YI TAN_ 812975_FINAL JOURNAL by Yi TAN

AIR STUDIO SEMESTER 2, 2017

STUDIO #1 DAVID WEGEMAN

TAN YI 812975

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

A B C

CONCEPTUALISATION A1. DESIGN FUTURING A2. DESIGN COMPUTATION A3. COMPOSITION/GENERATION A4. CONCLUSION A5. LEARNING OUTCOMES A6. APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

CRITERIA DESIGN B0. FEAR B1. PROCESS B2. CASE STUDY 1.0 B3. CASE STUDY 2.0 B4. SCRIPTS B5. PROPOSAL 1.0 B6. PROPOSAL 2.0 B7. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES B8. APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

DETAILED DESIGN C1. DESIGN CONCEPT C2. 3D PROTOTYPE - SMALL INSTALLATION C3. 3D PROTOTYPE - LARGE INSTALLATION C4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES

INTRODUCTION

My name is Yi Tan. I am currently studing at The University of Melbourne where I am in my second year of the Bachelor of Environments, majoring in architecture. I was born in China and I decided to come to Australia to gain a higher education when I was 17. In that time, I was in high school and I did not have any idea about what kind of job that I could do and enjoy throughout my whole life. Later, I got a chance to travel to Europe and during this journey I was deeply impressed by the charm of architecture. I came to realize that it might be a good choice to study architecture that I would definitely enjoy. Architecture involves imagination, creation, challenges and also power.

CONCEPTUALISA A1. DESIGN FUTURING A2. DESIGN COMPUTATION A3. COMPOSITION/GENERATION A4. CONCLUSION A5. LEARNING OUTCOMES A6. APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

ATION

DESIGN FUTURE

"Every great architect is -- necessarily -- a great poet. He must be a great original interpreter of his time, his day, his age." - Frank Lloyd Wright

In the contemporary society, we are now getting into the new age in architecture development. Buildings are expected to serve more rather than just shelter. We hope that architecture can help us with the environment; we want the buildings can delight out feeling and serves the needs of the society; we want to use new technology and new repurposed material [1]…… It is necessary for an architect to have a visionary capability of seeing into the future.

1. Marc Kushner, ‘Gallery: 10 buildings showing the future of architecture’, IDEAS.TED.COM, (2015), <http://ideas.ted.com/gallery-10-buildings-showing-the-future-of-architecture/> [accessed 11 Aug 2017]

NATIONAL AQUATICS CENTRE, BEIJING, CHINA ARCHITECT: PTW Architects, CSCEC, CCEDI and Arup LOCATION: Beijing, China Built: 2004 - 2007

Water Cube is the 2008 Olympic National Swimming Centre constructed in Beijing. The core design idea is water with square similar to a cube of water molecules that represent traditional Chinese culture and mythology. In the design concept, the structure of the building is undefined clusters of foam bubbles protrude out of a square box which symbolizes the natural condition are transformed into cultural condition. The interior structural framework is the steel frame which is based on the “soap bubbles”. These “bubbles” are fixed at the joints to the spherical steel nodes which consist of stainless steel members as sides. One of the great advantages of this structural design is that it can be suited to Beijing’s seismic conditions [1]. During the design process, there are a number of challenges that the design team meet with. One of the greatest challenges is the use of ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFT) which is a new material that seldom used in architectural design. In order to optimize this material, the design team made great effort to test and make adjustments to the material to realize the best result. Finally, the material was shown to be able to reduce sound impact with high lighting and thermal efficiency and also to be environmentally friendly that prevents corrosion with about 100 years of service year [2]. The Water Cube has great effects on showing the power and beauty of welldesigned structure that can be regarded as one of the most remarkable buildings representing wide-span space structure. It changed the thinking of architects about the importance of spatial structure in architectural design Water Cube mainly hosted the swimming, diving and synchronized swimming competition or events during the Olympics in 2008. Nowadays, it is open to public and become the venue for different kinds of activities including swimming, fitness and recreation.

1. ‘Structural Systems’, Beijing National Stadium, (2017), < https://beijingbirdsnest.wordpress.com/structural-systems/ > [accessed 11 Aug 2017] 2. ‘The most striking structure of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games’, ARUP, (2017), < https://www.arup.com/en/projects/c/Chinese-National-Stadium > [accessed 11 Aug 2017] 3. ‘Architectural Influence’, Beijing National Stadium, (2017), < https://beijingbirdsnest.wordpress.com/architecture/architechural-influence/ > [accessed 11 Aug 2017]

FIG 1

FIG 2

FIG 1. https://www.dezeen.com/2008/02/06/watercube-by-chris-bosse/ FIG 2.https://www.dezeen.com/2008/02/06/watercube-by-chris-bosse/ FIG 3.https://www.dezeen.com/2008/02/06/watercube-by-chris-bosse/

FIG 3

NATIONAL STADIUM, BEIJING, CHINA ARCHITECT: Herzog & de Meuron, Arup LOCATION: Beijing, China Built: 2004 - 2007

Near the National Aquatics Centre, there is another remarkable building constructed for the Olympics in 2008. The dynamic form and its huge scale of the National Stadium has now become the new landmark of the city of Beijing. With the similar structural shape of “a bird’s nest”, the design idea of its structure is inspired by traditional Chinese style of ‘crazed pottery’. Similar with the Water Cube, the design of National Stadium also considers the seismic conditions in Beijing and optimizes the structure by using advanced earthquake analysis. The structural frame the stadium with 12 meter depth is described as “an architecture forest”. Similar with concept of tress and branches, the spatial transition from the external environment to the internal is finished by the well-organized beams, stairs, frames and other steel elements. Moreover, the roof framing of the stadium used numerous connections and grids to determine its geometry of the ideas of “Nest”. This massive and incredibly complex structural design was introduced by the Herzog & De Meuron. The development of structural calculations of this building used computer software to complete and some hand calculation to verify the final result [1]. With the outstanding architectural design and structural engineering, the National Stadium also considers the experience and feeling of a great number of visitors from all over the world. The detailed design of National Stadium around people such as optimizing spectator’s view and providing comfortable seats, can maximum the enjoyment of sporting activities [2]. The core design concept of Beijing National Stadium and its circular shape represents the “great nature” on earth. As one of the significant parts of the Olympic Green project in Beijing, this building has great influence on reflecting the coexistence of the Olympic Games and the natural environment [3]. Overall speaking, the iconic concept and construction of the National Stadium achieve the theme of nature and balance that brings great positive effects on the future urban planning of Beijing City and the typical architecture development in the world.

