AC_LAIN3_COMPLETO by Abraço Cultural

Contents1 Unit 1: Families around the world............................................................................................... 1 Grammar point: Present simple and present continuous ........................................................ 4 Vocabulary: Describing people ............................................................................................. 5 Unit 2: The time of our lives ....................................................................................................... 7 Vocabulary: Leisure activities ................................................................................................. 10 Grammar point: Adverbs of frequency .............................................................................. 12 Unit 3: Hit the road! .................................................................................................................. 14 Vocabulary: Travelling ............................................................................................................ 16 Grammar point: Future forms ........................................................................................... 18 Unit 4: Welcome home! ........................................................................................................... 22 Vocabulary: Rooms of a house ............................................................................................... 23 Grammar point: Some, Any, A lot of, Lots of ...................................................................... 25 Vocabulary: furniture and home objects ............................................................................ 27 Unit 5: Good old days! .............................................................................................................. 31 Grammar point: Past simple and past continuous ............................................................. 33 Irregular verb list ................................................................................................................ 37 Unit 6: To eat or not to eat: that’s the question. ..................................................................... 38 Vocabulary: describing food ............................................................................................... 39 Grammar point: Comparative and superlative adjectives .................................................. 40 References ................................................................................................................................ 43

Material elaborado por Débora Sales Almeida de Oliveira, coordenação pedagógica do Abraço Cultural SP.

UNIT 1: FAMILIES AROUND THE WORLD 1. Look at the pictures below. What kind of relationship these people have?

1. Credit: Ramasethu2001/Wikimedia Commons

Credit: Jamie Tubers/Wikimedia Commons

3. Credit: Spelio/Photopin

2. Families around the world are very diverse. What kind of differences do you think there are between these

families? Think about the topics in the box and discuss them with a partner.

3. Now it’s time to share your opinions with the class! Use the inputs below to say what you and your partner

discussed.

I think the family in picture 1 is from…… / They are from….. They have a big/small family. They have one/four children. The family members are: mother/father…. 4. Look at the pictures again and complete the following sentences. a) b) c) d) e) f)

There ________ 5 family members in picture 1. ________ are they from? They ____ from India. How ________ family members are there in picture 2? In picture 2 they ______ a small family. _______ is their country of origin? Nigeria. The people in picture 3 ________ Muslims.

5. You are going to interview a classmate to find out what is his/her family like! Follow the instructions! a) Stand up, go around the class and choose a colleague to discover what is her/his family like. Use the following questions to help you. Then, write in the blue circle the similarities and the differences between your families.

Instructions: In the space where the two circles meet, write the similarities. In the spaces where the circles do not meet, write the differences. How many people are there in your family? Do you have any brothers or sisters? How old is you mother/father? What’s your mother/father/brother/sister’s name? What does your mother/father/sister do? Where does your family live? Who do you live with? What language(s) does your family speak? Where are your family ancestors from? Is there any special meal your family likes to eat?

Adapted from: Teaching Tolerance.

b) Now, take turns with your classmates and ask the questions from the previous exercise to your teacher! Write

down his/her answers in the following space. Is there any difference between his/her family and yours?

Credit: Freepik

LISTENING 6.

Listen to a woman describing the picture of a family. Tick the words you hear: busy happy well organised friendly

7. Read the extract below and underline all the sentences that are used to describe the father and the mother. The father, who is wearing a white shirt and black glasses, looks like he is working from home today; he appears to be very busy as he is looking down at his notepad and has a pen in his hand. He is not smiling so maybe he just wants to get on with his work. The mother, wearing a blue blouse, is talking to someone on the phone. She could also be working from home, and is having her lunch while she works as she has a plate in front of her. On the other hand, she could just be chatting to a friend. Although everyone looks busy in the picture, they seem very well organised. Maybe they are working hard now so they can enjoy some free time together very soon. Source: Audio and excerpt of transcript from the British Council ESOL website.

GRAMMAR POINT Present simple and Present Continuous Take a look at the verbs from the previous exercise. Analyse the following sentences and complete the rule. *He appears to be very busy. *They seem very well organized. *They can enjoy some free time. *He is working from home today. *He is not smiling. *They are working hard now. The sentences in blue are in the present

simple or

The sentences in purple talk about things that

continuous.

are true in the present or

are happening now.

8. In your notebook, write some sentences about things you are doing now and things you do everyday. 4

VOCABULARY 9. Match the pictures on the right with the words from the box.

Nervous ( ) Talkative ( ) Curious ( ) Lazy ( ) Shy ( ) Happy ( ) Hardworking ( ) Creative ( )

10. Which adjectives best describe you? Talk to a partner about it.

E.g: I am a talkative person. I like to talk to different people everywhere I go.

11. Complete the sentences with an adjective that best represent each person. a) b) c) d) e) f) g)

Samir likes to know about different cultures. He is very ______________________. Joanne doesn’t like to speak in public. She is ______________________. Sarah is always smiling. She is a ____________ person. Khalil doesn’t like working. He is very ___________________. Claire has a lot of good ideas. She has a ____________________ mind. Jamila likes to talk with her friends everyday. She is a _____________ person. Johnny gets _____________ when someone doesn’t listen to him.

