Refleksi 10 Tahun Tsunami Aceh by Adler M Rasul

TSUNAMI ACEH

REFLEKSI 10 TAHUN TSUNAMI ACEH 10 YEARS OF REFLECTIONS ON ACEH TSUNAMI

P E M E R I N TA H A C E H

“REFLEKSI 10 TAHUN TSUNAMI ACEH“ 10 Years of Reflections on Aceh Tsunami Patron

Gubernur Aceh dr. H. Zaini Abdullah

Advisor

Drs. Dermawan MM Azhari SE, MSi

Member Of Advisor Team

Drs. M. Raudhi M.Si Drs Ali Alfatah, MM Edrian, SH, M.Hum

Coordinator

Yon W. Anwar

Secretary

Lanny Quintarina

Writers

Nashrun Marzuki Mujahid Arrazi Dian Guci

Editorial Technical Advisor Design Data Gatherer And Analyst

Advertising Team

Published By

Pemerintah Aceh Kantor Gubernur Aceh Jl. T. Nyak Arief No. 291, Banda Aceh Telp : 0651-7551377 | Fax : 0651-7555516 Produced By Nusa Global Jl. Tebet Timur Dalam VII B No. 2, Jakarta Selatan Telp : 021-83784500 Email : nusaglobal@gmail.com

BENCANA besar yang me landa Aceh 10 tahun silam adalah sejarah yang tidak mungkin dilupakan dunia. Guncangan gempa berke kuatan 9,3 Skala Richter yang berpusat 160 km sebelah barat Aceh dengan kedalaman 10 ki lometer, telah memunculkan Tsu nami yang memporakporandakan daerah kita. Gelombang raya itu juga dr. H. Zaini Abdullah menyentuh beberapa negara tetangga seperti Malaysia, Thailand, Sri Langka, India dan bahkan hingga wilayah timur Afrika. Ada sekitar 220.000 korban jiwa akibat bencana hebat itu. Wajar jika dunia memalingkan wajahnya untuk Aceh sebagai bentuk solidaritas dan persahabatan Internasional. Empat tahun pertama pasca bencana, Aceh terus berbenah di berbagai bidang. Besarnya dukungan internasional dan alokasi anggaran pembangunan nasional yang tidak sedikit membuat Aceh bergerak cepat untuk bangkit dari keterpurukan. Ada banyak pembelajaraan yang diperoleh selama proses rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi berjalan, baik itu menyangkut penguatan kebersamaan, solidaritas, perencanaan pem bangunan, langkah-langkah evakuasi korban, dan pening kataan kesadaran masyarakat tentang kebencanaan. Semua itu adalah perjalanan sejarah yang tidak bisa kita lupakan oleh generasi Aceh saat ini maupun di masa datang. Ada banyak pembelajaran yang terkandung di dalamnya sebagai acuan untuk membangun Aceh yang lebih baik lagi dimasa depan.

THE most devastating disaster that struck Aceh a decade ago constitutes an unforgettably recorded world history. The massive 9.3 magnitude earthquake along with its epicenter of the main earthquake approximately 160 km off the West of Aceh, at a depth of 10 km has led tsunamis that ravaged our region. The high waves also adversely affected a couple of neighboring countries such as Malaysia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, India and even to the eastern region of Africa. Approximately 220,000 people perished due to the devastating disaster. No wonder, if Aceh had been in the limelight and all eyes turned to Aceh as a form of international solidarity and friendship. During the first four years after the disaster, Aceh has kept on fixing and making progress in various fields. The great extent of the international support as well as national development budget allocation has got a significant impact on making Aceh move forward so quickly to bounce back arising from adversity. There have been lots of lessons learned during the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction, be it the reinforced togetherness, solidarity, development planning, measures for casualties evacuation, increasing public awareness for natural disaster. All of that serves as the course of history we can’t possibly afford to forget as the generation of Aceh today and in the future. There have been lots of lessons learned in it as a reference to build a better Aceh again in the future. One of the purposes for presenting this book is to remind us to keep all the development process in Aceh over the past 10 years in mind as the invaluable lessons. Therefore, I by all means welcome the preparation of the book titled "10 years of Reflections on Aceh Tsunami," hoping to bring forth benefits to many parties, particularly in increasing public awareness of the need for sensitivity to the disaster risks, and the importance of

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Kehadiran buku ini salah satunya bertujuan untuk mengingatkan kita semua tentang pembelajaran penting yang perlu diingat dari proses pembangunan Aceh selama 10 tahun terakhir ini. Karena itu, saya tentu saja menyambut baik penyusunan buku “Refleksi 10 Tahun Tsunami Aceh” ini, dengan harapan bisa membawa manfaat bagi banyak pihak, khususnya dalam mendorong kesadaran masyarakat tentang perlunya kepekaan terhadap bencana, dan pentingnya memperkuat solidaritas antar sesama. Alhamdulillah, setelah sepuluh tahun berlalu, Aceh telah bangkit menerobos sekat-sekat yang menghambat kemajuan pembangunan di daerah ini. Jalan-jalan, jembatan, pelabuhan dan berbagai sektor ekonomi rakyat sudah kembali pulih. Bank Dunia bahkan menyebut upaya rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi Aceh sebagai ‘Langkah pembangunan kembali yang paling berhasil’. Mudah-mudahan keberhasilan ini dapat memberi pelajaran berharga bagi banyak negara yang mengalami masalah seperti Aceh. Buku ini juga sebagai ungkapan terimakasih dan rasa bangga kita atas kepedulian dunia bagi pembangunan Aceh. Berkaca dari pengalaman Aceh, kita dorong dunia agar lebih memperkuat semangat solidaritas dan kebersamaannya. Saya mengucapkan terimakasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam penyusunan dan penerbitan buku ini. Bersama-sama kita bermohon kepada Allah SWT agar kita senantiasa mendapat limpahan rahmat dan perlindunganNya, dan semoga pembangunan Aceh ke depan berjalan dengan semakin baik.

strengthening solidarity among fellow human beings. Alhamdulillah, after ten years on , Aceh has bounced back to break through the barriers that impede the progress of the region development. Roads, bridges, ports and various public economic sectors have been restored. Even the World Bank cited the rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts in Aceh as a 'way forward for development which is most successful'. Hopefully the success can provide valuable lessons for many countries which are being faced with problems like Aceh. This book is also presented as a way of expressing our appreciation and let us take pride of word’s awareness of Aceh Development. Reflecting on the experience of Aceh, we call on the world to further strengthen the spirit of solidarity and togetherness. I wish to express my highest appreciation towards all parties who have helped in the preparation and publication of this book. Let’s humbly pray together to Allah SWT that we always have His abundant grace and protection, and may the future developments of Aceh increasingly get better.

GEMPA yang terjadi pada hari Minggu pagi, 26 Desember 2004 tepatnya jam 7: 58 : 53 WIB. Pusat gempa terletak pada bujur 3.316Â° N 95.854Â° E kurang lebih 160 km sebelah barat Aceh sedalam 10 kilometer. Gempa ini berkekuatan 9,3 Skala Richter dan dengan ini merupakan gempa Bumi terdahsyat dalam kurun waktu 40 tahun terakhir ini yang menghantam Aceh, Pantai Barat Semenanjung Malaysia, Thailand, Pantai Timur India, Sri Lanka, bahkan sampai Pantai Timur Afrika. Bencana ini tidak hanya menimbulkan korban ratusan ribu jiwa, tapi juga memporak-porandakan Aceh.

The great earthquake that occurred on Sunday morning, December 26, 2004 precisely at 7: 58: 53 a.m local time or at 00: 58: 50 UTC and its focal depth was possibly about 10km.The epicenter was located at 3.316o N 95.854o E approximately 160 km off the west of Aceh . The quake measuring 9.3 on the Richter scale was the most powerful earthquakes within the last 40 years that struck Aceh, the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, East Coast of India, Sri Lanka, even to the East Coast of Africa. This disaster did not only claim hundreds of thousands of lives, but also devastated Aceh.

Banyak pelajaran yang telah dipetik dari upaya membangun kembali Aceh dengan lebih baik dan Indonesia sekarang diakui dunia terdepan dalam mempromosikan pengurangan risiko bencana.

Many lessons have been learned from its concerted efforts to rebuild a better Aceh and Indonesia is currently a recognized world leader in promoting disaster risk reduction.

Buku ini mencoba kembali merangkai peristiwa tsunami, peran Badan Rekonstruksi dan Rehabilitasi (BRR) Aceh â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Nias. Hikmah setelah Tsunami, MoU Helsinki, Pembangunan Infrastruktur serta Solidaritas Internasional yang bisa dilihat secara langsung dalam pertemuan UN Summit di Jakarta beberapa hari setelah tsunami terkumpul biaya Rp. 60 triliun untuk membangun Aceh. Respons dari berbagai belahan dunia sangat luar biasa untuk membantu Aceh. Kita perlu memberikan apresiasi kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu Aceh.

This book tries to re-assemble the tsunami, the role of the Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Agency (BRR) Aceh - Nias. Wisdom In The Wake of the tsunami, the Helsinki MOU, the development of infrastructure as well as the International Solidarity that can be seen directly in a meeting of the UN Summit in Jakarta a couple of days following the tsunami and they managed to raise funds around Rp. 60 trillion to have Aceh rebuilt. The response from various corners of the world has been most extraordinary to help Aceh. We need to give appreciation to all those who have helped Aceh.

Setelah fase rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi berakhir, lapangan Blang Padang disulap menjadi “Taman Thanks to The World”, yang di bagian pinggirnya dibuat prasasti yang memuat ucapan terimakasih terhadap negara-negara yang terlibat dalam membantu Aceh pasca tsunami. Aceh berterimakasih kepada dunia yang telah membantu pasca tsunami.

After the rehabilitation and reconstruction phase finalized, Blang Padang field has been transformed into “Thanks to the World Memorial Park“, around the curved pathways, we can see plaques - thanking each individual country who contributed to the reconstruction. Plaques are inscribed with a flag of the country and the words ‘terima kasih dan damai’ or ‘thank you in peace’ in the language of the respective countries involved in helping Aceh after the tsunami. Aceh thanked the world who has helped after the tsunami.

Sambutan Gubernur Aceh............................................................. Governorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Foreword Aceh ...........................................................

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Pengantar Penerbit........................................................................ The Publisherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Note.................................................................... Aceh, Tsunami & Solidaritas Global............................................... Aceh, Tsunami And Global Solidarity.............................................

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BRR Aceh-Nias............................................................................. BRR Aceh-Nias.............................................................................

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Bangkit Atau Mati: Aceh Setelah Tsunami..................................... Rise Or Dead: Aceh After Tsunami................................................

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Tak Kenal Maka Tak Selamat: Memesrai Bencana......................... Not Know Not Safe: Being Intimate with Disaster.........................

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Penutup (Aceh Thanks The World)................................................. Closing (Aceh Thanks The World).................................................

155 155

Ronaldo dan Martunis.................................................................. Ronaldo and Martunis..................................................................

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Tsunami Baby Boom...................................................................... Tsunami Baby Boom.....................................................................

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JK dan Gembok Gudang................................................................. Jk and Warehouse Padlock...........................................................

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Cessna Juragan Susi..................................................................... Cessna of Skipper Susi.................................................................

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Pemicu Jurnalisme Warga............................................................. Trigger of Citizen Journalism.........................................................

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FOTO: JOHN STANMEYER

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BAB I / CHAPTER 1

ERASAL dari Bahasa Jepang Tsu (pelabuhan) dan Nami (gelombang), United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USNOAA) mendefinisikan tsunami sebagai gelom bang raksasa yang diakibatkan gempa atau kegiatan gunung api dasar laut.

ERIVED from Japanese language, namely Tsu (port) and Nami (wave), the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US-NOAA) defines tsunami as giant wave resulted from earthquake or seabed volcanic activity.

Sementara Kementerian Energi dan Sumberdaya Mineral Republik Indonesia menyebutkan “rangkaian gelombang laut yang mampu menjalar dengan kecepatan hingga lebih 900 km per jam, terutama diakibatkan oleh gempa bumi yang terjadi di dasar laut,” sebagai definisi tsunami.

Whilst the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia said that “a series of ocean waves that is able to spread at speed of more than 900 km per hour, particularly resulted from earthquake occurred on the seabed,” as definition of tsunami.

Pendeknya, tsunami adalah gelombang raksasa yang datang dari laut. Gelombang setinggi 30 meter yang menghancurkan Aceh pada 26 Desember 2004 adalah akibat gempa berkekuatan 9.2 skala Richter yang terjadi ketika lempeng Hindia disubduksi (dibentur dan dipaksa turun) oleh Lempeng Birma. Hiposentrum gempa utamanya kira-kira terletak di Samudra Hindia, 160 kilometer di sebelah utara pulau Simeulue, lepas pantai barat utara Sumatera, pada kedalaman 30 km di bawah permukaan laut (awalnya dilaporkan 10 kilometer).

In short, tsunami is a giant wave coming from ocean. The wave as high as 30 meter destroying Aceh on December 26, 2004 is resulted from a quake at 7.2 on the Richter scale occurred when Indian plate was sub-ducted (hit and forced down) by Birma Plate. A hipocentrum of main quake is approximately located in the Indian Ocean, 160 kilometer at the north of Simeulue Island, northwest offshore of Sumatera, in the depth of 30 km under sea level (initially 10 kilometer as reported).

Pada hari itu, bagian utara megathrust (patahan) Sunda patah sepanjang 1.300Â km, mengisap air laut hingga puluhan kilometer dan kemudian memuntahkannya lagi dengan kekuatan sembilan kali lebih dahsyat. Patahan Sunda adalah patahan lempeng benua yang terentang sepanjang sisi tenggara Sumatera, selatan Jawa dan Bali, dan berakhir di dekat Australia. Patahan yang sangat aktif ini biasa dibagi menjadi tiga: Patahan Andaman, Patahan Sumatera dan Patahan Jawa. Indonesia terletak pada jalur Cincin Api Pasifik. Nama lainnya adalah Sabuk Sirkum Pasifik, yaitu sebuah jalur berbentuk tapal kuda yang membentang sepanjang 40.000 km mulai dari Tierra Del Fuego di ujung Amerika Selatan hingga Selandia Baru. Jalur Cincin Api adalah wilayah yang paling banyak mengalami atau memiliki fenomena geologis seperti palung dasar laut, sabuk gunung api, dan pergerakan lempeng benua. Wajar, jalur ini memiliki hingga 452 gunung api. Tujuh puluh lima persen gunung berapi aktif dunia terletak di Jalur Cincin Api ini.

At that day, the north of Sunda megathrust (fault) is 1300 km, absorbed sea water up to tens of kilometer and then threw it up under more than nine time power. Sunda fault is a fault of continental plate stretching along the southeast of Sumatera, south of Java and Bali, and ended near Australia. This very active fault is usually divided into three: Andaman Fault, Sumatera Fault and Java Fault. Indonesia is located at the Pacific Ring of Fire belt. The other name is Pacific Sircum Belt, namely a belt in the form of horseshoe stretching as long as 40,000 km from Tierra Del Fuego at the cape of South America to New Zealand. The Ring of Fire Belt is the territory extremely having geological phenomenon as seabed trough, volcanic belt, and movement of continental plate. It is fair that this has up to 452 volcanoes. Seventy-five percent of active world volcanoes are located at this Ring of Fire Belt. As the consequence of the location of Ring of Fire Belt,

Sebagai konsekuensi dari letaknya di Jalur Cincin Api, Indonesia memiliki laut yang kaya raya oleh keanekaragaman hayati. Sebagian di antaranya sangat unik dan satu-satunya di dunia, karena ditunjang oleh pergerakan arus hangat dan dingin yang disebabkan oleh kondisi geologis dasar lautnya. Banyaknya gunung api juga menganugerahkan tanah yang subur karena mendapat nutrisi dari muntahan vulkanik selama ribuan tahun. Namun, sesuai namanya, berkah Jalur Cincin Api juga memendam ancaman besar. Lempeng benua yang memangku Indonesia adalah kombinasi dari Lempeng Eurasia, Lempeng Pasifik dan Lempeng Indo-Australia. Ketiga lempeng ini sangat aktif. Ketiganya bergerak (secara horizontal) dengan frekuensi gerakan yang cukup sering, dibandingkan lempeng lainnya. Pergerakan lempeng benua ini sesekali menyebabkan gempa berÂÂkekuatan besar, ketika satu lempeng benua

Indonesia has sea having biodiversity. A part of them is unique and the only one in the world, because it is supported by the movement of warm and cold currents caused by the condition of seabed geology. Many volcanoes also present fertile soil because it obtains nutrition from volcanic vomit during thousands of years. However, according to its name, the blessing of Ring of Fire Belt has a big threat. The continental plate sustaining Indonesia is the combination of Eurasia Plat, Pacific Plate and Indo-Australian Plate. These three plates are active. The three move (horizontally) with quite often frequency, compared with other plates. This movement of continental plate sometime causes big power quake, when a continental plate hit the other and it causes a downward pressure (subduction). This is what happened in the morning on December 26, 2004. Birma Plate sub-ducted Indo-Australian Plate. It

Peta jalur cincin api beserta lempeng dan aktifitas gempa bumi di dunia / Ring of fire map along with its plate and earthquake activities in the world.

membentur lempeng yang lain dan menyebabkannya terdesak ke bagian bawah (subduksi). Inilah yang terjadi pada pagi hari 26 Desember 2004. Lempeng Birma menyubduksi Lempeng Indo-Australia. Mematahkan (meruntuhkan) Sunda megathrust. Selain pergerakan antarlempeng, dasar laut juga diperkirakan naik beberapa meter. Kenaikan ini memindahkan air laut sebanyak 30 kilometer kubik dan menciptakan gelombang tsunami yang dahsyat. Gelombang tersebut bukan berasal dari titik sumber sebagaimana ditampilkan beberapa ilustrasi jalur tsunami. Gelombang tersebut menyebar ke luar mengikuti retakan sepanjang 1.600 kilometer (garis sumber). Peristiwa ini menambah luas wilayah geografis yang ditargetkan gelombang sampai Meksiko, Chili, dan Arktik. Kenaikan dasar laut mengurangi kapasitas Samudra Hindia dalam jumlah besar dan mengakibatkan kenaikan permukaan laut global secara permanen setinggi 0.1 millimeter. Seorang saksi penyintas mengatakan bahwa tsunami yang menerjang pinggiran Kota Banda Aceh memiliki kecepatan sekitar 75 km/jam. Memasuki Kota,

broke (destroyed) Sunda Megathrust. Besides the movement of inter-plate, the seabed is also estimated to have risen several meters. This increase moved 30 cubic kilometer seawater and causes a huge tsunami wave. Such wave did not come from a source point as showed in several tsunami belt illustrations. Such wave spread outward after the 1600 kilometer fracture (source line). This event increased the area of wave-targeted geography up to Mexico, Chili, and Arctic. The increase in seabed reduced the capacity of the Indian Ocean in big quantity and caused increase in the global sea level permanently as high as 0,1 milimeter. A witness of survivors said that the tsunami hitting the outskirt of Banda Aceh has a 75 km/hour speed. Entering the city, this speed increased because the wave coming was in stages causing the next wave as “riding” the previous wave. In line with Newton Law II and III, a friction of the second is reduced because of the first wave sustained, so that the speed increased. In Gampong Blang Oi, Meuraxa Sub-district, for example, approximately two kilometers from the beach, the wave

(kiri) Warga aceh berhamburan dijalan untuk menyelamatkan diri dari gempa bumi yang disusul oleh gelombang tsunami (kanan) Seorang wanita mengapung berpegangan di puing-puing kayu saat sedang disapu oleh tsunami di Banda Aceh. Seorang pria mencoba untuk menyelamatkannya namun kedua korban tersapu oleh arus dan meninggal seperti yang disaksikan oleh fotografer. / (left) Aceh residents pull out into the roads in order to save their lifes from the earthquake followed by tsunami wave. (right) A woman floats while holding wood debris when the tsunami in Banda Aceh occurs. A man tries to save her but both sacrifices are swept by the stream and died as witnessed by a photographer. FOTO: IST | FRANS DELLIAN

(kiri atas) Sebuah keluarga berusaha keluar ketika terperangkap genangan gelombang tsunami. (kanan atas) Dua orang pemuda berusaha menyelamatkan seorang bapak yang terseret gelombang tsunami di Simpang Lima, Banda Aceh, Minggu 26 Desember 2004. (bawah) Warga Aceh berusaha keluar dari genangan gelombang tsunami. Foto ini baru diperoleh kembali, hari Kamis (13/1/05), setelah seseorang mengantar kamera yang sempat hilang ketika bencana itu terjadi. / (top left) a family tries to escape when they are trapped by the tsunami. (top right) two teenagers try to save a man dragged by the tsunami wave in Simpang Lima, banda Aceh, on Sunday, December 26, 2004. (bottom) Aceh residents try to escape from the tsunami wave inundation. This picture has just been reobtained, on Thursday (13/1/05), after someone gave this camera that was disappeared when that disaster occurred. FOTO: SERAMBI/BEDU SAINI

kecepatan ini bertambah karena gelombang yang datang bertahap menyebabkan gelombang berikut seolah â&#x20AC;&#x153;mengendaraiâ&#x20AC;? gelombang sebelumnya. Sesuai Hukum II dan III Newton, gaya gesekan gelombang kedua berkurang karena tertopang gelombang perÂ tama, sehingga kecepatannya bertambah. Di Gampong Blang Oi, Kecamatan Meuraxa, misalnya, sekitar dua kilometer dari pantai, gelombang mencapai

was ten meter height. The height of wave is inversely proportional with the entry distance into heart of the city. However, the power did not reduce. Cause of this matter is that in 2004 the city planning of Banda Aceh was not designed well. Narrow streets, insufficient drainage and very tight building pressed to the center. So that when the wave came, the situation became as water flowing through a pipe: water as if pressed. This is the pressure causing the unreduced power.

Besarnya kekuatan gelombang Tsunami mampu menghempaskan tongkang Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Diesel milik PLN yang berbobot 2600 ton sejauh 6,5 Km. / The Tsunami wave force is able to pound a 2600 ton-barge of PLN-owned Diesel Power Plant to a 6.5 kilometer distance. FOTO: IST

tinggi sepuluh meter. Ketinggian gelombang berbanding terbalik dengan jarak masuknya ke jantung kota. Namun kekuatannya tidak berkurang. Hal ini karena pada tahun 2004 itu tata kota Banda Aceh tidak terancang dengan baik. Jalanan yang sempit, ketiadaan drainase yang memadai serta bangunan yang sangat rapat menghimpit ke tengah. Sehingga ketika gelombang datang situasinya menjadi seperti air yang melalui pipa: air bagaikan ditekan. Dan tekanan inilah yang menyebabkan kekuatannya tidak berkurang. Meski ketinggian air berangsur berkurang sehingga tinggal sekitar empat meter saat mencapai Pasar Aceh (delapan kilometer dari pantai), namun kekuatannya masih cukup untuk mendaratkan Kapal PLTD Apung yang semula tengah berlabuh di Ulee Lheue, secara perlahan dan mulus di perkampungan padat Punge Blang Cut (sekitar satu setengah kilometer sebelum Lapangan Blang Padang, Banda Aceh atau enam setengah kilometer dari laut).

Although the height of water gradually reduced so that it is only four meters when reaching Pasar Aceh (eight kilometer from the beach), but the power is still enough to land PLTD Apung Ship that was previously being anchored in Ulee Lheue, slowly and smoothly in a crowded village of Punge Blang Cut (approximately one and half kilometers before Blang Padang Field, Banda Aceh or six and half kilometers from the sea). As a magician action making hair on the nape of neck stand, in the period of minutes the tsunami changed Banda Aceh, Lhok Nga, Calang, Meulaboh and various cities as well as other villages along the west coast of Aceh to be an infertile land covered by ruins and corpses. Definite news on the devastated capital city and the west coast of Aceh had just been heard by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono who was in Papua after 23.00 oâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;clock. The Cause is the communication network with Aceh has broken down. Vice President Jusuf Kalla delegated the Minister of Communication

Dunia terhenyak dalam seketika Aceh porak-poranda oleh terjangan tsunami yang berasal dari Samudra Hindia. Tampak suasana Aceh setalah tsunami dan foto satelit yang menunjukan besarnya kehancuran dan luasnya area yang terkena tsunami. / The world shocked for a moment when Aceh was in a mesh because of the tsunami coming from the Indian Ocean. It is visible after tsunami and satelite pictures indicating the size of destruction and wide of area hitted by the tsunami. FOTO: IST

Bagaikan aksi sulap yang mendirikan bulu kuduk, dalam waktu berbilang menit tsunami mengubah Banda Aceh, Lhok Nga, Calang, Meulaboh dan berbagai kota serta desa lain di sepanjang pesisir barat Aceh menjadi dataran gersang bertabur puing dan mayat. Kabar pasti tentang luluh lantaknya ibu kota dan pesisir Barat Aceh baru diterima Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, saat itu tengah berada di Papua, setelah pukul 23.00. Hal ini karena komunikasi dengan Aceh putus total. Wakil Presiden Jusuf Kalla mengutus Menteri Kominfo Sofjan Djalil ke Aceh pada 27 Desember pagi. Sofjan Djalil segera mengonfirmasi kebenaran kabar tentang kehancuran Aceh setelah melihat sendiri dari jendela pesawat. “Banda Aceh hancur, Pak,” katanya dalam panggilan telepon ke Kalla. Wapres hanya mampu menggumam kan istighfar, berkali-kali, sementara mendengarkan laporan Menkominfo. “Hancur” adalah kata yang dramatis, namun tepat, untuk menggambarkan Aceh pasca tsunami. Ada

and Informatics Sofjan Djalili to Aceh on December 27 in the morning. Sofjan Djalili immediately informed the truth of the news on the destroyed Naggroe Aceh after he saw by himself from window of the plane. “Banda Aceh has been destroyed, Sir,” he said on the phone to Kalla. The Vice President was only able to pray for pardon (istighfar) repeatedly, while listening to the report from the Minister of Communications and Informatics. “be destroyed” is a dramatic, but exact word to illustrate the post-tsunami Aceh. Some humanitarian workers illustrated the situation at that time as: “It likes exploded by an atom bomb,” because it is similar to the view of Hiroshima City on August 6, 1945. He was criticized by the world society because of being slow. Within 24 hours President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono decided to receive international aids. As a consequence, three days later or on December 29, 2004 the US Aircraft Carrier USS Abraham Lincoln

Militer Sealift Command (MSC) kapal rumah sakit USNS Mercy (T-AH 19) beriringan dengan kapal induk USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72) milik Amerika Serikat setelah tiba lepas pantai Aceh. / Militer Sealift Command (MSC) of USNS Mercy hospital ship (T-AH 19) is followed by USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72) aircraft carrier owned by The United States of America after arrived in Aceh offshore. FOTO: GABRIEL R PIPER

Seekor gajah milik Kementerian Kehutanan diturunkan untuk memindahkan puingpuing di Banda Aceh. / An elephant owned by the Ministry of Forestry participates to move the ruins in Banda Aceh.FOTO. EUGENE HOSHIKO

pekerja kemanusiaan yang menggambarkan situasi saat itu sebagai: “Seperti habis dijatuhi bom atom,” karena kemiripannya dengan pemandangan Kota Hiroshima pada 6 Agustus 1945. Dikritik sebagai “lambat” oleh masyarakat Dunia, dalam waktu 24 jam Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudho yono memutuskan untuk menerima uluran tangan jagat internasional. Sebagai konsekuensinya, tiga hari kemudian atau tanggal 29 Desember 2004 kapal induk Amerika Serikat USS Abraham Lincoln tiba di lepas pantai Banda Aceh, dengan bantuan berupa Rumah Sakit (terapung), tenaga medis dan obat-obatan yang sangat dibutuhkan rakyat Aceh. US Navy ini kemudian diikuti pasukan militer beberapa negara sahabat lain seperti Jerman dan lain-lain.

arrived in Banda Aceh offshore, giving aids in the form of Hospital (floating), medical personnel and drugs needed by Aceh people. This US Navy was then followed by the military troops of some other friendly nations as German, etc. However, Indonesian Government only gave a three

(kiri) Masjid Baiturahman Lampuk yang masih berdiri bertahan dari terjangan tsunami. (kanan) Kapal nelayan tersangkut dirumah penduduk di Lampulo Aceh. Kini tempat tersebut dijadikan monumen Kapal Tsunami Aceh. / (left) Baiturahman Lampuk Mosque that still stands firm in the tsunami crashing. (right) a fishing boat is stucked fast in a resident’s house in Lampulo Aceh. Such place now becomes a Tsunami Boat monument. FOTO: IST

Namun Pemerintah Indonesia hanya memberikan batas waktu tinggal selama tiga bulan bagi pasukan militer asing ini berada di sana. Waktu yang diberikan ini dengan perkiraan bahwa selama masa tersebut akan ada upaya khusus Pemerintah Indonesia untuk meningkatkan kapaÂ sitas dalam menangani emergency relief di Aceh meÂlalui pemulihan jalur transportasi, komunikasi, dan sebagaiÂnya. Sebagai konsekuensi peningkatan tersebut akan terjadi facing down kebutuhan pasukan militer asing di Aceh.

month residence permit for these foreign troops there. The estimated time given is that during that period Indonesian Government would have special efforts to improve the capacity of handling emergency relief in Aceh through a recovery of transportation, communication lines, etc. as a consequence of such improvement, it would be a facing down of foreign military troop needs in Aceh.

Meski mendapat kritik internasional, pada tanggal 12 Januari 2005 Pemerintah Indonesia juga mengeluarkan keputusan tentang pembatasan ruang gerak jurnalis dan pekerja kemanusiaan asing sebagai antisipasi bentrokan dengan anggota Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM). Pemerintah juga menolak segala bentuk bantuan dari Israel. Ketiadaan hubungan diplomatik dengan Negara zionis itu menjadi alasan Pemerintah Indonesia untuk menolak bantuan dari mereka.

Although it obtained international critics on January 12, 2005 Indonesian Government also made a decision on the limit of moving space to foreign journalist and humanitarian workers as an anticipation of clash with members of Free Aceh Movement (GAM). The government also rejected any form of aids from Israel. No diplomatic relation with that Zionist Country became the reason why Indonesian Government rejected their aids.

Para pemimpin ASEAN bertemu di KTT ASEAN membahas tsunami samudra hindia yang diselenggarakan pada 6 Januari 2005 di Jakarta. / The ASEAN leaders meet in the ASEAN Summit held on January 6, 2005 in Jakarta in which it discussed about tsunami in the Indian Ocean. FOTO: IST

Solidaritas Internasional

International Solidarity

Langkah awal bantuan internasional di Aceh diikuti Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi (KTT) ASEAN tentang tsunami, di Jakarta Convention Centre (JCC). Dihadiri peserta dari seluruh negara anggota ASEAN ditambah Jepang, Cina, Korea Selatan, India, Srilanka, Maladewa, Australia, Selandia Baru, Kanada, Amerika Serikat, Uni Eropa, dan Komisi Eropa serta lembaga Internasional seperti PBB, WHO, Unicef, World Bank, ADB, tapi tak ada perwakilan negara Arab dan Islam. Ketidakhadiran negara-negara Islam ini karena tidak ada undangan dari Pemerintah Indonesia, yang sempat memunculkan reaksi kekecewaan dari negara-negara terkait.

The initial step of international aids in Aceh was followed by the ASEAN Summit on tsunami in Jakarta Convention Center (JCC). It was attended by participants from all over the ASEAN members plus Japan, China, South Korea, India, Sri Lanka, Maladewa, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United States of America, European Unions, and European Commission as well as International Institutions such as the United Nations, WHO, Unicef, World Bank, ADB, but there was no representatives of Arab and Islam States. The Islam States did not attend because of no invitation from Indonesian Government it briefly caused a

Organisasi bantuan Saudi Arabia mendistribusikan bantuan kepada para pengungsi di Banda Aceh.(14/01/2005). / The Relief Organization-Saudi Arabia distributes aids to the evacuees in Banda Aceh (14/01/2005). FOTO: JOHN VINK

Namun tak urung negara-negara Islam itu pun mengalirkan juga bantuan ke Aceh. Kerajaan Arab Saudi, misalnya, menghibahkan 30 juta USD sementara dana rakyatnya yang terhimpun untuk Aceh sejumlah Rp 1 triliun. Kuwait menganggarkan 10 juta USD dan membantu Indonesia membangun perumahan bagi penyintas tsunami. Demikian juga Turki, Qatar dan Oman. Khusus Kuwait, negara ini menyumbangkan sesuatu yang sebenarnya sangat berharga, yaitu instalasi pengolahan air laut menjadi air tawar, yang didirikan di Pantai Cermin, Ulee Lheue, Banda Aceh. Instalasi ini, pada masa jayanya, sanggup mengolah 1.320 m3/hari dan menghasilkan air siap minum

disappointing reaction from the related countries. However, those Islam countries gave aids to Aceh as well. Saudi Arabia Kingdom, for example, granted US$30 million, whilst its society fund collected to Aceh is Rp 1 billion. Kuwait budgeted US$10 million and helped Indonesia to develop housings for survivors from the tsunami. It is likewise Turkey, Qatar and Oman. Particularly Kuwait, this State donated actually very precious something, namely installation of sea water process to be freshwater, established in Cermin Beach, Elee Lheue, Banda Aceh. In its prime, this installation was able to process 1320

Tentara Amerika mendistibusikan bantuan melalui udara dengan menggunakah helikopter MH60S Knighthawk ke berbagai desa yang terisolasi akibat rusaknya insfrastruktur di Aceh. / American soldiers distribute aids by air using MH-60S Knighthawk helicopter across to villages isolated because of the damaged infrastructure in Aceh. FOTO: USNAVY

sebanyak 350 m3/hari. Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan air minum warga di Kecamatan Meuraxa instalasi penyulingan ini bekerja delapan jam setiap hari. Instalasi penyulingan air laut itu merupakan satusatunya di Indonesia dan sebetulnya adalah sumbangan yang sangat berharga, terutama dilihat dari nilai sustainability atau kelangsungannya.

m3/day and produced ready-to-drink water of 350 m3/ day. In order to fulfill drinking water needs of residents in Meuraxa Sub-district, this installed distillation worked eight hours every day. The installed distillation of sea water is the only one in Indonesia and it is actually a very precious donation, particularly if calculated in the value of sustainability or continuance.

Sayangnya, tidak ada usaha pemeliharaan yang serius dari Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh terhadap fasilitas ini sehingga dengan cepat fasilitas penyulingan air laut ini terbengkalai dan tidak berfungsi lagi. Seperti gedung berhantu berdiri sunyi di bibir Pantai Cermin.

Unfortunately, there was no a serious maintenance done by Banda Aceh City Government to this facility, so that this seawater distillation facility was quickly neglected and not functioned anymore. It is as a haunted building silently standing at Cermin Shoreline.

(kiri) Iring-iringan armada truk M6 Norwegia tiba di daerah tsunami. Operasi tsunami adalah salah satu manuver logistik terbesar dalam sejarah Federasi Internasional. (tengah) Iring-iringan truk menyeberangi jembatan yang baru saja di rekonstruksi di dekat Banda Aceh sementara jembatan sebelumnya hancur tergeletak disampingnya akibat terjangan tsunami. (kanan) Hovercraft atau Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC) milik Angkatan Laut Amerika mendaratkan bantuan bagi penduduk kota Meulaboh yang selamat pada 10 Januari 2005. FOTO: RAQAIYANI/IFRC | USNAVY | CHRIS BISHOP

Usaha dalam bidang diplomasi oleh Pemerintah Indonesia masih disusul lagi resume yang dibawakan pada Sidang Majelis Umum PBB di New York tanggal 18 Januari 2005 yang membahas “Strengthening Emergency Relief, Rehabilitation, Reconstruction and Prevention in the Aftermath of Tsunami Disaster”. Sidang ini menghasilkan resolusi yang isinya mendukung hasil KTT ASEAN di Jakarta.

Dari empat belas negara terimbas, Indonesia menanggung kerusakan terdahsyat dengan jumlah korban meninggal tercatat 130.136 orang. Sekitar 95.000 dinyatakan hilang dan setengah juta orang kehilangan tempat tinggal. Seluruh infrastruktur di kawasan Pantai Barat Aceh hancur lebur dan garis pantai ada yang mundur hingga satu kilometer. Dana miliaran USD yang dikumpulkan negara-negara sahabat untuk Negara korban tsunami, 74 persen mengalir ke Indonesia. Dana yang sekian banyak itu, belum terhitung dana dari individu bereputasi internasional seperti Jacky Chen, misalnya. Tentu akan menimbulkan kekacauan bila tidak dikelola dengan baik. Karena itu Presiden

A Diplomacy attempted by Indonesian Government was still followed by a resume provided in the General Assembly Session of the United Nations in New York on January 18, 2005 discussing â&#x20AC;&#x153;Strengthening Emergency Relief, Rehabilitation, Reconstruction and Prevention in the Aftermath of Tsunami Disasterâ&#x20AC;?. This session produced a resolution, the content of which supported the result of the ASEAN Summit in Jakarta. From the fourteen countries affected, Indonesia suffered great damage causing 130,136 deaths, about 95,000 missing people and half a million people who had lost their houses. All infrastructures in the West Coast area of Aceh were destroyed and there was a shore line that was withdrawn

(left) Convoy of Norway M6 truck fleet arrives in the area of tsunami. Tsunami operation is one of the largest logistic manuver in the history of the International Federation. (middle) Convoy of truck crosses a bridge that has just been reconstructed near Banda Aceh, while the previous bridge lying on the side of the later was broken because of the tsunami. (right) The US Navi-owned Hovercraft or Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC) gives aids once again to the survivors of Meulaboh on January 10, 2005.

Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono membentuk panitia khusus penanganan tsunami, yaitu Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Aceh-Nias (selanjutnya diringkas dan populer dengan nama BRR Aceh-Nias). Menurut catatan Kementerian Luar Negeri RI, ada 109 organisasi nirlaba internasional masuk ke Indonesia. Mereka bukan hanya menolong manusia, namun juga

up to one kilometer. 74 percent of USD billions fund collected by the friendly countries for the State of tsunami victims was allocated to Indonesia. Those funds is not included the fund from international-reputation individual as Jacky Chen, for example. Of course, it would cause chaos if it was not managed well. Therefore, President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono formed a special committee handling tsunami, namely Aceh-Nias Rehabilitation and

Keluarga Damizi untuk pertama kalinya kembali ke rumah mereka yang hancur di Puge Jurong di luar Banda Aceh. Ribuan keluarga kehilangan harta benda dan anggota keluarga akibat terjangan tsunami yanag menimpa Aceh. / Damizi family for the first time returns to their destroyed house in Puge Jurong outside Banda Aceh. Thousands of families have lost their properties and family members because of the tsunami hitting Aceh. FOTO: IST

fauna dan flora yang kemungkinan besar terimbas pula oleh bencana tsunami. Di antara NPO (nonprofit organizations) lingkungan hidup yang masuk Indonesia misalnya RARE (Rare Animal Relief Efforts), Orangutan Foundation dan sebagainya. Aceh yang sempat tertutup dan tercabik konflik kemanuÂ siaan selama hampir setengah abad, kini bagaikan a giant melting pot, wajan raksasa tempat segala bangsa berbaur, dengan satu tujuan: membantu Aceh bangkit. Generasi muda Aceh mendapat kesempatan luas untuk bergaul dengan berbagai bangsa dan berbagai ras, yang otomatis lebih membuka wawasan. Ternyata selain membawa kepiluan, tsunami juga membawa rahmat tersembunyi. Berbagai kawasan di Aceh yang semula belum mencicipi nikmat kemodernan seperti fasilitas kesehatan layak, pasca tsunami mereka pun menÂ dapatÂkannya. Demikian juga halnya dengan pendidikan, infrastruktur penunjang ekonomi, bahkan sarana rekreasi dalam bentuk berbagai taman bermain bagi anak-anak. Berkah lainnya adalah gencatan senjata antara GAM

Reconstruction Agency (further abbreviated and be popular as BRR Aceh-Nias). According to the notes of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of RI, there are 109 international non-profit organizations entering into Indonesia. They did not only help human but also fauna and flora that were possibly affected by the tsunami disaster. The nonprofit organizations entering into Indonesia are among others RARE (Rare Animal Relief Efforts), Orangutan Foundation, etc. Aceh that was ever closed and torn because of humanitarian conflict for almost half a century, is now as a giant melting pot, a giant pot in which all nations blended with one goal: to help Aceh to rise. Aceh young generations obtained plenty of opportunity to interact with various nations and races that automatically opened better insight. It turned out that besides it gave heartache, tsunami also gave a hidden grace. Various areas in Aceh that previously had not yet obtained an enjoyable modernity such as

dan RI, yang merupakan angin sejuk bagi suhu politik Aceh yang selama beberapa dekade selalu mendidih. Dalam press briefing tanggal 14 Januari 2004, menjawab pertanyaan media asing tentang pemrakarsa cease fire, Departemen Luar Negeri RI menyebutkan bahwa Indonesia lebih dulu secara terbuka mengimbau GAM agar bersama-sama dengan Pemerintah dan rakyat Indonesia bekerja menanggulangi bencana kemanu足 siaan di Aceh sebagaimana diserukan Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono pada hari kedua setelah bencana. Setelah pencapaian yang positif tersebut, setahun kemudian apa yang sebelumnya tampak mustahil akhirnya terwujud: penandatanganan nota kesepa足 haman atau Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) antara Pemerintah RI dan GAM di Helsinki, Finlandia, yang dimotori oleh Martti Ahtisari. Isi MoU, antara lain, adalah pemenuhan otonomi khusus untuk Aceh, perlucutan senjata GAM, penarikan pasukan non足 organik di Aceh, partai lokal serta pendirian Aceh Moni足 toring Mission (AMM) yang dipantau oleh seluruh dunia.

sufficient health facilities, obtained after the tsunami. They are also education, infrastructure supporting economy, even recreation facility in the form of various playgrounds for children. Another wisdom is cease fire between GAM and RI, in which it is cool breeze for Aceh political temperature that was always boiling for several decades. In the press briefing on January 14, 2004, in answering the questions of foreign media regarding the initiator of cease fire, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of RI said that Indonesia openly appealed GAM together with Indonesian Government and people worked to overcome the humanitarian disaster in Aceh as called by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono on the second day after the disaster. After getting positive reach, a year later what previously appeared impossibly, it was finally realized: signing of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Government of RI and GAM in Helsinki, Finland driven

Korban selamat mulai menata kembali hidup mereka dan memperbarui barang-barang yang hancur. / The survivors begin to arrange their lifes and repair their destroyed properties. FOTO: John Vink

Korban luka tsunami menerima perawatan medis di pangkalan udara Sultan Iskandar Muda, Siap diterbangkan menuju rumah sakit (5/01/05). / The injuries of tsunami receive medical treatment in Sultan Iskandar Muda airbase, are ready to be flown to a hospital (5/01/05). FOTO: USNAVY

The University of Notre Dame, Indiana, Amerika Serikat, (alumnusnya antara lain mantan Menlu AS Condoleeza Rice) mengeluarkan PAM (Peace Accords Matrix), semacam catatan ringkas tentang implementasi MoU Helsinki antara GAM dan RI. Matrix yang dibuat UND itu menunjukkan bahwa dari 2005 hingga 2014 tidak ada pelanggaran gencatan senjata dan bahwa perdamaian telah terwujud. Universitas Notre Dame memberikan nilai 85 persen untuk penerapan MoU dan perdamaian. Redanya konflik bersenjata yang usianya telah puluhan tahun itu membuat seluruh Aceh bagai dapat bernafas lega kembali. Rekonstruksi infrastruktur sekaligus pembangunan di segala bidang mulai berdenyut kencang. Dan yang terpenting adalah, energi seluruh bangsa turut terbangkitkan. Indonesia yang menangis mengerahkan segala daya untuk memulihkan Aceh. Selain infrastruktur yang hancur, ribuan dokumen menyangkut penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Aceh juga turut lenyap. Pada masa tanggap darurat, dokuÂ men yang paling penting untuk dipulihkan menyangkut pertanahan. Maka Arsip Nasional RI bekerja sama dengan Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN), JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency), Tokyo Reservation and Conservation Center serta Japan International Cooperation System berhasil menyelamatkan 80mÂł arsip/dokumen pertanahan BPN Aceh.

by Martti Ahtisari. Content of MoU is the fulfillment of special autonomy to Aceh, disarmament of GAM, non-organic extraction in Aceh, local party and establishment of Aceh Monitoring Mission (AMM) monitored by all over the world. The University of Notre Dame, Indiana, the United States of America, (its alumni among others former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the US Condoleeza Rice) issued PAM (Peace Accords Matrix), as resume about the implementation of MoU Helsinki between GAM and RI. The matrix made by that UND indicates that from 2005 to 2014 there had no breach of cease fire and the peace has been realized. the University of Notre Dame gave by 85 percent for the application of MoU and Peace. The appeasement of armed conflict that was tens of years has made Aceh to breathe properly. The reconstruction of infrastructure and development in all fields begin to throb strongly. The important thing is energy of all nations is also aroused. The crying Indonesia used all powers to recover Aceh. Besides destroyed infrastructure, thousands of documents relating the implementation of Aceh Government were also lost. At the time of emergency response, the most important document to be recovered relates to land affairs. The National Archive

Meski dikabarkan Presiden Amerika Serikat saat itu, George W. Bush dan Menteri Luar Negerinya, Colin Powell, kesal pada pernyataan Wakil Sekretaris Jendral PBB bidang Urusan Kemanusiaan Jan Egeland bahwa sumbangan/kontribusi Amerika Serikat dan Negara-negara kaya pada usaha membantu negaranegara korban tsunami sebagai “pelit”, tak urung Negara adidaya itu, melalui United States Agency for International Development (USAID), menyetujui pendanaan untuk pembangunan kembali jalan raya antara Meulaboh dan Banda Aceh dengan nilai proyek sebesar 250 juta dolar Amerika Serikat. Ruas jalan yang membentang di pesisir barat Aceh itu kini menjadi kebanggaan orang Aceh.

of RI cooperates with the National Land Affairs Body (BPN), JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency), Tokyo Reservation and Conservation Center as well as Japan International Cooperation System has succeeded to save 80 m3 archives/land affairs document of BPN Aceh. Although it is reported that the then US President George W. Bush and the Minister of Foreign Affairs Colin Powell, regretted the statement from Vice Secretary General of the United Nations (PBB) in the division of Humanitarian Affairs Jan Egeland that the contribution of the US and rich countries in order to help the countries of tsunami victim is “stingy”, that super

Pertolongan medis diberikan bagi korban yang terluka baik di tenda darurat maupun diterbangkan dengan helikopter menuju rumah sakit. / A medical treatment given to the injuries living in emergency tents and flown by a helicopter to a hospital. FOTO: USNAVY

Sementara itu, Pelabuhan Ulee Lheue dibangun kembali dengan bantuan Pemerintah Australia dan UNDP (United Nations Development Program), sedangkan pembangunan Pelabuhan Meulaboh diasisteni oleh Pemerintah dan Palang Merah Singapura. Di Aceh Barat Daya, dimana dampak tsunami 2004 tidak sedahsyat di wilayah lain, Pemerintah Korea Selatan membantu pengembangan dan pembangunan Rumah Sakit Umum Teungku Peukan serta Sekolah Dasar Tunas Aceh Barat Daya, yang kemudian lebih populer dengan sebutan ”Rumah Sakit dan SD Korea.” Di Banda Aceh, Pemerintah Jerman melalui GTZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit, German Agency for Technical Cooperation) menghibahkan dana sebesar €24 juta (lebih kurang Rp 24 miliar) untuk membangun Rumah Sakit Umum Zainoel Abidin.

power Country through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) inevitably agreed the funding of re-development of highway between Meulaboh and Banda Aceh under the project value of 250 million US dollar. The link developed at the west coast of Aceh now becomes the pride of Aceh people. Whilst Ulee Lheue Port was redeveloped with the aid of Australian Government and UNDP (the United Nations Development Program), the development of Meulaboh Port was assisted by Singapore Government and Red Cross. To Southwest Aceh, in which impact of the 2004 tsunami was not as terrible as in other areas, South Korea Government aided the expansion and development of Teungku Peukan General Hospital and Tunas Southwest Aceh Elementary School that is then

(kiri atas) Korban Tsunami harus berjalan puluhan kilometer untuk mencapai camp-camp pengungsian demi mendapatkan bantuan. (kiri bawah) Pandangan udara menunjukkan sebuah kamp untuk pengungsi tsunami, di kota pesisir Meulaboh, Aceh. (kanan) sebuah keluarga bekerjasama memasang tenda UNICEF sebagai tempat tinggal sementara mereka. / (top lef) The victims must walk tens of kilometers to reach evacuee camps for the purpose of aids. (bottom left) viewed from the sky it indicates a tsunami evacuee camp, in Meulaboh coastal town, Aceh. (right) a family cooperates with UNICEF to pitch their temporary tent. FOTO: UNICEF

Relawan dari berbagai lembaga kemanusiaan dan pemerintah berdatangan dari berbagai penjuru dunia untuk memberikan bantuan kepada masyarakat aceh yang terdampak paling parah dari tragedi tsunami 26 Desember 2015. / Volunteers from various humanitarian and governmental agencies come from around the world to provide Aceh community hit the severe impact of tsunami tragedy on December 26, 2015 with aid. FOTO: IST

Pembangunan yang dilakukan pasca Tsunami 2004 ini menggema dengan slogan ”building back better,” membangun (yang) lebih baik. Maksud semboyan ini cukup jelas, yaitu apa yang sudah hilang diambil tsu nami akan dibangun kembali, bahkan dengan lebih baik dari semula. Tiga tahun setelah tsunami, dengan alat-alat berat masih kerap terlihat menderu di jalan-jalan, dengan Jalan Raya Banda Aceh-Meulaboh belum rampung sehingga di beberapa tempat mobil penumpang harus mengendarai rakit, Aceh perlahan bangkit kembali. Mengingat dahsyatnya bencana yang menimpa Tanah Rencong, layak kiranya kenangan para pekerja kemanusiaan tentang Aceh berkisar di seputar kehancuran dan kepiluan. Namun nyatanya, sejak hari pertama setelah bencana, kemampuan Aceh dan orang Aceh dalam mengatasi pedihnya kehilangan membuat seluruh dunia tercengang.

more popular as “Korea Hospital and Elementary School”. In Banda Aceh, German Government through GTZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit, German Agency for Technical Cooperation) granted fund of €24 million (more or less Rp 24 billion) to build Zainoel Abidin General Hospital. The developments occurred after this 2004 Tsunami reverberated with slogan “building back better”. Purpose of this slogan is extremely clear, that is what has been lost because of the tsunami will be rebuilt, even better than before. Three years after the tsunami, heavy devices which were often run on the roads because Banda Aceh=Meulaboh Highway had not yet been finished so that at several places, passenger vehicles had to ride a raft, Aceh has risen slowlyThree years after the tsunami, heavy devices which were often run on the roads because Banda Aceh=Meulaboh Highway had not yet been finished so that at several places, passenger vehicles had to ride a raft, Aceh has risen slowly. In view of the terrible disaster hitting Tanah Rencong, it is proper that humanitarian workers have a memory for the ruin and heartache of Aceh. In fact, since the first day after the disaster, ability of Aceh and Aceh people overcoming the pain of loss has astonished peoples all over the world.

Hari-hari pertama setelah tsunami: Aceh dalam kenangan Seorang ilmuwan asal New Zealand, Dr. Noel Trustum, memperoleh inspirasi yang luar biasa dari ketabahan orang Aceh. Dr. Noel Trustum tengah berjuang melawan kanker ketika ia menulis buku tentang pemulihan Aceh setelah tsunami. Menurut Dr. Trustum menulis buku itu telah menjadi semacam terapi baginya. Keteguhan orang Aceh mengilhaminya untuk tidak berputus asa dan terus berjuang mengatasi penyakitnya. Pekerja kemanusiaan lain, Pedro-Luis Rojo, Kepala Kantor Regional ECHO (European Community Humanitarian aid Office) di Bangkok, mengatakan, ”... kehancuran yang saya saksikan sungguh luar biasa. Sampai beberapa kilometer di daratan, segalanya lebur, diratakan oleh tsunami, sementara ratusan jena zah masih dievakuasi dari gunungan puing.” Senor Pedro-Luis Rojo adalah seorang pekerja kemanu siaan, ia terbiasa menghadapi situasi yang mengejutkan. Namun ketika ia mendarat di Banda Aceh, dua pekan setelah tsunami, tak urung hatinya tercekat.

Sejumlah relawan bekerja mengelola logistik dan tenda bantuan UNICEF di posko kemanusiaan yang didirikan oleh Marinir. FOTO: UNICEF

“Hanya dalam tempo beberapa menit, ratusan ribu orang kehilangan sanak saudara, kawan, tetangga, dan seluruh harta miliknya…. Sebagai pekerja kema nusiaan, saya punya pengalaman cukup banyak, di berbagai belahan dunia; namun skala tragedi kemanusiaan yang terjadi di Aceh ini sungguh sangat jauh melampaui semua yang pernah saya saksikan,” tulisnya dalam “Ten years ago I was deployed to the tsunami-hit city of Banda Aceh” yang dipublikasikan dalam blog Uni Eropa.

The first days after tsunami: in remembrance of Aceh

Banda Aceh saat itu, tentu saja, masih dalam keadaan ‘sureal’ dengan jalan-jalan dipenuhi berbagai sampah, kapal-kapal yang terdampar dan ribuan jenazah. Di sela-sela keterpanaan menyaksikan kiamat kecil itu, senor Rojo mengatakan bahwa ada banyak hal yang takkan pernah dilupakannya selama bertugas di Aceh. Salah satunya dan yang nomor satu, katanya, adalah:

Another humanitarian worker Pedro-Luis Rojo, Regional Office Chief of ECHO (European Community Humanitarian aid Office) in Bangkok said, “…the ruin I watch is really incredible. Up to some kilometer in the land, all of them are smelted, flattened by tsunami, whilst hundreds of corpses are still evacuated from the pile of debris.”

A scientist from New Zealand, Dr. Noel Trustum, got an extraordinary inspiration from Aceh People’s boldness. Dr. Noel Trustum was fighting against cancer when he wrote a book about Aceh recovery after tsunami. According to Dr. Trustum, writing that book has been a therapy for him. Aceh people’s boldness has inspired him not to be despair and to continue struggling for the purpose of overcoming his disease.

Senor Pedro-Luis Rojo is a humanitarian worker; he has accustomed to face shocking situations. However, when he landed in Banda Aceh, two weeks after the tsunami, his heart is inevitably astonished. “Only within several minutes, hundreds of thousands of people have lost their families, friends, neighborhoods, and all of their properties…… as a humanitarian worker, I have lots of experience from around the world; however, the humanitarian tragedy scale occurred in Aceh has really exceeded all I have seen,” his writing in “Ten years ago I was deployed to the tsunami-hit city of Banda Aceh” published in a European Union blog.

A number of volunteers work to manage UNICEF-aided logistics and tents at humanitarian posts established by Marine.

”ketabahan yang luar biasa dari orang Aceh membuat saya kagum; kemampuan mereka untuk bangkit dari keterpurukan dan melanjutkan kehidupan, setelah dihantam bencana yang skalanya sedemikian besar, sangat menakjubkan.” Berbagai kesaksian dari para penyintas yang membuat kita tahu betapa dahsyatnya tsunami Desember 2004, juga turut menjadi pembenar pernyataan Senor Rojo, bahwa orang Aceh sangat tabah dan memiliki kemampuan bertahan yang tinggi. Tanpa kemampuan survival berupa ketahanan jiwa seperti itu, kebangkitan Aceh tentu akan makan waktu jauh lebih lama. Dalam kurun waktu lima tahun, 2004-2009, yaitu batas waktu yang diberikan Pemerintah Indonesia pada lembaga donor asing untuk berada di Indonesia, sekitar 800 organisasi nirlaba non pemerintah, lembaga

Of course, at that time the Banda Aceh was still in a ‘surreal’ condition with roads filled with wastes, ships stranded and thousands of corpses. At the breaks of ascertaining amazingly that small doomsday, Senor Rojo said that there were many things that would never be forgotten while on duty in Aceh. He said one of them and number one is: “…… Aceh people’s extraordinary boldness makes me impressed; their ability to rise from adversity and continue the life, after hit the big-scale disaster, is very fabulous.” Various witnesses of survivors making us know that how powerful the tsunami in December 2004 is very dreadful also confirm Senor Rojo’s statement, that Aceh people are very tough and have great ability to survive. Without survival ability in the form of mental resilience like that, the revival of Aceh must need longer time. Within the period of five years, 2004-2009, that is the time limit provided by Indonesian Government to foreign donor institution existing in Indonesia, approximately 800 non-profit non-government organi zations, joint institution and donor countries allocated around US$6.7 million to Indonesia, that is almost all of the fund collected from all over the world in order to aid tsunami-hit countries Within the period of five

gabungan dan negara-negara donor menjadikan tercurahnya sekitar 6,7 juta USD ke Indonesia, yaitu nyaris seluruhnya dari dana yang digalang dunia guna membantu negara-negara korban tsunami. Berbagai hal telah dijalankan guna membantu pemuli han Aceh dan penduduknya. Pembangunan rumah tinggal, sarana umum seperti sekolah, jalan-jalan dan rumah ibadah, juga bantuan non fisik seperti berbagai pelatihan dan konseling kejiwaan ada di mana-mana. Sebagian besar berupa kisah sukses yang berakhir baik, dimana proyek selesai dan diterima oleh pihak yang memang berhak. Sebagian lain adalah kisah perjuangan, atau ketergesaan, dimana bantuan yang diberikan ternyata salah sasaran atau kurang mengena, karena kurangnya pemahaman atas situasi lapangan.

years, 2004-2009, that is the time limit provided by Indonesian Government to foreign donor institution existing in Indonesia, approximately 800 non-profit non-government organizations, joint institution and donor countries allocated around US$6.7 million to Indonesia, that is almost all of the fund collected from all over the world in order to aid tsunami-hit countries. Various things have been performed in order to aid Aceh recovery and its populations. Development of residential houses, public facilities such as schools, roads and houses of worship, non-physical aids such as psychiatric training and counseling are also everywhere. Most parts are successful stories with happy ending in which the project had been finished and received by the parties having the right of it. Another

Hal ini terabadikan dalam kenangan para insinyur, lokal dan asing, yang membangun Jalan Raya Banda Aceh-Calang. Jalan Raya Banda Aceh-Calang, proyek raksasa berdana 250 juta USD yang dikelola USAID adalah perjuangan yang paling lama dan panjang. Sesuai panjangnya proyek yang membentang sepanjang 150 kilometer menyusuri Pantai Barat Aceh. Hingga beberapa lama, jalan raya ini hanya berupa jalan tanah selebar 12 meter yang sangat licin saat hujan dan berdebu di musim kemarau. ”Ada banyak masalah,” kata Wahyu Purnama, Manajer Konstruksi WIKA, kontraktor Indonesia yang dipercaya USAID menangani proyek. “Saya sudah pernah bekerja pada proyek asing di seluruh Indonesia. Beberapa adalah proyek yang sangat sangat besar, termasuk proyek jalan ray a. Tapi saya belum pernah menemui hal seperti ini.” Yang dimaksudkan oleh Purnama adalah tantangan dari masyarakat sekitar. “Misalnya, saya minta dibawakan material sejumlah sekian. Nanti pada saat mengantarkan pesanan

Sejumlah prajurit TNI dan pengungsi menurunkan air bersih dalam kemasan dari helikopter milik TNI. / A number of TNI soldiers and evacuees lower packed-clean water from TNI-owned helicopter. FOTO: IST

saya itu, orang membawakannya dua kali lebih banyak daripada yang saya minta,” jelas Purnama, menggelengkan kepala dengan sikap tak percaya. “Tapi kami tak punya pilihan, kami bayar saja semua itu. Sebab kalau tidak, mereka (masyarakat sekitar) akan menutup jalan dan mengganggu konstruksi.”

part is the story of struggle, or rush, in which the aid provided turned out that it missed the target or it did not hit the target, because of the lack of understanding of field situation.

Ada juga masalah pembebasan lahan.

This matter has been remembered forever by domestic and foreign engineers building Banda Aceh-Calang Highway.

Dalam banyak kasus, pembangunan jalan ini tertunda hingga berbulan-bulan bahkan hingga bertahun lamanya karena surat-surat kepemilikan tanah dan batas-batasnya telah lenyap ditelan tsunami, atau bahkan memang tidak pernah ada. Para pemilik tanah yang kebetulan memiliki surat-surat dan dokumentasi sebagian besar telah menjadi korban tsunami juga.

Banda Aceh-Calang Highway that is a giant project having US$250 million fund managed by USAID is the longest struggle. According to the long of project it is 150 kilometer along Aceh West Coast. Until several times, this highway is only in the form of 12 meter soil road that is very slippery at the time of rain and dusty at the time of dry season. “There are a lot of problem,” Wahyu Purnama said, Construction Manager of WIKA, Indonesian contractor trusted by USAID to handle the project. “I have ever worked in foreign projects throughout Indonesia. Several are very big project, including highway projects. However, I never encounter the matter like this.” Meant by Purnama is a challenge of the local community. “For example, I ordered for certain amount of materials. When they delivered my order, they brought so twice more than what I ordered,” Purnama explained, while shaking his head with being skepticism. “But we did not have choice, we paid all of them. Because if not, they (local community) would closed the road and disrupted the construction.” There is also the problem of land acquisition.

berbagai bantuan nasional maupun internasional masuk melalui pangkalan udara Sutan Iskandar Muda. / Various national and international aids come through Sutan Iskandar Muda airbase. FOTO: USNAVY

In many cases, development of this road was delayed up to months even years because land certificates and its limits had lost in tsunami, or even it never exists. Most of the land owners by chance having certificates and documentations became tsunami victims as well.

Tim SAR Singapura melakukan pencarian korban ditengah reruntuhan. / Singapore SAR Team searches for evacuees amid the ruins. FOTO: Courtesy of

Singapore Civil Defence Force.

“Begitu banyak tantangan,” ujar Walter North, Direktur Program USAID. “Awalnya kami pikir kalau masyarakat internasional menyambut dengan baik, seperti sebelum ini, dan kalau perdamaian dapat menjadi hadiah terbesar dari berkah bencana maha dahsyat ini, maka dengan semangat yang seperti itu mestinya membangun jalan raya ini akan mudah saja. Tapi, ternyata hidup tidak sesederhana itu.” Guna membantu program reintegrasi mantan kombatan GAM ke dalam masyarakat, USAID mempe kerjakan sebagian dari mereka sebagai subkontraktor, pemasok bahan baku atau pengerjaan awal. Ternyata satu kelompok bersitegang dengan kelompok lain, karena menginginkan pekerjaan yang sama. Ter paksalah pihak WIKA-USAID bernegosiasi ulang, kadang hingga berminggu-minggu, yang tentu saja menghambat pembangunan. “Tapi kami tetap optimis,” kata Walter North. “Jalan ini akan selesai, dan akan menjadi pendongkrak ekonomi Pantai Barat Aceh, yang selama ini terbengkalai.” Kini, bila kita hendak ke Meulaboh dari Banda Aceh melalui Pantai Barat, maka kita akan melalui jalan raya megah yang penyelesaiannya ternyata memakan waktu lebih dari lima tahun itu. Pemandangan pantai laut yang indah mengawal di tepi jalan sebelah kanan, tebing dan hutan menjulang di kiri. Tampaknya

“There are a lot of challenges,” Walter North said, Program Director of USAID. “In the beginning we thought that international society would quite welcome, as previously, and if the peace may become the biggest gift from the blessing of this terrible disaster, with spirit like that the development of this highway should be easy. But a life is not as simple as that.” In order to help the reintegration program of former combatants of GAM into community, USAID hired a part of them as sub-contractors, raw material or early work suppliers. It turned out that a group persevered with the other, because it wanted the same job. WIKAUSAID party was forced to re-negotiate, sometimes until weeks; of course, it hampered the development. “But we remain to be optimist,” Walter North said. “This road will be finished, and become economic booster of Aceh West Coast during this time it has been neglected.” Now, if we want to go to Meulaboh from Banda Aceh through the West Coast, we will pass a proud higheway, the completion of which has needed time more than five years. The beautiful beach view accompanies along the right roadside, cliff and forest stretched at the left side. It appears that the optimism of USAID engineers has come true for a part. Robin Davies (in 2004 assuming office as Associate

optimisme para insinyur USAID, untuk sebagian, telah menjadi kenyataan. Robin Davies (pada tahun 2004 menjabat sebagai Associate Director of the Development Policy Centre dan Minister Counsellor for Development Cooperation di Kedutaan Besar Australia di Jakarta), mengingat Banda Aceh pasca tsunami sebagai sebuah kota “yang terbagi dua secara aneh.” Daerah di sepanjang pesisir yang terlanda tsunami, katanya, sampai beberapa kilometer ke daratan, tampak seperti “baru dimasukkan ke dalam blender” yang ada hanya kehancuran. Sedangkan di sisi lain, kehidupan berlangsung terus seolah tak ada apa pun yang terjadi.”

Director of the Development Policy Centre and Minister Counsellor for Development Cooperation in the Australian Embassy in Jakarta), remembers that Banda Aceh after tsunami is as a city “divided into two strangely.” Region along the coast hit by tsunami, he said, up to several kilometers to the land, it appears as “has just been included into a blender” there is only destruction. Whilst on the other hand, life continues going through as if nothing happened.” The advantage, this condition makes survivors and humanitarian workers have shelter as well. Most of international organization coming on the first day were forced to crowd in IOM (International Organization

(kiri atas) Tentara Australia mengevakuasi pengungsi dari lokasi bencana di Banda Aceh menuju Medan menggunakan pesawat Hercules. (kanan atas) Tentara Jerman menurunkan bantuan berupa obat-obatan dari atas truk. (kiri bawah) Juan Carlos Soria (kiri) dan Hector "El Chino" Mendez Pekerja SAR dari Meksiko City berdoa secara islam untuk jenazah yang mereka temukan di Banda Aceh. (kanan bawah) Petugas penyelamat China membantu mengumpulkan jenazah di Banda Aceh (3/01/05). / (top left) Australian soldiers evacuate the evacuees from the disaster location in Banda Aceh to Medan by means of Hercules aircraft. (top right) German soldiers lower the drugs aid from a truck. (bottom left) Juan Carlos Soria (left) and Hector “El Chino” Mendez, a SAR worker from Mexico City have Islamic prayer for corpses which are found in Banda Aceh. (bottom right) The China Rescuers help to collect corpses in Banda Aceh (3/01/05). FOTO: IST

Keuntungannya, kondisi ini membuat para penyintas dan juga para pekerja kemanusiaan memiliki tempat berteduh. Kebanyakan organisasi internasional yang datang pada hari-hari pertama terpaksa berjejal di kantor IOM (International Organization for Migrations) Banda Aceh, atau mendiami gedung apa saja yang kosong. Hari-hari pertama adalah hari-hari sangat sibuk bagi para pekerja kemanusiaan, yang tergesa menÂcari bangunan yang dapat disewa sebagai kantor, mencari kendaraan serta sopirnya, dan juga staf lokal yang dapat menyediakan segala keperluan pendukung kegiatan. Semua itu ditambah lagi dengan kecemasan akan keamanan, yang pada saat itu sangat tidak pasti, sehubungan dengan status Aceh selama 30 tahun

for Migrations) office Banda Aceh, or reside whatever empty building. The first days were busy days for humanitarian worker, in a hurry finding a building that could be rented as office, finding vehicles along with its drivers, and also local staff who could prepare all supporting necessity of activity. All of them were added by worry of safety, at that time it was very uncertain, with regard to status of Aceh for 30 years as conflict region. There is news that â&#x20AC;&#x153;extrimistsâ&#x20AC;? had gathered around Blang Bintang Airport in an increasing number. Plus aftershock occurred with close enough interval it made the local residents run splattering to a high place and provoked humanitarian volunteers to run as well, that tension was realy feeled.

(kiri atas) Perwakilan PBB, USAID, dan Tim dari Indonesia berkoordinasi di atas kapal USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72) untuk membahas kebutuhan penduduk yang terkena dampak tsunami. (kanan atas) Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono mengecek bantuan di Medan sebelum menuju lokasi bencana di Aceh. (kiri bawah) Warga desa menerima pakaian dari organisasi kemanusiaan di Krueng Raya, Aceh. (kanan bawah) Dengan kondisi jembatan runtuh dan jalan hanyut, armada truk M6 milik Redcross & Red Crescent Societies yang mampu mendistribusikan bahan bantuan ke daerah yang paling terpencil di Aceh. / (top left) Representative of the United Nations (PBB), USAID, and Indonesian Team coordinate on USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72) ship to discuss the impact tsunami-hit residents needs. (top right) President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono checks aids in medan before going to the disaster location of Aceh. (bottom left) the village residents receive clothes from a humanitarian organization in Krueng Raya, Aceh. (bottom right) under the condition of destroyed bridge and muddy road, Redcross & Red Crescent Societies-owned M6 truck fleet that is able to distribute aids to remote areas in Aceh. FOTO: USNAVY/IST/ CHRISTIAN ASLUND/IST

(atas) Seorang anak berdiri di depan papan pengumuman daftar anak yang kehilangan orang tuanya. (kiri bawah) Pada 19 Juli 2005, Khairuddin (15) dan ibunya Yusliani kembali bertemu di kantor perwakilan UNICEF di Melabouh setelah 7 bulan terpisah akibat tsunami. (kanan bawah) Dibawah pohon anak-anak pengungsi mengikuti kegiatan UNICEF yang dibawakan oleh Vivi Soviani. / (top) a child stands in front of a notice board of children who are lost their parents. (bottom left) on July 19, 2005, Khairuddin (15) and his mother, Yusliani meets again at UNICEF representative office in Meulaboh after separated within the period of 7 months because of the tsunami. (bottom right) under the tree evacuees’ children participate in activities of UNICEF held by Vivi Soviani. FOTO:

UNICEF

sebagai daerah konflik. Ada kabar bahwa “kaum ekstremis” berkumpul di sekitar Bandara Blang Bintang dalam jumlah yang semakin bertambah. Ditambah dengan gempa susulan yang terjadi dengan selang waktu cukup dekat membuat penduduk setempat lari berhamburan ke ketinggian dan memancing para relawan kemanusiaan untuk ikut lari, ketegangan itu benar-benar terasa. Apalagi baru lewat beberapa tahun sejak peristiwa Bom Bali dan bom di Kedutaan Australia, sehingga bagi orang asing, Indonesia apalagi Aceh, adalah zona ancaman yang sangat nyata.

Moreover, several years after Bali Bomb and bomb in Australian Embassy has just passed, so that for foreigners, Indonesia particularly Aceh, is a very real threathening zone. However, as Mr. Davies said further, it turned out “the extrimists” are “obedient” people and want to help huma nitarian workers having different religion with them. Mr. Davies gives thumb to Singapore. Singapore SAR Team was able to fulfill by themselves all their needs

Namun, seperti kata Mr. Davies selanjutnya, ternyata “para ekstremis” itu adalah orang-orang “yang taat” dan sangat ingin membantu para pekerja kemanusiaan yang berbeda keyakinan dengan mereka itu.

and very professional, directly did what they had to do so. Among others to do corpse evacuation quickly, efficiently and regularly, even before teams from other countries arranged themselves.

Mr. Davies memberi acungan jempol pada Singapura. Tim SAR Singapura sanggup memenuhi sendiri segala kebutuhan mereka dan sangat professional, langsung mengerjakan apa yang harus dikerjakan. Antara lain melakukan evakuasi jenazah, dengan cepat, efisien dan teratur, bahkan jauh sebelum tim-tim dari negaranegara lain sempat mengatur diri.

Other international organization whose aid is very feeled is Save the Children that has been in Aceh since pre-tsunami. Save the Children focuses on the attention of uniting lost family members. The role of IOM organizing most of procurement of truck and other vehicles carrying aids and humanitarian workers to Ground Zero, and also from Medan and Padang to Banda Aceh, is crucial. There is also Médecins Sans Frontiéres (Doctors without Borders, a humanitarian organization was previously established in France but it has become an international organization), directly providing medical service extremely needed.

Organisasi internasional lain yang sangat terasa bantuannya adalah Save the Children, yang telah ada di Aceh sejak pra-tsunami. Save the Children memfokuskan perhatian pada mempersatukan anggota keluarga yang hilang. Peran IOM mengorganisir sebagian besar pengadaan truk dan kendaraan lain pengangkut bantuan dan pekerja kemanusiaan ke Ground Zero, dan juga dari Medan serta Padang ke Banda Aceh, sangat besar. Ada lagi Médecins Sans Frontiéres (Doctors without Borders, organisasi kemanusiaan yang awalnya didirikan di Perancis namun telah menjadi organisasi internasional), yang langsung menyediakan layanan medis yang sangat diperlukan.

However, the more important thing is hard work of Indonesian nation itself. TNI, whose troops did most of work, evacuated corpses, cleaned ruins and distributed aids, most of them emanated from supply of TNI itself. Furthermore, PMI laid the basis for humanitarian volunteers throughout Indonesia. Don’t forget religionbased organizations such as Nahdlatul Ulama, and particularly Muhammadiyah, playing an important role

Relawan Médecins Sans Frontiéres bertugas di Meuloboh. / Volunteers of Médecins Sans Frontiéres are on duty in Meulaboh. FOTO: FRANCESCO ZIZOLA

Evakuasi jenazah dan pembersihan puing-puing oleh TNI, Basarnas dan para relawan dalam dan luar negeri. / An evacuation of corpses and cleaning of ruins by TNI, Basarnas and domestic and foreign volunteers. FOTO: IST

Tapi yang jauh lebih penting adalah kerja keras bangsa Indonesia sendiri. TNI, yang para prajuritnya melakukan sebagian besar dari pekerjaan mengevakuasi jenazah, membersihkan puing serta distribusi bantuan, dimana sebagian berasal dari persediaan TNI sendiri. Kemudian PMI, yang menggalang relawan kemanuÂ siaan dari seluruh Indonesia. Jangan lupakan pula organisasi berbasis agama seperti Nahdlatul Ulama, dan terutama Muhammadiyah, yang memainkan peranan penting melalui sekolah-sekolah, Rumah Sakit, klinik serta ratusan anggotanya yang menjadi relawan. Masih ada CARE dan World Vision, yang

through schools, hospitals, clinics as well as hundreds of its members to be volunteers. There is still CARE and World Vision, laying the basis for volunteers and aids, as well as quickly preparing aids throughout regions requiring, including remote islands. However, Mr. Davies also admires Aceh peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s inwardness, in which although they have bitter memory of black giant wave that had snatched all of them they love, but they have been able to rise quickly to overcome such pain.

(kiri) Pembersihan lingkungan Masjid Baiturrahman, Banda Aceh. (kanan) Masyarakat bergotong royong menarik sebuah perahu yang terseret gelombang tsunami. / (left) Cleaning of Baiturrahman Mosque environment, Banda Aceh. (right) People work together to pull a boat dragged by the tsunami wave. FOTO: IST

menggalang relawan dan bantuan, serta dapat dengan cepat menyediakan bantuan ke seluruh daerah yang membutuhkan, termasuk ke pulau-pulau terpencil. Namun di atas semuanya, Mr. Davies pun mengagumi kekuatan batin orang Aceh, yang meski pun (pasti) dihantui kenangan mengerikan tentang gelombang hitam raksasa yang telah merenggut semua yang mereka kasihi, namun mampu dengan cepat bangkit mengatasi rasa sakit tersebut.

Aceh peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s inwardness, developed on their confidence of religious truth they believe, plays an important role in the process of redevelopment of Aceh after tsunami. This is said by an antropolog from Leiden University, Netherland, Annemarie Samuels, in her dissertation:

Kekuatan batin orang Aceh ini, yang dibangun atas keyakinan mereka pada kebenaran religius yang mereka anut, memainkan peranan penting dalam

Pemakaman massal korban tsunami di Lam Lhom, Aceh (9/01/05). / A mass funeral of tsunami victims in Lam Lhom, Aceh (9/01/05).

FOTO: IST

proses pembangunan kembali Aceh pasca tsunami. Ini disebutkan oleh seorang antropolog Universitas Leiden, Belanda, Annemarie Samuels, dalam disertasinya: ”...sebagian besar masyarakat Aceh yang mayoritas Muslim ini memandang bencana tsunami sebagai kehen dak Tuhan. Walau pun mengejutkan (bagi masyarakat Barat), tapi orang Aceh menganggap tsunami sebagai tanda kecintaan Allah pada mereka. Sebagai contoh, tsu nami mengakhiri konflik berumur tiga dasawarsa yang telah mencabik Aceh. Sehingga Aceh diberi kesempatan luas untuk memiliki kembali kehidupan yang lebih baik, baik dalam kerangka relijius mau pun sosial-ekonomi.”

”...most of Aceh people whose majority is moslem regard tsunami disaster as God’s will. Although it was very surprised (for foreign society), but Aceh people regard that tsunami as mark of God’s love to them. For example, tsunami ended the three decades conflict ripping up Aceh. So that Aceh has been given tremendous opportunity to recapture a better life, in the frame of religion and social economy.” This is the biggest challenge after tsunami: it proves that international praise to endurance and strength as well as ability of Aceh to revive, will not turn to be a disappointing impact. Insya Allah. []

Inilah tantangan terbesar pasca tsunami: membuk tikan bahwa pujian internasional atas ketabahan dan kekuatan serta kemampuan Aceh untuk kembali bangkit, tidak akan berbalik menjadi hantaman keke cewaan. Insya Allah. []

Kuburan massal korban tsunami Aceh. / A catacomb of Aceh tsunami victims.

FOTO: IST

BAB II / CHAPTER II

BRR didirikan pada 16 April 2005 berdasarkan mandat tertulis dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (Perpu) Nomor 2 Tahun 2005 yang diteken Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Perpu ini kemudian dikuatkan dengan Undang Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2005. Pada 29 April 2005, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono menandatangani Peraturan Presiden Nomor 34 tentang struktur organisasi dan mekanisme BRR. Nama lengkap instansi ini adalah Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Wilayah dan Kehidupan Masyarakat Provinsi Aceh dan Kepulauan Nias, Sumatera Utara.

BRR was established on April 16, 2005 pursuant to a written mandate in Government Regulation in lieu of Law (Perpu) Number 2 of 2005 signed by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. This Government Regulation was then reinforced by Law Number 10 of 2005. On April 29, 2005 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono signed Government Regulation Number 34 regarding organization structure and mechanism of BRR. Full name of this institution is Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency of Region and Community Life of Aceh Province and Nias Island, North Sumatera.

INGGI gedung sekira 18 meter. Di lantai atas tersedia landasan helikopter. Dirancang sanggup menahan hentakan gempa hingga 10 skala richter, ini gedung penyelamat atau escape building tsunami di Gampong Lambung, Meuraxa, Banda Aceh. Pembangunan gedung ini didanai oleh Badan Rekonstruksi dan Rehabilitasi (BRR) Aceh-Nias serta dibantu Pemerintah Jepang.

Badan ini lahir guna menyahuti misi kemanusiaan untuk mempercepat pelaksanaan program rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi Aceh-Nias, bersama stakeholder lainnya. Selain Aceh yang dihentak lindu 9,1 skala

HE height of building is about 18 meter. In the upstairs it is available a helipad. It is designed to hold earthquake shaking up to 10 on richter scale, this is a rescuer building or escape building for tsunami in Gampong Lambung, Meuraxa, Banda Aceh. The development of this building was funded by Aceh-Nias Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency (BRR) assisted by Japan Government.

This Agency was born in order to answer a humanitarian mission for the purpose of accelerating the implementation of rehabilitation and reconstruction program of Aceh-Nias, along with other stakeholders. Besides Aceh shaken by earthquake measuring 9,1 on

Pimpinan dan staf BRR NAD-NIAS berfoto bersama didepan kantor mereka di Banda Aceh. / Chief and staff of BRR NAD-NIAS take photo together in front of their office in Banda Aceh. FOTO: BRR

richter, Kabupaten Nias di Sumatera Utara juga ikut merasakan getaran gempa 8,7 skala richter. Gempa Nias terjadi sekitar tiga bulan setelah tsunami menghumbalang Aceh. Karena itu, BRR dibentuk untuk membereskan kerusakan yang terjadi di kedua daerah ini. Program pemulihan yang dibebankan kepada BRR mencakup upaya membangun struktur sosial dan ekonomi. BRR diamanahkan tugas untukÂ mengkoorÂ dinasi dan menjalankan program pemulihan AcehNias yang dilandaskan pada partisipasi aktif masyarakat setempat. Dalam rangka membangun AcehNias secara lebih baik dan aman, BRR merancang kebijakan dan strategi dengan semangat transparansi, untuk mengimplementasikannya dengan pola kepemimpinan dan koordinasi efektif melalui kerja sama lokal dan internasional. Untuk efektivitas kerja, BRR bertanggung jawab kepada presiden. Ketuanya setingkat menteri. Karena diberikan kewenangan atas nama darurat, BRR tidak terikat pada seperangkat aturan lengkap yang mengatur penetapan, penyusunan, dan pelaksanaan proyek-proyek dalam keadaan normal. Presiden Susilo menunjuk Kuntoro Mangkusubroto sebagai Kepala BRR. Mantan Menteri Pertambangan

richter scale, Nias Regency in North Sumatera also felt shaking of the earthquake measuring 8,7 on richter scale. Nias quake occurred around three months after tsunami turned over and over Aceh. Therefore, BRR was established to repair damage suffered in these both regions. Recovery program operated by BRR covers effort of developing social and economic structure. BRR was given mandate to coordinate and run the recovery program of AcehNias based on active participation of local community. In the framework of developing AcehNias better and safer, BRR designed policy and strategy with transparency spirit to implement with an effective leadership and coordination format through local and international cooperations. With regard to the effectivness of work, BRR was responsible to president. Its chairman is as level as minister. Because of being given authority in the name of emergency, BRR was not bound to a set of complete regulation governing stipulation, arrangement, and implementation of projects in normal condition. President Susilo appointed Kuntoro Mangkusubroto as chairman of BRR. That former Minister of Mining and Energy was selected as he is honest and professional.

Escape Building merupakan salah satu fasilitas yang dibagun oleh BRR NAD-NIAS. / Escape Building is one of the facilities built by BRR NAD-NIAS. FOTO: IST

dan Energi itu dipilih karena dikenal bersih dan profesional. Sementara Wakil Kepala BRR adalah Pelaksana Gubernur Aceh, Azwar Abu Bakar. BRR berkantor pusat di Banda Aceh. Lokasinya, di Lueng Bata, satu kompleks dengan Dinas Sumber Daya Air Aceh. Selain itu BRR juga memiliki kantor cabang di Nias dan kantor perwakilan di Jakarta. Posisi pegawai BRR 50 persen diisi oleh orang-orang asli Aceh. Selebihnya para profesional. BRR terdiri dari tiga organ: badan pelaksana, 17 orang dewan pengarah dan 9 dewan pengawas. Ketua masing-masing organ ditunjuk langsung oleh presiden. Struktur organisasi BRR juga ditambah dengan beberapa deputi dan Satuan Anti Korupsi. Setelah tiga tahun bekerja, BRR merombaknya dengan menyisakan empat deputi: Pengawasan, Operasi, Infrastruktur, Lingkungan dan Pemeliharaan serta Keuangan dan Perencanaan. Penyederhanaan level kedeputian menyusul berkuÂ rangÂnya pekerjaan lembaga tersebut. Struktur yang dibubarkan meliputi Kedeputian Perumahan dan Permukiman, Agama, Sosial dan Budaya, Pendidikan, Kesehatan dan Peran Perempuan, Kelembagaan dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia, serta Ekonomi dan Usaha.

Whilst Vice Chairman of BRR was Acting Official Governor of Aceh Azwar Abu Bakar. BRR had head office in Banda Aceh. The location is in Lueng Bata, at the same complex as that of Aceh Water Resource Service. Moreover, BRR also had branch office in Nias and representative office in Jakarta. Fifty percent (50%) of Employee position of BRR was filled by native people of Aceh. The rest was professionals. BRR comprised three organs: executive board, 17 people of the board of directors and 9 people of the board of supervisory. Chairman of each organ was directly appointed by president. Organization structure of BRR was also added by several deputies and Corruption Anti-Corruption Unit. After operating for three years, BRR changed so by leaving four deputies: Supervisory, Operation, Infrastructure, environment and Maintenance as well as Finance and Planning. Simplification deputy level followed the lack of such institution work. Structure dissolved covers Deputy of Housing and Settlemen, Religion, Social and Culture, Education, Health and Role of Woman, Institution and Development of Human Resources, as well as Economy and Business. Organization Structure of BRR

Gubernur Aceh 2007-2012, Irwandi Yusuf, melakukan serah terima dengan kepala BRR Aceh-Nias Kuntoro Mangkusubroto. / The 2007-2012 Aceh Governor, Irwandi Yusuf, makes a transfer to Chief of BRR NAD-NIAS, Kuntoro Mangkusubroto. FOTO: IST

Entering early period of work namely reconstruction, BRR began to face problem namely scarcity of logistic. Kuntoro, in his interview with media said that it is important to try as well as possible in order to arrange logistic needs that prices of material as cement and iron would not significantly increase. BRR tried to keep supply of such goods smooth in markets. One side, this is important as the first thing done by BRR in Aceh was to develop houses and infrastructures as roads. Whilst Kuntoro admitted that arrangement of logistic needs were not as easy as reversing a palm. The smoothness of logistic supply was extremely related to a port. However, after tsunami almost all ports in Aceh, except Krueng Geukueh in North Aceh, were not functioned.

