Jacob Yates 2020 Portfolio
BA(Hons) Architecture Liverpool School of Art and Design
Contents BA Year 3 Semester 2: Comprehensive Design Project
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BA Year 3 Semester 1: Weather of Not 42
Liverpool Performing Arts School - 3rd Year Semester 2 3
Concept
The Brief is to design a new performing arts school with connections to the current university buildings at LJMU. Performing arts include ; drama, music, musical theatre and dance. The new Liverpool Performing Arts School will provide courses in drama and musical theatre. I first started to look at the 6 movements of ballet and creating shapes from these movements. This enabled me to help create a flexible form from these movements. I then focused on Tourne (to turn) and abstracted this movement to create a cricle. The circular image is my interpretation of a pirouette in a plan view. I have then stretched this into a spring like shape. I have then Enclosed the cylinder with a spiral.
Tourne - To turn
Tendu - To stretch
Pile - To bend
Sante - To jump
Releve - To rise
I have then taken the fundimentals of ballet further as this feet postioning is the basic foundation of ballet called first postion.
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This feet position has then been abstracted orthoganally to create two rectangles that are close to being perpindicular to each other.
Glissade - To glide
These rectangles have helped to influence the shape of the studios of my building where students will learn the fundamentals of their art form in a shape that has been inspired by the fundamentals of ballet.
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Massing Models
Lobby Studios Theatre Workshop
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This is a massing model where I have given each function its own individual identity through different geometry.
I have carried on working with the idea of giving each function individuality and creating a larger single courtyard and started to work on the pirouetting theatre.
This idea is quite similar to the last however I have created a larger courtyard by moving the studio area it does take up more of the site but still not the whole site which allows the rest of the site to be used to create other university buildings. I also started to play with pitched rooves to emulate some of the context.
In this model I played with right angles creating a rectangular courtyard as right angles shapes are easier to manipulate to be mulit functional / flexible spaces. The corner blocks are circulation towers allowing people to travel vertically through the building and are raised the greatest so that visitors are able to gain access to the roof, where further performances can take place. 2020 Portfolio Jacob Yates 7
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSIONForm starts to play with different shaped blocks as around a drum all set at missmatched angles.
Pirouetting spiral to allow access to the roof. Extruded flight tower exposed to the city.
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Pushed in to allow more roof access on different levels.
Extruded to shade the entrance and cause less over heating.
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Western block zigzags to allow northern light into the studios. PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Roof access to create more spaces where performances could be held.
PRODUCED PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSIO
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Enclosing the ramp to the drum to add more layering to the building to make it unified.
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Uniformed clad where the building fits to the module of the clad. Inspired by Richard Meier.
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
Site
This site is shown by the red line and the blue line represents a larger site which is currently being built on as a new large LJMU campus.
Education Adelphi Hotel Residential Lime Street Station Mount Pleasant Car Park Site Plan1:1250 10
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The site was originallly a residential area with back to back housing and a cathedral north of the site. In the 50’s the site transforms into an urban diary farm in the heart of the city with some residential areas around. By 1990 the dairy farm was derelict and north of the site the cities head post office was formed. Site Plan 1890 1:2500
Site Plan 1950 1:2500
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Site Plan 1990 1:2000
3D Context
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The creation of new pedestrian paths to create a LJMU campus on the Brownlow hill site 1:1250 Future LJMU sites
Proposed performing arts site
Figure ground of LJMU owned buildings in relation to the site 1:2500 14
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Existing LJMU buildings
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2 10 1 - Studio / Lecture Rooms A space where students have lectures and can practice their performances. These spaces have harliquin sprung floors to not damage dancers joints. 2 - Chair Storage Connected to the studios, where chairs are stored when lectures arent in progress in that room. 3 - Toilets 4 - Storage 16
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5 - Lobby The entrance to the building which includes a Cafe during the day that turns into a bar during the night the space is big enough to also hold small performances which can be enjoyed from the above floor or the lobby itself. 6 - Workshop Where sets are made for performances that the school holds. 7 - Textiles Workspace Where costumes are created for the schools performances.
