Window and Facade Magazine India (Nov-Dec 2024) by F & F Media and Publications

GLOBAL Volume 6 | Issue 10 November-December 2024

INDUSTRY SPEAKS Interview with Waleed Nashaat Head of Sales, Qemtex Powder Coatings

ILLUMINATING ARCHITECTURE: A SYMPHONY OF FAÇADE LIGHTING AND DESIGN Experts’ opinion on new trends and future of façade lighting

INDUSTRY SPEAKS Interview with Abdulghani Dallal, Founder, AG Scape Design and Build

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Preface Dear Readers, As the sun sets and buildings shift from mere structures to artistic displays, façade lighting takes the spotlight. It’s not just about being seen; it’s about telling stories, enhancing beauty, and promoting sustainability. In modern urban environments, well-lit façades serve not only as decoration but also as symbols of innovation and advancement. Façade lighting merges art with technology, turning buildings into recognizable landmarks. It accentuates architectural features, sets moods, and conveys messages. The advent of dynamic lighting systems, programmable LEDs, and media façades has changed our perception of buildings at night. From the dazzling lights of skyscrapers to the gentle illumination of historic sites, façade lighting is transforming the nighttime urban landscape. A particularly exciting trend in this field is the adoption of energy-efficient solutions. Innovations such as solar-powered lights, motion sensors, and low-energy LEDs align aesthetic goals with environmental responsibility. These technologies not only cut down on operational expenses but also contribute to global sustainability efforts, making façade lighting a smart choice for contemporary architects and designers. As we move further into the digital era, façade lighting is evolving into a means of communication. Media façades, capable of showcasing dynamic visuals and messages, are turning buildings into vibrant entities that engage with their environment. This edition not only showcases the expertise of lighting professionals but also includes thoughtfully written articles by industry leaders, interviews with renowned architects and brands, an engaging case study that explores the design and technology behind an impressive project, and a sneak peek at a newly launched product. As we say goodbye to the past year and look forward to the new one, we extend our heartfelt New Year wishes to all our readers and subscribers. May the coming year be filled with resilience, growth, and the realization of your goals. Your feedback and suggestions are incredibly valuable to us; please share your thoughts at editorial@wfmmedia.com. We also invite your ideas for future topics, and we will strive to provide insightful articles on those subjects. Enjoy the read, and here’s to a year filled with brilliance and illumination!

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Contents How to Avoid Falling Object Risks in Dense Urban Settings? Dhanada (Kanta) Mishra, Managing Director, RaSpect AI

The Construction Phases: Unveiling the Roles of SD, DD, and CD Shakir Keskin, President, United Façade

Ventilated Façades, Fire Safety: No need for a Zero-Sum Game Petros Karatzas, Executive Director, Skyline Façades

Dr. Ramez Shawky

“The Future Development of Façade Lighting will Focus Strongly on Sustainability, Driven by Advances in Energy-Efficient Technologies and Responsible Design Practices”

KATIA KOLOVEA, Founder, Archifos

“In Façade Lighting, We Foresee a Strong Shift Toward Integrating Smart Technologies that Enable More Data-Driven Control, Particularly Through AI” ERIN DENKOVSKA, Senior Associate, Delta Lighting Design

Exploring the Role of Adaptive Façades in Shaping Architectural Identity

“Façade Lighting Must Increasingly Reflect Cultural & Social Responsibilities, Celebrating Local Heritage” AR. ASHISH BAHAL, Partner, Lucent Worldwide

Façade Lighting Trends and Sustainability XAVIER VARGHESE, Consulting Specialist, SX Energy Efficiency Solutions Inc

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Shefali Bisht editorial@wfmmedia.com DISCLAIMER: With regret we wish to say that publishers cannot be held responsible or liable for error or omission contained in this publication. The opinions and views contained in this publication are not necessarily those of the publishers. Readers are advised to seek expert advice before acting on any information contained in this publication which are very generic in nature. The Magazine does not accept responsibility for the accuracy of claims made by advertisers. The ownership of trademarks is acknowledged. No part of this publication or any part of the contents thereof may be reproduced in any form or context without the permission of publishers in writing.

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Building Safety

How to Avoid Falling Object Risks in Dense Urban Settings?

Dhanada (Kanta) Mishra Managing Director, RaSpect AI

About the Author Dhanada (Kanta) Mishra is a visionary entrepreneurial leader with 20+ years of experience in propelling organisational growth. He is a committed professional with experience and expertise in strategic product development, ESG, and sustainability. He is the Managing Director of RaSpect AI, and in his role, he drives the long-term product vision and develops ecosystem partnerships. He champions the brand’s impact in the engineering, construction, and IT professions and is accountable for the effectiveness of product R&D investments.

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other prominent companies that occupy the building include Price Water house Coopers (PwC), The Jardine Engineering Corporation Limited, and the world’s thirdlargest freight company CMA CGM.

Glass panel that fell off the curtain wall façade of Manulife Financial Tower in Hong Kong

n a dense urban setting like that of Hong Kong, the risk of falling objects from the façades of tall buildings is ever-present, although thankfully infrequent, and occasionally causes injury or fatalities. The latest such incident took place on the 4th of January when a piece of glass panel fell from the curtain wall of the well-known landmark building of the city Manulife Financial Centre (Window glass falls from the top of Manulife Financial Centre in Kwun Tong and hits windscreen of moving truck - Dimsum Daily). Although it fell on the windshield of a moving vehicle underneath, miraculously no one was injured. The 28-storey twin building blocks at Wai Yip Street in Keun Tong, Kowloon were originally known as the Kwun Tong 223. The construction was completed in 2008, and the building was renamed Manulife Financial Centre in 2009 as the global insurance giant Manulife Financial is the largest leaser in the building with eight floors. The

The property was jointly developed by Henderson Land Development and Sun Hung Kai Properties and constructed by E Man Construction Co. Ltd. - a subsidiary of Henderson Land. “The two 28-storey Grade-A intelligent office towers are connected with a multi-story structured thoroughfare on the top floors. The characteristic building form adopts a full curtain wall facade design. The superstructure works have been completed in 18 months; which is exceptional in the construction profession.” Incidents such as the above are an ever-present threat to all modern global cities with an increasing number of tall buildings. In December 2021, a 35-year-old construction worker was killed when a piece of concrete fell on him while working on a renovation project of the State Theatre Building - a grade 1 heritage building. In

January 2019, a 24-year-old woman was killed in an incident of a falling window in the Sham Shui Po area of Hong Kong. In September 2018, another incident of a falling piece of concrete from a 30-yearold building killed a 56-year-old woman. Many other less significant incidents are reported at frequent intervals. Given Hong Kong’s tall building stock of over 42000 buildings, out of which almost 21000 are over 30 years old, this risk is only going to get worse with time. Given such fatal outcomes, the safety risks from falling objects can not be underestimated or ignored. With such a prestigious and relatively newly built property as the Manulife Financial Centre being involved in the current case, the above-mentioned incident should cause much concern to all stakeholders, including owners, leaders, and regulatory authorities alike. The Building Department of the Hong Kong Government promulgated two building inspection schemes in 2012 to address the above concern. The Mandatory Building Inspection

Window glass falls from the top of Manulife Financial Centre in Kwun Tong

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The Building Department of the Hong Kong Government promulgated two building inspection schemes in 2012

Scheme (MBIS) requires safety inspection of all buildings older than 30 years at least once every ten years. Similarly, the Mandatory Windows Inspection Scheme (MWIS) requires checking all windows and their components once every five years for all buildings older than ten years. While these schemes have helped improve the safety standards of the city’s buildings, there are several lacunae that need to be addressed. For example, a large number of notices under the two schemes are not enforced for a long time (up to six years sometimes) for a variety of reasons. Traditionally, building inspectors carry out surveys to detect safety risks. The conventional approach requires the inspector to climb on scaffolding or gondola or use cameras with a telephoto lens to reach as close to the sites of potential defects to study the image and document the same in their report. This procedure is often unsafe, timeconsuming, and expensive. It also yields variable results depending on the individual inspector’s training, background and expertise. In contrast, RaSpect Intelligence Inspection Limited - a four-year-old Hong Kong start-up incubated by Hong Kong Science and Technology Park (HKSTP) has introduced an alternative approach to building inspection. Founder Harris Sun, a computer science graduate, founded RaSpect to bring this approach to the inspection of tall buildings. RaSpect not only carries

out an automated inspection of building facades using drones but also uses Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) for efficient data processing. The cloud served where the data is automatically uploaded and processed also generates the inspection report endorsed by registered professional engineers. This process is not only safe but also reduces the time and cost of a typical survey of a building significantly. In the last four years,

RaSpect has successfully inspected many iconic buildings of Hong Kong, including the International Commerce Centre (ICC) - the tallest landmark on Hong Kong’s skyline. Its technology is making it easier, faster and cheaper for professional surveyors and inspectors to carry out building inspections and help make Hong Kong a safer city. Hong Kong is the skyscraper capital of the world having the largest number of tall buildings. In general, Hong Kong’s construction quality, inspection regime, and maintenance of built infrastructure are of very high standards. However, it may still require a different approach as described to make sure that that city’s infrastructure remains safe and has a long service life. Towards this end, Hong Kong, as indeed all global cities with a large number of aging tall buildings such as Singapore, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Dubai, London, and New York, needs to reexamine its approach to building inspection and maintenance. Hong Kong can take the lead by adopting AI-augmented building inspection technologies with the motto ‘Be Safe, Be Smart and Be Green’.

RaSpect not only carries out an automated inspection of building facades using drones but also uses Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) for efficient data processing

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Gretsch-Unitas group, founded in 1907, has been committed to the development, production and sales of door and window hardware for over 100 years. With more than 50 branches around the world, it is one of the worldwide largest suppliers of door and window hardware.

Window technology Tilt turn, casement, lift slide, façade windows Door technology Floor spring, door closer, multipoint secury locks.

Automatic and RWA system Revolving door, auto sliding door, auto swing door, Smoke and heat exhaust ventilation systems

Some of Project case

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The Construction Phases: Unveiling the Roles of SD, DD, and CD

Shakir Keskin President, United Façade

About the Author Shakir Keskin is a highly skilled and experienced engineer who holds a Master’s degree in engineering from a German university. He has a strong background in various fields, including project management, logistics and supply chain management, and facade engineering. He is a dedicated professional who is always looking for ways to improve and grow in his field. He has a deep understanding of the technical aspects of facade engineering and is well-versed in building codes and regulations. He is able to collaborate effectively with architects and other design professionals, making him a valuable asset on any facade engineering project. He is skilled in using industry-standard software for facade design and analysis, and is able to contribute to sustainable and energy-efficient building design.

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•

Design Development (DD) process In architecture

CD - The process of finalization of the blueprint, guiding construction with precision

Construction is an intricate dance of creativity, precision, and compliance. If you’ve dipped your toes into the construction realm, you have likely encountered the terms SD, DD, and CD, representing distinct phases crucial for project success. This article unravels the significance of these stages in ensuring timely, budgetfriendly, and regulation-compliant construction projects.

completion of the design scheme, providing detailed documents for construction.

Understanding SD, DD, and CD SD, or Schematic Design, involves crafting the preliminary design outline in the construction industry. DD, Design Development, takes a step further, delving into the structural and material intricacies. Finally, CD, Construction Documents, mark the

What Does Schematic Design (SD) Mean? Schematic Design is the project’s inception, where architects, designers, and consultants collaborate to outline the project’s scale, form, and relationships. This phase considers permits, regional laws, and even incorporates sustainable design. Deliverables at this stage include floor plans, site plans, building sections, elevations, and vivid visuals, all subject to the owner’s approval. Benefits of Schematic Design (SD) • Conceptualization: SD allows architects to present various

design options, enabling clients to visualize the project’s aesthetics and layout. Feasibility Assessment: Identifying potential design challenges and opportunities, facilitating informed decisionmaking by the client. Quick Problem-Solving: Detecting and resolving design issues early to prevent costly modifications during implementation. Client Collaboration: Ensuring the design aligns with the client’s vision and needs through harmonious collaboration.

