Agniesebuurt, Rotterdam by Wouter van Faassen

Portfolio R&D project Economic and Spatial improvements IN AGNIESEBUURT, ROTTERDAM

hofbogen

banierstraat

Schout Heijnricstraa

“A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public space for the next 20 years”

D Studio - Socio-Spatial Processes in the City

MSc1 Q2 Urbanism, Faculty of Architecture TU Delft

Wouter van Faassen, studentnumber 1352482, januari 201

AGNIESEBUURT

DIAGNOSIS 1. Site

The Agniesebuurt is relatively poor (53% low ncomes in 2008) and the population is also eally young. Unemployment is omnipresent nd 15% receive welfare benefits. A large percentage is foreign - 56% non western - so the population is in fact really divers. The contrast between the affluent residents at the Noordsingel and the people that live in the Banierstraat on a minimum income is striking.

Historically, before the 1980's when housing ooperation like Havensteder bought most of he houses for their city renewal program and emoved all the dwellings to standard 50m2 partments, the Agniesebuurt had a very lively nd diverse economy inside the neighborhood. One could find a shop, workshop or office on very corner of the street, under every arch of he viaduct of the Hofplein Line and often even nder the parterre of the apartments. Even the ast remaining tiny space was in use; Agniesebuurt had it's own local employment!

Nowadays only a small portion of this once lively economy remains. Most businesses are concentrated on the edges of the neighborhood; the units under the viaduct are mostly in use as storage. In general the involvement of the residents with the neighborhood is low. The outreach work, under the guidance of a private cooking school, is the start for a little more involvement.

Ag Agnie Ag Agniesebuurt gniesebuurt gnie esebuurt esebuurt

Rotterdam Rotte otterd tterdam rdam mC CS

It's silent in the neighborhood... without the schools almost deserted. The last major investments in the area date back to the 1980's. The image that lingers is that of messy streets full of cars and almost no greenery. Endless cheap plastic window frames with green, red and blue standard housing cooperation doors. Both technically and aesthetically the quality of many of the buildings is no longer acceptable. Many newcomers have no other choice. Train and metro's do not use the Hofplein viaduct anymore; on top of it, nature is slowly taking the space in control again. There are plans to put a park on top of it, but the money needed to finance is not at hand at the owners: Havensteder and Vestia. The municipality has other priorities. Meanwhile the Agniesebuurt is still quiet. Near the center, close to the station; it is just a 6 minute walk. There could surely be more potential for more business, families and a middle class in this area. But where do we urbanists, need to start? How can we make the Agniesebuurt a great place to live and work again? How can we make the inhabitants proud of their neighborhood again?

Cityy Cente Ce C te e er

19th century r ing

This project will elaborate on the Agniesebuurt n Rotterdam. A city expansion started at the hird quarter of the 19th century. It is part of the 9th century ring that is surrounding the center of the city.In many - also Dutch - cities these areas are the place where gentrification started. But in Rotterdam there is hardly any gentrification to be found; at best, in some case, may be the first phases of this process. The conomic position of the inhabitants and average the level of education are related to his.

Rotterdam, The Netherlands, erlands, the he circles he circle circ show a 1000 00 meter radius.

Neig

local shopping center

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Agniesebuurt North

ro ut eh igh wa yA 15 -C en ter Genrified area

iver

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parking garage + new square

w ne

1 km

t en nv co

at squ are

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n bussiness incubator

Education complex N

Agniesebuurt embedded in a dense city structure

A mix of appartment buildings from different era

“A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public space”

2. Spatial and morphological structure t re ail

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North-South routes are legible and clear. Main routes like the Schiekade border the Agniesebuurt. Banierstraat and Agniesestraat are internal routes.

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/w or ks ho p

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d ue tin n o isc te? t d rou u lb n na sria tio ede p O P

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The east west routes often have difficult and multiple crossings and are not so numerous. Routes are discontinuous or difficult to understand for people that do not know the neighborhood by heart.

Amenities in the Agniesebuurt are concentrated on the edges. Historically there used to be a lot of activity in the center area, but that disappeared after the city renewal of the 1980’s. The Hofbogen have some offices, but are in general empty or storage space.

