University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario volume 14, number 24 friday, january 11, 1974
distance oust the The hospital,
-iandy
!
Bergeron on oppression a.
The instances in which Quebec thrusts its presence into the conscious life of English Canada - generally perpetuate a profile of bearing strong the province political features. In 1970 Canada was suddenly awakened one morning by the news that a British diplomat had been kidnapped-by - French Candian nationalists. Two years later, in the spring of 1972, , similarly “disquieting” news reached all corners of English Canada of a general strike, involving 200,000 workers, three confederate unions, and the occupation of Sept Iles. The position that politics plays in the life of the Quebecois is vividly illustrated in the sporadic and sensational coverage of their enclave that reaches Canada. Leandre Bergeron, a professor of Quebecois literature at Sir George Williams University in Montreal, left Quebec to come into Canada to talk about the temperament of his -countrymen. These are the terms with which Bergeron defined his visit to this university. These are the terms with which he defined his nation. To receive him, and to discuss the various implications of his analysis of Quebecois politics, some 200 people gathered in the Physics building Wednesday evening. While in many cases the evening had much of the air of “preaching to the converted”, there were enough diverse reac-
tions to provide for a most enjoyable - and enlightening discourse. The first order of business was a screening of Les gars d’lapalme, a film produced by the CNTU (Confederation of National Trade Unions) dealing with the 1972 strike of the Lapalme drivers in Montreal. The film, in French, essentially covered the later period of the five month long strike, the period which saw the drivers commute daily from Montreal to Ottawa in order to picket on Parliament Hill. The Lapalme company had held the contract for the pickup and dropping of mail from post boxes, and had employed roughly 500 men. These drivers organized themselves within the CNTU, and embarked on a program of both economic and political struggle. A concept of- workers’ control was developed and eventually forced upon the management by the drivers, a control so real that Lapalme eventually realized that his aspirations towards bourgeois success were being foiled. At this point he offered his company to the federal government, for a price. Ottawa proved to be too shrewd for Lapalme and had no desire to bring a bloc of workers, like 500 drivers, into the civil service, with a strong union and an aware political consciousness. The initial response of the post office was to hire non-union drivers, provoking
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the organized drivers and instigating a struggle that inevitably erupted in violence. The campaign waged by the federal government, and handled primarily by Eric Kierans, did not limit itself to such overt opposition. At one point an offer was made to one of the key people in the drivers’ local, an offer which constituted a bribe, promising him a cash payment of $6000 if he would take his men out of the CNTU-needless to say the offer was turned down. Eventually the federal government managed to break the unionmonth fight, after a five costing the CNTU $1 million. Yet the questions raised by the workers during the strike, questions about the justice of Trudeau’s “societe juste”, thecontradictions of capitalism (raised in such Marxist terms), and the national character of Quebec, are ones which still need to be addressed, and addressed vigorously. In essence, much of Bergeron’s talk following the f_ilm was an attempt to present modern Quebec within the context of such questions. He outlined in detail the events surrounding the “quasigeneral strike” of spring 1972, and presented a few specific instances exemplary of the political current running through the strike. A mine and the surrounding community erupted in protest against management and local government , eliciting a response from the Quebec Provincial Police. However, as the police approached the town they were politely informed that a large number of the discontented citizenry were miners, well acquainted with the use of dynamite. The QPP kept their
and did not attempt to upon by. Bergeron, including the workers. Parti Quebecois, the recent workers in a mental provincial election, the FLQ, and including the professional women as an organized group. employees, ousted the ad- Throughout his analysis of these ministration and continued to run phenomena Bergeron’s principles the hospital under their own were made abundantly clear. control. For one full week the Fundamental to his analysis are patients were cared for in an en- the brutal facts of domination vironment of collective decision faced by the Quebecois. This making and work, receiving, by domination is of two distinct, yet a. . . tneir own .acimission, better interrelated variations, As a race, treatment and more friendly at- or nationality, the Quebecois find tention than previously. This oc- themselves oppressed within the cupation was forcefully broken by federal structure of Canada; as a the provincial police and the ad- proletarian people they find ministration reinstated as the body themselves dominated by a of authority. bourgeoisie, both distant and The strike was characterized by foreign. That these two facts are events such as these, exhibiting a integral, and interrelated, to the solidarity and determination on liberation struggle within Quebec the part of the combined memis the cardinal principle upon bership of the CNTU, Quebec which Bergeron stands. Federation of Labour (QFL), and Essentially, the Parti Quebecois the teachers union. Since 1972 this denies the latter of the two solidarity has been broken by dominations-Levesque talks of groups such as the CSD (Connational liberation, while mainfederation des Syndics ts taining the conditions of Democratique) complaining of the “capitalist exploitation”. The “political” character of the CNTU. attempt of the PQ to “rally all the However, as Bergeron pointed out, Quebecois” is an incomplete one, politicization amongst and by the working for a ^ Quebecois workers has not been neglected. bourgeoisie. One of the develpWorkshops flourish at the local -merits imminent, in Bergeron’s level discussing industrial eyes, is that--of a truly working relations in terms other than class nationalist party, one which improved pension plans and inwould successfully incorporate the creased wages. Bergeron two conditions of domination and described a growing “worker fight them. militancy” and maintained that On this concept of double “many workers in Quebec are domination Bergeron fielded a becoming radicalized”. This number of critical questions. The radicalization is best exemplified criticism that such a nationalist in the present Shellcast strike in concept of class struggle would northern Montreal. The workers, effectively divide what could exclusively immigrants, organized potentially -develop into a themselves and pushed for more Canadian struggle was raised. His control of the plant. Faced by an answer lay at the heart of his intransigent management the 40 perception of Canada: “There’s a employees struck, and were Canadian nation. . . . . . there’s a strongly supported by the workers * Quebecois nation.” “We can only from much larger industriesfunction if we respect each other United Airlines and Firestone. as nations.” While ‘the solidarity on an Further criticisms were levelled organizational level as witnessed at the radical tone with which in the “United Front” of 1972 may Bergeron spoke of the have broken down, the trends displacement of the capitalist within that front have not disapclass and the introduction of peared and the work which had socialism (a socialism of Marxist culminated in that conflict conorientation) . One person wontinues. dered, hopefully, about the mixOther aspects of the political ture of “some socialism with climate of Quebec were touched -continued
page 3
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‘Bitter taste of sugar In the predominantly Catholic Philippines, where “If the priest said it, God said it,” President Marcos has engaged a formidable adversary in his effort to silence dissident clerics. While it still enjoys the blessing, or the sufferance, of most bishops, Marco’s one-man rule is encountering organised resistance at the parish priest level and among religious orders. Several groups of diocesan priests are engaged in printing and distributing antiGovernment propaganda, collecting funds for underground organisations, and disseminating propaganda from the pulpit. Jesuits and Colum bians involved in “politicising” sugar workers and farmers to awareness of their basic rights have come to worry the Government. Seven or eight priests have gone underground to join the New People’s Army ( NPA ), the military wing of the Communist Party, which claims 2,000 full-time guerrillas and 10,000 local fighters. The best-known of the guerrilla priests was Father Luis Jalandoni, captured in September in Bacolod city on the sugar island of Negros, along with Sister Maria Consuelo, a nun and fellow insurgent. Father Luis, who is 38, disappeared from Bacolod two days after martial law was proclaimed on September 21, 1972, narrowly escaping the wave of arrests that cleaned up Marco’s opponents. He joined elements of the NPA, at first hiding in the mountains. Later he was made NPA organiser in and around Bacolod city under different aliases and disguises. Pistols, hand grenades and Communist propaganda were seized in the raid in September which swept up Father Luis, Sister Maria, and regional commanders of the outlawed Communist Party. Three months later Father Luis and the others now are still in the stockade awaiting trial for subversion. Other priests and nuns have been picked up and questioned, some in connection with the Jalandoni case. Most of these have been released, though it is estimated that about 20 priests have been detained for a prolonged period without trial. A few days after the capture of Jalandoni, some priests on Negros island read from their pulpits a message in favour of “an inspiring figure whose love for the poor and oppressed and whose courage in
defending their rights against the powerful and privileged few . . . cannot but rally our sympathy and moral support.” Startled planters complained to Bishop Fortich of Bacolod, who had already publicly dissociated himself from Jalandoni. The next week, congregations in some churches dwindled and collections shrunk. Among those known to the Philippine constabulary on ‘Negros as Jalandoni sympathisers were more than a dozen Irish priests. In a clandestinely published letter to fellow-priests Father Luis wrote: “The struggle against British imperialism in Ireland certainly makes the struggle against US imperialism here more understandable to many Irish confreres.” The provincial commander of the Philippine constabulary came out with a stern warning to priests against depicting Father Luis as a protector of the masses, and against “using the pulpit to denounce the Philippine constabulary and to picture Jalandoni as a hero and martyr.” c Jalandoni’s background made him an unlikely recruit for the New People’s Army. The son of a wealthy landed family-one of the 500 controlling 80 per cent of Negros’s sugar land-Jalandoni studied in the most expensive schools in Manila, and when his father died, he inherited a large chunk of sugar plantation. When 27, he decided to become a priest, a highly respected vocation in the predominantly Catholic Philippines, where the Church has traditionally allied itself with the rich and the powerful. After studies in Rome, where he distinguished himself as an outstanding student, Jalandoni returned to head the social action committee of Bacolod diocese. It was simply a question of time, people in this city used to say before Father Luis made it to a bishop’s palace. Far from rising in the hierarchy,* Ja‘landoni’s ambition was to change the establishment image of the Church. Appalled by the contrast between the high living of the Negros sugar planters and the starvation wages paid to the sugar workers, Jalandoni helped the workers to form free unions, joining picket lines which sugar planters would break up with wellarmed private armies. Once he kept strikers alive for months with food bought with his own money.
He would go from plantation to plantation, pleading with the owners to pay a minimum wage of seven pesos ($1) a day, where most pay only four. He sold his own estate to finance the workers’ struggle. Jalandoni defined what he saw as the role of the priest towards the workers : “We need to feel their hunger, share the harassment and intimidation which is their lot. We priests should have a sense of shame for the oppressive role the Church and we have been playing in furthering the unjust political, economic, and cultural system .” Behind the chronic poverty of 400,000 sugar workers and their three million dependants-nearly a tenth of the Philippines population-Jalandoni perceived what he called “the tremendous power of big US monopoly capitalists who, through the US Congress and the sugar quota, perpetuate this structure of oppression.” Even before martial law was declared, Jalandoni had become convinced that only armed struggle could bring the changes he had failed to achieve by legitimate means. Most of the 70 cases of landgrabbing by big landowners, which Jalandoni had been fighting for dispossessed tenants, were still gathering dust after years in the courts. The movement to unionise the workers had been frustrated by the violence of the sugar planters using armed guards to beat up workers who tried to organise. Labourers, in spite of all his pleas for justice, were still trying to feed a family of six on $.50 a day. With the imposition of martial law, strikes, demonstrations, and the struggle above ground became impossible. The strong stand he had taken against the sugar block and American capital in the Philippines made him a sure target for arrest. Jalandoni decided, as he told a friend, that it was time “to go over the mountain instead of going round it.” Inspired by Jalandoni ‘s example, at least another seven priests and nuns are now operating with guerillas throughout Luzon and the Visayas (islands of the Central Philippines ). Like the South American priests who joined revolutionary movements, they see the aims of Christianity and communism as fundamentally the same, and the methods as an inevitable response to the violence of the oppressors. Jalandoni interpreted “salvation” as meaning liberation ; freedom from oppression and poverty. In prison, he apparently remains ,convinced that the path he chose was the right one. In a message smuggled out of his cell a few days after his arrest, he explained: “I have accepted the armed struggle as the Christian answer to the present Philippine situation. I am freely and voluntarily a member of the Communist Party and have taken a leading role in the movement.” He ended the message: “I ask that you judge me and my friends not in the light of the little you may know about communism but in the light of our lives and actions.” For those who shuddered at the unholy alliance between a priest from the landed gentry and Communist guerrillas, an even more severe shock is now in store. There are signs that a unified front of Christians, Communists, * and Moslems is being developed in opposition to the Government, suggesting that others are ready to take over where Father Luis and Sister Maria left off. -reprinted Manchester
from the Guardian
friday,
ianuary
.
18, 1974
the chevron
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photo by randy
Changes 1in the headless Last Wednesday evening Radio Waterloo held its general meeting to encourage the increased involvement of university students in the radio station’s activities because the station’s work load has been carried in the past by a handful of students. The station hopes to distribute the control of the station among all involved in the station by a reorganization of its structure. -A group of committees were formed, each responsible for one area within the station. They asked each staff member to put in at least four hours per week actively pursuing the tasks of one or more of the committees. The result will hopefully be the relatively smooth functioning of the station and an increased programming quality. Participation by all in these committees was seen as essential to an increased quality in the programming and the station’s survival in the future. The Canadian Radio and Television Commission (CRTC 1 is implementing new guidelines for ’ Radio Waterloo’s programming. The commission is ‘requiring that stations devote a considerable - portion of their air-time to community-related issues and the deemphasizing of their role as broadcasters of the latest and greatest in contemporary music. If stations do not follow these guidelines they will risk the loss of their licences. At present the majority of Radio Waterloo’s people are involved with live disc jockey shows which duplicate a service already provided by commercial radio. The live radio‘ show will not disappear but the station will only approve shows which are thememore oriented and have background and comment on the music played. Radio Waterloo hopes to expand its pre-taped production shows. These can cover almost anything: national, international and campus news ; shows on literature or the contemporary arts; live drama, or anything that a university student finds interesting. Students are often scared off by the technical aspects of such shows, but there are all sorts of -people at the station willing to teach the mechanics of production
work. The running of the equipment is incredibly simple and requires just a few minutes of instruction and familiarity with ‘the tape machines. Later in the meeting, Linda Lounsberry, a member of RadioWaterloo, suggested that the meeting discuss ways to get more women involved in Radio Waterloo. Even though Lounsberry noted that there was a notable lack of women at the meeting (only 7 out of more than 50 present) the m,en refused to acknowledge that the matter needed to be discussed, laughing it off as an irrelevant criticism of Radio Waterloo. Apparently the staff feel they can prepare programs of interest to women without their participation. Out of all the structual reorganization of the station, Radio Waterloo hopes to increase the interest and relevance of their station’s programming to pertinent issues within the community it serves. It is sad to note that the one attempt to discuss a current social issue was dealt with superficially and quickly tossed aside. It is to be hoped that Radio Waterloo’s new drive to improve its programming will deal adequately with these issues. This can only occur with the participation of all interested in the governing and day-to-day activities of Radio Waterloo. -michael
B
’
gordon
r
t
in the morning Although no startling news was revealed by administration president Burt Mathews at his first bi-weekly news conference of the year, held Friday morning of last week, Mathews did comment on two items of current interest. The first was the proposed sale. of Seagram Stadium to the City of Waterloo. The proposition is that the city will buy the stadium for a nominal sum of one dollar and then the university will rent the facilities back from the city. The city would then be able to rent or use the stadium at the times that the university is not renting it. The proposal, however is contingent upon the agreement by the city that it repair the stands in the stadium, and that the university will have the first priority to rental times for the facilities. The current proposal was necessitated by the fact that the university could not afford the cost of the repairs to the stands, and thus sale of the
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Allegro: -the changing mushroom
facilities to the city was seen as a solution to the problem. If need be the university ‘would be willing to rent the gymnasium on a permanent basis and conceivably run it as it is now. The gym at the stadium is in constant use during the fall and winter terms, but usage dropsoff during the summer period. The current proposal could be questioned on the grounds that the sale if successful would eliminate a valuable asset that the university needs, and that it would be .unfortunate if due to a current tight money situation , the university would be forced into an irreversable action. Perhaps’ it would be better to keep the facilities, especially the gymnasium and wait a few years until the money situation is more stable. The only persons suffering from the present situation is the football team which has to play their games at centennial stadium. In other words, the whole sale is proposed solely for the purpose of the football team being able to play five or six games a ‘year at the stadium. The other item of interest is the proposed ruling by the liquor licensing board that would give a permanent license to the university and eliminate all groups from applying for private licenses to hold pubs on campus. According to Matthews, the license would not be a blanket permit, but would only be valid for certain nights and for-certain predesignated areas on campus. The Grad Club and the Faculty Club would not be affected by the ruling. When questioned about what would happen if more ‘Yhan one group on campus wanted to have a pubon the same night and how the _conflict would be resolved, that is if there would be a committee with student representation, Matthews stated that that -was a little
premature, since the ruling had not been clarified to the university administration. -randy
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Bergeron continued
from- page 1
of capitalism ,” and the possibility the success of a unique variant of social democracy. On these points Bergeron called attention to the realities of social democracy-the fact that in social democratic Sweden thirteen families control the entire economy, and the sad, yet inevitable, downfall of the Allende regime in Chile. One of the effects of experimentation in social democracy, as Bergeron views it, is a gradual depoliticization-the result of small reforms within an essentially unchanged structure. The outcome of such a process is a perceptible swing to the right out of frustration with a government ostensibly working within socialist parameters. This development is being evidenced in Sweden today. Further elements of Quebecois society were touched on during the two hour discussion, liberally sprinkled with interesting and revealing anecdotes. The overwhelming impression left by Bergeron is that of a volatile and vibrant political consciousness within a recognized national unit. Whether the future is going to witness the satisfactory resolution to the dilemma the Quebecois find themselves in is impossible to tell; however, the groundwork is being done-by‘ the men and women working in the factories, as well as those, like Bergeron, working in the academic community . -john
keyes
Religious mythos and the need for doubt of accepted (traditional) interpretations were spoken to by John Allegro (author of The Magic Mushroom and the Cross) at WLU theatre auditorium Wednesday night. Allegro-who defines himself as an agnostic in search of the truthsaid that religions spring from the instinctive emotional aspect of homo sapiens. We need instinctively to make sense out of chaos and dogmatic belief is a profound regulating force. The fear of death and% punishing God keep people from an open inquiring approach to life. and enforces the status of the powers that be. The perversion of original ideas through ego-centred and local community bias-rationalization h2s created the bloodiest wars and the greatest oppression. For original conqxam ple : sin-the ception meant going against natural law; perverted, sin became societal law for the protection of vested interest. The general swing of this perversion was personified by Pluto’s change from the god of riches and fertility to that of the underworld. -- Allegro emphasized the need to get to the roots and break down the barriers between religions (people). His own approach to this is problem linguistic ; his familiarity with a wide range of ancient languages allows him to trace the evolution of words over the course of their borrowings from one ancient tongue to another. By this means he is able to chart the connotative changes of each word as it progresses, and in some measure to understand the cultures which shaped it and the attitudes it exemplified. Although sound in many aspects, Allegro’s analysis breaks down in his materialistic interpretation of mystical thought. In saying that the ideas of the early mystics expressed a certain poetic reality, he is missing their view that scientific- understanding needed to ‘be personif ied and allegorically presented, in order to give as complete a picture as possible. It seems, however, that his ideas are currently in a state of flux. Despite his belief that God is humanly created, he is beginning to question his lifelong scepticism towards collective consciousness and intuitive understanding. It may be that Allegro is coming to accept that intellectual understanding is miles from nowhere without a parallel emotional unders tanding.
