1973-74_v14,n30_Chevron by Editor Imprint

JJniversity of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario Volume 14, Number 30 friday, March 1, 1974 .

Over a year ago, the City of Waterloo, began clearing a right of way for a road, that would eventually extend Hazel Street to connect with Bearinger Road. The extension was to include an overpass for the rai/wa)is tracks that cross the proposed road. However, the city does not own the /and on the other side of the tracks and were&t in the process of obtaining the /and. Therefore, the camp for the ov*rpass and the large clearing in the hardwood bush remain as reminders_of another boggled planning move by the city. Why was the project started knowing that the city did not own a// the necessary /and? The answer is that the city at the time was involved with a mak& work program, Winter Works, and they needed something for the men to do.

For the results :t. r of the council elections, see page

Burt says

/ c .

Federation Will, never hold -- pub bqence management agreement with the President Burt Matthews university that allows for a return rejected the. possibility of a on the bar receipts. This return federation pub at last Friday’s would enable the federation to press conference. He asserted that service entertainment “without the federation could provide encharging -admission. -\ tertainment if they wished, while the university would control the Matthews claims he-/discussed the matter with the federation last . bar. Matthews predicted that the fall: “. . .Andy (Telegdicampus would be licensed by early _ federation president) talked to me fall. The licensed areas will be the in October and at that point I asked villages, south campus hall and him to put down what you’re perhaps the campus centre. talking about in a brief, so I can ‘The dou,bt surrounding the understand it.. -(assorted laughter). . . well then he was back - campus centre pub area depends on the outcome of negotiations over in January and he still didn’t between the university and the have the brief. . so now Bill Deeks (director of administrative serfederation. The federation ’ wants a vices) is going to write to the

federation and say ‘we’re going ahead, this what we’re going to do’ and maybe they’ll react to. initiative rather than I waiting for them.” When asked whether there was a likelihood of the federation getting a portion of the bar receipts, Matthews was quite clear: “no way, I don’t think anybody should rip off students, making money on it.” -Matthews, however did envisage the probability of groups providing entertainment and charging admission to cover their costs in the university-run pubs. He felt that “university should not be involved in bringing in

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entertainment”, and therefore he details so that students would hoped that “another organizations know what they are paying for. He or groups” would take over that .also said that a policy board on the aspect. Matthews obviously made , arena’s usage would be structured reference to the cederation in its somewhat like the campus centre traditional role of entertainment board. That is with student sponsor. In short, the federation representatives being elected in would ensure the capital and cheap each faculty and with faculty and labour to run entertainment (i.e. staff members appointed by the the stage setup crew, sound university president. The students system, and below union wages) would have the majority. and the university would collect *Matthews hoped that the the bar receipts. However, Matreferendum on the arena would thews added, that he did not think take place in the last‘two weeks of the above solution was possibleMarch. no doubt due to a probable It was revealed that the negative reaction .on behalf of the university budget was unfederation ! derestimated by 300 BIU’s (basic The investment needed for the income units-a first year Arts installation of draft beer lines, student is given a weighting of one. refrigerators and \ special equipBIU, and the total amount of BIU’s ment would come out of the food determines the budget) and services budget ($18,~0.~ for therefore an additional $5OO,OOO.O0 south campus hall 1, except for the /will be available for spending next villages ($50,000.00) where the year .- This increment was caused outlay would be met by higher by the unusually high winter residence fees. registration of students. It was also pointed out that only The parking fee increases was university personnel (students, also a matter for concern. Burt guests and staff) would be served claimed that Waterloo’s parking at thepubs. And that the operating rates were “still the lowest in the , hours would be from noon to 1 am. province, with the exception of The question of the ice arena was Windsor university”. He felt that brought up and to this Burt had a the university should not subsidize ready answer : physical resources parking and hence the cost must be was looking into what sort of deal borne by the consumer (i.e. the the university could get for a people with cars). capital outlay of $1 :million. The university will save apThis outlay would be paid off by proximately $45,000.00 per year in students, in an’ eighteen year electrical energy. Burt hoped that period at $8.00 per term. no one was suffering from lack\of Burt said that the proposed illumination. . -john morris referendum must include all the

the chevron

friday,

FED-ERATION OF STUDENTS . * University of Waterloo.

march

1, 1974

* ’ I

Notice is Hereby Given of the /

12$' lime

-\ . . ANNUAL. M-EET1NG.a

of the Federation of Students, University of Waterloo, a corporation under the laws of the Province of Ont,ario, to be - held Monday, March 11, 1974 at 890 p.m.. in ‘Arts Lecture, Room 113. The directors of the Federation will be qppointed-at this meeting, in accordance with section 3 of by-law # 1. ,, The agenda of business,

for this meeting is restricted to this item for which proper notice has been given.

Andrew Telegdi President Federation 6f Students

International solidarity i

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WoOs

HAMILTON (CUP ) -Casling-O’Keefe Breweries is trying to convince union members to support the South African controlled company because of its treatment of Canadian workers, president Wilmot Tennyson told a business administration class at Mohawk College recently. Workers and students buy the bulk of the beer-in Canada. Tennyson detailed the plan to woo the working class. The three part program includes : No more layoffs after two years seniority. Workers who would otherwise be laid-off in a work shortage would be sent into the community to help with special projects for citizens while receiving full, pay from Carling-O’Keefe. According to Tennyson, every employee would, in fact, be a company representative. Time clocks are being done away with-to make the worker feel the company puts more trust in his or her efforts. The company president’s number is also distributed to all employees and the worker is “welcome to call the president if he has ideas for improving the company”. W\hen Carling-O’Keefe has “proved-itself right internally”, the effect will spread to other workers, Tennyson believes. He feels union men outside the company will recognize that it (sic) deserves their support for its labor policies. He did not comment on the labor policies of its parent South African company, however. Carling:O’Keefe is owned by Rothman’s of Pall Mall Canada Ltd. which, in turn is controlled by Rembrant Tobacco Corporation of .s South Africa. A Canadian boycott of South African owned companies and their products is in protest of the exploitation of the cheap black labor made possible by that country’s raaist social system. Simon Fraser voted to ban the sale of Carling-O’Keefe products in their pub recently, in support of the boycott. , Carling-O’Keefe’s new public image is an attempt to reverse recent financial losses. The company reported a loss of $1.5 million in the last/six months of 1973.

LONDON (LNS-CUPI)---A warning has been sent to British dock workers to watch out for the Chilean ship Almirante Williams, which left Rosyth naval dockyard in Scotland Feb. 2 after dock workers there refused to service’ it. The Almirante Williams, built in a Scottish shipyard, had just finished its sea trial and had docked at Rosyth to load up with small arms, shells and other ammunition and supplies before sailing for Chile. ’ However, the dock workers, members of the’ Transport and General Workers Union, decided not to handle the vessel because “it would be used by the military junta against our fellow-workers in Chile.” The action of the dock workers not only prevented arms from going aboard, but also water and other supplies essential to the ship. To prevent the ship from docking elsewhere in Britain, local union officials are contacting all union districts to ensure that no * port in Britain handles the vessel.

Off’with

’

heads

LEGHORN, Italy1 (CUP1 )--Seven executives of a big Italian chemical -company and two ships’ captains are on trial in Italy charged with polluting the once blue coastal waters of the northern Mediterranean Sea with industrial’waste known as “red mud”. The Montedison chemical plant is accused of dumping 3,000 tons of poisonous titanium bioxide into the straits between Italy and the French island of Corsica. ’ The trial follows demonstrations on the island of Corsica and several bombings of Corsica-Italy ferries. The defender& are charged as accomplices in a “criminal scheme of damaging the biological resources of the Tyrrhenian and Ligurian sea coasts”. The Corsican fishing and tourist industries have been protesting for several years over the fish-kill and spoilage of picturesque island beaches. Conviction of company executives and. ships’ captains _who transported the waste would result in a fine or up to three months in jail. />

- friday,

march

1, W74

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experience of reading a poem. It was memorable partly because he gave you time to ponder over what he was saying; in fact, if -you kept an open mind it was hard not to. You were drawn into it as an imaginative experience, as you sat there in a partially darkened room, staring at the pictures on the screen, or at the strange-looking little figure sitting on the stage; . caressing .his wildly. disordered can’t just tell you what he has to shock of hair, yawning widely say in a slick, ordinary fashion. He while someone was asking him a rambled on, quoting snatches of question after the ‘lecture’ part poetry for no clear reason, offering was over. This behaviour in. itself quirky notions like having a padded cell suite introduced into was fairly remarkable if it was natural, and not consciously done ‘Holiday Inn’ Hotels, ‘joking zanily about his having decided to for effect; and it certainly appeared natural. A lot of cdnbecome a doctor in order to “learn the facts of life”. ventional social restraints have And what he did, for most of the been broken through when a man was to can unselfconsciously pick his nose iime he sat on stage, present to us the facts of life of a on, a platform with nearly two thousand people watching him. fetus, at quite inordinate length. If you came with set notions of what Laing became noticeably more you were expecting from the great intense when he spoke of the imR.D. Laing, writer of famous portance of the birth experience books -on schizophrenia and the itself. In the western world most family, then it would have been babies are born in hospitals; the easy to become annoyed with his first sounds they hear are discursive, apparently off the cuff mechanical sounds of surgical style, and start to feel that he was instruments and hospital wasting everybody’s time. Quite a trolleys,the first touch that of few people felt this so-strongly that rubber gloves. Much healthier to they walked out of the ‘lecture’; have a ‘natural’ birth; Laing felt. one person came up to the He spoke scathingly of the almost organizer after about three universal practise in the West of quarters of an hour and said that’ sprinkling a new born baby’s eyes she wanted her money .back. She with acid, just in case the mother said it was like a‘ badly delivered had gonhorrea. This was not only grade ten biology lesson. unnecessary, since a blood sample But if you just listened to-Laing, _ could establish the fact, but, (and here Laing asked us’to excuse his forgetting your prejudices about what a lecture ‘ought’ to be like, language) “it’s a fucking cheek”., Laing’s remarks about the imand what you’d been expecting to portance of language, one of his hear him talk about, then the many little semi-hangups, gave effect for many of those present, me a particular pleasure as a It was a perI- was remarkable. He broke off formance. If you want ,aphrase to student of literature. in the middle of a sentence and describe his style, you could call it said simply, “language is imassured hesitancy. He spoke portant”. Semi whimsically, he jerkily, ‘err’-ing frequently, stopped again when he mentioned pausing for ‘outrageously long the fallopian tube “-he didn’t like intervals se,emingly lost in the name”. The people sitting thought, stopping sometimes in the behind me started middle of sentences to tell a immediately again at this point-Oh whimsical anecdote or quote a muttering sake! How can he poem; and I’m convinced, it was a for God’s possibly object to that? How calculated technique. He knew bloody stupid ! ” what he was doing. What the hell was he doing then? In attempting to present to our imagination a feeling of awe and He was appealing, in a strange and novel way to the listener’s beauty in the natural processes which result in birth he has to use a imagination. Many were left at the phrase like “Fallopian tube”-a end thinking in a new way about life in the womb. A well-delivered word suggestive of mechanical processes. Our thinking is locked grade ten biology lesson would have told us-all the facts about the in the language we use. In his own terms, Laing was right to object to growth process from c’onception such a phrase. Laing didn’t spiel to birth, and- appealed to our imaginations not a jot. Laing out this explanation for us; he just delivered an extraordinarilypaused and smiled. . .and gave’ us delivered poetic experience. After time to fill in-our own imaginative awhile as he mused along; with an recognition of what he meant, if we air of complete,spontaneity,and as were willing or able to. This was you stared at each slide, some of his technique for much of the time. them standing on the screen for ten To those -who come to hear a minutes or more as Laing ramscientific lecture it was intensely bled, you begin to feel, imagine annoying. that that creature in the womb And intensely annoyed some really is a “sentient being”, as people were. Afterwards I’met one Laing kept stressing, that it can of the people who had walked out in feel things inside the womb, and be disgust, and she had met some of affected by things outside it, that the others who had done the same; the motheii;‘s emotional responses apparently the feeling among to it can-be communicated to it, <them was that Laing had conned during the comparative “aeous” three dollars out of them for (Laing’s word) when it is lying in nothing, a ridiculous waste of time the dark. and money and so on. After the lecture this group was joined by At one point, to make this last notion more imaginatively others whose praise for Laing was comprehensible., Laing tapped out lavish. “Fantastic”, “incrediblz’, “brilliant” were typical reactions. four seconds on the table. . . Apparently, for a lecture, and that one. . . two. . . three. . . four. To him, is basically what it was, however at the age of ,46, he said, a year shoots by, but to the creature in the unconventional to inspire extreme like these, is in itself womb, lying inert, a second was a reactions long time time, a month like an remarkable. Some of the people aeon, nine months. . ,What senwho hated it are probably still sations are felt by this thing speaking heatedly about it. _ shaping into a human being during R.D. Laing has given Guelph this period, can have enormous something to talk about for a while effects on its future life Laing to come, and Guelph should be claims. grateful. 1 I Laing’s talk was a bit like Ithe -pete turner

chevron

%)niethirig of abombshell R.D. Laing,. the Scottish psychiatri$ and cult-figure, author of The Politics of Experience,

’

The Divided

Self,‘ Knots,

and other influential psychological studies, appeared in Guelph on Sunday February 26, and presented an audience of nearly two thousand with what was advertised as ‘an evening with R.D. Laing’. Many of those who came with some knowledge of ,Laing’s work must have come expecting a lecture, presented scientifically, but with the gusto and iconoclastic panache of a man widely reknowned for his original and anti-establishment notions. Many of them must have been disappointed. Laing dropped something of a bombshell. For the past ten years Laing has been working with schizophrenics and writing about the potential harm that can be done to a child in its first few ‘years of life by misguided upbringing, and of the need of e.veryone, and especially schizophrenics, to <onfront these early traumas on the road to mental health. Many-came to hear him speak these ten-year old ideas on Sunday night. Instead, he spoke of something new. He claimed that what he has long been saying about the serious damage that can be done to infants applies ‘a even before birth. The concrete evidencehe-offered for this rather startling view -was, he frankly admitted, as yet rather inconclusive. He spoke, in almost mystical terms, of children adopting fetal positions when lying down, severely distressed adults writhing and thrashing in padded cells, womblike...Some of his most distressed patients talk of the womb. With a series of slides showing the complete development of the fetus from conception to its final development, he talked at length about the gestation period. Quite a few people found his talk rambling, long winded and of ten pointless, for he seemed to be just following his thoughts in almost random fashion, following innumerable tangents, and without any normal oratorical flow. He spoke without notes. \ What Laing had to say purely in terms of factual information could probably have been said in about He spoke for ten minutes. something like an- hour and ten minutes. The notion of the importance of the-gestation period is by no means entirely new. No doubt plenty of scientists have stood up in front of ‘audiences before and delivered lectures on the s.ubject, with slides, no. doubt. An ordinary lecturer would have presented his case in an ordinary,. disciplined fashion, reading off his arguments from a sheet of notes, throwing in a joke or a brief _ anecdote, perhaps, for variety. The audience would have sat silently listening, attentive for the most part, though naturally losing concentration to some extent after twenty minutes or so. They would have applauded enthusiastically at the end, and gone out saying, “Wasn’t that ‘a good lecture!“, “What a marvellous speaker ! ” etc. Within a week the lecture would have been just about forgotten by most of the-audience. That is the way with lectures. But Laing is an eccentric. He

ive and Good technology is just good biology, according to George Lock Land, author of the book Grow or Die: The unifying transformation.

principle

Land was invited by the integrated studies faculty to come to campus for two days and discuss his theories about growth and nature. Land -obliged and held several seminars as well as giving a lecture on Tuesday afternoon. The lecture was -basically a reiteration of -Land’s theories that are presented in his book. That his views are reactionarywould be the least one could say, considering the fact that Land is supported financially by such large multinational corporations as Coca-Cola and Proctor and Gamble. Land’s first expose of the lecture was his theory of growth. In a very verbose way, Land managed to tell the audience that psychologic-al growth takes place in stages, the stages starting at the child level and repeating themselves throughout the life of the individual. Land did manage, however to arbitrarily divide these stages into three sections with each section representing a different type of growth. The first type of growth that a person or child goes through is the accretive stage, or. the pattern’ forming stage. The child then moves on to the _second stage, the repletive growth period, when expression of and validation of the previous patterns takes place. Once validation takes place, the person moves on to the third phase of growth called the mutual stage. It is during this period that people begin to share their ideas and patterns with others.