Struktur Organisasi BRR Memasuki masa awal kerja yakni rekonstruksi, BRR mulai menghadapi kendala yakni kelangkaan logistik. Kuntoro, dalam sebuah wawancaranya kepada media menyebutkan, pentingnya berusaha sebaik mungkin mengatur kebutuhan logistik agar sejumlah hargaharga material seperti semen dan besi tidak melonjak naik. BRR berupaya menjaga suplai barang-barang semacam itu lancar di pasar. Satu sisi, ini penting karena yang pertama dilakukan BRR di Aceh adalah membangun rumah dan infrastruktur seperti jalan. Sementara, Kuntoro mengakui urusan mengatur kebutuhan logistik tak segampang membalikkan telapak tangan. Kelancaran pasokan logistik sangat terkait pelabuhan. Namun, setelah tsunami hampir semua pelabuhan di Aceh, kecuali Krueng Geukueh di Aceh Utara, tak berfungsi. BRR pun berupaya membangun Aceh dan Nias dengan meningkatkan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, menerapkan struktur administrasi dan manajemen “flat”, serta sistem pendukung yang fungsional dan ringkas. Menurut Kuntoro, selain tugas yang diemban tak ringan, tidak ada contoh sebelumnya tentang cara menangani bencana sedahsyat gempa dan tsunami di Aceh. Karena itu, BRR dilimpahi kewenangan khusus yang memungkinkannya menerapkan prosedur darurat dalam rekonstruksi. Keputusan operasional

BRR also tried to develop Aceh and Nias by improving the capacity of human resources, applying the structure of administration and “flat” management, as well as functional and brief supporting system. According to Kuntoro, besides duty carried out is not easy, there was no previous example about how to handle a disaster as terrible as Aceh earthquake and tsunami. Therefore, BRR was given special authority enabling to apply an emergency procedure in the reconstruction. The operational decision may be made by cutting bureaucracy in the government procedures

Perbaikan kembali insfrastuktur jalan yang hancur akibat tsunami. / An infrastructure improvement of road hit by the tsunami. FOTO: IST

Kepala Badan Pelaksana

Chairman of Executive Board

Wakil Kepala Badan Pelaksana Vice Chairman of Executive Board

Sekretaris Badan Pelaksana

Staf Ahli Badan Pelaksana

Secretary to Executive Board

Expert Staff of Executive Board

Deputi Pengawas

Penasehat Badan Pelaksana

Deputy to Supervisory

Advisory of Executive Board

Deputi Keuangan dan Perencanaan

Staf Khusus Kepala Badan Pelaksana

Deputy to Finance and Planing

Special Staff of Executive Board

Deputi Agama, Sosial, Budaya

Deputi Ekonomi dan Usaha

Deputi Perumahan dan Pemukiman

Deputi Operasi

Deputy to Riligion, Social, Culture

Deputy to Economy and Business

Deputy to Housing and Settlement

Deputy to Operation

Deputi Pendidikan, Kesehatan dan Peran Perempuan Deputy to Education, Health and Role of Woman

Deputi Insfrastruktur dan Lingkungan Hidup

Deputi Kelembagaan dan HRD

Deputy to Insfrastructure and Environment

Deputy to Institution and HRD

Kepala Kantor Perwakilan I

Kepala Kantor Perwakilan II

Kepala Kantor Perwakilan III

Kepala Kantor Perwakilan V

Kepala Kantor Perwakilan VI

Head of Representative I

Head of Representative II

Head of Representative III

Head of Representative V

Head of Representative VI

PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA, SERTA EKONOMI DAN USAHA. DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES, ALONG WITH ECONOMY AND BUSINESS.

dapat dibuat dengan cepat dengan memotong birokrasi dalam prosedur pemerintah seperti pada umumnya. Presiden Susilo menetapkan peraturan baru untuk mendukung jalannya program rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi Aceh-Nias. Regulasi itu antara lain Peraturan Presiden (Perpres) nomor 70 dan Perpres 69. Perpres 70 Tahun 2005 merupakan revisi dari Keputusan Presiden Nomor 80 Tahun 2003 tentang pedoman pelaksanaan pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah. Perpres ini menyatakan, untuk pembangunan perumahan, bisa ditunjuk langsung kontraktornya. Jika anggaran tidak habis di satu tahun anggaran, dapat diluncurkan ke tahun anggaran berikutnya. Sebagai contoh, BRR dapat menunjuk langsung para kontraktor sebagai rekanan pelaksana proyek pembangunan seratusan ribu unit rumah bagi penyintas tanpa melalui proses tender yang berbelit

as in general. President Susilo stipulated a new reegulation to support the implementation of Aceh-Nias Rehabilitation and Reconstruction program. Those regulations among others Presidential Regulation (Perpres) Number 70 and Perpres 69.Perpres 70 of 2005 are revision of Presidential Decision Number 80 of 2003 regarding Guidance about Implementation of Government Goods and Services Procurement. Presidential Regulation states, to build houses, its contractor may be appointed directly. If a budget has a rest in a fiscal year, it may be transferred to the next fiscal year. For example, BRR may directly appoint contractors as partner of development project executive of one hundred thousand house unit for survivors without complex and much time tender process. This is particularly applied to Aceh. Pursuant to Presidential Decision 80, for government project

(kiri) Pasaraya Pante Pirak yang hancur akibat gempa bumi dan tsunami. (kanan) Serah terima gedung Pasar Atjeh sumbangan pemerintah Jepang. / (left) Pasaraya Pante Pirak that is damaged because of earthquake and tsunami. (right) Transfer of Pasar Atjeh building that is a donation from Japan Government. FOTO: IST

dan memakan waktu. Ini khusus berlaku di Aceh saja. Berdasarkan Keppres 80, untuk proyek pemerintah setelah lebih dari Rp50 juta wajib diadakan tender terbuka untuk penunjukan rekanan pelaksananya. Proses pengadaan tender memakan waktu minimal satu setengah bulan. Inilah yang dinilai menghambat, sehingga perlu direvisi. Sedangkan Perpres Nomor 69 Tahun 2005 tentang peran serta lembaga atau perorangan asing dalam rangka hibah untuk rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi AcehNias. Perpres ini sangat penting, karena hilir mudiknya orang-orang asing ke Aceh dan Nias dapat dipermudah

Pembangunan kembali pelabuhan Ulee Lheue melalui program kemitraan Australia Indonesia. / A rebuilding of Ulee Lheue port through the Australia Indonesia partnership program. FOTO: AUSAID

of more than Rp 50 million an open tender must be performed to appoint a partner of execution. Tender making process needs minimum one and half month. This is assessed to have obstructed, so that it needs revision. Whilst Presidential Regulation Number 69 of 2005 regarding Participation of Foreign Institution or individual in the framework of grant for Aceh-Nias Rehabilitation and Reconstruction. This Presidential Regulation is very important, as back and forth of foreigners to Aceh and Nias may be facilitated and made efficient. Kuntoro gave example, foreigners

Pembangunan kembali Balai Desa Aceh Besar melalui program kemitraan Australia Indonesia. / A rebuilding of Balai Desa Aceh Besar through the Australia Indonesia partnership program. FOTO: AUSAID

dan diefisienkan. Kuntoro mencontohkan, orang asing yang terlibat dalam proses rehabilitasi-rekonstruksi di Aceh dan Nias untuk memperpanjang visa tidak perlu ke Jakarta, tapi bisa di Banda Aceh. Karena, di dalam BRR sendiri ada satu bagian khusus untuk menangani perpanjangan visa tersebut. Persoalan lain yang dihadapi BRR adalah membludakÂ nya lembaga donor. Banyak sekali donor dari level terendah hingga atas yang ingin membantu Aceh, tanpa diminta. Presiden Susilo sendiri mengakui hal itu tak lama setelah BRR ada. Indonesia, kata Susilo, tidak akan meminta bantuan donor tapi akan menerima siapa pun yang datang. Total implementary partner yang masuk ke Aceh mencapai 487, sedangkan Funding Agency 578. Mereka terdiri dari NGO, lembaga sosial, pemerintah dan lainnya. Awalnya, setiap donor bekerja dengan ego sektoral masing-masing. Agar tidak acakadut, BRR lalu meluncurkan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Bencana Aceh (SIMBA). Untuk membuat aplikasi ini, BRR menggadeng IBM. Lewat aplikasi ini, para donor dapat berkoordinasi dengan BRR untuk memperlancar kinerja merekonstruksi Aceh. SIMBA menampung semua data korban, logistik hingga statistik.

Kuntoro Mangkusubroto meninjau proses berjalannya rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi di Aceh. / Kuntoro Mangkusubroto observes the process of rehabilitation and reconstruction in Aceh. FOTO: IST

Pemasangan lampu penerangan jalan. / An installation of road lights. FOTO: IST

involved in the rehabilitation-reconstruction process in Aceh and Nias and would extend visa did not require to go to Jakarta, but in Banda Aceh. As in BRR there is a special part to handle such visa extension. Another problem encountered by BRR is the excess of donor institution. Many donors from the lowest level to the highest level desiring to help Aceh, without being asked. President Susilo himself admitted that such matter was not long after BRR existed. Indonesia, Susilo said, would not ask donor aid but would receive whosoever coming. Total implementary partner entering Aceh is 487, whilst the Funding Agency 578, they consist of NGO, social institution, government, etc. Initially, every donor worked with respective sectoral ego. In order not to be disorganized, BRR then launced Aceh Disaster Management Information System (SIMBA). To make this application, BRR included IBM. Through this application, donors could coordinate with BRR in order to facilitate performance of reconstructing Aceh. SIMBA accommodated all victim data, logistic up to statistic.

Mengelola Dana Triliunan

Managing Fund of Trillions

Pada Mei 2005, pemerintah mengucurkan Rp30 miliar untuk kegiatan operasional BRR. Dana itu berasal dari APBN. BRR juga mendapat sokongan operasional dari Australia dan Bank Dunia dalam bentuk barang. Hingga akhir masa tugas, BRR mengelola dana senilai Rp70 tri足 liun untuk berbagai proyek rehabilitasi dan rekon足struksi di Aceh serta Nias. Ditambah dengan dana masya足rakat internasional, jumlah totalnya sekitar Rp 120 triliun.

In May 2005, Government contributed Rp 30 billion for the purpose of BRR operational activity. Such fund came from APBN. BRR also goot operational support from Australia dan World Bank in the form of goods. Up to the end of duty, BRR managed fund of Rp 70 trillion for various rehabilitation and reconstruction projects in Aceh and Nias. Plus international society fund, total is around Rp 120 trillion.

Tercatat, ada 133 negara yang membantu. Sebagian negara-negara itu belum pernah memberikan bantuan serupa bagi korban bencana. Harian New York Times melaporkan pada 27 November 2008, bantuan dari kalangan awam untuk membantu korban tsunami meme足cahkan rekor pengumpulan dana bagi krisis kemanusiaan internasional. Pemberian dana dari kalangan masyarakat umum (pribadi) melalui LSM-LSM dan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) melampaui janji

It is recorded that 133 countries gave aids. A part of those countries had never given aids beforehand for disaster victims. New York Times daily reported that on November 27, 2008 aids to help tsunami victims from the masses broke the record of fund raising to international humanitarian crisis. Allocation of the fund from the masses (personal) through LSM-LSM and the United Nations exceeded the cooperation agreement from Development Support Committee

kerja sama dari organisasi Komite Pendukung Pem bangunan pada Organisasi untuk Kerja Sama Ekonomi dan Pembangunan (OECD DAC), yang biasanya menjadi penyandang dana terbesar di dunia. Mengelola dana besar dan tanggung jawab begitu banyak, BRR menjadi lembaga pertama sepanjang sejarah Indonesia yang khusus menjadi koordinator dan pelaksana rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi pascabencana. Sumbangan dari donor yang begitu besar menjadikan Indonesia begitu beruntung. Dukungan global meringan kan beban pemerintah dalam pemulihan Aceh-Nias, yang bila dilakukan sendiri butuh waktu lebih lama lagi. Para penyumbang dana juga punya banyak cara untuk menyalurkan bantuan. Kebanyakan LSM datang membawa sendiri dana tersebut dalam jumlah besar. Sebagian dari mereka beroperasi sebagai pelaksana dan penyandang dana. NGO yang seperti ini kemudian

Organization to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECDDAC), it usually becomes the biggest donor in the world. Managing large fund and having heavy responsibility, BRR became the first institution in the Indonesian history that specially became coordinator and executive of rehabilitation and reconstruction after disaster. Large contribution from donors made Indonesia to be lucky. Global support lightened government’s burden in Aceh-Nias recovery, as it would need long time if made by itself. Donors also had a lot of manners to distribute aids. Most of LSM (Non-Government Organization came by itself to provide the large fund. Most of them operated as executives and donors. NGO like this then supported smaller NGOs for the purpose of funding. This phenomenon became a parallel structure supportin the

mendukung LSM-LSM yang lebih kecil untuk penda足 naan. Fenomena ini menjadi struktur paralel yang mendukung program rekonstruksi. BRR hanya bisa mengawasi dari jauh melalui serangkaian rapat dan forum-forum koordinasi. Demi meningkatkan koordinasi dan rekonstruksi, pemerin足tah Indonesia dan para donor bersepakat membentuk Multi-Donor Fund (MDF) untuk menyatu足 kan kontribusi para donor. MDF dibentuk pada 2005.

LSM US$ 2,21 miliar

LEMBAGA DONOR US$ 2,41 miliar

Non-Government Organization US$ 2,21 billion

Donor Institution US$ 2,41 billion

PEMERINTAH INDONESIA US$ 2,10 miliar Indonesian Government US$ 2,10 billion

100 % = US$ 6,7 miliar 100 % = US$ 6,7 billion

reconstruction program. BRR was only responsible for supervising from afar through a series of meetings and coordinating forums.

Program dana perwalian multidonor merupakan mekanisme pembiayaan yang mengumpulkan kontribusi dari berbagai donor untuk mendukung program kegiatan yang telah disepakati. / Multi-donor representative fund program is a mechanism of funding that collects contribution of various donors in order to support the activity programs agreed. FOTO: MDF

Para ketua bersama Komite Pengarah di Banda Aceh, Juni 2012. Komite Pengarah merupakan badan pengambil keputusan MDF, yang diketuai secara bersama oleh Pemerintah Indonesia, Bank Dunia, Pemerintah provinsi Aceh, dan Uni Eropa. Pada awalnya, Pemerintah Indonesia diwakili oleh Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi (BRR) Aceh dan Nias. Sejak bulan April 2009, Pemerintah Indonesia kemudian diwakili oleh Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (Bappenas). / Chiefs along with the Steering Committee in Banda Aceh, in June 2012. The Steering Committee is an agency making decision of MDF, led together by Indonesian Government, World Bank, Aceh Provincial Government, and European Union. In the beginning, Indonesian Government was represented by Aceh and Nias Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency (BRR). Since April 2009, Indonesian Government has been represented by the National Development Planning Body (Bappenas). FOTO: MDF

For the sake of improving coordination and reconstruc足 tion, Indonesian Government and donors agreed to form Multi-Donor Fund (MDF) in order to unite the contribution of donors. MDF was established in 2005. A trust fund supported by 15 donors: Comissions of

Para pekerja mengeluarkan biskuit yang disediakan oleh American Red cross. Melalui program yang dilaksanakan oleh world Food Programme (wFP), MDF dapat membantu menyalurkan pasokan dan bahan-bahan bantuan penting ke daerah terpencil yang terkena dampak bencana. / Workers put out biscuits prepared by the American Red Cross. Through the program held by the world Food Programme (sFP), the MDF can assist by distributing the important aid supply and materials to remote areas hit by the disaster. FOTO: MDF

Sebuah trust fund yang disangga 15 donor: Komisi Eropa, Belanda, Inggris, Bank Dunia, Swedia, Denmark, Norwegia, Jerman, Kanada, Belgia, Finlandia, Bank Pembangunan Asia (ADB-Asian Development Bank), Amerika Serikat, Selandia Baru, dan Irlandia. Bank Dunia atau World Bank bertindak sebagai pengurus (trustee). Dalam penyaluran dana, BRR kemudian menjalankan tiga mekanisme untuk mengakomodasi berbagai keperluan para donor, yakni:

Europe, Netherland, England, World Bank, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, German, Canada, Belgium, Finland, ADB-Asian Development Bank, the United States of America, New Zealand, and Ireland. World Bank acted as trustee. In the fund allocation, BRR then performed three mechanisms to accommodate various needs of donors, namely:

Onbudget/ontreasury On budget/on treasury Para donor memakai sistem dan peraturan pemerintah untuk menyalurkan dana. Donor multilateral seperti Bank Dunia dan ADB memilih modalitas ini. Donor lain adalah Italia, yang mengonversi pinjaman pemerintah menjadi bantuan asing (grant).

Donors used government system and regulation to allocate the fund. Multilateral donors as World Bank and ADB chosen this modality. Other donors are Italia, converting governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s loan to be foreign grant.

On budget/off treasury

Onbudget/offtreasury

Dana disalurkan di luar Kantor Pusat Perbendaharaan Negara (KPPN), tapi penyalurannya dilaporkan dalam sistem anggaran nasional. Dengan mekanisme ini, dana pada mulanya tidak disahkan di dalam dokumen anggaran. Penyaluran dilakukan langsung dari rekening pemerintah pendonor ke rekening pemerintah Indonesia, pada bank yang ditunjuk. Dari sana pembayaran akan dikucurkan ke badan pelaksana. Sesudah pengadaan barang atau jasa dilakukan, dana yang dicairkan dibuatkan pengesahan anggaran melalui Daftar Isian Proyek Anggaran (DIPA).

The fund was allocated outside State Treasury Head Office (KPPN), but the allocation was reported in the national budget system. Through this mechanism, the fund was previously not validated in the budget document. The allocation was directly made from donorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s government current account to Indonesian Government current Account to the appointed bank. From there it would be allocated to the executive board. After doing goods and services procurement, the fund released was given validation of budget through Budget Project Form (DIPA).

Mekanisme ini digunakan Jepang dan Jerman. Bantuan Jepang diatur oleh JICS sebagai badan pelaksana dari Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Proyek yang dilaksanakan seperti bantuan untuk pusat-pusat pelatihan kejuruan, sekolah dan universitas, rehabilitasi kegiatan penangkapan ikan, rekonstruksi rumah yatim piatu, jalan, pasar, klinik kesehatan, obat-obatan, serta pemulihan pengadaan airbersih dan sistem sanitasi. Sedangkan bantuan Jerman disalurkan melalui German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) dan German Bank for Reconstruction and Development (KfW). Proyeknya berupa rekonstruksi dan perbaikan pelayanan kesehatan, rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi sekolah kejuruan, sekolah menengah atas, perumahan dan tempat permukiman, modernisasi sekolah kejuruan, dukungan untuk pemerintah lokal, serta pengembangan sistem mikrofinansial.

This mechanism was used by Japan and German. Japan aid was arranged by JICS as executive board from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The project implemented as aid for vocational training centers, schools and universities, rehabilitation of fishing activity, reconstruction of orphanage, roads, markets, health clinics, drugs, as well as recovery of clean water supply and sanitation system. Whilst German aid was distributed through the German Agency forTechnical Cooperation (GTZ) and the German Bank for Reconstruction and Development (KfW). The project was in the form of reconstruction and improvement of health service, rehabilitation and reconstruction of vocational schools, senior high schools, housing and settlement, vocational school modernization, support for local government, as well as microfinancial system development.

Off budget/off treasury

Offbudget/offtreasury

Donor tidak menggunakan sistem anggaran pemerintah Indonesia ataupun menyalurkan dana dari KPPN. Mekanisme ini dipakai oleh semua lembaga nonpemerintah dan beberapa pemerintah asing. Donor multilateral seperti ADB dan Bank Dunia yang terkait dengan MDF juga menggunakan mekanisme ini untuk melengkapi bantuan yang diberikan melalui mekanisme on-budget. Recovery Aceh-Nias Trust Fund (RANTF), dana perwalian yang ditangani BRR

Donors did not use budget system of Indonesian Government or allocate fund from KPPN. This mechanism was used by all non-government institutions and several foreign government. multilateral donors such as ADB and World Bank related to MDF also used this mechanism to complete the aid provided through on-budget mechanism. Recovery Aceh-Nias Trust Fund(RANTF), trust fund handled by BRR and represendting individual, community and foreign

dan mewakili donor dari individu, masyarakat serta pemerintah asing, juga memakai modalitas ini.

government donors, used this modality as well. This flexibility of this funding mechanism made donor to allocate the aid by using their manner deemed comfortable and safe. This mechanism also enabled them to implement the projects based on procedures and systems deemed suitable.

Fleksibilitas mekanisme pendanaan ini membuat donor dapat menyalurkan bantuan dengan menggunakan cara yang mereka anggap nyaman dan aman. Mekanisme ini juga memungkinkan mereka untuk mengimplementasikan proyek-proyek berdasarkan prosedur dan sistem yang dianggap sesuai.

Moreover, to supervise and allocate the funding of grant to be used, BRR used information technology system named RANdatabase or Aceh-Nias recovery database. This system adopted the Development Assistance Database (DAD), used to track the grant in Afghanistan since 2003.

Selain itu, untuk mengawasi sekaligus mengumpulkan kemana saja pembiayaan dana bantuan digunakan, BRR menggunakan sistem teknologi informasi bernama RANdatabase atau database pemulihan Aceh-Nias. Sistem ini mengadopsi Development Assistance Database (DAD), yang digunakan untuk melacak dana bantuan di Afghanistan sejak 2003.

In 2004, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) began to use DAD throughout countries hit by the impact of tsunami to provide information on flow of fund. Government of RI decided to adjust and revive DAD in order to create RANdatabase.

Sumber Pendanaan

Funding Source

Dana Perwalian

Trust Fund

Penyaluran Dana

Fund Distribution

Badan Pelaksana

Executive Board

Proyek

Project

Pada 2004, Program Pembangunan PBB (United Nations Development Programme, UNDP) memulai

Pemerintah Indonesia

Pemerintah Asing

Lembaga dan Komunitas

Indonesian Government

Foreign Government

Institution and Community

Donor Multilateral

On Budget/ on Treasury

RANTF

On Budget/ off Treasury

BRR dan Satker Pemerintah Lainya BRR & Other Governmental Working Unit

Off Budget/ off Treasury

Lembaga Pelaksana Lain dan LSM Other Executive Institutions and LSM

PROYEK REHABILITASI DAN REKONSTRUKSI REHABILITATION AND RECONTRUCTION PROJECT Mekanisme on-budget

Mekanisme off-budget

For the first time of use in October, RANdatabase made several adjustments. This manner tracked where the offbudget fund was allocated or not allocated, and also tracked a physical progress of the project as reported by the Project Concept Note (PCN). This data was then used to direct partners accurately in order to finish real needs.

RANdatabase.

penggunaan DAD di seluruh negara yang terkena dampak tsunami untuk menyediakan informasi bagi aliran dana. Pemerintah RI memutuskan untuk me nyesuaikan serta menghidupkan DAD demi mencipta kanmenyiptakan RANdatabase. Pertama kali digunakan pada Oktober, RANdatabase mengalami sejumlah penyesuaian. Cara ini melacak ke mana dana off budget dialokasikan atau tidak dialokasikan, dan juga melacak kemajuan fisik dari proyek sebagaimana dilaporkan oleh nota konsep proyek (Project Concept Note, PCN). Data ini lalu digunakan untuk mengarahkan mitra secara lebih akurat guna menyelesaikan kebutuhan yang riil.

In the work formulation of large-scale reconstruction, BRR arranged ANTERP or the Aceh-Nias Tsunami and Earthquake Response Program. ANTERP contains a number of initiatives with a design in order to fulfill various needs of infrastructure sector. The first initiative is housing, water supply, sanitation, drainage, solid waste processing, and local transportation. The second initiative is marine defence, flood prevention, refuge site, and early warning system. The first initiative is provincial-level primary and secondary infrastructure, including roads between settlements or rural roads, connecting and port roads, electric power, water resources. The fourth initiative is economic infrastructure. The last, the fifth initiative is separated program for Nias.

Dalam merumuskan pekerjaan untuk rekonstruksi besarbesaran, BRR menyusun ANTERP atau Program Tanggap Tsunami dan Gempa Bumi Aceh-Nias. ANTERP berisi sejumlah prakarsa dengan rancangan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bidang infrastruktur yang bervariasi. Prakarsa pertama meliputi perumahan, persediaan air, sanitasi, drainase, pengelolaan limbah padat, dan transportasi lokal. Prakarsa kedua meliputi pertahanan laut, perlindungan banjir, tempat pengungsian, dan sistem peringatan dini. Prakarsa ketiga adalah prasarana primer dan sekunder tingkat provinsi, termasuk jalan antarpermukiman atau jalan desa, jalan penghubung dan pelabuhan, tenaga listrik,

Aktifitas pemetaan yang dilakukan BRR dilahan yang hancur akibat tsunami. / A mapping activity done by BRR in the damaged land because of the tsunami. FOTO: DOK.BRR

sumber daya air. Prakarsa keempat infrastruktur ekonomi. Terakhir, prakarsa lima berupa program terpisah untuk Nias. Dalam bekerja, BRR juga bermitra dengan lembagalembaga PBB dan Palang Merah Internasional. Para mitra BRR ini memiliki forum koordinasi tersendiri. Demi menghindari tumpang tindih dan duplikasi kerja dibuatlah Forum Koordinasi untuk Aceh dan Nias (Coordination Forum for Aceh and Nias-CFAN) dan Pertemuan Pemangku Kepentingan Kepulauan Nias (NISM). Kedua forum ini sebagai sarana memperÂteÂ muÂkan para mitra dalam satu ruangan, menerima rekomendasi dari mitra, dan menyiptakan dialog terbuka untuk mengenali kesenjangan, kebutuhan, serta solusi. Saban tahun, CFAN dan NISM menitikberatkan fokus pada tema yang berbeda dan relevan bagi perubahan kebutuhan dan proses rekonstruksi. BRR juga menggunakan forum ini untuk mempublikasikan serta meningkatkan kesadaran mengenai ke mana perginya dana, terutama alokasi dana menurut sektor.

Rekonstruksi di tengah reruntuhan di banda Aceh. / Reconstruction amid the ruins in banda Aceh. FOTO: AUSAID

Secara umum, BRR terbilang sukses menjalankan tugas membangun Aceh kembali. Pada 2007, badan In the operation, BRR also made partner with institutions of the United Nations and International Red Cross. These partners of BRR had separated coordination forum. In order to avoid overlapping and work duplication it was made a Coordination Forum for Aceh and Nias (CFAN) and Nias Island Stakeholders Meeting (NISM). These both forums are as partners meeting facility in a room, to accept recommendation from a partner, and create open dialogue to realize a discrepancy, needs, and solutions. Every year, CFAN and NISM focused on different and relevant theme for the purpose of need change and reconstruction process. BRR also used this forum to publish and increase awareness on where the fund was channeled, particularly fund allocation according to sectors. Pembuatan peta manual oleh BRR di Desa Kahju, Aceh Besar. / The making of manual mapping by BRR in Kahju Village, Aceh Besar. FOTO: DOK.BRR

Generally, BRR was successful in the operation of redeveloping Aceh. In 2007, this agency got thumb from the State Audit Agency (BPK) with regard to the 2007

Dampak Tsunami Aceh Impact of Aceh Tsunami

104.500

635.384

127.720

1.089

139.195

Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) Lumpuh

Orang Kehilangan Tempat Tinggal

Orang Meninggal & 93.285 Hilang

Sarana Ibadah Rusak

Rumah Rusak Atau Hancur

Small Medium Enterprise (UKM) lumpuh

Persons Had Lost Their Houses

Persons Died & 93,285 Disappeared

Worship Facilities Were Damaged

Houses Were Damaged or Destroyed

73.869

1.927

13.828

2.618

3.415

Hektare Lahan Pertanian Hancur

Guru Meninggal

Kapal Nelayan Hancur

Kilometer Jalan Rusak

Sekolah Rusak

Hectare of Agricultural Land Was Destroyed

Teachers Had Died

Fishing Boats Were Damaged

Kilometer of Road Was Damaged

Schools Were Damaged

517

669

119

Sarana Kesehatan Rusak

Bangunan Pemerintah Rusak

Jembatan Rusak

Pelabuhan Rusak

Bandara atau Airstrip Rusak

Healt Facilities Were Damaged

Governmental Buildings Were Damaged

Bridges Were Damaged

Ports Were Damaged

Airports Or Airstrip Were Damaged

Capaian 4 Tahun Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Achievement of 4 your Rehabilitation and Reconstruction

140.304

195.726

Tenaga Kerja Dilatih

UKM Menerima Bantuan

Permanent Houses Were Built

Workforces Were Trained

UKM Received Aid

7.109

3.781

3.696

69.979

Hektare Lahan Pertanian Direhabilitasi Hectare Of Agricultural Land Was Rehabilitated

1.759

39.663 Guru Dilatih

Teachers Were Trained

1.115

Kapal Nelayan Dibangun/Dibagikan

Sarana Ibadah Dibangun/Diperbaiki

Kilometer Jalan Dibangun

Sekolah Dibangun

Sarana Kesehatan Dibangun

Fishing Boats Were Built / Distributed

Worship Facilities Were Built / Repaired

Kilometer of Road Was Built

Schools Were Built

Healt Facilities Were Built

996

155.182

Rumah Permanen Dibangun

363

Bangunan Pemerintah Dibangun

Jembatan Dibangun

Pelabuhan Dibangun

Bandara atau Airstrip Dibangun

Governmental Buildings Were Made

Bridges Were Built

Ports Were Built

Airports or Airstrip Were Built

ini mendapat acungan jempol dari Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan (BPK) atas laporan keuangan tahun 2007. Mereka mendapat opini wajar tanpa pengecualian dari BPK. BRR telah membangun kembali Aceh dan Nias dan telah mencapai lebih dari 94,18 persen target yang telah ditetapkan dalam rencana induk hasil rancangan Bappenas (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional). Dalam kurun waktu empat tahun telah dibangun lebih dari 140.000 unit rumah di Nias dan Aceh, 3.600 km jalan baru, 12 bandara udara dan airstrip, 20 pelabuhan

financial statement. They got fair opinion without exception from BPK. BRR had redeveloped Aceh and Nias and reached more than 94,18 percent of target determined inn the master plan Bappenas (the National Development Planning Agency) design result. Within four years it had been developed more than 140,000 house units in Nias and Aceh, 3,600 km of new roads, 12 airports and airstrip, 20 sea ports, almost 1,500 school units including training for 39 thousand teachers, development of more than 1,100 health facilities, 987

Relawan dari berbagai belahan dunia dengan berbagai organisasi datang membantu rekonstruksi di Aceh. / Volunteers from around the world with various organizations came to help the reconstruction in Aceh FOTO: IST

laut, hampir 1.500 unit sekolah termasuk pelatihan bagi 39 ribu guru, pembangunan lebih dari 1.100 fasilitas kesehatan, 987 bangunan pemerintah, 195 ribu Usaha Kecil Menengah dibantu dan rehabilitasi 70 ribu hektare lahan pertanian sehingga dapat kembali berproduksi. Salah satu contohnya, pada November 2008, BRR menyerahkan aset senilai Rp292 miliar kepada Departemen Perhubungan RI. Aset itu antara lain enam bandar udara senilai Rp210 miliar, yakni Cut Nyak Dhien di Nagan Raya, Lasikin di Simeulue, Rambele di Bener Meriah, Maimun Saleh di Sabang, Sultan Iskandar Muda di Aceh besar, dan Cut Ali di Aceh Selatan.

government buildings, 195 thousand Small Medium Enterprises were assisted and rehabilitated 70 thousand hectares of agricultural land so that it could re-produce. One of the examples, in November 2008, BRR transferred assets worth Rp 292 billion to the Ministry of Transportation of RI. Those assets are among others six airports worth Rp 210 billion, namely Cut Nyak Dhien in Nagan Raya, Lasikin in Simeulue, Rambele in Bener Meriah, Maimun Saleh in Sabang, Sultan Iskandar Muda in Aceh besar, and Cut Ali in South Aceh. Plus six seaports worth Rp 69,9 billion namely

Ditambah lagi dengan enam pelabuhan laut senilai Rp69,9 miliar yaitu Malahayati di Aceh Besar, Balohan di Sabang, Meulaboh di Aceh Barat, Susoh di Aceh Barat Daya, Singkil, dan Tapaktuan di Aceh Selatan. Juga diserahkan satu terminal bus Damri beserta 28 unit bus senilai Rp12,6 miliar. Sebelumnya 13 proyek BRR bernilai Rp715,3 miliar diresmikan Presiden Yudhoyono, di antaranya Museum Tsunami Aceh, Pelabuhan Penyeberangan Ulee Lheue, Bendungan Keuliling, dan Jembatan Cunda di Lhokseumawe. Menjelang akhir masa tugas, BRR juga menyelesaikan pembangunan Tsunami Memorial Building, Komplek Kejati Aceh dan Kejari di Banda Aceh, Jalan Meulaboh – Tapaktuan di Aceh Barat dan Aceh Selatan, Jembatan ADB Aceh Besar, Laguna, dan Lamjamee, Gedung Arsip di Banda Aceh, SPAM, Jalan Access New Town di Banda Aceh, dan Politeknik Kesehatan di Aceh Besar.

Malahayati in Aceh Besar, Balohan in Sabang, Meulaboh in West Aceh, Susoh in West Aceh Daya, Singkil, and Tapaktuan in South Aceh. A Damri bus terminal along with 28 bus units worth Rp 12,6 billion was also provided. Previously 13 projects of BRR worth Rp 715,3 billion were inaugurated by President Yudhoyono, among others Aceh Tsunami Museum, Ulee Lheue Crossing Harbour, Bendungan Keuliling, and Jembatan Cunda in Lhokseumawe. Towards the end of task, BRR also finished the development of Tsunami Memorial Building, Aceh Provincial Attorney General’s Office and Banda Aceh District Attorne’s Office complex, Jalan Meulaboh – Tapaktuan in West Aceh and South Aceh, Jembatan ADB Aceh Besar, Laguna, and Lamjamee, Archive Building in Banda Aceh, SPAM, Jalan Access New Town in Banda Aceh, and Politeknik Kesehatan in Aceh Besar.

BRR juga meninggalkan “warisan” gedung-gedung tahan gempa. Contohnya seperti disinggung di awal tulisan yakni escape building. Di Banda Aceh, selain di Lambung, escape building juga terdapat di Deah Glumpang, Deah Teungoh dan Gampong Pie, Yang terakhir ini difungsikan sebagai kantor Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC). Di kantor itulah, kerap digelar seminar-seminar kebencanaan dan riset tsunami yang melibatkan para pakar dari berbagai negara. Bangunan senilai Rp15 miliar itu konsep awalnya dibuat JICA. Proyek ini masuk ke dalam Urgent Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan (URRP) untuk Kota Banda Aceh. Tiap-tiap escape building dibangun dengan luas 1.400 meter persegi.

BRR also had “heritage” of shockproof buildings. For example as mentioned at the beginning of article namely escape building. In Banda Aceh, besides in Lambung, escape building also is in Deah Glumpang, Deah Teungoh and Gampong Pie, the last one is functioned as Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC) office. In that office, disaster affair seminars and tsunami research involving experts from many countries have been often held. Early concept of the building worth Rp 15 billion was made by JICA. This project was included in the Urgent Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan (URRP) for Banda Aceh City. Each escape building was built in the area of 1,400 square meter.

***

Ribuan rumah permanen maupun semi permanen dibangun oleh berbagai lembaga kemanusiaan dan pemerintah serta infrastruktur yang terdiri dari jalan desa, sistem drainase, jembatan, serta fasilitas umum sanitasi dan air. Banyak dari program melibatkan sumber daya masyarakat sejak dari perancangan hingga pembangunanya. / Thousands of permanent and semi-permanent houses built by various humanitarian and governmental institutions as well as infrastructure comprising roads of village, drainage system, bridges, and public facilities of sanitation and water. Many programs involve community resources from design to development. FOTO:

IST

Meskipun beberapa pihak mengharapkan agar tugas BRR diperpanjang, namun badan tersebut ditutup sebagaimana rencana semula. BRR beroperasi selama empat tahun dan berakhir masa tugas pada 17 April 2009.

Although several parties expected that assignment of BRR be extended, but such agency was dissolved as planned at first. BRR operated for four years and finished its assignment on April 17, 2009.

Setelah itu, tanggung jawab mengenai upaya rekonsÂtruksi dikembalikan kepada instansi-instansi yang mengurus pembangunan daerah, termasuk infrastruktur, sebagaimana keadaan normal. Sebagai gantinya, tugas BRR menjadi tanggung jawab kementerian atau lembaga, dan pemerintah daerah sesuai aturan undang-undang. Salah satunya, Bappenas. Sejak awal hingga akhir tugas, BRR bekerjasama dengan Pemerintah Aceh daerah dalam sekretariat bersama yang dibentuk secara resmi di Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (Bappeda) Aceh. Setelah penutupan BRR, tanggung jawab untuk mengkoordinasi keseluruhan upaya rekonstruksi dikembalikan kepada Bappenas.

Furthermore, responsibility for effort of reconstruction was returned to the institutions arranging the provincial development, including infrastructure, as normal condition. As a replacement, task of BRR became the responsibility of ministry or institution, and provincial government pursuant to the rule of law. One of them is Bappenas. From the beginning to the end, BRR cooperated with Aceh Government in the joint secretariat form officially in Regional Development Planning Agency (Bappeda) of Aceh. After the dissolution of BRR, responsibility for coordinating all efforts of reconstruction was returned to Bappenas.

Usai serah terima tersebut, prosedur konsultasi dan koordinasi sebagaimana biasa diperlukan untuk

After such hand-over, procedures for consultation and coordination as usually needed to work through a governmental system was required for the effort of reconstruction in Aceh and Nias. Transition from

bekerja melalui sistem pemerintahan dibutuhkan demi upaya rekonstruksi di Aceh dan Nias. Peralihan dari cara kerja melalui badan tunggal, yaitu BRR, menjadi bekerja melalui prosedur rutin dan struktur pemerintah merupakan tantangan bagi semua mitra rekonstruksi, termasuk MDF dan proyek-proyeknya. Ini berarti, berbagai organisasi donor yang membantu proses rekonstruksi harus menyesuaikan diri kembali dengan instansi-instansi yang melanjutkan kerja BRR. Bagian yang sangat penting dalam peralihan ini adalah menyusun amandemen dari berbagai perjanjian hibah untuk proyek-proyek MDF yang telah ditandatangani BRR dan kemudian dibutuhkan kemitraan dengan instansi-instansi pemerintah lain untuk penyelesaian proyek-proyek tersebut. Pemerintah Aceh sendiri setelah itu menyatakan siap melanjutkan program pembangunan Aceh pascaÂ bencana tsunami setelah BRR dibubarkan. Gubernur Aceh kala itu Irwandi Yusuf mengatakan pemerintah daerah bertugas mengoordinasikan kelanjutan rehabiÂ litasi dan rekonstruksi Aceh hingga akhir 2009.[]

method of work through a single agency, namely BRR, to routine procedures and governmental structure was a challenge for all partners of reconstruction, including MDF and its projects. It means that various donor organizations assisting reconstruction process had to re-adapt with the institutions continuing tasks of BRR. The most important part of this transition is to arrange amendment of various grant agreement to projects of MDF which had been signed by BRR and then it was needed partnership with other governmental institutions for the settlement of such projects. Furthermore, Aceh government itself stated to be ready to continue the development program of Aceh following the disaster of tsunami after BRR was dissolved. then Aceh Governor Irwandi Yusuf said that regional government was on duty to coordinate the continuation of rehabilitation and reconstruction of Aceh up to the end of 2009.[]

BAB III / CHAPTER III

BANGKIT ATAU MATI: ACEH SETELAH TSUNAMI RISE OR DEAD: ACEH AFTER TSUNAMI Daripada juléng göt buta; daripada capiek göt patah, daripada singèt göt rhô meubalék (Daripada juling lebih bagus buta; daripada pincang lebih baik patah; daripada miring lebih baik tumpah sekalian).

Sementara pada 2001, dalam laporan Kantor Perwakilan Komnas HAM Aceh tercatat 1.542 orang tewas, 1.017 orang luka-luka dan 817 orang hilang secara paksa. Api konflik juga menjamah pada pembakaran sekolah dan fasilitas umum. Di beberapa kota, aparatur pemerintahan tidak berfungsi secara normal. Jika pun beroperasi, para aparatur di gampong (desa) seperti keuchik (kepala desa) hidup di bawah tekanan.

Whilst in 2001, in the report of representative office of National Commission for Human Rights of Aceh it is recorded that 1,542 persons died, 1,017 persons were injured and 817 persons were forced to disappear. Fire of conflict also touched burning of school and public facilities. In several cities, government officers were not functioned normally. If they took action, the officers in gampong (desa) as keuchik (head of village) lived under pressure.

SUNAMI dan Perjanjian Damai yang diteken di Helsinki, Finlandia, pada 15 Agustus 2005 menjadi pintu pembuka bagi rakyat Aceh untuk keluar dari deraan konflik bersenjata. Dalam kurun waktu 30 tahun, petaka konflik mengakibatkan ribuan jiwa melayang. Korban, kebanyakan masyarakat sipil. Kontras Aceh mencatat sepanjang tahun 2000 saja, 1.632 orang menjadi korban kekerasan, pembunuhan, penyiksaan, pemerkosaan dan penculikan.

Upaya-upaya menghentikan konflik beberapa kali pernah dilakukan, tapi berkali-kali gagal. Secara tahapan, proses perdamaian Aceh dapat dibagi ke dalam tiga fase. Fase pertama, pencabutan Daerah Operasi Militer atau DOM pada 7 Agustus 1998.

SUNAMI and Peace Agreement signed in Hel sinki, Finland, on Agustus 15, 2005 becomes a preliminary of Aceh people to escape from the flogging of armed conflict. Within the period of 30 years, disaster of conflict caused thousands of residents died. Victims, most of them are civil community. Kontras Aceh records that only during the year 2000, 1,632 persons became victims of violence, murder, torture, rape and kidnapping.

Efforts to cease conflict were ever made several times, but it failed many times. In phases, Aceh peace process may be divided into three phases. The first phase, revocation of Military Operational Area or DOM on August 7, 1998.

