neighbourhood centre
2.3 Density • Minimum 35 • Minimum 30 dwellings per dwellings per hectare. hectare • High density • High density around around neighbourhood neighbourhood centre centre
• High density around neighbourhood centre
Calculated based on the required catchment area for selected basic amenities
N.A.
Spatial Organization of city • Public transit • Public transit node as the node as the neighbourhood neighbourhood centre where centre where services are coservices are colocated located.
• Public transit • High density, node as the mixed use & neighbourhood walkable centre where neighbourhood services are cos. located.
• Undifferentiated decentralised city system in the form of local clusters
• Arterial mixed- • Arterial mixeduse streets use streets connecting connecting between between neighbourhood neighbourhoods s with with pedestrian pedestrian paths, bike lanes, paths, bike public transit lanes, public routes and transit routes minimised car and minimised lanes car lanes
• Arterial mixeduse streets connecting between neighbourhood s with pedestrian paths, bike lanes, public transit routes and minimised car lanes
• Compact polycentric city with hierarchised urban centres (job clusters) connected with network of multi-modal public transit
• Peripheral public transit connectivity
Table 4 - Comparison of Empirical models of spatial planning to Moreno’s FMC proposition Readers note: the comparison is drawn based on ‘urban functions’ as defined by Moreno
Therefore, it can be concluded that these FMC models of respective cities reflect the desired urban form of neighbourhoods and minimum level of services and amenities to be localised inside the neighbourhoods. The city documents highlight that density and locational differential might exist across these neighbourhoods within the city which will allow additional localization of services in some neighbourhoods while not in other.
4.1.1.2. The issue of Localising Jobs The second highly debatable urban function that FMC proponents propose to localise are the jobs. The issue of job localization is highly criticised not only from point of view of ‘vitality’ that drives innovation and thus cities but also reducing opportunities for social mobility of economically weaker sections incoming to the city for jobs.
None of the three cities claim to localise the jobs. The increase in trend of ‘work from home’ and co-working finds its way in localization of third spaces in the neighbourhoods. Paris intends to locate co-working spaces and fab labs in each neighbourhood, while Portland 91
