousand peasold proclamation that “a free public eduants. An attempted military coup d’etat cation is the right of every child,” only 3 positions in the public schools. The public in december was put down with the aid of percent of over 6 million school-age childschools aren’t for the mass of the populabombardments by planes flown by Amerren are in school. Only 0.3 percent of potention in any case, but with the peace corps ican pilots. tial students over the age of 15 attend control even the insignificant ‘educated’ Since then the economy has suffered an school. These few attend classes that averminority are trained in a program which plunge into an inflationary age 58 students in size in the city, between puts the U.S., through the peace corps, the increasing crisis, and is threatened with collapse by 79 and 84 in the country. point 4 program and the agency for intertrade deficit. Peasants and workers have Yet in terms of resources, this need not national development, fully in charge of seen the cost of living rise by over 30 perbe. curriculum up to the university level. cent while their incomes have remained at “Much of Ethiopia’s 450,000 square miles According to one Ethiopian student, the same level or lower. The tax burden even on educational grounds the educais plateauland which possesses one of the shifted to their shoul most fertile agricultural soils and grazing tion is not meaningful or relevant to the has been increasingly ders. lands in the world. The country’s broad people or the problems of Ethiopia. “Americans have literally range of climates and altitudes allows taken over every* continued on next page
friday
10 October
1969 (10:22)
333
9
gut the lion of Judah * from
previous
in the zoo technical areas) ; cessation of the use of American peace corps teachers whose function is to serve as agents of cultural imperialism in Ethiopia ; immediate termination of the vast expenditures on extravagant entertainment of foreign guests and similar visits abroad by Ethiopian officials; the removal from office of those officials directly responsible for the state education system. ” “The students also demand that various officials responsible for the killing of students during peaceful demonstrations be brought for public trial.” (from Repres-
evacuated all the university students to a concentration camp outside the capital. Highschool and elementary students came out in support of the university studentsand the school system has been closed down since march. An important characteristic of the recent student demonstrations has been the support of the poor people in Addis Ababa and other cities. They battled with the soldiers and police, often protecting the students from arrest. For days the capital was under martial law and still heavilyarmed soldiers and militia police patrol the city. Workers and civil servants supplied students with food, money and shelter during the strikes.
page
Though repression of any dissent has been severe, the last decade has seen an escalation of resistance against the Selassie regime and their foreign sponsors. Workers in various provinces have staged attacks for wage increments and rights to organize; labor leaders have been arbitrarily dismissed or physically eliminated. In protest of new land taxes, peasant uprisings have spread to other regions than the struggles now under way in Balle, Borrena and Eritrea. The province of Goj jam has again taken up arms against the regime. Repression by the military and the police has been brutal. The provinces are under constant search by army divisions. Air bombardments have been constant and severe.
sion in Ethiopia)
The formation of the world-wide union of Ethiopian students has seen support extended to Europe, the middle east and North America where Ethiopian students studied abroad. The North American association organized the demonstration and confrontation during Selassie’s visit to Washington this summer. They have expressed their solidarity with blacks in the U.S., denying any validity to Selassie’s denial in Washington thirteen years ago that he was a black or a negro, that “Ethiopians are a race apart.” These students face sentences of from ten to fifteen years or deportation.
The students in Ethiopia have transcended their backgrounds to the extent that many of them came from the better-off strata of the society; the traditional role of the university had been to train selfseeking ambitious bureaucrats to staff the civil service and high bureaucratic posts. Their struggle is now with the masses of the population against the feudal oppression. Their demands are political demands that speak to Ethiopian problems.
.
The student movement in Ethiopia has seen a parallel consolidation over the last decade. They have joined forces with the peasant struggles under the banners of land-to-the-tiller and anti-imperialism. Seeing the common goals in the two struggles the peasants have responded to the mass meetings and protests organized by the students.
They are demanding: “the withdrawal of school and examination fees instituted by the regime; a just and equitable distribution of scholarships granted by.any foreign nation (of 3000 foreign scholarships offered per year, the regime has accepted only about 1000, from the U.S. and western Europe, ignoring those from socialist countries, many of them in important
The final straw in a series of increasing education taxes brought the student struggle to the fore last february when the emperor of a nation w-ith a per capita income of about $40 annually decreed a school entrance examination fee of $10. The students at the university planned a strike, but the emperor sent the security forces and
The students see imprisonment in the U.S. as “rotting in Yankee imperialist jails,” as the imperial country helping Selassie suppress dissent even outside Ethiopia.
Selassie sits alone on top of a powderkeg, 25 million subjects whose many grie-
Background PERSONAL YOU but
like
to
fel ow
center
live
man
wtth
may
your not.
own
Keep
garbage, the
68
campus
fer,
clean.
you
you
have
making
all
a car?
Koehler
For
the
further
money
you
need?
rnformatron
Do
call
Pontiac
good
See Saturday
your
local
6am
1 pm.
Wende,
candlemaker;
upstairs,
Kitchener
by
december
second
year
sell.
31
Eligible
must females
be
student
dition,
Market,
anrcal
phone
marned Leroy,
578-2178.
I-
six
shocks.
1 100,
$500
or
Consol, radio.
(federation
very
offer.
cylinder
Nagon
of-
som
offer
good
condition,
Phone
743-
$250
on
office)
rates,
of
display Submit
located
written
bass
guitar.
union
rates,
ex-
October
French
office to
GSU
on
TV
334 the Chevron
Call
reasonable
after
5pm.
576-
essays
typed,
campus.
Call
reasonable
after
5pm.
576.
AVAILABLE double
for
room,
fal
term
I
room
own in
Crescent.
shower,
quret
kitchen,
home
near
cable university,
578-4170. exists
with
at
cooking
entrance.
193
Albert
facilities,
$10
per
street.
parking
week.
Double and
Apply
Mr.
rent.
5
private
Hudson,
34
Ezra. STUDENTS
room
university.
10
tala
Sem-sju-
typed,
campus.
and
located
HOUSING
578-9344
21 - 7 pm - ML 355
libre e
att
Bob.
2450.
VACANCY
Conversational
essays
Kanadick
TYPING
mech-
TV, bids
Call
and
en
2450.
ONE electric
on
ASSIGNMENTS
Electrohome in grad
telefoner
con-
194. inch
lar
och
18.
excellent certificate
653-2 19
578-89
mileage,
includes
Phone
QUALITY condition,
low
Dave,
Dale
Tuesday,
vilja
snail
TYPING
snows
treasurer. YAMAHA
->
.
skulle
var
atta-nolla-tva-atta-sju.
automa-
Best
Call
very
fitness. GOOD
student
new
Austin
cellent MALE
Best
ASSIGNMENTS 1965
must
SUPPORT rates
condition.
Laurentian,
tires,
1959
every
excellent
1875.
Fred
745-0034.
204,
svenska.
1965 tic,
ABE
Peugeot 743-7338.
Call
WHY for blocks
743-6592,
wait
a male to
for
for grad,
campus.
after
foul
weather? light
housekeeping
$18
weekly.
minutes
from
5:30. 2 furnished
rooms and
745-6401.
only
The students know they will not make a revolution in Ethiopia by themselves. They can only serve to help organize and, educate the people who have been oppressed so long. They recognize too the importance of taking their story to the rest of the world if they are to prevent the U.S. from stepping in and realizing the fear one student voiced in Washington that Ethiopia would become the next Vietnam. _
“The people and students of Ethiopia are too familiar with the oppression and inhumanity of the feudal and neo-colonialist regime in Ethiopia. But the diabolic nature of the government and the true condition of the masses of Ethiopia remain unknown to world public opinion. “That such a regime, through its control of the press and censorship should attempt to hide its despicable practices does not come as a novel discovery. It is all the more imperative therefore that all wellmeaning and progressive peoples everywhere make their voices heard in a condemnation of its inhuman acts.” (from Repression
to Simon
in Ethiopia)
Fraser
Travelling strikers , exphin PSA &to
TUTORS
FOR SALE may
your
vances are now being vocalized by an articulate student movement. Inside and outside the country, the students are organizing protests and demonstrations, educating people to the crimes against their people. Selassie continues to look to foreign powers for help in keeping down his people. The United States has come to his aid again.
3
The political science, sociology and anthropology department at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, B.C. has been on strike for over two weeks and many other departments are going out in sympathy. A professor and three teaching assists, who are on strike and have subsequently been fired, gave a‘ talk October 2 in the campus center. They have been travelling across Canada giving talks at several universities explaining the PSA dedepartment, its background, and the reasons for the strike. Pat Hoffer, a teaching assistant in PSA, explained the department. The political science, sociology and anthropology departments merged in 1966, to form PSA. In response to the Canadian Association of university teachers censure in 1968, the department underwent a process of democratization. This came in the form of student parity and received the endorsement of the administration. Parity did not work on the basis of one person-one vote because the students far outnumbered the professors. Faculty and students met and uoted separately. If they agreed, the issue would become policy. If not, further discussion ‘would take place until a consensus is reached. For the first time students took part in the determination of their education. The students and faculty worked together to create a critical social science department that would not necessarily serve the government or big business but rather would serve the poor, tenant associations, and indian groups. Professor John Loggett, who was active in the Berkeley free speech movement, then spoke on what had happened to PSA since its inception. Trouble, he explained, came from two areas: Bennett’s quasifascist Social Credit party and the administration. He gave several examples. In january 1967, the RCMP stopped rand interrogated a student
about the political beliefs of three of the professors in the PSA department. When the department made a fuss about this and the subject was brought up in the legislative assembly, the RCMP threatened to charge the student with committing fraud against the name of the force. The department tried to hire a Polish professor but the administration turned him down because he came from an iron curtain country. Another attempt to hire a professor was again squelched by the administration because he had been seeing a psychiatrist. In 1967, a teacher at a local highschool was suspended for some supposedly obscene poetry he had written. Five teaching assistants from PSA organized a demonstration. Four were arrested and all five were fired from their positions-a case of double jeopardy. They were rehired after a campuswide demonstration but the board of governors met and fired a professor who was instrumental in the fight for the teaching assistants. This sort of action by the administration has escalated. They have followed a policy of hiring only armchair radicals if any at all, who turn out papers more or less condoning the actions of the administration. The PSA department reacted against this but the president counteracted by imposing a trusteeship over the department. The administration has phased out 11 faculty members who, have been demoted, fired or put on probation. The 11 faculty reacted against this through proper channels, appealing to several committees and the board of governors. All these groups rubber stamped the administration’s actions in a period of 48 hours. Fed up with such actions PSA tried to negotiate for the freedom of the department. This failed and strike action was taken. PSA is basically calling for the freedom of each department to do what it wants and for president Strand to stand up against the social credit government.
Track,
tennis
and
golf
lnframural
iocks
well
The intramural department had an active September.
were third with Probert was fifth.
At the men’s annual track and field meet September 29, two of the sixty participants broke intramural records and several others as well gave fine performantes. Bob Kaill (grads j set a record for the mile of 439.4 in one of his three‘ wins and the phys-ed team broke the old 440 mark with a time of 46.4.
The men’s intramural tennis simgles were played September 23 at the Waterloo tennis club. Eighteen intramural units were represented by the 50 entrants. In the semi-finals, Derek Smith defeated Tony Bezjah 6-4, and Dick Tie outlasted Pete Shaver 6-2, 6-8, 6-O. In the finals Tie (optometry) overcame Smith (habitat) by 6-2, 6-3 in a wellplayed match to take first.
J. Moon (renison) and R. Ciupa (st. jerome’s) had two firsts each. Renison and St. Paul’s tied for team honors with 53 points. The finalists in the intramural golf tournament chased the little white ball around the course, September 26. Tom Galloway and Laurie Swing(phys-ed) hammer (upper eng)with a name like that no wonder he won-tied for first place with 75’s. John Cushing and Dave Johnston
76’s
and
under
All the intramural trophies will be presehted Saturday afternoon at half-time of the McMaster football game. At this point of the men’s intramural competitions, phys-ed (27 points) and habitat (24 points) are leading in the fryer-trophy race. In the Townson trophy, given for in tramural participation, upper engineering has a commanding 31-point lead over Renison and St. Paul’s who are tied with 25 points each.
has five going include water broomstudents
track and field team Outscores all others combined
Warrior long-jumper
for people’s
Several individuals led the way with impressive victories. Mike Strenge set a new warrior record in winning the 440-yard hurdles in
Les Jolivet in action at track meet.
pizza
General Licensed
Repairs Mechanic
Young St. Waterloo
They have been started for those who want to organize a team for recreational rather than competitive purposes. Further details are now available from the phys-ed office.
