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VOICE

The Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

Weekly

Vol.7 / No.29

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VOICE

The

Vol.7 / No.29

VOICE

The

Weekly

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

Monday, July 4 - 10, 2011

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THE VOICE WEEKLY 33

Vol.7 / No.29 - July 4 - 10 , 2011

NEWS

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

POLITICS

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VOICE

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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5 Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

The

Weekly

Vol.7 / No.29

VOICE

The

Monday, July 4 - 10, 2011

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

LOCAL

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

BUSINESS

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ENVIRONMENT

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

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THE VOICE WEEKLY 16 16

Vol.7 / No.29 - July 4 - 10 , 2011

PERSPECTIVE

VOICE

The

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ta&;wBuD;vkdtyfaeaom tajccHpD;yGm;a&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm; atmifx#G f 1/ EkdifiHawmfrsm;u EkdifiHwnfaqmufa&;twGuf xrf;aqmif ay;&rnfhwm0ef 1-1/ Ekid if o H m;wkid ;f ukd tvkyv f yk af pí Ekid if o H m;wkid ;f vnf; 0ifaiGw;dk yef;wkid af &muf Ekid if aH wmfvnf; GDP wk;d yef;wkid af &muf ap&ef EkdifiHawmfuom vkyfaqmif&rnfh vkyfief;rSvJGí usefvkyf ief;tm;vkH;ukd &Sif;vif;vG,fulpGm vkyfukdifEkdifap&ef enf;trsKd; rsKd;ESifh tultnDay;&ygrnf/ vkdtyfaom ukefvkyfpGrf;tm;pkrsm; tvG,fwul&&Sda&; (,mOf? zkef;? rD;? acs;aiG? vkdifpif)rsm; pDpOfay;&rnf/ (Property Rights and Incentives) 1-2/ EkdifiHom;wkdif; jrwfpGef;rSom 0ifaiGwkd;NyD; EkdifiHawmf 0ifaiGwkd;rnfjzpfí EkdifiHom;wkdif;\ tjrwftpGef;ESifh 0ifaiGukd xdckdufaprnfh p&dwfpurSeforQ aumufoifhaumufxkdufaom tcGerf v S í GJ wwfEidk o f rQ avQmch say;&ygrnf/ (Transaction Costs) 2/ EkdifiHawmfrsm;u xm;tyfaomoabmxm; EkdifiHawmfrsm;u EkdifiHwnfaqmufa&;twGuf EkdifiHom; wkdif; tvkyfvkyfcGifhESifh jrwfpGef;cGifhrsm; pDrHay;&mwGif atmufyg oabmxm;ESpf&yf ta&;BuD;ygonf/ 2-1/ Ekid if aH wmfyidk f pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;onf jrwfpeG ;f a&; oufouftwGufr[kwfbJ jynfolvlxk\ oufomacsmifcsdrI tvkdYiSmvnf; vkyfukdif&rnf/ EkdifiHawmf0ifaiGwkd;a&;ukd tcGef taumufenf;vrf;jzifhom BudK;yrf;oifhygonf/ tpkd;&csrf;om jcif;onf pepfwusjyefvnftok;H rjyKoa&GU Ekid if EH iS hf jynfocl sr;f om<u,f0onfhtqifh ra&mufEkdifyg/ 2-2/ jynfolvlxkjrwfpGef;jcif;onf EkdifiHawmf0ifaiGwkd; jrwfpGef;jcif;omjzpfonf[k oabmxm;Ekdif&rnf/ jynfolvlxk \ tvkyfvkyfcGifhukd EkdifiHykdifpD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;wpfcku NydKifbuf tjzpf oabmrxm;oifh/ tpkd;&wm0ef&Sdolrsm;? txl;ojzifh EkdifiHykdifpD;yGm;a&;tzJGUtpnf;rsm;onf yk*¾vduu@ukd ]ig} r[kwfvQif ]&ef} jzpfonfqkdaom oabmxm; rxm;&Sdoifhyg/ jynfov l x l k 0ifaiGEiS hf tjrwftpGe;f jzpfapNyD; tcGeaf umuf,jl cif; omvQif Ekid if aH wmfrsm;\ wm0efjzpfygonf/ (rsm;rsm;jrwfpeG ;f ap NyD;aemuf tcGefrsm;rsm;aumufcH&&Sda&;) 3/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ta&;wBuD;vkdtyfaeaom tajccHpD;yGm;a&; jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm; jrefrmEkdifiHwGif ta&;wBuD;vkdtyfaeaom tajccHpD;yGm; a&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrrI sm;rSm atmufygwkYdjzpfygonf/ jrefrmEkid if w H iG f oufqkdif&mjynfaxmifpktpkd;&0efBuD;XmetoD;oD;u tqkdyg udp&ö yfrsm;ESih f ywfoufí wpfpw H k pf&mtm;xkwo f nfud k rawGU&ao;yg/ 3-1/ vlO;D a&\ 70 &mckid Ef eI ;f aom jynfov l x l \ k pD;yGm; a&;tcGifhtvrf;? tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;tvkdYiSm v,f,m u@ ykdYukefrsm;ukd jynfyokdY wifykdYa&mif;cscGifhjyKjcif;jzifh EkdifiH\ <u,f0rIukd zefwD;ay;&ef 3-2/ EkdifiHom;rsm;twGuf o,f,lykdYaqmifa&;qkdif&m p&dwpf ursm; avQmhcsay;jcif;? (aus;vufa'ook;H armfawmfqidk f u,f^armfawmf,mOfwifoGif;cGifh) 3-3/ EkdifiHom;rsm;\ qufoG,fa&;qkdif&m p&dwfpursm; avQmch say;jcif;ESihf vG,u f al csmarGUacwfraD pa&; (w,fvzD ek ;f aps;EIe;f ) 3-4/ pGrf;tifu@jyóemukd ajz&Sif;ay;EkdifrSomvQif EkdifiHpD;yGm;a&;jzpfxGef;&ef jzpfEkdifajc&Sdrnfjzpfí pGrf;tiftvkH tavmuf&&Sda&; rjzpfrae pDrHay;&ef wm0ef&Sdonf/ 3-5/ tedrq hf ;Hk vpm owfrw S cf sujf y|mef;í tajccHvw l ef; pm;rsm;ukd tumtuG,fay;&ef 3-1 3-1// vlOD;a&\ 70 &mckdifEIef;aom jynfolvlxk\ ppDD ; yG m ; ,f,m a&;tcGifhtvrf;? tvkyftukdiftcGifhtvrf;tvkdYiSm v v,f u@ ykdYukefrsm;ukd jynfyokdY wifykdYa&mif;cscGifhjyKjcif;jzifh EkdifiH\<u,f0rIukd zefwD;ay;&ef 3-1-1/ v,f,mu@onf Ekid if v H Ol ;D a&\ 70 &mckid Ef eI ;f yg0ifywfoufaeaom u@jzpfaomaMumifh v,f,mu@rS xkwu f ek w f ;dk jr§iahf &;? ykYd uek jf r§iw hf ifa&;? xku d o f ifah omaps;EIe;f &&Sd a&;? vkycf vpmrsm; jyifqifowfrw S af &; ponfrsm;onf Ekid if pH ;D yGm;a&;zHUG NzdK;wk;d wufrEI iS hf qif;&Jrw I u dk zf suaf &;twGuf ta&;BuD; ygonf/ v,f,mu@zHUG NzdK;wk;d wufa&;onf Ekid if v H Ol ;D a& oef; 50 oufoufoYdk a&mif;cs&ef xkwv f yk af eoa&GU rnfoYdk rQ 0ifaiG wk;d jcif;? zHUG NzdK;jcif;rjzpfEidk yf g/ xkYdaMumifh tpk;d &onf v,f,mu@ xGufukefrsm; jynfyokdY wifykdYcGifhukd jywfjywfom;om;qkH;jzwf& rnfhtcsdefjzpfygonf/ 3-1-2/ v,f,mu@xGuu f ek rf sm; jynfyokYd wifyYdk ciG u hf dk jywfjywfom;om;qkH;jzwfa&;qkdonfrSm yJrsKd;pkHpkdufysKd;xkwfvkyf wifyYdka&mif;csciG jhf yKxm;ouJo h Ydk qef? MuufoeG ?f i½kwo f ;D ajcmuf ponfv h ,f,mxGuu f ek w f Ydk uv dk nf; tvm;wl wpforwfwnf; cGifhjyK&efomjzpfygonf/ EkdifiHom;wkdif; (70 &mckdifEIef;aom jynfolvlxk) tvkyfvkyfcGifhjzpfonf/

