Aquaculture Scoop April 2014 -

Aquaculture Scoop is a magazine for aquaculture professionals worldwide

Issue 05 / April 2014 An overview of offshore law that affects aquaculture

FFAZ Automatic Fish Feeder

Expo list

Stock protection

Innovation Aquafeed

Top events related to aquaculture from around the world, on p. 21-22

Offshore Law

Story: How seals attacks are being dealt with

System development

New Lean Mixing concept for Fish Feed

Stock protection: Pushing the boundaries

Huon Aquaculture and Hvalpsund Net tackle the problem of seal attacks

35 GLOBAL EVENTS: We list the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s top industry events. PAGE 21

FISH FARM FEEDER

SYSTEMS SL Read more on page 12 Published by Nisa Media Ltd www.aquaculturedirectory.co.uk Find us on Facebook and Twitter www.twitter.com/aquaculturedire

Offshore Law p.5

FFAZ Automatic Fish Feeder p.10

Seafood now provides more than half of the world's protein.

SEAFOOD ROUNDUP

Editors comment

A new look for Aquaculture Scoop Welcome to the latest issue of Aquaculture Scoop. In this issue we take a look at Offshore law with an overview of the law and how it affects aquaculture. We learn about stock protection and how a new revolutionary system is working to reduce the impact of seal attacks. We also look at information on fish feeder technologies and a new innovation for Aquafeed. With many events coming up why not visit our website and download the latest wall planner.

Visit us online at www.aquaculturedirectory.co.uk

Offshore Law

An overview of offshore law that affects aquaculture

FFAZ Automatic Fish Feeder System development

Stock protection

Story: How seals attacks are being dealt with

Innovation Aquafeed

New Lean Mixing concept for Fish Feed

Published by: NISA Media Ltd 14 Clarke Way Cheltenham GL50 4AX United Kingdom

Editorial Manager Nicky Barnes Tel: +44 117 2306494 Email: nbarnes@aquaculturedirectory.co.uk www.twitter.com/Aquaculturedire www.linkedin.com/company/nisa-media-ltd www.scoop.it/t/aquaculture-directory www.paper.li/Aquaculturedire/1334242719 www.pinterest.com/aquadirectory/ www.facebook.com/pages/Aquaculture-Directory/27260116281734

International Marketing Manager Sabby Major Tel: +44 117 2306493 Email: smajor@aquaculturedirectory.co.uk

News Editor Martin Little Email: mlittle@aquaculturedirectory.co.uk

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

Page 03

www.aquariuslawyers.com.au

mailto:info@aquariuslawyers.com.au

Offshore Law

Overview of International Law and Treaties that effect Offshore Aquaculture by Katherine Hawes, Aquarius Lawyers What is meant by offshore aquaculture? When discussing the development of aquaculture, it is key to understand the different regulatory environment established by the convention of the law of the sea. The law of the sea settled the disputes about the extent of coastal states to claim sovereignty over the ocean waters. The convention divides the oceans into several jurisdictional zones which are subject to different legal regimes â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the territorial sea, the exclusive economic zone, the continental shelf and the high seas.

LAW OF THE SEA

The exclusive economic zone is the area in which offshore marine aquaculture will take place. This area is regulated by international law which states what regulations need to be complied with when considering development of offshore aquaculture.

Article 192 of the convention imposes an obligation on coastal states to protect and preserve the marine environment â&#x20AC;&#x201C; this means to take all measures necessary in order to prevent, reduce and control pollution of the marine environment, using the best means necessary within

Whilst the Law of the Sea convention was not designed to be an environmental instrument, it does include International environmental controls which impact upon the development of offshore aquaculture. The main chapter dealing with marine environment is Part XII of the convention. Article 118 can be interpreted in a way that requires states to ensure that their farming practices do not threaten wild stocks or interfere with their conservation.

their capabilities. Countries wishing to develop offshore aquaculture need to be aware of the pollution requirements and the impacts of aquaculture operations which can cause such pollution. The environmental controls of Part XII of law of the sea requires the coastal states to consider the environmental impact of aquaculture operations on the marine environment. Articles 207-213 provide a list of requirements for states to adopt laws and regulations relating to the pollution of the marine environment. In addition states must ensure that their activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause pollution damaging the environment of other states. It is important to remember that pollution does recognise national boundaries. Therefore, Coastal states must ensure

Diagram of our maritime zones The Area

Continental shelf Sovereign rights for exploring and exploiting non-living resources of sea-bed and subsoil, plus sedentary species

(Claimable)

Exclusive economic zone Territorial Sea

Common heritage of mankind

The High Seas

Sovereign rights for exploring, exploiting, conserving and managing living and non-living resources of the water, sea-bed and subsoil

Contiguous zone 3nm 12nm

3nm Coastal Waters

Territorial sea baseline

State territory

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

24nm

200nm

350nm (or 100nm from the 2500m isobath)

Continental shelf Continental slope

Continental rise

Deep seabed

Page 05

Offshore Law

that laws relating to the protection of the marine environment in order to secure development of offshore aquaculture do not lead to international disputes.