FIG 1

FIG 2

FIG 1. https://beijingbirdsnest.wordpress.com/architecture/architechural-influence/ FIG 2. https://beijingbirdsnest.wordpress.com/structural-systems/load-resistance/ FIG 3. https://beijingbirdsnest.wordpress.com/structural-systems/structural-design/

FIG 3

DESIGN COMPUTATION

In the contemporary society, computer has already dominated the process of architectural design. Since 1960s, Computer Aided Design (CAD) has been developed that provide a system program can help improve the process of 2-demensional drawing. In the 1990s, software programmes such as Rhino, 3DsMAX and so on create the possibility of 3D drawing and 3D modeling and develop the whole object-oriented design system. Consequently, these digital tools have the ability to bring creation, simulation and analysis of construction alternatives for various kinds of purposes. In the whole process of construction from project development to refurbishment, design data is considered as one the most important parts that produced by digital programme. Both data production and data communication are significant that represent the interdependence of Geographical Information System (GIS) tools and Computer Aided Architecture tools. Being used in the design phase, computer and software tools are capable to automate the repetitive calculation and finish the drawing works with specific data which has the positive effects on finding new solutions for design with a higher level of precision. It can optimize the design process in a faster and more effective way [1]. In the Digital Age for architects, it is a new approach to represent, to express, to generate and to build constructions by using digital information. As one of the most significant areas of the Digital Architecture, using processes and techniques identically can be employed to the industry but not simply the rediscover the complicated curving shape. Digital technology brings the possibility to create various complex shapes, finish the complex calculation with high speed through computer algorithms, which provides larger possibilities for architectural designs. It also enable a real images or a 3d model with the same information of the design to be set up that increase the relation between design and actual construction [2] (Mafana, 2011).

1. ‘Computers in building design’, Designing Buildings WIKI, (2016), < https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Computers_in_building_design > [accessed 11 Aug 2017] 2. Mafana, ‘How does technology impact architecture?’, WordPress, (2011), < https://mafana.wordpress.com/2011/10/03/how-does-technology-impact-architecture/> [accessed 11 Aug 2017]

GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM BILBAO ARCHITECT: Frank Gehry LOCATION: Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain Built: 1997

There are examples that can illustrate the benefits of technologies and computing that can bring a completely new style and new way to think and to design. The Guggenheim Museum, located by the Nervion River in Bilbao, mixes the complicated, swirling forms and captivating materiality together responding to an intricate program and the industrial urban environment. This building change the way of people and architects to think about museum that also provides great economic success with over ten million visitors to its recognition. In the design process of the museum, 3D design software CATIA allows the complex calculations to achieve the twisting curves in the design by solving mathematical intricacy. Importantly, CATIA digitizes the information of points, surfaces and relates back to the real models made by Gehry to build on-screen models [1](Pagnotta, 2013).

FIG 1

1. Brian Pagnotta, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;AD Classics: The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao / Gehry Partnersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, Archdaily (2013), < http://www.archdaily.com/422470/ad-classics-the-guggenheim-museumbilbao-frank-gehry> [accessed 11 Aug 2017] FIG 1. http://images.adsttc.com/media/images/521f/a1d2/e8e4/4eb9/4a00/0044/slideshow/Sections_2_Frank_Gehry_1991-1995__1995..jpg?1377804744

FIG 1

FIG 2

FIG 3

FIG 1.https://i0.wp.com/www.guggenheim.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/architecture-bilbao-exterior-night-2009-web-resized.jpg?w=1170 FIG 2.http://images.adsttc.com/media/images/521f/a1d2/e8e4/4eb9/4a00/0044/slideshow/Sections_2_Frank_Gehry_1991-1995__1995..jpg?1377804744 FIG 3.https://i0.wp.com/archiseek.com/wp-content/gallery/spain-biscay/guggenheim_lge.jpg

LONDON TOWN HALL ARCHITECT: Foster and Partners LOCATION: London, United Kingdom Built: 2002

Another example is the London City Hall, designed by Foster Associates in 2003. It shows not only the great linkage between parametric modelers and their scriptable mediated variability and outstanding performance simulation software. As a paradigm of collaborative design, this digital system creates an environment for communicating the interactive digital generation and performance simulation (Oxman, 2014). This advanced digital techniques of computer-modelling helps create the surface area that can achieve optimum energy performance by maximizing shading and minimizing the surface area exposed to the direct sunlight [1].

FIG 1

1. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;London City Hallâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, ArchiTravel (2015), < http://www.architravel.com/architravel/building/london-city-hall/> [accessed 11 Aug 2017] FIG 1. http://www.fosterandpartners.com/media/1701668/img4.jpg

FIG 1

FIG 2

FIG 3

FIG 1.https://i0.wp.com/www.guggenheim.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/architecture-bilbao-exterior-night-2009-web-resized.jpg?w=1170 FIG 2.https://sites.google.com/site/londoncityhall/_/rsrc/1472847339459/structure/analysis/foundation.jpg?height=321&width=400 FIG 3.https://londoncityhall.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/technology-city-hall.jpg

COMPOSITION/ GENERATION

Actually, it is obvious that the introduction of computation to architectural design opens up a new way to generate architectural form by using computers. Receiving the raw information, computers have the ability to create forms by simple analysis and calculation. It can be considered that generation of this building only happen at the early stage of the design process while most of the works are multiple evaluations as an optimization process done be computers[1]. However, in the traditional design process, there are a number of stages of form generation that should be happen within the design process such as generation of initial form/envelope, generation of secondary spaces/division to floor and sub-spaces, generation of building elements (façade, windows, doors, etc.) and generation of building details. All of these for levels that have been mentioned above can be explained into two major types: introducing or creating a new form and making changes to the topology of the existing forms. An appropriate design solution should be designed under the fusion of function and context. However, function and context do not cover all the information that is necessary for form generation. On the other hand, designer’s knowledge, experience and intuition are the perceptual and cognitive premise of generation [2]. Computer, a problem-solving machine with high intelligence, has the ability to automate the design process and providing “optimal” project suggestion. Nevertheless, the computer generated programs are impossible to transfer the creative work done by architects and functional or performance based criteria into quantitative information to create an entire “optimal” project. An architectural project involves too many criteria and too complicated problem, and some are even contradict to one another. Meanwhile, perception and emotion of designers on this design process is not able to be calculated by algorithms [3]. After all, It can be illustrated that computation has great benefits on dealing with smaller well-defined or less criteria requirements projects, for example, the envelop or initial form of a building design or interior elements generation [4]

1/2/3/4. Yasha Jacob Grobman, ‘Computer-Based Form Generation in Architectural Design – a Critical Review’, International Journal of Computing, 7 (2009),535-553.

