volume
10 number
40
LoyoIu
stumbling
MONTREAL (CUP)-Approximately 1200 Loyola students watched quietly as the college’s english department was laid to rest in the snow in front of the campus chapel. The burial of a plain, black coffin in front of the Loyola chapel followed a funeral procession - around the campus lead by members of the english department and students carrying crosses. A student eulogy over the was followed by an “grave” oration delivered by Donald Theall, chairman of the english of McGill univerdepartment sity. Friday evening, the protestors the administratrooped from tion building to the jesuit residence of the catholic campus
where they burned a puppet sized effigy of administration vicepresident Jack O’Brien, believed to be central to the firing decision. O’Brien had returned to Loyola that evening from a communication conference held in Bermuda, but forewarned of the demonstration he spent the night in a nearby motel. Immediately after the mock funeral ceremony, the students voted to continue the sit-in in front of administration president Patrick Malone’s office as part of an effort to prevent the purging of 27 Loyola professors from the english department. The sit-in began Wednesday with 50 students, to demand the recall of letters informing the 27 of non-renewal of contracts
in
wake
at the end of the winter term. 200 students are now sitting in. The english department, crippled by the firing of the 27, suffered another blow with the resignation of the chairman, A. G. Hooper, who said the purge made his position “intolerable”. , In a press release Malone accepted Hooper’s resignation and suggested that Hooper leave the college entirely. it extraMalone “considered ordinary and even illogical that Hooper would intend to remain a member of Loyola’s teaching staff. ” “The fears you expressed are such, it seems to me, that you would not want to be affiliated with Loyola in any way,” Malone said. Faculty resistance with the
of 27 firings department consists of withholding Christmas examination results. They also intend to advertise in Canadian and U.S. academic journals, urging academics to avoid Loyola. Neither students nor faculty appear ready to accept Malone’s explanation that the professors were released to “up-grade academic standards” and to adjust to an anticipated reduction of enrollment at Loyola next year. Approximately 1000 students booed Malone at a four-hour meeting Wednesday af ternnon, when he could not produce statistic proving any expected decrease in enrollement. Students also pointed out that many of the dismissed f acuity already hold PhD’s. Students and faculty claim the firings are to remove many of the professors who openly supported a three-day student strike in mid-October. The strike failed to achieve its goal of binding arbitration by the Canadian association of university teachers in the firing of S. Santhanam, a Loyola physics prof fired without reason last year. A CAUT investigation team
Pfovincial possibility Will the PPandP’s decision to locate a skating rink in front of the jock building mean that we will be deprived o,f our annual tractor sin king in Laurel pond. 7 Other years, the ice has failed to hold the tractor that plows off the snow at the traditional site for the campus skating rink
habitat
220
vacancies
Residence fees will go up next from an accumulated profit of year-from $515 to $550 for sing$38,000 from the past 5 years les and $490 to $500 for doubles. plus a budgeted (only on paper) Ron Eydt, who as warden of $SO;OOOsurplus. ” residences is responsible for the The planned surplus was to budget and administration, said, have been used to build new res“The residences should be self idence for the Habitat tutors. sustaining. A november report “The accumulated profit and calculated a 310-bed vacancy for estimated surplus, $98,000 minus habitat this year with an approxthe net deficit $85,000 leaves a imate loss in revenue of $151,900.” $13,000 surplus,” said Eydt. “With the savings from not As of last tudesday Habitat servicing the vacated residence, has had a 220-bed vacancy. the net deficit will be approximThus four houses had to be closed. ately $85,000. Eydt said the vacancies could “The net deficit would be met be for two reasons:
Integrated
raise
studies--procedures
by Ken Fraser Chevron staff
Integrated studies-the brave new experiment in unstructured democratic education may be on the point of floundering. “Trouble is brewing in integrated studies and the pot is going to boil over this week,” says Mike Corbett, a student in the program. Corbett, a member of the six-man management committee (four students, two resource persons), is quite vocal about the shortcomings of the program. “Integrated studies is supposed to be an experiment in education. The only thing new about it is the name,” he says. But other students, who show no interest in rocking the boat, also say the program has not lived up to its promises of student participation.
fees
“student loans are minimal and students can’t meet accomodation costs ; l a small number of co-op students fail.” Eydt said that he wasn’t aware of any students leaving because of the rooms. “I think single rooms are best for privacy but everybody says we can’t afford them. When the Habitat design was announced last year, mahy students criticized it for the unappealing nature of its double rooms. l
The concept of integrated studies was proposed last year by arts prof Don Gordon “to foster and facilitate integrated interdisciplinary approaches to higher education, to provide alternative ways of acquiring the substance of higher education and to incorporate a high degree of shared authority and responsibility among participating students and faculty.” The program started last september with an enrolment of 30 students (and three resource persons. On november 5 the management committee decided to temporarily freeze admissions. This left enrolment at 55 students and three resource persons. Original projections were for 75 students and six resource persons. Much discontent centers on the decision to close admissions. Corbett says Jack Gray, an integrated studies resource person but also associate
and
eventually began hearings on the Santhanam affair in early december but the . team received no support from the Loyola administration, which refused to testify. A preliminary report of the CAUT findings is expected to be it could released - next week: possibly recommend 1the blacklisting of the college by the organization, which represents most Canadian academics. The continuing Loyola crisis -one of the most drawn-out in the history of Canadian universities, with at least seven sit-ins to its credit-is expected to result in an exodus of staff from the institution regardless of the eventual outcome. English department vice-chairman S.C. Russell also resigned tuesday, and said that unless the administration decision is reversed he will teach elsewhere this fall. Three other professors followed suit with similar condition resignations, while two more revealed they would leave even if the administration discontinued the crises. Four other faculty have said they were seriously, leaving Loyola.
h7tervention at Loyola
MONTREAL (CUP)-The Quebet government may decide to intervene in the current crises at Loyola College, but government officials would make no definite announcement until they had consulted with the Loyola administration. The possibility of provincial intervention-probably through a government commission of inquiry-arose last friday from a private meeting between Yves Martin, provincial deputy minister of education, and four Loyola professors. Following the meeting, Martin said that Quebec’s department of education considers “the issue at Loyola a serious one that deserves our attention But Martin will make no decision until he confers with Loyola
goals
dean of arts and in charge of the program, ‘refused to discuss the matter and stated admissions were officially closed? But a sizable group of students are interested in having admissions reopened, says Corbett. . At a general meeting of integrated studies in December Gray said that there were not enough resource people to reopen admissions. He mentioned a fear that the admissions committee would be swamped with applicants and the research of faculty members would suffer. Jan Williams said a number of people who might benefit from integrated studies might fail or drop out if admissions remained closed. Corbett said that integrated studies was not moving ahead fast enough and that opening admissions would probably bring in some creative ideas.
under
administration president Patrick Malone-who unexpectedly left for Texas last Thursday. Malone is not expected to return to Loyola until today or tomorrow. The meeting with Martin was arranged by the association of Loyola professors, formed in the wake of administration firings of 27 faculty on the grounds of “upgrading academic standards” and preparing for an anticipated decrease in Loyola’s enrollment next year. Appointment of a government commission may have long-lasting effects on the future of Loyola Martin is said to favor a union between the college and Montreal’s Sir George Williams university, with the eventual aim of reducing budget estimates for the two institutions.
fire
In another december meeting several students pushed for a democratization of integrated studies. They wanted changes in the structure of meetings and voting procedures. “These changes are absolutely necessary if any decisions are to be made, ” said Ross Bell. Corbett says these matters, still unresolved will be the subject of a general meeting to be held in the next few days. Will that meeting be a major step in the formation of a direction and a goal for the young educational prodigy which seems to have been born with an permanent identity crises? Or is integrated studies our local version of the Company of Young Canadians which will be smashed when it begins to challenge the establishment which created it as a salve for its liberal conscience?
