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Volume 10 | Issue 4 May - June 2024
Trends & Technologies in Façade Lighting ABHIJIT RAI VAISH, Executive Director, Instapower Ltd.
Redefining Spatial Boundaries
SAKET JAIN, Business Head, Fenesta Building Systems (a unit of DCM Shriram Ltd.)
Optimising the Efficiency of Buildings through Better Fenestration Designs
AR. ANIL BADAN, Founder and Principal Architect, Studio B Architects
Ventilation in Architecture: Enhancing Comfort, Health and Sustainability
DIPEN GADA, Founder and Principal Architect, Dipen Gada & Associates (DGA)
DR.
(NFPA-CFPS, PMP, LEED AP.), Associate Director – Head MEP & Infrastructure, KPM Engineering Consultants 38 Is Your Façade Designed to Contain the Smoke and Fire from Spreading?
JOTHI RAMALINGAM PONNUSWAMY, Director, Winwall India Façade Testing Laboratory & Afiti Global Fire Testing Laboratory
Market for Façade & Fenestration Materials
MANISH KUMAR, Director - Principal Façade Consultant, TDS Coetus Pvt. Ltd.
The Modern Glass Envelope: A Balancing Act
MOHAMMAD MOHIB KAMIL, Managing Partner, KAENAT Group
Façade Materials & Installation Technologies for a Better Interior Environment
AR. GURPREET S. SHAH, Principal Architect and Urban Designer, Creative Group LLP
Face to Face
Interview - PROF. CHRISTOPHER CHARLES BENNINGER, Master architect and planner, Founder, CCBA Designs
DISCLAIMER: With regret we wish to say that publishers cannot be held responsible or liable for error or omission contained in this publication. The opinions and views contained in this publication are not necessarily those of the publishers. Readers are advised to seek expert advice before acting on any information contained in this publication which are very generic in nature. The Magazine does not accept responsibility for the accuracy of claims made by advertisers. The ownership of trademarks is acknowledged. No part of this publication or any part of the contents thereof may be reproduced in any form or context without the permission of publishers in writing.
WRITE TO THE EDITOR Please address your suggestions to: The Editor, Window & Façade Magazine, C55, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase – 1, New Delhi, 110020 or email renu@wfmmedia.com. Please provide your full name and address, stating clearly if you do not wish us to print them. Alternatively log on to www.wfmmedia.com and air your views. The opinions expressed in this section are of particular individuals and are in no way a reflection of the publisher’s views.
Selecting the right façade and fenestration materials is crucial for enhancing building performance. Efficient façades are barriers against external elements, reducing energy consumption by improving insulation and minimising heat gain or loss.
In this edition, we present articles authored by experts on various topics including, optimal interior comfort through ideal lighting, acoustics and ventilation. We have featured a few interesting and important topics including fire safety, the market for façade, and fenestration materials, and building energy-efficient buildings through better building envelope designs.
The convergence of innovative materials and cutting-edge technologies is reshaping the landscape of façades and fenestration systems. The cover story of this edition of the magazine explores how these advancements are revolutionizing building envelopes. Each material, be it glass, uPVC, aluminium, wood, zinc, or copper, brings unique properties to the table. Glass remains a popular choice due to its ability to enhance natural lighting and provide expansive views while also being adaptable to various energy-efficient technologies. Fenestration is one of the keys to redefining the aesthetics and performance of buildings and we share some innovative fenestration designs suggested by experts.
Glass and glazing have always been a hot topic of discussion for our readers. Selecting glass for facades involves several critical considerations to ensure energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Technological advancements such as BIM and 3D printing have enabled the creation of non-traditional shapes and complex geometric cladding systems. Vacuum Insulated Glass (VIG) is making its way into fenestration systems. Fenestration technologies like automated cladding systems are gaining traction.
Automation technologies are reshaping energy-efficient façade and fenestration systems through sustainability, biophilic design, and smart solutions. These systems adapt dynamically to environmental changes, optimising energy use and enhancing occupant comfort. Articles on automation have explained Integration of sensors and actuators into windows for automated control. Further, smart fenestrations automatically adjust tinting or open to optimise natural light and ventilation based on occupancy or environmental conditions, contributing to occupant comfort and energy efficiency. Insights on tools like Green Building Studio, Integrated Environmental Solutions Virtual Environment (IESVE), Cove. tool and Autodesk can be significantly used to calculate the energy efficiency of the buildings. Smart glass adjusts transparency based on sunlight intensity. installation methods enhance precision and efficiency, errors during installation and supporting sustainable architectural practices.
With the pace at which the construction industry is growing every year, regulating energy consumption is more critical than ever before. The improvements are expected to result in increased efficiency, precision, and durability of our buildings. As the construction industry evolves, energy-efficient façades and fenestration systems will continue to play a pivotal role in creating resilient, comfortable, and sustainable buildings.
We hope that you will enjoy reading this edition.
We are eagerly waiting for your feedback.
Façade Lighting Trends & Technologies in Façade Lighting
Façade design, for various building types, has evolved significantly over the years. Along with the colour, material, texture, and detailing, lighting plays a pivotal role in shaping how buildings are perceived. The skyline of an area can appear strikingly different when viewed at night compared to daytime hours, showcasing the transformative power of illumination.
UNDERSTANDING FAÇADE LIGHTING
Before we move into the discussion on the latest trends and technologies in façade lighting, it is essential to understand the concept itself. A ‘façade’ refers to the frontal exterior appearance of an architectural structure. It is one of the most critical aspects of building design, as it creates the initial impression of the edifice in the mind of a viewer. Architectural Façade Lighting complements the exterior of the building, enhancing its shape and appearance. The key focus is to enable spectators to understand and appreciate the architecture, creating an emotional value and connection with the structure. It must be noted that façade lighting not only focuses on aesthetics but also considers the functionality and sustainability aspects
of design. Environmentally sustainable lighting fixtures help designers save on capital costs while reducing the building’s carbon footprint. Modern architecture is decorated with numerous façade design strategies – ranging from materiality to complex forms. A façade will seem vastly different in shape, size, and overall design when illuminated by natural and artificial, including RGBW lighting.
COMMON FAÇADE LIGHTING TECHNIQUES
Some of the most common façade lighting techniques include:
Solid Façade – lighting for smooth surfaces with little or no texture, enormous in size and span. Lighting helps define this canvas with patterns and textures, creating depth and visual interest.
Vertically Divided Façade – up-lights and down-lights are used to increase and augment the vertical elements of the façade, accentuating features like columns, fins and recesses.
Horizontally Divided Façade –horizontally larger façades tend to cast shadows of architectural features on themselves. Façade Lighting is utilized to reduce these shadows and highlight horizontal elements such as slab edges, cornices, and banding.
Perforated Façade – provides ample opportunities for creativity, allowing light to penetrate through openings and create intricate patterns and visual effects.
In addition to the strategies mentioned above, other techniques like Direct View, Grazing, Washing, Accentuating, and Flooding are widely used across architectural projects today. These techniques differ from each other in terms of the location and distance of the Lighting Fixtures from the ‘subject’ wall or façade that is to be illuminated, enabling a diverse range of lighting effects and moods.
Lighting at Sun Temple, Modhera
Signature Bridge – Lighting
ADVANCEMENTS IN FAÇADE LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY
Façade lighting for high-rise buildings and large-scale projects has seen significant advancements in recent years, driven by technological innovation and a growing emphasis on user experience, sustainability, and creative expression:
LED Lighting technology dominates the façade lighting sector due to its energy efficiency, long lifespan, and versatility in colour and intensity. LED fixtures offer precise control over light output, allowing for dynamic and adaptive lighting schemes.
Incorporating dynamic lighting elements, such as moving lights, pixel mapping, and media façades, allows for captivating visual effects, including colour-changing schemes, animations, and synchronized patterns that can transform the appearance of a building in real time.
Interactive façade lighting, controlled by sensors or user input, enhances engagement and creates immersive experiences for viewers. This can include reactive
lighting that responds to environmental conditions, pedestrian movement, or even social media interactions.
Integration with smart building systems enables automated control, scheduling, and energy optimization of façade lighting, often using IoT (Internet of Things) platforms and intelligent control systems. This not only enhances efficiency but also allows for adaptive lighting scenarios based on occupancy, weather conditions, and other factors.
Advanced software tools, such as 3D rendering and simulation software, enable precise planning, simulation, and visualization of façade lighting designs, facilitating collaboration between architects, lighting designers, and
Façade Lighting
engineers. These tools aid in optimizing lighting schemes and ensuring seamless integration with architectural elements.
INTEGRATION WITH ARCHITECTURE
Façade lighting is increasingly integrated with architectural elements, complementing building aesthetics and enhancing its visual appeal both during the day and at night. This can involve embedding lighting fixtures within architectural features, using materials that interact with light in unique ways, or creating dynamic façades that can change appearance through lighting effects.
THE FUTURE OF FAÇADE LIGHTING
These trends and technologies reflect a growing focus on creativity, efficiency, sustainability, and user experience in the field of façade lighting for high-rise buildings and large-scale infrastructure projects such as Airports, Railway Stations, Bridges, Buildings, and Heritage Structures. As cities continue to evolve and densify, the role of façade lighting in shaping urban landscapes and creating iconic architectural statements will only become more significant.
Maharishi Valmiki International Airport
Ayodhya
The Maryada Purushottam Shri Ram International Airport is now socially recognized as Maharishi Valmiki International Airport Ayodhya Dham which marks a significant milestone in India’s architectural and cultural landscape. This airport, inaugurated by the Hon’ble Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on the 30th of December 2023, resonates deeply with the spiritual and historical essence of Ayodhya, the birthplace of Lord Shri Ram.
At the heart of this architectural marvel lies its meticulously crafted and
Façade Lighting of Ayodhya Airport
Lighting at Trichy Airport
Case Study
Ayodhya Dham
Façade Lighting
captivating facade lighting. The facade lighting serves as a dynamic canvas, illuminating the airport with everchanging themes that reflect the rich tapestry of Ayodhya’s cultural heritage. Drawing inspiration from the Nagara style of temple architecture, the lighting system seamlessly integrates with the airport’s design, enhancing its aesthetic appeal while paying homage to the city’s religious significance.
The dynamic nature of the lighting system ensures that no two moments are alike, offering passengers and visitors a unique and enchanting experience with every visit. Whether arriving or departing, travellers are greeted by a symphony of light and colour that transcends mere illumination, leaving an indelible impression on their hearts and minds.
The team of skilled technicians and craftsmen meticulously position each fixture, taking into account factors such as beam angles, light intensity, and coverage area. Whether illuminating intricate architectural details or accentuating sweeping curves, every aspect of the lighting design is executed with precision and care.
The introduction of facade lighting at the
The lighting of the Airport is implemented using energy-efficient technologies and controlled effectively, potentially minimising energy consumption and reducing carbon emissions. Energy-efficient LED fixtures, combined with smart lighting controls, help in optimising the use of electricity, leading to a decrease in the airport’s overall environmental footprint.
QUICK FACTS:
• Project: Maharishi Valmiki International Airport Ayodhya Dham
• Location: Ayodhya
• Client: AAI
• Architect: Sthapati
• Other Consultants: Contractor: SK Integrated
• Materials used for façade: Ground recessed uplight (RGBW), Profile light(RGW), flood light (RGBW), strip light (RGBW)
• Completion Date: 30 December, 2023
ABHIJIT RAI VAISH
Executive Director, Instapower Ltd.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Abhijit Rai Vaish is the Executive Director of Instapower Ltd., a pioneer in LED lighting solutions. Joining the company in 2003, Abhijit has been instrumental in its transformative journey. His strategic vision drove initiatives in LED lighting technology, resulting in numerous design and complete patents, and prestigious project acquisitions such as the Sun Temple and Ayodhya Airport. Abhijit’s leadership extends beyond domestic borders, fostering partnerships with global players and diversifying product portfolios. With a Bachelor’s in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University and completion of the OPM program at Harvard Business School, Abhijit combines academic rigour with hands-on experience. Instapower’s impact spans many landmark projects and sustainability efforts, recognised by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Lighting – Rampath, Ayodhya
Maharishi Valmiki International
Airport Ayodhya Dham undoubtedly has positive implications for the environment.
Fenestration Design Redefining Spatial Boundaries
The Art of Window & Door Design in Shaping Spatial Perception
In architectural design, windows and doors are not merely functional elements but also powerful tools for shaping spatial perception and enhancing the overall aesthetic of a space. The thoughtful integration of these features can have a profound impact on how we experience and interact with our built environment. Framed by contemporary fenestration solutions, openings in buildings serve as portals to the external world, effortlessly integrating natural elements like light and ventilation into our everyday living spaces, thereby harmonising with the concept of space.
ENHANCING SPATIAL PERCEPTION
Compact interiors can feel more spacious with the right choice of windows and doors. Ultimately, the design and placement of windows and doors influence how we perceive and experience interior and exterior spaces.
Whether through expansive glass walls or minimalist frame designs, fenestration solutions continue to redefine spatial boundaries, creating environments that inspire and enrich human interactions with architecture. Similarly, doors serve as gateways between different areas of a building, guiding the flow of movement and shaping our experience of transition. The design of doors, including their size, material, and detailing, can influence the perceived hierarchy of spaces and establish a sense of arrival or departure.
ARCHITECTURAL INTEGRATION AND AESTHETIC APPEAL
In contemporary architectural masterpieces, fenestration design plays a central role, complementing the built form and contributing to the overall aesthetic appeal. Well-designed windows and doors facilitate airflow and ventilation, which are crucial for maintaining a comfortable indoor environment. The emergence of façade screens, kinetic façades, and smart technology integration signifies a shift towards dynamic and responsive building elements. These innovations enhance energy efficiency and also offer customisable solutions for solar control and natural ventilation.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND COMFORT
One of the key advancements in window technology is the incorporation of performance glass and doubleglazed units (DGU) has revolutionised thermal management within spaces, maintaining optimal temperatures without compromising on daylight quality. Nanotechnology-infused glass mitigates solar gain, while specialised coatings and sealants provide comprehensive protection against climatic variations. These materials, with their longevity and performance benefits, ensure that your investment stands the test of time while reducing your carbon footprint.
In conclusion, By carefully considering the size, placement, style, and materiality of these elements, architects and designers can create spaces that are not only visually captivating but also deeply resonant and immersive.
SAKET JAIN
Business Head, Fenesta Building Systems (a unit of DCM Shriram Ltd.)
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Saket Jain heads the business unit at Fenesta, one of India’s leading companies providing windows and doors in India. Under his able leadership, Fenesta, a division of DCM Shriram Limited, has substantiated its competence with more than 3,50,000 windows and doors installation across homes, colleges, hospitals and hotels. Saket Jain joined DCM Shriram in 1999 and held various positions. He has contributed immensely to the business by streamlining the processes and expanding retail growth. His expertise, leadership skills, futuristic vision, great interpersonal skills, and guidance have paved a path of development for every employee at Fenesta.
Optimising the Efficiency of Buildings through Better Fenestration Designs
Building façades are a fusion of fenestrations, architectural elements, materials, and budget considerations. The design of fenestrations plays an important role in making a building energy-efficient with the appropriate placement of windows, doors, and other openings. These constitute the larger portion of the building envelope and serve as a link between indoor and outdoor spaces. Therefore, it is crucial to provide a framework for decision-making that aids in the process. In this article explores the importance of fenestration design in optimising building efficiency and uncovering the strategies and technologies shaping the future of sustainable architecture.
DESIGNING TO HARNESS NATURAL LIGHT
Natural light creates an open and refreshing atmosphere for residents. To utilise the same effectively, the fenestration must be done accordingly. Strategically position windows, skylights and openings to maximise daylight. Factors such as orientation, size and
shade are also considered to control the amount of light that comes in. From open offices to living rooms, the use of natural light has appropriately reduced environmental dynamics that blur the boundaries between interior and exterior, leading to better health, and more sustainable buildings.
BALANCING THERMAL PERFORMANCE THROUGH DESIGNS
Accordingly, the design of fenestration can contribute to thermal efficiency in buildings. Opening windows and panes contributes greatly to heat gain and loss. This is achieved by selecting materials that meet energy standards. Low emissivity (Low-E) coatings, thermally broken frames, and tri-glare units are a few examples of advanced fenestration technologies that help reduce heat transfer and improve insulation. In addition, mechanical shading and heating systems also help control the temperature of the building. The pursuit of this technology is consistent with the concept of better and more environmentally friendly design.
CHECK FOR NATURAL VENTILATION & INDOOR AIR QUALITY
Fenestration designs promote natural ventilation and improve air quality for the occupants. One efficient method is installing operable windows, louvres, and ventilators to facilitate fresh air evenly. This reduces the reliance on HVAC systems and improves overall air quality. Natural
Opening windows and panes contributes greatly to heat gain and loss
Hotel Radisson Dharamshala - Building façades are a fusion of fenestrations
Energy-Efficient Buildings
ventilation increases the comfort of occupants and contributes to a healthier interior environment. Moreover, passive ventilation strategies such as cross ventilation, stack effect, and clerestory windows improve the overall circulation and serve as a cost-effective solution.
BIOPHILIC DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN FENESTRATIONS
Making a way for humans to connect with nature, biophilic design serves as a mediator in doing so and enhancing the sustainability of buildings. Fenestrations are designed in a way that embraces these principles and provides a visual connection with the natural world. Expansive glass windows or floor-toceiling windows merge these confines and create a serene space. Using organic elements such as living walls, green roofs, and natural materials further adds to this connection with nature. By adopting the
fenestration process as a tool, architects can create environments that enhance creativity, productivity and overall wellbeing.
INNOVATIVE FENESTRATION DESIGN SOLUTIONS
The fenestration world is exploring new ways to improve energy efficiency in buildings. Cutting-edge technology, dynamic shading systems and adaptive designs are innovative ideas leading this industry. High-performance glass systems, interchangeable coatings, and nanotechnology-based paint solutions control solar gain to remain in optimal comfort. Further, dynamic shading devices such as electrochromic glass and automatic blinds adjust in real-time and provide better daylight control. Additionally, when combined with sensors, actuators and IoT, these fenestrations automatically react to climate change and work accordingly to create the ideal temperature.
A fenestration design is a powerful tool for improving building efficiency, increasing occupant comfort, and promoting sustainable architecture. Architecture plays a key role in shaping the future, creating places that put human well-being first, have a minimal impact on the environment, and inspire generations to come!
AR. ANIL BADAN
Founder and Principal Architect, Studio B Architects
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Ar. Anil Badan, Founder and Principal Architect of Studio B Architects has etched his name in the hospitality design industry through sheer grit and creativity. Overcoming humble beginnings and linguistic barriers, his perseverance paved the way for groundbreaking projects like Cloud Nine, Kolkata’s first nightclub, and the prestigious Ramada Plaza, Varanasi. Badan’s user-centric design philosophy focuses on creating accessible, remarkable structures. His competitive spirit earned him industry recognition, including a high-profile showcase at the Leela, Mumbai, securing a pivotal Dubai project. With an impressive portfolio spanning iconic hospitality marvels worldwide, Badan continues redefining design boundaries through unparalleled innovation.
Natural light creates an open and refreshing atmosphere
A fenestration design is a powerful tool for improving building efficiency
Ventilation Ventilation in Architecture: Enhancing Comfort, Health and Sustainability
In the realm of modern architecture, the integration of ventilation technologies has undergone significant evolution, driven by the imperative to enhance occupant comfort, improve energy efficiency, and respond to environmental challenges. This article explores the latest trends and technologies in ventilation, focusing on how architects leverage advanced tools and softwares to design facades and windows that optimise air circulation within built environments.
TRENDS IN VENTILATION TECHNOLOGIES
Recent advancements in ventilation technologies emphasise both passive and active strategies that promote natural airflow and optimise mechanical systems where necessary. The following trends highlight the innovative approaches architects are adopting:
• Natural Ventilation Systems: Architects are increasingly incorporating passive design strategies that harness natural elements such as wind and stack effect. This approach involves strategically
placing openings, such as windows, vents, and atriums, to facilitate cross ventilation and encourage the movement of air throughout a building. The goal is to reduce reliance on mechanical systems and enhance indoor air quality.
• Mechanical Ventilation: While natural ventilation remains preferred for its energy efficiency and sustainability, mechanical ventilation systems have also evolved. Advances in HVAC technology include energy recovery ventilation (ERV) and demandcontrolled ventilation (DCV), which optimize air exchange rates based on occupancy and indoor air quality sensors.
• Smart Ventilation Systems: Integrating smart technologies allows for dynamic control of ventilation systems based on real-time data. Sensors monitor parameters like temperature, humidity, and CO2 levels, adjusting ventilation rates accordingly. This adaptive approach not only improves indoor comfort but also conserves energy by operating systems only when necessary.
• Facade Design for Ventilation: Facades play a crucial role in ventilation design. Modern facades are designed with features such as
Advancements in ventilation technologies emphasise both passive and active strategies that promote natural airflow
Doors and windows play a crucial role in ventilation design
operable louvres, adjustable shades, and porous materials that facilitate airflow while providing solar shading and thermal insulation. Computational tools help architects simulate airflow patterns around buildings to optimize facade design for ventilation efficiency
SOFTWARE AND TOOLS FOR DESIGNING FAÇADES AND WINDOWS
Advancements in digital tools have revolutionized the way architects design facades and windows to enhance ventilation. Here are some key software and tools that facilitate this process:
• Building Information Modelling (BIM): BIM software like Autodesk Revit and ArchiCAD enables architects to create detailed 3D models of buildings. These models simulate airflow and analyse the impact of facade design on ventilation performance. BIM integrates architectural, structural, and MEP (mechanical, electrical, plumbing) systems, providing a holistic view of how ventilation interacts with other building components.
• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulation: CFD software such as ANSYS Fluent and Open FOAM allows architects to perform detailed airflow simulations around buildings. By inputting parameters like wind speed, direction, and building geometry, CFD tools predict airflow patterns and identify
areas where natural ventilation can be optimized. This simulation-driven approach helps architects design facades that promote effective air circulation.
• Daylight and Energy Simulation Tools: Tools like Autodesk Ecotect and Design Builder simulate daylight penetration and energy performance based on facade design. These tools evaluate how different window configurations impact natural lighting, thermal comfort, and energy consumption. Optimizing window placement and size not only enhances natural lighting but also influences air circulation patterns within indoor spaces.
• Parametric Design Software: Parametric design tools such as Grasshopper for Rhino enable
Tools use algorithms to generate and manipulate design variations based on performance criteria
Ventilation
architects to create complex geometries and iterate facade designs rapidly. These tools use algorithms to generate and manipulate design variations based on performance criteria such as solar exposure and ventilation efficiency. Parametric modelling facilitates the exploration of innovative facade solutions that balance aesthetic appeal with functional performance.
• Several iconic buildings showcase the successful integration of advanced ventilation technologies and design tools:
• The Edge, Amsterdam: Designed with a highly responsive facade and integrated IoT sensors, The Edge employs natural ventilation strategies alongside advanced HVAC systems to achieve optimal indoor environmental quality while minimizing energy consumption.
• Sustainable City, Dubai: This development emphasizes passive design principles with shaded walkways, wind towers, and carefully oriented buildings to maximize natural ventilation in a desert climate. Computational tools were instrumental in optimising building orientations and facade designs.
In conclusion, the evolution of ventilation technologies in architecture reflects a commitment to sustainable design practices and occupant well-being. From natural ventilation strategies that capitalize on environmental forces to sophisticated mechanical systems guided by smart technologies, architects are leveraging a diverse toolkit to optimize air circulation within buildings. Digital tools such as BIM, CFD simulations, and parametric design software empower architects to design facades and windows that not only enhance ventilation efficiency but also contribute to overall building performance and occupant comfort. As the demand for energyefficient and resilient buildings grows, the integration of advanced ventilation technologies will continue to shape the future of architecture, fostering healthier and more sustainable built environments.
Ventilation
Case Study - 1
Navgansinh Residence
Vadodara, Gujarat
The plot was a fairly longitudinal and narrow piece of land with a total area of roughly 7,200 Sq ft. It was a compact location and the owner had an elaborate necessity
for 6 bedrooms, a retail space on the ground bottom along with other installations; and no concession on the quality of air, light, seclusion and sound control. The architect had only
had one option – that was to make altitudinous house. With this comes another challenge of not making it look and feel like an apartment but one like a humble abode while establishing a nice internal visual connectivity between all the floors.
The elevation on the south therefore sees a latticed red granite screen with artistic perforations at levels 2 and 3. Breathing green pockets in the form of beautiful terrace gardens are placed at levels 1 and 4. The same element of the granite screen is repeated on the north façade at level 3. It’s further heightened by a body of exposed concrete work cast in a metrical fashion like that of a corrugated sheet.
The entrance foyer rests itself in the centre with the lift and staircase mass on the Northwest and auto demesne on the Northeast. The entrance foyer is strictly drafted as a double-height patio that
The elevation on the south therefore sees a latticed red granite screen with artistic perforations at levels 2 and 3
The traditional conception of a jharokha has been designed with an ultramodern touch and placed in the foyer
radiates calmness the moment one enters the house. The traditional conception of a jharokha has been designed with an ultramodern touch and placed in the foyer.
The trip overhead through both the staircase and the glass lift is an experience in itself. The subtle light rendered on the RCC walls of the lift produces a tranquil mood for the trip overhead. The glass in the lift and the indirect perforations in the wall allow formerly to enjoy the display of multitudinous artworks as one moves up. It leads to an entrance foyer on each floor.
• Project: Navgansinh Residence
• Location: Vadodara, Gujarat
• Architect: Dipen Gada & Associates (DGA)
• Façade Cladding: Red granite with CNC work
• Windows: High-Tech Aluminium
• Hardware: Hafele
• Start Year: 2019
• End Year: 2022
• Photography: Tejas Shah Photography
The bedroom – well-lit and ventilated
Beautiful play of light and shadows
QUICK FACTS:
Ventilation
Case Study - 2
Sitish Parikh’s Farmhouse
Vadodara, Gujarat
Sitish Parikh’s Farmhouse at Vadodara is a humble residence which has responded to the climate and site. It is a fun fact that the house is both an inward and outwardlooking house at the same time. One of the USPs of the project would be that it connects well with the most playful element of nature – the sun through its dynamic perforated screens and courtyards that animate the spillout spaces with playful shadows throughout the day. The site sits on the outskirts of Baroda near a village named Ampad.
The client happens to be one of the prominent developers in the city. He approached the architect with a requirement of building a second home where they could unwind and relax in the lap of nature. The client gave complete freedom to the designers to exercise their creativity.
The plot is a squarish piece of land with a total area of roughly 43,600 Sq ft with a beautiful parcel of land with an existing orchard and a minimal client requirement of simply 2 bedrooms and a kitchen and dining. Since it was a farmhouse, the effort was to lend it a character similar to countryside houses on one floor. Thus the use of bricks, sloping roofs and Mangalore tiles.
Its green setting further encouraged us to plan spaces in a manner that allows connection with the outside at all times, inviting ample sunlight along with it. The house is thus done in an ‘L -shape’ dividing the public and private spaces into separate wings with a central courtyard-like space that is held by a small swimming pool on one corner. The space is demarcated by a tall frame done in exposed brick.