Agniesebuurt is actually part of a larger urban block, surrounded by buzzy edges (Bergweg, Schiekade, Zwart janstraat). The core area is generraly quiet and residential. The Singel and the Teilingerstraat are the only larger scale public places with some greenery.

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back yards

Strong grid

art he ted en gm Fra

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Unregular, cul de sac on

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lin

aw Str

Brand grens (WWII fi

Within the Agniesebuurt the urban structure shows a deficient connection between the east and the west part, caused by the Hofbogen. There is only one street and one cycle path that connects the two parts. The closest alternatives are the Teilingerstraat and the Bergweg.

North-South routes are legible and clear. Main routes border the Agniesebuurt. The east west routes often have difficult and multiple crossings and are not so numerous. Routes are discontinuous or difficult to understand for people that do not know the neighborhood by heart.

Two different internal street structures: The street pattern shows a contrast between a strong regular grid in the east and an unclear more naturally grown street pattern of the Banierstraat in the west with multiple discontinuous streets and cul de sacs as side streets.

The housing cooperation Havensteder is the dominant landlord in the Agniesebuurt. In total they own 80% of the housing stock. Their tenants have in general a low income.

AGNIESEBUURT

DIAGNOSIS 3. Spatial analysis

The west part of the Agniesebuurt has an nclear structure of streets and urban blocks hat cause an isolated position in the structure of the city. The Banierstraat has an ambiguous treet profile; in many places it is interrupted. The space that it leaves behind is ‘floating’ into he cul de sacs. The small square in the middle of he Agniesebuurt has no name nor a strong dentity. Because of all the openings it is not ven clear where the square actually starts. A trong east west disconnection is caused by the iscontinuous structures and the separation by he Hofbogen.

The Vrouw-Jannestraat/banierstraat is not clearly one street. The crossing with the Meester Marrestraat causes an unclear boundary of the square.

Sin

ne igh bo rh oo d

l as

The Meester Marrestraat and the Schoutheij ric straat are not public space to stay as a pedestiran; they are only used as a parking.

ark

to s

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Pa rk

ing

lot

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rou str te, ee bu tt tn ha op ta Th llre lac is et ad pa os y rt im tay ha pr ov sa es sto ign ng ific id an en tly tit (fa ST ya ca R sa de ON ga str G rd DI ee en a place S t CO s) it can’t be y ame! So N s t i e has no n N e t ac sp is d is EC n Th TIO de ce ck k i la Ba Su N! ea s a p b ur W a bi a? ?

Poor definition of the borders of the space

d on gr re ay ua l P sq

str ee

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to give the park arches at st side e a e th e n e th p O ance from tr n e r a e a cl

ers

ink

rd ya

orn se c

all

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Clear square with an own identity P

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3.2 Desired future situation

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3.1 Current situation

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et nc

For the future it would be great if the Agnieseplein had a clear identity as the center of the Agniesebuurt. The banierstraat will get a clear profile as the main street of the neighborhood. The secondary structure of hofjes and small scale streets - the converted cul de sacs connects to this main structure with corner buildings that emphasize the transition. The singel could function as a park; a green route brings the inhabitants to the park. By opening up some of the arches at the Agnieseplein the east west relationship could improve. The Agnieseplein needs to be a place to stay!

N 50 m

100 m

â&#x20AC;&#x153;A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public spaceâ&#x20AC;?

CONCEPT Current situation Amenities concept

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t re

sc at er ed ce /w o s sc tar rks at te ho er rs p ed

offi

d ixe

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res ide nti al

/w or ks ho p

ixe

sto ra ge

ica

ail

t re

In the future, the core area will have a stronger functional mix. The business incubator is the start of many new small businesses in the Neighborhood to improve the local economy and labour market.

mi xe do ffic e/

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Attract new people to the Agniesebuurt; more affluent, better educated, yuppies and in the end more families. New types of dwellings are necessary!

ail

t re

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People

Provide jobs and better chances for inhabitants to climb on the social ladder. Entrepreneurs can also start new social networks and are during daytime the ones that care for the public realm. They are the eyes and ears of the neighborhood!

ail

t re

Economy

Most of the amenities are concentrated along the edges of the Agniesebuurt. Most of the Hofbogen are used as storage; few companies remain.