This week in the sandbox
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Dining, bedrooms, -desks, bookcases, Teak and Walnut
27
Canadian week with
culture dominates the entertainment scene this an all-Canadian pop festiva/ at K-W auditorium, The Band in concert at the university of Guelph, and a slide show of Canadian sculpture in the arts theater. Other items of interest include: TONIGHT - Juicer’s week at St. Paul’s begins with a pub in the campus-center. TOMORROW - Math weekend kicks off at 7pm with two movies, Casino royale and Rosemary’s baby in AL 116. THURSDAY, FRIDAY AND SATURDAY at 8.30pm, Stagger inn finds a home in the campus center pub featuring The trol/ey, Tropic night and Whiplash, in that order. THURSDAY - a slide show of Canadian sculpture in the arts theater at 3.30pm. Students, faculty and staff are asked to rate the artists by ballot as one will be commissioned to create something for the courtyard of the new humanities building. FRIDAY - The Band in concert at the jock building, University of Guelph at 7pm and 9pm. Tickets available at Kadwells, Colonial Record Shoppe and Creative arts box office. annual banquet Sleighbells SATURDAY - Math weekend’s and sentiment starts at 6pm with a sitdown dinner. Dancing continues till lam to the scintillating sounds of Ellis McLintock. - Phase III entertains in food services from 8.30pm ‘to midan all-Canadian rock festival night. - The Stoned session, runs from 1.30pm to midnight at K-W auditorium,. featuring Lighthouse, McKenna- Mendelsop “&lainline, among others, and the Collectors. Tickets are selling at $3.50. This will be McKenna Mendelson’s last appearance as the group is breaking up due to personal hassles. ALL WEEK - Sixty years of Picasso, at Uniwat’s art gallery until January 18. LYRIC (124 King street, Kitchener, 742-0911) Butch Cassidy and the sundance kid is an entertaining western comedy starring Paul Newman and Robert Redford. Although the plot is non-existent and there is hardly enough skin or gore to sustain today’s sophisticated audiences, the movie is fun and a big hit. FOX (161 King street east, Kitchener, 745-7091) Fanny Hill is probably one of the worst movies to hit town in quite a while. It’s the modern Swedish version of John Cleland’s classic about a sweet young thing enticed into a life of not so unenjoyable sin. If this film is any indication, Sweden is about as sexually swinging as a brownie camp. CAPITOL (90 King street east, Kitchener, 578-3800) The mad room is a cheapie movie sharing a double bill with The pendulum, a George Peppard detective thriller. The latest Elvis Presley movie A change of habit is due to open tomorrow. Our hero doesn’t get to sing all his hit tunes in this one, which tries hard to be socially significant. ODEON (12 King street west, Kitchener, 742-9169) On Her* Majesty’s secret service is just another James Bond thriller. George Lazenby replaces Sean Connery as the indestructible 007, who overcomes the usual insurmountable odds to thwart yet another nefarious scheme to conquer the world, assisted by beautiful Diana Rigg. WATERLOO (24 King street north, Waterloo, 576-1550) Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice is a sharp satire about two modern, but basically square, couples (Robert Culp and Natalie Wood, Eliot Gould and Dyan Cannon) who try desperately and with hilarious results, to be with-it in this age of T-groups, wifeswapping and the pill. FAIRVIEW (Fairview Shopping plaza, Kitchener, 576-0600) The reivers is an enjoyable movie version of William Faulkner’s last book. It recounts the exuberant adventures of an amiable farm hand (Steve McQueen), his black friend and a 12 year old boy who set off to see the world in a “borrowed” car.
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Last Thursday the warriors “played” their annual farce with the Waterloo Lutheran golden hawks. The warriors have never played well on Lutheran’s home ice and this year was no exception. From the opening play it was painfully obvious that the warriors were not interested in playing hockey, but instead thought they could win on the strength of their press clippings. Lutheran had other ideas and played an emerging outstanding game, with a 3-2 upset. The hawks controlled play throughout most of the game, tenaciously and forechecking throwing numerous body checks. The large ice surface of the KW auditorium seemed to bother the warriors and as a result their skating and positional play was entirely inadequate. This, coupled with a total lack of forechecking, meant that the warriors were continually beaten to the puck and left standing around. Throughout the entire game they. had incredibly few good chances to score, while the Lutherans unloaded a barrage of pucks at Ian Scott, one of which knocked him flat. The hawks took a 2-l first period lead on goals by Bob Seager and Barry Irwin. Ken Laidlaw scored for the warriors, with assistance
Chance by Ted Pimbert Chevron
play
staff
Over the years the fans at certain universities have developed unique responses to their athletic teams which have become traditions at the schools. For example, the Texas longhorns’ fans displays the now famous “hook ‘em horns” (bull shit) sign. Queen’s students are known for forming a kick line for the singing of their school song after every touchdown. It seems time for some kind of tradition at Waterloo. One new suggestion for uniwat is that the crowd stand and rhythmically applaud the team from the time the team is introduced until they have scored their first basket.
Mustang Brent Imlach jkils in an attempt to deflect a pass into the warriors’ empty net from Ian McKegney. When Roger Kropf tied it up early in the third period it looked like the warriors would pull it out of the fire after all. Five minutes later, however, a Waterloo defenceman was caught out of position and allowed Doug Tate to break in on a two on one with Phil Lepan. Lepan
shot a perfect pass to Tate and with- one quick snap the game was all over. The warriors pulled goalie Ian Scott near the end but never really threatened. It was simply a case of too little too late. It seems that from time to time every good team gets carried away on cloud nine, and
to start b-ball The Western game tomorrow seems to be a good time to initiate the suggestion. The participation of the crowd in showing its support will heighten the spirit of the basketball team and install a sense of identification with Waterloo athletics. Indications are that waiting for the first basket will not be long, especially if the warriors start off as quickly as they did on Saturday night, when they opened an early 14-3 lead. The lead was, however, short lived as highly-rated McMaster went on to win 87-83. (that’s only four points in a game at the Mat court and some rate then number one in the nation. ) The contest was marked by a
Pati1 Bilewicz: heat, shoulders and chest abolle the masses
that it takes a humiliating defeat to bring them back down to earth. Fortunately this was only an exhibition. The warriors have had an extremely good season so far and can be excused for having a bad game now and then. It’s just too bad that it always happens when we play Lutheran.