The overall experience of journeying towards the house is quite fascinating, filled with surprises at various stages. The first veil appears in the form of a tall concave wall done in a manner that makes it look like a gorgeous brick jaali.
spaces in the house, the living- dining and both bedrooms have a semi-covered courtyard with subtle greens and brick jaali
The use of bricks, sloping roofs and Mangalore tiles
Ventilation
As one moves behind the brick jaali, along the curve, a very delicate but ornate box in casted antique jaali waits to invite you. This is the entry foyer to the house. Soon after entering it, one is astounded by the view that one encounters. An ambulatory on either side covered in a sloping roof and a stark blue pool amidst the greens instantly engaged one.
The house is surrounded by a picturesque garden with a small orchard on one corner of the site. It nests a tiny circular seating area under it. There is another Terminalia court on the other side of the garden and a jogging track along the periphery of the plot.
All spaces in the house, the livingdining and both bedrooms have a semicovered courtyard with subtle greens and brick jaali as a spill-out space on one end. The ambulatory circumscribing of the exteriors is another spill out on the other end of each of these rooms. Thus even though one is inside the house, there is a constant connection with the outdoors at all given times.
QUICK FACTS:
• Project: Sitish Parikh’s Farmhouse, Vadodara
• Location: Vadodara, Gujarat
• Architect: Dipen Gada & Associates (DGA)
• Engineering: SVN Consulting Eng.
• Façade Cladding: Bricks & red Jodhpur stone
• Façade: The Bonsai-Archee
• Built Up Area: 4,200Sq. Ft
• Commencement Year: May 21
• Completion Year: June 23
• Photography: Tejas Shah Photography
DIPEN GADA
Founder and Principal Architect, Dipen Gada & Associates (DGA)
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Dipen Gada & Associates (DGA) began as a very modest interior design firm. The principal designer and founder of the firm, Dipen Gada holds a Bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering from M.S University, Vadodara. Gradually with time and every project accomplished, DGA evolved from an exclusive interior design firm to a civil and architectural planning firm and attained the position as one of the respectable and admired firms in India. Since its inception in 1993, DGA has made its presence felt through innovative, minimalistic and timeless designs.
The core team at DGA consists of qualified and driven professionals who create a versatile body of work ranging from architecture, interior, landscape and product design. The firm strives to maintain a balance between aesthetics and functionality in all its designs.DGA maintains its trust and a close working relationship with their clients for the success and smooth functioning of any project undertaken by the firm.
The ambulatory circumscribing of the exteriors and one of the bedrooms
The sloping roof and a stark blue pool amidst the greens
Fire Safety Fire Safety of Façades
The façade of any building is its most attractive and visible feature which provides aesthetic appeal and often plays a vital role in energy efficiency. However, due to the rise of several high-profile fires, the fire safety of façades has become a nightmare for consultants, architects, and regulatory authorities spread across the world. This article delves into the key aspects of façade fire safety and includes materials, design considerations, and regulatory / design standards.
Façades and fenestrations play critical roles in architectural design, influencing aesthetics, energy efficiency, and occupant comfort. Recent innovations in materials and technologies have significantly advanced these aspects, along with considerations for fire safety.
IMPORTANCE OF FAÇADE FIRE SAFETY
The fire safety of façades is important for several reasons like Spread of Fire, Egress and Rescue Operations and Structural Integrity. The façades can significantly influence the spread of fire across the building. Combustible materials can accelerate the spread, while fire-resistant materials can help contain it. Safe
façades facilitate evacuation and rescue operations. They ensure that escape routes remain viable and accessible during a fire. Fire can compromise the structural integrity of a building. Fireresistant façades help maintain the structure’s stability during a blaze.
Façade and fenestration design usually includes double-skin façades which are designed like two layers of the façade with a ventilated cavity in between and
have the benefit of improved thermal insulation, soundproofing, and energy efficiency. Parametric façades are designed with the use of algorithms to create complex, adaptive, and optimised designs and are advantageous in terms of customisable aesthetics and performance tailored to environmental conditions. A kinetic façade is designed with dynamic elements that move in response to environmental stimuli and a kinetic façade has adaptive shading, ventilation and energy efficiency. Green façades’ design core is the integration of vegetation into the building façade and provides improved air quality, insulation and aesthetics.
KEY MATERIALS IN FAÇADE FIRE SAFETY
The key characteristics of fire-safe façade materials are non-combustible cladding, insulation and glazing. Materials such as Aluminium Composite Panels (ACP) with a fire-resistant core, fibre cement boards, and solid metal panels are preferred for their non-combustibility. Mineral wool is favoured over combustible foam plastics like polystyrene or polyurethane for insulation due to its fire-resistant
Façade and fenestration design usually includes double-skin façades which are designed like two layers of the façade with a ventilated cavity in between
Parametric façades are designed with the use of algorithms to create complex, adaptive, and optimised designs
properties. Fire-resistant glass can prevent the spread of flames and smoke while allowing visibility.
Materials used in construction have different types and benefits. Glass has types like Low-E, tempered, laminated, smart glass, etc. and they are beneficial considering light transmission, thermal insulation and safety. Then metallic materials like aluminium, steel, copper, and titanium are great considering durability, recyclability and modern aesthetics. Composite panels made
of Aluminium Composite Material (ACM) and fibre-reinforced polymers are lightweight, durable and versatile. Natural materials like stone, wood, and terracotta have higher usability as well as aesthetic appeal, sustainability and thermal properties.
TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATIONS
With the advancement in all areas of the building and construction segment, some technologies and innovations have brought smart materials like smart glass with electrochromic technology,
Fire Safety
or thermos-chromic glass that changes opacity, this material caters for dynamic control of light and heat, enhancing energy efficiency. Photovoltaic façades integrate solar panels into façade elements and it brings the advantages of energy generation and aesthetic integration. Advanced insulation materials like aerogels and vacuuminsulated panels are good for superior thermal insulation with minimal thickness. 3D printing technology helps in manufacturing façade elements and provides for customisation, reduced waste, and innovative design possibilities.
wool is
over combustible
The key characteristics of fire-safe façade materials are non-combustible cladding, insulation and glazing
Exterior cladding technologies like Rain Screen Cladding are good for outer cladding with a ventilated cavity to manage moisture. Metals, composite panels or terracotta can be used for the same.
Curtain wall systems are non-loadbearing walls attached to the building frame made from glass, aluminium and steel. EIFS (Exterior Insulation and Finish
Kinetic façade is designed with dynamic elements that move in response to environmental stimuli
Mineral
favoured
foam plastics like polystyrene or polyurethane for insulation
Fire Safety
Systems) has multi-layered exterior wall systems providing insulation and finish which is an insulation board, base coat, reinforcing mesh and finish coat. Traditional cladding materials like brick, stone, wood, etc., give timeless aesthetics with modern enhancements for performance.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR FIRERESISTANT FAÇADES
The chief considerations for fire-resistant façades are compartmentation, vertical and horizontal fire stops, ventilation and surface treatments. designing façades with fire breaks and barriers, which can limit the spread of fire between sections of a building. Fire stops are crucial in preventing the vertical and horizontal spread of fire, especially in multi-story buildings. Proper ventilation systems can help manage smoke and heat, reducing the overall fire load on the façade. Applying fire-retardant coatings to façade materials can enhance their resistance to fire.
REGULATORY STANDARDS AND TESTING
Various standards and tests are in place globally to ensure the fire safety of façades. Some notable ones are EN 13501-1, BS 8414, NFPA 285, National
Building Code of India – 2016 – Part 4, IS 1642: 1989, IS 3809: 1979, IS 875 (Part 2): 31987 and IS 3589: 2001.
• EN 13501-1 - this European standard classifies the reaction to fire performance of building materials.
• BS 8414 - This British standard tests the fire performance of external cladding systems.
• NFPA 285 - This is a North American standard that evaluates the fire propagation characteristics of exterior non-load-bearing wall assemblies.
• IS 1642: 1989 - Fire safety of buildings (general): Details of construction. This standard provides specifications
3D printing technology helps in manufacturing façade elements and provides for customisation, reduced waste, and innovative design possibilities
for the fire resistance of different construction elements, including façade materials.
• IS 3809: 1979 - Fire resistance test of structures. This standard outlines the methods for testing the fire resistance of various structural components, which is essential for ensuring the fire safety of façades.
• IS 875 (Part 2): 1987 - Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and Structures. While primarily focused on design loads, this standard also includes provisions related to the fire safety of building components, including façades.
• IS 3589: 2001 - Specification for steel pipes for water and sewage (168.3 to 2 540 mm outside diameter). Includes guidelines on the use of materials and components in construction that can impact overall fire safety.
CASE STUDIES AND LESSONS LEARNED
• Grenfell Tower Fire: The 2017 fire in London highlighted the dangers of using combustible cladding materials. The subsequent investigations and reports have led to stricter regulations and a reevaluation of fire safety practices worldwide.
• The Address Downtown Dubai Fire: The 2015 fire underscored the need for non-combustible cladding materials in high-rise buildings. The rapid spread of the fire via the façade necessitated changes in building codes and materials used in skyscrapers.
Curtain wall systems are non-load-bearing walls attached to the building frame
Smart glass with electrochromic technology, or thermos-chromic glass that changes opacity
Photovoltaic façades integrate solar panels into façade elements
FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN FAÇADE FIRE SAFETY
There is a lot of research going on currently on fire safe façade from the perspective of innovation in materials, enhanced testing methods and regulatory updates.
Ongoing research is focused on developing new materials that offer better fire resistance without compromising on other performance metrics like thermal efficiency and aesthetic appeal. More comprehensive and realistic testing methods are being developed to better simulate real-world fire scenarios. Building codes and standards are continuously evolving to incorporate lessons learned from past fires and advancements in fire safety technology.
Use of Non-Combustible Materialsin this Select materials with high fire resistance ratings as specified in the IS standards.
Incorporate Fire Stops and Barrierswhich need to follow the NBC guidelines to include adequate fire stops and
The chief considerations for fire-resistant façades are compartmentation, vertical and horizontal fire stops
compartmentation in the building design. Regular Inspections and Maintenancewill help to Conduct regular fire safety inspections and maintenance of façades to ensure ongoing compliance with safety standards.
Adhere to Local Regulations - i.e., Stay updated with local amendments and regulations related to fire safety, as these can evolve based on new findings and fire incidents.
IN SUMMARY
Innovations in façade and fenestration designs, materials, and technologies have led to significant advancements in building performance, sustainability, and safety. By integrating smart materials, adaptive designs, and stringent fire safety measures, modern façades not only enhance aesthetic appeal but also contribute to the overall efficiency and resilience of buildings.
Ensuring the fire safety of façades is a complex but critical aspect of modern building design and construction. It requires a careful selection of materials, thoughtful design considerations, and adherence to stringent regulatory standards. By prioritising fire safety, we can protect lives, preserve property, and enhance the resilience of our built environment against fire hazards.
(Disclaimer - the images used may be copyrighted to respective however writer or publisher bears no responsibility/ claim of ownership; the usage is for noncommercial purposes and for indication.)
Fire Safety
DR. AMIT CHAUDHARI (NFPA-CFPS, PMP, LEED AP.)
Associate Director – Head MEP & Infrastructure, KPM Engineering Consultants
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Dr. Amit Chaudhari, Associate Director – Head MEP & Infrastructure at KPM Engineering Consultants, has a rich educational background. He has done doctorate along with a masters in engineering and management. Dr. Chaudhari completed various professional certifications like CFPS, PMP, LEED AP and is affiliated with different organisations and institutes.
Dr. Chaudhari has designed some of the tallest building and largest infrastructure townships in India. He is passionate about ‘how cities function and the impact of infrastructure on everyday lives. His core design values are energy and climate, water and waste-water management through an integrated and sustainable design process.
Grenfell Tower fire
Fire Safety Is Your Façade Designed to Contain the Smoke and Fire from Spreading?
ENSURING SAFETY: UNDERSTANDING IS 18190 - FIRE RESISTANCE FOR PERIMETER FIRE BARRIER JOINT SYSTEM
Continuous glazing on almost all modern buildings is passé. The architect and developer of a high-rise building always strive to design and build a unique-looking structure which is not Just aesthetically pleasing to look at but also stands out and makes a statement. And while designing such iconic buildings one aspect that cannot be overlooked is fire resistance. As buildings become taller and more complex, ensuring fire safety measures are up to par becomes paramount.
The entire focus of the façade designer or consultant is to isolate the smoke and fire within one floor in the event of an unfortunate fire accident. Fire in a façade can spread to the upper floors from two different causes.
The fire can jump to the higher floors from outside after glass panels of the façade
break due to extreme temperature rise. This is called leapfrogging
The smoke and fire can rapidly rise through the gap between the continuous façade and the concrete slab on each floor. This is due to the chimney effect
To prevent the smoke and fire from spreading into the floors above the sealing of the continuous gap using a non-combustible material like stone
wool is very critical. This product used to seal the gap is technically addressed as a perimeter fire barrier and is also called a smoke seal or fire stop.
The fire & smoke resistance of Perimeter Fire Barrier Joint System, is governed by the Indian Standard IS 18190.
WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CONDUCTING AN IS 18190 PERIMETER FIRE BARRIER TEST?
IS 18190 is the standard to test the fire resistance of the perimeter fire barrier joint system and its ability to prevent the smoke and fire from penetrating the barrier for 120 minutes. The test is conducted in an ISMA Chamber (Intermediate Scale MultiStorey Apparatus) as shown in Figure 1 The fire curve for the first 30 minutes will follow the burning pattern specified as per the NFPA 285 standard (used to test the fire propagation properties of a façade system which uses semi combustible materials) and thereafter for the next 90 minutes follows the time temperature curve specified in IS-ISO 834-1 as shown in Figure - 2
Figure 1: IS 18190 is the standard to test the fire resistance of the perimeter fire barrier joint system and its ability to prevent the smoke and fire from penetrating the barrier for 120 minutes
Figure 1: IS 18190 is the standard to test the fire resist system and its ability to prevent the smoke and fire fro
Fire Safety
This standard specifies the test method to determine the fire resistance performance system of perimeter fire barrier joint systems based on the length of time the system is being tested to resist the fire before development of through openings or flaming and transmission of heat on the unexposed surface.
During the life cycle of the perimeter fire barrier joint system, it undergoes various unintended movements such as thermal, wind, seismic and/or combination of these. This standard addresses such movements before subjecting the system to a fire resistance test. The test simulates the dynamic movement of the barrier in three different speeds i.e. 1,10 and 30 cycles per minute for 500 cycles before the fire in the chamber is initiated.
The significance of IS 18190 testing for Perimeter Fire Barrier Joint Systems cannot be overstated, especially in highrise buildings, commercial complexes, and public facilities. Here’s why:
1. Life Safety: Testing the Perimeter Fire Barrier Joint Systems are integral to ensuring the safety of building occupants and first responders during a fire emergency. By containing the fire and limiting its spread, these systems buy valuable
time for evacuation and rescue operations.
2. Property Protection: Beyond life safety, effective fire barrier systems help minimize property damage by confining the fire to its origin area. This reduces the overall impact of the fire and facilitates faster recovery and restoration postincident.
3. Regulatory Compliance: Adherence to IS 18190 is a regulatory requirement for building design and construction. Compliance ensures that structures meet the necessary safety standards and codes mandated by local authorities.
4. Liability Mitigation: Noncompliance with fire safety regulations can have severe legal and financial consequences for building owners, developers, and stakeholders. Investing in robust fire barrier systems not only protects lives but also mitigates liability risks.
In conclusion, IS 18190 governing Perimeter Fire Barrier Joint Systems are indispensable tools in the arsenal of fire safety measures for modern buildings. By adhering to the standard, the construction industry can uphold its commitment to safeguarding lives, protecting property, and promoting resilience in the face of fire emergencies.
JOTHI RAMALINGAM PONNUSWAMY
Director, Winwall India Façade Testing Laboratory
Director, Afiti Global Fire Testing Laboratory
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Jothi Ramalingam Ponnuswamy is the Director of Winwall India Façade Testing Laboratory and Afiti Global Fire Testing Laboratory. Winwall Technology India Pvt Ltd, an ISO 17025 and an NABL accradated performance testing laboratory also has the facility to test reaction to fire test asper NFPA285 and resistance to fire as per IS 18190 & ASTM 2307. Winwall is a very renowned name in the performance testing industry with over 30+ years of testing credibility and is present in 6 countries namely Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and India.
Under Jothi’s stewardship, he has created a new state-of-the-art laboratory for reaction and resistance to fire tests. The laboratory is completely operational and waiting for its NABL accreditations. The facility is also used for testing and research purposes. Currently, Afiti has the test facility to test horizontal and vertical samples of various dimensions for their resistance to fire proprieties upto 4mt x 4mt.
Figure
Figure 2: Time-temperature curve specified in IS-ISO 834-1
Figure 2: Time-temperature curve specified in IS-ISO 834-1
Façade & Fenestration Materials – Market
Market for Façade & Fenestration Materials
The façade and fenestration materials market in India is a vital segment of the building construction industry, significantly influencing the aesthetics, energy efficiency, and overall performance of buildings. With rapid urbanisation, increased infrastructure investments, and a growing emphasis on sustainable and energy-efficient buildings, this market has experienced notable growth. This report delves into the current market scenario, future growth projections, and key factors influencing the market, along with a detailed exploration of design concepts, technological aspects, fire safety, acoustics, and weather tightness in façade design.
CURRENT MARKET SCENARIO
Market Size and Segmentation
As of 2023, the Indian market for façade and fenestration materials is estimated to be worth approximately USD 2.5 billion. The market segmentation is based on materials, endusers, and application types:
Materials: Glass, aluminium, steel, wood and composite materials
End-Users: Residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional buildings
Applications: Exterior façades, windows, doors, curtain walls, and skylights
Key Drivers
• Urbanisation and Infrastructure
Development: The push for urban development and government initiatives like the Smart Cities Mission and Housing for All significantly drive the demand for
façade and fenestration materials.
• Energy Efficiency and Sustainability: Growing awareness about climate change and energy consumption is increasing the demand for energyefficient building materials.
• Architectural Trends: Modern architectural designs necessitate advanced and aesthetically appealing façade and fenestration solutions.
• Technological Advancements: Innovations in materials and construction technologies, such as high-performance glass and aluminium composite panels, are propelling the market forward.
• Regulatory Support: Government regulations promoting green buildings and energy efficiency standards are fostering market growth.
DESIGN CONCEPTS AND TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Design Concepts
Façade design has evolved from mere aesthetics to incorporating functionality, sustainability, and performance. Modern façade designs focus on:
• Aesthetics: Integrating visual appeal with the building’s architectural style.
• Functionality: Ensuring the façade contributes to the building’s overall performance, including thermal insulation and ventilation.
• Sustainability: Using materials and designs that reduce environmental impact.
Design Tools
Advancements in design tools have revolutionised façade design. Key tools include:
• Building Information Modeling (BIM): Enhances collaboration and precision in design, allowing for detailed 3D models.
• Computer-Aided Design (CAD): Provides accurate drawings and models for planning and visualisation.
• Simulation Software: Used for performance analysis, including energy efficiency, structural integrity, and weather resistance.
Technological Aspects
Technological advancements play a crucial role in the evolution of façade and fenestration materials. Key technologies include:
Advanced materials
• Smart Glass: Can control the amount of light and heat passing through, improving energy efficiency.
• Photovoltaic Glass: Generates electricity, contributing to the building’s energy needs.
• Prefabrication: Speeds up construction and ensures quality control.
• Modular Construction: Facilitates quick assembly and integration of façade elements.
FIRE SAFETY ASPECTS
Fire safety is a critical consideration in façade design. Key elements include:
• Fire-Resistant Materials: Use of materials that can withstand high temperatures and prevent the spread of fire.
• Compartmentalisation: Design strategies to contain fires within specific sections of the building.
• Regulatory Compliance: Adherence to national and international fire safety standards.
The People Hotel, Dubai
Façade & Fenestration Materials – Market
ACOUSTICS
• Effective acoustic design in façades is essential for minimising external noise and enhancing indoor comfort. Key aspects include:
• Insulating Materials: Use of materials that provide sound insulation.
• Design Features: Incorporation of features like double or triple glazing and acoustic seals to reduce noise transmission.
• Performance Standards: Ensuring compliance with acoustic performance standards for buildings.
WEATHER TIGHTNESS
Weather tightness ensures that buildings are protected from external weather conditions. Key considerations include:
• Sealants and Gaskets: Use of high-quality sealants and gaskets to prevent water and air infiltration.
• Structural Design: Design strategies to manage rainwater runoff and prevent leaks.
• Testing and Standards: Adherence to weather tightness testing and standards to ensure performance.
CHALLENGES
Despite the promising growth, the market faces several challenges:
• High Costs: Advanced materials and technologies often come with high costs, posing a barrier to widespread adoption, especially in the residential sector.
• Skilled Labor Shortage: The installation of modern façade and fenestration systems requires skilled labour, which is in short supply in many parts of India.
• Regulatory Hurdles: Compliance with varying standards and enforcement across different states can be challenging.
EXPECTED MARKET GROWTH
The façade and fenestration materials market in India is expected to witness robust growth over the next decade. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 8-10% from 2024 to 2034, reaching a value of around USD 6-7 billion by 2034.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO FUTURE GROWTH
Smart City Projects: The government’s Smart City initiative aims to develop 100 smart cities across the country, driving the demand for modern façade and fenestration solutions. Rising Middle Class and Urban Population: The expanding middle class and urban population will increase the demand for residential and commercial spaces, boosting the market. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Increased FDI in the construction and real estate sectors will provide the necessary capital and technology transfer for market growth.
MANISH KUMAR
Director - Principal Façade Consultant, TDS Coetus Pvt. Ltd.
4. Technological Innovations: Continued advancements in materials science and construction technology will lead to more efficient and cost-effective solutions.
5. Sustainability Trends: Growing emphasis on sustainability will further drive the demand for eco-friendly and energy-efficient façade and fenestration materials.
SUMMARY
The façade and fenestration materials market in India is poised for substantial growth over the next decade. Driven by rapid urbanisation, increasing investments in infrastructure, and a growing emphasis on energy efficiency and sustainability, the market offers significant opportunities for both domestic and international players. However, addressing challenges such as high costs, skilled labour shortages, and regulatory compliance will be crucial for sustaining this growth.
To capitalise on the potential of this market, companies need to focus on innovation, quality, and sustainability. By developing advanced materials and solutions that meet the evolving needs of the Indian construction industry, businesses can secure a competitive edge in this dynamic market. Additionally, strategic partnerships and investments in skill development will be essential for overcoming the challenges and achieving long-term success.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Manish Kumar has 19 years of expertise in the field of façade engineering. As the Director - Principal Façade Consultant at TDS Coetus Pvt. Ltd, he has a proven track record of success in leading highperformance teams, driving strategic initiatives, and delivering results. A graduate in civil engineering, Manish is skilled in generating innovative ideas for design and project management. He is passionate about façade engineering & committed to achieving organisational goals. Prasad has led numerous highprofile Façade engineering projects in India, the Middle East, and Australia. He has successfully managed teams of architects, engineers, and contractors, ensuring timely project completion and quality results. His skills include façade engineering expertise, strategic planning and execution, project management, team leadership and motivation, and innovative thinking and problem-solving.
The Landmark, Jaipur
Glass & Glazing
The Modern Glass Envelope: A Balancing Act
In today’s architectural landscape, glass envelopes have become synonymous with modernity, elegance, and transparency. Buildings adorned with expansive glass façades exude a sense of openness and connectivity with the outside world. However, while these structures offer undeniable aesthetic appeal, they also pose significant challenges in regulating heat ingress, managing glare, and ensuring adequate thermal insulation. Addressing these challenges is crucial for creating comfortable, energy-efficient, and sustainable buildings.
The integration of glass in building façades requires a balanced approach to design, focusing on aesthetics, functionality, and sustainability. The primary design considerations include:
Heat Ingress Control: Managing solar heat gain is essential to maintain indoor thermal comfort and reduce cooling loads. This can be achieved through the use of high-performance glazing solutions, such as Low-E coatings and solar control glass, which reflect a significant portion of solar
radiation while allowing natural light to pass through.
Glare Reduction: Excessive glare can cause visual discomfort and affect occupant productivity. Solutions include the use of tinted glass, fritted glass, and strategic shading devices that diffuse incoming light and minimise glare.
Thermal Insulation: High-performance insulating glass units (IGUs) with multiple layers of glass and gas-filled cavities provide superior thermal insulation. This reduces heat transfer between the interior and exterior, enhancing energy efficiency.
TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FAÇADE DESIGN
Modern façade design leverages various technological advancements to enhance the performance of glass envelopes: Dynamic Glazing: Smart glass technologies, such as electrochromic and thermochromic glazing, adjust their properties in response to external
conditions, providing adaptive control over heat and light transmission
Photovoltaic Glass: Integrating photovoltaic cells into glass panels allows façades to generate renewable energy, contributing to the building’s sustainability goals.
ENSURING SAFETY AND COMFORT: BEYOND AESTHETICS
Modern glass façades must also meet stringent requirements for fire safety, acoustics, and weather tightness:
Fire Safety: Ensuring fire safety in buildings with glass façades involves careful selection and installation of fireresistant glass. This type of glass can withstand high temperatures and prevent the spread of fire, providing crucial protection for occupants and property. Acoustics: Glass façades must also address acoustic performance to mitigate external noise. Acoustic laminated glass, which incorporates a special interlayer, significantly reduces sound transmission, creating a quieter indoor environment.
Weather Tightness: Effective sealing and glazing techniques, along with highquality gaskets and sealants, ensure that glass façades remain impervious to air and water infiltration, maintaining structural integrity and indoor comfort.
The façade of the American Express - DLF project in Gurugram, India, spanning an impressive 20,000 sq m, displays innovative approaches and technologies that highlight our commitment to excellence in architectural glass. The project utilised SKN-765 DGU, heat soaked on both sides, and SKN-165 on the bottom jumbo panels, delivering exceptional light transmittance, high solar control, and outstanding energy efficiency.
TECHNOLOGICAL AND DESIGN ASPECTS
The project’s success lies in the strategic application of high-performance glass solutions that address key challenges such as heat ingress, glare, and thermal insulation. The selected materials, SKN-765 DGU and SKN-165 were chosen for their superior performance characteristics:
• SKN-765 DGU: This double-glazed unit (DGU) is heat-soaked on both sides, ensuring durability and uniform performance. It provides exceptional solar control, reducing heat ingress while maintaining high light transmittance. This results in a comfortable indoor environment with reduced reliance on artificial cooling.
• SKN-765: Used on the bottom jumbo panels, SKN-765 glass offers excellent clarity and light because of its neutral colour transmittance. Its large panel sizes ensure uninterrupted vistas, enhancing the visual appeal of the building and creating a seamless connection with the exterior environment.
KEY BENEFITS
Superior Solar Control: The combination of SKN-765 DGU and SKN-165 glass types ensures effective solar control, minimizing heat ingress and reducing the cooling load. This contributes significantly to the building’s energy efficiency and sustainability.
• Enhanced Aesthetics: The use of large, uninterrupted glass panels provides stunning clarity and breathtaking views, enhancing the building’s aesthetic appeal. The sleek, modern look of the glass façade aligns perfectly with the architectural vision of the project.