1st Floor Plan 1:500
8 - Cafe Kitchen 9 - Roof space 10 - Mezzanine Looks over the lobby and is another area which has a cafe and a bar during the evening. 11 - Changing Pods Personal pods where actors can change into their characters. 12 - Group Changing Where actors groups of actors change there are two rooms for male or female but they can be turned into one room.
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13 - Prop Storage 14 - Clothes Storage 15 - Courtyard An open space that is well connected to the ground floor and students have the ability to perform there and can be accessed from any point on the ground floor due to the sliding doors.
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16 - Theatre Where students perform their work to an outside audience.
2nd Floor Plan 1:500
17 - Quick Change Part of the back stage machine where actors change into new costumes ready for the next scene.
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1 - Studio / Lecture Rooms A space where students have lectures and can practice their performances. These spaces have harliquin sprung floors to not damage dancers joints. 2 - Chair Storage Connected to the studios, where chairs are stored when lectures arent in progress in that room. 3 - Toilets 4 - Storage 18
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3rd Floor Plan 1:500
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4th Floor Plan 1:500 5 - Roof space A social area for students where they can relax or perform outside. 6 - Exterior ampitheatre Where performances are held on top of the theatre using the dramatic fly tower to set the scene is accessed from the pirouetting ramp.
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Section 1 - 1:200
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Section 2 - 1:200
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Section 3 - 1:200
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Internal Renders 1 - Lobby This view is highlighting how the ramp enters the space and the contrast of materials with the warmth and comfort of the wood compared to the coolness of the concrete ramp. 2 - Studio
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This is of the western studio where the windows are angled north west to allow for more even light to flood the warm to help concentrate on the students lectures or performances. 3 - Theatre Where the main performances are held the chair units are bolted together so that they can be arranged in multiple different ways. The theatre also makes use of timber throughout giving the theatre a warm bright feel. 4 - Changing room A space where actors get changed and have their own person pod to get prepared for show time. The circulation in this space is free flowing. 2020 Portfolio Jacob Yates 29
This image is an exploaded axoneme The design uses four different cladding materials this is two represent the four different shapes that y building. I have used 3 different types of stone a sand stone slate and lime stone. The interior of the whole b coming through it meaning giving it a softer appearnce. The building plays with these contrasting materia interior an
The drum however uses timber as the curvature is soft and that material comp
However the ramp is made from concrete which is a harsher material but it has been used to contrast wood. It has also been used as it starts off as a fluid material which represents the curvature
Each stone panel fits to a 1m by 1m module and so does each window. I began to play with this ide looking at some of Meiers work. I also thought that the idea of the module worked well to contrast the curv but it also compliments the modularity of the theatre and workshop. Each 1 by 1 module is actually 975 create a 50mm shadow gap to highlight the
This building has been designed to perform in this is why there is so much open roof space for students to p environments and can also perform in th
One key part of this building is its connection to nature that has been highlighted through the use of na stone and timber but also through the fact that the building is very open to the outside world from the grou the
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etric of my design. you can find in the building has timber als of having a soft nd a hard exteriror.
pliments the shape.
the warmth of the e of the ramp well.
ea of modules after vature of the drum 5mm by 975mm to e cladding further.
perform in different he open courtyard.
atural materials like und floor as well as roof accessability.
