Ecdis procedures manual sample

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ECDIS PROCEDURES MANUAL

ALPHA MARINE CONSULTING LTD. MARINE CONSULTANTS & SURVEYORS T: +30 211 888 1000, F: +30 211 888 1039 mail@alphamrn.com | www.alphamrn.com

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M/T “VSLNAME” IMO No: 9999999

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ECDIS PROCEDURES MANUAL

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AMENDMENT RECORD

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DISTRIBUTION LIST

This document is to be distributed to ship’s personnel responsible for navigation. Each holder should sign for having received and read the manual.

Rank

Date Joined

Signature / Date

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TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE REFERENCES AND ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................... 7

2

INTRODUCTION AND COMPANY'S POLICY ON ECDIS USE ..................... 12

2.1

PURPOSE ........................................................................................................ 12

2.2

ELECTRONIC CHARTS & ECDIS ................................................................... 12 2.2.1 VECTOR CHART FORMAT ELECTRONIC CHARTS ......................... 12 2.2.2 RASTER CHART FORMAT ELECTRONIC CHARTS ......................... 12 2.2.3 ELECTRONIC CHART DISPLAY SYSTEMS ....................................... 13 2.2.4 INTRODUCTION TO THE ECDIS AND THE ELECTRONIC NAVIGATIONAL CHART (ENC) ........................................................... 14 LEGISLATION .................................................................................................. 15 2.3.1 LEGAL COMPLIANCE OF ECDIS TO IMO REGULATIONS ............... 16 2.3.2 CHARTS REQUIRED BY IMO TO BE CARRIED ON BOARD ............ 16 2.3.3 CHARTS COVERAGE ......................................................................... 17 2.3.4 ENC DATA FORMAT ........................................................................... 18 2.3.5 ENC SCREEN DISPLAY ...................................................................... 18 2.3.6 SYSTEM ELECTRONIC NAVIGATIONAL CHART (SENC) ................ 19 2.3.7 MEANING OF “ADEQUATE BACK-UP SYSTEM” ............................... 19 MANDATORY ECDIS ENFORCEMENT .......................................................... 21

2.4

2.6

ASSESSMENT OF RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF ECDIS USE ON BOARD .................................................................................. 22 2.5.1 SAFETY RISKS .................................................................................... 22 2.5.2 RISK ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR ECDIS ...................................... 22 2.5.3 RISKS AND LEGISLATION.................................................................. 23 2.5.4 RISK ASSESSMENT DEFINITIONS .................................................... 23 2.5.5 AREAS OF RISK .................................................................................. 24 2.5.6 RISKS OF OVER-RELIANCE ON ECDIS ............................................ 24 2.5.7 DETECTION OF MISREPRESENTATION OF INFORMATION .......... 25 2.5.8 ASSESSMENT PROCESS .................................................................. 26 2.5.9 BENEFITS OF RISK ASSESSMENT ................................................... 27 COMPANY’S POLICY ON THE USE OF ECDIS ............................................. 29

2.7

DEVELOPMENT OF PROCEDURES AND STANDING ORDERS ................. 30

3

INTRODUCTION ON THE USE OF ECDIS ..................................................... 32

3.1

ECDIS AS NAVIGATIONAL MEANS ............................................................... 32

3.2

MANAGING SITUATIONAL AWARENESS WITH ECDIS ............................... 33

3.3

ESTABLISHING KEY DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES IN AN ECDIS ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................... 34

3.4

EQUIPMENT .................................................................................................... 35

3.5

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ........................................................................... 36

3.6

CHARTING AND RCDS MODE ....................................................................... 37

3.7

SENSOR INPUTS ............................................................................................ 37

3.8

ENC SCALE RANGES ..................................................................................... 39

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PAGE USER GUIDE ................................................................................................... 40

3.10

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND DATABASES THAT CAN BE INTERGRADED IN ECDIS............................................................................... 40