DOM diberlakukan sejak 1989. Seiring pencabutan status itu, ribuan tentara ditarik dari Aceh. Namun, situasi keamanan justru kian tak kondusif. Di satu sisi, gaduhnya situasi reformasi terutama di Jakarta, dimanfaatkan aktivis Gerakan Aceh Merdeka atau GAM yang dulunya sempat tiarap kembali mencari ruang gerak. Tak berselang lama, aktivitas mereka kembali terendus aparat keamanan. Jakarta kemudian mengirim kembali pasukan ke Aceh. Jumlahnya bahkan lebih banyak ketimbang masa DOM. Pada 8 November 1999, rakyat Aceh berkumpul di Masjid Raya Baiturrahman mengusulkan digelarnya referendum untuk mengakhiri konflik Aceh. Beberapa opsi adalah menerima otonomi daerah atau berpisah dengan Indonesia. Salah satu lembaga yang mengusulkan referendum adalah Sentral Informasi Referendum Aceh atau SIRA. Beberapa tahun setelah Perjanjian Helsinki, SIRA berubah menjadi partai politik lokal. Tokohnya, Muhammad Nazar menjadi Wakil Gubernur Aceh bersanding dengan Gubernur Irwandi Yusuf. Pada 2 Juni 2000, Pemerintah Indonesia menyepakati gencatan senjata dengan GAM selama 15 hari. Gencatan ini acap disebut Jeda Kemanusiaan. Namun, Jeda ini hanya mengurangi tapi tak menghentikan kekerasan antara GAM dan aparat keamanan. Kedua belah pihak menuduh yang lainnya melanggar Jeda Kemanusiaan. Forum Hak Asasi Care memperkirakan, 64 orang tewas di Aceh sejak berlakunya Jeda Kemanusiaan hingga 21 Agustus tahun itu. Fase kedua, era pemerintahan Presiden Megawati. Ketika itu, dilakukan Kesepakatan Penghentian Permusuhan atau Cessation of Hostilities Agreement (CoHA) antara TNI dan GAM. CoHA difasilitasi oleh Henry Dunant Center. CoHA berlangsung sejak Desember 2002 ketika ditandatangani dan berakhir pada 18 Mei 2003 saat Megawati memberlakukan darurat militer di Aceh. Pada Mei 2004, darurat militer

Penandatanganan perjanjian perdamaian antara Pemerintah Indonesia dan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM) di Helsinki, Finlandia, 15 Agustus 2005. / A signing of peace agreement between Indonesian Government and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) in Helsinki, Finland, on August 15, 2005.

FOTO: IST

DOM had been applied since 1989. Along with that status, thousands of troops were withdrawn from Aceh. However, situation of security was not increasingly conducive. In one hand, the noise of reform situation particularly in Jakarta, was utilized by activist of Free Aceh Movement or GAM that was ever fallen to find a movement space. Shortly, their activity was come to be known by law enforcement officials. Jakarta then sent troops back to Aceh. The number was more than that in the period of DOM. On November 8, 1999 Aceh people gathered in Masjid Raya Baiturrahman to propose referendum on the end of Aceh conflict. Several options are to receive regional autonomy or be split from Indonesia.

One of institutions proposing the referendum is Aceh Referendum Information Center or SIRA. Several years after Helsinki Agreement, SIRA changed to be local political party. The figure Muhammad Nazar became Aceh Vice Governor accompanying Governor Irwandi Yusuf. On June 2, 2000 Indonesian Government agreed about ceasefire with GAM for 15 days. This ceasefire is often mentioned as Humanitarian Pause. However, this pause only reduced but not stopped violence between GAM and law enforcement officials. Both parties accused each other to have violated the Humanitarian Pause. Care Human Rights Forum estimates that 64 persons died in Aceh after the Humanitarian Paus applied until August 21 of that year. The second phase, Government Era of President Megawati.

Wakil Presiden RI M. Jusuf Kalla menerima mantan petinggi GAM, Hasan Tiro, di kediaman Wakil Presiden, Jakarta, Jumat, 24 Oktober 2008. / Vice President of RI, M. Jusuf Kalla receives former official of GAM, Hasan Tiro in the Vice President’s residence in Jakarta on Friday, October 24, 2008. FOTO: IST

di Aceh diturunkan menjadi darurat sipil. Ketika amuk lindu dan tsunami, konflik masih berlangsung. Fase ketiga, perundingan damai di Helsinki, Finlandia. Lewat perjanjian itu pula ditorehkan Memorandum of Understanding atau MoU Helsinki. Proses menghadir kan perjanjian ini juga lumayan berliku-liku. Bayangbayang keraguan kerap muncul. Terutama berkaca pada gagalnya CoHA. Di bawah ketidakpastian itulah, muncul Crisis Management Initiatives (CMI) pimpinan Marti Ahtisaari. Mantan presiden Finlandia ini tersohor punya reputasi internasional untuk menyelesaikan konflik. Marti

When Cessation of Hostilities Agreement (CoHA) between TNI and GAM was agreed. CoHA was facilitated by Henry Dunant Center. CoHA held from December 2002 when being signed until May 18, 2003 when Megawati applied martial law in Aceh. In May 2004, martial law in Aceh was decreased to be civil emergency. When earthquake and tsunami, conflict still occurred. The third phase, peace agreement in Helsinki, Finland. Through that agreement, Memorandum of Understanding or MoU Helsinki was also made. Process of making this agreement was also devious enough. Shadow of uncertainty often arised. Particularly taking the failure of CoHA as an example. Because of that uncertainty, Crisis Management Initiatives(CMI) led by Marti Ahtisaari appeared. This Former Finland president was known for international reputation to settle conflicts. Marti agreed to facilitate dialogue between both hostile parties. He had strategy of “nothing is agreed until everything is agreed.”

Delegasi Indonesia dan GAM foto bersama Marti Ahtisaari dalam rangkaian kesepakatan damai di Helsinki, Finlandia, 15 Agustus 2005 / Indonesian delegation and GAM take a photo together with Marti Ahtisaari in the series of peace agreement in Helsinki, Finland, on August 15, 2005. FOTO: IST

setuju memfasilitasi dialog antara dua pihak yang berseteru. Ia menggunakan strategi “nothing is agreed until everything is agreed.” Setelah lobi-lobi panjang dan alot, kedua pihak – RI dan GAM — setuju duduk bersama meneken kesepakatan damai. Kesepakatan di Finlandia dinilai lebih menjanjikan ketimbang CoHA. Selain lebih komprehensif karena tidak mengatur tentang keamanan saja, MoU Helsinki juga menyebut soal ekonomi, sistem sosial politik, self government dan partai politik lokal. Setelah perjanjian damai, dibentuk Aceh Monitoring Mission atau AMM. Salah satu misi yang diemban lembaga ini adalah memonitor demobilisasi GAM dan penghancuran senjatanya serta relokasi pasukan militer dan polisi nonorganik dari Aceh. AMM diketuai Pieter Feith, orang Belanda. Anggota AMM terdiri dari 220 orang, 120 dari Eropa sisanya dari negaranegara ASEAN. Keberhasilan AMM ditopang kuatnya dukungan Uni Eropa dan ASEAN sebagai lembaga monitoring kesepakatan damai. Tanpa dukungan ini, AMM juga dinilai sukar memainkan peran penting bagi

After long and tough lobby, both parties – RI and GAM — agreed to sign peace agreement together. Agreement in Finland was more promising than CoHA. Besides more comprehensive as it did not regulate security only, MoU Helsinki also mentioned about economy, political social system, self government and local political party. After the peace agreement, Aceh Monitoring Mission or AMM was established. One of the missions undertaken by this institution is to monitor the demobilization of GAM and destruction of its weapons as well as relocation of military forces and non-organic police from Aceh. AMM was chaired by Pieter Feith, a dutchman. Members of AMM comprised 220 persons, 120 from Europe and the rest from ASEAN countries. The success of AMM was sustained by the strength of European Union support and ASEAN as peace agreement monitoring institution. Without this support, AMM was also deemed difficult to play an important role for the implementation process of peace in Aceh. The reason is fund for rehabilitation and reconstruction of Aceh channeled from Europe both organizationally and individually.

proses impelementasi damai Aceh. Alasannya, dana untuk rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi Aceh mengalir dari Eropa, baik secara organisasi maupun individu. Tugas lain AMM adalah memantau proses reintegrasi. Misi lembaga ini baru berakhir pada 15 Desember 2006. Semua tugas yang dibebankan kepada AMM, menurut spesifikasi kesepakatan Helsinki telah dituntaskan dengan baik. Sebelum AMM bubar, pada Februari 2006 dibentuk Badan Reintegrasi Aceh (BRA) yang kemudian berubah nama menjadi Badan Reintegrasi Damai Aceh (BRDA). BRA mengemban misi antara lain mengakomodasi perencanaan dan pelaksanaan antarÂlembaga pemerintah dan nonpemerintah, baik domestik maupun asing untuk melaksanakan program pemberdayaan ekonomi dalam rangka reintegrasi Aceh sesuai MoU Helsinki. BRA juga melaksanakan program dan kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan reintegrasi Aceh menuju perdamaian yang berkelanjutan. Dalam cakupan reintegrasi, ada tiga kelompok yang mendapat bantuan yakni mantan kombatan, tahanan politik dan korban konflik. Sebagian dari mereka kemudian mendapat pemberdayaan dari IOM di bidang ekonomi, perawatan kesehatan dan pelatihan kejuruan. Mantan kombatan dan korban konflik juga mendapatkan bantuan program pemberdayaan ekonomi yang dijalankan oleh BRA.

Other tasks of AMM are to monitor reintegration process. This institutionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mission had just been ended on December 15, 2006. All tasks given to AMM, according the specification of Helsinki agreement, had been completed well. Before AMM was dissolved, in February 2006 Aceh Reintegration Board (BRA) later changed to be Aceh Peace Reintegration Board (BRDA) had been established. BRA carried out missions, among others accommodate planning and implementation of intergovernmental and non-governmental institutions domestically and internationally to implement the economic empowerment program in the framework of Aceh reintegration in accordance with MoU Helsinki. BRA also implemented program and activities relating to Aceh reintegration towards sustainable peace. In the scope of reintegration, there was three groups getting aids namely former combatants, political prisoners and conflict victims. A part of them then got empowerment from IOM in the field of economy, health care and vocational training. Former combatants and conflict victims also got aid from the economic empowerment program run by BRA.

Partai Lokal

Local Party

Salah satu mandat dari MoU Helsinki diimplemenÂ tasikan ke dalam Undang Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh atau UUPA. Secara legislasi, UUPA kemudian mengatur banyak hal. Salah satunya, pembentukan partai politik lokal dan pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah atau Pilkada di Aceh secara langsung.

One of mandates from MoU Helsinki was implemented to Law Number 11 of 2006 regarding Aceh Government or UUPA. In legislation, UUPA governs many things. One of them is the formation of local political parties and implementation of Direct Election of Regional Head or Pilkada in Aceh.

Partai politik lokal didirikan guna meningkatkan partisipasi politik masyarakat Aceh dalam rangka penyelenggaraan pemerintahan di daerah. Selain itu, untuk memperjuangkan cita-cita partai politik lokal dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara, sesuai kekhususan dan keistimewaan Aceh. Namun partai politik lokal di Aceh ini disyaratkan tidak boleh memperjuangkan kemerdekaan bagi daerahnya. Berselang 16 bulan setelah penandatanganan Nota Kesepahaman, Aceh menggelar Pilkada untuk menetapkan gubernur dan 21 bupati serta walikota. Pilkada diselenggarakan antara Desember 2006 hingga Januari 2008. Pilkada memilih gubernur dan wakil gubernur diikuti sembilan kandidat. Tiga di antaranya maju lewat jalur perseorangan atau nonpartai. Aceh

Any local political party is established in order to increase a political participation of Aceh community with regard to the regional governance. Moreover, it is to fight for the aspiration of any local political party in social, nation lives and statehood in accordance with the exclusivity and specialty of Aceh. However, these local political parties in Aceh were required not to fight for their regional freedom. Sixteen months after the signing of MoU, Aceh held Election of Regional Head (Pilkada) to appoint a governor and 21 Regents as well as Mayors. The election was held between December 2006 to January 2008. The election appointed a governor and vice governor participated by nine candidates. Three of them participated through the line of individual or nonparty. Aceh is the first region which was enabled to

merupakan daerah yang pertama kali diperbolehkan adanya calon independen atau perseorangan ini. Pasangan Irwandi Yusuf-Muhammad Nazar yang maju sebagai calon independen meraup suara terbanyak. Hal ini mengagetkan semua pihak. Terlebih, terlalu jauh jumlah suaranya bila dibandingkan pasangan calon lainnya. Sementara itu, dari 21 kabupaten dan kota yang menggelar Pilkada, sembilan daerah di antaranya dimenangkan oleh calon-calon independen. Pada 9 April 2009 digelar Pemilihan Umum Legislatif. Ini merupakan pemilu tingkat nasional pertama yang diselenggarakan di Aceh setelah konflik. Ada enam partai lokal di Aceh yang ikut serta Pemilu bersamasama dengan 38 partai nasional. Keenam partai tersebut adalah Partai Aman Aceh Sejahtera (PAAS), Partai Daulat Aceh (PDA), Partai Suara Independen Rakyat Aceh (SIRA), Partai Rakyat Aceh (PRA), Partai Aceh (PA), dan Partai Bersatu Aceh (PBA). Partai Aceh yang didirikan mantan kombatan GAM mendapat suara tertinggi di hampir seluruh kabupaten dan kota di Aceh. PA bahkan bisa mengalahkan suara partai nasional seperti Partai Golkar, Demokrat, PAN, PPP, PBB, dan PKS. Situs Komisi Independen Pemilihan atau KIP Aceh mencatat, jumlah suara yang didapatkan PA

have independent or individual candidate. Pair of Irwandi Yusuf-Muhammad Nazar fighting as independent candidate gained majority votes. This was surprised for all parties. Its total votes were more than that of other pairs of candidate. Whilst more than 21 regencies and cities holding the election, one of the nine regions was won by the independent candidates. On April 9, 2009 a Legislative General Election was held. This is the first national general election held in Aceh after conflict. There were six Aceh local parties participating in the election along with 38 national parties. Such six parties are Partai Aman Aceh Sejahtera (PAAS), Partai Daulat Aceh (PDA), Partai Suara Independen Rakyat Aceh (SIRA), Partai Rakyat Aceh (PRA), Partai Aceh (PA), dan Partai Bersatu Aceh (PBA). Partai Aceh established by former combatant of GAM got the highest vote almost throughout regencies and cities in Aceh. PA could even beat vote of national party such as Partai Golkar, Demokrat, PAN, PPP, PBB, and PKS. Website of Komisi Independen Pemilihan or KIP Aceh recorded, total votes obtained by PA in the 2009 election reached 46.93 percent.

dalam Pemilu 2009 mencapai 46.93 persen. Beralih ke tahun 2012, Aceh kembali menggelar Pilkada kedua setelah masa jabatan Irwandi YusufMuhammad Nazar habis. Seharusnya, Pilkada digelar pada 2011. Namun karena perdebatan panjang akibat kehadiran calon independen yang dalam Undangundang pemerintahan Aceh dibolehkan hanya satu kali, akhirnya jadwal Pilkada Aceh bergeser sampai empat kali.

In 2012 Aceh further held the second Election after the office term of Irwandi Yusuf-Muhammad Nazar had run out. The election should be held in 2011. However, as a long debate as a result of independent candidate existing in Law of Aceh Government was allowed only once, the Aceh election schedule was finally moved until four times. Revocation of Article 256 of Law Number 11 of 2006 regarding Aceh Government by the Constitutional

(atas) Kandidat calon Gubernur dan Wagub Pilkada Aceh 2012 ucapkan ikrar Pilkada damai (bawah) Menkopolhukam, Djoko Suyanto, bersama ketua KPU, para pejabat negara dan kandidat para gubernur/wakil gubernur melepas burung merpati sebagai simbol deklarasi pilkada damai di Masjid Raya Baiturrahman Banda Aceh, (14/3/12). / (top) Governor and Vice Governor Candidates in the 2012 Regional Head Election say a peace vow of the Regional Head Election (bottom) Menkopolhukam Djoko Suyanto, together with head of KPU, state officials and governor/vice governor candidates release pigeons as peace symbol of declaration of the Regional Head Election in Baiturrahman Mosque in Banda Aceh. (14/3/12). FOTO: IST

Deklarasi pemilu damai di Aceh di tandatangani oleh para pengurus partai yang mengikuti pemilu dan berbagai elemen masyarakat di Aceh. / A Peace declaration of general election in Aceh is signed by party officials participating in the general election and various elements of community in Aceh. FOTO: IST

Pencabutan pasal 256 Undang-undang nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi dan membolehkan calon independen ikut Pilkada, ditentang sejumlah kalangan partai. Partai Aceh yang menguasai parlemen tak memasukkan klausul calon independen dalam Qanun Pilkada. Akibatnya Qanun tak dapat disahkan, karena pemerintah Aceh tak sepakat. Namun, setelah gugatan demi gugatan bergulir, Pilkada digelar 9 April 2012. Calon independen diperbolehkan ikut serta. Akhirnya lima pasang kandidat calon Gubernur Aceh ditetapkan. Mereka adalah pasangan Tgk Ahmad Tajudin-Suriansyah, Irwandi Yusuf-Muhyan Yunan, Darni Daud-Ahmad Fauzi, Muhammad NazarNova Iriansyah, dan Zaini Abdullah-Muzakir Manaf. Pasangan yang disebutkan terakhir memenangkan Pilkada. Mereka diusung oleh Partai Aceh.

Court and enabling independent candidates to participate in the Election, was resisted by a number of parties. Partai Aceh domineering the parliament did not include independent candidate clause on Qanun of the Regional Election. The result is Qanun could not be ratified, as the Aceh Government did not agree. However, after claim by claim was lodged, the Regional Election was held on April 9, 2012. Any independent candidate was allowed to participate. Finally, five pairs of Aceh Governor Candidate were determined. They are pairs of Tgk Ahmad Tajudin-Suriansyah, Irwandi YusufMuhyan Yunan, Darni Daud-Ahmad Fauzi, Muhammad Nazar-Nova Iriansyah, dan Zaini Abdullah-Muzakir Manaf. The pair last mentioned had won the Regional Election. They were supported by Partai Aceh. It was not only at province level, the pair supported by

Proses pemungutan suara dalam pemilu Legislatif dan pemilu Presiden 2014 di aceh. / A process of voting in the 2014 legislative and Presidential elections in Aceh. FOTO: IST/RAHMAD

Tidak hanya di tingkat provinsi, pasangan yang diusung oleh PA juga menang di beberapa kabupaten. Misalnya, bupati dan Wakil Bupati Pidie Jaya Aiyub Abbas - Said Mulyadi, bupati dan wakil bupati Pidie Sarjani Abdullah-M Iriawan. Ketika digelar Pemilu Legislatif 2014, Partai Aceh kembali menjadi pemenang. Namun, jumlah suaranya menurun untuk tingkat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Aceh dibandingkan Pemilu 2009. Perolehan suara yang mampu dicapai partai lokal terbesar di Aceh itu hanya 847.956 suara dari jumlah 2.399.159 suara sah dengan jumlah Daftar Pemilih Tetap (DPT) 3.315.094 orang. Jumlah ini berdasarkan hasil rapat pleno rekapitulasi perolehan suara KIP Aceh untuk tingkat DPR Aceh di Gedung DPRA yang berakhir, Sabtu dinihari, 26 April 2014.

PA also won in several regencies. For example, Regent and Vice Regent Pidie Jaya Aiyub Abbas - Said Mulyadi, Regent and Vice Regent Pidie Sarjani Abdullah-M Iriawan. When the 2014 Legislative General Election was held, Partai Aceh had become the winner again. However, total vote decreased at level of House of Aceh Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Representatives compared with that in the 2009 General Election. The gain of votes that could be reached by the biggest local party in Aceh was only 847,956 of 2,399,159 valid votes with total Fixed Voter List (DPT) of 3,315,094 persons. This number is based on the result of recapitulation plenum of vote gain of KIP Aceh at level of DPR Aceh in DPRA building ended on Saturday at dawn, April 26, 2014.

Syariat Islam

Islamic Shari’a

Selain kemunculan partai lokal yang menghiasi politik Aceh usai tsunami, penerapan syariat Islam juga mulai mewarnai kehidupan masyarakat. Beberapa peraturan daerah atau qanun pun dibuat menyangkut syariat Islam, seperti: Qanun Nomor 5 Tahun 2000 tentang Pelaksanaan Syariat Islam, Qanun Nomor 11 Tahun 2002 tentang Pelaksanaan Syariat Islam Bidang Akidah, Ibadah, dan Syiar Islam, Qanun Nomor 12 Tahun 2003 tentang Khamar (Minuman Keras), Qanun Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Maisir (Perjudian), serta Qanun Nomor 14 Tahun 2003 tentang Khalwat (Mesum). Teranyar, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Aceh mengesahkan Qanun Pokok-Pokok Syariat Islam dan Qanun Hukum Jinayat pada September 2014.

Besides the emergence of local party decorated Aceh politic after tsunami, application ofo Islamic Shari’a also began to influence the life of community. Several regional regulations or qanun were also made in connection with Islamic Shari’a, such as Qanun Number 5 of 2000 regarding Implementation of Islamic Shari’a, Qanun Number 11 of 2002 regarding Implementation of Islamic Shari’a in the scope of Faith (Akidah), Worship, and the Greatness of Islam, Qanun Number 12 of 2003 regarding Khamar (the Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages), Qanun Number 13 of 2003 regarding tentang Maisir (Gambling), as well as Qanun Number 14 of 2003 regarding Khalwat (Close Proximity). The latest, the House of Aceh People’s Representatives ratified Qanun (on Islamic Shari’a Principles) and Qanun Hukum Jinayat (criminal Law) in September 2014.

Dari semua peraturan itu, Qanun Jinayat yang mendapat perhatian dari banyak pihak. Sekretaris Daerah Aceh Dermawan mengaku qanun ini memang merupakan qanun usulan dari Pemerintah Aceh sebagai perwujudan dan implementasi UUPA. Qanun Jinayat (pidana) mengatur tentang perbuatan yang dilarang syariat Islam dan tentang hukuman yang

Of all those rules, Qanun Jinayat obtained a lot of attention from many parties. Aceh Regional Secretary Dermawan admitted that this qanun was proposed by Aceh Government as the realization and implementation of UUPA.

dijatuhkan hakim untuk pelaku. Perbuataan yang diatur di antaranya meliputi khamar (minuman keras), maisir (judi), khalwat (perbuatan tersembunyi antara dua orang berlainan jenis yang bukan mahram), ikhtilath (bermesraan antara dua orang berlainan jenis yang bukan suami istri), zina, pelecehan seksual, dan pemerkosaan. Selanjutnya juga qadzaf (menuduh orang melakukan zina tanpa dapat mengajukan paling kurang empat saksi), liwath (homo seksual) dan musahaqah (lesbian). Hukuman yang diberikan kepada pelaku adalah hukuman cambuk atau denda berupa emas atau penjara. Banyaknya cambuk atau denda tergantung dari tingkat kesalahan. Paling ringan sepuluh kali atau denda 100 gram emas atau penjara 10 bulan dan paling berat adalah 150 kali atau denda 1.500 gram emas atau penjara 150 bulan. Qanun ini juga berlaku bagi nonmuslim yang melanggar syariat Islam. Soal ini diatur dalam Pasal 5 poin b dan c. Butir b berbunyi, "Setiap orang beragama bukan Islam yang melakukan jarimah (kejahatan) di Aceh bersama-sama dengan orang Islam dan memilih serta menundukkan diri secara sukarela pada hukum Jinayat." Sementara itu, butir c berbunyi, "Setiap orang beragama

Qanun Jinayat (criminal) regulates on action prohibited by Islamic Shariâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;a and punishment imposed by judge to a doer. An action regulated among others khamar (the Consumption of Alcohol Beverages), maisir (gambling), khalwat (a hidden action between two different gender persons who are not close relatives), ikhtilath (to be intimate between two different gender persons who are not wife and husband), adultery, sexual harassment, and rape. Further also qadzaf (accuse someone to have done an adultery without being able to give at least four witnesses), liwath (homo sexual) and musahaqah (lesbian). Punishment imposed to a doer is caning or fines in the form of gold or sentence to prison. The quantity of whip or fines depends on the level of mistake. The lightest is ten times or 100 gram gold fines or 10 month prison and the heaviest is 150 times or 1.500 gram gold fines or 150 month prison. This Qanun also applies to non-muslim violating Islamic Shariâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;a. This matter is regulalted in Article 5 point b and c. Item b reads, "Every non-muslim religious person doing jarimah (crime) in Aceh together with Islamic people and choosing as well as voluntarily obeying Jinayat (criminal) Law."

Anggota TNI wanita memakai seragam yang dilengkapi dengan hijab. / Female members of TNI wear uniform equipped with veil. FOTO: IST

bukan Islam yang melakukan perbuatan jarimah di Aceh yang tidak diatur dalam KUHP atau ketentuan pidana di luar KUHP, tetapi diatur dalam Qanun ini." Ketua Komisi G DPR Aceh Ramli Sulaiman seperti dikutip Kompas mengatakan, hukuman yang sudah ditetapkan tidak serta-merta bisa dijatuhkan langsung kepada terdakwa, tetapi akan melalui proses-proses pemeriksaan, termasuk adanya saksi yang menguatÂ kan terhadap pelaku kejahatan.

Whilst point butir c reads, "Every non-muslim religious person doing jarimah (crime) in Aceh not regulated in the Criminal Code (KUHP) or provisions of criminal outside KUHP, but regulated in this Qanun." Head of G Commission of Aceh DPR Ramli Sulaiman, as excerpted by Kompas, said that the punishment that has been determined is not necessarily to be imposed to a defendant, but it will be through examination processes, including witness reinforcing the doer of crim.

(kiri) Petugas Wilayatul Hisbah Dinas Syariat Islam dibantu aparat kepolisian melakukan operasi Penegakan Syariat Islam di Banda Aceh. (kanan) Hukuman cambuk merupakan implementasi dari pemberlakuan Qanun Syariat Islam di Aceh. / (left) Officers of Wilayatul Hisbah Dinas Syariat Islam are assisted by police officers to do an operation of Penegakan Syariat Islam in Banda Aceh. (right) Caning is the implementation of applied Qanun Syariat Islam in Aceh. FOTO: ANT/IST

(kiri) Wisatawan asing menggunakan kerudung di Aceh. (kanan) Wisatawan wanita menggunakan penutup aurat ketika mengunjungi Mesjid Raya Baiturrahman. / (left) Foreign tourists wear veil in Aceh. (right) Female Tourists wear a genitalia covering when visiting Baiturrahman Mosque. FOTO: AHMAD ARISKA | IST

Pelaksanaan syariat Islam dilakukan oleh Dinas Syariat Islam di tingkat provinsi maupun kabupaten dan kota. Selain itu juga ada Wilayatul Hisbah atau Polisi Syariat yang bertugas mengawasi.

Implementation of Islamic Shari’a is made by Islamic Shari’a Service at provincial, regency and municipal levels. Moreover, there is also Wilayatul Hisbah or Shari’s Police providing supervision.

Berkaca pada sejarah, pelaksanaan syariat Islam di Aceh telah dicetuskan sejak awal kemerdekaan. Pada era ini, Aceh berupaya mendapatkan pengakuan dari pemerintah pusat. Setelah itu, pada 1959 hingga 1999 mulai ada pengakuan politis, tetapi tidak dilanjutkan dengan kebijakan untuk mengaplikasikannya. Tahap berikutnya sejak 1999 hingga 2006 berupa pemberian izin pelaksanaan secara terbatas atau upaya mencari bentuk. Setelah 2006 syariat Islam dilaksanakan secara relatif luas dan diberi pengakuan sebagai sub sistem dalam sistem hukum nasional.

To take an example from history, the implementation of Islamic Shari’a in Aceh has been triggered since the beginning of freedom. In this era, Aceh tried to get an admission from central government. , from 1959 to 1999 a political admission began to be given, but it was not continued with a policy to apply so. The next phase from 1999 to 2006 it was grant of limited implementation permit or effort to find a form. After 2006 Islamic Shari’a was implemented relatively broad and given admission as sub-system in the national legal system.

Anggota Polisi Wanita (polwan) berjilbab meneriakan yel-yel dalam kegiatan orientasi di Banda Aceh. / Female Police Officers (polwan) wearing veil shout yells in the orientation activity in Banda Aceh. FOTO: AMPELSA

Pembangunan Infrastruktur

Development of Infrastructure

Gempa bumi dan gelombang tsunami pada 26 Desember 2004 menimbulkan kerusakan prasarana jalan, terutama di lintasan Banda Aceh-Meulaboh. Data dari International Organization for Migration, kerusakan meliputi 654 kilometer jalan arteri, 136 kilometer jalan desa, 603 kilometer jalan provinsi, 2.267 unit jembatan dan 9.122 unit saluran drainase. Total kerugian praÂ sarana infrastruktur jalan mencapai 877 miliar Dolar AS.

Earthquake and tsunami wave on December 26, 2004 caused damage of road facilities, particularly in the track of Banda Aceh-Meulaboh. According to data from the InternationalOrganization for Migration, damages covered 654 kilometer of arterial road, 136 kilometer of rural road, 603 kilometer of provincial road, 2,267 units of bridge and 9,122 units of drainage. Total loss of road facility and infrastructure is US$877 billion.

Dampak lebih luas adalah terputusnya aksesibilitas wilayah pantai barat Aceh dengan daerah dan kotakota penting lain di sekitarnya. Beberapa ruas jalan antara Krueng Raba-Lhok Nga dan Meulaboh tenggelam ke dalam laut. Begitu pula prasarana pelabuhan laut di Lhok Nga, Calang, dan Meulaboh. Satu-satunya prasarana transportasi yang berfungsi hanyalah Bandar Udara Cut Nyak Dhien di Meulaboh.

Huge impact is the snapped accessibility of Aceh west coast area to other important surrounding areas and cities. Several roads between Krueng Raba-Lhok Nga and Meulaboh went under sea water. It was also sea port infrastructure in Lhok Nga, Calang, and Meulaboh. The only infrastructure of transportation having function is Cut Nyak Dhien Airport in Meulaboh.

Putusnya akses ke wilayah pantai barat Aceh mengÂ akibatkan hampir semua aktivitas sosial ekonomi masyaÂrakat di sepanjang jalan Banda Aceh-Meulaboh nyaris terhenti. Bahkan dalam bulan-bulan pertama

The snapped access to Aceh west coast area caused almost all socio-economic activities of community along Banda Aceh-Meulaboh road to cease. In the first months of tsunami wave, community especially survivors did not get supply of basic need materials.

gelomÂbang tsunami, masyarakat terutama penyintas tidak mendapatkan pasokan bahan-bahan kebutuhan pokok. Membuka kembali akses ke pantai barat Aceh menjadi hal mendesak yang harus dilakukan BRR. Langkah ke arah rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi Jalan Banda Aceh-Meulaboh mendapat dukungan dana hibah dari Pemerintah Amerika Serikat melalui USAID. USAID membantu menangani jalur darat sepanjang 240 kilometer. Pada 8 Mei 2005, Pemerintah Indonesia yang diwakili Departemen Pekerjaan Umum menanÂ datangani nota kerjasama dengan USAID. Proses penandatanganan MoU tersebut dilakukan di JemÂ batan Krueng Raba, Lhok Nga, Aceh Besar. Pembangunan lebih mengutamakan jalan lama sebelum tsunami yaitu pada bagian utara dan selatan (Banda Aceh dan Lamno). Pembangunan jalan baru dilakukan dari Lamno ke Meulaboh untuk menghindari daerah datar dekat pantai yang ketinggiannya mendekati permukaan laut. Pada sebagian pembangunan jalan baru di daerah selatan, kegiatan rekonstruksi dan rehabilitasi jalan

Re-opening the access to Aceh west coast became an urgent matter that had to be done by BRR. Steps to the direction of rehabilitation and reconstruction of Banda Aceh-Meulaboh road obtained support of endowment fund from Government of the United States of America through USAID. USAID assisted to handle 240 kilometer of landline. On May 8, 2005 Indonesian Government represented by the Ministry of Public Works signed MoU with USAID. Process of signing MoU was taken place in Krueng Raba bridge, Lhok Nga, Aceh Besar. The development prioritized old roads before tsunami, that is at the northern and southern (Banda Aceh and Lamno). The development of new roads was occurred from Lamno to Meulaboh to avoid flat area near coast whose the height approaches the sea level. At a part of development of new roads in the southern, activity of road reconstruction and rehabilitation caused an excavation and relocation of land and rock. This activity changed the condition of soil vegetation and landscape. Result of that development can be seen up to now.

Upacara pembukaan proyek rekonstruksi 150 KM jalan dan jembatan di Aceh. Jalan Raya Banda Aceh-Calang merupakan proyek raksasa berdana 250 juta USD yang dikelola USAID membentang menyusuri pantai barat Aceh. / An opening ceremony of the 150 km road and bridge reconstruction project in Aceh. Banda Aceh-Calang highway is a giant project having fund amounting to US$250 million managed by USAID across the west coast of Aceh. FOTO: IST

berakibat terjadinya penggalian dan relokasi tanah serta batuan. Kegiatan ini mengubah kondisi vegetasi tanah dan bentang alam. Hasil dari pembangunan itu bisa dilihat hingga sekarang. Jalur transportasi dari Banda AcehMeulaboh kembali lancar. Kondisi ini juga membuat pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat berangsur-angsur membaik. Di sepanjang jalan ini juga terdapat banyak objek wisata yang menjadi tempat tetirah wisatawan lokal dan mancanegara. Selain jalan, transportasi ke wilayah barat Aceh juga didukung lewat jalur udara. BRR Aceh-Nias mendanai pembangunan tujuh bandara perintis di koridor barat selatan dan tengah Aceh. Ketujuh bandara

Transportation line from Banda Aceh-Meulaboh has been smooth again. This condition also has made the economic growth of community gradually to be good. Along this road it is also many tourism objects that become a resort of local and foreign tourist. Besides road, transportation to Aceh west area was also supported by air line. BRR Aceh-Nias funded the development of seven pioneer airports in south west and central corridor of Aceh. Those seven airports now have function well to facilitate transportation to regency and city areas. The seven pioneer airports built and rehabilitated again by BRR are Cut Nyak Dhien Airport (West Aceh), Maimun Saleh Airport (Sabang), Kuala Batu Airport (Southwest Aceh), Teuku Cut Ali Airport (South Aceh), Rembele Airport (Aceh Tengah),

(kiri) diambil pada tanggal 9 Januari 2005, Jalan pantai utama ditutupi oleh puing-puing di mana rumah-rumah dan bangunan sekitarnya rusak berat dan desadesa pesisir hilang di sapu tsunami dan lokasi yang sama difoto pada 29 November 2014 (kanan) menunjukkan jalan baru yang telah dibangun. / (left) taken on January 9, 2005 the main beach road is covered by ruins in which the surrounding houses and buildings are severely damaged and the villages disappear because of being swept by the tsunami and picture of the location is taken on November 29, 2014 (right) indicates a new road built. FOTO: AFP

itu kini berfungsi dengan baik untuk memudahkan transportasi ke wilayah kabupaten dan kota. Ketujuh bandara perintis yang dibangun dan direhabilitasi kembali oleh BRR adalah Bandara Cut Nyak Dhien (Aceh Barat), Bandara Maimun Saleh (Sabang), Bandara Kuala Batu (Aceh Barat Daya), Bandara Teuku Cut Ali (Aceh Selatan), Bandara Rembele (Aceh Tengah), Bandara Lasikin (Simeulue), dan Bandara di Aceh Singkil. Di antara bandara-bandara tersebut ada yang dibangun baru, ada juga yang hanya ditingkatkan landasan pacunya, penyediaan fasilitas terminal, dan infrastruktur lain. Selain bandara, BRR juga mendanai pembangunan landasan helikopter di Pulau Rondo, kepulauan terluar

Lasikin Bandara (Simeulue), and Airport in Aceh Singkil. Among those airports there had just been newly built and had just improved its runway, supply of terminal facility, and other infrastructures. Besides airport, BRR also funded the development of helipad in Rondo Island, the outer island of the westernmost tip of Aceh, Pulo Breuh (Aceh Besar) and Pulau Banyak (Singkil). Furthermore, air stripe in Calang (Aceh Jaya), Blangkejeren (Gayo Lues), and Sibigo (Simeulue) had been also built. As the only international airport, Aceh now has Sultan Iskandar Muda (SIM) Airport in Blang Bintang, Aceh Besar. Name of the airport was derived from the name

Bandar Udara Maimun Saleh, Sabang merupakan salah satu bandara yang di rehabilitasi oleh BRR. / Maimun Saleh Airport, Sabang is one of the airports rehabilitated by BRR. FOTO: IST

(kiri atas) Lasdscape udara bandara Sultan Iskandar Muda (SIM). (kanan) Sebuah pesawat maskapai penerbangan terparkir di bandara SIM. (bawah kiri) Suasana bandara Sultan Iskandar Muda. (bawah kanan) Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono mendengarkan penjelasan dari Gubernur Aceh, Irwandi Yusuf saat meninjau bandara internasional Sultan Iskandar Muda (6/8/2009). / (top left) the Landscape of Sultan Iskandar Muda (SIM) airport. (right) a plane of airline is parked in SIM airport. (bottom left) A condition of Sultan Iskandar Muda airport. (bottom right) President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono listens to the explanation of Aceh Governor Irwandi Yusuf when visiting Sultan Iskandar Muda International Airoport (6/8/2009). FOTO: IST

di ujung paling barat Aceh, Pulo Breuh (Aceh Besar) dan Pulau Banyak (Singkil). Selanjutnya juga sudah dibangun landasan udara (air stripe) di Calang (Aceh Jaya), Blangkejeren (Gayo Lues), dan Sibigo (Simeulue). Sebagai bandara internasional satu-satunya, Aceh kini memiliki Bandara Sultan Iskandar Muda (SIM) di Blang Bintang, Aceh Besar. Nama bandara diambil dari nama Sultan Iskandar Muda. Ia sultan yang paling tenar dalam kiprah Kerajaan Aceh di masa lampau. Sultan Iskandar Muda juga telah ditabalkan sebagai pahlawan Nasional dari Aceh. Bandara Internasional SIM pernah difungsikan sebagai basis pengiriman obat-obatan dari berbagai wilayah

of Sultan Iskandar Muda. He was the most famous sultan in Aceh Kingdom in the past. Sultan Iskandar Muda has been crowned as National hero from Aceh. SIM International Airport was ever functioned as basis of drugs shipment from various part of the world for tsunami victims of Aceh. After tsunami, the airport was renovated. The development covered new terminal building of passengers, extension of runway of 3,000 meter, parking expansion of planes, development of tower. The development of terminal consists of three storeys with total area of 14,144 square meter. The airport is able to accommodate passengers up to 1,750 million

(kiri) Acara seromoni pembangunan Politeknik Aceh yang merupakan prakarsa pemerintah kota Banda Aceh bekerjasama dengan Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi, USAID, CHF International, dan CHEVRON Corporation. (kanan) Gedung utama Politeknik Aceh. / (left) A ceremonial program of Aceh Polytechnic development that is an initiative of Banda Aceh City Government cooperating with a Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency, USAID, CHF International, and CHEVRON Corporation. (right) The main building of Aceh Polytechnic. FOTO: IST

dunia untuk korban tsunami Aceh. Setelah tsunami, bandara direnovasi. Pengembangannya meliputi gedung terminal penumpang baru, perpanjangan landasan pacu menjadi 3.000 meter, perluasan parkir pesawat, pembangunan menara.

person per year. Architect that is a blend of modern Islamic architectural and Aceh ornament esthetic elements in interior part. The exterior displays three domes symbolizing three specialties in Aceh, that is religion, culture, and education.

Bangunan terminal terdiri dari tiga lantai dengan luas total 14.144 meter persegi. Bandara mampu menampung penumpang hingga 1,750 juta orang per tahun. Arsitek bangunan perpaduan arsitektur Islam

Inaugurated by President Susilo in 2009, SIM International Airport was built around Rp 600 billion in the fund. Besides Rp 478 billion from BRR there was also investment of Rp 125 billion from internal fund of

Dutabesar Jerman untuk Indonesia Norbert Bass, bersama Gubernur Aceh Irwandi Yusuf menandatangani pelakat pada peresmian RSUD Zainoel Abidin di Banda Aceh. / German Ambassador for Indonesia Norbert Bass, along with Aceh Governor Irwandi Yusuf signs a placard in the official announcement of Zainoel Abidin Provincial Public Hospital in Banda Aceh. FOTO: IST

bernuansa modern dengan elemen estetik ornamen Aceh di bagian interior. Bagian luarnya menampilkan tiga kubah yang melambangkan tiga keistimewaan di Aceh, yaitu agama, budaya, dan pendidikan. Diresmikan Presiden Susilo pada 2009, Bandara Internasional SIM dibangun dengan dana sekitar Rp600 miliar. Selain Rp478 miliar dari BRR juga ada investasi Rp125 miliar dari dana internal PT Angkasa Pura II yang mengelola bandara. Pada Oktober 2011, untuk pertama kalinya Boeing 747-400 mengangkut jamaah haji embarkasi Banda Aceh lewat bandara tersebut. Adapun transportasi lewat jalur laut terutama pengangkutan barang sekarang dapat dilakukan lewat beberapa pelabuhan. Salah satunya, Pelabuhan Malahayati di Krueng Raya, Aceh Besar. Pelabuhan ini menabalkan nama Laksamana Malahayati, perempuan pejuang dari Kesultanan Aceh. Nama aslinya Keumalahayati. Ia dicatat sejarah pernah memimpin 2.000 Inong Balee (janda-janda pahlawan yang telah tewas) berperang melawan Belanda. Keumalahayati mendapat gelar laksamana setelah ia menewaskan Cornelis de Houtman dalam pertempuran satu lawan satu di geladak kapal. Saat tsunami menghantam, Pelabuhan Malahayati tidak hancur separah Pelabuhan Ulee Lheue di Banda Aceh. Terminal pelabuhan masih berdiri utuh. Hanya gudang dermaga yang pintunya jebol dihantam truk pasir yang didorong gelombang tsunami. Saat itu

PT Angkasa Pura II managing the airport. In Oktober 2011 for the first time Boeing 747-400 carried pilgrims of Banda Aceh embarkation via such airport. Whereas transportation via sea lanes especially freightage can be now arranged via several ports. One of them is Malahayati port in Krueng Raya, Aceh Besar. This port uses name of Laksamana Malahayati, a fighter woman from Kesultanan Aceh. Her original name is Keumalahayati. She was recorded in history that she ever led 2,000 Inong Balee (widows of died hero) being at war against Dutchmen. Keumalahayati got admiral title after she killed Cornelis de Houtman in a one-on-one battle on a ship deck. When tsunami hit, Malahayati Port was not destroyed as sever as Ulee Lheue Port in Banda Aceh. Terminal of the port still stood up straight. Only door of warehouse of dock was broken down because of being hit by a sand truck pushed by tsunami wave. At that time Malahayati had function as port of goods and passenger transportation, especially ferry crossing to Sabang City. Whilst passenger transportation by a speedboat was used via Ulee Lheue. That unlucky morning, about two hours after tsunami had hit, a ferry came from Sabang filled by hundreds of passengers. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Holdâ&#x20AC;? was crowded containing motorcycles, cars, even trucks. Ferry did not anchored although the dock was still perfect. Only several passengers went down. Ferry then changed its direction

Malahayati berfungsi sebagai pelabuhan barang dan angkutan penumpang, terutama penyeberangan feri ke Kota Sabang. Sementara pengangkutan penumpang dengan kapal cepat, dilakukan lewat Ulee Lheue. Pagi naas itu, sekitar dua jam setelah tsunami datang, sebuah feri baru tiba dari Sabang berisi ratusan penumpang. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Perutâ&#x20AC;? kapal padat berisi sepeda motor, mobil, bahkan truk. Feri tak berlabuh walaupun dermaganya masih utuh. Hanya beberapa penumpang saja yang turun. Feri lalu berbalik arah ke Sabang, menyusul kapal cepat yang juga tidak bisa bersauh karena dermaga Ulee Lheue tak berjejak lagi.