• Robust Performance: The weather-resistant properties of the
selected glass types ensure longterm durability and performance. These materials withstand harsh environmental conditions, maintaining their integrity and appearance over time.
• Comfort and Productivity: By reducing glare and controlling heat ingress, the glass solutions create a comfortable indoor environment. This enhances occupant comfort and productivity, making the space more conducive to work and collaboration.
CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
One of the primary challenges of this project was balancing the need for extensive natural light with the necessity to control solar heat gain. The solution was the strategic use of SKN-765 DGU and SKN-165 glass, which offer high light transmittance without compromising on solar control.
Additionally, the large panel sizes required precise engineering and installation techniques to ensure structural integrity and performance. The expertise in handling such high-performance materials was crucial in successfully overcoming these challenges.
CONCLUSION
This project is a testament to innovations and excellence in architectural glass. By incorporating cutting-edge glass glazing solutions, the American Express - DLF project exemplifies how modern glass façades can enhance aesthetic appeal, occupant comfort, and energy efficiency.
QUICK FACTS:
• Project: American ExpressDLF Project
• Location: Gurugram, India
• Client: DLF
• Architect: RSP
• Other consultants: BES
• Materials used: LOW E Double Insulated Glass
• Commencement date: January 2023
• Completion date: January 2024
Glass & Glazing
MOHAMMAD MOHIB KAMIL
Managing Partner, KAENAT Group
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
With a Bachelor’s Degree in Business, Management, Marketing, and Related Support Services from Brunel University London, Mohammad Mohib Kamil brings a wealth of knowledge and expertise to the company. With a robust background in business management, Mohammad has been instrumental in steering Kaenat Group Industries towards new heights of innovation and excellence. Under his guidance, the company has completed numerous high-profile projects, showcasing a commitment to quality and customer satisfaction. His strategic vision and commitment to excellence drive the company’s success in transforming modern building façades with functionality, elegance, and sustainability. His dedication to advancing the industry continues to inspire his team and clients alike.
1 million+
Façade Materials Façade Materials & Installation Technologies for a Better Interior Environment
As the architectural landscape continues to evolve, the significance of façade materials and installation technologies in enhancing interior environments cannot be overstated. The façade is the interface between the interior and the exterior of a building, playing a crucial role in aesthetics, energy efficiency, and occupant comfort. As we push towards more sustainable and efficient building practices, the choice of façade materials and the technologies employed in their installation has become more critical than ever.
THE VERSATILITY OF CLADDING MATERIALS
Cladding is an essential component of modern architecture, serving both functional and aesthetic purposes. It can be made from various materials, including stone, brick, UPVC, timber, metal, concrete, weatherboard, and glass. Each type of cladding offers unique benefits:
• Stone cladding: Provides a natural and timeless look, with excellent durability and weather resistance.
• Brick cladding: Offers a traditional
aesthetic with strong thermal and acoustic insulation properties.
• uPVC cladding: Lightweight, costeffective, and easy to maintain, ideal for residential projects.
• Timber cladding: Brings a warm, natural appearance & good insulation, but requires regular maintenance.
• Metal cladding: Durable, fire-resistant, and available in various finishes, suitable for contemporary designs.
• Concrete cladding: Provides excellent strength and thermal mass, with diverse design possibilities.
• Weatherboard cladding: Traditional and lightweight, often used in residential buildings.
• Glass cladding: Offers a sleek, modern look and enhances natural light penetration, critical for energy efficiency.
ADVANCEMENTS IN CLADDING TECHNOLOGY
The process of cladding involves bonding different materials, often achieved by combining two metals through a die and pressing them. This technology has advanced significantly, offering
more robust and reliable solutions. The future of cladding is set to be shaped by sustainability, digital technologies, and stringent safety regulations.
Sustainable Cladding Solutions
Sustainability is at the forefront of modern architectural practices. Environmentally friendly cladding materials, such as recyclable metals like copper, are gaining popularity. These materials can be recycled continuously without losing their properties, reducing environmental impact and enhancing the aesthetic value of projects.
One of the most innovative sustainable materials is low-carbon glass. Façades account for a significant portion of a building’s embodied carbon footprint, and the introduction of low-carbon glass can drastically reduce this impact. For example, ORAÉ®, the first low-carbon glass, contains 64% recycled content and has a significantly lower carbon footprint compared to conventional glass. This glass, combined with high-performance coatings, can enhance energy efficiency by improving daylight intake, solar control, and thermal insulation.
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Terminal, also known as Gwalior Airport
The Role of Digital Technologies
Digital tools, such as 3D modelling software, are revolutionising façade design and fabrication. These technologies allow architects and builders to create intricate designs and customise cladding solutions with greater flexibility. They enable precise material choices, colours, and textures, ensuring that projects not only meet functional requirements but also stand out aesthetically.
Safety and Compliance
In light of incidents like the Grenfell Tower fire, there is an increased focus on the safety of cladding materials. This has led to the development of innovative cladding connections and enhanced material performance to minimise fire risks. Staying updated with the building regulations and compliance standards are crucial for ensuring that cladding choices are safe and effective.
THE ADVANTAGES OF CLADDING
Cladding offers several benefits that enhance the interior environment of buildings:
• Improved insulation: Cladding can significantly improve a building’s thermal performance, reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling.
• Weather resistance: High-quality cladding materials protect the building from adverse weather conditions, prolonging its lifespan.
• Durability: Modern cladding materials are designed to withstand harsh environmental conditions, reducing maintenance costs.
• Aesthetic appeal: Cladding can transform the appearance of a building, providing a fresh and modern look.
• Noise control: Certain cladding materials offer excellent acoustic insulation, enhancing the comfort of the building’s occupants.
• Fire resistance: Depending on the materials used, cladding can increase the fire resistance of a building, enhancing safety.
FAÇADE SOLUTIONS FOR NET-ZERO ARCHITECTURE
Moving towards a sustainable future requires innovative strategies in façade design. According to the 2021 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction, almost 40% of carbon emissions come from the construction industry. Achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 necessitates the adoption of lowimpact architectural designs. Here are some façade solutions contributing to this goal:
Façade Materials
Low-Carbon Glass
Modern advancements have introduced low-carbon glass, such as ORAÉ®, which significantly reduces the embodied carbon footprint of buildings. This glass is already being used in projects like ‘Kalifornia’ in France and ‘Habitat 7’ in Sweden. By incorporating low-carbon glass with high-performance coatings, buildings can achieve substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions through improved daylight intake, solar control, and thermal insulation.
Low-Carbon Concrete
Concrete production is a major source of CO2 emissions. Innovations in lowcarbon concrete, utilising supplementary cementitious materials like Fly Ash, Slag, and calcined clay, can reduce the carbon footprint of concrete by up to 50%. Projects incorporating these materials contribute to a more sustainable construction industry.
Lightweight Materials
Lightweight materials, such as advanced drywall and insulation systems, offer a decarbonized approach to façade construction. These materials reduce resource waste and energy consumption, providing an energyefficient solution. For example, the renovation of the Cézanne Tower in France utilised lightweight façade solutions to increase living space and improve energy efficiency.
Innovations in Dynamic Façade Systems
One of the most exciting advancements in façade technology is the development of dynamic façade systems. These systems are designed to adapt to changing environmental conditions, thereby optimising energy efficiency and occupant comfort in real-time. Dynamic façades can include elements such as smart glass, which can alter its transparency in response to sunlight, or automated shading devices that adjust based on the time of day or weather conditions.
These technologies not only enhance the building’s performance by reducing
Glass cladding: Offers a sleek, modern look and enhances natural light penetration, critical for energy efficiency
Façade Materials
the need for artificial lighting and climate control but also contribute to the aesthetic dynamism of the structure. Projects like the Al Bahar Towers in Abu Dhabi, with their responsive façade that adjusts to minimise solar gain, exemplify how integrating dynamic systems can lead to innovative and sustainable architectural solutions. As these technologies continue to evolve,
Case Study - 1
Gwalior Airport
they offer architects and designers new opportunities to create buildings that are both visually striking and environmentally responsible.
CONCLUSION
The future of façade materials and installation technologies lies in the integration of sustainability, digital innovation, and safety. By embracing
Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
DESIGN CONCEPT
The newly inaugurated Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Airport in Gwalior, designed by Creative Group LLP is a testament to visionary design that marries the rich heritage of Gwalior with contemporary architecture. The terminal’s design draws inspiration from the iconic Gwalior Fort, incorporating elements like the Burj and Sunray motifs into a modern framework. This blend of traditional and modern elements creates a unique and inviting airport experience.
Façade and Fenestration Design:
The façade of Gwalior Airport is a celebration of Gwalior’s cultural heritage. It features:
these advancements, architects and builders can create buildings that are not only aesthetically pleasing and comfortable for occupants but also environmentally responsible and safe. As the industry continues to evolve, staying informed and adaptable will be key to achieving better interior environments through superior façade solutions.
• Geometric Patterns: Inspired by palace inlay designs, these patterns give the terminal a distinctive look that honours the city’s architectural legacy.
• Scandinavian Architectural Principles: The design emphasizes simplicity, comfort, and sustainability, with natural materials, neutral hues, and clean lines.
• Chandern Patterns and Jali Art: These traditional motifs are seamlessly integrated into the modern design, creating a harmonious blend of past and present.
Technical Details:
The terminal building covers an area of 20,000 square meters and incorporates sustainable features such as solar panels, rainwater harvesting systems, and energy-
Integrating traditional elements into a contemporary form - Airport in Gwalior
The terminal’s design draws inspiration from the iconic Gwalior Fort, incorporating elements like the Burj and Sunray motifs into a modern framework
Façade Materials
efficient lighting. These eco-friendly design elements significantly reduce the airport’s carbon footprint and set a new standard for sustainable infrastructure. The terminal is equipped with spacious waiting areas, premium lounges, and cutting-edge security systems, ensuring a seamless travel experience.
Key features of the project include:
• Sustainable Design: Solar panels, rainwater harvesting, and energy-efficient lighting reduce environmental impact.
• State-of-the-Art Facilities: Modern amenities ensure passenger comfort and convenience.
• Iconic Landmarks: Statues and sculptures within the airport pay homage to Gwalior’s rich cultural heritage.
Rajkot Airport
Rajkot, Gujarat, India
DESIGN CONCEPT
The new greenfield airport in Rajkot, designed by Creative Group LLP, is an architectural blend of traditional heritage and modern design. The terminal’s façade
greenfield airport
design is inspired by the existing palaces of Rajkot, such as the Ranjit Vilas Palace, integrating traditional elements into a contemporary form. The façade features an outer skin of traditional jalis, which
serve the dual purpose of aesthetic appeal and minimising heat gain within the building. This innovative approach ensures a sustainable design that reduces the dependency on artificial cooling systems.
The terminal’s interior showcases the traditional jalis, arches, and panel work
The
in Rajkot, designed by Creative Group LLP
Façade Materials
Façade and Fenestration Design
The terminal’s façade showcases various local art forms, including the dynamic portrayal of the dandiya dance through its external design and splendid interiors. The exterior panel work at the drop-off area of the city-side kerb is inspired by Rajkot’s famous golden jewellery and filigree work, adding a layer of cultural significance and visual interest.
Key features of the façade include:
• Stone jalis: These traditional perforated panels reduce heat gain while maintaining airflow, creating a comfortable interior environment.
• Semi-circular and pointed arches: These elements add to the aesthetic richness and historical reference of the building, reminiscent of Rajkot’s architectural heritage.
• Horizontal louvres and vertical jalis: Strategically placed to reduce heat intake, these features enhance energy
efficiency by optimising natural light and reducing the need for artificial cooling.
Technical Details
The terminal is equipped with state-ofthe-art passenger facilities, including four boarding bridges, three conveyor belts, and 20 check-in counters. The 3,040-meter-long runway is capable of accommodating Airbus 321 aircraft, and the apron can park 14 planes. Modern firefighting and fire alarm systems ensure safety and operational efficiency. The city-side area is designed to handle the growing population and air traffic efficiently, positioning Rajkot as a significant transportation hub.
These case studies highlight the innovative façade and fenestration designs that enhance the interior environment while reflecting the cultural heritage and modern needs of Rajkot and Gwalior airports.
AR. GURPREET S. SHAH
Principal Architect and Urban Designer, Creative Group LLP
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Ar. Gurpreet Singh Shah, Principal Architect and Urban Designer at Creative Group LLP, New Delhi, is a distinguished architect, planner, and infrastructure expert with over a decade of international and local experience in architecture and urban design. Renowned for his visionary approach to sustainable infrastructure, Mr. Shah has led his firm to win several prestigious national and international design competitions. His notable projects include the modernization of Chennai Airport, and design competitions for airport terminals at Vadodara, Raipur, Goa, and the Kartarpur Landport Terminal. His work reflects a commitment to sustainability, simplicity, and boldness, earning accolades and extensive media coverage. His leadership in sustainable design continues to shape India’s architectural landscape, making him a prominent figure in the industry.
Innovative façade and fenestration designs at the greenfield airport in Rajkot
An architectural blend of traditional heritage and modern design
Kaenat Glass Industries: A Legacy of Excellence & Innovation in Glass Processing Brand Watch
Kaenat Glass Industries, established in 1990 in the RIICO Industrial area of Bhiwadi, Rajasthan, has emerged as a pioneer in the glass processing industry. Known for its unwavering commitment to quality, exceptional service, and prompt delivery, Kaenat has carved a niche in the market, providing top-tier products to a wide range of clients. The company’s advanced facility boasts cutting-edge technology, including a PVB lamination line, three double insulating lines with automatic sealant robots, two tempering plants, and automatic jumbo CNC cutting machines, ensuring precision and efficiency in every product.
The legacy of Kaenat Glass Industries is deeply rooted in history, tracing back to the 1890s when Moula Baksh Abdul Ghani founded a small glass shop in Fatehpuri, Delhi-6. His impressive collection of imported Belgian glass quickly gained popularity among Delhi’s elite, establishing a reputation for honesty and quality. This tradition was continued by H. H. Rehmat Elahi, who expanded the business in Sadar Bazaar, Delhi, and instilled a strong sense of integrity and devotion in his heir, S. M. Kamil. After graduating in 1948, Mr. Kamil dedicated himself to growing the business and maintaining the high standards set by his forefathers.
In 1982, Farhat Kamil, son of S. M. Kamil, founded Kaenat Glass Industries with a passion for glass and architecture. Today, the fifth generation, represented by Mr. Mohib Kamil and Mr. Ali Kamil, continues to uphold this legacy. They bring modern perspectives to the business while adhering to the values of honesty and dedication passed down through generations. Their goal is to overcome contemporary challenges while maintaining the family’s esteemed traditions.
Kaenat Glass Industries produces a wide range of architectural glass, including clear,
toughened, insulated, laminated, reflective, tinted, and high-performance Low-E glass. Each product undergoes rigorous testing to ensure superior quality. The company prides itself on exceeding customer expectations, emphasizing safety, continuous improvement, and customer delight as its top priorities.
In its quest to “make the world glassy,” Kaenat Glass Industries remains dedicated to providing the best products in the glass industry. Their commitment to quality, service, value, and honesty has not only sustained their legacy for over a hundred years but also positioned them as a trusted name in the industry, capable of adapting and thriving through significant historical milestones, from world wars to the modern era.
“Kaenat Group Expands: Unveiling Our State-of-the-Art 6000 sqm Kaharani Facility!”
Our larger unit, located in Kaharani, Bhiwadi spans 6000 sqm. This facility boasts extensive capabilities and highcapacity production lines, enabling us to undertake large-scale projects with ease. The Kaharani unit is a hub of innovation and efficiency, housing the latest in glass manufacturing technology with European machineries. Here, we focus on producing high-quality, customized glass solutions that meet the specific needs of our clients.
For more details on the product, contact:
Kaenat Glass Industries
Website: www.kaenatglassindia.in
Email:Sales@kaenatglass.com
Phone: +91 99833 99946
MOHAMMAD MOHIB KAMIL Managing Partner, Kaenat Glass Industries
A Farhat Kamil Group
Kaenat Glass Industries
A Legacy of Excellence and Innovation in Glass Processing
Kaenat is a glass processing and consulting company. We provide a large variety of glass ranging from toughened glass, Laminated glass, Insulated glass & decorative glass. With extensive glass knowledge and dedicated craftsmen, Kaenat guarantees highly skillful service and attention to detail to satisfy customer needs, utilizing the latest technologies and prioritizing customer care. Kaenat works towards producing the highest quality products at competitive rates.
Alfen: Driving Progress Through Innovation and Customer-Centric Expertise
In today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape, staying ahead requires more than just creating superior products. It demands a commitment to innovation, continuous improvement, and an unwavering focus on customer needs. Alfen embodies these principles, turning challenges into opportunities and learning from every project to enhance their offerings. Alfen is not just selling products; they are delivering expertise.
COMMITMENT TO CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
Alfen’s journey is characterized by a relentless pursuit of excellence. Each project undertaken is a stepping stone, providing invaluable insights that fuel further innovation. Alfen’s commitment to learning from earlier projects is a testament to their dedication to continuous improvement. Whether it’s the refinement of existing products or the development of new ones. This iterative process ensures that every new product is better than its predecessor, addressing previous limitations and incorporating the latest technological advancements.
CUSTOMER-CENTRIC APPROACH
At the heart of Alfen’s strategy is a deep understanding of their customers’ needs and experiences. Recognizing that a product’s success hinges on user satisfaction, Alfen places significant emphasis on customer feedback. This customer-centric approach is reflected in the design, functionality, and support of their products. Alfen goes beyond merely meeting expectations; they strive to exceed them by providing solutions tailored to the specific requirements of their clients.
EXPERTISE OVER PRODUCTS
The essence of Alfen lies in their expertise. Alfen is not just a provider of fenestration solutions; they are a partner in progress. Their deep industry knowledge and technical proficiency set them apart. Alfen’s team of experts works closely
with clients to understand their unique challenges and deliver customized solutions. This collaborative approach ensures that clients receive not just a product, but a comprehensive solution that addresses their specific needs.
ENHANCING CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE
Alfen’s dedication to customer experience extends beyond the initial sale. Comprehensive support and service are integral to their offerings. From design to maintenance, Alfen ensures that clients receive unparalleled support, maximizing the efficiency and longevity of their solutions. This commitment to customer service reinforces Alfen’s reputation as a trusted partner in the Fenestration sector
Alfen’s story is one of relentless innovation, continuous improvement, and a profound commitment to customer satisfaction. By learning from each project and prioritizing customer needs, Alfen has emerged itself as a key player in the fenestration solutions market. They are not just selling products; they are delivering expertise and forging lasting partnerships. In an industry where progress is paramount, Alfen stands out as a beacon of excellence, driving the future of energy solutions with a customer-centric approach.
For more details on the product, contact:
Email: sales@alfen.in
Contact: +91 99283 66665
Website: www.alfen.in
Alstone Arch Club: Shining the Spotlight on Architectural Titans
Alstone’s recently launched ‘Alstone Arch Club’ campaign is witnessing widespread traction and enjoying unprecedented popularity among the architect community. Curated by Alstone - the market leader in Metal Composite Panels (MCP) in India, known for industry innovations and trusted by architects, builders, and façade consultants - the Alstone Arch Club ultimately aims to be a mirror, reflecting the journey and rite of passage of prominent architects. This initiative provides a wider platform for experts in architecture and façade consultancy by promoting innovation, design, and collaboration. It is designed to create and appreciate virtuoso buildings and urban landmarks.
As part of its ongoing initiative to amplify the voices of the often less-celebrated architectural community, Alstone has already curated a series of digital dialogues spotlighting distinguished Indian architects. The inaugural phase features notable architects such as Ar. Sanjiv Tandon, Prof. Charanjit Singh Shah, Ar. Mala Mohan, Ar. Nitin Gupta, Ar.
Meghna Srivastava, Ar. Srilata Ramkumar, Ar. Yogesh Tantia, and Ar. Ravindra Kumar. These interviews delve into their professional journeys, signature projects, personal favourites, upcoming ventures, aspirations, and challenges. Through these conversations, the campaign sheds light on the diverse experiences and perspectives that shape the architectural landscape in India.
Commenting on the occasion, Sumit Gupta, MD of Alstone, said, “Architects are the visionaries who shape our world, and they are indispensable for Alstone India. Their creative insights and expertise are the reason and encouragement behind our cladding products and construction solutions. The Alstone Arch Club stands as a testament to our unwavering dedication to nurturing and celebrating architects’ creativity. Together, we’ll embark on a journey where innovation partners with craftsmanship and imagination to create architectural marvels.”
In line with this spirit of innovation, Alstone’s versatile material, Alcomb – Aluminium Honeycomb Panel, is
gaining traction among several of the Alstone Arch Club members and the wider community for its innovative and futuristic exterior cladding possibilities. Several architects, while sharing their career journeys, have mentioned Alcomb as a unique material that offers architects and façade consultants the freedom to create neo-modernistic structures. This material combines cuttingedge design and advanced materials to ensure a sleek, future-ready component of built-up structures. Alcomb stands as a testament to Alstone’s commitment to providing high-quality, innovative solutions that empower architects to bring their visionary designs to life.
Here’s wishing the Alstone Arch Club more power, popularity, and visibility in the times ahead. This initiative not only celebrates the architectural community but also inspires future generations of architects to push the boundaries of design and innovation. By continuing to spotlight the achievements and insights of leading architects, the Alstone Arch Club will undoubtedly leave an indelible mark on the architectural community and the built environment.
For more details on the product, contact: Alstone Manufacturing Pvt. Ltd. 15th Floor, Vijaya Building, Barakhamba Road, Connaught Place, New Delhi - 110001, India
Kinlong GTI Mechatronic Window Control System Company Limited has the ability of R&D, Production and Marketing of automatic window and door system, Kinlong GTI offers an extensive range of products including intelligent window control system, Electric window actuator, Pneumatic window controller, Manual window actuator and sun shading system.
Kinlong GTI has established system of R&D, Product testing and quality control units. All material and components must pass the process of quality standard verification. Kinlong GTI has two production facilities in Mainland China and Hong Kong.
QUALITY ASSURANCE & CERTIFICATION STANDARDS
Kinlong GTI is on of the leading brands in automatic window system
market, driven by the continuation of innovation, Quality management and advanced production. Kinlong GTI has been certified by many international standard institutions. Certificate and qualifications are as follow:
CE certificate; Certificate of Annex G(Test Method for heat exposure) from the BS EN12101-2:2003 Smoke and heat control systems; ISO9001:2008 certificate from UKAS quality management system certification (mutually recognized by HOKLAS); CCC Certificate of China; Certified & accredited by CNAS; Certified by CMA; Certified for the test of fixed fire fighting system and fire resisting building components.
Kinlong GTI products can fully utilize its high quality and advance technology to provide the best window automation
solution to customers. “Only Professional Delivers Differentiated value. Speculation Has No Future”. Kinlong GTI believes that its quality products synergy with strong sales network and management systems of Kinlong Definitely boosts brand and enlarge its market share.
Customer satisfaction is most important to us. Kinlong GTI definitely embraces to satisfy our customers with products of innovative technology,excellence quality and effective service.
DIFFERENT TYPOLOGIES OF WINDOW CONTROL SYSTEMS
1. Smoke Ventilation System(Pneumatic & Electric); 2. Sun Shading System; 3. Manual operating System
Business Development & Product Head, Kinlong India
+91-9108990181
SHIVAM SHARMA
Ozone’s Adaptable & Practical Hardware Solutions
Imagine crafting a state-of-theart shower enclosure but lacking the right hardware to achieve that modern, minimalist touch. Or designing lavish hotel spaces without the necessary security solutions to meet client expectations. Today, architects, interior designers, and builders often struggle to find hardware that is durable, compatible, easy to install and maintain.
The market is flooded with lowquality products, tempting many to purchase items that ultimately fall short of their needs. Ozone Overseas, however, is dedicated to providing practical and adaptable solutions for these professionals. Established in 1999 by CEO & Managing Director Alok Aggarwal, Ozone has spent decades researching and understanding market needs to deliver holistic hardware and security solutions.
By identifying pain points in the architectural hardware industry, Ozone has built a product line that addresses these challenges, establishing itself as a market leader. The brand now offers a diverse portfolio of over 5,000 products,
providing industry-standard solutions. Ozone has penetrated Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 markets by focusing on colors, finishes, and customisation, becoming a trusted name across various regions.
Ozone’s success is rooted in several key factors. The brand emphasises simplicity and practicality in its designs, ensuring products are user-friendly and adaptable to real-world requirements. This approach effectively addresses common market challenges. Additionally, Ozone offers a well-curated product range that meets the diverse needs of architects, interior designers, fabricators, and carpenters. Their solutions cover critical infrastructure areas such as glass fittings, railings, shower enclosures, and security solutions, allowing professionals to tackle various tasks efficiently and save time and effort.
Recognising that clients often require tailored solutions, Ozone provides customised products for shower enclosures, glass partition systems, glass railing systems, and kitchen & furniture fittings. This flexibility allows customers to address unique hardware and construction challenges, enhancing the practicality and adaptability of the brand’s offerings. Moreover, Ozone actively collaborates with architects, designers, and builders, seeking feedback to stay ahead of trends and meet evolving needs. This commitment to innovation ensures the brand remains at the forefront of the industry.
In summary, Ozone supports the architectural hardware and security solutions industry through thoughtful product design, a versatile product range, cutting-edge technologies, customisation options, and continuous quality improvements. These efforts optimise workflows, increase productivity, and create safer, more efficient solutions.
Sudhakar Group: A Legacy of Innovation and Industrial Excellence
The Sudhakar Group, headquartered in Suryapet, Telangana, is a distinguished business conglomerate with over five decades of industrial excellence. As the pioneer of PVC extrusion in southern India, the Group inaugurated its first manufacturing facility in 1971. Today, with nine state-of-the-art manufacturing plants nationwide, Sudhakar Group remains a pivotal player in the industry.
Sudhakar Pipes and Fittings, the Group’s flagship entity, is a leading manufacturer of PVC and HDPE pipes in India. With enhanced production capacities, the company meets robust domestic demand and exports premium products internationally, reflecting its commitment to quality and innovation. The Group’s impressive portfolio includes numerous high-profile projects for State and Central Government entities, reinforcing its reputation for reliability and excellence.
In 2017, Sudhakar Group expanded into the wires and cables market, establishing a cutting-edge manufacturing facility in Hyderabad, Telangana. This plant, equipped with a state-of-the-art testing laboratory, ensures the highest quality standards. Sudhakar Wires and Cables quickly gained a strong presence across Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Odisha, with plans to expand further. The introduction of India’s first Triple C Cable, known for higher current carrying capacity, reduced conductor resistance, and
superior compactness and circularity, has set new industry benchmarks.
Diversifying further, the Group ventured into the uPVC windows and doors sector in 2014, launching a dedicated uPVC extrusion unit in 2017. Utilising advanced European technologies, the Group produces high-quality uPVC profiles. A robust network of dealers and fabricators has established Sudhakar uPVC Profiles in southern and eastern India, with ongoing initiatives to extend its reach nationwide.