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS With regard to the environmental aspects of marine aquaculture, several international conventions need to be taken into account: The 1972 Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, better known as the Stockholm Declaration. The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development of 1992, produced at the 1992 United Nations ‘Earth Summit’ comprises 27 principles intended to promote sustainable development around the world. During this meeting the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was introduced which is the most inclusive and prominent global tool dealing with the threats to marine and coastal biodiversity, and safeguarding, understanding and employing marine resources in a reasonable and eco-friendly manner. The FAO Code of Conduct for Fisheries (1995) sets out principles and international standards of behavior for responsible practices aiming at maintaining effective conservation, management and development of living aquatic resources with a respect for the ecosystem and biodiversity. The Code also governs the catch, processing and trade of fish and fishery products, fishing operations, aquaculture, fisheries research and the integration of fisheries into coastal area management. Established in 1992, during the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Brazil, the United Nations Agenda 21 plan is a universal set of actions to be adopted by countries all over the world in order to protect the environment from the adverse effects of human intervention.

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

EUROPEAN LEGISLATION AND POLICIES On a European scale, marine aquaculture is largely regulated by the regulations of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). This policy brings together a range of measures designed to achieve a thriving and sustainable European fishing industry, which also includes aquaculture. The Commission has embarked on a CFP reform process (Green Paper, 2009) since the targets agreed in 2002 to reach sustainable fisheries that have not yet been fulfilled. With regard to the environmental aspects of marine aquaculture, several legislative documents are of importance: The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) requires Member States to prepare national strategies to manage their seas to achieve Good Environmental Status (GES) by 2020. The

directive, inter alia, promotes the integration of environmental considerations into all relevant policy areas and delivers the environmental pillar of the integrated maritime policy for the European Union.

THE BIRDS DIRECTIVES

AND

HABITATS

The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) is considered as a crucial ingredient of the water protection management within the river basins and focuses on coastal and inland waters. The WFD is a regulatory set of rules that elucidates and updates current water legislation by introducing common objectives within the EU for water (inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater) and establishes an integrated and coordinated approach to water management in Europe.

Katherine Hawes, Aquarius Lawyers

Katherine Hawes is the founder of Aquarius Lawyers and Aquarius Education, based in Sydney, Australia. With over 20 years' proven legal and business experience, Katherine's expertise lies in advising and representing organizations and businesses on issues pertaining to the marine environment. This includes aquaculture, marine and fisheries law, maritime security and marine resources management. Katherine is currently the legal counsel for the Association of International seafood professionals and is a director of the World Aquaculture Society. Due to her expertise, she is regularly asked to speak at large international conferences. To learn more about Katherine, visit the Aquarius website:

http://www.aquariuslawyers.com.au/

Page 06

www.oceanharvest.ie

mailto:info@oceanharvest.ie

Industry News

Stock protection: pushing the boundaries Over the last three years Hvalpsund has been involved in developing a revolutionary new stock protection system for Huon Aquaculture (HUON). HUON is a vertically integrated company, farming, processing and selling premium quality Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout products to domestic and international markets. As the only 100 per cent Australian owned salmon farming business in Australia, HUON employs over 480 staff and will produce around 15,000T of salmon and trout this year. HUON’s owners, Peter and Frances Bender approached the Danish net manufacturer at Aquanor back in 2011, as they wanted to find partners to develop a new system to keep out seals and birds. Seals, in particular, prove a real headache in Tasmania, costing the company in the region of $12-18 million AUD per year. These costs come from direct losses caused by seals getting into the pen and

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

“a completely new direction that would improve safety for both fish and personnel” killing the fish, as well as the impact of stress induced in the salmon by the seal attacks. Moreover the risk of attacks means that the company needs to have dedicated teams of staff patrolling the marine farm leases day and night in an attempt to keep seals away from the pens and off the collars, as well as employing extra personnel to release any seals that get into the pens. Not only is killing seals strictly forbidden in Australia, but any death of a seal would also be very negatively perceived by the public. As a result, the company recognized that huge savings could be achieved by developing a better way to fence off the seals from attacking fish and to improve safety for personnel working on the farms. They had tried various net materials in the past, but with poor effect, and now they wanted to go into a

completely new direction that would improve safety for both fish and personnel. Hvalpsund suggested a trial using the ultra-strong and light Dyneema® fibre for the nets – a material they have plenty of experience of working with. Some of the early tests showed that it was not enough just to spec up the twine size, however – finding the right combination of twine size and strength and combining both knotted and raschel knotless materials eventually proved to be the key. As no other salmon farm in the world had ever required nets with such high strength, the project was truly revolutionary.