3.11

USE OF ECDIS FOR COLLISION AVOIDANCE ............................................. 41

3.12

ZONE OF CONFIDENCE (ZOC) & CATEGORY OF ZONE OF CONFIDENCE (CATZOC) ........................................................................................................ 41

3.13

COMMUNICATION AND TERMINOLOGY ...................................................... 41

3.14

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ECDIS DISPLAY .............................................................................................. 42 3.14.1 DISPLAY SETTINGS - MODES ........................................................... 42 3.14.2 COLOUR PALETTES ........................................................................... 42 3.14.3 DISPLAY ORIENTATION ..................................................................... 42 3.14.4 DISPLAY SCALE AND SCAMIN .......................................................... 43 TRAINING & FAMILIARIZATION .................................................................... 44

4.1

INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 44

4.2

GENERIC ECDIS TRAINING ........................................................................... 44

4.3

TYPE-SPECIFIC TRAINING ............................................................................ 45

4.4

SHIPBOARD FAMILIARIZATION ON ECDIS .................................................. 45

4.5

CONTINUOUS SHIPBOARD AWARENESS DRILLS AND UNDERSTANDING ......................................................................................................................... 46

5

USE OF ECDIS IN NAVIGATION .................................................................... 47

5.1

OVER-RELIANCE ON ECDIS.......................................................................... 47

5.2

PROVING ECDIS CORRECT .......................................................................... 48

5.3

APPLICATION OF RADAR INFORMATION OVERLAY (RIO) IN SUPPORT OF FIXING ............................................................................................................. 48

5.4

USE OF ADMIRALTY INFORMATION OVERLAY (AIO) ................................. 49

5.5

5.6

VESSEL SETTINGS ........................................................................................ 49 5.5.1 VESSEL’S DRAUGHT AND UNDER KEEL CLEARANCE .................. 49 5.5.2 AIR DRAUGHT / MAST HEAD CLEARANCE ...................................... 50 5.5.3 INCORPORATION OF TURN RADIUS AND WHEELOVER POINTS . 51 5.5.4 ENC FEATURES AND DATE/TIME ..................................................... 51 5.5.5 LEG CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................... 51 5.5.6 TIDAL CORRECTION .......................................................................... 52 5.5.7 MARINER’S NOTES ............................................................................ 52 5.5.8 LOOK-AHEAD AND ALARMS.............................................................. 52 ECDIS SAFETY FUNCTIONS ......................................................................... 53

5.7

SAFETY DEPTH .............................................................................................. 55

5.8

SAFETY CONTOUR ........................................................................................ 55

5.9

SHALLOW AND DEEP CONTOUR ................................................................. 56

5.10

SAFETY DEPTH AND SAFETY CONTOUR SETTINGS ................................ 56

5.11

ANTI-GROUNDING CONE .............................................................................. 57

5.12

SCAMIN ........................................................................................................... 59

5.13

PRESENTATION OF DATA ............................................................................. 59

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PAGE SELECTION OF SENSORS ............................................................................ 60

5.15

MAN OVERBOARD ......................................................................................... 60

5.16

ALARMS AND WARNINGS ............................................................................. 61

5.17

RCDS MODE ................................................................................................... 61

5.18

USE OF ECDIS AT NIGHT .............................................................................. 62

5.19

HANDOVER ROUTINE .................................................................................... 63

5.20

PRIMARY POSITION FIXING SOURCE FAILURE / GNSS FAILURE ............ 63

5.21

ECDIS FAILURE .............................................................................................. 64

5.22

INTEGRATION OF ICE DATA INTO ECDIS.................................................... 65

5.23

BRIDGE MANAGEMENT POSTER ................................................................. 65

6

PASSAGE PANNING ...................................................................................... 67

6.1

USE OF ECDIS ON PASSAGE ....................................................................... 67

6.2

CHECKING AVAILABILITY OF THE APPROPRIATE ENCS FOR THE VOYAGE .......................................................................................................... 68

6.3

MONITORING THE OPERATIONAL STATUS OF ECDIS .............................. 69

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ROUTE PLANNING PRINCIPLES .................................................................. 70