tradition
great Waterloo comeback that fell. short but proved that the warriors should be in for a winning season. The first half started excitingly for the small group of Looians who turned out for the game as the warriors jumped to an 11 points lead with some good shooting and a tenacious defense that made marauder shooting erratic. The good things ended, though, and Mat took control of the play for the last 15 minutes, outscoring Waterloo 45-23 during that time to take a 48-36 half time lead. Turnovers hurt the squad as at least four times in a row during the period violations or errors gave Mat the ball, which they immediately converted to points. In addition, the marauders had a very successful zone defense which seemed to lead to a W’aterloo panic. Every man had his hands up on defense to prevent the pass through the zone and Kieswetter and Laaniste were unable to drive into it. Hence, the warriors were forced to take longshots that were close, but not in, which puts the worry back into being close. Leading scorers in the first half were Laaniste (13) and Kieswetter (11) for uniwat and Jeff Daw (13) and Paul Mazza (9) for McMaster. The warriors almost pulled off a remarkable comeback victory in the second half thanks to some outstanding performances by several warriors. Waterloo did tie the game at 81-81 but they couldn’t take the lead, which could have been the psychological lift that might have won them the game. Bilewicz and Walt Lozynsky controlled both boards for uniwat but again had a lot of trouble converting offensiverebounds were into tip-ins. The warriors also hurt several times by the
Mat fast break which nullified good’ scoring plays by the warriors. Paul Bilewicz had an individually outstanding performance. Not only did he score 12 points, but he did a terrific job on the boards in getting 14 rebounds. Walt Lozynsky who was equally good rebounding had much trouble hitting his shots from the floor, as he appeared to shoot from slightly too far out. Jaan Laaniste, playing with a badly sprained back, still scored 32 points for the game and Kieswetter had 18, to be the leading scorers again. For McMaster, Mazza was the big scorer with 22, Daw had 15 and Mark Waugh had 14. No one was too thrilled with the refereeing as the officials were really sticky with their foul calling. Unfortunately they had two fast, aggressive teams walking slowly up and down the court to shoot foul shots. 51 foul shots were awarded to Mat, 38 to uniwat. Again the story of the game was some bad warrior shooting from the foul line and the floor. <They shot about 30 per cent from the floor and a lot of shots came off close-in rebounds. On defense, the warriors could take a lesson from the marauders and put their hands up to screen passes more often. Like Colgate toothpaste, it’s been proved and approved as effective in 9 out of 10 clinical tests (coaches clinics of course). Warriors were 12 points down with five minutes to go on saturday and came ,back to tie it up with a great effort. That comeback should give them some belief in themselves as a team that can win this year. The game here on Wednesday may see the beginning of two things; a tradition and a winning streak. tuesday
The hockey warriors rebounded from Thursday’s upset loss in grand fashion by trouncing the Western mustangs 8-2 before a near capacity home crowd. Western was very much “up” for the game and came out charging. Throughout most of the first period they concentrated on checking the warriors, trying to disrupt their dangerous pass patterns and hoping to wear them down with physical battering. The superior skating and positional play of the warriors proved to be too ‘much and before the period ended Waterloo held a 2-O lead on goals by Ken Laidlow and Dave Rudge. The second and third periods saw Western’s strategy fall apart - partly because they were forced to go more on the offensive. Rick Bacon led the way with three goals, followed by singles from Savo Vujovic, Dave Rudge, and Greg Sephton. The mustangs took advantage of a slight warrior lapse late in the game and scored two quick goals. Brent Imlach capped a fine solo rush with a blazing slapshot from the blueline that seemed to bounce off goalie Jim Weber’s shoulder into the net. Heasman, outstanding for the mustangs, scored the other Western goal. This was perhaps the roughest home game of the season, as reflected by a total of 22 penalties. In a game that was such a team effort it is hard to single out stars. Ken Laidlaw played a fine two way game and scored a pretty breakaway goal. Dave Rudge and Rick Bacon put in solid efforts and had he been a little more polished, Roger Kropf might have had several goals. The defence, led by Ian McKegney, proved to be extremely efficient, breaking up many Western plays with fine bodychecking and clearing the puck to the forwards with surprising ease. The warriors now embark on a series of six road games, commencing with an exhibition encounter with Bowling Green this Friday night. The next league game is against Windsor this Saturday at 1.00 PM.
Grapplers
win
The warriors wrestling team extended their record to five wins and one loss this weekend when they won a dual meet with Toronto and Windsor. They beat the blues 27-13 and the lancers 29-12. Six of the uniwat grapplers won both of their matches. Pat Bolger, Jack Walinga and George Saunders again were outstanding, each winning both of their matches with pins. Jim Hall had one pin and another victory by decision.. Don Petrie and Wayne Gontier also had two ‘wins each, one of Gontier’s on a last minute comeback. Heavyweight Craig Telfer split in his two matches, both of them by decision. Bruce Gibbon, Doug Elliott and Wim Verhoven lost their matches. The team, under coach Ed DeArmon, is definitely going to have a great shot at the OQAA championships and there is yet to be seen any opponent who can handle the likes of Bolger, Hall. Walinga and Saunders. The team is at home on tuesday for a scrimmage against an unannounced opponent. The meet will go at about 7: 15 tonight. 13 january
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St.
studies
Students in arts can now get a degree without taking a major. Senate approved last month non-major general studies programs for the arts faculty, . The basic feature of this program is that students will not be required to choose a major. For a degree in general studie‘s a student must have 15 ‘credits, half of which must be above first year and half of which must be in arts. Also .two courses have to be from class A (humanities and languages) and ‘two from class B (social sciences). The program is for students who don’t want to specialize in a major subject _ but would rather take a general offering, said arts deputy dean Marvin Brown.
approved “I suspect many people in integrated studies, those who are taking regular courses anyhow, should be in this program,” he added. Jack Gray, associate arts dean for undergraduate affairs, who is responsible for the new program in arts said t,hursday six students had already transferred into the program and he expected two to three dozen more. But Brown said there were probably many more in first and second year who would go into the program next year. However any third year students who wish to take a generalstudies degree should see Gray immediately.
Federation president nominations open today
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OF OPPORTUNITV
Nominations for president of the federation of students opened yesterday and one possible candidate rumor says is Gerry Wootton, currently a science rep on student council.
policies are ucate people. known cliche only way to is through stated.
Wootton, who was chairman of the board of publications during John Bergsma’s presidency last year, stated Sunday, “I have thought about it quite a bit, but haven’t come to any conclusions. ’ ’
Wootton added that people can be involved by “pushing them into doing something to help somebody else”.
He said the structure of t.he federation is inefficient and that the BSA (board of student activities) should work independent of the federation! “The federation wastes a lot of time talking about the weather Wootton said. “It spends money on policies instead of social change. It spends too much money on ego trips like films and speakers. ” He does not agree that such
TORONTO (CUP)-York University lost its third and last nominee for administration president thursday when A.D. Allen withdrew his name because he opposed the presidential-selection procedure. The withdrawal of Allen, dean of the faculty of arts and science at the University of Toronto, is a direct challenge to the York board of governors’ insjstence on keeping most of the power to choose a successor for retiring president Murray G. Ross. Alien said he believes York’s new president should be chosen by a committee representing all parts of the university-faculty and students, as well as the academic senate and board of governors. The decision came only three days after the withdrawal of John Saywell, dean of York’s arts and science faculty. Saywell also attacked the selection procedure and said that the academic senate should have “the preponderant voice” in the selection of a new president. 1 SPEED READING
I 692 the Chevron
He also claimed that the board of education is a source of great potential for the federation, but that its role is being underplayed. “It spends its time giving money for others to do its work.” he said. Larry Burko, who ran unsuccessfully in the last three said, presidential elections, “If there is an acclamation, I will run. ” The election ruary 3.
will
be held feb-
Third York presidentid nominee drops out
I 4
necessary to ed“There is a wellthat says that the create awareness involvement,” he
For information call at Federation of Students office or phone ext. 2405.
Under present procedure. the board would not be bound by a vote of senate-made up of faculty and a few students-on the new president. Allen said this procedure “failed to take into account the needs of all parts of the university.” With no presidential nominees left, the board can reconstitute the search committee to find candidates who will accept the present selection procedure, or change the procedure and invite new nominations. In the second case, Allen and Saywell are expected to be renominated. Saywell and Allen were both nominated by a presidential search committee in December. A third nominee, McGill University viceprincipal (academic) Michael Oliver withdrew shortly after his nomination was prematurely revealed in the Toronto press.