3-1-3/ jynfywifyYdka&; rufv;Hk rsm;ay;vQif jynfwiG ;f zlvHk a&; uRu J ;l a&ygoabmjzpfí jynfwiG ;f zlvrHk u I dk pdwyf pl &mrvkyd g/ 3-1-4/ tpk;d &taejzifh aqmif&u G o f ifo h nfrmS v,f,m u@ xGuu f ek rf sm; jynfyokYd wifyYdk ciG jhf yKawmhrnfjzpfí txGuw f ;dk a&; BudKwifpu dk yf sKd;xm;Muap&ef wpfEpS Bf udKwifaMunmoifyh gonf/ 3-1-5/ tvGeftrif;wifykdYjcif;rjzpfap&ef twiftcsjyK vkyEf idk af om tcGepf epfwpfck xnfo h iG ;f xm;oifyh gonf/ (Oyrmqef) v,f,mu@ESiyhf wfoufol Ekid if o H m; 70 &mckid Ef eI ;f 0ifaiG wkd;apa&;rSm qif;&JrIavQmhcsa&;? vlvwfwef;pm;ay:xGufa&;? EkdifiH GDP wkd;apa&;jzpfygonf/ 3-1-6/ txl;ojzifh v,f,mu@xGufukefrsm; jynfy okdY wifykdYcGifhjyKcJhí v,f,mu@zHGUNzdK;a&;pwifcsdefwGif t&if;rJh ajr,mrJv h yk o f m;rsm;ukd tvkyo f rm;Oya'rsm;jzifh tedrq hf ;Hk vpm owfrSwfí tumtuG,fay;&ygrnf/ 3-2/ EkdifiHom;rsm;twGuf o,f,lykdYaqmifa&;qkdif&m p&dwf pursm; avQmhcsay;jcif;? (aus;vufa'ookH; armfawmfqkdif u,f^armfawmf,mOfwifoGif;cGifh) 3-2-1/ jrefrmEkdifiHwGif aps;tBuD;qkH;rSm o,f,lykdYaqmif a&;p&dwfpursm;jzpfygonf/ o,f,lykdYaqmifa&;p&dwfpursm; BuD;jrif&h jcif;rSm t&G,t f pm; trsK;d rsK;d aom ,mOfrsm; wifoiG ;f cGihf ukd trsKd;rsKd;uefYowfxm;aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ txl;ojzifh armfawmfqidk u f ,frsm; wifoiG ;f cGiu hf dk ydwyf ifxm;jcif;onf qif;&J rIavQmhcsa&;r[mAsL[mukd jyuf&,fjyKaeouJhokdY &Sdygonf/ tpk;d &taejzifh v,f,mu@xGuu f ek rf sm; jynfyokYd wifyYdk ciG jhf yK í 0ifaiGwkd;a&;ESifh qif;&JrIavQmhcsa&;ukd rjyKvkyfvkdonfhwkdif awmifolv,form;rsm;\ t"du o,f,lykdYaqmifa&;,mOfjzpf onfh armfawmfqkdifu,fwifoGif;cGifhukd cGifhjyKcJhygvQif ,aeY 11 odef;jzpfaeaom armfawmfqkdifu,faps;EIef;av;odef;jzpfoGm;NyD; awmifolv,form;rsm;xHwGif 0ifaiG ckepfodef; wkd;yGm;Ekdifyg ao;onf/(Transaction Cost) 3-2-2/ oGif;ukef xkwfukefOya'wGif þokdY armfawmf ,mOfwifoiG ;f cGiu hf dk ydwyf ifxm;NyD; vlq;Hk jzwfonfph epfjzifh ESpo f uf ovkd ygrpfxkwfay;&ef ryg&SdaMumif; Oya'odolrsm;u ajymyg onf/ Oya't& rjy|mef;xm;ygbJvsuf vkyx f ;Hk vkyef nf; owfrw S f jcif;jzpfcJhvQif vTwfawmfu od&SdoGm;onfh wpfaeYü Oya'ukd ausmv f eG v f yk af qmifonft h wGuf zsuo f rd ;f ay;&rnfjzpfayonf/ 3-2-3/ o,f,lykdYaqmifcrsm; usqif;NyD; EkdifiHom;wkdif; 0ifaiGwkd;apa&;twGuf o,f,lykdYaqmifcrsm; jrifhwufaprnfh enf;vrf;rSeforQukd tcGefrSvJGí a&SmifMuOftyfonf/ 3-2-4/ Ekid if aH wmfrsm;u xrf;aqmif&rnfw h m0efjzpfonfh p&dwyf rdk sm; avQmch say;jcif;jzpfonf/ avmifpmqDz;dk rSm cRe;f zk;d om jzpfí qifzkd;jzpfaom um;wefzkd;csay;&ygrnf/ 3-2-5/ o,f,yl Yadk qmifconf ukeaf ps;EIe;f ukd jy|mef;ygonf/ 3-2-6/ Ekid if o H m;rsm;twGuf vlrt I qift h wef;jr§iw hf ifay; jcif;jzpfonf/ 3-2-7/ 1500 CC ESifhtxuf ZdrfcHum;wifoGif;cGifhukd jrifhrm;aom DUTY aumufcHí uefYowfoifhygonf/ 3-3/ Ekid if o H m;rsm;\ qufo, G af &;udpö vG,u f al csmarGU acwfrD apa&;ESifh p&dwfpursm; avQmhcsay;jcif; (w,fvDzkef;aps;EIef;) 3-3-1/ Ekid if o H m;wkid ;f twGuf vlrt I qift h wef;jrifw h uf a&;? acwfrDa&;jzpfonf/ 3-3-2/ EkdifiHom;wkdif; tvkyfvkyfcGifhay;vkdygvQif quf oG,fa&;ud&d,mrsm;onf vkdtyfcsufjzpfonf/ 3-3-3/ EkdifiHwkd;wufrIukd w,fvDzkef;ta&twGuf? tif wmeufjrefEIef;wkdYESifh wkdif;wmonf/ 3-3-4/ w,fvDzkef;aps;EIef;udk avQmhcsay;NyD; EkdifiHom; wkdif; w,fvDzkef;&&Sdapum avvIdif;tokH;jyKcGifhukdom t"du 0ifaiGtjzpf &SmazGoifhygonf/ vmtkd? uarÇm'D;,m;EkdifiHrsm;yif vQif pDrx H m;NyD;jzpfonf/ w,fvzD ek ;f vkid ;f wpfvidk ;f ukeu f sp&dwf ukEd idk if aH wmfu ruscHEidk v f Qif vmtk?d uarÇm'D;,m;? AD,uferfwYdk \ enf;vrf;rsm;&Sdygonf/ 3-4/ pGrf;tifu@jyóemukd ajz&Sif;ay;EkdifrSomvQif EkdifiH pD;yGm;a&;jzpfxGef;&ef jzpfEkdifajc&Sdrnfjzpfí pGrf;tiftvkH tavmuf&&Sda&; rjzpfrae pDrHay;&ef wm0ef&Sdonf/ 3-4-1/ Ekid if w H pfcw k iG f vQypf pf"mwftm;tjynft h 0&&Sad &; ukd rpGr;f aqmifEidk v f Qif pD;yGm;a&;zHUG NzdK;wk;d wufr?I vlvwfwef;pm; xGufay:a&;? qif;&JrIavQmhcsa&;rjzpfEkdifyg/ xkdYaMumifh pGrf;tif 24 em&D &&Sda&;onf tpkd;&\ yxrOD;pm;ay;rl0g'jzpfoifhyg onf/ xkdokdY vQyfppf"mwftm;tjynfht0&&Sda&;twGuf tpkd;&? yk*v ¾ u d tm;vk;H wkYdu xkwv f yk Nf yD; ysr;f rQaps;EIe;f wpfcjk zifh wpfEidk if H vkH;wGif a&mif;csoifhygonf/ 3-4-2/ vQyfppf"mwftm;cEIef;xm; usqif;a&;onf