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18, 1974,
5
Trumped-up energy crisis z.
.
OTTAWA (CUP)-The energy crisis is a fraud perpetuated by large American oil companies to prices and facilitate raise marginal development of resources, according to panelists at a meeting of Waffle party supporters. There is “an increasing skepticism on the part of the Canadian public about the energy crisis,” freelance journalist Nicole Sakellaropoulo told the meeting January 13. “What appears to be true is that American corporations have decided that it is in their interest to persuade us there is an oil shortage ,” she said. “This is an old ploy used to escalate prices.” Economist George Warskett said “The energy crisis does not represent a real economic crisisit is a political crisis among the developed nations. Canada is forced to sell energy resources to the US at low prices. These resources are used to produce manufactured goods which are sold to Canadians. Most of the profits and jobs remain in the US.” Mel Watkins, a Toronto economist, said Canada’s economy is almost solely based on its primary resources and that these will soon run out. “Canada will be left with a resource based economy and no resources.” Canada’s federal and provincial governments are forced to bend to the wishes of the American oil companies. For instance, under a long term royalty agreement, the royalty taxes on resources the Alberta government receives are tied directly to the selling price of the oil. If the Alberta government wants more revenue from the sale of the resource it must agree to let the company raise the selling price several times the increased royalties. If Alberta’s royalties increase, the Canadian people must pay substantially more than the royalty increase. The Alberta government’s Syncrude deal looks’ good superficially. The government is in partnership with several large oil companies to develop Alberta’s tar sands. Alberta had only to provide 20 per cent of the capital but nets 50 per cent of the profits. But, Watkins said, the companies are allowed to keep the Syncrude books and can determine what the company’s costs and profits will be. Company officials, have said there will be no profits for a number of years. Pollution controls are being relaxed because of the supposed “All enenergy shortage. vironmental controls are going out the window in the name of a manufactured energy crisis.” The higher cost of energy forces an eroding of Canada’s already shaky industrial base. “We get to sell the Americans resources which embody little labour and get to buy back their manufactured goods which embody .much labour.” Higher energy prices make it much harder for Canada’s manufacturing industries to operate. Watkins believes part of the reason for the energy crisis is that the United States wants to become more energy self sufficient. To do
this,-it must develop reserves that are not profitable at present prices. The US is apparently worried about having to buy substantial amounts of such a military necessity as oil from other countries. The Canadian government probably hopes this country is part of the US self sufficiency scheme. If, when President Nixon talks about becoming self sufficient in oil production he includes Canadian oil production, the Americans will be willing to invest in such presently marginal ventures as the Athabasca tar sands. Watkins criticized the federal NDP for supporting the federal government’s proposed petroleum corporation. He said the corporation has a proposed budget of only $40 million, equal to “a very small part of Imperial Oil’s petty cash.” Watkins reported that the federal government had no serious intention of taking control of any part of the Canadain oil industry but was content to leave it in the hands of the-big companies. “The only way you could realistically begin to take control of the Canadian oil industry is by first expropriating Imperial Oil.”
Chileans admitted to
Canada TORONTO (CUP&A Toronto researcher for the United Church of Canada who recently participated in talks with Mitchell Sharp and Immigration Minister Ron Andras, says that Canada’s treatment of Chilean refugees is “disillusioning and inhumane.” John Foster was a member of a multi-denominational delegation which went to Ottawa to seek better and speedier treatment of applications from Chilean refugees. He blamed the poorly organized Canadian embassy in Santiago for the relatively small number of refugees admitted to Canada so far. “The Canadian officials in Chile were caught with their pants down in this crisis,” Foster said. “The Canadian officials in Chile were inadequate. They were not comparable in size to embassies of smaller countries.” Also, the number of refugees taken by Canada has been pitifully low. “Four months after the coup there are. less than 100 in the country. ” “The Swedes have taken the-most, the French come next, followed by the Swiss. Even Honduras has taken more people than Canada.” - Foster was skeptical about the publicity over a plane load of about 160 refugees due to arrive in Canada next Saturday. “It is a sizeable improvement. But it still leaves two thirds (of the applicants 1 waiting”. A government
.
photo by hat1 middleton
friendly contract bridge. Room 1.35 in the centre was the scene of some light-hearted Tuesday night. Almost 30 people attended event that will quite possibly be repeated
campus bidding.
this gala
, on
spokesman indicated there have been 368 visas granted and 125 applications rejected. 2,607 applications for entry of the country “I fear that the were received. government will make a show of ~.__ this planeload and that will be it,” Foster complained. One of the reasons for the delay in processing applications is the method used by the Canadian officials for Immigration screening applicants. The point system, which requires the applicant to score 50 out of 100 on an assessment of qualifications --and abilities has so far been used. However, this system can be waived by granting the applicant refugee status, thereby by-passing the regular immigration procedures. “Andras told us on December 3rd that the point system was being waived, ” Foster said. But to the best of his knowledge this has not been the case. Foster divided the refugees into four groups, and expressed great concern for those in hiding and those registered with Those the United Nations. registered with the UN as refugees are by definition not Chilean. They are already refugees from other South American countries such as Bolivia, Uruguay, and Brazil. Foster was unsympathetic to fears that Canada would be flooded with left wing agitators. “People who cheered the junta are now trying to get out. They want better lives in Canada. The situation is sufficiently bad as to encourage people not even connected with the former government to want to leave. The Canadian government has exercised no leadership. Any action that has been taken has not been the result of government initiative but because of pressure from concerned Canadians.”
Another James Bay PETERBOROUGH (CUP&-A news blackout by the Ontario government and the freezing of land in some thirteen townships has added to the speculation that the Ontario government is about to develop an isolated mountain area north of North Bay into a four seasons recreational site. The area in concern is the untouched Maple
Tuesdays to come. If you’re interested in friendly bridge and free coffee inquire at the turnkey desk about
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Mountain-Lady Evelyn area, presently used by Ojibway Insummer and dians, camps wilderness canoeists. The project was initiated by an understandable concern for the high unemployment in Northern Ontario. The civil servants of the Special Projects Branch of ‘the Ministry of Industry and Tourism has contacted all the communities in North Eastern Ontario asking for their approval in principle for such a development. An access road to the area is being worked on, a hydro route survey has been completed and submitted, and the word is out that expropriation of land is to be expected. About $300,000 has already gone into engineering ,and feasibility studies, done by ’ the Special Projects branch of the Ministry of Industry and Tourism, and by consulting firms. None are currently available to the public. Phase One of the Maple Mountain proposal calls for a $42 million investment of public and private funds. The government will make $6.5 million available as seed capital for an access road to Maple Mountain, and also $3.5 million for sewage treatment facilities. A further $40 million is involved in Phase Two, which is as yet a mystery. The drawbacks to the plan are many. The three closest towns, Cobalt, Haeliejbe.rg and New Liskeard are 30-35 miles away so they will not be able to benefit from spin off business from tourists at Maple Mountain. The mountain will be self sufficient.
Who
The distance is also a factor in believing that area residents will not go to the resort area to be hired for the type of menial jobs usually associated with resorts. For six months of the year the area is. unbearable because of blackflies. Winter temperatures of -20 degrees hardly make skiing enjoyable. Some plans are for an eighteen hole golf course, riding trails, skidoo trails, accomodation for 3,500, all facilities, gondolas up the mountain, skiing in winter and sight seeing in summer. There is also the question ‘of environmental damage. The plan has been labelled another James Bay mentality scheme. Plans for the development were first made known when members of the Special Projects branch became lost while exploring Maple Mount-ain. Discovered by two locals, the civil servants explained that they had come to look at the mountain they were about to develop. A forest ranger later let it be known that he had conducted two surveys of the area, one containing the development scheme. The Save Maple Mountain Committee is organizing to oppose the scheme which could see profiteers like Holiday Inn turn the mountain into another Lake Placid. To counter. the blackout of information by the Ontario government, Ontarions are being asked to write their MLA’s for information on the project. Save Maple Mountain Committee’s address is Box 195, Temagami, Ontario.
Are We?
Systems Design is an interdisciplinary department at Waterloo which offers graduate (M.A.Sc. 8 Ph.D.) as well as undergraduate (B.A.Sc.) programmes. Our graduate students come to us with first degrees in such areas as Engineering, Mathematics, Computer Science, Economics, Architecture, Geography and Psychology.
What
_-
Are We Doing?
The faculty and students in Systems Design at Waterloo are working together on important and challenging projects in Systems Theory, Modelling and Simulation ; Ergonomics and Human Systems Engineering; Computer Graphics, Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Assisted Instruction; Conflict Analysis; Communications; Optimization; Stability Theory.
Further
Information
Available
Financial assistance is available and we admit students in January and May as well as September. We can send you a detailed 30 page brochure on the various full and part-time Systems Design Graduate Programmes.
Write
:
Proiessor Department University
Waterloo,
T. M. Fraser, Chairman of Systems Design of Waterloo Ontario, Canada N2L
L_
3G7
6
friday,
the chevron
january
18, 1974
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The Frendh Division of the Department of Classics and Romance Languages is pleased to-announce the visit to our campus on Monday, January 2&t-, of Madame Francoise Tetu, Director, Programme for non-French-speaking students at Lava1 University. Madame Tetr; will be on hand to meet individual or small groups of students and faculty from 1O:OO a.m. until 12:OO noon in room ML341, and again for larger groups from 2:30 to 3:30 in room ML349. Any students who are interested in spending a year or a term at Lava1 University are welcome to come and meet Madame Tetu and find out about Laval’s programme.
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january
the chevron
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18, 1974
ATTENTION! y INTERNATIONAL
STUDENTS .;
WINTER WEEKEND
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‘AT WIARTON, ONTARIO SPO-NSORED BY THE ROTARY,CLUB _ ACTIVITIES INCLUDE-i PARTY, SAFARI, CURLING GAME,TOUR, CHURCH SERVICE. FIRST COME; FIRST SERVE BASIS. REPORTTO INTERNATIONAL STUDENT OFFICE NEEDLES HALL BLDG. RM. 2080 DEADLINE: MONDAY, Jan..21st at 5:OOp.m.
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PERSONAL Drafting-professional draftsman, low rate will do diagramschart or graphics for thesis, reports or journals. Lettering with Leroy and Letraset. Phone Ro at 884-7503
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viscous damped tone Evenings 884-0848.
Ladies yellow gold solitaire, diamonaire engagement ring, worn three months. Asking $60. Phone 884-1535 after 5:30 pm. TYPING
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Kinderswim, registration now
Pow-er puckers . In the past week, the Waterloo Warriors continued their un/ defeated streak by tying the Wilfrid Laurier Golden Hawks and defeating the Guelph Gryphons. The Warriors did not play up to par in their game against the Golden Hawks and should consider themselves lucky to have walked away with a 3-3 tie. Waterloo outshot the Golden Hawks 54-27 managing only three goals for + their effort. Scoring for the Warriors were Rob Madeley, Ron Hawkshaw and Russ Elliott. The Warriors played this game without the services of Cam _Crosby, who was injured early in the first period. Seeing action for the first time in Warrior garb was Ken Tyler, a new student recently transferred from McMaster University. Tyler’s record seems quite impressive having’ been the leading scorer on his team last season as well as an O.U.A.A. allstar. The Warriors performance
against Guelph was played more in their usual style of hockey. They took command early in the first period collecting 3 quick goals. Marksmen were Rob Madeley, Randy Stubel and Doug Colbon. The Warriors continued to keep the upper hand in the second period by collecting an additional 3 goals, while allowing Guelph only two markers. Russ Elliott ,accounted for all three goals in this period. The third period saw the only marker going to Guelph. This proved to be a rough period with many a hard check thrown resulting in a short brawl which sent Ron Hawkshaw and a Guelph player to early showers. The end result was a 6-3 victory for Waterloo. Tonight the Warriors will play R.P.I. in Troy, New York with their next home game taking place this Sunday against the University of Windsor Lancers. Game time will be 7 pm, at the Waterloo Memorial Arena.
Monday The University of Waterloo’s 8:30 - 9:30 Bronze intramural program even has Award of Merit something to offer for’ the kiddies. Distinction A kinder Swim Program! Any children of the faculty, staff and Thursday students of the University of 7:30 - 8:30 Level I Waterloo between the ages of 1 and Level II 5, and who are accompanied by a Level III parent are eligible to register. The purpose of the program is to im8:30 - 9:30 Level I prove the child’s water awareness Level II in a fun and enjoyable way and Bronze provide basic instruction. The cost is $4.00 per child for 8 sessions Friday payable at time of registration. 7:30 - 930 Stroke Improvement Registration is with receptionist in National Lifeguard P.A.C. Red North Entrance between Monday, January 14-22. Le&ures for Bronze, Award of begin j Wednesday, Classes Distinction, National Merit, January 23 for 8 weeks until Lifeguard will be scheduled by the Wednesday, March 13. Instructors. Class A Up coming tournaments which 9%) - lo:15 a.m. l-3 year old. should be taken note of are Mixed Class B Badminton, the entry date for lo:15 - 11:00 a.m. 3-5 year old. which is Tuesday, January 22 with If you are married perhaps only the organizational meeting one of the two parties involved is a Wednesday, January 23 at 7:00 student. If the nonstudent wishes p.m. for the draw and the tourto participate in any facet of the nament runs the same night. The intramural program, that party tournament is single elimination may do so provided he-she purwith a consolation so everyone is chases an athletic card at the cost guaranteed two games. of $10.00 per term or $20.00 for the The entry date for Snooker ,is year. These cards may be purWednesday, January 23 with the chased at financial services: tournament being held Thursday Also under the instructional January 24, 6:30 p.m. at the program, intramurals offers inBrunswick Lanes in Waterloo structional skiing. Regist,er with Square. The tournament is single the intramural receptionist, Blue elimination with consolation. North P.A.C. up to Tuesday, There will be a seeded draw and January 22. Lessons are held the top four in the consolation Tuesday or Wednesday. The cost is advancing to the overall cham$12.00 for 4 one hour lessons. Cost pionship. includes return bus and tow There are four recreation entry tickets. Bus leaves P.A.C. at 12:30 .dates due today January 18th. both days and returns at 5:00 p.m. They are ball hockey, indoor Lessons begin Tuesday, January soccer, ice hockey and co-ed 22 and you will ski the glorious hills squaliball. What’s squaliball you of Chicopee. say? Well squali-ball is volleyball, For all the potential squash of sorts, played on a ‘doubles players there are a few openings squash court, all walls are live for instructional squash. To and action is fast and furious. So register contact the Intramural all interested in a new activity get , Office. Ext. 3532. The regular at least two girls and five guys or sessions are Monday, Tuesday and any combination that equals 7 but Thursday evenings at 7 : 30 and 8 : 15 with at least 2 girls. p.m. The instructions are geared to first year players and will be Game of the week given by the U. of W. squash team. In the instructional swim Basketball program is set _up as follows it T.O. Trotters vs Co-op Math commenced Monday, January 14. Monday, January 21, 7: 30, Court 3 But it is not too late to start now. Monday 7:30 - 8:30
-1iskris
Level Level
Hockey
I II
Recreation vs Upper Eng Tuesday, January 22, Queensmount, 12:00-12:50 a.m. Floor
Hockey
.Kinesiology vs Renison Thursday, January 24, Seagrams, 4:30-5:30 “THE CHOICE
OR Grad’s vs Romano’s Raiders ~~., Thursday, January ,24, Seagrams 9 :30-10 : 30
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the chevron
\ .