(atas) Meuligoe Wali Nanggroe yang telah selesai dibangun. (bawah) Gubernur Aceh, Zaini Abdullah meninjau proyek pembangunan Meuligoe Wali Nanggroe di Desa Lheu Blang, Darul Imarah, Aceh Besar. / (top) Meuligoe Wali Nanggroe has been completely built. (bottom) Aceh Governor Zaini Abdullah observes a development project of Meuligoe Wali Nanggroe in Lheu Blang Village, Darul Imarah, Aceh Besar. FOTO: ANT

(kiri) Foto satelit pelabuhan Malahayati, Aceh. (kanan) Sebuah kapal bersandar di pelabuhan Malahayati. / (left) Photo of Malahayati port satellite, Aceh. (right) A ship moors in Malahayati port. FOTO. IST

Usai tsunami, Pelabuhan Malahayati kemudian dibangun kembali. Pembiayaannya dibantu PemerinÂ tah Belanda dan Multi Donor Fund (MDF) BRR. Situs malahayati.inaport.co.id melansir, luas dermaga beton pelabuhan yang sebelumnya 1.600 meter persegi ditambah menjadi 6.800 meter persegi. Selain itu, kapasitas sandar kapal sebelumnya, 7.000 DWT (Deadweight tonnage) menjadi 10.000 DWT. Sejak 2011, Malahayati berstatus sebagai pelabuhan

to Sabang, following speedboat that could not anchor also because Ulee Lheue dock had destroyed. After tsunami, Malahayati Port was then re-built. The financing was assisted by Dutch Government and Multi Donor Fund (MDF) BRR. malahayati.inaport.co.id website reports that area of concrete dock of the port that was previously 1,600 square meter became 6,800 square meter. Moreover, capacity of leaning ship that was previously 7,000 DWT (Deadweight tonnage) became 10.000 DWT.

(kiri) Kapal pesiar Caledonian Sky Nassau berbendera Bahama berlabuh di pelabuhan Krueng Geukuh Aceh Utara. (kanan) Beberapa pekerja tampak berjagajaga di area pelabuhan Blang Lancang, saat tiba LNG perdana dari Tangguh Papua ke Perta Arun Gas. / (left) Caledonian Sky Nassau Tourism ship with Bahama flag anchors in Krueng Geukuh port, North Aceh. (Right) Several workers guard in the area of Blang Lancang port, when the prime LNG from Tanggun Papua to Perta Arun Gas arrives. FOTO. IST | ISKANSAR M

(kiri) Plang selamat datang di pelabuhan feri Ulee Lheue. (kanan) Sebuah kapal Feri bersandar di pelabuhan Ulee Lheue, Aceh. / (left) Welcome sign post in Ulee Lheue ferry port. (right) A Ferry ship berths in Ulee Lheue port, Aceh. FOTO. IST

internasional untuk aktivitas ekspor impor. Kapal berbobot 8.000 ton kini bisa singgah di sana. PelabuÂ han Malahayati sudah menjadi pintu masuk beberapa barang impor, seperti aspal drum yang dipasok dari Singapura, serta beras dan gula dari Thailand. Pada 2013, Pemerintah Aceh berencana menjadikan Pelabuhan Malahayati sebagai pelabuhan peti kemas. Kerjasama kemudian diteken antara Pelindo I dan sebuah perusahaan pelayaran. Terminal peti kemas

Since 2011 Malahayati has had status as international port for the purpose of export import activities. A ship having weight of 8.000 ton now can stop by there. Malahayati Port has become entrance of several imported goods, such as drum asphalt supplied from Singapore, as well as rice and sugar from Thailand. In 2013 Aceh Government planned to make Malahayati Port to be a container port. The cooperation was then signed between Pelindo I and a shipping company.

Pembangunan tanggul pantai dan pelabuhan penyeberangan Ulee Lheue, Banda Aceh. Pembangunan tanggul pelabuhan kapal penyeberangan yang menyatu dengan pembangunan jalan pantai di kawasan bekas tsunami untuk memperluas akses perekonomian, pencegahan abrasi, wisata, dan transportasi laut. / A Development of beach dike and Ulee Lheue port of crossing, Banda Aceh. The development of crossing port dike combined with the development of beach road in the area of former tsunami to enlarge access of economy, protection of abrasion, tourism, and marine transportation. FOTO: AMPELSA/ANT

Bendungan Keuliling, Cot Glie, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, bendungan yang di danai oleh BRR ini selain berfungsi sebagai irigasi juga menjadi tempat tujuan wisata. / Keuliling dam, Cot Glie, Aceh Besar Regency, the dam funded by BRR functions as irrigation and destination of tourism as well. FOTO. IST

Malahayati bakal melayani rute ke Pelabuhan Tanjung Priuk, Jakarta. Awal Juli tahun itu, kapal peti kemas yang membawa 70 kontainer merapat di Malahayati. Kapal membawa tepung terigu, air dalam kemasan, susu, dan satu unit mobil pengangkut kontainer.

Malahayati Container terminal would serve route to Tanjung Priuk Port, Jakarta in early July of that year, container ship carrying 70 containers moored in Malahayati. The ship carried flour, water in packaging, milk, and one unit of container carrying car.

Selain Malahayati, di lintas timur Aceh ada Pelabuhan Krueng Geukueh di Kecamatan Dewantara, Aceh Utara. Krueng Geukueh berfungsi sebagai pelabuhan ekspor impor terbatas. Hal ini sesuai Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan RI Nomor: 61/M-DAG/PER/9/2013 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Nomor 83/M-DAG/PER/12/2012 tentang Ketentuan Impor Produk Tertentu di Pelabuhan Umum Krueng Geukueh. Pelabuhan ini bisa mengimpor 840 item.

Besides Malahayati, at east cross of Aceh there is Krueng Geukueh Port in Dewantara Sub-district, North Aceh. Krueng Geukueh has function as limited export import. This matter is pursuant to Regulation of the Minister of Trade of RI Number: 61/M-DAG/PER/9/2013 regarding Change of Regulation of the Minister of Trade Number 83/M-DAG/PER/12/2012 regarding Provisions of Certain Product Import in Krueng Geukueh General Port. This port can import 840 items.

Pada 1970-an, pelabuhan yang dulu disebut Pelabuhan Lhokseumawe ini aktivitasnya lebih ramai

In 1970s, activity of the port previously named Lhokseumawe Port was more crowded than that of

Pelabuhan Krueng Geukuh, Aceh Utara. yang merupakan pelabuhan ekspor impor terbatas di Aceh. / Krueng Geukuh port, North Aceh that is a limited export and import port in Aceh. FOTO.IST

Presiden Joko Widodo (tengah) didampingi Gubernur Aceh Zaini Abdullah (kiri), meresmikan pengerjaan bendungan Krueng Keureuto Aceh Utara. Waduk raksasa dengan luas areal 994 hektar dengan panjang 384 meter dan tinggi 74 meter menggunakan pembiayaan APBN sebesar Rp1,7 triliun itu mampu menampung 215 juta kubik air, dan siap dikerjakan selama empat tahun. / President Joko Widodo (center) accompanied by Aceh Governor Zaini Abdullah (left), inaugurates Krueng Keureuto dam work in North Aceh. A Giant reservoir in the area of 994 hectares with 384 meter in width and 74 meter in height uses APBN financing amounting to Rp1,7 billion that is able to collect 215 million cubic water, and ready to be processed for four years. FOTO. IST

ketimbang Belawan di Sumatera Utara. Berbagai jenis kapal kerap singgah untuk kegiatan ekspor impor karena faktor lokasi pelabuhan yang strategis di lintas Selat Malaka.

Belawan in North Sumatera. Various types of ship often stopped by for the purpose of export import activities as it was supported by strategic port location factors in Malaka cross-strait.

Kini, pemerintah daerah ingin mengemas pelabuhan itu menjadi pintu masuk investasi ke Aceh Utara. Apalagi, Krueng Geukueh juga memiliki fasilitas seperti peralatan apung meliputi kapal tunda, kapal pandu, dan kapal kepil, serta peralatan darat seperti reachstacker, crane dan forklift dengan berbagai kapasitas.

Today regional government wants to make that port to be entrance of investment to North Aceh. Moreover, Krueng Geukueh also has facility such as floating equipment covering tugs, Scout ship, and coaster ship, as well as land equipment such as reachstacker, crane and forklift with various capacities.

PT Pelindo I Cabang Lhokseumawe juga ingin menjaÂ diÂkan Pelabuhan Krueng Geukueh sebagai main port atau pelabuhan utama di Aceh. Krueng Geukueh berfungsi sebagai pusat distribusi barang-barang dari dan ke Aceh.

PT Pelindo I, Lhokseumawe Branch also wants to make Krueng Geukueh Port as main port in Aceh. Krueng Geukueh has function as distribution center from and to Aceh.

Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Sharif Cicip Sutardjo, didampingi Gubernur Aceh dalam peluncuran kapal 30 Gt dan 40 Gt, pencanangan Peningkatan Kehidupan Nelayan (PKN) di Pelabuhan Internasional Perikanan Lampulo, Aceh. / The Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Sharif Cicip Sutardjo, accompanied by Aceh Governor in the launching of 30 Gt and 40 G ships, declaration of Fisherman Life Improvement (PKN) in Lampulo International Fishery Port, Aceh. FOTO.IST

Aktivitas pelelangan ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan di Pelabuhan Pendaratan Ikan (PPI) Lampulo, Kecamatan Kuta Alam, Banda Aceh, Aceh. Pemerintah mengembangkan kawasan PPI Lampulo dengan melengkapi berbagai sarana dan prasarana untuk mendukung program pembangunan maritim sehingga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan nelayan. / An auction activity of fishes caught by fishermen in Lampulo Fishing Port (PPI), Kuta Alam Subdistrict, Banda Aceh, Aceh. The Government develops the area of Lampulo PPI by completing various facilities and infrastructure in order to support the maritime development program, so that it is expected to improve fishermen welfare. FOTO. IRWANSYAH PUTRA/IST

Selain pelabuhan khusus barang dan penumpang, Aceh kini mempunyai beberapa pelabuhan pendaratan ikan. Salah satunya, Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudra Lampulo yang letaknya tak jauh dari Tempat Pendaratan Ikan (TPI) Lampulo. Pada 2006, Pejabat Gubernur Aceh Mustafa Abubakar bersama Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan RI, Freddy Numberi, meninjau lokasi. Pembangunan kemudian dilakukan BRR. Ketika tahun 2009 masa tugas BRR berakhir, pembangunannya dilanjutkan Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Aceh.

Besides special port of goods and passengers, Aceh now has several fishing ports. One of them is Samudra Lampulo Fishing Port located not far from Tempat Pendaratan Ikan (TPI) Lampulo. In 2006 Aceh Governor Official Mustafa Abubakar along with the Minister of Marine and Fishery of RI, Freddy Numberi, observed the location. The development was then taken place by BRR. In 2009 when duty period of BRR ended, the development was continued by Marine and Fishery Services of Aceh.

Gubernur Aceh Zaini Abdullah seperti dikutip Tribunnews. com mengatakan, kebutuhan anggaran untuk pemba ngunan pelabuhan mencapai Rp1,25 triliun. Sementara anggaran yang dikucurkan baru sekitar Rp213 miliar. Pelabuhan Perikanan Samudra Lampulo itu menurut Zaini baru beroperasi secara maksimal pada 2019.

Aceh Governor Zaini Abdullah as excerpted by Tribunnews.com it says that the needs of budget for the purpose of development of port is Rp 1.25 trillion. Whilst budget allocated is just around Rp 213 billion. According to Zaini that Samudra Lampulo fishing port will be maximally operated in 2019.

Pendidikan dan Kesehatan

Education and Health

Setelah tsunami, masyarakat Aceh mendapat pelayanan kesehatan gratis. Namanya, Jaminan Kesehatan Aceh atau JKA yang digulirkan sejak 1 Juni 2010. Sejak saat itu semua penduduk dari segala strata sosial gratis mengakses fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di Puskesmas, Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah di provinsi maupun kabupaten dan kota, serta rumah sakit rujukan di dalam dan luar Aceh. Syaratnya, penduduk cukup menunjukkan Kartu Tanda Penduduk maupun Kartu Keluarga asli Aceh.

After tsunami, Aceh community obtained free health service. The name is Aceh Health Insurance or JKA introduced since June 1, 2010. Since that time all residents of any social strata have freely accessed health service facility in Puskesmas, General Hospital in Province, Regency and city, as well as referral hospital inside and outside Aceh. The condition is residents only show their Resident’s Identification Card and Original Aceh Family Card.

JKA dibuat untuk memperbaiki mutu pelayanan dari jaminan kesehatan nasional yang telah ada sebelumnya seperti Jamkesmas. Pemerintah Aceh menggandeng PT Askes sebagai Badan Penyelenggaraan JKA 2010-2012. Dalam rentang waktu 19 bulan sejak dimulai, JKA diklaim telah melayani dua juta kasus dengan berbagai tingkat pelayanan. Semua biayanya dijamin Pemerintah Aceh yang berasal dari Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Aceh (APBA). Pada 2010 senilai Rp241,9 miliar dan Rp400 miliar pada 2011. Setelah tampuk pimpinan provinsi berganti, JKA diubah menjadi Jaminan Kesehatan Rakyat Aceh

If it was made to improve service quality of the national health insurance existing previously as Jamkesmas (Public Health Insurance). Aceh Government took up with PT Askes as Executive Board of JKA 2010-2012. Within the period of 19 months since the beginning, JKA was claimed to have served two millions cases at various serving levels. All costs were guaranteed by Aceh Government allocated from Aceh Budget (APBA). In 2010 it was Rp 241,9 billion and Rp 400 billion in 2011. After the central authority of the province changed, JKA was changed to be Aceh people’s Health Insurance (JKRA). Since January 1, 2014 together with the application of the National Social Security System

(JKRA). Pada 1 Januari 2014, seiring berlakunya Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN), JKRA digabung dengan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) dari Pemerintah Pusat. Integrasi ini memungkinkan Pemerintah Aceh tak perlu lagi mengalokasikan anggaran untuk JKRA. Dana untuk jaminan kesehatan tersebut semuanya ditanggung pusat melalui Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS). Aceh hanya menyediakan fasilitas kesehatan dan tenaga medis. JKA tetap dilanjutkan untuk menanggung asuransi kesehatan dua juta lebih penduduk miskin.

(SJSN), JKRA has been combined with the National Health Insurance (JKN) from Central Government. This integration enables Aceh Government not necessarily to allocate budget for JKRA anymore. The fund for such health insurance are borne by Central Government through the Social Security Organizing Body (BPJS). Aceh only provides health facility and medical personnel. JKA remains to continue covering the health insurance for more than two million the poor. One of health facilities provided by Aceh Government

(kiri) Penandatanganan kerjasama jaminan kesehatan antara PT Askes dan pemerintah provinsi Aceh. (kanan) Warga berobat dengan menggunakan program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) dan Jaminan Kesehatan Rakyat Aceh (JKRA) di RSU Zainal Abidin, Banda Aceh, Aceh. / (left) Signing of health insurance cooperation between PT Askes and Aceh Provincial Government. (right) Residents take medicine by using the National Health Insurance (JKN) program and Aceh Society Health Insurance (JKRA) in Zainal Abidin Public Hospital, Banda Aceh, Aceh. FOTO: ANT

(kiri) Gubernur Aceh, Zaini Abdullah di dampingi Walikota Banda Aceh Illiza Sa'aduddin Djamal, melihat miniatur proyek pengembangan RSUZA Banda Aceh. (kanan) Banner nama yang terpasang di RSUD Zainoel Abidin. / (left) Aceh Governor Zaini Abdullah accompanied by Mayor of Banda Aceh Illiza Saâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;aduddin Djamal, sees the miniature development project of Zainoel Abidin Public Hospital (RSUZA) Banda Aceh. (right) The name banner installed in Zainoel Abidin Regional Public Hospital (RSUD). FOTO: IST

Salah satu fasilitas kesehatan yang disediakan Pemerintah Aceh adalah Rumah Sakit Umum Zainoel Abidin (RSUZA) di Banda Aceh. Gedung baru RSUZA dibangun dengan dana hibah dari GTZ Jerman senilai Rp418 miliar. Rumah sakit tipe A ini memiliki fasilitas bedah jantung Hybrid Cardiac Operating Suite. Kini, untuk menampung jumlah pasien yang berobat saban hari, pengelola RSUZA merencanakan pembangunan beberapa gedung baru.

is Zainoel Abidin General Hospital (RSUZA) in Banda Aceh. A New building of RSUZA was built worth Rp 418 billion in the endowment fund from GTZ German. This Type A Hospital has Hybrid Cardiac Operating Suite facility. It is now able to accommodate patients taking medicine every day, the management of RSUZA plans to build several new buildings. For medical personnel as doctor, it is generally filled by Medical School of Unsyiah and Medical School

Untuk tenaga medis seperti dokter, selama ini umumnya diisi oleh Fakultas Kedokteran Unsyiah dan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Abulyatama. Sementara untuk bidan maupun perawat, Aceh hampir tidak kekurangan karena banyak akademi kesehatan yang melahirkan tenaga medis tersebut. Selain di ibu kota provinsi, hampir di setiap kabupaten dan kota memiliki akademi kesehatan yang sebagian besar di antaranya dibangun oleh swasta. Data Kopertis (Koordinasi Peguruan Tinggi Swasta) Wilayah XIII Aceh menunjukkan, ada puluhan akademi atau sekolah tinggi kesehatan di Aceh. Selain kesehatan, ada juga akademi dan sekolah tinggi dengan bidang teknik, ekonomi, manajemen, maritim, psikologi, administrasi negara, agama, pariwisata, keuangan, dan lainnya. Totalnya mencapai 106 unit

Tenaga medis Angkatan Laut Amerika memberi pelatihan CPR kepada tenaga medis Aceh. / US Navy Medical personnel provide CPR training to Aceh medical personnel. FOTO: USNAVY

termasuk Politeknik bantuan asing seperti Politeknik Indonesia Venezuela di Blang Bintang, Aceh Besar. Namun, di antara lembaga pendidikan itu, Sekolah Tinggi Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan yang paling banyak diminati setelah tsunami. Di bidang pendidikan, Aceh pascatsunami memang banyak mencapai kemajuan. Terutama dengan bertambahnya jumlah lembaga pendidikan. Untuk lembaga pendidikan setingkat universitas negeri di Aceh antara lain Universitas Syiah Kuala, Universitas Malikussaleh, Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe, Politeknik Aceh, UIN Ar-Raniry, STAIN Malikussaleh, dan STAIN Zawiyah Cot Kala. Di tingkat menengah, ada beberapa sekolah swasta yang dibangun donor asing kini menjadi favorit di Aceh. Salah satunya, Fatih Bilingual School, sekolah internasional pertama di Aceh yang beroperasi sejak 2005. Sekolah ini dibangun Turki melalui Pasiad Indonesia Foundation. Siswa Fatih Bilingual School telah menjuarai berbagai olimpiade sains di berbagai belahan dunia. Para alumninya banyak melanjutkan kuliah di Turki. Sekolah ini menggunakan kurikulum nasional yang disampaikan dalam bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia.

Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe. / Lhokseumawe State Polytechnic. FOTO:

IST

of Universitas Abulyatama. However, Aceh almost has never shortage of midwife and nurse, as Aceh has many health academics producing such medical personnel. Besides in the capital of province, almost in each regency and city have healt h academic whose most part of them were established by private. Data from Kopertis (Coordinating Body for Private Colleges) Region XIII Aceh indicates that there are tens of health academies or colleges in Aceh. Besides health, there are also academies and colleges in the field of technique, economy, management, maritime, psychology, state administration, religion, tourism, finance, etc. Total is 106 units including foreign-aided Polytechnic Indonesia Venezuela in Blang Bintang, Aceh Besar. However, among such educational institutions, Institute of Teacher Training and Pendagogy that is most interested after the tsunami. In the field of education, Aceh after the tsunami seems to have many progresses, especially with the increase of total educational institution. For educational institutions at level of state university in Aceh they are among others Universitas Syiah Kuala, Universitas Malikussaleh, PoliÂtekÂ nik Negeri Lhokseumawe, Politeknik Aceh, UIN Ar-Raniry, STAIN Malikussaleh, and STAIN Zawiyah Cot Kala.

Proses belajar di Fatih Bilingual School. / Study process in Fatih Bilingual School. FOTO: fatihbilingualschool.com

Anak-anak Aceh, pria dan wanita, korban bencana tsunami sedang belajar di “sekolah tenda”. / Aceh children, men and women, victims of the tsunami disaster are studying in a “tent school”. FOTO: SAVE THE CHILDREN UK

Untuk meningkatkan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, Pemerintah Aceh sejak 2007 memberikan beasiswa. Putra-putri Aceh diberi kesempatan melanjutkan S2 dan S3 ke luar serta dalam negeri. Pemberian beasiswa dikontrol Lembaga Peningkatan Sumber Daya Manusia (LPSDM) Aceh yang awalnya bernama Komisi Beasiswa Aceh. Selintas data lembaga itu menunjukkan hampir dua ribu mahasiswa Aceh melanjutkan studi di Amerika, Eropa, dan Asia. Mereka disyaratkan bisa berbahasa Inggris, Jerman, dan Mandarin. Khusus untuk negara-negara Timur Tengah, harus mampu bahasa Arab. Beasiswa yang disediakan meliputi bidang-bidang

At intermediate level, there are several private schools built by foreign donor that now become favorites in Aceh. One of them is the Fatih Bilingual School, the first international school in Aceh operated since 2005. This school was built by Turkey through the Pasiad Indonesia Foundation. Students of the Fatih Bilingual School have won the championship of science olympiade in various parts of the world. Many of Its alumni have continued to study in Turkey. This school uses national curriculum provided in English and Bahasa Indonesia. To increase the capacity of human resources, since 2007 Aceh Government has provided scholarships. Sons and daughters of Aceh are provided chance to continue their master degree (S2) and doctor degree (S3) to abroad and in the country. The scholarships awarded are controlled by Human Resources Improvement Institution (LPSDM) of Aceh initially named Aceh Scholarship Comission. At a glance data of such institution indicates that almost two thousand Aceh students have continued study to America, Europe, and Asia. They are required to be able to speak English, German, and Mandarin. Especially in Middle East countries they must be able to speak Arabic. The scholarship provided covers the fields prioritized according to the needs of Aceh. For example, Islamic Study, comparison of religions, economy, science,

Perhimpunan Alumni Jerman (PAJ) Aceh menggelar seminar dan pameran pendidikan Jerman di gedung AAC Dayan Dawod Darussalam Banda Aceh. / German Alumni Association (PAI) Aceh holds seminar and exhibition of German education in AAC Dayan Dawod Darussalam Banda Aceh building. FOTO: IST

yang diprioritaskan sesuai kebutuhan Aceh. Misalnya, kajian Islam, perbandingan agama, ekonomi, sains, kesehatan, kebijakan publik, teknik, pendidikan, bisnis, perkapalan, navigasi, ilmu sosial, politik, arkeologi, teknik, dan pariwisata. Adapun negara-negara tujuan untuk melanjutkan studi S2 dan S3 yang ditawarkan LPSDM adalah Amerika Serikat, Inggris, Jerman, Prancis, Belanda, Spanyol, Rusia, Swedia, Turki, Qatar, Mesir, Sudan, Tunisia, Maroko, Yordania, Jepang, Taiwan, Thailand, Australia, Malaysia, dan Selandia Baru. Aturan pemberian beasiswa ini ditetapkan dalam Qanun Nomor 7 Tahun 2012. Program beasiswa reguler pada 2014 diseleksi secara online. Untuk memperoleh beasiswa di luar negeri calon mahasiswa harus memiliki nilai TOEFL 500, sedangkan di dalam negeri 450. Selain itu, sejak 2008 Pemerintah Aceh juga memberiÂ kan beasiswa untuk anak yatim piatu, Rp1,8 juta per orang. Jumlah penerima mencapai 115 ribu orang saban tahun. Program ini dipuji Angggota Komisi X DPR RI periode saat itu, Utut Adianto, sebagai terobosan baru di Aceh bahkan nasional. Ia menyarankan program serupa bisa diterapkan juga di tingkat nasional.

health, public policy, technique, education, business, shipping, navigation, science of social, politic, archeology, technique, and tourism. Whilst destination countries to continue study of master degree (S2) and doctor degree (S3) offered by LPSDM are the United States of America, England, German, France, Netherland, Spanish, Russia, Sweden, Turkey, Qatar, Egypt, Sudan, Tunisia, Morocco, Jordan, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand, Australia, Malaysia, and New Zealand. Rules of this provided scholarship are stipulated in Qanun Number 7 of 2012. The regular scholarship program in 2014 selected online. To obtain overseas scholarship, student candidates must have TOEFL score 500, whilst 450 for in the country. Moreover, since 2008 Aceh Government also has provided Rp 1.8 million per person on scholarship for orphan. Total receiver is 115 thousand person every year. This program was praised by Members of Commission X of DPR RI for that period, Utut Adianto, as a new breakthrough in Aceh even nationally. He suggested that the similar program be also applied nationally.

(kiri) Wakil Koordinator LPSDM Aceh Dr Suraiya IT MA, menerima cinderamata dari Wan Lee Cheng PHd pimpinan Elite Study Taiwan di ruang rapat LPSDM Aceh Kantor Gubernur Aceh. (kanan) Gubernur Zaini Abdullah melakukan pertemuan dengan perwakilan mahasiswa Aceh di Turki. / (left) Vice Coordinator of Aceh PLSDM Dr Suariya IT MA, receives souvenirs from Wan Lee Cheng PHd, head of Elite Study Taiwan in the meeting room of Aceh PLSDM, Aceh Governor Office. (right) Governor Zaini Abdullah meets with representative Aceh students in Turkey. FOTO:HMA/IST

Seni Budaya dan Pariwisata

Art and Culture as well as Tourism

SebelumÂ Perjanjian Helsinki ditandatangani, bumi Serambi Mekkah mungkin salah satu wilayah yang jarang dimasuki wisatawan terutama dari mancanegara. Tingginya intensitas konflik bersenjata membuat para penikmat wisata enggan menyambangi Aceh. Bisa dikatakan, satu-satunya wilayah yang terbuka menerima kedatangan pelancong hanyalah Sabang.

Before Helsinki Agreement was signed, Serambi Mekkah soil had been possibly one of regions rarely entered by tourists especially from overseas. The high intensity of armed conflict made tourists did not want to visit Aceh. It can be said, the only region openly accepting tourists is Sabang.

Setelah tsunami, seiring rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi Aceh ditata, area wisata Aceh mulai disambangi. Pemicunya, pertama, para ekspatriat yang bekerja di lembaga donor yang membantu Aceh. Rata-rata, kantornya di Banda Aceh. Di akhir pekan, untuk menghilangkan rasa jenuh yang menguar para pekerja asing ini mulai mendatangi tempat wisata. Pemicu kedua adalah warga lokal sendiri yang juga ingin menghilangkan kepenatan. Di Banda Aceh, kawasan wisata yang pertama kali disambangi misalnya Pantai Lampuuk. Setelah tsunami, kawasan ini termasuk rumah penduduk di sekitarnya rata tanah. Hanya Masjid Lampuuk yang luput dari amuk gelombang raya. Deretan pohon

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After the tsunami, along with the organized rehabilitation and reconstruction of Aceh, the tourism area of Aceh has begun to be visited. The first trigger is expats working in donor institutions helping Aceh. On average, their office is in Banda Aceh. At the weekend, to alleviate boredom these foreign workers began to visit tourism destinations. The second trigger is its own local residents who wanted to alleviate their fatigue. In Banda Aceh, the first tourism area that was visited is Pantai Lampuuk, for example. After the tsunami, this area including residentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s houses surrounding was flat on the ground. Only Lampuuk Mosque that was not hit by the crashing wave. A row of spruces and coconut trees was not trace. A charm of Pantai Lampuuk has just been only white sand. Local tourists initially came

cemara dan nyiur di pantai tak bersisa. Pesona Pantai Lampuuk tinggal pasir putih. Wisatawan lokal yang datang awalnya hanya menikmati suasana pantai. Ketika satu dua wisatawan asing yang datang ke pantai bermain selancar, pantai itu kembali ramai hingga sekarang. Setelah Banda Aceh, satu per satu kawasan wisata mulai didatangi pelancong, baik lokal maupun mancanegara. Sebut saja Pulo (Pulau) Aceh yang dulu aksesnya agak tertutup kini dengan gampang bisa disambangi. Sarana menuju ke sana tidak hanya boat kayu milik nelayan tapi juga sebuah kapal motor penumpang yang disediakan pemerintah. Pulo Aceh satu-satu kecamatan berupa kepulauan yang masuk teritori Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Letaknya di utara Banda Aceh atau sisi barat Sabang. Pulo Aceh bisa dikatakan gabungan dari sebelas pulau lain di kawasan itu. Ada Pulo Breuh, Pulo Nasi, Pulo Teunom atau Keureusek, Pulo Jroeng, Pulo Teungkurak, Pulo Bunta, Pulo Tuan Diapit, Pulo U, Pulo Sidom, Pulo Geupon, dan Pulo Lhee Blah. Hanya Pulo Breuh dan Pulo Nasi yang bertuan. Di Pulo Breuh ada 12 desa, delapan desa berada di selatan dan empat desa di

only to enjoy the atmosphere of beach. When one or two foreign tourists came to the beach to play surfing, that beach has been crowded again up to now. After Banda Aceh, one by one tourism area has begun to be visited by domestic and foreign tourists. As Pulo (Pulau) Aceh whose the access was used to be rather closed, now can be visited easily. Facility toward there is not only fisherman-owned wooden boat but also passenger motor boat provided by government. Pulo Aceh is the only sub-district in the form of archipelago included in regency of Aceh Besar. The location is in the north of Banda Aceh or in the west of Sabang. Pulo Aceh can be said as combination of other eleven islands in that area. There are Pulo Breuh, Pulo Nasi, Pulo Teunom or Keureusek, Pulo Jroeng, Pulo Teungkurak, Pulo Bunta, Pulo Tuan Diapit, Pulo U, Pulo Sidom, Pulo Geupon, and Pulo Lhee Blah. Hanya Pulo Breuh and Pulo Nasi have residents. There 12 villages in Pulo Breuh, eight villages are in the south and four villages are in the north, whilst Pulo Nasi consists of five villages only. Pulau Nasi is also known Peunasu. People has begun to be spellbound when knowing the

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Ribuan warga yang terdiri dari masyarakat, seniman, pelajar, anggota TNI, Polri dan PNS menampilkan tari saman massal di stadion Seribu Bukit, Kabupaten Gayo Lues, Aceh. Tarian Saman massal yang diselenggarakan Pemerintah Kabupaten Gayo Lues dengan jumlah 5.057 peserta mendapat piagam rekor Museum Rekor Indonesia (MURI). / Thousands of residents comprising society, artists, students, members of Indonesian National Army (TNI), Republic of Indonesia State Police (Polri) and Civil Service (PNS) display a mass Saman dance held by Gayo Lues Regency Government with 5057 people and gets Museum Rekor Indonesia (MURI) award. FOTO: ANT/IRWANSYAH PUTRA

utara, sedangkan Pulo Nasi terdiri dari lima desa saja. Pulau Nasi dikenal juga dengan nama Peunasu. Orang mulai terperangah ketika tahu kemolekan alam Pulo Aceh tak kalah dari Sabang. Di sana sebagian pantainya berpasir putih dan kuning. Kemiringan beberapa pantai cocok sebagai tempat singgah penyu untuk bertelur. Air lautnya biru toska. Di bawah laut, ada aneka ikan karang bahkan gurita yang bisa dipancing secara tradisional. Di Pulo Aceh juga ada mercusuar setinggi 85 meter yang dibangun pada 1875. Mercusuar bernama Williams Torren ini hadiah pernikahan Raja William III atau William Alexander Paul Frederick Lodewijk dari Belanda. Mercusuar dibangun sebagai penunjang operasional pelabuhan Sabang yang berada di jalur lintas terpadat Asia Tenggara. Di dunia hanya ada

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natural beauty of Pulo Aceh that is similar to Sabang. There a part of its beach has white and yellow sands. The tilt of beach is suitable as transit of turtles to spawn. Its sea water is turquoise. Under sea level, there are various reef fishes even octopus that can be fished traditionally. In Pulo Aceh there is also 85 meter lighthouse built in 1875. The lighthouse named Williams Torren is wedding gift of King William III or William Alexander Paul Frederick Lodewijk from Netherland. The lighthouse was built as operational support of Sabang port existing the most crowded traffic lane of Southeast. In the world there are only three lighthouses of Williams Torren. The other two are in Karibia Archipelago and Netherland. Gradually the charm of Aceh tourism has begun

tiga mercusuar Williams Torren. Dua lagi berada di Kepulauan Karibia dan Belanda. Lambat laun, daya pesona wisata Aceh pun mulai menggaung kemana-mana. Selain itu, sejak 2013 pemerintah juga mencanangkan Aceh Visit Year. Istilah ekowisata atau ecotourism mulai populer di Aceh. Pariwisata berwawasan lingkungan mulai menyedot perhatian wisatawan. Sebagian pebisnis menggunakannya untuk menyedot wisatawan datang untuk menikmati keindahan alam di Aceh. Ada juga yang menggabungkannya dengan sejarah. Di Lhoong, Aceh Besar, misalnya, dibuka wisata gerilya. Pelancong yang datang selain disuguhkan sensasi petualangan menÂ jelajahi hutan dan mendaki gunung juga diajak melihat lokasi tempat persembunyian gerilyawan GAM dulu. Para pemandu wisatanya mantan kombatan GAM.

Wisata gerilya Di Lhoong, Aceh Besar. / Guerrilla Tour in Lhoong, Aceh Besar. FOTO: IST

to be heard everywhere. Moreover, since 2013 government also has planned to Aceh Visit Year. The term of ecotourism began to be popular in Aceh. Environmental tourism began to draw attention of tourists. A part of businessmen utilized it to draw tourist coming to enjoy natural beauty of Aceh. There also combines with history. In Lhoong, Aceh Besar, for example, it has been opened guerilla tourism. The tourists coming are not only served sensation of forest adventure and climbing mount, but also seeing a hidden location of militant of GAM in the past. Tour guides are former combatants of GAM. In Singkil, a foundation offers tourism package of seeing turtle in Bangkaru Island, Banyak Island. These unoccupied islands are one of the best turtle conservation locations in Sumatera. In these islands,

Keindahan pemandangan taman laut Rubiah, Sabang, Aceh. / Beauty of Rubiah marine park, Sabang, Aceh. FOTO: IST

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Melepaskan tukik di pantai wisata Ujung Pancu, Aceh besar, Aceh. sekitar 300 ekor tukik di lepas di pantai Aceh. Releasing around 300 baby green turtles at Ujung Pancu beach tourist, Aceh beach, Aceh Besar, Aceh. FOTO: IRWANSYAH

Berwisata dengan menunggang gajah menyusuri hutan (elephant jungle tracking) di Mane, Aceh. / Travelling by riding an elephant tracking jungle in Mane, Aceh. FOTO: IST

Terdapat berbagai macam festival yang dapat disaksikan di Aceh, salah satunya adalah Festival Krueng Aceh. / It is found various festivals that are watchable in Aceh, one of them is Krueng Aceh Festival. FOTO:

Pentas Selatan Raya. Pentas menampilkan para budayawan dari Aceh, Pentas selanjutnya diikuti oleh Barat Raya. / Pentas Selatan Raya. Pentas shows Aceh cultured men. The next Pentas is followed by Barat Raya. FOTO:

PUTRA

BANDAACEHTOURISM

Di Singkil, sebuah yayasan menawarkan paket wisata melihat penyu di Pulau Bangkaru, Pulau Banyak. Pulau tak berpenghuni ini salah satu lokasi konservasi penyu terbaik di Sumatera. Di pulau ini, wisatawan dapat bergabung dengan petugas patroli penyu yang melibatkan relawan-relawan asing. Di Gayo Lues, Indonesia Forest and Climate Support (IFACS), program di bawah USAID, menggandeng Indonesia Ecotourism Network (Indecon), menggerakÂ kan masyarakat mengembangkan ekoÂwisata di sebuah dusun Kedah. Di sini, ada wisata jelajah hutan di kaki Gunung Leuser. IFACS juga mengembangkan ekowisata di Aceh Tenggara dan Aceh Selatan.

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BANDAACEHTOURISM

tourists can join with turtle patrol officers involving foreign volunteers. In Gayo Lues, the Indonesia Forest and Climate Support (IFACS), a program that is under USAID, takes up with the Indonesia Ecotourism Network (Indecon) driving community to develop ecotourism in a village named Kedah. Here, there is forest roaming tourism at the foot of Leuser Mountain. Not only in Gayo Lues, IFACS also develops ecotourism in Southeast Aceh and South Aceh. Whilst the area of Leuser Mountain itself has been area of conservation. The mountain that is 3,381

Menikmati kuliner khas Aceh dalam festival kuliner Ramadhan. / Enjoying Aceh specialty culinary in Ramadhan culinary festival. FOTO: IST

Wisata alam Kawasan Ekosistem Leuser di daerah Lumut, Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. memiliki berbagai keanekaragaman hayati. / A natural tourism at Leuser Ecosystem Area in Lumut area, Aceh Tengah Regency. Having biodiversity. FOTO: IRWANSYAH PUTRA

Sejumlah joki cilik mengikuti pacuan kuda di lapangan HM Hasan Gayo, Pegasing, Takengon, Aceh Tengah. / A number of little jockey participate in a horserace, HM Hasan Gayo field, Pegasing, Takengon, Aceh Tengah. FOTO:

Kapal PLTD Apung, jejak kedasyatan tsunami pun kini menjadi objek wisata tersendiri bagi para turis. / PLTD Apung Ship, track of the tsunami virulence also become a tourism object for tourists. FOTO: IRWANSYAH PUTRA

BANDAACEHTOURISM

Sementara, area Gunung Leuser sendiri sejak lama telah dijadikan kawasan konservasi. Gunung setinggi 3.381 ini berada di dalam Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser (TNGL). Luas TNGL 1.094.692 hektare. Secara administrasi terletak di dua provinsi yaitu Aceh dan Sumatera Utara. TNGL dan area disekitarnya yang dikenal sebagai Kawasan Ekosistem Leuser menjadi situs warisan dunia UNESCO. Taman nasional ini dikelola dengan sistem zonasi untuk tujuan penelitian, ilmu pengetahuan, pendidikan, budidaya, pariwisata, dan rekreasi. Di sekitar area TNGL ada paket wisata menunggang gajah (elephant patrol), memberi makan Orangutan, arung jeram dan menjelajahi gua kelelawar.

in height is in the Leuser Mountain National Park (TNGL). The area of TNGL 1.094.692 hectare. In administration it is located in two provinces, that is Aceh and North Sumatera. TNGL and surrounding area known as Leuser Ecosystem Area has become the UNESCO World Heritage Site. This national park is managed by zoning system for the purpose of research, science, education, cultivation, tourism, and recreation. Around the area of TNGL there are tourism package of elephant patrol, feeding monkey, rafting and exploring batcave.

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Presiden SBY di dampingi Gubernur Aceh Zaini Abdullah dan Menteri Pendidikan dan kebudayaan M Nuh, resmi membuka Pekan Kesenian Aceh VI di Taman Sulthanah Shafiatuddin, Banda Aceh. / President SBY accompanied by Aceh Governor Zaini Abdullah and the Minister of Education and Culture M Nuh, officially opens the VI Aceh Art Week in Taman Sulthanah Shafiatuddin, Banda Aceh. FOTO: ABROR/ PRESIDENRI.GO.ID

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Pekan Kebudayaan Aceh

Aceh Culture Week

Budaya Aceh merupakan kumpulan budaya dari berbagai suku. Tercatat, setidaknya ada 11 suku di Aceh meliputi Aceh, Tamiang, Alas, Haloban, Singkil, Aneuk Jamee, Kluet, Gayo, Devayan, dan Sigulai. Suku Aceh merupakan populasi terbesar. Suku Tamiang tersebar di Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, Alas dan Haloban terdapat di Aceh Tenggara, Gayo di Aceh Tengah, Bener Meriah, dan Gayo Lues, Singkil di Aceh Singkil dan Kota Subulussalam, Aneuk Jamee dan Kluet di Aceh Barat Daya serta Aceh Selatan, dan Devayan dan Sigulai di Kabupaten Simeulue. Masing-masing suku mempunyai budaya, bahasa dan pola pikir masing-masing.

Aceh culture is a cultural collection of various tribes. It is recorded that at least 11 tribes in Aceh covering Aceh, Tamiang, Alas, Haloban, Singkil, Aneuk Jamee, Kluet, Gayo, Devayan, and Sigulai. Aceh tribe is the biggest population. Tamiang tribe spreading in regencies of Aceh Tamiang, Alas and Haloban is in Southeast Aceh, Gayo in Central Tengah, Bener Meriah, and Gayo Lues, Singkil in Aceh Singkil and Cities of Subulussalam, Aneuk Jamee and Kluet in Southwest Aceh as well as South Aceh, and Devayan and Sigulai in Simeulue Regency. Each tribe has culture, language, and paradigm.

Kekayaan budaya Aceh bahkan telah diakui dunia. Salah satunya tari Saman yang ditabalkan Badan PBB Urusan Pendidikan, Sains dan Kebudayaan (UNESCO) sebagai warisan budaya dunia bukan benda. Tari Saman berasal dari Gayo Lues. Tarian ini ditampilkan untuk merayakan peristiwa-peristiwa penting dalam adat. Syair dalam tarian Saman menggunakan bahasa Gayo.

Wealth of Aceh culture has been even acknowledged in the world. One of them is Saman dance inaugurated by the United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture (UNESCO) as non-object world culture heritage. Saman dance comes from Gayo Lues. This dance is performed to celebrate important customary events. Lyric in Saman dance uses Gayo language.

