As You [7] by AS YOU e-magazine

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N7/ 2013

N 7 / 2013

ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ As you

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êÇñ»ÉÇ ÁÝÃ»ñóáÕ, §ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦ å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÝ ³ñ¹»Ý »ñÏáõ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ¿: ºñÏ³ÙÛ³ ÷áñÓ³éáõÃÛ³Ùµ áõ ³í»ÉÇ Ù»Í å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïíáõÃÛ³Ùµ` Ó»½ »Ýù Ý»ñÏ³Û³óÝáõÙ Ù»ñ ³í³Ý¹³Ï³Ý Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñÁ Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ, ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ·»Ý¹»ñÇ, ë»é³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý, ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ýóáõ¹³ñÓÇ ¨ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ, áñ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝ ÉÇÝ»É Ù»ñ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ: §ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦-Ý Çñ ï³ñ»¹³ñÓÁ ÝßáõÙ ¿ Ýáñ³ÙáõÍáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ²ÛëáõÑ»ï` §ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛáõÝ¦ Ëáñ³·ñáí Ý»ñÏ³Û³óÝ»Éáõ »Ýù Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ³éÏ³ ³Ý³ñ¹³ñ »ñ¨áõÛÃÝ»ñÝ áõ ³é³ç³ñÏ»Éáõ ¹ñ³Ýó ÑÝ³ñ³íáñ ÉáõÍáõÙÝ»ñ: Ð³í³ï³ñÇÙ ÙÝ³Éáí ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ Ù»ñ ï»ëÉ³Ï³ÝÇÝ ¨ ³é³çÝáñ¹í»Éáí Ñ³ÛïÝÇ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÇã ¶ÉáñÇ³ Ø³Ï³µ³·³É²ññáÛ³ÛÇ Ëáëù»ñáí`§ò³ÝÏ³ÝáõÙ »Ù ³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÉÇÝÇ ³ÛÝù³Ý Ñ³Ù³ï³ñ³Í, áñ ÁÝ¹áõÝíÇ ÝáõÛÝù³Ý ëáíáñ³Ï³Ý, ÇÝãå»ë ³Ý³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ ÑÇÙ³ ÁÝÏ³ÉíáõÙ¦: êÇñáí` §ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦ å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³Ý:

Dear reader, "As you!" e-magazine is already two years old. With two-year experience and greater responsibility, we present you our traditional articles on human rights, sexuality, gender, sexual health, civil society and about people who could bring the change to our society. "As you!" celebrates its anniversary with a novelty: hereinafter "Social Justice" rubric will headline unjust social phenomena and suggest possible solutions to them. Faithfully to our vision of being change and guided by famous politician Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo said: "I want justice to be so pervasive that it will be taken for granted, just as injustice is taken for granted today." With love, "As you!" e-magazine

ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝ civil society

§êáóÇáëÏáå¦ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝ "Socioscope" social research and consultancy center

§§êáóÇáëÏáå¦ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ¦ ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñí»É ¿ 2008Ã.-ÇÝ` ÙÇ ËáõÙµ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ·ÇïÝ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: Î³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ Ýå³ëï»É ÐÐ-áõÙ Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÅáÕáíñ¹³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ïáõé Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·Ç ëï»ÕÍÙ³ÝÁ: Üå³ï³ÏÇÝ Ñ³ëÝ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ §êáóÇáëÏáå¦ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ Çñ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáõÙ ¿ »ñ»ù ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí: ²é³çÇÝÁ` áõëáõÙÝ³ëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõÙÝ ¿ Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ, ÅáÕáíñ¹³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ý, ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ß³ñÅáõÙÝ»ñÇ ¨ Ñ³ñ³ÏÇó áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ: Ð³çáñ¹ áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ ³ÝÙÇç³Ï³Ýáñ»Ý Ï³åí³Í ¿ Ý³Ëáñ¹Ç Ñ»ï, ù³Ý½Ç Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ý³¨ µ³ñÓñ³óÝáõÙ ¿ Ñ³ÝñáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ Çñ³½»Ïí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ: Ð»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÇó ëï³óí³Í ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÁ §êáóÇáëÏáåÁ¦ áã ÙÇ³ÛÝ ³ÏïÇíáñ»Ý ï³ñ³ÍáõÙ ¿ Ñ³ÝñáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏáõÙ` óáõÛó ï³Éáí Çñ³íÇ×³ÏÁ, ³ÛÉ Ý³¨ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý, Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ¨ ¹áÝáñ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, å»ï³Ï³Ý Ï³éáõÛóÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³ÛÉ ß³Ñ³·ñ·Çé ÏáÕÙ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ Ï³ï³ñáõÙ ¿ ËáñÑñ¹³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ` ³é³ç³ñÏ»Éáí Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ µ³ñ»É³í»Éáõ ÑÝ³ñ³íáñ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝ³í»ï ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÁ: ºññáñ¹ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ ·Ý³Ñ³ïáÕ Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ »Ý, áñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óíáõÙ ¿ ½³ñ·³óÙ³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ

“Socioscope” Societal Research and Consultancy Center was founded in 2008 by a group of young social scientists. The aim of the organization is to promote the establishment of a solid human rights and democracy system in Armenia. To achieve the goal “Socioscope” organization carries out its activities through three main directions. First is the implementation of surveys and researches in human rights, democracy, social movements and the related spheres. The next direction is closely linked to the previous one as the organization raises awareness in community level as well. “Socioscope” not only disseminate research results, presenting the current situation, but also consult donor and non-governmental organizations, public agencies and other stakeholders offering possibly effective means for the reality improvement. In the framework of the third major direction,

Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõÙ` ¹ñ³Ýù µ³ñ»É³í»Éáõ áõ áõÅ»Õ³óÝ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: §êáóÇáëÏáåÁ¦ Ñ³Ý¹Çë³ÝáõÙ ¿ §Ð³ñ³íÏáíÏ³ëÛ³Ý Çñ³í³å³ßïå³ÝÝ»ñÇ ó³ÝóÇ¦ ¨ §Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ïáõÝ ºñ¨³Ý¦ ó³ÝóÇ ³Ý¹³Ù: ÀÝ¹Ñ³Ýñ³å»ë, §êáóÇáëÏáå¦-Ç Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÁ É³ÛÝ ¿: úñÇÝ³Ï, Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³Ïó»Éáí Ñ³ÛïÝÇ §´³ó Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÝ»ñ-Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ¦ Ñ»ï, ýáïáÉñ³·ñáÕ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ ³ÝóÏ³óí»É ø³ç³ñ³Ý ù³Õ³ùáõÙ, ø³ç³ñ³Ý ·ÛáõÕáõÙ ¨ §¼³Ý·»½áõñÇ åÕÝÓ³ÙáÉÇµ¹»Ý³ÛÇÝ ÏáÙµÇÝ³ï¦ ö´À-áõÙ, áñÇ ³Ýå³ï³ëË³Ý³ïáõ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ áõ Ï³é³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ý·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ë Ù»Ï ³Ý·³Ù Ù³ïÝ³óáõÛó »Ý ³ÝáõÙ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ó³Íñ Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ:

evaluation researches are carried out with aim to strengthen and improve various development programs. “Socioscope” is member in “The South Caucasus Network of Human Rights Defenders” and the “Human Rights House” in national level. In general, “Socioscope” has a wide cooperation scope. For example, in cooperation with the famous “Open Society Foundations - Armenia” a photojournalistic research was conducted in Qajaran town, Qajarants village and “Zangezur Copper Molybdenum Combine” CJSC: irresponsible activities of the latter and government inactions once again pointed out the low level of human rights protection and social justice in Armenia. One more collaborative initiative: exhibition titled “Human Rights in Camera” was implemented in the Lovers’ park with support of USA

§Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ýáïáËëÇÏáõÙ¦ óáõó³Ñ³Ý¹»ë “Human rights in camera” exhibition

Ø»Ï ³ÛÉ Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³Ïó³ÛÇÝ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛáõÝ. Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ ²ØÜ ¹»ëå³Ý³ï³Ý ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ` §ëÇñ³Ñ³ñÝ»ñÇ ³Û·áõÙ¦ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óí»É ¿ §Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ýáïáËóÇÏáõÙ¦ í»ñÝ³·ñáí óáõó³Ñ³Ý¹»ëÁ, áñáõÙ ï»Õ ·ï³Í Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ³ñï³óáÉáÕ Ñ³ñÛáõñÇó ³í»É Éáõë³ÝÏ³ñÝ»ñáõÙ Ù³ë »Ý Ï³½Ù»É Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ï³ñµ»ñ ßñç³ÝÝ»ñÇó áõÕ³ñÏí³ÍÝ»ñÁ` Ç áõñ³ËáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ½³ñÙ³Ýë Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÇãÝ»ñÇ: Ü»ñÏ³ÛáõÙë Ï»ÝïñáÝÁ Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÙ ¿ ÈáÝ¹áÝÇ ïÝï»ë³·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¹åñáóÇ Ñ»ï: ²Ûë Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ ï³ÉÇë ³é³í»É Ëáñ³óÝ»É Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ·Çï³Ï³Ý áõÕÕí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Þ³ñáõÝ³Ï³Ï³Ý µÝáõÛÃ »Ý ÏñáõÙ Ý³¨ ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý ß³ñÅáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: Þ³ï Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ »Ý ¶ÛáõÉµ»ÝÏÛ³Ý ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÇ ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óí³Í µÝ³å³Ñå³Ý³Ï³Ý ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùÝ»ñÁ: Ð»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ óáõÛó »Ý ïí»É` Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Çñ³½»Ïí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Çñ³í³·Çï³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ áõ Ý»ñ·ñ³í³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÁ ó³Íñ ¿: Ø³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ù»Í Ù³ëÁ ³Ýï³ñµ»ñ ¿ Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å: ²Ýï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý å³ï×³é Ñ³Ý¹Çë³ÝáõÙ ¿ áã ÙÇ³ÛÝ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ å³Ï³ëÁ, ³ÛÉ¨ ï»Õ»Ï³óí³Í ¨ Ù³ëÝ³ÏÇó ÉÇÝ»Éáõ ó³ÝÏáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ó³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ: §êáóÇáëÏáå¦ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ »Ï»É ¿ ³ÛÝ »½ñ³Ñ³Ý·Ù³Ý, áñ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ³Ûë ³Ù»ÝÇó ½³ï áõÝÇ Ñ³í³ïÇ å³Ï³ë Çñ

Embassy in Armenia- to the organizers’ joy and surprise some part of more than hundred photos, reflecting human rights, were sent from the different regions of Armenia. Currently, the center is cooperating with the “London School of Economics and Political Science”. This collaboration gives an opportunity to deepen academic orientation of researches. Civic movement researches are also ongoing. There are very interesting results from the environmental civic initiative research conducted with the “Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation” support. The studies have shown that public awareness, legal consciousness and public participation are very low.

Most people are indifferent to social problems. The reason for apathy is not only lack of knowledge, but also lack of willingness to be

ÇëÏ ³ÝÓÇ, ë»÷³Ï³Ý áõÅ»ñÇ, Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý, å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý, ÇÝãáõ ã¿ Ý³¨ ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ï³ñµ»ñ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å: ²ÏÝÑ³Ûï ¿, áñ ³Ûë ³Ù»ÝÁ ·³ÉÇë ¿ ³í»ÉÇ Éáõñç ËÝ¹ñÇó` Ù³ñ¹áõ ÏáÕÙÇó Çñ ÇëÏ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ãÇÙ³óáõÃÛáõÝÇó: §êáóÇáëÏáåÇ¦ Ù³ëÝ³·»ïÝ»ñÁ Ñ³Ùá½í³Í »Ý, áñ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ³Ûë ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇó Ï³½³ïíÇ ÙÇ³ÛÝ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ ¨ Çñ ÇëÏ áõÅ»ñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ñ³í³ïÇ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·Ù³Ý ¹»åùáõÙ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ, Áëï Ýñ³Ýó, Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ ï³ñ³ÍÙ³Ý Ý»ñÏ³ÛÇë Ó¨Á ÇÝãáñ ã³÷áí ³ñ¹ÛáõÝ³í»ï ã¿: àñå»ë ÉáõÍáõÙ ³é³ç³ñÏáõÙ »Ý Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ë³ËïÙ³Ý §½áÑÇÝ¦ Ù³ëÝ ¹³ñÓÝ»É ³Û¹ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ áõÕÕí³Í ß³ñÅáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç. ³ÛëÇÝùÝ` ûµÛ»ÏïÇó ¹³ñÓÝ»É ·áñÍáÕ ëáõµÛ»Ïï: §ºÃ» áã Ý³, ³å³ ¿É á±í Ï³ñáÕ ¿ Çñ ÝÙ³Ý ½áÑÇÝ Ñ³í³ï áõ íëï³ÑáõÃÛáõÝ Ý»ñßÝã»É ¨° ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ýß³Ñ³ËÝ¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨° Çñ»Ýó å³Ûù³ñÇ Ñ³çáÕáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ×ßÙ³ñï³óÇáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹»å: Ø³ñÇ³Ù ¶¨áñ·Û³ÝÁ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ÉÇÝ»É ÑÇ³Ý³ÉÇ ûñÇÝ³Ï í»ñáÝßÛ³ÉÇÝ: §¾É á±í Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ³é³í»É ÁÝ¹áõÝ»ÉÇ áõ Ñ³Ùá½Çã Ï»ñåáí §ëïÇå»É¦ áõ §Ñ³Ùá½»É»Ï³Ý³Ýó, Çñ ÇëÏ ûñÇÝ³Ïáí, å³ßïå³Ý»Éáõ Çñ»Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ å³Ûù³ñ»Éáõ ¹ñ³Ýó Ñ³Ù³ñ¦,- ÝßáõÙ ¿ §êáóÇáëÏáå¦ ³ßË³ï³ÏÇó ¾í»ÉÇÝ³ ¶ÛáõÉË³Ý¹³ÝÛ³ÝÁ ¨ ³í»É³óÝáõÙ` Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ Ù³ñ¹áõ ÁÝ¹³Ù»ÝÁ å»ïù ¿ ³½ÝÇí ÙÕáõÙ ¨ Ï³Ùù ³Ù»Ý µ³Ý ¹»åÇ É³íÁ ÷áË»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ:

informed and involved. “Socioscope” has come to the conclusion that society has lack of faith to itself, the government, the civil society and its various initiatives. Obviously, this entire results from the more serious problem- a person’s lack to know his/her human rights. “Socioscope” experts are sure that society will get rid of these problems only with help of knowledge and after self-confidence and faith recovery. However, according to them, current methods of knowledge dissemination are somehow ineffective. They offer a solution: to make “victims” of human rights violations a part to these rights struggle movements-that is to make them an acting subject from the stable object. If not that “victim”, than who else can inject faith and confidence to the civil society activities and belief in the success and truth of his struggle to a victim like him. Mariam Gevorgyan can be an excellent example of the above mentioned. “Who else could more acceptably and persuasive “force” and “convince” women to protect their rights and fight for them,-mentioned “Socioscope” specialist Evelina Gyulkhandanyan and added,every human-being needs just an honest drive and will to make a better change”.

Ø³Ý» äáÕáëÛ³Ý Ø³ñÇ³ ²µñ³Ñ³ÙÛ³Ý

Mane Poghosyan Maria Abrahamyan

ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝ civil society

§´»ñ¹Ç Ï³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë Ï»ÝïñáÝ¦ ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³Ù "Berd Women’s Resource Center" foundation

Ð³Û-³¹ñµ»ç³Ý³Ï³Ý ÑÛáõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ë³ÑÙ³ÝÇó ÁÝ¹³Ù»ÝÁ 9ÏÙ Ñ»é³íáñáõÃÛ³Ùµ ·ÁïÝíáÕ ´»ñ¹ ù³Õ³ùáõÙ Ï³Ý³Ûù ÏÛ³Ýù »Ý ï³ÉÇë Ó»é³·áñÍ, ¿ÏáÉá·Ç³å»ë Ù³ùáõñ ¨ ³ñï»ñÏñáõÙ ³ñ¹»Ý ÇëÏ Ñ³ÛïÝÇ, §´»ñ¹¦ ³ÝáõÝÁ ÏñáÕ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ã»¹¹Ç ³ñçáõÏÝ»ñÇÝ, áíù»ñ Ï³ñ× Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³Ñ³ïí³ÍáõÙ ¹³ñÓ»É »Ý áã ÙÇ³ÛÝ ´»ñ¹Ç ËáñÑñ¹³ÝÇßÁ, ³ÛÉ¨ ß³ï áõ ß³ï ´»ñ¹³µÝ³Ï Ï³Ý³Ýó áõ Ýñ³Ýó ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñÇ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý »Ï³ÙïÇ ³ÕµÛáõñÁ: Ü³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ÕÇÝ³ÏÁ §´»ñ¹Ç Ï³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë Ï»ÝïñáÝ¦ ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÝ ¿: ²ÛÝ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝ ¿` ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñí³Í 2011-Ç ÷»ïñí³ñÇÝ: Î³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ ³ç³Ïó»É ´»ñ¹Ç ë³ÑÙ³Ý³Ù»ñÓ ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³ÝÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó ½µ³Õí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý, ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý, Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ³éáÕç³å³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ³ÛÉ áÉáñïÝ»ñáõÙ: Üå³ï³ÏÇÝ Ñ³Ù³ÑáõÝã` Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý ß³Ñ³éáõÝ»ñÁ ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³ÝÇ ·áñÍ³½áõñÏ Ï³Ý³Ûù »Ý, áíù»ñ ½µ³Õí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý, Ï³Û³Ý³Éáõ áõ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ Ý»ñ·ñ³íí»Éáõ ËÝ¹Çñ áõÝ»Ý: Î³Ý³Ýó Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³Ïó³ÛÇÝ ó³ÝóÇ ÁÝ¹É³ÛÝáõÙÁ, Ï³Ý³Ýó ï³ñµ»ñ ËÙµ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ß³Ñ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý, Ï³Ý³Ýó ÉÇ¹»ñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ³ÛÉ Ã»Ù³Ý»ñáí ¹³ëÁÝÃ³óÝ»ñÇ ³ÝóÏ³óáõÙÁ ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÇ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ñ¨áñ áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó »Ý: ÐÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÇ ³Ûó»ù³ñïÝ ¿ Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ §´»ñ¹Ç ³ñçáõÏÝ»ñ¦ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ, áñÁ Ýå³ï³Ï³áõÕÕí³Í ¿ ´»ñ¹Ç Ï³Ý³Ýó

Only 9 km away from Armenian-Azerbaijani northern border, women of Berd town create hand-made, eco-friendly teddy bears that are already known overseas as well, with the brand “Berd” which have become not only the symbol of Berd in a short period of time, but also are the main source of income for many women and their families living in Berd. The author of this initiative is the “Berd Women’s Resource Center” Foundation. It is a young organization, founded in February 2011. The purpose of the organization is to support women of Berd in areas such as employment, education, protection of rights, health, etc. In line with its aim, the beneficiaries of the organization mostly are unemployed women of the area which have problems with issues like employment, self-realization and integration.

µÇ½Ý»ë ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý Ëñ³ËáõëáõÙ³ÝÁ. Ï³Ý³Ýó ½µ³Õí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý ËÝ¹ÇñÇ ÉáõÍáõÙÁ Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ ¿ ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÇ ³é³Ýóù³ÛÇÝ áõÕÕáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Ìñ³·ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÙ³ÝÝ ³ç³Ïó»É ¿ æÇÝÇßÛ³Ý ÑÇß³ï³ÏÇ ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÁ, áñÇ ýÇÝ³Ýë³íáñÙ³Ý ³í³ñïÇó Ñ»ïá, »ñµ µ³í³Ï³Ý³ã³÷ Ý³Ë³¹ñÛ³ÉÝ»ñ ¿ÇÝ ëï»ÕÍí»É, Íñ³·ÇñÝ ³Ýó»É ¿ ÇÝùÝ³ýÇÝ³Ýë³íáñÙ³Ý: Ìñ³·ÇñÁ ëÏëí»É ¿ 2011Ã.-ÇÝ: Üå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ »Õ»É Ñ³Ù³ËÙµ»É ·áñÍ³½áõñÏ, µ³Ûó Ó»é³·áñÍÇ ³ñÑ»ëïÇÝ ïÇñ³å»ïáÕ Ùáï 30 Ï³Ý³Ýó ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ´»ñ¹ ù³Õ³ùÇó, áíù»ñ í»ñ³å³ïñ³ëïí»Éáí ÏÛ³Ýù ïí»óÇÝ ´»ñ¹ ³ñçáõÏÇÝ: Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ üÇÝÉ³Ý¹Ç³ÛÇ áõ Üáñí»·Ç³ÛÇ å³ïí³íáñ ÑÛáõå³ïáë ÂÇÙáÃÇ êÃñ»ÛÃÇ ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ ¨ ËáñÑñ¹áí, ·»ñÙ³ÝáõÑÇ ùáõÛñ Ð³ÝÝ³ÛÇ Ùï³ÑÕ³óÙ³Ùµ ëï»ÕÍí³Í Ó»é³·áñÍ ³ñçáõÏÝ»ñÁ ëÏë»óÇÝ í³×³éí»É ³ÙµáÕç ³ßË³ñÑáõÙ` í»µ Ï³ÛùÇ ëáóó³Ýó»ñÇ ¨ Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³Ïó³ÛÇÝ ó³ÝóÇ û·ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ (www.berdbears.com): ÆëÏ §øÇùëÃ³ñÃ»ñ¦ ³éó³Ýó Ñ³ñÃ³ÏÇ ÙÇçáóáí ¿É ³í»ÉÇ ÁÝ¹É³ÛÝí»ó í³×³éùÇ ßáõÏ³Ý` ÁÝ¹·ñÏ»Éáí Ðë. ²Ù»ñÇÏ³Ý, ºíñáå³Ý áõ ²ëÇ³Ý, ²íëïñ³ÉÇ³Ý: ØÇ³ÛÝ Ñ³Ù³ó³ÝóÇ ÙÇçáóáí` §øÇùëÃ³ñÃ»ñÇ¦ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ í³×³éí»É ¿ ³í»ÉÇ ù³Ý 200 ³ñçáõÏ: ÆÝãå»ë ÝßáõÙ ¿ ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÇ ïÝûñ»Ý ²Ý³ÑÇï ´³¹³ÉÛ³ÝÁ. §Ò»é³·áñÍ ³ñçáõÏÝ»ñÇ í³×³éùÇÝ Ù»Í³å»ë Ýå³ëï»ó Ý³¨ ÉáÝ¹áÝ³Ñ³Û Ù»ñ µ³ñ»Ï³Ù ²Ý³ÑÇï ¶³ÉëïÛ³ÝÁ: Üñ³ í»ñçÇÝ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó ¿ñ ÜÇÏá Ü³ëÇµÛ³ÝÇ åñáý»ëÇáÝ³É ýáïáß³ñùÁ Ñ³Ûñ»Ý³Ï³Ý ßááõ µÇ½Ý»ëÇ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ áõ §´»ñ¹¦ ³ñçáõÏÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÝ³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ¦: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ë³ ¹»é Ñ³ÕÃ³ñß³íÇ ëÏÇ½µÝ ¿: ºñÏáõ

The amplification of women’s cooperative networks, advocacy for various groups of women, training sessions on gender equality leadership and other themes are some of central activities of the Foundation. Foundation is well known for its “Berd Bears” project which aims at promoting business among the women of Berd; addressing unemployment of women is the crucial purpose of the foundation. Jinishian Memorial Foundation supported the project, and once the project had enough resources, it started to sustain itself independently. The project kicked off in 2011. The mission was to unite 30 unemployed women who would have the skill of knitting. They had gone through training sessions and brought to life teddy bears of Berd. By the support and advice of Honorary Consul of Finland and Norway in Armenia Timothy Straight, teddy bears created by a German nun Hannah, were sold all over the world, through the official web site (www.berdbears.com), social media and the cooperative network. The market got bigger through the on-line platform “Kickstarter”, by engulfing North America, Europe, Asia and Australia. Only through internet, thanks to “Kickstarter”, there were 200 of these bears sold.