The use of force Please The
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The
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You
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Is how
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believe force change
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John
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_
IMPORTANT Staff Meeting
TONITE - 7:OOpm to discuss
Former Chevron editor, Bob Verdun, defends himself against allegations of non-democratic Sta.ff looks on, with former editor Stewart Saxe at the extreme left. decision-making.
the direction
T
of the paper
\ NEW STAFF WELCOME
Staff discontented
,Chevrofi by Graham Sutherland (former Math Medium editor) Special to the Chevron
Chevron staff problems boiled over last week and led to a Canadian University Press investigation commission and the resignation of Chevron editor Bob Verdun. The CUP national office called the commission ) .af ter receiving a petition from *Chevron staffers asking for an investigation into Verdun’s competence and requesting proposals for changing the federation’s procedure to dismiss an editor. Verdun resigned friday morning with the stipulation that the commission meet regardless. The CUP commission met friday and Saturday and recommended that a staff meeting be called immediately to decide on what basis the paper is to continue this term. Commission chairman Ron Thompson, CUP vicepresident, said, “The commission can’t tell people how to relate to each other.”
Abortionist
editor
quits
The other commission members were Al Cipryk, former editor of the McMaster Silhouette and vicepresident of CUP’S Ontario region, and Brian Clark, photographer for the K-W Record. The commission heard oral submissions from about 16 staffers and ex-staffers and received three written submissions. The recommendations of the commission will be forwarded to the Federation of Students next week. Bob Epp, news editor and one of the originators of the petition, said, “The petition was the only way we had to fire an editor.” Under federation bylaws the editor can be dismissed only as directed by CUP, while the principles of CUP state that an editor can only be fired by the people that appointed him, in this case the Chevron staff and student council. Many staffers said communications between Verdun and themselves had broken down completely and that the com-
in demand
Abortion and birth-control ex’ pert Bill Baird has been in popular demand here since he appeared at the Canadian University Press national conference at the Village two weeks ago. At least half a dozen people tried to reach Baird by phone after he’d left the conference. One man said his situation was desperate. Another girl said, “I must see Bill Baird, it’s an emergency.” The conference’ committee has received one letter and several phone calls in the last week. Most callers said they heard of Baird through stories in the commercial media about his conference activity. Baird, a crusader - cum martyr from Long Island and, New York has devoted his life to birthcontrol education, abortion referrals and fighting archaic laws concerning both in Canada and the United States. He is director of the Parents’ Aid Society, Hempstead, Long Island, New York, a volunteer clinic active in birth control and abortion referrals. In his crusade Baird has successfully challenged laws in New York and New Jersey. But he has been convicted in Massachusetts for “crimes against chastity” and faces a prison sentence. There is a warrant for his arrest in Wisconsin for displaying birth control paraphernalia. He was- smuggled out of the state by students to avoid arrest. During his lectures to the conference Baird stressed ignorance as the biggest cause of unwanted pregnancy and death during or after abortion, especially at universities. “Obviously birth control is largely a problem of adolescents and young women who
practice birth control inconsistently, or not at all,” he said. The McGill birth control handbook reports that 300,000 Canadian women seek abortions each year. It says 10,000 die at the hands of quack abortionists-or themselves: They are victims of blood poisoning, air and fat embolisms, piercing of the uterine wall and subsequent hemorrhaging. Baird gave two lectures during the conference. He explained birth and illustrated various control methods and devices. As well, he explained how safe each method was and pointed out side effects. He said that it was best to combine two methods of birth control at all times, e.g. the pill and contraceptive foam. He said his clinic had never pregnancy where experienced the couple combined two methods.
Democracy
mission was needed to clear the air. Verdun said he would have “respected the staff wishes with respect to his editorship” and that he had indicated this at staff meetings. The main dispute rose out of the staff’s feeling Verdun was making all decisions and suppressing staff democracy. The situation was aggravated by the steady dwindling of the staff, and the high promotion of inexperienced staff. Personality clashes added to growing discontent. Former Chevron editor Stewart Saxe addressed the commission Saturday and accused people of “avoiding issues”. He felt that they should be investigating the role of the editor-inchief, and what happens to people in that role. The staff, he said, should reevaluate their reasons for working on the paper and decide what they felt the role of the paper should be. He noted that similar problems were occurring with other CUP papers. Thompson concluded the proceedings by stating that he couldn’t see how a decision made on the type of evidence. presented to the commission could accomplish anything. The commission decided not to rule on Verdun’s competence but rather to work out structural changes. Although few papers had gone as far as the Chevron in instituting democratic structures, Thompson said, he knew of others in CUP that had achieved a greater amount of staff independence. He congratulated Verdun ‘on the high quality that the Chevron had maintained despite its difficulties. As the commission adjourned the atmosphere of bitterness and conflict had changed into one of reconciliation and cooperation. The Chevron staff meets tonight in the Chevron office at 7 pm to discuss the operation of the paper for the next four months.
in sculpture
All members of the university community are being invited to take part in a strange form of campus democracy thursday at 3:30. Barry Lord, nationally known Canadian art critic, will show slides of representative work of 15 Canadian sculptors in the humanities theater. Those in attendance will be given the opportunity to’ rate the artists on ballots so that I.&. timately a work can be commissioned for the humanities courtyard. One piece, a potential winner, is presently on view in the campus center. The work, entitled fittingly enough The sun newer sets, was created by Jersey Niedojadlo.