This mutual stage then, is the _ highest form of growth that can be obtained, _ and this stage also completes the first cycle of growth. The individual then moves on to the accretive, stage again and repeats the cycle. This cyclic nature of psychological growth is then repeated throughout one’s lifetime. While this growth theory can be considered fairly credible, it, at the same time offers nothing startlingly new;except of course for the introduction of a few ‘new terms. Land’s reactionary spirit ’ however, shines through when he develops his theory of order and disorder within a system. It is in this area that he challenges many of the contemporary thoughts in such areas as enviromental studies and psychology. Land feels that the current environmentalists are taking a stand on the wrong issues, since, for instance, nature and not man is the greatest pollutor. Land also feels that any device or proce,ss that extends or aids life is as natural as a tree, and that nature is there for man to use \ as he wishes. The environment must be adapted to man, and not vita versa. ’ It was statements like these that prompted several of the people in the audience to challenge Land. It was in this area also that the weaknesses in Land’s theories came out. Land was unable to defend his views, except to say that, “according to the facts as I see them.. .“. It was the speaker’s prerogative-to call his facts the truth and to challenge the validity of any one else’s facts. The lecture overall was an intriguing lesson in how a- person who is dedicated to the capitalist way of life, can distort the realities of life and form them into a theory in which”capitalism plays only a natural role.Laissez-faire capitalists are not dead, but alive and giving lectures ‘at this university. -randy

hannigan

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march

,I, 1974

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the chevron

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_ Student Council i . -Election Results

-****I

. --

ARTS Jane Harding Neil Dunning Jan Crawford John Morris

Baron Loader Mples Lawlor Andy Moroz Allen Klarreich

, _

..=

ENGINEERING Malcom Mercer Gary Billington David Rowat

92* 65* 63* 63*

62 61 50 28

-._

ENVIRONMENTAL Mike Gordon Mike Taylor

-a-

Originally the women’s movement grew out of the anti-war organizations, the civil rights battles and the developing “new left”: Women were always a major part of these groups-but always expected to be “seen and not heard, to work and not be for that work”. recognized Because of the women’s lack of political awareness and insecurity about themselves, it was a long time befor.e any action took place towards liberation. - Some women began noticing the “silence of women and the talking of men” and ,angered at their position, began to demand a real say in the various organizations. - Usually the answer was that really these women were only sexually frustrated ,andnot to be taken seriously. Women did not have the knowledge; it had been kept from them for a very long time. pointed out that Dixon knowledge itself is a commodity -that had been kept from women, that it ‘is power and that it was never transferred to women in the various supposed “progressive” groups. In the light of all this, women ‘decided to break from the main movement of the time and strike out on their own. For this they were criticized by the men-it was harmful to their cause to have half of the group decide-that they could not any longer work with the other half. The reason for the break was the sexism of the men in the was no movements-“there

Paul Sharpe Lois Lipton -Douglas Maynes

16* 13*

HUMAN KINETICS STU_DIES [CO-OP] Patrick Crawther

AND

LEISURE . 53*

Banyard

--.

94* 87* 80*

Jim Freer

“Although I wouldn’t, now, throw a man out of -a meeting, I have to admit that in the days when I did, I really enjoyed it,” Marlene Dixon confessed -to a crowd last Monday evening. American-born Dixon, an sociologist from McGill -University, was the final guest of the February Women’s Conference. She talked of the history of the women’s movement-the most recent history-explaining the present depression among women through her analysis of those more recent events. Presently, the movement seems to be making few gains and to be. more scattered than it-was a few years ago.

Renzo Bernardini

Donald

Men are P not. the -enemy

GRADUATE John Carter Andrew Haycock

STUDIES 82* 63*

59 . ‘58 18

MATHEMATICS Cindy Harris Janice Halligan John Long

’ 159* 139’ 93*

Howard LeBlanc Thomas Weller Steve Shine Carl Chaimovitz

All other faculties or groups had their representatives acclaimed. The chevron the names of those representatives for publishing. There will be a re-election, March _5,1974. The candidates are Paula Sanders and Jane Ferguson. .

45 43 34 32

regrets we do not have for Renison College on

reasoning with-them, to be a man means the suppression of women-.” Dixon discovered upon the break with the men that the contradictions had all been so obvious that women did not need to be told about it, - or organized, Women were ready to organize themselves. From here, Dixon went on to elucidate upon the mistakes the women’s movement made after this historic break. A major criticism that women had of other movements was that they were just as hierarchical and elitist as the establishment which they were fighting. Women adamantly refused to fall into this trap themselves and instead they attempted to‘ organize. with no leaders and no structures. What happened instead, was that there developed a silent leadership of whoever was the best at complaining about others trying to - take over the movement. I Dixon women are claims that “when divided politically, they attack personalities”. Women began glorifying their oppression-it became a virtue. Also, for a time there was a period of great “sisterhood” -when all women saw .each other asfriends and there was little discussion of the political dif: ferences, class differences-as long as you were a woman you had to -be okay. But this ignored the conflict between two groups-the - liberals, now called reformist feminists.; and the socialist revolutionary feminists, the true women’s liberationists. Reformist feminists see theliberation of women being limited to taking half the jobs in -every office, or having half the opportunities in every occasion. This will suit them’Lfine, they are the middle to upper class women who have lots to. gain by this sort of change.. The women’s liberationists do not believe this sort of change will really be any help at all in changing the position of women. They see. a need for a social revolution wherein the rulers do not rule and the ruled control their own conditions. There is a need to change the property relationships.

The two positions are not reconcilable. Reformers know they will lose if the revolution happens-they are the rulers, they lose their status, money and security. Or at least they think they do. Another problem of the women’s liberation movement has been the anti-male line that many women have taken. Men are considered the enemy, the root of all problems-rather than the capitalist society. Dixon disagrees strongly with this position-“men are not the enemy, the ruling class (men and women> are. She believes that the end of the -

logic of this argument is the destruction. of all men, and says “this is fascist to the core’?. Women are ignoring the real oppressor and instead take out their frustrations on men. Men are caught in the bind just as much as women. The oppressor loses as much as the oppressed. Dixon opened the discussion to questions from the floor, which soon became a debate on the good and bad points of communism and socialism. Several people voiced their fears of such a system and Dixon tried to reassure them that communism is not synonimous with the U.S.S.R. --susan

johnson

All may . ’ talk. v

Mohammed Ali may be among the speakers when the black student population of the University of Waterloo host their second annual Symposium of African Peoples on March 9, 1974. Arrangements are now being made with many speakers, including Ali, Yosef Ben-Jochannan’ and Howard Fuller. Theme of the Symposium is “the _ present direction of the black peoples”. Implicit here is the _conscious recognition by a large majority of blacks that factors which, in the past, contributed to their deprivation must now serve to reinforce blacks in their striving for economic self -reliance, political power and racial coherence. Historically, blacks have been constantly reminded that as a race of people they were devoid of historical identity and cultural value. Though most blacks recognized this as a blatant racist myth, they were forced to live with it as. social and political in- . stitutions continued to militate against any effort to disprove such a myth. . The new political rhetoric clamours for participation by all; however, the actual orientation bears little or no relevance to certain minorities, such as blacks. As a result, black students tend to become displaced and aliena ted. ‘Further, their participation in activities outside the strictly . academic sphere becomes purely superficial because of the lack of cultural and social releyance of these activities. In this regard, the symposium aims to provide a very necessary service in terms of a revitalization of black awareness. The symposium will ~ therefore address itself to issues such asi the future of the black nations; education and ideology, the African and Caribbean cases; and influence of foreign capital, what price we pay. This year’s symposium is envisaged to be of greater magnitude than last year’s. Participants will include -all universities with black students in southern Ontario, the Afro-Caribbean Workshop group ‘from Toronto, and there will be seminars, workshops, and films. However, participants are welcome from all sections of the community-black and white. The symposium is scheduled for a full day starting at loam in the arts lecture’ building, and will culminate with a dinner-dance in the’ food services building- at the south-campus area. 4.t.

williams

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The CNT points out only a policy which would defend the living standard, wipe out the latifundium, nationalize private and _ doreign owned banking and the export-importbusiness, and apply an independent foreign policy, would be able ‘to tackle the problems of national development in a serious fashion. The CNT, with more-than half a million members in a country of , , two million eight -hundred thousand, was dissolved by decree June 30, 1973, after the coup by Bordaberry with the top -military leaders. The Uruguayan workers had virtually brought the country to a standstill June 27 when the wealthy cattleman president, with the support of the rightist Armed Forces summit, took over dictatorial powers, shut down Parliament, turned the constitution into a dead letter and unleashed a _brutal repression against the popular sector.

’ ’ Workers’ paper j successful -

VICTORIA (CUP&The two daily newspapers in Victoria, the Victoria Times and the Daily Colonist, both owned by Victoria Press part of Free Press Publications, may not be seen again. The pressmen struck eight weeks ago over job security and possible amalgamation of the two papers which was seen as an atThe sixth annual Congress of Canadian Engineering Students opened Wednesday at the Valhalla Inn. tempt to break the union, and have Delegates were welcomed by Congress executives )ohn Tofflemire.and Warren Turnbull as well as by started their own paper while . Mayor of Waterloo Don Meston and U of W president Burt Matthews. The above apparatus will be used negotiations with the company to provide simultaneous translation throwght the bilingual conference. All of the opening speakers have broken down. . stressed the fact that in order forthe conference to be a success, the delegates should be prepared to The Victoria Express, the - work during the convention as well as when they returned to their respective campuses. In Mestons workers’ paper, is now thrice Matthews added that the emtiloyment words “service is the price you pay for the space yuou occupy? weekly but- is considering going situation for engineers has ne:er looked better and quoted figures to show that. every engineering daily while the Victorian Weekly, graduate should find a suitable space to oc&py. The photographer was )ohn Broezk. another paper, is considering going twice weekly or even daily. But just as the issue was brought The charge is contained in After the latest breakdown in up at the general meeting someone _ number 27 of the underground CNT Victoria Press negotiations, ,,, o ri nk challenged ,the quorum. Though bulletin. NEWYORK (LNS-CUPI&--If Nageneral manager Jack Malville i 522 students would form a quorum The civic-military regime - tional Airline’s “Fly Me,- I’m threatened v that a “one paper and 650 students were present, the decreed on January 1 a wage boost Cheryl”, wasn’t bad enough for operation” would be the result of a meeting was adjourned for lack of but it ordered price increases at you, get ready for Continental continued shutdown. a quorum. the same time. Airline’s new slogan “We Really Despite the threatened merger, The chairperson said later that Move Our Tail For You”. The CNT unions maintained that which the union spokesperson Bill _ there had been a communications According to the Los Angeles . an 80 percent increase is required McLeman termed as “possibly foul up between himself and the Times, Continental claims that its BURNABY (CUP )-Simon Fraser to restore lost buying power. just a bargaining tactic” the union head-counters. multi-million dollar Madison University students at a general remains firmly against returning The CNT’s bulletin stresses in Before the adjournment the Avenue ad campaign conveys the meeting February 19 voted to students voted to continue paying to work until the job security issue 1973 the cost of living rose between idea that all employees-pilots, continue negotiations with the B.C. is settled. 85 percent, the government figure, an extra $5 in student activity fees. mechanics, chefs-are hustling on government to establish a student and 100 percent, the estimate of the Victoria Press is also attempting This money has been used to pay behalf of passenge.rs. However, to fight the workers in the courts ’ denticare plan. United Nations Economic Comfor a student. union building, but the company has acknowledged Earlier in the same meeting the claiming they went on strike a few mission for Latin America the building will be paid for by next that National’s “Fly Me’” camstudents- voted down a proposal to year. hours too ,early for it to be legal. (ECLA). ’ paign -and resulting 19 percent build a skating and hockey rink on However, it is not likely they will It adds the real figures are By continuing to pay the extra $5 increase in passenger growth in campus. The financing of the rink win the case. handled only by the Planning and the students will be able, among 1972 (compared to overall industry might have made the denticare In the meantime the Express Budget manager, Moses Cohen other things, to start the student growth of 10 percent) had a good plan impossible. can continue “indefinitely” acand they. are considered state denticare plan. A tacit agreement deal of positive influence. A vote on a third issue was not cording to one member of the secrets. has already been reached with the “We’re sure going to make a held when the meeting was adeditorial board. The paper has The workers in 1974, the CNT B.C. government and the SFU noise-in the marketplace”, boasted journed for lack of-quorum. The beenable to add $30 to $35 from the states, have wages considerably administration: each will pay one. Continental’s senior vice-president vote was to approve or reject the papers profits to the strike-pay of under the 1972 level; and that year third of .the cost of the denticare of marketing Charles A. Bucks establishment of salaries for its senior reporters. One of the they fell 20 to 24 percent. plan. The student society will pay about the new slogan. student council members. - main problems of the paper is The unions explain that to this the remaining third; Not all of Continental’s The student council made the obtaining adequate printing must be added the “brutal price Approval of the ice rink-plan stewardesses are as excited about decision to institute salaries in the equipment and nationa%l and inincreases which have placed the would have had_ an entire $5 per the campaign. “We’ve been late fall. Opponents and supporters terna tional wire services. wage earners in a dramatic plight. semester going to the construction fighting this image for a long of the idea have both been vocal. These problems are now being of the rink. Financing for the 1.2 In April they received a 28 percent time,” said Polly Musch, “and now The student ombudsperson investigated by -a union feasibility’ increase”. ) million dollar facility would also we’re expected to defend ourselves resigned his position to campaign study committee. The paper is at have been ‘provided by the The bulletin cites the case of a from playboy passengers when against the decision and petition present concentrating on local provincial government, the SFU worker with an average monthly basically we’re there for safety.” for the impeachment of council. news. a-dministration and Molson’s wage of 80 thousand pesos (about The stewardesses maintain that Breweries. $80) a month with an average they definitely will bear the brunt family of four. The family conof customer response to the s sumption of 30 liters of milk, 30 “promise of thrills in flight” as one I kilos of bread, 15 kilos of meat, 100 woman put it. Why else should bus tickets, 4 ,medical payments, ~Continental offer the women a 20 liters of kerosene, 250 kilowatts choice of snappy rejoinders in its _ of electricity and five cubic meters introduction of the new campaign of water, more than absorbs inas well as a monthly contest for the come. best reply from an employee? This example of eight items, A suggested answer to the ’ taken from among two thousand passenger who asks “will you that have increased, shows that move your tail for me?‘I_is “why, the shaky civic-military regime of ;is it in your way?” Juan Maria Bordaberry “steps up A second answer was offered in a to intolerable limits the process of .film at- the campaign’s in- shifting the-national income to the troduction by “a stewardess _._ ‘benefit of the oligarchy”, says the MONTEVIDEO (PRENSA featured in the tv commercials CNT. \_ LATINA-CUPI)-The outlawed “YOU bet your sweet ass I will.” National Work&s Congress (CNT) The union bulletin states that the “Obviously, those are not the the trade union federation, Uruguayan working class is quips a man would say to another revealed that Uruguay’s workers waging a long battle against the man,” said Camille Crosby, a are increasingly angry over the “starve-em-out” policy prescribed stewardess for twelve years; “new wage plunder carried out in by the International Monetary “They’re not something a savage fashion by the dictatorFund aided by dictatorial passenger would say to a ticket ’ ship.“\ ’ repression. agent .‘+

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MARCH.2 & 2-8 p.m. WHAT THE BUTLER SAW by Joe Orton Directed by ‘Maurice Evans Admission $1.25, students 75 cents Central Box Office ext. 2126-Creative 4rts Fed. ~of Students “seating restricted”

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MARCH 9 & 10-8ip.m. SPRING CONCERT a DANCE presented by the U. of W. Repertori Dance Company I a most stimulating programme WII3 include a Russian character dance, a comical jazz routiti’e, a spectacle visualizing the seven sins of Doctor Faustus and a selection of modern dance numbers. Humanities Theatre Admission. $1.25, students 75 cents . \ Central Box Office--ext. 2126 Creative Arts Board, Federation of Students

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~SAT. MAR. 16-8 p.m. - . CHORAL-ORCHESTRAL CONCERT’ Alfred Kunz - Music Director J.S. Bach’s Easter Cantata-CHRIST LAG -CN TODESBANDEN (Christ Lay in Death’s Dark Prison) and the premier performance of STARSC,PPE by I ‘+ Alfred Kunz Theatre of the Arfs I Admission 50 cents Central Box Office ext. 2126 Sponsors-Creative Arts Board. Federation of Students

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WED. MAR. 6-!I:30 a.m. Recital by LOUISE BELLHOUSE (Viclin) and R&H (Piano) \ TREMBATH Performing works-by’ Leclair, Mozart and Dvorak Theatre of the Arts Free Admission f creative Arts Board, Federation sf Students MAR. 6 - 31 PHOTOSURVEY Photography chener-Waterloo of w ART GALLERY UNIVERSITY Hours: Mon. Sundays Closed Free Admission

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SUN. MAR. 17-8 p.m. DOUG WICKEN QUARTET Jazz concert Theatre of the Arts ’ I .Free Admission Musicians performance trust fund. COMING SOON CAUCASIAN CHALK CIRCLE by Bertolt Brecht directed by Gordon McDougall , Humanities Theatre’ Admission $1.25, students 75 cents Central Box Office ext. 2126

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9 Swimmers scare a torontb \