FINAL TASK You are talking to a friend who lives in Egypt and she wants to know about your family. Use the telephone in the image below to describe some members of your family. Give as many details as you can, using all the vocabulary you learned in this unit.

Credit: sapann-design /qeaql-studio/freepik_adapted

UNIT 2: THE TIME OF OUR LIVES 1. What is the importance of time in your life?

Credit: Pixabay

2. Do you think everyone feels or thinks about time in the same way? Tick the boxes that are true for you when you think about the way you deal with time. Share your choices with a partner. I like to be on time for meetings. I am upset if someone is late. I often arrive late for meetings. I prefer enjoying things than thinking about time. I like to plan what I am going to do in my free time. I don’t like to plan my weekends. I don’t know how to deal with unexpected situations. I like unexpected things. I don’t like deadlines. I am organised and my agenda too. I have a plan for the next 5 years. I don’t have any idea of what I will be doing in the next years.

3. Proverbs are very common in popular culture and they can reveal each country approach to time. Take a look at the following sayings. Can you see they bring different ideas related to time?

“USE TIME WISELY”

“THE HUMAN BEING HAS RESPONSIBILITY BUT NO POWER OVER TIME”

4. Together with the whole class decide which sentences from exercise 2 belong to the group Use time wisely and which ones to the group No power over time. Your teacher will write two columns on the board and you need to tell him/her where to put each sentence.

5. Different cultures have different perceptions of time. Read the text and do the following exercise.

Text extracted and adapted from Big World Media, Cultural Differences in the Workplace: perceptions of time. Available on: https://www.bigworldmedia.com/blogs/news/18184499-cultural-differences-in-the-workplace-perceptions-of-time

6. According to the text, choose if the sentences below are true (T) or false (F). a) b) c) d) e) f)

Western and Eastern cultures see time in a different way. ( ) People do things in the same speed. ( ) Arabs think Western people are slaves to the clock. ( ) Meetings in Brazil and Germany start and finish in a very diverse manner. ( ) In Germany, the train announcements are very late. ( ) Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important to analyse the difference between cultures and their perception of time. ( )

7. What is your daily routine like? Use the timetable below to write the type of activities you do every day.

Credit: Freepik

8. In pairs, talk about your weekly schedule and check if you have anything in common. E.g: On Monday, I go to the gym in the morning. On Tuesday, I have Spanish classes.

LISTENING 9.

Listen to a woman talking about her routine and answer the questions.1 

How many days does she go to work?



What time does she get up?



Which day does she love?



What does she do on Monday mornings?



When does she do her weekly shopping?

10. How do you balance your time? Do you think it is easy or something difficult? Do you prefer a flexible or a strict routine? Why? Share your opinion with a partner.

Source: Esol Nexus British Council

VOCABULARY 11. Match the following leisure activities with the corresponding images.

Dancing Cooking

Play videogame

Painting

Watch TV series

Swimming

Reading

Photograph

Gardening

Ride a bicycle

Travelling

Go to parties

Credit: All images from Pixabay

GRAMMAR POINT Adverbs of Frequency2 We use adverbs of frequency – like sometimes or usually – to say how often we do things, or how often things happen. We use them in a specific order, according to their meaning. Take a look: 100% always

usually/normally

often

sometimes

occasionally

hardly ever

0% never

They always hang out together.

The Northern Lights are usually green.

You normally see them best in September or March.

It’s often cloud.

What do you notice about the position of the adverbs?  

They are usually _____________ (before /after) the main verb or between the auxiliary and the main verb. They come _____________ (before /after) the verb to be.

We can use some adverbs of frequency at the beginning or end of a sentence for emphasis. Occasionally I meet her for a coffee. We can use usually, often, sometimes and occasionally at the beginning of a sentence, and

sometimes and often at the end. Be careful with never. It is already negative, so we can’t use it with not. I never go to the supermarket with my mother. If you want to be more specific about the frequency, you can use once, twice, three times etc. Take the medicine three times a day.

We usually go swimming twice a month.

12. Complete the sentences. Use the adverb of frequency and the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Pay attention to the position of the adverbs.3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 2 3

Our teacher, Mrs Massoud __________________ (never / be) late for lessons. I _________________ (often / clean) my bedroom at the weekend. My brother _____________________ (hardly ever / help) me with my homework. I __________________ (sometimes / be) bored in the Portuguese lessons. We ________________ (rarely / watch) football on TV. You and Ali __________________ (never / play) computer games with me. You _________________ (usually / be) at the sports centre on Sunday. The school bus ____________________ (always / arrive) at half past eight.

Source: British Council Website_Learn English Teens Source: Adapted from Oxford University Press Website.

13. Write a number 1-3 to put these sentences in order of frequency (least frequent = 1 and most frequent = 3).4 1. ……. He usually goes bowling on Saturdays. ……. He occasionally goes bowling. ……. He never goes bowling. 2. ……. I only see him once a month. ……. We see each other every weekend. ……. We hardly ever see each other. 3. ……. Occasionally we watch TV together. ……. We like watching TV together every evening. ……. We watch TV together on Thursdays.