7.1

PASSAGE PLAN APPRAISAL ......................................................................... 70

7.2

PLANNING ....................................................................................................... 73

7.3

ROUTE CREATION ......................................................................................... 74

7.4

ROUTE CHECKING ......................................................................................... 75

7.5

OUTPUT........................................................................................................... 76

7.6

EXECUTION .................................................................................................... 77

7.7

PASSAGE PLAN CHANGES ........................................................................... 77

7.8

MONITORING .................................................................................................. 78

7.9

MONITORING WITH PILOT ON BOARD ........................................................ 79

7.10

LIMITING DANGER LINES .............................................................................. 79

7.11

GUARD ZONE ................................................................................................. 80

7.12

ANCHOR WATCH PLANNING ........................................................................ 80

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5.14

7.13

NAVTEX ........................................................................................................... 81

7.14

ENHANCED GROUP CALL (EGC) .................................................................. 81

7.15

CHART ACCURACY ........................................................................................ 82

7.16

COPYING AND SAVING INFORMATION ....................................................... 83

8

CHARTS UPDATING....................................................................................... 84

8.1

LICENSES AND PERMITS .............................................................................. 84

8.2

ORDERING AND UPDATING ELECTRONIC CHARTS .................................. 84 8.2.1 TEMPORARY AND PRELIMINARY (T&P) NTM .................................. 85 8.2.2 ENC PRELIMINARY NOTICES (EPNMS) ........................................... 85 8.2.3 NAVIGATIONAL WARNINGS (NAVAREA) .......................................... 86 8.2.4 ADMIRALTY INFORMATION OVERLAY (AIO) ................................... 86

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PAGE VIRUS PROTECTION ...................................................................................... 87

8.4

SOFTWARE UPDATES ................................................................................... 87

8.5

OPERATING ANOMALIES .............................................................................. 87

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ECDIS MAINTENANCE ................................................................................... 88

9.1

PROJECT SUPERVISION AND PLANNED MAINTENANCE ......................... 88

9.2

9.3

SOFTWARE-RELATED ISSUES ..................................................................... 89 9.2.1 OPERATING SYSTEM ISSUES .......................................................... 89 9.2.2 SOFTWARE APPLICATION ISSUES .................................................. 89 ECDIS AND ENC INTERACTION ISSUES...................................................... 89

9.4

PLANNED MAINTENANCE TOPICS ............................................................... 90

9.5

RECOMMENDATION FOR MINIMUM SPARES ............................................. 91

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RECORD KEEPING & REFERENCES ........................................................... 92

10.1

ECDIS DATA RECORDING ............................................................................. 92

10.2

BACKUP PROCEDURE................................................................................... 93

10.3

RECORDS ....................................................................................................... 94

10.4

REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 95

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APPENDIX 1: ECDIS DISPLAY CONFIGURATION APPENDIX 2: ECDIS ANOMALIES REPORTING

APPENDIX 3: ECDIS BRIDGE MANAGEMENT POSTER

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APPENDIX 4: ECDIS FAILURE EMERGENCY RESPONSE CHECKLIST APPENDIX 5: ENC COVERAGE

APPENDIX 6: RISK ASSESSMENT FOR ECDIS ASSOCIATED HAZARDS

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APPENDIX 7: BRIDGE POSTER ON USING ECDIS

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REFERENCES AND ABBREVIATIONS

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INTRODUCTION AND COMPANY'S POLICY ON ECDIS USE

2.1 PURPOSE With the mandatory carriage of ECDIS on board vessel, Bridge Team needs to meet new challenges that arise with the safe navigation of the vessel.

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The introduction of an ECDIS is a fundamental change to the operation of the bridge and significantly changes many of the existing decision-making processes. An ECDIS presents the Bridge Team with a highly flexible system which, if correctly configured, offers a significant increase in situational awareness and safety. This can contribute much greater efficiency of operations allowing the Bridge Team more time to maintain a proper visual and radar watch. Prerequisite, is the correct configuration from the user, coupled with competency and vigilance during all the processes.