ï³ñÇ ³é³ç ³ñç ³ÙáõëÇÝÝ»ñÁ ´»ñ¹³µÝ³Ï ³·é³íÇ, ÃÇÃ»éÇ áõ Ù»ÕíÇ Ñ»ï ¹³ñÓ»É »Ý µÝ³å³Ñå³Ý³Ï³Ý Ã»Ù³Ûáí ÙáõÉïýÇÉÙÇ Ñ»ñáëÝ»ñ, áñÇ åñ»ÙÇ»ñ³Ý Ï³Û³ó»É ¿ «è»²ÝÇÙ³ÝÇ³» ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ³ÝÇÙ³óÇáÝ ÏÇÝá÷³é³ïáÝÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ: ØáõÉïýÇÉÙÇ ·áñÍáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ï»ÕÇ »Ý áõÝ»ÝáõÙ ´»ñ¹áõÙ, áñï»Õ ³ñ¹»Ý Ñ³ÛïÝÇ Ñ»ñáëÝ»ñÁ Ïáã »Ý ³ÝáõÙ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ Ù³ùáõñ å³Ñ»É ßñç³Ï³ ÙÇç³í³ÛñÁ: Ü»ñÏ³ÛáõÙë å³ïñ³ëï ¿ ÙÇ³ÛÝ ³é³çÇÝ ¿åÇ½á¹Á: Þ³ñáõÝ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÝÏ³ñ³Ñ³ÝÙ³Ý ¨ Ñ»éáõëï³ï»ë³ÛÇÝ óáõó³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»Í ó³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝ Ï³, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ýÇÝ³Ýë³Ï³Ý ³ç³ÏÇóÝ»ñ áõ Ñáí³Ý³íáñÝ»ñ »Ý Ñ³ñÏ³íáñ: 2013 Ã-Á ÝáõÛÝå»ë Ó»éùµ»ñáõÙÝ»ñáí ¿ ëÏëí»É. ÑÇÙÝ³¹ñ³ÙÁ Ññ³ï³ñ³Ï»É ¿ §Ø»Ýù »Ýù¦ ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ ³Ùë³Ã»ñÃÁ (menkenk. wordpress.com), áñÇ ÏÇ½³Ï»ïáõÙ Ï³Ý³Ûù »Ý Çñ»Ýó ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñáí, Ùï³Ñá·áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí, Ñ³çáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí áõ ÉáõÍáõÙÝ»ñáí:

The director of the Foundation Anahit Badalyan says: “It was Anahit Galstyan, our friend from London, who has greatly contributed to the process of selling the handmade bears. One of her freshest initiatives was to make an exhibit of photographies of Niko Nasibyan, with the help of Armenian showbiz representatives and presenting Berd Bears.” Anyway, this is only the beginning of the glorious victory march. Two years ago the couple of teddy bears, together with a crow, a butterfly and a bee from Berd, have become heroes in a film on environmental issues which was screened in ReAnimania International Animation Film Festival. According to the scenario, it all happens in Berd, where the already-known heroes are addressing children, calling upon keeping the environment clean. As of now, only the first episode is out. There is this ambition of shooting the second part of the movie and of screening it through TV channels, but there is

ÆëÏ ´»ñ¹áõÙ Ï³Ý³Ýó ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÁ µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ ß³ï »Ý` Ï³åí³Í ¨° µÝ³Ï³í³ÛñÇ ë³ÑÙ³Ý³Ù»ñÓ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ, ¨° Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÇ,, ¨° ³éÏ³ ëáóÇ³É-ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý Çñ³íÇ×³ÏÇ Ñ»ï: ºïËáñÑñ¹³ÛÇÝ ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý ×·Ý³Å³ÙÇ, Ñ³Ï³Ù³ñïáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Ý»ñÏ³ÛÇë ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Çñ³íÇ×³ÏÇ ëï»ÕÍ³Í µ³ñ¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ Ï³ñÍ»ë ³ÙµáÕçáíÇÝ µ³ñ¹í»É »Ý Ñ»Ýó Ï³Ý³Ýó áõë»ñÇÝ: Ü³ËÏÇÝáõÙ ·áñÍáÕ ·áñÍ³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇó (Ï³ÃÇ í»ñ³Ùß³ÏÙ³Ý, ·ÇÝáõ ¨ å³Ñ³ÍáÝ»ñÇ, ·áñ·»ñÇ, ³¹³Ù³Ý¹Ç í»ñ³Ùß³ÏÙ³Ý ¨ ³ÛÉÝ) ¨ áã Ù»ÏÁ ãÇ í»ñ³µ³óí»É, ÇëÏ ³Û¹ ·áñÍ³ñ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ³ßË³ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝ Ï³½ÙáÕ Ï³Ý³Ûù ÙÝ³ó»É »Ý ·áñÍ³½áõñÏ: ¶áñÍ³½ñÏáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ·áõÙ³ñí»É ¿ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ å³Ñ»Éáõ å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ ³Ù»ÝûñÛ³ Ñá·ëÁ` ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ³ñï³·³ÕÃÇ å³ï×³éáí: ºí ÇÑ³ñÏ», Ù»ñ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ¹³ë³Ï³Ý »Ý ¹³ñÓ»É ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÁ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»Éáõ, ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ñ»ïá ³ßË³ï»Éáõ, ³é³ÝÓÇÝ ³åñ»É ãÏ³ñáÕ³Ý³Éáõ ËÝ¹ñÇÝ»ñÁ: Î³Ý Ý³¨ ³ÛÉ ë³ÑÙ³Ý³÷³ÏáõÙÝ»ñ, áñáÝù Ï³é³í³ñáõÙ »Ý Ï³Ý³Ýó ó³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÁ: ²ßË³ï³ï»Õ»ñÇ ëï»ÕÍáõÙÁ, ÏÝáçÁ Ñ³í³ë³ñ ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ÁÝÓ»éÝáõÙÁ, ·áñÍ³ñ³ñ Ï³Ù Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó ³ç³ÏóáõÙÁ, ï³ñ³ï»ë³Ï ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ ÙÇçáóáí Çñ³í³·Çï³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý, Çñ³½»Ïí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý, Ñ³Õáñ¹³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ñÓñ³óáõÙÁ, ë³ÑÙ³Ý³Ù»ñÓ ßñç³ÝÝ»ñÇÝ å»ï³Ï³Ý Ñá·³ÍáõÃÛáõÝ ïñ³Ù³¹ñ»Éáõ ç³ï³·áíáõÙÁ, í»ñáÝßÛ³É ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇ ÉáõÍÙ³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÝ»ñ »Ý, áñáÝù ¿É ÷áñÓáõÙ ¿ Çñ ³Ù»ÝûñÛ³ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝÃ³óùáõÙ áõÅ»ñÇ Ý»ñ³ÍÇÝ áõ ·»ñ³¹Çñ ã³÷áí Ç Ï³ï³ñ ³Í»É ´»ñ¹Ç Ï³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë Ï»ÝïñáÝ ÑÇÙ³Ý¹ñ³ÙÁ:

some need of financial support and sponsors for that. The year of 2013, too, has started as a year of accomplishments: the Foundation has published “We Are” regional magazine (menkenk. wordpress.com) which focuses on women and their issues, thoughts, success stories and solutions to the problems. And mind you, troubles of women are numerous in Berd; it is a residence contiguous to Azerbaijan, there also are problems with stereotyping, mentality and current social and economical situation. The troubles brought forth by post-Soviet crisis, conflict and present problems seem to be entirely affecting the race of women. None of the previously active factories (like those that would produce mild, wine and preserves, carpets, relays, diamonds etc) has been reestablished, and the employers of these factories, majority of whom were women, are left unemployed. Add to that the responsibility of feeding the families and chores caused by the fact that men have emigrated. Plus, of course, there are problems that have become classic in our society like girls not getting any university degree, they aren’t allowed to work after the marriage, they can’t move out and live separately. There are other limitations as well that control the desires and rights of women. Some options to solve the abovementioned problems, according to the foundation, are addressing unemployment, advocacy for equal rights for women, support to active and initiative-taking women, raising awareness on women’s rights, promoting networking, as well as advocating for state sponsorship. Foundation is trying to do make those visions come to life as much as it can.

Ø³ñÇ³ ²µñ³Ñ³ÙÛ³Ý

Maria Abrahamyan

·»Ý¹»ñ gender

ÎñÏÝ³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·í³Í ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝ Double discrimination and systematic social inequality

Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ñ³×³Ë ë³ÑÙ³ÝíáõÙ ¿ áñå»ë Ï³ÝË³Ï³É Ï³Ù ï³ñµ»ñíáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝù ³ÝÓÇ Ï³Ù ËÙµÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å` ÑÇÙù ÁÝ¹áõÝ»Éáí áñáß³ÏÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý Ï³Ù ÁÝÏ³Éí³Í Ñ³ïÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ` ÇÝãå»ë ûñÇÝ³Ï ï³ñÇùÁ, ÏñáÝÁ, ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ë»éÁ, ¿ÃÝÇÏ Í³·áõÙÁ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: ²ÛÝ ëáíáñ³µ³ñ û·ï³·áñÍíáõÙ ¿ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ï³Ù Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ¹ÇëÏáõñëÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ, áñÁ Ó·ïáõÙ ¿ áõÕÕ»É ËÙµÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å ï³ñµ»ñ³Ïí³Í í³ñù³·ÇÍÁ: ÖÝßáõÙ ·áñÍ³¹ñ»Éáí ûñ»Ýë¹Çñ ÇßË³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý íñ³, Ï³Ù Ù³ïÝ³Ýß»Éáí ûñ»ÝùÇ ³Ý³ñ¹³ñ ÉÇÝ»ÉÁ` å³Ûù³ñÇ ³Ûë Çñ³í³Ï³Ý Ó¨Á ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ÷áñÓáõÙ ¿ áõÕÕ»É ÅËïáÕ³Ï³Ý, »ñµ»ÙÝ Ý³¨ ³ñïáÝÛ³É í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ ·áñÍáÕ ûñ»Ýë¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇçáóáí: ê³Ï³ÛÝ »ñÏ³ñ ï³ñÇÝ»ñ ¿` Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ·³Õ³÷³ñÁ, áñå»ë ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ï»ÝëáõÝ³Ï Ñ³ñÃ³Ï, ùÝÝ³¹³ïíáõÙ ¿ ý»ÙÇÝÇëï ï»ë³µ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³ÛÉáó ÏáÕÙÇó: ²Ûë Ñá¹í³ÍáõÙ »ë ÏËáë»Ù ÏñÏÝ³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ, ¨ Ã» ÇÝãå»ë ¿ ³ÛÝ Ù»½ ÃáõÛÉ ï³ÉÇë ï»ëÝ»É ÇÝã-áñ »ñ¨áõÛÃÇ, ·áñÍáÕáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ù áñáß³ÏÇ ËÙµÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, µ³Ûó áã ÙÇßï ¿ áõÝ³Ï óáõÛó ï³É ³ÛÝ, ÇÝã »ë Ï³Ýí³Ý»Ù Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·í³Í ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝ: ÎñÏÝ³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¹³ ³ÛÝ ¿, »ñµ ³ÝÓÁ Ï³Ù ËáõÙµÁ ¹³éÝáõÙ »Ý ÃÇñ³Ë Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ÏÇó ³í»ÉÇ Ó¨»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ ³Û¹åÇëÇ ÙÇ ûñÇÝ³Ï Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ÉÇÝ»É É»ëµáõÑÇÝ, áí áñå»ë Ëáó»ÉÇ ËÙµÇ ³Ý¹³Ù »ÝÃ³ñÏíáõÙ ¿ ×ÝßÙ³Ý ¨° áñå»ë É»ëµáõÑÇ, ¨° áñå»ë ÏÇÝ: ØÇÝã¹»é Ï³Ý³Ûù Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ áõÝ»Ý ï³ñ³ï»ë³Ï

Discrimination is often defined as biased or different behavior toward a person or a group based on certain real or perceived characteristics such as age, religion, sexuality, sex, gender, ethnicity, etc. It is usually used legally or within a legal discourse that seeks to correct the differential behavior toward a group. This legal form of struggle works to correct usually negative, but sometimes even preferential, behavior through passing legislation, pressing legal charges or pointing out how the law is unjust. However, for many years now, the idea of discrimination as a viable platform to make social change has been criticized by feminist theorists and many others. In this article I will be discussing double discrimination and how it allows us to see how discrimination, which applies to one case or one act or to a defined group, is not always able to show what I will be calling systematic social inequality. Double discrimination is when a person or a group is targeted for more than one form of discrimination. An example of this in Armenia would be a lesbian woman who would be vulnerable to oppression as a woman and as a lesbian. While women in Armenia have all kinds of difficulties – pressure to get married, pressure from husbands, sometimes strictness from parents that shelters them more than their brothers,

¹Åí³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ. ×ÝßáõÙ ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ñóáõÙ, ×ÝßáõÙ ³ÙáõëÇÝÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó, »ñµ»ÙÝ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ËëïáõÃÛáõÝ, ³í»ÉÇ Ù»Í í»ñ³ÑëÏáÕáõÃÛáõÝ, ù³Ý Ýñ³Ýó »Õµ³ÛñÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å, Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ³ßË³ï³Ýù ·ïÝ»ÉÇë, ù³ÝÇ áñ »ÝÃ³¹ñíáõÙ ¿` ³ÙáõëÝ³Ý³Éáõó Ï³Ù »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñ áõÝ»Ý³Éáõó Ñ»ïá, Ýñ³Ýù ÏÃáÕÝ»Ý ³ßË³ï³ÝùÁ, ÇëÏ É»ëµáõÑÇ ÉÇÝ»ÉÝ ¿É áõÝÇ Çñ áõñáõÛÝ ¹Åí³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ²Ù»Ý ¹»åùáõÙ, »ñµ ³ÝÓÁ áã ÙÇ³ÛÝ áõÕÕ³ÏÇ ÏÇÝ ¿, ³ÛÉ¨ É»ëµáõÑÇ, Ý³ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ Ñ³Ý¹Çå»É ÏñÏÝ³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý` »ñµ»ÙÝ ³ÛÝåÇëÇ Ë××í³Í ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñáí, áñ ¹Åí³ñ ¿ ³ë»É` Áëï áñ §Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßÇ¦ ¿ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý »ÝÃ³ñÏí»É: §¸Ç²Ûàõ³Û¦-Ç ÑñÏÇ½áõÙÁ ëñ³ ûñÇÝ³ÏÝ ¿: ´³Ûó ³Ûëï»Õ, ÇÑ³ñÏ», ³ÛÉ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ ¨ë Ý»ñ³éí³Í ¿ÇÝ. ÌáÙ³Ï ú·³Ý Ý³¨ ³ÏïÇíÇëï ¿ñ, éáù »ñ³ÅÇßï ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: ²Ù»ñÇÏ³óÇ Çñ³í³·»ï øÇÙµñÉÇ øñ»ÝßáÝ ïí»É ¿ ³Û¹ åñáó»ëÇ ë³ÑÙ³ÝáõÙÁ: Ü³ ³Ýí³Ý»É ¿ ¹³ Ë³ã³Ó¨áõÙ: Ê³ã³Ó¨áõÙÁ »ñ¨áõÛÃ ¿, áñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ³ÝÑ³ï³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßÝ»ñ Ñ³ïíáõÙ »Ý ³ÝÓÇ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ¨ ÷áñÓÇ Ñ»ï: ²Ûë Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý Ï³ñáÕ ³é³ÝÓÝ³óí»É ¨ ëï»ÕÍáõÙ »Ý ×ÝßáõÙÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ¹Åí³ñ ¿ Ñëï³Ï ë³ÑÙ³Ý³Ý»É` ¹ñ³Ýó å³ï×³éÝ »Ý, Ã» Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßÁ: Ø»Ï ³ÛÉ Ï³ñ¨áñ µ³Ý, áñ å»ïù ¿ Ñ³ßíÇ ³éÝ»É ³Ûëï»Õ, ³ÛÝ ¿, áñ áã µáÉáñ Ï³Ý³Ûù »Ý ³Ûë Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ·ïÝíáõÙ: ²ÛÉ Ï»ñå ³ë³Í` áã µáÉáñ Ï³Ý³Ýó íñ³ »Ý Ý»ñ·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ Ï³é³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ (ÇÝãå»ë ûñÇÝ³Ï ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ): È»ëµáõÑáõ Ù³ëÇÝ í»ñÁ Ýßí³Í ûñÇÝ³ÏÁ óáõÛó ¿ ï³ÉÇë Ù»½, áñ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ áã µáÉáñ Ï³Ý³Ûù áõÝ»Ý ÝáõÛÝ ÷áñÓÁ: ºñµ ÏÇÝÁ ¹³ë³Ï³ñ·íáõÙ ¿ áñ¨¿ ³ÛÉ` ÇÝãå»ë ûñÇÝ³Ï ÑáÙáë»ùëáõ³É ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ËÙµÇ Ù»ç, ³å³ Ýñ³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ ³éáõÙÝ»ñáí ï³ñµ»ñ »Ý í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ: ÌáÙ³Ï ú·³ÛÇ ¹»åùÁ ¹ñ³ Í³Ûñ³Ñ»Õ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÝ ¿: ´áÉáñ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÏÛ³ÝùÇ ÷áñÓ³éáõÃÛáõÝÁ »ñµ»ù ãÇ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ Ñ³Ù³ËÙµ»É áñå»ë Ù»Ï ÷áñÓ: Úáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ÏÝáç Ù³ÏÝßáõÙ »Ý ï³ñµ»ñ Ï»ñå` Ï³Ëí³Í Çñ

discrimination in finding jobs because of the assumption that once they get married or have children they will quit, etc. – being lesbian has its own difficulties as well. However, when the person is not just a woman, but also a lesbian, she may face double discriminations, sometimes in very complicated ways where separating which “characteristic” was discriminated against is hard to tell. Was it because of her being a woman or was it because of her being a lesbian? The case of the firebombing of DIY is an example of this. But here, of course, there were many other issues involved – Tsomak Oga was also an activist, punk musician, etc. Legal American scholar Kimberly Crenshaw has created a term for this process. She calls it intersectionality. Intersectionality is when various aspects of identity intersect into one person’s life and experience. These aspects cannot be separated and create oppressions that are difficult to define clearly as either the cause of this or that characteristic. Another important thing to note here is that not all women are within the same relation to power. In other words, not all women are affected by the government, economic and social institutions (like the family) and are not treated the same. The example I brought up above – about lesbian women – for example, shows us that not all women in Armenia have the same experience. When a woman is categorized as part of another social group, like homosexuals, she is treated differently in many respects. Tsomak Oga’s case is an extreme version of this. Experiences of all women can never be lumped together as one experience. Each woman, because of her ethnicity, class, educational background, marital status, sexual orientation, etc. – is marked

¿ÃÝÇÏ Í³·áõÙÇó, ¹³ëÇó, ÏñÃáõÃÛáõÝÇó, ³ÙáõëÝ³Ï³Ý Ï³ñ·³íÇ×³ÏÇó, ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßáõÙÇó: Ø»Ýù ã»Ýù Ï³ñáÕ ³ë»É, Ã» µáÉáñ Ï³Ý³Ûù ÝáõÛÝ Ï»ñå »Ý ÁÝÏ³ÉáõÙ ³ßË³ñÑÁ, Ï³Ù Ñ³Ï³é³ÏÁ` ³ßË³ñÑÁ Ýñ³Ýó ÙÇ³ÝÙ³Ý ¿ í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ: ÎñÏÝ³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñÁ Ï³ñáÕ »Ýù ¹Çï³ñÏ»É áñå»ë Ë³ã³Ó¨áõÙ, áñÁ, »ñµ ×ÝßÙ³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ Ó¨»ñ ÷áËÑ³ïí»Éáí` ëï»ÕÍáõÙ »Ý Ù»Ï ß³ï µ³ñ¹ ×ÝßáÕ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·, Ï³ñ¨áñ ·áñÍÇù ¿ ¹Çï³ñÏ»Éáõ ³Ûë ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³é³ÝÓÝ³Ñ³ïÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ ³éÏ³ Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ¨ ¹ñ³Ýó Ñ³ñ³µ»ñ³ÏóáõÙÁ ×ÝßáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ áõ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: ²ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, Ë³ã³Ó¨áõÙÁ óáõÛó ¿ ï³ÉÇë, áñ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ·³Õ³÷³ñÁ Ã»ñÇ ¿. ×ÝßáõÙÁ Ï³Ù ³Ý³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ñ»ßï ã¿ Ù³ïÝ³Ýß»É` ³ÛÝ áõÕÕ³ÏÇáñ»Ý Ï³å»Éáí áñ¨¿ ¹»åùÇ Ï³Ù ³é³ÝÓÝ³Ñ³ïÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï: Ð³Û Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ³éÏ³ »Ý ×ÝßÙ³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ Ó¨»ñ, áñáÝù ã»Ý Ï³ñáÕ ¹Çï³ñÏí»É Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ: Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ëáíáñ³µ³ñ ß»ßïÁ ¹ÝáõÙ ¿ ÙÇ »ñ¨áõÛÃÇ íñ³, áñï»Õ ÇÝã-áñ Ù»ÏÁ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ³ë»É,§ÆÙ Ñ³Ý¹»å Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ »Ý ÏÇñ³é»É, áñáíÑ»ï¨ »ë…¦: ²Ûëï»Õ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ Ù³ïÝ³Ýß»É ÏáÝÏñ»ï ¹»åù ¨ å³ï×³é` »ñÏáõëÝ ¿É å³ñ½ áõ »½³ÏÇ, áñ ï»ÕÇ ¿ áõÝ»ó»É ÝÙ³Ý »ñ¨áõÛÃ: ²Ûë ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ÇÝãå»±ë Ï³ñáÕ »Ýù Ñ³ëÏ³Ý³É Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ Ï³Ý³Ýó Ñ³Ý¹»å ×ÝßÙ³Ý µ³ñ¹ Ñ³ñó»ñÁ: úñÇÝ³Ï, ÇÝã Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ Ùï³Í»É ³ÛÝ Ñ³ñóÇ ßáõñç, Ã» ÇÝãáõ »Ý ²½·³ÛÇÝ ÄáÕáíáõÙ ³Û¹ù³Ý ùÇã ÏÇÝ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ: Î³Ý³Ýó ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ ½µ³Õí»ÉÁ á°ã ûñ»Ýùáí ¿ ³ñ·»Éí³Í, á°ã ¿É ³ÝÁÝ¹áõÝ»ÉÇ ¿: Æñ³Ï³ÝáõÙ, ÝáõÛÝÇëÏ Ï³Ý ûñ»Ýùáí ë³ÑÙ³Ýí³Í ùíáï³Ý»ñ, áñáÝù Ëñ³ËáõëáõÙ »Ý Ï³Ý³Ýó ½µ³Õí»É ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ²ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, ÇÝãá±õ »Ý ³Û¹ù³Ý ùÇã Ï³Ý³Ûù ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ: ²Ûëï»Õ ß³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ ¿ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·í³Í ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ·³Õ³÷³ñÁ, áñÁ ï»Õ ¿ ·ï»É å³ï×³éÝ»ñÇ ÙÇ µ³ñ¹ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·áõÙ, Ã» ÇÝãáõ Ï³Ý³Ûù ã»Ý Ó·ïáõÙ ¹»åÇ

differently. We cannot talk about all women as if they all experience the world the same – or as if the world treats them all the same. Double discrimination, which we can think of as intersectionality – the way various oppressions intersect to create one very complex system of oppression – is an important tool to think about these complex relations among social characteristics and their relation to oppression or social inequality. However, intersectionality shows that the concept of discrimination is flawed: oppression or injustice is not easy to point out 0directly with one case or with one characteristic that has been targeted. There are many forms of oppression in Armenian society that cannot be thought through the framework of discrimination. Discrimination is generally focused on a case through which one can say, “I was discriminated against because I am...” Here, one can point to a particular case and the reason for the case taking place – both of which are clear and singular. In this framework how are we to understand the complicated questions of the oppression of women in Armenia? For example, how can we think about the question of why there are so few women representatives in the National Assembly? It is not against the law for women to run

ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ: Ð³Ù³Ï³ñ·í³Í ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ñ³ßíÇ ¿ ³éÝáõÙ ·³Õ³÷³ñ³Ï³Ý ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ×ÝßáõÙÝ»ñÇ ³ÛÝ ·³Õ³÷³ñÁ, áñ »ñµ Ù³ñ¹áõ áõÝ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, ³ñÅ³ÝÇùÝ»ñÁ Ï³Ù ³ÛÉ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý í³ñù³·ÇÍÁ Ýë»Ù³óíáõÙ ¿` å³ÛÙ³Ý³íáñí³Í ³ÛÝåÇëÇ Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßáí, ÇÝãå»ë ûñÇÝ³Ï §ÏÇÝÝ¦ ¿, Ý»ñ³ÝÓÝ³óí³Í ¿: àõëïÇ Ï³Ý³Ûù Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ Ñ³×³Ë, µ³Ûó áã ÙÇßï, åÝ¹áõÙ »Ý, áñ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ï»ÕÝ ¿, ¨ Ï³Ý³Ûù ëï»ÕÍí³Í ã»Ý ¹ñ³ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ê³ Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÙ Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ ¿ ¨ å»ïù ¿ ÁÝÏ³ÉíÇ áñå»ë Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·í³Í ×ÝßáõÙ: ²Ù»Ý ¹»åùáõÙ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ë³ ãÇ ¹Çï³ñÏíáõÙ ³Ý³ñ¹³ñ, áñáíÑ»ï¨ ¹³ ÏáÝÏñ»ï ¹»åùÇ Ñ»ï Ï³å ãáõÝÇ: ²í»ÉÇÝ, ³ÛÝ ËÝ¹ÇñÁ, áñ Ï³Ý³Ûù ã»Ý ó³ÝÏ³ÝáõÙ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç Ý»ñ·ñ³íí»É, Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·³ÛÇÝ ËÝ¹Çñ ¿. ËÝ¹Çñ, áñï»Õ Ï³Ý³Ûù Ñ³Ý¹ÇåáõÙ »Ý ï³ñµ»ñ ï»ë³ÏÇ ·³Õ³÷³ñ³Ï³Ý ×ÝßáõÙÝ»ñÇ, ¨ áñå»ë½Ç Ýñ³Ýù ó³ÝÏ³Ý³Ý Ï³Ù Ñ³í³ï³Ý, áñ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý, å»ïù ¿ å³Ûù³ñ»Ý ³Ûë ³Ù»ÝÇ ¹»Ù: ²Ù÷á÷»Éáí` å»ïù ¿ ³ë»É, áñ ÏñÏÝ³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ Ë³ã³Ó¨áõÙÁ ß³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ ·áñÍÇùÝ»ñ »Ý ùÝÝ³¹³ï³Ï³Ý ÙïùáõÙ: ¸ñ³Ýù ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ »Ý ï³ÉÇë ï»ëÝ»Éáõ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÙ³ïÝ»ñÁ ¨ µ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»Éáõ ³ÛÝ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·»ñÁ, áñáÝù Çñ»Ýó Ù»ç å³ñáõÝ³ÏáõÙ »Ý Ý»ñ·áñÍÙ³Ý Ù»Ë³ÝÇ½ÙÝ»ñ: Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ¹»é ß³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ é³½Ù³í³ñ³Ï³Ý ½»Ýù ¿` áñáß³ÏÇ ¹»åù»ñÇ ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ²ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, áñå»ë½Ç ãÏáñóÝ»Ýù ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù ³é³í»É Ù»Í å³Ûù³ñÇ ÝßáõÛÉÝ»ñÁ, å»ïù ¿ µ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»Ýù ×ÝßÙ³Ý ³ÛÉ µáÉáñ Ó¨»ñÁ, áñáÝù Ã³ùÝí³Í »Ý, ¨ Ñ»ï¨³µ³ñ, ³í»ÉÇ Ñ»ßï áõ ËáñÝ »Ý Õ»Ï³í³ñáõÙ Ù»ñ ÏÛ³ÝùÁ:

for office and it is not even discouraged. Actually, there are quota laws that encourage women to run for political office. So, why are there still so few women in politics? Here, the concept of systematic social inequality becomes very important to locate the various and complex system of reasoning for why women are not going into political office. Systematic social inequality takes into consideration ideological and social pressures where the idea that a person is less capable, not worthy or any other social behavior that is attributed to a characteristic – like “woman” – is internalized. Therefore, women in Armenia will often (but not always) claim that politics is for men and women are not made for it. This should and indeed is regarded as systematic oppression. However, the framework of discrimination cannot see it as unjust because it is not about a particular case. Rather, the issue of women not desiring to go into politics is a systemic problem – a problem in which women face all kinds of ideological pressures and in order to desire or believe that they are capable they must work against all of these. To summarize, double discrimination and intersectionality are very important tools in critical thought. They make it possible to see the roots of social inequality and also allow us to reveal the systems that keep oppressive mechanisms in place. Discrimination is still a very important strategic framework to battle certain cases. However, in order to not lose sight of the bigger struggle against social inequalities – we must look towards all of those other forms of oppression that are hidden and therefore have easier, and deeper, control over our lives.