'kwd,OD;pm;ay;a&;rl0g'om jzpfoifhygonf/ 3-4-3/ vQyfppf"mwftm;tvkHtavmufrxkwfvkyfEkdif aom umvwGif wpftrd cf sif;xkwv f yk rf o I nf rD;puftvk;H rsm;pGm 0,f,&l rnfjzpfí avvGirhf jI zpfaponf/ yk*v ¾ u d u@ukd vkt d yf csufjznfhqnf;xkwfvkyfapum xkdumvwGif aps;wifí 24 em&D &&Sdatmif pDpOfay;oifhygonf/ (Economy of Scale) 3-4-4/ rDwmwpf,el pfEeI ;f ukd jr§iw hf ifoifyh gonf/ uarÇm 'D;,m;EkdifiHwGif yg0grDwm aeYcsif;&EkdifNyD; rD;rysufyg/ rDwmc wpf,lepf usyf 200 cefY usoifhygonf/ 3-5/ tedrfhqkH;vpm owfrSwfcsufjy|mef;í tajccHvlwef; pm;rsm;ukd tumtuG,fay;&ef 3-5-1/ txufygtajccHpD;yGm;a&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm; jyKvkyf&mwGif usqif;oGm;aom p&dwfpursm; (Oyrm-o,f,l ykYdaqmifc) &So d uJo h Ydk jrifw h ufvmEkid af om p&dwpf ursm; (OyrmjynfyokdYwifykdYaeaom &du©maps;EIef;) &Sdygonf/ wpfywfvnf atmif vkyfaqmifay;cJhvQif tm;vkH;0ifaiGwkd;NyD; tqifajyoGm; ygvdrfhrnf/ wpfywfrvnfrDom tpkd;&u *½kpkduf&ygrnf/ 3-5-2/ EkdifiHpD;yGm;jrifhwufí vlwkdif;0ifaiGrwkd;ao;rD ueOD;umvwGif jrifw h ufvmEkid af om p&dwpf ursm; (Oyrm-jynfyokYd wifyYdak eaom &dum© aps;EIe;f )ukd cHEidk &f nf&&dS ef tedrq hf ;Hk vpm owfrw S f csufjy|mef;í tajccHvlwef;pm;rsm; (txl;ojzifh tvkyform; rsm;) ukd BudKwifí tumtuG,fay;xm;&ef vkdtyfygonf/ 3-5-3/ v,f,mu@xGuu f ek rf sm; jynfyokYd wifyYdk ciG jhf yK cJhí v,f,mu@zHGUNzdK;a&;pwifcsdefwGif t&if;rJh ajr,mrJhvkyf om;rsm;ukd tvkyform;Oya'rsm;jzifh tedrfhqkH;vpmowfrSwfí tumtuG,fay;&ygrnf/ 3-5-4/ txl;ojzifh tvkyform;vlwef;pm;rsm;twGuf ta&;ay:aiGacs;Ekid rf nfph epfwpf&yfudk tpk;d &u Muyfrwfun l jD cif; rjyKEkdifvQif tvkyform;rsm; ta<u;oHo&murxGufEkdifbJ&Sdyg vdrrhf nf/ trSet f m;jzifh aemifwiG f tvkyo f rm;or*¾rsm; ay:ayguf zG,f&Sdae&m xkdtvkyform;or*¾rsm;ukd tvkyform;0efBuD;Xme u acs;aiGtygt0if oma&;ema&;toif;rsm;tjzpff BuD;Muyf zJUG pnf;ay;xm;oifyh gonf/ rwnfaiGudk tpk;d & u zefw;D ay;Ekid f vQif aus;Zl;wpfck jyKxm;&musNyD; aemifwiG v f nf; MoZmanmif; Ekdifygonf/ 4/ r[mAsL[m tajccHp;D yGm;a&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrrI sm; jyKvky&f mwGif usqif; oGm;aom p&dwfpursm; (Oyrm-o,f,lykdYaqmifc) &SdouJhokdY jrifw h ufvmEkid af om p&dwpf ursm; (Oyrm-jynfyokYd wifyYdkaeaom &du©maps;EIef;)&Sd&m tjyeftvSefumrdap&eftvkdYiSm tm;vkH;ukd wpfNydKifeuf wpfywfvnfatmif vkyaf qmif&ef txl;ta&;BuD;yg onf/ okYdr[kwyf gu OD;eif;yJah xmifjzpfomG ;NyD; tpk;d &uk, d f wkid af &m jynfov l x l yk g tajymif;tvJtay: ,kMH unfru I if;rJo h mG ;wwfygonf/ t"dutusqkH;rSm EkdifiHom;wkdif;ukd tvkyfvkyfapí EdkifiH om;wkid ;f vnf; 0ifaiGw;dk yef;wkid af &muf Ekid if aH wmfvnf; GDPwk;d yef;wkid af &mufap&ef Ekid if aH wmfuom vkyaf qmif&rnfh vkyif ef; rSví GJ usev f yk if ef;tm;vk;H ukd &Si;f vif;vG,u f pl mG vkyu f idk Ef idk af p&ef enf; trsKd;rsKd;ESifh tultnDay;um tjyeftvSeftm;jzifh pepfwus tcGeaf umufc&H &Sad &;jzpfNyD; tpk;d &u um;ygrpf? zkef;aps; ponfh tjcm;enf;vrf;rsm;jzifh 0ifaiG&mS jcif; (Indirect Tax) rSeo f rQonf or®wBuD;ajymonfh Transaction Cost jzpfapygvdrfhrnf/ atmif x G # f