The present procedures, in conjunction with the fitted ECDIS equipment makers’ manuals, as well as the electronic charts’ service providers and the international and statutory applicable requirements, provide guidance on the use of ECDIS on board, including instructions for training / familiarization of the crew and about the framework for using ECDIS as navigational means.

ELECTRONIC CHARTS & ECDIS

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As an effective BRM should reduce the risk that an error on the part of one person results in a dangerous situation, the bridge organization should efficiently manage all the available bridge resources, persons and equipment, including ECDIS. It should establish decisionmaking processes based on conditions relating to workload and the safety/security of the vessel.

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2.2.1 Electronic chart display systems Standard features of electronic chart display systems include the display of electronic vector and / or raster charts overlaid with the position of the ship and its track, and facilities to route plan and automatically update charts using digital notices to mariners.

Navigation sensors such as GPS, log and gyro will be connected to provide positional information. An autopilot may also be connected when the electronic chart display system is installed as part of an integrated bridge system.

Some electronic chart display systems offer the capability to display radar data overlaid on the chart. This can be either selected targets or a full radar picture that can be independently controlled. Caution should always be exercised where target vectors based on the ship’s speed through water are overlaid on an electronic chart that is displaying speed over ground.

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Factors that will determine to what extent an electronic chart display system can be used will include the type of system that has been fitted, the ability of that system to display official nautical charts, and whether or not the flag state administration allows its use for navigational purposes.

Electronic chart displays systems can be categorised as ECDIS, RCDS, or ECS. A. Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS):

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ECDIS, with adequate back-up arrangements, may be accepted as complying with the SOLAS requirement for ships to carry up-to-date charts, when displaying ENC chart data. A performance standard exists for ECDIS, presented in the following sections.

B. Raster Chart Display System (RCDS):

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RCDS, or an ECDIS used in a RCDS mode of operation, displaying RNC chart data should at the present time only be used as a supplementary navigation tool together with a complete folio of up-to-date paper charts. No performance standard currently exists for RCDS. C. Electronic Chart System (ECS): ECS should only be used as a supplementary navigation tool together with a complete folio of up-to-date paper charts.

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Introduction to the ECDIS and the Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)

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2.2.2

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2.3 LEGISLATION As per SOLAS Chapter V and Resolution MSC. 282 (86), ships engaged on international voyages shall be fitted with ECDIS, in accordance to the following determined implementation schedule:

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Legal Compliance of ECDIS to IMO Regulations

2.3.2

Charts required by IMO to be carried on board

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2.3.1

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Charts coverage

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2.3.3

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ENC data format

2.3.5

ENC screen display

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2.3.4

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System Electronic Navigational Chart (SENC)

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2.3.6

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2.3.7

Meaning of “adequate back-up system”

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2.4 MANDATORY ECDIS ENFORCEMENT The role of enforcement lies on the national governments and/or international or regional governing bodies. The rules are enforced during Flag State and Port State inspections, usually carried out under the auspices of a national maritime administration (such as the United States Coast Guard).

Flag state inspections shall also rely on the specific and case-by-case requirements imposed by the Flag States as per their interpretations of the IMO regulatory framework. In this context continuous reference should be made to the national administrations and flag states for the latest requirements in force.

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Items subject to inspection include:

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Port State Control inspections will seek to ascertain whether any and every commercial vessel visiting a country’s ports is being operated in accordance with national laws and international regulations. In the instance of mandatory ECDIS, the relevant international regulation is IMO’s SOLAS Convention.

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ASSESSMENT OF RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF ECDIS USE ON BOARD

Navigating with ECDIS is fundamentally different from navigating with paper charts.

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2.5.1 Safety Risks Due to its capability to integrate a wide variety of graphic and textual information, the electronic chart system is becoming the central navigational instrument on the bridge of a ship. However, for all its capacity, there are also some limitations.

