Architecture final design report

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PROJECT ARC60108 FINAL DESIGN REPORT

JOHOR BAHRU CITY LOBBY - social commentary Lot 23008, Jalan Trus, Bandar Johor Bahru, 80000 Johor Bahru, Johor YONG ZHI KANG 0327791 TUTOR: AR. ARI METHI

1.1 abstract 1.2 introduction 1.3 project information

CONTENT

1.0 Project Background

01 - 03

2.0 Site Information

04 - 14

3.0 Design Strategies

15 - 23

4.0 Environmental & Technological Strategies

24 - 26

5.0 Final Scheme

27 - 46

2.1 site introduction 2.2 historical background 2.3 site issues 2.4 urban studies 2.5 macro site analysis 2.6 micro site analysis

3.1 design intentions 3.2 precedent studies 3.3 design developments 3.4 site response 3.5 spatial programming

4.1 climatic response 4.2 sustainability design features 4.3 materials and resources 4.4 structural concepts

5.1 site plan 5.2 floor plans 5.3 elevations 5.4 sections 5.5 sectional perspectives 5.6 visualizations

01

Abstract Progressing from the urban issues of urban street environment, the design studio extends students development of architectural position and strategies in improving conditions of the urban landscape/ urban fabric focused on strengthening and empowering people’s appreciation of own culture and the place. Located in an urban area, students are to further develop the assigned site, into a place of interaction and connection of people, place, time and culture. This semester’s site is in Johor Bahru, one of Malaysia’s progressive cities next to Kuala Lumpur. As an initial challenge, Johor Bahru through studies and researches by local and foreign researches has been lacking in its sociocultural aspect. Lack of a place wherein it encourage the public to engage. The city’s public destination caters to more specific crowd and mostly people to product or people to services engagement, such as theme parks and lifestyle center (shopping malls). The timeliness and relevance of designing A ‘City Lobby’ - Socio-Cultural Hub/ Social Hub is more meaningful as it exposes the students to grapple real life issues and conditions.

02

Introduction The design project site is located at the intersection node of Jalan Trus, Jalan Segget, Jalan Dhoby and Jalan Tan Hiok Nee. Johor Bahru city centre is like a touristic destination, where people come and go but no one stay in majority to dwell. From a locals point of view, In order to promote a better quality of living in a city, the site itself must be livable, in terms of the socioculture aspects, economy and tech-advancement etc. The events are all the way spreaded from the site which caused pedestrian safety, noise pollution, street hygiene issues, uncontrolled Bazaar ground, heritage shophouses businesses being affected as well.

On the other side of the coin, the beauty and significance of the pedestrianised streets liveliness, the dualistic experience on the site, the alley beautification projects, the cultural urban fabrics etc. are something we would appreciate on the site, especially from a touristic spectrum.

Years ago, our design project site, Bazaar Karat, JB popular flea market (established in 2009), which receives rough total of 6000 visitors on daily basis (based on news articles). Economy market growth of Iskandar - causeway development further attract developers to mark this strategic node (our site) to transform into a luxurious residence project, where Causeway Regency was officially launched (in 2015) at the forefront of JBCC and Singapore, on our site. Ended up termination of this luxurious project highly due to Iskandar property massive blooms. Looked in depth, our project site has no significant spinal urban connection with the surroundings, the park is unsafe and does not fit into a major JBCC public space and illegal car cloning is also rampant in the city. However, the sense of ownership still remain in a temporal way, the people still celebrating their existence around the sites.

Our site was perceived as the main shortcut to reach the Mosque India which situated along Jalan Duke. Activities like buskings, Chinese community Saturday night, bazaar activities enliven the site. Now, the main objective of this project is clearly defined, an architecture display to celebrate the connections of the urban community.

The questions arose, how to celebrate the connections?

Are we going to create a new icon to showcase the culture and social aspects of our site, OR are we able to tie the connections together, and let the cultures of the community synthesized harmoniously in Johor Bahru?

OR even, the city lobby itself can be part of the culture of the urban community?

03

8M

² m

6

38 .4 82

41.