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Structure of the drum
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
The frame is made from timber glu is cross braced with steel. The top theatre is located which needs to This has been made possible du being 1.2m STUDENT VERSION
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
ulam coloumns and beams and p floor of the drum is where the The outer shell is made from glulam coloumns which raise up to a o have a large columnless area. clt ring which has steel rods that suspend the concrete ramp from ue to the depth of the beams the floor. The ramp is also tied into the inner shells structure for extra m thick. support. PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK
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A timber structure in the west studio which makes use of glulam beams and columns with a cross laminated timber slab (CLT) as well as a CLT load bearing wall. 36
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Joining of coloumns to beams 1:50
An exploaded axonemetric of the studio structure. 2020 Portfolio Jacob Yates 37
Detailed Design 4
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3D detail of section 2 1:20 Highlighting the shadow gaps which have been created by the clad 3
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Section 1 1:50 8
1 - Cross laminated timber (CLT) 2 - Insulation 3 - Damp proof membrane 4 - Water proof membrane 5 - Concrete 6 - Steel channels 7 - Steel plates 8 - Reinforced Steel 9 - Timber clad 10 - Hardcore
These two details highlight my key detailed design decisions one of which was inbedding a handrail in the concrete ramp so that there is not a break in the materials from the passer by. Another key decision that I am showing is how the ramp is structurally viable with this large post which connects to a timber ring where a steel rod connects to the concrete ramp in tension giving the illusion that this ramp is hung from the building when in actual fact it is also tied to the internal structure of the building as well so is also in horiziontal compression. One key componenet of my design is the stone cladding which is all set to a 1 x 1m module each module has a 25 mm gap creating a shadow gap which then highlights this module from a distance. A final key design decision is making the roofs flat so that they can be utilised as social spaces because the roof can be considered to be a waste of space if it is pitched. By making the roofs accessable it means that there is no wasted space at all troughout this building.
11 - Sand Bed 12 - Screed 13 - Polished concrete floor finish 14 - Steel rod 15 - Pin 16 - Stones 17 - Timber decking 18 - Timber window frame 19 - Sand stone clad 20 - Thermal break pad 21 - Glass 2020 Portfolio Jacob Yates 39
Section 3 shows h section the buildin This is achieved b 4 floors of the buil happens on the le with windows on t air escaping. Ther under floor heatin has a south facing heat and un com which will create facing walls of the bearing, as it face create a thermal Section 3 1:500 but when the tem released into the
The design of the sure that the stud northern light they the softer natural western studios ha and the windows spaces so that pe
Another integural and not used the allow soft green s help reduce the c roof space in my then collect the ra roof.
2nd Floor Plan 1:500 40
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The building also m used in the buildin centre it has the a reduce gas and e the water. The ph
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how the buiding is naturally ventilated. On the right of the ng uses a mixture of a stack ventilation and cross ventilation. by the building having a large void which crosses through all lding which then creates a stack effect. The cross ventialition eft of the building where there is a wide spannging room the 1st floor which let cool air come into the building and hot re is also a heating system where the building makes use of ng during the colder winter and autmn months. The building g facade which in summer would make the studios over mfortable to combat this the roof garden has a slight cantiliver a shadow effect with the sharp summer sun angle. The south e studio are made from reinforced concrete which is load es south it blocks the harsh light from the studio and helps to mass so the sun heat is stored in the concrete during the day mperatures drop at night the heat from the concrete is then room keeping it warmer for the morning.
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
section was heavily influenced with the orientation. I made dios were north facing. To make sure that each studio got y became off set from eachother exposing themselves to northern light which makes it easier focus. On the plans the ave these solid fins which block out the harsher southern light s face north west to help create soft light in these working erformers do not become distracted by the harshser light.
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION Axonemetric
l point of my design is how I have created an open courtyard e whole site. By creating an open courtyard it has helped to spaces in my design an area where plants are able to grow to carbon dioxide in the city centre. I have also utilised all of the building and have opened them up to greenery which will ain water to grow the hedges and other small plants on the
makes use of photovoltaics which help to heat water that is ngs toilets. As the building is located in the middle of the city ability to be easily connected to the cities water supply but to electricity usage the building will make use of the sun to warm hoto volataics are located on the un utilised roof. PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION
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Weather or Not - 3rd Year Semester 1 42
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1:500 44
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The proposed site is in Hebden Bridge which is situated between Manchester and Leeds. Hebden Bridge is in the county of Yorkshire. The site itself is to the east of the town centre and is a car park which is on the bed of the Rochdale canal. With the site being close to the canal it means that the site will flood with continuous rainfall. The main wind direction in the town is from the North West. The shadows on the plan are from noon on the 22nd of December which is when the site will get the most over shadowing, however you can see that the main over shadowing is coming from the nursery to the left of the site. The shadows are minimal as there is an open field to the south of the site. A view of the field must be utilised in any proposed design. The site has a large area which is south facing so would get a lot of harsh light during the middle of the day.