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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Edik if aH &;zufwmrsm;rSm twGi;f ywf0ef;usit f ay: MoZmoufa&mufrI&Sdaom yg0gtaqmuftODrsm;? tiftm;pkrsm;ESiUf qufpyfaeygonf/ tqkyd g yg0gtaqmuftODEiS Uf tiftm;pkrsm;qd&k mwGif wnfqEJ idk if aH &;tDvpfrsm;? ¤if;wdhEk iS Uf qefhusib f uf tiftm;pkrsm;? bmoma&;*dP k ;f rsm;? rif;rJU0g'rD sm;? bdZeuform;rsm;? MoZmBuD;aom pD;yGm;a&;vkyif ef;&Sirf sm;? wuf<uvIy&f mS ;olrsm;? azmufjyefa&;orm;rsm;? wyfrawmf? awmfveS af &;tiftm;pkrsm;? tdr?f Nc?H ajrydik &f iS rf sm;? v,form;rsm; ? refae*smrsm;? tvkyo f rm;or*¾rsm;? rJqE´&iS rf sm; ponfwdkhtusKH;0ifonf/

PERSPECTIVE yHkpHrsm;uyif "ezefwD;a&;ESifh cGJa0jzefYjzL;rIwdkYtwGuf tajccH tkwfjrpfrsm;csay;Mujcif;jzpfonf/ þjzpfpOfwpfckvHk;udk yHkoGif; vdkufonfrSm wuúEdkvdk*sD toHk;jyKrI? pDrHcefYcGJrIqkdif&m uRrf;usif rI? tjrwftpGef;&&SdEkdifpGrf; pm;oHk;rIyHkpH? &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrI tqifhESifh ukefxkwfowådwdkYjzpfygonf/ vlYtzGJUtpnf;wpf&yfwGifjzpfap? owfrw S x f m;aom e,fajrwpfcw k iG jf zpfap Ekid if o H m;rsm;\ b0 t&nftaoG;udk owfrSwfjy|mef;ay;onfrSm qdkcJhNyD;aom pD;yGm; a&;zufwmrsm;yifjzpfygonf/ a*[pepf\rwlaom tpdwftykdif;rsm;Mum; rnfodkYrnfyHk tjyeftvSeMf oZmoufa&mufMuonfukd a*[aA'zufwmrsm;u azmfjyygonf/ tqdkyg tpdwftykdif;rsm;\ aumif;usKd; qdk;usKd; qkdif&m oufa&mufrIrsm;udkvnf; þzufwmrsm;uyif pdppfMu &ygonf/ xkrd Qru vlYywf0ef;usijf zpfap? wd&pämef odYkr[kwf tyif ywf0ef;usifjzpfap rnfonhfywf0ef;usifwGifrqkd rDSwif;aexdkif Muaom ouf&Sd oufrJhwdkY\ aumif;&maumif;aMumif;ESifhb0 t&nftaoG;udk owfrw S q f ;kH jzwfaeonfrmS vnf; tqdyk g a*[ aA'zufwmrsm;yifjzpfygonf/ tvm;wlyif vlwdkY\ pD;yGm;a&;? vlraI &;qkid &f m vkyaf qmifrrI sm;aMumifh jzpfay:vm&aom obm0 ywf0ef;usif,kd,Gif;rI tEÅ&m,frsm;udk rD;armif;xdk;jyaeonfrSm vnf; a*[aA'zufwmrsm;omjzpfygonf/ qkdcJhNyD;aom vlrIa&;? EkdifiHa&;? pD;yGm;a&;ESifh a*[aA' zufwmrsm;onfyif twdw?f ypöKyeÜ ?f tem*wfprG ;f aqmif&nfrsm;jzifh tuJjzwfcsifw h u G &f mrS xGuaf y:vmonfh owfrSwfcsufabmif rsm;jzpfygonf/ r[mAsL[mpDrcH sucf srw S o f t l aeESihf qdck yhJ g owf rSwfcsufabmifrsm;udk vGefqefí&vdrfhrnfr[kwfyg/ þabmif rsm;twGi;f rSyif yuwdt&Su d kd qkyrf u d ikd rf zd Ykd BuKd ;yrf;&rnfjzpfygonf/

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VOICE

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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VOICE

The

PERSPECTIVE

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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CARTOON OF THE WEEK

BUYING GUIDE 21

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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Vol.7 / No.29

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July 4 - 10 , 2011

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

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MM/NT

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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INSTITUTIONAL

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ORGANIZATION

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EDUCATION

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BUYING GUIDE

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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VOICE