“any death of a seal would also be very negatively perceived by the public. ” By trialing different kinds of nets and pens Hvalpsund worked with HUON to determine the best system to keep seals

Page 08

Industry News and birds away from the fish and feed. The key to the design is the use of an extra-wide, triple-collar stanchion that has specialised outer sockets to accommodate a seal fence post and bird net pole. The seal fence post allows an outer seal fence net surrounding the entire pen to rise 2.8 metres above the surface of the water.

2.8m Net: 2.8 metres above the water

The idea of the extra wide pen is to maintain a good degree of separation between the outer seal fence and the inner containment net. The outer seal fence net is made using 125mm black knotted Dyneema® with a breaking strength of over 1200 kg. It is also fitted with strong Dyneema® vertical ropes from which the sinker ring is suspended – by hanging the heavy sinker rings directly from the seal net it is kept as tight as possible all the time, which makes it more difficult for the seals to push the net or bite it.

Hvalpsund Net A/S Havnepladsen 16 9640 Farsø Denmark Tel: +45 98 638188 Fax: +45 98 638203 Email: info@hvalpsund-net.dk Web: www.hvalpsund.com

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

The inner containment net is made with light yet strong Dyneema® which ensures good water flow through the pen and reduces fouling. As the outer seal net is permanently in place, the pen is kept as a safe work environment where daily operations or net changes can be done without the risk of seals attacking stock or personnel. The wide clearance between the outer seal net and inner containment net means that the nets can be cleaned using in situ net washers. The system also includes an ultra-light bird net that is suspended high above the surface by light, flexible poles.

with walkway plates either between the inner collars or both collars. This design provides a safe working space for doing daily operations on the pens, even in bad weather. The advantage of using a pen made with only HDPE is that it requires far less maintenance than pens with steel components. HUON is also now investigating the potential for the pen stanchions to be constructed with injection-moulded nylon which, if successful, will make the stanchion even stronger.

“the outer seal net is permanently in place, the pen is kept as a safe work environment” The specially - designed, injection moulded HDPE stanchions can be fitted

Dyneema breaking strength 1200 kg

The original trial has proved to be so successful that HUON has now decided to replace all their existing pens with the new system. However, the real benefit will not come into play until all the pens at the site are replaced – as long as some of the pens with the old design are still in use the seals will target these.

Hvalpsund Net sea farming department was established in the 1980’s and has since developed to become a supplier of total equipment solutions for land and sea based fish farming. The department’s main activity still is manufacture of cage nets, but the sale of related products such as float frames, mooring equipment and other kinds of related equipment grow every day. Apart from the products we manufacture ourselves, Hvalpsund Net A/S has more than 7,000 product codes in stock so that any demand within the fishing and fish farming trades can be met. You are welcome to contact our sales department for further information about these activities and other activities within Hvalpsund Net A/S.

Page 09

Fish Feeder

FFAZ Automatic Fish Feeder: System Development Our automatic flexible fish feeders integrate seamlessly into aquaculture recirculation systems, positively impacting the overall farm economy and water quality. We produce fish feeders of choice for ponds and pools, tailored to the relevant feed size for a variety of species including trout, carp, tilapia, catfish, koi and sturgeon.

Benefits to our customers fish: In conventional aquaculture, the fish are fed automatically. A recirculation system equipped with a feed sprayer reduces water pollution and extends the life of the filtration system.

The spreading unit considerably reduces both uneven growth and stress on feed intake.

For more information FFAZ Automatic Fish Feeder KlosterstraĂ&#x;e 34 D-88512 Mengen (Germany) Website: FFAZ.info E-Mail: info@FFAZ.info

Due to the significant savings, the feeder pays for itself in a short period of time. Â Our feeders are developed with forward thinking and future proof advanced technology. This means our feeders can be modified and improved with future developments without sacrificing any quality. In addition to this we consult with our customers to think and engage on the considerations of use before meeting their individual needs and expectations.

We are also able to engineer new and unique solutions to strategically enhance the potential of your equipment and allow you to make full use of their capabilities. FFAZ systems have been produced and continuously developed for over 25 years. It is this rich experience that distinguishes us as a technology think tank to develop innovative and trend-setting fish feed machines for you. Being close to our customers provides perfect grounds for mutually beneficial long lasting partnerships.

A modern aquaponic system is automated with an optimized automatic food dispenser.