Selain Saman, Aceh juga memiliki tari Seudati, Likok Pulo, Rapai Geleng, Rateb Meuseukat, Didong, Ratoh Duek, dan Ranup Lampuan. Yang terakhir ini tarian khas untuk menyambut tamu. Ranup Lampuan berarti sirih di dalam puan; tempat sirih khas Aceh. Dalam tarian ini digambarkan kebiasaan masyarakat Aceh yang memberikan sirih kepada tamu untuk dimakan. Bagi masyarakat Aceh, sirih memiliki berbagai makna. Ada yang mengartikannya sebagai simbol kerendahan hati, sumber perdamaian dan kehangatan sosial, serta media komunikasi sosial. Selain tarian, Aceh memiliki beragam alat kesenian maupun senjata tradisional. Alat kesenian yang termahsyur adalah rapai, yang digunakan pelengkap beberapa tarian. Sementara senjata tradisional Aceh yang terkenal adalah rencong (bahasa Aceh: rincong). Senjata ini simbol identitas diri, keberanian, dan

Besides Saman, Aceh also has dances of Seudati, Likok Pulo, Rapai Geleng, Rateb Meuseukat, Didong, Ratoh Duek, and Ranup Lampuan. The last one is special dance to welcome guests. Ranup Lampuan means betel in a betel container; Aceh Special betel container. In this dance is illustrated a custom of Aceh people giving betel to be chewed by guests. For Aceh people, betel has a lot of meaning. One means it as symbols of humility, source of peace and social warmth, as well as social communication media. Besides dances, Aceh has various art tools and traditional weapons. The renowned art tool is rapai used to complete several dances. Whilst the renowned Aceh traditional weapons is rencong (Aceh language: rincong). This weapon is symbol of Aceh Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s self identity, courage, and toughness. Rencong is now often used together with Aceh-typical traditional clothes

Suasana meriah pembukaan Pekan Kebudayaan Aceh. / Joyful condition of Aceh Culture Week opening. FOTO: IST

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Wisatawan mancanegara mengunjungi pameran pasar wisata Indonesia atau Tourism Indonesia Mart & Expo (TIME) 2014 di Banda Aceh, Aceh. / Foreign tourists visit the 2014 Tourism Indonesia Mart & Expo (TIME) in Banda Aceh, Aceh. FOTO:ANT

ketangguhan orang Aceh. Rencong sekarang kerap digunakan bersama pakaian adat khas Aceh dipadukan dengan kupiah meukeutop. Penggunaannya saat upacara adat maupun perkawinan. Rencong diselipkan di pinggang linto baro atau mempelai laki-laki. Untuk menghimpun segala adat istiadat dan budaya Aceh di seluruh kabupaten dan kota, sejak 1958 diadakan Pekan Kebudayaan Aceh atau PKA. PKA pertama idenya didasari untuk memulihkan kondisi Aceh usai peristiwa DI/TII dan melestarikan lagi budaya indatu (nenek moyang) yang sekian lama terpendam akibat konflik. PKA pertama berhasil menggali kembali sekitar 20 tarian tradisional Aceh maupun adat perkawinan. Bermacam-macam permainan, seperti Gaseng, Meuen Galah, sepak raga,

Demi menyukseskan Visit Aceh Year Dinas Budaya dan Pariwisata Aceh mengikuti pameran Deep and Extreme Indonesia di JCC, Jakarta. / For the sake of making success the Visit Aceh Year, Aceh Culture and Tourism Service participates in the Deep and Extreme Indonesia expo in JCC, Jakarta. FOTO:ANT

combined with kupiah meukeutop. It is wore when traditional and wedding ceremonies are held. Rencong is inserted around his waist of linto baro or bridegroom. To accumulate all Aceh customs and culture throughout regency and city, since 1958 Pekan Aceh Culture Week or PKA has been held. Idea of PKA I was based on recovery of Aceh condition after event of DI/ TII and made indatu (ancestor) culture everlasting that had been so long hidden because of the conflict. PKA I succeeded to extract again about 20 Aceh traditional dances and marriage customs. Various games such as Gaseng, Meuen Galah, sepak raga, geudeu-geudeu, etc have been taken again. The prime PKA also realized peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s aspiration in the field of education with symbol of Student City or Kopelma Darussalam.

Para finalis menggunakan pakaian tradisional dalam pemilihan Agam-Inong (Duta Wisata) Banda Aceh. / Finalists wear traditional clothes in Agam-Inong selectivity (Tourism Ambassador) Banda Aceh. FOTO: IST

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Tari Ranup Lampuan atau sebutan lain dalam masyarakat Aceh Tari Pemulia Jamee (Memuliakan Tamu) itu berbeda dengan tarian lainnya karena lazimnya tampil dalam acara resmi dan penyambutan tamu. / Ranup Lampuan dance or other mentions in Aceh society, Pemula Jamee dance (to honor Guests) are different with other dances because they are common to be showed in an official program and guest welcoming. FOTO: AMPELSA/ANT

geudeu-geudeu dan sebagainya diangkat kembali. PKA perdana juga mewujudkan cita-cita rakyat di bidang pendidikan dengan simbol Kota Pelajar Mahasiswa atau Kopelma Darussalam. Seterusnya PKA kedua digelar pada 1972 dan PKA III pada 1988. Namun, memasuki PKA IV, butuh waktu sekitar 16 tahun untuk melaksanakannya. Konflik Aceh salah satu penyebab pagelaran ini tidak bisa diadakan. PKA IV digelar pada 2004 di Taman Ratu Safiatuddin. Taman ini berada persis di sebelah kompleks kantor Gubernur Aceh. Selanjutnya PKA kelima digelar pada 2009. Berbagai kegiatan seperti parade budaya, gebyar seni, seminar budaya, aneka lomba seni dan permainan rakyat, serta Aceh Expo menyemarakkan PKA V. Sedangkan PKA VI dilaksanakan pada 2013 mengusung tema ‘Aceh Satu Bersama.’ Melalui ajang ini diharapkan dapat merajut kembali seluruh elemen masyarakat untuk bersatu padu membangun Aceh yang tamaddun.

Furthermore, PKA II was held in 1972 and PKA III in 1988. However, towards PKA IV, time of around 16 years to perform so was needed. Aceh conflict that is one of these event causes could not be held. PKA IV was held in 2004 in Taman Ratu Safiatuddin. This Taman is the side of Aceh Governor office complex. PKA V was then held in 2009. Various activities as culture parade, art sparkling, culture seminar, various art and people’s game contests, as well as Aceh Expo enlivened PKA V. Whilst PKA VI was held in 2013 carrying on the theme of ‘The Joint Aceh.’ Through this event it is expected to knit all community elements to develop cultural (tamaddun) Aceh unitedly. Location of implementation of PKA remains in Taman Ratu Safiatuddin. Here has been built a platform or Aceh Rumoh (house) miniature of 23 regencies and cities. Customary house of each regency and city in Aceh has difference, although it is same in outline, that is in the form of a stage.

Lokasi pelaksanaan PKA tetap di Taman Ratu Safiatuddin. Di sini telah dibangun anjungan atau miniatur Rumoh (rumah) Aceh dari 23 kabupaten dan kota. Rumah adat setiap kabupaten dan kota di Aceh memiliki perbedaan, walaupun secara garis besar sama yakni berbentuk panggung.

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Wisatawan mancanegara mengunjungi objek wisata sejarah Rumah Adat Aceh, merupakan rumah Cut Nyak Dhien yang dibangun pada tahun 1981-1982 dilokasi rumah Cut Nyak Dhien yang dibakar Belanda 1896, merupakan penggambaran rumah tradisional Aceh. / Foreign tourists visit historical tourism sites of Aceh Traditional House, Cut Nyak Dhienâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s house built in 1981-1982 in Cut Nyak Dhienâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s house location burned by the Dutch in 1896, is an illustration of Aceh traditional house. FOTO: Ampelsa/ANT

Estetika Rumoh Aceh

Aceh House Aesthetics

Namun, secara umum Rumoh Aceh memiliki tiga bagian utama: Rumoh Aceh, Rumoh Santeut, dan Rangkang. Selain itu juga ada Meunasah walaupun ini bukan untuk hunian. Meunasah digunakan sebagai tempat ibadah di gampong (kampung). Di luar Aceh, Meunasah ini setara dengan Musalla.

However, generally Aceh House has three main parts: Aceh House, Santeut House, and Rangkang. Moreover, there is also Meunasah (small Muslim Chapel) although this is not a house. Meunasah is used as a worship place in gampong (village). Outside Aceh, this Meunasah is similar to Musalla (prayer house).

Rumoh Aceh disangga tiang setinggi tiga meter dan memiliki tiga bagian: Rumoh Inong, Seuramou, dan

Rumoh Acehdisangga tiang setinggi tiga meter dan memiliki tiga bagian: Rumoh Inong, Seuramou, and

Rumoh Aceh secara umum terbagi tiga ruang, yaitu serambi depan, serambi tengah, dan serambi belakang. Selalu dibuat menghadap kiblat, sebagai implementasi penerapan ajaran Islam dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. / Generally Aceh House is divided into three rooms, namely front porch, central foyer, and rear porch. It should be made facing Qibla as the implementation of Islam teachings in daily life. FOTO: IST

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Rumoh Aceh tampak dari samping dan depan. / Aceh house appears from the side and front. FOTO: IST

Rambat. Setiap bagian memiliki fungsi tertentu. disebut juga Rumoh Tunggai yang terletak di bagian tengah dan menjadi kamar tidur empunya rumah. Seuramoe atau serambi ada dua: keu (depan) dan likot (belakang). Seuramou Keu tempat menerima tamu dan bermusyawarah. Serambi depan memanjang sepanjang muka rumah. Tangga ditempatkan di bagian tengah rumah sehingga tamu dapat duduk di kiri atau kanan serambi. Sementara Seuramou Likot selain sebagai tempat duduk tamu di bagian belakang, dipakai untuk gudang. Rambat berupa gang antara dua kamar kiri dan kanan. Rambat menghubungkan serambi depan dan serambi belakang.

Rambat. Each part has certain function. Rumoh Inong is also named Rumoh Tunggai located at the center part and become the bedroom of owner. There are two porches (Seuramoe): keu (front) and likot (rear). Seuramou Keu is a place to receive guests and negotiate. Front porch lengthens along front of the house. Ladder is located at the center of the house so that guest can sit at the left and right of the porch. Whilst Seuramou Likot is used as shed, besides guest sitting room at the rear part. Rambat is in the form of alley between two left and right bedrooms. Rambat connects front porch and rear porch.

Rumoh Santeut lebih rendah tiangnya dari Rumoh Aceh, sekitar semeter dari tanah. Tidak ada beda tinggi antara lantai Rumoh Inong dengan Seuramou dan Rambat.

Rumoh Santeut is lower than the pole of Rumoh Aceh, around a meter from the ground. No difference between the floor of Rumoh Inong and that of Seuramou and Rambat.

Sementara Rangkang adalah rumah kecil yang sederhana. Tingginya sama dengan Rumoh Santeut. Biasanya digunakan untuk tempat pertemuan dan tempat mengaji atau belajar membaca Alquran, atau sebagai pondok (asrama). Rangkang juga bagian dari dayah tempat tinggal santri. Ada juga yang menyebut Rangkang seperti fungsi dangau di tengah sawah. Atau tempat kongkow yang dibangun di depan rumah.

Whilst Rangkang is a small simple house. The height is the same as Rumoh Santeut. It is usually used for meeting place and learning to recite the Koran or reading Al-Qur’an, or as Islamic Boarding School (dormitory). Rangkang is also a part of Islamic Boarding School (dayah) where Muslim seminarians live. There is also a mention of Rangkang as function of hut in the middle of rice fields. There is a chatting place built in front of the house.

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Museum Tsunami Aceh penanda sejarah tentang tsunami yang juga berfungsi sebagai Escape Building. / Aceh Tsunami Museum marking the history of tsunami also functioned as Escape Building. FOTO: M ANHSAR/SERAMBI

Arsitektur Rumoh Aceh ini juga disematkan pada desain Museum Tsunami Aceh di dekat Lapangan Blangpadang, Banda Aceh. Museum dibangun arsitek bereputasi internasional, Ridwan Kamil, yang kini menjabat sebagai Wali Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat. Sang arsitek menyebutnya ‘Rumoh Aceh Escape Hill’.

Architecture of this Rumoh Aceh is also attached to design of Aceh Tsunami Museum near Blangpadang Field, Banda Aceh. The Museum was built by an international-repute architect, Ridwan Kamil, now holding the office of Mayor of Bandung, West Java. The architect mentions ‘Rumoh Aceh Escape Hill’.

Museum dibuat sebagai tugu peringatan bagi korban tsunami yang meninggal dunia. Museum ini juga berguna sebagai tempat perlindungan dari bencana serupa di masa depan. Nama-nama korban tsunami dicantumkan di salah satu ruang museum.

The Museum was established as memorial for tsunami victims who had passed away. This Museum is also functioned as protection place against similar disaster in the future. The names of tsunami victims are included in one of museum rooms.

(kiri) Tampak depan Museum Tsunami Aceh. (tengah) Ruang bawah terdapat kolam (kanan) Diorama yang menggambarkan situasi datangnya gelombang tsunami. / (left) Front appearance of the Aceh Tsunami Museum. (center) in the downstairs it is found a pond (right) Diorama illustrating the situation when the tsunami wave comes FOTO: IST/M ANHSAR/LILISKHUSNIATI

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(kiri) Petugas memasang nama-nama korban tsunami. (tengah) ruang video museum tsunami. (kanan) Wisatawan asing mengunjungi museum Tsunami Aceh. / (left) Officers insert the victim names of the tsunami. (center) museum video room of tsunami. (right) Foreign tourists visit the Aceh Tsunami museum. FOTO: ANT/IST

Bangunan seluas 2.500Â meter persegi itu memiliki empat lantai. Lantai pertama berupa ruang terbuka seperti kolong di Rumoh Aceh. Ruangan terbuka itu dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat publik dan jika banjir atau tsunami, laju air tidak akan terhalangi. Selain itu ada juga ruang berbentuk sumur silinder yang menyorotkan cahaya ke atas. Di puncaknya terdapat lafal Allah. Dinding museum melengkung ditutupi relief para penari Saman. Pengunjung masuk melalui lorong sempit dan gelap di antara dua dinding air yang tinggi. Sesekali air memercik ke atas kepala, sebuah suasana yang diciptakan untuk mengenang kepanikan saat tsunami. Jika dilihat dari atas, desain atap museum seperti pusaran gelombang. Sementara dari bawah mirip kapal. Atap bangunan dirancang berupa rooftop yang bisa ditanami rumput. Atap ini juga dirancang sebagai area evakuasi tsunami. Museum Tsunami juga memiliki taman berupa bukit kecil sebagai sarana penyelamatan awal terhadap tsunami. Taman dilengkapi ratusan tiang tiang obor. Jika seluruh obor dinyalakan, bukit ini dibanjiri lautan cahaya. Museum Tsunami Aceh dibangun pada 2007 dan diresmikan pada 2009. Gedung itu dibangun oleh prakarsa beberapa lembaga. Di antaranya BRR AcehNias, Departemen Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Pemerintah Aceh, Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh dan Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia.

That 2,500 square meter building has four stories. The first storey is an open room as pit in Rumoh Aceh. That open room can be utilized as public place and in case of flood or tsunami, the flow rate will not hindered. Moreover, there is also a cylinder-well room shining light upwards. At the peak there is God pronunciation. Wall of the museum curves covered by relief of Saman dancers. Visitors enter through a narrow and dark alley between two high water walls. Sometimes water splatters above head, a circumstance created to recall panic when tsunami occurred. If looking at from above, design of the museum roof as wave whirlpool. Whilst from the bottom it is similar to a ship. Roof of the building was designed as rooftop that can be planted grass. This roof was also designed as tsunami evacuation area. The Tsunami Museum also has park in a small hill as facility of early salvage against tsunami. The park is completed with hundreds of torch poles. If all torches are turned on, this hill is flooded by pond of light. The Aceh Tsunami Museum was built in 2007 and inaugurated in 2009. That building was built on the initiative of several institutions. Among others BRR Aceh-Nias, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Aceh Government, the Government of Banda Aceh City and the Indonesian Architect Association.

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Negeri Seribu Warung Kopi

The Land of a Thousand Coffee Stall

Julukan ini terkesan aneh. Tapi fenomena yang terjadi demikian adanya. Seusai tsunami, warung-warung kopi bermunculan di Aceh. Suasana ini bisa disaksikan di Banda Aceh. Warung-warung kopi yang baru tumbuh ini bersanding dengan warung-warung yang telah ada sejak dulu. Orang Aceh memang penikmat kopi. Tak hanya di warung, kopi juga dinikmati di rumah.

This epithet feels strange. However, the phenomenon occurred like that. After tsunami, coffee stalls appear in Aceh. This circumstance can be witnessed in Banda Aceh. Coffee stalls have just arisen alongside stalls existing since the past. Aceh people seem coffee lovers. Not only in stalls, coffee can be also drunk at home.

Namun, sebagian besar kaum lelaki memilih menikmati kopi di warung. Bagi pria Aceh, warung kopi tak hanya sebagai tempat menikmati secangkir kopi dan beberapa makanan khas Aceh lainnya. Fungsi warung kopi telah berkembang menjadi tempat bersosialisasi dan pertemuan sosial ataupun bisnis. Berbagai kalangan berkumpul di sini, baik dari kalangan rakyat biasa sampai pejabat. Di Aceh, terutama di Banda Aceh, juga ada beberapa warung kopi yang buka 24 jam untuk melayani pembeli.

However, most part of men choose to drink coffee at a stall. For Aceh man, a coffee stall is not only as place to drink a cup of coffee and several other special Aceh food. Function of coffee stall has developed to become a socializing and social meeting or business place. Various circles gather here, from both common people and officials. In Aceh, particularly in Banda Aceh, there are also several 24 hour coffee stall to serve customers.

Selain kopi, minuman yang digemari ketika berada di warung adalah sanger atau kopi campur susu.

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Besides coffee, beverage liked very much when existing in the stall is sanger or milk-mixed coffee. Its pleasure is different with regular milk coffee. Sanger has more coffee than milk.

Kenikmatannya berbeda dengan kopi susu biasa. Sanger lebih terasa kopinya dari pada susu. Sementara untuk makanan, makanan Aceh sangat beragam. Rasanya sangat dekat dengan masakan Timur Tengah dan India. Makanan Aceh kebanyakan pedas dan kental karena komposisi bumbunya banyak mengandung rempah-rempah. Rata-rata memakai daging. Misalnya Kuah Beulangong, makanan sejenis kari yang menggunakan daging sapi. Masakan Aceh lainnya yang menggunakan daging sapi adalah Masak Mirah. Ini masakan paling banyak ditemukan bila ada pesta perkawinan atau kenduri lainnya atau pada hari ‘meugang’ menyambut puasa, menjelang Idul Fitri dan Iedul Adha. Pada hari itu orang Aceh pasti membeli daging lembu atau kerbau untuk dimasak. Daging dimasak dengan bubuk cabe merah yang sudah dikeringkan. Karena itu, warna khas dari masakan tersebut adalah merah (mirah). Selain itu, ada juga Masak Puteh. Selain sapi atau lembu kadang juga menggunakan daging bebek. Masakan ini tidak memakai cabe. Untuk penambah rasa pedas

Whilst for food, Aceh food varies. The taste is similar to food of the Middle East and India. Most of Aceh food is spicy and thick because composition of its seasoning has much herbs and spices. Using meat on average. For example Kuah Beulangong, food that is similar to kari using beef. Another Aceh food using beef is Masak Mirah. This food is often found at most in case of wedding party or other parties or on the day of ‘meugang’ welcoming fasting, towards Eid Al-Fitr and Eid Al-Adha. On that day Aceh people must buy beef or buffalo meat to be cooked. The meat is cooked with dried cayenne powder. Therefore, special color of such food is red (mirah). Moreover, there is also Masak Puteh. Besides beef, duck meat is sometimes used. This food does not use chili. To add spicy taste it is used pepper, cardamom and white dried-fried coconut. All seasoning must be grinded until being smooth. Furthermore, there is Keumamah (smoked fish). This food uses boiled tunny fish, it is then dried. If it is prepared curry, it is named Gulee Keumamah.

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Walikota Banda Aceh Illiza Sa'aduddin Djamal memperagakan cara meramu kopi saring seusai membuka festival kopi Aceh 2014 di Banda Aceh. Festival kopi menjadi ajang promosi cita rasa kopi Aceh ditingkat nasional serta internasional. / Mayor of Banda Aceh Illiza Sa’aduddin Djamal shows how to gather ingredients of strained coffee after opening the 2014 Aceh Coffee Festival in Banda Aceh. The coffee festival became a promotion event of Aceh coffee taste in national and international level. FOTO. IRWANSYAH/ANT

digunakan lada, kapulaga dan kelapa gongseng putih. Semua bumbu harus digiling halus. Lalu ada Keumamah (ikan kayu). Makanan ini menggu nakan daging ikan tongkol yang direbus, lalu dikeringkan. Jika digulai, namanya disebut Gulee Keumamah. Di Timur Aceh dan Pidie, terkenal Kuah Pliek. Bahan utamanya sisa perahan kelapa. Ciri khas Kuah Pliek ini adalah pencampuran berbagai sayuran yang telah dipotong-potong kecil, termasuk cabe hijau. Rasanya sudah pasti pedas. Lalu ada Kuah Asam Keueung yang mudah ditemukan di setiap warung makan di Aceh. Kuah ini biasanya

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In Middle East and Pidie, Kuah Pliek is very renowned. The main material is the rest of coconut juice. Special feature of Kuah Pliek is a mix of various vegetables cut small, including green chili. The taste must be spicy. There is then Kuah Asam Keueung that is easily found in each restaurant in Aceh. This Kuah usually use tunny fish cooked with asam sunti; starfruit dried. Asam Keueung is similar to Tom Yam food in Thailand. In Aceh Besar there is Sie Reuboh made of beef. Before, beef is preserved in a boiling manner with vinegar. After that, beef is cooked again. Aceh Besar is also known for Eungkot Paya, freshwater fish cooked with special seasoning.

(kiri) Roti srikaya dan kopi sanger khas Aceh. (kanan atas) Pembukaan Festival Kopi Aceh. (kanan bawah) Wisatawan asing ikut mencoba segelas kopi Aceh di Festival Kopi Aceh. / (left) Srikaya bread and Aceh specialty of sanger coffee. (top right) The opening of Aceh Coffee Festival. (bottom right) Foreign tourists participate in drinking a glass of Aceh coffee in Aceh Coffee Festival. FOTO. IST | AHMAD ARISKA | BANDAACEHTOURISM

memakai ikan tongkol yang dimasak dengan asam sunti; buah belimbing wuluh yang sudah dikeringkan. Asam Keueung ini mirip masakan Tom Yam di Thailand.

In south west coast as Southwest Aceh and South Aceh there is Asam Drien. Asam drien is similar to tempoyah from South Sumatera.

Di Aceh Besar ada Sie Reuboh yang terbuat dari daging sapi. Sebelumnya, daging diawetkan dengan direbus memakai cuka. Setelah itu, daging dimasak kembali. Aceh Besar juga terkenal dengan Eungkot Paya, ikan air payau yang dimasak dengan bumbu khas. Di pesisir barat selatan seperti Aceh Barat Daya dan Aceh Selatan ada Asam Drien. Asam drien ini mirip tempoyah dari Sumatera Selatan. Sementara dari Gayo terkenal Pengat Depik. Pengat

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jenis kuliner gulai yang agak asam dan pedas. Makanan ini menggunakan Depik (Rasbora tawarensis), jenis ikan musiman yang hidup di Danau Laut Tawar, Aceh Tengah. Depik muncul di awal musim hujan dan di awal musim kemarau. Ikan sebesar telunjuk orang dewasa ini kerap dimasak menjadi dedah depik kering, peyek depik dan pengat depik. Kuliner yang satu ini khas masyarakat Gayo. Pengat tidak hanya dimasak dengan depik, ikan bawal juga maknyus.

Whilst from Gayo it is known for Pengat Depik. Pengat jenis is curry culinary that is sour and spicy enough. This food uses Depik (Rasbora tawarensis), seasonal fish type living in fresh sea lake, Central Aceh. Depik appears at the beginning of rain season and dry season. Fish as adult index finger is often cooked to be dried dedah depik, peyek depik and pengat depik. This one culinary is special for Gayo community. Pengat is not only cooked with depik, pomfrey is also delicious.

Beberapa makanan khas Aceh lainnya seperti Asam Udeung. Udang yang sudah direbus lalu digiling dengan campuran cabe rawit dan belimbing wuluh segar. Lalu Tumeh Engkot Muloh atau tumis bandeng. Di seputaran Aceh Utara, Tumeh Engkot Muloh menjadi menu utama pesta perkawinan. Selain itu juga ada Ayam Tangkap dan Mie Aceh.

Several special Aceh foods is as Asam Udeung. Shrimp boiled is then grinded with mix of cayenne pepper and fresh starfruit. Tumeh Engkot Muloh or sauted milkfish. Around North Aceh, Tumeh Engkot Muloh becomes main menu of wedding party. Moreover, there is also Ayam Tangkap and Mie Aceh.

Untuk kue, ketika Idul Fitri, kaum ibu di Aceh selalu membuat Timphan. Kue dari tepung beras ini dibalut daun pisang lalu dikukus. Bentuknya persegi panjang. Timphan menjadi menu hidangan wajib untuk tamu saat lebaran. Bahkan, ada pepatah Aceh yang menekankan pentingnya Timphan ini: “Uroe goet buleun goet, Timphan ma peugoet beumeuteme rasa” (Hari baik bulan baik Timphan ibu buat harus dicicipi).

When Eid Al-fitr, mothers always make Timphan cake. Cake from rice flour wrapped in banana leaf that is then steamed. The form is rectangular. Timphan becomes required dishes menu for guests at the time of Lebaran. There is even Aceh proverb emphasizing the importance of Timphan: “Uroe goet buleun goet, Timphan ma peugoet beumeuteme rasa” (Good Day Good Month Timphan made by mother must be tasted).

Selain itu juga ada Prot, Peukarah, dan Bhoi. Kue Bhoi penganan khas Aceh Besar. Bentuknya bervariasi seperti ikan, bintang, bunga, dan lain-lain. Kue ini salah satu buah tangan ketika berkunjung ke sanak saudara atau tetangga yang menggelar hajatan atau pesta, seperti sunatan dan kelahiran. Bhoi hingga kini juga dijadikan salah satu isi dari bingkisan seserahan dari calon pengantin pria.

Moreover, there are alos Prot, Peukarah, and Bhoi. Bhoi cake is special between-meal snack of Aceh Besar. The form varies such as fish, star, flowewr, etc. this cake is one of gifts when visiting to relatives or neighborhood holding party, as circumcision and birth. Bhoi is also to be one of contents of gift surrendered from groom.

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Geliat Investasi

Activation of Investment

Investasi salah satu langkah Pemerintah Aceh untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Berbagai upaya pun dilakukan seperti forum bisnis, optimalisasi Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle (IMT-GT), lobi-lobi ke beberapa negara calon investor, hingga pe nyusunan regulasi. Badan Investasi dan Promosi Aceh menargetkan pada akhir 2017, Aceh menjadi salah satu provinsi destinasi investasi utama di Indonesia. Jargon yang dijual adalah “Invest in Amazing Aceh”.

Investment is one of Aceh Government steps to increase regional economy growth and improve community welfare. Various efforts are also made as business forums, optimalization of IndonesiaMalaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle (IMT-GT), lobbies to several countries of investor candidate, until the making of regulation. Aceh Investment and Promotion Agency targets at the end of 2017, Aceh will become one of main destination provinces in Indonesia. Jargon sold is “Invest in Amazing Aceh”.

Jika melihat catatan Badan Pusat Statistik Aceh, sejak 2007 hingga 2012, perkembangan investasi Aceh secara umum cenderung meningkat. Pembentukan Modal Tetap Bruto (PMTB) sebagai ukuran kegiatan investasi di Aceh terus memperlihatkan pertumbuhan positif hingga 4,04 persen. Penurunan hanya terlihat pada 2009, ketika berakhirnya kegiatan rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi Aceh-Nias.

If seen in record of Central Agency on Statistsics of Aceh, from 2007 to 2012, the development of Aceh investment generally tended to increase. The formation of Gross Permanent Capital (PMTB) as measurement of investment activity in Aceh continues to show positive growth up to 4.04 percent. Decrease is only seen in 2009, when Aceh-Nias rehabilitation and reconstruction were ended.

Beberapa investor juga telah menanamkan modal nya di Aceh. Sebut saja di bidang energi ada proyek

Several investors have also provide their capitals in Aceh. In the field of energy there is electric project

kelistrikan yang digarap Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap Nagan Raya. Lalu, revitalisasi Arun di LhokÂ seumawe sebagai stasiun penerimaan gas yang menyediakan suplai energi berbasis gas. Proyek ini diancang-ancang dapat memperkuat akses energi bagi perusahaan atau kegiatan investasi di Aceh. Namun, bila dilihat dari grafik, pertumbuhan ekonomi Aceh cenderung naik turun. Laporan Bank Indonesia menunjukkan, pada triwulan III 2014, investasi di Aceh tumbuh 4,8 persen (yoy-year on year). Nilai ini lebih rendah dibandingkan triwulan sebelumnya yang tumbuh 5,6 persen (yoy). Perkembangan Realisasi Investasi PMA (Juta USD) dan PMDN (Miliyar Rp) di Aceh (hingga Triwulan III 2014) Perlambatan investasi tercermin dari menurunnya pertumbuhan realisasi investasi Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA). Investasi PMA tercatat rendah dibandingÂ kan dengan PMA periode sama pada 2013. PMA pada triwulan laporan berjumlah 3,1 juta US Dollar, mengalami penurunan sebesar -23 persen (yoy). Sementara itu, Penanaman Modal Dalam Negeri (PMDN) pada triwulan

implemented by Electric Steam Power Plant of Nagan Raya. Furthermore, there is revitalization of Arun in Lhokseumawe as gas receiver station supplying gas-based energy. This project is prepared to strengthen access of energy for companies or investment activity in Aceh. However, if seen from graphic, economic growth of Aceh tends to increase and decrease. Bank Indonesia report indicates that quarter III 2014, investment in Aceh grew 4.8 percent (yoy-year on year). This value is lower than the previous quarter growing 5.6 percent (yoy). Development of realized Investment PMA (Million USD) and PMDN (Billion Rp) in Aceh (up to Quarter III 2014) Deceleration of the investment is reflected from the decrease in the growth of realized investment of Foreign Investment (PMA). Investment of PMA has been recorded lower than that of PMA in the same period of 2013. PMA in the report quarter is US$3.1 million, suffered decrease of -23 percent (yoy). Whilst Domestic Investment (PMDN) in quarter III 2014 also decreased at the rate of -21 percent compared with that in 2013 in the same period.

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Presiden Jokowi di dampingi menteri BUMN dan Gubernur Aceh meresmikan LGN Pertamina Arun di Lhokseumawe di Aceh. Pekerja menyelesaikan proyek jaringan pipa transmisi gas Arun-Belawan sepanjang 350 km di Lhoksemauwe untuk menyediakan gas bagi industri dan pembangkit listrik yang ada di Aceh dan Sumatera Utara. / President Jokowi accompanied by the Minister of BUMN and Aceh Governor inaugurates Arun Pertamina LNG in Lhokseumawe in Aceh. Workers has completed the gas transmission pipe network project of Arun-Belawan as far as 350 km in Lhoksemauwe to prepare gas for the industries and power plants existing in Aceh and North Sumatera. FOTO: IST/WIDODO S

III 2014 juga menurun sebesar -21 persen dibandingkan tahun 2013 di periode yang sama. Penyebab turunnya realisasi investasi pada 2014 karena Pemilihan Legislatif dan Pemilihan Presiden. Hal ini membuat beberapa perusahaan menunda rencana investasi untuk mempelajari perkembangan situasi keamanan dan politik di Aceh.

Cause of the decrease in the investment realization in 2014 is Legislative Election and President Election. This matter made several companies canceled the plan of investment to learn the development of security and political situations in Aceh. The condition like that could be seen in 2012 when the private investment realization is only Rp 232.5 billion. In

(kiri) Aceh Investment Promotion (AIP) 2014 yang diselenggarakan oleh Aceh Investment Coordinating Board (BIP Aceh) yang berlangsung di Hermes Palace Hotel Banda Aceh, 20/05/2014. (kanan) Gubernur Aceh membuka The Aceh Business Forum "Go West! Invest In Aceh. / (left) the 2014 Aceh Investment Promotion (AIP) held by the Aceh Investment Coordinating Board (Aceh BIP) held in Hermes Palace Hotel Banda Aceh, 20/05/2014. (right) Aceh Governor opens The Aceh Business Forum â&#x20AC;&#x153;Go West! Invest in Aceh. FOTO: IST

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Gubernur Aceh Zaini Abdullah (tengah) berbincang dengan Tuan yang Terutama Yang Di Pertua Negeri (Gubernur) negara bagian Malaysia, Melaka Tun Datuk Seri Utama Mohd Khalil Bin Yaakob (kiri) dan Presiden Dunia Melayu Dunia Islam (DMDI ) YB Senator Tan Sri Hj Mohd Ali Mohd Rustam (kanan) ketika bertemu di Banda Aceh, Ace. Kedatangan pejabat, tokoh penting dan pengusaha negeri Malaka, Malaysia yang difasilitasi DMDI itu untuk menjajaki peluang bisnis dan investasi disektor kesehatan, pariwisata dan perhotelan di Provinsi Aceh. / Aceh Governor Zaini Abdullah (center) talks with Tuan yang Terutama Yang Di Pertua Negeri (Governor) of Malaysia state, Melaka Tun Datuk Seri Utama Mohd Khalil Bin Yaakob (left) and President dunia Melayu Duniia Islam (DMDI) YB Senator Tan Sri Hj Mohd Ali Mohd Rustam (right) when meet with in Banda Aceh, Aceh. The arrival of officials, important figures and entrepreneurs of Malaka state, Malaysia facilitated by DMDI in order to assess the business opportunity and investment in health, tourism and hotel sectors in Aceh Province. FOTO: IRWANSYAH

PUTRA/ANT

Kondisi seperti itu terlihat pada 2012 ketika realisasi investasi swasta hanya Rp232,5 miliar. Tahun itu, digelar Pilkada. Kontribusi realisasi investasi baik PMDN dan PMA masih sangat kecil terhadap total reaÂ lisasi investasi nasional, hanya mencapai 0,2 persen. Pada 2013, terdapat 40 perusahaan baru yang mendapat izin investasi di Aceh. Ada enam kabupaten dan kota yang menjadi lokasi realisasi investasi asing dan lokal, yakni: Nagan Raya, Aceh Besar, Aceh Utara, Aceh Timur, Aceh Barat, dan Aceh Tengah. Beranjak ke 2014, data Badan Investasi dan Promosi Aceh menunjukkan perkembangan bagus. Realisasi PMA mencapai Rp57,42 miliar sedangkan pada 2013 Rp297,69 miliar. Sementara, PMDN meningkat menjadi Rp2.060 triliun dibandingkan pada 2013 senilai Rp705,7 miliar. Secara kumulatif realisasi PMA dan PMDN pada 2014 meningkat sebesar 22.31 persen. Sedangkan penyerapan tenaga kerja pada 2014 mencapai 19.912 orang yang tersebar pada 197 proyek PMA dan PMDN di seluruh kabupaten serta kota di Aceh.

that year, the Regional Election was held. Contribution of investment realization both for PMDN and PMA is still very small towards total national investment realization that is only 0.2 percent. In 2013 there wer 40 new companies obtaining investment license in Aceh. There are six regencies and cities to be the location of realized foreign and local investment, namely: Nagan Raya, Aceh Besar, North Aceh, East Aceh, West Aceh, and Central Aceh. Moving to 2014, data of Aceh Investment and Promotion Agency indicates a good progress. Realization of PMA reached Rp 57.42 billion whilst in 2013 it was Rp 297.69 billion. PMDN increased to be Rp 2.060 trillion compared with in 2013 worth Rp 705.7 billion. Realization of PMA and PMDN in 2014 increased 22.31 percent cumulatively. In 2014 absorption of workforce was 19,912 persons spreading in 197 projects of PMA and PMDN throughout regencies and cities in Aceh. Regardless of that reaching, Aceh continued to try get

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Sektor energi di Aceh masih memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk dikembangkan. / Energy sector in Aceh has still a large potency to develop. FOTO: ACEHINVESTMENT

Terlepas dari pencapaian itu, Aceh terus berusaha menggaet investor menanamkan modalnya di sini. Akhir 2014 misalnya, Badan Investasi dan PLN Aceh bertemu Energias De Portugal. Investor asal Portugal ini tertarik dengan potensi hydropower di Jambo Aye, Aceh Utara. Lalu, pada Februari 2015 Duta Besar RI untuk Kroasia, Agus Sardjana, bertemu dengan Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh membahas kemungkinan kerjasama “sister city” antara Banda Aceh dengan Kota Vukovar di Kroasia. Vukovar salah satu kota di ujung timur Kroasia. Kota terbesar di Vukovar-Srijem County dan kota pelabuhan terpenting di sepanjang Sungai Danube ini rusak parah saat perang kemerdekaan Kroasia (1991-1994). Namun, Vukovar bangkit dengan cepat didukung oleh zona industri dan sumber daya manusia berkualitas yang kompetitif serta akses pasar yang luas di Uni Eropa. Kota ini ingin menjajaki peluang kerjasama ekonomi dengan Aceh, khususnya Banda Aceh. Beberapa kemungkinan potensi kerjasamanya seperti agroindustri, transportasi, energi, manufaktur dan pariwisata.

investors to invest their capital here. At the end of 2014 the Investment Agency and PLN Aceh met with Energias De Portugal, for example. This Investor from Portugal was interested in the potency of hydropower in Jambo Aye, North Aceh. In February 2015 Ambassador of RI for Croatian, Agus Sardjana, then met with Banda Aceh City Government to discuss the possibility of “sister city” cooperation between Banda Aceh and Vukovar City in Croatian. Vukovar is one of cities in the east end of Croatian. The biggest city in Vukovar-Srijem County and the most port city along Danube River were seriously damaged when Croatian Independence War occurred (1991-1994). However, Vukovar quickly rising was supported by industrial zone and competitive quality human resources as well as unlimited market access in the European Union. This city wants to explore the possibility of economic cooperation chance with Aceh, especially Banda Aceh. Several possibilities of cooperation potency such as agro-industry, transpor tation, energy, manufacturing and tourism.

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Menggeliatnya Usaha Kecil Menengah

Activation of Small and Medium Business

Gempa dan tsunami menghancurkan 5.176 usaha kecil dan menengah di Aceh. Tak butuh waktu lama, usaha-usaha itu kini bangkit dan berkembang kembali lewat program-program pemberdayaan ekonomi. Di Desa Manyang, Kecamatan Ingin Jaya, Aceh Besar, didirikan Rumoh Batek Aceh. Tempat ini dibangun sebagai sentra kerajinan Batik Aceh di Banda Aceh dan sekitarnya. Rumoh Batek Aceh memiliki ruang produksi, show room dan tempat pagelaran busana.

Earthquake and tsunami have destroyed 5,176 small and medium business in Aceh. It did not need a long time, these businesses now rise and redevelope through economic empowerment program. In Manyang Village, Ingin Jaya Sub-district, Aceh Besar, Rumoh Batek Aceh has been built. This place was built as art center of Batik Aceh in Banda Aceh and surrounding. Rumoh Batek Aceh has production room, show room and fashion show room.

Sebenarnya, Batik Aceh telah ada sejak 1980-an. Gubernur Aceh kala itu Ibrahim Hasan mendorong dan menantang pengusaha untuk memproduksi batik. Alasan Ibrahim sederhana saja, Aceh kaya akan motif yang bisa dijadikan ukiran batik. Ironinya, setelah bergeliat sejenak, produksi Batik Aceh lumpuh total sejak 1990 hingga 2000.

Actually Batik Aceh has existed since 1980s. The then Aceh Governor Ibrahim Hasan supported and challenged businessmen to produce batik. Ibrahimâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s reason is simple; Aceh is rich of motif that can become batik carving. Ironically, after being active for a while, the production of Batik Aceh was totally paralyzed from 1990 to 2000.

Setelah tsunami, reputasi Batik Aceh bangkit kembali dan merambah pasar internasional. Penggunaan motifÂ nya pun kian semarak. Memadukan unsur alam dan budaya serta perpaduan warna seperti merah, hijau, kuning, merah muda, motif Batik Aceh merangkum

After the tsunami, the reputation of Batik Aceh has revived and reached international markets. The use of motif has also increased. Combining natural and cultural elements as well as combination of color such as red, green, yellow, pink; motif of Batik Aceh

makna falsafah hidup ureueng Aceh. Secara umum, motif yang kerap dipakai adalah Pinto Aceh, rencong, meuketop, dan Gayo.

embraces the meaning of life philosophy of ureueng Aceh. Generally, motif often used is Pinto Aceh, rencong, meuketop, and Gayo.

Motif Gayo secara umum dipakai untuk dalam kerajinan tenun bernama Kerawang Gayo. Kerawang dulunya ukiran pada rumah Adat Gayo atau Pitu Ruang. Motif ukiran pada kayu inilah yang menginspirasi ahli seni Gayo untuk membuatnya di sebidang kain dengan cara ditenun. Dalam perkembangnya, Kerawang juga terlihat pada tas, pakaian, aksesoris, hiasan dinding, dan lain sebagainya. Kerawang Gayo sendiri memiliki beragam motif seperti mata itik, pucuk rebung, sesirung, leladu, mun berangkat, dan lain-lain. Setiap motif memiliki makna tersendiri.

Gayo motif is generally used in weaving craft named Kerawang Gayo. Kerawang was formerly carving to custom houses of Gayo or Pitu Ruang. This carving motif to woods inspired art expert of Gayo to make it on a piece of cloth by weaving it. Kerawang is on progress also seen on bag, clothes, accessories, wall decoration, etc. Kerawang Gayo itself has various motif such as mata itik, pucuk rebung, sesirung, leladu, mun berangkat, etc. each motif has special meaning.

Kerawang Gayo berasal dari Kabupaten Gayo Lues. Namun, industrinya juga tumbuh di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Salah satunya di Kampung Jongok Meluem, Kecamatan Kebayakan. Rata-rata, penjahit Kerawang Gayo bergabung dalam satu kelompok. Ada juga yang menjahit sendiri-sendiri untuk kemudian menjualnya ke toko souvenir. Kini, Kerawang Gayo juga kerap disertakan dalam pameran di dalam dan luar negeri.