What Is Design Development (DD) In Architecture? Design Development builds upon the foundation laid in SD, focusing on structural systems, building materials, and more. This phase produces dimension-rich floor plans, comprehensive building sections, detailed elevations, and initial specifications. Cost estimates based on plans precede the transition to the next stage. Benefits of Design Development (DD): • Improved Design: Specific drawings of floor plans, elevations, and sections elaborate on the selected schematic design. • Systems Coordination: Integration of different building systems for smooth operations. • Material Selection: Facilitating final decisions on materials and specifications for consistent design. • Regulatory Compliance: Ensuring design aligns with regulations and local building codes to minimize issues during construction.

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Architectural Construction Documents (CD) Construction Documents represent the final stage before construction, recording the entire design procedure. No alterations in design occur at this point. The CD set specifies structural and mechanical systems, materials, and other project aspects. Benefits of Construction Documents (CD): • C o m p r e h e n s i v e Documentation: Precise drawings, specifications, and details for effective project execution. • Bid Clarity: Accurate CD sets assist contractors in submitting precise bids, reducing disputes during construction. • Permit Acquisition: Detailed information expedites the permit acquisition process. • Construction Guidance: Contractors refer to CD sets during construction for quality and efficiency. • Challenges With In-House Creation: In-house creation of SD, DD, and CD may lead to poor conceptualization, erroneous feasibility assessment, fragmented coordination, false material selections, and delayed construction permits.

Schematic Design - the process inception of the project

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Conclusion The SD, DD, and CD phases are foundational to the architectural and construction process, ensuring projects are creatively envisioned and practically executable. By meticulously advancing through these stages, projects can achieve timely completion, budget adherence, and regulatory compliance, culminating in successful and polished outcomes.

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Façade Systems

Ventilated Façades, Fire Safety: No need for a Zero-Sum Game

Petros Karatzas

Executive Director, Skyline Façades

About the Author Petros Karatzas is a managerial professional with 30 years of experience in International Business Development, Marketing Management, Finance Management, and Project Management. Building and leading multicultural teams in fast-paced international environments aiming to deliver efficient results. He is a strong believer in teamwork to apply optimal solutions. Effective in building an environment based on trust and streamlined communication.

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ceramics, concrete, composite wood, plastics, etc. has prevailed worldwide. Naturally, progress in the field of materials science has been an important factor in the realization of modern buildings.

West Stow, Suffolk | UK – 5th– 7th Century AD (Building Reconstruction – Archeological Site)

The concept and the history of building ventilated façades is not something novel. Actually, the first examples of building façades are met in medieval Europe. Wood was the dominant material for constructing façades since it was easily sourced from the vast forests in Western Europe during this historical period.

Today, the usage of ventilated façades with the simultaneous integration of a multitude of different materials - natural and artificial, such as metal, glass,

The ventilated façade is synonymous with the structure of a multi-layered shell. A key feature of the ventilated façade is the clear separation of structural elements that are in direct contact with the interior or exterior space, as follows: • External cladding • Air gap • External insulation • Internal masonry

If we try to find a benchmark project in a contemporary building, we could arrive at no other than Flatiron Building in New York since it used metal structure and cladding. A significant parameter for the design of Flatiron has been the revision of the New York Building Act in 1892, which abrogated the requirement for masonry on the grounds of fire safety reasons and gave rise to the formation of plenty of modern building methods. Namely, the creation of a shell, which is suspended through a secondary level of support system on the primary frame of the building. In the case of Flatiron Building, glazed ceramic panels are the dominant cladding material of the façades.

The Beam on Farmer, Phoenix AZ | USA (Aluminum Panels)

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•

Flatiron, New York | USA – 1902

The creation of air gap throughout the height of the building, in which the circulation of air remains unobstructed, but at a higher temperature than that of the natural environment, implies the circulation of air in conditions of natural attraction. Briefly, the air enters the gap, is further heated by the absorbed solar radiation and is emitted by the cladding, moves upwards, creates a vacuum, which tends to be filled again with air and hence continuous ventilation is ensured within the shell. Results of external thermal insulation and natural ventilation can be summarized as follows: • Improving thermal comfort in the interior of the building.

Saving energy for both heating and cooling, through the reduction of thermal losses. Protection against moisture, as the external cladding is a first protective level while at the same time ventilation accelerates the removal of residual moisture.

The three axes for the sustainability of buildings as below: • Limitation of the environmental footprint (Construction – Usage) • Ensuring the optimum operation of the building over time. • Enhancing the comfort levels for its users. The fireproofing principal of the ventilated façade as a fire transmitting factor The fundamental operating principle of the ventilated façade is at the same time its weakest point in terms of fire transmission. The natural attraction of the air within the façade dramatically accelerates the vertical fire spread of fire, consequently facilitating its expansion throughout the

building. In this way, even a small localized fire can potentially evolve into a large scale fire to the whole building. Grenfell Tower in London has been the most notable case of building fire since several decades. A residential building of 24 floors, initially erected in 1967 and renovated in 2015-2016 with ventilated façades cladded with LDPE Aluminium Composite Panels and insulated with PIR. The

non-compliance with Fire Regulation act was considered as the root cause for the tragic death of 72 people. Vertical fire expansion in 24-storey building. It is worth noting that while the building seems mostly unharmed, there is a vertical fire across the entire side of the building with possible disastrous effect. Tackling Design Methods (Fire-Barriers and Fire Compartmentalization) It is possible to maintain the advantages offered by ventilated façades while ensuring fire protection. The placement of fire barriers horizontally and vertically in

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• • • • order to fire compartmentalize the façade in accordance with the General Fire Safety of the building answers the existing challenge. A fire barrier is placed horizontally with fire-resistance sealing tape, leaving a gap of 25-50 mm from the surface of the cladding. In this way, the ventilation of the façade is ensured while it is interrupted in the case of fire. 1. Complete vertical fire barrier (compressed Rockwool in aluminium shell. 2. «Open» horizontal fire barrier with fire-resistant sealing tape. 3. Fire-inflatable sealing tape.

built in 2006-2007. In 2021 it joined a State Funding Program in order to harmonize with the Fire Protection Regulation. The Grenfell building tragedy has triggered the imperative to carry out checks regarding the provided safety of buildings in Great Britain.

Aluminium Composite Panels with 3mm Solid Aluminium Sheets. Wood cladding sheets with fibrocement sheets. Wooden decking floors with aluminium ones. External thermal insulation system with corresponding non-flammable.

The range of interventions required is extensive, both in terms of replacing the materials of the façades with fire-resistant ones, as well as in redesigning the shell by creating fire compartments. The materials replaced are:

Example of Façade Engineering Study as above. In this case, and in the particular Unitized System with embedded brickslips, we can see the vertical fire-barriers at the side of the unitized module and two vertical fire barriers with the fire-inflatable membrane. Re-defining the proper function of façade in existing buildings Case study with residential complex in Stratford, London

Istanbul / Turkey

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• •

Spandrel glass curtain panels with corresponding with non-flammable core. Brickslip cladding due to absence of fire compartmentalization.

View of existing gap within the shell. The lack of fire barriers, combined with the presence of flammable building materials, creates the conditions for the rapid spread of fire vertically (chimney effect).

• • •

Need to incorporate principles of fire protection of ventilated façades in the Architectural Design and Engineering study The requirements in the building construction sector follow a steadily increasing trend: • Architectural work tends to become more complex (Design & Build). • Building systems and materials are becoming more specialized and sophisticated. • The sustainability of the building has been widely 16 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

recognized as a critical parameter. Building specifications are becoming stricter. Regulation framework becomes wider in scope and more complex. The number of stakeholders in the project implementation is increasing and new specialties appear.

In this context, there is a need to incorporate the fire protection principles of the building envelope from the initial design stages. The perfection of the construction cannot be simply achieved by adhering to regulations. On the contrary, the principles served by the latter should become an integral part of the architectural composition.

Adaptive Façade

Exploring the Role of Adaptive Façades in Shaping Architectural Identity

Dr. Ramez Shawky

About the Author Dr. Ramez Shawky is an architectural designer with extensive experience in architectural design and project management. He holds an MSc in Architectural Engineering and a PhD in Environmental Design from Cairo University. With over a decade of experience, he has contributed to prestigious projects in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Egypt, including large-scale developments such as the Mataf Project and Doha Port. Dr. Shawky specialises in integrating sustainability and advanced technologies into design and has published numerous research papers in international journals and conferences on environmental and sustainable design. He is passionate about continuous professional growth and thrives in dynamic, innovative environments

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Advancements in façade technology are unlocking new possibilities for architectural expression, with dynamic, adaptable, and parametric façades offering innovative ways to strengthen a building’s identity. Projects like the Arab Institute in Paris and Al Bahr Towers in Abu Dhabi highlight how advanced materials and sensor networks can integrate cultural references with environmental responsiveness, resulting in buildings that are both aesthetically striking and environmentally sustainable. Façades, particularly in corporate headquarters, play a crucial role in defining visual identity and brand representation. Architectural identity is multifaceted, influenced by social, cultural, historical, and environmental factors, alongside design elements. While research has explored these aspects in traditional buildings, the interaction of these factors in adaptive façades— especially in corporate settings remains underexplored. This study will analyse the key elements shaping architectural identity, with a focus on dynamic façades. Through studying Al Bahr Towers in the UAE, the research aims to bridge existing knowledge gaps and provide insights into how adaptive façades contribute to global architectural identities. BUILDING FAÇADE IDENTITY FACTORS Building façade identity is influenced by local, dynamic, and contextual

factors, affecting how the exterior communicates its purpose and connection to its environment. Constant Local Factors: Cultural Heritage plays a key role in connecting buildings to their place by incorporating traditional motifs and materials, such as Pharaonic or

Source: by the authors

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Islamic styles in Egypt. Traditional Styles also influence façades, with elements like arches or mashrabiya screens contributing to the sense of local identity. Similarly, Historical Influences in adaptive façades can bridge past and present, incorporating materials or design features from historic buildings.

Dynamic Factors: Contemporary Trends integrate technologies like kinetic elements or sustainability features, reflecting current design advancements. Technological Advancements further enable responsive materials and innovative construction methods to adapt façades to environmental and functional needs. Socio-cultural shifts impact façade design, emphasising well-being through natural light and ventilation, and fostering a sense of community. Broader Contextual Factors: History influences façade design through elements that complement local heritage or reinterpret historical styles in modern ways. The Social and Cultural Context can impact how façades promote interaction, express corporate values, or reflect sustainable practices. Finally, Technical Considerations ensure that façades are structurally sound and compliant with building codes.

standards, kinetic expressions, responsiveness, user interactions, and material choices. These dynamic building envelopes offer a major advancement in architectural design by providing real-time environmental responses that improve energy performance, occupant comfort, and overall environmental responsiveness. Adaptive façades are categorised into passive and active systems, with active façades being especially notable for their ability to dynamically adjust to external conditions, improving energy efficiency and visual comfort. However, while they offer significant benefits, active façades may face challenges in preserving a building’s unique architectural character, often appearing technologically driven and impersonal. Kinetic façades, which integrate advanced technologies such as

Specific Design Elements: Mass and Articulation in a building’s design determine its visual impact, with larger masses often requiring articulation to avoid overwhelming the surroundings. Openings influence light, ventilation, and aesthetics, shaping the overall user experience. Architectural Detail and Materials further enhance the building’s identity, balancing functionality with aesthetics to create durable and sustainable designs. Lastly, Façade Organisation optimises light, ventilation, and energy efficiency while adapting to its cultural and environmental context. ADAPTIVE FAÇADE TECHNOLOGY Façade type and system play a crucial role in shaping the identity of a building, with adaptive façades being particularly influential due to their integration of sustainability

Ultimately, active façades offer great potential for future architectural developments, merging technological innovation with environmental responsiveness and cultural relevance. Through careful integration, these systems can shape buildings that are not only sustainable but also meaningful, preserving identity while embracing the future.