The

NET N TECH

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

The

Vol.7 / No.29

Facebook Post

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July 4 - 10 , 2011

Search Engine

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PERSPECTIVE

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

The

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CARTOON OF THE WEEK

VOICE

The

PERSPECTIVE

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

qif;&JrGJawrIavQmUcsa&;ESifU pD;yGm;a&;rl0g' (3) Poverty Reduction and Economic Policy-3 a'gufwmatmifudkudk (pD;yGm;a&;ynm? pD;yGm;a&;ay:vpD) &JrGJawrI (Poverty) udk rnfodkYt"dyÜm,fzGifhqdkonf? rnfodkYavhvmtuJjzwfonf? rnfodkYwdkif;wmonfESifh rnfodkYaom pD;yGm;a&;udef;&Sifrsm; (Economic Variables) udk o½kyfcGJonf (Classify) ESifh pD;yGm;a&;udef;&Sifrsm;tMum;wGif &Sdavh&Sdx&Sdaom qufpyfrI (Inter-relationship) udk od&Sd&efvdktyfaMumif;tjyif qif;&JrGJawrIudkavhvmvQif EdkifiHwGif;&Sd tdrfaxmifpkrsm; (Households) tMum;wGif&Sdaom aiGaMu;pD;qif;rIyHkoP²mefESifhwuG ,if;tdrfaxmifpktoD;oD;\0ifaiGESifh oHk;pGJrIwdkY uGm[rIyHkoP²mefwdkYudk The Voice Weekly wGif azmfjyxm;NyD;jzpfonfh (1) ESifh (2) wGif xnfhoGif;a&;om;cJhNyD;jzpfonf/ xdkYtwl qif;&JrGJawrIjyóemqdk;usKd;rsm;ESifh aemufqufwGJrsm; (Consequences) udkvnf; a&;om;cJhonf/ xdkYtwl qif;&JrGJawrIjyóemudk csOf;uyf ajz&Sif;&mwGif odoifhodxdkufaomtcsufrsm;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;u@tvdkuf aygif;NcHKpOf;pm;um pD;yGm;a&;rl0g'rsm;udk rnfodkYjyifqifaqmif&Gufxm;oifhonfudk tusOf;csKyfa&;xm;cJhonf/ D nft h avsmuf pma&;olu ,if;tcsufay:wGiv f nf; qif;&JrGJawrI (Poverty) [lonf pD;yGm;a&;ynmwGif wdYk rwlno t"dyÜm,ftrsKd;rsKd;zGifhqdkavh&Sdaomfvnf; pma&;oltaejzifh o½kyfcGJavhvmygonf/ Oyrm-pma&;olavhvmvsuf&Sdaom wpfaeY 0ifaiG tar&duefEpS af ':vm (wpfva':vm 60) atmuf 'Observation of Income-Categories, Income-Generations, In&So d rl sm;udk Moderate Poverty ? wpfaeY0ifaiGtar&duefwpfa':vm come Inequality & Poverty Measurement in Myanmar' (wpfva':vm 30) atmuf&Sdolrsm;udk Extreme Poverty [k okawoetwGuf pma&;olonf Field-Surveys ESifh Direct and urÇmhukvor*¾ owfrSwfcsuftwdkif;vnf;aumif;? rdrd0ifaiG Indirect Observations, Questionaries and Qualitative Meth\ 70 &mcdkifEIef;udk tpm;taomufp&dwfwGif ukefusaevQif ods rsm;jzifh aus;vuf (Rural) ESifh NrdKUjy (Urban) aejynfolrsm;? vnf; Poverty Line atmufwGif&Sdolrsm;[lívnf;aumif; uRrf;usif (Skilled) ESifh ruRrf;usif (Unskilled) vkyfom;rsm;? t"dyÜm,fzGifhqdkcsuftwdkif; avhvmwdkif;wmonf/ ynmwwfEiS hf ynmrwwforl sm;\vkycf vpm 0ifaiG tp&So d nf Oyrm - jrefrmEdkifiHwGif ,aeYcefYrSef;ajcvlOD;a&oef; 60 wdkYudk wwftm;oa&GUpkaqmif;um o½kyfcGJjcif; (Classification) &Sdonfqdkygu ,if;vlOD;a&udk tdrfaxmifpkaygif; (Households) udk jyKvkyfonf/ xdkYaemuf ,if;wdkYudk 0ifaiGtkyfpkBuD;rsm; (Inta&twGufrnfrQcefY&Sdrnfenf;qdkonfudk tMurf;tm;jzifh od&Sd come Categories) udk tkyfpkig;pkcGJjcm;NyD; yxr0ifaiGtkyfpk (In&efvdktyfonf/ tdrfaxmifpkwpfpkwGif vlOD;a&ig;OD; (uav;? come-Category-1 Low) udk vpOfyHkrSef0ifaiG 30ç000 usyf (30 vlBuD; tygt0if) &Sdonfqdkygu ,if;udk Family Size rSm ig;OD; US$ cefU) rS 60ç000 usyf (60 US$ cefY) atmuf&Sdolrsm;jzpfNyD;? [kqEkd ikd Nf yD; wpfEikd if v H ;kH wGif ysrf;rQtdraf xmifpak ygif; 12 oef;cefY 'kwd,0ifaiGtkyfpk (Income Category-2 Medium) udk vpOf &Sdonf[k Assume vkyfonf/ tu,fí tdrfaxmifpkwpfckwGif 0ifaiGajcmufaomif;usyfrS av;odef;usyftxd&Sdolrsm;? wwd, vlOD;a& ckepfOD;cefY&Sdonf[kqdkvQif wpfEdkifiHvHk;wGif tdrfaxmif 0ifaiGtkyfpk (Income Category-3 Medium High) udkrl vpOf pkaygif;ysrf;rQ 8oef;ausmf&Sdonf[k ,lqEdkifonf/ (rSwfcsuf/ ysrf;rQ0ifaiGav;odef;usyfrS usyfodef; 40 txd (Around 400þtcsuw f Yrkd mS pm&if;tif;ynmt& cefYreS ;f wGucf suEf ikd o f nf/) 4000 USD) &Sdolrsm;? pwkw¬0ifaiGtkyfpk Income Cetegory-4 xdkYaemuf vlig;OD;&Sdaom tdrfaxmifpkwpfckwGif wpfaeY (High) udk vpOfysrf;rQ0ifaiG usyfav;oef;rS usyo f ef; 40 tedrfhqHk;0ifaiG tar&duefESpfa':vm (ESpfa':vmESifh nDrQaom (Around 4000-40ç000 USD) &So d rl sm;ESihf yOör0ifaiGtkyfpk In0ifaiG) &Sd&efvdktyfonf[k owfrSwfvQif ,if;tdrfaxmifpk come-Category-5 (Highest) udkrl vpOfysrf;rQ0ifaiG usyfoef; twGuf wpfaeYvQif tar&duefa':vm 10 a':vmESifhnDrQaom 40 (Around 40ç000 USD) ESifh txuf&Sdolrsm;[lí cGJjcm;NyD; ESihf 0ifaiG&&Syd kH (Income Generations) (qdv k o kd nfrmS tvkyt f udik f 0ifaiG&&dS efvt kd yfonf/ « þwGif tu,fí ,if;tdraf xmifpw k iG f ,if;0ifaiGtkyfpktvdkuf 0ifaiG&&SdrIyHkoP²mef (Income Genera- trsK;d tpm;ay:rlwnfum 0ifaiGjzpfwnfrI uGjJ ym;aomoabmudk ausmif;aeqJuav; odYkr[kwf toufBuD;&ifah omvlBuD;rsm;&Sv d Qif tions) ESifhwuG 0ifaiGtkyfpktvdkuf tvkyftudkifjcm;em;rI avhvmjcif;jzpfonf/) wdYk ukd aygif;NcHKum o½kycf jJG cif; (Analysis) vnf; ,if;tdrfaxmif\t"du0ifaiG&Smolu ,if;tdrfaxmifpk yHkoP²mef (Occupations) wdkYudkyg avhvm&onf/ qdkvdkonfrSm jyKvky&f onf/ þwGif avhvmo½kyfcGJolay:rlwnfNyD; &&Sdaom 0iftm;vHk;\ ukefusp&dwftwGuf ukefus&aomaMumifhjzpf 0ifaiGtkyfpkwpfckcsif;tvdkuf &SdEdkifaomvlOD;a&yrmPESifh awGU&Sdcsufrsm;vnf; rwlnDEdkifqdkonfhtcsufESifh rnfodkYao omm onf/ 0ifaiGr&Sdaomfvnf; pm;oHk;rIESifh tajccHoHk;pGJrIwdkYtwGuf tcsKd;tpm;wdkYudk cefYrSef;wGufcsufjcif;jzpfonf/ EdkifiHwpfckudk Economic Literature ESifh Methodology udktoHk;jyKonfqdkaom yHak o0ifaiGonf &SNd rJ&&dS aomaMumifjh zpfonf/» tu,fí vlO;D a& txufwGifa&;cJhovdk tdrfaxmifpkrsm;jzifh ta&twGufydkif;jcm; uGm[rItenf;ESifhtrsm;&SdEdkifonf/ xdkYtjyif tdrfaxmifpkrsmsm;; ckepfOD;&Sdaomtdrfaxmifpk (Household) wGif tedrfhqHk;wpfaeY vQif &&Sdvmaom tdrfaxmifpkta&twGuf (cefYrSef;) ESifhwuG udk t"du0ifaiGtkyfpkBuD;rsm;t& cGJjcm;&mwGif t"duta&;BuD; 0ifaiGtar&duefa':vm 14 a':vmvdktyfNyD; wpfvvQif pD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfvHk;\ ukefxkwfvkyfrIyrmP (Total Produc- onfrSm qif;&JrGJawrIvdkif; (Poverty Line) atmufwGif&SdEdkifrnfh tenf;qHk;0ifaiG tar&duefa':vm 420 &Sd&rnfjzpfonf/ tivity) ? tvkyftudkif cGJjcm;vkyfudkifrIyHkoP²mef (Division of vlOD;a&ta&twGuf (tdrfaxmifpk0ifrsm;) ESifh EdkifiH\ (EdkifiH k &f adS eaom tvkyt f udik af ps;uGuf (Job Market) ESihf tvkyf «þwGif pD;yGm;a&;ynmoabmt& tdrfaxmifpkESifh rdom;pk \ Labours) ? 0ifaiG&&SdyHk (Income Generations) ESifh 0ifaiGpD;qif; tvdu t"dymÜ ,frwlnyD g/ pD;yGm;a&;ynmonf Household ay:wGirf w l nf yHk yHo k P²mef? jynfwiG ;f xkwv f yk rf I (Domestic Production) yrmP orm;aps;uGuf (Labour Market) toD;oD;\tajctae? rufc½dk um avhvmoHk;oyfygonf/» ESifh jynfwGif;pm;oHk;rI (Domestic Consumption) yrmP? EdkifiH pD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfv;kH \taetxm;? aps;uGupf ;D yGm;a&;pepf yDjyif odkYqdkvQif jrefrmEdkifiHom;wpfOD;csif; (uav;? vlBuD; jcm;rS wifoiG ;f ukerf sm;ESihf jynfyydYk uek rf sm; paom pD;yGm;a&;ude;f rItajctae? jynfwGif; jynfy&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrItajctaeESifh tjcm; tygt0if) onf wpfvvQif tedrfhqHk;tar&duefa':vm 60 &Sifrsm;ESifhwuG pma&;ola&;om;cJhaom uGif;qif;avhvmrIrsm; aomvlrIpD;yGm;udef;&Sifrsm;udk aygif;NcHKxnfhoGif;pOf;pm;um (wpfESpfvQif tar&duefa':vm 720) &Sd&rnfjzpfonf/ wpfcsdef (Field Surveys) ESifh avhvmoHk;oyfrIrsm; (Observations) udk pma&;ol owfrSwfygonf/ xdkYaemuf rufc½dkpD;yGm;a&; tay: wnf;wGif tajccHpm;oHk;ukefypönf;rsm;\ aps;EIef;rsm;jrifhrm; aygif;NcHKum pD;yGm;a&;rl0g'rsm;udk avhvmoH;k oyfjcif;ESihf Policy wGif ajymif;vJrIrsm; (Oyrm-rl0g'tajymif;tvJrsm; tygt0if) vmygu EdkifiHom;rsm; (EdkifiHom;trsm;pk) \ pm;0wfaea&; Simulations rsm; jyKvky&f onf/ qif;&JraJG wrIjyóemudk avhvm \ ½dkufcwfrIrsm;udk Simulation vkyf&ef vG,fulaom yHkoP²mef tajctaeESifhwuG qif;&JrGJawrIrSm ydkrdkBuD;xGm;vmayrnf/ vQif rdrad vhvmvdak om Edik if \ H taxGaxGvrl pI ;D yGm;a&;tajctae udk cefYrSef;Munfhjcif;jzpfonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGif EdkifiHom;rsm;\ 0ifaiG&&SdrIyHkoP²mefESifhwuG rsm; (Overall Socio-Economic Conditions) ESifhwuG ,if;EdkifiH tvkyt f udik t f rsKd;tpm;rsm;ay:wGiv f nf; rlwnfum 0ifaiG&&Srd I wGif;&Sd pD;yGm;a&;zGJUpnf;wnfaqmufyHk (Economic Structure) a'gufwmatmifudkudk (pD;yGm;a&;ynm?pD;yGm;a&;ay:vpD)