The OUAA Swimming and. record by ten seconds! Diving Championships were held One other team record not last Friday and Saturday in the mentioned as of yet . is Doug PAC building. The final team Munn’s 200% yard breastroke of standings were Toronto with 5091/z, 2:25.9 ahead of the old record by ‘, Waterloo Warriors with 451, then a ’ more than two seconds. big drop to Western with 284 and The 400 yard medley of Queen’s with 153. There were Adamson, Phillips, Hughes and twelve teams in all. Warriors score Stacey Speigel ,also broke~ team is the closest that any team has record going 3:51.3. The relay come to the Blues, who are the came third behind Toronto and CIAU champions. Toronto loses McMaster . two of their top swimmers next Thirteen swimmers, including year, Jim Adams and Mike backstroker Tim Wilson plus diver Guinness who will both be Lester Newby, have all qualified graduating. With this in mind, for the CIAU national chamWaterloo should be the best in the pionships being held this weekend country, since it intends to bring in in Sudbury . Coupled with the a couple of talented rookies. OWUAA _ champion Athenas,‘ Outstanding swims in the meet Waterloo has qualified twenty-two are all too numerous to mention. athletes for this meet. Never Waterloo took nine first place before has Waterloo qualified so finishes to Toronto’s seven. many. Since its beginnings six Warrior Dave Wilson won the 100 years ago-under the leadership of yard freestyle in 49.7, tying with coach Bob Graham, the University McMaster’s George Steplock, then of Waterloo swimming team has later won the 500 free going 4:59.2. been on a constant climb to the top He broke his third team record in of the country. Now with the U. of the 200 freestyle going 1:48.2, T. team being the only obstacle in placing second behind Toronto’s the way and weakening daily, powerhouse Jim Adams. Waterloo should reach top national Warrior Ian Taylor won the 400 recognition by next year. yard individual medley in 4 : 31.65. -eric robinson He also got two third place finishes in the 200 freestyle at 1.:52.6 and the 1650 freestyle at 18:11.8. , Rick Adamson of Waterloo had no trouble winning both backstroke events setting team \ records in the 100 yard at 56.5 and in the 200 yard at 2:Q3.0. The Rugby Club and the Par Waterloo /diver Lester Newby cupine Rugby Football Club of easily won both one and three Timmins, Ontario, played to an 8-8 meter boards scoring 421.25 and tie on Saturday Feb. 22. As the 446.25 respectively. Lester was game was played outdoors in nearly flawless as these high Timmins which is about ‘400 miles scores indicate . north of .Toronto, the playing Mike Hughes won the opening conditions were somewhat adevent of the meet, the 200 yard verse. Zero degree weather, butterfly recording 2:04.5. He also gusting winds and 2 feet of snow came fourth in the 100 yard fly combined to make the game even going 56.4. more exciting. Scoring tries for Louis Krawczyk swam well _by Waterloo-were Frank. Zinszer and breaking three team records, but Mitch Hammer. A sauna was had them taken away by Dave required after the game to restore Wilson in the 100 and 200 yard but no other players freestyle-and yours truly in the 200 circulation followed the lead of Frank Zinzser IM. and Mike MacDonald who took a One’ highlight of the meet was sauna and dip through the ice in a Waterloo qualifying five of the six river before the game. . J finalists in the 400 individual The Porcupine Club which medley. Ian Taylor won it, Rick hosted the snow bowl game were Drummond came third with 4; 43.4, the winners of the Northern OnPeter Robinson fourth at 4:43.6, tario Branch of the Ontario Rugby Doug Munn fifth .with 4:45.0 and Union these last two Rick Adamson sixth with ~,4:42.6 Football years and put on a good show. And which he did in the heats. anyone who has not’ gone on a 1200 The 200 yard freestyle had four mile round trip with 15 rugby out of six finalists. Not mentioned players in a 12 man van is yet are Richard Knaggs coming promised a trip that he will fifth at 1:55.4 and Bruce Murray remember. was sixth at 1:54.6, which he did in the heats. All players and members should attend the club meeting this The final event of the meet was Monday, March 4, upstairs at the the 800 freestyle relay won by Grad Club to decide on club’ Waterloo’s Krawczyk, Knaggs, Taylor and Dave Wilson going 1 awards. 7:27.1, breaking the old team -ken brown

ZerOO\ ./ rugby /

I t

I darryl

photo

by grahame

aitken.

rumsey u of ‘manitoba, mickey fox st. mary’s, rick cassey acadia, mike moser water/o0 and lee thomas ‘st. mary’s-make up the a// Canadian basketball first team. three members of this squad are americans. this was announced at a pre tournament banquet held Wednesday night, mekbers of the media enjoyed an hour of conversation with the coaches and officia/s prior to the dinner, specia/ ention to the bull who livened the evenina with wise words and scotch and soda.

\ V-ball -shock The Athena V. ballers were not shining last w,eek-end in the .O.W.I.A.A. finals at Ottawa U; A shocking first match against Mat on Friday morning brought the curtains down when the Mat girls made a surprising comeback in the second and third games of the match. after being trounced by Waterloo in the first game. The Athenas have rarely been beaten by MacMaster and this first match loss in the Ontario finals will be a perplexing memory for a long time to come. The Athenas trudged on with the realization that all matches must be won from there on in to land a place in the finals. To complicate matters; one more loss would bump them back into fourth spot, which virtually did happen ‘when they were confronted by the Toronto Blues. The finals were played well by the Western girls. Their superior skill stifled the wary T.O. team to a victory and a trip to Vancouver for the Canadians next week. These volleyball players will stand as a fine example of the best’in Ontario. A true tribute to the Athena rookies as the glowing stars of the team is deserved. Martha Bryans, Eiaine Keith, Deb McCabe, Maura Purdon and Judy Rash held their. place in the ranks as strong contributors throughout the season. Second year players‘ included Robbie Aude, Deb Sadler,, Ina VanSpronson and Donna Walters. The young veterans, the elders of the team, are in their third year and include Maria Da Costa, Irene Kwasnicki, Nancy- Lounder, and Sue McTavish. All of these girls will be eligible to play next year. -kwas

‘n’ fuzz

Waterloo squashed to -third>

The Warrior squash team participated in the OUAA squash playoffs last weekend and ended up a solid third place behind the Universities of Toronto and Western. The round-robin tournament pitted each team against all others and the winners were decided by the total number of matches won. Waterloo defeated York and McMaster 5-O; however, lost to Western 5-O and to Toronto 5-1. The two day playdown saw Western and Toronto split their matches with each other so the final outcome was that they were tied for first place with 14 points. By tallying up the number of games won, Toronto was declared the winner. Waterloo received third place with 11 points and McMaster placed fourth and fifth

respectively . Steve Hisey, the Warrior’s number one player received second place in the overall individual standings, having been nosed out for top honours by. Sam Shaw of Western. The team which consists of Steve Hisey, Doug McLean, John Fredrick, Peter Armstrong and John Frittenburg had quite a successful season’ under the direction of coach John Nash. As well as placing first in both categories of their own tournament, the Warriors captured top ranking in the York Invitational earlier this year. Congratulations should go to the team for finally bringing a high level of varsity squash to Waterloo.

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1, 1974

Learn

from

the Russiand

The same old cjame on the, scene. The Russians in wanted results fast. They didn’t have skilled players so they’ concentrated on the development of physical condition and a An extreme effort of imagination is resyst(em of play which would minimize this quired to discern any significant symptoms of change in professional hockey in North disadvantage, and it was this that brought them their first successes. America since the visit of the Soviet Union They are now going through a further team a year ‘and a half ago. ‘L The Russians may have shattered the development period where experience and myth of invincibility built up around the more and more individually brilliant players are being added to. their system of National Hockey League, but they certainly have made little impression on the fast, agile skating, tremendous stamina and resistance - to progress that seems to organized passing. Valeriy Kharlamov and others left no doubt of that, and there are characterize coaches, club owners and some who say that if Kharlamov had not others who determine how our game will be been injured by a slash on the ankle the played. Russians probably would have won the Apart from a few rule changes, little in the series. way of innovation has been seen on local They are using’what might be called a rinks since Jack Adams made forechecking “complete approach” to the game where a fact of life back in the thirties. little is left to chance. Frankly, I find it quite incomprehensible. Club owners have seen how brilliant skating - The -NHL, as far as can be seen, is stagnant. Basically, the game is being and organized passing can electrify crowds. played as it was 20 or even 30 years ago. Coaches have seen what tactics and pattern play can do against individual skill and There is no indication that our people have c learned from the Russian demonstration experience. and are attempting seriously to adapt any of Yet they sit with their heads buried-in the sand like so many ostriches waiting for the their techniques. world to pass them by. “What was good It’s been said thatit would be a mistake to the Russians. Perhaps so-but enough for Hap Day is good enoughfor me,” , imitate appears to be the philosophy. growth depends on adaptation and learning, has been considerable study of methods and There on intensive strategies, on new concepts. rationalization to justify this point of view. You quite frequently hear learned exThe bow and arrowswas a great weapon in its day; but no matter how skilled the ,arplanations that certain systems andmethods might work in Russia but wouldn’t - ‘cher, he stands-no chance against modern be any use here, that our players wouldn’t weaponry. You don’t last long if you-don’t go for the hard training and discipline, and adapt. that it would “burn them out” over a 72 While pride may be one factor preventing game schedule. Much of this is simply not -\ our hockey brass from utilizmg new techniques, it would also. appear that many true. A coach who recently took over a faltering of them do not entirely understand what the NHL team explained his philosophy by Europeans are doing, nor how they are doing it. saying that what was needed was not “fancy European concepts” but to do a better job of In talking with such coaches as Tarasov, Mayorov, Bobrov and Kulagin, I have found “playing the game our way.” Perhaps “our way” is no longer enough. they are somewhat startled our people The’ Russians, Czechs and Swedes are prefer to stick with a simplistic approach in

This article was written by’lloyd Percival and it originally appeared in Sport and Fitness Instructor.

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FEDERATION OF STUDENTS tiJNlVERSlTY OF WATERLOO

At very least.. a series of seminars to which success is based totally. on personnel.* “In any sport it . is -not wise to be brainbust the whole series should have been held to provide coaches and club executives satisfied-one must always be looking for with a clearer picture of what’s going on. new-things to keep ahead of the opposition,” The NHL and the WHA would do well, to Mayorov told me. And he added.: “I don’t think I could coach under your Canadian finance a hockey institute at which an ongoing study of the game should be unsystem because it would be very boring.” dertaken-not just European methods,-but I have discussed the situation with several Team Canada players and others from the further development of our own system and techniques. This would be the ideal way to NHL who watched the series closely. Some hockey the things of them said- they had tried out a few of the bring to North American it needs to keep pace with international things they picked up from the Russians and and make it a better game for Czechs-and were promptly shot down by developments their coaches. spectators at home. This is perhaps understandable, because. Very little is done, relative to other organized sports such as pro football, to new ideas are often useless unless the entire team is using them. However, the net result employ all the sports sciences as an aid to has been a gradual suppression of interest in continued improvement. There should be a adapting the lessons of the series to the vast increase in the technical literaturenot just colour stories about the life and Canadian game. Apart from the somewhat dismal times of well-known players with a few instructional details thrown in, but hard prognosis of our future in international and analysis of techniques competition, I believe the incorporation of core instruction new techniques into our game should be from the physiological viewpoints. Much given more attention for the simple purpose has gone on in the world since hockey closed of making it more exciting. What an op- its doors to further knowledge. The portunity. for a new league like the WHA, development of physical condition, teaching which is short of skilled personnel, to utilize skills, motivating players, increasing some of the European concepts, such as strength, agility and speed-all these things maximum physical condition, a high tempo have been intensively studied throughout the world. The literature on the subject is of play and organized passing and playing systems. Not only would it help to give the enormous. WHA an exciting and different product but The Russians, the Czechs and others have by no means ransacked the game of new would lead them more quickly to a conconcepts and improvements. Much remains frontation with the NHL in which they would _ to be done. The point is-we in North not be’outgunned, just as it has the Russians America are not doing it, except in sports and Czechs. other than hockey. If they remain with the tried and true concepts, it could be a long time before they Football, track -and field, swimming, basketball-almost all the developed achieve parity. constant seminars and clinics One of the answers might be for one of the sports-hold weaker teams in the WHA to develop a at which coaches are brought up to date on game plan in which all these things are - la tkst developments. Hockey Canada, the CAHA and a few utilized. It would have to be launched as soon as the current schedule ends and be other bodies are making efforts to remedy the situation, but they haven’t got nearly carried out intensively under proper enough ammunition at their disposal. ,Until supervision, but id could show . dramatic the professional leagues, who have the results by next season. have the most at It is surprising to me that this hasn’t ’ money and’ power-and stake-assume leadership it is apparent *already happened. I cannot think of another that little real change in the basic na&e of major sport suffering a shock such as the our game will take place-“Stay on your Team Canada-Russia series which would wing, dig in the corners, hit and shoot as not have thoroughly evaluated it and taken remedial measures. often as you can.”

Applications ar-e invited for ttie following -positions ’ onthe Executive- Board of the Federation of Students-for the academic year 1974-1975: .

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1, 1974

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Federation President Andrew~ Telegdi . called a special Athletic Advisory Board meeting last Monday, Feb. 25. His purpose was to present his suggestions to the’ board about the possible administration of the student funded arena, He suggested that the arena board be made up of appointed members ,from each society plus one from St. Jeromes and one from Renison plus four from the AAB including two students and two faculty. In all, the voting membership of the board will be thirteen students and two faculty. Telegdi feels that if the members of the arena board are appointed that $hey will be responsible to answer to their society, and thus if they do a poor job and don’t attend meetings, they will be replaced. On the other hand Dr. Matthews feels that the democratic system of electing members to the board is the best idea. But with all of the elections on campus,! how is the average student to know who and what he is voting for? I feel that selection of members by ap, pointment is the most responsible “*way ‘to ’ have the arena ad. ministered. _Telegdi put forth a motion toward the end of the meeting -to adopt his proposal of the arena board constituents. It was altered 1 slightly to the effect that the AAB accepted Telegdi’s proposal, but that they urged a meeting between Telegdi and - Matthews to straightend@ or compromise any discrepancies. ‘The general feeling :of the AAB is that i the administration of the ‘arena should not be a major issue, but the actual construction of it is the AAB’s goal. Incidentally, the Warrior hockey team would only ‘use - about 20 percent of the rinks prime time according to their coach Bob McKillop. Ten dollars per student per year will not even cover the 9 per cent interest of a $115 million complex.\ Whether this.9 per cent is realistic is another question, since Dr.

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Royal Life Examinat.ioris are being held Saturday, March 16 Bronze 1:00 p.m. Distinction 1:36p.m. Award of Merit 2:30p.m. For -more information contact Debi Young at Ext. 3532. The Senior AR ‘exam will be held March 5 at 6:00 p.m.

innertube

waterpolo

-This is a further reminder of the Intercollegiate co-ed innertube I waterpolo tournament to ‘be held Saturday, March 9. The Tournament is scheduled to start ‘at 12: 00 noon and run. until its c’mpletion. Teams will be coming from McMaster, Western, York and our ’ own Waterloo U. This should prove- to be an exiciting event to. watch, so why not come - / OM.. * / t0.U rl’lieS -

j-.

The Black

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Waterloo w.e hail thee I ,May we e’er- u,p-hold all the things you stand for .’ ’ Black and white and gold x Waterloo we hail thee _ : ’ Black and white and gold. 1 2 Our teams will. never yield ’ -:They y-11. fightwith strength 1r‘an&, ,:-; ’ _:i,:..’ :.,-: _.;\: ,,e. ,: As we shout with all our. might Sj\ That “We’rea from”Waterloo.-” \ 3 We will ever hold ‘on .high The torch for .Waterloo. _ \ ‘In harmony with truth” \ Our. motto bold and true.4 When we leave thee-Waterloo,. i With confidence and pride, *We’ll bring honour to your . natie, a- .*_ . j We’ll ,I*. . “shout it” far and wide.

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White and &Id ,

;I; We are. proud of Waterloo Let the words ring loud and - t clear , ‘, We will always ‘honour you Our .alma .mater dear ’ Chorus ’ ’/ , ’ 1, ’ \

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Buds leave the ‘math bldg. at 8 am. Tickets are from mathsoc. I availably

a school song for Waterloo

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Men’s Broomball t Tournament March l-March Table Tennis entry March I Tournie March Wrestling ’ entry March Tournie March Mixed Volleyball entry March Tournie March One on One B-Ball entry March . : Tournie March e

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photo by ‘vark

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Awards

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to have a beer with athlete.