Desired future situation

1. Multi-layerd concept

c re

Parking concept

Location

Public space

The Agniesebuurt is close to the city center and the train station (within 1000 m); there is money to be made, because of this great location! A more functional mix would be suitable to this area.

Provide better chances for more streetlife and serendipity; the first step towards more social safety in the Agniesebuurt. Parks also solve part of the water storage problem

Most streets are filled with parking lots along the street. Very few space remains for pedestrians, gardens and a personal touch of the residents in the street. In the future, a large - 240 places parking garage will accommodate the cars that will not be allowed anymore on the street. This gives possibilities for better public space. In most streets close to the garage parking is only allowed on one side of the street and only for limited time.

P 20

et er

parallel parking perpendicular parking

Park concept

Parking

Buildings

When we make an alternative for parking in the streets, a lot new developments in public space might happen. The possibility of a large neighborhood parking garage needs to be explored.

After the 1880, 1960 and the 1980 layer a new layer to the history of occupancy could be added to accommodate the new needs of this time. New and absent typologies offer new possibilities.

Greenery is scarce in the Agniesebuurt! Only the the Noordsingel (and to a lesser extend, the Teilingerstraat) function as green open spaces. In the future, the Hofbogen park, the Noordsingel park and the Agnieseplein will be proper parks to stay in. They are connected by a green belt that connects these spaces for pedestrians. For the parks to operate properly it is necessary to provide routes to them!

Noordsingel as a water structure and a scenic traffic route

How to make the Noordsingel No oords oor rds ngel into a re real park?

AGNIESEBUURT CONCEPT

CONCEPT MAP 1:5000

2. Main Agenda

mprove local economy

conomic heart: a business incubator to mprove the local economy and labour market.

Recognizable centers

Neighborhood center: a center for meeting, ocieties, activities and all kind of interesting ourses. The Agniese square is the informal enter of the neighborhood. Kids center: a school/day care for the younger ids. They use and are responsible for the choutheijnric square.

mprove permeability

sh he

op in g

ar t

ermeability of the Agniesebuurt from outside: by opening up the Paap DIrckstraat to the chiekade both street will improve. The long wall of the schiekade is split up in two, and the aap Dirckstraat becomes much better accessible.

Dense functional mix

cattered businesses: in the future the Agniesebuurt will have a better functional mix of housng and small workshops, offices and small ervice sector companies. Better for social safety nd more interesting and liveable for the esidents.

art

r e co

kids cente

mprove identity

Renovation, klushuizen and facade improvement: Agniesebuurt has an identity problem ue to the aesthetically poor renovations of the 980â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. It is extremely important to improve the ppearance of buildings and streets to make people proud of their neighborhood!

ic he

New usergroups

New housing in the range of 180.000 to 300.000 uro. Important to attract a middle class group. Nowadays the building stock consists of expenive housing at the Noordsingel and cheap ocial housing (rent).

Sacs! No cul de blocks n a rb u w Ne ility permeab for better

ood cente

neihgborh

“A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public space”

The sidestreets of the Baniertraat will have clearly differnt image. Either a small local treet with a green middle trip, or a enclosed hofje, but he cul de sacs will disappear.

Noordsingel park will be a part of the singel without car raffic. It will be the place where the people of the Agniesebuurt will stay for a onger time just to chill out.

Vij ve rh ofs tra at 14

Ba nie rst ra at

No ord sin gel low hig es hes tf ut t po ur te e v nt alu ial e ( aes en te er tic gy va effi lu cie e nc y)

in ple ic r n eij tH ou ch

Mosque

Business incubator Community center historic convent

t aa str rck i D ap Pa

Agnieseplein

eld

de ka hie Sc

Agnieseplein and Schoutheinricstraat are well defined quares. Agnieseplein is the enter of the Neighborhood with local amenities, and a ntrance to the Hofbogen park. Schoutheijnricstraat is he children's playground.

collective garden

f ho re ar M r te es Me

collective garden

Te ilin ge rst ra at

Banierstraat is a quiet esidential street. People are itting in front of their houses n the stoepjes or small ardens; ideal circumstances or serendipity. The street has image of lush gardens with middle class people. The top partments have their ntrance on top of the hofboen.