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

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Media Information

Aquaculture Scoop Aquaculture Scoop is a magazine for aquaculture professionals worldwide. Published quarterly by Nisa Media Ltd it aims to inform the industry on topics relating to aquaculture and aquaculture feed. We welcome press submissions and media enquiries from any and all companies operating in this global industry.

Press submissions Should be submitted electronically as a word document, include any images at 300 dpi resolution.

Advertising submissions

Media contacts: For all press submissions please contact:

Aquaculture Scoop is an A4 publication, for full page advertisements we require a 3mm bleed and a resolution of 300 dpi. If you require assisstance in pre-flighting your artwork or even in designing your material please contact us.

Sizes

Editorial Manager Nicky Barnes Tel: +44 117 2306494 Email: nbarnes@aquaculturedirectory.co.uk For all advertising submissions please contact:

Full page

Half page

Quarter page

297x210mm

128x190mm

128x93mm

International Marketing Manager Sabby Major Tel: +44 117 2306493 Email: smajor@aquaculturedirectory.co.uk

Advertising should be supplied at 300 dpi, CMYK and RGB versions should be supplied for accurate representation in both our printed and digital ebook publications.

Keep in touch with Aquaculture Directory visit: www.aquaculturedirectory.co.uk

All advertisement copy is subject to the approval of Nisa Media Ltd. If a copy is not supplied in time for press the last copy will be inserted. The copy requirements specified must be met by the advertiser, and if not, any necessary work carried out by the publisher to meet such requirements will be charged to the advertiser.

Feeding systems

FishFarmFeeder Feeding Systems SL FishFarmFeeder is a company specialized only in manufacturing feeders for fish farms, working exclusively through distributors and agents. We produce 3 lines of feeders: 1. Centralized | Land Based 2. Feed Barge 3. Self-Moving You can see information of our company and Feeders … www.fishfarmfeeder.com www.yotube.com/fishfarmfeeder www.issuu.com/fishfarmfeeder www.flickr.com/fishfarmfeeder

Basic components of the FishFarmFeeder system. Our feeding systems are predominantly composed of the following parts:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

STORAGE HOPPERS FEED TRANSPORT BLOWER|COMPRESSOR MATRIX CHASIS ELECTRICAL PANEL SOFTWARE INNOVATION

waterproof for use outdoors or when

used on a barge.

2. FEED TRANSPORT The feed is transported from each of the

large storage hoppers to a small intermediate hopper inside the machine chassis using worm screws, one per storage hopper. In the intermediate hopper different pellet sizes can be stored from each hopper.

1. STORAGE HOPPERS The storage hoppers are bins where feed is stored ready to be sent. They are built in a separate structure to facilitate easier transport and installation. Depending on the machine and the different pellet sizes as well as the installation space restrictions, a single machine can mount from 1 to 6 hoppers with different capacities according the customer requirements. Based on the installation location, the hoppers can be

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

Intermediate hopper with rotary valves

3 hoppers in the same structure.

Page 12

Feeding systems

The bottom of the hoppers with the worm screws and geared motors

feed. Depending on the machine and feed to be supplied we install blowers or compressors. The air is also cooled by a radiator to flow at the optimum temperature.

4. MATRIX The matrix positioning system is one of the main innovations of the FishFarmFeeder systems. This design allows absolute precision and positioning speed, results unachievable by other feeder machine techniques.

If the machine is equipped with a double shot system, we in turn install a distribution system in the intermediate hopper which prepares the 2 doses simultaneously.

3. BLOWER | COMPRESSOR The blower system is designed to preserve at all times the integrity of the

This system allows feed to move from one end of the matrix to the other in less than 5 seconds (for an array of 156 outputs) meaning the feed sequence does not have to follow the order of arrangement of the array outlets, yet doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t incur a penalty in feeding times. While a dose is being launched, the machine begins to prepare the next amount of feed to be sent in the intermediate hopper thus taking advantage of the maximum cycle time.

5. CHASSIS The chassis of the machine is designed according the customer requirements and space restrictions. It can be manufactured in different qualities ranging from galvanized to AISI 316 stainless steel. It can also be designed to be water resistant for outdoor placement. In the machine chassis we have the start/stop operation buttons , an emergency stop, and the touch screen

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

interface that presents the most important information for the operator.

6. ELECTRICAL PANEL The electrical panel is built with high quality and internationally branded components. This guarantees an ease of spare part sourcing, globally, for fast replacement in case of failure of any parts. The panelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main component is the programmable controller with high processing capacity, in permanent communication with the control PC, the servo drives and the touch screen, everything is routed through Ethernet-IP.

Page 13

Feeding systems 7. SOFTWARE

8. INNOVATION

Tanks preview screen.

