The Voice 7-27 by yephyo thu

VOICE

The Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

Weekly

Vol.7 / No.27

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Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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THE VOICE WEEKLY 3

Vol.7 / No.27 - June 20 - 26 , 2011

NEWS

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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INSTITUTIONAL

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LOCAL

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

ICT EDITORIAL

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VOICE Weekly

The Product of Myanmar Partners Think Tank Group (A Sister Publication of Living Color Magazine) Chief Editor - Kyaw Min Swe Editor in-charge - Zeya Thu Editor - Kyaw Naing Graphic Editors - Myo Htoo Htet, Ngu War Khine MandalayCorrespondent- Tin Linn , Senior Reporters - Kyaw San Min, Hline Thit Zin Wai Kyaw Kyaw Min,Naing Min Wai, Zar Li Kyaw, Photographer - Moe Kyaw Junior Reporters - Kyaw Zayar Htun, Aung Soe, ThuReinHlaing @ Khunn Thu, Kyaw Myo Htun,Min Myo, Moe Khine,Kyu Kyu Thin(Moe Myay), Zar Ni Htun, Freelance Reporters - Associated News, Nwe Nwe, Phyo Wai Soe, Min Thu Khaing,Ye Win Naing, Aung Aung Tun,Aye Kyawt Khine, Zaw Phyo,Kyi Kyi Lwin,Kyaw Swar Soe, Phyo Phyo Wai, Zin Mar Lar Htay (Green) Aung Bo Bo Shein, Mya Kay Khine Web Administrator - Hein Aung Zaw (Yangonese!) Publisher - Daw Khin Kywe Oo (4099) Distribution Price - 380 Kyat Office - Thamada Hotel (Business Suite), No. 5, Alanpya Pagoda Road, Dagon Township, Yangon. 242424, 393192, Marketing Department - 242424, 393192, 09 5176835 Hot Line - 73030047, 393316 Distribution - 09 5176831 Website - www.thevoicemyanmar.com Press - Hnit Thit Oo Printing House Nawaday Cinema Compound , MayangoneTsp,Yangon.

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5 Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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EDUCATION

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AGRICULTURE

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pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;trsm;tjym; vkyu f ikd v f su&f o dS nfh jynfwiG ;f tiftm;BuD;ukrP Ü w D pfcjk zpfaom rufpjf refrm u {&m0wDwikd ;f a'oBu;D &Sd a&MunfEiS hf usKHaysmfNrdKYe,fwdkYwGif rdk;pyg;pdkufawmifolrsm;udk pdkufysKd;p&dwfoGif; tm;pkEiS hf v,f,moH;k pufu&d , d mrsm;twGuf usyo f ed ;f 25ç000 ausmyf yHh ;kd ay;cJah Mumif; ,if;ukrP Ü OD uú| OD;aZmfaZmf u ajymMum;onf / tqdkygyhHydk;rIwGif v,fwpf{uvQif pdkufysKd;p&dwfESpfaomif;usyfESifh usyfwpfaomif;wefzdk;&Sdonfh "mwfajrMoZmtdwfwpf0ufEIef; yhHydk;jcif;jzpfNyD; &dwfodrf;csdefwGif wpf{uwpfaomif;EIef; xyfrHxkwfacs;oGm; rnfjzpfaMumif;? ,ck 2011-12 ckEpS f rd;k pyg;pdu k yf sdK;p&dwaf cs;aiGukd a&MunfEiS hf usKHaysmfNrdKYe,f&dS rd;k pyg;pdu k f v,f{u ESpo f ed ;f oH;k aomif;teufrS v,f{uajcmufaomif;wGif vkyfudkifvsuf&Sdonfh awmifol 8516OD; udk pdu k yf sK;d p&dwf oGi;f tm;pktwGuf usyo f ed ;f 18ç000? v,f,moH;k pufu&d , d myHyh ;kd rItwGuf usyo f ed ;f 7ç300 pkpkaygif; usyfodef; 25ç300 ay;tyfcJhaMumif; ,if;ukrÜPDrSwm0ef&SdolwpfOD;u&Sif;jyonf/ ,ckEpS w f iG v f nf; ,refEpS u f uJo h Ykdyif rd;k &GmoGe;f rIenf;yg;ojzifh a&wifpu kd yf sK;d ae&aomaMumifh ukrP Ü u D yHhydk;ay;&mwGif 'DZ,fyg&,lvdkaMumif;? rdk;pyg;wpf{uvQif taxGaxGpdkufysKd;p&dwf usyfwpfodef;0ef;usif ukefusNyD; rdk;pyg;wif; 60 rS 70xGuf&SdaMumif; usKHaysmfNrdKYe,f r&Jawmifaus;&Gmtkyfpk uGif;omaus;&GmrS rd;k pyg;10{u pdu k yf sK;d xm;onfh vkyo f uf 20ESp&f dS awmifoOl ;D atmifp;kd OD;u The Voice Weekly odYk ajymMum;onf/ usKHaysmfNrdKYe,ftwGif;&Sd aus;&Gmenf;yg;aom aus;&Gmtkyfpkrsm;wGif acs;aiGtm;vHk;eD;yg;&&Sdaomfvnf; ¤if;wdkYaus;&GmwGif rdk;pyg;v,f{u 2400 &Sdonfhteuf 700 {uom acs;aiG&&SdaMumif; uGif;omaus;&GmrS touf 35 ESpft&G,f&Sd awmifolOD;wifpdk;u &Sif;jyonf/ ]]v,form;wdkif;uawmh acs;csifwmaygh}}[k ¤if;uqdkonf/ jyifywGifaiGacs;ygu twdk;EIef;10usyfjzifhay;ae&csdefwGif ,ckuJhodkY ESpfusyfwdk;jzifh ydkYay;jcif;onf awmifolrsm;twGuf rsm;pGmtusKd;&SdaMumif; ¤if;ydkif rdk;pyg;v,f 10 {u&So d nft h euf &Spf{updu k yf sK;d p&dwf acs;aiG&&Sdxm;onfh qyfozl;aus;&GmrS awmifolOD;pdk;rif;u ajymjyonf/ ]]uRefru rESpfupacs;vdkY 26 {urSm 24 {uacs;aiG&w,f/ 'DESpf uacs;wJholrsm;vdkY 15 {u&SdwJhol awmif ESpf{uavmufyJ acs;aiG&awmhw,f}}[k ,refEpS x f uf acs;aiG&,lvo kd rl sm;jym;vmonfh tajctaeudk touf 43 ESpft&G,f&Sd a'ocHawmifola':jrjr0if;u &Sif;jyonf/ ,if;ukrÜPD\ yHhydk;aiGay;tyfyGJtcrf;tem;wGif {&m0wDwikd ;f a'oBuD; 0efBuD;csKyfO;D ode;f atmifu ¤if;onf touf 16ESpt f &G,t f xd v,f,m vkyif ef;rsm;vkyu f ikd cf o hJ jl zpfaMumif;? ywf0ef;usiEf ikd if rH sm;jzpfonfh xdik ;f Edik if w H iG f wpf{u wif; 200? AD,uferfEikd if w H iG f wif; 300 xGu&f adS ecsed w f iG f vuf&jdS refrmEdik if üH vGecf o hJ nfh ESpfaygif; 60cefYu wpf{utxGufEIef;jzpfonfh wif; 60?70 omxGuf&Sdaeao;aMumif; ajymMum;onf/ ]]xdkif;? AD,uferfrSm v,form;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;u csrf;omygw,f/uRefawmfwdkYEdkifiHeJYjyefwGuf vdkufr,fqdk&if ajymif;jyefjzpfaeyg w,f}}[k {&m0wDwdkif;a'oBuD;&Sd t*FylZmwdzGm; ¤if;uqdkonf/ awmifolrsm;taeESifh pdkufysKd;p&dwfacs;aiGjyefqyf&mwGif aiGom; odkYr[kwf pyg;udk,if;tcsdef&Sd ayguf aps;jzifhukrÜPDodkY jyefvnfa&mif;csEdkifaMumif;? NyD;cJhonfh 2009-2010 pdkufysKd;a&;&moDwGif a'ocHawmifol rsm;xHrS 0,f,lxm;onfh qeftdwfwpfodef;(wef5000cefY)udk tmz&duEdkifiHrsm; tygt0ifjynfyEdkifiHrsm;odkY wifyYkd a&mif;cscJah Mumif; tqdyk gukrP Ü \ D ydkYukefppfaq;a&;rSL;wpfOD;u &Sif;vif;ajymqdkonf/ rufpfjrefrmukrÜPDonf 2008-09 ckESpf rdk;pyg;&moDwGif {u11000 twGuf usyf 4ç400 ode;f ? 2009-10 ckEpS f rd;k pyg;pdu k yf sK;d a&;&moDwiG f {uESpaf omif;twGuf usyf 7ç997 ode;f ESihf v,f,moH;k pufu&d , d m usyf 1ç064 odef;? aEGpyg;wGif 4700 {utwGuf usyf 1ç185 odef;? 2010-11 ckESpf rdk;pyg;&moDwGif v,f{uoH;k aomif;twGuf usyf 12ç000 ode;f ESihf v,f,moH;k pufu&d , d m usyfoed ;f 1ç000 yHyh ;kd ay;cJah Mumif; tqdkygukrÜPDxHrS pHkprf;od&Sd&onf/ n