Ladies & Gents Join -The Gang AI’s University
At i
Billiards
King & University Hot Lunches
I
and Drinks
4!fNIVERSITY ILLlARDS
confesf
Many rave reviews have been pouring in to the federation office from all parts of the country. “Out of sight” said the Western Cattle Breeder’s annual Turn of the Decade supplement. “A monument to taste and beauty. Our campus could use this type of inventiveness” Howie Petch president pro tern might have blurted, had he seenit. The works of art committee is hoping to find a work which will reflect the . tastes of those who spend such a large part of their lives on this campus. “No work of art can possibly be acceptable to everyone,” says the committee’s poster. But at least those who are present thursday will have an opportunity to add to the general consensus. tuesday
13 january
1970 (10:40)
693
5
I
\\
N THE COURSE of an academic year, I lecture at a different university at least once a week, more often twice. On the basis of conversations with students, faculty, and administrators throughout the country-and my own observations-I am convinced that those most resistant to fundamental changes in the American university are the tenured professors, the ones who have “made it” in the system and therefore oppose basic changes in it because they are, after all, the system’s resplendent products. Protected for life through the sanctity of tenure, they cultivate their academic gardens-many of them quite tiny and specialized indeed. Are the students dissatisfied? Is the university out of touch -with the needs and frustrations of the surrounding community? These are transient squalls to most tenured professors, for they know that only death, retirement, or assassinating a member of the board of trustees can ever threaten their security. Changes, to be sure, are taking place in some colleges and universities; but in the vast majority of those institutions of “higher” learning to which rapidly growing numbers of the young are headed in the decade to come, the curriculum is static and largely outmoded, the anachronistic lecture system prevails, and the student remains a container to be filled with what division chairmen and senior faculty have decided he needs to be “educated.” Again and again, I have heard of thwarted plans for authentic student-initiated independent study, for really breaking through “disciplinary” boundaries in restructuring courses, for working together with community groups to liberate the resources of the university. In the way of these changes have stood the tenured faculty, among them division chairmen, who have the essential decisionmaking power. Again and again, I hear of and meet young, untenured faculty who, with students, have been energetically involved in formu1atin.g such changes. Some, besides, have been active with students in protests against the war, against racism, against university insularity. Repeatedly, it is these faculty members who do not get tenure because the ones who have already made it regard them as exacerbating, as “unprofessional,” as disturbers of the peace of the university. The rigidity, moreover, of faculty bureaucracy is beyond parody. An example: I was invited to give a freshman orientation lecture at an eastern school, located in a black ghetto. Until this year, the school’s admissions policy had functioned almost as if there were no ghetto at all surrounding it. But finally, after disruptive protests the preceding spring, a markedly larger percentage of black students were to be admitted. A few days before I was to arrive, a new faculty member wrote me that there were some things I ought to know if I didn’t want to walk into an ambush. The faculty committee that chose me as speaker, composed mainly of tenured professors, was all white. The black students had not been consulted. But now the black students insisted on having their own speaker as well. The faculty committee, having already made its decision, was reluctant to give the black students’ speaker any time on the program and they certainly wouldn’t pay him anything. All funds for freshman orientation day had already been allocated. I called up the man on the committee who had first contacted me and proposed that my fee be split in half with the speaker whom the black students had selected. “Sounds like a fine idea,” he said. Some vestigial instinct about the nature of the senior faculty mind prompted me to make another call the day before I was to come. “You’ve told the black students what I suggested,?’ I said to my original contact at the school. “Well, no, we haven’t,” he said. “Why not?” “Well, you see, we have no procedure by which we can communicate with them.” “How about the phone?” I asked. “You don’t understand. There is no precedent for changing the program in this way. Nor is there a precedent for consulting a particular group of students about the nature of the program. ‘7 “OK. You either tell the black students what I’ve suggested or this will be the subject of my freshman orientation lecture.” I didn’t take any chances though. I got the name of a leader of the black students, called him directly, told him what was going on, and my proposal turned out to be not so impossible to implement after all. Two weeks later, at another school, I was told of
6
694 the Chevron
z-
a carefully worked out plan to bring a sizable number of the “underachieving” young people in the local town, white and black, into the college. It would require considerable extra work by faculty, but there were young teachers willing to do it. And it would require changing a number of the college’s venerable admission rules. The man who had worked out the design is a member of the administration. In his thirties, he is an energetic, knowledgeable educator, familiar with THE WORK ron) and
OF Edgar Friedenberg,
John
Holt (Chev-
other figures who are subverting the “conventional wisdom” of professional education. “When does it start?” I asked him. “It may not start at all,” he said. “The senior faculty is very suspicious. This sort of thing has never been done here before. Some are also afraid it might make them do more teaching ‘than they like to do, and teaching with unpredictable, sometimes quite forceful kids. My only chance is to convince the senior faculty that for them nothing will change. Their fiefdoms, their prerogatives will remain exactly as they are. But the odds are against us.” You don’t have to take my word concerning the degree to which tenured faculty are a massive obstacle to change. Their obsession with precedent-and their own manifold deficiencies as teachers-pervade the literature of criticism of the academy. And I don’t mean only the radical critics. Clark Kerr, for example, writes that “few institutions are so conservative as the universities about their own affairs while their members are so liberal about the affairs of others; and sometimes the most liberal faculty member in one context is the most conservative in another.. . .The faculty member who gets arrested as a ‘freedom rider’ in the South is a flaming supporter of unanimous prior faculty consent to any change whatsoever on his campus in the North.... (And) when change comes it is rarely at the instigation of this group.... (The faculty)
cards for tenure. Or, as Jacques Barzun puts it in The American University: “On the dizzy heights of the academy, projects abound;- few are sufficiently criticized. They are full of wind and water, much too overwritten to be seen through -a ten-line summary would destroy them.” What we have-exceptions admitted-are tenured mandarins. And once they ha& become members of the elect, they continue to pursue the life style which has already rewarded them with a lifetime job. Here is another nonradical voice from the academy. Ronald Bergethon, an executive committee member of the commission for the independent colleges and universities: “The truth is that research is a very convenient pretext for the professor who does not want a full teaching relationship to his students. Research can be a form of withdrawal. It is a form of professionalism in which the scholar cultivates his colleagues rather than his students. He seeks for information to enhance his standing as a specialist-instead of exploring with the students their capacity for contribution.” Administrations are indicted, as they should be, for some of what’s wrong with the academy, but the fundamental flaw is that real educational control is held by tenured faculty who chronically oppose changing what is comfortable for them and who also don’t give much of a damn about teaching at all. It is their fastnesses of power which have to be overcome if the university is going to be basically concerned with the needs of students -and not those of mandarins. It is tenure which so far makes this power unassailable. It is tenure which prevents accountability. This past September, Yale president Kingman Brewster focused on accountability. He did not believe, he said, that a university president should have the equivalent of tenure and he proposed instead that his own leadership of the university be reappraised in 1971, at which point he will have served for seven yeers. “Accountability is what we should be striving for,” he added, “and if accountability is to be real (there has to be) some regular, understood process whereby reappraisal of the competence of administration and the community’s confidence in it can be undertaken without waiting for a putsch or rebellion.” But if the administration ought to be accountable for its competence, how can any less be expected of the real power in the university-the tenured f acuity?