2.5.2

Risk Assessment Method for ECDIS

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Risks and Legislation

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2.5.3

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2.5.4 Risk Assessment Definitions For the purposes of this discussion, the following definitions have been used: - Hazard: a source of navigational error with potential harm or damage to personnel, own ship, other ship or environment, - Risk: the likelihood of the hazard occurring combined with the severity of the hazardous event.

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2.5.5 Areas of Risk The hazards associated with the use of ECDIS fall into three categories:

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2.5.6 Risks of over-reliance on ECDIS The training in ECDIS operational use should address:

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Detection of misrepresentation of information

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2.5.7

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2.5.8 Assessment Process The assessment process has four stages: 1.

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2.5.9

Benefits of Risk Assessment

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2.6

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DEVELOPMENT OF PROCEDURES AND STANDING ORDERS

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2.7

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INTRODUCTION ON THE USE OF ECDIS

ECDIS AS NAVIGATIONAL MEANS

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3.1

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MANAGING SITUATIONAL AWARENESS WITH ECDIS

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3.2

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ESTABLISHING KEY DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES IN AN ECDIS ENVIRONMENT Decision-making can be considered as a two stage process: situation assessment and then deciding what action is to be taken. Continuous monitoring and recording of actions taken is a vital part of the process. The introduction of ECDIS can enhance decision-making provided the Bridge Team remain part of the overall process. If the ECDIS is relied on to make decisions automatically without the input of the Bridge Team, hazardous situations could develop. A key control measure for reducing the likelihood of over-reliance on ECDIS is the establishment of sound decision-making processes.

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The main risk with relying on ECDIS for decision support is that

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EQUIPMENT

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3.4

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3.5 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ECDIS is only as accurate as the information contained within it is accurate. Therefore, it is critical to the accuracy of the system that it is configured appropriately prior departure.

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The OOBW is to check and ensure:

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CHARTING AND RCDS MODE

3.7

SENSOR INPUTS

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3.6

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3.8

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USER GUIDE

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3.9

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3.10 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND DATABASES THAT CAN BE INTERGRADED IN ECDIS

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3.11 USE OF ECDIS FOR COLLISION AVOIDANCE The ECDIS should never be used for collision avoidance. However,

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3.12 ZONE OF CONFIDENCE (ZOC) & CATEGORY OF ZONE OF CONFIDENCE (CATZOC)

3.13 COMMUNICATION AND TERMINOLOGY

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3.14 ECDIS DISPLAY

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3.14.1 Display Settings - Modes The IMO Performance Standards for ECDIS specify the minimum requirements for displayed chart features, most notably with "Standard" display which is available on all ECDIS. As described in NP23I further customisation of the display is possible on all ECDIS but manufacturers have a certain degree of freedom in assigning chart features to individual viewing groups. It is important that mariners are familiar with the viewing objects, features and groups which their ECDIS uses in each mode of display and that they understand how to modify the view to meet the needs of voyage planning, and monitoring.

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Examples of ECDIS display configuration:

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3.14.2 Colour Palettes

3.14.3 Display Orientation

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3.14.4 Display Scale and SCAMIN SCAMIN is an attribute allocated to features within an ENC that defines

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TRAINING & FAMILIARIZATION

GENERIC ECDIS TRAINING

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4.1 INTRODUCTION ECDIS training is determined by various shipping regulations.

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4.3 TYPE-SPECIFIC TRAINING All on watch officers having completed generic training are required to undertake a 2days Type-

SHIPBOARD FAMILIARIZATION ON ECDIS

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USE OF ECDIS IN NAVIGATION

OVER-RELIANCE ON ECDIS

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APPLICATION OF RADAR INFORMATION OVERLAY (RIO) IN SUPPORT OF FIXING

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5.3

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USE OF ADMIRALTY INFORMATION OVERLAY (AIO)

5.5

VESSEL SETTINGS

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Vessel’s draught and Under Keel Clearance

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Air Draught / Mast Head Clearance