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ENERGY

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16 THE VOICE WEEKLY

Vol.7 / No.27 - June 20 - 26 , 2011

PERSPECTIVE

VOICE

The

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

EdkifiHESifU aiGaMu;pepf atmifx#G f iHwpfEdkifiH\ aiGaMu;pepfESifhywfoufaomrl0g'udk Monetary Policy [kac:NyD; aiG Monetary Policy ESifhywfoufí wm0ef&SdoltzGJUtpnf;rSm A[dkbPfjzpfygonf/ A[dkbPf Ouú|&mxl;rSm ta&;BuD;aomaMumifh EdkifiHtoD;oD;wGif xdyfoD;pD;yGm;a&;ynm&Sifrsm;udkom cefYxm;avh&Sdaom&mxl;jzpfygonf/ EdkifiHtoD;oD;onf rnfrQyifEdkifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;? ,Ofaus;rI"avhxHk;pHrsm; uGmjcm;apumrl EdkifiH\aiGaMu;pepfESifh ywfoufvQif rjzpfraevdkufemMu&avh&Sdonfh pHEIef;rsm;&Sdygonf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm -

Edkif

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aiGazmif;yGrEI eI ;f xm;udk wwfEdkiforQ a,bk,stm;jzifU 15 &mcdik Ef eI ;f ESiUf atmufukd xde;f odr;f ay;&onf/ odrhk o S m Edik if jH cm;aiGjzifU zvS,o f nfEU eI ;f ? ukeaf ps;EIe;f ponfrsm;udk wnfNird af tmifjyKvyk Ef ikd rf nfjzpfonf/ aiGaMu;azmif;yGrI 15 &mcdik Ef eI ;f txufa&muf&o dS mG ;vQif aps;EIe;f rsm; tvIyt f cwf rsm;vGe;f aomaMumifU wnfNird af tmif zefw;D Edik pf rG ;f aysmufq;kH oGm;rnf/

txl;ojzifU aiGaMu;azmif;yGrI 9 &mcdkifEIef;om&SdawmUonfU ,aehtcsdefrsKd;onf pHcsdefrDaiGaMu;aps;uGufESifU pepfwpfckudk zefwD;&eftaumif;qHk;tcsdef jzpfonf[k qdkcsifygonf/ EdkifiHjcm;aiGESifUzvS,fonfUEIef;xm;rsm;? ukefaps;EIef;rsm;onf aps;EIef;rnfa&GYrnfrQqdkonfxuf wnfNidrfatmifxdef;odrf;xm;Edkifa&;onfom ta&;BuD;onf[k oabmaygufEdkifvQif ,aehjrefrmEdkifiHwGif ukefoG,frIESifU&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrIrsm; taotcsmjzpfxGef;um EdkifiHom;wdkif;vnf; yef;wdkifa&muf? EdkifiHawmfvnf; yef;wdkifa&mufqdkaomyef;wdkifudk tvG,fwulzefwD;EdkifygvdrfUrnf/ twGuf bPfvkyfief;rsm;udk us,fus,fjyefYjyefYjzpfxGef;apa&; onf toufwrQta&;BuD;onf/ odkYrSom Access to Credit ac: acs;aiG&&SdEdkifpGrf;udkjzpfapNyD; ukefxkwfvkyfrIESifh 0efaqmifrI rsm; wdk;wufjcif;jzpfEdkifrnf/ 9/ bPfpepfxGef;um;jcif;ESifhtwl bPfrsm;NydKvJjcif; yl;wGJyg0ifvmwwfaomaMumifh Deposit Insurance Bank ac: bPfrsm;udk tmrcHonfhbPfwpfckudkvnf; rjzpfraexlaxmif xm;&efvdktyfonf/ 10/ ydkíta&;BuD;onfrSm txufygjyKjyifajymif;vJa&; vkyfief;pOftrsm;pkonf wpfpkwpfaygif;vkyf&onfh vkyfief; aqmifwmrsm;jzpf&m wpfydkif;pDudk wpfqifhpDjyKjyifjcif;jzifh ydkrdk qdk;&Gm;aomtajctaeudk a&muf&SdoGm;wwfonfqdkaomtcsuf udk tav;xm;&efvdkygonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHwGif EdkifiHjcm;aiGjzifh zvS,fonfhaps;EIef;rsm; onf a,bk,stm;jzifh Up Trend ac: twufoufoufjzpf&m pDrHcefYcGJolrsm;onf ,ckuJhodkY 800 cefYodkYa&muf&SdoGm;jcif;rsKd;