1974
II
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intramurals
This term’s intramural events are of a great variety and should be of interest to everyone. The season is starting off well, with a competitive basketball league. There are around. twenty teams entered, ranging from various faculties to a few independent teams; all in all, it should be a ‘hard fought competition, The starting date is next Thursday evening, at 7:30, so get out in full force. Referees are needed to officiate the ‘girls basketball league. All
9
interested persons, please contact Sally Kemp ext. 3533. There will be a clinic on Monday, January-21 at 7:30 p.m. Remember how much fun flagfootball was? Well, now’s the time to round up the old team, bring out your gloves and mitts, and come out for a Snow Bowl Game. New this year, will be a flag football competition in the snow. There is an important meeting of all interested people on Monday, January 21 at 7:00 p.m. in 1083 in P.A.C. The mixed badminton tournament is on again, Wednesday, \ January 23 at 7 :00 p.m. Entries are due on Tuesday, January 22. Bring out your racket and have a smashing good time.
Curling
club
’
The university curlers have taken to the ice for another term of recreation and friendly competition. Come out and join them. They curl .every . Monday and Thursday afternoon from four to six p.m. at the K-W “Granite Club on Agnes street in Kitchener. It doesn’t matter how little you know about curling they are anxious to give instruction to beginners. The club is recreation oriented, so if you are looking for a sport which combines fellowship with athletic skills and exercise, give curling a try. For further information contact Terry Olaskey I at 743-0760.
Athletic grants Application forms, for federal government grants-in-aid for student athletes, are available from Carl Totzke, room 2054 PAC. The grant-in-aid program was established to assist the better Canadian student athletes who wish to pursue their educational programs while continuing to make satisfactory progress in their competitive sports -programs. The main goals are to keep Canadian athletes in Canada, and to supplement athletes who are in full training programs in the summer’ and find it impossible to be employed. , Preference will be given to student athletes of national and international status. The need factor will be given consideration known. where Professional athletes, as defined-by the sports governing bodies concerned, are not eligible for consideration. Recipients must be Canadian citizens or have made application for citizenship. . Students applying as hockey players should contact Hockey Canada, P.O. Box 1230, Toronto 7, Ontario. All other national sports are included in this grant program. Following the deadline date, February 15, 1974, national sports governing bodies will rate the applicants in their respective sports. A national selection committee will then review the applications, the ratings of the sports bodies and recommend the 1names of recipients to the Minister. It is hoped that the list of most recipients can be announced about May lst, 1974. However, a portion of the grant fund will be withheld for a further selection of recipients in some summer sports, This selection will be made in September.
10
friday,
the chevron
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)Athenas . : V-ball ’ finalists ld Defending champions from Western again scooped up first place in the women’s 7th Annual Waterloo Invitational Volleyball Tournament. The final, best of three game match versus hosting Waterloo team ended the big two day tourney with scores of 15-3 and 15-12.
The best twelve teams who applied were chosen to play in the round robin tournament last weekend. Some teams such as Lakehead and Michigan State were accepted as entries for the first time. All teams found the Waterloo Invitational an exciting, well organized weekend and consider it a must for fine competition. ‘After two days of round robin play, the Waterloo V. Ballers held top spot, Toronto second, Western third, and McMaster fourth. The semi-finals saw Waterloo defeating Mat and Western outplaying the tough Toronto team for a place in the final match.
final rivals; Waterloo in action against Mat. Being an experienced team in tense final matches, the Westernettes hit the Athenas hard and fast, making it very difficult for the defendants to set up an attack. The ‘bump’ (which is necessary for precise placement of the set) had its downfall in the final. Perhaps this was the result of ‘final match jitters’. Until the score indicated 12-6 in the second game, the Western team held a healthy lead. Slowly but surely the Athenas hustled the points to a tie ball-game at 12-12. From then on only a few mistakes by Waterloo made the match for Western and pinned them as champions for the second consecutive year. Western and Waterloo will meet again in two weeks for league competition in London. The Athenas expect the tables to turn in their favour to retain their lead in the university league schedule. kwas & fuzz
The only Athena loss was to Wallaceburg High School in the first game, which dropped them into the second event category. They went on to defeat Sheridan College to win the second event. The Athena’s played down against Wallaceburg High School again and defeated them to gain a berth in the round robin final. They went on to defeat Sheridan College and St. Clair College to win the Ladies’ Grand Aggregate Championship. The scores of the above games: 8 - 6 Wallaceburg vs. Athenas 1 - 11 Sheridan College vs Athenas 4 - 10 Wallaceburg vs Athenas -I 4 - 6 Sheridan College vs Athenas 4 - 9 St. Clair College vs Athenas _ ., The members of the team this ’ The University of Waterloo will xr#xnw n-n. ycal ale. stage its Fifth International Pat Munroe, skip; Gayle Bower, and Diving meet for vice-skip ; Brenda Grant, second ; Swimming university girls this weekend Anne Mallon, lead. (January 18 and 19). Heading the list of entries will be the defending United States College Champions, the Arizona State Sun Devils. Arizona State has won the United States College Championship in eight of the last ten years. To say that they are a power in the field of swimming is an understatement. \ Arizona last appeared in the The Athenas play hostess to 9 Waterloo International Inother O.W.I.A.A. schools this vitational in 1972. They won the friday and Saturday in a badchampionship on that occasion. minton tournament. The standings The Arizona Sun Devils will be led from before Christmas are: by Maryznne Graham, currently Waterloo 77 pts. ranked tenth in the world in the Western 71 individual medley. Maryanne Toronto 53 represented the United States in Guelph 50 Swimming ChamThree Athenas have not lost a the World pionships held in Belgrade, single match going into their Yugoslavia last summer. singles competition this weekend. Other swimmers from the Sun Ellen Hunter, Maggie Acheson and Devils who will appear in the InSue Hamilton have perfect records ternational Invitational are Libby to date and will try to hold their Tulles, Sally Tuttle and Cappie status against Toronto and Siefarth. All three of these Queen’s this weekend. Our toughest competition is Western, swimmers represented the United States in the World Student Games however, we don’t meet them until held last summer in Moscow. Sally February 8th. Tuttle was selected as the outThe Athenas have an excellent record in their singles match play, standing swimmer of the Games. but as 3 doubles teams, they have not lost a match. This record will probably be very difficult to equal in years to come. Play begins at 2:OO p.m.-4:00 p.m. Friday and , continues on Saturday 9:00-5:OO p.m. in the PAC.
nternational highlights Arizona swimmers
january
18, 1974
s1 -
,
She won three gold medals, one each in the 100 yard freestyle, the 400 yard medley relay and the 400 yard freestyle relay. ’ The defending champions from Michigan State University are expected to provide the stiffest opposition for the Sun Devils. Michigan State will bring 22 competitors. Two of the 22 are outstanding divers. Jane Manchester is the defending United States College Champion while her team-mate, Cheryl Soloman represented the United States in the most recent Maccabean
Athena birds
fly
Games.
Indiana State University will its first appearance in the International Invitational. Indiana will have their outstanding backstroker, Brenda Christ. Other participants from south of the border will be Penn State University, Clarion State and Oswego State University. Rounding out the entry list will be six Canadian University teams led by the defending OWIAA Champions, the University of Waterloo Athenas. The public is invited to attend. There is no _admission charge. Action starts at 8:OOpm today and continues with diving at 9:OOam and swimming starting at noon on Saturday.
make
sporfsweek
Ski club
concentration
and
their
in competition
77, wins
preparation
by the
ZfthW'M
defeflce
were
keys
last weekend.
McMaster attacked the Athenas and ,made winning--tougher than expected. After winning the first game, feet began to drag and the team slowed down. Consequently the ‘never quitting’ team from Mat took the second game and made things much more difficult for Waterloo all around. The Western girls cleaned up in the semi’s against Toronto in _ two snappy games which undoubtedly raised their spirits for the final and gave them a chance *to^.watch their .,
Woniens varsity
Intramural ski instruction will begin on january the 22 and 23. The cost is I2 dollars which includes lessons,, tow passes for the and afternoon, transportation to Chicopee. On February the sixth it is recreation ski and giant slalom race day at Chicopee. Races will be for all skiers both beginners and to
Athenas Swimming
International invitational 8:00 pm tonight Diving 9:00 am swimming 12:00 noon tomorrow Saturday January 19. -.
Badminton
OWIAA Tourney am tomorrow
B-ball
“l% the hardy, adventurous types there will be a caravan of Winnebagos going to the Winter carnival at Quebec City February u the seventh. The 50 dollar cost includes transportation, accommodation and limited food. The curling season got underway Further info on upcoming trips for the Athena curling team this past weekend in the St. Clair willlbe published next week. For more information contact Tom at College Invitational Bonspiel in . ..,,~-L . , _Chatham. -.’ -.. -. - _ _.l-.l 884-9927.
2:00
pm today
At Western January 19 _ Guelph here Thursday January
9:OO
24.
Warrbrs
experienced.
A cross country trip will take place on january 24. The cost of four dollars includes: bus, rentals, instruction, use of the course, a record dance, and a bar will be
here
Swimming
Oakland h&e today 4:00 At Buffalo State January
Hockey
curlincl
B-ball V-ball
At Troy New York January Windsor here 7:00 Sunday barn At Western January 24 At Windsor January At East Stroudsbury At Guelph
January
19 Penn. 20
pm 25-26. 18 Jan.
January
20 at the
22-24
friday,
january
18, 1974
the chevron
Warriors *attaining . /objective-s I Article by, mihail grahame aitkin
murgoci
photos by
With the approachment of the midway point in the basketball season, there arises a compulsion in one, to sit back and make an assessment of the Warriors’ performance. For several reasons, championships have eluded very successful Warrior teams, giving rise this year to such questions as to whether the Warriors are capable of capturing a CIAU championship; whether they have suitable personnel; whether the coaching is adequate. With the loss of such notable backcourt men as Tom Kieswetter, and Steve Ignatavicious, Waterloo has been forced to adopt strict offensive procedures. During the first few games
11
I
the Warriors were extremely proficient in regulating team offense. As this offense improved, it appeared at times, that players would tend to overlook their own individual abilities. During the Golden Boy Tournament, offensive performance developed to the point of becoming static. One of Coach McCrae’s aims, this term, will probably be to replace the static offensive play, with that of a definite fluid nature. During the St. Mary’s ,Invitational Tournament in Halifax, the Warriors executed very fluid offenses against both Loyola and St. Mary’s. Another of McCrae’s aims this year will be to create a good rebounding team. There is no doubt in most minds that Waterloo has the best rebounding team in the country.
The Warriors have been concerned about the number of turnovers and errors they haves committed. Turnovers cost the game to, St. Mary’s. All basketball teams commit ‘turnovers. They are usually committed when players lose concentration, while in the act of passing the ball. There is no assurance that the number of errors will decline. It is a problem that must be discussed, understood and worked at. The Warrior basketball team consists of a fine group of athletes. Each player has his abilities and limitations. As the season progresses, there is no doubt that Warrior fans will be entertained with a good brand of basketball and that when Saturday, March 9 arrives, they will see their tea-m in the CIAU championship.
12
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friday,
chevron
Research Papers
januari
18,
1974
-\
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BACHELOR OF EDUCATION The Faculty of Education invites university graduates and undergraduates > who expect to receive their Bachelor’s degree by September, 1974, to apply for admission to the Bachelor of Education degree prdgram which leads to Ontario teacher certification for elementary or secondary schools. Mr. Harry Oikle, Registrar of the Faculty of Education, Queen’s University, will meet interested students iti Room 150 of the Physics Building at 3:30 p.m., Tuesday, January 22, 1974, to provide information concerning the Bachelor of Education program. For additional information amd an application form telephone 613-547-6280 or write to: _. .\ The Registrar Faculty of Education Queen’s University 1 Kingston, Ontario.
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friday,
january
18, 1974
the
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13
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Division within the Federation of Students has often been the result of the artificial rift between ‘entertainment’and ‘politics’. The operative myth in this situation is that entertainment must be consumption-oriented, a commodity to be bought - and sold; it is a myth which has been fosteredparticularly this year-by would-be student businessmen who emphasize efficiency at the cost of creativity. In the two articles \on these pages, Terry Moore and Susan Johnson examine the behind-the-scenes mechanisms by which the goods of entertainment are delivered to the students, and focus on the roles played by the two key figures within that structure, Board of Entertainment chairman Art Ram, and Director of Activities Joe Recchia. A third article looks at the ways in which the entertainment/politics separation has been exploited in past federation presidential election campaigns, and suggests that ‘the rift has been used to mask issues of _genuine importance.
Behidthe scenes at
Fun Palace (U of Waterloo)
For many people on this campus the most important function of the Federation of Students is providing the students with all sorts of entertainment that will serve to justify the twentyOktoberfest special and work on getting a pertwo dollar fee taken out of their pockets every manent pub on campus. This time the salary was year. To answer these demands the federation $115, since all federation employees were granted grants the Board of Entertainment $42,000 per raises at the end of September. year-the largest amount devoted to any single This is the first year that the federation has employed anyone exclusively to handle ensector of the organization. tertainment . Previously, an honorarium was Last February when Art Ram applied for the job of managing the board, Federation President available for the chairperson, and “director of Andrew Telegdi had just been elected on a massactivities” Joe Recchia was paid a set amount of media campaign. He promised a more efficient $1,500 for his services. This year, things were organization and cheaper concerts. Ram caught going to be run well, be successful, breakeven or his attention by presenting a forty-page brief perhaps even make a little bit of money, satisfy explaining his qualifications and his plans for the the students and simply cleanup the record of the up-coming year if he was chosen by council for the federation running less than perfectly organized events. Hopefully, Ram would also leave behind job. He also promised good management. With him some sort of legacy in the form of a perTelegdi’s backing, Ram got the job. Within six weeks Ram was hired as one of the manent pub and a tradition of an on-campus summer employees at a salary of $90 per week. Oktoberfest. The rationale was that he would be able to devote The summer was quiet at Waterloo with only a all .his time to improving the operations of the few pubs in comparison with the numbers of Board of Entertainment. His term was supposed previous years and the board concerned itself to last until the end of September but, at the with little else. Initially Ram had a policy of his board-on advice from crucial moment, cheaper prices for women so that the pubRam -recommended to council that he be hired population would be more acceptable to the for the rest of this fiscal year. The rationale then , deprived engineers on campus for the summer was that , he from- within and :, toP orga,n$$ec 5the* * w I i ,teSm. >This policy was criticized - : was , need*e>d
without the federation and eventually Ram dropped the price structure. The board managed to break even on the summer-something that is new to the federation. - With this ‘success’ to its credit, the Ram group began planning for Oktoberfest. It received ~encouragement from most-though not all-of the societies, and from its professional advisor Joe Recchia. All thought that students would be overjoyed to see this perverse local ritual come to the campus centre. Criticism of the idea was fired at the board mostly from two groups: the chevron and the campus centre turnkeys. Some unaffiliated students also objected to their building being closed when the actual event took place. Oktoberfest was not a decision made by the federation councilthe matter was never brought to them for detailed consideration. The Board of Entertainment took it upon itself to handle the entire project without council’s consent. The federation council is supposed to discuss and decide upon any matter that will entail a re-. allocation of the budget; the Board of Entertainment thought that Oktoberfest would be popular, and since it had the endorsement of the major societies that the whole project would be a financial success. Oktoberfest -was planned as a totally break-even venture. Unfortunately for everyone, particularly Ram, the board had it figured wrong. Students were not interested in paying two dollars to enter what they had always known as their building. On the first day the staff had little else to do besides . drink and watch each other. By the end of the day everyone was predicting how much was going to be lost. Business did not pick up much during the week either. Ram opened the doors after the first day, so that until six every night students could enter the pub free. Food services catered the pub with imitation German food, and one of the lounges was turned into a miniature penny arcade. But these tempting tidbits did not attract the crowd that Ram needed to save Oktoberfest, and by the end of the week long binge, tentative calculations put the losses as high/as $10,000. At the end of last term Ram presented council with a final statement of his venture-losses were $6,815, though he tempers this statement with the sunny thought that the two thousand mugs __ _ ^ _ I - _ ” I ^ - _- _ . “. - .. . -. - ^ continued on -page- 14 -
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he still has from this ‘year’s fiasco might come in handy if Oktoberfest comes to campus next year, or if Waterloo ever does get that permanent pub. Ram has been somewhat more successful, in financial terms, with the concerts the board has managed to present, although it would be difficult not to be successful given the fact that the Board of Entertainment did not put up the money for the concerts. The two largest concerts of last term (Guess Who and Frank Zappa) were promoter-run and promoter-controlled. The federation was guaranteed, on both occasions, $500 from the promoter no matter how successful the evening. There was no way that the Board of Entertainment could lose money on these concerts, but neither could it exercise much control over the price of the events. . Telegdi had promised last spring that he would revive the $1.50 concert; with the Board of Entertainment opting for promoter-run concerts he could not follow through on his promise. Angered by this, Telegdi bypassed the board and I took the matter straight to council. They sided with him and forced the prices down on the Zappa concert from $3.50 to $2.50. The board was upset but there was little they could do-council is the final voice of the federation. Hired on the basis of his superior management ability, Ram has yet to prove himself. The pubs have been fairly well handled but there have been many complaints about his ruthless manner in dealing with clubs such as gay lib, to whom he unilaterally refused the right to run a pub. He called the club a security risk. His board sided with the club and ordered Ram to make a public statement via the chevron retracting his previous complaints against the group-Ram has yet to provide the chevron with such a statement. A major complaint against Ram has been his inability to work with the people he hires and, often, fires. His attitude was pointed out in a letter of resignation written by Hal Mitchell last October. Mitchell was Ram’s personnel coordinator, and at the time of his resignation had found he could no longer work for Ram, who had apparently criticized the people Mitchell had rounded up for Board of Entertainment jobs. :.. Mitchell wrote: “But it seems that because they were different than you, in that they could do a job in a calm, relaxed way rather than always worrying (I mean they have enough compassion and sense of fair play to handle any situation that may arise) you come to the conclusion that they’re not the type of people you want. working for the board,. . My feelings towards you and the board (the way it functions as a minidictatorship) make it impossible for me to continue in my present position on the BOE. Maybe my replacement will be more to your liking.” i Even Ram’s best friends will admit that he ‘.... does not know how to get along with people, but they also claim that this is not necessary to his in which they see him fulfilling a _ job, management, rather than participatory, role. There is general- agreement among his backers ’ that Ram is superbno one better could be found. But his record does not live up to these accolades. With very careful planning, Ram will manage to keep within his budget, but there has been little obvious change resulting from his management. Ram’s hoped-for legacy of a permanent pub ’ and Oktoberfest on campus have little, if anything, to do with his chairmanship of the board. No matter whose idea Oktoberfest was, it was not a success. The permanent pub has been brought to us, not by Ram or anyone else, but rather by the government of Ontario. New legislation has eliminated the special occasion licences under which pubs were previously run, with the idea of forcing campuses either to have permanent pubs or to stop them altogether, forcing them to the downtown est$blishments. If Waterloo is going to be granted a permanent license, it has to prove itself to the Liquor Licence Board of Ontario. It has nothing to do with whether Ram or Telegdi are in office. The Federation of Students has been scheming for a permanent pub for several years but the necessary legislation was not in existence. When c Bill 146 passes, the university will get a permanent license. The federation may get a permanent pub, but to do so it will have to approach the university administration.