The Sudhakar Group’s legacy of innovation and excellence drives its industry leadership. Its strategic expansions, technological advancements, and unwavering dedication to quality underscore its mission to remain at the forefront of the manufacturing sector, both in India and globally.
Head Office cum Application Centre: 28/01/8, Site IV, Sahibabad Industrial Area, Ghaziabad (UP) - 201005
For Sales: West: 8929070625/9311600436
North: 8929070621/9999697732
East: 9319623434
Karnataka: 9999697660
Tamil Nadu & Kerela: 8929070623
Andhra & Secunderabad: 8929070624
Customer
8929701016
Timeless Designs Focusing on Contextuality, Sustainability & the Human Scale
PROF. CHRISTOPHER
CHARLES BENNINGER
Master Architect and Planner, Founder, CCBA Designs
Prof. Christopher Benninger, a luminary in the realm of architecture, has left an indelible mark on modern Indian architecture. With a master’s degree in architecture from Harvard and another in city planning from MIT, he came to India to establish the School of Planning at CEPT University in 1971. Later, he founded the Centre for Development Studies and Activities, at Pune University in 1976. His architectural practice, CCBA Designs has produced over 300 projects over five decades and across diverse typologies spanning institutional, residential, industrial, health care, and master planning. His designs for over twenty institutions, including IIT Hyderabad, IIM Calcutta, and Azim Premji University, exemplify
a commitment to sustainability and human-centric creations. His planning expertise extends globally, contributing to projects for international organisations in India, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia, Kenya and Zambia.
In addition to his architectural achievements, Benninger is a prolific author, with notable works including ‘Letters to A Young Architect’ and ‘Architecture for a Modern India’. “His theory, ‘Principles of Intelligent Urbanism,’ aimed at creating sustainable cities, is taught worldwide. Internationally recognised for his contributions to shaping the built environment, Ar. Benninger has garnered numerous awards, including
the prestigious Great Master Architect Award and other multiple lifetime achievement awards including an Honorary Doctorate in Architecture bestowed upon him by CEPT University. His most recent accolade includes the prestigious Baburao Mhatre Gold Medal 2024 by IIA, highlighting his enduring influence in the architectural field.
WFM Media had a wonderful opportunity to interact with the stalwart architect Prof. Christopher Charles Benninger. He spoke about his journey as an architect in India, a few turning points in his career, a few of his iconic creations, his take on sustainable practice in architecture today, his vision for future buildings and more. Here are the excerpts from his interview.
The Samundra Institute of Maritime Studies (SIMS), Lonavala
Face to Face
Could you tell us about your educational background, your architectural firm CCBA and your experiences?
I graduated from Harvard University with a Master’s degree in Architecture. From there, I went on to do a Masters in City Planning from MIT. In 1971, on the invitation of B.V. Doshi and a Fullbright Fellowship, I came to India to establish the School of Planning in Ahmedabad and since then have made this country my home. It has been my great fortune to come across luminaries who have inspired and motivated me throughout my life. They have played a crucial role in who I am today.
My home and studio, ‘India House’ is much more than just an architecture studio. It is a cultural hub that is supported by an extremely talented and experienced team. As an intellectual design house, we seek to bring out the poetry in the place, the lyricism in the built forms, and the vibrancy in the inhabitants’ lives. We endeavour to create environments, ambiences, and milieus that enrich our clients’ lives and make living a meaningful experience.
For the past five decades, we at CCBA Designs have produced over 300 projects across diverse typologies spanning institutional, residential, industrial, health care and master planning. We have been providing comprehensive architecture, urban design and master planning services with our human-centric designs overseas as well.
What inspired you to pursue a career in architecture and design?
My journey began with ‘The Natural House’, a book by Frank Llyod Wright, gifted to me by my aunt, on Christmas day in 1956. When I turned the last page, I knew I was destined to be an architect. I gained my first insight into the nature of my life’s meaning and search. After all these years, I am still reading it in my soul, discovering and searching for what inspired me on that Christmas day over seventy years ago!
What type of projects do you specialise in?
Initially, I started with small-scale residential and institutional projects like the Alliance Française in Ahmedabad and the Bhanuben Parekh House in Bhavnagar. Slowly, the scale of
projects grew. Now our immense body of work ranges from master planning of international cities and new towns to housing developments and complexes, hotels, resorts, educational and institutional campuses, corporate headquarters and healthcare projects.
We have designed campuses and buildings for over twenty universities including the Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Azim Premji University in Bengaluru, the New Academic Block in CEPT University in Ahmedabad and Bajaj Institute of Technology among others. We have also designed industrial spaces with the Forbes Marshall group, and a clinic for mentally challenged children. The Suzlon One Earth Global Corporate Headquarters has became globally known for its zero energy consumption. It is platinum LEED certified and has a Griha five-star green certification.
Presently, we are working on the National Capital Complex in Burundi, Central Africa and a Brain Research Centre in Shanghai, China. Our primary focus has always been on contextuality, sustainability and the human scale. Our designs yearn for timelessness.
India House - CCBA Designs Studio
Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta
Tell us about some turning points in your career.
I came to India in 1971 to establish the School of Planning at CEPT University in Ahmedabad. Back then I wasn’t even sure that the country would eventually become my home. The decision to work in Ahmedabad turned out to be a crucial one in my life as I got to meet and work with masters such as B.V. Doshi, Anant Raje and Hasmukh Patel among others. To be given the opportunity to contribute to a landscape with immense possibilities, filled me with a sense of purpose. I think my life has always been energised by the ‘search for the unknown’. Later on, I moved to Pune and co-founded the Centre for Development Studies and Activities (an institute of research and planning studies) in 1976.
I had a keen interest in low-cost housing early on in my career and even my thesis while studying at Harvard was on ‘selfhelp housing’ in Medellin in Columbia, South America. These early interests and studies helped me pave the way while constructing India’s first economically weaker section housing scheme by HUDCO at Jamnagar in 1972. 15,000 ‘site and services self-help housing units’ in Chennai was funded by the World Bank which was later adopted as the international model. My ten principles of intelligent urbanism were extensively
used for our work in Bhutan. We designed the Royal Supreme Court and employed multiple planning strategies for the country, all of which exposed me to new learnings and new ways of living.
My focus has always been on the common man and ways to resolve his needs. It is in the quest for the same that I have dedicated my career to propelling the idea of sustainable architecture for the masses. And by sustainability, I mean through nature and not through rating systems.
What is your take on sustainable practice in architecture today?
Put simply, sustainable design is sensitive design. A sensitive design is one where the local context and the climate become the driving forces of your design. A campus cannot be a cluster of buildings on parcels of land. A building cannot just have a nice façade and an exciting section. Buildings must have ecosystems where nature thrives, and people are nurtured.
While the concepts of sustainability and green design have been around for a while, these terms are finally coming into the mainstream conversation. It is essential to not be carried away by sustainability ‘metrics’ or ‘standards’, but instead create spaces which are sensitive to the climate. We as architects need to focus on designing buildings which are pleasant to inhabit while at the same time
are energy efficient. Sustainability must be created through design. The orientation of walls, roof coverage and openings must all address the sun, rain and winds. These are not issues of style or fancy, but facts of the environment.
While designing the Suzlon One Earth Global Corporate Headquarters in Pune, we extensively employed non-toxic and recycled materials. Water, energy, air, sewerage and trash are all sustainably managed on-site. Another project of ours at the YMCA, Pune is a burrowed structure within the natural hill slopes so that the internal areas are insulated from the harsh summer heat. Sustainability is not just a trend but a way of life!
Please brief on the things to consider while designing the most sustainable façades and fenestrations, and their designs.
I believe contextuality to be the most important factor while designing. The materials you select, need to be contextually sensitive. This is paramount as
IIT Hyderabad - Staff Housing
IIT Hyderabad - Lecture hall
Mahindra United World College, Mulshi, India
Face to Face
it will naturally minimise heat gain in hot climates and heat loss in cooler climates. Using shading devices such as louvres, and high-performance glazing to reduce solar heat gain while maximising natural light are some of the methods we use.
Our project, Kochi Refineries Headquarters in Kochi adopts a strategic fenestration design in the form of louvres. The structure was built back in 2002 and was designed around the concept of energy efficiency. The building is a glass cylinder, set inside a shading jaali tube which helped in cutting down heat while illuminating the interiors and saving energy! I believe designing sustainable façades and fenestrations requires a holistic approach that integrates advanced materials, climate-responsive design, and energy-efficient technologies.
Tell us about some of your challenging projects with respect to façade design and installation.
One of my most challenging projects in terms of façade design and installation has been the Samundra Maritime Institute in Lonavala . This project sets the benchmark in the realm of ecologically conscious architecture. We have used façades in the form of energy walls that are composed of a matrix of transparent and opaque photovoltaic cells. The wavy wall of the administration building has a photovoltaic façade that generates thirty kilowatts of electricity! This energy wall is employed in the
other buildings on the campus as well. They allow for the natural light to filter into the interiors while blocking the heat, mimicking traditional Indian ‘ jaalis ’. This unique design element integrates sustainable technology into the overall aesthetics of the campus. Another significant project was the Suzlon One Earth Global Corporate Headquarters campus in Pune , where we focused on creating a net-zero energy building. Here, high-performance glazing
and strategic shading devices were employed to reduce cooling loads significantly.
Please throw some light on a few of your milestone projects.
Integration with the environment and using architecture as a social tool, a tool for change, has been a design theme in all our work. I would like to start with a very special project, ‘The Mahindra United World College of India’. Here the spatial planning adopted the Ten Principles of Intelligent Urbanism and integrated the built and natural landscape. The design encourages interaction and communal living and uses shading devices and deep overhangs to reduce solar gain. Our work in Bhutan required us to have a deep respect and understanding of the local cultural and environmental context. We ensured that our designs were culturally sensitive and environmentally sustainable. Hence we derived a design that celebrated local traditions and paid tribute to Bhutan’s heritage.
With the ‘ Suzlon One Earth Global Corporate Headquarters ’ in Pune, we aimed to create work environments that reduced energy consumption and utilised renewable energy sources. The campus harnesses wind, solar, and hybrid energy systems. It also includes
Kochi Refineries Headquarters, Kochi
Solar panels on the walls of Samundra Institute of Maritime Studies, Lonavala
Samundra Institute of Maritime Studies, Lonavala by CCBA Designs
Face to Face
water recycling, natural lighting, and green roofing, creating a holistic and health-promoting environment for employees. The façade featured highperformance glazing and photovoltaic panels integrated into the building envelope to generate renewable energy. We also incorporated green walls and other shading devices to enhance energy efficiency and indoor comfort.
As a renowned institution builder, could you tell us about your upcoming project in Bengaluru, Azim Premji University?
The project is located on the outskirts of Bengaluru and is designed for the Azim Premji Foundation. The design sets out to redefine the educational landscape of the country and is an integral component of a national strategy for improving education in India. To realize this vision several design principles were integrated, resulting in a holistic built environment that reinforces educational excellence reflected through its architecture.
The planning is spread across an 89acre site with modules ranging from academic and residential buildings, lecture halls, laboratories, a welcome centre, a library and pockets of
recreational spaces. The planning of the campus adopts a mix of linear and organic compositions. Its spatial layout will house a footfall of 20,000 students of which 16,000 will be residential students along with their teaching, research and supporting staff. A hierarchy of social spaces facilitates various kinds of idea exchanges, from one-on-one discussions to group debates, lectures and drama. This helps foster informal learning spaces that complement and amplify the formal spaces. The campus also houses the world’s tallest 40-storey student hostel building.
What is the future of Indian Architecture?
The future of Indian Architecture will find its roots in more inclusive, more efficient & democratic urban structures, centred on pedestrianising urban systems, integrating strolling spaces and pedestrian corridors into the nodes of mass transit arteries, functional water supply, storm drainage, energy sharing, sewerage management and solid waste management, while celebrating nature, integrated within these new forms of urban fabric.
Architecture will be more closely linked to planning natural ecosystems, biosensitive parks and water bodies, where it will find its roots. Building fabrics will grow out of these organic living systems, rather than sustainability being an “add on” or a new less toxic set of specifications. Instead of star architects, we will have true professionals who work for communities.
What is your advice to young and upcoming architects?
Well, I have written a book on it, Letters to a Young Architect! The greatest gift we can give a student is the knowledge that they will always be students. To always be a student of life, in search of good teachers and to walk starry-eyed under the continuous spell of curiosity.
Suzlon One Earth Global Corporate Headquarters, Pune – Interior & exterior views
Azim Premji University, Bengaluru - Arial view of Campus
Face to Face
The Symbolic Endeavour
New Academic Block, CEPT University, Ahmedabad
Located adjacent to the School of Architecture, the new block is designed to reinforce the cultural continuity of the existing campus’ architectural language and consists of rectangular juxtaposed volumes containing three components:
• The Foundation Center
• The Lecture Hall
• The Kund
The new block fosters a sense of physical and visual connectivity with the iconic grass hillock and School of Architecture next door. The Foundation Centre and the Lecture Hall are perched in an L-shaped layout on the site and envelope the Kund that ties the two together by harbouring a new activity hub for the campus.
THE FOUNDATION CENTER
The Foundation Center is a doublestorey structure that continues the play of open-plan layouts of the existing campus. Designed to house six studios and six classrooms that accommodate around 300 students, the design follows the celebrated material
palette of exposed bricks and concrete, synonymous with the identity of the campus and the architectural language of modern Ahmedabad. Two staircases at either end of the structure lead to the Foundation Studios upstairs. They are set
deep inside the volumes to tackle the harsh Ahmedabad heat and open up to balconies that frame the façade of the building.
The spatial functionality of the studios adopts a similar open layout borrowed from its sister building, the School of Architecture by B. V. Doshi. Reflecting the traditional architectural heritage of the city, exposed concrete jack arches are incorporated and flanked by skylights on
either side to improve the natural lighting. Frosted glass flooring is used in the passageways to increase light filtration through the volumes.
THE LECTURE HALL: AN AUDITORIUM
The Lecture Hall is a single-storey structure with a capacity to accommodate 450 students. Its warm interiors are further heightened by its wooden furnishings which were conceptualised and designed by Ismet Khambatta’s, ‘The Design Workshop’. The use of coloured glass for its boxy openings creates a colourful chiaroscuro effect in the backdrop.
THE KUND: A HUB FOR ACTIVITIES
The Kund is an open-air amphitheatre and student activity centre. It takes on a dual role of function through careful space planning by primarily functioning as a gathering space for students year-round while quietly transforming into a rain-water pit during heavy monsoon, mimicking traditional Amdavadi step wells. The water from the whole campus is drained here and is used for ground-water recharge later, thus making the design intervention adapt to the seasonal changes of the city.
The new academic block fosters a sense of physical and visual connectivity with the iconic grass hillock
The design follows the material palette of exposed bricks and concrete
Exposed concrete jack arches are incorporated and flanked by skylights on either side to improve the natural lighting
Face to Face
THE MURALS: AN ARTISTIC EXPRESSION
For Prof. Benninger, murals play a very important role. The new academic block features a large number of murals cast in situ on its concrete ceilings. These act as personalised notes given by the architect himself to the young students, to foster an ever-growing curiosity to learn and observe from one’s surroundings. Some of them include Le Corbusier’s famous ‘Modulor Man’, and Benninger’s own ‘Principles of Intelligent Urbanism’. The Modulor Man is a human figure synthesising a universal system of proportions, while the Principles of Intelligent Urbanism is a theory composed of a set of ten axioms intended
to guide the formulation of city plans and urban designs.
The building borrows materiality, scope, and expression from the site and builds upon the environs to create a masterpiece that would not only blend with the fabric but complement the aesthetic and legacy of the campus.
Quick Facts:
• Project: New Academic Block, CEPT University
• Location: Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
• Client: CEPT University
• Principal architect: Prof. Christopher Benninger
• Structural design: N. K. Shah Consulting Engineers LLP.
• Built-up area: 5,000 Square Meters
• Completion date: 2022
• Text credits: Venessa Thomas
• Photos: Ashish Bhonde and Ramprasad Akkisetti
Forbes Marshall Corporate Headquarters
The Forbes Marshall factory in Kasarwadi has seen haphazard incremental growth since the late 50’s. Reacting to the changing needs, the facility had added four new built zones to the initial structure over the years. This resulted in a collaged building with varying spans, heights, and construction materials: with RCC columns and sheet metal roofs in some parts and load-bearing walls and concrete slabs in others.
In 2021, the client approached with a vision to convert this building into a modern corporate hub housing 300 employees. However, the primary constraint was to
View of the studios
The new academic block features a large number of murals cast in situ on its concrete ceilings
Face to Face
retain the existing structure. Thus, the task was to unify the cluttered built fabric into a singular design language, driven by a commitment to sustainability and functionality. This is almost like open heart surgery, to run the facility, transform, shift and reappropriate without stopping the production line.
To retain parts of the original structure while fortifying it for future demands, advanced technological methods such as carbon wrapping were used on the existing columns. Through meticulous reinforcement techniques such as steel jacketing and bracket installations, structural integrity was bolstered, ensuring longevity & safety for occupants.
The design ethos favoured simplicity, with a predominantly white palette Strategic material choices, sourced locally and devoid of extravagance, contributed to the project’s fiscal prudence without compromising quality or functionality, creating truly timeless architecture
SPECIAL FEATURES
This building strategically uses adaptive reuse methods. By thoroughly studying, the adopted design retained the skeleton of the structure by further strengthening it with advanced technology. Passive sustainability measures, including radiant cooling technology integrated
into the flooring system, significantly reduced reliance on traditional air conditioning, enhancing user comfort and cost-effectiveness. Strategic material choices, locally sourced and devoid of extravagance, ensured fiscal prudence without compromising quality. Furthermore, white louvres were used to unify the façade.
To retain parts of the original structure while fortifying it for future demands, advanced technological methods such as carbon wrapping were used on the existing columns
The design ethos favoured simplicity, with a predominantly white palette
The building strategically uses adaptive reuse methods
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Selection of Façade & Fenestration Materials
Courtyard House by Habitat Architects - fenestration design was meticulously tailored to maximise light and ventilation while maintaining privacy and aesthetic coherence
Selecting the right façade and fenestration materials is crucial for enhancing building performance. Efficient façades act as barriers against external elements, reducing energy consumption by improving insulation and minimising heat gain or loss. Materials like Glass, uPVC, Aluminium, Wood, Zinc, and Copper each offer unique benefits. Glass, popular for enhancing natural light and views, also supports various energy-efficient technologies. In addition to aesthetics, façades improve occupant comfort and usability.
Long-standing materials such as Glass, uPVC, Aluminium, and Wood have shaped innovative façade designs. Technological advancements like BIM and 3D printing enable complex geometric cladding systems, while Vacuum Insulated Glass (VIG) enhances energy efficiency. Automated cladding systems, utilising robotic arms, and smart fenestrations that adjust based on environmental conditions are gaining traction. Tools like Green Building Studio, Autodesk, IESVE, and Cove.tool help calculate energy efficiency, driving sustainable, high-performance
buildings. Emerging technologies like nanotechnology and smart glass further enhance façade durability and performance, supporting precision and sustainability in construction.
WFM Media spoke to over 20 architects and façade experts to understand their views on the Selection of façade and fenestration materials, appropriate use of glass and application of the same, tools and software used for calculating energy efficiency, and future of automation technology in crafting efficient facades. Here is the summary of their interviews.
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FAÇADE MATERIALS – TRENDS & PREFERENCES
Each material, be it Glass, uPVC, Aluminium, Wood, Zinc, or Copper, brings unique properties to the table. Glass remains a popular choice due to its ability to enhance natural lighting and provide expansive views while also being adaptable to various energy-efficient technologies. The combination of the strength of aluminium, its ability to be lightweight, and its resistance to corrosion makes it a versatile choice for modern façades, says Ar. Vivek Bhole, Chairman & Managing Director, Vivek Bhole Architects. “At Vivek Bhole Architects, we recognise the critical role that façade and fenestration materials play in the overall performance aesthetic of a building. In our practice, Aluminium and Glass are frequently used due to their balance of performance and aesthetic appeal, yet we tailor the material selection to each specific requirement of the project, ensuring optimal functionality and design coherence, he adds.
In addition to serving an aesthetic purpose, a building’s façade also improves the general comfort and usability of its occupants. According to Ar. Aditya Dua, Architect, AKDA, the choice of material largely depends on the specific requirements of the project, including budget, aesthetic preferences, and performance needs. He notes that glass has become a fundamental material across various building typologies since it allows natural light and enables a visual connection between the interior and exterior.
According to Dua, uPVC generally falls into the budget for almost all buildings but fails to provide a premium look. He too agrees that aluminium has become a widely used material for façade cladding and extrusion profiles for windows and doors. Wood and other metals, such as zinc and copper, are expensive, they offer premium finishes and ageing. They require skilled labour but are highly recyclable. Because of their modern appearance and affordability, a combination of glass and aluminium for the fenestrations is visible across residential and commercial buildings.
Talking about the other materials like wood, zinc, and copper, Ar. Chaaya Sharma, Principal Designer at Design ArTEC observes that they help to create a visually striking and functionally efficient façade. These metals are prized for their durability and malleability. These materials lend a sense of timelessness and sophistication to architectural designs, while also offering excellent weather resistance and longevity. In contemporary designs, the use of ceramic tiles and natural stone is gaining traction. These materials improve the building’s aesthetic appeal and use less energy for heating and cooling. Further, ceramic tiles allow for unique patterns in the façade, curating captivating exteriors.
Glass, uPVC, aluminium and wood have been long in the design industry, creating unique façades. However, the most used and preferred materials often depend on various factors such as project budget, desired aesthetics, environmental considerations, and local building codes, notes Ar. Jamshed Banaji, Principal Architect at Banaji & Associates. Materials like zinc and glass-reinforced concrete are preferred for structures. Zinc is a long-lasting material that improves the functionality of a building façade. Its low maintenance and energy efficiency can be tailored in various finishes to fit individual design requirements. Glassreinforced concrete (GRC) serves as a versatile material for creative façade designs by fusing the flexibility and lightweight qualities of glass fibres with the strength and durability of concrete.
AR. CHAAYA SHARMA Principal Designer, Design ArTEC
AR. ADITYA DUA Architect, AKDA
AR. JAMSHED BANAJI Principal Architect, Banaji & Associates
Aluminium windows facing a garden; Project: 40.60 by AKDA Photography: Abhay Khatri
uPVC is favoured for doors and windows due to its modern, elegant appearance, ease of maintenance, durability, and cost-effectiveness, points out Ar. Komal Mittal and Ar. Ninada Kashyap, Principal Architects, Alkove-Design Aluminium, though lightweight and recyclable, lacks insulation due to its high heat conductivity. Wood provides good insulation and aesthetics but needs regular maintenance. Glass is valued for its beauty and natural light but requires careful handling. Zinc and Copper offer durability and unique appearances but come at higher costs and require complex installation, adds Mittal.
Glass and engineered modular materials are used globally both to speed up construction time as well as respond to local climate, says Ar. Siddharth Puri, CoFounder and Director of Architecture, W-ARD FOUR. They are usually designed to be a part of an assembly system as opposed to the monolithic construction
methodology used in India. In a steel framed assembly, other than glass, most of the materials mentioned act as rain screens with adequate weather/moisture proofing behind them. In the concrete and masonry monolithic technique that’s used in India, they are seldom more than expensive pasted cladding with – in most cases – no real impact on building performance. So other than a judicious use of glass systems, there is in most cases no real need. Therefore, we prefer cladding that is sourced from local materials or even stone or brick tiling; to summarize materials that are selected not just for aesthetics, but for performance as well as keeping in mind the entire lifecycle of the material. Over the years, we have deliberately moved away from ACP for aesthetic, safety and environmental reasons.
REDEFINING FENESTRATION DESIGNS AND MATERIALS
Fenestration is one of the keys to redefining the aesthetics and performance of buildings and here are some innovative fenestration designs suggested by experts.
“We used a combination of aluminium, glass & wood in a corporate building design in DLH Park. The framework, made of aluminium, was what made large glass panels possible and the wooden
elements added a rustic characteristic that subtly suggested humanity and nature. The combination contributed more than just creating a good-looking building it effectively thermally performed,” explains Ar. Bhole.
A combination of fenestration designs results in custom and functional schemes for any building. “In most of our residential projects, we tend to use aluminium sections for windows. They offer durability and allow for maximum transparency with relatively thinner frames. This feature is great for maximising outdoor views and imparting a modern look to the house while mitigating heat gain by using double-glazing systems”, elucidates Ar. Dua from his experience.
On the other hand, Say Dua, in commercial projects with their flexibility in usage for multiple types of occupants, a standardised glazing system can make the building envelope highly energy efficient while providing for a cohesive external façade. “In one of our commercial building projects, we are planning to install BIPV panels along with a unitised glazing system. This will present an alternative energy source while bringing in light through the bi-facial solar panels”, Dua adds. Using specific types of glazing can reduce heat gain and increase visual transparency where required.
AR. KOMAL MITTAL AND AR. NINADA KASHYAP Principal Architects, Alkove-Design
A project by Design ArTEC
AR. SIDDHARTH PURI
Co-Founder & Director of Architecture, W-ARD FOUR
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The latest technologies in façade and fenestration focus on enhancing energy efficiency & improving the installation processes. The introduction of prefabrication technology, such as unitised and semi-unitised systems, allows large glazing panels to be produced in controlled factory environments. This enhances precision, ensuring better thermal performance and easy installation at the site, observes Ar. Dua. He also points out that BIPV is becoming increasingly popular. By integrating an alternative source of energy into the façade and allowing certain natural illumination inside, this technology is transforming high-rise buildings.
“Our projects are a fusion of materials and styles, leading us to create unique fenestrations and exteriors”, says Ar. Sharma. “In a retail project in Gurgaon,
we have included limestone cladding in façades and glass in fenestrations to add a contemporary touch to the design. Arch fenestrations further lend a sense of whimsy, curating unique design aesthetics. This combination enhances the visual appeal and provides occupants with natural light while mitigating solar heat gain”.
Ar. Banaji’s project, the Panchayat House in Goa, is an example of innovative fenestration designs. With a fusion of concrete and glass, the façade includes arched windows aligning with the architecture of the region. These allow natural light to flood in, while Low-E glass keeps the indoors cool, creating an optimum atmosphere. These thoughtful combinations of materials can redefine the boundaries of architectural expression and performance.
Materials and Technologies for Efficient Façades
Fronto: Fronto is an innovative façade system celebrated for its versatility and modern aesthetic. It offers a wide range of finishes and textures, providing creative freedom in architectural design. Fronto panels are both lightweight and durable, making them ideal for new constructions and renovations. Designed for outdoor use, these panels are waterproof, maintenancefree, and easy to install, ensuring
years of trouble-free performance. The panels are meticulously designed and manufactured to the highest standards.
Max3: The MAX-3 system panels are produced using MAX-3 Triple Extrusion Technology, which imparts exceptional resistance to mechanical damage—a feature previously achievable only with metal siding. These panels have a low coefficient of linear expansion, granting them high resistance to extreme temperatures. Unlike metal coatings, the MAX-3 system is easy to install, does not corrode, peel, or tarnish, and requires no special maintenance.