udk rsm;pGmvdv k m; BuKd qMkd uavh&o dS nfukd awGUcJzh ;l ygonf/ aiGaMu; aps;uGuEf iS yhf wfoufí A[db k Pfrsm;\ t"duwm0efrmS aps;EIe;f wnfNidrfa&;yifjzpfayonf/ ,ckjzpfay:vmaom jrefrmusyfaiG ckdifrmrIonf Money in circulation xJrS M1 [kac:&rnhf aiGom;rsm;Ekwo f rd ;f oGm;jcif; aMumifjh zpfEidk yf gonf/ NyD;cJah omvydik ;f rsm;twGi;f Ekikd if yH ikd af jruGuf ESifh taqmufttHkrsm; avvHatmifxm;olrsm;u tpdk;&xHay; oGif;cJhaom aiGrsm;xJwGif jynfyrS aiGaMu;rsm;vnf; yg0if aeonf[kqkdygonf/ xdkYaMumifh ,ckjzpfay:vmaom a':vm aps;onf xdak iGaMu;Ekwo f rd ;f rIaMumifjh zpf&onfrmS aocsmygonf/ oufqdkif&mA[dkbPfrsm;onf GDP jrifhwufjcif;r[kwf bJjzpf&onfh Appreciation rsK;d (Oyrm-usyaf iGcikd rf movdjk zpfvm jcif;) udk tpdk;&toHk;p&dwfjr§ifhwifjcif;rsKd;jzifh jyefvnfajzavQmh ay;&avh&Sdonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHwGif usyf 800 atmufa&muf&SdoGm; aom usyfaiGwefzkd;udk aq;uk&mü txufwGifazmfjycJhonfh tcsuf 10 csufxJrS tcsKdUudk wpfNydKifeufjyKvkyfí ukpm;Edkif &ef rsm;pGmtajctaeay;ae&m rsm;pGmukov kd x f ;l onf[q k Ekd ikd yf g onf/ txl;ojzifh aiGaMu;azmif;yGrI 9 &mcdik Ef eI ;f om&Sad wmhonfh ,aeYtcsdefrsKd;onf pHcsdefrDaiGaMu;aps;uGufESifh pepfwpfckudk zefwD;&eftaumif;qHk;tcsdefjzpfonf[kqdkcsifygonf/ EdkifiHjcm; aiGESifhzvS,fonfh EIef;xm;rsm;? ukefaps;EIef;rsm;onf aps;EIef; rnfa&GUrnfrQqdkonfxuf wnfNidrfatmifxdef;odrf;xm;Edkifa&; onfom ta&;BuD;onf[k oabmaygufEdkifvQif ,aeYjrefrm Edik if w H iG f ukeo f , G rf EI iS hf &if;ES;D jr§KyfErHS rI sm; taotcsmjzpfxeG ;f um EdkifiHom;wdkif;vnf;yef;wdkifa&muf? EdkifiHawmfvnf; yef;wdkif a&mufqdkaomyef;wdkifudk tvG,fwulzefwD;Edkifygvdrfhrnf/ jrefrmaiGaMu; aps;uGuf\ vuf&SdtajctaerSm tpdk;&\ 0ifaiGrsm; (T) rsm; (G) government spending rjzpfao;bJ ,m,Dtm;jzifh aysmufq;kH aeonfo h abmjzpfygonf/ yifpifvpm rsm; wk;d ay;jcif;jzifh G (Government spending) udjk r§iw hf ifay;vQif GDPvnf;wuf "eOpömcGa J 0rI rSeu f efapa&;vnf; jzpfonfw h idk f Mum;umv,m,D GDP usqif;rI\ aps;uGut f ay: oufa&muf rI (txl;ojzifh ykdYukef) BuD;rm;vGef;cJhvQif tvGefpGefYpm;&m usygvdrhfrnfqdkaom tcsufjzpfygonf/ atmif x G # f

PERSPECTIVE

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

VOICE

The

r[mAsL[m (4) STRATEGY ausm0f if;

r[mAsL[mpDrHcsufenf;emrsm; METHODS of STRATEGIC PLANNING [mAsL[mpDrHcsufqkd&mwGif rsufarSmufjyKae&aom yuwdt&St d ay: pepfwuso½kycf pGJ pd pf&onfrsm;? tem*wf &nfrSef;csufrsm; owfrSwf&onfrsm;? tqkdyg&nfrSef;csufukd vufawGUtaumiftxnfazmf&mwGif awGUBuKH&zG,f&Sdonfh wkHYjyefrIrsm;? a&G;cs,fp&mrsm;ESifh vkdtyfaom nTefMum;csufrsm; azmfxkwfMu&onfhjzpfpOfwkdY tusKH;0ifonf/ þae&mwGif rwlaom &nfrSef;csufrsm;t&aomfvnf; aumif;? jcm;em;aom a&G;cs,frIrsm;? vkyfief;pOfrsm;t&aomf vnf;aumif; (obm0uspGmyif) r[mAsL[mpDrHcsufenf;emrsm; onfvnf; uJGjym;jcm;em;Muygvdrfhrnf/ okdYtwGuf rdrd rsufarSmufjyKMu&onfhtajctae? rdrdowfrSwfxm;aom &nf r S e f ; csuf ? rd r d a &G ; cs,f x m;aom vk y f i ef ; pOf r sm;ES i f h avsmn f rD nfeh nf;emrsm;ukd azmfxw k t f ok;H jyKMu&rnfjzpfygonf/ þokdYr[kwfrlbJ tvkH;pkH tusKH;0ifaprnfh avmuvkH;oabm aqmifonf[, k lqaom enf;emwpf&yf&yfukd taoukdifrnfqkd ygu vufawGUtusKd;r&Sd½kHrQru qefYusifbuftusKd;qufrsm; yif ay:xGufvmEkdifp&m&Sdygonf/

Configuration School (zG J U pnf ; yH k * d k P f ; ) qdkcJhNyD;aom*dkPf; udk;*dkPf;vHk;udk a&marTxm;onfh *dkPf; aygif;pHkt,ltqudk udk,fpm;jyKygonf/ *dkPf;toD;oD;\ t,l tqtrsKd;rsKd;rSm Zmwfvrf;pOfBuD;wpfckvHk;wGif yg0ifaom ZmwfuGufi,frsm;jzpfonf[k þ*dkPf;u,lqonf/

10/

tawG;tac: *kP d ;f rsm; acwfNydKifr[mAsL[mynm&SifwpfOD;jzpfaom ][ife&DrifhZf bwfcf} u r[mAsL[mazmfxkwfa&;ESifhywfoufaom tawG; tac:*kdPf;q,fckukd azmfjycJhygonf/ tqkdyg q,f*kdPf;xJrS yxrok;H *kP d ;f rSm rSeu f efonfh vrf;aMumif;wpfcu k dk azmfxw k Ef idk f &ef BudK;yrf;Muonfjzpfí nTefMum;csufoabm? aq;nTef; oabm[kqEdk idk yf gvdrrhf nf/ Prescriptive Approach [kac:onf/ qkdcJhygokH;*kdPf;rSm 1/ Design School ('DZkdif;-*kdPf;) þ*kdPf;u r[mAsL[mpDrHcsufqkdonfukd ]w&m;0ifowf rSwfxm;jcif;r&Sdaom? oabmxm;tjrifay: tajccHonfhjzpfpOf wpf&yf} (An Informal Comceptual Process) tjzpf ,lqonf/ a,bk,stm;jzifh rdrdukd,fukd,kHMunfrI&Sdaom refae*smrsm;u þ*kP d ;f \t,ltqukd ukid w f , G t f vkyv f yk af vh&MdS uonf/ þ*kP d ;f u tqkdjyKaomenf;emukdyif SWOT qkdaom pmvkH;av;vkH;ESifh tESpcf sKyfrw S o f m;Muonfvnf;&So d nf/ Strengths ?Weaknesses ? Opportunities ESifh Threats qkdaom pum;vkH;av;ckukd ukd,fpm; jyKonfh twkad umuftu©&mrsm;jzpfygonf/ tm;aumif;csufEiS hf tm;enf;csuf? tcGit hf vrf;ESihf tEÅ&m,fwYdk udk csdecf iG v f QmrQ&rnf qkdaom oabmjzpfonf/