T
ENURE FIRST CAME about as a protection for professors so that they would not be arbitrarily fired for saying or teaching “unpopular” things. Or arbitrarily fired for any other reason. But now -there are other sources of protection in this regard. If an administration does indeed show contempt .for human and faculty rights, the combined power of the association of university professors, the rapidly growing federation of college teachers, the various professional societies (now coming tinder the control of younger, more libertarian men), and the civil liberties union can make it exceedingly difficult for the offending university to get first-rate faculty. Sanctions can be imposed, and furthermore,- just the spreading of the baleful news will cut off the supply of high caliber faculty whose presence is necessary for the continuance of the university’s accreditation. But what of those regions where the yahoos in the state legislature have the power to cut off the funds of state universities which employ faculty of “subversive” views and intentions? Even the possible loss of accreditation may not curb these troglodytes. It seems to me that when the atmosphere is that inimical to the most basic tenet of education-freedom of expressionsanctions have to be sustained until those universities sink to the common denominator of the howling legislators. If by that point the people have not been aroused to demand real universities, they will have been left with what they obviously want-extensions of the prisons they call high schools. And mobility now being habitual to the young, students will go to colleges and universities in other states. I do not think, however, it will come to that. I have ‘traveled in enough so-called “backward” states to doubt strongly whether the full force of sanctions against a state university which has been taken over by legislature will leave the Not because of any largecitizenry passive. scale, fierce dedication to free speech, but because parents everywhere want credit cards for their children which will work. And if a particular university’s degree has been thoroughly discredit-
ed because of national opprobrium, the voters, will insist that the legislature act to make that degree negotiable again. If economic self-interest is threatened, even “suspicious” characters on faculties have to be allowed. But if tenure is to be abolished everywhere, what will be the criteria for accountability? Up to a point, 3 qaul Woodring, writing in the Christian Science Monitor, has proposed a sensible set of guidelines: “Each faculty member should be allowed to decide for himself whether he wishes to be judged on the basis of his publication, his teaching, or both. If he chooses to devote a substantial portion of his time to research and writing, his teaching load should be duced sufficiently to enable him to plan his research carefully and write well. When he comes LIP for promotion he should be required to give evidence, not merely that he has published a specified number of papers, but that he has made a substsntial contribution to the analysis, interpretation, and criticism of the work of other scholars. ”
T 1
WOULD ADD that promotion is one thing and tenure another, and that. tenure should be done away with. Let the man who is essentially involved in research be reappraised at certain intervals-maybe every seven years, ‘as Kingman Brewster has suggested for himself. I would also include much more diverse criteria for “substantial” research. A social scientist, for instance, may have chosen to devote a good deal of time to community action work. Or someone involved in education may have spent several years helping start an elementary “free” schools. Neither may want to publish the results in the usual “scholarly” fashion. There ought, therefore, to be other options: a film; a book intended for a wider audience than scholars (which doesn’t mean, to say the least, that it would be any less substantial); or simply the empirical evidence of what that community action or what that school has developed into. Let the student-faculty committee in charge of promotions spend some time observing and seeing for themselves what has been taking place. Paul Woodring goes on: “Those faculty &embers who choose to be judged by their teaching :and in an undergraduate college their number should be substantially larger than the first group-should, ‘when they come up fbr promotion, be expected to give evidence that their teaching is of superior quality. Such evidence.. .must be based in each case upon a distillation’ of the subjective judgments both of students and of other faculty members who have observed the individual’s teaching. Recent graduates of the college, as well as present students, should be invited to express their judgments through anonymous questionnaires designed to distinguish the more obvious forms of popularity from true success as a teacher.” “By the time a faculty member is ready for promotion to full professor,” Woodring concludes, “many of his former students will be mature men and women who will have been out of college long enough to be able to look back on their college experience in perspective. They know as much as anyone will ever know about which teachers made a real difference in their lives. Their opinions should be made available to the deans, department heads, or faculty committees who make decisions about promotion.” My own view is that only faculty-student committees should have the power to make such decisions, and again, that promotion not be tenured. The teaching professor too should be reevaluated at certain intervals. If you believe that teaching is-or should be-one of the most vital functions in the society, a corollary conviction ought logically to be that teachers should remain accountable so long as they teach. Tenure and any real kind of accountability are mutually contradictory. I noted that Woodring’s proposals are useful up to a point. They are, with the additions I suggested, at least a beginning toward the breaking up of that center of university power which at present is accountable to no one but itself. I would then go further. I am convinced that, except for scholars, the concept of a full-time university professor is itself anachronistic. How can those who are teachers, not scholars, keep learning enough to teach if they spend all their lives withln the academy? How can they learn enough about themselves, about whatever field they’re In, from poetry to political science? George Bernard Shaw to the contrary, teachers and doers ought to be one and the same.
tuesda y 13 jar-wary
1970 f IO:40)
695
7
’ ’
I
Jerry jerr waucer
nntnrcnn pcrcr au1 I’
1uuty
---t-CC-
1a
-s-v -
west side story
neildiamond dion Wlrll\l -- 87 - r \\\ flvitw machine ‘, -I,=-1--1IIII-~
ilI
___c_ --
_ I
Aa-.-
concert
endless summer
L 3ATUR *, A Sexini-formal bL
I
I ,
OUT-TERM
STUDENTS:
Tickets
may
be purchased
by mailing
cheque or money order to “groundhog tickets, in care of The Federation of Students, University of Waterloo”. Prices for ticketed events are: Cap au Vin, Monday .. Wednesday $1.25, Thursday - Saturday $1.50 All
I 8
CO-OP
*
Cap au Vin
$1.50;
Friday
tickets
concert
will $3.00;
be sold
in advance.
Semi-Formal
Electric
Prune
Dance
$5.00.
I 696 the Chevron
Bolivian
cwmy gets kid (dead)
by Ross Taylor Chevron staff
With all kinds of heavy flicks around town these days, it is a joy to see a film such as Butch Cassidy and the Sundance
Kid.
.
The movie, with Paul Newman and Robert Redford, is successful in its attempt to say nothing. It demonstrates that Hollywood is still capable of fulfilling the medium’s original purpose; entertainment. The story concerns two amiable, turn of the century cattle rustlers turned bank robbers who are forced to skip off, to, of all .places, Bolivia. With the aid of the Kid’s mistress (Katherine Ross) they set up a new home and resume an old career, bank robbing. Like all good crooks they make one oversight, which quickly leads to their demise: being blown to hell by the entire Bolivian army. So far, pretty average stuff, crime almost paying and all, but the audience manages to stay involved throughout. The thing that holds the film together is its sustained mood of whimsy. Butch and the Kid constantly banter back and forth with witty verbal and situational non-sequiturs. After days of running from an extremely almost persistent posse, the two are trapped, unexplainedly, on the edge of a river gorge. The only way out is to jump. Very dramatic and virile, but the Kid hestitates, he can’t swim. “Never says Butch, “the fall will probably kill mind” us anyway. ” The dialogue is much too witty and very con-
trived but still fun. And this is the key to the movie‘;- fun. There is hardly enough skin or gore to sustain today’s sophisticated moviegoers and the lack of plot or message should deter even a first year engineer, but people are still going. With pure entertainment proven to be a selling point maybe we can look for the return of spectaculars such as Cleopatra and other such biggies. Technically, the film was just short of interesting. The use of too obviously old-fashioned brown ‘tinted stills as a time transition, and the subsequent fade back to quite decent colour provided a not-really-needed visual and pacing break. With the exception of some panoramas of interesting geography, a-la-westerns of the early sixties, camera angles were standard Hollywood. The ending is perhaps the most technically interesting sequence. Our two non-heroes are trapped in a, sleepy Bolivian village. After some tremendous trick shooting from the Kid, (who of course is the trickiest trick shooter in all of Oklahoma and Bolivia) and some future schemes from the ever active mind of Butch, the pair rush from cover. But alas o’ur boys are met not with the expected handful of incompetent loca1 militia but hundreds of national soldiers. We never see the two fall. They slowly fade into a tinted still becoming automatic legends in the audience’s collective mind. Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid is technically dull btit otherwise fun and entertaining. There remains one nagging question; were the Bolivian troops CIA financed?
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King & Young St. Waterloo
MEN - 18 & OVER Take
Part
In
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH Earn $6.00
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Stimulation)
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WAREHOUSE SWEATER SALE *New
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A/I’s by Larry
and extra
weNthat
Burko
Chevron staff
By far one of the worst movies to hit town in quite a while, Fanny Hi// in Sweden failed miserably in its attempt to say anything or even entertain. It’s the story of a sweet young virgin coming to the big city to make her fortune. Naturally, not having any professional training in any special field she goes to work in a whorehouse where she meets Mr. Right. They live together until h is father finds out their plans of marriage and ships his son out of the country to work on the business he will inherit. Of course there was no time to tell Fanny and she assumed that he had run out on her.
ATTENTION
ends
we/I
She works her way through assorted rich lovers until she meets the kindly rich old man who loves her until he dies, (about a month after meeting her) and naturally leaves her his entire fortune. Return her first love and they live happily ever after. Now this was not your standard tits-and-ass, artsie-fartsie movie. This was an extremely poorly made tits-and-ass, artsie-fartsie movie. The plastic nothingness of the scenes depicting moods which were at best vague, was only surpassed by the irrelevance of the love scenes. There were no redeeming qualities in the movie at all;filming was bad, and dialog was bad. The movie gave me a headache. If you get the opportunity to see it, don’t. I wish I hadn’t.