, ‘r _ . 11 ’ ’ \ ! 4 In their last encounier of the the York Yeomen at Varsity 5 regular season, the Waterloo _Arena. Winning this game would 6 Warriors ensured themselves so1.e advance them to Saturdav’sY finals. \I 7 nossession of first place, , by -liskris a 8 irouncing the Br6ck Badgers 14-6. 12 Doug Snoddy earned the shutout 8 honours, in-,, this game. The 11 Warriors asserted their strength at the beginning of, the game getting In Men’s ’ Competitive Ice no competition from the Badgers, Hockey this past week witnessed a Scoring in this game were Russ few “upsets”. E .S.S: finally did it - Elliot with 4, Lee Barnes with 3, to Math, their rival for many a Ron Hawkshaw and Rob Made&y term, by beating’ them soundly 3-1. with-2 apiece, and Dave M.cCosh, In League C, Kin had somewhat of Doug Colbon, and Frank Staubitz an easy road until they hit Upper i with singles. Eng. Upper Eng, by beating Kin 5At the’ end of the season the ‘2 finished top in their league. Western Division chose’ two AllIn Competitive .Baske,tball - Star teams. On the first All-Star O.H.I.P. was the spoiler winning team 5 of the 6 positions were -&heir 1 st three games straight. awarded to the Warriors. These The s’urb rise of the league proved were Jake Dupuis in net, Frank tobe the fact that Co-op Math, the Staubitz and Randy ‘Stubel at Matthewswas the person who_ .summy. ‘73 champions, did ‘not defense, Mike Guimond at *centre quoted the figure, and we all know make It into the playoffs. and Russ Elliott at right-wing. Ron With only five tournaments what position has taken on a large Hawkshaw was awarded the remaining and playoffs coming up _ complex. position of left wing on the second in the competitive team *activities But in any case, the AAB united All-Star team. with the federation of students is the race for the Fryer Award is Last Tuesday night the Warriors _ very close between St. Jerome’s apparently on an upward climb. met Wilfrid Laurier Golden Hawks and Kin for those who are inDr. Matthews will never be able to in the semi-final game. This was a I rough, close contest terested in such things. use the excuse again that they with both could not get together on a parteams giving it their all in order to women’sb-ball ticular arena issue. advance them to the OUAA finals _ ’ -efic robinson.- ’ held in Toronto this weekend. The \ Off-Campus Kin rolled to their f Warriors managed to edge Laurier ’ \ 1 fifth consecutive victory last week 8-6 giving them the victory. with a 19-10 exhibition, win over The first period saw the Golden their arch-rivals, the 3A Easy Lay Hawks open the scoring. ups. The easy Lay ups . were-e Waterloo’s Bill Stinson tied the already exhausted by a previous game, followed by ‘a goal from game, but .managed to come. up, Russ Elliott. The Golden Hawks s c with enough ehergy to ,put’together quickly responded with. a‘. goal to : .I _ Anig-ht rmz in’%3gG :r:zEt end the period 2-2. * . The second period ended in a 5-3 Cindy Haynes and Debbie Mcedge for thp Warriors. Laurier Pherson dazzled the 3A defence This year+ award night will be opened the scoring with their brilliant cutting and held in the Viilage Two Great Hall shooting, and K.O. Kennedy I March 14, at 8:00 p.m. knocked’em out on the boards with At, this time, the men’s and powerplays. Scoring ,for Wa t&loo her tough rebounding. women’s intramurals will be were Doug Colbon, and y Mike The Kin team is looking forward \ presenting their trophies to the Guimond with 2. to the last league game, March 7, outstanding intramural conThe Golden Hawks returned in against St. Paul’s when the team% tributors as well as/ the Winter the third period scoring 2 quiyk 5-O record, .and first place in the - Townson Award for participation goals, tying the game up once ’ league will be at stake. and Fryer Award for competition; more. .Dave McCosh then regained -bob sisler the lead fo\the Warriors on Jim The Intercollegiate athletes will Nickleson’s rebound which wasbe receiving such awards as M.V.P. and top male and female sportsweek . ’ followed by a powerplay goal /by athlete etc. Randy Stubel. Laurier’s final attempt at regaining the lead Following the presentation of the - ClAU bask&ball , today and awards the remainder of the night ,tol,.,~orrow here came on /a powerplaygoal. . \ is turned over tosocializing at the Warriors responded with, the final,, ClAU swi’rhming at Laurentian. ’ . bar. This awards ‘night ‘is- open to &rker of the.game coming from H‘ockey. piayoffs tonight tit everyone, although everyone: may Ron Hawkshaw. , -# I not receivesan award, . but you get LTonight the Warriors will take’on York. . , _ _ _

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AAB, (.delight ,-

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PERSONAL Urgently needed a loving home for a black cat. Call 579-0836 Gail. Professional draftsman, low rate, will do diagrams, chart or graphics for thesis, reports or journals. Lettering Iwith Leroy and Letraset. RO 884-7503. Contact Holiday Ranch -for skidoing and horse drawn sleigh riding. Call 664-2616. FOR SALE Collectors item 1964 Lincoln Continental excellent condition. 62,000 original miles, full power options, everything works. Must sell. Phone Jim 578-5902 or 743-8159.

Some guys can go pelting down the Road of Life like an arrow. They never hesitate, never swerve, never even slow ‘down. But the. rest of us get gnawed by these funny little questions. They come, unasked for, unwelcome and. usually about two o’clock in the morning. The-y can stop you cold in I . your tracks. Samples: Is this all there is? If everything’s working out for me, why am I bugged? What in God’s name am I doing anyway?

Konica auto 52 35MM Rangefinder camera with case, battery. Excellent shape. $70. Phone 885-0656. WANTED Nikon Ftn or Nokkormat Ftn body and 35, 50 and 200mm. Lenses in good to excellent condition. Phone Doug 745: 9516.

If they persist,( if they make you feel like some dim-wit robot programmed by someone else, maybe you should bless the questions, take advantage of the time-out,.. and think. ‘If you’re asking yourself what in God’s name you’re doing, why not think about doing something in God’s name? / That’s right, a priest. A Redemptorist. I t‘s an extraordinary life‘ for the right man. Ask us about it. Phone or write:

THE REDEAJPTORIST Gerry Pettipas, 426 St. Germain M5M lW7. (4 16) 466-9265

TYPING Will do typing of essays and thesis in my home. Please call Mrs McKee at 578-2243. Typi?ig for students, 742-4689.

Will do typing (Lakeshore 3466.

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HOUSING AVAILABLE k Townhouse to sublet May to September, four bedroom, swimming pool, cable TV, beside Parkdale Plaza:8850936. _ Townhouse to sublet May to September, 3 large bedrooms, large kit-, then, carpeted livingroom. Rent negotiable. 884-4826. ---. I -

march

1974

For summer term, six level townhouse in Lakeshoe, furnished. Three bedrooms, sundeck on roof. Write 5230 Sunnydale Place, Waterloo. Phone 884-9582. May to August, Lakeshore Village, fully furnished, August rent free. 525-B Sunnydale Waterloo, 884-9892, live in the sun. Two people needed for townhouse, Lakeshore Village. Call 884-6421. Townhouse-sublet summer term (143 Columbia No.E8 at Phillip) ho accomodation closer, pool, $200 month (will rent individually). 885-1720 D. Garland. May to September single or- double room for rent. Excellent kitchen and washing facilities, close to university, male only. 884-1381. May to September furnished townhouse with pool, 2 minutes from UW (143 Columbia at Phillip). Will rent individually $46 month or group $186 month. 884-3741. _ Apartment to sublet May to Septem,ber, furnished, 3 bedroom, 1%’ bathroom, sauna. Phone 579-5048 . nLafter 5pm. Four bedroom townhouse for rent May to August completely furnished. $220. Lakeshore Village. Call Brian or Vince 884-8384.

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- friday,

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1, 1974

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Last summer the employees of the Lip watch factory in France decided to occupy. the factory when they heard that the owners were about to declare bankruptcy. They continued to produce the watches, selling them at lower prices and through friendly’unirons. This one example of selfmanagement has shown many doubters that indeed it can be done and that workers can successfully organize their own workplace. This article is reprinted from Working Papers: for a new society and written by Peter Herman who has been studying workers’ movements-for some time with much interest. z On June‘ 12, 1973, workers at the Lip watch factory in the French provincial city of Besancon barricaded two administrators in their offices. The workers’ suspicion was that the company was near bankruptcy; ,their fear ,was massive They demanded to know the layoffs. management’s plans. That night the CRS, France’s national “riot police,” freed the hostages. The occupiers offered no resistance. Before the police arrived, however, workers had thoroughly perused managerial files. There they discovered a plan to restructure the plant, dismantle major sections, and eliminate some 350 jobs. There were 65,000 watches then at the plant, which the workers proceeded to sequester. The next day most of the 1,300-person workforce entered the factory and began to run it without the managers. The events that followed -1’affaire Lip, it shortly came to be called-became both focus and symbol of the biggest wave of political activity to hit France since 1968. The Lip watch company dates from the late nineteenth century. Under its Swiss founder, Emmanuel Lippmann, and his son Marcel Lip, the company grew to be a successful and wellknown maker of high-quality watches, sold in jewelry stores throughout France. For most of its existence, Lip was a typical middle-sized French enterprise. The Lips maintained a friendly, paternal rapport with their employees, many of whom were women. The workers in turn developed a sense of professional craftsmanship. After the second world war, control of the company passed to Fred Lip, grandson of the founder. Lip, flamboyant and energetic, looked to a future of dynamic growth and diversification. He built a new factory in Palente, a modern suburb of Besancon, and added two new sectors, machine tools and weaponry, to the company’s traditional watch manufacture. But performance did not match expectations. Lip failed to penetrate the new markets in any significant way, and the watch operation itself began to go downhill. (In the 196Os, other watch manufacturers such as Qlton, or Timex in the United States, developed a line of mass-produced inexpensive watches, which they sold in large department stores. Lip never developed such a line, continuing to sell only through small jewelry and watch stores. As a result, despite its wellknown and trusted brand name, Lip steadily lost its hold on the watch market.) To raise money, Fred Lip began to sell the business to Ebauches, a Swiss watch trust: Ebauches bought 33 percent of the Lip stock in 1967 and raised its holdings to 43 percent in 1970. By this time, it was clear that Lip was no longer master of the business; he retired in 1971, leaving effective control -of the ‘company to Ebauches. Ebauches’ primary goal was simply to sell its own products in- France under the recognized name of Lip. (Watches made ein Switzerland bearing the Lip name have been sold in France since 1970.) The trust also planned to sell watch

Watches -aad - work&s: . they said it couldn’t b&done -’

springs and other parts., manufactured by their Swiss affiliates to the Besancon factory. The plan meant radical changes for the% Lip company. Traditionally, Lip had made watches from start to finish. Ebauches began to convert the factory to an assembly plant for premanufactured parts. In 1967, for example, Lip manufactured 76 percent of its watches in their entirety;‘ By 1972, this figure had fallen to 49 percent. The once largely self-sufficient plant was becoming a

module in a larger, /multi-plant orianization controlled by Ebauches. And Ebauches, like many other Swiss watch companies such as Longines , is itself controlled by the giant ASSUAG, the most powerful financial group in watchmaking in the world. Changes in the manufacturing process meant changes in the workforce. Many workers became no more than assembly-line operators. The pace of work became more uniform and “rationalized.” The watch assemblers anticipated layoffs as production became more standardized and mechanized. And Ebauches planned to eliminate the other sectors of the plant, which had never been successful. Most’ of Lip’s employees work at the Palente ‘plant. The company is one of the few employers in the area, and turnover is low. The workers’ unions include the Communist-led Confederation Generale du Travail (CGT), and an unusually powerful local of the’ Confederation Francaise Democratique du Travail (CFDT). The CFDT, originally a Christian socialist union, draws strength at Lip from a tradition of Catholic social militancy in the region. It stresses the idea of autogestion, or self-management, which was to prove centrally important in the Lip struggle. A series of confrontations three years ago foreshadowed the events of last summer. Fred Lip, deep in financial difficulties, had tried to avoid the raises and benefits widely granted to French workers in the prolonged wake of May 1968. The response of the workers included an eight-day occupation of the factory, which forced Lip to back down and grant the raises. As a result, union leadership was powerful and ‘well-respected among the workers. In-1973, Ebauches decided to implement its plan for restructuring the company. The first step was to drama&e Lip’s financial difficulties publicly,‘ in the hopes of legitimizing the anticipated layoffs. ,Thus in April, though Lip’s financial situation’ was by no means desperate, Ebauches asked M. Saintesprit, Fred Lip’s successor and a long-time associate of the Swiss firm, ‘to resign as director. The parent firm then arranged for the Tribunal de Commerce of Besancon, a kind of bankruptcy court, to name two provisional administrators. The company gave the appearance of bankruptcy, and decisive changes seemed to be in the offing. At this point the Lip workers took the initiative. Their first move was to create a factory-wide strategy committee. The committee was open to any worker, unionized or not; it was, in turn, more effective than any of the union locals could be, both because it avoided inter-union rivalry and because it could convincingly claim to speak for all the employees. Its intensive meetings came to two critical conclusions: first, that a general strike would be a disasterous tactic against a bankrupt firm, since it would give management the excuse it needed to shut the plant down; and second, that the workers must nevertheless act decisively, and not wait for the planners to plan for them. The committee resolved to begin a work slowdown and to public& the worker’s situation through public meetings. The slowdown began April 24: in May the committee organized support meetings in Besancon, Paris, and even in Neuchatel, a nearby Swiss watchmaking city and the seat of Ebauches. (This last demonstration was intended to show that the Lip workers did not oppose the Swiss workers, but were struggling against the patrons, both French and Swiss.) Meanwhile, anxiety about the real plans of Ebauches and the provisional administrators continued to grow, despite the directors’ assurances that the new “administrative and continued on page 14

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financial arrangements” would not affect the employees. On June 12, the workers barricaded the two administrators in their office and declared that they would release the hostages when they learned the manag%ment ‘s plans. During the day, the workers made their key discovery in the director’s office: a file of letters and plans exchanged between Lip, Ebauches, and the government’s Institute of Industrial Development, dating from November 1972. The file revealed the plans for restructuring, dismantlement, and layoffs, including setting aside five million francs for the cost of the layoffs and two million for the cost of dismantling the armaments -and .machine-tool sectors. None of the workers had anticipated such a well-orchestrated plan. It -confirmed their fears, and gave an atmosphere of crisis to their- situation. Anticipating the intervention of the police, the workers hid the entire stock of watches and decided to occupy the factory. When the CRS freed the hostages that night, the workers concentrated on organizing a regional demonstration of support for the next Friday evening. To their considerable surprise 15,000 people came to the rally.. It was the biggest public meeting in Besancon since the Liberation in 1944. With this symbol of public support, the workers’ committee geared up its activities. The group formed seven subcommittees open to any work-erg: production, sales, welcoming, fundraising, publicity, food,, and security. It decided to continue producing watches, though on a smaller scale, and to sel.l them at reduced prices directly to customers. The publicity committee organized speakers’ tours to other cities, and sales groups to sell watches through union offices. A news leaflet, LIP UNITE, began to come out, and a film on Lip- was commissioned. A factory like Lip is honeycombed with job classification and hierarchies of workers. But the Ebauches plan did much to unify the employees: foremen, ~ and workshop heads (the so-called ’ cadres du deuxieme college) as well as the rank and file all helped to keep the factory going. All, that is, but the sixty-odd cadres du troisieme college: the top managers of the plant, and most of the technical experts and research personnel. Many of the latter faced unemployment if the Ebauches plan was carried out, and it would not be easy for them to find other jobs. But they did not participate in the occupied factory. They worried about the illegality of the occupation and watch sales, and feared that involvement in the struggle would leave permanent black marks on their records. Their own committee (outside the facto@ denounced the Ebauches plan, but at the same time deplored the tactics of the workers. The workers’ committee, for its part, encouraged the’ “cadres” to join the other employees. The factory, during the occupation, looked like few other factories in the world. A huge sign outside the parking lot read, “It’s possible: we make them, we sell them.” A poster in the front hall, renamed the Hall of Welcome, showed a ship flying a Swiss flag navigating through a sea of struggling swimmers; the caption was “They save the ship, but the people.. . . drown.” The hall also had a display of Lip products and the watches available for sale. A “solidarity wall” was filled with thousands of letters and telegrams of support from all over Europe. In the restaurant area, a group-- of workers answered visitors’questions . And the visitors were frequent and numerous: families on vacation, curious onlookers, groups of students and workers who had come to learn abut Lip and to help the committee. Some of this last group stayed in i&e plant all night to help with security.’ Watch sales went up sharply as customers were glad to show their solidarity by

buying good watches cheap. One Besancon businesssman joked that he would be glad to take control of Lip-provided the strike continued. Security was loose, despite the obvious presence of the CRS in buses down the street. The only sign of secrecy was the hidden stock of watches. Few knew where they were, but it was widely rumored that they were hidden on church property. The liberal archbishop of Besancon had been an outspokensupporter of the Lip workers, and church property is relatively safe from police search and seizure. -By the- end ‘of July, the situation at Lip had become nationally known, and newspapers reported daily on the situation. The workers’ committee, in a virtually unprecedented action, began to pay the employees from the profits of their watch sales. This further venture into selfmanagement was of course technically illegal, like the watch sales and the occupation itself. But it was enormously popular, and the Lip slogan changed to “It’s possible: we make them, sell them, and pay ourselves.” While the workers were paying themselves, the committee collected funds “to express solidarity with the strikers of Pechiney (an aluminium factory) ,/worthy to share the first workers’ pay in syndicalist history.” The while _*economically necessary, thus wages, became a political ’ act as well: a symbol of autogestion. The issue of self-management at Lip is com_-plex. The Lip workers are not, by and large, sympathetic to the symbols and styles of youthful leftism. When a group called Front Rouge painted slogans supporting the workers on the church bell tower in Besancon, a large group -of workers urged the committee to condemn the action and ‘not to associate with such- cochonneries. The workers’ committee has consistently chosen tactics that unify the workers instead of dividing them along -\ ideological lines. For example, the committee rejected a plan to pay every worker the same wage. They knew that such a change was marginal to their immediate struggle and #would seriously divide the workforce. Many key decisions, in fact, were last-minute moves taken to meet crises. The decision to produce and sell watches, for example, was an improvisation to meet the workers’. financial needs when, to their surprise, the government did not act promptly to remove them from the factory in June. The committee was split on the wisdom of these illegal sales: many feared that both the average watch -assembler and the public might react negatively. This initial nervousness became confidence and enthusiasm when the public greeted each step with -renewed support and watch sales began to shoot up. One CGTdelegate at Lip said: “At first we all agreed not to talk about workers” control or socialism. -But the government made no move, and le patronat hardened. The weeks passed and our experience changed us. We still don’t think of installing full workers’ control. Just a bit more autonomy. But, as a result we are beginning to hope.” The “direct control” of the Lip plant had a major effect on the workers themselves. People often worked around the clock o’n. the various committees. Men and women showed initiative and talent that had lain dormant for years. A young woman assembler said: . You must try to understand what a thing like this means to a woman like me, used to bending over the same neon light, doing the same things eight hours a day. Suddenly I’m free to set my -own hours, my own work pace, to get up when I want, even free to change jobs, by shifting from one committee to another. The workers fought to protect their jobs, not to “change the system”. The bywords of the. struggle were “no dismantlement, no layoffs .” Much of the national support has been similar in

we. make them,

nature. The French traditionally dislike government meddling. Nor are they fond of huge corporations and financial empires, particularly those based in other countries. The spectre of unemployment haunts a number of Frenchmen, and the spectacle of a little plant successfully defying a corporation’s plans for layoffs is hearening. There are other factors as well. *The CRS is$unpopular. The watches were cheap: And no one liked to see the French government collaborating with Swiss financial groups. At the same time, the tactics of the Lip struggle have conjured up- a sense of social idealism that is revolutionary in spirit if not in politics. Cartier-Bresson’s pictures of middle-’ aged men and women voting in assembly at Lip, - which have been published widely in newspapers and magazines, suggested the old dreams- of small-scale, participatory socialist cooperation. Besancon is the birthplace of Fourier and Proudhon, and the symbolic connection between their utopian theories and the experience of the Lip workers is not lost on the French. Self-. management, though not officially espoused by the workers, is a part of that utopian vision. Self-management is also a live political issue for the unions. Most of the Lip workers’

organized support throui the two-major union fede CFDT. Bu-t- nothing’ divisions between the tv self -management. The, ( union federation in Frai by the French Communi committed to parliamer stresses economic gair s often tries to suppress s in factories. In May 196 leadership nominally s strikes but attempter negotiations, to steer the pattern of orthodox dsr Workers’ self -manage system, to the CGT, is c, workers to collaborate ir More, a policy of underm a gradual factory-by-ft power is incoherent; capitalism must be att attack on the state. An system such as present-d be electoral victory. ’ example, that the “irresI 1968 scared the French, election for Gaullism in Hence any attempt workers’ control at the sh according to the CGT, course is resolute opposit secretary general of the ( to the federation’s memb struggle . against“the