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Ithing / I’ve done. -I control use I do it @ht. ” 4oe
Recchia
Art Ram’s closest associate, confidant, and the man behind entertainment at Waterloo, is Joe Recchia. Recchia has been working with the federation for years in the capacity of a private advisor and small time promoter. He started out his career organizing dances at Seagrams Stadium in his first year at university in 1962. At the time, Waterloo did not have a student federation, and the campus knew nothing of the pubs and concerts w’hich presently make up the bulk of most student entertainment. Recchia was working only for the class of ‘68 engineers. The profits became too much for him and his buddies to handle, and the four enterprising young men, including Recchia, created a new company called DRAM-the name taken from the initials of their last names. After a short time DRAM recognized that promoting was becoming much too risky-the costs were up and the profits were down. The group decided to move into another field and took out an agent’s license. They became ‘sellers of talent’ rather than ‘buyers of talent’. After three years Recchia broke with DRAM and started his own agency. He was not happy with the direction being taken by DRAM and was interested in moving out more than he had been able to do in the organization. Recchia saw potential in the university communities that until this time had been wide open for anybody. In 1967 he approached Waterloo and explained what he could do for them-the advantages of having Recchia on their side. He had been involved in the university entertainment programs and after his break with DRAM he applied to the university federation for a job as entertainment coordinator and he got it. In a short time DRAM and Recchia managed to settle their differences and Recchia returned to the fold for one more year. The second time he left because he was the only part-time person employed by DRAM and he felt that the other people were getting advantages that he was not enjoying. These days, Recchia describes himself as a a- function he fulfills for the “Freelance. buyer”, University of Waterloo, Wilfred Laurier and Conestoga College. He arranges all the pub bands and the concerts. His job involves making sure that the act shows up at the arranged time, at the right place and is paid the agreed amount. Recchia serves as a go-between for the acts and the schools. His concern with the act ends when the promoter has been paid and when the act does the show. He advises the promoters and the schools as to how to go about advertising for any particular show. He is the resident expert on Kitchener-Waterloo and how to go about selling an act in this area: Recchia characterizes the K-W area this way. “The people in this city are not very quick to spend their money, in fact this area is notorious in the retail trade. It took ,Woolco five years to get on its feet in this city, where it usually takes only one to one-and-a-halfyears. This is one of the toughest cities in Canada to operate in. People hold onto their money and only when they know it’s a very good thing do they spend it. Entertainment is not something that people can easily justify to themselves.” The Board of Entertainment is a main concern of Recchia’s and he has a vested interest in the upcoming election. He objects- to any political interference with the actions of the board. To him entertainment is a business and there is no room for politics; it is a business where talent is bought and sold and the audience is entertained. There is no room for involvement of the audience or the entertainers during any BOE production. In a chevron interview Recchia admitted that the board would likely support a candidate in the
election. This candidate would be harmless to the board, content to let them go their own way. Recchia disagrees strongly with the way Telegdi has handled his relations with the board during his term: “If a president does not like the chairman of the board he should then fire the chairman, he should never try to run the board.” Recchia would like to see the board split from the federation. He sees politics, or what the federation politics involves, as being detrimental to the operations of the board-“’ hate politics.” Recchia is happy in his relationship with Ram. Apparently they like e_ach other and respect each other tremendously. Ram says of Recchia that he is the best person in Ontario for the kind of work that he does. Recchia thinks Ram is a good business man-the right kind of person for entertainment. The major forms of entertainment on campus are controlled by business men like Recchia, who regard the shows as business ventures and nothing else. Any one individual or organization ~aspiring to enter into this cultural marketplace must take into account the, reality of this working situation. In this business, people are simply acts to be bought and sold, and consumers to be attracted. Hopefully, this does not mean that nothing can be done to change the present nature of entertainment or the relationships perverted by the hegemonic business interests. But an understanding of this reality is a prerequisite to any endeavours to bring about change. Joe Recchia as the ‘buyer of talent’ for the
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federation is a business man who gets his fun out of the strange world of music because it is a diversion from his straight job with B .F. Goodrich. His standard for judging quality rarely causes him to question anything more than the technical skills of any particular group or artist. Certainly, a concern over the relationship between those being entertained and those doing the entertaining has not been overly apparent in the events he has been instrumental in organizing. \But then again, Recchia’s relationship with the federation is supposedly one of employer to employee, and his-responsibilities are limited to handling the contractual aspects of any particular event. When the musicians turn up his job is done. Questions of what to run, and the physical operation of the actual event, are the responsiblity of the Board of Entertainmentspecifically Ram. However, Recchia has more of a pervasive influence this year than ever before due to his mentor-protege relationship with Ram. Although Ram lacks Recchia’s enterpreneurial savvy, he does share the same point of view towards entertainment, consciously or unconsciously disregarding content criticisms which should be part of his job. Ram has successfully avoided having to deal with those who pay his salary, by paying others to do his job for him. He rarely graces the campus with his presence, preferring to work during the evenings at Recchia’s home in Kitchener. Even by. his own standards, one would have to question his performance. I
The myth of campus elections Federation elections have seldom, if ever, been fought over fundamental issues. Such concerns as the quality of education, the-role of the university in society, and the poverty of student life are of prime importance, but by themselves they would appear to make inadquate election platforms. As a result, persons running ,for federation president, and therefore for control of the administrative levers of the organization, have found it necessary to include all sorts of other goodies in their platforms in order to appeal to ‘the students’. Invariably, this has meant that ‘entertainment’, as the most visible of federation functions, has been a major ‘issue’ around which candidates have organized. The students, who have no relationship with the federation other than through its service functions, are therefore open to manipulation by those seeking election. Those candidates possessing genuine concern regarding educational and political activities, and who therefore see entertainment as only one aspect of the federation’s proper frame of reference, are at a distinct disadvantage when attempting to gain power. This situation is partially due to a long-established tradition of the federation doing things for students. As a semiprofessional social committee, the federation has become a prisoner of the structures and modes of operation that grow out of this kind of singleness of purpose. A different task would require a different kind of organizational structure and strategy. Elections, occurring in this social context, reflect the lack of interest within the student body for the day-to-day operation of’the student government. Accordingly, candidates continue to relate to the students as merely apathetic objects, through which power must be acquired. While all hope for a revival of politics on this campus does not rest with the federation, one must admit that it offers the best possibility of all the existing campus organizations. However, if all that the future holds is repetition of 1973’s election between Telegdi and Roberts, the federation may well have to be written off as so much excess, bureaucracy. During ther last campaign, Telegdi attempted to appeal to the students by portraying himself as the defender of the the federation’s service role against the confrontation politics of Shane Roberts. By promising to revive $1.50 concerts and to clean up the alleged financial shortcomings of the previous administration, Telegdi manipulated the situation to his advantage. Roberts, on the other hand, failed to impress
upon the students that he was in no way interested in curtailing or eliminating entertainment, but simply wanted the federation to do other things as well By not getting to the students, he was condemned to lose the election, Telegdi’s media campaign delivering the necessary subliminal vote. An overwelming 19 per cent of the electorate turned out, or perhaps more accurately, stumbled onto the various strategically-placed polling stations. Once again, the federation offices became rife with conversations about the apathetic masses, and once again the federation embarked on another ‘fulfilling students’ needs’ campaign of pubs and concerts and pubs and more pubs. Students should get what they want, said Telegdi. The engineers wanted more women at their pubs, so the Board of Entertainment lowered the admission price for women. Simple problem, simple solution. After all, we have to start from where students are at, don’t we? Another election will be upon us very soon. The issues? For starters, how would you like a fulltime pub on campus? It’s been in the works for years but, then again, what do the students know? Then there is the people’s pin-ball machines or that old standby, the parking and towing situation. The ice-rink looks like it’s had it but maybe the U of W Act is good for one more throw. The real issue/of this campaign, as with all others before it, is not the amount of entertaimnent on campus, or how well the record store is managed, it is rather who is going to control the Federation of Students for the next year. Someone may genuinely want to fundamentally change the relationship between the students and the federation. However, such a person or group of persons would also be hestitant to undertake the traditional media campaign. On the other hand, ‘an ‘engage the people’ effort would be extremely difficult given the separation between the students and the federation. If the goal is to confront the daily reality of student life, and the federation is seen as the vehicle which can begin this process then a new strategy is required. Somehow the traditional relationship between organizer and the people has to change. Students must get to know each other, and through jointly attacking common problems develop a strong sense of cohesion and solidarity. Real human links, as opposed to functional links, are the order of the day. Perhaps this election will signal a change.
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L.L.B.O. regularequire that tions age and university identification be checked from now on. A member is allowed to sign in one non-member as a guest. Members are: faculty, staff & students of the University of Waterloo, Wilfrid Laurier University, and Conestogâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;a Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;College. \ Member prices however apply to undergraduate students of the above.
B. of Entertainment invites your suggestions for YOUR pub. Pub open 12-1 Mon-Fri 8-l -Sat Suggestion box at Pub entrance Art Ram B. of Ent. I
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\_ ART GALLERY University of Waterloo SUN. JAN. 20 230 p.m. FILMS: STORYTELLERS OF THE CANTERBURY GOD’S MONKEY IMAGES MEDIEVALES GARDEN OF EARTHLY DELIGHTS Theatre of the Arts Free Admission
JAN. 23,24 & 25 - 11:30 a.m. THE STRONGER - Drama by Auguste St rind berg Directed by Dennis Johnson Two actresses present two versions of this the wife and the mistress interchangeably Humanities Theatre Free Admission \
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COMING SOON SUN. JAN. 27 - 8 p..m. BARRY WILLS QUINTET Theatre of the Arts Free Admission
(Jazz
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Whe n Flowers 0 Sing A problem never quite satisfactorily resolvedwith regard to theatre-or any art form ,-for that matter-is the question of what is good and why. Does theatre exist simply to entertain, a situation of art for art’s sake, or is theatre there td inform. Theatre is a medium by the Wells, now playing at the St. _ There are some other sub-plots to which the artistically inclined Lawrence Centre in Toronto, is to the play but they have nothing or , might choose in order to inform, be commended. The set design as less to say. To be more exact ahd to reflect on culture as it acts well as the direction, especially about the story line, a beautiful, on the individual in society and that whic,h concerns the young but immature actress by so doing allow play in people’s - beginning and ending of scenes is Rose Trelawny , falls in love with lives. Certainly if the playwrite just short of brilliant. The actin a shallow but ‘rich young can arouse awareness in his throughout is excellent and one aristocrat, Arthur Gower. To audiences he provides them a tool would be hard pressed to try and inaugurate the actr&s in the by which they can change single out any one actor as being proper forms of gentility she is to themselves and quite possibly better than any other in the cast. live with the family (needless to even have an effect on society. The play is a mild satire of say sans boy friend) in order to But most certainly the two Victorian England. The plot acquire proper manners. positions are not counterposed. vulgarly represented is: The si&aiion turns out to be bOY If indeed art is only meant to meets and falls in love with girl; untenable for all concerned. Rose represent form, then Trelawny of boy loses girl; boy wins back girl. is a young boisterous girl of nineteen who has just come from a very loud, happy go lucky enviroment. The family is reserved and subdued with a very dictatorial grandfather. On one particular night a confrontation Jan. 18 - 20 Fri. thru Sun. arises the result of which send‘s Rose back to the stage. However I colour. Adult it is an altered Rose Trelawny, no John Knowles’ novel about two boys growing up together is-the basis for this film. longer the shallow actressthe “I like this film very much...Brilliant, Heartwarming, engrossing.“-Barbara audience now sees a mature, Goldsmith, Harper’s Bazaar. refined woman who can no longer stoop to blurt out the absurd Jan. 22 1 24 Tues. thru Thurs. lines in an enthusiastic fashion i that is demanded of her. It is this P colour. very moment- within the plot of Woody Allen bought a james Bond style, Japanese film, set in modern Japan and the play that brings out the starring Japanese actors. He removed the original so6ndtrack and wrote a new plot question of what is the purpose, and put his own soundtrack on the film, using English language actor’s voices. The the value of theatre. Arthur .escapes the clutches of family and he too pursues a career on the stage. By the good Jan. 18 & 19 fortune .of a mutual friend they Matinee Sat. at 2 PM. are reunited in order to act in a play together. And as .in all Victorian plays of this ilk all color. tui-ns out for the best and Apple Films, THE BEATLES,“Nothing is Real!” everyone gets their just reward in the end. National Film Theatre - Trelawny of the Walls is &ost 21 Jan 74 7PM certainly a pleasant and mildly , WAY OUT WEST and A CHUMP AT OXFORD humorous two and a half hours to Way Out West; U.S.A., 1936; dir. Hal Roach; B&W 63 min. English. As tenderfdot prospectors, Laurel and Hardy arrive in a small western town in search of a girl sit through. However when the who has been willed a gold mine. Considered one of,their best feature films. question of content arises this Chump at Oxford; U.S.A., 1940; Hal Roach; 40 bin., B&W. E,nglish. As street play is vapid. The irony’ of this sweepers, Laurel and Hardy thwart a bank robbery and are rewarded with an emptiness lies in the fact that education at Oxford University where they appear in Eton suits. twice within the dialogue of Alive Varietv and Cultural Show the play, the importance of w 21 Jan 74 9:30PM reflecting reality as it is lived by Dick Knechtel music and songs & Candle Don Blair-double bass, Arnold most people is expressed. But yet Snyder-pianq and voice, Bernie Carrol-drums. the play itself reflects an overall Light rock and blues with a touch of jazz attitude which is diametrically
A Se&mate
Peace,
Wh’at’sUp, Tiger Lily?