Wufrior
League-leading warrior track and fielders again took first in Saturday’s meet at Seagram stadium.
Ltd.
Service
cnmilable
Recreation The phys-ed department activities recreational this fall. These activities basketball, floor hockey, polo, hockey, and. co-ed ball; and are open to all and staff Of Uniwat.
Bill
wuy
and spaghetti,
56.6 seconds. Dennis McGann won the long jump easily with a leap of 23 ft 1 in, and in the hundred was just edged out at the tape by Mat’s Johnson. Both times of 9.8. Dennis was only credited with 9.9, but this is still a new school record. Excellent team strategy was displayed by Paul Pearson 2 and Jim Strothard in the 880 to defeat Mae’s Tucker, a rare feat. Pearson 2 outsprinted him to win with a time of 1 min 55.4 set, as Strothard came third. Rookie Barry Sandercock won the l%O-yard high hurdles in a fast time of 15.4 seconds, and another newcomer John Balcarras won the 440 with a time of 50.2. Paul Pearson 1 easily won the six miles in 31.09 with Danny Anderson coming third. Paul averaged 5.11 per mile. Cam Crosby --_- - l- -_- -111-- --‘L- of 146 ft 10 in. , He took a second in the shotput with Lorne Johnson third. The high-jump is a classy event this year. Jack Walton equaled his school’ record of 6 feet but still. managed only fifth as Western’s Ray Anthony again won at 6 ft 6 in. Several events were run at half time in the football game. The 440-relay team came a close second with a fast time of 42.9. Our girls proved their speed as well. Heather Cambell won the 440 in 61.6 seconds. Susan Murphy finished third and Brenda Hann fifth. They had less luck in the hundred with Jan Weeks and Cheryl Foley running 4th and 5th. The final results, excluding girls events, were; Waterloo 266 points, McMaster 111, Western 79, Queens 24, Windsor 21 and RMC 15. The track warriors have their final tuneup this weekend before the OQAA championship meet at McMaster next saturday. Today they travel to Western and Saturday they’ll be in Kingston for a meet at RMC. The girl’s team has a final warmup meet as well. October 15 they travel to Windsor, and October 25 the OQAA final will also be held at McMaster.
call Fred at
the PIZZA PALACE, 744-4446 from llam to 2am
N.B.
Curlers Curling registration Ott 14 and 16, 4:00 - 6:00 p.m.
at
All people wishing those who attended ister next week.
will take piace Tues. the Kitchener Granite
to curl this organizational
Volkswagen’s
the new
VW
Diagnosis
semester, meeting,
including must reg-
biggest improvement in I/ years.
Now when you buy a new 1970 Volkswagen you get two years’ worth of free checkups. By using special electronic equipment we examine just about everything that can affect your Wkswagen’s health. See
and Thurs.‘, Club from
and Mainte
The idea behind it all is to detect small troubles before they become big troubles. And to make Volkswagens last even longer. Volkswagen Diagnosis. It’s a whole new way of life. mance
System
CROSBY VOLKSWAGEN 2500 KING
ST. E.
at:
i
P.S. Good for older models too (60 Pt. Check *7,00) friday
70 October
7969 (70:221
335
11
,
Everyone wants approval, everyone yearns to be liked, everyone hungers for love. This is a driving force within you, but you must earn this approval and love. The personnel department has earned hostility and anger from new secretaries f6r the distribution of the booklet, Poise for the successful business girl. The booklet, given to new girls at personnel orientatibn sessions along with the infamous secretary’s manual-which was distributed to all university secretaries in early summer-is as trivial, insulting and dehumariizing as the manual itself, although the cost was probably considerably lower (since the administration didn’t produce the booklet). Mary Parr, an The preamble says, author American, is a former consultant to industry in matters of speech, persuasion and personal development. Parr majored in public speaking and dramatics, and has adapted her educational background and natural talents to business and industry. Welcome to the human capital industry, new secretaries. Judging by the table of contents, Parr feels poise is an integral part of our lives. There are chapters on personality and poise, poise and knowledge, poise and your voice, poise and judgment, poise and emotion and posture. The opening quote of this article was taken from the first chapter, personality and poise. It tells us that everyone must earn love from his fell0 w man. Working to earn love is akin to buying friendship-both of -which are neurotic symptoms of a maladjusted person. Extending this logic, one could state then that we are not morally obligated to love our fellow man whom we do not know, and who has not earned our love. That means don’t give a damn for people in other countriesas well as our own-who are starving and poverty-striken. That means don’t give a damn about war atrocities, because the people involved have done nothing to earn our love. The chapter goes on to stress the importance of getting along with people. Sell your soul, be hypocritical, adapt, conform-but make certain you get along with people. The booklet cites an example of a girl who was bright and whose work was considered good, but who lasted six months in big business because she was basically fear-ridden and tense. She refused to attend ,a personality course offered by her company because the girls had to pass in review before the instructor. If the other girls in that office had love for their fellow man, they would have made attempts to assist this girl to overcome her insecurity. The author, however, does not suggest this, but states rather that the fault was the girl’s because she did not know how to get along with people. Despite the platitudes in the introduction to the author’s competence, she is greatly lacking in human values, sympathy, understanding and even the very basics of psychology. The second chapter, How faith can he/p you, reiterates the selling-out theme. On the say-so of others, you are hired for positions, gain promotions, receive raises, climb to the top. The say-so of others is of the utmost importance. The say-so of others is of the utmost importance if one has no principles. Do you believe in your boss, your company, your associates?.... When you can? see >for yourself, you have to take the word of someone who can see or who has seen. In the office, you must believe in and respect those around you. Believe in their ideals, their hopes and ambitions, their guidance or advice. If a girl believes in honesty and perceives
12
336 the Chevron
blatant dishonesty in one who works)’ with her, this booklet tells us she must have respect and believe in that person. If a girl believes it is wrong for someone to attain a position or financial gain at the expense of others, and is working for someone who IS using the very methods she abhors, she is told she must believe in his hopes and ambitions, and accept his guidance and advice. Showing faith in your boss, your supervisor, your associates, is the first factor in granting them prestige. One of the basic human drives is the desire for prestige. The booklet goes on to state that Granting others prestige . . ..is the first step in gaining their approval and Jove. Sorting out the rhetoric and stating it in very simplistic terms, the statement becdmes, “do as your boss tells you, keep your mouth shut, don’t think, and you’re almost guaranteed a promotion and increase in salary.” A chapter on the Power of sincerity tells you to be honest and sincere, but never frank because frankness will make more enemies for you than you can imagine. A truly honest person is unable to separate the three. If we are not willing to take the responsibilities connected with being frank, then we are not honest. The chapter on Using your imagination (assuming anyone with any imagination managed to read this far) urges you to imagine how you affect others, without brooding on it. Be sure you are tiptop, then forget about yourself. Jf you bathe daily, wear clean clothes, use deodorants, shampoo your hair weekly, care for your nails, brush your teeth, and use mouthwash, how can you fail? How could anyone, past the age of three, be so compleiely ignorant of the basic facts of cleanliness that they must be told to brush their teeth? And why is it that publishers of manuals for secretaries assume we must be told to wear clean clothes? Since the secretary has reached the stage in her life where she has completed schooling and acquired a job, would it not be nice of them to concede she has enough sense to use deodorant? The Building your assurance chapter describes your first job interview. On your momentous first interview, when you sat across from your prospective boss, with your palms moist, mouth dry, and heart pounding, what happened? Were you so selfconscious that you could not be yourself? Or did you control any trace of stage fright so that you seemed intelligent, alert, attractive and charming? What happened to the sincerity and honesty prescribed two chapters ago? In any event, an intelligent, alert girl’s first job interview could hardly resemble the description given by the author. An intelligent, alert girl knows it is essential that she interview the prospective employer. She will want to determine his business ethics and be given sufficient information for her to be able to form a general evaluation of her boss as a person before she will accept the job. But then, that does not describe the type of person the personnel department wishes to hire. Be an individual contains an interesting contradiction: The first step in being accepted is to be recognized for what you are....So work for naturalness. Naturalness, Mrs. Parr, happens. It cannot be obtained by working. We are told in the same chapter that poise and power go hand in hand. , When you have mastered these five points -faith, genuine interest in people, sincerity, imagination and naturalness-you wiJJ acquire poise, and you will enjoy the power that comes with it.
I
i Poise and know/edge is an entire chapter devoted to urging secretaries to be sycophantic. It lists examples of how courtesy works for you. 1. Mr. Bond asks you to find a file for him. Your answer. “I’ll be glad to, Mr. Bond”. Your reaction is immediate willingness. Suppose, however, that file happens to be the same file that Mr. Bond misplaced two days ago, and you would really like to tell Mr. Bond to find the file himself. Then do so. Perhaps Mr. Bond will begin to realize that you really do have feelings and a mind of your own. You might also find that Mr. Bond will become less careless with the files. 2: Miss Tucker, your supervisor advises you about some work. Your answer: “Thank you for your help, Miss Tucker.” Your reaction is the will to grow in your job. Suppose you have what you consider to be a better method of doing the job. Then tell her. Your reaction indicates you have the ability to think. 3. Miss Wall, long-time employee, sends back a piece of work for correction. Your answer: “Here is the corrected work, Miss Wall. I’m sorry if you’ve been inconvenienced.” Your reaction is willingness to respect superior knowledge. Are we to believe that because someone is a long-time employee they possess superior knowledge? One need only look around this university for some examples of lack of knowledge in long-time employees. And people do have first names. Use them. They are less likely to continue thinking themselves superior if you do. 4. Mr. Latimer, promotion manager, wants you to confer on a project. Your answer: “Of course, Mr. Latimer. Shall I come right in?” Your reaction is willingness to co-operate. But suppose you don’t want to confer immediately on that particular project for one reason or another-perhaps you want to use the john or perhaps there is something unprincipled about the project that you do not wish to become involved with. Tell him. Your reaction is honesty. Mr. Stone enters the office in the morn5. ing. Your action: Smile and bid him, “Good morning.” Your reaction shows that you know etiquette demands that the woman give the first greeting. An intelligent girl allows etiquette to demand nothing. There is no practical reason for a womat-. to give the first greeting. It is nothing more than a holdover from the days women were considered more inferior than they are today. It is giving in to oppression of women to adhere to the laws of conventional society. If you don’t wish to say good morning to Mr. Stone, then don’t. If you don’t feel like smiling at Mr. Stone, then don’t. Perhaps you are a morning grump and are unable to be human until after your first cup of coffee. Mr. Stone will eventually come to realize this, and (unless he is a morning grump as well) might even humor you a bit. If nothing else, he will become aware that you are a person, not a machine, and as a human being you have human feelings. Skipping over chapters such as Raising your social rating, and Poise and your voice (which consist of irrelevant drivel) we come to a chapter entitled Poise and judgement. This chapter is devoted to telling you what to say when a man in your office asks you out for dinner. Example: Mr. Winkler asks you out for lunch. You don’t work for Mr. Winkler. The poised woman would say, “Thank you Mr. Winkler, but I’ve made other plans.” It is in this chapter that the booklet advises the girl who accepts a ride to work from a man to be friendly but businesslike about the convenience. Pay him for the transportation. _ Aha, Mrs. Parr and Uniwat personnel de-
partment: that’s a no-no. Not only is it illegal, but the driver’s insurance would not cover you if he was involved in an accident. The other goodies in this chapter tell you not to appear excited when your boss informs you that you will be going on an out-of-town convention with him. Be impersonal, because it’s your secretarial skill he wants, nothing else (says the book). And if you don’t want to go? The booklet doesn’t provide standard refusals to your boss-you do as he says without question. You are told how to acknowledge an invitation to the boss’ home for dinner (according to Parr, you would never refuse). And in the very next paragraph she tells us that to ‘develop good judgment we must have the courage of our convictions. Poise and posture is an interesting chapter because it takes three pages to tell us how to walk, sit down, and go upstairs. There are also instructions on how to carry your purse, book or umbrella. Grasp any object with just enough firmness to keep it in your hand. Wading through endless infantile instructions, we are advised in the Are you well informed chapter that reading time, newsweek, U.S. News and World Report is a good habit. The information is realiable. Might we also suggest Ramparts, Avant Garde, Psychology today and the New Republic. The information is also reliable, and you will get the side of the story that Time’s reporters couldn’t get by the editorial board. In keeping with the don’t-think-for-yourself theme, the booklet advises to read movie reviews to make certain you see the best. The motion picture, says the book, should add to your knowledge, your enjoyment of life, and your understanding of human relationships. Thereby the movies will also add to your poise. We are also advised to be well-informed about fashions. Your clothes should be right for you. This takes study and time, but you can learn fast. ‘I Vogue, Harper’s, Glamour, Mademoiselle, to mention only a few, are excellent magazines with smart ideas. ” Vogue, Harper’s, Glamour and Mademoiselle are also the magazines which depict $300 dresses you can buy at Saks fifth avenue and I. Magnin’s of California. The booklet concludes by listing some of the unpoised habits: sniffling, breathing loudly, talking too loudly, blinking, smacking lips, drumming fingers. It also advises against using “strong languate”. *** It seems to me that it is time for the secretarie-s of this university to publish a manual for the personnel department. Let’s advise the people who sit in their ivory towers that we are human beings who can think and act for ourselves; that we are tired of being treated as machines to be used for whatever purposes our employers see fit; that we are capable of making decisions; and above all, that we do have principles and ethics and intend to abide by them. We see evidence daily of the oppression of women in society, and if we do not speak out we are condoning that oppression. By not acting, we perpetuate the feeling that woman is an object to be used-for sex, or for the jobs men consider it beneath their dignity to perform. How many secretaries make coffee for their boss each morning? Isn’t it time we advised our lords and masters that a more equitable arrangement would be for them to make coffee for us two or three times a week? We are being oppressed and dehumanized by petty bureaucrats, many of whom would not be bureaucrats were it not for the efficient secretaries behind them. Secretaries of the university, unite!