The matrix design system allows us to develop individual machines which can feed up to 156 tanks. With a moving time from end to end of the matrix less than 5 seconds.

The internally-developed software 3FS installed in the control PC allows for managing up to 5 machines. Through this software the parameters of all the connected machines are controlled, from the biological, such as conversion models, feeding plans, the ability to enable or disable pools through to alerts and alarms that can be produced on the machine.

Real-time alerts/alarms screen. Because it is in-house developed software, any customer requirement can be implemented and it is possible to integrate our system with an existing management system in a customerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s plant.

We have developed 2 shot systems, the single shot and the double shot, which can feed 2 tanks at the same time. With the double shot system we reduce the cycle time each tank can be fed every 10 seconds. The feed speed is calculated for each machine we manufacture, taking into account the pellet size and the distance of the tanks. This way we obtain the maximum possible speed without compromising the feed integrity. For more information: FishFarmFeeder Systems SL Carretera de Madrid. 152 36318 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Vigo (Pontevedra), Spain Tel: +34 986 481040 Web: www.fishfarmfeeder.com

Tank configuration screen. The 3FS software also keeps records of all the actions that the machines, the amount of feed sent, the hour of the shot and the tank fed among many other

registered details. All these registered tables can be exported to external applications such as Excel for superior traceability. Historical feeding screen. In addition all the alerts and alarms in the machine with the date and time at which they were produced are stored for later diagnosis.

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

A roundup of seafood news delivered for free seafood@nisamedia.com

Page 14

Innovation

Innovation Aquafeed Lean Mixing process with innovative transport of powders, granules and granulates EASIER TO INTEGRATE, GENTLER AND LESS EXPENSIVE MIXING CONCEPT Dinnissen Process Technology has already built an enviable reputation for delivering sophisticated solutions for mixing powders, granules and granulates. Dinnissen is launching its new Lean Mixing concept with a new and integrated transport system that can be more easily integrated and is gentler and less expensive than the pneumatic transport systems specially usual in the aqua feed industry.

process, the finished product goes through an automatic metal check and sieve check, after which it is transported further via an automated big bag filling system or a filling system optimized for the final packaging step. If desired, this can be carried out in a high-care environment. These processes are also carried out with the help of gravity, thereby saving energy and minimizing the use of moving parts. Last but not least, the Lean Mixing Concept is also designed to be very Easy-to-Clean, which is why the mixer, hopper, sieve, and metal check unit are all fitted with a side guidance system, making it possible to easily and quickly access and clean all interior parts and components.

TOTAL MIXING CONCEPT WITHOUT THE DISADVANTAGES OF PNEUMATIC TRANSPORT The Lean Mixing concept offers a total and integrated solution for mixing powders, granules and granulates, including a highly effective and efficient system for transporting the raw ingredients as well as the finished product. This new concept allows for a totally integrated mixing and transport process without having to resort to pneumatic transport with all the related disadvantages such as increased risk of product damage, higher energy costs, higher contamination risks, and extra handling. Lean Mixing utilizes big bags in which the ingredients have to be lifted only once. Once the big bags are hoisted, they are transported via an automatic route guidance system to the proper unloading position on the transfer station and unloaded. The process operator then attaches the big bags to the discharging stations in a particle-free environment, connecting them to FeederValves specially developed by Dinnissen. These cost-efficient and fully

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

For more information: Dinnissen BV Horsterweg 66 NL-5975 NB Sevenum The Netherlands Web: www.dinnissen.nl

integrated dosage valves ensure that the dosage ingredients are precisely weighed out when leaving the bag or entering the production process and can handle a wide range of capacities from 6 kg per hour to as much as 50 tons per hour.

COST-EFFICIENT AND EASY TO CLEAN MIXING METHOD The Lean Mixing Concept also integrates the well-known double-shaft Pegasus® Mixer, which gently suspends powders, granules and granulates in the air while mixing them. The unique fluidized zone that is created in the process makes this multifunctional processing unit the perfect tool for mixing ingredients extremely accurately, gently, quickly, and energy-efficiently. After the mixing

HIGHER QUALITY END PRODUCT Dinnissen’s Lean Mixing concept is easier to integrate into existing production processes and also requires significantly less space when set up in a new environment. Initial investment costs are therefore much lower. Lean Mixing consumes less energy and is easier to clean than comparable pneumatic transport systems and therefore reduces operating costs. As the transport process is extremely gentle, the materials handled, including powders, granules and granulates, suffer less breakage and damage, resulting in a higher-quality end product. For more information about Lean Mixing go to: www.dinnissen.nl.