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Ͳ ŝǀĞƌƐĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶƐ ŝŶĨůƵĞŶĐĞĚ ďǇ ƚĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ĂĚǀĂŶĐĞŵĞŶƚƐ͘ Ͳ ĂŶ <ŝŶĞƚŝĐ ƐŚĂĚŝŶŐ ĚĞǀŝĐĞƐ Ͳ dŚĞ ĐƌĞĂƚĞ Ă ŵŽĚĞƌŶ Žƌ ĨƵƚƵƌŝƐƚŝĐ ŵŽǀĞŵĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ĞǆƉŽƐĞĚ ĂĞƐƚŚĞƚŝĐ ĚĞƉĞŶĚŝŶŐ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ĚĞƐŝŐŶ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ ĐĂŶ ĐƌĞĂƚĞ Ă ĂŶĚ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐ͘ Ͳ ǆƉŽƐĞĚ ŵŽƚŽƌƐ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐ ĂŶĚ ƚĞĐŚͲĚƌŝǀĞŶ ĂŶĚ ŐĞĂƌƐ ŵŝŐŚƚ ƐŚŽǁĐĂƐĞ Ă ĨŽĐƵƐ ĂƉƉĞĂƌĂŶĐĞ͘ ŽŶ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶĂůŝƚǇ͘

/ŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶ dĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ;/dͿͲ ĂƐĞĚ

Ͳ ƵƚƚŝŶŐͲĞĚŐĞ ĂƉƉƌŽĂĐŚ ƚŽ ďƵŝůĚŝŶŐ ŝŶƚĞůůŝŐĞŶĐĞ͘ Ͳ ĂŶ ůĞĂĚ ƚŽ / dͲDĞĚŝĂ ƵŝůĚŝŶŐ ǁŝƚŚ d& ^ĞŶƐŽƌƐ͕ ĐƵƐŚŝŽŶƐ Ͳ dŚĞ ƐŵŽŽƚŚ͕ ŵŝŶŝŵĂůŝƐƚ ĂĞƐƚŚĞƚŝĐƐ ĂƐ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ŵŝĐƌŽĐŽŶƚƌŽůůĞƌƐ͕ ƚƌĂŶƐůƵĐĞŶƚ d& ĂŶĚ ŚŝĚĚĞŶ ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ ĂƌĞ ŚŝĚĚĞŶ͘ Ͳ DĂƚĞƌŝĂů ĚĞĐĞŶƚƌĂůŝƐĞĚ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ĐŚŽŝĐĞƐ ůŝŬĞ ƐŵŽŽƚŚ ŵĞƚĂů Žƌ ŐůĂƐƐ ĐŽŶƚƌŽů ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ ĐƌĞĂƚĞ Ă ƐǇƐƚĞŵƐ ƐůĞĞŬ ĂŶĚ ĨƵƚƵƌŝƐƚŝĐ ůŽŽŬ͘ ƉĂŶĞůƐ ĐĂŶ ĞŵƉŚĂƐŝƐĞ Ă ŵŽĚĞƌŶ ĂŶĚ ŚŝŐŚͲƚĞĐŚ ĨĞĞů͘

ĂƚĞŐŽƌǇ

DĞĐŚĂŶŝĐĂů

dĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐǇ ĞƐĐƌŝƉƚŝŽŶ

AI, machine learning, and realtime climate monitoring sensors, exemplify how dynamic systems can enhance building performance while maintaining responsiveness. By incorporating materials that respect both the building’s aesthetic and cultural context, architects can balance innovation and tradition. For example, integrating solar energy generation with modern, yet culturally inspired designs can ensure a building remains both sustainable and architecturally unique.

ŽŵďŝŶĞƐ ŬŝŶĞƚŝĐ ƐƵŶͲ ƐĐƌĞĞŶŝŶŐ ǁŝƚŚ ŵĞĚŝĂ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇ͕ ƌĞŶĞǁĂďůĞ ,ǇďƌŝĚ &ĂĕĂĚĞ ĞŶĞƌŐǇ ŐĞŶĞƌĂƚŝŽŶ ;ƉŚŽƚŽǀŽůƚĂŝĐ ƉĂŶĞůƐ͕ ^ǇƐƚĞŵ ƐŽůĂƌ ƚŚĞƌŵĂů ĐŽůůĞĐƚŽƌƐͿ͕ ĂŶĚ ƉŽƚĞŶƚŝĂůůǇ ŽƚŚĞƌ ĨƵŶĐƚŝŽŶĂůŝƚŝĞƐ͘

Ͳ ƵƚƚŝŶŐͲĞĚŐĞ ĂŶĚ ĨƵƚƵƌĞͲŽƌŝĞŶƚĞĚ ĂĞƐƚŚĞƚŝĐ͘ Ͳ dŚĞ ĂďŝůŝƚǇ ƚŽ ĚŝƐƉůĂǇ ŵŽĚĞƌŶ ŵƵƐĞƵŵ ŚĂƐ Ă ŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƚŝŽŶ Žƌ Ăƌƚ ĐƌĞĂƚĞƐ ĚǇŶĂŵŝĐ ŚǇďƌŝĚ ĨĂĕĂĚĞ ƚŚĂƚ ĂŶĚ ŝŶƚĞƌĂĐƚŝǀĞ ĞǆƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞƐ͘ Ͳ ƐŚŽǁĐĂƐĞƐ ĂƌƚǁŽƌŬ ďǇ ĚĂǇ DĂƚĞƌŝĂů ĐŚŽŝĐĞƐ ;ƉŽƚĞŶƚŝĂůůǇ ŚŝŐŚͲ ĂŶĚ ďĞĐŽŵĞƐ Ă ŬŝŶĞƚŝĐ ůŝŐŚƚ ƚĞĐŚ ŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐ ůŝŬĞ ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƚĞĚ ƐŚŽǁ Ăƚ ŶŝŐŚƚ͕ ƐĞĂŵůĞƐƐůǇ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽŶŝĐƐͿ ĞŵƉŚĂƐŝƐĞ ŝŶŶŽǀĂƚŝŽŶ͘ ŝŶĐŽƌƉŽƌĂƚŝŶŐ ƐŽůĂƌ ƉĂŶĞůƐ Ͳ DĂǇ ƌĞƋƵŝƌĞ ĐĂƌĞĨƵů ŝŶƚĞŐƌĂƚŝŽŶ ƚŽ ǁŚŝůĞ ŵĂŝŶƚĂŝŶŝŶŐ Ă ĐŽŚĞƐŝǀĞ ĂǀŽŝĚ ŽǀĞƌǁŚĞůŵŝŶŐ ŚŝƐƚŽƌŝĐĂů ůŽŽŬ͘ ĐŽŶƚĞǆƚƐ͘

Different active façade system category

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Chart matrix The following matrix summarises, deduces, and develops basic inferred elements. These elements are divided into four successive layers, with their relationships linked together. This serves as a guide for engineers and specialists during the design process for such buildings. The matrix can be further developed through future research. Al Bahr Towers in Abu Dhabi offers valuable lessons on how architecture can effectively balance local and global influences. The building successfully integrates continuous local elements, such as cultural heritage and materials, while embracing dynamic trends like contemporary design, technological innovations, and sustainability. By considering broader contextual factors, including the environment, historical context, and socioeconomic conditions, the project highlights the challenges and opportunities of designing in a rapidly evolving region. The innovative façade treatments demonstrate how modern architecture can adapt to current trends while maintaining cultural identity. Moreover, by addressing the unique climatic challenges of a hot desert environment, Al Bahr Towers showcases how architecture can evolve to meet both local traditions and the global demands of sustainability and technological advancement. This study emphasises the importance of blending technology with cultural relevance, providing a valuable model for future urban development projects in similar contexts.

architectural innovation, with its responsive, kinetic shading system inspired by the Mashrabiya, a traditional Arabic architectural element, which adapts to sunlight and significantly reduces energy consumption by optimising light penetration and minimising solar heat gain through high-performance glass and a triangulated kinetic system, complemented by a suntracking mechanism and sensor technology, enhancing both sustainability and aesthetic appeal, while the façade incorporates Emirati cultural elements such as Arabic city gates and traditional wind towers to promote natural ventilation, blending seamlessly

Al Bahr Towers in Abu Dhabi, located in the rapidly developing business district of the UAE, showcases a unique fusion of traditional Islamic design and contemporary 20 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

with Abu Dhabi’s architectural landscape, and contributing to the city’s vision of becoming the central business district by 2030; the project’s integration of dynamic materials and technologies not only supports sustainability goals but also earned the towers prestigious recognitions, including

Al Bahar Towers Responsive Façade

Al Bahar building façade analysis conclusion

CONCLUSION Analysing these elements deepens our understanding of the multifaceted nature of architectural identity in building façades. This knowledge empowers architects to design façades that create a strong sense of place, incorporating local context and technological advancements. Arab nations like the UAE and Saudi Arabia have successfully integrated traditional character, cutting-edge technology, and advancements in façade design. They blend cultural heritage with environmental considerations and technology, keeping pace with globalisation while preserving local identity.

the CTBUH Innovation Award and a place in Time magazine’s “25 Best Inventions of the Year,” while its broader contextual impact is evident in its environmental performance, which contributes to a significant reduction in CO2 emissions and supports the UAE’s commitment to sustainable development, demonstrating how modern architecture can respond to both local traditions and global technological advancements while creating a landmark that bridges heritage with innovation, showcasing a harmonious balance

of cultural identity, environmental responsibility, and cutting-edge design. By analysing the building, there was a notable increase in the percentage scores across all five layers. Specifically, the Constant Local Factors achieved an average score of 85%, the Dynamic Factors averaged 90%, the Broader Contextual Factors scored 90%, the Specific Design Elements averaged 70%, and the Environmental Elements layer also achieved an approximate score of 90% (see Chart).

Achieving this balance requires a comprehensive understanding of the various identity elements and environmental factors during façade design, which can be categorised into stages for better application: Constant Local Factors, tied to location, history, and culture, form the foundation for design; Dynamic Factors, influenced by technology, globalisation, and social change, drive innovation; Broader Contextual Factors, including building codes, maintenance, aesthetics, and economics, ensure practical feasibility; and Specific Design Elements, focusing on architectural details such as openings, materials, colors, and façade organisation, refine the overall aesthetic and functional outcome. The details of these factors and their analysis highlight the essential role of technology in transforming design concepts & foundations, recognised as a critical aspect that must be integrated across various design stages to achieve a harmonious and functional architectural outcome.

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Cover Story

Illuminating Architecture: A Symphony of Façade Lighting and Design sustainability. Additionally, the use of energy-harvesting technologies, such as solar panels, is promoting ecofriendly practices, aligning façade lighting design with globalBecause sustainability objectives. One of the most vulnerable aspects of building design is the façade. the majority of the populace is unaware of the material’s performance, they frequently misunderstand the importance of façade design, particularly in limiting or The inrelationship between lighting andcost, architectural spreading fire spread. Fire safety has traditionally been overlooked favour of beauty, energy efficiency, and other materials is also becoming increasingly important, factors. However, in light of current market trends, this has progressed beyond only the aesthetic aspect and now plays as designers investigate how various materials can a larger role in light conveyance, acoustical execution, and efficacy. enhance the reflection, diffusion, or absorption of light produce visual effects. At thefaçade same It is about the universal understanding of the reality that any to possible fire breathtaking threats can only be mitigated when time, addressing regulatory challenges is essential, systems, materials, and testing are given the attention they deserve. The emphasis should be on a comprehensive necessitatingof façade innovative approaches approach to examining the performance of façade materials, components design for fire safety,tofireharmonize testing of aesthetic goals with compliance requirements. façade materials, compartmentalization, and much more. storyWeexplores gathering The opinions and ideas of subject-matter experts are featured This in thiscover cover story. sought tothese collecttopics, their thoughts on insights from experts on the latest trends, challenges, things like façade fire safety, laws and regulations, appropriate materials, the best approach to build a fire-safe façade, and innovations in façade lighting. By looking at realand so on. world projects and examining the blend of technology, sustainability, and creativity, we aim to illuminate how Façade lighting has become a game-changer in façade lighting is influencing the built environment contemporary architectural design, merging creativity and enhancing the human experience. with advanced technology to shape vibrant and sustainable urban environments. The development of façade lighting goes beyond simply brightening buildings; it is about creating experiences, improving functionality, and transforming how structures interact with their surroundings. Whether it is historical landmarks or modern skyscrapers, lighting is crucial in highlighting architectural details, setting moods, and telling stories that connect with a wide range of audiences. Recently, innovations in technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have transformed façade lighting systems, allowing designers to create complex, interactive displays that react to environmental changes or user engagement. These advancements are paving the way for unmatched levels of customization, efficiency, and 22 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

Cover Story

“Façade Lighting Must Increasingly Reflect Cultural & Social Responsibilities, Celebrating Local Heritage ” Integration of Lighting: Lighting is now seen as an essential component of the façade, thanks to versatile fixtures that blend seamlessly with architectural elements. This integration enhances the aesthetic appeal and functionality of buildings. Immersive Experiences: Media façades and projection mapping are gaining popularity, offering dynamic and

AR. ASHISH BAHAL

Partner, Lucent Worldwide

•

Describe the newest trends in façade lighting and their role in the transformation of modern architectural design. The newest trends in façade lighting are fundamentally transforming modern architectural design. 23 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

engaging visuals. These technologies turn building exteriors into vibrant canvases for storytelling and entertainment.

environments that captivate and connect audiences. This holistic approach makes façades not just visually appealing but also engaging and multifunctional.