qif;

CARTOON OF THE WEEK

Vol.7 / No.29 - July 4 - 10 , 2011

THE VOICE WEEKLY 31

INTERVIEW

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

The

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VOICE

The

INTERVIEW

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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THE VOICE WEEKLY 33

Vol.7 / No.29 - July 4 - 10 , 2011

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

The

TIPS

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VOICE

The

TIPS

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

Learning English aZ,sol 742. run out of gas

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If booming real estate prices run out

He has a habit of running out of gas

of gas, economy can be in deep

soon after the start of every job he

recession, some argued.

takes up.

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that they are not afraid of hi-tech

743. (and) the rest is history

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Learning English

Apple created iPod, then iPad, and the rest is history.

JOKE OF THE WEEK

Apple ukrP Ü u D iPod

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Google started their operation in a

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w&m;olBuD; ar;ol w&m;olBuD;

/ / 'DaeY½Hk;wuf ½Hk;xkdif&wm awmfawmfpdwfyifyef;w,f/ wpfarS;awmif ridkufvkduf&bl;/ / / bmjzpfvdkYvJ/ / / w&m;cGiu f kd odyaf wmfwahJ &SUaeawG0ifvmvdYk av/E udE , k u f Kwwfcsif[efaqmifem;axmif ae&wmaygh/ [l; .../ HE

OF T

K;E / ZdJ rfcO Hum;BuD awG bmjzpfvkdY a&mif;aumif;aewmvJ/ n

ar; ajz

/ / / aiGaygNyD; um;taMumif;em;rvnfwJhvlawGu BudKuf aewmudk;/

awmf r D a*smf v D

/ / oli,fcsif;/ rif; rdef;rudk t&rf;aMumuf&w,fqkd/ / / r[kwfygbl;uGm/ olxkwfxm;wJh Oya'pnf;rsOf;awGudk tjynfht0vkdufemwmyg/

wynfhrsm; q&m wynfhrsm; q&m

/ / / /

/ q&m/ uRefawmfwdkY EkdifiHu qif;&Jw,fqdk/ / r[kwfwmuGm/ q&mwdkY rcsrf;omao;wmyg/ / b,fawmhcsrf;omrvJq&m/ / tJ'DudpöyJaygh/ tdrfrSm rdef;reJY&efjzpfae&w,f/

pmrsufESm 33 b0ajzmifhaMumif;waphwapmif;rS tquf wJh 0efxkyf0efykd; ukd,fhay:a&mufvm &if bk e f ; bk e f ; i,f i ,f w k e f ; u aumif;rIawmfbk&m;BuD;ukd jrifNyD; awmh tJ'Da&muf&ifNyD;rSmyJqkdwJhpdwf arG;ovkd om;orD;awG&JU 0efxkyf 0efy;dk ukv d nf; rdbawGu aumif;rIawmf a&mufawmhrSmyJqkdwJh pdwfuav; arG;Ekdif&if b,favmufaumif;rvJ/ trSefuawmh om;orD;awGu vnf; 0efxkyf0efykd; ray;ygeJY/ ay;cJh

&ifvnf; rdbawGu tJ'DvkdESvkH; oGif;yg/ rdbawGuvnf; om;orD; awG u k d 0ef x k y f 0 ef y k d ; ray;ygeJ Y / wu,fvkdY BuKHcJh&ifvnf; om;orD; awGu tJ'DvkdESvkH;oGif;ygvkdY wkduf wGef;csifayr,fh vltrsKd;rsKd; pdwf taxGaxGqkdawmh udk,fBudKufovdk ESv;Hk oGi;f Muaygh/ q&meJYwynfv h nf; 'Dtwkdif;ygyJ? wynfheJYq&mvnf; 'Dtwkdif;ygyJ/

garage, and the rest is history. Google ukrP Ü MD uD;[m *dak 'gifwpfv;Hk xJrSm pwifcJh&w,f? usefwmawmh odwJhtwdkif;yJ/

avmurS m wpf O D ; eJ Y wpf O D ; qufqHwJhtcgrSm trSwfwrJh vkyf vkdufwJholaMumifh 0efxkyf0efykd;jzpf oGm;&wmukd ukd,fhpdwf rxdef;Ekdif rodrf;Ekdif uaomif;ueif; tjzpf tysuf tqk;d t&Gm;awG BuKHwmrcH&zkYd ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ trIrJhtrSwfrJh ajymMuqkdMu vkyMf uwJo h al wGuvnf; trsm;om;/ z&Jo;D xrf;ay;vku d v f Ydk z&Jo;D 0efxyk f 0efy;dk u jrif&ao;w,f/ wcsKdUpum;