Kerrafront: Kerrafront is a façade cladding solution that requires no maintenance after installation. Utilising innovative technology, Kerrafront is highly durable and resistant to varying weather conditions. It protects
Sustainability is and should be a key driver of every aspect of design and passive strategies that are easy to introduce are almost a natural extension of the process of designing. According to Ar. Puri, the following factors play a key role in our methodology.
• Orientation of building on site
• Size of fenestration, shading,
• Understanding the local climate
• Design Strategies for adequate daylight without excessive solar gain
• Envelope design
Careful design of the façade is one of those factors that can greatly reduce the energy consumption of a building, states Ar. Puri. According to him, important factors to consider are - access to daylight and views based on space programming; incident solar radiation on the surface; size of the fenestration (also dependent on orientation); and glazing percentage.
the building’s interior, prevents heat loss, and ensures proper air circulation to avoid mold and fungus growth. Its lightweight and flexible design, coupled with simple joining methods, makes installation quick and easy. Kerrafront is 100% water-resistant, and its cut edges do not require additional protection.
VARUN PODDAR Founder, VOX India
A Kerala project by VOX India
The future of exterior cladding- Alstone Alcomb Honeycomb Panel is here, with superior strength-to-weight ratio and resistance to environmental stress, it o ers architects a perfectly reliable, robust and sustainable facade solution o modern age design challenges.
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CHOOSING GLASS AS A FAÇADE MATERIAL: KEY POINTS TO CONSIDER
By and large, India is a hot climate, with a reasonable variance in humidity. For us glass is a tricky material to use if you start to balance out the basic dichotomy of natural light vs heat gain. We understand that a unitized glazing is fast to construct and in certain circumstances, will save money and – this is especially true in urban environments – space. However, these capital cost gains can also have an inverse effect on operational costs. A good process will have the stakeholders in the design team breaking down and studying these factors and developing the façade and the usage of glass in an iterative manner. As per green building norms, a glazing percentage of less than 40% is ideal for the tropics/ hot arid zones, explains Ar. Puri. This is usually our baseline and through an iterative process of analysis and design, we have been able to reduce it further. It is also important to note that the glazing percentages will vary with the orientation of the building; for instance, the north face will always have a higher glazing percentage than the west or even east.
When selecting glass for energyefficient and cost-effective façades, windows, and doors, consider using low-emissivity, solar control, or insulated glass units to improve thermal performance and reduce glare, advises Ar. Ninada Kashyap. Proper building orientation and effective shading strategies, such as overhangs or louvres, maximise natural daylight while minimising solar heat gain. Safety is crucial, requiring tempered or laminated glass for strength and protection.
Selecting glass for façades involves several critical considerations to ensure energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Firstly, thermal insulation properties take centre stage and secondly, solar control features are essential to decrease the heat
gain without compromising natural light, thereby reducing the need for artificial cooling, observes Ar. Vivek Bhole. Safety and security are also vital, necessitating the use of laminated or tempered glass to withstand impacts and enhance durability. Acoustic insulation should be considered, especially in urban settings, to provide a quieter indoor environment. Finally, a thorough cost-benefit analysis is essential to balance initial investment with long-term energy savings and maintenance costs.
Glass is a widely used material, but it is tailored to specific use cases, which results in a wide variety of options. A strategic approach not only enhances the building’s performance but also contributes to
a sustainable and comfortable indoor environment. According to Ar. Dua, some of the key points to consider when choosing glass for a project are - insulation & thermal performance; coatings & tints; constitutional property such as laminated, tempered etc.; cost and durability. Double or triple glazing may be chosen to create an insulation barrier suitable for reducing heat gain inside a building, thus increasing thermal efficiency.
Ar. Banaji too agrees that one must consider the impact of heat gain on the building while choosing glass for façades. Integrating high-performing glass ensures that maximum daylight is captured through the glazed surface while reducing heat infiltration. In addition to blocking ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (heat) rays, high-performance glazing has a lower U-value (rate of heat flow due to conduction), a lower SC (Shading Coefficient), and a higher VLT (Visible Light Transmission). Glass like this can save you up to 35–40% on energy costs. Grey or brown tints can be applied to glass to reduce heat and light penetration. Conversely, hues like blue and green let light through but partially block out heat.
Factors like Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) and VLT should be considered for optimum energy consumption and occupant comfort, agrees Ar. Chaaya Sharma. SHGC measures the amount of solar heat that penetrates through
Casa Tao, Pune by Alkove-Design- The window seat is a temptingly comfortable spot that opens out into the shady green arms of a big mango tree, dotted here and there with parrots and bulbuls
Use of innovative materials - A Kerala project by VOX India
the glass. For buildings in warm climates, prioritising low-SHGC glass, often achieved through coatings or films, can significantly reduce cooling loads and energy costs. Further, VLT indicates the amount of visible light that passes through the glass. Techniques like spectrally selective coatings allow for high VLT while filtering out heatproducing infrared radiation.
WHAT’S NEW IN FAÇADE AND FENESTRATION INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGIES
Integrated façade systems, such as double-skins, create a substantial thermal buffer specifically for large surface areas to reduce solar gain. On the other hand, technological advancements such as BIM and 3D printing have enabled the creation of non-traditional shapes and complex geometric cladding systems, states Ar. Dua.
Building Information Modelling (BIM) plays a crucial role these days in accurate planning and coordination by minimising errors and optimising resource use, states Ar. Vivek Bhole. Smart glazing technologies, which allow for dynamic adjustment of light and heat transmission, enhance energy efficiency.
Talking about technologies, Ar. Sharma mentions Vacuum Insulated Glass (VIG), which is making its way into fenestration
systems. VIG technology utilises a near-vacuum space between two or more glass panes. This significantly reduces heat transfer, offering superior thermal insulation. VIG systems are ideal for buildings seeking exceptional energy performance. For certain types of façades, like rain-screen cladding systems, advancements in robotics and automation are transforming installation processes. Robots can precisely place and secure panels, ensuring consistent quality and improved safety for construction workers.
Fenestration technologies like automated cladding systems are gaining traction, states Ar. Banaji. These systems utilise robotic arms or specialised machinery to precisely install façade panels, enhancing safety and reducing reliance on manual labour. Integration of sensors and actuators into windows allows for automated control. Further, smart fenestrations automatically adjust tinting or open to optimise natural light and ventilation based on occupancy or environmental conditions. Smart fenestration contributes to occupant comfort and energy efficiency.
Ar Mittal points out that advanced sealants and insulation materials further enhance thermal and acoustic performance, while durable materials like aluminium and wooden windows improve aesthetics and longevity.
CALCULATING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A BUILDING - TOOLS AND METHODS
Energy efficiency is a fundamental consideration in the design process. We employ various tools and methods to ensure optimal performance, says Ar. Vivek Bhole. “Energy modelling software such as EnergyPlus and DesignBuilder allows us to simulate and analyse energy consumption patterns. Daylighting analysis tools, such as Radiance, enable us to maximise natural light while reducing energy use for artificial lighting”, he adds.
According to Ar. Dua, during the design phase, a building’s energy efficiency is determined by a combination of parametric assumptions, simulation, and modelling tools. The parameters include the building’s contextual information, regulatory requirements, and construction methodologies. Some of the key factors to consider are the building envelope, lighting, energy consumption, occupant behaviour, and sustainability. Manual guidelines, simulation tools, BIM tools, and standardised building rating systems
Expansive, well-ventillated project by Vivek Bhole Architects
A Dwelling of Memories, Pune by AlkoveDesign - An intimate prayer space connects to the living area through an ornate, translucent glass opening
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Ar. Chaaya Sharma talks about tools like Green Building Studio and Autodesk. Their insights can be significantly used to calculate the energy efficiency of the buildings. With cloud-based building performance service software, Autodesk’s Green Building Studio allows for highperformance design at a fraction of the typical cost and time. Further, Revit may be integrated with Autodesk Insight to provide enhanced simulation and analysis data. The goal of insight is to assist architects in meeting sustainability objectives through improved building energy and environmental performance. The procedure is outcome-driven and is communicated through real-time causeand-effect feedback and KPIs.
Explaining the process of calculation, Ar. Puri says that the whole process starts with tools to first analyse the EPW (energy plus weather) format files of the area we are designing in. This will give us the raw climatic data along with optimal orientation, and base active and passive strategies in the form of a psychometric chart that lays out strategies along with their projected impact. After this initial phase that defines many conceptual
aspects, energy efficiency calculations are an ongoing process from concept to the schematic phase. In terms of tools, we work with partners who use Rhino Grasshopper-based Ladybug tools and Honeybee to perform environmental, daylight and thermal analysis. Some of the engines within these tools are - Radiance for Daylight and Solar Radiation, Energy plus heat gains, energy consumption and Therm for thermal bridging, and condensation risk assessment.
Ar. Banaji throws light on tools like IESVE and Cove.tool are used to calculate the energy efficiency of the building. “IESVE (Integrated Environmental Solutions Virtual Environment) is a tool that analyses HVAC performance, energy consumption, solar shading, and demand for heating and cooling. A building energy analysis report complete with charts and diagrams is provided with all the information. In contrast to previous tools, Cove.tool is an intelligent platform for energy modelling and building performance that provides a range of tools required for datadriven, sustainable design. The analytical tool on the platform incorporates machine learning to help developers, engineers, and architects maximise highperformance design possibilities”, explains Ar. Banaji.
FUTURE OF AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGIES
With the pace at which the construction industry is growing every year, regulating energy consumption is more critical than ever before. The upcoming improvements are expected to result in increased efficiency, precision, and durability of our buildings.
For any building, the façade interacts with the elements and majorly determines its energy consumption patterns over its lifetime. These patterns pertain to the lighting required inside the building, thermal comfort, the maintenance cycle of the façade, and various other things. Having automated technologies will not only help us monitor many of these aspects but also actively work to reduce a building’s carbon footprint, points out Ar. Dua.
According to Ar. Dua, here are some key trends and innovations shaping this future:
• Advanced sensors and IoT integration
• Enhanced building management systems
• Monitoring via BIM tools
• Drones for visual inspection and maintenance
• Augmented reality
Vision and spandrel panels on the west façade; Project: Atrium Tower by AKDA Photography: Aditya Dua and certifications are methods for calculating energy efficiency, adds Dua.
Large windows for daylighting - Design ArTEC
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Ar. Vivek Bhole agrees that the incorporation of AI and machine learning will enable predictive maintenance and energy management, contributing to smarter and more sustainable building operations. Moreover, the Internet of Things (IoT) will facilitate better communication between various components of the façade and fenestration systems of the building. Similarly, smart windows equipped with sensors will communicate with HVAC systems to regulate temperature and air quality.
Ar. Chaaya Sharma loos up to technologies on the horizon like Multi-Functional Façades and Carbon Capturing Façades, which will help operate in energyefficient designs. These include elements like water collecting, air purification, and urban farming areas. In Carbon Capture Façades, designs that aim to achieve carbon neutrality or even zero carbon emissions can benefit from the integration of technologies in façades that absorb and retain carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. AR technologies can be integrated into façades to create dynamic and interactive displays. AR could be applied to art displays, informative purposes, or user-chosen adaptive shading.
Ar. Banaji looks forward to technologies like nanotechnology, with its capacity to provide self-healing qualities. It provides greater insulation, and advanced coatings for increased durability and performance. Moreover, advances in bioengineering could result in façades that include live organisms to produce energy, purify the air, and add visual variation, like algae or responsive plant-based systems. These automation
technologies represent a transformative force in the evolution of energyefficient building envelopes, offering unprecedented levels of control, efficiency, and adaptability.
Ar. Ninada Kashyap agrees that automation technologies are reshaping energy-efficient façade and fenestration systems through sustainability, biophilic design, and smart solutions. These systems adapt dynamically to environmental changes, optimising energy use and enhancing occupant comfort. Smart glass adjusts transparency based on sunlight intensity, while automated shading systems like motorised blinds and shades respond automatically to sun position, improving energy efficiency and comfort. Integrated Building Management Systems streamline control of HVAC, lighting, and fenestration, optimising overall building performance. Moreover, robotic installation methods enhance precision and efficiency, minimising errors during installation and supporting sustainable architectural practices.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the right selection of façade and fenestration materials plays a pivotal role in enhancing building performance and sustainability. Advanced technologies such as BIM, 3D printing, and Vacuum Insulated Glass (VIG), along with automated and smart fenestration systems, are revolutionising the industry. Tools like Green Building Studio, Autodesk, IESVE, and Cove. tool are essential for optimising energy efficiency. As the construction industry evolves, embracing innovations like nanotechnology and smart glass will further improve building durability, efficiency, and occupant comfort. These advancements are crucial for developing high-performance, sustainable buildings that adapt dynamically to environmental changes.
Appropriate use of glass - by Vivek Bhole Architects
Innovative Cladding - by Vivek Bhole Architects
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Materials and Technologies for Efficient Façades & Fenestrations
The façade is one of the most integral elements to the overall building design, as it adds a unique personality and character to the buildings. A building façade can be of several shapes and sizes. It provides Architects a chance to experiment showcase their talent and bring their creations to reality.
TRENDY FAÇADE AND FENESTRATION MATERIALS
The two main materials for residential windows that are being used nowadays are aluminium and uPVC. Aluminium is the most common material used in commercial buildings across India, but for residential buildings, options include wood, steel, uPVC and Aluminium. Wood has long been a preferred option for residential, but is lower in demand nowadays due to its high cost and difficulty in finding good carpenters. Steel has been popular because of its low cost, but again lower in demand, due to its quality and maintenance problems. Copper, zinc and other alternative materials are rarely used and are very costly.
Aluminium has long been used in India for high-rise buildings than uPVC windows. The modern aluminium windows are known as ‘System Windows’ which are tested for safety in extreme weather conditions and are more popular due to their strength to face high winds, durability to ease of usage, design freedom, weather resistance, acoustics, colour choices, maintenance, recycling ability and cost. Hence The market preference is quickly shifting in favour of aluminium which is a ‘safe to use’ product in all weather conditions.
INNOVATIVE FENESTRATION DESIGNS
With the rapid changes in technology and access to international brands, fenestration trends include the use of large-span glass with slim line sections, reducing the gap between interiors and exteriors, use of performance glasses like DGU/TGU, various shading devices like chhiajjas, boxing, framings, fins, etc. Elements help to manage thermal conditions within a space without compromising on the quality of light. New age materials include super strong aluminium windows with Nanotechnology in the glass helps in managing solar heat gain effectively.
A great variety of glass and shading devices are available in the market. Daylight and energy simulation at design stages helps us to understand
the effectiveness of the fenestration selection. It helps us understand the design modification requirements at earlier stages of the projects.
DESIGNING ENERGY-EFFICIENT AND COST-EFFECTIVE FAÇ ADES, WINDOWS AND DOORS
Building orientation and shading devices play a significant role in the selection of the right glass for façades. Energy-efficient glass panels are coated with various metal oxides that reduce excessive absorption and transmission of solar heat and light ingress. it reduces a structure’s energy cost and carbon footprint. This type of glass improves thermal comfort and gives a feeling of openness to people working inside the building. There are numerous factors one should consider while selecting the right glass for the façade. The basic factors are climate, location and the orientation of the windows or fenestration. SHGC (solar heat gain coefficient) and VLT (visual light transmittance) are the two parameters of glass which play a major role in achieving maximum daylight inside and reducing the heat gain in a building. permutation and combinations with design elements help to choose different types of glass with different parameters of a similar make and shade. This can be a costeffective approach in design.
Technologies have changed today’s window and door sector, resulting in a slew of advancements, that have enhanced energy efficiency, security, aesthetics, and usefulness, some of the most fascinating contemporary innovations in doors and windows are as follows: energy efficiency, smart integration, sustainable materials, noise reduction, security options, aesthetic & design, fire protection, wellness and health.
Proposed industrial expansion project in Maharashtra
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TOOLS AND SOFTWARE TO CALCULATE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A BUILDING
One needs to measure the energy going into the system which is to be evaluated in watts or joules. Next, to measure the useful energy output of the system, as expressed in the same units of measurement. Then take the energy output and divide it by the energy input giving the energy efficiency of the project.
Tools and methods for energy efficiency
There are various tools and methods available for measuring and improving the energy efficiency of a building few of them are as follows.
• Energy audits: It is the first step to improving the energy efficiency of building design. An energy audit is a process of assessing the current energy performance of a building, system, or product and identifying areas for improvement. One can use various methods and tools to conduct an energy audit, such as thermography, blower door tests, plug load meters, and energy modelling software. An energy audit can help us to understand the energy consumption patterns, sources of waste, and potential savings of the projects.
• Energy rating systems: Another tool that can help to improve the energy efficiency of the project is to use an energy rating system. An energy rating system is a standard or certification that measures and compares the energy performance of buildings, systems, or products. Some examples of energy rating systems are LEED, IGBC, GRIHA BREEAM, ENERGY STAR, GEM and EDGE. Using an energy rating system can help us to set goals, benchmarks, and best practices for the projects,
and demonstrate commitment to sustainability to clients and stakeholders.
• Energy management software: A third tool that can help to improve the energy efficiency of the project is to use an energy management software. An energy management software is a program that helps to monitor, analyse, and optimize the energy performance of your projects. One can use energy management software to collect and visualise the data, track and report the progress, identify and implement the measures, and evaluate and verify the results. Some examples of energy management software are eQUEST, Energy CAP, Eni scope and IES etc.
• Energy-saving devices: Energysaving devices are products or technologies that help to reduce the energy consumption or demand of the projects. You can use energy saving devices to improve the efficiency of lighting, heating, cooling, ventilation, appliances, and electronics. Some examples of energy saving devices are LED bulbs, smart thermostats, solar panels, and power strips.
• Energy feedback systems: A fifth tool that can help to improve the energy efficiency of the project is to use energy feedback systems. Energy feedback systems are devices or interfaces that provide information or feedback to users about their energy consumption or behaviour. One
can use energy feedback systems to raise awareness, motivate action, and change habits. Some examples of energy feedback systems are smart meters, dashboards, and gamification
• Energy education and training: A sixth tool that can help to improve the energy efficiency of the project is to use energy education and training. Energy education and training are activities or resources that help to learn and improve the knowledge and skills on energy efficiency. One can use energy education and training to stay updated, informed, and inspired. Some examples of energy education and training are courses, workshops, webinars, podcasts, blogs, etc.
FUTURE OF AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Building automation has rapidly become an essential feature in modern commercial and industrial facilities. As energy costs more and sustainability becomes a growing concern, the role of energy efficiency in our buildings is more significant than ever.
Automation systems can adjust shading devices, glazing opacity, and ventilation based on real-time data, such as temperature, humidity, and solar intensity. By intelligently managing these elements, smart façades optimise energy usage and improve comfort levels for occupants.
Upcoming residential project at Mumbai
“Prefabricated Systems and Unitised Curtain Walls are Most Popular”
AR. ARYAN GULATI
Project Architect, Morphogenesis
FAÇADE AND FENESTRATIONPREFERRED MATERIALS
While designing a façade, material selection is primarily guided by aesthetics, durability, climate suitability, maintenance, cost, and energy efficiency. It is also important to evaluate the building’s context, local regulations, and environmental impact. At Morphogenesis, we prioritise materials that meet project requirements and have the least impact on the environment.
While glass is a highly favoured material, it has come a long way in achieving high-performance properties. Due to its ability to transform permeability within spaces, it is a suitable choice for use in, both, exteriors and interiors. For example, in our project – Zydus Headquarters, Ahmedabad, the use of glass enabled a transparent environment, establishing a seamless connection for the occupants with their outdoor surroundings. An alternative to glass is unplasticised polyvinyl chloride (uPVC), which is often chosen for its durability, low maintenance, and excellent insulation properties. It is
frequently used in residential projects where efficiency and longevity are priorities.
Aluminium is popular due to its strength, lightweight nature, and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for both commercial and residential applications. In another project of ours, The British School, New Delhi, we employed aluminium frames to support large glass panels, combining strength with modern aesthetics. Wood remains a preferred material for its natural appearance and excellent thermal insulation properties, although it requires regular maintenance to prevent decay and damage.
Among the plethora of building materials available, Corten steel stands out as a distinctly unique and durable option. Its natural, earthy, and rustic look distinguishes it from conventional steel or wood, enhancing the design with
an industrial, rustic, or contemporary aesthetic, and adding depth & character.
INNOVATIVE FENESTRATION
DESIGN WITH A COMBINATION OF MATERIALS
Designing innovative façades by integrating varied materials helps our projects achieve both aesthetic appeal and environmental efficiency. Many housing projects across the country are bringing innovation to their designs by using a combination of jaalis (perforated screens), use of highperformance glass combined with shading devices etc.
For instance, in our recently inaugurated project, the Surat Diamond Bourse, we exemplified exceptional craftsmanship and achieved the highest standards of sustainability by using innovative materials and locally inspired design elements. Through careful selection and
Zydus Headquarters, Ahmedabad
integration of materials, it is possible to enhance both the functionality and sustainability of a building while honouring its cultural context.
KEY POINTS TO CONSIDER WHILE CHOOSING GLASS AS FAÇADE MATERIAL
Glass, being widely available and providing a modern, sleek aesthetic, is used in almost 95% of high-rise designs. It is a critical element in determining the final visual perception of a building. When choosing glass as a façade material, it is imperative to consider factors such as its performance, U-value (rate of heat transfer), Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC), solar control, durability, and maintenance. To achieve a highly efficient and cost-effective design, each element—windows or doors - is chosen based on location, orientation, and function. It is also important to create a balance between efficiency and aesthetics.
Low-emissivity (Low-E) coatings reflect infrared and ultraviolet rays while allowing visible light to pass through, enhancing energy efficiency by reducing the need
for artificial heating and cooling. While these coatings can significantly reduce the amount of heat entering the building and increase efficiency, they also affect how the glass is perceived from both inside and outside.
This is where Visible Light Transmission (VLT) comes into play. VLT is the percentage of natural light entering the building and determines the visibility from inside out. The higher the light transmission, the more light enters the building, but this is not necessarily ideal since more light means more heat. An ideal range for VLT is 40-50%. Tinted glass is another energy-efficient alternative that can be used to bring uniqueness to the building and reflect the developer’s brand and values through its design implementation.
LATEST FAÇADE AND FENESTRATION INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGIES
The latest façade and fenestration installation technologies emphasise energy efficiency, sustainability, and smart integration. One significant advancement is the use of Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), which
incorporates solar panels directly onto the building’s façade as a skin. This approach not only generates renewable energy but also enhances the aesthetic appeal of structures.
Dynamic façades, including systems like electrochromic glass, allow for the modulation of light and heat entering the building. These smart windows can adjust their tint in response to external conditions, reducing the need for artificial lighting and air conditioning. These systems provide enormous freedom and flexibility in façade design and are likely to become the norm in the future.
Prefabricated systems and unitised curtain walls are popular in our projects due to the streamlined installation process. These systems are manufactured off-site and assembled on-site, reducing construction time and improving quality control. For housing projects, especially, they improve safety, precision, and speed, reducing the risk of human error and accidents. This ensures perfect alignment and fit, which is crucial for both aesthetic and performance reasons.
Surat Diamond Bourse, Surat
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These technologies collectively enhance the installation process, ensuring faster, safer, and more accurate placement of façade and fenestration elements while improving the overall performance and longevity of the building envelope.
CALCULATING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A BUILDING - TOOLS AND METHODS
The main principle for an architect when designing an energy-efficient building is understanding sun movement. At its core, building orientation and its response to the sun reduce reliance on artificial lighting and HVAC systems, leading to significant energy savings.
Calculating the energy efficiency of a building during the design phase involves assessing factors like insulation, lighting, heating, cooling, and ventilation systems. When it comes to monitoring and benchmarking energy consumption, many tools are available, with the Energy Performance Index (EPI) being one of them. The EPI is the key metric used for benchmarking energy usage in any commercial building or occupied office space. EPI is the energy used per unit area measured annually in kWh/m²/year.
One commonly used method is energy modelling, where specialised software simulates the building’s energy performance based on design inputs such as materials, occupancy, and climate data. Energy modelling helps predict energy consumption, identify areas for improvement, and compare different design options. Tools like EnergyPlus, DesignBuilder, and IES Virtual Environment are widely used for energy modelling.
Additionally, daylighting analysis software like Autodesk Revit or DIVA for Rhino can assess natural lighting levels and optimise window placement and size to minimise the need for artificial lighting, further enhancing energy efficiency. By employing these tools and methods,
architects and engineers can effectively design buildings that prioritise energy efficiency and sustainability.
FUTURE OF ENERGY EFFICIENT FAÇADE AND FENESTRATION SYSTEMS - AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY
The future of automation technology in installing and operating energy-efficient façade and fenestration systems holds significant promise for improving building performance and occupant comfort. In the installation, robotics and automated assembly systems will streamline the process, reducing labour costs and increasing precision. Robots equipped with advanced sensors and algorithms can efficiently place and secure façade elements, ensuring optimal sealing and alignment. Automated installation processes will also enhance safety by reducing the need for manual labour in hazardous conditions.
For operation, smart building management systems will integrate with façade and fenestration controls to optimise energy usage. These systems will utilise real-time data from sensors embedded in windows, doors, and building envelopes to dynamically adjust shading, ventilation, and lighting based on occupancy, weather conditions, and energy demand. Machine learning algorithms will continuously analyse data to identify patterns and optimise system performance over time.
Overall, automation technology will revolutionise both the installation and operation of energy-efficient façade and fenestration systems, leading to buildings that are not only more sustainable and energy-efficient but also safer, more comfortable, and easier to manage.
Zydus Headquarters, Ahmedabad
Achieving Higher Levels of Energy Performance, Sustainability & Resilience – Role of Façade Materials
AR. SIDDHI VASHI
Student of Masters in Building Energy Performance, CEPT University
FAÇADE & FENESTRATION MATERIALS
Traditional glass offers poor insulation, but advanced glazing technologies such as low-emissivity (low-E) coatings, double or triple glazing, and argon-filled cavities considerably improve thermal efficiency, lowering winter heat loss and summer heat gain. Smart glass technologies boost energy savings by altering its glazing properties in response to environmental conditions. uPVC is well-known for its superior thermal and acoustic insulation capabilities and low cost, but its environmental impact is problematic. Sustainable options, such as recycled uPVC or biopolymer-based materials, provide comparable performance with a lower environmental impact. Aluminium and other metals prove good for creating dynamic shading devices for glass façades due to their durability, lightweight nature, and flexibility. They provide structural integrity for moving parts, corrosion resistance, and compatibility with automation systems, resulting in
efficient and visually appealing shading solutions. Wood, a sustainable resource with good insulating capabilities and a warm appearance, requires constant maintenance to avoid degradation.
1a: Arbo Skin pavilion made from bioplastic by ITKE. The spiky modules used to build this curving pavilion in Stuttgart, Germany, are made from bioplastic containing over 90 percent renewable materials (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328682055_ Rethinking_sustainability_A_research_on_starch_based_bioplastic/ figures?lo=1&utm_source=google&utm_medium=organic)
Sustainable wood solutions, such as certified lumber or engineered wood products, offer longevity while reducing the environmental effect. While plenty of sustainable material options are available in the market, it is also critical to make use of these elements while adhering to fundamental passive architectural principles.