59

8m

²

2 11. 0

5 m²

2052m²

M

45

.3

6

57

m

M

²

41.598m²

6M

LAND AREA = SETBACK = BUILDABLE AREA AT GROUND FLOOR = BASEMENT SETBACK = PLOT RATIO FORMULA FOR MAXIMUM CAR PARK = = MAXIMUM CAR PARK NEEDED = MAXIMUM MOTORCYCLE PARKING = = MAXIMUM HANDICAP PARKING = *The above information is obtained from MBJB*

3335m² 8m FRONT(JLN SEGGET) + 6m BOTH SIDES & BACK 2052m² NONE 1:6 NET BUILDABLE AREA - 30%SITE UTILITIES 100 3335 x 6 - 30% 100 140 10% 14 14

04

SITE INTRODUCTION Construction of High Rise Building Construction of High Rise Building Reclamation Of Land -

-

-

Tokio Marine Life Wisma Ansar Public Bank The Puteri Pacific

OCBC Bank Foh Chong Building Wisma Peladang Maybank CDD Centre JB Pertubuhan Peladang Negeri Johor

R&F Property

SITE

Our site, it is surrounded high rise buildings. Pressured by the enclosure and shadows of the monolithic structures. Combination of these both resulted in the dense urban development. Co-Relationship of Johor Bahru with Singapore conceived a sense of dependence which contributes in eroding the sense of identity. The route to defining their future are distracted by image of Singapore.

05

HISTORICAL TIMELINE

FOUNDING 1855 - 1885

Johor bahru, was founded in 1855 when the Sultanate of Johor came under the influence of Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim, and become the capital of Sultanate.

Bukit Timbalan then becomes the new administrative center of Tanjung Puteri, moving from the old, Telok Blangah. Our site is founded along Jalan Trus, where people socialize and trades. It is connected to a waterfront, which provides convenience in loading of goods, and transportation of people.

EARLY EXPANSION & CONNECTIVITY 1900 - 1920

As the commercial plantation business expands, so does the transportation needed. Thus, roads and bridges were built across sungai segget. While the Old Segget Market also become a trading location for farmers and fisherman.

In 1909, the Malay Peninsula Railway extension is completed, which help pushed the development of the site.

INDUSTRIAL AGE 1920 - 1940

In 1923, the Johor - Singapore Causeway is finally completed, linking both places. This helped bloom the population of Johor to 737,000.

The Indian community then started building their homes around Jalan Trus, and started setting up religious institution around the area.

WORLD WAR II

MODERNIZATION

THE NEW MILLENIUM

The development of the site is halted when Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita invaded the town on 31 january 1942, and during the invasion, the causeway is destroyed as an attempt to delay the Japanese from invading Singapore. It is then repaired by the Japanese to continue their assault.

Urban design began to be considered in the town planning, changing the proportion of the buildings. This lead to town forming base on focuses of building.

Rapid modernization of facilities and infrastructure lead Johor Bahru into a transforming state with IRDA. The city building also starts changing from amalgamation of small blocks into bigger blocks.

1940 - 1957

As the war ended on 1946, the town become more vibrant as proper structural planning is introduced and more shophouses being to emerge. The old market is then then transferred to Jalan Wong Ah Fook.

1958 - 2000

The Segget River is also built upon for road constructions as the town expand.

2001 - NOW

Johor then starts its journey of becoming high end city as a response to its neighbour Singapore expanding in a rapid development. Johor is now fighting to be a relevant port city once again, as it is now an intermediate for the current port city, Singapore.

06

SITE ISSUES

MBBJ is trying to create several loops Our site has a deeper loop causing out district is harder to penetrate

MBJB is trying to create several loops which caused our site has a deeper loop, indirectly affecting the economical and social patterns of the community towards the site.

We shall make more intervals around the deep loop, to make the site like an infrastructure, assisting the users to move and wayfinding purpose. Perhaps, a social infrastructure kind of building can be built for the people.

07

User groups around the site are mainly, the tourists for leisures, locals for domestic and institutional purposes, and teenagers for hangout areas.There are still groups of community which are the beggars who lives around the public areas, high-rise building labour workers for worship purpose, and busking activities.

08

NOON ACTIVITIES

09

NIGHT ACTIVITIES

10

The lack of definition between the pavement and the road blurs the line between pedestrians and vehicular traffic, connecting them.

Trees and umbrella stands provides shading for the pedestrians.

Eateries extend their seatings to the pavements, creating life along the street.

JALAN TAN HIOK NEE Towards Pedestrianisation

11

Parkings are removed from the street, widening the pavement and moving towards pedestrianization.

JALAN DHOBY

Gearing Towards the Future

12

SAFE ZONE

make the place a complete loop Site A Building design to portray the best version of our own identity.