friday
70 October
7969 (70:22)
337
13
Quebec’s New
Shipment
latest
I
by Una O’Callaghan D/N/NG, &SING
DANCING ALONG
BLUE MOON HOTEL PETERSBURG 634-5421
Chevron staff
Sizes
I
Danielle Ouimet, 36-25-37 breezed through the Kitchener-Waterloo area recently on a publicity tour for the movie Valerie. As the female lead in this all-Quebec effort, she plays the juicy role of a convent girl gone astray, and what straying. Suffice it to say that director Denis Heroux displays Danielle’s ample proportions which incidentally are slung on a five-foot-six frame, to full advantage. As Danielle herself says,. “Lets put the art department away, it’s a sex picture. Maybe that’s why the prudes in the federal government turned down a request for funds to finance Valerie.
Produced the movie
by Cinepix has made
Bunuel by Marty
Inc. of Montreal for $105,000, $l,OOO,OOO so far in Quebec
attacks
Nova1
Chevron staff
I don’t really have much to say about Viridiana; pernaps that is because I found it to be a truly exciting and sensitive film. Bunuel is one of film’s great pioneer directors, having made Un Chien Andalou with Salvador Dali in the early 30’s. Since then scads of films have followed, most of which have had as an underlying theme a bitter and scathing attack on the catholic church, so per-. vasive an influence in his native Spain. His latest film, Belle de jour, a sensitive and rather surreal portrayal of sexual self-punishment, is an exception to this trend. Viridiana, however, is not. Underlying the entire film, and at times bubbling to the surface is an utter hatred of the church, both as an institution and an ideology. The film is Sade-istic, if we think of Viridiana as Justine in Sade’s novel. The difference, of course, is that Justine’s life is dedicated to the sexual purity of body, while Viridiana’s is submerged in the church. Justine dies a virgin, Viridiana rejects the Church. The young novitiate is unwillingly sent to visit her uncle. This uncle has supported Viridiana but has never visited her. The uncle is sexually attracl
Uniwat
The merchant
church
values
ted to Viridiana and when she refuses to marry or stay with him, he hangs himself. Viridiana inherits half of his estate and his estranged son the other half. She attempts to serve God in her own way by setting up a home for the poor, since she feels that she cannot return to the convent. At the first opportunity these poor people enter the house, wreck it and attempt to rape Viridiana. The cinematic quality of the film is outstanding. Some of the scenes are poignant to the point of horror. In the scene in which the beggars take over the house, one ugly and diseased old man dons a wedding veil and girdle and begins a slow macabre dance to the Hallelujah chorus from Handel’s Messiah, which is playing on a squeaky gramophane. ~ The power of the film results from the utter disintegration of all the values which Viridiana had held sacred all her life. Her uncle and benefactor turns sexually towards her and then hangs himself following her rejection of him. Her somnambulism reveals her own hidden and evil motives, and worst of all, her beloved poor turn so viciously upon her and her possessions. All the values of the church, we can hear Bunuel screaming, have absolutely nothing to do with what life is and how it should be lived.
valves an entire family plus sundry town characters in the problem. Directed by Teddy Marie Han-
players field
The
was repetory year.
ing
Lady’s
not
for
burn-
added to the players’ for the first time this
of Venice.
Charles Murphy was first seen by the players’ audiences in the role the poet in The birds. He also played in The merchant of Venice as Bassanio during the 1966-67 tour. The plot of Fry’s comedy revolves around Thomas (Charles Murphy) a discharged soldier who wants to be hanged, and Jennet Jourdemayne (Emile Michaud) a girl accused of witchcraft. Thomas tries to prove the absurdity of burning a girl who doesn’t wish to die and refusing to hang a man who wants to be hanged, and in the process in338 the Chevron
alone, and plans are underway to distribute it in 28 countries. Valerie is Danielle’s first movie but she’s already signed up for another Cinepix production titled V for victory. Unfortunately it is another sex-exploitation film which she’s not too happy about, as she doesn’t want to get typecast as a sex symbol. She’d like to make films with Vadim, Fellini or Hitchcock but knows that as long as she stays in Montreal she will only be able to get sex-pot parts. Why? Because sex is what’s selling these days and when you’re a fledgling Canadian film company you can’t afford to go out on a limb. As a girl confident of her talents, however, she feels that great things lie ahead for her. When she was 16 she told her friends that she would be well known in her chosen field within ten years. At 22, she’s four .years ahead of her dreams, How’s that for intuition, OR something.
hosts national
Witch-hunting in 15th century England may not sound like an hilariously funny theme for a play, but Christopher Fry’s The lady’s not for burning is a favorite with hard-core theater fans. Produced by the national players of Washington, one of America’s leading repertory companies, it opens in the arts theater october 17 with Charles Murphy and Emily Michaud in the lead roles. This is Michaud’s, third tour with the players and anyone familiar with the company will remember her as Iris in The birds, Margaret in Much ado abqu t n’o thing and Nerissa in
14
sex symbol
Charles Murphy as Mendip, the ex-soldier who wants to hang. in The lady’s not for burning.
I-
’ ,Records
by David
Hart
Chevron staff
BOBBY CURTOLA
Black is beautiful and so is BB King’s latest album. which has been relegated to its proper place. BB KING, (Bluesway
ALIVE AND WELL BLS 6031)
This great blues guitarist has been labelled king of the blues by many of his contemporaries and critics, and although some would dispute this, in this record he excells to such a high degree that one would have to look more than far to find his equal. This album undoubtedly contains the best version of Don‘t answer the door to be found Side one was recorded live anywhere on record. ’ at the village gate last march and shows BB at his most entertaining and musically brilliant best. Side two is studio tracking, drawing heavily from the talents of the best young bluesmen in the United States. Showing up here is a strong invasion of funk and heavy soul beat, usually reserved for the soul products of the Stax Memphis studios, but it is used with tasteful restraint allowing the talent of the king to shine through. Through each track on the album, especially the live side, he weaves his way, bending each note to the breaking, tearing away with guts and erengy to get through to his listeners. He succeeds admirably and his audience responds. For the uninitiated this is a great LP to start your BB King collection. THE BAND, THE BAND (Capitol STAO 132)
When their first LP. Music from big pink was released last October, Al Kooper called it the top record of the year and John Lennon said it was the best thing he’d heard in many months. With Dylan doing the cover painting and several of the songs, it was difficult for them to escape being labelled as his band. But this their most recent release, which came out in Canada last week, establishes them solidly as one of the very best groups in north america today. While most of the music on the earlier LP was theirs, it could not escape some Dylan influence. Their new material though is fresh, has a new spirit, but is yet that sound which they have established as totally their own. All compositions are by Jaime Robbie Robertson, with assists by Levon Helm and Richard Manuel on a couple of tracks. Robertson has given the group some beautiful material to work with and by surrounding it with their sweet Kentucky Ozarks country rock sound, they come up with some of the tightest pop arrangements around today. Four of the group are originally from southern Ontario, with drummer Levon Helm having his roots in the Ozarks before he came to Canada 11 years ago with Ronnie Hawkins. Together for the past ten years the band shows their rural Ontario roots in some of the country - imagery, but their sound derives its country Ozarks tone from the rural south. If you haven’t heard their LP’s yet, get this one. JUDY COLLINS, RECOLLECTIONS (Electra EKS 74055)
The liner notes read, “A very special collection of Judy’s most requested songs of the folk years...” and it is obvious from the titles why this would be so. The album contains four Dylan songs, Light-
Not so Gord Lightfoot’s
foot’s
Early
morning
and an exceptionally Tom Paxton composition turn,
rain,
sunday concert
Seeger’s Turn turn beautiful version of the
That
was
the last
thing
on my mind.
It’s an album any Judy Collins fan will want, although she doesn’t like the album concept herself because that’s not where she is at today, as she proved in Massey Hall last week. It’s also an album many folk fans will like, but it is a bit of a hype. Electra released it only because Judy isn’t recording now and hasn’t since july 68 m and they want to make some money. THE BEATLES: (Apple SO-383)
ABBEY
ROAD
Released last week this new record is causing more reaction than anything they’ve done for a long time. They are several firsts on this single disk package. Two really good tracks by George Harrison, one of which Something is the best song on the disk; the first decent song Ringo has ever written Octopus’ garden ; and a cool put-down of royalty called Her majesty’s a pretty nice girl but she doesn’t
RESERVED SEATS FLOOR IN REDS $4.54 + $.46 (tax) $5.00 BLUES $3.64 + $.36 (tax) $4.00
have a lot to say.
It’s obvious after listening to it once that this is the most together album the Beatles have made since Sgt. Peper. Lennon told the press that they were really tight on the sessions and it shows. We are treated to a unity and singleness of tone and purpose which recalls the rubber soul days. (Rubber soul has been called the best rock album in pop history, although even that is clearly open to dispute). There are so many outstanding tracks on the record that it would be pointless to describe any of them. GORDON LIGHTFOOT, SUNDAY (United Artists UAS 6714)
CONCERT
Lightfoot’s new LP is a live concert taped during his three day gig at Massey hall in Toronto last march. Smartly packaged in a foldout design, it includes numerous pictures of himself and- good friend Robert Markle, (a Toronto artist and close friend) and comes across as a rare and valuable gift to his fans. And there are those who have been waiting anxiously for this release, who will buy it and play it and sing its praises and go to see him in concert in the jock hall this weekend. And what do they hear as the grain of diamond traces its way through pretentious plastic canyons? They hear Gord Lightfoot singing and playing and smiling. Didn’t that happen last year, and on four other albums? Oh yeah. And he is good, he writes some beautiful songs, and he plays a technically flawless flowing guitar. But is it too much to ask from a live album that it convey some of the vitality, energy, warmth and humor of the artist it presents? I for one don’t think so. Yet the record fails completely in this area. It contains five new compositions, all standard Lightfoot, but there is no spontaniety, no humor, no rapping with his enthusiastic and responsive audience. The applause could have been inserted from any canned track without making any difference, the songs themselves are lifted from previous releases. It’s too bad. Maybe they recorded the wrong songs.
TICKETSON CLAI RE Ticket Coloniai Art’s in Theatre Box
SALE AT: MILLER’S Agency Record Bar Waterloo Office U. of W.