Page 15

www.aairmc.com mailto:info@aairmc.com

http://icbf2014.sls.hw.ac.uk/

mailto:info@eurasiafairs.com

www.eurasiafairs.com

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

Page 16

Vacuum Infusion

For more information:

Vacuum Infusion Vacuum infusion is a commonly utilized avenue for achieving oil infusion and coating of pellets. The requirement for vacuum is product dependant based on the amount of oil to be utilized. Flexibility from a vacuum infusion mixer is becoming more important as customer and consumer expectations are rising. This means accurate liquid coatings along with powder coatings and appearance are critical to product acceptance. The information below is based on our experience with vacuum infusion mixer/coaters. Liquid additions are a challenging subject. Temperature of the pellets and the absorption rate of the pellets should be considered when determining the best avenue to utilize. For example, on cold pellets, you can simply slug load

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

A&J Mixing International Inc. 8-2345 Wyecroft RD Oakville Ontario Canada L6L6L4Â Tel: + 1 905 8277288 Web: www.ajmixing.com

the oil into the mixer and take advantage of the pellet movement in the mixer to wipe the liquid from pellet to pellet (assuming you have an adequate amount of liquid available). On hot pellets, you can also slug load if you have an adequate amount of liquid with the key being getting the liquid into the coater quickly. For smaller liquid amounts, it would be better to utilize a spraying system as the pellets will be hot and quickly absorb any droplets of oil that come into contact. Most suppliers will not admit it, but achieving accurate coatings on hot pellets below 5% addition is tough. There are occasions where customers do not have sufficient oil available for a covering of the surface area of the pellets including the ends, do not utilize the proper liquid addition techniques, and are attempting to use a

technology not ideally suited for accurate coatings resulting with a salt and pepper appearance at atmosphere. In some instances, they attempt vacuum infusion with the inclination that vacuum will solve their coating issue. Unfortunately, this is not the case. What oil amount do you consider vacuum? The correct answer is it depends on the hardness of the extrusion. We feel a coater should provide a wide range of coating/mixture capability both atmospherically and under vacuum with hot and cold pellets. Usually, up to 12% you are atmospherically adding the oil on extruded pellets before you consider

Page 17

Vacuum Infusion

vacuum. If your pellets are too wet when coated to go straight to packaging or the liquid addition amount causes pooling in the bag, you should use vacuum. A good general rule is if you can’t get it on, you can’t get it in meaning if you do not have enough liquid to coat the complete pellet, vacuum is not the correct choice. On the smaller oil additions, you are not achieving an enrobing or coating of the pellets, you are endeavoring to achieve the most accurate mixture possible by presenting the kibbles into the spraying zone numerous times per minute allowing the nozzles to have the best opportunity to get droplets of oil onto each kibble. A high performance mixer coater will be well worth the investment for a broad range of coatings and powder additions as each step is completed with a minimal amount of residency time in the machine with the rotors turning. The longer you operate the mixer rotors, the greater the opportunity for generation of fines. We have added 22 grams of fan enzyme on pellet mill pellets very close in size as those utilized in horse feed. The enzyme was cut 5:1 providing us with ½ liter to spray, achieving a Cv of 6.4% when spraying the liquid over 20 seconds atmospherically in our atmospheric coater. Under vacuum with extruded pellets, we have produced 40% feeds. Our approach to liquid additions is to provide a series of spray systems based on your profile of liquid additions. For example up to 5%, 5% to 10%, then above 10% to maximum liquid addition requested. A typical arrangement is to have liquid pressure vessels mounted on a frame which is on load cells. We then use an air over principle to empty the liquid tanks. This ensures you have the proper pressure in the pipes for efficient nozzle performance and the complete volume of liquid per your recipe is added to the pellets. When the tanks are empty, we blow to clear the pipe and for an additional 10 seconds to eliminate any drops and clean the nozzles. Over 10% we utilize a clog free mass flow distribution pipe which is designed to slug load the liquid into the mixer in 30 seconds.

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

Weighing of liquids in itself has excellent payback. Most customers buy their liquid by weight, so if you sell by weight, it negates the effect of the liquid bulk density changes, which on some oils can be as much as 3%. Sizing of your system will be dependant on the number of coatings, vacuum required for all coatings or not, powder additions, and your hourly production rate required. For example, if you can mix all of the liquids for application under vacuum and draw vacuum once and spray liquids once, the machine is a smaller size as your cycle time is shorter. Typically, this is not the case. Typically, draw vacuum, apply the first liquid, apply the second liquid, then release over 20 seconds. Once to atmosphere, you can add another liquid and/or a powder coating. As you start adding up the time required for each step in the process, the size of the mixer increases.

industry who feel you have only the vacuum pump directly on the coater. The mixer coater you choose is critical. We utilize a twin rotor high performance mixer with an ability to mix to Cv of 5% with 30 seconds of mix time. The rotors have the ability to create an amount of voids in dry powders equivalent to the batch size with each revolution. This is important for accuracy on the smaller coatings as defined above, as well as a benefit for getting the larger coatings completed fast. The rotor does not generate any heat or shear and we design out the pinch points. Unique to our design is we manufacture to ASME pressure vessel standards which results in the mixer drawing vacuum consistently from batch to batch, year after year.