Kerawang Gayo came from Gayo Lues Regency. However, its industry has also grown in Central Aceh Regency. One of them is in Kampung Jongok Meluem, Kebayakan Sub-district. On average, tailors of penjahit Kerawang Gayo join in a group. There is also those sewing by themselves and then selling it to a souvenir shop. Kerawang Gayo now also often to participate in national and international exhibitions. Whilst in South West Coast precisely in Southwest Aceh tumbuh two small and medium businesses namely bak

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Model memperagakan busana dan produk kerajinan Aceh pada pembukaan Rakerda Dewan Kerajinan Nasional Daerah (Dekranasda) Aceh dan Pameran Pembangunan 2014 di Lhokseumawe, Aceh. Penampilan model busana muslim dan kerajinan tangan dari masing masing perwakilan kabupaten/kota se-Aceh itu dalam rangka promosi keunggulan daerah. / A Model shows Aceh costume and handicraft product in the opening of the Regional Meeting (Rakerda) of the National Regional Handicraft Board (Dekranasda) of Aceh and the 2014 Development Expo in Lhokseumawe, Aceh. The model appearance of moslem costume and handicraft of each representative regency/city around Aceh in order to promote the advantage of region. FOTO. RAHMAD /ANT

Sementara di Pantai Barat Selatan tepatnya di Aceh Barat Daya tumbuh dua usaha kecil menengah yakni kerajinan bak crot (eceng gondok) dan balsem pala. Eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) atau dalam bahasa Aceh disebut bak crot, oleh para perempuan di Desa Durian Rampak, Kecamatan Susoh, diubah menjadi sofa, vas bunga, tas, partisi, kotak tisu, kotak perhiasan, kap lampu, tudung saji, tikar dan topi. Para perajin bergabung dalam sebuah kelompok bernama Bungong Crot. Bungong Crot berdiri sejak 8 Maret 2010. Sebelum dibentuk, beberapa anggotanya studi banding melihat kerajinan serupa di Bandung, Jawa Barat. Sepulang dari sana, mereka membentuk kelompok dengan 20 anggota untuk mengembangkan kerajinan bak crot.

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crot (water hyacinth) craft and nutmeg balm craft have grown. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) or in Aceh language named bak crot, by women in Durian Rampak Village, Susoh Sub-distrik, was changed to be sofa, flower vases, bags, partisions, tissue box, jewelry box, lampshade, food cover, mat and hat. Craftsmen join in a group named Bungong Crot. Bungong Crot was established on March 8, 2010. Before it was established, its several members comparatively studied to see the similar craft in Bandung, West Java. After finishing their studies, they formed a group having 20 members to develop bak crot craft. Whilst nutmeg balm is produced by women from Alue Pisang, Kuala Batee Sub-distrik. This craft becomes

Gubernur Aceh Zaini Abdullah didamping Wali Kota Lhoksemawe Suaidi Yahya dan Ketua KPA Pase T Zulkarnaini (Tgk Ni), melakukan pemukulan bedug di tandai secara resmi Rakerda Dekranasda se-Aceh, Pameran Kerajinan dan Pameran Pembangunan Kota Lhokseumawe 2014 telah di buka. / Aceh Governor Zaini Abdullah accompanied by Lhokseumawe Mayor Suaidi Yahya and Head of KPA Pase T Zulkarnaini (Tgk Ni), beats drum officially marking Rakerda Dekranasda around Aceh that the 2014 Handicraft and Lhokseumawe City Development Expo has been opened. FOTO. RAHMAD /ANT

Sedangkan balsem pala dibuat oleh kaum ibu dari Gampong Alue Pisang, Kecamatan Kuala Batee. Kerajinan ini dijadikan produk unggulan kabupaten. Buah pala mudah diperoleh di Aceh Barat Daya. Hampir setiap kecamatan di Aceh Barat Daya ada petani menaÂ nam komoditas unggulan daerah berjuluk Bumoe Breuh Sigupai (Negeri Beras Sigupai) tersebut. Balsem pala memang masih dipasarkan di tingkal lokal saja, tapi para perajin berharap produk itu tembus ke pasar nasional.

featured product of the regency. Nutmeg fruit is easily gained in Southwest Aceh. Almost in each sub-district in Southwest Aceh there are farmers planting such regional featured commodity dubbed Bumoe Breuh Sigupai(Sigupai Rice Country). The nutmeg balm seems still to be marketed locally, but the craftsmen hope that the product penetrate to national markets. Besides handicraft, Aceh is now knows as one of natural

Program daur ulang sampah plastik untuk mengangkat perekonomian masyarakat korban tsunami binaan UNDP dan Multi Donor Fund. FOTO. IST

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Nelayan menjemur gurita yang telah diasinkan di Desa Layeun, Leupung, Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Gurita asin dijual antara Rp20.000 hingga Rp180.000 tergantung ukuran yang dipasarkan hingga ke wilayah Sumatera Utara. / A fisherman dries up salted octopus in Layeun Village, Leupung, Aceh Besar Regency. Salted octopus is sold from Rp 20.000 to Rp 180.000 depending on the size of those marketed through the area of North Sumatera. FOTO. IRWANSYAH PUTRA

Selain kerajinan tangan, Aceh kini dikenal sebagai salah satu sentra penghasil batu alam seperti giok untuk hiasan cincin. Batu Aceh diminati hingga ke mancanegara. Misalnya, Giok dan Batu Lumut Aceh. Dua batu mulia asli nusantara ini beberapa tahun belakangan menjadi primadona dan diburu kolektor. Saking kesohornya Aceh sebagai penghasil batu, pada Februari 2015, digelar Festival Batu Aceh di Hotel Hermes Palace. Festival diikuti ratusan peserta dengan 50 stan yang memamerkan giok beragam jenis. Ada juga cempaka, kecubung, delima, dan batu akik jenis lainnya. Dari sektor ekonomi, kini hampir di setiap daerah di Aceh bisa ditemukan para penjual batu akik dan giok. Tak kalah ramainya, gerai khusus asah batu cincin.[]

stone centers such as jade for ring ornament. Batu Aceh was demanded internationally. For example, Jade and Batu Lumut Aceh. These two original archipelago gemstones have been belle and hunted by collectors in recent years. Because Aceh is very popular as stone producer, in February 2015, Batu Aceh Festival in Hotel Hermes Palace was held. The festival was followed by hundreds of participants with 50 stands exhibiting various jades. There was also cempaka, kecubung, delima, and other types of agate. From economic sector, almost in each region of Aceh it can be now found agate and jade sellers. There was also a crowded stand especially for grinding ring stones.[]

(kanan) Perajin memperlihatkan beragam asesoris kerajinan tangan dari bahan batu alam jenis giok yang diperdagangkan di Desa Suka Makmue, Nagan Raya, Aceh. (kiri) Dari kiri ke kanan, Pangdam Iskandar Muda, Wagub Aceh dan kapolda Aceh, di pameran batu alam Festival Batee Aceh 2015. / (right) A craftsman shows various handicraft accessories made of jade-type natural stone traded in Suka Makmue Village, Nagan Raya, Aceh. (left) from left to right, Pangdam Iskandar Muda, Aceh Vice Governor and Aceh Police Chief in the natural stone expo the 2015 Aceh Batee Festival. FOTO. IRWANSYAH PUTRA

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Pembangunan kembali usaha kecil dan menengah pasca tsunami melalui pameran kerajinan dari berbagai desa di Aceh. / Redevelopment of small and middle business following the tsunami through a handicraft expo from various villages in Aceh. FOTO. USAID

Pengrajin bordir motif Aceh di salah satu tempat produksi Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB). Produk dipasarkan ke berbagai daerah di Indonesia juga melayani pesanan dari negara Malaysia. / Aceh motive embroidery Craftsmen in one of production areas Joint Business Group (KUB). The products are marketed to various regions in Indonesia and they serve order from Malaysia.

Tas hasil produk kerajinan tangan Aceh yang telah menembus pasar penjualan massal di Amerika Serikat. / Aceh handicraft-produced bags that have gone through mass selling market in the United States of America. FOTO. IST

Perajin menyelesaikan pembuatan Batik cetak di Rumah Batik Aceh, Aceh Besar. / A craftsman finishes the making of printed Batik in Rumah Batik Aceh, Aceh Besar. FOTO. IST

Bantuan pelatihan dan teknologi untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas produk UKM melalui Koperasi. / An Assistance of training and technology to improve the quality and quantity of UKM products through a Cooperative.

FOTO. IRWANSYAH / ANT

FOTO. MDF

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BAB IV / CHAPTER 1V

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TAK KENAL MAKA TAK SELAMAT: MEMESRAI BENCANA NOT KNOW NOT SAFE: BEING INTIMATE WITH DISASTER Sepuluh tahun setelah gempa dan tsunami menggilas Aceh, kita disadarkan bahwa selama ini kita telah terbuai oleh keindahan serta kesuburan tanah negeri yang dipinjamkan Tuhan kepada bangsa Indonesia. After earthquake and tsunami destroyed Aceh ten years ago, we realize that we have been lulled in the beauty and land fertility lended by God to Indonesian people.

EINDAHAN dan kesuburan yang seÂsungguhÂÂ nya berdampingan dengan potensi bencana besar, sehubungan dengan letak geografis serta keadaan geologisnya Sesungguhnyalah, bencana tsunami harus menyadarkan kita bahwa ada banyak hal yang harus disiapkan ketika tinggal di daerah yang sedemikian mesra dengan potensi bencana, seperti Nusantara. Dalam hal ini, Jepang, negeri yang sama-sama berbentuk kepulauan serta sama-sama dipangku lempeng tektonik yang sangat aktif, patut kita toleh untuk memperoleh pelajaran, bagaimana berdamai dengan bencana. Seperti disiratkan dari istilah dalam bahasanya, yang secara internasional kini digunakan untuk menyebut gelombang laut pembunuh yang disebabkan oleh gempa tektonik, Jepang adalah Negara yang paling kenal dengan tsunami, juga paling siap menghadapinya. Kota-kota pesisir Jepang dilengkapi dengan Tsunami Warning System (TWS). Tsunami Warning System digunakan untuk mendeteksi potensi tsunami dan mengeluarkan peringatan pada masyarakat, untuk mencegah jatuhnya korban. TWS terdiri dari dua komponen penting, yaitu

HE real beauty and fertility adjoin to potency of big disaster with regard to the location of geography and geology. Actually tsunami disaster must make us realizing that there are many things that must be prepared when we live in the area having close relation with disaster potency, as in the Archipelago. In this matter, Japan, country equally having islands and assuming very active tectonic plate, we should observe to wisdom, how to make peace with disaster. As implied from the term of its language, internationally it is now used to mention killer sea wave caused by tectonic quake, Japan is the State that exactly knows tsunami, and also is ready to face so. Coast cities in Japan are equipped with the Tsunami Warning System (TWS). The Tsunami Warning System is used to detect the potency of tsunami and give warning to people for the purpose of victims prevention. TWS consists of two important components, namely tsunami detecting sensor network and communication infrastructure having function of giving early warning enabling an effective evacuation to a threathened area. The world knows TWS in two categories, namely

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jaringan sensor pendeteksi tsunami dan infrastruktur komunikasi yang berguna untuk mengeluarkan peringatan dini yang memungkinkan evakuasi efektif terhadap area terancam. Dunia mengenal TWS dalam dua kategori, yaitu internasional dan regional. Secara internasional, TWS terdiri dari 26 negara anggota dengan jaringan informasi meliputi area potensial bencana tsunami seperti kawasan Asia-Pasifik dan Samudera Hindia.

internasionally and regionally. Internationally, TWS consists of 26 member states with information network covering area of potential tsunami disaster such as Asia-Pacifik and Indian Ocean regions. After the 2004 Tsunami, in January 2005 in Kobe, Japan, the United Nations (PBB) held a conference deciding an important step towards the International Tsunami Warning Program, PBB would make a system

Gedung Kantor Disaster and Mitigation Research Centre (Pusat Riset Bencana dan Mitigasi, DMRC) yang juga memiliki fungsi sebagai escape building bila terjadi tsunami di Gampong Pie, Aceh. / Office building of Disaster and Mitigation Research Centre also having function as escape building in case of tsunami in Gampong Pie, Aceh. FOTO: IST

Setelah Tsunami 1204, pada Januari 2005 di Kobe, Jepang, PBB mengadakan konferensi yang memu足tus足 kan bahwa langkah penting menuju sebuah Program Peringatan Tsunami Internasional, PBB akan mendirikan sebuah sistem yang disebut Sistem Peri足nga足tan Tsunami Samudera Hindia (Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System). Hasilnya, serangkaian sistem peringatan di Indonesia serta Negara-negara terimbas lainnya. Indonesia, dibantu UNICEF serta negara-negara sahabat seperti Jepang, Jerman, Australia, Singapura

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named Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System. The result is a series of warning systems in Indonesia and other Countries hit. Indonesia, assisted by UNICEF and friendly countries such as Japan, German, Australia, Singapore, etc has also held tsunami drill, or a drill of facing tsunami. In Banda Aceh, UNICEF and Government held tsunami drill in SD Muhammadiyah I, Merduati, Banda Aceh. Before tsunami, building of SD Muhammadiyah I was in the form of semi-permanent brick and wood building.

(kiri) Para siswa melindungi diri dengan tas sekolah mereka saat latihan gempa di Sekolah Dasar Muhammadiyah 1 Banda Aceh. (kanan) Siswa berlindung di bawah meja selama latihan gempa. / (left) Students protect themselves by their school bags when getting earthquake training in Muhammadiyah 1 Elementary School Banda Aceh. (right) Students take shelter under table during the earthquake training. FOTO: UNICEF/ACHMADI

dan lain-lain, juga mengadakan tsunami drill, atau latihan menghadapi tsunami. Di Banda Aceh, UNICEF dan Pemerintah mengadakan tsunami drill di SD Muhammadiyah I, Merduati, Banda Aceh. Sebelum tsunami, gedung SD Muhammadiyah I berupa bangunan semi permanen dari bata dan kayu. Para insinyur UNICEF mendesain ulang gedung tersebut menjadi bangunan yang lebih tahan gempa, dengan pondasi yang lebih dalam serta sistem penopang yang lebih baik.

Engineers of UNICEF redesigned such building to be shockproof with deeper foundation as well as better boom system. In 2004 SD Muhammadiyah I lost 99 percent of its students. Only 17 of 300 students were safe from tsunami. Therefore, teachers in such school have felt relieved after the school building was repaired and they have been trained to face earthquake and tsunami.

Siswa dibantu guru mereka membantu korban luka dalam latihan tsunami di sekolah. / Students assisted by their teachers help the injuries in the tsunami training at school. FOTO: UNICEF/ACHMADI

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Tahun 2004 SD Muhammadiyah I kehilangan 99 persen siswanya. Hanya 17 dari 300 orang siswa yang selamat dari betotan tsunami. Karena itu, para guru di sekolah tersebut merasa agak lega setelah gedung sekolah diperbaiki dan mereka serta para siswa dibekali latihan menghadapi gempa dan tsunami. Seorang siswi yang masih berusia satu tahun saat tsunami melebur kotanya mengaku, “Saya memang takut sekali pada lindu dan tsunami. Tapi, saya juga tahu, apa yang harus saya lakukan kalau kedua hal itu terjadi.” Menurut gadis kecil yang jago matematika ini, tsunami drill yang diadakan di sekolahnya telah membantunya untuk bersikap lebih positif dalam menghadapi ancaman bencana. TWS di Banda Aceh juga mencakup peralatan sirine di pesisir seperti Ulee Lheue dan Lampulo, yang akan berbunyi bila ada ancaman tsunami, sebagai peringatan pada penduduk agar segera melakukan evakuasi. Latihan atau simulasi tsunami juga mulai diadakan

A one year-old student when tsunami destroyed her city admitted, “I was really afraid of earthquake and tsunami. However, I also know what I have to do when the both things are happened.” According to the little girl who is clever in mathematics, tsunami drill held in her school has helped her to have more positive attitude towards fasing disaster threat. TWS in Banda Aceh also covers siren equipment at the coast such as Ulee Lheue and Lampulo, that will sound in case of tsunami threat, as warning to residents that they be evacuated. Tsunami drill or simulation was also held in Banda Aceh at the first ime on October 14, 2009. The residents involved are only about 600 persons, as that simulation was as trial of inter-institution system and coordination. When visiting Aceh in order to observe the progress of Aceh after the 2004 tsunami, the Japanese Vice Minister of Reconstruction Koichi Tani reminded Aceh Government to frequently make simulation

(kiri) Para teknisi Jerman berusaha menurunkan Germany-Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) di Samudra Hindia. (kanan) Sistem peringatan dini tsunami sumbangan pemerintah Jerman senilai 40 juta Euro. / (left) German Technicians try to lower the Germany-Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) in the Indian Ocean. (right) The Tsunami Early Warning System donated by German Government at the price of 40 million Euro. FOTO: IST

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Masyarakat memasuki escape building saat tsunami drill dilakukan di Aceh. / The society enters the escape building when the tsunami drill is performed in Aceh. FOTO: IST

di Banda Aceh, yang pertama pada 14 Oktober 2009. Penduduk yang dilibatkan hanya sekitar 600 orang, karena simulasi kali itu bertujuan sebagai uji coba pada sistem dan koordinasi antarlembaga. Dalam kesempatan melawat ke Aceh guna meninjau perkembangan Aceh pascatsunami 1204, Wakil Menteri Rekonstruksi Jepang Koichi Tani, mengingatkan Pemerintah Aceh agar sering-sering membuat program simulasi dan sosialisasi tentang penyelamatan diri dari bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami kepada anak usia dini dan generasi muda Aceh. “Kami sampaikan dan ingatkan ini kepada Pemerintah Aceh karena posisi Aceh berada pada daerah rawan bencana gempa bumi dan tsunami,” kata Tani-san pada pertemuannya dengan Sekretaris Daerah Aceh, pada 30 April 2014, di ruang rapat Sekda Aceh. Bila program simulasi dan sosialisasi tersebut tidak sering dilakukan, yang dikuatirkan adalah generasi muda Aceh yang akan datang menjadi lupa dan tidak siap menghadapi bencana tersebut.

and socialization program about self-rescue from earthquake and tsunami disaster to early age children and young generation of Aceh. “We express dan remind this to Aceh Government as the position of Aceh is in the prone area of earthquake and tsunami disaster,” Tani-san said in the meeting with Aceh Regional Secretary on April 30, 2014 at meeting room of Aceh Regional Secretary. If the simulation and socialization program are not often performed, the future Aceh young generation will forget and be not ready to face such disaster. According to the Vice Minister, Japan is able to minimize total victim of earthquake and tsunami disaster, as it often provides drill and socialization of self rescue. The budget is prepared every year in the Japanese State Bud get. Suggestions given by “elder brother” having wide ex periences in a mitigation of disaster should be considered. The experience of Japan in the mitigation of disaster is also reflected in the work done in Aceh reconstruction

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Badan Penangulangan Bencana Aceh (BPBA), Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) dan SAR Aceh bersama masyarakat melaksanakan tsunami drill. / Aceh Disaster Management Agency (BPBA), Indonesian Red Cross (PMI) and Aceh SAR together with the community perform the tsunami drill. FOTO: IST

Jepang, menurut Wakil Menteri, sanggup memini malisir jumlah korban bencana gempa dan tsunami, karena sering melakukan pelatihan dan sosialisasi penyelamatan diri. Anggarannya disediakan setiap tahun dalam belanja APBN Jepang. Saran yang datang dari “saudara tua” yang sangat berpengalaman soal mitigasi bencana ini tentu saja sangat layak dipertimbangkan. Pengalaman Jepang dalam urusan mitigasi bencana terpantul juga pada pekerjaan yang digarapnya pada saat rekonstruksi dan rehabilitasi Aceh, pasca Desember 2004. Saat itu Jepang mengerjakan pembersihan, pembenahan dan perbaikan flood dyke Krueng Aceh,

and rehabilitation after December 2004. At that time Japan worked cleaning and repair of flood dyke Krueng in Aceh, whose development in New Order period was a development project also funded in the form of soft loan by Japanses Empire. Japan also assisted drainage system repair of drainage of Banda Aceh Citty, sanitation system and supply of fresh water. The re-development of Banda Aceh then followed a better layout pattern in which public space, open space and green open space were provided in accordance with the urban planning demand. The deceased Mayor of Banda Aceh Ir. Mawardi dedicated his city to “friendly woman and children” concept continued by his successor Illiza Sa’aduddin Jamal.

Banda Aceh kini memiliki tata ruang yang lebih ramah sesuai dengan tuntutan tatakota dan sigap akan bencana. / Banda Aceh now has a familiar layout according to the demand of city planning and been ready for disaster. FOTO: IST

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Escape building di Gampong Pie. Gedung ini lebih difungsikan sebagai Kantor Pusat Riset Bencana dan Mitigasi. / Escape building in Gampong Pie. This building is functioned as Head Office of Disaster Research and Mitigation. FOTO: IST

yang pembangunannya pada masa Orde Baru merupa kan proyek pembangunan yang juga dibiayai dengan soft loan dari Kekaisaran Jepang. Jepang juga membantu perbaikan sistem drainase Kota Banda Aceh, sistem sanitasi serta penyediaan air bersih. Pembangunan kembali Banda Aceh kemudian mengikuti pola tata ruang yang lebih baik, dimana ruang publik, ruang terbuka dan ruang terbuka hijau diadakan sesuai dengan tuntutan tata kota. Almarhum Walikota Banda Aceh Ir. Mawardi mendedikasikan kotanya pada konsep “ramah perempuan dan anak” yang dilanjutkan oleh penerusnya Illiza Sa’aduddin Jamal. Banda Aceh juga menyediakan gedung-gedung penyelamatan (escape building) di beberapa tempat strategis di Kecamatan Meuraxa, yang merupakan garda depan Banda Aceh bila tsunami datang lagi, karena letaknya yang sangat dekat dengan laut.

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Pengenalan dan simulasi bencana aktif dilakukan di sekolah-sekolah salah satunya melalui program Sekolah Siaga Bencana. / Introduction and simulation of active disaster made in schools, whose one of them is through the Ready to Disaster School program. FOTO: IST

Escape building di Meuraxa terletak di Deah Teungoh, Deah Glumpang dan Lambung. Sebuah lagi, dengan desain yang agak lain, terletak di Gampong Pie. Gedung ini lebih difungsikan sebagai Kantor Disaster and Mitigation Research Centre (Pusat Riset Bencana dan Mitigasi, DMRC). Karena itu desainnya pun berbeda dengan ketiga escape building lainnya. Tiga escape building di luar Gampong Pie memiliki desain terbuka, merupakan hasil rancangan Japan International Cooperation System (JICS) Study Team dalam project Urgent Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan (URRP) untuk Kota Banda Aceh pada Maret 2005 sampai dengan Maret 2006. Bila gedung riset DMRC didanai BRR Aceh-Nias, maka tiga gedung escape building lain didanai oleh Pemerintah Jepang melalui JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency, Badan Kerjasama Internasional Jepang), dengan melibatkan tenaga ahli Aceh dari Universitas Syiah Kuala dalam bidang arsitektur.

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Banda Aceh also prepares escape building in several strategic places of Meuraxa Sub-district, that are a vanguard of Banda Aceh if tsunami come again, as the locations are very close to sea. The Escape buildings in Meuraxa are located in Deah Teungoh, Deah Glumpang and Lambung. Another one with different design is located in Gampong Pie. This building is functioned as office of the Disaster and Mitigation Research Centre (DMRC). Therefore, its design is different with other three escape buildings. Three escape buildings outside Gampong Pie have open design that is the design result of the Japan International Cooperation System (JICS) Study Team in the project of the Urgent Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan (URRP) for Banda Aceh City from March 2005 to March 2006. If the research building of DMRC was funded by BRR Aceh-Nias, other three escape buildings were funded by Japanese Government through JICA (Japan

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Aktivis dan mahasiswa peduli lingkungan menanam 10 ribu bakau dan kelapa di Desa Lhok Seudu Leupung, Aceh Besar. Selain mencegah kehancuran dan mengelola kelestarian ekosistem bakau juga dapat menahan gelombang bila terjadi tsunami. / Environmental-caring activists and students plant ten thousand mangroves and coconuts in Lhok Seudu Leupung Village, Aceh Besar. Besides preventing destruction and managing the mangrove ecosystem preservation, it also can hold wave in case of tsunami. FOTO: IRWANSYAH PUTRA/ANT

Semua gedung yang diproyeksikan sebagai gedung penyelamatan ini tahan gempa hingga 10 Skala Richter. Selain itu bagian atasnya rata dan tanpa pagar pembatas. Selain dimaksudkan sebagai antisipasi terÂhadap terjangan tsunami (yang pada tahun 2004 di Meuraxa tingginya mencapai lebih dari 10 meter), atap rata ini juga berfungsi sebagai helipad, yang akan memudahkan helikopter jenis Bell atau lainnya (yang sesuai untuk disaster relief) untuk mendarat, sehingga memudahkan evakuasi. Pada simulasi

International Cooperation Agency), by involving Aceh experts of Universitas Syiah Kuala in the field of architecture. All buildings projected as these escape buildings are shockproof up to 10 on Richter scale. Moreover, the top is flat and without guardrail. It is also to anticipate tsunami (in 2004 the height reached more than 10 meter in Meuraxa), this roof is also functioned as helipad that will facilitate Bell helicopter or others

Anggota Brimob Polda Aceh mengikuti latihan SAR untuk meningkatkan kemampuan personil, terutama dalam pertolongan dan penyelamatan. / Mobile Brigade (Brimob) members of Aceh Regional Police participate in SAR training in order to improve personnel ability, particularly in the assistance and saving. FOTO: AMPELSA/ANT

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bencana tsunami pertama tahun 2008, terbukti bahwa helikopter bisa mendarat dengan mudah di atap escape building di Kecamatan Meuraxa. Selain gedung-gedung evakuasi yang memang sengaja didesain sebagai antisipasi bencana, kini Banda Aceh boleh berbangga dengan adanya gedunggedung lain yang sama-sama mampu menjadi tempat menyelamatkan diri, dengan pondasi yang sanggup menahan gempa hingga 10 Skala Richter. Gedung itu, antara lain, Museum Tsunami Banda Aceh di jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda. Dengan akses ke lantai atas berupa jalan (bukan tangga) yang landai dan cukup lebar (4 meter), Museum Tsunami diproyeksikan dapat menjadi venue penyelamatan warga. Selain itu, Balai Kota Banda Aceh yang berdesain futuristik juga memiliki ketahanan yang sama. Begitu juga beberapa gedung pemerintah lainnya yang dibangun sesudah tsunami. Ini adalah tanda bahwa Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh mau belajar dari pengalaman.

(that are suitable to disaster relief) to land, so that it facilitates an evacuation. In the first tsunami disaster simulation in 2008, it was proven that helicopter could land easily on the roof of escape building in Meuraxa Sub-district. Besides evacuation buildings that are deliberately designed as anticipation of disaster, Banda Aceh is now proud of the existing other buildings having the same ability to rescue self, with shockproof foundation of up to 10 on Richter scale. That building is Banda Aceh Tsunami Museum in jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda. With access to upstair in the form of sloping and wide enough (4 meter) way (not ladder), the Tsunami Museum is projected to be a venue of residentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rescue. Moreover, Banda Aceh City Hall designed futuristically has the same endurance and so are other several governmental buildings built after tsunami. This is a sign that Banda Aceh City Government wants to learn from the experience.

Kantor Walikota Banda Aceh yang memiliki desain futuristik dan ketahanan akan gempa. / Banda Aceh Mayor Office having a futuristic and quakeproof design. FOTO: IRWANSYAH PUTRA/ANT

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Penduduk pulau Simeuleu mendendangkan tembang Smong. Kearifan lokal tentang smong mengakar di Simeulu, menjadi budaya mereka. Adalah tsunami yang terjadi pada 4 Januari 1907 sebagai pemicunya. Banyaknya korban kala itu, kisah diteruskan ke anak-cucu, sampai kini. / Simeuleu Island residents sing a Smong song. The local wisdom of smong has rooted in Semulu, and become their culture. The tsunami occurred on January 4, 1907 has become the trigger. There were many victims at that time. The story has been forwarded to their children and grandchildren up to now. FOTO: ACHMADI/UNICEF

Siaga Tsunami

Tsunami Alert

Tsunami Desember 2004 banyak merenggut korban jiwa karena umumnya rakyat Aceh saat itu tidak mengetahui apa yang harus dilakukan bila menghadapi gempa dan tsunami. Banyak korban tidak paham bahwa saat laut surut setelah gempa (di Ulee Lheue sampai 10 meter dari garis pantai) adalah tanda bahwa gelombang akan datang kembali dengan kekuatan sepuluh kali lipat.

Tsunami in December 2004 snatched may victims as at that time generally Aceh people did not know what had to do in case of earthquake and tsunami. Many victims did not understand that when sea recedes after earthquake (in Ulee Lheue up to 10 meter of shoreline) is the sign that wave will come again with ten folds of strength.

Saat itu banyak warga Banda Aceh yang tengah menikmati suasana pantai malah berjalan masuk ke area yang sebelumnya digenangi air laut untuk mengambil ikan-ikan yang terjebak. Juga tidak ada yang memperhatikan tanda alam lain berupa paniknya binatang-binatang: burung-burung laut yang tergesa-

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At that time many residents of Banda Aceh enjoying beach scene even entered into the area that was previously flooded sea water to find fishes trapped. There was not also those look carefully at other natural signs in the form of animals: petrels hastily flying toward the mainland, cats, dogs and other animals (in Aceh there are many livestock owners who let their

gesa terbang ke arah daratan, kucing, anjing dan binatang lain (di Aceh banyak pemilik hewan ternak membiarkan peliharaannya bebas di jalan-jalan) yang juga gelisah dan berusaha lari ke tempat lebih tinggi. Ini berbeda dengan yang terjadi di Pulau Simeulue. Rakyat Simeulue sudah seratusan tahun mengenal tsunami dengan nama smong. Kebijakan lokal berupa syair tentang smong dan bagaimana menghindarinya biasa dibawakan kelompok-kelompok kecil kesenian Simeulue. Meskipun awalnya generasi muda Simeulue hanya menganggap syair itu semacam bentuk kebijakan nenek moyang yang tidak terlalu perlu dihiraukan, pada 26 Desember 2004 mereka merasakan kebenaran serta manfaat syair smong. Dari 170 ribu korban meninggal di Aceh, korban dari Simeulue hanya tujuh orang saja. Bunyi (syair) nandong Smong dalam bahasa Devayan itu begini: Anga linon ne mali, Uwek suruik sahuli Maheya mihawali fano me singa tenggi, Ede smong kahanne. Artinya kurang lebih: Jika gempanya kuat, disusul air (laut) yang surut Segeralah kalian cari tempat yang lebih tinggi, Itulah smong namanya. Nandong Smong sudah sangat dikenal oleh anak-anak dan kaum muda Pulau Simeulue. Kebijakan leluhur mereka tampaknya memang menjadikan mereka sebagai sasaran utama dari kampanye smong. Belajar dari tsunami Aceh 2004 dan tsunami Sendai 2011, nampaknya anak-anak usia sekolah adalah lapisan masyarakat yang paling penting untuk mendapatkan pendidikan dasar tentang bencana alam umumnya dan tsunami khususnya.

pets freely) that were also nervous and tried to run to higher places. This is different from that occurred in Simeulue Island. People of Simeulue has known tsunami named smong hundreds of years. Local policy in the form of lyrics about smong and how to hinder so is normally performed by small art group of Simeulue. Although at the beginning Simeulue young generations only deem that lyrics is like ancestorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s policy that should not be ignored, on December 26, 2004 they felt the truth and advantage of lyrics about smong. Of 170 deaths in Aceh, there was only seven victims from Simeulue. Content (lyrics) about nandong Smong in Devayan language as follows: Anga linon ne mali, Uwek suruik sahuli Maheya mihawali fano me singa tenggi, Ede smong kahanne. The meaning is approximately: If earthquake is strong, Followed by receding water (sea) You should immediately find a higher place, It is smong. Nandong Smong has been known by children and youth in Simeulue Island. Their ancestorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s policy seems to make them as the main target of smong campaign. Learning from the 2004 Aceh tsunami and the 2011 Sendai tsunami, school-aged children is seemingly the most important society to get basic education about natural disaster generally and tsunami particularly. According to the record of Indonesian Government, the United Nations and other institutions, one and third of 170,000 deaths in Aceh are children. This is contrast and heartbreaking, this is different from what occurred

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Dinas Pendidikan Aceh menyelenggarakan Festival Sekolah Siaga Bencana di Gedung TDMRC Unsyiah, sebagai bentuk pembelajaran kebencanaan yang dikemas secara kreatif dan menyenangkan. / The Aceh Education Service holds a Disaster Alert School Festival in TDMRC Unsyiah Building, as form of disaster learning provided in creative and pleasure manner. FOTO: IST

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Menurut catatan Pemerintah Indonesia, PBB dan lemÂbaga lain, sepertiga dari 170.000 korban tewas di Aceh adalah anak-anak. Ini secara kontras dan sangat memilukan, amat berbeda dari apa yang terjadi di kota Kamaishi, Prefektur Iwate, Jepang, menyusul megatsunami 11 Maret 2011. Nyaris seluruhnya dari 3.000 siswa SD dan SMP di sana, selamat dari gulungan tsunami. Contoh terbaik adalah apa yang terjadi di Unosumai, distrik yang menderita kerusakan paling parah. Segera setelah gempa dahsyat 9.0 Skala Richter mengÂ guncang kota, siswa-siswi SMP Higashi Kamaishi lari keluar sekolah menuju ketinggian. Reaksi cepat para remaja muda itu memancing murid-murid dan guru SD Unosumai, di dekat situ, untuk langsung menyusul. Mereka seketika diikuti oleh masyarakat sekitar. Yang mengharukan adalah bagaimana siswa-siswi

in Kamaishi City, Prefektur Iwate, Jepang, following mega-tsunami on March 11, 2011. Almost all of 3,000 students of Elementary School and Junior High School there were safe from tsunami wave. The best example is what occurred in Unosumai, a district suffering the most sever damage. After a huge earthquake measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale shook the city, students of Higashi Kamaishi Junior High School run outside school towards a height. Quick reaction of those young people provoked students and teachers of Unosumai Elementary School near there to follow immediately. Soon they were followed by the surrounding community. One affecting is how older students guided their younger brothers to a safe area, whilst at their back Senday mega-tsunami was coming to their schools and city.

Program JENESYS 2.0 Disaster Prevention Course oleh Jepang. Beberapa anak muda Indonesia diberi penjelasan mengenai manajemen bencana serta berkesempatan mengunjungi museum bencana Sona AreaTokyo dan labolaturium ilmu kebencanaan di Chiba Science of Institute di Jepang. / JENESYS 2.0 Disaster Prevention Course Program by Japan. Several Indonesian teenagers have an explanation for disaster management and an opportunity to visit Sona Area Tokyo disaster museum and disaster science laboratory in Chiba Science of Institute in Japan. FOTO: ASLAN SAPUTRA

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Rambu arah evakuasi menuju escape building. / Direction Signs of evacuation towards the escape building. FOTO: IST

yang lebih tua membimbing adik-adiknya yang lebih kecil menuju daerah aman, sementara di belakang punggung mereka mega-tsunami Sendang datang meraung melahap sekolah dan kota mereka. Jelas tampak di sini pentingnya tsunami and disaster drill pada anak-anak usia sekolah. Kenyataan bahwa siswa SMP, dan bukan guru-guru atau orang dewasa lain, yang memelopori evakuasi Kamaishi, benar-benar menunjukkan betapa besarnya pengaruh pendidikan pada anak-anak.

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It is clearly the importance of tsunami and disaster drill for school-age children. The fact is that Junior High School students, not teachers or other adults, heading the evacuation of Kamaishi, it really indicates how much education can influence children. imitating Simeulue and Japan, once again the campaign about tsunami will be always done through arts. If Simeulue has NandongSmong, in Japan there is a legend about “Yuki and The Tsunami”, a story in which a clever boy succeeded to evacuate village people safely.

Meniru Simeulue dan Jepang, sekali lagi, kampanye tentang tsunami selalu dapat dilakukan melalui seni. Kalau Simeulue memiliki Nandong Smong, di Jepang ada legenda “Yuki and The Tsunami”, lakon dimana seorang anak lelaki cerdas berhasil membawa warga kampung ke keselamatan.

Besides escape building, Banda Aceh has been now equipped with direction signs of evacuation route, if tsunami come again. However, those signs will be useless if people do not know when and hot to follow those signs to a safe place.

Selain escape building, Banda Aceh kini juga telah diperlengkapi dengan rambu-rambu penunjuk rute evakuasi, sekiranya tsunami datang lagi. Tapi kehadiran rambu-rambu itu akan percuma saja, bila masyarakat

As earthquake measuring 8.9 on the Richter scale in magnitude shook Banda Aceh on April 11, 2012. The residents were soon afraid and panics, splattered to find a height. At that time a sign installed on the

Rambu peringatan tsunami dan petunjuk arah evakuasi menuju tempat-tempat aman seperti escape building dan bukit kini terpasang di Aceh. / Warning signs of tsunami and directions of evacuation towards safe sites as the escape building and hills are now installed in Aceh. FOTO: IST

tidak tahu kapan dan bagaimana harus mengikuti rambu-rambu itu ke tempat aman. Seperti yang terjadi ketika gempa bermagnitudo 8,9 Skala Richter mengguncang Banda Aceh pada 11 April 2012. Warga langsung disergap rasa takut dan panik, berhamburan lari mencari tempat ketinggian. Saat itu rambu yang dipasang di jalan-jalan peruntukan evakuasi sudah tidak ada artinya lagi karena warga kota membanjir ke jalan besar (Jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda) dan menyebabkan kemacetan parah yang malah berÂ bahaya sekali seandainya tsunami benar-benar datang.

roads aimed the evacuation did not have the meaning anymore, as the townspeople overwhelmed a big road (Jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda) and it caused a sever congestion even endangering if tsunami really came. The existence of the escape building, floodway, wellorganized roads and evacuation lane that seems important. However, a more important thing is to encourage awareness of disaster survival. It is also important to development of shockproof and waveproof building. []

Kehadiran escape building, floodway, jalan-jalan yang rapi teratur serta jalur evakuasi memang penting. Namun tampaknya yang jauh lebih penting adalah penanaman kesadaran akan disaster survival. Sama pentingnya dengan pembangunan gedung yang tahan gempa dan gelombang. []

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BAB V / CHAPTER V

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PENUTUP (ACEH THANKS THE WORLD) CLOSING (ACEH THANKS THE WORLD) Telah lebih sedekade gelombang tsunami menghantam Aceh. Hari datangnya bencana alam paling mematikan sepanjang sejarah ini kemudian diperingati saban tahun. Tujuannya, sebagai momentum mengingatkan Aceh untuk terus bangkit. It is more than a decade when tsunami wave hit Aceh. The day when the natural disaster that was the deadliest in history came has been commemorated every year. The goal is as momentum of reminding Aceh to continue rising.

ADA Jumat, 26 Desember 2014, di Lapang足an Blang Padang, Banda Aceh, ribuan orang da足tang untuk memperingati 10 tahun tsunami Aceh. Di antara orang-orang itu, hadir Wakil Presiden Jusuf Kalla ber足sama beberapa men足teri Kabinet Kerja. Kalla datang didampingi istrinya, Mufidah Kalla.

N Friday, December 26, 2014 in Blang Padang Field, Banda Aceh, thousands of people came to commemorate the 10 year Aceh tsunami. Among those who were present, there was Vice President Jusuf Kalla along with several ministers of Kabinet Kerja. Kalla came with his wife Mufidah Kalla.

Jusuf Kalla menganggap tsunami sebagai bencana sekaligus hikmah bagi bangsa Indonesia. Bencana ini membangkitkan solidaritas dan empati kepada sesama anak negeri. Ia menilai Aceh banyak berubah setelah 10 tahun tsunami dan ada peningkatan pembangunan sehingga kehidupan sudah normal lagi.

Jusuf Kalla deemed tsunami is as disaster and also something to be wisdom for Indonesian people. This disaster caused solidarity and empaty to fellow people. He assessed that Aceh has been changed after the 10 year tsunami and there has been an progress of development so that the life has been normal again.

Rangkaian peringatan 10 tahun tsunami Aceh yang bertajuk "refleksi, apresiasi, dan bangkit" berlangsung sejak sehari sebelumnya. Di Masjid Raya Baiturrahman yang tak jauh dari Blang Padang, ada acara Aceh Berzikir yang dihadiri ribuan jamaah dari berbagai daerah.

A series of the 10 year Aceh tsunami commemoration titled "reflection, appreciation, and resuraction" were held on the previous day. In Masjid Raya Baiturrahman that is near Blang Padang, there was Aceh Berzikir program attended by thousands of pilgrims from various regions.

Ucapan belasungkawa juga terdengar dari luar Aceh. Perdana Menteri Jepang Shinzo Abe menyampaikan penghormatan kepada semua pihak yang selama 10 tahun sebelumnya telah berusaha bangkit dari

Expression of condolences was also audible from outside Aceh. Japan Prime Minister Shinzo Abe gave high respect to all parties who have tried to raise from sadness for 10 years and together redevelop Aceh.

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Wakil Presiden Jusuf Kalla memberikan sambutan pada peringatan 10 tahun tsunami Aceh di pusatkan di lapangan Blang Padang, Banda Aceh. Turut hadir duta negara internasional yang ikut membantu Aceh saat itu. Peringatan 10 tahun tsunami juga di laksanakan di Thailand, India, dan Sri Lanka. / Vice President Jusuf Kalla gives a speech in the 10 year Aceh tsunami commemoration concentrated in Blang Padang field, Banda Aceh. Those attending are the international state ambassadors assisting Aceh at that time. The 10 year tsunami commemoration was also held in Thailand, India and Sri Lanka. FOTO. IST

kesedihan dan bersama-sama membangun kembali Aceh. Abe mengaku senang jika berbagai bantuan dan kerjasama dari Jepang telah turut berperan dalam memulihkan kehidupan masyarakat Aceh. Sementara, Gubernur Aceh Zaini Abdullah mengatakan, 10 tahun tsunami Aceh momentum kebangkitan bagi masyarakat Aceh. Penduduk Aceh di mata Zaini adalah masyarakat yang kuat dan tegar dalam menghadapi setiap bencana. Masyarakat menerima musibah tersebut sesuai ajaran Islam. Zaini mengharapkan tsunami Aceh dapat dijadikan sebagai pembelajaran bagi masyarakat Aceh maupun masyarakat dunia. Ia mengucapkan terima kasih

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Abe admitted that he was happy if various aids and cooperations from Japan participated to recover Aceh peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life. Whilst Aceh Governor Zaini Abdullah said, the 10 year Aceh tsunami is momentum of resureaction for Aceh people. According Zaini, Aceh people is strong and rigid community to face any disaster. The community has received such disaster in accordance with Islamic teachings. Zaini hoped that Aceh tsunami could be a lesson to Aceh community and world society. He said thank you to the world that had assisted victim of Aceh tsunami .