I~oeoooooooooooooooooooo~ l l eM e •e~~~0eae~a ? l Friday, October e
e
l a l a1
a l
0
a l
I
IS •a~~aom 17,8:00
p.m.
e 0 e
0 8
“THE LADY’S NOT ‘FOR BURNING”
1 : 0 0
Limited number of single tickets Admission $2.50 - Students $1.50 Mail or phone orders accepted 744-61 11, Ext. 21260rat Theatre Box Office
l l
,
0 0
e
l l l 0 e e l e e
0 a 0 e
0 -. a 0 e l ? e @ 0 SEASON-COUPON
BOOK
HOLDERS
a
l l
Exchange Season Coupon now for “Lady’s Not For Burning”, Friday, Oct. 17 8:00 p.m. Theatre Box Office
e
i)O~OOO~OOOOOOOOOO~OOOO~ friday
70 October
7969 (70:22)
339
15
0
F ALL THE MANY groups that make up western society-war garners, ad men, used-car dealers, obsolescence-planners, spokesmen for the tobacco institute-surely the most fiercely despised are teenagers. As adults everywhere see it, the typical addled-escent has acne, V.D., and a couple of illegitimate children; he’s addicted to pot, barbaric music, erotic dancing, and stealing people’s automobiles ; he’s lazy, irresponsible, and-the ultimate offense-disrespectftil to his elders. “You ought to bury them at 12 and dig them up at 18, ” an angry mother told Judge Mary Kohler. “If it were up to me,” a cop told writer Eda LeShan, “I’d put them in jail and throw the key away. ” “Kids today are detestable,” according to that eminent child psychologist Groucho Marx, interviewed recently in the New York Times, continuing: “What you should do with kids is slug hell out of them when they’re small. ” “Say ‘Juvenile, “orders Philip Wylie, “and nine grown people in ten will think ‘delinquent. ’ ” Lyn Tornabene? a writer who at age 34 engaged in a participantobservation study of teenage customs at “Urban” High School (I Passed as a Teenager), reports: “The adults on the streets around Urban didn’t like the sight of the kids leaving school. They backed off in fear and hostility to let them pass. I saw the hostility on the street. I felt it after school in the company of my young friends. ” Finally, according to this refrain the whole trouble with teenagers-“young punks,” in this context-is that their parents don’t knock them on the heads enough, their teachers mollycoddle them, and society treats them as if they had diplomatic immunity. Granted: Teenagers are one goddamn great big pill. They do heist a lot of cars; in fact, you can gauge the over-all crime rate just by knowing how many teenagers there are in the general population. Many teenagers get V.D., many smoke marijuana, many get married on sunday and divorced on tuesday. They’re sassy, moody, and difficult to live with. All this is unarguable and regrettable. But landlords, undertakers, and, yea verily, skin doctors all have their defenders. Is there no devil’s advocate, no intrepid man or woman anywhere, who will say-a few kind words on behalf of the modern adolescent? The answer is Yes, in thunder. Perhaps the foremost defender of American youth is a chap by the name of Edgar Z. Friedenberg, professor of sociology at the University of California (Davis) and the author of The Vanishing Adolescent, Coming of Age in America, and The Dignity of Youth and Other Atavisms. It is Professor F’s contention that adolescents are a discriminated-against minority group, virtually powerless to defend themselves against the depredations and humiliations of adult society. “The adolescent,” he fumes, “is now the only totally disenfranchised minority group in the country.” In fact, the parallel 1 of teenagers with blacks is remarkable: “Here is a people who are usually carefree, exuberant, long of limb and fleet of
foot. Noted for athletic and (it is whispered) sexual prowess, they are nonetheless essentially childlike, irresponsible, and given to outbursts of unrestrained violence.” He means teens, not blacks, silly. As for the ululating public outcry against juvenile delinquency, why, Professor F rightly suggests that “the kind of concern and indignation it arouses-the vindictive cartoons and columns in the papers, the just barely subpornographic accounts of gang activities, and the lusciously sadistic measures sometimes proposed for dealing with the miscreants-is neurotic, particularly in a population which has for some years endured with suspicious apathy the combined threats of lung cancer, atomic fallout, and week-end motoring. ” In short, there are people who believe that today’s adolescents are more sinned against than sinning, that blaming today’s teenagers for what they are is rather like blaming Oliver Twist, and not Fagin, for being a pickpocket. Before exploring the ways in which adults manage to t,hwart the needs of adolescents, and before exploring some of the lurid reasons why adults really hate teenagers, let us briefly review the facts of life about the teenager living in Canada in this the nineteen-hundred and sixtyninth year of our lord.
A
NATOMY is destiny not only for the newborn but for adolescents as well, for it is puberty (from a Latin word meaning “to grow hair”) that prompts the personality changes that mark adolescence. What puberty, the budding of sexuality, does is to create in the adolescent a demanding need for independence, for responsibility, and for sexual relations. Perhaps the need for independence is instinctual: Just as a normal baby will necessarily rock, then crawl, then stand, then walk, it may be that normal adolescents will necessarily strive to leave their parents and sail out into the world on their own. Another explanation, a psychoanalytic one, is that because of his heightened sex drive an adolescent’s buried incestuous longings toward a parent or sibling are dug up, and out of unconsciously-caused shame he is impelled to leave the roost. In confirmation, one can point out that some youngsters actually recall such incestuous desires. In The Uncommitted, psychologist Kenneth Keniston’s study of alienated youth, he writes that a few young men he interviewed “report confantasies and-or scious incestuous dreams involving their mothers or sisters, which were immensely disturbing; and one had ‘sexual relations’ with his younger sister for a few months.” In his quest for independence, the adolescent may even turn to crime. Indeed, as the president’s crime commission noted, “self-report studies reveal that perhaps 90 percent of all young people have committed at least one act for which they could have been brought to juvenile court.” (In a “self-report” study, people fill out questionnaires anonymously. ) Psychologist Keniston, in his interviews with young men, discovered that when they discussed their stealing or their drunken orgies, they always wound up talking about their parents’ reactions. His conclusion : “A good part of the motiva-
THE %
16
340 the Chevron
tion for such delinquencies must have been to create embarrassment in these subject’s emancipation from their control. ” Despite the sneering attitude that most adults have for teenage dancing, teenage jargon, teenage clothes, and teenage conformity, a few thoughtful people suspect that teenage peer groups are a jolly good thing. According to psychologists R.F. Peck and R. J. Havinghurst (The Psychology of Character Development) : “The peer group provides a basis for learning the major social loyalties.. . .If (an adolescent) enjoys the peer group, he is lilely to approach all groups with the expectation of liking them. Loyalty to nation, to community, ant to a professional or working group probably depends upon the learning of loyalty to the smaller and more intimate groups of the family and the peer group. ” Even the “gang”the very word makes strong men stagger-may have some value. After all, as the crime’commission reported, only 17 percent of a typical gang’s offenses entail violence, and half the violent offenses are committed not against the public but against a rival gang. “Much gang violence, in other words, appears to occur not against strangers but in attempts to achieve or preserve individual or gang status or territory,” the commission states. Perhaps gang members are learning to be statesmen. Meanwhile, Murphy’s law is working merrily away: Whatever can go wrong does go wrong. The male adolescent (who has it worse than female adolescents) suddenly discovers a host of other reasons for thinking poorly of himself. He has nocturnal emissions, sudden erections, normal homosexual yearnings, involuntary indecent fantasies. He discovers masturbation, tries to stop, and fails. Dr. Blaine writes : “Adolescents will occasionally go to dangerous extremes to keep themselves from performing the act, tieing their hands together or knotting the bedsheets in some complicated way to make it difficult or impossible to perform the act. A few suicides have resulted from guilt over being unable to break the habit, or accidentally in the midst of contortions designed to prevent it.” The young Portnoy would have been delighted to learn that nowadays psychiatrists think that masturbation can have all sorts of wonderful side-effects, among them (to quote G.A.P.) that “the prominence of the erection, the forcefulness of the ejaculation, and the tangibility of the ejaculate may.. .foster acceptance of the masculine, aggressive role in relationships with girls.” Next comes the true badge of adolescence: acne. Nothing at all seems to cure it. And “Because acne is readily visible,” G.A..P. notes, “it often serves as a focus for displaced guilt or concern about sexuality or ‘dirtiness,’ as though it somehow betrays one’s secret thoughts and activities.” It’ is no exagger&on that the scientist who discovers a cure for acne will be doing a greater service for humanity than the scientist who finds a cure for cancer. Now, most adults have at least three things going for them that most adolescents don’t have. Adults are independentLthey decide how late they’ll stay out at night, they decide whether to stick at the job they have or leave, they decide where they will live, and so forth. Power not only
tends to corrupt, it also tends to bolster the ego. Adults also have jobs, and most parents and to demonstrate tangibly the jobs give a person a sense of responsibility, a sense of being, capable. Finally, adults have sexual relations, another major source of self-esteem and self-assurance, as psychiatrists have discovered by studying sex-starved soldiers-as if anybody had to prove it. Not all adolescents are successful in finding crutches for their shaky self-esteem-the sixth-leading cause of death in this group is suicide. And, naturally enough, it can be highly dangerous to tamper with any adolescent’s self-esteem. In a small-town high school not long ago, the principal decided to cut two older students down to size, so one afternoon he got a paddle and spanked them-in public. As Professor Friedenberg reports, the two students offered the principal “little resistance; and they accepted his decision that their self-esteem should be attacked-and defended-in physical terms. Later in the afternoon they murdered his wife.”
T
HE rebellious, somewhat disturbed youngsters we have been discussing might be English or French, but most probably they are Canadian. They are certainly not Samoan; in fact, it is highly unlikely that they are members of any primitive culture. For as sociologist Kingsley Davis makes clear, “In other cultures, the outstanding fact is generally not the rebelliousness of youth, but its docility. ” In these other cultures, adolescents get the independence, responsibility, and sex they need when they most need it. As Margaret Mead discovered over 40 years ago in Samoa, adolescence can be a peaceful, joyous time. Western societies, in contrast, are marked by what anthropologist Ruth Benedict called “discontinuities.” When a child reaches puberty, he has only reached the no-man’s-land that is called adolescence. After he passes through a half-dozen of these neither-fish-nor-fowl years he finally receives, out of the blue, independence, responsibility, and the freedom to engage in sex. Whereas in primitive societies, adolescence and adulthood are i. dentical, in Western societies an adolescent and an adult are almost two different species. An adolescent in Canada is not only forced, by law, to attend school; he is also constantly being informed that most employers won’t give him a decent job unless he has a diploma or a degree. Society-in this case, mainly the schools-has brainwashed employers into believing that someone with 12 years of schooling is far more knowledgeable than someone with only 11 years of schooling; that someone with a college diploma is infinitely smarter than someone with only three years of college. And so our youngsters, warned with equal vehemence about the danger of heroin and the danger of being a dropout, go to school longer and postpone their adulthood longer. From 1880 to 1920, the average white American reached only the ’ eighth grade; today he graduates from high school, and has a 50 percent chance of going on to college. The law also insists that adolesc,,ents remain subservient to their parents, and never, never fornicate. ‘According to the crime commission, “more than half of the
OETEtESSION DOLESCENTS
girls referred to juvenile court in 1964 . were referred for conduct that would not be criminal if performed by adults”: -that is, for running away from home, for “ungovernable behavior,” for illicit sexual relations. One-fifth of all boys referred ta juvenile courts committed similar teenagers-beware offenses. In the good old days, if your father was a bully and a drunkard, you could run off to sea; try it today, and you and Huckleberry Finn will be arrested as juvenile delinquents. “Legally,” Professor Friedenberg points out further, “the adolescent comes pretty close to having no basic rights at all. The state generally retains the final right even to strip him of minority status. He has no right to demand the particular protection of either due process or the juvenile administration procedure-the state decides.....” Only recently has the Supreme Court ruled that adolescents appearing in juvenile courts should have the same legal safeguards as adults; up to then, teenage defendants were almost always convicted, without benefit of counsel. Professor F concludes : “In the most formal sense then, the adolescent is one of our second-class citizens. ” In regard to sex, society is very much like Mrs. Robinson: Through its ads, its teen-market movies, it continually tempts; but if you succumb, don’t expect to marry my beautiful daughter. Our society cruelly ignores the fact that the 14year-old of today has unprecedented sexual needs-he is, after all, the 17-year-old of yesterday. “Modern medicine and diet,” sociologist Sherwood Washburn observes, “have accelerated puberty by about three years over what it was in the beginning of the 19th Century.” And yet the leaders of our society scream with real pain when teenagers fornicate and when youngsters older than those pubescent adolescents Romeo and Juliet get married. True, teenage marriages do break up rather frequently, but as education professor Harold W. Bernard pointedly suggests, “some marriages of older persons are tolerated and do not appear in the divorce statistics,” because having married late, these old bags and hags wouldn’t dare get divorced and try finding another mate. Maybe Hollywood actors and actresses get divorced so often for the same reason--with their looks, and money, they can always be sure of finding another partner. In brief, what western society does is to keep its adolescents, along with most black men, mere boys. In the memorable words of sociologist Bennett M. Berger, “Our society has as yet found no honorable, serious, and productive place in it for young persons. ” But at this point the parallel between teenagers and blacks breaks down. Teenagers, unlike blacks, are not just as good as everybody else. Teenagers are betterthey’re the supermen of our society. As psychologist John E. Horrocks puts it: “The second,decade of life usually finds (a person) at his peak in terms of energy, agility, and physical well-being. Intellectually, he is nearing or has already reached the highest point of his potentiality in terms of pure mental power or ability.” Kingsley Davis puts it this way: “In terms of growth, strength, fecundity, and mental capacity, full maturity tends to be obtained only a short time after puberty; but socially the adolescent has a long way to go before full status is reached. ”
And in view of his clear-cut superiority, the discrimination against the teenager is all the more unfair. Just whenhe is at his peaksexually, he must remain celibate; just when he has the most strength and energy, he is given no productive, satisfying work to do; just when he is at his intellectual height, and when his need for power is greatest, he is denied the right to participate in society’s decision-making. Clearly, we cannot curtail the educational process just to let adolescents become independent earlier-we need radiologists, teachers, and engineers. But we could certainly speed up the educational process. And instead of beating our breasts when teenagers become pregnant, we might rebuke ourselves for not having provided them with the latest advances in contraceptives. We might also seriously try providing teenagers with more jobs, part-time and full-time. For it has been wisely said that the most shamelessly wasted resource in America today is the energy of its adolescents.