Core Design Element: Developers and owners are increasingly incorporating lighting as a core aspect of their design intent. This strategic amalgamation ensures that lighting complements and accentuates the architectural vision right from the inception of the project.

These trends are revolutionizing how buildings communicate and interact with their surroundings, making lighting an integral part of modern architectural design.

Interactive and AI-Driven Lighting: The use of interactive and responsive lighting is on the rise, engaging viewers in real time. Incorporating artificial intelligence allows lighting systems to adapt dynamically to environmental changes and user interactions, creating personalized experiences.

What are the possibilities for creative sustainable approaches to façade lighting? Sustainability must be the core intent of façade lighting projects. Utilizing LED technology and smart controls can drastically reduce energy consumption. LEDs not only consume less power but also have a longer lifespan, which minimizes waste and maintenance needs.

Technological Integration: Combining lighting with sound, video, and social media creates interactive

An essential consideration is ensuring no light pollution and reducing interference with the natural environment.

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This approach protects nocturnal ecosystems and enhances urban living quality. Glare-free installations are crucial for the comfort of both viewers and neighbours. Properly designed lighting prevents excessive brightness and discomfort, creating a harmonious visual experience. Incorporating renewable energy sources to power façade lighting is a forward-thinking strategy. Solar panels and wind energy can provide clean, sustainable power, further reducing the project's carbon footprint.

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In what ways do technologies such as IoT and AI influence the design and operation of façade lighting systems? IoT and AI bring disruptive possibilities to façade lighting. Seamless Integration: IoT enables seamless integration of various lighting components, allowing for realtime monitoring and control. This ensures efficient management and optimal performance of lighting systems.

Finally, implementing a fixing mechanism that ensures easy access for regular maintenance supports sustainable installations. Simplified upkeep extends the lifespan of lighting systems and maintains optimal performance.

Adaptive Maintenance: IoT and AI facilitate adaptive maintenance. AI can optimize lighting schedules, predict maintenance needs, and dynamically adjust lighting based on usage patterns and environmental data, enhancing both aesthetics and energy efficiency.

By integrating these elements, façade lighting can be both creative and sustainable, benefiting the environment and the community.

Interactivity and Engagement: Façade lighting themes can respond to occasions, news, updates, moods, responses, weather, and other urban parameters. This 25 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

dynamic interaction creates an engaging and immersive experience for viewers.

shows, creating additional revenue streams for building owners.

These technologies transform façade lighting, making it more intelligent, responsive, and sustainable.

Community Connection: Interactive lighting creates a sense of connection between the building and the community, fostering engagement and a shared sense of place.

•

Could you please talk about the impact of dynamic or interactive façade lights on urban landscapes and users' experiences? Dynamic and interactive façade lights significantly enhance urban environments by improving the overall image and boosting user engagement. These lighting systems transform buildings into visually captivating landmarks, attracting both residents and visitors. Enhanced Navigability and Security: Well-designed dynamic lighting can make urban areas more navigable and secure, providing better visibility and guiding pedestrians effectively. Tourism Boost: The striking visuals created by dynamic façades can attract tourists, boosting the local economy and increasing opportunities for businesses. Cultural Celebrations: These lighting systems are perfect for celebrating cultural events, festivals, and public announcements, adding vibrancy and a sense of occasion to urban spaces. Monetization Opportunities: Façades can be monetized through advertising and sponsored light

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Economic Benefits: The increased tourism and engagement can lead to a rise in income for local businesses and residents. However, it is essential to control light pollution and glare. Excessive lighting can be detrimental, so careful planning and regulation are necessary to ensure a balanced and sustainable approach. Dynamic and interactive façade lighting enriches urban landscapes, enhancing aesthetics, security,

and economic opportunities while fostering a vibrant community connection. •

How do you approach façade lighting design so that it creates connections with historical and regional architectural and cultural references? At Lucent Worldwide, we approach façade lighting projects with a balanced contextual response – architectural appreciation, historical significance, and cultural alignment. Our aim is to match the purpose of illumination without disturbing nature and the neighbourhood. Our goal is to create lighting that highlights and respects these elements rather than overshadowing them. The design intent must be respectful and representative of local values and traditions. We strive to ensure that our lighting design is not only beautiful but also contextual, functional, and sustainable. This holistic approach ensures that every project we undertake enhances the unique character and heritage of its location.

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How important is material selection for façade lighting to achieve the highest level of effects? Lighting requires conducive surfaces to match up and escalate the overall experience. We love materials that interact well with lighting. Traditional materials like stucco, wall textures, stone, masonry, wood, and fresco work exceptionally well with lighting, enhancing their natural beauty and adding depth to the design. Modern materials like metal and glass, while more challenging, offer unique opportunities for creative lighting solutions. By aligning with the architectural language, we curate the overall composition to harmonize with lighting, ensuring a cohesive and striking visual effect. The colour and texture of façade materials play a crucial role in influencing the perception of light. They determine how light is reflected, absorbed, and diffused, impacting both the aesthetic and functional aspects of the design. Thoughtful material selection is essential to achieving the highest level of effects in façade lighting.

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What is the major obstacle you face with the regulatory requirements of façade lighting, and how do you manage them? In India, we do not face many regulatory requirements for façade lighting. However, we proactively follow a balanced approach that addresses light pollution, energy efficiency, glare control, and disruption to the neighbourhood, while maintaining aesthetics and experience. We stay informed and work closely with all stakeholders, including the authorities, to ensure compliance and best practices. This collaborative approach helps us manage regulatory challenges effectively. By balancing creativity, technical knowledge, and a commitment to sustainability, we ensure that our projects are both compliant and innovative. This dedication allows us to create lighting designs that are not only beautiful but also respectful of their environment. •

Are there any recent breakthroughs in the integration of façade lighting with energy harvesting technologies, such as solar panels? We are pleased to share that a few of our heritage lighting projects are already sourcing energy from standalone solar plants integrated in the vicinity. These innovative solutions not only enhance the sustainability of our projects but also showcase the potential of renewable energy integration. Similar technologies are on the brink of mainstream utility. As these advancements continue to develop, we anticipate even broader adoption and implementation across various façade lighting projects, leading to more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient urban landscapes. This integration marks a significant step towards a sustainable future, where aesthetics and functionality harmoniously coexist with environmental consciousness. May you cite a real-life endeavour in this regard where façade lighting was the keystone of the building? Certainly! There are many such projects in our portfolio. A few projects where façade lighting played

pivotal role are Brihadeshwara Temple at Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, Bandra station at Mumbai, IFC building at Changchun, China, Qila Mubarak at Patiala among many others. The objective was to enhance the building’s visibility and allure, making it a central feature of the city's nightscape. •

How do you foresee the future development of façade lighting, especially about sustainability objectives? The outlook is very promising for façade lighting in the future. With increased awareness and public appreciation, building owners and promoters are actively investing in this area. It is crucial, however, to control the rampant abuse of such developments, as excessive and tasteless projects can negatively impact the environment and the image of cities.

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Façade lighting must increasingly reflect cultural and social responsibilities, celebrating local heritage and contributing to community well-being without compromising the environment.

Cover Story

“The Future Development of Façade Lighting will Focus Strongly on Sustainability, Driven by Advances in Energy-Efficient Technologies and Responsible Design Practices” highlights materials, textures, and structural elements to create depth and dimension, without overwhelming the design. Our goal as designers shall be to seamlessly integrate light into the architecture, ensuring it complements rather than dominates, and enhances the building’s presence after sunset. Done right, this façade lighting tells a story, respects context, and engages the community around it, even can turn the building into a “landmark” or reference point- al while being mindful of energy consumption and environmental impact. In my opinion, it is encouraging to see this becoming a more frequent client request and industry trend.

KATIA KOLOVEA

Founder, Archifos

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Describe the newest trends in façade lighting and their role in the transformation of modern architectural design. Façade lighting today focuses on subtle, considered illumination that thoughtfully enhances a building's architectural character and identity. This approach

In parallel, media façades have advanced significantly, transforming buildings into dynamic canvases for storytelling. More robust and precise pixel-control systems now allow for adaptive displays that respond to events or public engagement. These technologies help façades convey messages, evoke emotions, and foster connections in the urban space. However, it is critical to use media façades responsibly, ensuring designs respect the building’s purpose, surrounding structures, and community needs. Features like dimming or switching off after certain hours help maintain balance, reduces light pollution and avoid excessive energy use. Both approaches have a role to play. As lighting designers, we must guide them with intentional storytelling and a commitment to sustainability. My research into light as a medium of communication reinforces that technology offers exciting potential, but our responsibility is to apply it in ways that are meaningful, respectful, and lasting. 29 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

Battersea Power Station, Lighting Design by Speirs Major - Photo: James Newton

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What are the possibilities for creative sustainable approaches to façade lighting? As technology advances- with LEDs, smart control systems, and integrated sensors- the creative potential in façade lighting is immense. However, as designers, our process should begin with the façade as a blank canvas, embracing darkness and carefully applying layers of illumination to achieve the intended concept. The principle of less-is-more guides this approach, ensuring that light is used with purpose and precision. I always love to refer to facade lighting as a painting. The materials of the façade play a crucial role in this equation, influencing how light interacts with surfaces, how much energy is required, and how bright specific elements will appear. To merge creativity with sustainability, it is essential to focus on what matters most- thoughtfully highlighting materials, textures, and architectural details in a subtle, respectful way. Additionally, integrating motion-activated lighting systems can add dynamic variations, allowing façades to respond fluidly, adjust to certain hours, or dim and power down when not needed. This flexibility helps reduce energy consumption while maintaining visual interest. There are more and more municipalities that utilising this approach. Another area of exploration I’m very interested in but haven’t studied in depth, is leveraging renewable 30 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

energy sources like solar panels for media facades. These can significantly reduce the overall footprint of façade lighting, making the design both innovative and responsible. •

In what ways do technologies such as IoT and AI influence the design and operation of façade lighting systems? IoT and AI are transforming façade lighting by making it more adaptive, intelligent, and user-focused in operation. IoT (Internet of Things) enables real-time data collection and communication between sensors and lighting systems, allowing façades to respond dynamically to factors like weather changes, daylight levels, or human activity. This ensures the lighting remains efficient and purposeful, maintaining visual impact while minimising energy use. AI enhances this adaptability by analysing patterns, predicting needs, and automating controls. For example, AI can learn when lighting is most effective, reducing unnecessary illumination and optimising energy consumption. It can also suggest refinements to improve the design over time, ensuring façades stay visually compelling and sustainable. These technologies also enable interactive façades that respond to people’s presence or city events, creating a dynamic visual narrative that fosters community engagement. However, it is crucial to use these tools thoughtfully, aligning them with the building’s context and purpose. In my view, the goal is to balance

technology with design intent, enhancing user experience while meeting sustainability objectives. IoT and AI open up exciting possibilities for both the design and operation of façade lighting. As a lighting designer, I am particularly excited to explore how these tools can help us use light to tell meaningful stories while respecting the environment focusing on dark skies and ensuring light is used only where it is needed. Could you please talk about the impact of dynamic or interactive façade lights on urban landscapes and users' experiences? Dynamic and interactive façade lighting can deeply impact urban landscapes and user experiences, but its success depends on intentional design. These façades can transform buildings into communicative mediums, telling stories and connecting with the community.