Â³Ù³ñ ÞÇñÇÝÛ³Ý

Tamar Shirinyan

·»Ý¹»ñ gender

ü»ÙÇÝÇ½Ù. å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÇó Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ Feminism: from history to reality

ÆÝãå»ë ³ë»É ¿ ³Ù»ñÇÏ³óÇ ý»ÙÇÝÇëï, Éñ³·ñáÕ, ³ÏïÇíÇëï ¶ÉáñÇ³ Þï³ÛÝ»ÙÁ. §Ðá·áõë ËáñùáõÙ »ë Ï³ñÍáõÙ »Ù, áñ ÏÇÝÝ áõÝÇ »ñÏáõ ÁïñáõÃÛáõÝ` ÉÇÝ»É ý»ÙÇÝÇëï Ï³Ù Ù³½áËÇëï¦: ÆëÏ Ç±Ýã ¿ Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÙ Ýß³Ý³ÏáõÙ ÉÇÝ»É ý»ÙÇÝÇëï: ²Ûë ï»ñÙÇÝÁ å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù û·ï³·áñÍí»É ¿ üñ³ÝëÇ³ÛáõÙ ¨ ÜÇ¹»éÉ³Ý¹Ý»ñáõÙ 1872 Ã-ÇÝ, Ñ»ïá Ý³¨ Ø»Í ´ñÇï³ÝÇ³ÛáõÙ 1890-³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ²ØÜáõÙ 1910Ã-ÇÝ: ü»ÙÇÝÇ½ÙÝ ÇÝùÝÇÝ ë»é»ñÇ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý, ïÝï»ë³Ï³Ý, ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý áõ Ï³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ¨ Ñ³Ù³ï»Õ ß³Ñ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåí³Í ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý ³ÙµáÕçáõÃÛáõÝ ¿: ²é³ÝÓÝ³óíáõÙ »Ý ý»ÙÇÝÇ½ÙÇ ÑÇÝ· ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñ` ÉÇµ»ñ³É, é³¹ÇÏ³É, Ù³ñùëÇëï³Ï³Ý ¨ ëáóÇ³ÉÇëï³Ï³Ý, ÇÝãå»ë Ý³¨ Ùß³ÏáõÃ³ÛÇÝ ¨ ¿Ïá-ý»ÙÇÝÇ½Ù: ü»ÙÇÝÇëï³Ï³Ý ß³ñÅáõÙÁ µ³Å³ÝíáõÙ ¿ »ñ»ù ³ÉÇùÝ»ñÇ`³é³çÇÝ ³ÉÇùÁ ( 19-ñ¹ ¹³ñÇó í³Õ 20-ñ¹ ¹³ñ) í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ ¿ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÁÝïñ³Ï³Ý Çñ³íáõÝùÇÝ, ³ßË³ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý Çñ³íáõÝùÇÝ: ²Ï³Ý³íáñ ý»ÙÇÝÇëïÝ»ñÇó ¿ÇÝ Ø³ñÇ ìáÉëïáÝùñ³íÃÁ, êÛáõ½³Ý ´. ¾ÝÃáÝÇÝ, ÈÛáõëÇ êÃááõÝÁ ¨ ³ÛÉù: Ð³Ù³ñíáõÙ ¿ áñ ³é³çÇÝ ³ÉÇùÝ ³í³ñïí»ó, »ñµ ÁÝ¹áõÝí»ó ²ØÜ ê³Ñ³Ù³Ý³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý 19-ñ¹ Éñ³óáõÙÁ, áñÁ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý Çñ³íáõÝù ÁÝÓ»é»ó: Æ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ ³é³çÇÝ ³ÉÇùÇ »ñÏñáñ¹ ³ÉÇùÁ (1960 - 1980-³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ) Ï»ÝïñáÝ³ó³Í

American feminist, journalist, and activist Gloria Steinem said, “In my heart, I think a woman has two choices: either she’s a feminist or a masochist.” So, what does it really mean to be a feminist? For the first time in history this term was used in France and the Netherlands in 1872, then in

¿ñ ÷³ëï³óÇ ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ íñ³` ûñ»ÝùÇ ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ÏÝáç ¹»ñÁ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç: ü»ÙÇÝÇ½ÙÇ »ññáñ¹ ³ÉÇùÁ (í³Õ 1990³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇó ÙÇÝã Ù»ñ ûñ»ñ) ³é³ç »Ï³í Ç å³ï³ëË³Ý »ñÏñáñ¹ ³ÉÇùÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ ëï»ÕÍí³Í Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ ß³ñÅáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ó³ËáÕÙ³ÝÁ: ²Ûë ßñç³ÝÇ Ñ³ÛïÝÇ ý»ÙÇÝÇëïÝ»ñÇó ¿ÇÝ æáõ¹ÇÃ ´³ÃÉ»ñÁ, Ø³ñÃ³ ¸»ÛíÇëÁ, ´»ÃÃÇ ¸á¹ëáÝÁ ¨ ³ÛÉù: àñáß ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, ÝáõÛÝÇëÏ Ï³Ý³Ûù ëË³É³µ³ñ ·ïÝáõÙ ¿ÇÝ, áñ ý»ÙÇÝÇ½ÙÁ ë³ñë³÷»ÉÇ »ñ¨áõÛÃ ¿` ëï»ÕÍ»Éáí ëË³É í³ñÏ³ÍÝ»ñ, Ã» µáÉáñ ý»ÙÇÝÇëïÝ»ñÁ ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ »Ý ¨ ³ïáõÙ »Ý ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó, Ï³Ý³Ûù ã»Ý Ï³ñáÕ ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ÉÇÝ»É Ï³Ý³óÇ ¨ ý»ÙÇÝÇëï Ï³Ù ý»ÙÇÝÇëïÝ»ñÁ ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇÝ ã»Ý Ñ³í³ïáõÙ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: ²ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ¨ë Ï»Ýë³Ï³Ý ¹»ñ »Ý áõÝ»ó»É ý»ÙÇÝÇëï³Ï³Ý ß³ñÅÙ³Ý Ù»ç: äñáý»ÙÇÝÇëï Ñ»ÕÇÝ³ÏÝ»ñÇ Ù»Í³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ üñ³ÝëÇ³ÛÇó ¿ñ, Ýñ³Ýó ÃíáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ¸»ÝÇë ¸Ç¹»ñáÝ, äáÉ Ð»ÝñÇ ¹Á ÐáÉµ³ËÁ ¨ Þ³éÉ ÈáõÇ ØáÝï»ëùÛáÝ: æáÝ êïÛáõ³ñï ØÇÉÁ, áí Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ ¿ ý»ÙÇÝÇ½ÙÇ Ñ³ÛñÁ í³Õ åñáý»ÙÇÝÇëïÝ»ñÇ ß³ñùáõÙ ¿ñ: Ü³ Çñ §Î³Ý³Ýó ÑÝ³½³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÁ¦ Ñá¹í³ÍáõÙ ÷áñÓáõÙ ¿ñ ³å³óáõó»É, áñ Ï³Ý³Ýó Çñ³í³Ï³Ý »ÝÃ³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ ×Çßï ã¿ ¨ å»ïù ¿ »Éù ·ïÝ»É Ï³ï³ñÛ³É Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: ü»ÙÇÝÇ½ÙÇ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÇó ·³Éáí Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ`å»ïù ¿ Ëáëïáí³Ý»Ýù, áñ ÷³ëï³óÇ Ù»ñ »ñÏñáõÙ »ñµ¨¿ ã»Ýù Ï³½Ù³íáñ»É ý»ÙÇÝÇëï³Ï³Ý ß³ñÅáõÙ: öáË³ñ»ÝÁ Ù»Ýù áõÝ»Ýù ³ÝÑ³ïÝ»ñ, áíù»ñ µ³ñÓñ³Ó³ÛÝ»É »Ý Ï³Ý³Ýó ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ³åñ³Í Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³ßñç³ÝáõÙ ¨ áñáß Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³ÏÇó ý»ÙÇÝÇëïÝ»ñ, áíù»ñ Ï³Ý·Ý³Í »Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ·ÉËÇÝ, áñáÝù ½µ³ÕíáõÙ »Ý Ï³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñáí ¨ ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ñó»ñáí: Ð³Û Ï³Ý³Ûù 20-ñ¹ ¹³ñÇó Ç í»ñ ëÏë»-

Great Britain in the 1890s and the United States in 1910. Feminism itself is as a combination of political, economic, and social equality of the sexes, and an organized activity for women’s rights and shared interests. There are five types of feminism: liberal, radical, marxist and socialist, as well as cultural and eco-feminism. Feminist movement is divided into three waves; the first wave (19th to early 20th centuries) dealt with suffrage, working conditions, and educational rights for women. Prominent feminists were Mary Wollstonecraft, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone, etc. It is considered that first wave ended when the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was adopted granting women electoral rights. Despite first wave, the second wave (1960s-1980s) focused on the de facto inequalities: the inequality of laws and the role of women in a society. The third wave of feminism (early 1990’s-present) has appeared in response to the failure of the second wave initiatives and movements. Famous feminists of this period were Judith Butler, Martha Davis, Betty Dodson, etc. Some men and even women mistook feminism for something terrible by creating wrong conjectures, myths about it such as all feminists are lesbians and hate men, women can’t be feminine and feminists at the same time or feminists don’t believe in marriage etc. However in feminist movement men also had a vital role. The majority of pro-feminist authors were from France, among them Denis Diderot, Paul Henri d’Holbach and Charles Louis de Montesquieu. John Stuart Mill, who is considered the father of feminism, was among the earliest pro-feminists and in his article “The Subjection of Women” tried to prove that the legal subordination of women is not just and it should find a solution for absolute equality. Moving from the history of feminism to Armenian reality, we should consider that in fact

·»Ý¹»ñ gender

óÇÝ Ëáë»É ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Ï³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: Î³ñ¨áñ ¿ ³Û¹ Ï³Ý³Ýó ß³ñùÇÝ ¹³ë»É ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ³ÝáõÝÝ»ñ ÇÝãåÇëÇù »Ý êÇñ³Ý ¼³ñ³ýÛ³ÝÁ, áí Ï³Ý³Ýó ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ÁÝ¹É³ÛÝÙ³Ý ¨ í»ñçÇÝÝ»ñÇë ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ý ç³ï³·áíÝ»ñÇó ¿ñ, ²éÉ»Ý» ²í³ÏÛ³ÝÁ, áí Ø³ë³ãáõë»óÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó áõëáõÙÝ³ëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Íñ³·ñÇ ÑÇÙÝ³¹ÇñÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÝ ¿, êñåáõÑÇ îÛáõë³µÁ (ì³Ñ³ÝÛ³Ý), áí ³é³çÇÝ Ñ³Û ý»ÙÇÝÇëï Ýáí»É³·ÇñÝ ¿: Ø»ñ ûñ»ñáõÙ Ï³Ý³Ûù ³éÝãíáõÙ »Ý Çñ»Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ µ³½Ù³ÃÇí Ë³ËïáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï, ÇÝãå»ë ûñÇÝ³Ï` ë»é³Ï³Ý ¨ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ü»ÙÇÝÇëï Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ³ÏïÇíÇëïÝ»ñÁ ÙÇ³íáñ»É »Ý Çñ»Ýó áõÅ»ñÁ ³Û¹ ËÝ¹ñÇÝ»ñÁ ÉáõÍ»Éáõ ¨ ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÁ Ïáïñ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ü»ÙÇÝÇëïÝ»ñÇ ËÙµÇ Ñ³çáÕí³Í ûñÇÝ³Ï ¿ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù Ïá³ÉÇóÇ³Ý, áñÁ ëï»ÕÍ»É ¿ ÛáÃ ÐÎ-Ý»ñÇ ç³Ýù»ñáí: Îá³ÉÇóÇ³ÛÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ µ³ñÓñ³óÝ»É Ï³Ý³Ýó ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ï»Õ»Ï³óí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ, ÷áË»É ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÁ, ïñ³Ù³¹ñ»É å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ½áÑ Ï³Ý³Ýó: Îá³ÉÇóÇ³ÛÇ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÁ µ³½Ù³½³Ý ¿` Ñ³Ý¹ÇåáõÙÝ»ñ, ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ, Ãñ»ÛÝÇÝ·Ý»ñ ÝíÇñí³Í ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ¨ Ï³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝù»ñÇÝ: Ü»ñÏ³ÛáõÙë Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ï»ë³Ï»ïÇó ³Ù»Ý³Ññ³ï³å ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÍÇ ÁÝ¹áõÝáõÙÝ ¿, áñÝ ³é³ç³ñÏí»É ¿ §Î³Ý³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ï»ÝïñáÝ¦ ÐÎ-Ç ÏáÕÙÇó ¨ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óí»É ÐÐ ³ßË³ï³ÝùÇ ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝ: Îá³ÉÇóÇ³Ý ³ñ³·áñ»Ý ÷áñÓ»ó ×ÝßáõÙ ·áñÍ³¹ñ»É ÇßË³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ íñ³ ûñ»ÝùÝ ÁÝ¹áõÝ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ, µ³Ûó ²½·³ÛÇÝ ÄáÕáíÁ

we have never formed feminist movement in our country. Instead we have individuals who raised women’s issues during their lifetime and some modern feminists who are running NGOs that deal with women’s rights and gender issues. Armenian women of the XXth cen-

Ù»ñÅ»ó ûñ»ÝùÇ ÁÝ¹áõÝáõÙÁ: ²ÛÅÙ ÐÎ-Ý»ñÇ ³ÏïÇíÇëïÝ»ñÁ ßñç³Ý³éáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç »Ý ¹ñ»É ûñ»ÝùÝ ÁÝ¹áõÝ»Éáõ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ÙÇçÝáñ¹áõÃÛáõÝÁ, ù³Ý½Ç ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ûñ»ÝùÁ ÙÇ³ÛÝ Ï³Ý³Ýó ËÝ¹ÇñÁ ã¿, ³ÛÝ Ñ³Ù³å»ï³Ï³Ý Ýß³Ý³ÏáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ: Ðáõë³Ýù` Ùáï ³å³·³ÛáõÙ Ïï»ëÝ»Ýù ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ûñ»ÝùÇ ÁÝ¹áõÝáõÙÝ áõ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝ³í»ï ÏÇñ³ñÏáõÙÁ áñå»ë ûñ»ÝùÇ ·»ñ³Ï³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ÕÃ³Ý³Ï ¨ Ñ³Û ý»ÙÇÝÇëïÝ»ñÇ ¹»¹áõÏïÇí ³ßË³ï³ÝùÇ ³ñ·³ëÇù: ÈÇÉÇÃ ê³ñ·ëÛ³Ý

tury started to speak about issues of gender equality and women rights. Among those worth mention Siran Zarafian who was a proponent of women’s empowerment and education, Arlene Avakian, one of the founders of Women’s Studies Program in the Massachusetts University, Srpuhi Dussap (Vahanian), who was the first Armenian feminist novelist. Nowadays women deal with various violations to their rights, such as sexual abuse, domestic violence, gender inequality etc. Feminist civic activists joined forces in order to solve these problems and break existing stereotypes. Today’s feminist group success example is the Coalition to Stop Violence Against Women, which was created by 7 local NGOs. The goal of the coalition is to raise awareness on violence against women, change existing mentality concerning domestic violence, provide defense and support to female victims of abuse. The activities of Coalition now vary from organization of different meetings, events, trainings devoted to domestic violence and women rights issues. One of the current urgent issues for women rights protection is the draft law on domestic violence proposed by the Women’s Rights Center NGO and submitted to the Armenian Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs. The Coalition repeatedly tried to pressure the authorities to adopt the law, but the National Assembly rejected the adoption of law, and currently NGO activists circulate the petition on passing the law as domestic violence is not an issue specifically for women but has a national importance. We hope that in the nearest future we will see the adoption and effective implementation of law against domestic violence as the maintenance of rule of law due to deductive work of Armenian feminists. Lilit Sargsyan

Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñ human rights

Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ûñ»Ýù Discrimination and law

Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ·»ÉùÁ Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ ¿ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Çñ³íáõÝùÇ ÑÇÙÝ³ñ³ñ ¨ ³Ýù³Ïï»ÉÇ ëÏ½µáõÝùÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ, ³é³Ýó áñÇ ÑÝ³ñ³íáñ ã¿ å³ïÏ»ñ³óÝ»É ó³ÝÏ³ó³Í ÅáÕáíÁñ¹³í³ñ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ³ÝÓ³Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³½³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙùáí Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõÙÁ: ¸»é¨ë 1948 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ÙÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýáõñ Ñéã³Ï³·ñáí ë³ÑÙ³Ýí»É ¿, áñ µáÉáñ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ÍÝíáõÙ »Ý ³½³ï áõ Ñ³í³ë³ñ` Çñ»Ýó ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛ³Ùµ áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñáí, ¨ ³Û¹ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ ³½³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ å»ïù ¿ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óí»Ý ³é³Ýó áñ¨¿ ËïñáõÃÛ³Ý` ÑÇÙÝí³Í é³ëë³ÛÇ, Ù³ßÏÇ ·áõÛÝÇ, ë»éÇ, É»½íÇ, ÏñáÝÇ, ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý Ï³Ù ³ÛÉ Ñ³Ùá½ÙáõÝùÝ»ñÇ, ³½·³ÛÇÝ Ï³Ù ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý Í³·Ù³Ý, áõÝ»óí³ÍùÇ, ¹³ë³ÛÇÝ å³ïÏ³Ý»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³Ù áñ¨¿ ³ÛÉ Ï³ñ·³íÇ×³ÏÇ íñ³: ²í»ÉÇÝ, ³ÛÝ å³ßïáÝ³å»ë ³Ùñ³·ñí³Í ¿ ·ñ»Ã» ³ÛÝ µáÉáñ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ å³ÛÙ³Ý³·ñ»ñáõÙ, áñáÝù í³í»ñ³óí»É Ï³Ù Ñ³ëï³ïí»É »Ý Ý³¨ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý ÏáÕÙÇó: ´³óÇ ¹ñ³ÝÇó, Ï³Ý Ý³¨ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ³Ïï»ñ, áñáÝù ³ÙµáÕçáõÃÛ³Ùµ ÝíÇñí³Í »Ý Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ·»ÉÙ³Ý ëÏ½µáõÝùÇÝ ¨ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó ½»ñÍ ÙÝ³Éáõ ³ÝÓÇ Çñ³íáõÝùÇÝ: ²Ûëå»ë ûñÇÝ³Ï` §Î³Ý³Ýó ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý µáÉáñ Ó¨»ñÇ í»ñ³óÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ¦ ÏáÝí»ÝóÇ³Ý (ÐÐ-Ý ÙÇ³ó»É ¿ ë»åï»Ùµ»ñ 13, 1993Ã.) Ïáã-

Prohibition of discrimination is one of basic and integral principles, without which it is impossible to imagine realisation of rights and freedoms equally in any democratic society. The principle of prohibition of discrimination is reflected differently in almost all international legal documents. Since 1948 it has been determined that all people are born free and equal, with their dignity and rights, and these rights and freedoms must be realised without any discrimination based on race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other convictions, national or social origin, estate, class or any other status. Moreover, this is officially attached in almost all international treaties which have been ratified and approved also by the Republic of Armenia. Apart from that, there also are international legal acts completely dedicated to the principle of prohibition of discrimination and right to be free from discrimination. For example the

í³Í ¿ å³Ûù³ñ»Éáõ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ¨ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙùáí ×³Ý³ã»Éáõ Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ ¨ ÑÇÙÝ³ñ³ñ ³½³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óáõÙÁ Ï³Ý³Ýó ¨ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ßñç³ÝáõÙ, §è³ë³Û³Ï³Ý Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý µáÉáñ Ó¨»ñÇ í»ñ³óÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ¦ ÏáÝí»ÝóÇ³ÛÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÁ (ÐÐ-Ý ÙÇ³ó»É ¿ ÑáõÝÇë 23, 1993Ã.) é³ë³ÛÇ, Ù³ßÏÇ ·áõÛÝÇ, ó»Õ³ÛÇÝ, ³½·³ÛÇÝ Ï³Ù ¿ÃÝÇÏ³Ï³Ý Í³·Ù³Ý Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßÝ»ñÇ ÑÇÙùáí Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ·»ÉáõÙÝ ¿, ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: §Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ¦ Ñ³ëÏ³óáõÃÛ³Ý ë³ÑÙ³ÝÙ³Ý áõ Ù»ÏÝ³µ³ÝÙ³Ý Ù»ç Ñ³ïÏ³Ýß³Ï³Ý ¿ Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ »íñáå³Ï³Ý ¹³ï³ñ³ÝÇ §Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý¦ Ñ³ëÏ³óáõÃÛ³Ý ë³ÑÙ³ÝáõÙÁ Çñ Ü³ãáí³Ý ¨ ³ÛÉáù ÁÝ¹¹»Ù ´áõÉÕ³ñÇ³ÛÇ ·áñÍáí:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) (Republic of Armenia joined in Sep 13, 1993) struggles against the expressions of discrimination against women and equally recognise the realisation of human rights and basic freedoms for women and men alike, and “Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination” (Republic of Armenia joined on Jun 23, 1993) bans discrimination based on race, colour, national or ethnic origin, etc The notion of “discrimination” has been defined in a number of international legal acts, and international bodies have further interpreted it. Yet the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) definition and interpretation of “discrimination” notion is significant in the landmark case Nachova and others v. Bulgaria.

Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÙ³Ý, µ³ó³éÙ³Ý, ë³ÑÙ³Ý³÷³ÏÙ³Ý Ï³Ù Ý³Ë³å³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý ¹ñë¨áñáõÙ ¿, áñÁ Ýå³ï³Ï ¿ Ñ»ï³åÝ¹áõÙ Ï³Ù Ñ³Ý·»óÝáõÙ ¿ áñáß³ÏÇ Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßáí ûÅïí³Í ³ÝÓÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ Ýí³½ µ³ñ»Ýå³ëï Çñ³íÇ×³ÏÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³ÝÁ:

Discrimination is distinction, exception, restriction or preference that has the effect to put a person carrying certain characteristic in a less favourable position.

Â»¨ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ åñ³ÏïÇÏ³ÛáõÙ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ï³ñµ»ñ ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÁ ï³ñµ»ñ Ï»ñå »Ý ¹³ë³Ï³ñ·íáõÙ, ³ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, áõÕÕ³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ³ÝáõÕÕ³ÏÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ññ³ÑñáõÙÁ, »ÝÃ³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý íñ³ ÑÇÙÝí³Í Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý Ïáã»ñÁ Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ »Ý Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñÁ: ØÇ ß³ñù ¹»åù»ñáõÙ Ëïñ³Ï³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÁ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ãáñ³Ïí»É áñå»ë Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ, ³ÛÉ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ¹Çïí»É Çµñ¨ §Ï³éáõóáÕ³Ï³Ý

·áñÍáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ¦ Ï³Ù ¹ñ³Ï³Ý Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ, ³ÛÝ ¿` Ñ³ïáõÏ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ áõÕÕí³Í Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ³é³í»É Ýí³½ å³ßïå³Ýí³Í ³ÝÓÇ/³ÝÓ³Ýó Ï³Ù ËÙµ»ñÇ ¨ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÝ³ó³Í Ù³ëÇ ÙÇç¨ Çñ³í³Ï³Ý Ï³Ù ÷³ëï³óÇ ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³óÙ³ÝÁ` ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ÁÝÓ»é»Éáí ³ÝÓÇÝ ¨/Ï³Ù ÙÇ ËáõÙµ ³ÝÓ³Ýó Çñ³óÝ»É Çñ»Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÝ áõ ÑÇÙÝ³ñ³ñ ³½³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ÑÇÙùáí: Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñÁ Ùï³Ñá·Çã ¿ Ý³¨ Ù»ñ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ: ²Ûëå»ë` Ñ³ßÙ³Ý¹³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ ³ÝÓ³Ýó Ñ³Ù³ñ ï»Õ³ß³ñÅÙ³Ý ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ µ³ó³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ³ßË³ï³ÝùÇ ÁÝ¹áõÝÙ³Ý ã³÷³ÝÇßÝ»ñáõÙ ï³ñÇù³ÛÇÝ ³ÝÑ³ñÏÇ ë³ÑÙ³Ý³÷³ÏáõÙÝ»ñÁ, ½³Ý·í³Í³ÛÇÝ Éñ³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇçáóÝ»ñáõÙ ÏñáÝ³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ïáã»ñÁ, µÅßÏÇ ÏáÕÙÇó ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ ³ÝÓÇ Ñ³ñ³½³ïÇÝ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ñ»é³óÝ»ÉÁ, ¹³Ý³Ï³Ñ³ñí³Í ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³Ý ³ÝÓÇÝ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý û·ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ïñ³Ù³¹ñÙ³Ý Ù»ñÅáõÙÁ, ÇÝãå»ë Ý³¨ ÝÙ³Ý³ïÇå ¨ ï³ñµ»ñíáÕ ³ÛÉ ¹»åù»ñ Ù»ñ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ³éÏ³ Ëïñ³Ï³Ý ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÇ ¹³ë³Ï³Ý ûñÇÝ³ÏÝ»ñ »Ý: âÝ³Û³Í ÐÐ ê³ÑÙ³Ý³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ ¨ áñáß

Although in international practice different forms of discrimination are classified differently, nevertheless, direct discrimination, indirect discrimination, incitement to discriminate, discrimination based on presumption and hate speech are considered the elemental forms of discrimination. In a number of cases, expressions of a discriminatory approach can be regarded as “affirmative action” or positive discrimination, that is to say, special actions aimed at elimination of inequality between less protected individual/ individuals or groups and the rest of society, by allowing to realise their rights and basic freedoms on the basis of equality. The struggle against discrimination is problematic in our country, too. Absence of necessary conditions to move freely for people with disabilities, unreasonable age restrictions for employment, hate speech and calls for violence in mass media against various religious organisations, forcing the relative of a person living with HIV to leave the hospital, the refusal to provide

Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ³Ïï»ñáí Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñ·»ÉùÁ ³Ûë Ï³Ù ³ÛÝ Ï»ñå ³ñï³óáÉí³Í ¿, ³ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, ³Ûë Ùáï»óáõÙÁ Ñ³ïí³Í³Ï³Ý ¿ ¨ Ï³Ý áÉáñïÝ»ñ, áñï»Õ ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýñ³å»ë ³å³Ñáíí³Í ã¿ ³ÝÓÇ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó ½»ñÍ ÙÝ³Éáõ Çñ³íáõÝùÁ: ´³óÇ ¹ñ³ÝÇó, ³½·³ÛÇÝ ûñ»Ýë¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç Ï³Ý ³ÛÝåÇëÇ µ³ó»ñ, áñáÝù ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ã»Ý ï³ÉÇë å³ï³ëË³Ý»Éáõ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÝ ³éÝãíáÕ ³Ù»Ý³ï³ññ³Ï³Ý, µ³Ûó Ã»ñ¨ë Ï³ñ¨áñ³·áõÛÝ ÑÇÙÝ³Ñ³ñó»ñÇÝ, Ù³ëÝ³íáñ³å»ë` ÙÇÝã ûñë áñ¨¿ Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ³Ïï ãÇ ë³ÑÙ³Ý»É Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ Ñ³ëÏ³óáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ¹ñ³ ¹ñë¨áñÙ³Ý Ó¨»ñÁ, ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý Ïáã»ñÇ Ñ³ëÏ³óáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ÇÝãå»ë Ý³¨ å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¹ñ³Ýó Ñ³Ù³ñ: Ü»ñÏ³ÛáõÙë Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³ÝÇ ·ñ³ë»ÝÛ³ÏÇ ¨ ÙÇ ß³ñù Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó Ùß³ÏíáõÙ ¿ §Êïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹»Ù¦ ûñ»ÝùÇ Ý³Ë³·ÇÍÁ, áñÁ Ýå³ï³ÏÇÝ Í³é³Û»Éáõ ¹»åùáõÙ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ í»ñ Ñ³Ý»É ¨ ÉáõÍ»É Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç Í³é³ó³Í í»ñáÝßÛ³É ¨ ³ÛÉ Ï³ñ¨áñ³·áõÛÝ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ:

medical services to a homosexual person who has been stabbed, and another similar and different cases are classic patterns in our society. Despite the fact that the ban on discrimination is reflected in the Constitution of RA and other legal acts, this approach is partial and there are spheres where the right of an individual to be free from discrimination is not secured. Apart from that, there are loopholes in national legislation that do not allow one to address the most basic and yet crucial problems a propos discrimination; in particular, no legal act has yet defined the term discrimination, its forms of expression, the notion of hate speech victims of which are minorities of our society. Legal consequences, as well, are not clarified. As of now, the Human Rights Defender’s Office and a number of NGOs are drafting an anti-discriminatory law, which can solve these and other serious problems.

ÈáõëÇÝ» Ô³½³ñÛ³Ý

Lusine Ghazaryan

ë»é³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝ sexual health

§ÄáõÅÏ³ÉáõÃÛáõÝ, Ñ³í³ï³ñÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõ å³Ñå³Ý³ÏÇ û·ï³·áñÍáõÙ¦. Ñ³ñó³½ñáõÛó ë»é³í³ñ³Ï³µ³Ý Ð. ÐáíÑ³ÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÇ Ñ»ï "Abstention, Loyalty and Condom use": an interview with venereologist H. Hovhannisyan

ê»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÁ ÝáõÛÝù³Ý ÑÇÝ »Ý, áñù³Ý ¨ ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: Ø»ñ ûñ»ñáõÙ ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ï³ñ³Íí³Í »Ý Çñ³ñ Ñ³Ï³ëáÕ ï³ñ³ï»ë³Ï Ñá¹í³ÍÝ»ñ áõ ÝÛáõÃ»ñ, áñáÝù Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ß÷áÃáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç ·ó»É ÁÝÃ»ñóáÕÇÝ: ²Û¹ ÇëÏ å³ï×³éáí Ù»Ýù áñáß»óÇÝù ÷áùñÇÏ ½ñáõÛó áõÝ»Ý³É ÐÐ ²Ü Ù³ßÏ³µ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ë»é³í³ñ³Ï³µ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ´¶Î ë»é³í³ñ³Ï³µ³Ý ÐáíÑ³ÝÝ»ë ÐáíÑ³ÝÝÇëÛ³ÝÇ Ñ»ï: ¼ñáõÛóÁ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óÝáõÙ »Ýù ëïáñ¨: - ØÇ ÷áùñ Ëáë»Ýù ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ³é³ç³óÙ³Ý å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÇó: - ê»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÁ ³Ù»Ý³ÑÇÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó »Ý: ºñÏ³ñ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï µáÉáñ ë»é³Ï³Ý ×³Ý³å³ñÑáí ÷áË³ÝóíáÕ í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù ÷áùñ³ÃÇí ¿ÇÝ áõ ã¿ÇÝ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏíáõÙ, ³Ýí³Ýí»É »Ý §ýñ³ÝëÇ³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ¦: Ð»ï³·³ÛáõÙ` 1900-³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇó ëÏëí»É ¿ ·áñÍ³Íí»É §í»Ý»ñ³Ï³Ý ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ¦ ï»ñÙÇÝÁ, áñÁ ³é³ÝÓÝ³óñ»É ¿ 5 ï»ë³ÏÇ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ: ÐÇÙ³ Ùáï 20 ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ ë»é³í³ñ³Ï »Ý Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ` ³Û¹ ÃíáõÙ Ý³¨ ë»é³Ï³Ý ùáëÁ, áçÉáïáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ ÙÇ ß³ñù ëÝÏ³ÛÇÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ: - ì»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇ ÁÝÃ³óùáõÙ ÷á÷áËí»±É ¿ ³ñ¹Ûáù ë»é³Ï³Ý ×³Ý³å³ñÑáí ÷áË³ÝóíáÕ í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñ áõÝ»óáÕÝ»ñÇ

Sexually transmissible infections (STIs) are as ancient as sexual relations. Nowadays there are various contradictory articles and materials on STIs which can confuse the reader. That is why we decided to have a short interview with venereologist Hovhannes Hovhannisyan from “Dermatology and STI MSC” of the RA Ministry of Health. The interview is introduced below. - Let us talk a little about the history of occurrence of sexually transmissible infections. - STIs are one of the oldest diseases. All STIs which were few and were not differentiated were called “French disease” for a long time. Then starting from the 1990s the term “venereal disease” was used. It encompassed 5 types of diseases. Nowadays about 20 diseases, including genital itch, pediculosis and a number of fungus diseases, are considered STIs. - Has the number of patients with STIs changed in Armenia in the recent years? What brings about that change? - Recently cases of gonorrhea and syphilis have quite decreased whereas cases of ureaplasma and genital warts have increased. We have started recording viral STIs rather often – hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV disease. Sexual herpes is also widely spread. As regards

ÃÇíÁ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ, ¨ ÇÝãá±í ¿ å³ÛÙ³Ý³íáñí³Í ³Û¹ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÁ: - ì»ñç»ñë µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ ùã³ó»É »Ý ·áÝáñ»³ÛÇ áõ ëÇýÇÉÇëÇ ¹»åù»ñÇ ù³Ý³ÏÁ, µ³Ûó ¹ñ³Ý Ñ³Ï³é³Ï` ³í»É³ó»É »Ý áõ»ñáåÉ³½Ù³ÛÇ áõ ë»é³Ï³Ý ·áñïÝáõÏÝ»ñÇ ¹»åù»ñÁ: ´³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ñ³×³Ë ëÏë»É »Ýù íÇñáõë³ÛÇÝ ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñ ³ñÓ³Ý³·ñ»É` Ñ»å³ïÇï B, Ñ»å³ïÇï C, ØÆ²ì í³ñ³Ï: ê»é³Ï³Ý Ñ»ñå»ëÁ ÝáõÛÝå»ë µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ñ³×³Ë ¿ Ñ³Ý¹ÇåáõÙ: ÆÝã í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ ¿ í»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ µ³ó³Ñ³Ûïí³Í ¹»åù»ñÇ ³í»É³óÙ³ÝÁ, ³å³ ¹ñ³Ýó å³ï×³é Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ Ýß»É Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ï»Õ»Ï³óí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ñÓñ³óáõÙÁ, Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»Ãá¹Ý»ñÇ µ³ñ»É³íáõÙÁ, Ñ»ï³½áï³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÝ»ñÇ ³í»É³óáõÙÁ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: ÐÝ³ñ³íáñ ¿` ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ ù³Ý³ÏÁ ãÇ ÷áËíáõÙ, µ³Ûó Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛ³Ý ¹ÇÙáÕÝ»ñÝ áõ µáõÅíáÕÝ»ñÁ ß³ï³ó»É »Ý: - Üß»ù, ËÝ¹ñáõÙ »Ù, ³é³í»É ï³ñ³Íí³Í ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÁ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ: àñá±Ýù »Ý ¹ñ³Ýó ÷áË³ÝóÙ³Ý ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý áõÕÇÝ»ñÁ: - Î³Ý³Ýó Ùáï ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï Ï³Ý¹ÇÉá½³ÛÇ áõ ëÝÏ³ÛÇÝ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ »Ý Ñ³ÛïÝ³µ»ñíáõÙ: îÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ùáï µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ñ³×³Ë áõñ»áåÉ³½Ù³ »Ýù Ñ³ÛïÝ³µ»ñáõÙ: êñ³Ýù ÏÉ³ëÇÏ ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñ ã»Ý: ²Ûë ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ½³ñ·³óÙ³ÝÁ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý Ýå³ëï»É ÃáõÛÉ ÇÙáõÝÇï»ïÁ, ë»é³Ï³Ý ÑÇ·Ç»Ý³ÛÇÝ ëË³É Ñ»ï¨»ÉÁ, ³ÝÏ³ÝáÝ ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³ÝùÁ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: ÆëÏ ÏÉ³ëÇÏ ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇó ³Ù»Ý³ï³ñ³Íí³ÍÁ ùÉ³ÙÇ¹Çá½Ý ¿: øÉ³ÙÇ¹Çá½Á ãÇ ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïíáõÙ, ãÇ ³ÝÑ³Ý·ëï³óÝáõÙ, áõ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ Ù»Í Ù³ëÁ å³ï³Ñ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛ³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï »Ý å³ñ½áõÙ, áñ áõÝ»Ý ùÉ³ÙÇ¹Çá½: - àñå»ë ë»é³í³ñ³Ï³µ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý áÉáñïáõÙ ³ßË³ïáÕ Ù³ëÝ³·»ï, ³ë³ó»ù ËÝ¹ñ»Ù, Áëï Ò»½ áñá±Ýù »Ý ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ù³µ ³é³í»É Ëáó»ÉÇ ËÙµ»ñÁ ¨ ÇÝãá±õ:

the increase of cases discovered in the recent years, their reason can be the increase in people’s awareness level, the improvement and increase of methods and testing centers, etc. The number of patients might be the same but there are more people applying for testing and receiving treatment. - Could you please mention the STIs which are more widely spread in Armenia? What are the main ways of transmitting these infections? - There are more cases of condyloma and fungus disease discovered among women in Armenia. ureaplasma is discovered among men quite frequently. These are not classic STIs. Weak immunity, wrong care of sexual hygiene, irregular sexual life, etc. can contribute to the development of these STIs. Chlamydia is one of the most widely spread classic STIs. Chlamydia does not have symptoms. It does not disturb patients and the majority of patients discover that they have chlamydia during a random medical examination. - As a specialist working in the sphere of venereology tell us please which groups are more vulnerable to STIs and why? - All those people who can have unprotected

- Êáó»ÉÇ »Ý µáÉáñ ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áíù»ñ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ³Ýå³ßïå³Ý ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»Ý³É: ÆÑ³ñÏ» Ï³ñáÕ »Ýù ³é³ÝÓÝ³óÝ»É Ù³ñÙÝ³í³×³éÝ»ñÇÝ, Ýñ³Ýó Í³é³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó û·ïíáÕÝ»ñÇÝ, îêî-Ý»ñÇÝ (ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ñ»ï ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ) ¨ Ý»ñ³ñÏ³ÛÇÝ ÃÙñ³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ û·ï³·áñÍáÕÝ»ñÇÝ áñå»ë ³é³í»É Ëáó»ÉÇ ËÙµ»ñ: - Ð³Ù³ó³ÝóÁ É»óáõÝ ¿ ï³ñ³ï»ë³Ï ·ñ³éáõÙÝ»ñáí, Çµñ §¹»é³Ñ³ëáõÃÛ³Ý ßñç³ÝáõÙ, ³Ý·³Ù ÙÇÝã¨ 24 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý, ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»Ý³ÉÝ ³í»ÉÇ Ëáó»ÉÇ ¿ ¹³ñÓÝáõÙ ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ¦: ÆëÏ ÇÝãåÇëÇ±Ý ¿ Ò»ñ ï»ë³Ï»ïÝ ³Ûë Ñ³ñóÇ ßáõñç: - ÊáëùÝ ³Û¹ù³Ý ¿É ï³ñÇùÇ Ù³ëÇÝ ã¿, ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï ½³ñ·³óí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÇ, ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñÇ áõ å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ¿: ä»ïù ã¿ í»ñóÝ»É áñáß³ÏÇ ï³ñÇù: úñÇÝ³Ï`14 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý »ë, áõÝ»ë ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñ, å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïáõ »ë ùá áõ ½áõ·ÁÝÏ»ñáç¹ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ, áõÝ»óÇ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ, á±í ¿ ù»½ Ë³Ý·³ñáõÙ: ÆÑ³ñÏ», Ñ³×³Ë å³ï³ÝÇ ïÕ³Ý»ñÁ ÇÝùÝ³Ñ³ëï³ïí»Éáõ, Ï³Ù ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇ Ùáï ·ÉáõË ·áí³Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ å³ï³Ñ³Ï³Ý áõ ãå³ßïå³Ýí³Í Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ »Ý áõÝ»ÝáõÙ, áñÁ Ýå³ëïáõÙ ¿ ë»é³í³ñ³Ï áõÝ»Ý³ÉáõÝ: ²ÛëÇÝùÝ »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÁ ß³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ ³ëå»ÏïÝ»ñ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ³Ýï»ëáõÙ »Ý. ¹ñ³ Ñ³Ù³ñ ¿É

§Ø»Ýù ³íïáÙ»ù»Ý³ ã»Ýù, áñ Ëá¹Ç ïí»óÇÝù, ³ßË³ï»ó, áõÝ»ó³í Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ, ³Ýç³ï»óÇñ, µ»Ý½ÇÝÁ åñÍ³í, í»ñç³óñÇÝù¦: Þ³ï ³í»ÉÇ Ï³ñ¨áñ »Ý ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñÝ áõ å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ ùá áõ ½áõ·ÁÝÏ»ñáç¹ ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý:

sexual intercourse. Certainly we can single out prostitutes, those using their services, MSM (men having sexual contacts with men), and injecting drug users as more vulnerable groups. - The Internet is full of various records stating that “having sexual intercourse in the juvenile age, even till 24 years, makes people more vulnerable to STIs.” What is your opinionera on this issue? - The matter is not the age but rather the intellectual level, knowledge and responsibility. No need to stick to a certain age. For instance, if you are 14, have certain knowledge, are responsible for your partner’s and your health, feel free to have intercourse. Certainly teenagers often have random and unprotected sexual contacts for self-assertion or for boasting among friends which contributes to catching an STI, i.e. young people mostly ignore very significant aspects. For this reason young people are more vulnerable.

"We are not engines to start, work, have contact, be turned off, the fuel is over and that’s it." Of greater importance are knowledge and responsibility for your partner’s and your own health.

»ñÇï³ë³ñ¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ ³í»ÉÇ Ëáó»ÉÇ ¿: - ²í»ÉÇ ß³ï á±ñ ï³ñÇù³ÛÇÝ ËÙµÇ áõ áñ ë»éÇ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ »Ý ¹ÇÙáõÙ Ò»½` ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ñ»ï³½áïí»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: - ÎáÝÏñ»ï ÇÙ åñ³ÏïÇÏ³ÛáõÙ` 20-25 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÝ »Ý ¹ÇÙáõÙ: ÀÝ¹ áñáõÙ, ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï ¹ÇÙáõÙ »Ý ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áñáíÑ»ï¨ Ýñ³Ýó Ñ³Ù³ñ ë»é³í³ñ³Ï³µ³ÝÇÝ ¹ÇÙ»ÉÁ ³Û¹ù³Ý ¿É í³ñÏ³µ»ÏÇã ã¿: ´³Ûó Ï³Ý³Ûù, Ñ³ïÏ³å»ë ³Û¹ ï³ñÇùÇ, ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ß³ï Éáõñç ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇ ¹»åùáõÙ »Ý ¹ÇÙáõÙ ÙÇ³ÛÝ, ù³ÝÇ áñ »ÝÃ³¹ñíáõÙ ¿ Ý³Ë³³ÙáõëÝ³Ï³Ý ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³Ýù: - Ð³ë³Ý»ÉÇ± ¿ ³ñ¹Ûáù ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ µáõÅáõÙÁ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý µáÉáñ ß»ñï»ñÇÝ: - Ð³ë³Ý»ÉÇ ¿ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ·ñ»Ã» áÕç ï³ñ³ÍùáõÙ: ÆÑ³ñÏ», Ï³Ý Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ÙÇ³ÛÝ ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ »Ý ÑÝ³ñ³íáñ ¨ ó³íáù, áã µáÉáñ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ËÙµ»ñÇÝ »Ý Ñ³ë³Ý»ÉÇ. áñ³ÏÛ³É ¹»Õáñ³ÛùÁ Ã³ÝÏ³ñÅ»ù ¿: âÝ³Û³Í Ï³Ý ï³ñ³ï»ë³Ï Íñ³·ñ»ñ, áñáÝó ÙÇçáóáí áñáß ËÙµ»ñ, ûñÇÝ³Ï` îêî-Ý»ñ, Ù³ñÙÝ³í³×³éÝ»ñ áõ Ý»ñ³ñÏ³ÛÇÝ ÃÙñ³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ û·ï³·áñÍáÕÝ»ñ, å³ñµ»ñ³µ³ñ Ñ»ï³½áïíáõÙ áõ µáõÅíáõÙ »Ý ³Ýí×³ñ ³ñ¹»Ý 2 ï³ñÇ ¿` Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáõÙ »Ýù ÝÙ³Ý³ïÇå Íñ³·Çñ îêî-Ý»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: - Æ±Ýã Ñ³×³Ë³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ ¿ ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ³ÝóÝ»É Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ: -Ð»ï³½áïí»É ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ¿ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ³Ýå³ßïå³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ñ»ïá: ¶Çï»±ù, Ï³ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ÙÇ ËáõÙµ, áñ å³ñµ»ñ³µ³ñ Ñ»ï³½áïíáõÙ »Ý` 3-Çó 6 ³ÙÇëÁ Ù»Ï, áõ Ñ³Ùá½í³Í »Ý, áñ ËÝ¹Çñ ãáõÝ»Ý: Ø»Ýù áõÝ»ó»É »Ýù ¹»åù, »ñµ 17-18 ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ïÕ³Ý ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ áõÝ»ó»É áõ í³ñ³Ïí»É ¿ ØÆ²ì-áí: ²ÛëÇÝùÝ í³ñ³Ïí»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ áã ÙÇ Ý³Ë³å³ÛÙ³Ý ãÏ³, ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ù»ÝÁ §å»ïù ¿¦ ³Ýå³ßïå³Ý ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ:

- People of which age group and gender apply to you more for STI testing? - In my own practice 20-25-year-old young people apply. Men apply more as applying to a venereologist is not so compromising for them. But women - especially of that age - mostly apply only in case of very grave problems as premarital sexual life is supposed. - How frequently should one be tested for STIs? - One should be tested after each unprotected sexual intercourse. You know, there is a group of people who are examined on a regular basis – once per 3 or per 6 weeks - and they are sure that they have no problem. We have had a case when a 17-18-year-old boy had the first sexual experience in life and was infected with HIV. I.e. there is no precondition for getting infected; unprotected sexual contact is more than enough.

Any unprotected intercourse should be assessed as perilous and risky for catching an STI. Of course, loyal and tested partners’ relations form an exception.