Eu do kia ple in

Vijverhofstraat is the center of mall business. The hofbogen means a street full of creative ompanies, workshops, and mall offices.

Renewed streets Renewed sidewalks High quality square Sandy surface ‘Schiekade wall’ Business incubator New housing Adjusted construction

PLAN MAP 1:3000

Be rg we g

3. Morphological concept

AGNIESEBUURT

PROGRAM PROJECTS FOR AGNIESESBUURT

15% new park

1. Paap Dircstraat will become a small street with a pedestrian path in the middle. Trees cover the street to improve the microclimate in summer time. 2. A wider sidewalk along the hofbogen makes an interesting walking route with all the shop windows that you pass by.

3. Shared flexible space in use by the incubator, businesses mosque and community.

25% Public space

4. Pedestrian passage. Closed at night but always accessible to the entrepreneurs 5. Schoutheijnric plein: the kids square with a soccerfield, and other construction to play on. 6. Slow traffic streets that complete the green corridor in the Agniesebuurt. No stone pavement to improve water storage capacity.

25% Entrepreneurship

7. Relocate slow traffic bridge to make a logical route from Schiekade to Zwart Janstraat. 8. Noordsingel park: all car traffic is taken out to make a park that is a place to stay.

9. Meester Marrehof collective garden. Closed after sunset

20% new user groups

10. Parking garage underneath a park (at the same time water storage for heavy rainfall) 11. New housing (180.000 - 300.000 euro) to form a new facade of the Agnieseplein

12. A pond to improve the microclimate in the Agniesebuurt.

10%

13. Cyclepath moved to the southside of the square to create a more logical route.

14. Banierstraat; a residential street with stoepjes and gardens.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public spaceâ&#x20AC;?

PLAN MAP 1:1000 e stetic valu tential ae highest po ncy) maisonet lue (energy efficie 2nd floor va re tu lowest fu

/w law n

-terras

Ca fe h

Co m ce mu nt ni er ty

el ho der m ly es co l ga lect rd ive en

a -0 ters .7 to m rag

B in usin cu e ba ss to r

3 .5m

-1

am sha en red iti es

sstraat Vijverhofdwar

s architect

-1

.5m

aat Vijverhofstr

gen park at the hofbo ve entrance isonettes ha 2nd floor ma

Agnieseplein

Pl ay gr ou nd

Banierstraat

co l ga lect rd ive en

Schout Heijnricstraat

New constructions Neighborhood amenities/business center (renovation) Adjusted existing constructions

Kluswoningen (Gentrification DIY housing)

pr oj ec t

ol d

w ar eh ou se ha ll

Legend

Paap Dirckstraat

Collective garden

Meester Marrehof

Parking entrance

Sandy surface (70 euro/m2) Square (150 euro/m2) Privat gardens existing

Bicycle path Street parking Street, gebakken straatsteen + beton rand

Cornerbuildings that need a functional and aestetic upgra

AGNIESEBUURT

V DESIGN I. BUSSINESS INCUBATOR

So the general strategy is: - renovation of existing buildings - a mix of functions in the block - place for meeting, business & community

Vijverhofstraat

Scale 1:1000 m

storage units

Vijverhofdwarsstraat

To enforce the local economy a business incubator can help to (young) nhabitants to start a new company. Not high tech like YesDelft!, but more mall service sector, office work, zzp, and small production companies in ts and crafst. In this way inhabitants can grow in social status within the Neighborhood. The central hall contains collective amenities. The hofboen are extended on the backside by 3 meters to get a well usable unit ize of 85m2. The community center and the mosque might also benefit of this space for special occasions or festivities.

architects

ive ct lle ce? Co spa

re itu r y rn ste fu hol p u ive ct lle ce? Co spa

e us ry ity ra un po mm m Te y co b os

3 stacked appartments with a cellar under the

d ne de r an ate Ab the

ive ct lle ce? Co spa

parterre

N Banierstraat

Current situation: appartments at the Banierstraat, storage and vacant plots in the Hofbogen.