Historically Hebden Bridge had a lot of working mills due to the fact that the town has a lot of running water going through it. (canals and rivers) These mills all had large chimneys where a lot of green house gasses would have been released and can be seen all over the town as they have been listed. To the east of the site, it is a residential building. The building uses stone from a local quarry. To the west of the site is a nursery the building was an old mill so has a chimney on soaring in the sky, the building also makes use of local stone.
Hotel’s
Hebden Bridge Visitor & Canal
Restaurants
Residential
Croft Mill Apartments (Old Mill)
Nursery (Old Mill)
Residential
Boat Hire
Picture House B&B Rochdale Canal
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Concept
The orginal mass started as a block with which is 40 X 8 X 6 this is because a depth of plan of 8m allows interior spaces to be well lit through natural light. The length of the mass is 40m so that the nearby nursery can still be accessed.
The site typically floods anually and to combat this the building is raised 3m. The mass is then split in half creating a public and private zone. By raising the building it creates an undercroft. The green is a connecting bridge to allow users to cross between the public an private zones. The roof is then angled to allow rain to fall dramatically on the south facade.
A major problem with raising the building is that it creates a dark undercroft. A way I’ve comabatted this is by chamfering the seminar room and have a stainless steel which reflects the sun light to give more light to the undercroft. A chimney has been created which is lined with reflective material to reflect the sun light to the undercroft. 46
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The cafe is then lowered to grown level which then gives customers an outside space for the summer months.
Chimney Development Hebden Bridge is home to a lot of abondoned chimneys which no longer have any use to be contextual to the surroundings the building should have a chimney. This chimney should capture sunlight to create allow natural light underneath the building. The chimeny should also naturally ventilate the building. This model is a section of the building showing ideas for the form of the proposed chimeny. It uses stainless steel to reflect the sunlight underneath creating a powerful spot of light. This idea opens the chimney up to the light above and the chimney then gets smaller the lower the floor. This concept means that the area of usable space will be smaller on the higher floor. Reducing the area of potential space.
This model has a smaller opening to light which then expands the lower it goes giving the underpass much more light. However this reduces the available area below durastically. The light that the underpass would recieve would make the effect of the chimney more dramatic.
The model above has a consistent circumfrance meaning it takes up the same amount of space through out the building. The chimney is cut on an angle to allow more sun to enter it and also reduced the amount of shadow from the lower part of the chimney to allow more natural light through the chimney.
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Winter Solstice at 12pm
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Summer Solstice at 12pm
This design was looking at reducing the footprint of the buildings undercroft by seperating the the building in two and creating a connecting bridge. The shadow in winter is non existent however in summer the undercroft is in complete shadow. This massing model was playing with the idea of creating multuple light tubes or chimenys which gives the undercroft a multiple spot lights. The roof was then angled to allow these holes to catch more light.
This design is a combination of the two above. Seperating the two parts of the building and then creating a spotlight on each part of the building.
This idea was to create a 45 degree angle to reduce the overshadowing and allowing the sun to pass underneath the building creating a bright space.
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Ground Floor Plan - 1:200 400mm Contours
1 - Exterior Exhibition Enters from ground floor level showing the public the dangers of their everyday habits. 2 - Cafe Specialising in sustainabilty using non disposable crockery and recycling coffee grounds for compost.
3 - Outside Cafe An exterior area for people to sit and experience the calmness of the canal.
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2nd Floor Plan - 1:200 1 - Staff Office Where volunteers and paid staff organise guest speakers and exhibitions. 2 - Reception / Lobby Where guests and workers enter the building and are greeted. 3 - Seminar Room A space where guest presenters talk about research on the effects that climate change have on day to day life.
4 - Laboratory Where scientists research the damage of a warming planet. 5 - Laboratory Storage Cupboard. Where the lab equipment is stored 6 - Meeting Room Where meetings take place to discuss the day to day running of the centre. As well as interviews for future permenant staff. 7 - Interior Exhibtion Showing research and local art work of the effects of climate change. 2020 Portfolio Jacob Yates 51
Sections
The structure of the undercroft changes material to a stainless steel to be able to reflect the sun light from the water down to the out door cafe area.