KHAR SHATRY ENTERTAINMENT CENTRE ARCHITECT: Foster and Partners LOCATION: Astana, Kazakhstan Built: 2010

The Khan Shatyr Entertainment Centre is a new project designed for the people of Astana, Kazahstan with entertainment facilities and leisure spaces. The temperature varies greatly in Astana which can be as high as 35 degrees in hot summer and as cold as -35 degrees in cold winter. Therefore, a sheltered climate enclosure is necessary to bring a comfortable area for visitors to enjoy various kinds of activity in this civic and social centre. Together with the cable-net structure, the three-layer ETFE envelop are created to protect the internal environment from extreme weather and also optimize the daylight coming into the interior. During the design process, parametric design tools are used to generate a number of different forms of the enclosure. Algorithm programs can help calculate and simulate the structural force of the cable-net structure and according to the result to generate various design options. Develop the geometric structural feature along the cable net in parallel are possible to rationalize a group of four concentric arcs that step up in a linear aesthetics. It also simplify the site and follows the construction strategy [1].

FIG 1

1. Brady Peters, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Khan Shatyr Entertainment Centreâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, Foster + Partners, (2008), < http://www.bradypeters.com/khan-shatyr-centre.html > [accessed 11 Aug 2017] FIG 1. http://www.bradypeters.com/khan-shatyr-centre.html

FIG 1

FIG 2

FIG 3

FIG 1.https://d2v9y0dukr6mq2.cloudfront.net/video/thumbnail/CGC-az4/central-asia-kazakhstan-astana-night-view-over-khan-shatyr-entertainment-center_v1nodco__F0000.png FIG 2.http://www.bradypeters.com/khan-shatyr-centre.html FIG 3.http://www.bradypeters.com/khan-shatyr-centre.html

WEST KOWLOON MASTERPLAN ARCHITECT: Foster and Partners LOCATION: Hong Kong, China Built: 2003 - 2004 The West Kowloon Masterplan is a large project that a huge park developed from the waterside to the CBD surrounding the residential towers. The Great Canopy covered the whole park is a 1500 metre long roof protecting the environment from climate changes and modifying the temperature for visitors. In the design process of generating the roof, structure and panel system, various parametric design systems are necessary. Microsatation’s Dimension Driven Design (DDD) system is used to develop the form generation that create 2D profiles. And then array these profiles in 3D that can change to a series of smooth surface patches. These surface patches are important elements to compose the top and bottom surface profiles by a sequential array. In the next stage, digital programs generate the spaceframe and placeholder panels from the surface profile created in the previous stage. The importance of using program to design the roof structure has been emphasized. Digital systems has the positive effects on encoding the relations between different elements and populating the surfaces with a great number of examples of these architectural systems to generate the roof which is impossible to do in traditional architectural design [1].

FIG 1

1. Brady Peters, ‘The West Kowloon Masterplan, Second Stage Competition’, Foster + Partners, (2004), < http://www.bradypeters.com/the-great-canopy.html > [accessed 11 Aug 2017] FIG 1.http://www.bradypeters.com/the-great-canopy.html

FIG 1

FIG 2

FIG 3

FIG 1.http://www.bradypeters.com/the-great-canopy.html FIG 2.http://www.bradypeters.com/the-great-canopy.html FIG 3.http://www.bradypeters.com/the-great-canopy.html

CONCLUSION

During the study of Part A, I gradually understand the importance of digital techniques to modern architecture. It is not only a useful technology that can help architects to solve problem by using algorithm techniques, but also open up a complete different way for architect to think, to design and to realize their ideas into reality. Computation with great power of calculation and analysis can deal with problems with numerous calculated amounts which is impossible for traditional architecture with hand calculation. As a kind of useful tool, it improves the speed and also the quality of design thinking development. Moreover, the development of various software programs has great benefits to increase the drawing quality and create 3-dimensional models to modify the ideas. It is obvious that the development of computing technology will have great effects on the future designing. About my intended design approach, I am now thinking about to pay more focus on the composition and generation part in parametric design. In my previous pages which has discussed the advantages and disadvantages of digital technology on design generation. In general, it can used to generate forms for envelop or faรงade of the building but not the whole detail design. Therefore, I am interested in how can the algorithms techniques approach in the design process and in what extend it can have a better performance to help designer to generate various types of forms. However, at this stage, I still need to improve my proficiency in Grasshopper which still need more practice. I will try my best to studying this software that can help me achieve my design thinking.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

In the first three weeks study of air studio, I start to understand the development of parametric design. Although I used to use various computer programs such as AutoCAD, Rhinos and so on to help me do the design projects, I never think about the meaning of parametric design: what does it mean to traditional architecture; how it will development in the future and what does it bring to the development of architecture. During the study week by week, I read researched based articles, I make discussion with classmate and do various exercise using Grasshopper, I learn a lot on the parametric and algorithm knowledge. And I get the chance to experience this new architecture design thinking in depth. I think all of these knowledge can absolute improve my previous design projects. For example, in the final design of my earth studio, I designed a gallery with the form of 3D maze by the riverside. It use glass and steel as the main material to construct that can provide a better communication of exterior and interior environment. Actually, I realized that as a gallery, using too much of glass that sunlight can directly get through and flash on the artwork may bring negative effects on the preservation of these artwork. Moreover, it will also be very hot in summer and cold in winter which will cause great use of HVAC system. I think parametric designs can help me analyses the surrounding environment and the weather condition to help me modify a better direction to reduce the energy cost and also help providing choices of what kind of material is much more suitable for this building rather than double glazing/curtain wall.