IkiIDNIGHT SHOW
Yellow
Submarine
opposed to any notion of reality. Trelawny is neither a particularly funny nor biting satire, nor does it offer any social or political insights, nor is it of any historical value. And therefore the question as to why anyone would bother with it must be asked. Most certainly the esellent acting and direction could have been put to better use. -mel
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gcatching In the past three years, a/cult following has surrounded tha’t “silly” group of English comics, Monty Python’s Flying Circus. For those who have put up with such outrageous assaults on their senses as Monty Pytho’n provides, no introduction to their antics is necessary. British humour, so often using understatement to achieve its desired effect, is an acquired taste for most. Yet many people, raised on the hyperbole of American wit (“My wife was so ugly that ...“) d ismiss it out of hand. Now, Python mania is seemingly at a peak, with the appeakance of The Brand New Monty Python Bok (Eyre Methuen), a new series of television shows on CBLT, channel 5 (Thursdays at midnight) and this week’s Federation Flicks offering of And Now For Something Completeljr-Different ..
Different it is, for Monty Python is comedy raised to an absurd level, finding no North American equivalent. Its creators seem at home in any medium,’ having worked successfully on stage, screen, television, records and in print. It is on television .however, that the Python’s met with their original success and it is from this source that their other material originates. Their movie And Now For Something Completely Different, their first book Monty Python’s Big Red Book (which was actually blue-covered) 1 and their first recordings were culled from the original series of thirteen weekly programmes, seen nearly three years ago on the CBC. _ Similarly, The Brand Ne& Monty Python Bok and subsequent recordings have continued their brand of irreverent silliness. It is questionable for instance whether their new publication is actually a book. Most of the pages are unnumbered and the title page is inserted halfway through the text. Fake ads are run (“I’ll make you a Master of Llap-Goch, The Secret Welsh Art of Self Defence”), along with recipes (e.g. Rat -Souffle) and God’s report card (100 in Latin but only 28 in Biology because he “thinks he knows it all”). The peopte who create this material are, not surprisingly, all stark raving mad. Most of them have written previously for the BBC. Neil Innis is a former member of the Bonzo Dog Band, the English brand of insanity akin to the Mothers of Invention. Ultimately though, much of the credit for Monty Python must go the group’s central figure and mentor, John Cleese. He is a lawyer by training, a fact reflected in the’team’s marvelous command l of the English language. Cleese, in an ‘interview with Fred Davis, stated that his two principal tools in the creation of Monty Python were the Oxford English Dictionary and Roget’s Thesaurus. The group successfully toured Canada last summer with a stage version of their madness. Their American debut, a seven minute spot on The Johnny Carson Show was well received but soon forgotten, as was their movie, which played only short runs in New Yorly 2nd Chicago. Waterloo students, participants and spectators in one of the longestrunning jokes of all, would be. well advised to invest 75 cents in the Federation Flicks this weekend. Beware though, for Python Mania is infectious. J / I, if’i * -john buc@orougtx !
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D&m returns Bob Dylan made his return to Toronto before more than 38,000 almost reverent fans in Maple Leaf Gardens last week. Dylan and his now famous back up, The Bandyplayed a fast moving three hour set characterized by an almost total abscence of any verbal communication from the stage. For many in the packed stadium, Bob Dylan was the most outstanding public figure of the sixties. To a generation whose music was their most personal art form, Dylan was a figure they could not touch or talk to, but, in many respects made public the mass feelings they shared. And now, more than ten years after his first. album, after marriage and family, after near _death in an almost legendary motorcycle accident, on the eve of his thirty third birthday, Bob Dylan was making-a return to the concert stage: In an incredibly well organized tour comprising of some forty concerts spread over forty-three days, and expected to gross over four million dollars, the Bob Dylan myth was on the road again. From the beginning, the tour had an air of unreality about it. On December first, of last year, less than five weeks before the opening of the tour in Chicago, ads appeared in the major papers of twenty-five cities detailing the precise procedure for obtaining mail order tickets. As expected by the many Dylan devotees who jammed post offices to i buy money orders, j the:
658,000 tickets, ranging in price from $6.50 to $9.50 were immediately sold out. It was estimated that almost two million envelopes were received before local box offices asked the post office to stop delivering requests. As the concert date approached, rumours began circulating that good tickets to the concert were fetching upward of one hundred dollars each. Whether the scalpers were getting this is speculation, but by the time the lights dimmed, the excitement, (like the marajuana smoke) hung thickly in the air. Dylan, followed by The Band, walked quickly to the front of the stage, while the audience cheered and shouted his name, tuned quickly and immediately began to play * From the hard driving rock opening of Rainy Day Women, (“well I would not feel so all alone/everybody must get stoned...) to the expected rousing finish of Like A Rolling Stone, the concert was remarkable in the fact that it contained almost no surprises. Dylan, whose whole history has centered around artistic turnabouts that have included switching from folk to rock idioms in startling to country music succesion, seems to have definitely given radical musical exploration. up most Though most of the music was reworked versions of earlier material, even his few new songs were similar, and, sadly, not as good as his past hits. But the audience was not there for surprises. They were there to be with Dylan and more than anything else, that is what they were given-that, and an evening of superlative, though unexciting muscianship. The music, like the whole of the tour, seemed very finely programmed and extremely tightly scripted. Spontaneity just was not a part of the concert. Even the standing ovation at the beginning and end when the performers had left the stage seemed almost a part of I t the ritual., q 1 I d I v I
In one respect, The Band are eminently suited to Dylan. Without question, these four Canadians and one American are among the finest musicians in contemporary music. Their sound is tight, disciplined, and exciting in a r controlled and somewhat subdued way. Though not nearly as prolific as Dylan, each of their albums have been major musical achievments. In concert, like Dylan, they are there to present their music. No flash, no show biz tricks, just music, fast and well executed. But last week, though nominally sharing the tour with Dylan, in reality, The Band acted like only the back up group. Possibly by design, or because they were simply having an off night, The Band, who are capable stealing the show from even a super-star with Dylan’s stature allowed themselves to be overshadowed. Even their solo set seemed over cautious and extremely self conscious. The techmque was there, the guts not. The concert did have have some high moments. Most notable was the set Dylan did alone with only an acoustic guitar and harmonica. His prophetic It’s All Right Ma, [I’m Only Bleeding] sung to a hushed audience seemed to summarize the greatness that was Bob Dylan. It is an extremly sensitive song that, Dylan, in an interview many years earlier had said he could not sing again “because there are too many words to remember”. But remember it he did. By the end of the concert, however, the nervous excitement and tension had been dissipated. Curiously contented smiles were on-most faces as they filed neat and orderly into the street and down to the subway in a continuous line. But as everyone slipped home, one comment kept being made in slightly hushed tones; “I sure wish he would have said something”. And so do I. : ,I. / > *,,.*rr .ivm zendeb .
19
by tom marzotto
~Coming soon:. . January
17 to 20
Federation
Flicks
8: 00 p-.m .-Gangbusters Chapter 2 8:30 p.m. -The Big Broadcast (1932) The Big Broadcast has George Burn’s failing radio station saved at the last minute by an onslaught of guest stars. George Burns, Gracie Allen, Bing Crosby, Kate Smith. 10:00 p.m.And Now For Something Completely Different, Monty Python Comedy. January 8:OO p.m.
24 to 27 Fed Gangbusters
Flicks Chapter
3
8: 30 p.m. Cleopatra (1934) Taking off from Ptolemy’s tale, Cecil B. DeMille fashioned one of Hollywood’s greatest romances with a cast of thousands. 10:00 p.m. Oliver, and Ron Moody
starring
Oliver
Reed
January 16-19 Staircase -a touching British comedy Humanities Theatre at 8:15 January 23-25 The Stronger -a play with two interpretations 11: 30 Humanities Theatre free January
28 Black
Theatre
8:00 p.m. A Czechoslavakian ,..,,,...,.:~...“...---..-. . . r ^.
of Prague Mime
Play
20
;he chevron
friday,
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THEBOOKBARN
18, 1974
TRY OiJR
WATERLOO,
12 KING STm N
january
E&BUSTER
ONTm
THE JOY of SEX presently available in/ hard-back for the low price of $11.00 regularly $14.95. 1 \ 1 But if you’re celibate this week come in anyway. We have a’ fine selection ranging from the grotesque to the obscene. Classics, social science books, art books and light reading, it is -. I all here if not we will order it.
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friday,
january
the chevron
18, 1974
Finally, more and more men are beginning t.o understand that contraception has to be t.heir concern as well as that of their lovers. Unfortunately, to date only, one metshod has become available to men [excluding the lowly condom]; -this being the vasectomy. Since vasectomies are virtually permanent it has taken quite some time for this simple operation to gain popularity among the male members - of the population. Bernard Abrams describes his experience in this article reprinted from Ms. magazine. ..._.cc On the stoop in front of the brownitone that houses the Margaret Sanger _Research Bureau in New York City, the five of us greeted each other like lifelong buddies. Though we had met only a week earlier, and then just for a short time, we shook hahds, slapped backs, and asked about the conditions of each other’s . penises. For each of us returning to the clinic for postoperative checkups following vasectomy, the accidental meeting was exactly what we needed. It gave-us a spontaneous opportunity to release months of built-up anticipation, to reinforce our satisfaction at what brave men we were, and (for me) it, 3 .capped a sequence of experiences r\anging from the fearful to the farcical. My initial interest in male sterilization was born during a conversation with my publisher, who, it turned out, had had his operation eight years earlier, but only felt free to discuss it after a long article on the subject had appeared in the Wall Street Journal. I had rea_d the article, too - and was especially impressed by the story of the motorcycle cop who lay down on a urologis!‘s table, had his vasectomy, and then jumped on his bike and buzzed back to work. (In retrospect, I’d’ say he must have had a leather scrotum.) My curiosity was growing; but, after I learned the clinical facts of the operation, so wbs my fear. I realize’d there were plenty of statistics supporting the operation’s safety. But when it’s your scrotum, numbers fail to comfort. Still, in theory at least, I felt it would be a great thing to do. Not only would Sheila and I be able to skip the clumsy and timewasting mechanical contraceptives, but for me it would mean a s&t of gift for us. She ha&&eady given me something very special-twice. Her choice of the Lamaze method,of childbirth made it possible for me to take part in the births of our two children. Now that we knew ihat we wanted to have no ,more, it could relieve her of the burden of contraception for,the rest of our lives. So. the idea of a vas”ectomythe perfect gift for both of uswouldn’t leave me. And when I thought of it, I was afraid. Conviction finally triumphed over fear, and one morning I announced to Sheila my intention to have a vasectomy. She smiled, said she thought it was marvelous, and then asked: “Are you doing it for me, or for yourself? ” “For both of us,” I said, meaning I wasn’t sure. I was also a little put off: I guess I expected her to pick me up and march around the kitchen, cheering. No accounting for the ego. At my bffice, the response was more dramatic: “I think you’re screwy,” “You’ll never make it as a bearded soprano, ” and other such comments. This surprised me until I realized I had spent months .getting used to the idea myself. Okay, I thought, I’ll be the different drummer. I decided to go to the Sanger clinic out of sentimental attachment. Sheila had her first diaphragm fitted there, and had many comforting things to say about the -Bureau’s liberated attitude toward sex; an ,- attitude I figured I needed if I was to get past the door. First I was given a physical
\
_I Vasec.tomy: \ -.
Refrain from sexuel intercourse for 48 hours). There was also the name and number of a 24-hour-duty surgeon if complications developed. And one other thing: a little golden pin in the shape of the ring-and-arrow male symbol-but with a tiny section removed from the ring. For the first tim#e in days, I laughed. . Coming ho&e we were greeted by a relieved pair of children. Sheila explained Daddy musn’t ‘be bugged for a few days. The kids cooperated, and she gu’ided me to bed, brought me a drink and an icebag and treated me, generally, like a king. I liked it. All was still when we went to sleep-or rather to bed, since after a couple of hours of staring ceil&ward, I realized that I couldn’t sleep on my back. I finally fell asleep at about 6 A .M . an@ reverted to my belly-down position. As soon as I rolled over, I jumped up’. There was some bleeding, but I also discovered that, structurally at least, I was still potent. I woke Sheila up to tell her the good news. She was pleased, but agreed I should call the surgeon. He answered after only two rings. When I said I was erect and there was some bleeding, he said I had two alternatives. “You can will your penis to the Smithsonian Institution, or take two aspi!ins and go back to, sleep.” The next day went nicely, there in bed. I tried td read and write, but my mind kept coming back to the fact. (“Seventeen hours since the operation. Will I stop noticing soon?“) Toward evening, we ‘statied to get ready to go out. Before we knew when the vasectomy would be scheduled, Sheila had bought tickets to a Broadway musical, and figured on dinner out, too. A late celebration of my birthday. The drive wasn’t bad, but the seats in the restaurant were hard. And the theatre seats didn’t help either. By Monday I was back to normal. I did have a little discomfort from the “suspysory ” I had to wear for a while. But that was because I kept putting it on wrong.’ By~he time of the reunion in front of the Sanger clinic, we were all back to normal, plea’sed and reassured at meeting each other. Looking back, I suspect it was one of the great moments in male understanding and communication for any of us’.
e
a real alternative in contraception 1
checkup. Then Sheila staff psychologist. She painted a reastic picture of the procedure for us,--then asked why we wanted to have the operation. She also wanted to know what we’d do if anything happened to our children. Sheila answered, putting words to my thoughts, that they weren’t parts of a machine which could be replaced with-other parts. Finally, the psychologist asked if we had any questions. Before I could catch myself, I asked, “Will it hurt?” She said there would possibly be a few days of discomfort after the operation, but that a local anesthetic would make the vasectomy itself virtually’ painless. I felt somewhat satisfied, though still afraid. A month later, the formal invitation arrived. D-Day was set for Friday, February 19, the day after my birthday. I took that as a good omen. Having the operation on Friday, the notice read, would give me the weekend to recuperate. As my birthday came, however, my courage ebbed. Though Sheila and the kids were especially nice to me, it was a lousy thirty-seventh birthday. In the waiting room outside the operating theatre, I took some comfort from the apparent nervousness of the five others who were also scheduled for the operation that afternoon. We went in two at a time; I was the sixth. That gave those of us in the waiting room a chance to get to know a bit more about each other and our reasons for being there. Most of them were there for reasons not too different
2 1
from ours. One man was only 24. He and his wife had four kids. They didn’t want tc give up sex, just children. Another mar was a bachelor who had no intention 01 fathering any child. His motives were his own.‘There was one who was happy in his job, knew he would never make much money, and wasn’t going to spend it raising children he didn’t really want, Then, just as my turn came, the first man emergedstill subdued, b,ut smiling, Well, I thought, he lived through it. I was further reassured when I entered the operating theatre. The room was divided into two roomti by drapes, and despite the fact that an operation was being performed behind the curtains, I heard no yelling. It was all more humane than I expected. A nurse asked whether I would rather clasp my hands behind my head or across my tihest. No scratching down there, please. And one of the’ surgeons was a woman. She asked whether I minded. I was pleased and I toid her so. The needle hurt, but that was the only real pain. Fortunately, I couldn’t look. My knees did buckle as I stepped off the table afterward, but that was a response to looking down at my bloody gown. After I’d.dressed, I was taken to the recovery room, where Sheila joined me. On the way out, I received a goody bag from a nurse. It contained changes of dressings, a container for a sperm sample, and. a sheet of instructions (Number 1:
The chevron talked to Waterloo’s Health Services this week about the possibilities of vasectomies being done on campus. Head Nurse Shirley Gutenburg explained that Health Services does not have an official policy on vasectomy because, as yet, they have not encountered very many men demanding the operation. The decision about the operation is up to the individual doctorthey are under no direction from the clinic on this matter. Dire&or of Health Services, Daniel Andrew, elaborated on the situation. He knows of no doctors in town who will perform a vasectomy for a single man with no children-no matter how adamant the person. Few doctors -are willing to be part of t.hat decision and few will accept that at university age you have been able to make t.hat. kind of life-affecting decision. , There are some doctors in town who will perform the operation for young men with no children,-if they are married and have t.heir partner’s permission. Any general practitioner can handle the procedure. It is covered by OHIP at a cost of $50. The operation is considered irreversible. The Birth Control Centre in the Campus Centre has available the names of doctors who are willing to perform vasectomies. For information call ext. 3446.
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FRIDAY Baha’i fireside. 7:30 Everyone welcome.
pm.
HUM248.
Federation flicks: Gangbusters Chapter 2; The Big Broadcast with George Burns and Gracie Allen ; Monty Pyth8n’s And Now For Something Completely Different. 8 pm. AL116. SATURDAY Free pub with Brussel Sprouts. 9 - 1 am. Campus Center pub area. Sponsored by Federation of Students,and Campus Center Board. Federation flicks: Gangbusters Chapter 2; The Big Broadcast; And Now For Something Completely Different. 8 pm. AL116. SUNDAY Conrad Grebel College worship service, lo:30 am. Students speaking on styles of- Christian devotion. Folk hymns. Discussion to follow service. Bible study in chapel 10 pm. Conrad Grebel College. Topic: Matthew Chapter 6. ,.