þodkhvufawGYtaumiftxnfazmf&if;rSyif csrSwfxm;aom r[mAsL[mESifU yuwdt&Sdwdkhudk jyefvnfxdef;n§d (Strategic Controls) Edkifrnfjzpfygonf/ þodkhaom xdef;n§dppfaq;rI rsm;u rlvtajctae tuJjzwfcsufrsm;udkaomfvnf;aumif;? ueOD;azmfxkwfxm;aom r[mAsL[mvrf;aMumif;udkaomfvnf;aumif; jyefvnftm;jznfUay;Edkifygonf/ tcsKyfqdk&vQif r[mAsL[mwpf&yfudk acwfESifU tHacsmfroGm;ap&ef tpOfxm0& jyefvnfi,f½kyf qifapEdkifrnfUyHkpH[k qdk&rnfjzpfygonf/

qGefZl;rdk',f

Planning School (pD r H c suf * k d P f ; )

w&m;0ifowfrSwfazmfxkwfMu&rnfh r[mAsL[mpDrHcsuf rsm;twGuf &nf&G,fNyD; Design School \ tjrifrsm;ukd wkd;csJU rGrf;rHxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ þ*kdPf;ESpfck\ tajccHpOf;pm;ykHpOf;pm; enf;rSm ajymyavmufatmif ruGmvSaomfvnf; vufawGUusifh okH;&mwGifrl uGm[csufrsm;&Sdonf/ 3/ Positioning School (½Iaxmifh*kdPf;) þ*kP d ;f \ pOf;pm;enf;url a&SUESp*f P dk ;f ESirhf wlyg/ a&SUESpf *kdPf; (Design ESifh Planning) u r[mAsL[m azmfxkwfa&;jzpfpOf ukd t"duxm;aomfvnf; ,ckwwd,*kP d ;f url r[mAsL[mwpfck vkH;\ ]tESpfom&} (Content) ykdif;ukd A[kdjyKpOf;pm;onf/ tqkyd g ok;H *kP d ;f rSty jzpfaom usef ckepf*P dk ;f url vufawGU tokH;jyKrIykdif;ukd tav;ay;azmfjyMuonfjzpfí Descriptive Approach [k owfrSwfEkdifygonf/ ¤if;wkdYrSm 4/ Cognitive School (tawG;tjrif*kdPf ;) þ*kdPf;u r[mAsL[mazmfxkwfa&;wGif ½kyfykdif;qkdif&m tajctaersm;xuf OD;aqmifazmfxkwfolESifh vufawGUtaumif txnfazmfaqmif&GufolwkdY\ pdwfykdif;qkdif&m tajrmftjrifu ykdta&;BuD;onf[k ,lqonf/ OD;aESmufyg0g\ tcef;u@ukd tav;xm;aom tawG;tac:*kdPf;jzpfygonf/ 5/ Entrepreneurial School (tJefx&my&maem*kdPf;) r[mAsL[mpDrHcsufqkdonfukd ]vm;&mtjrif} (Vision) yg aom jzpfpOfwpf&yftjzpf ,lqaom *kdPf;jzpfonf/ OD;aqmif azmfxw k o f \ l t&Snaf rQmaf wG;Ekid pf rG ;f u vm;&mtjrif\ tus,f tjyefYEiS hf twdrt f eufudk owfrw S jf y|mef;ay;vdrrhf nf[k cH,o l nf/ 6/ Learning School (avhvmoif,la&;*kdPf;) ppfrSefaom r[mAsL[mwpf&yfrSm pkaygif;avhvma&; jzpf pOfxJrSom ay:xGufvmEkdifonfqkdaom ,lqcsufukd tajccH onfh*kdPf;jzpfonf/ 7/ Power School (yg0g*kdPf;) þ*kP d ;f u r[mAsL[mazmfxw k af &;jzpfpOftwGi;f BuHK&zG,f &Sdonfh y#dyu©rsm;? 0da&m"drsm;ukd t"dutm½kHjyKpOf;pm;NyD; tcGifh tmPm(yg0g)tjynft h 0tok;H jyKEkid pf rG ;f tay: tajcwnfpOf;pm; onf/ 8/ Cultural School (,Ofaus;rI"avh*kdPf;) r[mAsL[mazmfxw k af &;jzpfpOftwGi;f pkaygif;tm;xkwrf ?I yl;aygif;aqmif&u G rf rI sufEmS pmrsm;ukd A[kjd yKpOf;pm;onf*h P kd ;f jzpf onf/ oufqikd &f mvlYtzGUJ tpnf;\ ,Ofaus;rI"avhEiS q hf ufpyfNyD; yl;aygif;aqmif&GufEdkifpGrf;&Sd? r&Sdudk tuJjzwfcsifhwGufonf/ 9/ Environmental School (obm0ywf0ef;usif*dkPf;) þ*dkPf;\tvdkt& r[mAsL[mpOf;pm;csufwdkif;onf jyifytiftm;pk? wpfenf;obm0ywf0ef;usifukd wHYk jyefMu&onf [k,lqonf/ r[mAsL[mwpf&yf\ vufawGUatmifjrifrIudk tuJjzwf&mwGif obm0ywf0ef;usiftay: oufa&mufrIudkyg xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;onfhoabm jzpfygonf/

qdkcJhNyD;aom tawG;tac:*dkPf;rsm;rS t,ltqrsm;udk oifhovdk toHk;jyKMu&mrS r[mAsL[mpDrHcsufenf;emtrsKd;rsKd; ay:xGuv f mjcif;jzpfygonf/ odYk EiS w hf ikd f rifZh b f wfcf azmfjycJah om *dkPf;rsm;rSm aumfydk&dwfr[mAsL[menf;emrsm;wGifom toHk;jyK Muonfu rsm;ygonf/ wpfenf;qdk&vQif pD;yGm;a&;e,fy,f ESifhom oufqdkifovdkjzpfaeonf/ trSefpifppf ppfa&;r[m AsL[mpDrHcsufrsm;wGifvnf; rwljcm;em;aom enf;emrsKd;pHk &SdMuonfomjzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYtxJrStxif&Sm;qHk;ESpfenf;rSm 1984 ckESpfu ume,f0DvsH-yDaumh azmfxkwfcJhaom ]yDaumhrdk',f} (Peacock Model) ESifh vGefcJhaom ESpfaygif; 2000 uwnf;u qGefZl; azmfxkwfcJhaom ]qGefZl;rdk',f} (Sun Tzu Model) wdkYjzpfonf/ txl;ojzifh qGefZl;rdk',fudk ppfa&;omru EdkifiHa&;r[mAsL[m azmfxkwf&mwGifyg wGifwGifus,fus,f toHk;jyKMuonfudk awGU&ygonf/ tajymif;tvJrsm;? ydí k jrefqefou G v f ufvmaom ,aeYacwfwGif ydkíyiftoHk;wnfhonf[k qdkMuonf/ a,bk,soabmajym&vQif qGefZl;rdk',frSm SWOT t,l tqESihf oabmxm;tjrifay: tajccHonfh pDrcH sufwYkd ukd aygif; pyfxm;jcif;yifjzpfonf/ SWOT t,ltqrSm ],ckvuf&Sd rsuf arSmufjyKaeMu&aom tajctaetay: tuJjzwfqef;ppfcsuf (Situational Appraisal) rS xGufay:vmonfjzpfí tenf;ESifh trsm; qdkovdk umvuefYowfcsuf&Sdygonf/ taMumif;rl ]tajctae} qdkonfrSm wpf&Hrvyfajymif;vJaeaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ þodkY tuefYtowf&SdaeonfhtwGufaMumifhyif SWOT ay: tajccHazmfxkwfaom r[mAsL[m (Strategy Formulation) rSmvnf; ajymif;vJvmaom tajctaeopfrsm;udk tcgcyfodrf;udk,fpm;jyKEdkifvdrfhrnfr[kwfygacs/ þtm;enf;csufudk jznfhqnf;Edkif&eftwGuf oabmxm; tjrifay:tajccHaompDrHcsufjzifh aygif;pyfay;&jcif;jzpfygonf/ þodkY aygif;pyfay;jcif;jzifh r[mAsL[mudk tcgtm;avsmfpGm ]wefz;kd jzwfcsiw hf u G }f (Strategy Evaluation) vmEdik yf gonf/ odYkEiS hf trQ ajymif;vJvmaom tajctaeopfrsm;ESifh wdkufqdkifppfaq; um r[mAsL[mvufawGUtaumiftxnfazmfa&; (Strategy Implementation) udk touf0ifatmif aqmif&GufEdkifrnfjzpf onf/ þodkYvufawGUtaumiftxnfazmf&if;rSyif csrSwfxm; aom r[mAsL[mESifh yuwdt&SdwdkYudk jyefvnfxdef;n§d (Strategic Controls) Edi k rf nfjzpfygonf/ þodYk aom xde;f n§pd pfaq;rI rsm;u rlvtajctaetuJjzwfcsufrsm;udkaomfvnf;aumif;? ueOD;azmfxkwfxm;aom r[mAsL[mvrf;aMumif;udkaomf vnf;aumif; jyefvnftm;jznfhay;Edkifygonf/ tcsKyfqdk&vQif r[mAsL[mwpf &yfudk acwfESifhtHacsmfroGm;ap&ef tpOfxm0& jyefvnfi,f½kyf qifapEdkifrnfhyHkpH[k qdk&rnfjzpfygonf/ qGefZl;\ qdkcJhygyHkpHudk ydkíxifomjrifom&Sdap&ef ]yHk} ESifh wGJzufavhvmEdkifygonf/ Situational Appraisal