This experience reinforced for me the importance of balance and contextual sensitivity in dynamic lighting. Technology allows us to create elaborate displays, but the goal should always be to enhance, not overwhelm. When done thoughtfully, dynamic lighting can offer adaptive, meaningful experiences that resonate with people and celebrate shared moments. However, it is crucial to balance creativity with respect for the visual environment, ensuring designs contribute positively to the urban landscape.

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When thoughtfully executed, dynamic lighting enhances a city's character and fosters emotional engagement with public spaces. During a recent visit to Guangzhou, China, I was struck by how the most compelling façades were those with subtle, minimalistic lighting. Especially the one that stand out for me it was simple, carefully placed dots of light created depth and elegance, blending harmoniously with the urban context. In contrast, buildings with fast-moving visuals and vibrant colors often created visual noise in my honest opinion, overshadowing the architectural essence and disrupting the surrounded environment.

In my work and research, I focus on using light to tell impactful stories in a way that is thoughtful and harmonious, understanding that the most powerful lighting experiences often come from the subtle interplay between light and darkness. •

How do you approach façade lighting design so that it creates connections with historical and regional architectural and cultural references? When approaching façade lighting design, I focus on understanding the architectural context, history, and cultural significance of the space- what my professors referred to as the Genius Loci. Every building has its own identity, shaped by its environment and history. To create meaningful connections through lighting, it’s essential to reflect that essence and incorporate elements that resonate with local heritage. For example, in areas with rich cultural history, I aim to highlight traditional materials, textures, and architectural features in a way that enhances their natural beauty. The lighting should act as a bridge, bringing these elements to life without overwhelming or altering their original form.

Acropolis of Athens and Monuments, Lighting Design by Eleftheria Deko and Associates - Photo: Gavriil Papadiotis / Archive: Eleftheria Deko

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At the same time, I consider how the building interacts with its urban environment- both during the day and at night. The façade lighting should not only complement the building but also contribute to the larger landscape, enhancing the space’s narrative. Collaboration with architects and other experts is key in this conceptual process, ensuring that the lighting design aligns with the broader vision for the space. I also look at how lighting can respond to cultural and social moments. For example, special events or festivals may call for lighting that celebrates the local culture, creating a dynamic link between the building and the community. This is where the façade can become a canvas, offering opportunities for creative expression. Ultimately, my goal is to ensure that façade lighting doesn’t just illuminate, but communicates. It tells a story, respects architectural and cultural contexts, and fosters an emotional connection with the people who interact with it. Whether we’re talking about a subtle static approach or a dynamic media façade, the key is finding a balance between tradition, creativity, and respect for the environment. •

How important is material selection for façade lighting to achieve the highest level of effects? Material selection is crucial for achieving the highest level of effect in façade lighting because it directly impacts how light interacts with the surface. Different materials reflect, absorb, or diffuse light in unique ways, influencing the overall look and feel of the lighting design. For instance, reflective surfaces can enhance the intensity of light, creating bold highlights, while matte or textured materials can soften the light and add depth and warmth. And then the selected materials color also influencing the final look of the building at night. By choosing the right materials- such as glass, metal, stone, or other materials- we can manipulate how light reveals architectural details, creates shadows, or enhances colours. Additionally, materials with high durability and low maintenance help ensure that the façade lighting remains effective over time, contributing to a sustainable design. Ultimately, the right material selection ensures that the lighting works in harmony with the building’s design, enhancing its character while delivering the intended visual effects. 32 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

Piraeus Tower S.A, Lighting Design by Thanos Danilof - Photo: Yiorgis Yerolymbos

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What is the major obstacle you face with the regulatory requirements of façade lighting, and how do you manage them? As a lighting designer, I feel a deep responsibility to protect dark skies and ensure that any façade lighting I am involved in is used thoughtfully and responsibly. It is crucial to have regulations that control the overuse of light on façades, digital screens, and media façades in urban spaces. When used excessively, these technologies not only detract from the architectural integrity of a building but also contribute to light pollution, which negatively impacts the environment and our quality of life- something we are seeing globally. In places like London, for example, strict regulations such as the London Plan aim to reduce artificial light’s impact on residents and wildlife. These guidelines regulate the brightness of digital displays and media façades, ensuring they don’t disrupt the urban landscape or overwhelm their surroundings. I believe raising awareness about the need for such regulations is key to protecting our cities from over-illumination. Our work at The Lighting Police educational platform is doing exactly that- activating people to observe,

Guangzhou City Lights - CTF Finance Centre, facade lighting by LPA Lighting Planners Associates - Photo: Christoph Kuegler

understand, and focus on improving the quality of light, using it only where it is truly needed. While navigating these regulations can sometimes feel limiting, I see it as an opportunity to create designs that are not only visually compelling but also sustainable and respectful of the night environment. By integrating energy-efficient technologies like LED lighting, smart control systems, and lenses to manage the angle and spread of light, we can reduce light pollution and adhere to regulations without compromising creativity. This balance is essential for achieving designs that are both innovative and responsible, preserving the beauty of architecture while protecting our natural environment. •

Are there any recent breakthroughs in the integration of façade lighting with energy harvesting technologies, such as solar panels? While I don’t have direct experience with integrating solar panels into façade lighting systems yet, I’m very interested in exploring this area further. Recent developments in solar panel technology have made it increasingly feasible to incorporate them into façade designs. Solar panels can now be integrated more seamlessly into building materials, such as glass and cladding, without compromising aesthetics. This allows

buildings to harness renewable energy for lighting, reducing their environmental impact and energy consumption. I believe as technology continues to evolve, we will see more innovative ways to combine façade lighting with energy harvesting, providing sustainable solutions for the future. •

May you cite a real-life endeavor in this regard where façade lighting was the keystone of the building? As a Greek lighting designer, the new lighting of the Acropolis by Eleftheria Deko Studio stands out as a remarkable example of how façade lighting can breathe new life into a historic landmark while respecting its cultural and architectural significance. The new lighting concept was carefully designed to distinguish different elements of the site, emphasising the natural rock, the fortification wall, and the monumental temples. This was achieved through thoughtful differentiation in color temperature and intensity. The Parthenon and other monuments were illuminated with tunable white lighting, ranging from 2700K to 5000K. The cooler white light (around 5000K) was used to highlight the monuments themselves, especially the luminous Pentelic marble of the Parthenon, 33 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

enhancing its fine details without overwhelming its subtle textures. In contrast, warmer white light (around 2700K) was employed to i luminate the surrounding rock and the fortification wall. This choice of colour temperature effectively differentiated the natural rock from the human-crafted walls and the sacred monuments, adding visual depth and distinction to the whole site. Having had the incredible opportunity to follow closely the implementation and commissioning of this project, I witnessed firsthand how this subtle yet powerful lighting approach truly transformed the Acropolis. The use of tunable white light allowed for precise control over the colour of each illuminated element, ensuring that the historical integrity of the monuments was preserved while giving them a new life in the urban landscape of Athens. The result is a more vivid and vibrant Acropolis, where each structure is distinct yet harmoniously integrated into the surrounding landscape. For me, as a Greek designer, it is a powerful reflection and profound lesson in how light can bring renewed respect and prominence to a landmark of such great cultural importance. The lighting design, with its emphasis on energy efficiency and sustainability, also respects the environment and provides a timeless tribute to Greece’s cultural heritage and the future generations. •

How do you foresee the future development of façade lighting, especially about sustainability objectives? The future development of façade lighting will focus strongly on sustainability, driven by advances in

energy-efficient technologies and responsible design practices. Thoughtful approaches, where light is added intentionally to communicate a narrative, will be essential. Advanced LED fixtures, smart control systems, and adaptive lighting solutions are becoming standard, allowing designers to fine-tune illumination based on time, context, and environmental conditions. Circularity will also play a key role, with fixtures designed using sustainable materials, recyclable components, and environmentally conscious manufacturing processes. Dynamic systems, such as tunable white lighting and precise optics, will provide greater control over colour temperature and light distribution, reducing light pollution and enhancing visual comfort. Additionally, integrating renewable energy sources, such as solar power, into façade lighting systems will further support sustainability objectives. These approaches ensure that illumination is purposeful, environmentally responsible, and enhances architectural beauty, aligning with the evolving needs of a greener future. As a lighting designer, my hope is that the role of lighting professionals becomes fully integrated into the architectural process, with experts working alongside architects from the very beginning. This collaboration will allow us to create designs that not only highlight the beauty of façades but also respect the environment, ensuring that the experience of a building at night is as intentional and harmonious as it is during the day.

Guangzhou CTF Finance Centre Close up, facade lighting by LPA Lighting Planners Associates - Photo: Christoph Kuegler

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Cover Story

“In Façade Lighting, We Foresee a Strong Shift Toward Integrating Smart Technologies that Enable More Data-Driven Control, Particularly Through AI” from basic floodlighting to a more integrated and cohesive approach, driven by advancements in LED and luminaire technologies. Recent trends in the region highlight a shift towards a ‘less is more’ approach, often incorporating smart technologies for enhanced control and efficiency. Sustainability remains a key priority - not only through energy-efficient fixtures but also through strategies aimed at minimising light pollution and reducing environmental impact. •

What are the possibilities for creative sustainable approaches to façade lighting? Sustainability in lighting design has evolved far beyond just the energy efficiency of luminaires. As lighting designers, we take a holistic approach to sustainability, combining several strategies to minimise environmental impact. This includes implementing adaptable systems with dynamic dimming, time-sensitive programming, and motion or occupancy sensors for smarter energy

ERIN DENKOVSKA

Senior Associate, Delta Lighting Design

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Describe the newest trends in façade lighting and their role in the transformation of modern architectural design. Façade lighting has long been essential in defining a building's evening identity. Over time, it has evolved

Expo Mobility Pavillion, Dubai Image Courtesy - Gavriil Papadiotis

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Bvlgari Hotel, Dubai

use. We also embrace the principle of lighting façades only where and when it's truly necessary, carefully considering the context and location. This ensures we minimise disruption not only to nearby residences but also to local ecosystems, including birds, bats, and insects, which can be significantly affected by artificial lighting. •

In what ways do technologies such as IoT and AI influence the design and operation of façade lighting systems? Sophisticated technologies like AI and IoT are revolutionising façade lighting by enabling real-time control, enhanced energy efficiency, and greater adaptability. AI analyses data to optimise energy use, anticipate maintenance needs, and create tailored lighting scenarios, while IoT facilitates integration with systems responsive to time, activity, or weather. Together, these technologies not only reduce light 36 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

pollution and promote sustainability but also deliver visually engaging designs that seamlessly integrate into smart city environments. •

Could you please talk about the impact of dynamic or interactive façade lights on urban landscapes and users' experiences? Dynamic and interactive façade lighting transforms urban landscapes by turning the every-changing city skyline into dynamic canvases of character and unique identity. These responsive and interactive designs are not only memorable but foster a sense of community and identity to a city or urban landscape. Moreover, it enhances and supports cultural storytelling using light to celebrate heritage and unite people with their surroundings. Iconic examples include the Eiffel Tower and the Burj Khalifa, which boast equally captivating day and nighttime identities thanks to their dynamic lighting schemes.

metals can amplify or create points of glare or brightness. Glass, in particular, is challenging to work with, as its transparency can cause light to reflect or scatter in unpredictable ways, leading to uneven illumination or unwanted glare. Applying thin layers of film or frosting to glass or glazing can help manage light effects and achieve more controlled, even lighting on this type of façade material.