APPENDIX ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

In this exercise, our task is to use loft component to design a “vase”. When I first do this exercise, I make a number of normal vase is different height and width. And then in the next step I try to make some changes: changing the direction of the curves, rotate the plane and even change the order. Under these processes, I make various “vase” that with crazy shapes but still share the same characteristic. In this exercise, I first try to break the original stereotype of the shape of a vase and what should a vase look like to do some crazy changes. Moreover, during the process I can feel how the shapes are change and why they change in this form which makes me have more understanding of this form.

CRITERIA DESIG B0. FEAR B1. PROCESS B2. CASE STUDY 1.0 B3. CASE STUDY 2.0 B4. SCRIPTS B5. PROPOSAL 1.0 B6. PROPOSAL 2.0 B7. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES B8. APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

FEAR

TRAPPED Millions of people know the feeling of hopelessly trying to wiggle out of a vise. We can feel trapped by our jobs, relationships, and financial circumstances. We can feel trapped in an elevator or an airplane, or in our house, neighborhood, or the state where we live. Some people even feel trapped in their mind or their body. While we like to think we want to feel free, we might not quite know how to live without our old familiar sense of isolation, restriction, and boring routine. Hence, instead of confidently navigating our way into better situations, we remain stuck in the old pain of feeling trapped. Right from the start, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re also quite capable of trapping ourselves in a difficult situation for the unconscious purpose of living our life through that familiar, painful experience. In this diagram, I use three images together to explain BEING TRAPPED inside your mind can bring great negative emotion to yourself and even affects the daily lives. BEING TRAPPED psychologically is like a wall built in mind that separate your inner thinking, feeling from the real reality. It will become difficult to look into yourself, and gradually you will lost yourself. On the other hand, excessive emotion from outside world such as expectation or satire may bring stress and anxiety to your mind which is a kind of chains that bound yourself. This is what I am in fear of.

PROCESS

EARTHQUAKE Looking deep into my fear topic - trapped, I try to pick out one detailed example that is linked to this theme. EARTHQUAKE is what first pop up to my mind. When earthquake happened, people might be trapped in ruins physically. After experiencing this horrible disaster, mental disease such as PTSD has negative for people's mental health which can result in psychological trapped situation. Analyzing earthquake in detail, gives me more ideas about this process. There are few steps that can be developed: 1. ENERGY ESCAPE The inner part of the earth contains massive energy. Some of this energy escapes through cracks and other volcanic activity, but the bulk of it is stored within the earthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s inner part, contained in the crust. 2. SEISMIC WAVE There is an earthquake happened at this point. In the form of seismic waves (like water ripples) the escaping energy radiates outward from the fault in all directions. The seismic waves shake the earth as they move through it. When the waves reach the earthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s surface, they shake the ground and anything on it, tearing down houses and structures. 3. COLLAPSE The vibration of the ground might cause building collapse in an earthquake. The tall building and even short buildings which do not have good foundation with ground cannot sustain the vibration and fail. Soil naturally has its own strength and stiffness (resistance to be deformed). But when soil becomes saturated with water then it loses its strength and stiffness. The binding force between soils particles vanish because of water present in the pores. This makes soil to behave like fluid. The soil loses its rigidity and flows like fluid. So the buildings or any structure that is standing on this soil collapses. In the diagram, I pick out few significant elements from my process and combine them together to create an image that contained negative emotion. Massive lines with red and yellow colour represent the volcanic energy from the underground. Wavy lines above refer to the seismic wave and the movement brought to the ground level. In the middle, a scene of earthquake happening directly shows the condition of the city in ruins. And finally, the large pattern in the middle spread throughout the whole page represents collapse and debris that reflects on the destruction of environment.

CASE STUDY 1.0

FIG 1 https://i.pinimg.com/originals/b6/ac/a7/b6aca7afac8582e53b23e1dc0adce47a.jpg

CASE STUDY 1.0 BANQ RESTAURANT Architects: Office dA

Location: Boston, MA, United States

The design of the interior space of Banq Restaurant has been renovated in a very inch birch plywood adhered together in a scenario to decorate the wall and ceilin formulate the continuous member. The areas which functioned as a dining space affect already at play throughout the space. Conspiring the whole environment inc It embedded the diners into the grain of the restaurant. Office dA design team cr problems which is a perfect example to show how an inspired design can create a s

13. Mihai, 'Amazing Restaurant Interior Design : Banq Restaurant in Boston, Freshome, (2009), <http://freshome.com/2009/11/30/amazing-restaurant-interior-design-banq restaurant-in-boston/> [accessed 15 Sep 2017]

y interesting way: using wave element made from unique pieces of three-quarterng which likes to a puzzle; for each unite, there is only one possible location to e are fabricated with warm woods and laminated bamboo amplifying the striping cluding the striations of the ground, ceiling and furnishings to create a total effect. reated a beautiful space out of an abandoned building bypassing any structural silk purse out of a sows ear [13].

FIG 2

FIG 3 FIG 1

FIG 1.http://cdn.designrulz.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/BNQ_CP_designrulz-7.jpg FIG 2.http://forgemind.net/images/o/Office_dA-BANQ_Restaurant_Drawing_03.jpg FIG 3.https://shalinisookar.files.wordpress.com/2009/09/banq-1.jpg

CASE STUDY 1.1

ITERATIONS

SPECIES 1

NUMBER OF PERPENDICULAR FRAMES N=5

N = 10

SPECIES 3

A GRID OF (UV) POINTS ON A DIVIDE SURFACE

U=3 V=3

U=3 V=4

SPECIES 6

AMPLIFICATION OF MOVEMENT A=2.5 B=1.27

A=5 B=1.27

SPECIES 8

CHANGE THE LINE CONNECTING FORM AB: (28,0,0) X (48,0,0)

AC: (28,0,0) X (4

48,14.4,0)