Vijverhofstraat

Scale 1:1000

2 m

.5m

ed s ar ie sh enit m a

s es r sin ato Bu ub c n i

3 m 1.5

2nd floor maisonettes have entrance at the hofbogen

park

ity un m r m nte Co ce

h fe Ca

-terras

Vijverhofdwarsstraat

-1

architects

N Banierstraat

he maisonnetes on the 2nd floor have their entrance at the hofbogen park. 0.

New situation: Business incubator, community center at the Agnieseplein, maisonettes and Hofbogen park on top of it.

“A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public space” groundfloor plan

topfloor plan The hofbogen has a park on top of it. At the place where the line meets the urban block, the identity of the space changes from a pathway to a small park. There are two entrances in this block. Stairs are incorporated in the existing buildings. On the 2nd floor the maisonettes have their entrance at the hofbogen park.

On the ground floor and the -1.5m floors, are the amenities located. A small part (purple) consists of ground floor apartments on a parterre. The middle space is a shared space for businesses, incubator, mosque and community center. The pedestrian passage can be closed at night.

‘Green’ route

Mosque

Hofbogen

Business incubator Central square Community center

€

N Daycare/school

Playground square

Hofbogen Park

N Daycare/school

Community center

‘Green’ route

Hofbogen park

extention of the park dwelling 2

entrance at the 2nd streetlevel

dwelling 1

office

ijverhofstraat Section Business incubator

Banierstraat

scale 1:100

“A 5.40 m

60 min. max. parking

5.40 m

wider sidewalk

5.40 m

monumental Hofbogen

every unit has it’s own entrance at the street

3.00 m

2 floor extention (45m2)

16.00 m

collective functions in wintergarden like: cafe corner, presentation and printing facilities, meeting and conference space, etc.

3.00 m

new facade

10.50 m

combined appartments into 2 dwelings

3.00 m

stoepje

Section 1:200 11.

AGNIESEBUURT

V DESIGN The businesses have their entrances at the street. A proper sidewalk makes this an interesting route to walk along. The passage will be a new building. It has to fit to the scale of the existing buildings, but on the oterhand has to stand out to show that this is something special; even though the collective space is hidden from the street.

DENTIST

Photocollage of possible apearance of the entrance of the passage

widened sidewalk in front of the offices and worckshops, parking for max. 60 minutes

IV. Hofbogenpark

The Hofbogenpark will function as a 2.5 km long neighborhood park on a 2nd higher treetlevel. The stairs towards the park need to be wide and inviting. Large signs with the logo of the park are to be found underneith the arches. On top (on the roof ) of the Business ncubator the park will be wider up to 25 meters. The dwellings at the Banierstraat at the 2nd oor will have their entrances at this park.

The park has places of movement and places to stay. There is an entrance every 300 meters. 2.

Photocollage of possible apearance of the entrance of the passage

â&#x20AC;&#x153;A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public spaceâ&#x20AC;?

IV. Agnieseplein

The Agnieseplein is the central meeting place for the inhabitants nd entrepreneurs of the Neighborhood. It is one of the scarce reen places. The square is surrounded by new conteporary rchitecture to distinguish it form itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surroundings. Car trafic is lowed down by speed bumbs. Workspaces for small companies t the groundfloor and open and detailed facades and a scale hat resembles the rest of the Agniesebuurt help to give a ecluded athmosphere.

t ea nc a tr en tra

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a gg n i rk pa

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12 P

retain permeability

s es r sin ato Bu ub c n i

ge ra

un m r m nte Co ce

fe Ca

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-terras

ity

10 rsto te

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ly er s eld me ho

ive ct lle en co ard g

m a / w -0.7 n law

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make a clear definition of a square hofbogen identity and new wintergardens

Agnieseplein 11

th wi d w roa n do the ed p in e w ar lo m qu c s d bu s ffi e f tra pee th ho at as rre e a ad give new identity with new buildings eM fac th w o t ne te ga

small scale square facade

menities (non retail) at the square give the desperately needed livelyness at daytime

ed on is ti po e re id th th s a u p ke so bi the to

13. Banierstraat: car traffic is allowed as a guest.

The park itself is open and well visible form the street for good social safety.