INNOVATIVE FENESTRATION DESIGNS WITH A COMBINATION OF MATERIALS
Innovative fenestration designs, amalgamating diverse materials, stand as pivotal embodiments of both functionality and aesthetics in contemporary building projects. For instance, the integration of expansive glazing with wooden louvres not only augments daylight penetration but also effectively mitigates solar heat
By integrating these findings with highperformance glass, the project achieved a fully sustainable façade solution. (Source: https://www.jch.com.sg/About-JCH/Pages/Overview.aspx)
Figure
Figure 1b: Façade of Jurong Community Hospital. Sun angles were meticulously studied throughout the year to determine the optimal orientation of the ward towers. This ensured maximum natural light while minimising glare.
gain, thereby enhancing thermal comfort within interiors. Dynamic shading systems, employing motorised blinds or adjustable louvres, provide precise control over daylight levels & glare, facilitating superior occupant comfort while concurrently reducing dependency on mechanical cooling systems. Biophilic design elements, such as green walls juxtaposed with expansive fenestration, not only foster a symbiotic connection with nature but also augment indoor air quality, promoting occupant well-being. Furthermore, the integration of smart glass technologies, such as electrochromic glazing, enables seamless adaptation of transparency in response to external lighting conditions, optimising both visual comfort and energy efficiency. These innovative fenestration strategies underscore the intricate interplay between materials and technologies, culminating in sustainable, high-performance architectural solutions that redefine contemporary building envelopes.
CHOOSING GLASS AS A FAÇADE MATERIAL
Firstly, the thermal performance of the glass is crucial. Low-emissivity (low-E) coatings, double or triple glazing, and argon-filled cavities significantly enhance insulation, reducing heat loss in winter and heat gain in summer. Secondly, balancing the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) and visible light transmittance (VLT) is essential. A low SHGC minimises unwanted heat gain, while sufficient VLT ensures natural daylighting and visual comfort. The building’s orientation also plays a critical role. In colder climates, South-facing façades can benefit from
glass with higher solar heat gain to exploit passive solar heating, while north-facing façades should have lower SHGC to reduce heat loss. Additionally, choosing the right framing system is vital. Thermally broken frames reduce thermal bridging, improving overall energy performance. Integrating shading devices like external louvres or internal blinds further enhances energy efficiency by reducing solar heat gain and glare. Conducting a life-cycle cost analysis evaluates the long-term economic implications, considering initial costs, energy savings, maintenance, and lifespan of the glass system. It is essential to note that it’s imperative to select glass with thermal characteristics suited to the specific climate. Triple glazing isn’t always the optimal solution; sometimes, the best choice isn’t the lowest or highest performance option but the most suitable for the climate. By considering these factors, glass can be effectively utilised as a sustainable, energy-efficient, and cost-effective material in building façades, windows, and doors.
FAÇADE AND FENESTRATION INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGIES
One prominent advancement is the integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and prefabrication techniques. BIM enables detailed digital modelling of the building envelope, facilitating precise coordination between various agencies and reducing errors during installation. Another unique advancement is the integration of bioadaptive façades, incorporating materials that respond to environmental changes in real-time, such as thermos bimetal panels that bend with temperature fluctuations for natural ventilation and shading. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies enable virtual walkthroughs and precise planning, allowing teams to visualize final products and identify potential issues before construction begins. Prefabrication and modular construction ensure high quality and reduced on-site installation time, while robotic and automated systems enhance precision, reduce labour costs, and improve safety. Advanced anchoring systems, such as thermal breaks and seismic anchors, accommodate thermal movements and seismic forces, minimising thermal bridging and ensuring secure, durable installation. 3D-printed façades enable complex, bespoke designs optimised for thermal performance and sustainability, minimising waste and aligning with circular economy principles. These innovations are paving the way for smarter, more sustainable, and aesthetically versatile buildings. Figure:
Figure 2: Exploration of a Dynamic façade panel - Snapping Façade - by Jin Young Song and Jongmin Shim - the 1st place winning design of Laka Competition 2016
TOOLS & METHODS FOR CALCULATING ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A BUILDING
Calculating the energy efficiency of a building during the design phase requires understanding active building physics, heat transfer, and practical considerations. Effective design begins with understanding heat flow through the building envelope, material and orientation impacts, and passive design strategies like natural ventilation and daylighting. This foundational knowledge ensures that energy-saving potential is maximised. Energy modelling software, such as Energy Plus, Design Builder, and IES VE, simulates building performance, offering insights into energy consumption, thermal comfort, and indoor air quality based on geometry, orientation, materials, and occupancy. Adhering to local energy codes and standards like ASHRAE Standard 90.1 and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) ensures compliance with energy efficiency benchmarks. Whole building energy simulation evaluates the combined performance of the envelope, HVAC systems, lighting, and appliances, identifying optimisation opportunities. Daylighting analysis tools like Radiance or Diva for Rhino assess natural light penetration, reducing the
need for artificial lighting. Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) prioritises energyefficient strategies with the best return on investment. Energy audits and benchmarking compare performance to similar buildings, setting targets for improvement. Leveraging these tools and methods, architects, engineers, and building energy consultants can optimise energy efficiency during the design phase, reducing consumption, operating costs, and environmental impact.
OPERATING
ENERGY EFFICIENT FAÇADE AND FENESTRATION SYSTEMS - FUTURE OF AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INSTALLING
Automation technologies are poised to revolutionise both the installation process and ongoing operation of building envelopes in several key ways:
Integrated Control Systems: Automated control systems, including Building Management Systems (BMS) and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, seamlessly integrate with façade and fenestration systems to monitor and adjust environmental conditions in real time. These systems optimise natural ventilation, daylighting,
and shading, enhancing energy efficiency and occupant comfort.
Adaptive Shading and Glasing: Smart fenestration technologies, such as electrochromic glass and dynamic shading systems, autonomously adjust transparency, tint, or shading levels based on environmental conditions and occupant preferences. This dynamic control optimises daylighting, solar heat gain, and glare reduction, improving energy performance and visual comfort.
Predictive Analytics: Advanced data analytics and machine learning algorithms enable predictive maintenance and performance optimisation of façade and fenestration systems. By analysing historical data and environmental patterns, these technologies anticipate potential issues, optimise system settings, and identify opportunities for energy savings.
By embracing these innovations, buildings can achieve higher levels of energy performance, sustainability, and resilience in the face of evolving environmental challenges.
Figure 4: Thermo bimetals - where the metallic structure is being shaded, the small projections are static and curve inward preventing air movement, and conserving heat. Whereas when the structure receives direct sunlight the projections curve upwards allowing more air movement, cooling the inside of the structure.
Figure 5: Building energy modelling process
Figure 6: Adaptive façade framework for smart sensing and control
“Innovative Materials for Exterior Cladding are Revolutionising the Architectural Landscape”
MOHIT MAHESHWARII Chief Manager - Projects, Adventz Group
What are the roles of exterior cladding materials in determining the interior comforts and sustainability of a building?
Materials like high-performance insulated panels offer superior thermal resistance, reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling. Ventilated facades promote air circulation, maintaining optimal indoor air quality and temperature regulation. Additionally, materials with inherent durability and resistance to weathering ensure long-term structural integrity, minimising maintenance needs and lifecycle costs. For instance, using weather-resistant timber cladding not only provides a visually appealing facade but also contributes to carbon sequestration and promotes sustainability. So, careful selection of cladding materials significantly influences both interior comfort and the ecological footprint of a building according to the climate conditions
of that country/specific area and consideration of the temperature rise in different months of the year.
What are the innovative materials for exterior cladding and those in maximum demand?
Innovative materials for exterior cladding are revolutionising the architectural landscape, meeting both aesthetic and functional demands. Engineered wood products like Accoya and Kebony offer sustainability with enhanced durability, surpassing traditional wood options. Metal composite materials such as ACPs combine lightweight versatility with remarkable strength, facilitating intricate designs. Fibre cement boards like Swisspearl and EQUITONE provide durability coupled with design flexibility, ideal for contemporary facades. Moreover, demand for photovoltaic integrated cladding systems is soaring, exemplifying the fusion of energy generation with architectural
aesthetics. These materials epitomize the convergence of innovation and design excellence, reshaping the future of facade engineering.
Also, for interiors a new smart glass application like
1. A Premium Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal (PDLC) technology which allows glass to turn on, off, or anywhere in between in milliseconds for diverse light control applications is also infused in the inside use of the glass partition, key advantages are;
Ultra-low haze: avg. 2.5-3%
UV Blocking: 99%
Minimal energy consumption: average. 2.5 to 3w/m²
Operating Voltages: 42-70VAC
Switching Times: 10ms-15ms
Max Width: 1.8m (5.9ft) wide
Glass Types: Annealed, Tempered, Clear, Low Iron/Ultra Clear, IG Units
2. For the building’s façade, Structural interlayer glass is having outstanding results, the performance depends on a resilient film made from plasticized polyvinyl butyral (PVB), specifically designed for applications requiring enhanced rigidity, edge stability, and glass adhesion compared to standard interlayers. Its stiffness allows laminates to withstand higher loads with the same glass thickness or achieve the same loading with reduced glass thickness. When combined with strengthened glass, it offers benefits like rigidity, UV screening, edge stability, clarity, and noise
reduction. Applications include structural glass, exposed-edge laminates, floors, stairs, balconies, canopies, clip/captured systems, and sloped/overhead glazing.
How does façade cladding help in creating energy-efficient and costeffective buildings? What are the effects of cladding materials on Acoustics, Daylighting, Heat ingress, and Energy conservation?
Façade cladding is instrumental in crafting energy-efficient and costeffective buildings through multifaceted functionalities. High-performance insulation materials like mineral wool or foam boards minimize heat ingress, reducing reliance on mechanical heating and cooling systems, thus slashing
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energy bills. Acoustic considerations are addressed with sound-absorbing cladding materials such as perforated metal panels or acoustic glass, ensuring optimal indoor sound quality. Moreover, strategic placement of openings and translucent cladding materials like ETFE (Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) membranes optimize daylighting, diminishing the need for artificial lighting and bolstering occupant well-being. By meticulously selecting cladding materials, architects can mitigate thermal losses, enhance acoustic comfort, optimize daylight utilization, and consequently, foster sustainable and economical building solutions.
What
are the cladding trends considering materials, colours, and designs?
An array of trends is reshaping architectural landscapes. Sustainable materials steal the spotlight, with timber, recycled composites, and bio-based claddings leading the charge, exemplifying ecoconscious innovation. Vibrant colours are making a comeback, injecting personality into urban skylines, with bold hues like deep blues and rich greens evoking a sense of vitality. Asymmetric patterns and geometric shapes redefine conventional aesthetics, fostering visually striking facades. Additionally, biophilic designs incorporating living walls and green facades seamlessly blend nature with architecture, promoting well-being. These
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trends epitomize the fusion of creativity and sustainability, redefining the future of façade aesthetics.
Please tell us about the trends in cladding based on end-use –Residential, commercial, institutional, healthcare, office, industrial Cladding trends vary significantly based on end-use applications, reflecting diverse functional and aesthetic requirements. In the residential sector, there is a growing preference for natural materials like wood and stone veneers, creating warm and inviting facades. Commercial buildings lean towards sleek metal claddings, emphasizing modernity and durability. Institutional structures often prioritize sustainability, opting for recycled or locally sourced materials to align with their values. Healthcare facilities prioritize hygiene and cleanliness, favouring easy-to-clean surfaces like glass or smooth metal panels. Offices are embracing biophilic designs, integrating green walls or vertical gardens for enhanced wellbeing. Industrial buildings prioritize functionality, with durable materials like precast concrete or metal panels ensuring longevity. These trends underscore the nuanced approach to cladding across diverse sectors, reflecting both practical needs and design aspirations.
Brief on the fire safety standards of Cladding materials. What are the other concerns considering the
safety and security of the building concerning the cladding materials?
Fire safety standards for cladding materials are paramount, with rigorous regulations dictating their usage. In India, guidelines such as the National Building Code and ASTM E84 standards ensure fire-resistant claddings like A1-rated materials such as solid aluminium panels or noncombustible Fiber cement boards. UAE mandates compliance with NFPA 285, demanding fire-retardant claddings for high-rise structures, including fire-resistant metal composite panels or ceramic facades. Beyond fire safety, concerns in both regions encompass structural integrity against extreme weather, leading to the
adoption of impact-resistant claddings like reinforced glass or high-strength aluminium alloys. These stringent safety measures underscore the commitment to safeguarding lives and property in the built environment.
What are the types of cladding materials and designs you wish to see/use in the future, say 25 years from now?
Looking forward 25 years, the future of cladding materials and designs holds exciting prospects for sustainability, innovation, and aesthetics. I envision advanced bio-based composites derived from renewable sources, offering both ecofriendliness and durability. Smart cladding systems integrating sensors and adaptive technologies will optimize energy efficiency and user comfort dynamically. Additionally, interactive facades capable of responding to environmental cues, such as changing weather conditions or user preferences, will redefine architectural possibilities. I also anticipate the integration of 3D printing technologies enabling intricate and customizable cladding designs, pushing the boundaries of creativity and functionality. These advancements promise to revolutionize the built environment, shaping a more resilient and captivating architectural landscape.
(All the images are of the project St. Regis Residences, Dubai developed by Adventz Group).
Environmentally Conscious Selection of Materials Can Promote Innovative & Contextually Relevant Designs
AR. SARIKA SHETTY Partner, SJK Architects
What is your take on modern fenestration materials?
Fenestrations hold profound significance as they form the initial interface between a structure and its surroundings. Rather than serving a singular intent, such as aesthetics, a welldesigned façade optimises multiple functions, such as inviting daylight and facilitating ventilation, controlling heat gain, and modulating levels of privacy.
In any project, fenestration materials should be selected considering climatic compatibility, cultural relevance, local availability, and maintenance requirements. Glass can offer transparency and visual connection with the outdoors, wood infuses warmth and colour into the façade, Copper can allow a building to age gracefully as its patina develops—each material has its own characteristics, and should be selected to suit the design requirements and the context in the best possible way.
For instance, in Boat Club Apartments in Chennai, the balcony windows are designed as a combination of openable teakwood shutters and fixed glazing to allow the entry of light and wind while preventing dust. Recessed casement windows in rooms and double-height stairwells within each duplex unit ensure cross-ventilation, thus offering respite from humidity. The doors and windows are also installed with pleated, side-slide mosquito meshes and mesh shutters to keep insects out.
The façade is covered in a dry stone cladding of local Sadarhalli Grey Granite, which insulates the building thermally by creating a 40 mm wide air gap, leading to a temperature drop of at least 4 degree Celsius between the outside and the inside.
Brief on innovative fenestration designs with a combination of materials in your projects.
As architects, designers and consultants, our mantra when designing fenestrations
should be ‘form follows climate’. This environmentally conscious selection of materials can promote innovative and contextually relevant designs.
In our project, the Nirvana Films Studio in Bengaluru, we reversed the idea of walls and windows to facilitate connections to the outside — the façade is a series of transparent, fixed glass and opaque, operable louvres. The operable louvres were custom-designed and engineered in white solid acrylic surfaces and a
Boat Club Apartments in Chennai - the balcony windows are designed as a combination of openable teakwood shutters and fixed glazing
Boat Club Apartments in Chennai by SJK Architects - Recessed casement windows in rooms and double-height stairwells
hollow aluminium framework to achieve lightness, a pre-requisite for their prefabrication. These louvred shutters are interconnected and can be opened at varied angles with a customised hardware system, allowing one to modulate the amount of light and wind per their comfort. This was the first time solid acrylic surfaces were used as an exterior design element in India.
With its efficient and climate-responsive planning and fenestration design, the building uses almost no electricity for ventilation and lighting. No HVAC system is installed in the building except for the post-production space, where machinery and computers heat the space and need an extra cooling system. The design is a testament to the power of innovative design in creating sustainable architecture.
What are the key points to consider while choosing glass as a façade material for energy-efficient and cost-effective façades, windows and doors?
Selecting the right materials for the façade can significantly impact the energy- and cost-efficiency of a project.
Materials such as Low-E glass or doubleor triple-pane glass, for instance, can significantly reduce heat gain, hence reducing a structure’s energy usage;
prefabricated fenestrations can speed up the construction process and save costs. Materials with auditory considerations, such as acoustic insulating glass, are designed to reduce noise transmission by incorporating special interlayers that dampen sound waves, ensuring quieter indoor environments. As such, one should understand the design goals and select the material accordingly.
Please brief on the Latest window & door system installation technologies.
While implementing current technologies, we must aim to balance context and quality-oriented design factors such as sustainability, air permeability, noise cancellation, water tightness, safety, etc. Certified systems, supported by thorough market research and feasibility studies, can assist in selecting appropriate installation technologies for façades and fenestrations.
How do you calculate the energy efficiency of a building while designing? What are tools and methods?
The energy efficiency of a building is influenced by various factors, including heat regulation, airflow, and the insulation provided by its envelope. While there are standardised methods to calculate energy efficiency quantitatively, qualitative assessments are also possible.
Passive design strategies play a crucial role in enhancing energy efficiency. Orienting the building to minimise heat gain and maximise mutual shading, positioning windows and openings to facilitate cross ventilation, balancing hardscaped and landscaped areas, incorporating water elements to enable evaporative cooling, and using thermally insulating building materials are a few such strategies that can significantly reduce the heating and cooling loads of a building.
At SJK Architects, we integrate passive climate-mitigation strategies into every project, drawing inspiration from vernacular architecture. This approach allows us to create environments that are thermally comfortable, culturally relevant, and energy-efficient.
At the Nirvana Films Studio, we have significantly reduced operational energy consumption and costs through climateresponsive planning and fenestration design. This approach has garnered numerous national and international accolades for sustainability. Remarkably, these achievements have been attained without LEED or GRIHA certifications, underscoring that energy efficiency can be realised through qualitative measures too.
What is your take on the future of automation technologies in installing and operating energy-efficient façade and fenestration systems?
By leveraging local data and materials, automated systems can tailor façade and fenestration solutions to specific regional needs, enhancing buildings’ sustainability and contextual relevance.
The future of fenestration design lies at the intersection of tradition, innovation, technological advancement and sustainability. Embracing cultural wisdom while harnessing technological progress can help us create a built environment that resonates with its context, fosters well-being, and safeguards the planet for our future generations.
Nirvana Films Studio in Bengaluru
Efficient Façades & Fenestrations
Choosing the Right Façade & Fenestration Materials
Selecting the right façade and fenestration materials is crucial for enhancing building performance. Efficient façades act as a barrier against external elements, reducing energy consumption by improving insulation and minimising heat gain or loss. Innovative materials like high-performance glass, composite panels, and advanced cladding systems provide durability, aesthetics, and thermal efficiency. Fenestrations, including windows and doors, should
feature double or triple glazing, lowemissivity coatings, and thermally broken frames to maximise energy efficiency and comfort. By combining these advanced materials, buildings can achieve better daylighting, acoustic performance, and reduced environmental impact. The right choice not only contributes to sustainability but also enhances occupant comfort and overall building value. Thus, a careful selection of façade and fenestration materials is pivotal for
creating energy-efficient, sustainable, and visually appealing structures.
We spoke to a few architects on their choice of design elements and materials for façade and fenestration, use of glass as a building material, latest technologies and tools for efficient and effective installation, advanced automation technologies, etc. This part of the cover story provides a summary of their views and experiences on the said topics.
Sustainable Facade and fenestration design by BASICS Architects
MOST USED AND PREFERRED MATERIALS FOR FAÇADE & FENESTRATION
In contemporary architectural practice, the selection of façade and fenestration materials is pivotal to achieving both aesthetic and functional goals. Ar. Gagandeep Kapila, Founder and Principal Architect at Workshop for Metropolitan Architecture opines that traditional materials such as uPVC, aluminium, zinc, and copper continue to be innovatively employed in façade design, offering distinct advantages based on architectural style, budget considerations, climatic conditions, and sustainability objectives.
Glass remains a cornerstone of modern architecture due to its transparency, versatility, and ability to enhance natural light penetration within interior spaces. Ar. Jaideep Thareja, Founder and Principal Architect at Jaideep Thareja Architects suggests that whether used in commercial skyscrapers or residential complexes, glass façades create a sense of openness and connectivity with the external environment, blurring boundaries between indoor and outdoor spaces. Coupled with materials like uPVC, which offers superior thermal insulation and low maintenance benefits, modern façade designs achieve a balance between aesthetic appeal and functional efficiency.
The choice of façade and fenestration materials is guided by considerations of both aesthetics and energy efficiency
in modern architectural practices. Ar. Pallavi Pashine, Founder and Principal Architect at Salankar and Pashine Associates notes that glass, uPVC, aluminium, wood, zinc, and copper are among the versatile options available, each offering unique benefits depending on the project’s requirements. For example, glass is prized for its ability to maximise natural light ingress while maintaining thermal comfort through advanced coatings that mitigate solar heat gain. On the other hand, uPVC stands out for its durability, low maintenance needs, and excellent insulation properties, making it a practical choice for window frames in both residential and commercial buildings.
Wood and aluminium continue to be favoured materials in contemporary façade design, each contributing distinct characteristics that enhance architectural aesthetics and functionality. Ar. Sumit Dhawan, Founder and Principal Architect at Cityspace’82 Architects highlights that wood’s natural insulation properties make it an attractive choice for projects emphasising sustainability and warmth, while aluminium’s versatility allows for complex designs and large-scale applications. The integration of innovative materials such as composite aluminium panels and fibre cement further expands the palette of possibilities for architects seeking to push the boundaries of traditional façade design, offering texture variety, weather resistance, and pest resilience.
Juneja Retreat - Habitat Architects.
AR. GAGANDEEP KAPILA Founder and Principal Architect, Workshop for Metropolitan Architecture
AR. JAIDEEP THAREJA Founder and Principal Architect, Jaideep Thareja Architects
AR. SUMIT DHAWAN Founder and Principal Architect, Cityspace’82 Architects
AR. PALLAVI PASHINE Founder and Principal Architect, Salankar and Pashine Associates
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In the Indian architectural context, materials like glass, uPVC, and aluminium dominate the façade and fenestration market due to their durability, versatility, and modern aesthetic appeal. Vinod Singhi, Founder & Principal Architect, BASICS Architects emphasises that the selection of these materials is driven not only by their visual impact but also by their performance in enhancing energy efficiency and indoor comfort. Advanced glass coatings and insulated frame systems play a crucial role in optimising thermal insulation and reducing cooling loads, particularly in regions with diverse climate conditions. As sustainability becomes increasingly important, architects are leveraging these materials to achieve both environmental responsibility and architectural innovation in façade design.
INNOVATIVE FENESTRATION DESIGNS
“In our architectural projects, innovative fenestration designs play a crucial
role in defining the overall aesthetic and functional characteristics of the façade”. Gagandeep Kapila illustrates this with their recent project in Noida, which showcases a striking façade that combines aluminium elements with limestone cladding, creating a blend of modernity and natural beauty. The use of expansive glass windows not only enhances the building’s visual appeal but also maximises daylight penetration into interior spaces, promoting a sense of openness and connectivity with the surroundings.
“The Anand Niketan residential project exemplifies our approach to innovative fenestration design, where a combination of louvre panels and concrete mullions creates a dynamic façade that responds to both aesthetic and climatic considerations”, says Ar. Jaideep Thareja. He suggests that by strategically placing these elements, we were able to optimise natural light ingress while minimising heat gain, thereby enhancing energy efficiency and indoor comfort for occupants. Such designs illustrate the potential of fenestration as a tool for architectural expression and environmental performance.
“At Luxe Villa residential complex, our design team integrated uPVC and glass fenestration systems to achieve a harmonious balance between aesthetics and functionality”, Points out Pallavi Pashine. She highlights that the use of uPVC frames provided excellent thermal insulation and durability, while large glass windows offered panoramic views and abundant natural light, creating a
seamless connection between indoor and outdoor spaces. This approach not only enhances the visual appeal of the façade but also contributes to energy savings and sustainable building practices, reflecting our commitment to holistic design solutions.
“The Illuminati project demonstrates our innovative approach to fenestration design, where unconventional elements such as powder-coated aluminium webbing were used to create intricate patterns and fenestrations across the façade”, notes Sumit Dhawan. He adds that this design not only enhances the façade’s visual interest but also optimises natural light utilisation and mitigates solar heat gain, contributing to energy efficiency and occupant comfort. By pushing the boundaries of traditional fenestration techniques, we aim to redefine architectural aesthetics while addressing contemporary environmental challenges.
“In our Courtyard House project, fenestration design was meticulously tailored to maximise light and ventilation while maintaining privacy and aesthetic coherence”, notes Monika Choudhary, Growth Strategist, Habitat Architects . She suggests that the strategic placement of full-length louvres and expansive glass windows facilitated natural airflow and daylight penetration throughout different spaces, creating a comfortable living environment that integrates seamlessly with the surrounding landscape. Such thoughtful fenestration solutions underscore our commitment to enhancing both architectural quality and environmental performance in residential design.
The Clubhouse at GreatValue Sharanam housing complex exemplifies our innovative approach to fenestration design, where a composite façade system incorporating wooden louvres and planter screens was used to mitigate
VINOD SINGHI Founder & Principal Architect, BASICS Architects
direct sunlight exposure on the westfacing façade. Vinod Singhi highlights that by integrating natural shading elements and high-performance glazing, we were able to optimise thermal comfort and reduce cooling loads by up to 8 degrees Celsius, thereby enhancing energy efficiency and sustainability in building design.
CHOOSING GLASS FOR ENERGYEFFICIENT FAÇADES, WINDOWS, AND DOORS
Glass selection for energy-efficient façades involves careful consideration of several factors, including solar heat gain, daylighting potential, and visual transparency. Gagandeep Kapila notes that by strategically choosing glass types with low-emissivity coatings and thermal insulation properties, architects can effectively manage indoor thermal comfort while reducing reliance on artificial heating and cooling systems. Additionally, integrating shading devices such as louvres or external blinds further enhances energy performance by minimising solar heat gain during peak hours.
When selecting glass for façades, it is essential to prioritise thermal efficiency and occupant comfort. Ar. Jaideep Thareja suggests that double or triple-glazing options with advanced insulating gases improve thermal performance, reducing heat transfer and enhancing overall energy efficiency. Low-emissivity coatings on glass surfaces help reflect infrared radiation while allowing visible light transmission, striking a balance between daylighting and solar heat control. These
technological advancements in glass manufacturing enable architects to design energy-efficient buildings that meet stringent environmental standards.
Glass remains a versatile and sustainable choice for modern façade design, offering transparency, aesthetics, and thermal performance benefits. Pallavi Pashine suggests that double or triple-glazing systems with low U-values effectively minimise heat loss during winter months while preventing solar heat gain in summer, thereby reducing heating and cooling demands throughout the year. Safety and security considerations are also paramount, with options such as laminated glass providing impact resistance and protection against forced entry, ensuring both durability and peace of mind for building occupants.
Glass façade efficiency relies on innovative technologies that enhance thermal insulation and solar control capabilities. Sumit Dhawan opines that insulated glass units with gas fills and warm-edge spacers improve overall energy performance by reducing heat transfer and condensation risk. Dynamic glass solutions, such as electrochromic or thermochromic glazing, offer adjustable transparency
Cover Story
levels based on environmental conditions, optimising daylighting and privacy while minimising glare and HVAC loads. These advancements empower architects to create sustainable buildings that prioritise occupant comfort and environmental stewardship.