:I, 1974

ut France comes from ions, the CGT and the rags out the latent more than the idea of l’, the most powerful is largely controlled barty and the party is t-y politics. The CGT I, national scale, and ntaneous local actions for example, the CGT ported the wave of with the Grenelle )cial upheaval into the Ids for higher wages. ent in a capitalist tradictory: it asks the heir own exploitation. ng capitalism through oiy restructuring of entralized monopoly ked centrally, by an in a nonrevolutionary France, the goal must e CGT argues, for isible” leftism of May nd led to a landslide Jne. 1 introduce ideas of ) floor or plant level is, ltal; the only proper n. Georges Seguy, the T, sent an open letter 3 at Lip., praising their government and le

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patronat.” But he went on to warn them not to fall into the “trap” of allowing Lip to be used for “certain partisan ideas and theories” (a transparent reference to the notion of autogestion), but to stick to the precise demands of no layoffs and no dismantlement. . ’ The CFDT, the other major union federation, is the main proponent of autogestion. The CFDT is more libertarian than the CGT. It opposes the latter’s centralized hierarchy and its subservience to the Communist party. It favors a union movement that N is not subordinated to parliamentary politics, that is open to many currents of left-wing thought, and that stresses the demands of rank-and-file workers. The CFDT has provided an organizational home for many veterans of the leftist activities in 1968 it is the only trade union that hbs been moving to the left in the last few years. Its argument is that movements for more control over working conditions, far from hindering the transformation from capitalism to socialism, are indispensable. Most of the leaders of the Lip strike are CFDT delegates; many are also members of the PSU (Parti Socialiste Unifie). One can assume that they are sympathetic to the ideas of selfmanagement; but clearly the first priority is to maintain unity among the workers and to avoid alienating the CGT. Hence the demands of the strike have been formulated negatively. In fact, the first issue of LIP UNITE makes a clear concession to the CGT position when it warns: “In a conflict of this type in a capitalist society the solutions are not in the hands of the workers. ‘Workers’ cooperative’ or ‘self-management’ are hollow concepts in presentday society.” But if the workers are necessarily restricted in their demands, they can afford-as we-have seen-to be considerably more imaginative in their organizational tactics. The implicit element of autogestion in the- tactics appears to be an essential ingredient in the success of the Lip strike both among the workers and the public at large ,. On August 1, Jean Charbonnel, theeminister of industrial development, presented his plan for the restructuring of Lip. It called for the creation of a watch company under Ebauches’ control, and a machine-tool and armaments plant, - supported largely by public funds. It envisioned between 500 and 600 layoffs, and made vague promises about helping the laid-off workers to find other employment. In short, it differed little from the -.-plan that had triggered the occupation in June. The workers lost no time in rejecting it. Charbonnel then sent Henry Giraud, an experienced industrialist, to begin negotiations with the committee., .But Giraud had few independent powers, and the negotiations were more charade than reality. - By this time the government was impatient+ perhaps a bit desperate. The affair had been dragging on for two months. The popularity of the. Lip workers was growing. Other factories were .beginning to take cues from the Lip ex‘perience. A wave of occupations broke out: an aluminum plant at Nogueres, a shoe factory at Romans, a clothing factory at Lorient. The government decided to act before people returned from summer holidays on September 1: -early on August 14 the CRS occupied the plant. The workers, a token night force, offered no opposition. The struggle continued in no less imaginative ways. The mayor of Besancon donated the use of a high school gym as astrike center. Clandestine workshops were established, capable of finishing the assembly of several hundred watches a day. ’ Key parts of plant machines had been removed before the arrival of the CRS and were held as material hostages. The Lip committee organjzed another major rally in Besancon, and the unions arranged a rally in Paris. Both were well attended, particularly for the middle of August. But the leaders were nonetheless worried. Without the occupation of the factory, they had no way to maintain public attention, and if publicity died down before the return from summer vacation, the Lip affair would be effectively over. Their ties‘with the unions paid off at this point, however: the CGT and the CFDT \

both continued to organize meetings and rallies in support o‘f Lip, and momentum was somehow maintained. Lip was still very much on people’s minds on September 1. At this writing (October 1973), negotiations between the government ‘and Lip workers have bogged down. A juridical compromise had been -worked out, permitting the creation of three companies. Each of’ the three was to function independently, but they would be under one corporate umbrella, thus permitting one workers’ committee for all three plants, as the workers’ demands specify. The key issue of layoffs, however, is still unresolved. The government insists that roughly 300 jobs must go, and the workers are sticking to their demand of no layoffs. No solution is yet in sight. There are still public rallies and union meetings in support of Lip. But the essential phase of the Lip affair is probably over. For two ‘months, the workers of Lip organized and ran the factory, making and selling their product and ‘paying themselves in the process. With an astute combination of realism and imagination, they succeeded in creating sympathetic reverberations throughout French society. And they did not yield when the government used force, but instead maintained their demands and their popular support even after they lost control of the \plant. Many ingredients of the Lip workers’ success are unusual. Hence it is hazardous to generalize uncritically about the future of this form of workers’ control. For one thing, the Lip workers’ committee.moved into the power vacuum created by Ebauches’ bankruptcy maneuver-. They did not have to struggle directly with an employer for control of the factory. Second, since the movement presented itself not as a “revolutionary act” but *as protection for threatened jobs, it automatically commanded the support of nearly all the Lip workers. Finally, the workers were greatly helped by Pompidou’s policy of wait and see, which enabled them to maintain uncontested control of the plant for two months. The Lip strategy. of production and sale suggests one way of sustaining long strikes, since French workers are poorly protected from the economic consequences. of protracted work stoppages (many workers are not unionized, and the unions themselves have no substantial strike funds). But Lip’s success here depends partlycon the firm’s particular product-Watches are small, relatively simple consumer items that are marginal to the economy. It is not clear that a similar strategy would work in a major industry: you can’t sell aluminum or steel to the public at large, and coordinating production at an auto ‘ plant, say, is infinitely more complex than assembling watches. (Even Lip’s watch production was dependent on the stock of watch

movements seized by the workers in June.), Also, employers and the government would be less likely to adopt the wait-and-see policy in the case of a key industry. Yet there is no doubt that the Lip affair ma& a watershed in the history of the French workers’ movement. For one thing, Lip reveals the drift of the Pompidou regime toward a policy of tightly knit European capitalism involving large multinational firms. Despite the residual Gaullist rhetoric about the glory of France, and the Gaullist vision of workers and owners participating in a grand cooperative effort, the Pompidou government refused to bail out the small firm- and refused to reemploy the endangered workers. The ministry, instead, acted wholly in the interests of Ebauches. ’ The Lip affair also demonstrated that a .group of determined people could successfully resist, for a time at least, the plans of the government and the big corporations. The Pompidou regime prides itself on its technocratic central planning. But it proved unable to solve the industrial problems of a small watch factory and unable to respond to the challenge posed by the workers’ occupation of the plant. What would the (government do in the case of a major, industrial crisis? How would it respond to a general strike or a wave of factory occupations? After Lip, the questions seem open. J Most important, the tactics of the Lip workers revitalized the workers’ movement more than anything in recent years. Young workers from all over France streamed into Besancon last summer to study Lip. Others requested Lip spokesmen to visit them and talk to their workers’ groups. The Lip experience is directly relevant to a range of small and middle-sized businesses; and workers’ groups at large enterprises, aware ‘of their different situations, are discussing with new vigor and seriousness the possiblity of’ adapting workers’ control strategies to their factories. A group of young workers at--Renault’s BoulogneBillancourt complex (the largest factory in France), for example, are discussing the possibility of isolating a sector of the plant and manufacturing consumer-salable auto parts. The revitalization affected the unions too. In place of the bitter spectacle of 1968, when the CGT and the CFDT (among others) called each other “traitors to the working class,” the Lip affair showed them working in uneasy but genuine collaboration. It suggests that the union of the left, that will-o’-the-wisps that the French have been pursuing for many years, may be beginning to take solid shape. 1 Two nights before the arrival of the CRS at the Lip plant, ,Roland Vitot, one of the leaders, said that he expected to be driven out of -the plant. In a sense, he added, it didn’t matter, because the decisive ‘message of Lip had already been delivered. He was probably right.

1'6

friday,

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march

1, 1974

March5at8PM Al 210 /

’

a FRIDAY Baha’i fireside. 7 : 30pm Everyone welconie.

Hear Anna Cushman,.

coordinator, Torontd Committee for Defetpe of Dr. Morgentaler ,

portance of the church fathers for + current thought about Christ” 3:30pm ’ PHY150. Sponsored by U of W Religious Studies group. Everyone welcome.

n&ships HU‘M248

Ixthus coffeehouse in its second season of free admission, coffee, speach and love. 9-12 ML coffee shop. \ SUNDAY A worship serviw for the campus c@,nmunity. 10:30am Conrad Grebel. Discussion to follow service.

“Why Defend Dr. Morgentaler.”

Disciples of Ski Chinnioy will hdld meditations. 12 noon 14A Charles Street West, Kitchener. Waterloo Jewish Students-Hillel Israeli dance programme 8pm CCllO.

March 9 in Ottawa-Ab,ortion Tribunal \ to: Defend Dr. Morgentalek Bus +transportation $1,. * 662928?0

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576-2293

’ MONDAY Twenty-four hour hunger protest to Syria’s treatment POW%. Campus centre% all formation centre will be Sponsored by Waterloo Students Hillel. Circle K meeting. Everyone welcome. Duplicate necessary.

6pm

strike in of Israeli day. Inset up. Jewish CC113.

bridge no experience 7pm L %Sc lounge. Part-

can be arranged.

players welcome* Free meditation’ class. RQom, STS. Sponspred Marga.

All bridge 7pm Round by Ananda

OPIRG executive meeting. By-laws be discussed. Eyeryone welcome. 9pm f2-3321.

to 7-

Paralegal Assistance offers free non’ pr,ofessjonal legal advice. Phone 8840840 petween 7-10pm or drop in CC 106. Chess club meeting. 7:30pm CC135. Rated tourname?ts, instruction or just play. Gay Liberation Movement meeting. For more information call ext 2372 or drop into our office CC217C.

Contract brigge. Partiierships arranged. Free coffee. 7:30pm

cqn be CC135.

Meeting of Greek Student Association. 7: 30pm campus centre. Canadian uniyersities and independence. public-meeting with Peter Havers, national chairman of the %85 percent Canadian Quota Campaign, speakipg on . US influence in our universities. 8pm CC113. Hear Anna Cushman, co-ordinator , Toronto Committee for Defence of Dr Morgentaler speak on “Why Defend Dr Morgentaler” Fprn AL210 WEDNESDAY Paralegal Assistance offers free nonprofessional legal advice. Phone 8850840 between 2-5pm o‘r drop in CC 106.

Kitchener Public Library Jazz Club meeting. Topic Charlie Parker by Barry Elmes. 8pm.

Amateur’ Radio Club -meeting. N&v members always welcome. 4: 30p.m E22355.

TUESDAY. Paralegal Assistance offers free nonprofessional legal advice. Phone 8850840 between 2-5pm or drop in Cc 106.

Students’ International Meditation Society introductory lecture on the principles and practice of Tran‘scendental Meditation. 8pm MC2065.

Dr. Joanne Deiart, College, U of Toronto

St. Michaels Topic “ihe im-

Wa‘tgrloo J&wish Students Organization meeting with Dr Ben Hubbard of St Jerome’s College speaker. Hillel House, 170 Erb Street West, Suite PlO 8pm. For more information call 744-5798.

Free movie-“Two Lane Blacktop” James Taylor, Warren Oates (1971) 9pm CC great hall. THURSDAY Celebration. of the Holy Eucharist 7:45am St. Bede’s Chapel, Renison College. Waterloo Christian Fellowship 5: 30pm CC113. Everyone welcome to an informal supper followed by a speaker. Dave Ward’s topic is Christian Freedom. Paralegal Assistance offers free nonprofessional legal advice. Phone 8850840 between 7-10pm or drop in CC 106.

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Canadian Quality of and Mrs Canadian

Life drawing class 7-9pm HUM386 Everyone welcome.” 25 cents. Sponsored by Fine Art’s ,Guild. A ‘whole new outlook on you and the universe. Come and discover how you fit into God’s perfect plan. Christian Science informal group testimony ’ meeting 7:30pm SSc301. . Student’s International Meditation Society preparatpry lecture on the principles and practice of Transcendental Meditation. 8pm MC2065.

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friday,

march

1, 1974

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a ., -

Ai essay on life My Belief: _-Essays on’ Life and AA’ by Hermann Hesse, translated by Denver Lindley . Farrar, Straus- & Giroux, 393 pp., $8.95

(

Hermann Hesse, who lamented the decline of the West and celebrated the journey to the East, whose doublesouled heroes are both. cont,inually suffering and affirming life, whose novels personify the drama of dualism, the projection of “theideal into reality”, was ‘himself enthralled by two opposing cultural tendencies, the transcendental longings of German Romanticism, in the _ literary period between 1750 and 1850, and the chaos , and plight of the modem world. In these collected essays on life and art, extending from 1904 to 1961, all of Hesse’s abundant meditative energy, his proliferation of poles and counter-poles and syntheses, his masterly studies of Dostoevsky and JeanPaul and Holderlin, his frank and penetrating discussion of moral and political and cultural issues, show him struggling to overcome the dichotomies of past and present, science and poetry, and espousing the belief “that there are not various peoples and minds but only One Humanity, only One Spirit”. ’ At times both the predicament and the resolve are stated quite badly: “The way leads from innocence into guilt, out of guilt into despair, out of despair ‘either to failure or to deliverance: that is, not back again behind morality and culture, ,into a child’s paradise but over’ and beyond these into the ability to live by the strength of one’s faith”. - More representative of Hesse’s style are those qualities of modesty, delicacy,. and tact, the aura of what he calls “magical thinking”, which illuminate even the most casual excursion and disarm us by the-earnestness and purity of his voice.