Bicycle path is replaced to the south side of the square to provide a more logical and continuous route .

The area underneath this building can be fille with a wintergarden like at the Doelentuin in D

AGNIESEBUURT

V DESIGN V. MEESTER MARREHOF

he Meester Marrehof is the convent that is formed by the new buildings at the Agnieseplein. It is a quiet collective garden that is perfect for small children to lay. In the evenings the it is possible to close the area of and make it only ccessible to the inhabitants. This is very much like the historic hofjes that can e found in many Dutch cities. The width of 21.5 m allows for a central green pace that is surrounded by a 4 meter wide sidewalk. Due to this design the xisting gardens in between the entrance buildings can operate much better s places to sit and meet others. The transition between public and private has ecome less direct. Meester Marrestraat nowadays

Agnieseplein

Private

Meester Marrehof 4

Public

9. 9.

Schiekade

“A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public space”

VIII. BANIERSTRAAT

The banierstraat is a ‘stony’ environment; it feels rather imperonal and uncared for. By making a transition zone in front of the ouses these problems with the operation of the space could be mproved.

toepjes is a concept that is to be found in many Dutch historical ities. It is part of the street, but most of the times paved and ometimes with a small fence. It is a transition zone of about 1.2 meter in front of the private space in the dwelling. On the south outh east side of the street it is possible to make gardens.

Delftse stoep, Oude Delft

1.2 m

3.2 m

2.4 m

4.2 m

“B

14,2 m

Small street with frontgardens, Laan van Overvest, Delft Section Banierstraat 1:100

Stoepje - Pavement - Street - Parking - Garden

15.

AGNIESEBUURT

V DESIGN VII. PAAP DIRCKSTRAAT & SCHIEKADE “WALL”

On the location of the former hospital a huge row of 970’s housing is to be found. The building is 6 stories igh, and 165 meters long and has the same appearnce all the way. The function is not too bad, but astatically large improvements could be made by plitting the building in two parts. A street in the middle towards the Paap Dirkstraat would provide an opportunity to increase the permeability of the Agniesebuurt. The remaining building volumes fit much better in the structure and scale of the neighborhood that consists of smaller individual buildings. Present situation: long building, hidden amenities.

Roo Valkstraat

Teilingerstraat

1:5000

Paap Dirkstraat

Bergweg

Schout Heijnricstraat

So ..... Demolish 25% Rebuild 15 % Renovate ground floor +/- 60%

1. 165 m

2. split up the block and make a new entrance 435 m

3. 170 m 6.

1:2000

65 m

165 m

make a new facade for the old groundfloor shops

74 m

“A strategy for improvement of the local economy , demography and public space”

Because of cut in the Schiekade wall the Paap Dirckstraat will change rom a cul de sac to a small city street with a walkway underneeth the rees. Traffic will be slowed down by the tight one way lanes. Street parking is only possible on the south side; the rest of the cars need to park in the neighborhood parking garage. The changed traffic condition may also cause a desire from the inhabitants to create a buffer zone between the street and the front door.

3.00 m

2.60 m

2.70m 8.12 m

6.04 m

2.60 m

2.00m

1.2 m

5.74 m

Section Paap Dirckstraat 1:200

o reduce the speed of the traffic, the street is just wide enough to allow parking long the street (street+ parking +sidewalk = 5.8 m).

straatbaksteen wf

straatsbaksteen df, visgraat

groenvlak opsluiting verhoogd

betonnenband hardsteenkleur

betonteg “Rotterd

betonnenband hardsteenkleur

ncreased traffic may couse a need for smal seperation walls, to retain a transition etween public and privat space.

Detail materialization in ‘Rotterdamse stijl’, 1:50 Banierstraat south side 17.