It will benefit your coater provider to have an understanding of the complete range of coatings you desire. You do not run the mixer while drawing vacuum or releasing as you are just wearing down the kibbles and creating fines. We feel it is important to draw vacuum as fast as possible and start applying liquids to avoid the flash off of moisture in the pellets. For our systems, we design with a vacuum accumulation tank and the vacuum pump to draw vacuum on the mixer in 30 seconds to -920 millibar. We are unique in this approach. There are others in the

Page 18

Vacuum Infusion

The coater is a low profile with approximately 250 mm available over the rotor to the outlet of the spray nozzles for accurate liquid additions. This also results in a smaller cavity to evacuate air. We provide minimum two hinged and clamped side access doors for cleaning, inspection, and maintenance of the machine. Discharging the mixer is via two flush mounted port doors, one per side of the mixer, typically located in the middle section of the mixer. We provide a small transition hopper to a vacuum rated valve. Another unique feature to our system is we draw vacuum on this transition hopper which keeps the discharge doors from being pulled into the mixer creating a breakage point for pellets. It also adds to the longevity of the gasket materials and door arrangement. By keeping the mixer as low profile as possible and our discharge transition small, we can utilize smaller vacuum pumps and our systems will utilize less building space. Vacuum is pulled between the two vacuum rated Orifice Gate valves mentioned above. These valves are customized for us.

hopper, divide by two, adjust the coatings and finish off the pellets that were in the hopper. This allows you to use all of the pellets produced rather than relegating the remainder for rework or disposal. Powder coatings after all of the liquids have been added to the pellets is popular. This can be achieved in the mixer coater utilizing a feeder system which cascades the powder over the pellets in the machine. Utilizing the movement created by the rotor above, you can achieve an accurate distribution of the powder across the batch of pellets. It is very important to utilize excellent quality valves and ancillary components in your system. They require a little more in initial investment, however the longevity of each component will provide you with an excellent return on your investment. The old adage â&#x20AC;&#x201C; you get what you pay for applies here. Choosing a supplier who is providing you with a complete coating system, including controls is an asset. With the system, one

supplier can ensure all of the components fit together properly and perform a shop check out of the equipment before it arrives at your facility. Your supplier should also advise you of what your obligations for the system are as well. There will still be a few days with factory personnel on site for starting up your system, but the duration of the start up can be minimized if a shop checkout is performed. A&J Mixing International have authored a Consumers Guide for Choosing a Vacuum Coater as an educational service. Our approach to systems and mixers is unique as we customize our equipment on a regular basis. We are innovators, not copiers. The guide is available free of charge upon request via e-mail. In closing, your system should provide you with a complete range of coatings with repeatable, predictable performance while achieving an excellent return on your investment. An efficient well built system will not only provide you with longevity but also the lowest cost per ton to produce.

For added efficiency of the system, it is important to have a hopper on load cells located above the mixer coater sized to hold two batches of pellets. Once the hopper is holding two batches, we will start the batching sequence by weighing a batch of kibbles into the mixer which is also on load cells. As part of the control system, we will then monitor the weight of kibbles in the hopper and if there are no changes over an n minute period, the system will ask if we would like to initiate an end of run sequence. This is also a unique feature of our systems. We take the weight in the

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

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2014

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Expo List

Events in detail April FHL Generalforsamling 2014 April 2nd- 3rd Trondheim, Norway www.fhl.no/norwegian-seafood-federati on/ Victam Asia 2014 April 8th - 10th Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre, BITEC, Bangkok Thailand www.victamasia.com Food & Hotel Asia 2014 April 8-11th Singapore Expo Singapore www.foodnhotelasia.com Offshore Mariculture Conference 2014 April 9th – 11th Naples Italy www.offshoremariculture.com VIV/Ildex India 2014 April 23rd - 25th Bangalore India www.viv.net

AQUACYPRUS 2014 May 15th - 17th The Chateu Lambousa Hotel Girne Cyprus www.aquacyprus2014.com Aquaponics Master Class May 15th - 17th Montello USA VIV EUROPE 2014 May 20th – 22nd Jaarbeurs Utrecht Netherlands www.viv.net Tuna 2014 May 21st -23rd Shangri-La Hotel Bangkok Thailand www.tunatradeconference.com THAIFEX-World of food ASIA 2014 May 21st - 25th The Challenger, IMPACT, Muang Thong Thani Bangkok Thailand www.thailandfoodfair.com