FINAL TASK What kind of activities do you do in your free time? Write some sentences about your hobbies using the leisure activities vocabulary. You need to use at least 3 adverbs of frequency in your text. E.g: I play videogame on Saturday afternoon and I often go swimming on Sundays.

Source: British Council Website_Learn English Teens

UNIT 3: HIT THE ROAD! 1. Look at the picture. Why the boy and the girl are happy? They are going to a party. They are meeting a friend. They are travelling on holidays.

2. Do you like travelling? If so, how often do you travel? Talk to a classmate about it. Use the questions from the box to help you find out what type of traveller he/she is.

Do you like travelling? Do you prefer summer or winter vacations? Do you prefer travelling alone or in a group? Why? How much luggage do you usually carry? Where do you want to travel to before you die? Which is better, package tour or a tour you organize and book yourself?

3. You will read some information about different destinations. Match the descriptions with the corresponding pictures. Which place would you like to visit? a) Petra (Jordan): Petra, the fabled "rose red city, half as old as time", is a well known ancient Nabataean city in the south of Jordan. Due to its breathtaking grandeur and fabulous ruins, Petra was recognized as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985. Petra was the impressive capital of the Nabataean kingdom from around the 6th century BC. An important center for trade and commerce, Petra continued to flourish until a catastrophic earthquake destroyed buildings and the vital water management systems around AD 663. After Saladin's conquest of the Middle East in 1189, Petra was abandoned and the memory of it was lost to the West. The ruins remained hidden to most of the world until the Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, disguised as an Arab scholar, infiltrated the Bedouin-occupied city in 1812. The first major excavations of the site were in 1929 after the forming of Trans-Jordan. Since that time, Petra has become by far Jordan's largest tourist attraction. The site was included in the Steven Spielberg movie, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade in 1989 and was chosen in July 2007 as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. 14

b) Zimbabwe (Africa): Zimbabwe is a country in Southern Africa. It is landlocked and is surrounded by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the Southwest, Zambia to the Northwest, and Mozambique to the east and north. The Zambezi river forms the natural boundary with Zambia and when in full flood (February-April) the massive Victoria Falls on the river forms the world's largest curtain of falling water. The Victoria Falls are a major tourist attraction. It’s Zimbabwe's most popular tourist destination and one of the greatest natural wonders of the world. Zimbabwe is a fantastic place for tourism. Only 20 years ago, it was the richest country in Africa. Currently with the economy struggling, it is a good place to visit as resorts and hotels are much cheaper than normal and it is very beautiful. Highlights are the ruins of Great Zimbabwe, the beautiful Lake Kariba and also the two biggest cities of Zimbabwe are worth a visit: Harare and Bulawayo. The country’s largest wildlife sanctuary is Hwange National Park, situated on the western border with Botswana. Hwange is home to one of Africa's largest elephant populations and myriad other species. c) Udaipur (India): Udaipur is the capital of the district of Mewar in Rajasthan, India. The city is famous for its lakes, palaces, forts, temples, gardens, and romantic backdrops. It was the setting of many movies, including the 13th James Bond film, Octopussy. People in Udaipur usually prefer wearing bright coloured clothes. Colourful festivals and fairs depict its cultural prosperity. Udaipur is known for its spicy snacks such as mirchi bada and kachori. The city celebrates all the fairs and festivals with equal fervor. The important fairs and festivals that are closely associated with Udaipur are Mewar Festival and the Shilpgram Fair. If you want to catch the vigor of these desert people, catch them during their famous fairs and festivals.

( )

( ) Source: texts extracted and edited from Wikitravel. Available on: http://wikitravel.org/ . Image credit: Pictures from Petra and Zimbabwe by Pixabay and picture from Udaipur by Cauê Diniz.

4. Think about a place you enjoyed visiting and write a description about it in your notebook. You can use the adjectives in bold from the previous exercise and you should add as many details as you can about the city or country. Then, share your text with your classmates.

Credit: Pixabay

VOCABULARY 5. Complete the gaps of each picture with corresponding words from the box below. boarding gate

airplane

airport

flight ticket

Credit: Freepik and Pixabay.

LISTENING 6. Listen to the five airport announcements and do the following exercises.1 a) [Do this exercise before you listen.] What are the steps when you travel by plane? Write a number (1-6) to put these sentences in order. ………… Wait at the boarding gate. ………… Go to the checking-in desk. ………… Board the plane. ………… Go through immigration. ………… The plane takes off. ………… Arrive at the airport.

b) [Do this exercise while you listen.] Complete the gaps with a word from the box. New York

Athens

Amsterdam

Rome

Tokyo

1. Speaker A: The plane is going to _______________. 2. Speaker B: The plane is going to _______________. 3. Speaker C: The plane is going to _______________. 4. Speaker D: The plane is going to _______________. 5. Speaker E: The plane is going to _______________.

c) Listen again and complete the gaps. 1. The 9.25 flight to Rome is delayed by _______________ hours. 2. Passengers going to Tokyo should go to boarding gate _______________. 3. Passengers going to Athens should go to boarding gate _______________. 4. The flight number of the plane going to Amsterdam is _______________. It will leave from gate _______________. 5. The time in _______________ is 18.30. 6. The temperature in New York is _______________ ºF. 1

Source: British Council Website_Learn English Teens.