(kiri) Menteri luar negeri Amerika Colin Powell didampingi Menko Kesra RI Alwi Shihab mengunjungi Aceh, (5/01/2014). (kanan) Sekjen PBB Kofi Annan saat mengunjungi Aceh Pasca Tsunami. / (left) The US Minister of Foreign Affairs Colin Powell accompanied by the Coordinating Minister for People Welfare of RI Alwi Shihab visits Aceh, (5/01/2014). (right) UN Secretary General Kofi Annan visits Aceh after tsunami. FOTO: USNAVY

(kiri) Mantan presiden Amerika George Bush dan Bill Clinton ketika mengunjungi camp pengungsi di Lampuuk, Aceh. (kanan) Aktor Hong Kong Jackie Chan dan Miss World 2004, Maria Julia Mantilla Garcia asal Peru, mengunjungi sebuah desa yang hancur di provinsi Aceh di Indonesia 18 April 2005. Mereka ini berada di Aceh untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pada rekonstruksi tsunami. / (left) Former US President George Bush and Bill Clinton visit the evacuee camp in Lampuuk, Aceh. (right) Hong Kong actor Jackie Chan and Miss World 2004 Maria Julia Mantilla Garcia from Peru, visit a destroyed village in Aceh Province, Indonesia on April 18, 2005. They are in Aceh for the purpose of improving the awareness of construction because of the tsunami. FOTO: USNAVY/ TARMIZY HARVA

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Perdana Menteri Singapura Lee Hsien Loong (baju pink) didampingi Menteri Pertahanan Teo Chee Hean (kiri) mengunjungi Meulaboh dan Banda Aceh pada tanggal 4 Januari 2004 untuk langsung melihat dampak Tsunami. / Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong (pink clothes) accompanied by the Minister of Defence Teo Chee Hean (left) visits Meulaboh and Banda Aceh on January 4, 2004 to see directly the impact of tsunami. FOTO. IST

kepada dunia yang telah membantu para korban tsunami Aceh. Lebih dari lima puluh Negara sahabat yang membantu proses pemulihan dan rekonstruksi Aceh pasca tsunami. Seperti bola batu-batu granit yang dirancang arsitek Ridwan Kamil untuk mewakili papan nama, di lantai bawah Museum Tsunami. Seperti sosok-sosok perahu di seputar Lapangan Blang Padang yang menjunjung papan kuningan berisi nama serta bendera negara-negara sahabat. Lembar-lembar terakhir ini akan mengabadikan solidaritas bangsa-bangsa dari semua penjuru dunia pada rakyat dan negeri Aceh, yang mengalami ujian dan musibah dahsyat pada pagi Minggu, 26 Desember 2004.

There are more than fifty friendly Countries assisting Aceh recovery and reconstruction process after tsunami. There is granite stone ball designed by arcithect Ridwan Kamil to represent name board, downstairs of Tsunami Museum. There are ship figures around Blang Padang Field carrying brass board contained names and flags of friendly countries. These last sheets will perpetuate solidarity of the nations from all over the world to the people and country of Aceh, having test and awful disaster on Sunday morning, December 26, 2004.

Kepala Unit Kerja Presiden Bidang Pengawasan dan Pengendalian Pembangunan (UKP4), Kuntoro Mangkusubroto (kanan) memberikan penjelasan kepada mantan Presiden Amerika Serikat, Bill Clinton didampiri Gubernur Aceh Zaini Abdullah dan Walie Nanggroe Tengku Malik Mahmud saat mengunjungi gedung penyelamatan di Banda Aceh, Sabtu (19/7/14). / Head of the President Working Unit of Supervision and Development Control (UKP4) Kuntoro Mangkusubroto (right) gives explanation to former US President Bill Clinton accompanied by Aceh Governor Zainin Abdullah and Walie Nanggroe Tengku Malik Mahmud when they visit the salvage building in Banda Aceh, Saturday (19/7/14). FOTO. IRWANSYAH/ANT

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Terima kasih dari Aceh dan rakyatnya, kiranya Rahmat Allah beserta kalian, rakyat dan pemimpin negeri: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

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Amerika Serikat Australia Austria Belgia Britania Raya Brasilia Bosnia Bulgaria Canada Cekoslowakia Chile Republik Rakyat China Denmark Finlandia Guyana Khatulistiwa Italia Iran India Kerajaan Jepang Republik Federasi Jerman Republik Kamboja Kroasia Kuwait

Thank you for Aceh and its people, may God bless you, people and state leader of: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

The United States of America Australia Austria Belgium Greata Britain Brasilia Bosnia Bulgaria Canada Czechoslovakia Chile Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Republic of China Denmark Finland Guyana Khatulistiwa Italy Iran India Japanese Empire German Federation Republic Republic of Cambodia Croatian Kuwait

24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.

Luxembourg Perancis Malaysia Mexico Norwegia Kerajaan Belanda Pakistan Kerajaan Saudi Arabia Singapura Siria Spanyol Swiss Tunisia Uni Emirat Arab Emirat Qatar Emirat Oman Polandia Portugal Turki

Persahabatan dan topangan kalian membantu Aceh bertahan, dan kemudian bangkit, menggapai yang lebih baik dari semula. Adalah solidaritas kalian yang membuktikan bahwa masih ada harapan bagi sebuah Dunia yang lebih baik, yang dapat umat manusia wariskan pada generasi berikutnya.

24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42.

Luxembourg France Malaysia Mexico Norway Dutch Royal Pakistan The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Singapore Siria Spanish Swiss Tunisian The United Arab Emirates Emirates Qatar Emirates Oman Poland Portugal Turkey

Friendship and your support have help Aceh to survive, and then rise, reach better than before. It is your solidarity proving that there is still hope for a better World which can be bequeathed by human to the next generations.

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KEPINGAN HIKMAH / WORDS OF WISDOM (CERITA-CERITA UNIK SEPUTAR TSUNAMI 26 DESEMBER 2004) / (UNIQUE STORIES ABOUT TSUNAMI ON DECEMBER 26, 2004)

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RONALDO DAN MARTUNIS RONALDO AND MARTUNIS RONALDO dan Martunis awalnya, keduanya ibarat dua kutub magnet. Satunya, megabintang sepakbola dunia asal Portugal. Satu lagi, bocah dekil berkulit hitam yang tinggal di Gampong Tibang, Kecamatan Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh. Tsunami pada Minggu pagi, 26 Desember 2004, menyatukan "dua kutub magnet" itu.

IN the beginning Ronaldo and Martunis, both are like two magnetic poles. One was a mega star of the world football coming from Portugal. The other, a black filthy boy living in Gampong Tibang, Syiah Kuala Sub-district, Banda Aceh. Tsunami on Sunday, December 26, 2004 united those "two magnetic poles ".

Hari itu, Martunis bersiap bermain sepak bola di tanah lapang belakang rumahnya. Bocah kelas tiga sekolah dasar ini mengenakan jersey bajakan tim nasional Portugal nomor punggung 10 milik Rui Costa.

On that day, Martunis was ready to play football in a field behind his house. This grade 3 of elementary school boy wore a pirated jersey of Portugal national team with Rui Costaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s back number 10.

Saat gelombang tsunami datang, Martunis bersama ibu dan dua saudaranya menyelamatkan diri. Mereka menumpang mobil bak terbuka tetangganya. Ayah Martunis kala itu sedang bekerja di tambak. Mobil yang mereka tumpangi digulung ombak. Martunis dan keluarganya ikut timbul tenggelam dibawa arus. Martunis sempat menarik lengan adiknya yang minta tolong, namun tangan mungilnya kalah oleh arus tsunami. Ibu, kakak dan adiknya pun hilang terseret arus, berpisah selamanya.

When tsunami wave came, Martunis along with his mother and two brothers saved themselves. They rode their neighborhoodâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pickup. Martunisâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; father was working in a fishpond at that time. Pickup they rode was swept by wave. Martunis and his family were up and down in the current. Martunis was still able to draw arm of his younger brother asking for help, but his small hand was lost in the current of tsunami. Mother, elder and younger brothers were lost in the current, separated forever.

Martunis ketika pertama kali di serahkan kepada wartawan Sky News dan kisahnya muncul di televisi Eropa. / Martinis is at the first time handed over to the Sky News reporters and his story was emerged in a European television. FOTO: IST

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(kiri) Martunis diwawancarai berbagai media. (kanan) Bersama penyanyi Celine Dion di Kanada. / (left) Martunis is interviewed by various media. (right) with singer Celine Dion in Canada. FOTO: IST

Martunis selamat setelah meraih sepotong kayu, lalu terapung-apung. Kemudian dia berpindah ke kasur yang melintas di dekatnya, tapi naas, kasur itupun tenggelam. Lalu dia memanjat sebatang pohon. Apa daya, ketika arus tsunami berbalik kembali ke laut, Martunis ikut terseret. Setelah terombang-ambing, ia tersangkut di pohon bakau yang masih tersisa di pinggir pantai dekat makam Syiah Kuala. Selama 21 hari, bocah delapan tahun ini bertahan hidup di sana.

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Martunis was safe after taking a wood, he floated. He then moved to a mattress passing near him, but it was unlucky, that mattress was down. Further, he climbed a tree. What could he do? When the current of tsunami backed to the sea, Martunis was dragged as well. After he tossed about, he was stuck in mangroves that was still available in the seashore near Syiah Kuala cemetery. During 21 days, this eight-year boy survived there.

Namun, bocah delapan tahun ini selamat setelah terseret arus tsunami yang kembali lagi ke laut. Ia terdampar di kawasan rawa-rawa dekat makam Teungku Syiah Kuala. Martunis tersangkut di pohon bakau.

However, this eight-year boy was safe after being dragged in the current of tsunami going back to the sea. He was stranded in the area of swamp near Teungku Syiah Kuala cemetery. Martunis was stuck in mangroves.

Selama 21 hari ia bertahan sendiri di sana. Warga me nemukan Martunis pada 15 Januari 2005 lalu menyerah kannya kepada kru televisi Inggris yang meliput di kawasan itu. Ia kemudian ditampung sementara oleh lembaga kemanusian anak, Save the Children.

After 21 days he survived there, residents found Martunis on January 15, 2005 and give him to an English television crew covering in that area. He was then temporarily accommodated by a children humanitarian institution of Save the Children.

Dalam sekejap gambar Martunis yang masih mengena kan kostum Rui Costa, beredar di stasiun televisi Eropa. Perjuangan Martunis menyelamatkan diri dari tsunami menyebar ke seantero jagad. Kisahnya menarik simpati

Right away, Martunis’ picture still wearing Rui Costa costume was broadcasted in European television stations. Martunis’ struggle to save himself from tsunami has spread out around the world. His story

(kiri) Martunis menerima jersey Portugal dari Cristiano Ronaldo bertanda tangan seluruh pemain. (kanan atas) Martunis bersama kesebelasan Portugal saat memenuhi undangan federasi sepakbola Portugal.(kiri bawah) Cristiano Ronaldo dan Martunis kembali bertemu dalam acara penanaman mangrove di Bali. / (left) Martunis receives a Jersey Portugal from Cristiano Ronaldo signed by all players. (top right) Martunis along with Portugal eleven team when he accepts an invitation from Portugal football federation. (bottom left) Cristiano Ronaldo and Martunis meet again in mangrove planting event in Bali. FOTO: IST

bintang top sepak bola Portugal seperti Luis Figo, Nuno Gomes, Cristiano Ronaldo, pelatih Luiz Felipe Scolari, serta Gilberto Madail, ketua Federasi Sepak Bola Portugal. Akhirnya Federasi Sepak Bola Portugal mengundang secara resmi Martunis ke negaranya. Pada Juni 2005, didampingi ayahnya, Sarbini, dan Teuku Taharuddin, dokter yang mendampingi, Martunis berkunjung ke Portugal dan mendapatkan hibah uang 40 ribu Euro atau lebih dari Rp500 juta. Martunis kemudian bertemu Ronaldo yang akhirnya mengangkat ia sebagai anaknya. Martunis juga diundang khusus oleh penyanyi Celine Dion ke Kanada kala itu. Lalu pada 2006, penyanyi Madonna juga

attracted sympathy the top star of Portugal football such as Luis Figo, Nuno Gomes, Cristiano Ronaldo, Coach Luiz Felipe Scolari, and Gilberto Madail, head of the Portugal Football Federation. Finally, the Portugal Football Federation officially invited Martunis to its country. In June 2005, he was accompanied by his father Sarbini, and Teuku Taharuddin, a doctor along with Martunis to visit Portugal and received 40 thousand Euro or more than Rp 500 million in donations. Martunis then met with Ronaldo who finally adopts Martunis as his child. Martunis was also invited by singer Celine Dion to Canada at that time. In 2006,

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foto martunis yang diposting oleh Ronaldo di twitternya. / Martunis’ photo posted by Ronaldo in his twitter. FOTO: IST

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mengundang Martunis dan Sarbini ke London, tempat tinggal Madonna bersama keluarganya. Mereka berdua diajak berkeliling tempat rekreasi terkenal serta kotakota di Inggris.

singer Madonna also invited Martunis and Sarbini to London, Madonna and his family’s residence. Both of them were taken around to famous recreation places and cities in England.

Ronaldo dan Martunis terakhir bertemu pada 2013, ketika menyambangi Indonesia dalam proyek hutan bakau di Bali. Adapun Martunis kini mencoba mengikuti keberhasilan Ronaldo, dengan menekuni sepakbola, sebagai pemain junior PSAP Sigli.

Ronaldo and Martunis last met in 2013, when he came to Indonesia in a mangroves forest project in Bali. Whilst Martunis now tries to follow Ronaldo’s success by seriously practicing football, as junior player of PSAP Sigli.

Mengenang satu dasawarsa tsunami Aceh, Ronaldo memposting foto Martunis di akun Twitter pribadinya, @Cristiano. Dalam foto itu, Martunis yang mengenakan kaos kuning tersenyum sembari memegang jersey nomor punggung tujuh atas nama Ronaldo. Jersey putih itu disertai tanda tangan bintang Real Madrid tersebut. "Saya bertemu Martunis sang pemberani yang bertahan hidup dari #tsunami di Asia bagian selatan 10 tahun lalu. Saya berterima kasih kepada mereka yang membantu." cuit Ronaldo.

Remembering a decade of Aceh tsunami, Ronaldo posted Martunis’s picture in his Twitter personal account, @Cristiano. In that photo, Martunis wearing yellow T-shirt smiles while carrying jersey with back number seven in the name of Ronaldo. That white Jersey is appended the signature of such Real Madrid star. "I have met Martunis the brave surviving in #tsunami in southern Asia 10 years ago. I give thank to those helping him." Ronaldo tweeted.

TSUNAMI BABY BOOM TSUNAMI BABY BOOM MENYUSUL kepiluan syahidnya ribuan bayi, balita dan kanak-kanak pada Minggu pagi 26 Desember 2004, ternyata tersimpan cerita lain. Satu tahun setelah peristiwa mengenaskan itu, saling susul terdengar kabar bahwa para perempuan pengungsi yang ditampung di barak-barak ternyata banyak yang berbadan dua. Saat ditanya wartawan, Dr. Brian Sriprahastuti dari UNICEF Indonesia membenarkan apa yang nampaknya akan terjadi bila kaum perempuan penyintas tsunami ini banyak yang mengandung. “Sudah jelas, akan ada baby boom,” kata Dr. Sri, “Ini sesuatu yang harus terjadi. Sebab, bila tidak demikian maka akan ada satu generasi yang hilang di Aceh.” Dr. Sri sudah menengarai naiknya angka perempuan hamil di antara para penyintas tsunami. Apalagi

FOLLOWING the heartache of thousands of babies, toddlers and kids martyr on Sunday, December 26, 2004, it turned out that there is still another story. One year after that pathetic event, there was news that there were many pregnant women evacuated in barracks. When reporters asked Dr. Brian Sriprahastuti from UNICEF Indonesia, she confirmed what would happen if many female survivors of tsunami were pregnant. “It is clear. There will be a baby boom,” Dr. Sri said, “This is something that must happen. If no, one generation will be lost in Aceh.” Dr. Sri had estimated the increase in pregnant women among survivors of the tsunami. Moreover, there were several mass wedding participated by hundreds of couples in refuge barracks. “This is just the beginning,”

Pasukan Australia nampak bahagia setelah berhasil membantu persalinan seorang pengungsi di dalam tenda darurat. / An Australian soldier seems to be happy after helping a evacuee’s childbirth in an emergency tent.

FOTO: LIEUTENANT COLONEL BERN

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Bidan Sisnarti menggendong bayi yang baru lahir setelah tsunami di Banda Aceh. / Midwife Sisnarti holds a newborn baby following tsunami in Banda Aceh. FOTO: ALEX COPPEL

dengan adanya beberapa kali nikah massal yang diikuti ratusan pasangan di barak-barak pengungsian. “Ini baru permulaan,” Dr. Sri tersenyum. “Tahun depan pasti akan merupakan tahun yang sibuk bagi kami.” “Ramalan” Dokter Sri dibenarkan oleh buku daftar pasien di barak pengungsi. Di satu barak di Jantho, Aceh Besar, saja, bulan itu (Desember 2005) tercatat ada 40 pasien hamil. Para perempuan yang kebanyakan mengalami trauma itu merasa bahwa hamil dan melahirkan memberi mereka harapan baru. Hamil bagi kebanyakan dari perempuan penyintas itu juga bukan pengalaman baru. Banyak dari mereka yang hamil karena ingin “memulai dari awal,” karena tsunami telah mengambil anak-anak yang mereka lahirkan sebelumnya. Jumlah perempuan hamil di barak-barak pengungsian Aceh mencapai 25.000 orang atau 6 persen dari angka keseluruhan, 400.000 orang, demikian menurut PBB. Setiap bulan sekitar 800 manusia baru lahir di Aceh, lepas dari kenyataan bahwa sarana kesehatan selepas bencana tsunami sebenarnya tidak memungkinkan suatu proses persalinan yang sehat menurut standar medis. Betapa pun, para perempuan itu kebanyakan sangat bahagia dengan kehamilannya. “Saya satu-satunya di keluarga yang selamat. Saya sebatang kara,” ujar seorang perempuan pengungsi yang tengah hamil, Cut Asmika. “Kalau saya punya bayi, saya akan punya teman.”

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Dr. Sri smiled. “Next year must be a busy year for us.” “Forecast” of Doctor Sri was confirmed by a patient registry book in the refuge barrack. At a barrack in Jantho, Aceh Besar, that month (December 2005) it was registered that there were 40 pregnant patients. Most of those women suffering trauma felt that pregnancy and giving birth had given them a new hope. Pregnancy for most of female survivors was not a new experience. Most of them having pregnancy wanted “to start from the beginning,” because the tsunami had taken their children previously born. Total pregnant women in barracks of Aceh refuge reached 25,000 persons or 6 percent of 400,000 persons, this is according to the United Nations. Every month about 800 new humans have been born in Aceh, apart from the fact that health facilities after the tsunami did not enable a healthy childbirth process according medical standard. However, most of those women were happy throughout their pregnancy. “I am the only one who is safe in family. I am all alone in the world,” a pregnant female refugee Cut Asmika said. “If I have a baby, I will have a friend.”

JK DAN GEMBOK GUDANG JK AND WAREHOUSE PADLOCK INI kisah Wapres Jusuf Kalla saat datang ke Banda Aceh. Sehari setelah tsunami, usai salat Subuh, Wakil Presiden Jusuf Kalla terbang ke Aceh membawa obat-obatan dan uang tunai Rp 6miliar dalam peti untuk para korban. JK datang bersama Menteri PPN/Kepala Bappenas saat itu, Sri Mulyani, Menteri Tenaga Kerja, Fahmi Idris dan dua menteri yang dijemput di Palembang yakni Menteri Dalam Negeri Mohammad Ma'ruf dan Menteri Kesehatan Siti Fadilah Supari. Sejumlah duta besar juga bergabung dalam rombongan. Setelah mendarat di Bandara, rombongan langsung berangkat menuju Ground Zero. Menjelang pusat kota, tepatnya di Lambaro, iring-iringan rombongan Wapres berhenti. JK menyaksikan ribuan mayat bergelimpangan. JK meminta stafnya untuk segera memborong beras, mi instan dan aneka makanan dari tempat terdekat. Saat mendapati persediaan beras hanya sedikit, lantaran gudang Dolog digembok, JK kembali memerintahkan gembok gudang ditembak.

THIS is a story about Vice President Jusuf Kalla when he came to Banda Aceh. One day after the tsunami, after morning prayer, Vice President Jusuf Kalla flew to Aceh and carried drugs and Rp 6 billion in cash in a case for victims. JK came with the then State Minister of PPN (National Development Planning)/Head of Bappenas (National Development Planning Agency) Sri Mulyani, the Minister of Manpower Fahmi Idris and two Ministers picked up in Palembang namely the Minister of Internal Affairs Mohammad Maâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ruf and the Minister of Health Siti Fadilah Supari. A number of ambassadors also joined in the group. After landing in the airport, the group immediately went to Ground Zero. Approaching the center of city, precisely in Lambaro, group convoy of the Vice President stopped. JK watched thousands of corpses lying. JK asked his staff to immediately buy rice, instant me and various food from the closest place. When knowing that the supply of rice was limited, because Dolog warehose was padlocked, JK instructed to shoot that padlock.

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"Buka! Kalau tak bisa, tembak gerendelnya. Apa perlu tanda tangan Wapres untuk buka gudang?" tegas JK. Kapolda Aceh (NAD) kala itu, Inspektur Jenderal (Irjen) Pol Bahrumsyah mengingatkan JK bahwa kebijakannya tersebut perlu legalitas tertulis, saat Wapres kembali meminta agar beras segera dibagikan, untuk meringankan kehidupan para korban yang selamat. JK menuruti saran tersebut dengan meminta secarik kertas dan menulis perintah “Buka semua gudang, ambil semua beras, dan bagikan gratis.” Tak lupa, JK membubuhkan tanda tangannya di atas secarik kertas berisi perintahnya tersebut. JK kembali melakukan hal tersebut saat mengeluarkan perintah pemakaman mayat para korban bencana Tsunami Aceh. Seorang ustadz diminta mendoakan tumpukan jenazah tersebut yang jumlahnya ribuan. Begitulah gaya Mohammad Jusuf Kalla, yang pada saat tsunami aktif dan bergerak cepat untuk mengatasi keadaan. Beliaulah yang dikenang pejabat PBB, duta besar dan diplomat asing serta kalangan pers sebagai orang yang mengatakan, “Just get them in!” (maksudnya, bantuan Negara-negara asing) sesaat setelah melihat sendiri Ground Zero tsunami di Banda Aceh.

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“Open! If you can not, shoot the padlock. Should you need signature of the Vice President to open the warehouse?” JK confirmed. The then Head of Aceh (NAD) Regional Police Inspector General (Irjen) Pol Bahrumsyah reminded JK that his policy needed a written legality, when the Vice President asked again that the rice was immediately distributed in order to relieve the life of survivor. JK accepted such suggestion by asking a piece of paper and wrote an instruction “Open all warehouses, take all of the rice, and distribute freely.” JK did not forget to append his signature on the piece of paper containing his instruction. JK did such thing again when giving instruction of corpses funeral of Aceh Tsunami disaster. An an ustadz was asked to pray for such pile of thousands of corpses. That is the style of Mohammad Jusuf Kalla, when after the tsunami he was active and quickly moved to overcome the situation. He is one who is remembered by officials of the United Nations, ambassadors and foreign diplomat as well as the press as one who said, “Just get them in!” (the meaning is aids of foreign countries) after he immediately saw by himself the Ground Zero tsunami in Banda Aceh.

CESSNA JURAGAN SUSI CESSNA OF SKIPPER SUSI KALAU sekarang (2015) kita menyebut nama Susi Pujiastuti, tentu banyak orang tahu, siapa dia. Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan dalam Kabinet Kerja Joko WIdodo. Namun pada tahun 2004 hanya segelintir orang tahu bahwa juragan ikan dan lobster kelahiran Pangandaran, Jawa Barat, itu, adalah orang pertama yang berhasil mendaratkan pesawat di Meulaboh, pascatsunami 2004. Satu hari setelah tsunami, Susi Pujiastuti dan suaminya Christian, warga Swiss, menerbangkan bantuan berupa seratusan tenda, makanan dan obatobatan ke Aceh. Tujuannya adalah Simeulue. Karena Simeulue masih dinyatakan tertutup, baru keesokan harinya Cessna Caravan Susi bisa mendarat di sana, dan lanjut ke Meulaboh. Bandara di Meulaboh retak dan di beberapa tempat bocel-bocel, namun masih bisa didarati. Kalau Susi tidak berani mendarat di sana, dunia tentu tidak akan tahu bahwa Meulaboh masih bisa diakses melalui udara. Keberhasilan Susi mendaratkan pesawatnya di Meulaboh menjadi angin segar bagi para pekerja kemanusiaan. Karena saat itu bala bantuan dan logistik dari dalam maupun luar negeri telah mengalir deras. Namun karena terputusnya akses ke daerah bencana maka bantuan tersebut hanya bisa ditumpuk di Bandara Sultan Iskandar Muda. Saat tengah rehat di Bandara seraya menunggu pesawat nya kembali dari Meulaboh, Susi mendengar seseorang memanggil-manggil: “Susi! Susi! Where are you?” Merasa dipanggil, Susi menyahut. Tapi ternyata pria Eropa relawan kemanusiaan yang memanggil “susi” tadi bukan mencari dirinya, melainkan mencari per wakilan Susi Air, yang konon sanggup menembus Ground Zero Meulaboh.

IF now (2015) we call the name of Susi Pujiastuti; of course, many people know, who she is. The Minister of Maritime and Fishery is in Kabinet Kerja of Joko WIdodo. However, 2004 only few people knew that such skipper of fish and lobster born in Pangandaran, West Java, is the firs person who succeeded to land a plan in Meulaboh, after the 2004 tsunami. One day after the tsunami, Susi Pujiastuti and her husband Christian, Sweden resident, flew aids in the form of hundreds of tents, food, and drugs to Aceh. The destination is Simeulue. Because Simeulue was still closed, tomorrow Cessna Caravan Susi could land there, and continued to Meulaboh. Airport in Meulaboh was cracked and in several places there were chipped, but it could be still landed. If Susi was not brave to land there, the world, of course, would not know that Meulaboh was still accessible by air. Susi’s success to land her plan in Meulaboh became an opportunity for humanitarian workers. Because at that time the reinforcements and logistics from in the country and abroad had come insistently. However, as the access to the disaster are was disconnected, such aids were only stacked in Sultan Iskandar Muda Airport. In the middle of break in the Airport while waiting her plane backed from Meulaboh, Susi heard someone called her: “Susi! Susi! Where are you?” As she felt herself called, Susi answered. However, it was an Erupean man of humanitarian volunteer calling “susi” that is not her, but actually he found representative of Susi Air, possibly being able to go through Ground Zero Meulaboh. Since that time Cessna Susi was busy to back and forth while carrying aids and volunteers, to Meulaboh

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Sejak saat itu Cessna Susi sibuk mondar mandir membawa bantuan dan para relawan, baik ke Meulaboh mau pun ke tempat-tempat lainnya. Itulah cikal bakal “Susi Air” yang pasca rekonstruksi dan rehabilitasi Aceh-Nias mulai melayani penerbangan perintis ke bandara kota-kota di Aceh Barat, Simeulu, Aceh Barat Daya dan sebagainya. “…melalui tsunami, saya mendapat banyak relasi dan cinta, untuk memberi dan berbagi," kata Susi.

and other places. That is a pioneer of “Susi Air” that began to serve a pioneer flight to airports of West Aceh, Simeulu, Southwest Aceh, etc dan sebagainya after Aceh-Nias reconstruction and rehabilitation. “…through tsunami, I want to have many relations and loves, to give and share,” Susi said.

Pesawat Susi Air mampu mendarat di landasan yang telah di terjang tsunami untuk menyalurkan bantuan. / Susi Air plane is able to be landed on the runway destroyed by tsunami for the purpose of distributing aids. FOTO: IST

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PEMICU JURNALISME WARGA TRIGGER OF CITIZEN JOURNALISM NAMA Cut Putri, mahasiswi Kedokteran UNPAD asal Aceh, sempat menjadi hits di media massa. Dialah yang pertama kali menyadarkan jagat Indonesia tentang kedahsyatan tsunami di Aceh melalui video amatir yang dibuatnya pada pagi hari 26 Desember 2004.

THE name of Cut Putri, a medical student of UNPAD coming from Aceh, had an opportunity to become hits in mass media. She is who realized Indonesia about the Aceh tsunami severity through amateur video made in the morning on December 26, 2004 for the first time.

Cut Putri sedang liburan di tempat asalnya, Banda Aceh. Dia juga hendak menghadiri acara tueng dara baro (ngunduh mantu) saudara sepupunya, ketika pagi itu, gempa mengguncang rumah pamannya di Lamjamee. Kekuatan lindu yang dahsyat membuat seisi rumah berlarian keluar. Cut Putri berdiri di dekat ayahnya, yang setelah merasakan kekuatan gempa diam-diam berbisik pada putrinya, “Ini bisa diikuti tsunami.”

Cut Putri was in holiday in her place of origin, Banda Aceh. She also wanted to attend in the event of tueng dara baro (acquire a son/daughter-in-law) of her first cousin, when in that morning earthquake shook her uncle’s house in Lamjamee. The strength of terrifying earthquake made the entire family to run out. Cut Putri stood beside her father whispering to his daughter ,”This will be followed by tsunami” after feeling the strength of earthquake.

Keluarga Cut Putri lama tinggal di Papua mengikuti dinas sang ayah yang perwira polisi, dan sudah biasa mengalami gempa serta tsunami. Dua puluh menit kemudian perkataan sang ayah terbukti.

Cut Putri’s family ever lived in Papua in a long time to follow father who was a police officer to be on duty, and they often felth earthquake and tsunami. Twenty

(kiri) sosok Cut Putri. (kanan) Rekaman Cut Putri yang menunjukan kedasyatan gelombang tsunami di Aceh. / (left) a figure of Cut Putri. (right) Cut Putri’s recording showing the awesomeness of Aceh tsunami wave. FOTO: IST

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Gulungan tsunami yang menerjang rumah kecepatan nya sekitar 75 km/jam. Cut Putri sempat berlari ke lantai dua, mengambil kamera genggam. Lalu, dia lari lagi ke lantai satu. Namun jeritan ibundanya membuat Cut Putri tertegun, tak jadi keluar ke jalanan guna melihat apa yang sebenarnya terjadi. Tak urung, ia sempat menyambar dan menggendong tiga bocah yang berdiri terpana di depan rumahnya, bingung hendak berbuat apa: mereka disuruh orang naik ke lantai dua rumah, tapi orangtuanya tak ada mendampingi. Dalam waktu singkat air hitam tsunami sudah menggu lung rumah paman Cut Putri dan sekitarnya. Cut Putri bertahan mengabadikan serbuan tsunami menggunakan kamera genggam, meski pun tak bisa menahan tangis, dan mulutnya tidak berhenti menyeru nama Tuhan. Cut Putri selamat dari seretan tsunami, dan setelah sempat bertahan di hutan daerah Aceh Besar selama dua hari, akhirnya ia dan keluarganya bisa mencapai Bandara Sultan Iskandar Muda, berjalan kaki melalui ribuan jenazah, masih mengenakan pakaian belepotan lumpur hitam tsunami. Oleh karena semacam keajaiban, Cut Putri sekeluarga bisa mendapat tempat di dalam pesawat berikutnya ke Jakarta, walau pun tiket yang mereka bawa tanggalnya sudah berlalu.

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minutes later father’s words was proven. The tsunami scroll hoofed the house about 75 km/hour in speed. Cut Putri was still able to run to the second floor, took her hand-held camera. She then run to the first floor again. However, her mother’s scream made Cut Putri to stop suddenly; she canceled to go out to the street in order to see what had happened. She snatched and carried away three children standing and being stupefied in front of their house, was confused what had to do: someone had them to go up to the second floor of the house, but no one accompanied her parents. Briefly black water of the tsunami hoofed the house of Cut Putri’s uncle and surrounding. Cut Putri held out to take a picture of tsunami scroll by means of hand-held camera, although she could not hold back feelings of cry, and her mouth did not stop calling God’s name. Cut Putri has been safe from the tsunami scroll, and after survived in the forest of Aceh Besar for two days, finally she and her family could reach Sultan Iskandar Muda Airport, by walking through thousands of cropses, still wearing clothes smeared with black mud tsunami. Because of a miracle, Cut Putri and her family could have seat in the next plane to Jakarta, although date of the ticket they brought had expired.

Sesampainya di Jakarta Cut Putri langsung membawa kamera genggamnya ke Stasiun TV Berita terdekat. Begitulah kisahnya bagaimana akhirnya seluruh Indonesia, bahkan dunia, dapat menyaksikan dokumentasi tangan pertama tentang kedahsyatan tsunami yang meluluh lantakkan Aceh. Upaya yang dilakukan Cut Putri juga diyakini sebagai pemicu adanya jurnalisme warga di negeri ini. Sekali lagi perempuan Aceh terbukti sebagai sosok dinamis yang sanggup mempengaruhi jalannya sejarah.

After arrived in Jakarta Cut Putri directly brought her hand-hel camera to the nearest news TV station. That is her story that finally could be watched throughout Indonesia, even the world, for the first documentation about the severity of tsunami destroying Aceh. The effort made by Cut Putri was also believed as trigger of citizen journalism in this country. Once again, Aceh Woman has been proven as dynamic person who is able to influence the course of history.

Ketajaman pengamatan Cut Putri akan arti penting dokumentasi kini telah diakui dan diabadikan secara nasional. Video amatir yang dibuatnya, sekarang dapat dilihat di Ruang Pemutaran Video di Museum Tsunami Banda Aceh.[]

The sharped watching of Cut Putri to the important meaning of documentation has been acknowledged and taken on a picture nationally. The amateur video made can now be seen in the Video Showing Room of Banda Aceh Tsunami Museum.[]

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Buku, jurnal ilmiah dan terbitan lain: 1. Analisis Dinamika Kolaborasi antara Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Aceh dan Nias (BRR) dengan Lembaga Donor Pasca Tsunami 2004 menggunakan Drama Theory; Kuntoro Mangkusubroto;Sekolah Bisnis dan Manajemen Institut Teknologi Bandung. 2. Jayasuriya, Sisira and Peter McCawley. 2011. Tsunami di Asia; Bantuan dan Pembangunan Kembali Setelah Bencana. Japan: Asian Development Bank Institute 3. Ringkasan Eksekutif; Perbaikan dan Rekonstruksi Jalan dari Banda Aceh Sampai Meulaboh; USAID, Departemen Pekerjaan Umum, November 2005. 4. The Aceh Institute: Aceh Paska UU-PA, Jurnal Kajian Aceh, Seumike, Vol 3 No 1, November 2007 5. Nurhasim dan Pamungkas, Sigit. 2010. Partai Politik: Teori dan Praktik di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Institute for Democracy and Welfarism. 6. Pilkada Damai, Demokrasi yang Rapuh: Pilkada Pasca Konflik di Aceh dan Implikasinya; Samuel Clark & Blair Palmer, November 2008, Indonesian Social Development Paper No. 11, diterbitkan oleh World Bank. 7. Rangkaian Makalah Kerja MDF-JRF: Hasil Pembelajaran dari Rekonstruksi Pascabencana di Indonesia; Rekonstruksi Infrastruktur Pascabencana secara Tepat Guna: Pengalaman dari Aceh dan Nias, MDF-JRF. 8. Marzuki, Nashrun, et.al. 2008. BRR NAD-Nias, Bangkit dan Berdaya; Suara-Suara untuk Pembelajaran Bidang Ekonomi dan Usaha Tahun 2005-2008 9. Mujiyanto dan Mukri, Rusdiono. 2009. Berani Tidak Populer; Mustafa Abubakar Memimpin Aceh Masa Transisi: Sinar Harapan Persada 10. Tabloid Sigupai 11. Majalah TEMPO Edisi Khusus 10 Tahun Tsunami, 22-28 Desember 2014. Media online: 1. http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badan_Rehabilitasi_dan_Rekonstruksi 2. http://www.tempo.co/read/news/2014/12/22/173630103/10-Tahun-Tsunami-Duit-120-Triliun-Masuk-ke-Aceh 3. http://www.mongabay.co.id/2014/12/28/melihat-pembangunan-aceh-pasca-tsunami/ 4. http://nasional.news.viva.co.id/news/read/50265-yudhoyono_resmi_bubarkan_brr_nad 5. http://www.tempo.co/read/news/2008/11/18/056146649/BRR-Serahkan-Aset-Senilai-Rp-292-Miliar 6. http://nasional.news.viva.co.id/news/read/38659-10_proyek_perpisahan_brr_diresmikan_kalla 7. http://bisnis.news.viva.co.id/news/read/50680-hari_ini__badan_reskonstruksi_aceh_berakhir 8. http://news.detik.com/read/2005/04/30/172932/352861/10/kuntoro-mangkusubroto-pimpin-badanrekonstruksi-aceh

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69. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami_warning_system 70. http://blogs.unicef.org/2014/12/24/ten-years-after-the-tsunami-the-benefits-of-building-back-better/ 71. http://unicefindonesia.blogspot.com/2014/12/the-long-term-benefits-of-building-back.html 72. http://www.dw.de/banda-aceh-lakukan-latihan-menghadapi-tsunami/a-4789455 73. http://aceh.tribunnews.com/2014/05/01/jepang-sarankan-aceh-sering-lakukan-simulasi-tsunami 74. http://www.id.emb-japan.go.jp/nwltE_1.pdf 75. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/10371953/ns/world_news-americas/t/post-tsunami-baby-boom-horizon/#. VOFmyC6K7IU 76. http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/health/2005-02-06-tsunami-maternal_x.htm 77. http://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/kisah-jk-di-aceh-usai-tsunami-rombongan-tertahan-tumpukan-mayat. html 78. http://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/menteri-susi-pernah-pontang-panting-bantu-korban-tsunami-aceh.html 79. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-12883815 80. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami 81. http://www.nuga.co/nugatama/smong-warisan-kearifan-anak-pulau.html#.VOMF5S6K7IU 82. http://mnj.gov-online.go.jp/kamaishi.html 83. http://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/menteri-susi-pernah-pontang-panting-bantu-korban-tsunami-aceh.html 84. http://blog.usaid.gov/2014/12/lessons-learned-a-decade-after-the-indian-ocean-tsunami/ 85. http://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8693.pdf 86. http://www.mercycorps.org/files/file1134672803.pdf 87. http://bola.okezone.com/read/2014/12/27/51/1084450/10-tahun-tsunami-ronaldo-posting-foto-martunis 88. http://bola.viva.co.id/news/read/572238-ronaldo-kenang-pertemuan-menyentuh-dengan-martunis 89. http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martunis

Wawancara: 1. Wawancara Dian Guci dengan Sugeng, penyintas the Boxing Day Tsunami, di Gampong Blang Oi, Kecamatan Meuraxa, Banda Aceh. April 2012.

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THANKS TO THE WORLD. Satu dekade berlalu, wajah Serambi Makkah menunjukkan kemajuan pesat di segala lini. Kemajuannya melampaui yang terlihat sebelum tsunami. Jauh dari perkiraan banyak pihak. Ini tak lepas dari semangat pantang menyerah yang mendarah daging pada diri rakyat Aceh ditambah solidaritas tanpa batasan suku, dan agama yang ditunjukkan bangsa-bangsa dunia. Tsunami Aceh telah ikut menyatukan dunia saat itu.

REFLEKSI 10 TAHUN TSUNAMI ACEH 10 YEARS OF REFLECTIONS ON ACEH TSUNAMI

10 tahun yang lalu tepatnya Minggu 26 Desember 2004, pukul 07.58 WIB, Gempa berkekuatan lebih 9,2 Skala Richter mengguncang Aceh. Tiba-tiba ombak besar hitam pekat menuju daratan. Bumi Aceh luluh lantak. Tsunami bukan hanya menyapu Aceh, tapi juga berdampak ke pesisir 14 negara sepanjang Samudera Hindia. Denyut perekonomian dan aktivitas pemerintahan lumpuh total. Jerit tangis korban luka, kehilangan orangtua, keluarga, dan sanak saudara menggema di antara lantunan-lantunan takbir memuji Yang Maha Kuasa. Tsunami menghancurkan pesisir Aceh sepanjang 800 kilometer, setara panjangnya Kota Jakarta hingga Surabaya. Dalam kondisi warga Aceh kebingungan dan terguncang, ribuan anggota TNI, Polri, dan relawan dari berbagai daerah bekerja keras menembus isolasi, membersihkan kota, mengevakuasi mayat, serta memberikan bantuan kepada pengungsi serta menyediakan infrastruktur dasar seperti air bersih dan listrik. Beberapa hari kemudian 40 negara mengirim tentara ke Aceh memberikan bantuan kemanusiaan. Inilah operasi militer tanpa perang terbesar di dunia setelah Perang Dunia II.

Di balik kesulitan ada kemudahan, musibah tersebut mempercepat proses perdamaian di Aceh antara Pemerintah Indonesia dengan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka di Helsinki, Finlandia 15 Agustus 2005. Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi (BRR) Aceh-Nias mencatat telah membangun 140.304 unit rumah, 1.115 fasilitas kesehatan, 1.759 gedung sekolah, 13 unit bandara, 23 pelabuhan laut, 3.996 kilometer jalan, 363 jembatan, 3.781 rumah ibadah, dan 996 gedung pemerintah. Mari luangkan sedikit waktu untuk mendoakan mereka yang telah pergi bersama tsunami. Tanpa pengorbanan mereka, mungkin kita tak akan pernah tahu betapa pentingnya mitigasi dan hebatnya kesetiakawanan nasional, solidaritas internasional yang bersatu dalam satu misi kemanusiaan. Bangkitlah Aceh, Bangkit Indonesia. Terima kasih dunia.

THANKS TO THE WORLD. A decade passed, face Mecca foyer showed rapid progress in all lines. Progress beyond those seen before the tsunami. Far from estimates of many parties. It could not be separated from the unyielding spirit ingrained in the people of Aceh themselves plus solidarity without limits of race, religion and demonstrated nations of the world. Tsunami has come to unite the world at that time. Exactly 10 years ago Sunday, December 26, 2004, at 7:58 pm, more earthquake measuring 9.2 on the Richter Scale rocked Aceh. Suddenly a big wave towards the mainland jet black. Earth Aceh devastated. Aceh tsunami not only swept, but also affects 14 countries along the coast to the Indian Ocean. Rate the economy and paralyzed government activity. Cries injuries, loss of parents, family, and relatives echoing among the chant-chanting Takbir praise the Almighty. Tsunami devastated Aceh coastline 800 kilometers, equal in length Kota Jakarta to Surabaya. Under conditions of Acehnese confusion and shaken, thousands of members of the military, police, and volunteers from various regions to work hard to penetrate the insulation, cleaning the city, to evacuate the bodies, as well as providing assistance to refugees and providing basic infrastructure such as clean water and electricity. Several days later, 40 countries sent troops to Aceh to provide humanitarian aid. This is a military operation without a world war after World War II. Behind the difficulty there is relief, the disaster accelerate the peace process between the Government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement in Helsinki, Finland August 15, 2005. Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency (BRR) Aceh-Nias record has build 140 304 housing units, 1,115 health facilities, 1,759 school buildings, 13 units airports, 23 seaports, 3,996 kilometers of roads, 363 bridges, 3,781 houses of worship, and 996 government buildings.

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Let's take a little time to pray for those who had gone with the tsunami. Without their sacrifice, maybe we'll never know how important mitigation and great national solidarity, international solidarity that united in a humanitarian mission. Arise Aceh, Indonesia Risen. Thank you for the world.