Section A - 1:200
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This section shows the prominant chimney which opens up to the light which then tunnels the light to the underpass creating a spot light on the an important piece in the exterior exhibition space. The chimney also disperses light on it’s way through the building. The section also shows the different layers of material in the building with the outer layer being the corten steel the inner layer being the cork insulation and the horizontal slab being made from cross laminated timber.
Section B - 1:200
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Section C - 1:500
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South Elevation - 1:500
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North Elevation - 1:200
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Canal Side View
Private Lobby Space
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Seminar Room
Exhibition Room
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Corten Steel
+ The oxidised layer of the material protects the steel underneath giving the material longevity + Corten steel has a high structural strength - Corten steel comes from an iron ore so is not a renewable source of material - COR - TEN is a company in the US and companies in the UK distribute Embodied energy of corten steel 40 MJ/kg
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Cross Laminated Timber + Cross laminated timber (CLT) is made from soft woods such as pine making the material more sustainable as soft woods grow faster than hard woods + CLT is light weight compared to concrete and has a similar strength to concrete having the ability to replace concrete + CLT also has a reduced thermal bridge as the timber is a conductor - The glue used to laminate the material is plastic based meaning it uses oil which is not a renewable source of materials - CLT is relatively new in the Uk and can be hard to find, it is fabricated mostly in Germany so has to be shipped to this country giving a long travel time
Cork Block
+ Cork comes from a cork oak tree and is the bark from the tree which is harvested every 9 years the tree itself is never chopped down and has a lifespan of over 200 years making cork a very renewable material + The cork blocks are made from waste products of cork stoppers + Cork is a very good natural insulator with a thermal conductivity of 0.037 w/mk - 80% of cork oak trees come from Spain and Portugal meaning that the harvested cork has to travel a long distance although there are distributors in Yorkshire Cork has an embodied energy of 30 MJ/kg
The structure is interesting as the skin and the structure of the building is the same material this creates a cold structure. The difficulties with a cold structure is the fear of thermal bridging which is why I have used CLT as it is a slight insulator compared to concrete which is a conductor. To spread the strain which the corten would be under I have made the internal walls out of CLT which is bearing the load of the building. Load bearing CLT wall
Load bearing Corten Steel Cork
CLT slab
Steel column
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Ground and 1st Floor Plan - 1:500 The shortest width of the building is 8 meters and the longest width is 12 meters with the depth of the plan being short it means that natural light is able to travel through the whole building. This is shown on the 1st floor.
With the building being raised from the ground it means that the building has a small footprint on the ground which allows the site to open up and can be used as a green space where trees and shrubs can be planted to help reduce the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. This reduction of carbon is very useful for air quality especially in urban areas.
The building has a reduced material pallet with the main materials being corten steel, cork and cross laminated timber. Two of these materials are renewable and are natural replacements for fibre glass insulation or concrete which release a lot of carbon into the atmosphere.
Section 1 highlights the summer and winter sun angles and the effect the sun has on the design. The section also shows how the building is naturally ventilated through windows being able to be open or closed depending on what the temperature is. One key part of the building is its chimney which is lined with stainless steel which reflects light which is channeled to the undercroft, the light is also transferred through perferations in the chimney. These perferations also help to naturally ventilate the building. The building also collects grey water which is then used in the toilets of the building. The design is defensive against its micro-climate as the site is on the bed of the canal it is liable to flooding so the building is raised to so that it can still function even when the site is under water. 62
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Section 1 - 1:100
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9 1. 150mm thick corten steel
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2. Thermal break pad 3. Bolt welded to corten steel
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4. Steel plate
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5. 500mm diameter steel tube welded to stainless steel
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6. 150 mm thick stainless steel welded to corten steel
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7. Cork blocks 8. 300mm thick cross laminated imber slab
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9. Triple glazed window 10. Timber frame for triple glazed window 11. Damp proof membrane
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