May Seafood Expo Global (ESE) May 6th - 8th Brussels Expo Brussels Belgium www.seafoodexpo.com The Asian Aquaculture Insurance & Risk Management Conference – AAIRM 2014 May 13th – 15th The Sheraton Hotel and Towers Kowloon Hong Kong www.aairmc.com Sial China 2014 May 13th -15th Shanghai New International Expo Centre Shanghai China www.sialchina.com

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

WorldFood Azerbaijan May 22nd - 24th Baku Expo Center Baku Azerbaijan www.worldfood.az International Symposium on Fish Nutrition & Feed May 25th - 30th Cairns Convention Centre Cairns Australia www.isfnf2014.org 5th Aquatech: Aquaculture Expo & Convention Philippines 2014 May 29th - 30th Dagupan City Philippines www.facebook.com/AquatechPhils#stha sh.WTG6n0il.dpuf

Skipper Expo Int May 30th - 31st Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Centre Aberdeen Scotland UK www.maramedia.ie June Aquaculture Canada June 1st - 4th St. Andrews, NB Canada www.aquacultureassociation.ca Future Fish Eurasia June 5th – 7th International Izmir Fair Centre, Hall2 Izmir Turkey www.future-fish.com WORLD AQUACULTURE 2014 June 7th – 11th Adelaide Convention Centre Adelaide Australia www.was.org 4th International Conference on Algal Biomass, Biofuels and Bioproducts June 15th - 18th Santa Fe Convention Center Santa Fe New Mexico USA www.algalbbb.com AquaVision June 16th -18th Stavanger Norway www.aquavision.org July IIFET 2014 Australia -International conference on Fisheries and aquaculture Economics July 7-11th QUT Gardens Point Brisbane Australia Web: www.iifet2014.org

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Expo List

Events in detail Aquaponics Master Class July 24th – 26th Montello USA International Conference on Fisheries Sciences 2014 July 28th - 29th Colombo www.marinfish.org August 11th International Congress on the Biology of Fish August 3th – 7th Heriot Way University Edinburgh UK http://icbf2014.sls.hw.ac.uk VietFish August 6th - 8th Saigon Exhibition & Convention Center (SECC) Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam www.en.vietfish.com.vn 144th Annual Meeting of the American Fisheries Society August 17th-21st The Québec City Convention Centre Québec Canada http://afs2014.org/ Larval Fish Conference August 17th - 21st Québec City Convention Centre Quebec Canada www.larvalfishcon.org Nor-Fishing Expo 2014 August 19th - 22nd Trondheim Norway www.nor-fishing.no Tenth International Conference on Recirculating Aquaculture August 22nd – 24th The Hotel Roanoke and Conference Center in Roanoke Virginia USA www.recircaqua.com/icra.html

Aquaculture Scoop April 2014

September 10th International Conference on Recirculating Aquaculture September 2nd - 4th Wanchai Hong Kong www.seafoodexpo.com/asia WorldFood Istanbul September 4th - 7th Istanbul Expo Center CNR Expo Istanbul Turkey www.ite-turkey.com Aquaponics Master Class September 18th - 20th Montello USA VIV China September 23rd – 25th New China International Exhibition Center (NCIEC) Beijing China www.viv.net Seafood Expo Southern Europe September 22nd - 24th Fira de Barcelona Barcelona Spain www.seafoodexpo.com Icelandic Fisheries Exhibition 2014 September 25th - 27th Kópavogur Iceland www.icefish.is

Skipper Expo Int October 10th - 11th Bournemouth International Centre (BIC) Bournemouth UK www.maramedia.ie Aquaculture Europe 2014 October 14th – 17th San Sebastian Spain www.easonline.org Aqua Sur 2014 October 22nd – 25th Puerto Montt Chile www.aqua-sur.cl/aqua_sur_en/ Indonesia International Seafood & Processing Expo October 29th – 31st Bali Nusa Dua Convention Centre Bali www.iisp2014.com BioMarine International Business Convention October 30th - 31st Estoril Congress Center Cascais Portugal www.biomarine.org November China Fisheries & Seafood Expo November 5th - 7th Qingdao International Convention Center Qingdao China www.chinaseafoodexpo.com

October Conxemar October 7th - 9th IFEVI - Avda. do Aeroporto Vigo Spain www.conxemar.com

EuroTier 2014 November 11th - 14th Hanover Germany www.eurotier.com Aquaponics Master Class 13th - 15th November Montello USA

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