GRAMMAR POINT Future forms (going to; will; present continuous for future)1 Look at the following sentences: *The flight will leave from gate 6.

*The plane is going to London.

*Passengers going to Tokyo should go to boarding gate 21.

*They are travelling on holidays.

We can use three different forms to talk about the future. It depends on how the speaker sees the future event and in which moment of the speaking it was decided. Is it a plan, a decision, an intention, an offer, a prediction, or an arrangement? Let’s see the differences: *will (’ll): used to talk about a decision, intention or offer made at the moment of speaking. It can be also used to express predictions. I can’t decide what to wear tonight. I know, I’ll wear my black dress. I don’t think I’ll ever be famous. (predicting the future) *(be) going to: used to express a future plan, decision, or intention made before the moment of speaking. Samira is going to the movies after school. *present continuous (verb + -ing): used to express a future arrangement between people – and we know the time and place. She is meeting her sister next week.

Now, match the sentences with the correct future form: 1- The flight will leave from gate 6. 2- The plane is going to London. 3- They are travelling on holidays.

Express a future arrangement between two people. Express a decision at the moment of speaking. Express a future plan before the moment of speaking.

7- Let’s practice the use of future forms! Read the dialogue between two neighbours talking about a party. Complete the gaps using will or be going to.

Adapted from British Council and New Headway Intermediate.

PLANNING A PARTY2 Martha: What horrible weather today. I'd love to go out, but I think it _____________ just continue raining. Jane: Oh, I don't know. Perhaps the sun ________________ come out later this afternoon. Martha: I hope you're right. Listen, I _______________ have a party this Saturday. Would you like to come? Jane: Oh, I'd love to come. Thank you for inviting me. Who ______________ come to the party? Martha: Well, a number of people haven't told me yet. But, Peter and Mark ___________________ help out with the cooking! Jane: Hey, I _________________ help, too! Martha: Would you? That would be great! Jane: I _______________ make lasagna! Martha: That sounds delicious! I know my Italian cousins ___________________ be there. I'm sure they __________ love it. Jane: Italians? Maybe I _____________ bake a cake... Martha: No, no. They're not like that. They _____________love it. Jane: Well, if you say so... Is there a theme for the party? Martha: No, I don't think so. Just a chance to get together and have fun. Jane: I'm sure it ________________ be lots of fun. Martha: But I ________________ hire a clown! Jane: A clown! You're kidding me. Martha: No, no. As I child, I always wanted a clown. Now, I ________________ have my clown at my own party. Jane: I'm sure everyone _______________ have a good laugh. Martha: That's the plan! 8- Put the following sentences in the correct box. What are you doing tomorrow?

I’ll ask her.

I don’t think I’ll ever be rich.

I’ll help her.

I’m dancing salsa tonight.

I’ll make some coffee.

Are you going out tomorrow night?

I’m sure she’ll have fun.

I’ll answer the phone.

You’ll get better soon.

I’m seeing Ali on Tuesday.

I’m meeting my mom this weekend.

Plans and Arrangements

Decision at the moment of speaking

Predictions

9- What are you doing next week? Use the following ideas and the present continuous for future to make some sentences that are true for you. Then, share your plans with a partner.

Go out with friends 2

Visit your parents

Wake up late

Watch a movie or TV Series

Travel

Dialogue extracted from ThoughtCo.

FINAL TASK What does travelling mean to you? a) Take a look at the pictures below and watch the video your teacher will show you. Then, take some minutes to think about what is the meaning of tourism to you.

Credit: United Nations_World Tourism Day

b) Now write down some words, feelings or sentences about this topic. Share your ideas with your classmates. Together, you will build a semantic web about tourism.

c) You have a flight ticket to go anywhere in the world! Think of a place you would like to visit and fill in the information in the boarding pass.

Credit: Freepik

d) Now use the topics below to talk to a colleague about your flight ticket. Add any information you may like. *Where are you going to?

*Why are you going to this place?

*How long are you staying there?

*What kind of places will you visit?

*Are you going in the summer or winter?

*Are you travelling alone?

Unit 4: Welcome home! 1. What is happening in the following picture? What are these people doing?

2. What is your home like? Tick the boxes that are true about the place where you live. House Apartment/flat Big place Small place Near public transportation Far from city centre City centre Own a house Rented house Shared apartment/flat Shared room Quiet neighbourhood Busy neighbourhood

3. Share the information about your house with a partner. Ask him/her questions about his/her home. I live in a house, it is a small place in the city centre. I share a room with a friend and we live in a quiet neighbourhood.

4. Houses can be really different around the world. According to the culture, lifestyle and the place people live, a diverse style of homes can be constructed. Can you think of two types of home that are different from yours?