Strategy

Formulation Evaluation Strategic Strategic Controls Implementation

Sun Tzu's Planning Model

ausmf0if; pmñTef; - Political Strategies (Peter Schroder)

VOICE

The

PERSPECTIVE

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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tusKd;pD;yGm;rsm;udk rmwD&vdu k jf cif;jzpfonf/ rmwDonf NAdwo d Q olvQKd tDwvDaumifppf0ef tef'a&EdkESifh {&m0wD zvkyfwDvm oabFmay:ü awGUqHkonf/ tef'a&Edkonf rmwDESifhawGUqHkpOf tay:pD;rS pwifqufqHonf/ jyifopfwdkY wHkuif;e,frSjzwfum txufjrefrmjynfokdY vufeufrsm;ydkYaqmifrnfhuwdpmcsKyf olr &&Sx d m;aMumif; rmwDu zGiahf jymvdu k cf sed f tef'a&Edk £a`E´raqmif Edik af wmh/ rmwDx h rH S &&Sv d u kd af om pmcsKyfpmwrf;rsm;udk NAdwo d QwYkd xH olydkYay;rnfhtaMumif;? tusKd;r,kwfap&yg[k tef'a&Edku ajymonf/ NAdwo d Qtpd;k &xHrS ,HMk unfpw d cf s&rIrsK;d vlrod olrod om rmwD&vdkonf/ tef'a&Edkuvnf; uwday;onf/ NAdwdoQ olvQKo d nf rmwDx h rH S &&Sv d u kd af om pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;ukd ESpyf ikd ;f cJG vdkufonf/ EdkifiHa&;ESifhywfoufonfhwpfydkif;? ul;oef;a&mif; 0,fa&;ESiyhf wfoufonft h ydik ;f wdYk jzpfonf/ Edik if aH &;ESiyhf wfouf onfh pm&Gupf mwrf;rsm;udk rD&moabFmjzifh &efuek &f dS 0ef&iS af wmf rif;BuD; bm;ewf'fxH ydkYvdkufonf/ 1885 Zlvdkif 6 &ufaeYwGif bm;ewf'f\ twGif;0efu tef'a&Edkay;ydkYaom vQKdU0Sufpm&Guf rsm;udk vufcH&&Sdonf/ pm&Gufrsm;rSm 1873 jrefrm-jyifopf cspfMunfa&;pmcsKyfudk 1884 ZGef 1 &uf aeYpGJjzifh xyfrHtwnf jyKxm;aom pmcsKyf? 1885 Zefe0g&D 15 jyifopf-jrefrm pmcsKyf? {NyDv 2 &ufaeYpjJG zifh csKyfqakd om jrefrm-*smreD pmcsKyf? jyifopf*smreDwYkdEiS hf jrefrmwkYdcsKyq f akd om pmcsKyo f ;kH ckwYkdjzpfonf/ aemufq;kH wpfckrSm 0ef&Sifawmfrif;BuD; bm;ewf'f rsufcHk;yifhoGm;ap&onfh pmjzpfonf/ ,if;rSm jyifopfEdkifiHjcm;a&;½Hk;u jrefrmoHtzGJUxH 1885 Zefe0g&Dv 15&ufaeYpGJjzifhay;aom csdyfydwfay;pmjzpfonf/ xdkpmtwGif;azmfjyxm;onfrSm jyifopfwdkY\ tmrcHcsufrsm; jzpfonf/ yGef'Dcs,f&DwGif&Sdaom jrifuGef;rif;om;udk jyifopfydkifeuf e,ftwGif;rS xGufcGmapjcif;r&Sd&ef wm0ef,ljcif;? rEÅav;rS wHkuif;yifv,fauGUtxd rD;&xm;vrf;azmufvkyfcJhygu vdktyf orQukd ulnaD y;&ef? rEÅav;tpd;k &vdt k yfaom vufeufc, J rf;rD; ausmufrsm;udk wHu k if;rSwpfqifh wifyYkd ay;&efwYkd jzpfonf/ xdpk m t& NAdwdoQwdkYonf jyifopfNcdrf;ajcmufrIudk rsuf0g;xifxif jrifvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ tef'a&Edu k jyifopfwYkdonf rEÅav;ü bPfcw JG pfczk iG &hf ef? rD;&xm;vrf;azmufvyk &f efEiS hf ausmufwiG ;f wl;azmfciG rhf sm; &&S&d ef BudK;pm;aeaMumif; bm;ewf'fxH xyfrHtpD&ifcHonf/ bm;ewf'f onf tpD&ifcpH mrsm;udk tuket f pif r,HMk unf/ xdt k cg tef'a&Edk u 0ef&Sifawmfrif;BuD;udk rD;xdk;ay;onf/ rEÅav;odkYa&mufae