Turtle
Neck
SWEATERS
Knit
SHI RTS
Banlon
ROCK BUFFS
Reg. $9.95 Now $3.00 Reg. $9.95 - $11.95 Now $4.00
_
all-Canadian Anything goes at Kitchener-Waterloo’s Stoned Session Saturday. Tabs will be kept on narcs in the audience and their location will be broadcast from the stage between sets.
230
REGINA
ST.
N..
tucsday
WATERLOO.
13 january
ONTARIO
1970 (10:4QI
697
Presenting right here for your enjoygrooving and swinging fabulous ment the chevron‘s with of rock culture, history all the great-time hits that kept right tapping your toes YOU from the good old 40’s to the tuned-in 60’s; the sounds that sing, the sounds that pulse, yes the thenthe now-sounds sounds, hear about them all in on weeks to come right here
R
OCK CULTURE BEGINS in exploitation and appropriation. In the late 1940’s the big band era, which had carried a generation through a war and was readying them for another, was on the decline. Much of the black big band sound had been effectively coopted by the Paul Whitemans of the day in order to make it palatable to the white consumer consciousness. A sound that began around the turn of the century in New Orleans ghettos, which evolved into rag time and ultimately into the black big bands, had been turned into its opposite-music by whites for whites-and drained of any critical social content like the Boston Pops treatment of the Rolling Stones. At the same time that this sound was collapsing, the more vibrant elements of black music at that time were coalescing with what was left of the big band into a new form. These elements included the blues, perhaps the foremost contributor to the history of rock, both rural and urban. The best known of the rural blues singers at the time was Leadbelly, Good-night Irene was whose song number one in 1950-but not by Leadbelly. He was too black. Gordon Jenkins and The Weavers were just fine. The urban blues were simply the rural blues ghettoized as the blacks went north in search of the promised land and found Chicago instead. Out of these came the great black rock and roll artists of the 195O’s-Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Clyde McPhatter, Ray Charles, Bo Diddley, and so on. (It was only in the middle 60’s that peeple began to “discover” the blues artists who carried the tradition of urban blues through the 30’s, 40’s, 50’s, and GO’s-Howlin’ Wolf, Homesick James, Little Walter, Muddy Waters and others. )
Gospel
and jazz
The -other elements were gas@-always a part of black history and very close to the blues; jazz-again close to blues and also the black version of the big band sound *with people like Charlie Parker, Billie Holiday, Dinah Washington; and lastly, the boogie piano including Jimmy Yancy , Meade Lux Lewis. This piano style was copied almost directly by L,ittle Richard, Fats Domino, and other pianists of the 50’s. These elements coalesced in the late 40’s and very early 50’s and were given the name rock and roll, two of the most commonly used terms in late 40’s rhythm and blue songs. Alan Freed, rock of the 50’s, coined the entrepreneur phrase.
Working-class
youth
At the same time there was developing a large social group whose consciousness was the receptive element for this music-youth. Their backgrounds were predominantly new working class. With the exception of the blacks this group was perhaps the most disenfranchised at the time.
10
698 the Chevron
These were the- formative years of the knowledge factory and defense industry as institutional safety-valves for surplus manpower-primarily youth. The need to absorb surplus manpower into either one of these two industries was not as acute at that time as it was to become in the late 50’s and after. In 1950 the need to go to college was not as great among working class youth (especially sons and daughters of factory workers) as it was to be ten years later. This meant for many of them dropping out of high school. In fact it was almost a status symbol to drop out and take a job in a service station. The defense industry was, of course, hard at work in Korea, but the level of social consciousness was so low that again it was almost a status symbol to join up and fight the Communists. These attitudes are not uncommon in many “traditional” working class areas today; however, among the working class youth working in the factories or in the armed forces involved in today’s youth culture, strong positions against the draft, racism, and imperialism are developing.
Sickening
sweetness
The barrenness of the cultural scene at the time can perhaps best be seen by the fact that among the most popular TV shows were The Life of Riley and Jackie Gleasoii’s The Honeymooners, both of which portrayed “blue collar” workers as a bunch of buffoons totally subservient to their masters. The movies were packed with McCarthyite anti-communism, and shows like South Pacific which defined happiness as “Some Enchanted Evening”, were on Broadway. The music scene wasn’t much better, with Vic Damone, Vaughn Monroe, Theresa Brewer, and Patti Page, and songs like “Forever and Ever” and Perry Como, “Buttons by Dinah Shore and other and Bows” greats like “Enjoy Yourself, It’s Later Than You Think” on the charts. Under the heel of McCarthyism and Nixonism, organized labor and the Old Left had either retreated or moved right to liberalism. There wasn’t very much that was happening that spoke in any way to the actual lives of these young people, which is the way the bourgeoisie preferred it. Rock and roll came into being in opposition to this bourgeois culture and although able to relate to youth, the relationships that did obtain were for the most part determined by the bourgeoisie. The bourgeoisie recognized the necessity to control something potentially dangerous to them (witness the violence at rock and roll show fights, in street gangs,-imagine that coupled with a social consciousness). They also saw the potential for new markets. The latter meant the attempted destruction of ‘%e liberating aspects of the culture and the construction of repressive social relations in order to meet productive needs. In the formative years of rock and roll this practice on the part of the
bourgeoisie took the form --of exploitation and appropriation. As indicated in the case of Leadbelly, the music was appropriated from blacks and done by whites primarily for whites. This became standard operating procedure through the early 50’s under the appropriate heading of “cover” records. The record company would consciously seek out black artists in order to pick up what sounded like saleable tunes which would then .be recut and marketed with established white personnel (losing the black content). Some of the most blatant examples were the McGuire Sisters’ “Sincerely,” originally done by the Moonglows, Kay Starr’s “Wheel of Fortune,” originally done by the Cardinals, Bill Haley’s “Shake Rattle and Roll” 7 originally done by Joe Turner, and Elvis Presley’s ‘ ‘ Money Honey, ’ ’ originally done by Clyde McPhatter and the Drifters. The exploitative feature added, another dimension. It is by now well known how record companies would buy rights to a song mostly from black people and then. make millions off it. Billie Holiday’s whole life is a testimony to this type of racist exploitation. A more obvious example is Big Mama Thornton’s song “Hound Dog” written around 1952-53 by Leiber dnd Stoller. She sold her rights to the song for $500.00. Elvis Presley sold over two million copies and Big Mama Thornton never received another penny. This type of exploitation/commoditization served a number of purposes. First, it took what was potentially some of the most critical and subversive music (namely black blues), drained it of its critical content and turned it into its opposite to buttress the status quo. Secondly, by controlling the artists, the media, this “cultural imperialism” was an excellent method for channelling the tension and rage generated by an oppressive system into gang fights, rock and roll shows, controlled dances and record hops served this purpose). And thirdly, it -- provided for new domestic markets. What could be better?-one could control people through their culture and even make money off it. But there were a number of contradictions involved which outline the beginnings of the struggle by youth to find themselves in and through their cultural practice in the face of manipulation.