Young-at-heart U Mya Gyi plays football every day on the road.

pdwu f EkysKdaewke;f jzpfwhJ OD;jrMuD;[m vrf;ay:rSm abmvk;H aeYwikd ;f uefavh &Sdw,f/ 747. a man of his word

]uwdwpfvkH;wnfwJhol}/ ]qdkcJap? jrJap}/ uwday;jyD;&if ay;xm;wJu h wd twdik ;f wnfwo hJ yl g/ ‘a woman of her word’ vdYkvnf; ok;H vdYk&ygw,f/ trsK;d orD;? trsdK;om; cGJjcm;qufqHw,f vdkY tajymcH&rSm pdk;vdkYyg/

Learning English

744. is here to stay

A man of his word, U Wa bought

'DrSm &Sdaer,f}/ enf;pepftopf? tMuHtpnfopfwpfckck[m umv tMumMuD; quf&Sdaer,f? vlawG&JU aeYpOfb0xJrSm a&mufvmr,fvdkY ajymwmyg/

the farm at an agreed price.

Whether we like it or not, Korean

word helps her business.

foods are here to stay.

What is good about his parents is

uwdwnfwJhtrsdK;orD;vdkY emrnf owif;xGuaf ewmuvnf; olYvyk if ef; udk taxmuftuljzpfapw,f/ uwdwnfw,fqkdwmu tawmfwm oGm;ygw,f/ udk,fu ay;xm;wJh uwdwnfw,fq&kd if ud, k u hf kd olrsm; u ,kHMunfvmygw,f/ tMuD;qkH; tusK;d aus;Zl;uawmh ud, k u hf , kd u f , kd f ,kHvmwmygyJ/ udk,fhudk,fudk,f ay; xm;wJh uwdawGvnf;wnfzdkY ta&; MuD;ygw,f/ 'DaeYpmzwfr,fvdkY &nf rSef;xm;&if rjzpfjzpfatmif vkyf&yg r,f/ 'DaeY tm;upm;vkyfr,f rSef; xm;&ifvnf; jzpfatmifvyk &f ygr,f/ tJvdkrvkyf&if uwdrwnf&if udk,f ajymwJhtwdkif;vkyfr,fvdkY udk,fhpdwf udk,fwdkifu r,kHawmhygbl;/ tJ'Dvdk jzpfoGm;&if bmvkyfvkyf ratmifjrif awmhygbl;/ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;topf wpfck atmifjrifatmifvkyfr,fqdkjyD; pvkyw f ,fqykd gpdYk / ud, k phf w d u f ud, k hf uwduk d r,kw H t h J usi&h f ae&if tJ'v D yk if ef; wu,fatmifjrifatmif ud, k v f yk cf sif aew,fvdkY pdwfu r,kHygbl;/ 'gqdk tJ'Dvkyfief; atmifjrifatmif pdwfu b,ftMuHÓPfxkwfygawmhrvJ/ aZ,sol

wpfcGef;ajymvkdufvkdY em;xJ0ifoGm; NyD; &oGm;wJh 0efxkyf0efykd;BuD;u tvGeaf v;vHwmawG&w d S ,f/ tJ't D csed f rSm aumif;rIawmfbk&m;ukdtm½kHjyKyg/ uk, d u f , dk w f idk v f nf; uk, d phf um; wpfcGef;aMumifh olrsm;awG 0efxkyf 0efykd;rjzpfygapeJY/ tJ'DawGUcJh BuKHcJh wmav;ukd bkef;bkef;rarhbl;/ udk,fh twGuf tvGefaus;Zl;rsm;vGef;vkdY ukd,fhtwGuf wefzkd;&SdvGef;vkdY/ tJ'v D ydk J b0ajzmifch sifwyhJ *k K¾ v d f

awG t wG u f tawG U tBuKH u awmh aumufwmauG;wmawG vmrSmyJ/ 'gayrJh udk,fhpdwf"mwfav;ukd ajzmifh oxufajzmifhatmifaeoGm;&if b0 ajzmifhajzmifhav;eJY b0ajzmifhaMumif; waphwapmif;qkw d t hJ wkid ;f ud, k b hf 0 tawGYtBuKHukd waphwapmif; ÓPf eJY MunfNh yD;awmh b0ajzmifo h nfxuf ajzmifhatmifoGm;vkdY&ygw,f/ ajzmifh ajzmifhavQmufvSrf;EkdifMuygap/ ZmvD a usmf

uRefawmfwdkYoabmusus? rusus? udk&D;,m; tpm;taomufawG[m umv&Snf quf&Sdaevdrfhr,f/

uwdwpfvkH;wnfwJhol OD;0u v,f udk oabmwlxm;wJhaps;twdkif; ay; 0,fw,f/ Her reputation as a woman of her

Learning English

745. move heaven and earth to do

]a&ukeaf &cef; MudK;pm;w,f}/ 'Dtvkyf atmifjrifzdkY aumif;uifeJY ajrMuD; udkawmif a&TUypf&r,fqdk&if a&TUypf r,fwJh/ emrnfausmf pum;wpfvkH; iSm;okH;&&if ]”"m;awmifudkausmfjyD; rD;yifv,fudkjzwfrnf}aygh/

Learning English

They bowed to move heaven and earth to accomplish what they had dreamed for all their life.

olwdkYb0wpfavQmufvkH; tdyfruf rufvmwJht&mudk atmifjrifatmif vkyfzdkY a&ukefa&cef;MudK;pm;zdkY olwdkY oEdé|mefcsxm;Muw,f/ She surprised everyone by moving heaven and earth to win his love.

olYtcspu f &kd zdYk a&ukeaf &crf; tm;xkwf wmaMumifh vlwikd ;f tHMh oukeMf uw,f/ 746.young at heart

nYMO

stuff. They are young at heart.

]pdwfu ysKdwkef;}/ toufodyfri,f awmhayr,fh vli,fawGvyk d J jzpfaeolawG/

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

TIPS

VOICE

The

tmPmykdiftzJGYtpnf;rsm;xH rrSefruefwkdifMum;vQif atmifEkdif(vufyHwef;)