aom z&uf'&pf tm;pfonf oDaygrif;xH tcpm;0ifEikd af &; enf; rsKd;pHkjzifh BudK;pm;aeonfudk xyfwvJvJ axmufjyonf/ xdktcg bm;ewf'fonf uif;0efrif;BuD;xH pmwpfapmif a&;om;onf/ jyifopfwYkd EiS hf ul;oef;a&mif;0,fa&;vkyaf qmif&m wGif NAdwdoQwdkY\ tusKd;pD;yGm;rsm;tm; y,fzsuf&ef aqmif&Guf ygu rdwfaqGryDoaomvkyf&yfjzpfaMumif;? NAdwdoQwdkYtaejzifh rEÅav;tm; odr;f ydu k v f akd omqE´r&Sad Mumif;? Mum;0ifpu G zf ufvkd jcif;vnf;r&Sad Mumif;? odYkaomf tjcm;aom Oa&myEdik if w H pfEikd if \ H tmPmpuftwGif; rEÅav;cdkvIH&ef BuHpnfygu tdE´d,tpdk;& taejzifh Mum;0ifpu G zf uf&awmhrnfjzpfaMumif; azmfjyvdu k o f nf/ ,if;rSm jyifopfNcdrf;ajcmufrIudk t*FvdyfwdkY tvGeftrif; pdk;&drfaeonfhtaMumif; odomxif&Sm;aponf/ uif;0efrif;BuD; twefwefwm;qD;onfMh um;rS jyifopfaumifppf0ef z&uf'&pftm;pf wpfa,muf oDaygbk&ifxH zl;ajrmfcGifhudk &oGm;onf/ bk&ifESifh awGUcGifhr&cif tm;pfwpfa,muf 0efBuD;rsm;udk tawmfazsmif;zs em;oGi;f &ao;onf/ rEÅav;wGif t*Fvyd o f u H kd jyefvnfcefYxm; ay;&ef? xdo k YkdrcefYxm;ygu NAdwo d QwYkd rEÅav;udo k rd ;f Edik af Mumif; ajymqdkonf/ odkYaomf tm;pf\ rSwfcsufay;rIudk 0efBuD;rsm;u em;rvnfMu/ jyifopfrS jrefrmodkY bmomjyefEdkifrnfholr&Sd/ xdYk aMumifh pmjzifah &;um wifjyonf/ xdpk mudk t*Fvyd b f momodYk jyefay;olrSm t*FvdyfolvQKd tef'a&Edk\aus;Zl;cH jrefrmpma&; wpfOD; jzpfaeonf/ xdktcg wdkifwm;rif;BuD;wdkYu bHkabbm;rm;ukrÜPD (bDbDwDpD) \ uefx½dkufrsm;udk zsufodrf;NyD; jyifopfukrÜPDodkY vTt J yfum opfxw k v f yk cf iG ahf y;rnfo h wif;rsm; tef'a&Edrk w S pfqifh 0ef&Sifawmfrif;BuD;xH aygufoGm;awmhonf/ uHMur®monf rsuv f n S jhf yvdu k af vovm; odYkr[kwf rEÅav; onf uHMur®mESihf tavmif;tpm;vkyv f u kd af vovm; uRefawmf aoaocsmcsm rodawmhyg/ zdeyfjyóemaMumifh jrefrmbk&ifxH 0ifa&mufcpm;cGirhf &aom NAdwo d QwYkdtzdYk jyifopfwYkd ¤if;wdYktusK;d pD;yGm;rsm;udk 0ifvo k mG ;ygu 0rf;enf;yufvuftajctaeudk &ifqikd f &awmhrnf/ xdktajctaeudk &onfhenf;jzifh wm;&awmhrnf/ vef'ef&t dS pd;k &ud, k w f ikd f yg&Dukd zdtm;ay;awmhrnf/ NAdwo d QwYkd\ oHo, ydrk Bkd uD;xGm;vmonft h csdef rEÅav;onf b,faomtcg rS odr;f ydu k cf &H rnf[k rxif&avonht f vm; wdwq f w d Nf idro f uf aeonf/ rkefwdkif;rvmcif avjynfavnif;rsm; wdkufcwfae onfhtvm;/ aeoefarmif

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

PERSPECTIVE

VOICE

The

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VOICE

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PERSPECTIVE

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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jynfya':vmpm; a':vmpm;rSeforQ idk&jcif;jzpf&m jynfyrS a':vmpm;rsm; (oabFmom;rsm;? ukef;ay:wGif aexdkifvkyfudkifolrsm;) vnf; ½dIufMuD;wiif idkMu&onf/ jynfyrS a':vmpm;wdkif;ridk& ([dkrSm ae? [krd mS pm;olwYkd rid&k ) aomfvnf; jrefrmEkid if o H Ykd aiGjyefyYkd onfh a':vmpm;wdik ;f idMk u&onf/ olwYkdridv k Qif olwYdkvyJT Ykdaoma':vm udk jrefrmEkid if w H iG ;f wGif pm;ok;H aom rdbaqGrsdK;rsm; idMk u&onf/ vTyJ Ykd aomaiGrmyrmPudk wd;k oGm;atmif tvG,w f ulvyk Ef idk rf nf r[kwf (a':vm 500 ydYk&mrS a':vm 1000 ajymif;ydYkjcif;)&m rdb aqGrsdK;rsm;\ 0,f,lpm;okH;EkdifpGrf;tm; xuf0ufusqif;oGm; jcif;jzpfonf/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif jynfyrS jyefvTJydkYaiGrsm;udk rSDcdkae& olrsm;renf;vS&m xdo k rl sm;tm;vk;H 0,fEidk pf rG ;f tm;usomG ;ayrnf/

EkdifiHwum taxmuftyHU a':vmaps;usjcif;onf EkdifiHwumtaxmuftyHhrsm;\ jynfwGif;wGif axmufyHhEkdifpGrf;tm; avsmhusoGm;jcif;jzpfonf/ ,cifu wpfa':vmay;vQif &Ekid o f nft h axmuftyHu h kd ,cktcg ESpaf ':vmay;rS &awmhrnfo h abmjzpf&m tvSL&SiEf idk if t H rsm;pkjzpf onfh taemufEidk if rH sm; b@ma&;tusyt f wnf;aMumifh taxmuf tyhrH sm; aiGrmwefz;kd jzifyh if avsmo h mG ;jcif;udk xnfw h u G v f Qif ydq k ;kd oGm;Ekdifonf/ ,ckyifvQif jrefrmEdkifiHodkY t"dutultnDay;ae onfo h rl sm;u xdYkxuf a':vmwefz;kd qufusvQif ,ckEpS b f wf*suf rSm csxm;jyD;onfhtwGuf ,ckESpfwGif tvkyfrnfodkYqufvkyf& rnfukd rodawmhyg[k qkMd uonf/ tqk;H wGif xdcu kd rf nfo h rl sm;rSm xdt k zGUJ tpnf;rsm;\ taxmuftyhu H , kd al e&olrsm;yifjzpfonf/

ydkhukefOD;pm;ay; a':vmESifh jrefrmaiGvJvS,f&mwGif a':vmaysmhoGm;jcif; aMumifh jrefrmEkid if rH S jynfyodYk a':vmjzifah &mif;csaomypön;f rsm; aps;MuD;oGm;jyD; jynfwiG ;f okYd a':vmwefz;kd jzifo h iG ;f onfh oGi;f ukef rsm; aps;aygoGm;rnfo h abmjzpfonf/ zGUH jzKd ;wd;k wuf&ef MuKd ;pm;onfh EkdifiHwdkif;vdkvdk usifhokH;oifhonfh aq;enf;rSm ydkYukefjr§ifhwifjcif;

jzpf&m rdrdaiGrmvQif rdrdydkYukefaps;MuD; um EkdifiHwumaps;uGufwGif aps;EIef;t& r,SOfEkdifrnfpdk;aom aMumifh aiGrmrnfudk tonf;toef pdk;&drfwwfMuonf/ aiGudk trmrcHMuaomaMumifh ukefoG,fzufEkdifiH odkYr[kwf jydKifbuf EkdifiHrsm;u aiGrmay;&ef zdtm;ay;vmwwfMuonf/ 1970 ESpf rsm;u *syef\ydYkuek rf sm;udk r,SOEf idk af om tar&duefjynfaxmifpk u ,ef;aiGrmatmif tMudrMf udrf zdtm;ay;vmaomaMumifh *syefu vdkufavsmcJh&onf/ ,cktcsdefwGif w½kwf,GrfaiGudk rmatmif tvm;wlzdtm;ay;rIrsm;udk tMudrfMudrfawGYvm&jcif;? w½kwf tpdk;&uvnf; tMudrfMudrf MuHhMuHhcHxm;jcif;wdkYudk MunfhvQif aiGaysmhjcif;ESifh ydkYukefjr§ifhwifjcif;wdkY wdkuf½dkuftcsdK; rnfrQus aMumif; awGUEkid o f nf/ jrefrmEkid if \ H obm0o,HZmwydYk uek rf sm; (ausmufrsuf? "mwfaiGY? opf) r[kwfaom tjcm;ydkYukeftrsm;pk onf aps;EIef;edrfhjcif;[laom tm;omcsufwpfckwnf;om&Sd&m xdw k pfcw k nf;aom tm;omcsuf avsmhyg;oGm;rnfqv kd Qif ydYk uek f jr§ifhwifjcif;tay: rsm;pGmxdcdkufEdkifonf/ (Promotion of Exports)