New
forms,
old content
Around 1953-54 the contradiction between what the songs were originally and what the songs were as presented by the media was becoming apparent (primarily through the people who really got into the music and began collecting “originals’ ’ ). The static styles of those who passed for real rock and rollers were no longer tolerable to growing numbers of young people (both oriented) whose whole life style was the white and black and primarily urban by
Joe Ferrandino,
abridged
from
A history of rock pEtwe, Radical
America,
january
69.
was direct and gutsy and spoke to th senses. As such, it was profound1 subversive. It still is. ” *
*
*
This move signalled the recognition of black in rock and roll but it was not at this time the recognition of black as black, but black as white. That is to say, with the exception of a few artists, almost all the black rock and roll artists who achieved any notoriety whatsoever did not sing about anything that was ever remotely related to the black experience. This was particularly true
of most of the “great” groups-The Platters, the Harptones, Moonglows, Valentines, Four Tunes, Billy Ward and The Dominos. Many of the songs projected a an idealism that was almost religious. What had developed was a new form, but this form was infused with the old sham content. First of all, most of the problems dealt with in the songs were false problems in the sense that they almost invariably centered around ‘ ‘boy-girl’ ’ relations in a false way. They were heavily male chauvinistic-juxtapose Gloria ‘Mann’s “Teenage Prayer’ ’ to The Videos’ “Trickle Trickle” for example. The male is hot and heavy ‘and usually roams a lot. The female is passive and just wishes he would pick her from the others (competing all the time) so that she could become his property as a steady girl and later as a housewife. The situations were super-romantic and tended toward the view that all the problems in the world would be solved “When We Get Married.” It would be “Heaven and Paradise,” etc. Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers are an ex cellent example of this phenomenon. A black ‘group-New York City ghetto oriented-they made the grade on such great tunes as “Why Do Fools Fall In Love” and “I want You to Be My Girl.” The cover photo on the album they did for GEE has all five dressed like Yale studentsdark trousers, white shirts, white “letter sweaters” with a big T in front, and, of course, processed hair. In fact, since the Establishment had started on the juvenile delinquency kick in an attempt to thwart dissident elements among the youth culture, the Teenagers even felt it necessary to apologize in a song titled “I’m Not a Juvenile Delinquent.” This is a blatant but certainly not uncommon illustration of the seizure and destruction of a culture by taking the potentially negative elements, denuding them of their negative characteristics, and assimilating them into normal capitalistic social relations It is therefore not very surprising to learn that Frankie Lymon died from an overdose of heroin two years ago in his late 20’s, and that Little Willie John, a victim of the same kind of exploitation, died in jail about the same time as Frankie Lyman.
We’re not interested coming free. -Robert Williams.
in a good
press.
We’re
interested
in be-
Cautious, careful people always casting about to preserve their reputation and social standards, never can bring about a reform. Those who are really in earnest must be willing to be anything or nothing’ in the world’s estimation and- publicly and privately, in season and out, avow their sympathies with despised ideas and their advocates, and bear the consequences. -Susan B. Anthony The poor have no laws. The laws of course for the rich. -Working people of New Castle
are
made
County,
by the
rich
Delaware,
and
7829.
Social change is violence itself. You cannot have progress without friction and upheaval. For social change, two systems must clash. This must be a violent clash, because it’s a struggle for survival for one and a struggle for liberation of the other. And always the powers in command are ruthless and unmerciful in defending their position and their privileges. I- Robert Williams, 7 962. One man with courage makes a majority. -Andrew Jackson, U.S. President. If there is no, struggle there is no progress. Those who profess to freedom and yet depreciate agitation are men who want crops without plowing. They want rain without thunder and lightning. They want the ocean without the awful roar of its mighty waters. This struggle may be a moral one, or it may be physical, but it must be a struggle. Power concedes noth‘ing without a demand. It never did and it never will. -Frederick Douglass, 7857. The peaceful and indifferent are know the fighting joy of living. -Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, 79 7 7.
forgotten;
they
never
As a revolutionist I have no respect for capitalist property ‘laws, nor the- least scruple about violating them. I hold all such laws to have been enactedthrough chicanery, fraud and corruption. But this does not imply that I propose making an individual law-breaker of myself and battling my head against the stone wall of existing property laws. That might be called force, but it would be more than that. It would be mere weakness and folly. Eugene Debs, 7972 Open your mouths and let out your lungs, raise such a clamor that those in high places will wonder what all the row is about and perchance feel tottering under them the edifices of greed they have reared. -Jack London, writer, 7905 Never do anything mands it. -Albert Einstein, Hope, -Eric
against
conscience
even
if the
state
de-
physcist
Faculty plays daddy In a recent faculty association newsletter editorial, english prof Roman Dubinski expressed the view that those who engage in disruptions should be subject to prosecution both in the courts and internally within the university. His justification of this view is in two parts: the university act gives the board of governors entire responsibility and jurisdiction over the conduct of its students, faculty and staff in order to fulfil1 its aims which are vaguely named as the pursuit of learning and free enquiry. Secondly Dubinski claims that there is in fact a social contract operating in society-people have agreed to obey the laws. There are also proper processes by which these laws can be changed. To discuss university discipline in this manner is nonsense. The important question to ask is where does the power lie in our society? who makes the laws? in whose interests are they made? who controls the universities? what purposes do they serve? for whom? We have never agreed to the existing social contract, nor have we had any meaningful voice in the making of any law, nor shall we be likely to. Yet neither did
the laws drop from the sky. Consider who sits on the boards *of governors of Canadian universities. What relationships do these people have to each other? They belong to the same clubs, they are directors of the same companies. Surely the universities exist primarily to prepare people for lives ,working for their companies. Rather than justify their actions with nonsense, they should say we have the power to do as we please, and will brook no opposition. _ It is interesting to note that the special editorial precedes Dr. Petch’s statement on discipline. It reminds one of american saturation bombing in Vietnam to clear the area before the ground troops move in. The faculty association has agitated for a twenty percent wage increase. Clearly, with this kind of support, the administration might soften its heart towards its new-found ally when it comes to the bargaining table. The faculty at Columbia University was quick to sell-out its students over discipline. With the added incentive of a fat wage increase, it is unlikely that our faculty will respond any differently.
like faith, is the present in a state of pregnancy. Fromni - Revolution of Hope, 7968
I found the University...clean and noble, but I did not find the university alive. I found the university had this ideal as phrased by a professor: “The passionless pursuit of passionless intelligence-clean and noble, I grant you, but not alive enough... And in the reflection of this University ideal I find the conservatism and unconcern of western society toward those who are suffering, who are in want.” 4ack London, 7906
member: Canadian university press (CUP) and underground press syndicate (UPS); subscriber: liberation news service (LNS) and chevron international news service (GINS); published tuesdays and fridays by the publications board of the federation of students (inc.), university of Waterloo: content is the responsibility of the Chevron staff, independent of the federation and the unrversrty administration; offices in the people’s campus center; phone (519) 578-7070 or university locd 3443; telex 0295-748; circulation 12,500 Chairman board of publications - Geoff RouletAll sorts of new folks and hundreds of people you have enjoyed before. Last but not least we have Jim Bowman,Steve Izma, Graham Sutherland, John Pickles, Paul Dube, Mike Corbett, Brenda Wilson, Bruce Meharg, Phil Elsworthy, Al Lukachko, James Klinck, Eleanor Hyodo, Douglas Minke, Una O’Callaghan, Bryan Douglas, Andre Belanger, Andrew Sare, Ken Fraser, Old Fred, Paul Lawson, Ron Wardell, Frank Goldspink, Bob Epp, Wayne Bradley, Jerry Malzan, Allen Class, Jeff Bennett, Larry Caesar, Pete Marshall, Ted Pimbert, Paul Dube, Gabriel Dumont, John Nelson, Larry Burke, Mike Church, The Ross’s Bell and Taylor, Cyril Levitt (alleged federation prez candidate), three top secret cup commissionaires, two anarchistic opportunists, and a partridge in a pear tree. tuesday
13 januar, t/ 1970 fjrO:40)
699
11
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