- What consequences can the complications of not treating STIs have? - Any illness which is complicated has consequences. An STI itself is a serious problem both at the current moment and later on. Reproductive health problems (impotence, sterility, etc.) may occur if patients are not treated.

ò³Ï³ó³Í ãå³ßïå³Ýí³Í Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ, å»ïù ¿ ·Ý³Ñ³ï»É áñå»ë íï³Ý·³íáñ, áñå»ë éÇëÏ³ÛÇÝ` ë»é³í³ñ³Ï Ó»éùµ»ñ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ÆÑ³ñÏ», µ³ó³éáõÃÛáõÝ »Ý Ñ»ï³½áïí³Í áõ Ñ³í³ï³ñÇÙ ½áõÝ·ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ:

- ÆÝãåÇëÇ± Ñ»ï¨³ÝùÝ»ñ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý áõÝ»Ý³É ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ãµáõÅÙ³Ý µ³ñ¹³óáõÙÝ»ñÁ: -ò³ÝÏ³ó³Í ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ, áñÁ µ³ñ¹³ó³í, ³ñ¹»Ý Ñ»ï¨³ÝùÝ»ñ áõÝÇ: ê»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ, ÇÝùÝÇÝ, ³ñ¹»Ý ÇëÏ Éáõñç ËÝ¹Çñ ¿, ÇÝãå»ë ³Ûë å³ÑÇÝ, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É Ñ»ï³·³ÛáõÙ: âµáõÅí»Éáõ ¹»åùáõÙ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ³é³ç³Ý³É í»ñ³ñï³¹ñáÕ³Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ (ÇÙåáï»ÝóÇ³ÛÇ ½³ñ·³óáõÙ, ãµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ): ÆëÏ ûñÇÝ³Ï ëÇýÇÉÇëÇ ãµáõÅÙ³Ý ¹»åùáõÙ ÑÝ³ñ³íáñ »Ý ÏÛ³ÝùÇÝ ëå³éÝ³óáÕ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ: Þ³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ ¿ ÑÇß»É áõ ÙÇßï ß»ßï³¹ñ»É, áñ ûñ·³ÝÇ½ÙáõÙ ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ³éÏ³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ù»Í³óÝáõÙ ¿

For instance, there might be life threatening problems in case syphilis is not treated. It is highly important to remember and stress that the presence of STIs in the organism increase the probability of sexual transmission of HIV. - What are the main reasons which make people abstain from STI testing? - First of all, people do not assess and realize

ë»é³Ï³Ý ×³Ý³å³ñÑáí ØÆ²ì-Ç ÷áË³ÝóÙ³Ý Ñ³í³Ý³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: - Àëï Ò»½ áñá±Ýù »Ý ³ÛÝ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý å³ï×³éÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù Ñ»ï »Ý å³ÑáõÙ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ñ»ï³½áïí»Éáõó: - ²é³çÇÝ Ñ»ñÃÇÝ, Ù³ñ¹Á é»³É ãÇ ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõÙ áõ ãÇ ·Çï³ÏóáõÙ Çñ` ë»é³í³ñ³Ï áõÝ»Ý³Éáõ éÇëÏÁ: ºë ß³ï Ñ³×³Ë »Ù ÉëáõÙ, áñ §»ë Ý»Ýó Ù³ñ¹áõ Ñ»ï »Ù ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ, áñ Çñ³ Ùáï ë»é³í³ñ³Ï ã¿ñ ÉÇÝÇ¦, Ï³Ù ûñÇÝ³Ï §¿¹ ÏÇÝÁ ³ÙáõëÝ³ó³Í ¿ñ, áõñ»ÙÝ Çñ³ Ùáï ãÇ Ï³ñ³ ë»é³í³ñ³Ï ÉÇÝÇ¦: 2-ñ¹Á §¹³Ý³ÏÁ áëÏáñÇÝ Ñ³ëÝ»Éáõ¦ ëÏ½µáõÝùÝ ¿ ·áñÍáõÙ: ²Ý·³Ù ·³Ý·³ï áõÝ»Ý³Éáõ ¹»åùáõÙ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ Ñ³×³Ë ã»Ý ¹ÇÙáõÙ µÅßÏÇ: 3-ñ¹Á` Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ³Ù³ãáõÙ »Ý, Ñ³ïÏ³å»ë ÷áùñ ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñáõÙ, áñï»Õ µáÉáñÝ Çñ³ñ ×³Ý³ãáõÙ »Ý: 4-ñ¹Á ýÇÝ³Ýë³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝ ¿. Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ã³ÝÏ »Ý: àõ Ã»ñ¨ë ³Ù»Ý³í»ñçÇÝ ï»ÕáõÙ, ¹³ µáõÅ³ÝÓÝ³Ï³½ÙÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÝ áõ å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÝ »Ý, áñÁ Ù»Ýù ÇÝã-áñ ã³÷áí ÷áñÓáõÙ »Ýù ÉáõÍ»É: ²í»ÉÇ µ³Ûñ³ó³Ï³Ù í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùáí µ³ñ»Ýå³ëï å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÇ ëï»ÕÍÙ³Ùµ` Ýå³ëïáõÙ »Ýù Ñ»ï³½áïí»ÉáõÝ: - Ò»ñ áõÕ»ñÓÁ Ù»ñ ÁÝÃ»ñóáÕÇÝ: - âáõÝ»Ý³É ³Ýå³ßïå³Ý ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³Ýù: ²Ù»Ý³Ï³ñ¨áñÁ ³Ûë 3 ëÏ½áõÝùÝ»ñÝ »Ý §ÅáõÅÏ³ÉáõÃÛáõÝ, Ñ³í³ï³ñÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõ å³Ñå³Ý³ÏÇ û·ï³·áñÍáõÙ¦: ÄáõÅÏ³ÉáõÃÛáõÝ, »Ã» ïíÛ³É ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ Ó»½ Ñ³Ù³ñ íï³Ý·³íáñ ÉÇÝ»É, áõñ»ÙÝ ³Û¹ù³Ý áõÅ áõÝ»ó»°ù áõ Ññ³Å³ñí»°ù ³Û¹ Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÇó: Ð³í³ï³ñÙáõÃÛáõÝ, »Ã» ¹áõù áõ½áõÙ »ù áõÝ»Ý³É ë»é³Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ³µ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ, áõñ»ÙÝ áõÝ»ó»ù Ñ³í³ï³ñÇÙ ½áõ·ÁÝÏ»ñáç Ñ»ï: ÆëÏ »Ã» í»ñáÝßÛ³É å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñÁ Ó»½ Ñ³Ù³ñ ³ÝÑÝ³ñÇÝ ¿, áõñ»ÙÝ ·áÝ» û·ï³·áñÍ»°ù å³Ñå³Ý³Ï:

the risk of having an STI. I often hear “I’m having sex with a person who would hardly have an STI,” or for instance “That woman was married. So she couldn’t have an STI.” Secondly, there are people who apply only when the situation is out of control. People often do not apply to the doctor even when they have complaints. Thirdly, people are timid particularly in small towns where everybody knows each other. Next, there is the financial side. Medical examinations are rather expensive. And at last, the conditions and attitude of the medical personnel matter. We try to solve that problem to a certain extent. We contribute to testing by creating favorable conditions through our courteous attitude. - What message would you address to our readers? - Avoid unprotected sex! The most significant principles are “ abstention, loyalty and condom use.” Abstention - if a given sexual intercourse can be perilous for you be strong enough to avoid it. Loyalty - if you want to have sexual intercourse, have it with a loyal partner. If the above-mentioned terms are impossible for you, use condoms at least. Artush Rushanyan

²ñïáõß èáõß³ÝÛ³Ý

ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛáõÝ social justice

Þåñïí³Í µ³é»ñ, Çñ³Ï³Ý Ñ»ï¨³ÝùÝ»ñ Thrown words, real consequences

²ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ (Ýí³ëï³óáõÙÝ»ñÁ) ³Ýó³ÝÏ³ÉÇ, ³·ñ»ëÇí í³ñù ¿ ¹åñáó³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ßñç³ÝáõÙ, áñÁ Ý»ñ³éáõÙ ¿ Çñ³Ï³Ý Ï³Ù »ÝÃ³¹ñÛ³É áõÅ»ñÇ ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñ³ÏßéáõÃÛáõÝ, ¨ ÏñÏÝí»Éáõ Ñ³ïÏáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ: Ø³ëÝ³·»ïÝ»ñÁ ï³ñµ»ñáõÙ »Ý Ýë»Ù³óÙ³Ý Ñ»ï¨Û³É ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñÁ` ýÇ½ÇÏ³Ï³Ý - Ñ³ñí³Í»É, Ãù»É, ÑñÙßï»É, áõñÇßÇ Çñ»ñÇÝ ïÇñ³Ý³É Ï³Ù ç³ñ¹»É, Ùï³¹Çñ, Ï³Ù ÏáåÇï ß³ñÅáõÙÝ»ñ Ï³ï³ñ»É, áñáÝù Ï³ñáÕ »Ý íÝ³ë»É Ù³ñ¹áõ Ù³ñÙÇÝÁ Ï³Ù ·áõÛùÁ, µ³Ý³íáñ - Í³Õñ»É, ëå³éÝ³É, åÇï³Ï³íáñ»É, ³ÝÑ³ñÏÇ ë»é³Ï³Ý µÝáõÛÃÇ Ù»ÏÝ³µ³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ³Ý»É, Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý / ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý - ¹Çï³íáñÛ³É ËÙµÇó íï³ñ»É / ãÁÝ¹áõÝ»É, µ³Ùµ³ë³ÝùÝ»ñ ï³ñ³Í»É, í³Ë»óÝ»É, Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³ÛÝáñ»Ý í³ñÏ³µ»Ï»É, ë»é³Ï³Ý - ÑåáõÝ»ñ, Ñ³ñÓ³ÏáõÙÝ»ñ, µéÝÇ ·áñÍáÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ »õ ³ÛÉÝ, ÏÇµ»ñ-Ýí³ëï³óáõÙÝ»ñ / ÏÇµ»ñë³¹ñ³Ýù ï»ùëï³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Õáñ¹³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, ëå³éÝ³ÉÇùÝ»ñ, ³Ýå³ñÏ»ßï ÝÏ³ñÝ»ñ íÇñ³íáñ³Ï³Ý ÝÛáõÃ»ñ áõÕ³ñÏ»ÉÁ Ï³Ù ï³ñ³Í»ÉÁ ÇÝï»ñÝ»ïÇ Ï³Ù ³ÛÉ ï»ËÝáÉá·Ç³Ý»ñÇ ÙÇçáóáí: ²ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý Ýë»Ù³óáõÙÁ ï³ñ³Íí³Í ¿, µ³Ûó ³ÛÝ ãå»ïù ¿ ¹ÇïíÇ áñå»ë ÝáñÙ³É »ñ¨áõÛÃ: ²ÛÝ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ³½¹»É Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñÇ íñ³, áõ Éáõñç, »ñÏ³ñ³ï»õ Ñ»ï¨³ÝùÝ»ñ ÃáÕÝ»É (Ñá·»Ï³Ý ³éáÕçáõÃÛ³Ý ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ, ÃÙñ³¹»Õ»ñÇ û·ï³·áñÍáõÙ ¨ ÇÝùÝ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ) ÙÇÝã¨ ÇëÏ

Bulling is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children and youth that involves a real or perceived power imbalance and has the potential to be repeated over time. The specialists identify the following types of bullying: Physical: hitting, spitting, pushing, taking or breaking someone’s things, making mean or rude gestures is hurting a person’s body or possessions; Verbal: teasing, threatening, name-calling, inappropriate sexual comments, taunting, threatening to cause harm; Psychological / Social: excluding someone out of the group on purpose, spreading rumors, intimidating, embarrassing someone in public; Sexual: touching, assault, exhibitionism, etc; Cyberbullying: sending or posting text messages, threats, indecent photos or hurtful material through internet or other forms of technology. Bullying is common, but it should not be viewed as a normal part of child growth. It can affect everyone and may lead to serious, lasting problems (including impacts on mental health, substance use, and suicide) that may persist into adulthood. That’s why it is important to address such behavior in complex – family, school and

»ñÇï³ë³ñ¹ áõ Ñ³ëáõÝ ï³ñÇùáõÙ: ²Û¹ ÇëÏ å³ï×³éáí ÝÙ³Ý³ïÇå í³ñùÁ Ñ³ëó»³·ñ»ÉÇë ß³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ »Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ, ¹åñáóÇ, Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ÉÇñ ç³Ýù»ñÁ, ¨ ËÝ¹ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ÏáÕÙ³ÝÇ áõëáõÙÝ³ëÇñáõÙÁ` Ýë»Ù³óÙ³Ý »ÝÃ³ñÏáÕÇ, »ÝÃ³ñÏíáÕÇ ¨ ³Ï³Ý³ï»ëÇ ï»ë³ÝÏÛáõÝÇó: ºñ»Ë³Ý»ñÁ, áíù»ñ Ýë»Ù³óÙ³Ý »Ý »ÝÃ³ñÏíáõÙ ³é³í»É Ñ³×³Ë ÁÝÏ³ÉíáõÙ »Ý áñå»ë` • Çñ»Ýó Ñ³ë³Ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÇó ï³ñµ»ñíáÕ, ÇÝãåÇ-

community efforts and investigate it from both people who bullies, who is bullied and bystanders’ perspectives. Children who are bullied are more likely perceived as: • different from their peers, such as being overweight or underweight, wearing glasses or different clothing, being new to a school, or being unable to afford what is considered “cool”,

ëÇù »Ý ³í»É Ï³Ù å³Ï³ë ù³ß áõÝ»Ý³ÉÁ, ³ÏÝáó Ïñ»ÉÁ, ï³ñµ»ñíáÕ Ñ³·áõëïÁ, ¹åñáóáõÙ Ýáñ»Ï ÉÇÝ»ÉÁ, Ï³Ù ãÇ Ï³ñáÕ Çñ»Ý ÃáõÛÉ ï³É å³Ñí³Íù, áñÁ Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ ¿ §ÃáõÛÝ, ½ÇÉ¦, • ÃáõÛÉ Ï³Ù áã áõÝ³Ï ÇÝùÝ³å³ßïå³Ýí»Éáõ, • ×Ýßí³Í, Ï³Ù ó³Íñ ÇÝùÝ³·Ý³Ñ³ï³Ï³Ýáí, • å³Ï³ë Ñ³ÛïÝÇ, ù³Ý ÙÛáõëÝ»ñÁ, ÇÝùÝ³Ù÷á÷, • È¶´î »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñ, Ñ³ßÙ³Ý¹³ÙáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»óáÕ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, ¨ ëáóÇ³É³å»ë Ù»Ïáõë³óí³Í »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ³Ûë éÇëÏ³ÛÇÝ ·áñÍáÝÝ»ñÇ ³éÏ³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¹»é¨ë å³ñï³¹Çñ Ýë»Ù³óÙ³Ý Ý³Ë³å³ÛÙ³Ý ã¿: ìï³Ý·Á Ï³ñáÕ ¿ Ù»Í³Ý³É, »ñµ

• weak or unable to defend themselves, • depressed, anxious, or have low self esteem, • less popular than others and have few friends, • LBGT youth, people living with disabilities, and socially isolated youth. However, even if a child has these risk factors, it doesn’t mean that they will be bullied. This risk can be increased further when these kids are not supported by parents, peers, and schools.

ÝÙ³Ý »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÁ ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝ ã»Ý ëï³ÝáõÙ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇó, ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇó ¨ ¹åñáóáõÙ: Ø³ëÝ³·»ïÝ»ñÁ Ù³ïÝ³ÝßáõÙ »Ý ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ å³ñ½ ù³ÛÉ»ñ, áñ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÝ áõ ³ÛÉ ã³÷³Ñ³ëÝ»ñÁ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ÏÇñ³é»É` Ï³ÝË»Éáõ ¨ Ï³ÝË³ñ·»É»Éáõ ³Û¹ »ñ¨áõÛÃÁ: 1. àõß³¹Çñ »Õ»ù »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å. Ýë»Ù³óáõÙÁ Ý³Ë³½·áõß³óÝáÕ Ýß³ÝÝ»ñÝ »Ý` • ³Ýµ³ó³ïñ»ÉÇ íÝ³ëí³ÍùÝ»ñ, • Ïáñóñ³Í Ï³Ù ç³ñ¹í³Í Çñ»ñ, • Ñ³×³Ë³ÏÇ Ï»ÕÍ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ (·ÉË³ó³í, ëï³ÙáùëÇ ó³í ¨ ³ÛÉÝ), • Ý³ËÏÇÝ Ñ»ï³ùñùáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ, ¹åñáóÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å Ñ»ï³ùñùñáõÃÛ³Ý Ïáñáõëï, ³é³ç³¹ÇÙáõÃÛ³Ý ³ÝÏáõÙ, • ÇÝùÝ³Ù÷á÷ í³ñù³·ÇÍ, ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ Ù³ëÝ³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ñÅáõÙ, • ³Ýû·ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ½·³óáõÙ, ÇÝùÝ³íëï³ÑáõÃÛ³Ý Ýí³½áõÙ, ÇÝùÝ³ëå³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ Ùïù»ñ: Ø³ëÝ³·»ïÝ»ñÁ Ñ³Ùá½í³Í »Ý, áñ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÁ, Çñáù,ëå³ëáõÙ »Ý ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ËáñÑñ¹ÇÝ áõ û·ÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ¹Åí³ñ áñáßáõÙÝ»ñ Ï³Û³óÝ»ÉÇë: 2. ºñµ»ÙÝ ³Ù»ÝûñÛ³ 15 ñáå» ½ñáõÛóÁ »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ Ñ»ï, Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ß³ï µ³Ý ÷áË»É: ²ÛÝåÇëÇ Ñ³ñó»ñÁ` ÇÝã É³í µ³Ý ¿ Ï³ï³ñí»É ³Ûëûñ ¹åñáóáõÙ, ÇÝã í³ï, ÇÝãå»ë »Ý ³ÝóÝáõÙ ¹³ë³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ¹, ×³Ý³å³ñÑÇÝ ÇÝãáí »ù ½µ³ÕíáõÙ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ, Ï³ñáÕ »Ý »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ ¹ñëÇ ÏÛ³ÝùÇ Çñ³Ï³Ý å³ïÏ»ñÁ µ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»É: 3. Êáë»ù Ýí³ëï³óÙ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ` áõÕÇÕ ¨ å³ñ½: ä³ñ½»ù, Ã» Áëï Çñ»Ýó ÇÝã ¿ Ýë»Ù³óáõÙÁ, áíù»ñ, ÇÝãáõ ¨ áõÙ »Ý Ýë»Ù³óÝáõÙ, ³ñ¹Ûáù ³Ï³Ý³ï»ë »Ý »Õ»É ÝÙ³Ý ¹»åùÇ,ÇÝã »Ý ½·³ó»É, ÇëÏ ÇÝãå»ë Ïí³ñí»ÇÝ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ : ÜÙ³Ý Ñ³ñó»ñÁ ãáõÝ»Ý ×Çßï Ï³Ù ëË³É å³ï³ëË³Ý, µ³Ûó ¹ñ³Ýó ³½ÝÇí å³ï³ëË³Ý»ÉÁ, ÍÝáÕÇÝ Ïï³Ý Çñ³Ï³Ý å³ïÏ»ñ³óáõÙ íï³Ý·Ç í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É: ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï¨ µ³ó³ïñ»ù, Ã» Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ÇÝã ¿ ¹³, ÇÝãå»ë ¿ ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïíáõÙ, ÇÝãå»ë å³ßïå³Ýí»É Ï³Ù ³ñÓ³·³Ýù»É: Ü³Û»ù áñáß³ÏÇ ï»ë³ÑáÉáí³ÏÝ»ñ ËÝ¹ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É ¨ ùÝÝ³ñÏ»ù ¹ñ³Ýù:

Children who are bullied are more likely to experts point out a few simple steps that parents and other adults can use to prevent and stove off this phenomenon. 1. Be attentive to children – warning signs of bullying are those: • unexplainable injuries, • lost or destroyed possessions, • frequent faking illness /headache, stomach ache, etc, • loss of interest in schoolwork, in activities they used to enjoy, decreased academic achievement, • offishness, avoidance of social situations, • feelings of helplessness or decreased self esteem, talking about suicide. Specialists are convinced that children really do look to parents for advice and help on tough decisions. 2. Sometimes spending 15 minutes a day on a routine talk may change things: Ask such questions as: Did any good thing happen in the school? What about a bad one? How it looks like your lunch time? How is on the way to school? What are you doing then? Answers to such questions may help you find out about kid out of home life. 3. Speak about bullying straight and clear. Ask what is bullying for them, what do they think about bullies, who, why and whom people bully, have they witnessed bullying, how they felt, what they will do, if and etc. These questions don’t have true or false answers, but the honest answer may give a parent real perceptions about bullying risk. Afterwards, explain them what bullying is, how it may express, and how to stand up to it safely or report when you are a witness. Watch some videos on bullying issues and

4. îí»ù ·ñ³·»ï å³ßïå³Ýí»Éáõ ËáñÑáõñ¹Ý»ñ: • Ì³Õñ³ÝùÁ Ï³ï³ÏÇ í»ñ³Í»É. ë³ É³í³·áõÛÝ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÝ ¿, »Ã» Ï³ï³Ï»ÉÁ Ùáï¹ É³í ¿ ëï³óíáõÙ: • Ü³Û»É ë³¹ñáÕÇÝ ¨ Ñ³Ý·Çëï ïáÝáí å³Ñ³Ýç»É ¹³ í»ñç³óÝ»É: • ºÃ» Ëáë»ÉÁ ¹Åí³ñ ¿ Ï³Ù ³Ýíï³Ý· ã¿, áõÕÕ³ÏÇ ³ñÑ³Ù³ñÑ»É ¨ Ñ»é³Ý³É: • ºñµ»ù ãÑ³Ï³¹³ñÓ»É ÏéíÇÝ: ¶ïÝ»É ÙÇ ã³÷³Ñ³ëÇ, áí ÏÏ³Ý·»ÝóÇ ë³¹ñáõÙÁ Ñ»Ýó ï»ÕáõÙ: ÆëÏ Ñ»ï¨Û³É ËáñÑáõñ¹Ý»ñÁ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ û·ï³·áñÍ»É Ñ»ï³·³ ³Ýíï³Ý·áõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: • Êáë»É íëï³Ñ»ÉÇ Ù»Í³Ñ³ë³ÏÇ Ñ»ï: ¼·³óÙáõÝùÝ»ñÁ Ý»ñëáõÙ å³Ñ»É ãÇ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ: Ø»Í³Ñ³ë³ÏÝ»ñÁ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý û·Ý»É Ý³¨ Ñ³ÕÃ³Ñ³ñ»É ¹³, ÇëÏ å³ïÙ»ÉÁ Ïû·ÝÇ ³í»ÉÇ ùÇã ÙÇ³ÛÝáõÃÛáõÝ ½·³É: • Êáõë³÷»É í³Ûñ»ñÇó, áñï»Õ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ ³Ñ³µ»ÏÙ³Ý »ÝÃ³ñÏí»É: • ØÝ³É Ù³ñ¹³ß³ï í³Ûñ»ñáõÙ ¨ ÙÛáõë Ñ³ë³Ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï: Þ³ï ³Ñ³µ»ÏÙ³Ý ¹»åù»ñ ï»ÕÇ »Ý áõÝ»ÝáõÙ, »ñµ ã³÷³Ñ³ëÝ»ñÁ Ý»ñÏ³ ã»Ý: 5. ºÕ»ù »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ ¹åñáóÇ ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ ³ÏïÇí: Ø³ëÝ³Ïó»ù ¹åñáóÇ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ, Ñ³ëï³ï»ù Ï³å ³ÛÉ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï, áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: êñ³Ýù å³ñ½ áõÕÇÝ»ñ »Ý, áñ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÁ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý û·ï³·áñÍ»É` íëï³Ñ»óÝ»Éáõ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ, áñ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ ³é³ç³Ý³Éáõ ¹»åùáõÙ Ýñ³Ýù Ù»Ý³Ï ã»Ý: àõëáõÙÝ³ëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ óáõÛó »Ý ïí»É, áñ »ÉÝ»Éáí ÙÇ ß³ñù Ùï³í³ËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó,

discuss them. 4. Give tips how to resist it: • Laugh it off - this is best working variant if joking is easy for you. • Look at the bullying person and tell to stop in a calm, clear voice. • If speaking up seems too hard or not safe, walk away and stay away. • Never fight back. Find an adult to stop the bullying on the spot. The following tips may help you to stay safe in the future, too. • Talk to a trustful adult trust. Never keep your feelings inside. Adults can help to stop it, while telling someone can help you feel less alone. • Stay away from places where bullying happens. • Stay near adults and other children. • Most bullying happens when adults aren’t around. 5. Be active in child school life: Attend to school events, establish contacts with teachers, classmates parents, etcsimple ways that parents can use to assure

»ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÁ ã»Ý ËáëáõÙ Ýí³ëï³óáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ` Ñ³ïÏ³å»ë Ù»Í³Ñ³ë³ÏÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï: Ø³ñ¹ÇÏ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ÇÙ³Ý³É, Ã» ÇÝã»ñ »Ý ËáëáõÙ Çñ»Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ` ³ÝÏ³Ë ¹³ ×Çßï ¿, Ã» ëË³É, Ï¹³ï³å³ñï»Ý Çñ»Ýó Ï³Ù Ïå³ïÅ»Ý ÃáõÛÉ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ºñ»Ë³Ý ½·áõÙ ¿ ³Ýû·Ý³Ï³Ý, Ýñ³Ý ÃíáõÙ ¿` áã áù ãÇ Ñá·áõÙ Çñ Ù³ëÇÝ, Ï³Ù ãÇ Ï³ñáÕ Ñ³ëÏ³Ý³É Çñ»Ý: ØÇ ù³ÝÇëÝ ¿É ó³ÝÏ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ÇÝùÝáõñáõÛÝ ÉáõÍ»É Çñ»Ýó ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÁ, áñå»ë½Ç í»ñ·ïÝ»Ý ë»÷³Ï³Ý ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Üñ³Ýó û·Ý»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ, å»ïù ¿ Ëáõë³÷»É ³ÛëåÇëÇ ëË³Ý»ñÇó. • ØÇ° Ù»Ïáõë³óñ»ù Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕÇÝ. Ù»Ïáõë³óáõÙÁ ãÇ Ýí³½»óÝáõÙ ë³¹ñÇã å³Ñí³ÍùÁ: • ØÇ° ÷áñÓ»ù ÉáõÍ»É ÏáÝýÉÇÏïÁ Ñ³ßï»óÙ³Ùµ: ²ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý Ýë»Ù³óáõÙÁ ÏáÝýÉÇÏï ã¿ Ñ³í³ë³½áñ ¨ Ù»ÕùÇ ÝáõÛÝ ã³÷³µ³ÅÝáí ³ÝÓ³Ýó ÙÇç¨: ²é»ñ»ëáõÙÁ ë³¹ñÇãÇ Ñ»ï Ï³ñáÕ ¿ Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ ³é³ç³óÝ»É Ýë»Ù³óí³Í »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ Ùáï: • ØÇ° ùÝÝ³ñÏ»ù Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕÇ ³ñ³ñùÝ»ñÁ ËÙµ³Ï³ÛÇÝ: ÊÙµÇ ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÁ Ñ³Ïí³Í »Ý ÏÇñ³é»Éáõ ÝÙ³Ý³ïÇå í³ñù ÙÇÙÛ³Ýó Ñ³Ý¹»å Ñ»ï³·³ÛáõÙ: • ºñµ»ù ÙÇ° Ñáñ¹áñ»ù »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ ³Ýï³ñµ»ñ ÉÇÝ»É ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕ »ñ¨áõÛÃÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å. • ØÇ° Ù»Õ³¹ñ»ù »ñ»Ë³ÛÇÝ, áñ Ýí³ëï»óÙ³Ý ¿ »ÝÃ³ñÏí»É. áã áù ³ñÅ³ÝÇ ã¿ Ýë»Ù³óÙ³Ý: • ºñµ»ù ËáñÑáõñ¹ ÙÇ° ïí»ù »ñ»Ë³ÛÇÝ ýÇ½ÇÏ³å»ë å³Ûù³ñ»É Ýë»Ù³óÙ³Ý ¹»Ù: • Êáõë³÷»ù ë³¹ñÇã »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ³ÝÙÇç³Ï³Ý Ï³åÇó. ¹³ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ µ³ñ¹»óÝ»É Çñ³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: öáË³ñ»ÝÁ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ áñå»ë ÙÇçÝáñ¹ Ý»ñ·ñ³í»É ¹Áå-ñáóÇÝ, Ï³Ù ³ÛÉ å³ßïáÝ³ï³ñ ³ÝÓ³Ýó: Ø³ñÇ³ ²µñ³Ñ³ÙÛ³Ý ú·ï³·áñÍí³Í ³ÕµÛáõñÁ` stopbullying.gov

kids that they are not alone in addressing any problems arise. Studies showed that children are not eager to talk about bullying especially with adults because of some reasons. Kids may not want adults to know what is being said about them, whether true or false. They may also fear that adults will judge them or punish them for being weak. Bullying can make a child feel helpless- no one cares or could understand them. While some of them may want to handle it on their own to feel in control again. So in order to help them, avoid such mistakes: • Suspending or expelling students who bully does not reduce bullying behavior. • Conflict resolution and peer mediation don’t work for bullying. Bullying is not a conflict between people of equal power who share equal blame. Facing those who have bullied may further upset kids who have been bullied. • Group treatment for students who bully doesn’t work. Group members tend to reinforce bullying behavior in each other. • Never tell the child to ignore bullying. • Do not blame the child for being bullied: no one deserves to be bullied. • Never advice a child to physically fight back against the bully. • Parents should resist the urge to contact the other parents involved. It may make matters worse. School or other officials can act as mediators between parents . Maria Abrahamyan Used source: stopbullying.gov

ÆëÏ ÇÝãá±õ »Ý »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÁ ë³¹ñáõÙ Why do children bully?

ºñµ»ÙÝ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÁ Í³ÕñáõÍ³Ý³ÏÇ »Ý »ÝÃ³ñÏáõÙ ³ÛÉáó, áñå»ë½Ç ãï³ñµ»ñí»Ý ÙÛáõëÝ»ñÇó ¨ ÉÇÝ»Ý ÁÝ¹áõÝ»ÉÇ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ, »ñµ»ÙÝ ¿É ¹³ ³ÝáõÙ »Ý, áñáíÑ»ï¨ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ »Ý áõÝ»Ý (ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ ï³ÝÁ, í³ï í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝù ³ÛÉáó ÏáÕÙÇó, ëÃñ»ë), ÇÝãå»ë Ý³¨ ÑÝ³ñ³íáñ ¿` Çñ»Ýù ¿É »Ý »ÝÃ³ñÏí»É Ýë»Ù³óÙ³Ý: ÜÙ³Ý ³ÝÑ³ïÝ»ñÁ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ÉÇÝ»É Ïéí³ñ³ñ, ã³ñ³ß³Ñ»É ³ÉÏáÑáÉ, ÃÙñ³¹»Õ»ñ, ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ áõÝ»Ý³É ¹åñáóÇ ïÝûñÇÝáõÃÛ³Ý, áõëáõóã³Ï³Ý Ï³½ÙÇ Ñ»ï, ÇÝãå»ë Ý³¨ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý í³ï í»ñ³µ»ñí»É Çñ»Ýó »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ, ½áõ·ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇÝ, µéÝáõÃÛáõÝ ¹ñë¨áñ»É áõ óáõó³µ»ñ»É ³ÛÉ éÇëÏ³ÛÇÝ í³ñù³·ÇÍ Ñ³ëáõÝ ï³ñÇùáõÙ: ºÃ» Ó»ñ ßñç³å³ïáõÙ áñ¨¿ »ñ»Ë³ ËÇëï ³·ñ»ëÇí ¿, ã³÷³½³Ýó ß³ï ¿ Ùñó³ÏóáõÙ Ï³Ù ³ÝÑ³Ý·ëï³ÝáõÙ Çñ Ñ³Ùµ³íÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ, å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïáõ ã¿ Çñ ³ñ³ùÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ,³ÝÑ³Ûï å³ï×³éÝ»áí ³í»Éáñ¹ ·áõÙ³ñ Ï³Ù Çñ»ñ ¿ áõÝ»ÝáõÙ, ³å³ å»ïù ¿ Ñ³Ù³å³ï³ëË³Ý ù³ÛÉ»ñ Ó»éÝ³ñÏ»É` Í³ÕñáõÍ³Ý³ÏÁ Ï³ë»óÝ»Éáõ Ï³Ù Ï³ÝË³ñ·»É»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: 1. ´³ó³Ñ³Ûï»ù, Ã» áñÝ ¿ ÝÙ³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ å³ï×³éÁ: ºÃ» Ýñ³Ýù áõÕÕ³ÏÇ áõ½áõÙ »Ý óáõó³¹ñ»É Çñ»Ýó áõÝ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ Ï³Ù ¹³éÝ³É ËÙµÇ Ù³ë, ³å³ ëåáñïÝ áõ ³ÛÉ Ë³Õ»ñÁ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý

Sometimes children bully to fit in, other times kids act out because something else — issues at home, abuse, stress — is going on in their lives, or they also may have been bullied. Such individuals may get into fights, abuse alcohol and other drugs, get sent to the principal’s office or to detention frequently, be abusive toward their children, romantic partners as adults, as well as engage in violent and other risky behaviors into adulthood.

ÉáõÍ»É ÝÙ³Ý ËÝ¹ÇñÁ: ºÃ» ËÝ¹ÇñÁ Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ¿` Ù³ëÝ³íáñ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ, í³ï í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ ½áÑ, ³å³ Ù³ëÝ³·»ïÁ (Ñá·»µ³ÝÁ Ï³Ù ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ßË³ïáÕÁ) å»ïù ¿ ³ßË³ïÇ Ýñ³Ýó Ñ»ï: 2. Ðëï³Ï óáõÛó ïí»ù ë³¹ñáÕÇÝ, áñ ÝÙ³Ý í³ñù³·ÇÍÁ ëË³É ¿, íÝ³ëáõÙ ¿ ³ÛÉáó ¨ ãÇ Ñ³Ý¹áõñÅíÇ: ²å³ û·ï³·áñÍ»ù Ñ»ï¨³ÝùÝ»ñÁ ëáíáñ»óÝ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ÜÙ³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝù óáõó³¹ñáÕ »ñ»Ë³Ý ÇÝùÁ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ é»ý»ñ³ï ·ñ»É, ùÝÝ³ñÏáõÙ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»É Ù³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ, Ñ³Ý¹áõñÅáÕ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý, ÁÝÏ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý, ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕ í³ñù³·ÍÇ ¨ ³ÛÉ Ã»Ù³Ý»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: 3. ¸åñáó³Ï³Ý í³ñù³Ï³ÝáÝ: ´³óÇ í»ñáÝßÛ³ÉÇó ¹åñáóÝ»ñÁ å»ïù ¿ Ñ³ëï³ï»Ý í³ñù³Ï³ÝáÝ, ë³ÑÙ³Ý»Ý ³Ûë »ñ¨áõÛÃÁ Ï³ñ·³íáñáÕ å³ï³ëË³Ý³ïáõ Ù³ñÙÇÝ,áõëáõóÇãÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï ¹³ëÁÝÃ³óÝ»ñ ³ÝóÏ³óÝ»Ý, Ý»ñ³é»Ý ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛ³Ý Ýë»Ù³óáõÙÁ Ï³ÝË³ñ·»ÉáÕ ÝÛáõÃ»ñ ¹³ë³í³Ý¹íáÕ ³é³ñÏ³Ý»ñÇ »õ ¹åñáóÇ ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç: Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ, ó³íáù, ãÏ³ Ýë»Ù³óáõÙÁ Ñ³ëó»³·ñáÕ áã Çñ³í³Ï³Ý ¹³ßï, áã é³½Ù³í³ñáõÃÛáõÝ, ¨ áã ¿É ×ß·ñÇï å³ïÏ»ñ³óáõÙÝ»ñ: ²í»ÉÇÝ, Çñ³íÇ×³ÏÝ ³é³í»É ËÝ¹ñ³Ñ³ñáõÛó »Ý ¹³ñÓÝáõÙ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ùï³Í»É³Ï»ñåÁ, ³ÝÑ³Ý¹áõñÅáÕ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ³Ù»ÝÇ Ñ³Ý¹»å, ÇÝã ¹áõñë ¿ ë³ÑÙ³Ýí³Í §³í³Ý¹³Ï³Ý Ï³ÝáÝÝ»ñÇó¦, §³½·³ÛÝ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³é³ëå»ÉÝ»ñÁ¦, Çñ³½»Ïí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý, Çñ³í³·Çï³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý ó³Íñ Ù³Ï³ñ¹³ÏÁ, Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ÷áËÑ³ñ·³ÝùÇ µ³ó³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: Êáõë³÷»Éáí ó³ÝÏ³ó³Í ³ÝÑ³ï³Ï³Ý Ùáï»óáõÙÇó` Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÛ³Ý Çñ³íÇ×³ÏÁ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óÝ»Ýù Çñ³Ï³Ý Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó Ñ³ïí³ÍÝ»ñáí (³Ýíï³Ý·áõÃÛ³Ý ÝÏ³ï³éáõÙÝ»ñÇó »ÉÝ»Éáí`³ÝáõÝÝ»ñÁ ÷á÷áËí³Í »Ý):

If you noticed one of the following signs in a child around - is increasingly aggressive, competitive and worry about his / her behavior too much, don’t accept responsibility for his / her actions, have unexplained extra money or new belongings and etc, when you should take appropriate steps to prevent and stop bullying. 1. Find out what is the reason for bullying. If they just want to show off and fit in- then participation in sport or other activities may solve such problem. If the problem is mental - private problems, bullying experience etc, then the specialist (a psychologist, a social worker etc.) should work with them. 2. Point out the bully that their behavior is wrong and harmful for others and such behavior won’t be tolerate then use consequences to teach. A bully may write a paper, make a presentation, discussion about human rights, tolerance, friendship, bullying and etc. 3. School code of conduct. Besides above mentioned schools should establish a code of conduct, a bullying reporting system, train teachers, set a bullying prevention material into the curriculum and school activities. Unfortunately, there is no legal framework, no policy and even any perceptions to address bullying in Armenia. While the situation even worse than can be expected, because in addition to abovementioned reasons here comes Armenian mentality, intolerance to everything beyond established “traditional rules”, “nationality myths”, low level of awareness and legal consciousness, lack of respect in the society. To avoid any personal attitude- the situation in Armenia is presented by scripts of real people interviews (all names are changed for security purposes).

As a girl I was different from others in the class, and everyone hated me for that. I was always active: I was painting, singing, writing poems… in short, my teachers liked me a lot and praised me every time. After all, it was probably was due to envy, they started me suppress emotionally, make fun, bait, offend, call me names and call those words instead of my name. It all caused me big pain. Eventually, it all was turned to physical pressure.

~ Mary, 22 ºë, áñå»ë ³é³ÝÓÝ³óáÕ ³ÕçÇÏ, ³ÙµáÕç ¹³ë³ñ³ÝÇ ³ãùÇ ·ñáÕÝ ¿Ç: ØÇßï ³ÏïÇí ¿Ç, ÝÏ³ñáõÙ ¿Ç, »ñ·áõÙ ¿Ç, µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ¿Ç ·ñáõÙ, ÙÇ Ëáëùáí ¹³ë³ïáõÝ»ñë ÇÝÓ ß³ï ¿ÇÝ ëÇñáõÙ ¨ ³Ù»Ý ³Ý·³Ù ·áíáõÙ ¿ÇÝ: Æ í»ñçá ¹³ »ñ¨Ç Ã» å³ÛÙ³Ý³íáñí³Í ¿ñ Ý³Ë³ÝÓáí` ÇÝÓ ëÏë»óÇÝ Ñá·»å»ë ×Ýß»É, Í³Õñ»É, Ó»éù ³éÝ»É, íÇñ³íáñ»É, ³ÝáõÝÝ»ñ ÏåóÝ»É áõ ¹ñ³Ýóáí Ïáã»É ÇÝÓ ÇÙ ³Ýí³Ý ÷áË³ñ»Ý: ²Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÁ ÇÝÓ ³Ý³ë»ÉÇ ó³í ¿ñ å³ï×³éáõÙ: Æ í»ñçá ¹³ í»ñ³Íí»ó ýÇ½ÇÏ³Ï³Ý µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý: ~ Ø³ñÇ, 22 ï.

In the period of maturity, my voice was not as harsh as other boys and they stared joking at me for that reason. Some guys would make fun at me and say: “hey chicka, would you give me your phone number?” which was usually told to girls.

~ Armen, 18

Ð³ëáõÝ³óÙ³Ý ßñç³ÝÝ ¿ñ ëÏëí»É, ÇÙ Ó³ÛÝÁ ß³ï Ïáßï ã¿ñ ÙÛáõë ïÕ³Ý»ñÇ ÝÙ³Ý: ØÇ ù³ÝÇ ïÕ³ Ó»éù ³éÝ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ ³ëáõÙ ¿ÇÝ. §Ñ»é³ËáëÇ¹ Ñ³Ù³ñÁ Ïï³±ë, ùáõñá¦, áñ ëáíáñ³µ³ñ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÇó ¿ÇÝ áõ½áõÙ:

~ ²ñÙ»Ý, 18ï.

ØÇ ûñ ¹åñáó ¿Ç ·ÝáõÙ, ÙÇ ËáõÙµ ïÕ³Ý»ñ ¿ÇÝ §åå½³Í¦: ºñµ ÝÏ³ï»óÇÝ, áñ »ë ·³ÉÇë »Ù, Ù»ÏÁ ·áé³ó. §·³ÉÇë ³¦ áõ Ãù»óÇÝ ÇÙ ³éç¨` Ñ»Ýó ³ÛÝ ×³Ý³å³ñÑÇÝ, áñáí »ë ù³ÛÉáõÙ ¿Ç:

Another day I was going to school, a group of guys were “squatting” on the way. When they noticed I was coming, one of them shouted: “he’s coming” and they spat on my way.

~ Davit, 21

~ ¸³íÇÃ, 21ï.

²ßË³ïáõÙ ¿Ç ³ãùÇ ãÁÝÏÝ»É` ³ë»Ýù ¹³ë³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ ã¿Ç ³ÝáõÙ, ¹³ë»ñÁ ã¿Ç å³ï³ëË³ÝáõÙ Ï³Ù ß³ï ³ÏïÇí ã¿Ç ÙÛáõëÝ»ñÇ ÝÙ³Ý, áñ ß³ï ãÍ³Õñ»Ý:

~ ÐáõÝ³Ý, 23 ï.

I was trying to become invisiblelike I didn’t go out during class breaks, quite class participation, or I wasn’t as active as others, to avoid bullying.

~ Hunan, 23

ÐÇßáõÙ »Ù, áñ »ë ¹åñáóÇó ¹áõñë ¿Ç ·³ÉÇë, ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÝ ³ëáõÙ ¿ÇÝ §÷áñÁ ¹áõñë »Ï³í »ñ»Ë»ù, Ñ»ë³ ÇÝùÝ ¿É ¹áõñë Ï·³ ¹åñáóÇó¦ áõ ·áéáõÙ ¿ÇÝ, Ñ»ï¨Çóë ù³ñ»ñ ¿ÇÝ ·óáõÙ, ßáÏáÉ³¹ ¿ÇÝ ·óáõÙ, ³ëáõÙ §³é Ï»ñ, ã³Õá¦: àõ ¹³ ³Ñ³·ÇÝ ÏáÙåÉ»ùëÝ»ñÇ å³ï×³é ¹³ñÓ³í: ²ÛÝù³Ý ³Û¹å»ë ³ë»óÇÝ, áñ ëÏë»óÇ ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýñ³å»ë Ñ³ó ãáõï»É áõ Ùáïë ³Ýáñ»ùëÇ³ ½³ñ·³ó³í: ¸ñ³ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ Ó»éù µ»ñ»óÇ µ³½Ù³ÃÇí ³éáÕç³Ï³Ý ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ, áñáÝóÇó ÙÇ Ù³ëÁ ÙÇÝã ³ÛÅÙ ¿É áõÝ»Ù:

When I was going out of school, girls were saying “hey guys, the belly already passed, he would go out of school soon. They were screaming and throwing stones after me, throwing chocolates to me and saying “hey, fatty, eat”. And it became a reason for many complexes. They said such things to me so often that I quit eating at all- I were in the stage of anorexia. As a result, it caused me many health problems, some of which I still have.

~ Mher, 18

~ ØÑ»ñ, 18ï.

2011-2012ÃÃ. »ë ëáíáñáõÙ ¿Ç ºäÐ-áõÙ: ØÇ ûñ` ¹³ë³Å³ÙÇÝ, ¹³ë³ËáëÁ ëÏë»ó Ëáë»É ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó: ø³ÝÇ áñ ÙÇ³Ï ³ñ³Ï³Ý ë»éÇ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óáõóÇã, áí Ñ³Ý¹»ë »Ï³í ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇÝ ¨ ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇÝ ÏáÕÙ »ë ¿Ç, ³Û¹ ûñí³ÝÇó »ë ëÏë»óÇ ³í»ÉÇ ß³ï ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ áõÝ»Ý³É Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³ÝáõÙ. Ý³ ÇÝÓ ëïÇåáõÙ ¿ñ, áñ Ù»Ý³Ï Ýëï»Ç, ³ÝÁÝ¹Ñ³ï ³ÝóÝáõÙ ¿ñ ÏáÕùáíë, ùÙÍÇÍ³Õ ¿ñ ï³ÉÇë, ³ñÑ³Ù³ñÑ³Ï³Ý Ó¨áí Ý³ÛáõÙ:àõ ÇÙ ÏáõñëáõÙ ëáíáñáÕ µáÉáñ 70 áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÝ ¿É ¿ÇÝ ¹³ ÝÏ³ïáõÙ áõ ·Çï»ÇÝ å³ï×³éÁ ÇÝãÝ ¿:

~ ²ñÙ³Ý, 22 ï.

ÂíáõÙ ¿` ëñ³Ýù áõÕÕ³ÏÇ Ã»Ã¨ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý Ï³ï³ÏÝ»ñ »Ý, áñ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý å³ï³Ñ»É µáÉáñÇ Ñ»ï: ê³Ï³ÛÝ »ñµ ³Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÁ Çñ³ñ »ë ·áõÙ³ñáõÙ, Ýáñ ³ñ¹»Ý ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýáõñ å³ïÏ»ñÁ ³í»ÉÇ Í³Ýñ ÏÃí³:

~ Î³ñ»Ý, 19ï

I was studying at YSU in 2011-2012. One day the lecturer started to talk about homosexuality during the class time. His primary stance was that homosexuality is against our nation and something needs to be done with them from the day they’re born. Because the only male representative, who spoke in favor of homosexual people and for their rights was me, I got more problems after that in the university… he made me to sit alone, he was always grinning when passing by and glanced at me disdainfully. And the other 70 students in my class also noticed it and they did know the reason.

~ Arman, 22

These seem to be just childish jokes that can happen to everyone. However, when you summarize it all, the general overview seems more serious.

~ Karen, 19

²é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ëÇñ³Ñ³ñí»É »Ù ¹åñáó³Ñ³ë³Ï ï³ñÇùáõÙ: ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï áñáß»óÇ ë»ñ Ëáëïáí³Ý»É ³Û¹ ïÕ³ÛÇÝ: ÆëÏ Ý³ ·Ý³ó, ³Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÁ å³ïÙ»ó Çñ ¨ ÇÙ ÁÝÏ»ñÝ»ñÇÝ` µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ í³ï É»ÏëÇÏáÝáí: ²Û¹ ûñí³ÝÇó ÇÙ Ñ»ï ã¿ñ ß÷íáõÙ Ù»ñ ·ÛáõÕÇ ¨ áã ÙÇ »ñ»Ë³: Ø»Ï áõëáõóãáõÑÇ ¿É Ï³ñ, áñ ·Çï»ñ áõ ÇÝÓ ³Ù»Ý³ó³ÍñÝ ¿ñ ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõÙ, ãÝ³Û³Í ÙÇßï å³ïñ³ëï ¿Ç ÉÇÝáõÙ ¹³ë»ñÇÝ: ØÇ Ï»ñå ³í³ñï»óÇ ¹åñáóÁ, Ñ»ïá ÁÝ¹áõÝí»óÇ Ñ³Ù³Éë³ñ³Ý, áõ ÝáõÛÝÁ ÏñÏÝí»ó: ¶Ý³óÇ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇó: ØÇ ù³ÝÇ ï³ñÇ Ñ»ïá í»ñ³¹³ñÓ³ Ð³Û³ëï³Ý: ÐÇÙ³ ³ñ¹»Ý ³ßË³ïáõÙ »Ù ¨ µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ñ³çáÕí³Í Íñ³·ñ³íáñáÕ »Ù:

~ ²ñï³Ï, 30 ï.