9 It s about The Mod Donna Myrna Lamb Pathfinder Press $2.25, 200 pages

and Scyklon r ’ ,

Good fiction describing the woman’s movement is often difficult to find. Although writers easily expound the intellectual philosophy of the women’s movement, few effectively create a picture of what the movement is doing when writing fiction. Writers such as Doris Lessing, Anne Roiphe, and Lois Gould write about the oppression of women but portray their heroines as ‘being only:depressed creatures who can’t do anything about their situation. It is hard for many to create an image where the philosphy of the. women’s movement is applied. Most of the plays -of Mod Donna & Sckylon Z by Myrna Lamb show women who have taken actual steps to escape their oppression. One such woman is a scientist in But What Have you done for me Lately who uses her newly, found power to her advantage. In an experiment she performs a sexchange operation on a man so that he may experience the beauty and pleasure of childbearing, to- his dismay. She takes revenge on him for putting her in a similar position earlier in life. She didn’t want to have a baby then, but because human life had been so important to men

like him a good part of her life was ruined. Now that the roles were reversed, he _was thinking differently. He finally realized the absurdity of having unwanted children. He cried -despairingly, “This is insanity. 1 I do not want ,this thing in my body. I want it removed. Immediately, Safely .” The woman replied in the same answer that she had C received in the same position. “What if every pregnancy brought about in error or ignorance or 6hrough some evil or malicious or even well meaning design were terminated because of the reluctance or the repugnance of the host? Surely the population of the world would be so effectively decimated as to render wholly redundant the, mechanisms of lebensraum, of national politics of hunger, as a method, of greed as a motive, of war itself as a method.” Her ‘logical’ explanations for, not aborting the child appeared unreasonable to the man although he had said the same words years when he was not involved. After. the woman was finished her

sermon on why abortion was not the right thing to do, she disgraced him then held him in suspense -while she considered his plight for abortion. Finally after she had almost talked ‘him out of the idea, his abortion was grante& This play is larger than life. Most women do not have the power to take revenge on men, nor want to, but the woman ~in this play has overcome her oppression and has taken steps to change things. . Mod Donna, the title play of the book, also shows a woman trying to chang?! her situation.Dorma, the play’s heroine, seeing that one cause of her oppression is the traditional monogomous bearier found in marriage, invites a neighbouring couple to move in with her and . her husband. Several disputes arise, about who should sleep with whom, who should have the children, etc. Mod Donna changed her way of life and ran into many unsuspecting problemswhich she would have never encountered just living with her husband. Although the institution ‘of marriage can add to the oppression of women, the reason does not come out clearly in this play because of it’s style. It,+was written ~ as a rock musical (similar to’Hair), with the theme of Updike’s Couples. Neither styles add in bringing out Donna’s reasons for changing her way ,of life or problems faced. . Although the other plays fail to portray women trying to change their situation, they exaggerate things that men think about women to the point that men themselves can see how ridiculous they sound. Some of the philosophies of the women’s movement are instituted in this collection of six short plays but are too futuristic for today’s woman to relate to. Women are not in the position to change their situation. They do not have the power to force men to feel what they ‘have been put through, nor do they feel free enough to abandon traditional - mores that they have been raisea to believe in. Most women today are aware of their oppression and can change their situation as much as the characters portrayed in the plays of this book. Even though it is hard to relate personally to, this collection of plays . bring out the need for the women’s \ movement. -linda lounsberry

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- Complaints and-Disorders Complaints and Disorders: The Sexual Politics of _Sickness, available for $1.50 from Women’s Press, Toronto. Adapted from Liberation News Sevice.

. Medical science has been one of %he most powerful sources of sexist ideology in our culture. Justifications for sexual discrimination must ultimately rest on the one thing that differentiates women from men: their bodies. Theories of male superiority ultimately rest on biology. ComplaiGts’ and. Disorders: The Sexual Politics of Sickness is a new pamphlet by Barbara Ehrenreich and Deidre English, the: quthors of Witches, Midwives and Nurses. Both are published by-the Feminist Press in Old Westbury, New York. While -Witches offers an introduction to the history of women healers, and focuses on the takeover of medicine by male professionals in the nineteenth century, Complaints deals with the , medical system and ideology frog 1865 to 1920 and how it applied to women. The authors focus separately on women. of the upper and upper-middle class, and on working class women. And they are clearer about the effects of the medical system as it applied to affluent women (probably because wealthy women were more directly affected by the medical -system). In addition, Ehrenreich and English explore the ambiguities of the early public health reforF movements directed-often by wealthy women-at the poor. The following is a summary-reviey of Complaints mostly excerpted directly from the 94 page pamphlet. Affluent women lived lives of enforced‘ leisure. T&e majority of upper and uppermiddle class women-had little chance to make independent lives for themselves; they were financially at the mercy of their husbands and fatheis, They had to accept their roles-outwardly at least and remain dutifully house-bound, whitegloired and ornamental. ’ This boredom and confinement fostered a cult of “female invalidism” that began in the mid-nineteenth century and didn’t fade until the late 1910’s. Sickness- was an integral part of upper and upper-middle class female culture and made these women dependent for their very survival on both doctor- and husband. Women at that time did in fact face certain risks that men did not. Childbearing, for ins/tance, was much more dangerous then than now. In 1915, the first year for which national figures were available, 61 ‘women aied for every 10,000 live babies born, and compared _ tiith 2 per 10,000 today. Maternal mortality rates were no doubt even higher during the nineteenth century and without contraception a woman could expect to face the risks of childbirth repeatedly. In 1900, there were 173 doctors per 100,000 populatioh in the United States, compared with 50 per lQO,OOO today. It Q ,was in the interest of doctors to cultivate the illnesses of their wealthy patients -

with frequent home visits and drawn-out treatments. Some women saw through this, and Dr.-Mary Putnam Jacob wrote in 1895: “I think, finally, it is the increased attention paid to women, and especially in their new functionas lticrative patients, scarcely imagined a hundred years ago, that we find explanation of much of the ill health among women, freshly discovered today.” The underlying medical theory of women’s weakness at that time rested on what doctors considered the most basic physiological law: “conservation of energy .” According to the first postulate of this theory, each human body contained a set quantity of energy that was directed from one organ or function to another. This_ meant that you could develop an organ or ability only by drawing-energy away from the parts not being used and developed. The second postukite of this theorythat reproductivity was central to a _ woman’s biological life-gave the - reproductive organs almost total control of the whole woman. Since reproduction was woman’s purpose, in life, doctors agreed that women should concentrate their physical energy inward, toward thk womb. Doctors and educators were quick to counsel that, for women, higher education would be physically dangerous. Too much development of the brain, thgy counseled, would atrophy the uterus. In addition, doctors found uterine and ovarian “disord&s” behind almost <Z&-y female complaint. Treatments were aimed at altering female behavior . One, used to treat

. many problems diagnosed as “nervous disorders ,” was based on isolation and uninterrupted rest. Passivity was the main prescription, along with warm baths, ~601 baths, abstinence from animal foods and spices-, and ind;lgence in milk and puddings and cereals. As a Dr. Dirix wrote, “all forms of mental excitement were to be perseveringly guarded against .” Doctors also took the surgical approach. Since a woman’s entire personality was supposedly dominated by her .‘reporductive organs, then gynecological surgery was the. most logical solutioq to any problem. Removal of the clitoris was practiced atid more widely, removal of the ovaries:. “female castration .” Patients were often brought in by their husbands who complained of th%ir unruly behavior. When returned to their husbands, they were “tractible, orderly, industrious and cleanly,” accordingto Dr. Robert Battey of Rome, Georgia, in

1872:

Of ‘course the very threat of surgery was probably en&gh to br&g many women into1 line. In fact the medical attention directed at these women amounted to what may have been a verj, effective surveillance system. Doctors were in a position to detect the first signs of rebelliousness, and to interpret thefn as symptoms of a “disease” which had to be “‘cured.” Working class women were in an entirely+ different situation. Crowded, poor living conditions were a fertile breediqg , ground for typhoid, yellow fever, TB, cholera ,and diptheria. While sickness, exhaustion and injury were ’ routine in the life of the working class woman, a day’s<absence from work could cost a woman her job. . Two women who worked in the garment industry recall, “We only went to work from York, and from work to bed again. . .and s’ometimes if we sat up a little wliile at home we were so tired we could not speak to the rest and we hardiy , knew what we were talking about. And still, there was nothing for us but bed and machine .” While there was nb great public outcry about the health of poor women, there

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was a great deal of upper and upper middle class concern about what the poor were doing to the “health” of the cities. Disease was invariably seen at foreign in origin, imported on immigrant ships and bred in immigrant slums While it was true that the rates of in fectious diseases were higher among the poor, the affluent frequently used a feat of germs to express their fear of the poor” Working class women, often em, ployeed as household servants in the homes of the rich, were regarded as potentially . “sickening”. “If anything was missing, like a piece of silverware‘ servants must have taken it. If anyone in the family got sick, you naturally suspected servants of carrying something,” according to one survivor oj the early twentieth century. As the health of the poor posed a threat to the upper classes, the public health movement and birth controlmovement ,arose, both drawing heavily on the energies- ofr upper and upper, middle class women. Although these movements obviously brought progressive changes, both mobilized large numbers of wealthy women in b way which solidified their relationship tc working class women-not as sisters but as uplifters. The issue of health-female health and family healthwhich. potentially csuld have united wqmen of different classes, now divided them into “reformers” on- the one side and “problems” on the other. Upper-middle class women did not turn against the medical profession that had imprisoned them and rejected poor women. They did not unite with poor women to create a movement which could demand a simglg staqdard of health care for all ‘women. Instead they allied themselves ’ with doctors against the poor. Comhlaints ends with some- thoughts on the situation today. “We can only marvel at the endless plasticity of a medical “science” th&t can adju& its theories for age, sex or social class depending on the needs of the time...What is amazing about medical “science” as it relates to women is that the .theories change so neatly td fit the needs of the dominant male ideology.‘* ) /

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Each package offer includes the retouching of --one negative of your choice from a selection of colbur proofs. Retpuching extra negatives $3.50 eai=h. No. 1 2 - 8 x 10 mounted

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. Full Payment Half Payment plus cheque for balance post-dated prior Sept. 1st. Series Ticket Orders will be filled in order of receipt and mailed after September 1st. Send cheque(s) payable to the University of Waterloo with a self-addressed stamped envelope to the Central Box Office, University of Waterloo. For further information phone 885-1211,

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"EXTRAORDINARY" '

“‘EL TOPO’ is an extraordinary moi/ie! A phantasmagoric allegory of Western civilization. The film is superior for Jodorowsky’s impulse to sa- tire and surrealism enterta,ins while it slakes the popular thirstfor blood!” -Paul

D. Zimmertiaq,

Newsweek

?JNFORGiTTABLE"\

“‘EL TOPO’ is a uniqye and unforgettable experience! It is just about everything that has been’ said of it. Because iris all things to all people, its story is a multi-layered ink-blot test of references and implications.” -Martin Mitchqll, After Dark

“ ‘EL TOPO’ is simply art. One is astonished mands

to be seen

a monumental each time more

-Peter

than

work of filmic by patterns and

.once!”

Schjeldahl

in the New York Times

'"MASTERPIECE"I -

“‘EL TOPO’ is a masterpiece as much ,as it is a testament fo one man’s genius! A.work of incomprehensible dbpth. It is a ‘roadmap to the soul’!” -Steven

Fuller, Changes

A Gesture for Concern by Dame11 Cootes.

MIDNIGHT SHOW SATURDAY MARCH 16th 12:05 A.M. /

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After 5 years as an international best-seller . m8 unquestionably the greatest adventure .,’ scape #ever filmed!

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glimpse of Indian groups living like shy wild bird flocks in the forest. The most interesting material however, is in the thirty-one myths themselves: not set in an “ethnographic context” not philosophically dissected like those in Reichel-Dolmatoff’s Amazonian Cosmos (1970), ‘but told simply and vividly, as if out loud, like Jaime De Angulo’s Indian Tales (1962). And they are full of humour and mysterymyths that parallel our own (the origin of day and night, the flood); myths that account for the origins of art and custom‘s (often by theft or trickery) ; myths. which reveal by implication the social lives of people-all coming out of a “dreamtime” in which humans, otters, jaguars, fish and vultures are intimately #related by intermarriage and transformation. A man warms himself by a firefly, ‘flutes live in the water, the dead jo&ney as snakes, a canoe has eyes d anthropologists and artists will f&d them rich \ , and strange.

Xingu: The Indians, The& Myths ’ by Orlando and Claudio Villas ‘Boas, edited by Kenneth S. Brecher, translated by Susana Hertelendy Rudge. Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 270 pp., $12.95 -e - The Villas ,Boas brothers are almost singlehandedly responsible for the survival of many groups of Indians in Central Brazil during a quarter of a century that has seen the opening of a gold-fever&h, gunhappy, genocidal frontier in the Amazon jungle. This book, drawn from twenty-five years of. their journals, is a compendium of myths -from the tribes of the Xingu River Region wh&e the brothers-rough adventurers - “Whd shall say what prospect and men of gentle intelligencelife offers to another? Could a peisuaded the BTazilian greater miracle take place than government to establish a large for: us to look through each protected (and now highway other’s eyes for an inthreatened) reservation. stant?...,.History, Poetry, The book begins with a brief Mythology! survey of the flora, fauna and -1 know of no reading of climate of the Xingu and a another’s experience so startling history of some of the tribal wars, and informing as this would be.” mergers, intermarriages, and From Walden, by H .D .Thoreau . extinctions that gradually “Go and catch a falling star, created its culture-sharing “society of nations”. For the nonGet with child a mandrake anthropologist this part of the root...” . . book is hard to follow, a tangle of _ Contort through a Klein bottle. unfamiliar tribal names, though one does occasionally catch a Or, if you prefer, penetrate the

Persona

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glass plate which surrounds your closest acquaintance. Persona, by Ingmar Bergman, which played this week at the Picture Show, brought to mind ( i the above lines. Persona, an image rather than a story, sets forth two women, Alma and Elizabeth, one trying to cpmmunicate with the other. Elizabeth, a famous actress, is brought -to -a mental hospital after she has refused to speak for months. She is placed under the care of Alma, a twenty-five ye$r old nurse. They go to a seaside cottage, a microcosm in which ‘the rest of the theme unfolds. The nurse-patient relationship falls quickly into the background, and it strikes the viewer that these are two ‘normal’ people. y Elizabeth interjects only once or \ twice during the whole course of the movie; the sole verbal expression comes from Alma in monologues. She fails to pierce Elizabethys box, even though she does penetrate far enough to make her smile, nod, frown and \ caress. After a time, Alma tries to think of herself in the idenfit,y, of her fqllow -a very bizarre phenomenon that is accompanied by some excellent imagery-but . the attempt fails. The movie ends, as all human acquaintanceships, where it began: except $hat we have travelled a rung further on the spiral into ourselves. Isolation, cow not as a function of urbanization but -as part of the human condition, in spite of the physical proximity (or rather because of it), seems to be the overriding theme. Bergman achieves a controlled tension which makes us wary of every move t\e two women make. This comes to be the most compelling feature if the development 3

phase

of the film.

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the chevron

1, 1974

Andy and / us

After reading A. Telegdi’s piece in the r’ special election issue of the Chevron, - there are pages of objections that could be written. However, aside from the fact that Telegdi used “I”, “my”, and “myself” no fewer than 68 times, afid that his head is on.backtiards, what I object to most is the following statement: “I strongly feel that a newspaper funded by all the students on campus. should not be’ used for the purpose of giving an undue advantage to any one candidate...It does not help when we get misrepresented in our _ qfficial Federation paper.” Since the Chevron is funded by all the students, it is’ a student newspaper. It is not the organ of the people in ‘power in the Federation of Students. The Chevron is entitled to express any politic+ bias that it chooses. This is called freedom of the press, Telegdi. I hope ihat the Chevron never stoops to federation ass-kissing. As for misrepresentation, that depends on your point of view, doesn’t it? I. Baltaduonis I PLAN4

f Ahafida Margti Yoga

I am a member of Ananda Marga, which is an international socio-spiritual group. We have been active in the Kitchener-Waterloo area for a little over a year now and I, personally, have taught some asana (yoga postures) classes on campus. I have also talked to many students on some of the other aspects of yoga such as meditation. Through this I have come to realize that many people have misconceptions about spirtualism. They confuse it with religion. This letter is an attempt to explain spiritualism and to show its difference from religion. I hope you will print this letter as it may be beneficial to some of your readers. Religion arises out of fear. In ancient times there were many things around primitive man which he did not understa_nd and which could harm him and, naturally he was afraid of them. Because of this fear and lack of knowledge he worshipped the objects 6f his fear in the hopes of appeasing them. Being in this state of ignorance was, of course, a distinct disadvantage. When a person is ignorant and afraid he or she is in a position to be exploited. This is exactly what has happened. Throughout the ages rulin)= classes have used religion has a tool to keep people in ignorance so that they could be exploited, and not even be aware of their exploitation. Religious teachers tell the people that their condition is the way God wants it to be and that they should not complain or try to improve their lot. The historical examples >of this dynamic occuring come from every culture in the world. In China the Confucian morality maintained the position of the landowners at the expense of the peasants and later on made China an easy target for thp capitalist countries of the world to ’ exploit. In India the Hindu Brahmins taught the people that only they could be educated and that all others.must stay in various stages of ignorance. This was n’ecessary to maintain the caste system, one of the most co’mplex systems of exploitation that has ever man devised.Again it made India very vulnerable to exploitation by western capitalist countries and is still retarding

progressive movements in India. Kings in the Middle Ages’ of Europe came up with the “Divine Right of Kings” in order to maintain their privileged position. In our culture Christianity is one of the pillars the exploitive capitalist maintaining system.- I am sure many of us have had our stomach turned by the sight of Billy Graham and Richard N&on laughing and joking together: partners in crime.