5. Your teacher will show you some cards with some types of houses. You will choose one card and make some research on the internet to find out information about this style of construction. Fill in the box below:

Type of shelter

Material

Countries where itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s constructed

Type of climate

Additional information

6. Now present to your class what you discovered about this type of home.

VOCABULARY 7. Match the pictures of the parts of the house with their correct names:

(

)

(

)

(

)

(

)

Credit: Freepik

a) office room b) bathroom

c) living room d) swimming pool

e) kitchen f) bedroom 23

8. Fill in the spaces below with words from Exercise 7. a) b) c) d)

The __________________ is my favourite part of the house. I really like cooking! I work at home twice a week, so I need to have an __________________. I love my __________________ because it has a romantic decoration. When my friends come to visit me, we enjoy staying in the __________________ so we can listen to music and drink some wine. e) Her __________________ has a large tub which is perfect for a relaxing shower. f) Our kids love going to the __________________ in the summer! 9. Read the text and answer the following questions.

DO YOU WANT A PLACE TO CALL YOURS? The way of living in the 21st century is not the same of our parents or grandparents. People are starting to rethink what type of house they want to have. What is the best option in the market? Is it better to rent or buy a place? Do I need a big home or a small one is enough? These questions are becoming more common in the mind of young people. Cities around the world are growing very fast and with the impact of technology in our lives and work, new types of home and living are designed to fit this modern lifestyle. There are many movements that bring different ideas of a place to call home. The tiny house movement, also called small house movement, is perfect for individuals that want to have a minimalist home and own fewer things. The main idea here is to live in compact spaces and don’t purchase lots of products. Some people don’t want to have just one house. Instead, they prefer to keep moving from one place to another renting other people’s house through online platforms, such as Airbnb®. You can live in lots of different places and neighbourhoods, even cities and countries, and don’t have to worry about buying furniture or sign a long-term contract.

a) What type of lifestyle do you have? Do you prefer living in a small or big house? b) Do you have any friend or relative that decided to live in a different way? Is there any similarity with the movements mentioned in the text? c) Do you think these new ways of living will become more common in the future? d) What type of living do you think is more interesting? 10. Share your answers with a partner. Ask him/her the questions of the previous exercise.

GRAMMAR POINT Some, Any, A lot of, Lots of Take a look at the words in the box. Singular Countable

----------

Plural Countable Some people don’t want to have just one house.

Uncountable I have some money to spend with decoration.

I have some problems in my personal life. There aren’t any dogs in this house.

I like to have some time to stay with friends. I don’t have any money in my pocket.

Are there any facilites in the building? Don’t purchase lots of products.

If you need any information, just let me know. My house doesn’t have lots of furniture.

There are a lot of tables in this restaurant.

We have a lot of love in our home.

Now choose the correct option to complete the rules: Some means a certain large number or amount of people or things. Any is used instead of some a lot of in negative sentences. It is also used in sentences questions. A lot of or lots of means a small large amount of people or things. It cannot be used with singular plural countable nouns.

affirmative

11. Choose if the following sentences are right or wrong. Correct the mistakes or put a tick ( ) if they are right. a) I want to buy lots of decor objects to my new house. _______________________________________ b) He doesn’t have some time to spend with his kids. _________________________________________ c) She is going to receive a lot of money from her parents to study abroad.________________________ d) There are any cats in this building. ______________________________________________________ e) I can see some person arriving at the party._______________________________________________ f) It is possible to find some bars open after midnight in big cities. ______________________________ 12. Use the words from the box and the pictures to create some sentences. some

any

a lot of

lots of

LISTENING 13. Listen to a woman describing a photo of a living room in a house. 1 a) Put a tick in the words that you hear. windows table cloudy furniture floor

clean carpet wall stairs vase

Image credit: Pixabay

b) Listen again and complete the sentences with the missing words. Mmm well what can I see in this photo? It’s a ___________ room, clearly. And a very nice one too. It’s very light with all those windows and it’s sunny. It could be part of a house, or it might actually be a ground floor flat I suppose. The people who own the house or __________ must be fairly wealthy, as the furniture looks quite expensive. They can’t have young children as it’s very clean and tidy, and there are no toys anywhere. And I don’t think they have _________ pets either, or at least, not in the house. The floor has _________ carpet I think, but I don’t think it’s on the whole floor. The house is probably not in Britain – also, the plants look quite ___________, so it could be somewhere hotter. Spain maybe, or France. The people who live here must really enjoy watching ____________ because there’s a huge wide-screen tv on the wall. Oh and there’s a small garden outside – they must love their house and garden very much as it all looks very beautiful.

Audio and text extracted from ESOL Nexus British Council.

VOCABULARY Furniture and home objects 14. Take a look at the following images. Match them with their correct names.

Credit: Freepik

Towel Sofa Window Chair Mirror Book shelf Sink Lamp Toilet

Bathtub Desk Refrigerator Vase Drawers Oven Sideboard Picture frame Wardrobe

15. Now check your answers with a partner. 16. Which of the furniture and home objects from exercise 14 do you have in your house? In which room are they? Write some sentences about it. There is a sofa and some picture frames in my living room.

17. Choose one of the pictures and describe it to a colleague. Then, listen to his/her description of another image. Use the vocabulary you learned from the previous exercises.