²Û¹ ³Ù»ÝÇ í»ñçÁ ¹ñ»óÇ »ë` ³ÝÓ³Ùµ: ÆÝÓ áõÅ ¿ñ ï³ÉÇë å³åÇÏë, Ý³ ÙÇßï ³ëáõÙ ¿ñ áñ »ë ß³ï µ³ÝÇ »Ù Ñ³ëÝ»Éáõ áõ ÙÕÓ³í³ÝçÇ å»ë »Ù ÑÇß»Éáõ ³Û¹ ¹»åù»ñÁ, ¨ Ý³ ×Çßï ¿ñ, »ë ³ÛÝù³Ý áõÅ»Õ ¿Ç ,áñ Ñ³ÕÃ³Ñ³ñ»óÇ ½áÑÇ ÇÙ íÇ×³ÏÁ,ÇÝùë ÇÝÓ ³ÛÉ¨ë ã¿Ç ËÕ×áõÙ:

~ ²Ý³ÑÇï, 21ï.

I was a school-age boy when fell in love for the first time. Then I decided to tell that boy about my feelings. He told it to his and my friends with a very bad wording. After that no child talks to me in the village. One teacher knew about that as well and always assessed me lower, although I was always ready for classes. Somehow I graduated from the school and entered to the University- the same staff repeated again. I left Armenia for a couple of years, studied abroad and came back. Now I become a succeed programmer.

~ Artak, 30

I personally put the end of this entire staff by myself. My grandfather was giving me strength; he always said that I will be successful and that I will remember those cases as a nightmare. And he was right. I was so strong to overcome my position as a victim; I didn’t feel sorry for myself anymore.

~ Anahit, 21 Ø³ñÇ³ ²µñ³Ñ³ÙÛ³Ý

Maria Abrahamyan

Ùß³ÏáõÛÃ culture

§öáùñ¦ Ï³Ý³Ýó Ù»Í ëËñ³ÝùÝ»ñÁ Big deeds of "small" women

²ßË³ñÑáõÙ ³ÝÑ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛ³Ý, ³Ý³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ³ï»ÉáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ ß³ï å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ Ï³Ý: Î³Ý Ý³¨ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ³ÛÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, Ã» ÇÝãå»ë »Ý Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ í»ñ³Ï³Ý·ÝáõÙ Ï³Ù ë»ñÙ³ÝáõÙ ³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛáõÝ, Ñ³í³ë³ñáõÃÛáõÝ áõ ë»ñ: Î³Ý³Ûù ÙÇ ÑëÏ³Û³Ï³Ý ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ËáõÙµ »Ý, áíù»ñ ½áÑ »Ý ¹³ñÓ»É áõ ¹»é¨ë ¹³éÝáõÙ ³Ý³ñ¹³ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, Ë³ñ³ÝÇÝ, Çé³óÇáÝ³É í³ËÇÝ ¨ Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå»ñÇÝ: ÆÝã¨¿, ×Ýßí³ÍÝ»ñÁ »ñµ»ÙÝ ß³ï ëï»ÕÍ³·áñÍ »Ý ÉÇÝáõÙ ¨ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý µ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»É Ï³Ù Íñ³·ñ»É Ñ³Ý×³ñ»Õ Ï³Ù Ñáõë³Ñ³ï ÉáõÍáõÙÝ»ñ ï³ñ³µÝáõÛÃ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇ ¨ Í³Ýñ Çñ³íÇ×³ÏÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: ²ÛÅÙ Ù»Ýù å³ïñ³ëïíáõÙ »Ýù µ³ó³Ñ³Ûï»É ÙÇ ù³ÝÇ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝ ³ÛÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, Ã» ÇÝãå»ë »Ý ×Ýßí³Í ¨ Éé»óí³Í Ï³Ý³Ûù Ï³ñáÕ³ó»É ÇÝùÝ³å³ßïå³Ýí»É ¨ å³ßïå³Ý»É áõñÇßÝ»ñÇÝ, »ñµ»ÙÝ` ÉÇÝ»Éáí Ù»Ý-Ù»Ý³Ï:

World has many stories about inequality, injustice, hatred. It also has stories about how people would restore or seed justice, equality and love. Women were and still are one huge social group that fall victim to injustice, stigma, irrational fear and stereotypes. Yet the oppressed sometimes can be very bright, intelligent and can unearth or design brilliant or desperate solutions to various problems and grave situations. We now are about to discover a few stories of how oppressed and shadowed companies of women could stand for themselves and for others, sometimes single-handedly.

Ê³ÝáõÙ ø»Ã»ÝçÛ³Ý (²ñÙ»ÝáõÑÇ)

Khanem Ketenjian (Armenuhi)

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Khanem was a Women’s Unit Commander. She led a unit of women fighters in defence of Urfa in 1915. It was clear that Armenian population of Urfa was to be exterminated just like it was happening in other geographical areas, and the inhabitants decided to fight for their lives, until the end. She is personally credited with killing over twenty Turkish gendarmes before falling herself. Khanum Ketenjian had thirty young women in her contingent. Her squad was successful in destroying a Turkish guardhouse of importance to the enemy. Turks were very upset and angry about the incident. Their anger had no bounds

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especially on hearing from the escaped officer that a company of women worked the destruction. Turkish and Kurdish soldiers wanted to take those girls alive. With heavy losses but big numbers, they gradually took some streets of the town. Five girls got captured having no way to leave the trapped streets. The Turkish Captain recognised Khanem. He also heard the name of her father. He tried to convert girls, trying to prove them to marry Turks and ‘live happy days’. Khanem said it would be a disgrace to them. The wild nature of Turkish and Kurdish soldiers stirred up. They shouted and gesticulated. They threatened violence. “Deliver them to our hands…” Captain then gone wild himself. He slapped Khanem boasting: “You giaour (infidel) slut! You consider it a dishonour to marry me, do you? Wait a minute. I will teach you! …” When they wanted to tear Khanem’s clothes, she asked to untie her hands to make it herself. They freed her arms. Bill Millhome describes what follows in his blog: “She began to unfasten the buttons of her jacket with both hands. The Captain was leering with lustful eyes. She lifted the corner of her waistcoat and suddenly drawing a small revolver, emptied its contents into the Captain’s head, heart and stomach, in rapid succession. He fell dead. Afterwards, bewildered soldiers killed all the five girls at once.

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“The mob was wonderstruck, looking on the tragedy with gaping mouths. They never expected such courage, such heroism from a persecuted and downtrodden race of women.”

Esther Once Esther’s uncle Mordecai refused to bow to one Persian prince and he intended to kill Mordecai and all Jews of Persian Empire for that. Esther, one of king’s numerous wives and an orphan raised by her uncle, went to the king, although that could cost her her life. She, at the end, told the king that this prince was intending to kill her uncle who once saved king’s life. Esther also came out to king Xerxes as Jew herself. As a result, that prince himself was executed by the order of the king. Jews of Persia were also given the right to protect themselves and keep arms after that. Thus, a single Jewish woman who was incarcerated in king’s harem among numerous other women, saved the lives of many individuals. Her story is the basis for the celebration of Purim in Jewish tradition, to commemorate the deliverance.

Queen Blanche Queen Blanche, wife of Louis VIII, lived in 13th century France and saw how priests would persecute an entire population, incarcerating towns with their citizens and spreading famine and death around. She, worried about the things she’d witnessed, wanted to set these people free. Priests didn’t tolerate the interference of the civil power, and claimed the prisoners were their subjects and no one else had any authority over those humans. Queen Blanche’s last resort was the usage of force which was abused by priests. She approached one prison gates with her

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guards and ordered gates be opened. The soldiers were hesitant and she was the first to strike with a stick. After a short while, the gates were destroyed. Miserable, faces disfigured and garments tattered, the crowd came forth casting themselves at the feet of the queen. They asked her protection as this action could cost them dear. She seized the revenues of churches and monasteries of the area, and even obliged the priests to pay the inhabitants a yearly stipend so that they could survive and exist.

Erato She was the last representative of Artashesyan (Artaxide) dynasty of Armenia and one of rare female figures in Armenian history who were both de jure and de facto rulers. We have coins with Erato’s depictions with both Tigranes IV and Tigranes V. A speculation has that Erato herself was an ambitious and independent ruler who desired to rule and govern the country, and her marriage was nothing but a way of making her more dependent and to restrain her, which would also allow to obviate the possible fight for the throne. Queen Erato of Armenian, Greek and Persian origins was the only queen who ruled for three times, being dethroned and then restoring her rule a few times in a row. Living in exile for a while, she was appointed a queen again by a group of Armenian noblemen who weren’t happy with the Roman henchman Tigranes V. She started ruling together with Tigranes and thus clashes and civil war were prevented. We even have silver coins with Tigranes on one side and Erato on the other one, with an inscription that says “Erato Queen of Armenians”. In the year 12 C.E. she was dethroned with her brother, and we don’t know much of her life and death afterwards. She is one of the most prominent women of

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èÇ±ëÏ, Ã»± ÑÝ³½³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ. ÎÉá»ÉÇ³ ÐéáÙ»³óÇÝ»ñÝ ¾ÃñáõñÇ³óÇÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï Ýáñ »Ý ÏÝù»É Ë³Õ³ÕáõÃÛ³Ý ¹³ßÝ³·Çñ: Ê³Õ³ÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³í»ÉÇ »ñÏ³ñ³ï¨ ¹³ñÓÝ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÑéáÙ»³óÇÝ»ñÁ Ñ³Ï³é³Ïáñ¹ Ã³·³íáñÇÝ ÝíÇñáõÙ »Ý ÏáõÛë»ñ: ø³Õ³ùÇ í»Ñ³ÝÓÝ áõ ³½Ýí³½³ñÙ ÏáõÛë»ñÇÝ áõÕ³ñÏáõÙ »Ý Ýí»ñ ¿ÃñáõñÇ³óÇÝ»ñÇ Ã³·³íáñÇÝ: Üñ³Ýó Ù»ç ¿ Ý³¨ ÎÉá»ÉÇ³Ý, ¨ Ý³ Ñ³Ùá½í³Í ¿, áñ ³í»ÉÇ É³í ¿ íï³Ý·»É ÏÛ³ÝùÁ, ù³Ý ÏáõëáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³Ûë µ³ñµ³ñáë ó»Õ»ñÇ Ù»ç: ÎáõÛë»ñÁ áñáßáõÙ »Ý ÷³ËáõëïÇ ¹ÇÙ»É` ³Ï³Ýç ¹Ý»Éáí ÎÉá»ÉÇ³ÛÇ

pre-Christian Armenia.

Telesilla, the Saviour of the City of Argos Telesilla, a lyric poetess of Argos, tells us of her country through her poetry. Yet she, brave and active, did more than that! Argos had lost six thousand men, best of its soldiers. It was about to be taken by the enemy, Lacedaemonians. What she did was to gather and unite women she’d find appropriate and fit. She gave them arms which she secured from temples and houses of the citizens of the city, and… they repulsed the enemy which was afraid of being reproached no matter the outcome of the attack were to be. These female warriors, some of whom fell during the contest, were honoured well. A statue, erected in gratitude to Telesilla, found its place in the temple of Venus.

When you are in a deadlock: Cloelia Romans have just signed a peace treaty with Etrurians. To make the peace lasting, they offer their daughters to the king. Noble virgins, offspring of the noble, are sent to the king. Cloelia is one of them and she is sure it is better to risk their lives than their virginity among these barbaric tribes. All the virgins decide to flee, hearkening unto Cloelia. They reach Rome safely with the guidance of Cloelia. Albeit their parents were happy to see them and admired their stance and odissey, they, being genuinely severe Romans, sent the virgins back to the king. King so admired the brave girls that he offered the virgins their freedom. Moreover, Cloelia is offered a horse (which would be offered to the bravest warriors) and is allowed to set some other prisoners free. She chooses children.

ËáñÑñ¹ÇÝ: Üñ³Ýù ÎÉá»ÉÇ³ÛÇ áõÕÕáñ¹Ù³Ùµ ³å³Ñáí Ñ³ëÝáõÙ »Ý ÐéáÙ: âÝ³Û³Í Çñ»Ýó ÍÝáÕÝ»ñÇ áõñ³ËáõÃÛ³ÝÝ áõ ÑÇ³óÙáõÝùÇÝ, ÉÇÝ»Éáí Ïáßï ÑéáÙ»³óÇÝ»ñ, Ýñ³Ýù áñáßáõÙ »Ý ÏáõÛë»ñÇÝ í»ñ³¹³ñÓÝ»É Ã³·³íáñÇÝ: Â³·³íáñÝ ³ÛÝù³Ý ¿ñ ÑÇ³ó»É ù³ç ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÇ ³ñ³ñùáí, áñ Ý³ ÏáõÛë»ñÇÝ ³½³ï ³ñÓ³Ï»ó: ²í»ÉÇÝ, ÎÉá»ÉÇ³ÛÇÝ ÓÇ »Ý ÝíÇñáõÙ (áñÁ ëáíáñ³µ³ñ ÝíÇñáõÙ ¿ÇÝ ³Ù»Ý³ù³ç Ù³ñïÇÏÝ»ñÇÝ) ¨ ÃáõÛÉ³ïñáõÙ »Ý ³½³ï ³ñÓ³Ï»É ³ÛÉ ·»ñÇÝ»ñÇ: Ü³ ÁÝïñáõÙ ¿ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ: ÐéáÙÁ ÏáõÛë»ñÇÝ áÕçáõÝ»ó Ù»Í óÝÍáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ÒÇáõ íñ³ Ýëï³Í ÏáõÛëÇ ÙÇ ³ñÓ³Ý µ³ñÓñ³óí»ó ÐéáÙÇ Ñ³Ýñ³ÛÇÝ ÙÇ Ññ³å³ñ³ÏáõÙ` Ç ÑÇß³ï³Ï ÎÉá»ÉÇ³ÛÇ ³é³ùÇÝáõÃÛ³Ý áõ ù³çáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ äáñë»ÝÝ³ Ã³·³íáñÇ Ù»Í³Ñá·áõÃÛ³Ý:

¼³å»É ¼³å»ÉÝ Çñ Ñáñ Ï³Ùùáí Ã³·³Å³é³Ý· ¿ ×³Ý³ãí»É: ²é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù ¼³å»ÉÇÝ ³ÙáõëÝ³óñ»óÇÝ, »ñµ Ý³ ÁÝ¹³Ù»ÝÁ ÛáÃ ï³ñ»Ï³Ý ¿ñ: ºñÏñáñ¹ ³Ý·³Ù Ýñ³Ý Ï³ÙùÇÝ Ñ³Ï³é³Ï ³ÙáõëÝ³óñ»óÇÝ Ð»ÃáõÙÇ Ñ»ï: àñáß Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ý³ ÁÝ¹¹ÇÙ³ÝáõÙ ¿ñ ³ÙáõëÝáõÝ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ, Ç í»ñçá, Ñ³Ù³Ï»ñåíáõÙ ¿: ¼³å»ÉÁ ÑÇÙÝ»É ¿ ÑÇí³Ý¹³Ýáó êÇë Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ùáõÙ, áñï»Õ µáÉáñÁ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ÇÝ ³Ýí×³ñ µáõÅáõÙ ëï³Ý³É: Üñ³ Ñáí³Ýáõ Ý»ñùá ³ñí»ëïÇ ·áñÍÇãÝ»ñ áõ ·ÇïÝ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñ (ØËÇÃ³ñ Ð»ñ³óÇ, Âáñáë èáëÉÇÝ, ì³ñ¹³Ý ²Û·»ÏóÇ, ê³ñ·Çë äÇÍ³Ï) Ï³ñáÕ³ÝáõÙ »Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝ Í³í³É»É ¨ ëï»ÕÍ³·áñÍ»É êÇëáõÙ: ²Ý¹áõÉ Ù»Ý³ëï³ÝÝ ³ÙáõëÝáõ Ñ»ï í»ñ³ßÇÝ»É ¨ ¹³ñÓñ»É ¿ ³Ù³é³Ýáó: ¼³å»ÉÝ ¿É ¾ñ³ïáÛÇ å»ë Çñ ¹ÇÝ³ëïÇ³ÛÇ í»ñçÇÝ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óáõóÇãÝ ¿ñ: âÝ³Û³Í ëïÇåáÕ³µ³ñ ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ áõ å³ñï³¹ñí³Í ÑÝ³½³Ý¹áõÃÛ³ÝÁ` ¼³µ»ÉÁ Ï³ñáÕ³ÝáõÙ ¿ Ýå³ëï»É »ñÏñÇ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ¨ Ùß³ÏáõÃ³ÛÇÝ ½³ñ·³óáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ: ê¨³Ï ÎÇñ³ÏáëÛ³Ý û·ï³·áñÍí³Í ³ÕµÛáõñÝ»ñÁ` >>>

Rome greeted the virgins with great joy. A statue on horseback was afterwards erected in a public market-place to commemorate the virtue and boldness of Cloelia and the generosity of Porsenna.

Zapel Zapel was made heir to the crown by the will of her father. She was only seven years old when she was forced into marriage. Second time she was married to a ruler called Hethum, again against her will. For some time, the say, she would withstand her husband, but she eventually had to put up with it. Zabel founds a hospital in the capital of Cilicia, Sis, where everyone could get treatment for free. She sponsored artists and scientists (e.g. Mkhitar Heratsi, Toros Roslin, Vardan Aygektsi, Sargis Pitsak), and the latter were able to work in Sis. Together with her husband, she reconstructed Andul monastery and turned it into a bungalow. Just like Erato, Zapel was the last representative of her dynasty. Despite the forced marriages and submission, Zapel was able to contribute to the social and cultural development of the state. Sevak Kirakosyan used sources: http://www.pearlsong.com/newsroom/jackadler/SSMediaKit.pdf http://archive.org/stream/ cu31924031475001#page/n205/mode/1up http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/womeninpower/Womeninpower00000.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erato_of_ Armenia#Political_Exile:_2_BC_-_6 http://milhomme.blogspot.com/2013/01/ khanem-ketenjian-armenuhi-armenian.html http://armenianwomen.wordpress. com/2012/03/19/khanem-ketenjian-armenuhi-1915/

DJ Vakcina

Ùß³ÏáõÛÃ culture

Éáõë³ÝÏ³ñÁ` ØÇù³Û»É ä»ïñáëÛ³ÝÇ photo by Miqayel Petrosyan

Ðñ³ßùÝ»ñÇ ã»Ù ëå³ëáõÙ, ÇÝùë »Ù Ï»ñïáõÙ ÇÙ »ñç³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ I don’t expect wonders. I cultivate my happiness myself

²ñáõëÇÏ ØÏñïãÛ³ÝÁ`³í»ÉÇ Ñ³ÛïÝÇ áñå»ë ¹Çç»Û ì³ÏóÇÝ³, Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Ã»ñ¨ë ³Ù»Ý³Ñ³ÛïÝÇ, ³Ù»Ý³á×³ÛÇÝ, ³Ù»Ý³Ñ³Ù³ñÓ³Ï ÏÇÝ-¹Çç»ÛÝ ¿: Ü³, Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³Ïó»Éáí ³ßË³ñÑ³Ñéã³Ï ¹Çç»ÛÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï, Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»É ¿ Ëáßáñ ³ÏáõÙµ³ÛÇÝ ¨ µ³óûÃÛ³ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ ÇÝãå»ë Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É ³ñï»ñÏñáõÙ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ, µ³óÇ Çñ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛáõÝÇó, Ý»ñ·ñ³íí³Í ¿ Ý³¨ ³ÏïÇí Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ. 2009Ã-ÇÝ §¸Á È³µáñ³ÃáñÇ¦-Ç Ñ»ï Ñ³Ù³ï»Õ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óñ»É ¿ §à°ã ÃÙñ³ÝÛáõÃÇÝ, á°ã ÍË³ËáïÇÝ¦, ÇëÏ ÝáõÛÝ Ãí³Ï³ÝÇ ¹»Ïï»Ùµ»ñÇ 1-ÇÝ` §à°ã ÒÆ²Ð-ÇÝ¦ ù³ñá½³ñß³íÝ»ñÁ: ¸Çç»Û ì³ÏóÇÝ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹Çë³ÝáõÙ ¿ §Î³ñÙÇñ Å³å³í»Ý¦ ËÙµÇ ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óáõóÇã, ÇëÏ 2011Ã-ÇÝ ÒÆ²Ð-Ç ËÝ¹ñÇ ç³ï³·áíáõÃÛ³Ý ËáõÙµÁ ßÝáñÑ»É ¿ Ýñ³Ý §ØÆ²ì/ÒÆ²Ð ËÝ¹ñÇ ç³ï³·áí¦ Ùñó³Ý³ÏÁ` áñå»ë Ùï³Ñá·í³Í Ùß³ÏáõÃ³ÛÇÝ ·áñÍãÇ: ì»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ Ý³ ½µ³ÕíáõÙ ¿ ³ñÛ³Ý ¹áÝáñáõÃÛ³Ý ù³ç³É»ñÙ³Ùµ` É»ÛÏá½áí ÑÇí³Ý¹ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó û·Ý»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ, ÇÝãå»ë Ý³¨ µ³ñ»·áñÍ³Ï³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñ ¿ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝáõÙ` áõÕÕí³Í Ù³ÝÏ³ï³Ý »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇ áõ ù³ÕóÏ»Õáí ÑÇí³Ý¹ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇ ÉáõÍÙ³ÝÁ:

Arusik Mkrtchyan - more popular as DJ Vakcina - is one of the most famous, most stylish and bravest woman DJ in Armenia. In cooperation with world famous DJs, she organized massive club and open-air events both in Armenia and abroad. But apart from her main activities she is also engaged in active public life. She launched the campaigns "No Drugs, No Cigarettes" in cooperation with "The Laboratory" in 2009 and in December of the same year - the campaign "No AIDS". DJ Vakcina is a regional representative of the group "Red Ribbon", and in 2011 Advocacy Group on AIDS gave her the award of HIV/AIDS advocate 2011 as a cultural figure concerned aboutproblem. She has been engaged in encouraging blood donation to support people sick with leukemia in recent years. She is also implementing charity projects aimed at solving orphanage children’s and cancer patients’ problems.

- ØÇ ÷áùñ å³ïÙÇñ` ÇÝãåÇëÇ± å³ÛÙ³ÝÝ»ñáõÙ ¨ ÙÃÝáÉáñïáõÙ »ë Ó¨³íáñí»É áñå»ë ³ÝÑ³ï: - ÀÝï³ÝÇùë ß³ï Ù»Í ¹»ñ ¿ áõÝ»ó»É ÇÙ Ó¨³íáñÙ³Ý áõ Ï³Û³óÙ³Ý ·áñÍáõÙ: ø³ÝÇ áñ Ñ³Ûñë µÝ³·»ï ¿ (ýÇ½ÇÏáë, ³ëïÕ³·»ï, ÷ÇÉÇëá÷³), ÇëÏ Ù³Ûñë` ÝÏ³ñãáõÑÇ, »ë Ù»Í³ó»É »Ù µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ ³½³ï áõ ÏÇñÃ ÙÇç³í³ÛñáõÙ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ Ù³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝë ³Ýó»É ¿ ÙáõÃáõóáõñï áõ ¹Åí³ñÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ, ÇÝãÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝùáõÙ ¿É Ñ»Ýó Ïá÷í»É ¿ å³Ûù³ñáÕ á·Çë: ºñ¨Ç ³Û¹ Ñ³Ï³ëáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³¹ñáõÙÝ ¿, áñ ÇÙ Ù»ç Ó¨³íáñí»É ¿ ÙÇ ÷áùñ Í³Ûñ³Ñ»Õ, µ³Ûó ÷áËÉñ³óÝáÕ ³ßË³ñÑÁÝÏ³ÉáõÙ: - ÆÝãå»±ë ¨ ÇÝãá±õ ¹Çç»Û ì³ÏóÇÝ³. Ëáë»Ýù áõÕáõ¹ ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ Ï³Û³óÙ³Ý ¹Åí³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: ¸Çç»ÛáõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÁ ß³ï ×³Ï³ïñ³·ñ³Ï³Ý ¿ ëï³óí»É: ²é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù` 12-13 ï³ñ»Ï³ÝáõÙ, ÁÝÏ»ñáõÑÇÝ»ñÇë Ñ»ï ÙÇ Ï»ñå ëáÕáëÏ»óÇ ³ÏáõÙµ áõ ï»ëÝ»Éáí` ÇÝãå»ë ¿ ¹Çç»ÛÁ Ýí³·áõÙ, ÙÇ³Ý·³ÙÇó ëÇñ³Ñ³ñí»óÇ ³Û¹ ·áñÍÇÝ: 16 ï³ñ»Ï³ÝáõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³í ÇÙ ³é³çÇÝ µ»Ù»ÉÁ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ áñå»ë ¹Çç»Û ì³ÏóÇÝ³ ³ñ¹»Ý Ñ³Ý¹»ë »Ï³ 2006 Ãí³Ï³ÝÇó, »ñµ í³ñáõÙ ¿Ç ÇÙ Ñ»ÕÇÝ³Ï³ÛÇÝ §øÉ³µ Ã³ÛÙ» Íñ³·ÇñÁ` é³¹ÇáÛÇ ³Ù»Ý³í³ñÏ³ÝÇß³ÛÇÝ Ñ³Õáñ¹áõÙÝ»ñÇó Ù»ÏÁ: §Vaccine¦ (å³ïí³ëï³ÝÛáõÃ) µ³éÁ åñåï»É »Ù Ï»Ýë³µ³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³Ý·É»ñ»Ý µ³é³ñ³ÝÇóë. ï»ë³ áõ ÙÇ³Ý·³ÙÇó Ñ³ëÏ³ó³, áñ ë³ É³í³·áõÛÝ ï³ñµ»ñ³ÏÝ ¿ ÇÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ, ù³ÝÇ áñ »ë Ý»ñ³ñÏáõÙ »Ù É³í »ñ³ÅßïáõÃÛáõÝ, áñÁ ¹»Ù ¿ í³ï ïñ³Ù³¹ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ:

- In what conditions and atmosphere did you develop as an individual? - My family had a tremendous role in my development. As my father is a biologist (physicist, astronomer, and philosopher) and my mother is an artist I grew up in a quite liberal and civil environment. But my childhood passed during the hard years of cold and darkness as a result of which my struggling soul was fortified. It might be the synthesis of those contradictions that formed my slightly categorical but complementary worldview. - How and why DJ Vakcina? Let’s talk about the choice of your path and difficulties in realization. - The choice of DJism happened to be very crucial. At the age of 12-13 I prowled into a club with friends for the first time. At the sight of the DJ playing the music I instantly fell in love with that job. My first debut took place when I was 16. But I have performed as DJ Vakcina since 2006 when I was presenting my author program “Club Time” – one of the top radio programs. I digged out the term “vaccine” from my English dictionary of biology. I saw it and immediately realized that it was the best variant to me as I vaccinate good music against blue mood.