S
OCIETY ‘S representatives-judges, cops, teachers, etc.are entrusted with the job of making adolescents remain children. It is a tough job. But the overseers of youth in bondage work hard-they’re always on the lookout lest any teenager assert independence or obtain responsibility or, heaven forbid, find a sexual outlet. And just like the overseers of old, these authority figures expect teenagers to be humble and respectful, at the same time that they accord teenagers none of this courtesy. A good adolescent is a good nigger, always looking for your ego while you spit at his. A teenager struggling for self-esteem is an uppity nigger, and in punish: ment he may be sold down the rives, to the Southern plantations. The police in this country tend to treat teenagers and blacks exactly alike: as sworn enemies. As Simon and Garfunkel’s officer MacDougal puts it, “The force can’t do a decent job, ‘Cause the kids got no respect for the law today. ” But the men and women who do the most to humiliate youngsters are teachers. True, there are a few good apples in the bunch, teachers who have pity for their students’ plight and who are watchful of their self-respect. “But the teakher, dean, or probation officer who genuinely sees youngsters as persons of dignity as professor Friedenequal to himself,” berg writes, “is still rather the exception.” Teachers tend to be insecure, conformist people, because they chose an occupation that is familiar and secure, and doesn’t require much education or entail The adjectives that much competition. Professor F uses are “petty, timid, and vulgar-minded,” “compulsive, controlling, and punitive, with no love to lose on any youngster. ” Their attitude toward their charges is similar to that of welfare workers toward the needy: cold, contemptuous, and condescending. As I once heard a junior-high-school teacher say, “Teaching would be fun if it weren’t for the kids.” Only one out of 16 school dropouts had a number of close friends on the faculty, according to Lucius F. Cervantes, S.J. (The Dropout: Causes and Cures) ; only six out of 16 school graduates did. Cervantes writes : “The teacher accepts the student inso-
Warren
Originally
far as he is educable, not insofar as he is a person. The teacher is the representative of a compulsory and determined societal educational system which is bent upon making sure that knowledge makes an entrance-be it bloody or otherwise.” At most high schools, there are rules, rules, and rules. Toilets are kept locked except during class breaks. When a student has to relieve himself during class, he has to obtain a pass to roam the corridors, then find a custodian to unlock the toilet. In other schools the public phones are kept locked, and a teenager needs a note to use one. “There is a regulation,” Professor F also notes, “against couples holding hands, and they are punished if caught by the kind of teacher who hates sexuality in the young. ” High-school students have no dignity, no privacy, no freedom. Once, when Professor F went to the adults’ toilet for a smoke, “a teacher who had been concealed in the cubicle began jumping up and down to peer over the partition and verify my adulthood. He was not a voyeur; he was checking on smoking. ” In Clifton, New Jersey, the board of education decided to check the saliva of all high-school students to find out who was smoking marijuana (no, it can’t be done), so the principal asked the youngsters’ parents for permission. You don’t ask young girls and young men if you can examine their saliva, any more than you ask a toddler whether you can examine his hair for lice. Next, I suppose, the Clifton Board of Education will have a physician check up on all the teenage girls’ virginity. The girls’ parents will be asked for permission, of course. Unthinking obedience and a bland conformity are what the schools want from their students. Any other qualities-independence, vision, imagination, individuality, courage-may just have to sail out the window. Teachers, Professor F main tains, “interpret solitude as unpopularity, intimacy as conducive to getting involved, colorful and original personality as a sign of emotional disorder. ..The animus is directed against those of the young who are too fully alive, too completely realized:.. They are disparaged.. . ” An elementary-school teacher, a woman, once told me what happened when she asked her pupils what they wanted to be when they-grew up. One boy said, “I want to be a bird.” As she gleefully related, she immediately suspected that the boy was a queer and dispatched him to the school psychologist. No doubt by the time that boy reached high school he had learned to stop being imaginative. “What do you want to be when you grow with Batten,UP.7” “An account executive Barton, Durstine and Osborn. ” In short, most high schools are like authoritarian families, and they can be expected to produce the type of youngster that authoritarian families produce. In Society and the Adolescent Self-Image, psychologist Morris Rosenberg writes: “In the authoritarian family, irrational authority is the rule. Rules are followed and orders are obeyed, not because they are inherently sound or correct, but because they are transmitted from a superior to an inferior. The child is treated as lacking in dignity and value; his spirit is broken and he is forced to go along with the will of others. His independence and spontaneity thus tend to be smothered. The result is weakness and worthlessness. ”
0
NE of the very greatest quotations of all time, a classic utterance-that does not, strangely enough, appear in Bartlett’s or in the Home Book of Quotations, was said by an angry mother to her browbeaten adolescent, and overheard by social critic Paul Goodman. Angry mother: “I ask you only one simple thing, to obey me! ” Just as society and the schools insist that adolescents remain quasi-children, so do parents. Last year, when young Linda Marie Ault of Phoenix, Arizona, spent the night with a married man, her enraged-parents decided that, as punishment, she would have to shoot her dog, Beauty. They took the dog and drove out into the desert; they dug a shallow grave; they handed Linda a .22-caliber pistol. She took the weapon and shot herself through the temple. NOW, society and the schools want adolescents to remain students-dependent, irresponsible, and sexless-so they will obtain the skills that our economy needs. Parents have their own reasons for wanting 15-year-olds to be 5year-olds. A hundred years ago, society wanted &year-olds to become farmers and laborrs-and so did heir struggling, physically exhaused farmer- or laborer-f a thers. Nowadays pop has a white-collar job, he lives longer and works longer, and when he retires he collects social security and a pension. So what does he care that junior remains an infant well into his teens? “While a youth may still have some emotional and economic need for parents,” writes psychologist Bruno Bettelheim, “most parents have little emotional need, and very few an economic one, for youth striving to be free of its elders.” But parents do get an emotional charge out of bossing their adolescents around and chewing them out and living their lives for them. Parents and adults in general share a number of reasons for being so down on teenagers. Adolescent energy and spontaneity frighten them. They feel that they are being shunted aside by adolescents, that old age is creeping up on them. And just as sophomores haze freshmen, and veteran reporters make cubs go out for coffee, adults enjoy hazing the youngsters who are soon to join their exalted ranks. Then, too, the skepticism of adolescents can upset adults. According to G.A.P., . “Som,e of the outmoded, ineffectual, and even harmful approaches to life upon which adults have based their lives may be mercilessly exposed by adolescent skepticism. ” A teenager is talking about his parents : “I don’t understand their purpose in life. They don’t seem to be doing anything. They just seem to be living in their own world with their own beliefs. They think they are right in everything.. .I like rock ‘n’roll and they say it is ‘nigger music’... They think they are religious and they think they have high morals. My mother says she has perfect morals and nobody has better morals than she does. She doesnt know the first thing about morals! I disagree with my family’s morals on everything! ” I have saved for the very last the most interesting reason why parents, teachers, judges, cops, and almost every adult in American society has it in for teenagers. * continued. over page
Boroson
published
as In Defense
of Adolescents,
this adapted
essay
i$ from
Avant-Garde, friday
70 October
november 7969 (70:22)
69. 34 7
17
* from previous page
THE OPPRESSION Y~DOLESCENTS
Shocking as it may seem, many adults are sexually attracted by teenagers, and loathe the object of their own shame-ridden desires. The adolescent boy, as Professor F points out, may be a threat to an adult because, “simply by being young, he serves as a stimulus to repressed homosexual feelings in adult males.” It’s the same story ‘with parents. According to B.A.P., “the vigorous, healthy, attractive youngster can be an object of sexual interest to parents, partly consciously and partly unconsciously.. . .Adult intolerance and avoidance of adolescents often serve much the same defensive purposes as does the adolescent repudiation of of the parents.... The overstrictness some parents in trying to curb any sexual experience in their adolescent offspring can paradoxically be accompanied by seductive, sexually stimulating parental behavior which excites the very emotions the parent is at pains to proscribe.. .For example, a father may share the bathroom with his teenage daughter in the morning when they both are clad only in underAnd Sophie Portnoy may garments....” play the femme fatale to her son Alexander.
T
HE adolescent in western society, to sum up, is taught and trained to be obedient. He is rarely entrusted ‘with any responsibility. Sexually, he is supposed to be a eunuch . And then, in a deafening clap of thunder, in a brilliant lightning flash, SHAZAM! . .. . when the smoke clears we see that he has turned into an adult who never needs anybody’s help but can work without supervision, an adult who can be given any task to perform and because of his supreme selfconfidence will do his job superbly, an adult who is a veritable stallion in bed with his wife. Sure. “As adulthood approaches,” G.A.P. reports, “difficulties in adjustment are likely to confront the adolescent who has been too stringently inculcated with attitudes of dependency, obedience, and abstinence from- sexual behavior ; particularly when the criteria of success-in adulthood are independence, self-direction, assumption of responsibility, and sexual performance.” And there we have it spelled out to the letter: Portnoy’s complaint. Instead of worrying our heads off about the small number of juvenile delinquents, over the small number of teenagers who use heroin, we really should be worrying about the majority of teenagers who will never make it as autonomous adults. Just as the mark of oppression on blacks is a deep, abiding sense of inferiority, the mark of oppression on today’s teenagers is a slavish obedience, a deep-seated gutlessness. As an adult employee, he expects to be mothered, to be given special sympathy; he hates working without supervision, and gravitates to a large corporation where he can be a happy, faceless cog in the wheel. In society he plays follow the leader, taking -his opinions wholesale from other people. At home, he may find that sex with his wife is not nearly so pleasant as autoerotic activity with the fantasized damsels of his adolescence, or he may find that the virgin he married is as frigid as the snow queen. This is what the Gallup poll has to report about today’s teenagers: “Our typical youth will settle for low success rather than risk high failure. He has little spirit .of adventure. He wants to marry early-at 23 or 24-after a college education. Be wants two or three children and a spouse who is ‘affectionate, sympathetic, considerate, and moral ’ ; rarely does he want a mate with intelligence, curiosity, or ambition. He wants a little ranch house, an inexpensive new car, a job with a large company, and a chance to watch TV each evening after the smiling children are asleep in bed. “He is a reluctant patriot who expects nuclear war in his time and would rather compromise than risk an all-out war. He is highly religious yet winks at dishonesty. He wants very little because he has so much and is unwilling to risk what he has. Essentially, he is quite conservative and 342 the Chevron
cautious. .He is old before his time; aimost middle-aged in his teens. ” Remember what novelist Edward Bulwer-Lytton said in the 19th century-that in the lexicon of youth there is no such word as “fail”? He had never met today’s teenagers. During the Korean War, according to the defense department, “roughly one out of every three American prisoners in Korea was guilty of some sort of collaboration with the enemy.” These prisoners simply transferred their obedience to their new bosses-as did the Peublo crew, almost to a man. It would have been fun if on the Pueblo, among the obedient sailors, there had been the likes of Abbie Hoffman and H. Rap Brown. You think they would have signed confessions so obediently? And yet it is just the H. Rap Browns and the Abbie Hoffmans-individualists and leaders of men-who are held up as bad examples for today’s teenagers. Be like David Eisenhower instead-obedient, quiet, God-fearing and parent-fearing, conservative in everything, and as dull as dishwater.