The Fold, Dubai Image Courtesy - Gavriil Papadiotis

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How do you approach façade lighting design so that it creates connections with historical and regional architectural and cultural references? Before we even begin considering the lighting itself, we approach the design by first understanding the regional context, as well as the building's history and architecture. These elements provide key insights and opportunities to enhance facades through strategic lighting and contrast. Thorough research is essential to ensure that every lighting choice not only complements the building’s design but also resonates with the local community’s cultural heritage and traditions. •

How important is material selection for façade lighting to achieve the highest level of effects? Material selection is fundamental to achieving specific aesthetic of façade illumination as it influences how the light interacts with the surface. Matte or textured surface add depth and contrast whilst reflective surfaces such as

What is the major obstacle you face with the regulatory requirements of façade lighting, and how do you manage them? The main regulatory requirements we encounter are related to energy efficiency and light pollution mitigation, both of which are key considerations for most of our projects in this region. Energy efficiency is typically demonstrated through light power density calculations and control strategies, while light pollution is addressed through techniques such as downward illumination, glare control, louvers, and adjustable fixtures. Additionally, BUG ratings have been developed for luminaires, providing numerical data to compare each fixture’s performance in terms of upward, backward, and glare ratings, helping us meet these regulatory requirements effectively. Our studio’s holistic lighting design approach, using the right light and applying it only where and when needed, ensures we meet both of these requirements effectively whilst retaining our design intent.

Chedi Hotel, Doha

37 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

House of Wisdom, Sharjah

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Are there any recent breakthroughs in the integration of façade lighting with energy harvesting technologies, such as solar panels? Traditionally, solar panels on light fixtures have been bulky, often added as an afterthought on top of the fixture. However, we are now seeing the development of more efficient panels that can be molded into curved shapes, allowing them to wrap around poles for a more seamless, integrated design. This not only addresses maintenance concerns, such as dust buildup on flat panels, but also improves the overall aesthetic. Additionally, the emergence of transparent solar cells integrated into glass façades enables buildings to capture energy without compromising the visual appeal of the design. •

May you cite a real-life endeavor in this regard where façade lighting was the keystone of the building? In one of our recently completed projects, the House of Wisdom in Sharjah, façade lighting is a key element that enhances the overall design concept. The building features extensive glazing on all exterior walls, allowing the interior to play a vital role in shaping the façade’s visual impact. The integrated lighting along the interior walls serve a dual purpose: 38 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

to not only illuminate the functional spaces within, but to also form a vertical layer of light that extends outward, contributing to the façade’s illumination. This integration of interior and exterior lighting creates a harmony between the interior, blurring the lines between the two and giving the façade a dynamic quality throughout the day and night. •

How do you foresee the future development of façade lighting, especially about sustainability objectives? In façade lighting, we foresee a strong shift toward integrating smart technologies that enable more data-driven control, particularly through AI. As this technology evolves and becomes more widespread, we anticipate it will soon be an expected feature in lighting systems and luminaires. The use of these technologies will work hand in hand with the development of smaller and more efficient luminaires to allow designers to achieve even more ambitious sustainability goals. In addition, the further reduction of light pollution will be a key focus within cities, with more precise control over light direction and intensity to minimise disruption to surrounding areas and wildlife. We also see a shift toward using sustainable materials in lighting fixtures and greater use of recyclable and low-impact components.

Cover Story

Façade Lighting Trends and Sustainability • • •

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Integration with Media Façades: LED screens and pixelated lighting allow façades to display digital art, advertisements, or information. Sustainability Focus: Low-energy LEDs, solar integration, and adaptive systems are now fundamental to reducing carbon footprints. Concealed and modular designs: Lighting systems are being designed to highlight architectural elements subtly without visible fixtures and flexible to meet contours. Programmable Lighting Systems: Use of software for precision in creating specific effects or adhering to event themes.

Creative Sustainable Approaches • Kinetic Energy Harvesting: Exploring systems where human or environmental motion contributes to energy generation for façade lighting. • Biophilic Designs: Using lighting to accentuate greenery & natural materials integrated into the building's façade. • Localized Energy Grids: Buildings can generate and store their own power through solar panels integrated with lighting systems.

XAVIER VARGHESE

Founder, SX Energy Efficiency Solutions Inc.

Role of IoT and AI in Façade Lighting • IoT-Enabled Systems: Real-time data from sensors (e.g., occupancy, weather conditions) optimize lighting levels.

Façade lighting is a crucial aspect of modern architectural design, blending artistry, functionality, and sustainability. A few insights into the various dimensions of façade lighting: Newest Trends in Façade Lighting • Dynamic and Interactive Lighting: Increasingly, buildings are using lighting that changes color, intensity, or patterns in real-time, often in response to environmental or social cues.

House of Wisdom, Sharjah

39 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

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AI Algorithms: Machine learning models predict energy usage patterns and adjust lighting schedules, reducing waste.

Smart Integration: Façade lighting systems can sync with city-wide grids or other smart systems for cohesive urban design and respond to connected systems. Impact of Dynamic and Interactive Lights • Urban Identity: Dynamic lighting can turn buildings into landmarks, contributing to a city’s brand. • Enhanced User Engagement and Social Connectivity: Interactive systems create immersive experiences, such as lights responding to public movement or sound to enable communication between venue event organizers and visitors, or even support STEM initiatives by enabling students to directly control the lighting on an iconic structure. Events and festivals use façades as canvases, fostering community bonding. Connections with Historical and Cultural References • Harmonising with Colour and Texture: Designs use lighting that accentuates traditional motifs or matches cultural palettes. • Projection Mapping: Advanced techniques project historical scenes or patterns onto buildings. • Storytelling: Lighting sequences can narrate cultural stories, celebrating heritage while embracing modernity. Material Selection in Façade Lighting • Materials affect reflectivity, transparency, and diffusion, crucial for achieving desired effects: Glass: For transparency and high-tech aesthetics. Metallic Surfaces: To amplify lighting intensity. Natural Stones: To blend tradition with lighting in subtle ways. Regulatory Challenges • Light Pollution: Compliance with laws governing excessive brightness or spillover to abide with DarkSky requirements.

Evoke DIALOG, Telus Spark, Calgary

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TELUS Spark, Canada

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Energy Efficiency Mandates: Ensuring systems meet stringent energy consumption limits. Through early collaboration with regulatory bodies and use of certifications (e.g., LEED) to align designs with requirements.

Integration with Energy Harvesting • Solar-Powered Lighting Panels and PV Glass: Allows façades to act as both light sources and energy harvesters e.g. in UofC building and Convention Centre in Alberta. Real-Life Example • The Telus Spark Science Museum, Calgary features a façade lighting system that integrates programmable LED lights for dazzling displays while optimizing energy use. It has become a cultural symbol and a platform for events like many city celebrations. Few other wonderful examples globally like IHG Hotels façade, Dubai has Led Lights creating high resolution screen effect to enhance beauty of place and used as display for event organisers. Big River Crossing is the longest public pedestrian bridge across the Mississippi River which is a great example of smart integration and urban identity. Future Developments • Energy-Positive Façades: Integration of advanced energy-harvesting materials could make buildings net producers of power. • Organic LEDs (OLEDs): These offer flexible and sustainable lighting options with reduced ecological impact. • Circular Lighting Systems: Designs focus on recycling and reusing materials from outdated systems. Façade lighting is becoming increasingly integral to creating visually striking yet environmentally conscious architectural designs. The interplay of technology, culture, and sustainability ensures its dynamic evolution.

Conclusion Façade lighting sits at the intersection of design, technology, and sustainability, changing the way we view and engage with architectural spaces. Experts point out that the latest trends focus on creativity, energy efficiency, and the smooth integration of cutting-edge technologies. Dynamic and interactive lighting systems are enlivening urban environments, providing visually striking stories while connecting communities on a sensory level. Additionally, these innovations serve not just aesthetic purposes but also practical ones, improving safety, wayfinding, and overall building performance.

these challenges also open doors for innovation and collaboration among stakeholders. As the possibilities of façade lighting continue to grow, its ability to reshape urban spaces becomes increasingly clear. Whether it’s lighting up iconic structures or adding character to residential buildings, façade lighting is set to remain a vital part of the architectural story, offering limitless opportunities to influence the future of our cities.

Sustainability is a key element in the future of façade lighting, with progress in energy-harvesting technologies and smart systems leading to environmentally friendly designs. By utilizing AI and IoT, designers can enhance energy efficiency, track performance, and create lighting solutions that adjust to shifting environmental conditions or user preferences. Nonetheless, this journey comes with its own set of challenges. Adhering to regulations, choosing materials wisely, and honoring historical and cultural contexts require careful planning and execution. However, 41 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

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43 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

Industry Speaks

“Our Powder Coating Products Help a Lot of Manufacturers Minimise Carbon Emissions and Cut Down on Waste”

Waleed Nashaat

Head of Sales, Qemtex Powder Coatings

About the Author Waleed Nashaat is the Head of Sales at Qemtex. He brings over 15 years of experience in the coating industry, with 12 years specifically dedicated to powder coating. His expertise spans the Middle East market, where he has been instrumental in selling powder coatings for iconic projects in the GCC region since 2013. Waleed’s career trajectory includes positions such as Sales and Specification Manager, Account Manager for GCC Projects, and Specification Specialist at leading powder coating companies in the Middle East. He also worked as an Architectural Specification Executive, further honing his skills in the powder coating sector. In a conversation with Window & Façade Magazine, Waleed talked about Qemetex’s products, their core values, future plans and so on. Here are the excerpts…

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The St. Regis Astana, Kazakhstan

Can you start by telling us about the journey of Qemtex and how it has evolved? In 2003, the Qemtex brand was born, we started breaking ground on a new manufacturing unit in the Middle East, and in 2024, our facility in the UAE started operations and supplying products to UAE customers and global markets as well.

How do Qemtex’s solutions contribute to the aesthetic and functional aspects of building exteriors? Could you share some examples of projects where your products have made a significant impact? Powder coating allows you to apply almost any type of metal. They can mimic textures like stone or sand

What are Qemtex’s core values and mission, and how do these reflect in your products and services? We create advanced technological solutions that contribute to the dynamic and sustainable growth of global industry and infrastructure development. With our corporate culture deeply rooted in innovation, environmental stewardship, and customer-centricity, we are committed to being industry pioneers. We aim to harness cutting-edge technologies and set new standards while delivering unparalleled services.

The Expo 2018, Kazakhstan

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Atyaru Bridge, Kazakhstan

providing architects with cost-effective solutions. Not all architectural designs, especially high-rise buildings permit the use of certain decorative materials at elevated heights, powder coating effectively solves these challenges.

The Ritz-Carlton Almaty, Kazakhstan

What is your vision for the next 4-5 years? At Qemtex, our main goal is to expand globally, and with a combination of high-quality products and customer service focus that will open to us the door to enter new markets and become one of the global industry leaders in the next 4-5 years.

With sustainability becoming a key focus in construction, how does Qemtex ensure its materials and designs contribute to energy efficiency and environmental responsibility? At Qemtex, we focus on sustainability starting with even the packaging, we are dedicated to minimising our environmental impact through eco-friendly packaging solutions. Our sustainable packaging initiatives include using recycled and biodegradable materials and optimising package sizes. And our powder coating products help a lot of manufacturers minimise carbon emissions and cut down on waste. Can you elaborate on any innovative technologies or processes that Qemtex is using to stay ahead in the competitive market? Qemtex’s advanced technologies ensure maximum material usage and easy recycling of excess powder, with our nonstop research to make the powder application process more efficient. How does Qemtex address the challenges of maintaining high-performance standards while ensuring design flexibility for architects and builders? Powder coating offers the maximum design flexibility to any architect, with a wide range of colours and textures, different gloss ranges, and a wide selection of metallic colours, all with high durability and warranties on colour and gloss reach up to 30 years. 46 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

Abu Dhabi Plaza

47 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

Face to Face

“A Well-Crafted Façade Shapes Not Only a Building but the Way People Experience the World Around it”

Abdulghani Dallal

Founder, AG Scape Design and Build

About the Author Abdulghani Dallal is the Founder of AG Scape Design and Build, with an academic foundation and professional expertise. He holds an MBA in International Management from Geneva and a bachelor’s degree in civil engineering. As a PMP-certified professional, he brings over 20 years of diverse experience in construction, project management, design management, business development, and sales and marketing.

