brought about by commute and transportation. It can be affirmatively said that it promotes proximity-oriented planning to address the needs of people and putting amenities in proximity of people.
6.2. Relevance of Study and future scope of work:
The exploratory study of the ‘New Time-based Agenda’ of ‘Fifteen Minute city’ can be said to have, in hindsight, consolidated the scattered literature in the form of Moreno’s proposition, its related discussions, debates and opinions offered by different experts through an exhaustive data collection process of grey literature in the form of media articles, seminars, white papers and reports. The scientific literature thus generated adds to the urban planning scholarship which can be further utilised to create new discussions and explorations based on the topic. By adopting a critical perspective to comprehend and analyse the subject of FMC, this study presents a plurality of complex themes related to creation of (15-minute) Cities. It puts forward different perspectives from which (15-minute) cities can and should be analysed. By doing so, the study undertook a controlled investigation of the empirical investigation to focus on spatial perspective to the complex socio-economic issue of accessibility. The findings can be said to have brought further clarity to the issue of FMC and the proposition of Moreno. By investigating the three cross-continental case studies, it clarifies the spatial organization of ‘cities’ to create proximate environments and emphasises the issue of ‘governance of proximity services’ to reduce time poverty and create equitable cities. It presents an ‘action-policy framework’ which shall inform future research under this study of ‘Time based agenda’. Few directions can already be set in this regard.
1. Further Development of the framework for ‘Strategy of Enabling Service Localization in Proximity’ The study undertook empirical investigation of three cities based on certain criteria like OECD countries and relative maturity of the FMC policy reflected through Pilot projects. To create a better understanding of the ‘strategies of proximity services’ the scope of investigation can be expanded to include other contexts like Singapore (20-minute town, 40-minute city) and China (15-minute community life-cycle policy). These case studies, apart from adding nuances to the understanding developed regarding strategies for service provision, may also aid in further confirmation of spatial characteristics of FMC synthesised in this study.
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