C
OMES the revolution, younger teens will be having passionate love affairs. Any teen who accidentally becomes a family man or a mother will be encouraged to remain in school. Any teen who wants a meaningful, important parttime job will have one for the asking.- Any teen who just can’t stand school will be allowed to drop out. The power that parents have over their youngsters will be reduced, by law, and any youngster who runs away from home will be allowed to remain away from home-and his parents will be obliged to pay him alimony. , But until a hundred summers pass, we can expect pretty much of the same. In the meantime, before the real revolution comes, we can do something to ensure that it will be a small one. Even if the discontinuities remain, even if most teenagers are kept submissive, powerless, and sex-starved, we can do something to make their lives a little less miserable. Just as we gave black people integrated schools as a consolation prize, we could institute a “rite of passage” for all our adolescents, a dramatic symbolic act that would tell adolescents that they are now, technically, adults, and they have all the rights of adults-an act that would tell judges, cops, teachers, and parents that these young men and women are just as grown-up as they are. Professor Horrocks points out, “One of the clearest distinctions in the treatment of adolescents as between primitive cultures and those of the west is the absence, in western culture, of a definite ceremonial line of demarcation that separates childhood from adolescence. ” Western society does have its rites of passage, but there are too many-it’s a mishmash. At 12, a boy pays full price at the movies; at 16 or 17 he can get a driver’s license ; at 18 or 21 he can drink at a public bar; at 18 he can be drafted; at 21 he can vote. And because there’s no clear-cut rite of passage, Horrocks writes, “the individual is never quite secure in the early days of his maturity (adolescence), for his maturity has not been recognized and people’s behavior toward him is inconsistent. His position is frequently anomalous: he is treated as an adult sometimes but not always. ” Make no mistake: just as a sexual revolution was inevitable, just as a collegestudent revolution was inevitable, just as a black revolution was inevitable, we are going to have an adolescent revolution. The years of schooling are increasing, automation is making jobs for teenagers scarcer and scarcer, and our youngsters with all their vitamins and drugs are getting ever more physically mature. If society doesn’t redress this miserable situation, our teenagers will. Indeed, the vague anxiety that most adults have about’ adolescents today is akin to the vague anxiety of antebellum whites fearful of a slaves’ rebellion. It only remains to be seen how violent the inevitable adolescent revolution will be.
Political Science Union .
ELECTRIC
II Rentals with ownership option
drop into
campus
center
Special Student
rates
Open Daily
A till 5: 30 pm
-STANDARD
lWEWRITERS
#
Lease - Service S. CM - IBljA New models
the RAPROOM for amsweps Or questions in the
- PORTABLE
Or,Eg
rented
.
1968
OUT”~~~‘Rf
68 Queen St. S. at Charles,
In the pages of history
Kitchener
.
A year ago this week, students decided at a general meeting to picket, the abortive Habitat 69; and freedom parking-student council’s attempt to have all parking on campus on a first-come, first-serve basis-flopped because the majority of students decided to obey the admin s parking regulations. An attempt to distribute to highscholers a special edition of the University of ’ Guelph’s Ontario, resulted in arrests for trespassing; and Enginews appeared on campus. PP and P’s mock-up of a Habitat room was delivered anonymously to the campus center from the basement of the library, and federation’ president Brian ller made a major speech in the campus center telling the students where it was at. Annes I, which housed the federation office, Chevron and health services and which at one time was the entire University of Waterloo, was torn down; and student council demanded the admin turn over the campus center to the federation and oust director Paul Gerster:-
In a memorandum to provost Bill Scott, federation president Brian Iler pointed out that historically the campus center was a project initiated by students who began a fund for its construction. The fund was turned over to the administration in 1963. Iler quoted from a report written by Gerster in may 1965 when he was administrative assistant to student council: “A federation board of managers, including faculty and administrators, could be established .
and provide representation of all university interests which may take the center as their focal point. ” Responsibility for the campus center is now with the office of student affairs. Council feels the center is in present fact the students’ building. For this reason Iler asked that Gerster be out of his office by yesterday. This deadline has been extended until tuesday, when council holds its next meeting.
*
1967 A front-page story related the cancellation of the Pozo Seco singers for homecoming, and Villagers decided to hold a referendum on the new constitution. Chevron photogs and reporters were measuring miniskirts of the library staff and columnist C.D. Martin told of the rumor of the Che GuevaraS death. After a rough year, the Co-op began planning its Phillip street project; and Renison college led the residences with plans for tenth anniversary week action. One Of the editorials exemplified the rah-rahalma attitude of the Chevron people:
What is tenth anniversary week? It is a student-organized program to show what has been accomplished in this corner of Waterloo that was still farmland in 1957. The week should show several things. First, the administration should see what students can do
when given the responsibility and money. Second, we can show the more sedate institution down the street that we try harder. Most important, the people of the Twin Cities should have their eyes opened to the gift horse that so many have been looking so disdainfully in the month.
1966 Universal accessibility to a university education was the issue, and the Uniwat tiddleywink association held a winkathon. Admin president Gerry Hagey allowed village residents to have members of the opposite sex in their rooms on sunday afternoons from 2 to 6, and Gord Lightfoots planned coming to homecoming made first paw. The free tuition (universal accessibility) referendum was editorialized:
Univac means, in essence, the principle that university education should be accessible to any student with the academic qualifactions. If you have the ability you get the chance-whether your father was a millionarie or a miner. But few people would deny a university education to a person with ability. In fact, men like John Porter, author of The vertical mosaic
contend that it is an absolute necessity for Canada to educate its people to the maximum if it wishes to keep its high standard of living. The real problem is discovering how to ensure that the talented student has an opportunity to go to university. The present system is not doing the job. Some qualified students are not getting to university.
1965 -GREAT NEW SHAPES IN LEATHER FROM ZfiCKS If look-ahead perfection, clear purpose and lively outlook ring your bell, this is your season at Zacks . . . and this may be your coat . . . impeccably tailored leather’in celery green with zip-in liner . . . luxurious in detachable snow-top fox fur $190.00 . . . it’s color unlimited in leather and suede this season . . . &veethem all soon at the Zacks nearest you . . . prices start at $120.00 . . . bring your credit card, you’ll be glad you did.
DOWNTOWN ... 745-9114. .. 9-6 DAILY . .. FRIDAYS TO 9
FAIRVIEW PARK . ..576-0710. .. WED., THURS., FRI. TO 9 :30
Grads began contributing student activity fees to the federation of students, and John Diefenbaker visited Waterloo Lutheran. Brian ller, civil 2A. wrote to the editor of the Coryphaeus the maiden Chevron protesting the fact that the traditional gray university jacket is no longer available; and the federation 3 student-activities board held its first meeting. The Coryphaeus was having P.R. problems then, too:
Getting out a paper If we print jokes we’re silly. If we don’t, they too serious. If we use stories publications, we’re write them ourselves. If we don’t, we’re own stuff.
is no picnic. . If we make changes in the people say other fellow’s writeup, we’re too critical. say we’re If we don’t we are blamed from other for poor editing. too lazy to Now, like as not, some guy will say we swiped this from stuck on our another sheet. We did. fh’day
70 october
7969 (70:22,J
343
1
’
FitmBya NewDirector”\ 1CANNES FILKFESTIVALWINNIR!“&st -
feed jack
CONTINUOUS DAILY I:30 pm 1 Ieature times at I:50 - 3:49 - 5:49 - 1 7:49 - 9:49 p.m.
asked
Federution subsidy
“BEAUTIFUL
AND HORRIFYING!” Parents Magazine “Will knock you out of your seat” ABC -TV “Remarkable!” Seventeen “A Major movie”! Time IN COLOR
i?!TERFONDAaDENNIS HOPPER WlNNEF?!3ACADEMY 1NCLUDlNG
BEST ACTRESS
AWARDS KATHARINE
HEPBURN
Entertainment
. Prices - Reserved performance Mat. Adults $1.50 Student $1.25 Evgs Adu Its $2.00 Student $1.50 TICKETS NOW ON SALE -
Continuous from
CONTINUOUS
I:30
p.m.
from
I:30
*,,,,BARBARA HERSt@f, RICHARD THOMAS, BRUCE DAVISON weCATHY BURNS
20
20
344 the Chevron
pm
film
to
resume
club
There is a club on campus which during its meeting shows film of international repute. Last year, I believe, it was run by the creative arts board and subsidized by the federation of students. At its last meeting the club was informed that this year the subsidy has been withdrawn and consequently (a) it will be run by the university extension service, (b) membership rates have gone up, thereby reducing the membership as many have been discouraged to join. I would request the federation of students to resume the subsidy. True, it may argued that the federation of students should not subsidize it as together with student members, the club also has a significant number of nonmembers-namely faculty and staff. But then if the federation does decide to subsidize the club, it could be within the so-called democratization of the university whereby it does not matter what the status of the individual is, as long as he is a member of the University community as a whole. True also, that as a recreational feature only a small number of people are interested in this, but I am sure that there is no activity on campus in which everyone is interested. Thanking you indeed sir for the use of your column. R. SHINGHAL grad math Cheerleader argues for pursuit
Daily
of
of
happiness
I am writing to comment on the article “after all, if the cheerleaders do it. ..” (26 September) written by Anita Levine. I found the article offensive not only because I am a cheerleader, but also because I am interested in the feminist movement. Miss Levine’s attitude is not to mention disappointing biased, because she seems more interested in vicious attacks on fellow females than in constructive criticism. I was gratified by her remark that none of us had any class-that’s fine with me, I’m in favor of a classless society anyway. Her interview (if it can be called that) lasted about 3 minutes and her undisguised sarcastic negative attitude made it impossible for us to make any serious attempt at defending ourselves. I go out for cheerleading because I enjoy it. I don’t think there are any high ideals involved, so I won’t waste time and space arguing for them. What I will argue for is the right of the individual to the pursuit of happiness. I have never been an athlete nor on any competing athletic team, but at least as a cheerleader I can feel more actively involved in the game than if I’m brawling in the stands. I do not feel that I am flaunting myself on the field and if Miss Levine finds bulky sweaters and short skirts sexually arousing, then it is her attitude towards the human body that is disturbing, not the engineers. She suggested that we wear jeans instead of skirts, but it seems to me that this would only be another step towards losing the To date, feminine identity. skirts are about the last vestige of our individuality as far as
Address letters to Feedback, The Chevron, U of W. Be The Chevron reserves the right to shorten letconcise. ters. Those typed (double-spaced) get priority. Sign it - name, course, year, telephone. For legal reasons unsigned letters cannot be published. A pseudonym will be printed if you have a good reason.