48 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

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Could you please give our readers an idea of your firm? We are a specialised design-and-build firm focused on creating exceptional building façades using advanced aluminium and glass systems. Backed by over 20 years of expertise, our technical team has successfully delivered projects of various scales, from iconic high-rises to complex structures. • •

What is your core philosophy when approaching façade design for different building types? Functionality and Building Purpose Commercial Buildings: The façade must reflect the brand identity, attract attention, and facilitate visibility while supporting energy efficiency. Transparency (e.g., glass façades) is often favoured for retail spaces to invite customers in. Residential Buildings: Façades

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focus on privacy, ventilation, natural light, and integration with the surroundings. Materials often lean toward warmth and durability, such as brick, wood, or concrete. Contextual Integration Cultural Context: Façades often respect local architectural traditions or reinterpret them in a modern context.

Urban vs. Rural Context: Urban façades may emphasise density and height, often using glass, steel, or composites. Rural façades might prioritise blending with the natural environment, using earthy tones and materials. Climate and Environment: Climate-responsive designs include shading devices, high performance glazing, or thermal insulation, ensuring the building adapts to its local environment. • Sustainability: Façades play a critical role in energy efficiency, influencing heating, cooling, and lighting loads. Incorporating features like doubleskin façades, photovoltaic panels, green walls, or operable louvers aligns with sustainable design goals. • Materiality and Aesthetics: The selection of materials impacts the tactile quality, durability, and environmental footprint. Materials should align with the building’s purpose and context while providing visual harmony. Texture, colour, and composition help create a distinctive identity. For instance, bold patterns or unique geometries can be iconic for cultural landmarks, while minimalistic designs might suit office spaces. 49 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

• Prioritise Collaboration o Integrated Design Approach: Engage all stakeholders - clients, architects, structural engineers, and façade consultants—early in the process. Collaborative workflows prevent conflicts later. o Workshops and Iterations: Conduct joint design workshops to explore and test ideas, ensuring client needs align with structural and aesthetic goals.

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Structural and Technological Considerations: Advances in façade technology allow for dynamic façades (e.g., kinetic systems or responsive materials) that adapt to environmental conditions or user needs.

Lightweight materials, modular systems, and prefabrication can improve construction efficiency and reduce costs. •

How do you balance client-specific requirements with the broader design and structural considerations in façade projects? It is a complex but crucial part of ensuring project success. Here are some strategies to achieve this balance effectively: • Understand Client Priorities Early o Conduct Thorough Consultations: Begin with detailed discussions to understand the client’s specific needs, including aesthetics, performance, budget, and timelines. Identify Non-Negotiables: Pinpoint which requirements are critical and where flexibility exists. o Stakeholder Alignment: Ensure all decisionmakers, including the client, architects, and engineers, agree on the project’s priorities.

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• Leverage Design Tools and Simulations o Use Advanced Modelling Tools: Tools like BIM (Building Information Modelling) allow for testing designs against performance metrics such as thermal insulation, structural integrity, and sustainability. o Run Scenario Simulations: Show clients how adjustments (e.g., material changes or structural tweaks) can impact the design and performance, enabling informed decision making. • Focus on Functional Aesthetics o Balance Design and Performance: Propose materials and design elements that meet client aesthetic preferences while satisfying functional needs

like durability, thermal efficiency, and structural stability. o Customisation with Standards: Where possible, use standard systems that can be customised to achieve unique client aesthetics without compromising efficiency or cost. • Address Regulations and Standards o Compliance as a Baseline: Ensure client-specific requirements align with local building codes, safety standards, and environmental regulations. o Highlight Constraints Proactively: Make clients aware of non-negotiable design constraints due to regulations to manage expectations. • Optimise for Cost and Constructability o Value Engineering: Explore alternatives that meet the client’s budget without sacrificing key design or performance goals. o Simplify Complex Designs: Ensure façade systems are practical for manufacturing, transportation, and installation, reducing the risk of delays or cost overruns.

• Plan for Future Flexibility o Scalable Solutions: Design façades that allow for future modifications or upgrades, accommodating potential client needs. o Lifecycle Considerations: Incorporate maintenance and durability factors into the design to ensure the façade remains functional and appealing over time. • Build in Contingencies o Buffer for Adjustments: Include time and budget contingencies to accommodate unforeseen design changes during the project lifecycle. o Prototype and Test: Develop physical or digital prototypes to validate design assumptions before final decisions.

• Communicate Trade-Offs Transparently o Visual Comparisons: Use renderings or prototypes to show how changes in design impact aesthetics, performance, and costs. o Detail Benefits and Risks: Provide clear, documented explanations of the pros and cons of design decisions to help clients make informed choices. 51 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

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Could you please tell us about some of the façade design projects Ag-Scape has done? Do you consider any specific façade projects by Ag-Scape iconic or particularly challenging? Please describe their significance. AG SCAPE team brings a wealth of experience to the table, having been deeply involved in the design and implementation of numerous high-profile governmental and commercial projects. Their expertise spans a wide range of complex developments, including airports, government centers, commercial buildings, and shopping malls. With a strong focus on quality and precision, our team’s proven track record reflects their ability to deliver exceptional results on projects of significant importance and complexity. •

What role does energy efficiency play in façade projects, and how do you address this in its designs? Energy efficiency is a critical component of façade projects, as the building envelope significantly impacts overall energy performance. A well-designed façade minimises energy consumption for heating, cooling, lighting, and ventilation while enhancing indoor comfort and reducing operational costs. • Role of Energy Efficiency in Façade Design: o Thermal Insulation: The façade acts as the primary barrier between the indoor environment and external weather conditions. High-performance insulation materials reduce heat transfer, maintaining stable indoor temperatures and lowering energy demand for HVAC systems. o Solar Control: Façades regulate solar heat gain through elements like shading devices, glazing selection, and orientation. This minimises overheating in summer and maximises passive solar heating in winter. o Daylighting: Transparent or translucent façade components optimise natural light, reducing the 52 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

need for artificial lighting while maintaining thermal performance. o Ventilation: Incorporating features like operable windows or double-skin façades enhances natural ventilation, improving air quality and reducing mechanical ventilation costs. o Thermal Bridging Reduction: Proper detailing and material transitions prevent thermal bridges, which can cause heat loss and condensation issues. o Adaptive Design: Dynamic façades with adjustable elements (such as louvers or smart glass) respond to environmental conditions, ensuring optimal performance throughout the day and seasons.

• Addressing Energy Efficiency in Façade Design o Material Selection: Use high-performance glazing with low-emissivity coatings and insulating gas fills. o Select façade cladding and insulation materials with low thermal conductivity. • Simulation and Analysis: o Perform energy modeling and daylight simulations to predict performance and refine design decisions. o Use computational tools to evaluate solar heat gain, shading, and thermal behavior. • Passive Design Strategies o Orient the building and façade to optimise natural light and ventilation. o Incorporate shading devices, overhangs, or brise-soleils to control solar exposure. • Integrated Systems: o Combine the façade with renewable energy technologies, such as photovoltaic panels or solar thermal systems. o Integrate smart sensors for real-time adjustments, such as automated blinds or dynamic façade systems. • Compliance with Standards: o Design to meet or exceed energy codes and certifications, such as LEED, BREEAM, or Passive House standards. o By incorporating these strategies, façade designs contribute to sustainable building performance, enhancing energy efficiency while maintaining aesthetic and functional quality.

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How do you adapt façade designs to reflect cultural, climatic, and regional nuances in different projects? Adapting façade designs to reflect cultural, climatic, and regional nuances involves balancing tradition, environmental considerations, and modern needs. The Salmani architectural style in Saudi Arabia exemplifies this approach: • Cultural Integration: Salmani designs incorporate Islamic art, Najdi patterns, and locally sourced materials like sandstone, reflecting Saudi heritage. • Climatic Responsiveness: Features like mashrabiya screens, shaded arcades, and thick walls provide ventilation and thermal insulation, crucial for the hot desert climate. • Regional Identity: Designs harmonise with the landscape and use earthy tones, blending tradition with modern aesthetics. • Modernity Meets Tradition: Salmani architecture integrates clean lines, balanced proportions, and energy-efficient technologies, ensuring timeless functionality. This approach ensures façades honour cultural heritage while addressing environmental and contemporary needs.

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structural components, within a digital model, enabling comprehensive design coordination. • Precise Engineering and Analysis o Performance Simulation: Tools like ANSYS or Autodesk Insight analyse façade performance, including energy efficiency, wind resistance, and acoustics, ensuring the design meets regulatory and sustainability standards. o Material Optimisation: Digital tools allow designers to test different materials virtually, optimising cost, durability, and performance while reducing waste. o Clash Detection: BIM platforms identify potential conflicts between façade components and other building systems, reducing errors during execution. • Streamlined Collaboration o Cloud-based Platforms: Software like Autodesk BIM 360 and Procore enables real-time collaboration among architects, engineers, and contractors, ensuring everyone has access to the latest design updates. o Version Control: Digital tools track changes in façade designs, minimising miscommunication and preserving design integrity throughout the project lifecycle. o Integrated Feedback Loops: Stakeholders can provide feedback directly within design software, expediting decision-making. •

Could you elaborate on how digital tools and project management software contribute to seamless façade design and execution? Digital tools and project management software have revolutionised the design and execution of building façades, particularly in terms of precision, collaboration, and efficiency. Here’s how these tools contribute: • Enhanced Design Capabilities o Parametric and Generative Design: Tools like Rhino/Grasshopper and Autodesk Revit allow architects to create complex façade geometries and test multiple design iterations quickly. Generative algorithms optimise designs for performance factors such as sunlight, thermal insulation, and aesthetics. o 3D Modeling and Visualisation: Advanced visualisation tools enable stakeholders to see realistic renderings of façades, ensuring alignment with design intent before construction begins. o Building Information Modeling (BIM): BIM tools integrate all façade elements, from materials to 54 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

• Optimised Project Management o Scheduling and Task Allocation: Project management tools like Primavera P6, MS Project, or Trello ensure timely execution by tracking milestones and assigning responsibilities to team members. o Resource Management: Software helps forecast material needs for façade construction, reducing delays caused by shortages or logistical challenges.

are some common challenges and strategies to address them: • Structural Integrity and Safety o Challenge: Ensuring the façade can withstand wind loads, seismic forces, thermal expansion, and other structural stresses without compromising safety or durability. o Solution: Perform detailed structural analysis using advanced simulation tools. Select materials with proven structural properties and comply with relevant standards. Engage structural engineers early in the design process for load assessment and frame compatibility.

o Cost Tracking: Platforms like Procore integrate budget management with façade design and execution, ensuring cost adherence. • Seamless Fabrication and Construction o Digital Fabrication Integration: Tools like CATIA and SolidWorks enable direct communication with CNC machines and robotic systems, ensuring the precise fabrication of façade components. o Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR): These technologies support on-site verification of façade alignment and design accuracy during construction. o Documentation and Compliance: Digital tools generate detailed documentation for permits and compliance, streamlining regulatory processes. o By integrating design, analysis, collaboration, and project management, these tools minimise errors, improve efficiency, and enhance overall project outcomes, enabling façade designs to meet both aesthetic and functional goals seamlessly. •

What are some common challenges faced during the façade design and build process, and how do you tackle them? Designing and constructing a façade is a complex process that often involves multiple challenges, ranging from technical and aesthetic considerations to regulatory and environmental constraints. Below