Spiritualism is a’ liberating force. The essence of spiritualisti is that Truth which liberates ‘human consciousness from ignorance, thus from fear, thus from exploitation. Spiritualism teaches that all is spirit, all is consciousness therefore our essence is that consciousness which‘ maintains and destroys the creates, ‘universe. There’fore, we have nothing to fear, nothing can harm us. It is only our belief that we are the created rather than the creator, material rather than spirit which makes’us vulnerable to all the pain and suffering which characterizes life. Spiritualists believe &hat life, is in fact only that struggle to, come to the realization of one’s Self. Individually the Self is known in the west as the soul; in India as the Atman and collectively it is God. Spiritualism, then, is concernedwith the expansion of consciousness. Spiritualists will fight for anything which results in a growth of. human awareness and against all those forces in society which resist progress and seek to hmit growth. ‘The oldest form of Spiritualism known is Tantra given by Lofd Siva around 5,000 B .C. Tantra, literally means the movement from darkness to light, from ignorance to knowledge. In fact everything which elevates ‘or expands human awareness is tantric. In fact many of the great social movements in our culture, although they would shudder at being called spiritual, a& tantric, since they are involved in raising pr expanding awareness. Women and black liberation groups are two- such movements which spring, to my mind. They are active in destroying the false myths and dispelling the ignorance which keeps women and blacks in an exploited position. That tremendous rush which many of us have experienced, which comes when we become aware of our capabilities and understand that these myths which have kept us down were lies, is the same in a milder form of the spiritual ecstasy which comes with .the realization of s,piritual truths. Truth liberates and brings ecstasy. At this point I would like to clear up some miscbnception about the Guru. Guru means the “dispeller of darkness” or the ‘one who “leads us from .darkness to light” from “ignorance to knowledge”. In the broadest sense of the word anything and anyone which teaches .you something is your guru. Yogis say that everything that happens in your life happens for a reason, and that reason is to teach you the next thing you are capable of conceptualizing. Therefore, everything around is your Guru in disguise. The word is also used to describe those souls %vho have come to complete realization and thus are able .to teach others how to achieve the same. A person who wishes to become a master carpetiker finds one to tetich him and just so we need a Guru to help us in, our spiritual development. In *spiritual literature it is also said that at times the Divine C.onsciousness takes on human form in -order toe teach the great mass of humanity spiritual values or the dharma. Those incantations are known as sadgurus. In India Lord Siva, the giver of tantra, and Lord Krishna, the giver of yoga, .are considered to have been sadgurus. It may be clear to you now that spiritualism is a dynamb force for social /

Letters to feedback should be addressed, to Ed&r, - Chevron, . Campus Centre, Univer(sity of Waterloo, Ontario. Please type’on 32- or 64-character lines and doublespace. Untyped letters-cannot be guaranteed to run. Pseudonyms will be run if we are also provided with the real name of the writer.

change and individual regenerdtion. The sociail ,change aspect of spiritualism takes two forms. One is doing good deeds or social service. Spiritual aspirants should give to those more needy and worktowards alleviating human suffering. Swami Vivekananda, .a great modern saint of Iridia, said, “To a hungry man a piece of bread is God.” One form of yoga knopn as karma yoga deals with working selflessly for the bettermen& of mankind. The &eat yogi of the west Jesus Christ spent much of His time with the poqr and destitute. Other Christian saints such as *St. Francis also continued this tradition.

do not hesitate to get_ ifi tou_ch. j In closing I would like to m&ke everyone aware of the fact that there is a ‘great spirit&l revo!utiqn taking place on this planet. The growth of human conscidusness will have its effect on all aspects of our lives. The present cultural, social, and economic systems are being destroyed in order that a new pan human culture can-be established. There will be much war and revolution in order for this to happen. We should all be ready for this change whi‘ch has already begun. It is time to prepare to get our houses in order. Robert Lof

The second social’aspect of spiritualism is more dynamic. Spiritual movements are responsible for much progressive social change in man’s history. The prime example which comes to my mind ils Islam. Mohammed’s teaching’s brought the Arab people, out of the dark ages. Islam united all! Arabs and there resulted a tremendous cultural explosion. Ad-’ vances in science, music, the arts occured immediately after the establishment of Islam. I believe that it was just because of this tremendous affect of social advancement that Islam had that it is still such a powerful force in the Arab world. Another example is Lord Krishna; When Lord Krishna came on earth all of India was scattered and divided into many small states. When He died there was one united India. The story of this is the “Maha Bharata”, a’ tremendous epic which contains within it the Bhagavad Gita. In order to unify India there was a great amount of warfare and bloodshed. Lord Krishna was not only involved in this; He was the prime force behind it all. In .the Bhagavad Gita He makes it -clear that a true spiritual aspirant is physically active in society but uninvolved emotionally. Each person plays his or her role in life but one maintains calmness of mind throughout. Thei’efore, the yogi does not go into the mountains and meditate concerned with only his liberation; this is selfish, rather hs is in the mainstreani of society working for the liberation of all maekind. Also a yogi is feqrless. He is not afraid of anything not even warfare or violence. If it is , necessary he will do it with the same calmness that he maintains when he is. meditating. At this point I would also like to point out that the true Sadguru is one who is involved in cultural changes of great magnitude. Lord’ Krishna tias a kingm.of one of the states of His. time. Lord Siva was also the leading statesman of His era. A sadguru will stand up against all exploitation of human beings, against all injustice. Often then He will be persgcuted by repressive forces in the world. If a’ spiritual teacher refuses to talk about pocial issues or claims neutrality then He’ is not a Sadguru. It is important for everyone to discriminate carefully befor,e becoming .a discipline’ of anyone. In summary true spiritualism will have three factors. The first is that it will include kome form’of disciplined spiritual practice. Without discipline, spiritual progress is impi>ssible. Secondly it m_ust be based on the strong spiritual ideology that all creation is consciousness evolving ~ to the becoming aware of Itself. Therefore, there should be no I useless ‘rituals or idolatry; And thirdly it shou.ld be a definite force for social change. I am a member=of Am&da Marga because Ananda Marga has these three characteristics. I would like to point out at this time that every person is different - and not one thing suits everyone. Everyone should keep their minds open and sincerely search” for truth down whatever path that leads them. However if anyone if interested in what I have written and would like to discuss it further

Fond ’ thoughts of home l

Over the past 3 years or so I have tried to keep apace of the running debate over the Elora Gorge’s future. I welcome ’ hearing of the formation of Oikos in Waterloo and salute the efforts of Mr. Craig Campbell and Ms Margaret Moran, spokespersons for Oikbs. The Gorge, in my opinion, does “clearly belong to all of Canada” (Mr. Campbell’s words). some day when I return to Canada I hope to return there again for the pleas&e and privilege of viewing the Gorge. . , On another topic: I’m still chortling, having read about the “over-crotided” conditions perceived in the University’s Arts Library. So liberal (arts) -minded Miss Dana Porter ain’t going to sink into the bowels of the earth’ after all (See Uniloo Myths: A Brief History)!! No, not at all, she’ll b< bursting out at the seams in rio time flat. I can see it from here: Volumes upon volumes of books s,pilling out fiSom the confines of the tenth’ floor. See Tennyson’s Collected Poems come tumbling down like Humpty’s Dumpty on some poor Arts student running to miss the University Ave. bus (or #isn’t it the King St. bus now?) But enough dreariness, let’s look at the bright side now: Consider that the filing system involved in 20,000 texts (contents of floors 9 and 10) scattered 10 feet deep on the Arts Quadrangle might very well be an improvement over thp present new (,1973) system. If not, think of the groovy treasure hunt that ‘could be organized in the Quad the night before ’ our next Bio 102 two thousand page research paper is due. A new high, relatively speaking, irr- campus entertainment! A n&ice myself in Bibliotechnology ,I still feel as incompetent as/the next man to suggest solutions. From my point of view the Arts Library should be renamed the Arts Library %and Museum, Inc. Many, too many, texts f& various reasons are kept there but are of no use to the student. I have opened< many, many virgin texts in the libfary, all -of questionable use and some .of .them . dating back to 30 years or more. (My calculations based on 1” of dust equal to one annum). Admitted these texts do improve the acotistics in the library, and they are really quite decorative. Nevertheless, I debate their usefulness on the shelves. Well I really must go and finish my book The Feminist Invasions of the ‘ Men’s Sauna, U. of W., 1972/73:-An , Expose but in the \ meantime don’t forget to don your hard Wats when passing the library. James McDougald Alumnus

b ’

friday,

the chevron

march

1, 1974.

5 : 00 Sym bionese Liberation Army * 6:00 BBC World Reporti jl 6: 15 The Rest of the News, from Ithaca, New York 6:30 Ivan Zendel-rock . 9:30 Alive Variety-Mike Zimmerman with the guitar 1l:OO Baruch Zone-jazz l

*the Symbionese Liberation Army presents its ‘manifesto’, through producer David Assmann. * *the British ’ Broadcasting Corporation’s World Report is a concise presentation of topical international news as reported by BBC correspondents and guests.

W.at~rloo Friday March 1 1:30 Bruce Armstrong-music 4:30 Ford Hall Forum-Wake Up c America and Listen to Your I Kids-Die k Gregory 6:30 John Robertson-music ’ 8:00 Vanguard Forum-live from Waterloo’s Vanguard Bookstore* 9:30 Da Blues--Curtis Brown and Reg Harvey 1l:OO Ian Layfield-music --3 he Vanguard Forum this week is a ‘premiere’ on Radio Waterloo. With . publication of the book Gulag Archipelago, Solzhenitsyn has brought Soviet repression of dissidents into world view. His expulsion was set amidst a background of frame-uptrials and crackdowns for over a year. What is the Marxist view of the--Gulag Archipelago? What are the roots of the Kremlin campaign of dissidents? Is democracy compatible with socialism? Speaker-Laurel Fisher, co-ordinator of the Kitchener-Waterloo-Guelph \ League for Socialist Action. Saturday March 2 1: 30 Doug McCann-music * 4:30 The Festival of Religion, part III ; producer-Bill Culp-

5: 30-Boogie-John Hess 6:30 The Bod and the Bard 9 : 30 Big Band and Dixieland, with Steve Hammill 1l:OO The Mutant Hour, with Bill Wharrie

Wednesday March 6 _ 1: 30 Dean Purves-music 4:30 Soviet Press Review 4:45 Belgium Press Review 5:00 William Y. Smith: The Evolution. of Regional Development in the Atlantic ProvincesAn Appraisal. Environmental Studies Guest Lecture Series, produced by Bill Culp. 6: 30 Gerry Forwell-music .with album reviews 9:30 The Phantom Announcer 1l:OO Al Anderson-music

--._

*-I at 2:00, scheduled programming may be pre-empted for live hockey featuring the U of W Warriors.

Sunday March 3 10:00 The Portguese Music Show 12:00 Sillon Gardait-musique 1: 30 Jack Walton-jazz 4 :30 Soviet press Review, from Radio Moscow 4:45 Belgium Press Review, from Radio Belgium ti 5:00 Islam at the Crossroads 5: 30 Marlene Dixon: Marxist Views on the Feminist Movement-A History. Produced by Bill Culp. 6:30 Paul Demonek and Chris Lowe-music 930 Women and Birth Control * live from RW’s studios. 10: 15 People’s Music . 1l:OO Greg Bewsh-rock

* Dr.

Dan Andrews

of Health Services,

Thursday

and Jan Moore of the Downtown Health Clinic are the feature guests along with a re-united team of hosts who are Sue Johnson, Linda Lounsberry, and Flora Conroy. z

. _ ... . -. . 6:30 John Wrlliams-tunky soul 9:30 Sports Report-same as 1:OO’ IO:00 Leandre Bergeron-produced by David’ Assmann 11:OO John Dale-music

Monday March 4 1:OO Sports Report I:30 Brian Chadwick-music. 4:30 Ford Hall Forum-rerun of Friday’s program

Tuesday March 5 1: 30 Lorne Goldbum-music 4:30 Landscape and LifePart V; produced by David Assmann

6:‘00 6: 15 6: 30 9:30

1l:OO

7 .

It, featuring Boyce Richardson, an .Environmental Studies Guest Lecturer BBC World Report The Rest of the NewsTed Szepellewicz-music Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony, conducted by Robert Sharples with the London Philharmonic Brian O’Neil-music * _

% rian is our record librarian, new quality music.

March

7he

Vie7NAMt3SE

so expect

“‘\

friday,

march

1, 1974

the chevron

Letters to feedback should be addressed to Editor, Chevron, Campus Centre,‘Untverslty of Waterloo, Ontario. Please type on 32- or 64character lines and doublespace. Untyped letters cannot be guaranteed to run. Pseudonyms will be run 11 we ire a& provided wtth the real name of the writer. ,

Andy gives. no dimin .

In reference to the federation presidential elections. It seems pretty obvious to me that Andy Telegdi doesh’t give a damn about the federation, only about his own personal interests. I’m not going to discuss ’ the conduct ‘of the campaign, we know that election rules were broken by some or all of the candidates. What I want to discuss is the council’s decision. to recirid the motion to’ invalidate the electicjn. Somehow the notion that two wrongs make a right has infiltrated the minds of Telegdi and his council. The federiition has now lost,. any credibility. it ouce had, by-ndt policing itself. The point of the motion was one of ethics, not popularity. My respect for Telegdi and his lackeys is now nonexistent. I hope such a fiasco will not take place again in the future4 Greg Bewsh -.. Math

Nixon - guilty

Richard Nixon, President of the United States of America, is a criminal. He is guilty of subverting democrgtic processes, as established in the constitution signed by the government of a predecessor in his position, George Washington. He is obliged by law’- to abide by this constitution. For some considerable time his guilt, @ a series of serious crimes has been established beyond rational doubt, and by. now the possiblity of his absolute innocence, which he continues to claim, is mathematically infinitesimal. If a parallel is required to help conceptualize this rather unpalatable thought, the likelihood of Mr. Nixon’s innocence is about as great as the likelihood of the next American Senate being,composed entirely of women. Such a thing is possible, btit no one would deny that it would be crazily irrational and irresponsible for a political party to act, between now and the next election, on that assumption. No less rational and irresponsible, however, than continue to support, President, Nixon on the assumption that he may be entirely ipnocent of any criminal activities. Mr. Nixon has been President for over a year since the original discovery of the Watergate break-in which sparked off the mind-numbing series of scand’&ls iqvolving himself and virtually his whole entourage of crooks, who were in effect controlling the major policies of the country. For several months past there has been sufficient evidence against the President to warrant taking ,criminal proceedings against him, as an enemy of effective democracy. It must be a selfevident ‘contradiction to envisage e a meanihgful democracy ruled over by a group of men, most of them elected by no one but the President himself,-who flaunts democratic methods whenever they feel it to be in their interests to do so. When you have a nation govetied by men who equate the interests of the State with their own personal interests, you’ve set fiir for tyranny. People in America ,are beginning nowi td say: “All politicians are crooked. Nixon’s

no worse than the rest, and he’s a better President than any other contender.” Such an attitude implicitly denies any faith in democracy; such people would accept dictatorship, which, is all they deserve. Others blindly, pathetically go on blle ‘eving that somehow Mr. Nixon is entirely innocent of any corruption, They simply because he’s, President. continue to reject all evidezice, as a fundamentalist rejects -bll evidence of evolution, or an old-style Communist refuses to accept any evidence that Russia isn’t the Workers’ Paradise. Such failure to face facts when they stare you in the face is in some ways even mire terrifying than the cynicism’ which adtiits and accepts Mr., Nixdn tampering with the‘ fundamental processes of democracy. 1 How is it that wheg Nixon is stripped naked before them on their television screens, these millions of passive peofile can continue to #admire his respectable appearance? Perhaps the box is part, of the answer. Perhaps television has turned everything into one long Western, with the sheriff eternally incorruptible, and the , good guys and the bad guy-s fixed and‘ tinchanging. Perhaps millions of people have gradually lo& the ability to’ distinguish between Vietnam, Watergate, ‘Ironside’, ‘The Virginian’ ., . . words and pictures flickerink by on the screen, interspersed with more or less dishonest commercials, till the less inentally alert lose the will to cling onto what’s real and reject what is not. No issue in recent years has been more clear cut, black and white‘ There can no longer be any doubt that it is in the interests of democracy and even national prestige in America that President Nixon is prised from the mighty position of power that he has plainly abused. Yet people continue to watch the whole grim story unfold before them, and somehow or other they manage to blur the issues and ignore the facts. Would the American people, 25 years ago, before the television age, have sat back and watched even a few of the scandals which have exploded weekly round*Nixon’s head for the past several months, without even being provoked to derinand his resignation or impeachment? The nation is almost continucjusly bombarded with information about- the systematic and bare-faced corruption of the principles on which it has existed, for 200 years, and it, responds. . . with monstruous apathy. Nothing is quite real any more. It’s all only a story. When the majority‘of a nation lacks the courage or the will to face the stark truth, something very dangerous has happened. It would obviously be absurd t-o suggest television as a simple scapegoat. The seeds of alienation must have been sown long ago, and have been nurtured by all manner of hypocrisy and greedy exploitation. Yet it almost seems now that the more the American people knows, the more it buries its head in the sand to bavoid the implications of its knowledge. Mr. Nixon remains adamant that he is going to stay in charge of America for three more years. To misquote his own 3mmortal words, “God Save America!” * What of, Nixon? He -knows he’s a criminal. He can’t even hide1 behiid the five hundred thousand million-to-oneagainst chance that the 18-minute tape which was tampered with didn’t implicate him in the Watergate break-in etc. etc., etc., etc. He is aware, more fully than anyone else, that he has cons’ciously set himself above the democratic process. If .he doesn’t realize that there’s something seriously wrong in that, then he must be certify ably. insane -for, possessed of what he knows, even a simpleton could draw the obvious conclusions. Assuming he’s not

mad; what then? If he. intentionally twisted democratic processes to maintain his own power -democracy is perhaps a trifle shaky in his hands. If he -did this, and continues still to lie and manoeuvreand ,manipulate his position to coirer up the grotesquely obvious facts, when the whole world can see the monkey tricks he’s been up to, and as he clings to his Presidential cage, making American democracy look weekly more laugha& and sham in the eyes of the world, then he is guilty of egocentricity and self-delusion on a &ale almost never previously matched. He is saying, in effect, not only “I am more important to the world than the ‘mere processes of democracy in America”, but “I am more important to the tiorld than the prestige and selfconfidence of America and its people.” He is probably the only person who believes that. These are the implications of ‘Nixon’s Last Stand’. And most people don’t mind. The other possibility is that someone else is controlling Nixon in their interests. None of these implications spell anything else thtin terrible danger. ,When the next economic crash comes, or when the energy crisis becomes a really serious crisis, or when too many people in the Fr&e World are’ starving tp death to accept the benefits of their freedom any longer, and rise up, who can now feel confident that the American people will reject a die! tatorship in their land? And &hat if the dictator happened to be, blindly egocentric. . . another Richard Nixon! *, -The American people have gone soft, in the middle, and they weren’t. always. ‘what is the good .of addiessidg more words to a people so blind? Words! Words! Weary old words! God preserve us all from tyranny. No one else seems likely to. . I . Pete Turner English 0