Credit: Freepik

18. Read the following house advertisements. Which place would you like to rent? Why? MODERN APARTMENT IN A QUIET NEIGHBOURHOOD -4 bedrooms -3 bathrooms - 1 large living room w/ dining room -Remodeled kitchen -Near the park $5.300

COZY VILLAGE HOUSE FOR A COUPLE -2 bedrooms (one w/ balcony) -1 bathroom -1 toilet -Kitchen w/ dining room -Small yard w/ garden -Garage $2.700

PERFECT LOFT IN THE CITY CENTRE -Modern loft with integrated bedroom and living room -1 bathroom -Fully equipped kitchen -Near subway and bus stop $1.800

19. Time to play! Are you ready to answer some questions about your home? In groups of 3 people, play the board game below. You’ll need a dice and some pawns.

Instructions: *You have 30 seconds to answer the questions. *If your answer is right, you can roll the dice again. If your answer is wrong, it is your colleagues’ turn. * You cannot play more than twice in a row. *The person who arrives first at the Finish square is the winner.

Where do you live?

How many rooms are there in your house?

Who do you live with?

What type of lifestyle do you have?

MISS A TURN!

Say the name of 3 objects you can find in a living room.

What is your neighbourhood like?

What’s your favourite room in the house?

Do you prefer buying or renting a house?

How many people are there in your home?

Say the name of two rooms that start with the letter B.

What type of furniture/objects can you find in an office room?

Say the name of two types of houses.

GO BACK 2 SPACES!

Describe a room of your house.

Say the name of 3 types of furniture.

GO FORWARD 1 SPACE!

How is your dream house?

FINISH

START

FINAL TASK a) Your house is for sale! Write an attractive rental advertisement with as many details as possible to describe your place. Go back in the unit to help you remember the vocabulary.

b) Imagine you find a bag full of money and you can build the house of your dreams! What is it like? Write a text describing it. Then, you should present your home plan to a colleague.

_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 5: Good old days

1. Can you recognize these objects? Do you know in which decade people used to have it?

d) Credit: a-Freepik ; b, c and d- Pixabay

2. Match the names with the pictures from the previous exercise. (

) telephone

(

) typewriter

(

) cassette tape

(

) videogame

3. Can you remember of other objects from the past? Write down in the space below.

Do you like to buy or wear vintage clothes and objects?

5. Read the following extracts about nostalgia marketing. Have you ever heard about this trend?

6. Some verbs from the texts are highlighted in a different colour. Can you identify the verb tense to which they belong? Choose the correct option. Future tense

Present tense

Past tense 32

7. Put the verbs in green from the extracts of exercise 5 in the correct column. Regular verbs

Irregular verbs

Continuous verb form (to be + ing)

GRAMMAR POINT Past simple and past continuous Take a look at these sentences: a) The games we played, the food we ate, the music we listened to – they all make us feel something. b) (…) the idea of wearing an outfit sourced from the wardrobe of a person possibly long dead was unappealing in the extreme. c) Jeff was walking through the Staten Island Ferry terminal (…) when a group of young police officers started singing the Inspector Gadget theme for him. What’s the difference in meaning between them? Put the letter correspondent to the previous sentences in the correct description. Then, write inside the brackets what is the verb tense (past simple, past continuous or both). ( ( (

) Longer action or situation not complete in the past [ ] ) Complete shorter action that happened while the longer action was happening [ ) Complete actions in the past (long or short) [ ]

]

8. Look at the examples and complete the table.1 enjoyed

To make regular simple past forms Most verbs Verbs ending in -e Verbs ending in vowel + -y (-ay, -oy) Verbs ending in consonant +-y Short verbs ending in one vowel and one consonant 1

helped hoped seemed stopped

Add -ed

liked tried

Just add -d

planned played rained replied waited wanted worked

Double the last letter and add -ed

Change the –y to –i and add -ed

Extracted from Oxford English Grammar Course Intermediate.

9. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. Pay attention if they are regular or irregular. There is a list of irregular verbs at the end of this unit. a) b) c) d) e) f)

Last week, Benjamin _____________ (go) to a party with his friends. Samira ____________ (call) her mother to tell she ______________ (be) pregnant. Ali really _____________ (enjoy) his trip to South Africa. Yvonne ______________ (invite) her cousin to go to the movies. Abdullah _____________ (write) an article to a famous magazine. Mary _______________ (send) her CV to a new job position.

10. What were these people doing last night? Follow the example below. Check your answers with a partner.

She was sleeping.____

_________________________

_______________________

_________________________

________________________

11. What about you? What were you doing last night?

12. Let’s check if your colleague has a good memory? Ask him/her the following questions. What were you doing when… … the twin towers collapsed on 9/11? … Brazil won the World Cup in 1994? … Amy Winenouse died? … Abraço Cultural was created? … Barack Obama won the presidential election? 34

LISTENING 13.

Listen to two people debating about technology changes in our lives. Put a check in the sentences that you hear. 2 It used to take months for a letter to reach the other side of the world. I didn’t use to message or e-mail people. Life used to be so much simpler when we didn’t have to rely on all these stupid [technologies]. I didn’t use to go to the shopping. I used to like going to the library. We didn’t use to have to rely on our phones to remember our phone numbers.

14. Take a look at the image below. Which of these music elements did you use to have? What about your old relatives (parents, grandparents, cousin etc). Write some sentences about it.

Credit: Freepik

My oldest cousin used to have a CD player to listen to his favourite songs while he was travelling.