Hookah District 2.0 Create a loop and forms a new district with the contexts.

Pasar Karat gateway The common end to meet bazaar focal from the alleyways network behind.

Bazaar focal Local activities, involved in social and economy aspects lead to people attracts people.

13

POCKET PLAZA Enclosure

Finance Institutional building (banks) surrounded the street open spaces.

JLN SEGGET

Pedestrians tend to walk in fast pace to avoid irritating bird dropping.

Active busking create visual connection with hectic traffic users.

JLN SEGGET

The beginning strip of the street is exposed and without seatings.

JLN WONG AH FOOK

14

VEHICULAR JUNCTION Axial

Hookah District 2.0 offer interesting vantage point onto site.

Dislocated space that communicate with context above eye level .

JLN TRUS

“The Tiger Roars” mural art became cultural fabric of the coarse grain building.

JLN SEGGET

Social commentaries, the community patches

15

16

Why the community, we need a city lobby?

form and structure interplay ( include dynamism feeling into our city lobby as part of the community social patches)

17

SPACE & SOCIAL IMPACT

Multiple Entryways

Duplicated Layerings

Design That Makes A Difference The building itself spans and extends across the two districts, breaking the edge and becomes a bridge across the difference in topography. The multiple entryways dissolve the pedestrians to the building with ease while the duplicated layerings of made use of the space in the most efficient ways. Combining both, different entrances provides different experiences of frontal approach, indirectly framed a different impression at the entrances.

18

PRECEDENT STUDIES

Orientated Views

Transparency

Robustness of Space Extension of outdoor activities with strong connection to the building.

The intact transitional space enhances approach of pedestrian to the building.

Robustness of Space

Incorporating Ideas

Orientated Views

Transparency

Manipulation of different levels of viewing decks at specific direction to allow sight to desired views even during circulation.

Usage of visual permeability and transparency to inform the significance of inter-relationship of inner and outer space.

SITE RESPONSE

19

20

21

PUBLIC TOILET

THE DYNAMISM OF INTERSTITIAL LINKAGES ON SITE

22

SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE PLANE TO PEDESTRIANS

NECESSITIES

PASAR KARAT

BAZAAR FOCAL

LABOURS WORSHIP

LOCAL USE

STUDENTS

OVERSHADOWED FRINGE

Relationships between the spaces programming and the contexts which responsive to the social commentaries

23

24

Clerestory window south

north

Multipurpose hall

Library spaces

roof canopy Secondary seatings

rainscreen

rainscreen

Perforated metal screen

The city lobby incorporated nature, light, rain and wind to improve building performance efficiency through passive design strategies, like the passive cooling features, daylighting optimizations and aesthetic rain protection.

25

26

1a.

1b.

1c.

1d.

27 Alleyway placemaking Overshadowed 5ft walkway Cultural urban fabric Future pedestrianised path

1c

1d

6 3

5 7 4

1

1a

2 9

11

12

8

10

1b

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Dropoff // pickup Entrance statement area Elders gathering area Social lobby Event plaza Platform piazza Cultural foyer Open plaza Foodhub Life between building ground Introspective courtyard Edge effect (people plaza)

28

3

2 4 5

1 8

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2.

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Entrance canopy Social platform Washroom canopy Floating bridge Book shelves Study area Library infodesk Decking (Jalan Trus)

29

5 3

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4

1 2

7

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Dispensary Reception Treatment room Clinic 24/7 Lift lobby Multipurpose pre-event area Green decking Multipurpose hall Community meeting space

30

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4 7 8 5

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9 10

1

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Theatre lobby Viewing deck Pre-event area Lift lobby Theatre hall Green decking Temporary accom. (artist) Shower room Lift lobby Service area Entrance canopy

31

1 2

3

1.

2.

3.

Bazaar storage Service Lift lobby

32

Sectional Perspective Along alley axis scale nts

33

Left Elevation pedestrians along Jalan Tan Hiok Nee (existing pedestrianised road)

34

Right Elevation pedestrians along Jalan Dhoby (proposed pedestrianised road)

35

Front Elevation pedestrians along Jalan Trus

36

37

Floating bridge (entrance canopy)

38

Food hub

39

Introspective Courtyard

40

Edge effect (overshadowed fringe)

41

Theatre pre-event space

42

Multipurpose event hall

Alley view

Generous void

43

44

Social commentaries - jbcc city lobby