Federation flicks: Gangbusters Chapter 2; The Big Broadcast; Monty Python’s And Now For Something Completely Different. 8 pm. AL116. Students International Meditation Society advanced-Iecture and group’ meditation for meditators. 7 - 10 pm. E3-1101.
scraper 0 IO lifts accommodating 7,500 skiers per hour, including the only gondola lift in Eastern Canada
Waterloo Jewish Students-Hillel coffeehouse to be held at 170 Erb Street West, Apt. PlO, 8 pm. Free coffee and refreshments. Old and new members welcome. Phone 744-5798 for more information. MONDAY Para-legal Assistance ._offers nonprofessional legal advice. Call 8856840 or come to-CC106 7 - 10 pm.
januaq
18, 1974
WEDNESDAY Student International Meditiation Society introductory lecture number 1 Transcendental Meditation. On Everyone welcome. 7 :30 pm MC2065. Pub with Heartaches Razz Band. 9 - 1 am. CC pub area. 25 cents members. Sponsored by Federation of Students. THURSDAY
Pub with Heartaches Razz Band. 9 - 1 am. ?5 cents members. Sponsored by Feder’ation of Students. CC pub area.
Pgra-legal Assistance offers nonprofessional legal advice. Call 8850840 or come to CC106 7 - 10 pm.
Chess Club meeting. Rated tournaments, instruction or just play: 7 :30 pm. CC135.
Canadian Studies 202 lecture. “The West” with Prpf R.P. Woolstencroft, political science.--/ - 9 pm. SSc347.
Gay Liberation talks to Gay Liberatidn. A sample of Gay Liberation Movement educational programme. Everyone welcome. 8 pm. Cc113. For more info call ext. 2372 or drop into our office ccq7c.
Pub with Heartaches Razz Band. 9 - 1 am. CC pub area. 25 cents members. Sponsored by Federation of Students.
TUESDAY
Film: “The Ascent of Man”, a personal view by J. Bronowski. Episodes 1 and 2. 2 - 4 pm. B10271 and 7 - 9 pm. PSY145. Free admission.
Duplicate Bridge annual membership points game. Bejillions of master awarded. All bridge players welcome. 7 pm. SSc lounge.
Students International Meditation Society introductory number 2 on Transcendental Meditation. 7 : 30 pm. MC2065. Everyone welcome.
Free -public lecture sponsored by Religious Studies Group U of W. Speaker Prdf Robert W. Funk, distinguished New Testament scholar from U of Montana. “The New Testament and Literary Criticism” is the topic. 3:30 pm. 811350. ,
Faculty of Environmental Studies lecture with Boyce Richardson, freelance journalist and film-maker from Montreal. Topic: The James Bay Development Project: People;- Environment and Progress. 8:15 pm. _ MC2066. Reception 9: 30 pm. MC5136.
lhe Christian ’ I 7.Brothers:;;r;ss
Please send me a copy of your 16-page photo essay describing the life of the Christian Brothers.
(De La Salle Brothers)
A life of prayer and service in community.
--.
Mail to: Brother George Morgan, 5 Avonwick Gate Don Mills, Ontario M3A
F.S.C. 2M5
i’ ’ Asheponderedthemeaning i 0 00 of Joyce, AnEnglishlit. student i 0 0 namedRoyci ia Knewstream-of-thought gamesi i ThatflowedfromdearJames i i0 Meanttheflauourof ‘Blue’ washischoice. 00 .*•~*ooooommoIooomo*mooo
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friday,
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18, 1974
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_\
The for&tten -Yexiles /
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Peter X. was an African refugee. A member of the banned African National Congress of South Africa,‘ he was forced to‘ flee South Africa; leaving his wife’ and family with relatives still in the country. As a political excile was granted refugee status by High the United .- Nations Commissioner for Refugees’ Office (UNHCR) and sponsored for enrollment at Nkumbi International College/In Zambia. He lived in exile at Nkumbi for several years until word reached him from his wife that she had at last been granted permission by the South African government to visit her family in Botswana. It was Peter’s chance for a reunion with his wife and children. He arranged to meet - her in Gabaronnes. But the emotional scene was marred by the intervention of South African Agents who had followed Peter’s wife into Botswana with the hope that Peter would try to see her again. They demanded Peter’s arrest by the Rotswana Police and his exSouth Africa. tradition? to continuely under Botswana, great economic pressure from South Africa, could do nothing but comply. Today, this hour, Peter sits in a South African prison because he believes his people should 1have a’ voice in the decisions which control their lives. Peter’s story is not an- uncommon one. Southern Africa’s prison cells are filled with political prisoners and independent black nations ~like Zambia, are filled with thousands of political refugees. ’ The refugees come across the Zambezi into Zambia from Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) to escape _ the illegal regime of Ian Smith, or
from Angola and Mozambique to escape the military rule of the Portuguese Army, or from South Africa and Namibia (South West Africa) to escape an humiliating and sdehumanizing apartheid. Their exodus does not make the headlines and for the most part they remain unknown to the western world. Only a handful of agencies such as UNHCR and the World Council of Churches become involved in their survival. Most of the initial aid comes from the liberation movements of the refugees own. country ZAPU and ZANU in exile from Zimbabwe, MPLA and FNLA in exile from Angola, Frelimo in exile from Mozambique, SWAP0 (in exile from Namibia, and ANC andPAC in exile from South Africa. However, all of these liberation movements are short of funds, kmedicine, clothes and scholarships for their people. They depend on the UN, WCC and governments for direct support,’ and of the Western nations, only Sweden and Denmark have proven themselves friends. Unlike Peter, whose educational qualifications were exceptional most refugees cannot qualify for the meagre number of scholarships available. Instead, they find themselves in UNHCR refugee camps like Nyimba or Maheba in Zambia. Here they’ must start to rebuild a new life which -is at best a temporary existence, for everyone is waiting, waiting for the day their country will be free and they can return to their own homes. Of the African refugees, the Zimbabweans are by far the most forgotten exiles, unable to obtain UN regugee status as they still remain “officially” British subjects. They must try to find a
place with relaties in free,.Zambia government vocally J condemns right to demand that their or Tanzania. For them, only ’ apartheid in South Africa they government stop this moral, ZANU and ZAPU care. The rest refuse to ban -private Canadian hypocrisy on Southern Africa. companies from investing in the of the world is coldly indifferent. And they have the right to feel South African profitable proud of their country and not Canada is no : exception here. economy based on next to slavefeel that eheir foreign policy is While the Trudeau administration vocally condemns Rhodesia, labour wages. reduced to laughter by two thirds they allow Canadian tourists and All of this is somewhat of the world’s population. businessmen into Rhodesia, and mystifying to the ‘informed But where does one person do not recognize ZAPU or African who remembers the begin? ZANU, or aid the plight of the Canadian Armed Foreces Airlift And how does one person take Zimbabwean refugee. While the into Zambia during the on a government? Liberal government vocally Rhodesian UDI crises of 1965 The answer is to get involved’ condemns the Portugese iron rule and that Canada was the first with those who care, pool in Angola and Mozambique, and resources, print, speak, film. Try western nation to financially donates money to the UN, at the support Zambia when Ian Smith to get the message across to same time it sends NATO closed the Zambezi border to people both inside and outside of weapons to Portugal which have the political system in Canada. Zambian imports in January a way of ending up in Angola and 1973. ‘ In 1974 these groups willbe Mozambique, serial numbers Indeed when the African trying to help the unkown intact. delegates to the UN listen to a African refugee and to end the while the Trudeau Finallv, Canadian Governm-ent policy reason for this exile. Feel them statement on Southern Africa out. See if you belong. , 1 they don’t know ‘whether to Here on campus there is applaud or roll in the aisles in’ nothing, but we can form one. Bill Sparks B ’ la?ETeter sitting in his South: Zimbabwe African Peoples Union African prison cell, the decision is [ZAPU] easier. What Canada does to help ’ Village II is outweighed by what Canada does to keep things from \ changing. ’ ORGANIZATIOj’JS - IN ’ What can we do to help people CANADA. like Peter? Support UNHCR and the World Council ,of Churches or Southern Africa Information ’ other organizations ‘that ca-re like Group.[SAIG] . \ African Liberation \ the 75 Sparks St.., Ottawa, Ont.1 Movements? ’ Yes, but most of us have little Toront.0 Committee for the money to spare. We could write Liberat.ion of Portuguese African and ask them what they want us Colonies “‘to do. But where we can be most 121 ,Avenue Rd., Toronto Ont. effective as concerned Canadians is to pressure the. Trudeau Kit.chener-Waterloo Overseas government into a more honest Aid. foreign policy which states once Box 1600 Kitchener, Ont. . and for all whose side Canada is Liberation Support Movement, on and not just in morally I . 1, 1 1 1 1 Box 94338, Richmond, B.C. rignteous woras out souna political action demanded by ‘1 Southern Africa Action ordinary Canadian citizens inCoalit.ion, I stead of the business community. Suite 214, 1811 West 16th St. Voting Canadians have the Vancouver, B. C. J 1 \ - .-
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After the Air War a new form of warfare, ii11 appear much as the Air War suceeded the Ground War. We can .call it ,he Remote War. Because only a few comjonents are fully operational now and the est range from initial combat testing to nere feasibility study status, detailed lescription of the mechanics of Remote Var cannot be given now. However lnough information is available to sketch but the major components, dynamics, apabilities, and implications of Remote rVarfare.
This article, by New England Action Research [NEAR], is reprinted from the January, 1973 edition of Science for the People, and discusses new developments in United States weapons technology.
During the next few years the United States Military is going to develop and deploy a highly advanced form of the electronic battlefield. Some parts of this advanced electronic battlefield have already entered combat in SE. Asia. Other parts have only feasibility study\ status. Taken in total the outline of a killing machine at least 100 times more efficient than the present “Air Warprimitive automated battlefield” can be sketched. The concentrated power of this killing machine will be effectively controlled by the U.S. military alone. The Air War in Indochina is well known and documented. To provide sharper comparison with the new warfare to be introduced in the coming years, I will briefly describe its nature. With the withdrawal ‘of U.S. ground troops, the U.S. military’s reliance on enormous firepower has come tc mean intense air attack. The Air War concedes the ground to the NVA-NLF but attempts stabilization by exerting control from the air. While the U.S. military does not expect victory through airpower, it does expect to prolong the war indefinitely. Airpower is the, principle killing instrument which prevents the collapse of the weak ARVN forces. The dynamics of the Air War involve a of the following major coordination components: Reconnaissance and observation aircraft provide -information on the location ‘of ground’ targets. These include everything from small planes whose pilots depend on eye-sight to spot targets, to large jets with multi-sensory equipment (e.g. photographic, infrared, and radar) data is transmitted inwhose stantaneously to ground statiohs for interpreting and targeting. Bomber and attack aircraft occur in many -specialized forms to deliver everything from pinpoint to saturation bombing. A typical bombing mission only requires a pilot to punch in the target coordinates and a computer automatically steers the plane and drops the bombs. Fixed sensors are immovable sensors and acoustic) which are (e.g. seismic aircraft over the coundropped from tryside. The data from the sensors is relayed by communication link aircraft to a distant base where computers assist interpretation, correlation and targeting. -r- ARVN ground troops are used tolocate NVA-NLF forces so that air and artillery strikes can do the killing. Sometimes ARVN is used as bait to bring NVA-NLF forces into the open. ARVN bases also employ fixed sensors and portable radar for protection against surprise attack. Integration of these components is the basis of the current Air War. Fixed sensors detect traffic on a section of the Ho Chi Minh Trail and a gunship is directed to hunt down the trucks. . Or a reconnaissance jet picks up suspicious multisensory data from a jungle area and B-52’s are directed to saturate that area. . . And so on. /I The principal differences between ,present Air War and the preceding Ground War are the heavy reliance on aircraft, widespread use of a great variety of sensors, and the computerization of many operations. Without U S. combat troops the Air War is strategically a defensive war for the U.S. While stationary targets can be attacked, mobile NVA-NLF forces cannot be detected and tracked well enough to be targeted. When NVA-NLF forces choose to attack ARVN forces, the in turn becomes subject to air \ NVA-NLF attack. However when the NVA-NLF choose to break off battle there is nothing that effectively pursues them. In general ARVN is not an offensive weapon. The “Lunerization” of Inochina by awesome the Air War merely shows itsability to destroy landscape not the NVA-NLF forces. ’
The central concept to Remote War is he remotely manned system, abbreviated :MS, which usually includes a remotely Ianned vehicle, RMV. The vehicle perator is located at. a distant site and resented with information from sensors 1 the vehicle itself. With- this data the perator uses the vehicle control set to end steering signals back to the vehicle. ‘or example, the_/ vehicle might be an
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line-of-sight communication links mean that the aircraft is the most important vehicle for an RMS. Dynamics of the Remote War involve a coordination of the following major components: Reconnaissance RPVs are operational both in S.E. Asia and the Middle East.* A particularly revealing picture is that taken from an RPV flying under power transmission lines while on reconnaissance over North Vietnam. Because of their cheapness and lack of onboard pilot, recon RPVs are able to perform much higher risk missions than comparable manned recon aircraft. Thus SR-71 (the manned recon jet replacing the U-2) flights over China were stopped during Nixon’s visit while unmanned flights were not. Reconnaissance RPVs were derived from drone recon and/or target aircraft. Precisely speaking, a drone, aircraft is unmanned but lacks vehicle originated, sensory data presentation to a remote
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ircraft ; the sensor, a TV camera; the lata display, a TV screen; and the cl bperator would be an aircraft pilot. In the S pecific, important case in which the V rehicle is an aircraft, the abbreviation FiPV is used for remotely piloted vehicle. I n principle any combination of vehicle a nd sensor can be used to make a remotely nnanned vehicle. The concept is to remove t he human body from the vehicle yet C reate a sensory illusion that the vehicle is in the vehicle. 0 lperator The communication links between the 1RMV and operators are critically imlortant. Because signal transmission is ; imited to line-of-sight distances (unless (Tables are used), direct’ remote control is 1limited to short ranges. For this reason iairborne communication links are the nost important means of controlling .f RMVs. A series of RPV signal relayers :an obtain out-of-sight and over-the;lorizon remote control. Satellite comI nunication links are also possible. 1Iowever the final velocity of light (and (Ither signals) create a time delay between 7Jehicle and controller; setting a maximum f‘easibility range to remote control. For a 1l/16 set delay this maxim.um range is a Isadius of roughly l/4 the earth’s cir(umference; i.e., a single base can exert I-emote control over half the earth’s Fsurface. Engineering requirements for an RMV are drastically simpler than those for a manned vehicle. The absence of the human body limitations allows the vehicle to be designed solely from the consideration of machine limitation. For fexample, there is no limit to how small !RMVs can be made other than the current state of electronic miniaturization. RPVs can be incredibly maneuverable since ;;here is no pilot to black out under too Ihigh accelerations. RMVs can be 1manufactured cheaply because much of electronic blackboxes are 1;he expensive with the human (and life support 1 removed to the remote control site and t equipment) 1;he RMV itself does not need the costly 1human safety tolerances. In fact, for many 1;ypes of RPVs air frames may be stamped (lut of plastic as in toy manufacturing. Remotely manned systems have many different environments. 1penetrated 1Robot-like RMVs walk on land or work in fFactories. RMVs can ,operate in space with space shuttles and space stations. They served as planetary rover i have already Ivehicles on the moon. Using com1munication cables, RMVs, function un( derwater. However, the need for simple, i
pilot. A drone can be tracked using a control site based radar and directed with radio signals or it can be internally programmed for a specific flight pattern. Since a drone is already unmanned, conversion to remote pilot is relatively easy. There are at least 15 different recon drone aircraft, many of which are also produced in the RPV version. Recon drones were operational even before Gary Powers’ U-2 went down over Russia. Their major manufacturers are -Teledyne Ryan Aeronautic al, San Diego, California, Northrop Corporation of Northrup Ventura, Newbury Park, California and Beech Aircraft Corporation, Wichita, Kansas. Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) RPVs actively assist anti-aircraft defenses, based on electronic intelligence data gathered by recon RPVs An’ example of an ECM-RPV (and/or drone) is the Teledyne Ryan AQM-34H. This vehicle carries chaff dispensing pods to sow air corridors of radar-reflecting chaff. In essence these are flight lanes that’ strike aircraft may take to targets remaining immune to radar directed weapons. This specific ECM technique using an RPV is operational and presumably employed against North / Vietnam. Bomber RPVs are those that deliver airto-ground weapons. Many combinations of RPV and air-to-ground weapons are possible, including guided weapons. TVguided bombs and missiles are themselves an‘ expendable “Kamikaze” RMV and work *on exactly the same principles. For example, the Hobo TV-guided bomb is a glider RMV; the Condor TV-missile, a rocket RMV. Though guided weapons cost more apiece than unguided weapons, they are much more efficient. While half the unguided bombs typically hit within 250 feet of a target, half the guided bombs hit within 5 feet of the target. A single guided bomb effectively replaces 100 unguided bombs. Guided bombs are being used extensively against North Vietnam by manned bombers. The first operational bomber RPV is believed to have entered combat early this summer in S.E. Asia. Presumably it is the 234 class model of the Teledyne Ryan AQM-34L. A rough comparison can be drawn between an F-4 Phantom manned bomber and the AQM-34L. The AQM34L is approximately 4,000 lb. and $400,000, l/10 the weight and cost of the F-4. The AQM-34L carries 1,000 lb, l/10 the bomb load of the F-4. Using unguided .