N = 20

N = 40

U=3 V=5

U=3 V=6

A=7.5 B=1.27

A=10 B=1.27

AD: (28,0,0) X (28,14.4,0)

BD: (48,0,0) X (28,14.4,0)

CASE STUDY 1.1 SPECIES 5

CHANGE ROTATE ANGLE (LINE)

SPECIES 6

CHANGE ROTATE CENTRAL LINE

SPECIES 7

CHANGE ROTATE ANGLE (PLANE)

SPECIES 8

CHANGE PLANE FORM

ITERATIONS

CASE STUDY 1.2

SUCCESSFUL OUTCOMES

ORDER

One of the main reasons why I choo this model is that it gives me a feel that I can find order within a mass composition. During the process I rot the central lines, it is hard to find balance between the rotation angle a the spacial structure. Especially, wh the rotation angle is about 30 degr the whole model inclines to the grou and these pieces interact to each ot with disordered strcuture. This mo presents the composition with nice or and the transition from near place to away is natural and smooth.

SPATIAL STRUCTURE

The typical characteristic of this mo is that it is built up with a nice spat structure. This model is developed fr a plane with angle about 45 degree the horizontal plane. Therefore, i divided into two parts naturally: up part and lower part. It is obvious tha reflects the relation between these t parts and creates a nice structure t can show the spatial relation of ea component.

ose ling sive tate the and hen ree, und ther odel rder o far

odel ical rom e to t is pper at it two that ach

VISUAL ATTRACTION In this species' experiments, I try to change the central rotate line from a simple straight line to a curve. Firstly I thought that it might be similar with previous species. However, it is surpurised that it is completely different. It brings some creative shapes and forms. Meanwhile, lots of these iterations are massive and disordered. Finally, I choose this one is becau that it shows three different conditions in one model which attracts me a lots: parallel pieces, intersecting pieces and connecting but not intersecting pieces.

CONNECTION This model is the one I prefer the most. It combines two components - curved su rfa ce and secti ons i n a harmony condition. One of the key point of this model is that these pieces are not directly connected to the curved surface. There are gaps in between which create a void that leaves for imagination. Meanwhile, instead of using plane, curved surface shares the same topic with this wavy shape which makes all the elements mix together perfectly.

CASE STUDY 2.0

FIG 1 https://i.pinimg.com/originals/2a/50/84/2a5084753a16714d8806f3efb44e7ef0.jpg

CASE STUDY 2.0 DE YOUNG MUSEUM Architects: Herzog & de Meuron

Location: San Francisco, Californ

The M.H. de Young Memorial Museum was designed by Herzog & de Meuron choice for the exterior of the museum. Herzog & de Meuron intentionally chos oxidation and therefore fade into its natural surroundings [14]. This dramatic by light filtering through a tree canopy, creating an artistic abstraction on the setting. The building's copper skin, chosen for its changeable quality through ox surrounding natural environment [15].

14. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Architecture and Groundsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, (2017), < https://deyoung.famsf.org/about/architecture-and-grounds> [accessed 15 Sep 2017] 15. Adelyn Perez, 'M.H. de Young Museum', ArchDaily, (2010), <http://www.archdaily.com/66619/m-h-de-young-museum-herzog-de-meuron> [accessed 15 Sep 2017]

nia, United States

n in 2005. One of the most interesting design features of this building is the se a copper faรงade they believed that it would slowly become green due to copper facade is perforated and textured to replicate the impression made exterior of the museum that resonates with the de Young's tree-filled park xidation, will assume a rich patina over time that will blend gracefully with the

FIG 2

FIG 1

FIG 1.https://moreaedesign.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/122.jpg FIG 2.https://c1.staticflickr.com/4/3682/10990194243_21fe2e6387_b.jpg FIG 3.https://landscapeisdonovan2.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/img_8301.jpg

FIG 3

CASE STUDY 2.1

Surface Creation

REVERSE ENGINEERING

Grid Creation

Create

Isotrim the surface

Evaluate Surface

Creat

Modify the uv coordinate

Boun

Create encom

Remap num

e Circle (base)

te Circle (top)

nds & Remap

a numeric domain mpassing a list of numbers numbers into new meric domain

Graft Tree

Move the Top Circle

Loft

In order to reverse-engineer this project, I try to pick out key elements of concave-convex. Although I have tried my best to recreate this project, be reengineer it perfectly. Obviously, there are so many differences from the o of convex elements and concave elements should be much bigger and they pointed out the core characteristics of this faรงade by using the simplest for of circle, distance between top and bottom circle which also make some inte

f these copper faรงade: perforation for light filtering; circular shapes; and ecause I am not really good at using grasshopper, there are lots to do to original project, such as the surface should be much smoother; the number y should be organized more intensive, etc. On the other hand, I think I have rm. I also try to make some iterations of this model by modifying the radius eresting results.

SCRIPTS

SPECIES 1

ENERGY ESCAPES

Earthquakes usually caused by massive energy escapes from the inner part of the earth through cracks and other volcanic activity. It might result in collapse of other material forms. I use squares and red "x" mark to represent material decomposed by energy and changed its form. Developing from this idea, I try various kinds of transformation to find how the solid can be decomposed into small pieces and after rearrangement what will it looks like.

FAMILY 2 DENSITY (VERTICALLY)

1.2.2

1.2.1

1.2.3

1.2.4

1.2.5

FAMILY 4 PARTICAL MAGNITUDE

1.4.1

1.4.2

1.4.3

1.4.4

1.4.5

FAMILY 5 ENERGY SPOT MOVEMENT

1.5.1

1.5.2

1.5.3

1.5.4

1.5.5

FAMILY 1 ENERGY POWER

1.1.1

1.1.2

1.1.3

1.1.4

1.1.5

FAMILY 3 DENSITY (HORIZONTALLY)

1.3.1

1.4.6

1.4.7

1.5.6

1.3.3

1.3.2

1.4.8

1.5.7

1.3.4

1.4.9

1.5.8

1.3.5

1.4.10

1.5.9

1.5.10

SPECIES 2

SEISMIC WAVE

This can be considered as the step 2 of earthquakes happening. It shows the combination of two different types of waves: vertical and horizontal. In this experimentation, I try to change the definition of "WAVE" which is invisible and intangible to visible and tangible forms. Moreover, after adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the wavy shape, splitting the form of this definition into various pieces also reflects to the core idea of earthquake (which is "DESTROY)