m
appearance goes, so I’m sure Miss Levine wouldn’t want us to lose that as well, would she? I am not attacking Miss LevI ine’s cause ; on the contrary applaud it; however in the future I hope that she can be more positive in her attitude, rather than alienating the very people who could be her allies-the females on campus. DONNATEE WEBER english 2 Bring and-or
back
villiage
highschool
dances girls
Up until a year and a half ago before food services and-or the campus center was open, the Village held dances almost every weekend to which the highschool girls and-or nurses were invited at little or no admission. Now the Village holds few dances through the term since there is no need of competing with food services and the campus center. But the events at these latter buildings invariably include a pub. Proff of age had to be shown to get in either area up until this fall. Naturally this scared away all the highschool girls and some of the nurses. The trend now is to separate the two areas with proof of age required to get in the pub area only and no exit from here until one has finished one’s drink. But the highschool girls don’t know this. They’ve still got the impression they have to be 21 to get in a university dance. Advertise! Tell them its all right to come back. The girls at this university for the most part prefer to sit home on weekends and study and-or watch the tube and-or play cards. That’s their bag. But if any girl within 15 miles of here wants to go to a university dance, let her in, for the boys’ sake if nothing else. After all, aren’t these events held to provide a little enjoyment rather than to make money? If the latter is wanted open a pubcasino and let everyone blow their student awards and-or and-or their student awards their minds. IAN HARRIS Chemistry 2B Human affected
rights committee by COPS report?
not
I would like to clarify some things regarding the resignation of Battye and Cubberly from the human rights steering committee. They knew, as did the other committee members, that the business of the committee was to find some equitable and just process by which allegations of violations of human rights made by anyone on this campus could be investigated, and the results of such investigations made known to the appropriate authorities. As envisaged, the process would neither provide for punishment, nor set up disciplinary rules; that would be left entirely in the hands or those who * received the information the process provided (presumably civil legal authorities or university officials). Strictly speaking, then, Battye and Cubberly resigned from a committee which had nothing to do with discipline over a report dealing with discipline. Their action on this level appears to be nothing more than a political ploy aimed at fanning the flames. However, it must be understood that there was considerable l
interest within the committee in the possibility of turning accusations of violations of human rights over to a conciliator supplied from outside the university, for scrutiny. This procedure has the distinct advantage of avoiding the suggestion that a university committee might be biased toward preserving the image of the-university in such cases. The presidents’ working paper, though dealing specifically with discipline, espouses the point of view that matters of discipline should be handled within the university first, and only turned over to outside authorities as a last resort. If this working paper can be taken to mean that in behaviour problems general, arising within the university should not be referred to authorities outside the university as a matter of standard procedure, then it does conflict, at this more general level, with some of the sentiments of the steering committee on human rights. Should such a point of view become policy, there could well be a clash between it and the recommendations of the human rights committee. If Battye and Cubberly resigned to protest this possibility, their resignations are not pointless. My sympathy with their actions, however, would be complete only if the final report of the steering committee was ignored on the grounds that it countered some university policy to the effect that behavior problems must be dealt with within the university. Now that they have made their point, it is incumbent on them to help in finishing the work of the committee, in order that we might all see if their suspicions have any basis in fact. My own opinion is that, whatever happens to the presidents’ working paper, it will have no effect on the outcome of the steering committee on human rights. JIM VAN EVRA philosophy prof Trivial Chhron
nitpickers accuse of nitpicking
And we thought the K-W Record was bad. In the past few weeks we have noticed a steady deteriation of content in the Chevron editorials. Basing the level of hurricane damage and deaths entirely on a country’s political and economic beliefs (editorial - socialism adapts to nature) is quite naive. The Chevron need not resort to ridiculous and farfetched examples to prove a point for socialism. Surely other non-political and non-economical factors are more relevant regarding hurricane destruction. In the latest edition; one-quarter of the front page was taken up with inane bantering over whether or not the university’s enrolment was 10,500 or 11,000. And in addition you wrote an editorial on it. Is the Chevron’ that hard up for editorial material? The Chevron devoted three times the coverage the Gazette had in regard to an insignificant point for no other purpose than to make a derrogatory remark against the Gazette (ie. administration >. Last march the Chevron’s special supplement boasted on it’s front page “everybody talks about the weather. not us”. Stick to that policy, please. DAVID BURKETT math 2 B JAMES HILL planning 3
_
Address
letters to Feedback, The Chevron, lJ of .W. Be The Chevron reserves the right to shorten lettyped (double-spaced) get priority. name, course, year, telephone. For legal reasons unsigned letters cannot be published. A pseudonym will be printed if you have a good reason.
Color prejudice indicated in pay of foreign grads This is an open letter to the faculty of the chemical engineering department: Dr. Spink and company: I am a foreign graduate student in chemical engineering. When I had decided to join this university, after seeing the very attractive brochure you brought out, I had thought that a group of people so academically distinguished must also be enlightened in other ways. Unfortunately, I was mistaken. After I first reached Waterloo I found that my stipend would be substantially less than that of the students whose skin is not as dark as my own. I found that this was the case with most of the non-white foreign students. Don’t you think it would have been only fair to have informed us about this before we left our countries? Do you adopt this policy because you think that the non-white student is in any way intellectually or academically inferior to the white students or is it because you know that once they are here thev are stuck with you because it is not very pragmatic to go back home half around the globe without having accomplished what they set out to do? I defy ,you to prove that the showing of the non-white students academically has been any poorer than that of the white students. If there is no difference academically, then why this disparity? How do you justify that in a group where people are academically equal (and in this case only that counts), some are comfortably off whereas others are paid much less? Is it because of the color of our skin? Incidentally, I have only praise for the white students who are with us and it has been a privilege to know them. I am using a pseudonym for reasons that should be obvious. A FOREIGN STUDENT grad them eng Safety is main factor, lying is irrelevant Being a member of a group called frosh may render my views but after reading unimportant, an article in the September 30 edition of the Chevron, headlined “suspensions are in order” I was almost sorry to say that I was a student at this institution. Never before have ,I read a more childish outburst of garbage. The problem concerned is in the process of being solved but the writer of that article stuck to a small point that the officials said nothing three could be done. Is it not more important that safety be the main factor and that steps are being taken to provide safety than grovelling in dirt trying to sling mud at the administration? With articles such as that, I can almost agree with the new proposed restrictions of the presidents’ council. Why don’t you work on something constructive instead of being such shit disturbers. ROBERT CURRER arts 1 One of the most constructive things that could be done in this institution would be to rid it of bureaucrats who put their own plush careers ahead of the wellbeing of the people they are supposed to be servinq. Nothing would have been done if the officials concerned hadn’t
been prodded. That they said nothing could be done, and the fact that nothing is likely to be done about the less-immediate deadly hazards on campus’ is proof enough that the ChevronS concern is more than shit-disturbing. AS for your comment about the presidents’ discipline proposals, are you advocating censorship ? -the lettitor
Female and
and ID bullshit and garbage
psychsoc
After having attended the series of four lectures entitled “love and sex on campus” and having observed the male-femal ratio at these lectures (approximately 16 to 1) I can only conclude one of four possibilities regarding the female portion of this campus. 0 The apron strings are still so tightly tied that any mention of sex or love sends you all scurrying into your dormitories. @ The female element on campus feels they already all-knowingly possess all the information in the area of inter-personal relations of a sexual nature. l Females are so far beyond males on this campus in these areas that any dialog could not possibly be of any consequence. e Or finally that the girls here are simply too lethargic to initiate an action as radical as attending these lectures on their own steam without the aid of a date. I would however like to add (in all fairness) my sincere thanks to Charlotte von Bezold for making the sessions somewhat less than a complete male monolog. Furthermore I would like to add my comments regarding the bullshit with the ID cards at the campus bookstore. I think it is just thatalot of bureaucratic bullshit. I mean whoever heard of making people show an ID card to get into a place for the privilege of paying up to 20 percent more on books than at other places? Furthermore, I would like to recommend the psychology society meetings to other first year psychology students as a marvelous example of ego-tripping, doing your own anarchy thing, and generally meeting a group of seemingly intelligent people. Lastly, I would like to say the garbage-thing in the campus center is really sad for two reasons. Everyone from the KKK types on campus to the RSM seems to have a general philosophy of live-and-let-litter. And secondly, there simply aren’t sufficient numbers of garbage pails around. BERNIE MOHR psych 1 He asks for less blatant biases in fuvor of RSM Incredulous as it may appear your lettitor had the gall and arrogance to tell your readers in your last issue what is and what is not humor. More generally you have in the past told your reader that he is often wrong and the Chevron is more than often all-knowing on the pressing social and political issues of the day. And I am not referring to the sole incident of last week, but to your whole editorial policy. What in heaven’s name do you take your readers to be, a clump of immature unthinking children? What an insult to the intelligence of everyone of your readers at this university. 4
What
on the
Read
the
Accept the plain fact that people who read the Chevron have minds of their own and can decide what they can and cannot accept. Although complete editorial objectivity is not an attainable goal, journalists should always seek to approach this goal. It is not easy, it is a struggle in the search for truth, but the effort is well worth it. Selectively sifting the news for facts in sympathy with your own position can hardly be considered a search for truth. Why don’t you try to make your biases and prejudices in favor of the RSM a little less blatant by providing us with the other side once in a while. That is, present the news factually and let the people decide for themselves who is right and who is wrong. One cannot heln but wonder if the editor of the Chevron is afraid to print the feelings of the administration because many of the uncommitted students might be swayed the wrong way. Painful as it may seem, listen to the others for a change, lend an ear to the voices of those critical of your own views. That way both opposing parties are likely to learn something from each other and the chances for real progress through cooperation and conciliation are that much increased. Peonle will always think and act differently, and God forbid the day we should all think alike. Only children think that they are right and everybody else is wrong. So grow up. DONALD SIMMONS poli-sci and psych 4
Campus
Gazette
and
is going you’ll
on? know.
special girl we can help you make the choice. Our great collection includes the traditional and the modern.
If you measured, you would probably find as much of the administration-s side printed in the Chevron as there is in the Gazette. Certainly the Chevron is larger, but the admin puts out the Gazette for the sole purpose of putting out the establishment line. -the lettitor
Pear shaped
stone
$379
More janitors
needed in center, not fewer radicals Last year when the administration was taking care of our campus center, it was a pleasure walking in there, sitting down and talking. Now that there exists a liberated radical campus center, the place is a mess and that’s a nice word for it. One has to watch out where one sits; pickles are strewn all over the place, popcans scattered left and right. What are we paying our $22 for? To have a garbage dump? When are the radicals going to learn that it isn’t as easy as it sounds running a campus center. I demand that we get some return for our $22-in the form of a clean campus center, PAUL KERKHOVER biology 3 This matter does not directly concern the Chevron except that we have to wade through the garbage to get to our offices. The cleanup problem has nothing to do with radicals or the federation of students (or the $22 fee). The administration undertook to provide all regular services (such as janitorial) while the campus ten ter board (with faculty, staff and student reps) was to make policy. One of the board’s policies, stated several times, is that the administration provide sufficien t janitorial services. -the
M.SX.%.!.Y.? WW~~ Diamond wm --. c-x-..-.-.---__-_ fc!iEGL.
m--Of 0wp -<ey wp
Solitaire
$275
Exotic
orie~;l
design
course you can charge it on our convenient -...-r......X-. . payment plan! -
a ki%zz
.a
*m
Remember Your Big\ 10% Student D,iscount Stores in Galt, Guelph, Kitchener, St. Catharines and Brantford
151 King West, Kitchener
744-4444
lettito;
friday
70 October
7969 (70:22)
345
21
Ho Chi Minh’s moderate
petition for peace in 1919
“Since the victory of the Allies, all the subject peoples are frantic with hope at the prospect of an era of right and justice which should begin for them by virtue of the formal and solemn engagements, made before the whole world by the various powers of the Entente (Allies) in the struggle of civilization against barbarism. “While waiting for the principle of national self-determination to pass from ideal to reality through the effective recognition of the sacred right of all peoples to decide their own destiny, the inhabitants of the ancient Empire of Annam, at the present time French Indo-China, present to the noble Governments of the Entente in general and in partitular to the honorable French Government the following humble claims: “1) General amnesty for all the native people who have been condemned for political activity; 2) Reform of Indo-Chinese justice by granting to the native population the same judicial guarantees as the Europeans have, and the population the same judicial guarantees as the Europeans have, and the total suppression of the special courts which are instruments of terrorization and oppression, against the most responsible elements of the Annamite people; 3) Freedom of press
and speech; 4) Freedom of association and assembly; 5) Freedom to emigrate and to travel abroad; 6) Freedom of education, and creation in every province of technical and professional schools for the native population; 7)Replacement of the regime of arbitrary decrees by a regime of law; 8) A permanent delegation of native people elected to attend the French parliament in order to keep the latter informed of their needs. “The Annamite people, in presenting these claims, count on the worldwide justice of all powers, and rely in particular on the good will of the noble French people who hold our destiny in their hands and who, as France is a republic, have taken us under their protection. In requesting the protection of the French people, the people of Annam, far from feeling humiliated, on the contrary consider themselves honored, because they know that the French people stand for liberty and justice and will never renounce their sublime ideal of universal brotherhood. Consequently in giving heed to the voice of the oppressed, the French people will be doing their duty to France and humanity. ” -sent by Ho Chi Minh to Woodrow Wilson at the Paris peace conference, 19 19
Vietnam government did not invite U.S.-combat troops General William Westmoreland’s spring report allows speculation that in 1965 the United States put combat troops into South Vietnam not at the request of the Vietnamese government but on its own initiative. Also, the Saigon administration, while allowing the troops in, tried to keep them in the sparsely-populated areas and away from the cities. When the truth becomes known, it will probably show that the U.S. ‘ ‘Americanized” the war in 1965 because it feared Saigon’s last civilian government (overthrown
in june 1965) might make peace. On may 12, senate foreignrelations committee chairman William Fulbright asked the state department whether it had any record of a formal request from Saigon for U.S. combat troops. He received a reply dated september 2 that he made public in the senate September 12. The department’s reply was verbose and evasive, but nevertheless revealed that after four months of search it could find no such request. -I.