Audio from BBC Learning English.

FINAL TASK a) Last summer you and your friends had an amazing trip to India! Write about all the adventures you experienced, the food you ate, things you didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t use to do but you did there and other details you want to include. Use all the past forms to make a good narrative!

b) Ask your partner about his/her experience. Use the following questions to help you. *Where did you go?

*Why did you choose this place?

*Who was travelling with you?

*How was your experience?

*When was your trip?

*What were you carrying with you?

*How long did you stay there?

*How many people did you meet? 36

Irregular Verb List INFINITIVE be become begin bet bite blow break bring build burn buy catch choose come cut do draw dream drink drive eat fall feed feel fight find fly forget forgive freeze get go grow have hear hide hit hold hurt keep know lay learn leave let lose make

PAST SIMPLE was/were became began bet bit blew broke brought built burn bought caught chose came cut did drew dreamt/dreamed drank drove ate fell fed felt fought found flew forgot forgave froze got went grew had heard hid hit held hurt kept knew laid learnt/learned left let lost made

PAST PARTICIPLE been become begun bet bitten blown broken brought built burnt bought caught chosen come cut done drawn dreamt/dreamed drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt fought found flown forgotten forgiven frozen got gone grown had heard hidden hit held hurt kept known laid learnt/learned left let lost made

INFINITIVE meet read /ri:d/ run say see sell send shake shine shoot show shut sing sink sit sleep smell speak spell spend stand steal swim take teach tell think throw understand wake wear win write

PAST SIMPLE met read /red/ ran said saw sold sent shook shone shot showed shut sang sank sat slept smelt spoke spelt spent stood stole swam took taught told thought threw understood woke wore won wrote

PAST PARTICIPLE met read /red/ run said seen sold sent shaken shone shot shown shut sung sunk sat slept smelt spoken spelt spent stood stolen swum taken taught told thought thrown understood woken worn won written

Here you can find the most common irregular verbs. In a dictionary you can look for a complete list.

Unit 6: To eat or not to eat: that’s the question.

1. Look at the image below and select the options that best represent it.

Eating fruits and vegetables is better for your health. It’s difficult to have a balanced diet. When you are hungry choose the food with more calories. Should I eat what I like or what is healthier? 2. How are your eating habits? Talk to a colleague about your tastes and preferences and find out what kind of diet he/she follows.

My favourite food is hamburger. I love eating junk food!

I am a vegetarian, so I prefer eating fruits, vegetables and whole grains.

3. Cuisines around the world can be really different. They carry specific and traditional ways of cooking according to the region or culture. Do you know how the style of cooking in your teacher’s country is? Together with your classmates, ask him/her some questions. Write the answers in the notes below. *What are the main dishes? *What types of ingredients are often used? *What’s his/her favourite food? *Is there any traditional food for special occasions?

VOCABULARY 4. Fill in the gaps with an adjective from the box below.

healthy

a) b) c) d) e) f)

creamy

spicy

salty

sweet

hot

I love Indian cuisine and its ________________ food! Eating fruits and vegetables is the best way to be ____________________. Foods with a ______________ taste make me happy. My favourites are chocolate cake and cookies. It’s really nice when you are cooking a dessert and you can feel the _________________ consistency. When it’s cold there is no such thing as eating a __________________ soup. Every time I eat __________________ food I keep drinking water for a long period.

LISTENING 5. You are going to listen to a podcast talking about sustainable and healthy food in Asia. Choose if the sentences are true or false according to what you hear. a) b) c) d)

We are going to talk about some of the things people should not be aware of. Is your food that says is organic really organic? Not everything you see on a menu is what it is. You as a supplier running up against some fair competition.

T T T T

F F F F

6. Read an excerpt about the advantages of being a vegetarian. Pay attention to the words in bold.

Are Vegetarians Healthier Than Non-Vegetarians? The answer is they can be, but aren't always. In general, vegetarian diets are lower in saturated fats, cholesterol and animal protein, and higher in fiber and folate than non-vegetarian diets. Consequently, vegetarians tend to have substantially reduced risks for obesity, heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and some forms of cancer - particularly lung cancer and colon cancer. In western countries, vegetarians often live longer, on average, than non-vegetarians. Extracted from: http://www.calorieking.com/learnabouts/Are-Vegetarians-Healthier-Than-Non-Vegetarians_OTM3.html

Now analyse the words in bold and choose the correct option:   

The adjectives healthier, lower, higher and longer are used to make These adjectives are considered long short words. The ending –er was added removed from the base form.

comparisons

suggestions.

GRAMMAR POINT Comparative and superlative adjectives

When you want to compare people or things with each other, you can change the form of adjectives by adding - er (for short words) or more (for long words). If you add than it means you are comparing two things.  Vegetarian diets are lower in saturated fats. (low)  Vegetarians often live longer than non-vegetarians. (long)  Eating in a French restaurant is more expensive than in an Arabic restaurant. (expensive) When you want to compare people and things with all of their group, you can change the form of adjectives by adding the –est (for short words) or the most (for long words).  Laila is the best belly dancer of Egypt. (good)  That Chinese restaurant is one of the most expensive of my city. (expensive) Now choose if the sentences about comparative and superlative are true or false: *If we want to compare two things, we add –er to short adjectives.