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bombs against ground targets, even theoretical calculations heavily conservative in favor of the F-4 show that the AQM-34L costs only 1 /lO as much as the F -4 to destroy the ground target. These calculations did not include that the RPV also does not risk aircraft crew as an F-4 would.. Laser Designator (LD) RPVs illuminate targets for attack by laser guided weapons. Laser guided weapons home in on the laser light reflected off of the illuminate target. Laser guided weapons are simpler and cheaper than TV-guided This simplicity allows conweapons. struction of laser guided artillery projectiles (which cannot be TV-guided) as well as bombs and missiles. Bomber RPVs can carry laser designators and laser guided weapons. An example is the Gyrodyne QH-50D remotely piloted helicopter. The QH-50D uses low-lightlevel TV and other sensors. Designed to destroy night truck traffic on the Ho Chi Minh Trail with laser guided rockets the QH-50D has been built and tested, but we have found no mention of its combat deployment. LD-RPVs are unarmed RPVs which direct weapons delivered by other means. Since it carries only a laser finder/designator besides its sensors, the LD-RPV can be quite small and inexpensive. Long range artillery would be automatically slavedtoaim wherever the LD-RPV potis its TV and laser. When the rer&te pilot sees a target on his TV screen, he pushes a button and a laser guided artillery shell destroys the target. The LD-RPV has a study status with the U.S. Army. It is to weigh about 300 lbs. fly at 60 mph for 7 to 8 hours and be so small as to be undetectable beyond 3000 feet to the naked eye. Miniaturized (Mini) RPV is a concept under investigation by the Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency. The goal is to make the RPV as small and inexpensive as possible. The Mini-RPV is a flying sensor and compliments the fixed sensors which are basically defensive, the Mini-RPV is offensive. It is designed to hunt targets at very low altitudes. Potentially it has the ability to replace an infantry ground patrol. How small MiniRPVs can be made depends on the current state of electronic miniturization. For example, RCA has built a TV camera weighing 1 lb. This camera would make possible an RPV weighing about 30 lb, already l/10 the size of the very small LD-RPV. Fighter RPVs are at the opposite end of the cost complexity scale from MiniRPVs. Fighter RPVs are designed for airto-air combat against manned aircraft. Fighter RPVs can make extremely tight turns which would crush an onboard pilot. This extreme maneuverability alone is capable of obsoleting manned fighters. However, fighter RPVs are necessarily the most complexof RPV types and will take considerably longer to develop. Finally we can sketch the Computer and Communications components of Remote Warfare. Remote War depends on a large capacity for data transmission and processing. This capacity already exists and‘ the development of Remote War involves more an integration of already existent capabilities than research into new ones. Intrinsically, Remote War is much more automated than the present Air War. An example is the computer assisted remote pilot. A digital computer performs the routine flight _ control of many RPVs enabling a single remote pilot to direct 5 RPVs simultaneously. Univac Division of Sperry Rand, who manufactures the UPQ-3 microwave (communication link) command guidance system for RPVs, is developing the computer assisted remote pilot. A representative piece of communication equipment is the phased-array antenna being developed by the USAF Rome Air Development Center to send steering data to 25 RPVs simultaneously as well as providing 5 TV channel communication links. The dynamics of Remote Warfare involve the coordination of components to achieve an objective. The present USAF interest emphasizes defense suppression, ie. to destroy Soviet built air defenses.
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This is a plan to punch holes through Soviet air defense belts such as exist along the Suez Canal where overlapping radar, anti-aircraft guns, SA-2, SA-3 and SA-4 missiles make conventional air attack very costly. The scenario is roughly the following: Recon RPVs gather data on targets and air defenses. ECM-RPVs then confuse the air dense sensor. Next bomber RPVs attack the anti-aircraft weapons, Finally, sensors and control centers. manned bombers (assuming still some use for them) fly in and attack all the defenseless targets. When the objective is suppression of a Third World guerilla war another scenario can be sketched. Mini-RPVs acting as flying eyes (also other sensors), silently search the jungle at literally tree top level. - With an invulnerability, efficiency and tirelessness unmatched by any human patrol, however dedicated, the mini-RPVs would hunt down guerrilla forces. Having located and tracked the guerillas, an LDRPV woul,d be dispatched to direct guided If the guerrillas were artillery shells. outside artillery range, bomber RPVs would come with air-to-ground weapons. Defence against Remote Warfare is exceedingly difficult. Guerrillas would be faced with trying to avoid detection from flying or fixed sensors. No part of the jungle would be immune to search from Mini-RPVs. Booby traps or ambushes, so effective against infantry patrols, will not work. Guerrillas will be hard put to even know when they are being observed by Mini-RPVs. The untested extrapolation is that Remote Warfare will deny guerrilla forces concealment in the countryside. Such a loss of jungle santuary would-spell the end of country-based guerrilla movements. A corollary to suppression of rural . guerrilla wars, is that of urban guerrilla wars. It is easy to imagine the following scenario: In the small areas of the cities, fixed security TVs (and other sensors) could be densely placed and used in close conjuction -with . mini-RPVs and other RMVs. City population would be required to wear identification which could be sensed and tracked at a distance via these security sensors. This is probable unless techniques are developed which automatically discriminate specific individuals via sensors without the requisite of them wearing identification. Remote War applied to the city would again deny the guemilla concealment, in this case, among masses of people. Active defense against RPVs with conventional anti-aircraft’ (AA) weapons is unlikely to be effective. Conventional AA weapons are designed against manned aircraft and have only limited value against RPVs which are from one tenth to one thousandth, the size and cost of manned aircraft. The small size and great manoeuverability make RPVs quite difficult to detect or hit. The low cost means quite possibly that the AA weapon costs more than the RPV. For these kinds of reasons the USAF is specifically designing RPVs to attack air defense systems. The extrapolation which is just beginning to be tested is that conventional AA weapons are targets for RPVs, not vice versa. This is not to imply that remote pilot bases cannot be attacked or the communication links jammed in some manner. However, the bases will always be far away and protected by RPVs. Jamming the line-of-sight communication links requires highly sophisticated technical ability and is a partial solution at best. RPVs can switch to a return-to-home mode of internal guidance, to ., forestall crashing if their external guidance link is broken. A weapon system which in principle can stop RPV attack is the laser thermal weapon. A laser with a continuous output of roughly one megawatt can destroy targets several miles away by vaporizing holes through them. The laser would not be defeated by the RPVs smallness, low cost or great maneuverability . Funding for such a laser prototype weapon is expected within a year. However, unlike RPVs, ray weapons are founded on very new or beyond the state-of-the-art technology. Ray weapons are not expected in wide-spread usage for a decade while RPVs are in service now. In the next few years the U.S. military
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is going to finish developing and deploying the Remote War against which there is no effective (non-nuclear) defense. Any defense where the permanent physical limitations of the human body or machines physically connected with the human body are pitted against machines limited only by purely mechanical constraints, and yet controlled by a remote director, are doomed. Remote War is a war of human machines against the human body. This is not to imply that Remote Warfare is automatically 100 per cent efficient. The first generation are mostly converted drone recon aircraft and are not specifically designed for Remote War. They have very limited objectives and will not be wholly successful. The second generation will appear much quicker than a corresponding generation of manned aircraft because RPVs are much simpler to develop than manned aircraft. The “Constant Angel” ECM-RPV is a second generation RPV which is to be produced in either a $20,000 expendable or a $50,000 recoverable model. It is so simple to make that the USAF has asked for production bids from 50 manufacturers (instead of a normal 5 for manned aircraft) including several toy companies. The second generation will have much greater efficiency , more sweeping objectives,. . .and so on, through the generations. In principle, Remote War will defeat the human body, One side loses people; the other side loses toys. All that is left is the shooting and dying...and toys don% die. The economic and psychological characteristics of Remote War determine its ultimate controller. Economically,the Remote War is much cheaper than the Air War, besides being more effective. There are no- large supply problems because
,sums as small as 100’s of millions of dollars. With respect to the U.S. Congress, this leaves the U.S. Military to wage Remote Wars wherever and whenever it chooses. This free hand allows the U.S. Military (or the CIA, for that matter) to expand the. American empire’s sphere of influence by forcibly crushing national movements which are considered against American interests. The psychological characteristics of Remote Warfare also determine its ultimate controller. Television warriors are numbered in 1,000’s, not the 100,000’s of the Air War. The television warriors never face the prospect of being killed in action. If the Air War over Laos could go on for years without Congressional knowledge, if air strikes could go on for months over North Vietnam without presidential knowledge, then Remote Wars will remain rumours. Presidents and Congresses, wherever they might express opposition, can be kept uninformed. Psychologically, Remote Wars are easy to conceal and the U.S. Military has to tell no one. Characteristics of Remote Warfare could be used to silence- anti-war critics who try to stop its development. There will be no American killed-in-action or prisoners-of-war. Toys have no mothers or wives to protest their loss. Remote War is very cheap. _ Economic critics of warinduced expenses and inflation, will have nothing to protest. With its precision killing ability, Remote War will not harm the ecology. Ecologists who complain of environmental devastation will have nothing to protest...and so on. The only thing left to’ protest is the killing and subjugation of any people’ &he U.S. Military calls “Communists”, “Gooks”, . .. “the Enemy”. Of course, in principle,
\ there are few people, spare parts or ammunition requirements. Thus, 500 RPVs can be directed by 100 computer assisted remote pilots. Maintenance of the relatively simple RPVs would be highly automated. There would be no saturation bombing or artillery barrages. With guided ordinance, targets are “surgically” killed by single rounds. In principle, there need be no manned aircraft or ground troops, which drastically cuts cost. In .comparison with the present Air War in S.E. Asia, a Remote War would cost (estimation) one one hundredth as much. A large scale Remote War would cost in the 100’s of millions not 10’s of billions! of dollars. This relatively small cost is crucial in deciding who controls Remote Wars. Because of this small cost, the U.S. Congress will have no realistic economic restraint over the U.S. military’s conduct of Remote Wars. In practice, the “power of the purse string” of the U.S. Congress over the defense budget does not control
the entire world is a potential enemy to the US. Military. The U.S.S.R. will shortly face an aggressively expanding American Military Empire. The U.S.S.R. can build its own RMs for Remote Warfare. However, they are substantially behind the U.S. in the important ‘areas of electronic miniaturization and data processing. For instance, the U.S.S.R. is from 5 to 7 years behind the U.S. in general data processing. This means the U.S.S.R. version of Remote War will be years behind the U.S. version both in deployment and capabilities. The U.S.S.R. itself will be protected by its nuclear weapons until it develops its own RMs. But until it deploys its own Remote the Russian Empire will be War, vulnerable. What happens when two remote warfare systems oppose each other is basically conjecture. However, several important observations can be made. Until now the descriptionof Remote War has been limited to RMS’s vs. con.
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ventional warfare systems. This description is considerably altered for RIMS vs. RMS combat. For example, the great cost savings, mentioned earlier, now disappear. If anything,, RMS vs. RMS combat will be more expensive than previous completely conventional warfare. In Total Remote War industry can much more directly be converted to war production. The ease of manufacturing RMV’s means that many more will be produced. In Total Remote War, as in any war of nearly equal antagonists, both sides are strained to their maximum. A second observation about two opposing remote warfare systems is that a continuous state of war inevitably ensues. ‘In Total Remote War there is no stable equilibrium between reconnaissance and combat. This can be seen for the following reasons: With conventional warfare, peace means, among other things, a continuous intelligence monitoring of the opponent’s military systems. Thus reconnaissance craft actively probe the opponent’s defences trying to get a response. In selfdefence the opponent must respond which in turn is monitored by the recon craft to learn how the opponent’s defence work. Naturally enough, the recon craft occassionally gets destroyed doing such dangerous operations. When the recon craft is manned, its destruction is an international incident which quickly dampens the operations. However, U.S. erecon drones have been shot down over Communist nations for over a decade without any international attention. Until now this has not led to escalation because one or the other side has not had recon and bomber RPVs. When both sides have fully equipped remote warfare systems, the delicate difference between a peace time recon probe and actual war dissolves. Recon RPV’s can self-destruct to remove any tangible evidence of their presence. Yet an opponent’s military system can be reduced to a naked helplessness by aggressive RPV recon planes. Without any international incidents to dampen their activities’ both sides would escalate reconnaissance flights and then, in selfdefence armed recon flights and protective reaction RPV strikes would follow. The difference between war and peace dissolves and War is Peace. , Historically, Total Remote War continues the human heritage of -war and genocide into a perpetual state of war. For America, as never before, the societal and cultural heritage of an Empire will be turned into a genocide machine. Every aspect of American Industry will play an important production role. Every advance of American Science and Technology will be exploited into greater killing efficiency. All the Western Cowboys and Indian flicks merely become a precombat primer for the television children. The question of whether violence on TV is harmful to children is now resolved. When genocide was once recreated on TV for entertainment, it will now be committed with TV. Children who grew up with Vietnam on the TV news at dinner time will surely stomach all the genocide the U.S. Military can produce. The separation of illusion and reality vanishes for the television warriors. Alienation and sterilization approach perfection. After kissing their wives good-bye and battling the rush hour traffic to work, the, television warriors will settle down to a day of watching TV at the Ministry of Peace. The tremendous concentration of power which Science and Technology have given the U.S. Military has shattered the checks, and balances with which the U.S. Constitution tried to protect Americans. Foreign affairs of the American Empire will be run by the U.S. Military Dictatorship. Arms Limitation Treaties, Peace Treaties, and other Agreements, both public and secret, will be signed with other Military Dictatorships. But there will always be war because that is what peace means to the Ministry of Peace. If during peace time a citizen does not support war against the Enemy, then that individual is a subversive. The individual becomes the Enemy. The next step then is to control the internal affairs of Empire...the establishment of a Ministry of Love.