FAMILY 2 SPLITING QUANTITY (DENSITY)

2.2.1

2.2.2

2.2.3

2.2.4

2.2.5

FAMILY 4 FREQUENCY ADJUSTMENT FOR WAVE (VER 2)

2.4.1

2.4.2

2.4.3

2.4.4

2.4.5

FAMILY 5 AMPLITUDE ADJUSTMENT FOR WAVE (VER 2)

2.5.1

2.5.2

2.5.3

2.5.4

2.5.5

FAMILY 1 FREQUENCY ADJUSTMENT FOR WAVE

2.1.1

2.1.2

2.1.3

2.1.4

2.1.5

2.3.2

2.3.3

2.3.4

2.3.5

FAMILY 3 SPLITING QUANTITY

2.3.1

2.4.6

2.5.6

2.4.7

2.5.7

2.4.8

2.5.8

2.4.9

2.5.9

2.4.10

2.5.10

SPECIES 3

COLLAPSE & REFORMATION

In this part, I pick out the characteristics of material collapse after earthquake and try to reform them in another ways. As the diagram showed in B1 reflects on the ideas of process. Ground and earth are destroyed and split by energy escapes and seismic waves. I assume that it might be decomposed into geometric forms which can be used as key element for reformation. Meanwhile, materials might also be warped and twisted by great shock power. Combing all these elements and ideas together might have interesting result.

FAMILY 2 GEOMETRIC SHAPES

3.3.1

3.3.3

3.3.2

3.3.4

3.3.5

FAMILY 4 WARP & TWIST TRANSFORMATION

3.4.1

3.4.2

3.4.3

3.4.4

3.4.5

FAMILY 5 DENSITY (INTERIOR)

3.5.1

3.5.2

3.5.3

3.5.4

3.5.5

FAMILY 1 HEIGHT (THICKNESS)

3.1.1

3.1.2

3.1.3

3.1.4

3.1.5

FAMILY 3 GEOMETRIC FORMS (VER 2)

3.3.1

3.3.2

3.4.6

3.3.4

3.3.3

3.4.7

3.4.8

3.3.5

3.4.9

3.3.6

3.4.10

FAMILY 6 DENSITY (EXTERIOR)

3.6.1

3.6.2

3.6.3

3.6.4

3.6.5

SPECIES 4

WARP & TWIST

This step can be considered as the development of step 3. I pick out one specific pr and forms gives me more ideas about considering its movement and the power it ha can be regarded as a sample to think about how the building would warp and twist wh

FAMILY 1 TWISTED TRANSFORMATION

4.1.1

4.1.2

4.1.3

4.2.1

4.2.2

4.2.3

4.3.1

4.3.2

4.3.3

4.4.1

4.4.2

4.4.3

4.5.2

4.5.3

FAMILY 2 TWISTED TRANSFORMATION (VER 2)

FAMILY 3 DENSITY

FAMILY 4 THICKNESS

FAMILY 5 WARP TRANSFORMATION

4.5.1

roject - steel bars as the major objects for study. Changing its basic characteristics as experienced. Moreover, as a fundamental building material, its form of changes hen earthquakes happened.

4.1.4

4.1.5

4.1.6

4.1.7

4.2.4

4.2.5

4.2.6

4.2.7

4.3.4

4.3.5

4.3.6

4.3.7

4.4.4

4.4.5

4.4.6

4.4.7

4.5.4

4.5.5

4.5.6

4.5.7

PROPOSAL 1.0

PROPOSAL 1.0 Picking out 3.4.1 and 3.5.2. Using the key ideas and elements to create a new form and develop this simple experiment.

3.5.2.1

3.5.2.6

3.5.2.11

3.5.2.2

3.5.2.7

3.5.2.3

3.5.2.8

3.5.2.12

3.5.2.4

3.5.2.9

3.5.2.13

3.5.2.14

3.5.2.5

3.5.2.10

3.5.2.15

In th exp in v that NET whi prov 3.5.2.16

3.5.2.17

3.5.2.18

3.5.2.19

3.5.2.20

his proposal, I mainly focus on the combination of geometric pattern and twisted structure. As the periments showed on the right, I majorly adjust in 4 different aspects: pattern form, structure (twisted various ways), edges of polygon, density of pattern (numbers of pattern). One of the main reason t I finally choose this form as proposal 1is because of HUNCH - Trapped gives me an impression of T and earthquakes gives me SUPPORT in ruins. Connecting patterns together with gap in between ch is similar with the characteristics of net; the structure of large opening on top and bottom vides the imagination of a shield supporting something heavy to protect the context underneath.

PROPOSAL 2.0

PROPOSAL 2.0 Developing from 1.5.7. Using key idea of DECOMPOSITION and REESTABLISHMENT to create new form with functions.

3.5.2.1

3.5.2.2

3.5.2.1

3.5.2.2

3.5.2.11

3.5.2.12

3.5.2.16

3.5.2.17

3.5.2.3

3.5.2.13

3.5.2.18

3.5.2.4

3.5.2.14

3.5.2.19

3.5.2.5

3.5.2.15

3.5.2.20

For the second proposal, the key idea is to use small particle to show the decomposition of the material affected the vibrative power. In these experiments, I try to adjust the size and number of particles that influenced the density. Meanwhile, I use the changing of amplitude and position of "energy point" to find the most suitable way to represent the idea. In the final experiment, the "energy point" is set in the middle of the object that showed that material is collapsed from the centre of itself when experiencing great shock energy. The structure of this design with the wavy shape reflected to the key step in the process of earthquake - SEISMIC WAVE. This project can be functioned as pavilion for visitors.