* To compare one thing with their entire group, we add –est to short adjectives.

*There is no different rule between short and long adjectives.

* We use more/most with long words.

*Than and the can be used with both comparative and superlative.

7. Look at the examples in the orange box, and then complete rules 1 – 5 with sentences from the black box.1 more/most beautiful

easier/easiest

put more and most in front. (2x)

more/most distant

happier/happiest

add –r, -st.

more/most intelligent

older/oldest

add –er, -est.

later/latest

hotter/hottest

change y to i and add –er, -est.

nicer/nicest

bigger/biggest

before –er and –est, double the last letter

To make the comparative and superlative of: 1- One-syllable adjectives ending in –e: __________________________________________________ 2- Other one-syllable adjectives: _______________________________________________________ 3- Two-syllable adjectives ending in –y: __________________________________________________ 4- Other two-syllable adjectives: _______________________________________________________ 5- Longer adjectives: _________________________________________________________________ 6- Adjectives that end in one consonant, one vowel, one consonant: __________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 1

Exercise based on Oxford English Grammar Course, Intermediate.

8. Fill in the gaps with the comparative form of the adjectives. a) I am ________________ (happy) in my new job. b) Travelling to Europe is ___________________ (cheap) than to Japan. c) I have two sisters __________________ (old) than me. d) It is _________________ (easy) to communicate by social media. e) The weather in Brazil is _______________ (hot) than in the Netherlands. f) My cousin is _________________________ (intelligent) than g) Which is ____________________ (important): to be right or to be happy?

9. Compare the facts about some restaurants. Write at least 6 sentences about them using comparatives and superlatives adjectives. Nigerian restaurant

Arabic restaurant

Indian restaurant

$$$$

$$$

clean? spicy food? friendly staff?

^^^ @@@ 

^^^^ @ 

^^ @@@@ 

good menu?

***

****

expensive?

10. Now compare your sentences with a classmate.

FINAL TASK a) Food can feed the soul and connect people. Have you ever had this sensation? How is your relationship with food? Share your feelings with a colleague. b) Read an extract about the connection between people from different cultures and food. Then, write about a remarkable experience you had with the cuisine of a different country.

“Food feeds the soul. To the extent that we all eat food, and we all have souls, food is the single great unifier across cultures. But what feeds your soul? For me, a first-generation Korean-American, comfort food is a plate of kimchi, white rice, and fried Spam. Such preferences are personally meaningful — and also culturally meaningful. Our comfort foods map who are, where we come from, and what happened to us along the way. (...) In Arab cultures, community is key to the food culture. The daily iftar that breaks the fast during Ramadan, for example, features platters of traditional fare such as tharid and h’riss that are shared by all who are sitting down to break the fast, eating with their hand from the same dishes. Families and institutions will host private iftars, of course, but mosques, schools, markets and other community organizations will also offer large iftar meals, and all are open to the public and shared. This family style of eating is not dissimilar to the dishes on a Chinese dinner table, where one does not eat a single portioned and plated dish, but is expected to eat from shared, communal platters.” Edited and extracted from: “What Americans can learn from other food cultures.” Available on https://ideas.ted.com/whatamericans-can-learn-from-other-food-cultures/

________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42

Reference list British Council – Teaching English Teens Big World Media: https://www.bigworldmedia.com/blogs/news/16838419-cultural-diversity-in-theworkplace-7-essential-tips Calorie King: http://www.calorieking.com/learnabouts/Are-Vegetarians-Healthier-Than-NonVegetarians_OTM3.html Esol Nexus British Council - http://esol.britishcouncil.org/ Forbes: https://www.forbes.com/sites/laurenfriedman/2016/08/02/why-nostalgia-marketing-works-so-wellwith-millennials-and-how-your-brand-can-benefit/#67eeb1743636 Global Education – www.globaleducation.edu.au Grammaring: http://www.grammaring.com/determiners-with-countable-and-uncountable-nouns-some-anyno-many-much-few-little-etc Ideas Ted: https://ideas.ted.com/what-americans-can-learn-from-other-food-cultures/ New Headway Student’s Book, intermediate level. Liz and John Soars. Oxford University Press. Oxford English Grammar Course, intermediate level. Michael Swan and Catherine Walter. Oxford University Press. Oxford University Press Website https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/elementary/grammar/grammar_02_012e?cc=global&selLanguage=en https://elt.oup.com/student/solutions/elementary/everydayenglish/?cc=global&selLanguage=en Skyword: https://www.skyword.com/contentstandard/creativity/how-nostalgia-helps-brands-connect-withmillennials/ Teaching Tolerance – www.tolerance.org ThoughtCo: https://www.thoughtco.com/multiple-choice-questions-planning-a-party-1210089 Turism for development: http://www.tourism4development2017.org/why-tourism/ Twinkl.uk: http://www.twinkl.co.uk/resource/t-t-1149-homes-around-the-world-display-posters Wikitravel: http://wikitravel.org/en/Petra World Tourism Day/ World Tourism Organization: http://wtd.unwto.org/communication-kit