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Incorporation of Turn Radius and Wheelover points

5.5.4

ENC Features and Date/Time

5.5.5

Leg characteristics

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5.5.3

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Mariner’s Notes

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ECDIS SAFETY FUNCTIONS

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5.8

SAFETY CONTOUR

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5.10 SAFETY DEPTH AND SAFETY CONTOUR SETTINGS

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5.11 ANTI-GROUNDING CONE The Anti-Grounding Cone or Safety Frame is intended for setting the size of the area that will be used for the chart data analysis and for the generation of the Anti-grounding Alarms, Area Alerts and Navigational Alarms. The trigger points for Alarms and Warnings are defined by an Anti-Grounding Cone projected Ahead, Port and Starboard of the vessel. The size of the Anti-Grounding Cone will depend on the ECDIS system in use as well as the size, maneuverability and speed of the vessel. Once a danger has been picked up in the Anti-Grounding Cone, it will be necessary for the vessel to avoid it and this delay and time to maneuver must be taken into account when setting up.

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The following settings are recommended for use in Pilotage and Confined Waters (vessel dependent):

The following settings are recommended for use in Coastal Waters (vessel dependent):

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The following settings are recommended for use in Open Ocean (vessel dependent):

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5.12 SCAMIN

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5.14 SELECTION OF SENSORS

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5.16 ALARMS AND WARNINGS

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5.18 USE OF ECDIS AT NIGHT

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5.19 HANDOVER ROUTINE

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5.20 PRIMARY POSITION FIXING SOURCE FAILURE / GNSS FAILURE

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5.21 ECDIS FAILURE

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5.22 INTEGRATION OF ICE DATA INTO ECDIS

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5.23 BRIDGE MANAGEMENT POSTER

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PASSAGE PANNING

USE OF ECDIS ON PASSAGE

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CHECKING AVAILABILITY OF THE APPROPRIATE ENCS FOR THE VOYAGE

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MONITORING THE OPERATIONAL STATUS OF ECDIS

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ROUTE PLANNING PRINCIPLES

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The principles and fundamentals of planning remain unchanged, i.e.:  Appraisal  Planning (includes Route Creation and Route Checking)  Execution  Monitoring.

PASSAGE PLAN APPRAISAL

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PLANNING

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ROUTE CREATION

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ROUTE CHECKING

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OUTPUT

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EXECUTION

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PASSAGE PLAN CHANGES

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7.11 GUARD ZONE

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7.14 ENHANCED GROUP CALL (EGC)

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7.15 CHART ACCURACY

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7.16 COPYING AND SAVING INFORMATION

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CHARTS UPDATING

LICENSES AND PERMITS

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8.2 ORDERING AND UPDATING ELECTRONIC CHARTS ENCs shall be ordered through the approved distributor. The initial supply may be, either a Base

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ENC Preliminary Notices (EPNMs)

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Admiralty Information Overlay (AIO)

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VIRUS PROTECTION

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SOFTWARE UPDATES

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OPERATING ANOMALIES

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ECDIS MAINTENANCE

ECDIS is the first safety-related bridge navigation system to be largely dependent on complex software for its correct operation. This aspect of the equipment is very significant when considering maintenance procedures. ECDIS must not be treated as a 'fit and forget' piece of equipment. With the rapid development of computer systems, the life of both hardware and software components is limited and the original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are unable to support systems indefinitely. A proportion of the early ECDIS systems are already not supported and indeed some OEMs either no longer produce ECDIS or have ceased trading; these matters need to be considered when developing a maintenance policy for ECDIS.

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PROJECT SUPERVISION AND PLANNED MAINTENANCE

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Software application issues

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ECDIS AND ENC INTERACTION ISSUES

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PLANNED MAINTENANCE TOPICS

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10 RECORD KEEPING & REFERENCES

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10.1 ECDIS DATA RECORDING

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10.2 BACKUP PROCEDURE

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10.3 RECORDS

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10.4 REFERENCES

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