PROPOSAL 2.1 Developing from proposal 2.0. It is necessary to focus more on the function of this project but not only its form. It is now designed as a meditation space

LEARNING OBJECTIVES and OUTCOMES

During these weeksâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; study, we tried to investigate how to develop the key idea into detailed analysis and then work on algorithm and finally become architectural design. Actually, I have never think about computation can affect so much in the design process before taking this subject. At the very beginning, when David asked us to write down our personal FEAR and then transformed it into detailed process, I completely have no answer about that. Starting from a detailed example and then analysis it to find how does it happen or develop, I try to catch up with the class, but I still have no confidence about what I am doing. In the next stage, we are asked to use algorithm to present our process. Because of being unfamiliar with grasshopper, actually I am really despaired in these days. I have ideas in my mind, but I cannot use grasshopper to present it. After spending time practice, I am able to use grasshopper to experiment and make iterations by using simple definition. During these days, I can feel that I have learned much knowledge about computation and parametric modelling. The way of thinking and designing is also influenced by algorithm. Personally speaking, parametric modelling represents mystery and possibility. I usually do not know what will be changed or what will happen each time when I change the figures (due to my bad techniques). Sometimes, it gives me a form that I have never thought about. That is a completely new way for design and architecture to achieve the stage that hand drawing cannot be reached. On the other hand, I realized another problem. During the process of parametric modelling, I pay most of the attention on the form of one design which is not a right way to think. Architecture is not a simple artwork that we need to consider not its appearance or form but also its function and how can it be used in the real reality. That is the key point that I missing during these days. In the next stage, I will pay more attention on it and also keep practicing my grasshopper techniques. I am now looking forward to new challenges.

APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

DETAILED DESI C1. DESIGN CONCEPT C2. 3D PROTOTYPE - SMALL INSTALLATION C3. 3D PROTOTYPE - LARGE INSTALLATION C4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOMES

IGN

DESIGN CONCEPT

CONCEPT DEVELOPM WORKFLOW

CONSIDER "FEAR" AND PROCESS IN DEEP REFLECTING BACK TO INTERIM FEEDBACK In order to develop the previous idea on the right track , looking back in deep is a good idea to gain improvements.

On of the main problem of my design is missing strong connection with the topic. ANALYSIS is necessary!

SITE ANALYSIS Do some research on the site in the begining of the design process has positive influences on creating suitable design decision.

MENT

START MAKING ITERATIONS creating design definition and try various posibilities by adjusting the algoritm.

DECIDE A FUNCTION FOR THE PROJECT TO CURE THE FEAR Function is one of the key point for a design as an arhitectural project. Build a construction for a specific function but not to set a function for a completed design.

CHOOSE THE FAVOURITE ONE AND DEVELOP IT The one which is considered to be the best and the most suitable iteration. Making detailed development.

TO FINALISE THE DESIGN Decide some realistic condition for this project: specific location for installation; material; scale; ornament; etc.

CONCEPT DEVELOPM FEEDBACK

Reflecting upon the feedback from my interim presentation, there are two major problems 1. Having great difficulties in making physical model (by using 3D PRINTING) 2. Lacking consideration in the function of the design projects

In order to solve these problems, I had a discussion with David. During the discussion, â&#x20AC;&#x153;functionâ&#x20AC;? for this design. Finally, I understood that I was wrong in the beginning: It is impo that, in the core idea for architecture, you should decide the function for this project first a

MENT

I started to consider what the key idea of this design is and why I cannot find a specific ossible to â&#x20AC;&#x153;decide a functionâ&#x20AC;? for a project which has already been designed. It is obvious and then design the project in the right way.

CONCEPT DEVELOPM SITE ANALYSIS

MENT

CONCEPT DEVELOPME SITE ANALYSIS

ENT

Site A, a large plain playground with a small pavilion nearby along the riveris, is a suitable space for large installation. Walking or cycling along Merri Creek people may be aware of the indigenous plantings, constructed wetlands and the animal life of the creek corridor. Here is a space far away from noise and crowd, to talk with natural and themselves and get out of the constraint and restriction.

Site B is located by the riversides surrounded by vegetation. It creates a quite space with high level of privacy. Decided to build a hot spring project at this space is mostly affect by the environment. Enjoying the hot spring and the view of riverside which I think is a good idea to relax and calm down.

CONCEPT DEVELOPM IDEA & FUNCTION BRAINSTORM

Instead of being trapped physically in the real reality, I want to concentrate on being lost mind. In order to resolve this fear, to have a deep understanding of its origin is necessary. A fear and define the main function for this project.

MENT

psychologically. This project mainly focuses on healing the fear of being trapped in your After analysing all the possible reasons, it will be able to find the detail methods to heal the

DESIGN DEVELOPMEN DEFINITION SCRIPT

SURFACE CREATION

GRID CREATION ISOTRIM+DOMAIN

EVALUATE THE ARRANG

EVALUATE SURFAC

INTERPOLATE LINES TO CONNECT BOXES

CHANGE T

PARTITION LIST+INTERPOLATE

TRIM THE SURFACE BY BOXES TRIM SOLID

CREATE SOLID PLANE EXTRUDE

NT BOX

MULTIPLE SURFACE LAYERS

IDENTIFY VECTOR POINTS ON SURFACES AREA

MOVE+SERIES

GEMENT OF POINTS

CREATE BOX ON EACH POINT

CE+MD SLIDER

THE LINES INTO PIPES

PIPE

BOTTOM PLANE

CREATE A SURFACE AMONG THE LAYER

SELECT ALL ITEMS ON A SPECIFIC LAYER

AREA+SURFACE FROM POINTS

PARTITION LIST+LIST ITEM

DESIGN DEVELOPMEN ITERATIONS

1.1

1.3.1

1.2

This iteration is developed from 1.3: mainta spatial communication with the exterior by adding one more layer and hollow the middl

1.3

1.4

1.3.1

aining the foundamental form and increasing the y adding some columns with different direction; le area to increase in vertical spatial experience.

1.3.1

DESIGN DEVELOPMEN ITERATIONS

1.3.2

Combining the characteristics from 1.2 and 1.3.1, this iteration owns the form that I prefer the most. At this stage, it can only be used as a pavilion or a meditation space which is not the suitable function that suitable for my topic. Therefore, this iteration still needs to be developed.

3D PROTOTYPE SMALL INSTALLATION

PERSPECTIVE VIEW

PROPOSAL 1.0

TOP VIEW

Being over-pressured is one of the main reason resulting in being trapped mentally. People always gain pressure from the environment and themselves. When they cannot release the pressure in a proper way, over-pressured issue might cause great negative energy to your mind that even affects daily lives. Therefore, the small project which is this hot springs near the garden provides a quite space to relax and release mental pressure.