Automation technologies are revolutionising façade design by integrating responsive glass systems that adjust transparency and shading based on real-time environmental data. Monika Choudhary notes that electrochromic glass, for example, dynamically regulates light transmission and solar heat gain, enhancing energy efficiency and user comfort without compromising aesthetic appeal. Similarly, smart shading solutions synchronise with building management systems to optimise daylighting and thermal comfort, promoting sustainable building practices and reducing operational costs over the building’s lifecycle.
Glass selection for energy-efficient façades involves a holistic approach that considers both performance and aesthetic criteria. Vinod Singhi highlights that high-performance glazing systems, such as low-emissivity coatings and spectral-selective films, improve thermal insulation while maximising natural light ingress. Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools facilitate accurate simulation of glass performance under varying climatic conditions, enabling architects to make informed decisions that enhance building energy efficiency and occupant satisfaction. By leveraging these technologies, architects can design façades that not only meet sustainability goals but also create inspiring environments for building users.
LATEST FAÇADE AND FENESTRATION INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGIES
The installation of façades and fenestration systems has evolved significantly with the advent of advanced technologies that streamline construction processes and enhance
A project by Salankar and Pashine Associates
Integrating natural shading elements and high-performance glazing - by BASICS Architects
Cover Story Cover Story
installation precision. Gagandeep Kapila suggests that panorama and lift-andslide systems, for instance, facilitate the seamless integration of large glass panels and enhance building aesthetics while improving thermal performance. Mesh wire integration provides cost-effective solutions for privacy and ventilation requirements, ensuring structural integrity and functionality in diverse architectural contexts.
Modularisation and prefabrication techniques have revolutionised façade installation practices by enabling offsite fabrication and on-site assembly of pre-assembled components. Ar. Jaideep Thareja highlights that unitized curtain wall systems, for example, reduce construction time and site disruption while ensuring consistent quality and performance. Robotic assembly technologies further enhance installation precision and safety, minimising errors and optimising resource utilisation throughout the construction process. These advancements underscore the industry’s commitment to innovation and sustainability in façade installation practices.
Innovative installation technologies, such as unitized curtain wall systems, have transformed the construction landscape by offering off-site fabrication and onsite assembly, minimising disruption to ongoing building operations and optimising project timelines. Pallavi Pashine notes that prefabricated façade
modules, including integrated insulation and glazing units, ensure consistent quality and performance while reducing material waste and environmental impact. By embracing these advanced installation techniques, architects can achieve design excellence and operational efficiency in façade construction projects.
The adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has revolutionised façade installation practices by enabling virtual prototyping and simulation of construction sequences. Sumit Dhawan opines that BIM facilitates collaboration among architects, engineers, and contractors, optimising design coordination and ensuring seamless integration of façade systems into overall building structures. Parametric design tools further enhance customisation and performance optimisation by generating precise fabrication data for complex façade geometries, thereby promoting innovation and efficiency in construction workflows.
Façade installation technologies are advancing rapidly to meet the demands of contemporary architectural designs and
sustainability goals. Monika Choudhary suggests that modular façade systems allow for efficient on-site assembly of prefabricated components, reducing construction time and minimising waste generation. Self-supporting glass structures and tensioned membrane façades offer lightweight, flexible solutions that enhance architectural flexibility and environmental performance. These innovative technologies empower architects to realise bold design visions while achieving operational efficiency and sustainability in façade construction projects.
Technological advancements in façade installation have enhanced construction efficiency & performance while enabling architects to explore innovative design possibilities. Vinod Singhi highlights that prefabricated façade modules and unitized curtain wall systems streamline on-site assembly, reducing labor costs and project timelines while ensuring consistent quality and precision. Robotic fabrication and installation techniques improve the accuracy and safety of handling large façade components, minimising errors and optimising resource utilisation throughout the construction process. These advancements underscore the industry’s commitment to sustainable and efficient façade installation practices.
ENERGY CALCULATION
METHODOLOGIES FOR FAÇADE SYSTEMS
Energy calculation methodologies for façade systems are essential for evaluating building performance and optimising energy efficiency. Gagandeep Kapila suggests that thermal modelling software simulates heat transfer and airflow dynamics across façade elements, providing insights into potential energy savings and HVAC system requirements. Daylighting analysis tools assess natural light penetration and distribution within interior spaces, guiding optimal façade design strategies that enhance visual comfort and reduce artificial lighting demands. These methodologies
Courtyard House by Habitat Architects: glass windows facilitate natural airflow and daylight penetration
Anand Niketan residential project by Jaideep Thareja Architects
empower architects to design energyefficient buildings that prioritise occupant well-being and environmental stewardship.
Building Energy Modeling (BEM) software plays a crucial role in evaluating the thermal performance of façade systems by simulating heat transfer, solar radiation, and indoor environmental conditions. Ar. Jaideep Thareja notes that parametric modelling tools enable architects to analyse various design scenarios and optimise façade configurations based on energy efficiency metrics such as U-values, solar heat gain coefficients (SHGC), and annual energy consumption. These simulation-driven methodologies facilitate informed decision-making and enable architects to achieve sustainable building designs that meet regulatory requirements and exceed client expectations.
Advanced energy calculation methodologies, such as dynamic thermal simulation and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis, provide comprehensive insights into façade performance under diverse environmental conditions. Pallavi Pashine suggests that these tools simulate real-world scenarios, including seasonal variations and occupant behavior, to predict energy consumption, thermal comfort levels, and indoor air quality within building spaces. By integrating these methodologies into façade design processes, architects can optimise building performance, reduce operational costs, and enhance occupant satisfaction through sustainable design practices.
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodologies quantify the environmental impacts of
façade systems throughout their lifecycle, from raw material extraction to end-of-life disposal. Sumit Dhawan opines that LCA tools evaluate factors such as embodied energy, carbon footprint, and resource depletion, providing a holistic perspective on the sustainability performance of façade materials and construction practices.
Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) offer transparent data on material composition and environmental impacts, enabling architects to make informed decisions that promote eco-friendly building practices and mitigate environmental footprints associated with façade systems.
Energy calculation methodologies for façade systems incorporate dynamic simulations and performance metrics to assess thermal efficiency, daylighting potential, and indoor environmental quality. Monika Choudhary highlights that whole-building energy modeling tools analyse interactions between façade elements, HVAC systems, and occupant behaviour to optimise energy consumption and operational costs.
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These methodologies facilitate iterative design refinements and performance validation, ensuring that façade systems meet sustainable design objectives while enhancing occupant comfort and well-being. By integrating energy calculation methodologies into design workflows, architects can achieve energy-efficient buildings that deliver long-term value and environmental stewardship.
Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools facilitate energy calculation methodologies by enabling architects to simulate and analyse façade performance metrics in a virtual environment. Vinod Singhi suggests that BIM-based energy modeling software evaluates thermal dynamics, daylighting strategies, and HVAC system interactions to optimise building energy efficiency and operational performance. Parametric design tools enhance design exploration and performance optimisation by generating real-time feedback on façade configurations and material selections. These methodologies empower architects to design high-performance buildings that prioritise energy efficiency, sustainability, and occupant comfort throughout their lifecycle.
FUTURE OF AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FAÇADE AND FENESTRATION SYSTEMS
The future of automation technologies in façade and fenestration systems promises to revolutionise building performance, occupant comfort, and energy efficiency. Gagandeep Kapila opines that smart façades equipped with sensors, actuators, and adaptive controls enable realtime monitoring and adjustment of environmental conditions, optimising natural light penetration, thermal comfort, and energy consumption. Machine learning algorithms analyse data patterns to predict building performance and automate responsive actions, enhancing operational efficiency and sustainability in architectural design.
A project by Workshop for Metropolitan Architecture
Courtyard House by Habitat Architects - fenestration design was meticulously tailored to maximise light and ventilation
Cover Story
Automation technologies are poised to transform façade and fenestration systems by integrating smart sensors, actuators, and adaptive controls that optimise energy performance and occupant comfort. Ar. Jaideep Thareja suggests that responsive façades adjust shading, ventilation, and lighting conditions based on real-time environmental data, minimising energy consumption while maximising natural light ingress and indoor comfort. Predictive maintenance algorithms monitor façade components and schedule repairs proactively, ensuring optimal performance and longevity of building systems. These advancements underscore the evolution towards intelligent building designs that prioritise sustainability and user well-being.
The evolution of automation technologies in façade and fenestration systems represents a paradigm shift towards responsive building designs that enhance energy efficiency, occupant comfort, and environmental sustainability. Pallavi Pashine highlights that smart materials, such as electrochromic glass and phase change materials, dynamically respond to changing environmental conditions by adjusting transparency, thermal insulation, and heat storage capabilities. IoT-enabled sensors and building management systems integrate data analytics to optimise façade operations, facilitating proactive maintenance, energy management, and user-centric design solutions.
Future automation technologies in façade and fenestration systems will leverage artificial intelligence and IoT advancements to create intelligent building envelopes that adapt to environmental conditions and occupant needs in real time. Sumit Dhawan suggests that machine learning algorithms analyse sensor data to optimise shading, ventilation, and daylighting strategies, reducing energy consumption and enhancing indoor environmental quality. Integrated Building Automation Systems (BAS) enable centralised control and monitoring of façade components, promoting operational efficiency and sustainability across diverse architectural contexts.
Automation technologies are driving innovation in façade and fenestration systems by enabling adaptive designs that respond intelligently to environmental cues. Monika Choudhary opines that sensor-equipped façades adjust shading, glazing tint, and ventilation parameters based on realtime data inputs, optimising thermal comfort and energy performance throughout the day. Machine learning algorithms forecast weather patterns and occupant behaviour to preemptively adjust façade settings, minimising energy waste and enhancing building resilience. These advancements herald a future where intelligent façades play a pivotal role in sustainable building design and operational efficiency.
The future of automation technologies in façade and fenestration systems is characterised by interconnected solutions that enhance building performance, occupant comfort, and environmental sustainability. Vinod Singhi highlights that smart sensors and actuators embedded within façade components enable autonomous operation and real-time adjustment of lighting, shading, and ventilation parameters. Predictive analytics and machine learning algorithms optimise energy consumption and maintenance schedules, prolonging façade lifespan and reducing operational costs. These innovations underscore a transformative shift towards adaptive building designs that prioritise efficiency, resilience, and user-centricity in architectural practice.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the choice of design elements and materials for façades and fenestrations significantly impacts a building’s performance and aesthetics. Utilizing glass as a building material offers transparency, natural light, and modern appeal. Latest technologies like smart glass, energy-efficient coatings, and precision manufacturing ensure effective installation and enhanced thermal performance. Advanced automation technologies, such as motorised shading systems and smart window controls, further optimise energy use and occupant comfort. Integrating these innovations results in sustainable, efficient, and visually compelling buildings, reflecting the synergy between design, technology, and functionality.
Innovative facade design by Workshop for Metropolitan Architecture
Glass remains a versatile and sustainable choice for modern façade design - A project by Cityspace 82 Architects
Industry Speaks
“We Plan to Grow by 20% YoY and Hence are Continuously Expanding Our Capacities”
PP PRABHAKARAN Business Head, OBEN Accessories, NCL VEKA Pvt. Ltd.
PP Prabhakaran is the Business Head – OBEN Accessories at NCL VEKA. He has over 4 decades of industry experience. Mr. Prabhakaran has worked 20 years in the Air-conditioning & Refrigeration industry and 20 years in the PVC industry. His domain experience includes supply chain, sales & marketing. Having been associated with the uPVC industry for 17 years, he is a System Specialist. He has been with the company VEKA for 9 years and held additional responsibilities as the Head–Technical and CEO of a subsidiary for over 3 years.
WFM interacted with Mr. Prabhakaran to know more about the market for uPVC windows in India compared to other window materials, the advantages of uPVC as a material for façade and fenestration, the role played by VEKA as a brand in the evolution of uPVC windows & doors, the journey of VEKA in India and the major milestones achieved by the company, the major challenges faced by the uPVC industry, and the future expansion plans of NCL VEKA. Here are the excerpts from the interview.
VEKA manufacturing plant with a built-up area of 250,000 Sft. located near Hyderabad
We have been using wood, aluminium and uPVC windows and doors. How is uPVC as a material more sustainable than others?
Compared to conventional window materials like wood, steel and aluminium, uPVC profiles emerged as a more sustainable alternative because of:
• Functionality: High insulation, low maintenance, weatherproof, dustproof and soundproof.
• Aesthetics: Good look, a neat and clean factory-finished system
• Prefabrication: Ease of fabrication and installation, ideal for large-scale construction
• Airconditioning usage: Better heat insulation resulting in around 30% energy-saving
What are the advantages of uPVC as a material over the others like aluminium?
Unlike aluminium, which has poor thermal insulation due to high thermal conductivity, heat absorption is reduced drastically in uPVC due to wider profile depth and multi-chamber sections.
Because of mechanical jointing in aluminium systems, corners render
poor results from acoustic insulation angle, whereas in uPVC, it is excellent in terms of acoustic insulating properties because of multi-chambered profile sections and welded and leakproof corners.
Conservation of energy is another major advantage with uPVC because aluminium requires three times more energy for production compared to uPVC.
Industry Speaks
uPVC will not warp, lasts for a lifetime, and surface quality is maintained throughout its life. Whereas aluminium can warp, and the anodising/powder coating wears out and corrosion sets in.
Please tell us about the introduction of uPVC windows and doors in India.
uPVC windows were initially launched during the late 1980s and early 1990s. But was a non-starter, owing to the adoption of the wrong business model, lack of concept selling and existing materials well entrenched. Further, in those days Indians in general had a poor perception about plastics.
However, from early 2000 onwards more organised efforts were put in by Indian and European companies. The uPVC industry was able to change the perceived mindset about uPVC windows.
Having originated in Europe, the initial profile/system designs were mainly suited for European climatic conditions and window types. Over the years various India-specific profiles/systems have been developed.
Compared to conventional window materials like wood, steel and aluminium, uPVC profiles emerged as a more sustainable alternative
uPVC windows are excellent in terms of acoustic insulating properties because of multi-chambered profile sections and welded and leakproof corners
Industry Speaks
What is the role played by VEKA as a brand in the evolution of uPVC windows & doors?
We started with 4 extrusion lines and 20 dies in 2009. Presently we have 28 extrusion lines with more than 150 dies in a factory spread over 250,000 sft.
We sold over 15,000 tonnes in FY 2023-24. We are growing at a CAGR of 20%. Over the years, VEKA has grown as a market leader in the country both in terms of market share and production capacity.
We also have a business vertical dealing with uPVC hardware under the brand name OBEN, which is the registered trademark of NCL VEKA for hardware, offering customised solutions to fabricators.
Tell us about the market for uPVC windows in India compared to other window materials.
In the first 20 years after its introduction, the market share of uPVC in India was 22% as against 15% in Germany, i.e. India witnessed a faster adoption rate. The current market share of uPVC is more than 60%.
Please tell us about the company VEKA and your journey in India. What were the major milestones?
NCL VEKA is a joint venture company between VEKA AG, Germany, and NCL Group, India. VEKA, with a track record of over 50 years, is the Global leader in uPVC profile systems with 23 production plants across 4 continents, and has its headquarters in Sendenhorst, Germany.
The major milestone is the setting up of the state-of-the-art new factory near Hyderabad in 2019 with enhanced production capacity.
Where are your manufacturing plants located? Tell us about the present production and the capacity.
The main plant with a built-up area of 250,000 Sft. is located near Hyderabad. The production facility consists of 28 extrusion
lines with a production capacity of 28,000 tonnes of uPVC profiles per annum.
Our manufacturing facilities also include two fabrication units in Hyderabad and Bangalore for fabricating windows & doors for large project clients in South India. It has the capacity to fabricate more than 150,000 sft. of uPVC windows & doors per month.
Tell us more about your plant. What is the role played by automation?
At our factory, we have a fully automated uPVC compounding plant wherein raw materials are mixed according to the formulations, and the mixed compound is stored in silos (large storage tanks of 15 – 20 tonnes capacity) and then fed to the extrusion lines.
During compounding or distribution to the extrusion lines, no manual handling is involved.
What are the testing methods used to ensure the quality of VEKA products?
We are equipped to test the following quality parameters at our factory
to ensure the quality of our VEKA products.
• Raw materials are tested for bulk density, moisture content and particle size.
• Profiles are tested for dimensions, gloss, visual appearance, heat reversion, cold impact, thermal stability, Vicat softening, impact strength and weld strength of corner joints.
Please brief on NCL VEKA’s business models and operations in India. How do you support your fabricators?
The uPVC profiles business runs on a hub and spoke model i.e. the extrusion companies supply profiles to fabricators who in turn fabricate and install the windows.
NCL VEKA is a one-stop solution provider to our fabricators, and we supply profiles and accessories required for the windows.
From our extrusion facility in Hyderabad, we supply profiles and accessories to our 180 authorised fabricators spread across more than 100 cities and towns.
IIT-Hyderabad - with VEKA windows and doors
With an objective to provide the end consumer with the best quality products and services, we support our fabricators in the following areas:
• Factory setup & machinery procurement
• Design and software with ongoing support
• Training programmes at regular intervals
• Sales & marketing
We have the largest marketing and technical team in the uPVC profile industry to support our fabricators.
What are the major challenges faced by the company?
The profile industry is majorly dependent on imported raw materials. Pandemics, war, and bilateral relations pose challenges.
Small extruders with low-quality standards are impacting price and general standards. This percolates to fabricators and end consumers impacting the uPVC industry. China and Germany are extreme examples.
In China, uPVC market share has been depleting because of low quality standards, whereas in Germany the industry has been doing well because of the standards being maintained.
BIS has introduced standards for uPVC profiles. However, the adoption of standards across the construction industry could be a challenge.
What are the prospects for uPVC fenestration in the Indian market, and what are the major drivers?
Where do you see the uPVC door and window industry by 2030, or the next 10 years?
The prospect for uPVC fenestration in the Indian market looks bright with the following major growth drivers.
• Windows becoming a more ‘involved’ purchase and it is among the fastest-growing building materials
• In a growing market, uPVC is expected to take a larger piece of the pie
• Market size of approximately 130,000 tonnes in 2023
• More than 50 extrusion companies
• More than 3000 fabricators
Industry Speaks
In the next 10 years:
• Faster adoption rate in India, phenomenal growth from 22% to 40 - 45%
• 10000 fabricators, 10x dealers
• Opportunities – Urbanisation, home improvements, smart windows, more variety, replacement and service
• A window showroom at every street corner
• Window dealers with showrooms will play a significant role
• A window will no longer be just a window; in the future, it will be much smarter and not just a mere architectural element
What are the future plans of NCL VEKA as one of the largest brands in the window and door market?
Our investment in the uPVC industry is the highest in the country.
We plan to grow by 20% YoY and hence are continuously expanding our capacities. We not only invest in expanding our capacities but also in the upgradation of machinery and processes for enhancing efficiencies i.e. both quality and productivity. We also invest in new profiles to provide a wider range for discerning Indian consumers.
The prospect for uPVC fenestration in the Indian market looks bright
Twin sash & grill
Profiles are tested for dimensions, gloss, visual appearance, heat reversion, cold impact, thermal stability, etc.
Trosifol® ExtraStiff Pro - An Unmatched Structural PVB Interlayer in the Market
Saugaat Inc. is dedicated to pioneering innovative solutions and products. We are thrilled to introduce Kuraray’s latest breakthrough the Trosifol® ExtraStiff Pro Structural PVB interlayer. Engineered for highperformance and demanding structural glazing projects, this advanced interlayer provides architects, designers, and engineers with unparalleled design flexibility and superior structural integrity.
Over recent years, the options for highquality interlayers have been limited. However, Trosifol® ExtraStiff Pro now sets a new standard with its superior structural properties, unmatched by any other Structural PVB interlayer in the market. Key features of Trosifol® ExtraStiff Pro include:
• Stiffness: Enhanced Glass Coupling Effect
Trosifol® ExtraStiff Pro offers improved stiffness, providing better performance in load-bearing applications. This increased stiffness ensures higher performance
and reliability in demanding structural environments.
• Strength: Superior Post-GlassBreakage Performance
In the event of glass breakage, Trosifol® ExtraStiff Pro maintains high strength and resistance to deflection, ensuring continued protection and structural integrity under load.
• Stability: Enhanced Edge Stability
With improved edge stability, this interlayer is ideal for open-edge applications, ensuring durability and aesthetic appeal over time.
• Clarity: Neutral Colour for Optimal Aesthetics
The neutral colour appearance of Trosifol® ExtraStiff Pro perfectly complements lowiron glass, making it an excellent choice for glazed façades and structures where visual appeal is paramount.
• Sustainability: Greater Efficiency and Environmental Benefits
The superior stiffness of this interlayer allows for the use of thinner and lighter glass, reducing the need for larger fixtures and enhancing sustainability in architectural designs.
Trosifol® ExtraStiff Pro is the ultimate choice for professionals seeking the highest level of performance in structural glazing applications. Its advanced properties enable more innovative and flexible design solutions, setting a new benchmark in the industry.
Saugaat Inc. is actively leading the way in innovative solutions through partnerships with H.B. Fuller|Kömmerling (USA) and Edgetech Europe GmbH (Germany), underscoring their commitment to excellence in the glass industry.
Pioneering Smart Home Solutions for Modern Living from SIEGENIA
The smart home has evolved from a futuristic dream to a tangible reality, transforming how we live and interact with our surroundings. At the forefront is SIEGENIA, pioneering smart home solutions that offer unparalleled comfort, security, and energy efficiency. By seamlessly integrating various elements of home automation, SIEGENIA sets a new standard for intelligent living.
CENTRALIZED CONTROL AND INTELLIGENT SCENARIOS
Imagine a home where everything is interconnected and controlled centrally, creating a harmonious living environment. SIEGENIA’s approach centers on universal networking, allowing devices from different manufacturers to work together. This integration creates intelligent scenarios that adapt to your lifestyle, ensuring maximum convenience and security.
A standout feature is the world’s first central locking system for homes. This system allows the front door, windows, sliding doors, and garage door to close
and lock automatically with a simple voice command or app. Upon returning home, the house unlocks and opens doors, adjusts lighting, and ensures fresh air circulation through motorized windows and ventilators.
SIEGENIA’S SMART HOME INNOVATIONS
SIEGENIA’s commitment to innovation is evident in its products. The DRIVE CL motor for windows, the smart window handle, and the DRIVE axxent LS for sliding doors enhance everyday convenience. Additionally, the fully motorized AS 2600 GENIUS multi-point lock provides a seamless entry experience, while sensorcontrolled ventilators ensure optimal air quality and energy efficiency.
These products integrate into the Matter smart home standard, a platformindependent system that facilitates effortless device communication. Using WIFI or Thread technology, SIEGENIA’s solutions offer fast and reliable connectivity, enabling homeowners to control their smart home through voice commands or a central app.
PRACTICAL SCENARIOS FOR EVERYDAY LIVING
SIEGENIA’s smart home solutions simplify and enhance daily life:
• Central Locking: Ensure all doors and windows are securely locked with a single tap.
• Coming Home: Experience a welcoming home that opens up automatically and brings alive the scenario created by the owner e.g. adjusting lights and blinds
• Leaving Home: Enhance security and energy efficiency by ensuring everything is closed and locked when you leave.
• Night-time Cooling: Improve air quality and reduce energy consumption by automatically ventilating your home during cooler nighttime hours.
CONCLUSION
SIEGENIA redefines the smart home experience with innovative products and intelligent integration. Prioritizing comfort, security, and energy efficiency, SIEGENIA crafts lifestyles that adapt to modern living needs. The magic of a smart home, as envisioned by SIEGENIA, offers a seamless blend of technology and convenience that transforms modern living.
For more details on the product, contact:
SIEGENIA India Pvt. Ltd. Plot no. 52, Sector 37, Udyog Vihar Phase VI, Gurugram 122001, Haryana, India.
Email: info-in@siegenia.com
Website: www.siegenia.com
Contact: +91- 9971177168
Product Watch
Sliding Doors & Windows from Koemmerling: Elegance Meets Efficiency
Koemmerling, a brand of profine GmbH, Germany, and a leading name in the uPVC windows and door industry excels in offering highquality sliding door and window solutions. Renowned for their innovation, durability, and eco-friendliness, Koemmerling sliding doors and windows are the epitome of elegance and efficiency. These sliding doors and windows have various features and benefits as below:
• Innovation in Design
Koemmerling’s sliding doors and windows cater to modern architectural demands with sleek profiles and large glass panes. This design allows for unobstructed views and ample natural light, integrating seamlessly with various architectural styles, from contemporary homes to commercial buildings. They are available in various configurations, sizes, and finishes.
• High-Quality Materials
Koemmerling sliding doors and windows are manufactured using the high-quality uPVC, known for its durability, resistance to extreme weather conditions, and low maintenance requirements. Unlike traditional materials, uPVC does not corrode, warp, or fade, ensuring that the doors and
windows maintain their appearance and functionality over time.
• Energy Efficiency
Koemmerling uPVC frames offer excellent thermal insulation, reducing heat gain in summer and heat loss in winter. This efficiency lowers heating and cooling costs and reduces the carbon footprint, contributing to a more sustainable environment.
• Smooth Operation
Koemmerling sliding doors and windows are engineered for smooth and effortless operations. High-quality rollers and precision-engineered tracks ensure that the doors and windows open and close with ease. This attention to detail in the mechanics guarantees a seamless user experience, making these systems a joy to use in any architectural style.
• Enhanced Security
Koemmerling prioritizes security with robust locking mechanisms and multipoint locks, providing homeowners peace of mind. These features ensure that the products are not only elegant but also offer top-notch protection against intruders.
• Noise Reduction
In addition to Koemmerling sliding doors and windows offer excellent sound insulation, thanks to their robust construction and high-quality seals. This feature is particularly beneficial for homes and offices located in busy urban areas or near noisy environments.
• Low Maintenance
uPVC’s resistance to dirt means Koemmerling sliding doors and windows require minimal upkeep. A simple cleaning routine keeps them looking new, and the materials’ durability minimizes the need for frequent repairs or replacements.
• Sustainability
Another big advantage of Koemmerling is its commitment towards Sustainability, and this commitment is reflected in its recyclable uPVC products, which are 100% lead-free and environmentally friendly. The use of calcium and zinc-based stabilizers instead of lead compounds underscores their dedication to eco-friendly practices.
Koemmerling sliding doors’ and windows’ innovative design, superior materials, and sustainable practices set a high standard in the industry. They are the reliable and stylish solution for aesthetic enhancement, energy efficiency, or increased security.
B1 FIRE PU Foam & STP Base Adhesive from Kingston
Introducing the Kingston B1 Fire Retardant PU Foam, a specialized variant of our expanding PU foam designed to provide enhanced fire protection. This foam is specifically formulated to meet stringent fire safety standards, making it highly suitable for applications in fire-prone zones.