• Energy Efficiency and Thermal Performance o Challenge: Designing façades that meet stringent energy efficiency requirements while maintaining occupant comfort. o Solution: Integrate high-performance glazing, insulation, and shading systems. o Use energy modeling software to optimise façade design for heat gain, loss, and natural lighting. o Incorporate sustainable materials and passive design strategies. • Aesthetic and Architectural Vision o Challenge: Balancing the architectural intent with functional requirements and practical limitations. o Solution: Collaborate closely with architects to translate the design vision into feasible solutions. Use mock-ups and 3D visualisations to test and refine the aesthetic details. Ensure materials and finishes meet both design expectations and long-term performance criteria. • Material Selection o Challenge: Choosing materials that provide durability, sustainability, and the desired visual appeal while staying within budget. o Solution: Research material properties such as weather resistance, recyclability, and maintenance requirements. o Consider local availability & environmental impact. o Conduct lifecycle cost analysis to find the best balance between upfront and long-term costs. • Weatherproofing and Water Management o Challenge: Preventing water infiltration, condensation, and air leakage, especially in extreme weather conditions. 55 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

o Solution: Use detailed weatherproofing strategies, including sealing joints, installing effective drainage systems, and applying vapor barriers. o Conduct performance tests like water penetration tests and air leakage tests during and after installation. o Design redundancy into critical systems to minimise the risk of failure. • Fire Safety o Challenge: Ensuring the façade complies with fire safety codes while maintaining aesthetic and functional goals. o Solution: Choose fire-rated materials & systems. o Design fire breaks and ensure compliance with regulations like NFPA or local codes. o Work with fire safety consultants to address complex scenarios. • Cost Control o Challenge: Managing budget constraints without compromising design intent or performance. o Solution: Conduct value engineering exercises to identify cost-saving opportunities without sacrificing quality. o Use prefabricated components to reduce labor costs and improve quality control. o Maintain transparent communication with stakeholders to align expectations. 56 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

• Construction and Installation Challenges o Challenge: Aligning façade installation with overall construction schedules and ensuring precision in assembly. o Solution: Develop detailed construction documents and installation guides. o Use modular and prefabricated systems to speed up installation. o Conduct rigorous quality assurance checks during the installation phase. • Regulatory Compliance o Challenge: Meeting building codes, zoning regulations, and environmental standards, which can vary widely across regions. o Solution: Stay updated on local codes and regulations. o Involve code consultants in the design phase to avoid last-minute issues. o Document all compliance measures clearly to facilitate approvals. • Maintenance and Longevity o Challenge: Designing façades that are easy to maintain and retain their appearance and functionality over time. o Solution: Select materials and coatings that resist staining, corrosion, and UV degradation. o Incorporate accessible maintenance systems, such as cleaning rigs or modular panels for easy replacement.

o Provide detailed maintenance manuals for the building’s lifecycle. Addressing these challenges requires an interdisciplinary approach, involving architects’ engineers, contractors, and consultants from the project’s inception. Early planning, continuous collaboration, and everaging modern tools like BIM and performance simulations can significantly enhance the design and execution process. What key trends will you see emerging in façade design over the next few years? How is Meinhardt Façade positioning itself to embrace these trends? Emerging trends in façade design over the next few years are shaped by advancements in technology, sustainability imperatives, and evolving architectural aesthetics. Here’s a breakdown of the key trends and how firms like Meinhardt Façade might position themselves to embrace them:

• Sustainable and Net-Zero Design o Trend: Increased focus on façades that contribute to building performance, reducing energy consumption through passive and active strategies. This includes high performance glazing, double-skin façades, and materials with low embodied carbon. o Positioning: Meinhardt could integrate advanced simulation tools for thermal and daylight performance analysis and partner with material innovators to source and promote eco-friendly materials.

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• Smart and Responsive Façades Trend: Façades equipped with sensors and IoT-enabled systems to adapt dynamically to environmental conditions, improving energy efficiency and occupant comfort. Positioning: Developing expertise in integrating technologies like electrochromic glass, automated shading systems, and real-time monitoring systems into façade design. • Biophilic and Nature-Inspired Façades o Trend: Façades that incorporate greenery, mimic natural patterns, or use materials that blend with their surroundings to promote occupant well-being and enhance biodiversity. o Positioning: Meinhardt could collaborate with landscape architects and sustainability experts to deliver integrated green façades and bio-adaptive designs. •

Advanced Computational Design and Digital Fabrication o Trend: Increasing reliance on parametric and computational design tools to create complex, unique façade geometries, supported by advancements in digital fabrication and 3D printing. o Positioning: Investing in R&D for advanced modeling tools like Grasshopper, Dynamo, and AI-driven design platforms, while fostering partnerships with fabrication companies to ensure constructability. • Energy-Harvesting Façades o Trend: Integration of photovoltaics, thermoelectric systems, or other energy-harvesting technologies into façades, turning them into active contributors to energy generation. o Positioning: Meinhardt could lead the way in designing façades with Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV ) and collaborating with energy technology firms. 57 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024

• Resilience and Climate Adaptation o Trend: Façades designed to withstand extreme weather events, incorporating materials and designs that ensure durability and safety under changing climatic conditions. o Positioning: Developing expertise in façade resilience through wind, seismic, and impact performance testing, and advising clients on climateresponsive designs.

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• • Circular Design and Reuse o Trend: Focus on façades that allow disassembly, recycling, and reuse of materials, aligned with circular economy principles. o Positioning: Meinhardt could pioneer modular façade systems and establish a framework for assessing lifecycle impacts, promoting recyclable materials and reversible designs. • •

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How Meinhardt Façade Can Leverage These Trends Innovation Labs: Establishing internal R&D teams dedicated to exploring emerging materials, technologies, and design methodologies. Strategic Collaborations: Partnering with technology firms, academic institutions, and

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material scientists to stay at the forefront of façade innovations. Holistic Design Approach: Integrating façade engineering seamlessly with architectural, structural, and MEP systems for optimised building performance. Sustainability Certifications: Providing façade solutions aligned with global green building certifications like LEED, WELL, and Passive House. Education and Advocacy: Conducting workshops, seminars, and white papers to educate stakeholders about the benefits of adopting these innovations. Meinhardt Façade can position itself as a leader by blending technological prowess, sustainability expertise, and architectural finesse into its projects, shaping the future of façade design.

Any piece of advice or any motivational quote you would like to give to the aspiring architects? Design façades not just to enclose spaces, but to tell stories—where form meets function and innovation meets beauty. Remember, a well-crafted façade shapes not only a building but the way people experience the world around it.

Global News Dior Unveils Golden Concept Store in Bangkok Inspired by Parisian Headquarters

Luxury fashion house Dior has launched its Gold House concept store in Bangkok, captivating visitors with a gilded facade inspired by its iconic Paris headquarters at 30 Avenue Montaigne. The 1,000-square-metre store is located in the Ploenchit district, replacing a former car park with a striking architectural statement.

Encased by a single-storey, mirrorclad structure, the concept store is surrounded by an elaborate false facade wall adorned with one million golden tiles. This intricate exterior design replicates Dior’s historic headquarters, with 300 windows punctuating the facade. The gleaming golden elevations rise dramatically above the store, creating a visual connection between Bangkok and Parisian elegance. Beyond its opulent facade, the store features two plant-filled courtyards and a covered patio housing a café. The juxtaposition of lush greenery and luxurious materials enhances the

visitor experience, offering a serene escape in the bustling city. The inner walls of the golden facade are lined with mirrors, seamlessly reflecting the exterior of the concealed store within. This design creates a captivating interplay of light and space, further emphasizing Dior’s dedication to blending heritage with innovation. Dior Gold House represents the brand’s commitment to bringing its legacy and aesthetic to new markets while creating immersive, culturally relevant spaces. The Bangkok store not only celebrates Dior’s design heritage but also establishes a new landmark for luxury retail in the region.

Saudi Arabia Unveils the Mukaab: A $50 Billion Architectural Marvel The Mukaab, measuring an impressive 400 meters in height, width, and length, will dwarf most global landmarks in scale. This colossal structure is part of the New Murabba Development, a project aligned with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030. The cubical design is a nod to Islamic geometric patterns, blending cultural heritage with futuristic innovation. Saudi Arabia has embarked on an ambitious journey to redefine architectural excellence with the Mukaab, a $50 billion megaproject set to become the world’s largest building. The Mukaab, a cubical structure inspired by traditional Islamic architecture, is poised to transform Riyadh’s skyline and serve as a centerpiece for the kingdom’s modernization efforts.

The Mukaab will house a vast array of amenities, including residential spaces, commercial establishments, hotels, and cultural centers. At its core will be an immersive experience powered by advanced virtual and augmented reality technologies, offering visitors an unparalleled journey through different worlds. This technological integration underscores Saudi Arabia’s commitment to embracing innovation while fostering cultural exchange.

More than just an architectural feat, the Mukaab is a symbol of Saudi Arabia’s broader ambitions to diversify its economy and reduce reliance on oil. The project is expected to generate thousands of jobs, attract global tourism, and position Riyadh as a hub for business and culture. The Mukaab reflects Saudi Arabia’s dedication to transforming its cities into global destinations. As part of the Vision 2030 initiative, this project exemplifies how the kingdom is blending tradition with modernity to shape a progressive future. With construction underway, the Mukaab is set to become a global icon, redefining the boundaries of urban development and architectural possibilities.

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Global News Australia’s First Solar Panel Façade Building Sets New Benchmark in Energy Efficiency A groundbreaking development in sustainable architecture has emerged in Australia with the nation’s first building to generate its own electricity using a solar panel façade. This innovative design marks a significant milestone in energyefficient construction, highlighting the growing potential of integrated solar technologies in the built environment. The façade, made up of photovoltaic panels, allows the building to produce its own renewable energy, reducing dependency on traditional power sources. This approach not only lowers carbon emissions but also demonstrates how functional elements of a building can double as energy generators. By integrating solar panels directly into the building’s exterior, this project seamlessly

sunlight, which can be better leveraged for clean energy solutions.

combines sustainability with aesthetic appeal. This development aligns with global trends prioritizing energy independence and sustainable practices in urban planning. The ability to harness solar energy at the façade level opens up new opportunities for urban buildings to contribute to a greener future. Such innovations are particularly significant for Australia, a country with abundant

This project sets a precedent for architects, engineers, and urban planners, encouraging them to explore renewable energy integration in future designs. As energy efficiency becomes a critical component of building regulations and consumer preferences, the adoption of solar façades may soon become a defining characteristic of modern architecture. This milestone building showcases how the architecture and construction industries are advancing towards a sustainable future, offering inspiration for other regions to adopt similar technologies and redefine energyefficient urban landscapes.

98 Dekalb Avenue: A Stunning Façade Transformation in Brooklyn

The architectural landscape of Fort Greene, Brooklyn, is witnessing a significant addition with the near completion of the façade at 98 Dekalb Avenue. This ambitious project promises to redefine the skyline with its bold and modern design. Situated at a prominent location, the tower represents a remarkable collaboration between architectural innovation and urban development. The facade, which has been under development for several months, is now approaching its final stages. It features a sleek, contemporary aesthetic with expansive glass panels that reflect the

vibrant surroundings of the neighborhood. The building’s envelope incorporates a mix of materials, enhancing its visual appeal while maintaining structural integrity. The precision in the installation process is a testament to the advanced construction techniques employed on-site.

integration into the community. Its design complements the area’s architectural heritage while adding a contemporary edge. The development is expected to provide new residential and commercial spaces, contributing to the neighborhood’s growth and vitality.

98 Dekalb Avenue boasts several standout features, including its towering height and sophisticated exterior. The design seamlessly integrates functionality and style, offering a modern look that aligns with Brooklyn’s evolving urban identity. The façade is designed not only for aesthetic value but also for environmental efficiency, adhering to sustainability standards that aim to reduce energy consumption and improve insulation.

Once complete, 98 Dekalb Avenue will serve as a benchmark for future developments in Brooklyn. The building’s striking façade & prime location position it as a standout project in the borough’s dynamic architectural scene. With its completion on the horizon, the tower is set to make a significant impact on both the skyline and the community it inhabits.

As Fort Greene continues to attract development projects, 98 Dekalb Avenue stands out for its thoughtful

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This transformative project not only showcases the potential of modern façade technology but also highlights Brooklyn’s role as a hub for innovative architectural developments.

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F and F Middle East FZ-LLC

62 WFM | NOVEMBER-DECEMBER 2024 kapil@wfmmedia.com