F. Stone
If the war was a Ialr one, Thailand would be bombed P
An entire nation is being destroyed and the tempo of destruction has increased A
The human situation today in Vietnam is worse than it has ever been. An entire nation is being destroyed and the tempo of destruction has increased. One-third of the rural people of this rural nation have become refugees. Hundreds of thousands of acres have been defoliated, countless villages have been razed. B-52 raids alone have torn 2% million holes 45 feet in diameter and 30 feet deep-holes that serve as breeding grounds for malarial mosquitoes. More tons of explosives have been dropped on this tiny country than on all the axis powers in world war 2, and with every month the loads are bigger and the bombs heavier. The countryside has not been pacified; it is less secure in 1969 than it was in 1965. Even the major cities, though ringed with fortifications, are vulnerable to attack. Quaker workers report antiAmerican feeling has never been so intense. The Thieu-Ky government is a military government propped up by American power, despised and corrupt. Freedom of speech is suppressed. No one knows how many Viet-
22
346 the Chevron
namese political prisoners languish in Vietnam’s prisons, but the figure is certainly in the thousands and includes univer-i sity professors, religious leaders, lawyers, students, newspaper editors, politicians-anyone who has dared to advocate political initiatives to end the war. Many of the leading figures in the Saigon government fought for the French against their countrymen. It is not hardware or training that is lacking in Saigon’s armies. It is will. A Vietnamese dressed in the peasant garb of the NLF is one of the world’s most formidable fighting men ; the same man in the uniform of Saigon is one of the poorest. Why? Because one believes he fights to drive the foreigner from his soil while the other fights only to sustain the power of a corrupt military, clique.
As the only foreigners in South Vietnam, the U.S. and its allies have nothing to negotiate but the rate and manner of their withdrawal. There will be suffering and turmoil if the U.S. leaves. Withdrawal does not mean that justice will be done. But whatever happens will in our judgment be preferable to going on with the present agony that is literally destroying Vietnam, undermining our own domestic social fabric, and_ damaging our -try’s name in the world community. Every day sees the armed forces of the world’s most powerful nation raining bombs and chemicals and napalm on the rice fields and bamboo hunts of one of the poorest and most defenseless. -from a report by the American friends service committee
Nixon will not be affected WASHINGTON (GINS)---Nixon said September 26 he expects continuing opposition to the war on campuses and elsewhere. “We expect it,” he said. “However, under no circumstance will I be affected by it”
l
One aspect of that “contingency plan” with Thailand has not yet been explored. The “plan” was drawn up in 1965. That was the year Thailand allowed the U.S. to begin bombing North Vietnam from Thai bases. That was, by any normal standard, an act of war on Thailand’s part and invited retaliation. Imagine what we would do if Canada lent its air fields for enemy bomber attacks on the U.S. ! If the Vietnam war were not so one-sided and North Vietnam had a real air force, those Thai bases would have been blasted immediately. Or if the Soviet Union or China had intervenced with planes or troops, one of their first target would have been the Thair bases from which North Vietnam was being bombed. This is what Thailand risked and this is why we had to promise aid against external “‘aggression” and to nail down the promises in a secret agreement. Those who wondered what Nixon was talking about in Bangkok when he stressed our common traditions with Thailand-what traditions could there be in common between an ancient Oriental despotism and a modern democracy?-now have their answer. Both take grave risks of war without letting their people know what they are doing. -1.F.
Stone
‘Puff the magic dragon’ as victims see it down below “Several of us went to the roof about 3 a.m. The Americans unleashed the terrifying ‘Puff the magic dragon, ’ a DC3 that spews forth 5000 machine gun bullets a minute. Watching it circle overhead last night I could visualize the scene below. Men, women, children and animals, caught like rats in a flood. No place to hide, no way to plead their case of innocence to the machine in the sky, no time to prepare for death. “Sitting behind the others on the roof I felt tears welling up and was shocked as I became aware of feelings foreign to my
conscious self, which surfaced under the indescribable strain of watching man slaughter man en masse. The cold, mechanical compassionless way that monster circled around, ruthlessly pursuing an unseen enemy, stabbing viciously earthward again and again, probing, searching, killing and maiming all in its path...We have survived, but a lot of Quang Ngai people didn’t make it. And a lot more who are now clinging to life over at the hospital will not make it until morning.” -letter from Quang Ngai.
a Quaker
worker
in
A strange way to cut back While Nixon is telling the world that he is cutting back on troops Vietnam, draft calls are up 70 percent over the same period last year. 1969 1968 20’000 june 25,900 15’000 22,300 My 18,300 august 29,500 12,200 29,000 September 13,800 29,000 October TOTAL 79,300 135,700
in
.
Amerika’s prayer by Ian Boyden
Gentle Jesus, bless each bomb We drop today on Vietnam And keep our helicopters safe From natives they fly low to strafe Lord of Life, increase our skill To build up added Overkill, And let no pacifist decry The stronium-90 in our sky. Heavenly Father, we entreat Let no one sell the Cubans wheat, And grant us power to chastise All insubordinate allies. Holy Spirit, give us grace To win the guided missile race, And help our scientists amass Vast arsenals of germs and gas From further dwindling, Lord, preserve Our ever-shrinking gold reserve, And we beseech Thee, come what may, Let overseas investments pay. The world’s most upright Christian land We ask these blessings at Thy handBe Thine the glory, Lord on high, When women weep and children die.
Amen.
napalm reprinted from the Chevron, 9 december 1966
Summary of the moratorium group’s plans The activities on Wednesday will take place as follows : Marchers should gather in front of Kitchener’s city hall at 9am. After a thirtyminute session of speeches and music, they’ll set off on King street towards University. Anybody with a car who can drive people from the campus to the city hall should cruise the ringroad at about 8: 30 am. People needing rides should hitchhike on the ringroad at that time. All women with children who wish to participate in the march should gather ‘at Waterloo square at 10:30. There will be folk singing and speeches until the main group of marchers arrives, which should be about 11: 15. The two groups will continue on down King street to University, then along University to the campus center, where a teach-in will be in progress. Having children on the march, with pictures of napalmed Vietnamese babies and signs saying, “If this were Vietnam, this kid would be fried,” is a very effective statement, and all mothers are urged to participate. All marchers are reminded to bring a sandwich to eat along the way so there won’t be a mad dash for the liberation
lunch counter when the marchers the campus center.
r
reach
The teach-in will start at about Ilam in the campus center, and continue until midnight. A film, The war game, will be shown during the day. Speakers will present informed opinions on the Vietnam situation, and panel discussions will be held. Walter Klaassen, who teaches the history of warfare at Conrad Grebel college, will speak on the causes of the war, and C. Morrison, American history prof at Waterloo Lutheran will present his opinion on the motives and effects of the war on America and the world. Other speakers will present information on the Canadian contribution to the war, and discuss ways of effecting this contribution with a view to ending the slaughter of the Vietnam,ese people. Local politicians and members of parliament will be approached during the week to speak their views on the war. “We’re going to contact (Waterloo MP) Max Saltsman and a few draft resisters, and possibly someone from a socialist diplomatic delegation,” said Ron Lambert, one of the three professors who first requested support at a faculty meeting last week. “There will be an
information table where pamphlets outlining the effects of the war will be available, and a photo and poster display to illustrate visually the horror of this i war. ” This moratorium is an attempt to break the inertia, the apathy that permits us to ravage an independent country, to interfere in the affairs of another country with disastrous results. Those who say that Canadians are not involved should ask how many of the industries here in the K-W area produce goods that kill Vietnamese. Though we
might not have an army in the swamps of Vietnam, our industry provides material for the war, and some of your neighbors are accomplices in what history will term one of the blackest epochs of our time. The stranglehold of silence must be broken, and the people of this community must be made aware of their complicity. Come out on Wednesday and do your part to get the message across. If no one says anything, get done, and the slaughter indefinitely.
nothing will will continue
Canadian
University Press (CUP) member, Underground Syndicate (UPS) member, Liberation News Service (LNS) and Chevron International News Service (Cl NS) subscribers. The Chevron is published tuesdays and fridays by the publications board of the Federation of Students Content is independent of the publications board, the student (inc.), University of Waterloo. council and the university administration. Offices in the campus center, phone (519) 578-7070 or university local 3443; telex 0295-748: circulation 12,500; editor-inchief - Bob Verdun. Getting along fine without the Rhetoric and Struggle Myth: Andy Tamas, John Pero, Nigel Burnett, Jim Klinck, Allen Class, Una O’CaIlaghan, Andre Belanger, Alex Smith, Tom Purdy, Renato Ciolfi, David X, dumdum jones, Pete Marshall, David Hart, Jeff Bennett, Brian Soucie, Paul Lawson. No tuesday paper next week so we have time to catch our breath. Don’t forget journalism 99 44-100 on saturday 18 October.
friday
10 October
1969 (10:22)
347
23
Lemmings to the sea... It’s hard to knock charity-the another is essential to any society. But the desperately
basic
desire
proponents of charity are often to reactionary views of society.
of one
man to help
hypocritical
and cling
The local community capitalists had to be prodded to have an audit and publish their budget, and they refuse to discuss publicly any questions of whether the goals they always meet are high enough to support all the agencies that must rely on charity. And then there are the community capitalists on Uniwat’s board of governors who expect the students and the workers to contribute to their university, while the board members’ companies give a mere pittance to what is really their university. ’ But ordinary charity work like car washes and shoe sane and human compared to the sado-masochistical called the miles for millions march. Sponsors getting more
pay according to the distance satisfaction in a direct relationship
Marchers much money
of course push it is worth.
themselves
further
shines is activity
walked, apparently to suffering. depending
on how
The whole thing has a parallel in industrial society-in planned obsolescence where capitalists make more money the faster they design the products to fall apart, and in the weapons industry where waste makes profit. According
-Dave
X, the Chevron
to the
march’s
people who are aware and proceeds go). They will come themselves.”
organizers,
the
participants
“will
be
care about overseas aid (where the to show their awareness by giving of
The same goes for the working man who puts nut A on bolt B of auto Y that will fall apart in six years. He is aware only that he has to make a living, and he has to givk of himself to do so. Miles for millions marches would be harmless if they were lust fun (which they are). But the implications for the society are extreme. Ignored is the fact that the basic rules of the system are the cause of the unemployed and working poor at home and the starving abroad. Charity-no matter how large the quantity-will never solve those problems. Like spending millions to put a man on the moon, history may well view the sending of society’s children on futile treks around the countryside in the name of humanity to be nothing more than lemmings rushing to the sea. ’
24
348 the Chevron