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EGm;vQm pGyfpJGcsuf&Sdaomtcg tqkdygw&m; wkdifwef;csufvkdtyfrnfjzpfonf/ rlv½kH;w&m;cHrsm;u aus;&Gm vnf; csrSwfEkdifonf[k jy|mef;xm; ½kd;aus;&Gmae &.0.wtzJGU0if OD;at; ½kH;\ okdYr[kwf tqkdygw&m;½kH;\ okdYjzpfí usL;vGefonfh jypfrI Nidrf0yfydjym;rIwnfaqmufa&;tzJGU aomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ vGifu rdrdonf EGm;vQm½kd;aus;&Gmü txufw&m;½k;H \pmjzifh a&;om;wkid f onf w&m;½kH;u aqmif&Gufonfh Ouú|ukd ta&;,lay;yg&ef ¤if;tm; trIwpfckwGif c½kdiftmPmykdif 1995 ckEpS u f &.0.wOuú|wm0efxrf; wef;csuft& r[kwfvQif ta&;,l rIcif;wpfpw Hk pf&mwGif okYd r[kwf xkrd I ta&;,lyidk cf iG &hf o dS nfh c½kid Nf idr0f yfyjd ym; tzJGUokdY owif;ay;wkdifMum;pmrSm aqmifpOf ,if;aus;&Gmae ukx d eG f;ay:? aqmif&u G jf cif;rjyK&}} [k jy|mef;xm; cif;ESifh pyfvsOf;í usL;vGefonf[k rIwnfaqmufa&;tzJUG xHoYdk pGypf w GJ idk f rrSefruef wkdifMum;jcif;jzpfaMumif; ukdrif;atmif? ukd0if;jrifh? ukdnGefY onf/ pGyfpJGjcif;r[kwfygu yk*¾dKvfwpfOD; wef;cJjh cif;jzpfí rlv½k;H u w&m;cHrsm; csif;taejzifh jypfrIqkdif&mOya'yk'fr tay: jypfrIqkdif&mOya'yk'fr 211 211 t& ta&;,lay;yg&ef wkid Mf um; t& pJGcsufwifcJhjcif;onf rSm;,Gif; SELF- HELP cGifh&Sdonf/ onf[k qkdomrnfr[kwfacs/ þtrIwiG f ukx d eG ;f ay:? ukrd if; xk d Y a Mumif h jrpf o m;Nrd K Ue,f atmif? ukd0if;jrifh? ukdnGefYaqmifESifh w&m;½k;H jypfrq I idk &f mtrIBuD; trSw-f ukad tmifMunfwYdku EGm;vQm½k;d aus;&Gm 174^96 trIwJGukd jypfrIqkdif&musifh Nidrf0yfydjym;rIwnfaqmufa&;tzJGU xkH;Oya'yk'fr 561-u t&acszsuf Ouú| ukdat;vGiftay: ta&;,lay; ay;&ef avQmufxm;onfh þtaxG Dress like today is important &ef wkdifMum;cJh&m ausmufqnfc½kdif axGavQmufvmT ukd cGijhf yK&ef taMumif; ,aehudk ta&;BuD;onfU aehtjzpfrSwf,lNyD; 0wfpm;qif,ifyg Nidr0f yfyjd ym;rIwnfaqmufa&;tzJUG u r&Sdojzifh y,fvkdufaMumif; trdefYcs Richard Templar ,if;wkdifMum;csufESifh pyfvsOf;í ppf rSwfcJhygonf/ aq;cJo h nf/ xko d Ydpk pfaq;&m wkid Mf um; tcsKyftm;jzifhqkdaomf olwpf jrESi;f qD (Mra Hninzi) bmomjyefqo dk nf onfhtwkdif; ay:aygufjcif;r&Sdí OD;? wpfzJGU\ rrSefuefaom vkyf&yf But what about weekends, I hear you ask, surely we can relax then? Of course, but it doesn't mean you wkdifMum;olukdxGef;ay:yg ig;OD;wkdY rsm;ukd ¤if;\ txuft&m&Sdrsm;? should let yourself go. At weekends, you're going to see friends and/or family/ (unless you spend every tay: jypfrIqkdif&mOya'yk'fr 211 tmPmykdiftzJGUtpnf;rsm;okdY wkdif weekend totally alone) and they too derserve to see you looking good, and as if they matter. Hey, not even t& ta&;,lay;&ef ukdat;vGifu Mum;cGifh&SdygaMumif;? wkdifMum;csuf your friends want to see you slovenly, dishevelled, untidy, uncared for. But this bit is really about you. If wkdifwef;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ onf rSefuefaMumif; ppfaq;awGU&Sd you greet each day as if it is important, then it will do wonders to your self-esteem, your self-respect, your self-confidence. jypfrIqkdif&mOya'yk'fr 211 ygu wkdifMum;cH&olrSm ta&;,lcH& xkdokdYqkdvQif pae? we*FaEGaeYrsm;wGifa&m avQmhavQmhayghaygh r0wfEkdifaybl;vm;[k oifar;onfukd wGif yg&So d nfh ]]xko d Yl tay:wGif jypfrI rnfjzpfNyD; wkid Mf um;csurf mS rrSef pGypf GJ Mum;&onf/ xkdaeYrsm;wGif avQmh0wfEkdifonfrSefaomfvnf; ypfpvufcwfawmh rvkyfygESihf/ xkdaeYrsm;wGif usL;vGefonf[k rrSefpGyfpJGvQif}} wkid w f ef;jcif;jzpfygu wkid w f ef;olrsm; (oifwpfOD;wnf; aeaeusr[kwfcJhvQif) rdwfaqGrsm; okdYr[kwf aqGrsKd;rsm;jzihf qkHawGUrnf? xkdtcg oifonf qko d nfh pum;&yfrmS ta&;,lyidk cf iG &hf dS onf rrSefpGyfpJGwkdifwef;jcif;twGuf olwkdYtwGuf Munfhaysmf½Iaysmfjzpfoihfayonf/ olwkdYta&;ygouJhokdY 0wfpm;yg/ oihfrdwfaqGrsm;onfvnf; onfh tmPmykdifwpfOD;OD;tm; wpfpkH w&m;pJGqkdcH&rnfjzpfygaMumif;? xkdY wpfa,mufaomolonf jypfrIusL; aMumifh rrSefpGyfpJGwkdifwef;jcif;rsm;ukd oihu f dk zko d zD wfo?D z½kzd &J? zk;d ½k;d zm;&m;? ypfpvufcwfypHk jH zihf jrifawGUvko d nfr[kwyf g/ okYd aomf ,cktykid ;f onf vGefygonf[k rrSefruefpGyfpJGjcif;ukd rjyKvkyfoifhygaMumif; today;wif oihu f @jzpfonf/ oifonf aeYopfwidk ;f ukd ta&;BuD;onft h vm;BuKdqcdk v hJ Qif oifrrd u d , dk u f , dk w f efz;dk xm;jcif;? qkdonf/ ukdxGef;ay:yg ig;OD;wkdYu jytyfygonf/ rdro d u d m© ukd av;pm;jcif;? rdru d , dk u f , dk f ,kMH unfpw d cf sjcif;wkYd twGuf tHMh oavmufp&m tusK;d jyKrI &Sad yvdrrhf nf/ atmifEkdif(vufyHwef;) xkdpOfu EGm;vQm½kd;aus;&GmNidrf0yfyd

pnf;rsOf;vkdufem oifUb0rSm The Rules of Life

VOICE

The

LETTER

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

OPEN LETTER

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R E T T E L N E OP

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

t,f'Dwm The Voice Weekly

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R O T I D E E O TH

T R E LETT

R O T I D E E O TH

T R E LETT

THE VOICE WEEKLY 37

Vol.7 / No.29 - July 4 - 10 , 2011

FOREIGN AFFAIRS Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

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VOICE

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FOREIGN AFFAIRS

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

VOICE

The

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ICC

AFP

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VOICE

The

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

FOREIGN AFFAIRS

VOICE

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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47 Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

VOICE

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VOICE

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

MANDALAY

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

49 A

VOICE

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INSTITUTIONAL

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INFRASTRUCTURE

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AGRICULTURE

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50 B

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SOCIETY

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

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SOCIETY

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

C 51 VOICE

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Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

ENVIRONMENT

I 53 VOICE

The

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54 II

VOICE

The

EDUCATION

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

News in Brief

International Air Transport Association

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The

CRIME/ACCIDENT

Monday, July 4 - 10 , 2011

ACCIDENT

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