SIDE VIEW

PROPOSAL 1.0

There are a number curving columns in various height decreasing from centre to all around. It is constructed by 3 levels: Layer 1 is high and closed (tallest height) Layer 2 with the height which is still too high to reach is thin and can get through from the gap in between Layer 3 is low and easy to pass These are the metaphor of a cage that might trap people. Although the cage looks massive and firm, actually it is collapsing. If you are trapped, breathe, relax and calm down, looking at the problem you meet with again, you will find that it is not insoluble. And then you might be able to break the cage and get out of the trap.

PROPOSAL 1.0

Developing from the proposal showed in Part B, the major problem is to change the form in order to be printable. It experienced great difficulties because of this "hanging in the air" structure. In order to support the top square box and the curing column, 3D printing machine automatically create great amount supporting materials which is hard to clean.

In order to solve this problem, I have made great efforts in changing the forms and adjusting radius of those columns. Meanwhile, the layer 1 (which is closed on top of the base) was printed separately. This part was printed up side down (square box at the bottom) which can make the machine more easier to print and produced less supporting material. Finally, clean up all the supporting material on the model and fix the layer 1 structure in the middle.

PROPOSAL 1.0

3D PROTOTYPE LARGE INSTALLATION

PERSPECTIVE VIEW

PROPOSAL 2.0

TOP VIEW

Lacking of self-understanding causes challenges the task which is out of your personal capability which always comes with failure and self-denial. In this stage, some of people might choose to escape from the reality. In this project, a glasshouse garden has been designed to create a wonderland for calming down and communicate to yourself.

SIDE VIEW

PROPOSAL 2.0

This garden has a similar form of net: it is not referred to a cage but a greenhouse for people to grow to maturity and gain the courage to face difficulties. It reflects the dialectic method that each coin has two sides â&#x20AC;&#x201C; it can trap you, but also can protect you. Under the dome, there is internal garden with the shape of flower. Look at the structure in detail, you can find that it consists of a number of small platform with different height from low to high like a spiral staircase. The idea of it refers the process of rebuilding your personality. Sometimes people might take unnecessary pains to study an insignificant problem. It looks like being into a dead end, but also reaching the peak which can provide a completely different way to consider (think outside the box).

PROPOSAL 2.0

Actually, in the process of printing proposal 2.0, it also experienced the similar problems with proposal 1.0. Because of the dome structure and the angle with the horizontal plane, it produced too many supporting material in the middle and the lower part of the model was failed to be printed (angle is too steep). It not only created great amount of useless material but also waste too much time.

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, I tried the similar way of adjust proposal 1.0 to help improve proposal 2.0. Firstly, rescale the thickness of the mesh and change the shape of the dome to make it gently. And then, the key step, reverse the dome and print it in this direction (up side down). Moreover, to reduce the negative influences that provided by the failure of dome printing, print the inside structure seperately. Finally, install the two successful parts together.

PROPOSAL 2.0

PROPOSAL 2.1 LARGE INSTALLATION DEVELOPMENT

TOP VIEW

Developing from PROPOSAL 2.0, this project is also functioned as an indoor garden. Differ from the previous installation, it consist of a number of rooms with different size and similar forms. This garden is divided into 8 parts where each part has its own theme using various kinds of vegetation to reflect the theme.

SIDE VIEW

PROPOSAL 2.1 LARGE INSTALLATION DEVELOPMENT

The core idea for this project is that it is designed as a small maze that these 8 rooms are not simply connected to each other. It is a challenge for visitors to find the right way to walk through all the rooms in the garden and finally reach the exit. There is one more tricky point that there is only one external door for the garden which means that the entering point and the existing point is the same one. This reflects the idea that when you get lost or be in trapped in some situation, look back to the starting point and sometimes you may find the answer there. The key point for this small maze garden is not to trap visitor but to lead them an interesting way to visit and enjoy the garden. If you always straight to the goal, you will miss lots of interesting things and sometimes being lost is not always a bad thing that you may have encounter unexpectedly.

PERSPECTIVE VIEW

LEARNING OBJECTIVES and OUTCOMES

As the final part of the course, the last few weeks mainly focus on the final design project. In my understanding, I believed that the core idea of this part is to make the dramatic thoughts to become the reality. This was the first time for me to use 3D printing this new technology. Previously, I thought that it can print out the model which I make no matter what its form is. Although it can create lots of physical model that we cannot make by hand, it still has restriction in its production that we should consider. Therefore, this was one of the biggest problems that I had met with: how to handle the balance between fitting the requirement of 3D printing and maintaining my design thinking. After experiencing few failure test printing, I had learnt some techniques for printing out small size model with hanging above structure: 1. Printing whole solid objects is easier than several objects connected together (especially squares with columns supported underneath) 2. To print the structure mentioned above, it would be better to print it upside down which means the large part should be placed under the smaller part. 3. Similarly, to print hanging structure (such as dome), it is better to print it reversely to reduce the production of supporting material which save money and time. 4. Some thin and curving parts should be printed separately unless it might be broken in the middle (especially the turning point). 5. Some 3D printing machines cannot handle curving structure perfectly, it would be better to adjust the angle with horizontal plane to make it smoother that will be much easier to print. In addition to 3D printing techniques, there is one more point that affects my design thinking in great extent: the closed loop of FEAR, PROCESS and DESIGN. During the whole semester, we have been trying to refine our project in this loop. Choose the FEAR – PROCESS of fear – DESIGN THINKING from the process – ITERATIONS from design thinking – DEVELOPMENT of iterations – Develop a PROJECT from the iteration – Use the project to resolve the FEAR. Everything starts from the FEAR and finally come back to resolve the fear. It is a completely new way for me the build up a thinking system for a large topic to a typical design which tightly connected with to core idea throughout the whole design process. After finishing the final design and look back to what we have done during the whole semester, I suddenly realized that I have done an exploration between self knowledge and digital architecture. Understanding that algorithm and parametric are great tools to not only experiment the physical form of ideas but also open up a new way for consideration and pushing up further.

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