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Don’t -folloti the leaders sd With one hand clutching Ted Heath’s coattails, and the other firmly in their pockets, British union bosses are leading their constituents straight down an English garden path \ With Britain in the midst of its most severe post-war economic crisis, the Conservative government is busy looking for scapegoats. The beady Tory eye has naturally turned toward and particularly the organized labour, to take the rap for coal miners, England’s problems. In the two articles on these pages, written as the crisis swung into full gear late last year, the chevron’s London correspondent Job McGill analyzes some of the problems facing labour and the militant left in light of the current situation. London is the heart and mind of Britain. The position held by this city is not one to be envied, particularly at this stage of its history. If it is true, and the overwhelming evidence suggests that it. is that the country reflects the good and bad of London, then the British are in for a difficult time indeed. London is in the midst of the worst labour shortage in its history. The Post social and health Office, transport, services, the teaching profession; all are critically understaffed. The Conservative government offers a myriad of reasons for the - crisis: however, the major cause, there for all to see, is the cost of living in the city. Estimates of the difference in London expenses and those of other parts of Britain are as high as thirty-five per cent. Even that figure may be an underestimation. The greater expense generated by London living can only be assuaged by an allowance over and above regular wages. At present, all allowances are pitifully small, and will not even cover the rise in food prices over the past two months. The causes and solutions posited. by the Conservatives do not include any financial help for London. In fact, Phase Three of Edward Heath’s gang hits London harder-than any other city, simply because of the large population. Wage increases are frozen at a maximum of 2 pounds 25 pence per week. Living allowance increases range from 3 to 18 pounds per year. The immediate and imminent results of London Labour shortages and cost of living will manifest themselves in the form of less transport, poor health and social services, and part-time education for school children. These manifestations
are all currently obvious to the city’s residents. The government responds with plans to keep cars off the road, advertisements for staff, and little else. In the midst of these problems is the oil crisis. The prospect of gas rationing, in combination with poor public transport, conjures two visions: one, the Conservative Party must dig into the national coffers and bribe workers; two, the shortages will be used by the workers, for the working class, to bring about the major changes so necessary to British survival. Unfortunately, the latter prospect is unlikely at the present time, and for the foreseeable future. If the class, as a whole, could but see the power which they currently control in London, the country could be shaken to its roots. The position, is very -simply this: the government, whether Labour or Tory, is at the mercy of the Trades Unions. At the unions have been efthis point, fectively bought off, and betrayed by the leadership who act in collusion with the There is a vacuum in government. militant trade union leadership, and since the British working class has traditionally looked to group leadership rather than collectitie member initiative, _ the union members are, & present, handcuffed. Many of the rank and ffle can see quite clearly that they have been sold out by leaders who act in the interests of government. However, history, both recent and remote, has seemingly shown the workers that individual factory or shop action is futile. Thus, an impasse. Such a situation is especially painful at this time of great unwielded .worker power. Now, mQre than ever, the working class has an opportunity to extort, bully, to name both the game and the rules. It does not seem likely that tKe class, acting as a class, will move. __ In Glasgow, 500 firemen have gone out on strike, over appalling conditions and pitiful wage scales. That action, taken in the face of union leadership which expressly forbade such a move, seemed initially to herald the beginning of a concerted national movement. At roughly the same time a local Londonbased union was fined 75,000 pounds by the Industrial Relations Board for
contravention of the reactionary Industrial Relations Act. A call immediately went out for a massive oneday strike on November 5. What leadership response has been elicited by these two events? Many union leaders have expressly forbidden members to start strike funds for the Glasgow jiremen ! Leaders, in general, have maintained a non-committal stance with regard to the one-day strike, saying that it is up to the individual workers! There are importaqt implications in these stances, not to be-missed by the class whom they purport to represent. It is certain that union leaders regard the initiative of the firemen as counter to the union’s (i.e. the leaders’) interests. The Glasgow action implies that workers are beginning to act apart from the wayward leadership, and that implies in turn that such leadership- is redundant. The stance taken towards one day strike action contradicts the meaning of union existence, a contradiction not seen by leadership, nor by rank and file, yet. To tell unions that they must act as individuals, each member striking or not striking as the mood takes him, is ludicrous at best, and represents an obvious betrayal of workers’ power. On the Qne hand, leadership condemns individual or small group action in members hip in Glasgow, yet tells general to act in just such a manner with reference to a general strike! There is no more obvious void of leaders hip than in London. Here, workers are told to act in the “public interest”, that is to continlle to break their backs and hearts attempting to operate this city. What is “public interest”? It is no coincidence that the phrase is overworked by s&h publicspirited men as Enoch Powell, Lord Thomson and Ted Heath. The “public interest” can usually be translated as “capitalist interest”. What in hell is the
public of London, of Britain, if not the .working class ? Therefore, to act in the public interest is, in reality, to act in -accordance with class interests. Since union leadership refers to public interest in terms of support for the ruling structure, it must logically be assumed that leadership now identifies its interests as those of capitalism. Bere’ft of traditional leadership and because the working class is largely victim to tradition, workers are, at present, and with’ minor exceptions, static. Unfortunately, the working class here is fragmented, sectional. Engineers in London do not feel that’ the firemen’s strike in Glasgow .has any relevance to their interests. Leadership is unwilling to point out that the class, because it is a whole, must act and feel the unity of that whole. While most workers may identify themselves as “working class”, it is a romantic rather than pragmatic identity. There is little real feeling of class interest; instead workers’ feel occupational interest. Bitterness over wages and conditions continues to grow, and will swamp the workers unless they unite to stem the tide, and re-direct it.. Bitterness, in combination with the realization that workers‘do have power can be a sharp weapon; so sharp it may decapitate many current union leaders. The myth of impotence spread for so long by the system and its supporters must be dispelled, and can l only be dispelled by concerted action. Since leadership so often‘ subscribes to the myth, in fact helps spread it, it is to be hoped it will B die with the myth. The Glasgow strike is a small beginning. November 5th will.,be an indication of worker regeneration or class surrender. Whatever the results, London will be, to say the least, an interesting place in which to live in the next few- months.
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Britain on the verge of winter . Britain and the British may not yet feel themselves to be European, despite the Economic Community. They are, however, at least conscious of the fact that they now share a common crisis situation with their strange bedfellows. The fuel shortage, rapidly affecting North America, Europe and other - selected areas, places British selfinterest in seeming harmony with these other nations. There are, however, a great many factors which place Britain outside of the shared effects of the oil shortage. These factors, in?ombination with internal political situations, create a potentially dangerous climate, j dangerous from the point of view of the present Conservative government. These internally specific factors include labour dissatisfactionnot seen in such proportions since 1926--n combination with growing self-confidence; the inability of the government to supply the machinery of public service with even a minimum of operators; and, perhaps most importantly, the recent declaration of war upon labour. The fuel shortage, particularly felt in Britain, which relies so heavily upon importation of fuel oil, is made more serious by the imminent coal miner’s strike, and by the presently operative ban on overtime by power workers. . The miners, too, are operating under overtime bans, and in the words of the National Coal Board, that ban is having “a speedy and serious effect”. However, it is the power situation, the cutback of electricity which will have the desired labour effect; It could, and certainly will if it continues through this month, close down the gut of industrythe factory. The coal shorthage will have its greatest effect upon the home, and government here has shown time and time again that the discomfort of the public concerns it not at all. Furthermore, coal heating is found almost exclusively in lower income homes, and given the government’s myopic view of the inherent lack. of power within that income group, it is unlikely that it feels threatened at this point, by the coal miners’ actions. The disruption of national industries, implicit in the ,power workers’ position, is very greatly felt in the halls of Parliament. Thus the “state of emergency” declaration, which at this juncture is tantamount to a carte blanche for the army to operate any and all industries hit by strikes. The Guardian, Britain’s lone representative of a liberal press, makes this comment: “The emergency powers enable the Government to do what it likes, including sending troops down to the mines. It is, however, highly unlikely to do so. A confrontation of this kind with a tightly ‘knit community like the miners could only aggravate the situation .” Firstly, it is important to note that the Guardian is the only national newspaper to state the truth abut what “emergency powers” are. They do allow any action deemed necessary. However, despite the concise statement of the nature of such power, the following statement that the government is ‘ ‘highly unlikely” to activate troops as labour weapons is less reality than hope. Use of troops in such a manner would certainly “aggravate” the situation. The aggravation would include such irritants as pitched battles. The spectre of conflict
between workers and troops may conjure, in the optimistic eyes of the left, visions of the revolution. For the sake of ’ their own survival, and that of the class they attempt to represent, the militants must analyze the current situation in terms of what is; such an anlysis would have to, I think, include the following: the government, and the Labour and Liberal parties which sit idly on the sidelines, are not composed of fools ready to play into the hands of the left labour movement. To the contrary, the .governing potentates have performed in a manner which indicates a good and very thorough analysis of the strength of labour at the present time. The Conservatives are well aware of the fragmentation of the unions, while the Labour Party is equally aware that it can count on the collusion of union leaders. Jack Jones and Hugh Scanloq, the , most influential labour union leaders, are on record as saying they will do anything possible to avoid “confrontation with the government over Phase Three policy”. Only recently have the militant labour elements begun to accept the fact that trade union leaders, whether here, in Britain, or in North America, generally accept the operations and ideological functions of capitalism. The union ‘leadership in Britain can no longer rely upon union traditions to disguise the fact that they no longer are of the class which they represent. They are also not yet members of that class with which they negotiate, and are thus left in a straddling position. The past evidence indicates that this leadership aspires to upward social mobility; one has only to ‘note the number of union leaders now bearing “Sir” in front of their names, or recognize the current social position of Victor Feather, a position gained by use of (he class bridge formed by economically prone union members. Rank and file union recognition of the roles played by leadership is only beginning. Thus, in the face of a virtual in leadership, local union vacuum branches are beginning to initiate as evidenced by the specific action, strike. Though the Glasgow firemen’s firemen won ther claims, the labour movement as a whole cannot view that victory as a presage of the things to come.
The self -confidence earlier referred to is present in a general rank and file T’lere is definite vocal and sense. physical expression of belief in the ability of labour to begin to operate from strength. However, such self-confidence can come dangerously close to bravado. A recent socialist worker industrial conference was an indication of two important, but unfortunately contradictory manifestations of the position of militant workers. The conference, held November 10th and in Manchester, 1 lth, attracted not only those affiliated with left groups such as the Communist Party, International Socialists, and the Socialist Labour League, but also of rank and file representatives movements who have been quiet in recent years, and ,who, even one ‘year ago, would not have thought twice about an industrial conference outside of official trade union guidelines. However, in contradiction to this welcome development, the value of such activity is bound to be corroded by the unrealistic optimism spawned by the
reassuring sight of four thousand activists in one hall. Labour discontent is only now developing into an embryonic stage, only now thinking of theoretical bases for action., Mass labour action on a higher plane than demands for wages is not yet, nor will it be for some time, a reality. The government knows this; the Labour Party does its best to hamper even such minimal development. The prospects of long-term success based upon short-sighted labour euphoria are dim. Yet, in explaining the position of the government, if militants will forego rhetoric, they may well be able to show the labour movement exactly what it faces in confronting the government. Phase Three is far too complex to dissect here; however, the main functions of the policy are clear. Prices are let free, “seeking their own level”, as one Tory put it. Wages are virtually frozen, or, at least, confined to minimal raises. Productivity clauses are an attempt to sugar coat the pill, and are generally recognized by Labour as such. By keeping wages down, allowing prices to float, the government is centered upon a view towards maintaining the profit rise of phases one and two. Frozen wages do not allow the workers to keep abreast of the cost of living index, and, aware of this, the government takes losses in small material bonuses, which in fact serve to promote greater industrial effort for virtually the same wage rate. The sole reason for even such small tokens as a two pound wage raise is that the Conservative government does not want labour confrontations to expose Phase Three to risk. That is not to say that the Tories fear losses. They are obviously heavily bankrolled, to cope with such concessions as those given to the Glasgow firemen. Such concessions can only be carried out in the face of small disputes, and here, the government relies on labour disunity to forestall large scale action. In a political and economic climate so complex, there is one very clear observation to be made; the Conservatives are playing Russian Roulette. In their analysis of their own strength and labour’s weakness, they operate under the short term concepts common to all elected capitalists. Any number of combinations can spell failure for the Tories. Continued price spiralling is taken into account at an annual rate of seven per cent, yet in the past three months many prices have gone up as high as twenty five per cent! The -imminent rise in fuel costs \ will possibly destroy the seven per cent figure. The Tories rely heavily on continued labour fragmentation; however, unions are now, at least, talking to each other as much as to the government. The last, and perhaps most effective weapon in the squeeze of workers is the division between ‘sections of the workers, a division fostered, indeed, largely created, by the class-controlled media. Londoners are presently taking out their frustrations over this city’s conditions on bus workers, postal workers, rail workers, ad infinitum. The power cuts .which greatly affect the personal comfort of the ordinary resident here are blamed not on government restrictive wage policy, but on the greed and selfishness of the workers involved. The Tories and their cohorts recognize better than the British left that consciousness is a reflection of social being. The class consciousness which the militant labour elements pre-suppose is simply not present. At this point, the majority of people are conscious . of short-term discomfort caused by other workers, not by the greed and arrogance1 of their government. The dialectic is not yet unfolding, optimists aside, and nothing is really very clear on the horizon. There is but one viable and realistic prediction to be made: Britain stands on the verge of a cold, bitter winter. The verge may yet become the abyss.
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27
Kohoutek Implicated
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World Doe-med., Student,Predicts A last-minute computer anal- _ - think we have an issue on our hands with this cataclysm that. ysis of the progress -of the students, faculty and adcomet Kohoutek indicates that ministration should all unite to the world should end today, 8 combat”, Narveson said. “NotUniversity of Waterloo only will this utterly unMathematics student has told pardonable event make a the chevron. Refusing to give mockery of the whole principle his name for fear of “academic of academic tenure, but furreprisals “, the student revealed -thermore, all aspects of that his computer model was culturefrom galleries of, fine based on an “unpublished art to libraries of classical astronomicaf survey” carried recordings - will be victimized out in the first week of this by the consequent massby local amateur month destruction.” astronomers. Narveson’s call for an The student’s claim apemergency meeting of the parently refutes recent was University Senate and television newspaper dismissed however, by adreports that Kohoutek would ministration spoke-smen who not approach the earth as rejected his “alarmist” position closely as had been expected. It and called for “business as now appears that the comet is usual” at least u&l ‘the end of in fact heading on a direct the week. collision course with this planet, Federation of- Students and contact should be made personnel were also perturbed. shortly after seven o’clock this Entertainment chairman evening. Arthur Ram, in an address ‘to Although the direct force of an extraordinary meeting of the the impact will be concentrated Engineering Society, further in an area of about one hundred criticized the actions of the square miles just south of kima, peripatetic comet: “Two Peru, the chevron’s ,source said, thousand beer mugs the the foi-ces involved should be of. Federation invested in when we sufficient magnitude to corn: ran Oktoberfest are just going pletely shatter the earth’s crust to go up in smoke” lamented leading to the collapse and the portly co-ordinator . ‘ ‘We destruction of the globe in a may have to also abandon our m-iitter of minutes. plans for a permanent pub in Official reaction to the news the campus centre-even if we has so far, been cautious. In, an lower our prices it’s going to be exclusive chevron interview, damn hard attracting students Waterloo University of ‘as of the end of this week.” president Burt Matthews said that! his admifiistratlon would Ai a packed meeting of, the adopt a “wait and see’ attitude student’s council later, Ram towards the event. “It’s hard to announced his resignation from say just how much we here in the Board of Entertainment, Waterloo are going to be afbut claimed th6t the impending fected by this,” he said, “and destruction 6f the world *had until we have some really solid nothing to do with his decision. information .there’s not all that “This is @rely a personal much we can do.” move ,” he said. “I don’t want A somewhat stronger anybody to think I’m viewpoint was expressed by chickening out just when the philosophy professor Jan going gets rough. I’m just Narveson, speaking on behalf of chickening out on principle.” It the Faculty Association. “I was the fir& time Ram had used
the word ‘principle’ in seventyfour council meetings. Student president Andrew Telegdi delivered a stern warning to council at the same meeting concerning Kohoutek’s possible effects on some crucial
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his effectiveness would be severly hamstrung without the emergency powers. Colincil reaction, however, was unenthusiastic. Speaking against Telegdi’s proposal, Federation treasurer Tom
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motion was defeated vice-president Steve Treadwell abstaining. Grass-roots response to the predatory comet was not strongly in evidence as the campus went about its everyday business. Jim Weston, a fourth year student in chemicalengineering, told the chevron that, “It will be a pity to miss the Iron Ring stag and convocation, but I ‘guess that’s life. What bothers me is that .after five years of hard work what do I get for it?nothing.” Another student, third -year .economics major Marie Gerster, . evolved the novel idea of.using the collision as a case study for a course project. “The kinds ‘of questions I’m asking,” she said, “are: ‘How will this affect Canada’s balance of payments situation?’ and, ‘Will this inintensify or alleviate regional disparities in-the distribution of wealth?’ T6 me, these are intensely fascinating questions and I think Kohoutek is good news to economists the world over. I guess-you could say I’m really excited .” 17-10, with
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f? 72 -it $7 will be the last Staff member Donald W. Ballanger, while expressing regret that the well-respected paper will be necessarily unable to report on “what could be the greatest news story of our time”, was philosophical in his realization that all good things must one day come to an end. As a last gesture of goodwill to campus community, the chevron staff voted at its last meeting to throw a “day of doom ” party in the paper’s campus centre offices beginning on Friday at noon. All university members are invited. “If it (the party) is successful”, said chevron social directpr Randy Hannigan, “we might make this an annual event.” This
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areas. of federatioh policy. Telegdi asked council to invoke the rarely used Emergency -Powers Bylaw, which places virtually absolute executive control over the federation in the hands of the president, until such time as he deems the crisis to be over. Under this bylaw, federation electicrns are automatically postponed until the emergency declaration is revoked. In arguing his position, Telegdi told council that in such critical areas as the pinball controversy, getting meaningful student representatidn on Senate, and reviving the dollar-fifty concert,
strong Duffy expressed reservations about the emergency plan. “I think we have to realize that what this bylaw does, in effect, is create a virtual dictatorship within the federation. Now I’m not saying that’s a bad thing-and don’t get me wrong on this-but I’m not saying it’s a good thing either. But I do think it’s important that we take the long range” welfare of the federation into account before we take any action on this; I think we’d all do well to stop, listen and look both ways before we cross the road.” Several other councillors echoed Duffy’s sentiments, and
“Come Again?” Yes, that’s what they said when he walked this earth nearly two thousand years ago-the cynical Sadducees, the haughty Pharisees, and the sadistic Roman soldiers who nailed him to the cross. “Come again?” they said. They didn’t understa.nd his simple message of love and peace, brotherhood for all Mankind, didn’t understand why this uppity working-class Nazarene chose to wander the countryside with His unkempt band of long-hair&d followers, t&sing off eternal truths at a. rate even Madison Avenue could never hope to equal. And now he wz’lZ come again, bigger, better, and still more beautiful than ever before. Even now the sensational Saviour is speeding towards our evil-infested planet, riding bareback on a careening comet that will reach earth this very evening. An event like this doesn’t happen every day of the week, and we think it calls for some kind of celebration. That’s why we’re making-available, to the readers of the chevron only, a personalized Official Second Coming Certificate, with your name actually inscribed upon it as a certified eyewitness in costly imported India Ink. These valuable certificates, which will make ideal
mementos and divine keepsakes for years to come, will be available at the slashed-rate price of three dollars for a limited time only. . (Sorry: due to the great demand we anticipate on these prestigious collectors’ items, we are forced to limit individual orders to thirty-five certificates. Forgive us, He would .) -