Is there, . we query An Open Letter’To The President Of The Federation Of Students: , In the light of the recent Federation presidential election and the opinions voiced by certain candidaies regarding the status of the student newspaper, the Chevron, the Arts Society Council feels it necessary to clarify and beg clarification of certain. points regarding this issue. On February 12 of this year there. appeared a special ’ publication of the former Univ&sity of Waterloo student newspaper (pre-1966)-the CORYPHAEUS. This publication purported to be produced by a group of, private individuals who had nothing to do whatsoever with the current campaigns of presidential candidates. _ Unfor’tunately , the appearance of the Coryphaeus on the day immediately preceding the opening of voting procedures cast doubts as to the veracity of statbments contained within the newspaper regarding the “rightis” of the Chevron’ to print material that, we must -admit, showed a modicum of political bias in favour ,of certain candidates over -others. We do not wish to indulgein petty argument over this question in itself, but will settle for merely asking for clarification. Is there, we query, actually ,a body of students concerned , enough with the nature of a student publication on this campus to set up a’ potential rival paper to the’ Chevron? If such is the case and these persons cannot possibly consider working within the duly constituted framework of the Chevron, we believe it is up to the Federation to

consider f&her questions. Are the editors of the CORYPHAEUS proposing themselves as alternate publishers of a student newspaper? Have they in the pa& or at present spoken with the editor and staff of ‘the Chevron ‘regarding such a pyopdsit~on ? Are the students ‘on this campus willing to see an alternative to the Chevron produced? ’ Next we should like to point out,, , possibly unnecessarily, that the Chevron, regardless of adverse criticism or poor reception on the part of individuals, is ,the only legal. student newspaper on *ihis -campus (to date) ‘whose being now conforms with various Federation and, indirectly, Senate bylaws. That the setup or editorial opinions of the Chevron remain inviolate in the interests of true freedom of the press we hereby maintain vigordusly . Nevertheless -we would also suggest that, since it has a monopoly as such on the printing and dissemination of student .opinions on this campus, the Chevron in its privileged position consider making serious re-evaluation of its present policies, especially those that espouse a linkage between political sentiments and public reporting. In this we feel it not too much to ask that good sense dictate good taste in ‘the publishing of a paper of, by and for a discerning reading public, that of the students of a modern university. Again, in the interests of freedom of the press, the Arts Society Council regards as imperative the right of the Chevron to remain above and beyond the political influence and personal interests of various campus associations, societies and+ political bodies. In the interests of cooperation and improved student cornmunications, however, we advocate the organization of a special f‘workshop” or discussion period wherein representatives of various student bodies can express their respective opinions’on this issue. In congratulating Andrew ‘Telegdi for his recent election victory, we suggest that he and the Chevron staff concur on a date in the near l future suitable fof the maintenance of such a project. Thank you. Yours sincerely The A@s Society Council :

CLM slabned In the last issu@ of the paper the C.L.M. article mentioned my name indirectly as co-author of the CANADA NOT A COLONY article; I am-not a co-author of that article. Rather the other person wrote the article and his views are his own. In response to the letter which ‘appeared in the last issue of the paper, I as well disagree with your views. To me _my biggest beef is the nationalist crap that you folks push.& a brief statement of my views on your organization (since you stated you didn’t know them) I could begin with the idea of your Independ+ Canada. Independance is ok to me if you have the guts to admit that independence of the’ wage earners of the world could ‘stand independence from the bosses. If you people can .rationalize the alliance with the bosses to form a common [rorxt against, the AMERICANS you must also realize the separation of interests betiveen the bosses and the working people; obviously you don’t. In that you don’t realize the contradiction of the reality of class warfare world wide, I have little hope! I for the success of your attempts to unite the Volkswagens and rolls royces of Canada so they can share the wealth after the CANADIAN revolution. P.S. where do -you expect to g& your rubber from? Joe Sheridan

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friday,

the chevron

march

1, 7974

This is the second and last part ‘of an ‘article translated from Bullitin Populaire, and reprinted fromthe Varsity-the student newspaper of the . Altough this University of Toront article talks of a pro 1 lem in another countrynot even in North Americaand of one country being exploited by another, the situation is well compared to that of the natives of Canada and the James Bay project of the Canadian governments. , _ ~

-. IndusEriaI

rehf,

power to the ;poopers.

I-

The increasing Brazilian economic offensive in’paraguay began eight years ago at the same time as studies were being undertaken to develop the waters of the Parana River. The herding ranches , sugar refineries (including one producing 300,000 tons per year, enough to sweeten the mouths of six million people for a year), banks, insurancelumber companies, I and ultra-modern mills were installed at breath-taking speed. As for the Treaty of Itaipu, according to the terms of agreement, Brazil and Paraguay are, contractually at least, equal partners. The Brazilian regime has promised to guaranpe the-financing of the work (estimated at more than two billion dollars) on the condition that Paraguay repays the loan in the form of electricity. The output power of the cent_ral dam will reach 11 million killowatts and will begin around 1982. The financial capital for the project, although it originates in Brazil, will be, to a very large, extent, under the control of Ameriean firms. To , reimburse the Brazilian financjers, Paraguay has to expect that all the energy being produced ,at Itaipu up to the year 2040 that would normally go to it will instead be directed toward Brazil. In effect, it’s predicted that Paraguay will only receive $36 million each year for the sale of this energy, while the Brazilians, for their part, will realize profits approximating $85 million with this same energy once it is brought into Brazilian territory. So in going to Brazil the energy in effect becomes worth more. While their investments are peacefully returned, the exploiters of the people of Rio and Brasilia will put $85 million worth of, profits into their pockets each year. President Stroessner, the founder of the “peaceful Paraguyan revolution” (so -it’s told) believes, in spite-of everything, that “the signing of the Treaty of Itaipu historical .event in is the . greatest Paraguay since national-independence? ,But Itaipu is not a sign of any peaceful revolution, but more a regional econcomic arrangement devised by .the key-_ figures in the great ‘“reactionary Latin <American” family. ’ It’s known ‘ as a “great family” because almost two-thirds of the Latin American peoples live under the heel of openly fascist military regimes. - Counting Garastazu in Brazil, Stoessner in Paraguay, Banzer in Bolivia, Osario in Guatemala, Hernandez in Salvador, Cuvalier in Haiti, Balaguer in the Dominican Republic, and without forgetting Pinochet in Chile, there are already 120 million Latin Americans living under dictatorial regimes a The Parana River arrangement, this “great historical undertaking” or the “project of the century” as Bourassa said about James Bay, 5,000 miles to the

National Liberation comprised of all the patriot forces which haven’t compromised with the regime. It feels that the struggle for the liberation of political prisoners is one of the most important ‘aspects of the struggle and that it’s the 4 popular struggles directed towards the overthrow of the regime itself that will free the prisoners from their cells. During the past few years, the Paraguayan people have exposed the Stroessner regime many times. In 1969 the hard struggles of students against academic and political repression as well the demonstrations against t3s Rockefeller’s visit shook the country for several months.

-a.

\ Resistance 1 _fails- to stops ITAp)U-., . .

north-brought on the unanimous rejection-and anger from Paraguayans. Even the liberal or reformist opposition parties - the Radical Liberal the Febrerist Revolutionary P&Y, Party, and the Christian Democratic Party-which traditionally ‘serve to support and screen ’ democracy in the Stroessner regime, raised their voices. and organized demonstrations to reject this agreement that they called a “vulgar alms” and a “crumb of bread.” This part of the bourgeoisie decided to take a seemingly ‘progressive’ ,position ‘because,like the proletariat in them country, but for opposite reasons, it had a vested interest and didn’t want to lose control of the :aatural resources of the country. On these grounds, the “official” opposition rallied against the dominant tendency of the bourgeoisie in power which would have allowed the ’ Americans to penetrate the country

economically very often

as much as they under a Brazilian

wanted guise.

to,

As for the workers, the Paraguayan Trades Confederation (CPT) doesnlt serve as an oppositon force, but rather as a prop to the present government. The CPT hasn’t taken part in a strike for l$ years. It is strongly influenced by the American Institute for the Development of Free Syndicalism, which opened a subsidiary branch ’ in Paraguay in November, 1971. This union agency was identified by the New York Times as one of the American agencies financed by the CIA. In spite of the relative lack of information from Paraguay, and despite the repression of the regime, strong popular struggles are being waged. The Communist Party, having a revolutionary orientation,works clandestinely and is proposing the formatioh of a Democratic Front of

Numerous strikes took place to protest the many job lay-offs. .And in August, 1970, 200 workers families of Puerto Casado occupied the railway station ‘and seized several wagons to protest against the large-scale dismissal and evictions from dwelling places. The struggle made such an impact that the regime felt obliged to recognize the organization . of popular solidarity towards these families. More recently, it was the popular struggles and the pressure of different political groups. that caused the ’ government to modify one of the clauses of the Treaty of Itaipu. In effect, Article 18 makes reference to “unilateral acts”, and gives total discretion to Brazil to intervene onto Paraguayan territory and to use “political and security measures” if necessary. Through the whole country protest demonstrations against this clause took place and now it’s agreed that each country can only intervene on its own respective territory. In spite of these small popular victories which reiterated, on paper -at least, I a small barrier to the Brazilian expansionist tendencies and despite an opposition which has become more and more widespread 9 the Stroessner regime seems more ready than ever to lay the groundwork for the plans for the economic and political integration of . Paraguay into ~Brazil with, of course, mBrazi19s wholehearted backing. ’ And many more projects than just the Itaipu dam are in store in the intentions of the government in Asuncion: the TransChaco highway which will link Paraguay with Bolivia, the BoliviaParaguay-Brazil multinational steelworks plant, the dredging of the 1 Paraguay River to facilitate’ commerce between Bolivia, Paraguay, andUruguay and to offer, at last to Bolivia, a way out to the sea other than through the ports in the north of Chile. By and large, the Parana . River arrangement constitutes the most important economic project in the entire history of South America:. But it’s important to note that the Itaipu agreements, far from representing a step ahead in the development of the region, in fact signals a further step to putting in place the structures of underdevelopment . It increases the impoverishment and dependence of Paraguay in the-face of Brazilian power, reinforces the economic and political positions of Brazilian expansionism in the region 9 and contributes greatly toward stifling the Argentinian economy which is already, in a crisis stage. This Brazilian offensive is, moreover, even more ambitious, since Brazil can count on cheaper hydro-electric reserves 9 power that’s also more accessible and

. friday,

march

1, 1974

the chevron

When the Itaipu electrical plant is in operation Brazil will almost double its capacity for electrical energy production. The Parana River plays a very important role in the energetic Brazilian program. At least two power plants are already in place on that part of the river which lies within Brazilian territory and’ lower down, along the Paraguay River, the Acarai powerhouse has (begun to produce electricity designed almost exclusively for export. That project cost $60 million and was partially financed by the International Development Bank. At - the begirming of December, Argentina and Paraguay signed an agreement for the construction of the Yacireta-Apipa dam. The work will begin in 1976 and is estimated to cost Argentina $1 million; the 10 turbines are expected to be in service in * 1981, producing 313 million kilowatts of power. also, above all, closer to the industrial heart of the country than anything that Brazil now has. Argentina is another very important neighbouring country; through her geographical location, she gains ’ very little and will lose much if the exploitation of the waters doesn’t take ‘mto account her needs. Unlike Brazil, Argentina’s industrial future depends fundamentally on such economic exploits as the energy produced by the Paran River on the one hand and the iron mines of Mutun on the other. But this ore can only be removed from the ground in a case where ships can get at it and dig it up from the rivers of the basin. Argentina, like Uruguay, is also the country which runs the maximum risks with the development of power projects from the waters in this region. The possible rupture of one of the dams holding back the water could have tragic consequences for this country, whose - northern part is located at the mouth of the Rio de la Plata. All the more, Argentina and Paraguay would be the two biggest losers if the waters from the rivers were contaminated by polluting industries which had plants installed without controls on the Brazilian side of the border. And taking into account the current - ‘philosophy’ of the Brazilian government with respect to pollution, the likely decision is to be development no matter what the price, without consideration for national character, be it social, human, or health goals. One cannot expect Brazil to be in any position of strength to impose very high standards on the

According to -Paraguayan exiles in Argentina, there are more than 300 political prisoners in the prisons of Stroessner’s regime. In an interview granted to Prensa Latina, some members of the “Front for the home country” organization indicated that ;eF-Tor continuously reigned against tbo’-se who opposed the regime in their cou%ry and, moreover, peasants are massacred and Indians exterminated. Paraguay’ has also imprisoned the three oldest political prisoners on the continent : Antonio Maidana, Julio Rojas and Alfred0 Lacoste, thrown in jail 15 years ago and still awaiting trial. American

operations

and institutions

’27

‘And if Argentina’s other plans are realizedif Paraguay gives its consent-another imposing construction project would take -place a little to the 1 south. This is the Corpus project which is planned for 1987,, and negotiations have already begun about this new power development. Linkage and co-ordination is necessary for these different projects to be completed. For example, the extent and breadth of one dam can drown-or dry up-another affected project. Argentina has already felt some of. the difficulties and dangers of these projects, since the Itaipu dam project now appears to be an obstacle to the realization of the Yacireta and Corpus projects. The conclusions of the political and .technical disagreements provoked by this situation would satisfy both ‘Brazil and Argentina at the same time.

foreign enterprises located on its ,,r . territory. Finally, another danger results from the spreading of “schistosoma”, a disease which removes from its vic’tims practically all ability to work. The “molluscs” which transmit the disease proliferate in stagnant deposits of water such as those created by the dams. More an”d more people are being affected by the disease in Brazil; in reality there are 12 million people who are presently ill, and the health- department statistics predict that approximately 20 million peole will -be stricken by the disease by P1980. . The new construction would also signal the reduction of river commerce of such towns as Rosario, Sante Fe, and Resistencia in Argentina, according to the variations on the level of the water affected by the dams. And as if by chance, it was recently proposed that the water system and the river harbours of the riverain counties of the La Plata River system be readjusted and the docking activities be centralized at Montevideo,. the capital of Uruguay, another Brazilian “colony”. As can easily be seen, everything is clearly and logically planned for the future, and everything centres around Brazil when it comes to the question of Latin American hegemony and power. It’s without doubt an “economic plan of a capitalist system!“. Itaipu, like Cabora Bassa, and like James Bay will help the factories of the most rapacious capitalists. Itaipu is yet another reason for the Paraguayan people to lead a fierce fight against one of the shadiest regimes in modem history. cl c are teaching the Paraguayan officers stationed in the Chaco region torture methods which have&heady been introduced into other Latin American countries. In the Chaco area the regime has concealed many concentration camps where opponents of the regime 0 are kept. Since the last election the “silent” and subtle fascism of’ Stroessner . has imprisoned approximately 500 citizens, for the most part peasants,’ but also workers, students, and political leaders. For 20 years now a large number of -political militants have been assassinated and it’s not rare to see the mutilated bodies of the opponents of the regime floating down the Parana River.

member: . association published Content is Offices are university

Canadian university press (CUP) and Ontario weekly newsGaper (OWNA). The chevron is typeset by--dumont press graphix ‘and by- the federation of students, incorporated, university of Waterloo. the responsibility of the chevron staff, independent of the federation. located inthe campus centre; phone (519) 885-1660,885~1661 or local 2331. i

‘and so the council is all but sworn in for the next fun-filled year and counting up the wishees and the washees we find the opposing sides pretty even. and governments in other lands are also going through their-own peculiar “democratic” ceremonies in the hopes of finding new life for modern human beings. and did you know that ivory soap floats and then melts away? this week making such profound discoveries w-ere linda lounsberry thinking that february is over, les, rod yah, paul sharpe after an exciting evening of good food and good wine, ken brown, bob sisler, handy rannigan, mark nusca, eric robinson, kwas and fuzz, liskris, grahame aitken, paul mamelka, Preston gurd, tony jenkins, dri, Chris bechtal, Susan Scott, jane harding, nancy greaves, john buckburrough, dudley Paul, doris wilson, mel ratham, don ballanger welcomed warmly back to the fold with hugs and kisses, reid glenn, bill culp, david college, david assmann, michael gordon, pete turner, ot Williams, john broeze, Charlotte buchan, Susan johnson and -all the ducks at the retirement farm for old chevron horses. until we meet again. sj -

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