Experience the peace of mind knowing that the Kingston B1 Fire Retardant PU Foam offers exceptional fire retardant properties. It acts as a barrier, reducing the spread of flames and minimizing the risk of fire hazards. This makes it an ideal choice for genset rooms, kitchens, safety rooms, hospitals, labs, and any area where fire safety is paramount.
Choose the Kingston B1 Fire Retardant PU Foam to enhance fire safety in your surroundings. Its specialized formulation provides reliable protection, giving you valuable time to respond to emergencies and evacuate safely.
Trust in the Kingston B1 Fire Retardant PU Foam to provide
exceptional fire protection in critical areas. Elevate your fire safety measures with the peace of mind that comes from using a foam specifically engineered for fire retardancy.
Features
• Specialized variant of expanding PU foam with enhanced fire retardant properties.
• Acts as a barrier to reduce the spread of flames, making it highly suitable for fire-prone zones.
• Ideal for applications in genset rooms, kitchens, safety rooms, hospitals, labs, & other areas where fire safety is crucial.
• Provides valuable time for response and evacuation in case of fire emergencies.
Kingston X All Ultra 999 Crystal Clear Adhesive
Kingston X All Ultra 999 Crystal Clear Adhesive is a high-performance, multipurpose adhesive designed for applications requiring complete transparency of the final bond or seal. This heavy-duty adhesive offers excellent bonding, sealing, and filling capabilities across a wide range of surfaces and in
various weather conditions. Its 100% transparency ensures a crystal-clear finish without any milkiness or cloudiness, making it ideal for applications where aesthetics is crucial.
Features:
• 100% Transparent: Ensures a clear, non-milky, and non-cloudy finish.
• Permanent Flexibility and Elasticity: Maintains its flexibility & elasticity over time, ensuring long-lasting durability.
• High Adhesive Strength: Provides strong adhesion to a variety of surfaces, ensuring reliable performance.
• All-Weather Performance: Suitable for use in all weather conditions, making it versatile for both indoor and outdoor applications.
For more details on the product, contact:
Kingston Multi Products India Pvt Ltd
E mail: info@kingstonindia.in
Website: www.kingstonindia.in
Contact: 011-47047914, 011-27357978/79
Innovative Detachable Handle Solution for Secure Window Operation
The double “T” transmission components in the new design provide a secure fit for the handle over the base, enabling the user to pull the handle for casement opening and swivel it to tilt the window. This feature enhances the versatility and functionality of the handle.
Additionally, the design includes a clipping mechanism that integrates a retaining component into the assembly. This component prevents the handle from coming out of the grooves during normal cremone use, ensuring it remains installed and operative as long as needed. Users can also leave the window tilted with the handle in place without risk of it falling out. To remove the handle, the end user simply needs to press the retention clip lightly.
In today’s market, security has become a top priority for customers, driving the evolution of cremones and handles towards systems incorporating mechanisms that restrict the window opening through detachable handles. Alualpha’s leading product in this category is the DETACHABLE CREMONE, renowned for its high standards of quality and innovation. This product has become highly desirable in the market for cremones with removable handles.
Responding to customer demands for smaller, sleeker mechanisms, Alualpha has introduced the DETACHABLE HANDLE to their hardware range. This new product provides a robust and solid solution for the demanding door and window hardware market. One of its standout features is an audible “click” that signals the handle has reached its active positions, ensuring the user knows it is being used correctly.
Both the detachable cremone and handle are distinguished by their innovative design. The cremone features a base component over the backplate with a “TT” shaped double slot, replacing the traditional squared cavity. This design ensures the handle assembly is securely attached to the base mechanism. Similarly, the handle incorporates a corresponding counter shape, allowing the user to slot it into the base, eliminating the risk of it falling off.
Overall, Alualpha’s new detachable handle offers a combination of security, functionality, and ease of use, making it a compelling choice in the door and window hardware market.
Product Watch
Greenlam HPL Cladding: A Blend of Versatility, Durability and Elegance
High-pressure laminate cladding, commonly known as HPL cladding, is a preferred choice for exterior surfacing in residential and commercial properties. Its luxurious and classy appeal is enhanced by a wide variety of textures, shades, and styles, making it a versatile material for various design needs.
UNDERSTANDING HPL EXTERIOR CLADDING
HPL exterior cladding, is crafted from multiple layers of resin-impregnated kraft paper, topped with a decorative layer and a protective overlay. These layers are pressed together under high heat and pressure, resulting in a durable and long-lasting material. HPL cladding serves as an excellent alternative to traditional materials such as wood, brick, and stone, offering a costeffective and easy-to-install solution.
BENEFITS OF HPL EXTERIOR WALL CLADDING
• Durability: HPL cladding is known for its resistance to impacts, scratches, and weathering, making it suitable for high-traffic areas and harsh outdoor conditions.
• Low Maintenance: It requires minimal upkeep, needing only occasional cleaning with soap and water, and does not require painting or sealing.
• Aesthetic Appeal: Available in a vast range of colors, patterns, and textures, HPL cladding allows for extensive design customization to enhance a building’s visual appeal.
• Energy Efficiency: HPL cladding can provide insulation, aiding in the reduction of heating and cooling costs and contributing to the building’s energy efficiency.
• Fire Resistance: Fire-rated versions of HPL cladding offer additional protection against fire hazards, which is crucial for high-rise buildings and other firesensitive areas.
• Environmental Sustainability: Made from natural materials like kraft paper and resin, HPL cladding is recyclable and produced using low-emission manufacturing processes, making it an eco-friendly choice.
ADVANTAGES OF GREENLAM EXTERIOR CLADS
• Variety: They come in an array of patterns, styles, and colours.
• Ease of Installation: These clads can be easily applied over existing surfaces, simplifying the installation process.
• Elegant and Functional: Greenlam clads combine sophisticated aesthetics with functional benefits.
• Durability: They are UV resistant, fire retardant, and generally resistant to scratches, stains, cracks, and chemicals.
• Versatility: Suitable for various applications including facades, gates, balconies, ceilings, louvres, pergolas, and CNC designs. Application areas are endless.
• Wide Acceptance: Greenlam exterior clads are widely accepted across multiple sectors including hospitality, education, retail, healthcare, commercial, and residential spaces.
WHY CHOOSE GREENLAM EXTERIOR CLADS?
Greenlam Exterior Clads offer a unique 12year warranty on their cladding solutions, ensuring long-term reliability and peace of mind. The Clads are manufactured with UV-treated European paper and advanced GLE technology, making them resilient against extreme weather conditions such as intense heat, cold, and rain. Additionally, Greenlam provides superior-quality rivets as part of their cladding system, ensuring robust and secure installations. With a wide array of interesting patterns and shades, Greenlam Exterior Clads cater to diverse architectural themes, allowing for creative and customized design solutions. Furthermore, Greenlam ensures promising service from their dedicated team, making them a trusted choice for high-quality cladding needs.
For more details on the product, contact:
Greenlam Industries Limited
Email: info@greenlam.com
Website: www.greenlamclads.com
Contact: 1800 833 0004
Product Watch
Smoke & Heat Evacuation: Natural Smoke & Heat Evacuation System from Mowin
In most cases of fire, the main causes of death, in addition to poisoning or burns, are suffocation due to gases and fumes that have no way of escaping. This risk is heightened because rescue teams cannot intervene quickly in smoke-filled buildings to evacuate people and extinguish the fire. Even without people involved, promptly evacuating fumes limits damage to goods and systems.
For 50 years, Comunello has developed technology to serve its customers. The new Mowin window drives range offers high technical content to ensure safety during fires. Initially experimental, providing smoke and heat control systems that comply with regulations has become necessary and often mandatory.
One effective system is the Natural Smoke and Heat Evacuation System (NSHEV). This system combines windows and actuators,
which can withstand high temperatures up to 300 degrees. It creates a smoke-free layer at least 2.5 meters high during a fire, aiding evacuation and rescue operations. As smoke rises due to its higher temperature, evacuators placed at the top of wall compartments and roofs facilitate the escape of smoke and the entry of fresh air, directing smoke upwards. Control panels connected to the actuators ensure the
evacuators open in emergencies, even without continuous electricity, thanks to backup batteries.
The European Directive EN 12101 is one of the strictest regulations, outlining performance evaluation methods and criteria for NSHEV. It mandates that evacuators and actuators be certified according to rigorous strength and reliability tests. These regulations are recognised internationally, underscoring their safety for certified actuator installations.
Comunello’s new MOWIN actuators, series L40 and L40 Slim, offer high performance validated through NSHEV qualification tests by notified bodies. These actuators are particularly suited for incorporation in evacuators and allow the creation of smoke and heat dissipation openings on existing window frames. They are reliable enough for natural daily ventilation. Tested within a window system, the actuators comply with EN 12101-2, functioning at temperatures up to 300°C and down to -5°C, ensuring operation in extreme conditions. They have also been tested for air pressure up to 1500 pascals, challenging their opening capacity and strength. The most complex test involves the actuators’ performance during a fire after up to 20,000 operating cycles in a short time. This stress test ensures the high standards and quality of the actuators, providing maximum safety when installed in a smoke and heat evacuation system.
For more details on the product, contact:
Doctor Window Pvt. Ltd.
Website: www.doctorwindow.com
Email: support@doctorwindow.com
Phone: +91 75054 44444
Twenty-Five Years of SentryGlas®: Revolutionising Architectural Design
For a quarter-century, SentryGlas® ionoplast interlayer by Kuraray has transformed architectural projects, offering a superior alternative to polyvinyl butyral (PVB), the longstanding laminated glass interlayer since the 1930s. Initially launched as SentryGlas® Plus or SGP to distinguish it from early hurricane glazing composites, the name was later simplified to SentryGlas®. Initially available in 60- and 90-mil sheets, the product range expanded over time to include 35-mil sheets for both hurricane and architectural markets, as well as 35-mil rolls, an impressive achievement given the stiffness of the material. In 2012, SentryGlas® White was introduced, further broadening its applications in vertical and overhead structures.
Stiffness: A Key Property
The stiffness of SentryGlas® is crucial for minimally supported glass applications, significantly enhancing post-breakage performance. Unlike traditional plasticised interlayers, SentryGlas® is extruded without plasticisers, preventing delamination in “open edge” applications. This feature made it invaluable for architects moving away from traditional glazing systems. Dr. Stephen Bennison, Technical Fellow at
Kuraray, noted that SentryGlas® enables efficient coupling of glass, resulting in stronger, structurally efficient laminates that maintain performance even at elevated temperatures of 50°C (122°F) and above. This allows for the design of thinner, lighter, and larger laminates with superior structural performance.
Partnership with Pilkington’s Planar™ System
In the mid-2000s, a partnership was formed with Pilkington, leading to the development of the Planar™/SentryGlas® System. This collaboration combined Pilkington’s engineering expertise with DuPont’s scientific knowledge to create a state-ofthe-art bolted glass system. Compared to PVB laminates, SentryGlas® solutions are 15% thinner and 66% stronger, offering significant advantages in structural efficiency.
Global Impact and Iconic Projects
SentryGlas® made its European debut with the Endesa Headquarters in Madrid, featuring an expansive atrium roof and façades constructed with laminated glass. The project, built between 2001 and 2003, utilised 861 point-fixed laminated glass panes in various shapes and sizes, all with three-layer construction of 90-mil SentryGlas®. Another notable project is the Shanghai Oriental Arts Center, which opened in 2004. This cultural venue features laminated glass façades combined with perforated metal sheeting for sun screening, showcasing the design versatility of SentryGlas®.
The Grand Canyon Skywalk, which opened in 2007, exemplifies SentryGlas®’s capabilities. This U-shaped observation platform extends seventy feet over the canyon’s edge, 4,000 feet above the Colorado River, and features multiple glass plies of Saint-Gobain Diamant glass and SentryGlas® interlayer. The project required a collaboration of architects, engineers, construction experts, and glass suppliers to ensure safety, strength, stiffness, and optical clarity, providing visitors with an unparalleled experience of floating above the canyon.
The Future of SentryGlas®
The twenty-five-year history of SentryGlas® has significantly impacted laminated glass usage, enabling a new class of structural laminated glass. Its introduction, along with advanced design tools and knowhow, has made daring architectural projects possible, where the stiffness and strength of the laminate are critical to performance. The ability of SentryGlas® to maintain structural integrity postbreakage is vital for applications such as glass fins, canopies, and railings. Its structural efficiency also contributes to reducing the carbon footprint of façades by minimising the amount of glass and supporting materials needed.
For more details on the product, contact:
Kuraray India Pvt. Ltd.
A-110, Boomerang Building, Chandivali Farm Road, Chandivali, Andheri East –Mumbai 400072, Maharashtra INDIA
Sumit Banerjee
Manager – Sales & Marketing - India
Website: www.kuraray.com
Email: sumit.banerjee@kuraray.com
Phone: +91- 9987556733
VALERIE BLOCK
Consultant to FTI, Façade Tectonics Institute, Inc.
Product Watch
Window Techs’ Insulated Glass Blinds: Enhancing Energy Efficiency in India
Insulated glass blinds (IGBs), a relatively new technology in India, offered by Window Techs, is an effective solution to the summer challenges.
India, with its diverse climate, faces significant challenges in maintaining energy efficiency within buildings. High temperatures in summer and considerable heat loss in winter necessitate solutions that can adapt to these varying conditions. Window Techs, the premium manufacturer of insulated glass blinds in India, brings forth a revolutionary product designed to enhance energy efficiency in Indian homes and commercial spaces.
Functionality and Benefits
Insulated glass blinds integrate traditional blinds within double-glazed window units. This encapsulation provides several advantages. IGBs can be raised, lowered, or tilted to control light and privacy, offering the functionality of regular blinds but with added benefits. The integration within the glass unit protects the blinds from dust, moisture, and damage, ensuring minimal maintenance.
Energy Efficiency
One of the significant advantages of IGBs is their contribution to energy efficiency. In summer, IGBs help reduce solar heat gain, keeping interiors cooler and reducing the need for air conditioning. Conversely, during winter, the double-glazed design offers superior insulation, retaining heat and reducing heating costs. This dual functionality is particularly beneficial in India, where regions experience both extreme heat and cold.
Research Insights
Research conducted in Europe has demonstrated the effectiveness of IGBs in reducing energy consumption and improving thermal comfort. For instance, a study in the UK revealed that integrating blinds within double-glazed units significantly reduced energy loss and
improved indoor temperature regulation. This European research has been mirrored in Indian conditions through a study conducted in Jaipur. The study found that homes with IGBs experienced a 20% reduction in cooling energy demand during summer and a 15% reduction in heating energy demand during winter, showcasing the technology’s adaptability to the Indian climate.
Case Study: Jaipur Research
In Jaipur, a region known for its hot summers and chilly winters, a residential building was equipped with IGBs from Window Techs. Over a year, energy consumption for cooling was reduced by 20%, while heating energy demand dropped by 15%. The study also highlighted an improvement in indoor thermal comfort, with residents reporting fewer instances of uncomfortable temperatures.
Conclusion
Insulated glass blinds are a promising solution for energy efficiency in India’s varied climate. By reducing energy consumption for both heating and cooling, IGBs offer a sustainable way to enhance indoor comfort and reduce energy bills. Window Techs, as the leading manufacturer of IGBs in India, provides a product that is not only technologically advanced but also tailored to meet the unique demands of Indian weather conditions. Embracing this innovation can lead to significant energy savings and contribute to a more sustainable future.
For more information, contact:
Plot No. 805, Sector 69, IMT Faridabad, 121004, Haryana, India
Website: www.windowtechs.co.in
Email: info@windowtechs.in
Phone: +91-99588 03531
Sustainability Meets Design: Metal Composite Panels in Modern Fenestration
In contemporary architecture, fenestration plays a fundamental role in defining buildings’ aesthetic and functional aspects. The choice of materials used in fenestration—comprising windows, doors, and other openings— significantly influences the overall design, sustainability, and performance of a structure. Among these materials, metal is a superior choice, especially when utilized in metal composite panels (MCPs).
VERSATILITY & CUSTOMISATION WITH METAL COMPOSITE PANELS
One of the foremost advantages of using metal in fenestration is the unparalleled versatility it offers. Metal composite panels, particularly those made from aluminum, zinc, and copper can be customised to meet specific project requirements. Aludecor’s range of MCPs, available in various sizes and a variety of shades and textures, allows architects to push the boundaries of design. This flexibility is crucial in creating parametric architecture, where unique shapes and forms are crafted to achieve an avant-garde aesthetic.
Aluminium doors & windows are favoured in modern architecture for their durability, sustainability, and aesthetics, especially in extreme climates, offering long-lasting, non-corrosive, and eco-friendly solutions. Their moisture resistance prevents
or
and reliability.
ENHANCING AESTHETIC AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES
Metal facades do more than just provide a sleek and modern look; they enhance the structural integrity of the building. The use of different types of cores like aluminium honeycomb cores of various cell sizes and thicknesses allows superior durability, enhancing strength without adding extra weight, resistance to environmental elements, and longevity.
Talking particularly about zinc, it can outlive you in terms of longevity without tampering with the aesthetics while also being almost 100% recyclable. That being said, these metals not only withstand harsh weather conditions but also maintain their appearance and performance over time.
SUSTAINABILITY & SAFETY
In today’s eco-conscious world, sustainability is a key consideration in architectural design. Aludecor’s metal composite panels are designed with sustainability in mind, incorporating a minimum of 30% recycled metal. This eco-friendly approach not only reduces the environmental impact of construction but also helps projects earn valuable
green points, contributing to certifications like LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), GRIHA etc.
Moreover, metal composite panels offer superior safety features. They provide excellent fire resistance, an essential attribute for any building material used in fenestration.
PARAMETRIC ARCHITECTURE & METAL CLADDING
The concept of parametric architecture, driven by sophisticated algorithms to craft intricate and dynamic structures, finds its perfect companion in metal cladding. Metals, with their remarkable ability to be shaped into virtually any form, empower architects to push the boundaries of creativity, producing designs that are not only functional but also visually captivating. Aludecor’s metal composite panels (MCPs) elevate this potential, enabling architects to bring their most ambitious and imaginative visions to life, turning everyday buildings into stunning architectural masterpieces.
The importance of metal in fenestration cannot be overstated. From enhancing structural properties and offering design versatility to promoting sustainability and safety, metal composite panels are indispensable in modern architecture. Aludecor’s extensive range of MCPs empowers architects to create innovative, sustainable, and visually stunning buildings.
For more details on the product, contact:
Aludecor Lamination Pvt. Ltd.
Email: info@aludecor.com
Website: www.aludecor.com Toll-free: 1800 1020407
rainwater seepage, and they won’t crack, warp,
rust, ensuring longevity
Product Watch
Wienerberger Aspect Clay Ventilated Façade Tiles
In the ever-evolving world of architecture and construction, innovation is the key to staying ahead. Wienerberger India, a leader in building materials, has always pushed their boundaries for the advancement of architectural landscape. Their Aspect Clay Ventilated Façade tiles are more than just a façade solution; they are a testament to the blend of aesthetic excellence, sustainable design, and cutting-edge technology.
Let’s dive into what makes these Façade tiles a game-changer for modern architecture.
AESTHETIC BRILLIANCE MEETS FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
Wienerberger’s Aspect Clay Ventilated Façade Tiles are designed to elevate the visual appeal of any building. Available
in a myriad of colours, these tiles offer flexibility to create stunning exteriors that stand out. Whether you prefer, timeless elegance or contemporary finishes, Aspect provides endless design possibilities.
EXCEPTIONAL DURABILITY AND LONGEVITY
Made from high-quality natural clay, these tiles are built to withstand the test of time. They are resistant to weathering & mechanical impact, ensuring that your building’s Façade remains intact and visually appealing for decades. The robustness of these tiles reduces the need for frequent maintenance and replacements.
VENTILATED FAÇADE SYSTEM: THE FUTURE OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDING
The ventilated façade system is a highlight of the Aspect Clay Tiles. This innovative design allows natural ventilation that helps regulate indoor temperatures, enhancing excellent thermal comfort and reducing the need for artificial heating and cooling. As a result, buildings with ventilated Façades can achieve significant energy savings, contributing to lower
operational costs and a reduced carbon footprint.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
Wienerberger India is committed to sustainable building practices, and Aspect tiles reflect to this pledge. Made from natural clay, Aspect tiles endorse responsible building practices and align with the growing demand for green construction solutions.
EASY INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE
This ventilated Façade system is designed for quick and efficient mounting, reducing construction time and labor costs. Additionally, the low-maintenance nature of clay means that the Façade will retain its aesthetic and functional qualities with minimal upkeep. This makes Aspect tiles an ideal choice for both new constructions and renovation projects.
THE FUTURE OF FAÇADE DESIGN
Aesthetic flexibility, exceptional durability, and sustainable design - Wienerberger’s Aspect Clay Ventilated Façade tiles offer comprehensive solutions to architects who want to create signature projects or property owners seeking long-term value.
Explore the endless possibilities with Wienerberger Aspect Clay Ventilated Façade tiles and elevate your architectural vision to new heights.
For more information, contact:
Wienerberger India Private Limited 88/4, Richmond Road, Bengaluru - 560025
Website: www.wienerberger.in
Email: marketing@wienerberger.in
Phone: +91 99020 03301
Alumil India Opens its First Exclusive Partner
Showroom in Nagpur
Alumil India, the fully-owned Indian subsidiary of Alumil Group has announced the opening of its first exclusive partner showroom in Maharashtra’s Nagpur. The inauguration ceremony took place on 8th June, with Alumil India’s Managing Director - Mr Theodoros Axouristos, cutting the ribbon to mark this significant milestone. The newly inaugurated showroom – Adish Aluminium, spanning 500 square feet, offers an immersive experience for customers and partners to explore Alumil’s extensive range of world-class products.
“The showroom is strategically located to serve the architectural and construction needs of the region, offering a comprehensive display of Alumil’s highperformance products. Customers will have the opportunity to experience the design and technological innovation that define Alumil’s offerings, including energy-efficient thermally insulated systems, water-proof window systems, sleek sliding doors and robust security features,” says Mr Theodoros Axouristos, Managing Director, Alumil India.
The showroom will also exhibit Alumil’s comprehensive collection of architectural aluminium systems spanning various categories. This includes the Comfort series, known for its cost-efficiency and suitability for budget-friendly solutions. The Smartia series will also be on display, offering
top-notch aesthetics and functionality at competitive prices.
“The showroom will assure our clients that they receive the highest quality and performance standards. This partnership is a testament to our commitment to delivering excellence in architectural aluminium systems to Nagpur,” says Mr M D Adhao, Managing Director, Adish Aluminium.
“We will continue to expand our footprint across the country and have plans to open additional showrooms and experience centres to cater to the growing demand for premium architectural solutions. Alumil India remains dedicated to enhancing the customer experience by providing personalised service, expert consultation and seamless access to its innovative product range,” concludes Mr Axouristos.
Aditya Birla Group’s Eternia to Open 200 Stores by 2025
Aditya Birla Group’s subsidiary, Eternia, is set to revolutionise India’s home improvement market with ambitious plans to open 200 stores by 2025. Founded in 2020 under Hindalco, Eternia specialises in aluminium doors and windows, boasting India’s first WiWA (Wind, Water, and Air) certification for its products made from Duranium, a patented aluminium alloy.
Having launched its inaugural store in Mumbai, Eternia rapidly expanded to over 100 stores across 20 cities, including Pune, Noida, and Kolkata. Eternia’s Chief Sales Officer, Anjan Putatunda, highlighted the brand’s strategic focus on aggressive market penetration, brand recognition, and consumer trust.
Eternia aims to amplify its reach by expanding retail outlets and strengthening distribution channels. The current distribution network includes exclusive brand stores, authorised dealers, and collaborations with architects and fabricators. The brand is focusing on tier 2 and 3 cities to enhance its footprint and positioning its products as the preferred choice for various projects through partnerships with industry leaders like Rustomjee Group and Lyth Design.
Sustainability is central to Eternia’s offerings, with products made from recyclable aluminium, addressing ecological concerns. Despite being a new market entrant, Eternia is navigating economic fluctuations and the dominance of unorganised segments, aiming to educate consumers on the benefits of quality materials.
Embracing technology, Eternia employs digital analytics, AI, and AR/ VR applications to enhance customer engagement and personalise marketing campaigns. The fenestration industry, with certified windows penetrating less than 2% of households, presents vast potential. Eternia is poised for aggressive growth, with imminent expansions planned for Kolkata, Bengaluru, and Bathinda.
Fenesta Expands Retail Presence with New Showroom in Mumbai
Fenesta, India’s leading windows and doors brand, has bolstered its retail footprint with the inauguration of a new showroom in Mumbai. The exclusive showroom, Prince Polo Hardware, is located at Shop No-3, 57-61 Kika Street, Chintamani Building, Polo Hardware, Bhuleshwar, Mumbai. It offers a premium range of aluminium windows and doors, uPVC windows and doors, and solid panel doors.
Saket Jain, Business Head at Fenesta, emphasised the company’s commitment to diverse product offerings and exceptional customer service. He stated, “Our strategic expansion in Mumbai aligns with our philosophy of providing outstanding service and reinforcing the trust of our partners. Our showrooms are immersive spaces designed for customers to explore our offerings in-depth and make informed decisions. This new facility is a significant milestone in our journey to reach a wider audience while maintaining a customer-centric approach.”
The new showroom aims to provide an interactive and informative buying experience, further enhancing Fenesta’s market position. With rapid growth in the aluminium and uPVC windows and doors categories in India, Fenesta plans to
increase its market share and maintain its leadership.
Jain added, “The consistent support of our partners and customers has been crucial to our success. Our extensive product line, market awareness, and focus on Tier-2 and Tier-3 markets drive our progress. Our retail expansion is designed to captivate and educate our customers.”
Fenesta is unique in controlling the entire supply chain, from uPVC production to installation and aftersales service. Their products, designed in the UK and Austria, undergo rigorous testing to ensure performance in India’s varied climates and are favored by top builders, architects, and interior designers for their noise, rain, and dustinsulating features.
Morphogenesis Achieves India’s First IGBC-Certified Net-Zero
Business Park with ITPC-Radial Road
Morphogenesis proudly announces a landmark achievement for the International Tech Park Chennai, Radial Road (ITPC-Radial Road), developed for CapitaLand Investment Limited (CLI). This project is the first business park in India to receive net-zero certification from the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC), highlighting its dedication to energy efficiency, water conservation, and waste management.
Morphogenesis, ranked among the top 100 architects and designers globally by London-based Building Design, has implemented a Net Zero Energy strategy for ITPC-Radial Road. This approach combines passive and active measures to significantly reduce energy consumption while optimising
efficiency. The project also employs strategies to minimise water usage and enhance water reuse within its premises.
In addition to its IGBC certification, ITPCRadial Road has achieved the WELL Building Standard® certification. This international recognition underscores the
project’s focus on enhancing the wellbeing and productivity of its occupants. By regulating air and water quality and maximising natural daylight, the development ensures a healthier, more sustainable environment.
Located along Chennai’s rapidly growing IT corridor, the 5 million square feet business park has commenced Phase-1 operations. Upon completion, it will comprise four Grade A office blocks, accommodating over 50,000 IT service professionals.
This milestone for ITPC-Radial Road not only represents a significant step forward in sustainable development but also sets a new benchmark for future projects in India.
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