wpfaps;wnf;aom a':vm w&m;0ifaiGvv J , S Ef eI ;f rSm wpfa':vmvQif 6 usyfcefYEiS hf 1977 arvuwnf;u taoowfrw S x f m;cJ&h m aps;uGuaf ygufaps; ESihf tqaygif;rsm;pGm uGm[aeonf[k jynfwiG ;f jynfy ynm&Sif trsm;ESifh EkdifiHwumzGHUjzdK;a&; tzGJUtpnf;rsm;u wnDwnGwf wnf; vufcHxm;Muonf/ a':vmESifh jrefrmaiGvJvS,f&mwGif pyful;ryful;umv prf;oyf jcif;tjzpf FEC udk a':vmESifh usyftMum; cHxm;cJhjcif;rSmvnf; 1993 rS pwifcJh&m 18 ESpfMumjyDjzpfaomaMumifh aemufwpfqifh tjzpf a':vmESifhusyf w&m;0ifvJvS,fEdkif&ef usifhom;&jyD;tajc taeodkY qkdufa&muf aeygonf / pD ; yG m ;a&;jyKjyif a jymif ; vJ r I r sm;jyKvk y f r nf [ k tpdk;&opfuvnf; oEdé|mefudk tMudrfMudrf xkwfazmfjycJhonf/

arQmrvm;? taocsnfrvm; a':vmESifh jrefrmaiGudk wpfckwnf;aom vJvS,fEIef;okdY ajymif;rnfqdkvQif aps;uGufaygufaps;twdkif;jzpfap[k EIef;&Sif arQmxm;rnfvm;(Float)? ,ckuJhodkYyif taoowfrSwfrnfvm; (Fixed) [laom ar;cGef;rsm;ay:vmjyefonf/ xdkYtwlyif tao owfrw S rf nf? taocsdwrf nfqykd guvnf; rnfonfah iGaMu;ESihf csdwfrnfqdkaom ar;cGef;u ay:xGufvmjyefonf/ a':vmvm;? ,l½dkvm;? ,ef;vm;? ,Grfvm; ponf ponfjzifh/ rsm;aomtm; jz jzififhrl rdrdESifh ukefoG,frItMuD;qkH;jyKvkyfonfh EdkifiH\aiGaMu;ESif h csdwx f m;avh&o dS nf/ w½kwo f nf a':vmESichf sdwcJcf Jhonf onf/ jrefrm onf w½kwEf iS hf xdik ;f wdYkEiS hf ukeo f , G rf I tMuD;rm;qk;H jzpf&m ,GrEf iS hf bwfEiS hf csw d &f rnfo h abm/ odYkaomf rdrcd sw d rf nfEh idk if w H Ykd\ aiGaMu Mu;; rsm;u EkdifiHwumwGif tvG,fwul vJvS,f& r&? xdkEkdifiHwdkY\ pD;yGm;a&; cdkifrm rcdkifrmqkdonfwdkYuvnf; xnfhoGif;pOf;pm;& rnfhtcsufxJwGif ygaeonf/ ESp&f u G w f pf&u G u f pd o ö nf jrefrmwdYkavQmufvrS ;f &rnfh zGUH jzdK; a&;c&D;vrf;wGif rjzpfraeausmfjzwf&rnfh avSum;xpfMuD;wpfck jzpfjyD; acsmacsmarGUarGU jrefjrefqefqefausmfjzwfjcif;jzifh yef;wdik f odkY jrefjrefajcvSrf;Ekdifvdrfhrnf/ aZ,sol

BUYING GUIDE 21

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

Vol.7 / No.27

VOICE

The

VOICE

The

June 20 - 26 , 2011

New Books tkyfzwf&wm BudKufESpfoufwJh pmcspfolawGtwGuf uk d , fESEpS fNcdKuf&m taMumif;t&mav;awGyg0ifr,fh pmtkyfawGukd a&G;cs,f0,f,lvkdY&atmif topfxGuf&SdorQxJu vufvSrf;rD&m pm pmtk yfwcsKdU ukd aumufEkwfazmfjyay;xm;wmyg/

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jrefrmbmompum; Aspects of Myanmar Language

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&S m azG í &&S d a omypö n f ; wd k Y jzif h trGefjrwfqHk;? taumif;jrwfqHk; ypön;f wdYku0kd ,f,u l m yumoeOD;pm; ay;í Bu;D Bu;D us,u f s,f vSLwwfMu\/ ypö n f ; tvS L 'gewG i f rd r d w d k Y x uf omvGeo f rl &S?d rdrw d YkdtvSLuomvGef onfukdjyvdí k vSLwwfMu&m rdrw d Ykd

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VOICE

The

BUYING GUIDE

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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VOICE

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POLITICS

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

POLITICS

VOICE

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NET N TECH

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

VOICE

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Vol.7 / No.27

June 20 - 26 , 2011

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PERSPECTIVE

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VOICE

The

PERSPECTIVE

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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jref

Vol.7 / No.27 - June 20 - 26 , 2011

THE VOICE WEEKLY 31 31

INTERVIEW

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

VOICE

The

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THE VOICE WEEKLY 3333

Vol.7 / No.27 - June 20 - 26 , 2011 Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

HEALTH

VOICE

The

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vufaxmufuxdu oGm;wkaq;ynmXme? oGm;bufqkdif&maq;wuúokdvf? &efukefNrdKU/

Dr.MN : usef;rmwJhvlwkdif;tpm; xk;d vkYd &ygw,f/ t"duta&;BuD;wm u qD;csKda&m*g&SdwJhvlawG qD;csKduk orIrcHxm;&if oGm;jrpfwkpdkufvnf; cPav;eJY oGm;zkH;½kd;awG ysufpD;oGm; Ekid w f ,f/ aemufxyf aq;vdyt f vGef tuRHaomufwJholawGvnf; xnfh &ifvnf; tysufjrefw,f/ tMurf; ywrf;pm;wJholawGukd xnfh&ifvnf; MumMumcHr,frxifbl;/ tMurf;tm; jzifhawmh vlwkdif;pkdufvkdY&w,f/ Voice : oG m ;jrpf w k t pm;xk d ; uk owmu b,fvt dk ajctaerSm uRwf xGufwmwkdY? ysufpD;wmwkdY&SdvJ/ Dr.MN : oGm;jrpfwt k pm;xkd;uko rIawGukd taemufEkdifiHawGrSm vGefcJh wJhESpfaygif; 50 avmufuae pvkyf vmcJhwmqkdawmh tJ'DESpf 50 avmuf txdukd ruRwfbJeJY okH;aewJholawG &Sdw,f/ 'gayrJh aq;vdyftvGeftuRHH aomufwmwkYd ? tMurf;ywrf;pm;wm wkdY? Oyrm-uGrf;pm;wmwkdYuawmh oGm;ukd ysupf ;D Ekid w f ,f/ t"du uawmh oefY&Si;f a&;raumif;&if oGm;zkH;½kd;awG ysupf ;D Ny;D awmh oGm;jrpfwyk g uRwx f u G f Ekdifw,f/ Voice : oG m ;jrpf w k t pm;xk d ; uko&if b,fvkdaumif;usKd;awG &SdEkdifovJ/ Dr.MN : aumif;usKd;awGukdajym& r,fqkd&if t&ifukoenf;awGukd enf;enf;ajymzkdYvkdw,f/ taopkduf tpm;xkd;r,fqkd&if ab;oGm;awGukd ao;atmifpm;NyD;rS oGm;wkukd aq;eJY tay:uae pGyf&w,f/ tJ'DvkdpGyf wmuMum&if tJ'aD q;awG t&nfaysmf vm&if oGm;ykd;pm;wJh a&m*gawG? a&pD;urf;NydKa&m*gawG jzpfwwfw,f/ aemufNyD; ab;oGm;awG ao;atmif vkyw f t hJ wGuf oGm;a<uvTmawGyg;oGm; awmh ab;oGm;ukd xdckdufEkdifw,f/ qufwkduf ESpfacsmif;xufykdusKd;wm ukd taopkduf pkduf&if obm0 ab; oGm;awGukd 0efykdusapNyD;awmh cP av;eJY ysupf ;D oGm;Ekid w f ,f/ t&Sipf u dk f uawmh tHuyfjym;ukd vGwfaewJh oGm;zk;H ae&mrSm ar;wifxm;wJt h wGuf 0g;tm;odyfraumif ; bl ; / aemuf ab;oGm;awGukdvnf; owåKcsdwfeJY csdwfxm;wJhtwGuf ae&xkdif&wm vnf; raumif;bl;/ csdwfxm;wJh owåKawGu ay:ae&if Munfh&wm vnf; raumif;bl;/ jzKwfvkdY wyfvYdk &w,f/ 'gayrJh obm0oGm;awGvkd 0g;tm;raumif ; bl ; / 'guvnf ; oefY&iS ;f a&;aocsmrvky&f if ab;oGm;

awGudk oGm;yk;d pm;wmwkYd? oGm;zk;H a&mif a&m*gwkdY jzpfwwfw,f/ oGm;jrpfwk tpm;xkd;ukorI&JU tm;omcsufu awmh ab;oGm;awGukd vkH;0tm;rjyK bl;/ wpfacsmif;usKd;&if wpfacsmif; oGm;zkH;½kd;rSm pkdufvkdY&w,f/ aemuf wpfcsufu oGm;Ekwfvkduf&NyDqkd&if oGm;zkH;½kd;u wjznf;jznf; edrfhoGm; wwfw,f/ t&Sipf u dk ?f taopkdufwkdY uvnf ; MumvkdY&Sd&if oGm;zkH;½kd; wjznf ; jznf ; ed r f h o G m ;wwf w ,f / oG m ;jrpf w k t pm;xk d ; uk o enf ; u oGm;zkH;edrfhqif;wmukd umuG,fay; w,f/ 'ghtjyif oGm;zkH;½kd;xJ taopGJ xm;wJh oGm;jrpfwkukd tm;jyKxm;vkdY obm0oGm;vkd 0g;tm;aumif;w,f/ tJ'gawGu tm;omcsufawGygyJ/ Voice : qkd;usKd;taeeJY bmawG &SdEkdifygovJ/ Dr.MN : qk;d usK;d awGuawmh 'DomG ; jrpfwkaMumifhr[kwfbJeJY oGm;jrpfwk xnfhwJh cJGpdwfukorIaMumifh jzpfEkdif wJh tEÅ&m,fuawmh &Sdw,f/ cJGpdwf ukoNyDqkd b,fcJGpdwfukorIyJjzpfjzpf tEÅ&m,f&SdwmyJav/ oGm;zkH;cJGr,f oGm;jrpfwkxnfhr,fqkd&if oleJY ouf qkdif&m tEÅ&m,fawmh&Sdw,f/ tay: ar;½kd;rSmqkd&if avtdwfukd xdwmwkdY jzpfwwfw,f/ aoG;xGufvGefwmrsKd; jzpfwwfw,f/ aoG;aMumxdrw d mrsK;d ? tm½kHaMumxdrdwmrsKd;jzpfwwfw,f/ tJ'gawG rjzpfatmif q&m0efawG bufu owdxm;&w,f/ Voice : oG m ;jrpf w k tpm;xk d ; uko&if q&mwkdYbufu b,fvkd tajctaersKd;rSm tcuftcJawG eJY BuKHvJ/

q&mwkdYtykdif;u t"du tcuftcJBuKH wmuawmh oGm;zk;H ½kd;awG edrfhvm&if? yg;vm&if cufcJw,f/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh oGm;vmukwo hJ al wG u oGm;awG EkwfwmMumNyDqkdawmhrS a&mufvmwmrsm;w,fqkdawmh ab; oGm;awGu ,kid v f mw,f/ oGm;tpm; xkd;&r,fh ae&mu usOf;vmw,f/ aemufNyD; oGm;zkH;½kd;awGu edrfhoGm; w,f/ tJ'DvkdtajctaersKd;rSm tpm; xkd;&if cufcJrIawG&Sdw,f/ ckdifNrJrI awGuv dk nf; &mEIe;f jynft h mrcHvYrdk &bl;/ Voice : oGm;jrpfwk tpm;xk;d uko r,fq&dk if b,favmufavmuf ukeu f s Ek d i f v J / Dr.MN : ukeu f sp&dwu f awmh avm avmq,f rsm;aeao;w,f/ 'gayrJh Ekid if jH cm;rSm oGm;ukwmeJYpm&if wpf0uf avmuf 'grSr[kwf ok;H ykw H pfyaHk vmufyJ ukeEf idk w f ,f/ 'Dvdk tpm;xk;d vkYd&atmif oGm;jrpfwak wGuv dk nf; Ekid if jH cm;uae oGif;&awmh aps;BuD;w,f/ urÇmrSm vnf; 'Dtpm;xk;d enf;u oGm;eJYcw H iG ;f ukorIxrJ mS aps;tBuD;qkH;yJav/ muf vmuf Voice : tcsdefaum b,fav MumEkdifovJ/ Dr.MN : tcsdefuawmh tenf;qkH; okH;vavmufay;&r,f/ cJGpdwfuko NyD;awmh yvwfpwpf ,m,DoGm; rxnfhbJeJY wpfvcJGavmuf tenf; qk;H apmif&h w,f/ wcsKUd u wpfcgwnf; ,m,D oGm;xnfv h Yd&k wmvnf;&Sw d ,f/ wpfvcJGrSm ,m,DoGm;pkdufNyD;awmh okH;vrSm oGm;zkH;½kd;eJY oGm;jrpfwkeJY wJGqufoGm;NyDqkd&if a<uoGm;wkukd tNyD;xnfhay;vkdufw,f/ 'Dtpm; pmrsufESm 35 od k Y Dr.MN :

THE VOICE WEEKLY 34 34 VOICE

The

Vol.7 / No.27 - June 20 - 26 , 2011

TIPS

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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TIPS

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

VOICE

The

SELF- HELP

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fe i L f o s e l Ru e h T

The Rules of Life Dress like today is important

,aehudk ta&;BuD;onfU aehtjzpfrSwf,lNyD; 0wfpm;qif,ifyg Richard Templar jrESi;f qD (Mra Hninzi) bmomjyefqo dk nf

And you do this by greeting each day as if it is important. You get up and shower /wash/shave/put on make-up/ comb hair/clean teeth, etc. and basically do all those things to make you look good, feel good, smell good. And then you dress smartly, cleanly , snappily, stylishly, as if you were going to a job interview or a birthday party or on an outing. If you dress for each day expectantly, importantly, smartly, then each day will become that.

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JOKE OF THE WEEK

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O T

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O T

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VOICE

The

TIPS

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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NrdKY

THE VOICE WEEKLY 37

Vol.7 / No.27 - June 20 - 26 , 2011

FOREIGN AFFAIRS Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

VOICE

The

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VOICE

The

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

VOICE

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43 Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

VOICE

The

VOICE

The

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

THE VOICE WEEKLY 45

Vol.7 / No.27 - June 20 - 26 , 2011

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

SPORT

VOICE

The

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EMPLOYMENT

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SOCIETY

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C 51 VOICE

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54 II

VOICE

The

ENVIRONMENT

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

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CARTOON OF THE WEEK

MANDALAY

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

III 55 VOICE

The

INSTITUTIONAL

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SECURITY

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56 IV

VOICE

The

CRIME/ACCIDENT

Monday, June 20 - 26 , 2011

ACCIDENT

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CRIME

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CRIME

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