- ÆÝãá±í ¿ ï³ñµ»ñíáõÙ ¹Çç»Û ì³ÏóÇÝ³Ý Çñ³Ï³Ý ²ñáõëÇÏ ØÏñïãÛ³ÝÇó: - ÆÙ »ñÏáõ ï»ë³ÏÝ»ñÇ Ù»ç ·³Õ³÷³ñ³ÛÇÝ ¨ ³ñÙ³ï³Ï³Ý áã ÙÇ Ñ³Ï³ëáõÃÛáõÝ ãÏ³: ä³ñ½³å»ë ²ñáõëÇÏÝ ³í»ÉÇ Ù»ÕÙ ¿, ÁÝï³Ý»Ï³Ý, ëÇñáõÙ ¿ ÇÝùÝ³ÏñÃáõÃÛ³Ùµ ½µ³Õí»É, ÇëÏ ¹Çç»Û ì³ÏóÇÝ³Ý, áñÁ ½µ³Õ»óÝáõÙ ¿ ÇÙ Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÇ Ùáï 85 ïáÏáëÁ, ¹ñ³Ï³Ý ÇÙ³ëïáí ³í»ÉÇ ³·ñ»ëÇí ¿, ³ßËáõÛÅ. ³ÛÝ ÇÙ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý ï»ë³ÏÝ ¿: - ÈÇÝ»Éáí Ï³Û³ó³Í ¨ Ñ³ÛïÝÇ ÏÇÝ §ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÛÇÝ¦ Ñ³Ù³ñíáÕ áÉáñïáõÙ,

- What’s the difference between DJ Vakcina and Arusik Mkrtchyan? - There are no ideological and radical differences between my two types. Arusik is simply milder, familial, is fond of self-education. Whereas DJ Vakcina who takes about 85 % of my time is more aggressive in the positive sense, cheerful; that’s my main type. - Being a prominent woman in a sphere which is regarded as “masculine” in our country, have you ever come across discriminatory attitude?

Éáõë³ÝÏ³ñÁ | photo by “Diadoro”

³ñ¹Ûá±ù Ñ³Ý¹Çå»É »ë Ëïñ³Ï³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ: - Æ ëÏ½µ³Ý» ß³ï ¹Åí³ñ ¿ñ ÇÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ, ù³ÝÇ áñ ³Ûë áÉáñïáõÙ ³ßË³ïáÕ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÝóÇó ß³ï»ñÝ áõÕÕ³ÏÇ å³ïñ³ëï »Ý ù»½ áãÝã³óÝ»É, ÷áßÇ³óÝ»É, ³Ù»Ý Ñ³ñÙ³ñ å³ÑÇ í³ï³µ³Ý»É áõ í³ñÏ³µ»Ï»É: Üñ³Ýù Ï³ñÍáõÙ »Ý, »Ã» ÏÇÝ »ë, áõñ»ÙÝ ÃáõÛÉ »ë áõ ³í»ÉÇ Ñ»ßï ÏÑ³ÝÓÝí»ë: êÏ½µáõÙ ³ÙµáÕç ¿Ý»ñ·Ç³ë í³ïÝáõÙ ¿Ç Ýñ³Ýó ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñ»ÉáõÝ: ´³Ûó Ñ»ïá Ñ³ëÏ³ó³, áñ ¹³ áõÕÕ³ÏÇ É×³óáõÙ ¿: ä³ñ½³å»ë å»ïù ¿ áõß³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝ ã¹³ñÓÝ»É áõ ½µ³Õí»É ÇÝùÝ³µ³ñ»É³íÙ³Ùµ: ¶Çï»±ë` Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ã»Ý ëÇñáõÙ áõÅ»ÕÝ»ñÇÝ, µ³Ûó ³Ûëûñ Ýñ³Ýù ÇÝÓ Ñ³ñ·áõÙ áõ ÁÝ¹áõÝáõÙ »Ý: - ÆÝãå»±ë »ë ¹áõ å³ïÏ»ñ³óÝáõÙ §ÏÇÝ¦ ¨ §Ñ³Û ÏÇÝ¦ Ï»ñå³ñÝ»ñÁ, ³ñ¹Ûá±ù ¹ñ³Ýù ï³ñµ»ñ Ï»ñå³ñÝ»ñ »Ý ù»½ Ñ³Ù³ñ: - Àëï Çë` ³Ûë »ñÏáõ Ï»ñå³ñÝ»ñÇ ³é³Ýóù³ÛÇÝ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ñ»Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ å³ßïå³Ýí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿: Æ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ ³ñ¨ÙïÛ³Ý ÏÝáç` Ñ³Û ÏÇÝÝ ³ñ¹»Ý ÇëÏ ×Ýßí³Í Ï»ñå³ñ ¿, í³Ë»ÝáõÙ ¿ ³ñï³Ñ³Ûïí»É, ÙÇßï åÇïÇ »ÝÃ³ñÏíáÕÇ Ï³ñ·³íÇ×³ÏáõÙ ÉÇÝÇ, ãÇ Ï³ñáÕ³ÝáõÙ ÇÝùÝ³Çñ³óí»É, ³ÝÁÝ¹Ñ³ï ×Ýßí³Í ¿, ë³ÑÙ³Ý³÷³Ïí³Í ¿ Çñ áñáßáõÙÝ»ñáõÙ áõ ³ñÅ³Ý³ÝáõÙ ¿ Ëïñ³Ï³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ, µ³Ûó ã»Ù Ï³ñáÕ ¹³ µáÉáñÇÝ í»ñ³·ñ»É, ù³ÝÇ áñ ÑÇÙ³ ß³ï Ï³Ý³Ûù »Ý å³Ûù³ñáõÙ Çñ»Ýó Çñ³íáõÝùÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ áõ Çñ³íÇ×³ÏÁ ß³Ñ»Ï³Ýáñ»Ý ÷áËíáõÙ ¿: úñÇÝ³Ï` »ë Ññ³ßùÝ»ñÇ ã»Ù ëå³ëáõÙ, »ë ÇÝùë »Ù Ï³éáõóáõÙ ÇÙ »ñç³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ: - Æ±Ýã »ë Ï³ñÍáõÙ, áí Ï³Ù ÇÝãÝ ¿ ÏÝáç Ñ³Ý¹»å Ëïñ³Ï³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ Ó¨³íáñÙ³Ý å³ï×³éÁ: - Î³ñÍáõÙ »Ù, ¹ñ³ å³ï×³éÝ ³ñ¹»Ý ù³ñ³ó³Í ÝáñÙ³Ý»ñÝ »Ý áõ Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå³ÛÇÝ Ñ³ÛñÇßË³Ý³Ï³Ý Ùáï»óáõÙÝ»ñÁ: ÆÑ³ñÏ», ³ÛÝå»ë ã¿, áñ ³Ûë ËÝ¹ÇñÁ ÙÇ³ÛÝ Ù»½ Ùáï Ï³: ²ßË³ñÑÇ µ³½Ù³ÃÇí »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ ïÕ³Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ³í»ÉÇ ó³Íñ

- Initially it was very hard for me as many of the men working in this sphere are ready to extinguish, stifle, criticize and compromise you at any suitable moment. They think that if you are a woman you are weak and will give up easier. Initially I spent all my energy struggling against them. But then I realized that it’s just a standstill. You should pay no attention to them and engage in self-improvement. You know, people don’t like the strong, yet they respect and accept me. - How do you imagine the characters of a “woman” and an “Armenian woman”? Are they different characters to you? - To my mind the basic difference between these two characters is rights protection level. Unlike the western women, the Armenian one is an opressed character, is afraid to express her views, should always be obeying, cannot self-realize, is restricted in her decisions and receives discriminatory treatment. But this doesn’t refer to everybody as lots of women struggle for their rights nowadays and the situation changes to the better. For instance, I don’t expect wonders, I cultivate my happiness myself. - Who or what do you think is the reason for discriminatory attitude towards women? - I think the reason is crusted norms and stereotypical patriarchal approaches. Certainly this issue exists not only in our country. In many countries men mostly misappreciate women, treat them as inferior creatures. Of course, each one has their own role but there should be mutual respect. - Due to you what is missing in our society? What would you change and what would you add? - Respect and tolerance especially towards people with disabilities, people living with HIV, sexual minorities and other vulnerable groups is missing. I would definitely add these. I would

Éáõë³ÝÏ³ñÁ` ¶³·á ä»ïñáëÛ³ÝÇ photo by Gago Petrosyan “Giraffe Photostudio”

»Ý ·Ý³Ñ³ïáõÙ Ï³Ý³Ýó, í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ »Ý ÇÝãå»ë ³í»ÉÇ ó³Íñ ¿³ÏÝ»ñÇ: ÆÑ³ñÏ», Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñÝ Çñ ¹»ñÝ áõÝÇ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ å»ïù ¿ ÷áËÑ³ñ·³Ýù ÉÇÝÇ µáÉáñÇ ÙÇç¨: - Êáë»Éáí Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý Ã»Ù³Ý»ñÇó` ã»Ù Ï³ñáÕ ã³Ý¹ñ³¹³éÝ³É ùá Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáõÝ»áõÃÛ³ÝÝ áõ Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý` ³Û¹ ÃíáõÙ Ý³¨ Ø²ÒÆ²Ð-Ç (Ø²Î-Ç ØÆ²ì/ÒÆ²Ð-Ç ÙÇ³óÛ³É Íñ³·Çñ) ¨ öÆÜø ²ñÙ»ÝÇ³ÛÇ Ñ»ï: ä³ïÙÇ°ñ ÙÇ ÷áùñ ³Û¹ Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ: Ð³çáÕí³±Í ¿ñ ³ÛÝ: - ²é³çÇÝ Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñÇ Ñ»ï »ë Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³Ïó»É »Ù, »Õ»É ¿ öÆÜø ²ñÙ»ÝÇ³Ý: ²Ýã³÷ áõñ³Ë »Ù ³Û¹ ëÏ½µÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ, ù³ÝÇ áñ Ï³ñÍáõÙ »Ù` Ýáñ ·áñÍÝ ÇÝãå»ë ëÏë»ë, ³ÛÝå»ë ¿É Ïß³ñáõÝ³ÏíÇ: öÆÜø-Çó ëáíáñ»É »Ù, áñ Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ ÙÇ³ëÝ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ ³í»ÉÇ Ù»Í ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ »Ý ï³ÉÇë µ³ñÓñ³Ó³ÛÝ»Éáõ Ñ³ë³ñ³Ï³Ï³Ý ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÁ. ë³

eliminate indifference, evil, mockery and selfishness. Speaking about public topics I can’t help touching upon your civil activities and your cooperation with the civil society, including UNAIDS and PINK Armenia. Tell a bit about that cooperation. Was it successfull? -The first NGO I cooperated with was PINK Armenia. I am very happy for that as a new ? will continue the way you start it. I have learned from PINK that cooperation and unity provide more opportunities for raising social problems; this is not 1+1=2, this is 1+1=3; 4 and more. 2 years ago we jointly organized the event “No AIDS” and in 2012 with the support of PINK Armenia we held a party dedicated to the World AIDS Day in “Kami” club. I would definitely regard our cooperation as positive and fertile. I think that it will continue. It was through PINK that I got into contact with the regional group of UNAIDS in 2011. I was elected as the regional representative of the

1+1=2 ã¿, ë³ 1+1=3; 4 ¨ ³í»ÉÇ ¿: 2 ï³ñÇ ³é³ç Ñ³Ù³ï»Õ Çñ³Ï³Ý³óñ»óÇÝù §à°ã ÒÆ²Ð-ÇÝ¦ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÁ, ÇëÏ 2012Ã-ÇÝ §Î³ÙÇ» ³ÏáõÙµáõÙ ÒÆ²Ð-Ç ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ßË³ñÑ³ÛÇÝ ûñí³Ý ÝíÇñí³Í ³ÝóÏ³óñ»óÇÝù »ñ»ÏáõÛÃ, áñÇ ³ç³ÏÇóÁ öÆÜø ²ñÙ»ÝÇ³Ý ¿ñ: Ø»ñ Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÙÇ³Ýß³Ý³Ï Ï·Ý³Ñ³ï»Ù áñå»ë ³ñ¹ÛáõÝ³í»ï áõ ¹ñ³Ï³Ý áõ Ï³ñÍáõÙ »Ù ³ÛÝ ¹»é Ïß³ñáõÝ³ÏíÇ: ÆëÏ Ø²ÒÆ²Ð-Ç ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ ÃÇÙÇ Ñ»ï Ï³å Ñ³ëï³ï»óÇ 2011Ã-ÇÝ Ñ»Ýó öÆÜøÇ ÙÇçáóáí, ÁÝïñí»óÇ §Î³ñÙÇñ Å³å³í»Ý¦ ËÙµÇ ï³ñ³Í³ßñç³Ý³ÛÇÝ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óáõóÇã áõ Ù³ëÝ³Ïó»óÇ ÎÇ¨áõÙ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ, áñï»Õ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÝ ³Ù»Ý³³ÏïÇíÝ áõ Ïñ»³ïÇíÝ ¿ñ: ²Ûë ³Ù»Ýáí á·»ßÝãí³Í í»ñ³¹³ñÓ³ ¨ Ø²ÒÆ²Ð-Ç áõ 19 Ñ³ÛïÝÇ ³ÝÑ³ïÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï Ñ³Ù³ï»Õ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»óÇÝù §ÒÆ²Ð-Á µáÉáñÇ ¨ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñÇ ËÝ¹ÇñÝ ¿¦ Éáõë³ÝÏ³ñÝ»ñÇ ÙñóáõÛÃÁ: Î³ñÍáõÙ »Ù ÝÙ³Ý ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÁ ÙÇ³Ýß³Ý³Ï ³½¹áõÙ »Ý »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÇ íñ³ áõ µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝ³í»ï »Ý: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ÙÇ³ÛÝ ³Ûë Ùáï»óáõÙÁ ÉÇ³ñÅ»ù ã¿, ù³ÝÇ áñ Ù»Ýù ãáõÝ»Ýù å»ï³Ï³Ý ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝ áõ Ñá·³ÍáõÃÛáõÝ ³Ûë ËÝ¹ñÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÛ³É: - ÎñÏÇÝ í»ñ³¹³éÝ³Ýù Ï³Ý³Ýó: Àëï ù»½, Ç±Ýã ¿ »ñç³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÏÝáç ³ãù»ñáí: - Àëï Çë` ÏÝáç Ñ³Ù³ñ »ñç³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÉÇ³Ï³ï³ñ ¿, »ñµ Ý³ ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ ÇÝùÝ³Çñ³óí»É, »ñµ ³½³ï ¿ Çñ áñáßáõÙÝ»ñáõÙ ¨ ½·³óÙáõÝùÝ»ñÝ ³ñï³Ñ³Ûï»ÉÇë, »ñµ Çñ»Ý í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ »Ý áñå»ë Ñ³í³ë³ñÇ: - ì»ñçáõÙ áñ¨¿ ËáñÑáõñ¹, Ù³ÕÃ³Ýù, ó³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝ Ï³Ý³Ýó:

- Ø³ÕÃáõÙ »Ù, áñ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ÏÇÝ Ï³ñáÕ³Ý³ ·ïÝ»É Çñ »ñç³ÝÏáõÃÛ³Ý µ³Ý³Ó¨Á, ÏÇñ³é»É ³Û¹ µ³Ý³Ó¨Á ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ ¨ Ñ³ëÝ»É ÉÇ³Ï³ï³ñ Ý»ñ¹³ßÝ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý: Î³Ùá ¸³íÃÛ³Ý

group “Red Ribbon” and took part in the events held in Kiev where Armenia was the most active and the most creative participant. Inspired by all this, I returned and together with UNAIDS and 19 celebrities organized the photo competition “AIDS is each and every one’s problem.” I think such steps impact young people and are efficient. Yet this approach alone is not sufficient as we don’t have state support over this issue.

- Back to women; to your mind, what is happiness through a woman’s eyes? - For me, happiness is absolute for a woman when she has the opportunity for self-realization, when she is free in her decisions and in the expression of her feelings, when she is treated as an equal. - Do you have any final wish or advice to women?

- I wish each woman to find her own formula of happiness, apply that formula in life and achieve absolute harmony. Kamo Davtyan

Éáõë³ÝÏ³ñÁ | photo by “Negative Studio”

á·»ßÝãáõÙ inspiration

êáÝ³ Ê³ã³ïñÛ³Ý Sona Khachatryan

2012Ã-Ç ¹»Ïï»Ùµ»ñÇ 1-ÇÝ` ÒÆ²Ð-Ç ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ßË³ñÑ³ÛÇÝ ûñÁ, ÒÆ²Ð-Ç ¹»Ù å³Ûù³ñáõÙ Çñ»Ýó ³Ý·Ý³Ñ³ï»ÉÇ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÝ áõÝ»óáÕ ¨ ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ÏÛ³ÝùÇ áñ³ÏÇ µ³ñÓñ³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ ³ÝÓÝáõñ³ó ³ßË³ïáÕ ³ÝÓ³Ýó` §ÒÆ²Ð-Ç ËÝ¹ñÇ ç³ï³·áíáõÃÛ³Ý ËáõÙµÁ¦ ßÝáñÑ³Ï³É³·ñ»ñ Ñ³ÝÓÝ»ó: Üñ³Ýó ß³ñùáõÙ ¿ñ Ý³¨ §ä»ñÇÝ³ïáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ, Ù³ÝÏ³µ³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç³ÛÇ ÇÝëïÇïáõïÇ¦ Ù³ÝÏ³µ³ñÓáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ÑÕÇáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ñÓñ éÇëÏÇ µ³Å³ÝÙáõÝùÇ í³ñÇã ê. ¶. Ê³ã³ïñÛ³ÝÁ, Ï³Ù áõÕÕ³ÏÇ É³í³ï»ëáõÃÛáõÝ, åñáý»ëÇáÝ³ÉÇ½Ù áõ íëï³ÑáõÃÛáõÝ ×³é³·áÕ êáÝ³ ¶áõñ·»ÝáíÝ³Ý: îÇÏÇÝ

On 1st December, 2012, World AIDS day, “AIDS Advocacy group” gave appreciation certificates to the people who have invaluable contribution to fight AIDS, and work selflessly to raise the life quality of individuals who live with HIV. Among them was also the head of the “Obstetrics and and a Group of Pregnant with High Risk” department in the “Perinatology, Obstetrics, and Gynecology Institute”, S.G. Khachatryan, or simply the virtue of optimism, professionalism and chandelier of trust Sona Gurgenovna, who helps pregnant women living with HIV, deliver healthy, HIV-negative babies. She is completely sure that future medicine is

Ê³ã³ïñÛ³ÝÁ û·ÝáõÙ ¿ ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ ³å³·³ Ù³Ûñ»ñÇÝ ³éáÕç µ³ÉÇÏÝ»ñ ÉáõÛë ³ßË³ñÑ µ»ñ»É: Ü³ ÉÇáíÇÝ Ñ³Ùá½í³Í ¿` µÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý í³Õí³ ûñÁ ß³ï ³í»ÉÇ É³íÝ ¿ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ, ÇëÏ ØÆ²ì-Á ` µáõÅ»ÉÇ: ºë Ýñ³Ý Ñ³í³ïáõÙ »Ù: - ØÇ ÷áùñ å³ïÙ»ù Ò»ñ Ù³ëÇÝ` áñå»ë ³ÝÑ³ï ¨ µÅÇßÏ: - ÌÝí»É »Ù Ù³Ã»Ù³ïÇÏáëÝ»ñÇ ÁÝï³ÝÇùáõÙ: ØÇ³ÛÝ ù»éÇë ¿ µÅÇßÏ »Õ»É: ÆÝùÝáõñáõÛÝ »Ù ÁÝïñ»É Ù³ëÝ³·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝë, µ³Ûó ÇÝùë ³½¹»óáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝ»ó»É »Ù ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇë ³Ý¹³ÙÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÝ³·ÇïáõÃÛ³Ý ÁÝïñáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ñóáõÙ: ´ÅÇßÏ ¹³éÝ³ÉÁ Ù³ÝÏ³Ï³Ý »ñ³½³Ýù ¿ »Õ»É áõ ÙÇ ³ÙµáÕç ·Çï³Ïó³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³Ýù ÝíÇñ»É »Ù ¹ñ³Ý` »ñµ»ÙÝ ½áÑ³µ»ñ»Éáí ³éáÕçáõÃÛáõÝë áõ ³ÝÓÝ³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³Ýùë: ºë ß³ï ëÇñ»É ¨ ëÇñáõÙ »Ù Ù³ëÝ³·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÁ Çñ µáÉáñ Í³Ûñ³Ñ»ÕáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáí` ·Çß»ñ³ÛÇÝ Ñ»ñÃ³å³ÑáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, ãÝáñÙ³íáñí³Í ·ñ³ýÇÏ, Ù»ÕùÇ ½·³óáõÙ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ ³é³ç` Ýñ³Ýó ùÇã áõß³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ïñ³Ù³¹ñ»Éáõ Ñ³Ù³ñ: - Ð³×³Ë Ò»ñ ÏáÉ»·³Ý»ñÁ Ññ³Å³ñíáõÙ »Ý Çñ³Ï³Ý³óÝ»É ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÍÝÝ¹û·ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ: ÆÝãá±í ¿ ¹³ å³ÛÙ³Ý³íáñí³Í: - ²ñ¹Ûá±ù Ï³Ý ³Û¹åÇëÇ Ù³ëÝ³·»ïÝ»ñ (ËÙµ` ½³ñÙ³ó³Í ¿): à±í ¿ ³ë»É, áñ ØÆ²ì-Á ³í»ÉÇ íï³Ý·³íáñ ¿, ù³Ý, ûñÇÝ³Ï, Ñ»å³ïÇïÝ»ñÁ: ÆÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ ³í»ÉÇ íï³Ý·³íáñ »Ý ³ÝÑ³Ûï Ï³ñ·³íÇ×³Ïáí ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÁ: ´ÅÇßÏÁ ³ÛÝ Ù³ëÝ³·»ïÝ ¿, áñ å»ïù ¿ ³ßË³ïÇ ËáÉ»ñ³ÛÇ ¿åÇ¹»ÙÇÏ ûç³ËáõÙ, Ëá½Ç ·ñÇåáí ÏÝáç Ñ»ï, û¹³Ï³ÃÇÉ³ÛÇÝ ×³Ý³å³ñÑáí ÷áË³ÝóíáÕ ³ÛÉ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ÏñáÕÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ï, ÇëÏ ³Û¹ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ³í»ÉÇ íï³Ý·³íáñ »Ý Çñ»Ýó ï³ñ³Íí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ùµ, ÷áË³ÝóÙ³Ý áõÕáí ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: äñáý»ëÇáÝ³ÉÁ Çñ³íáõÝù ãáõÝÇ Ù»ñÅ»Éáõ, Ññ³Å³ñí»Éáõ Ï³Ù ï³ñµ»ñ³Ï»Éáõ. ¹³ Ëá-

going to be far better and particularly AIDS will be curable. I share her faith. - Tell us a little about yourself as an individual and a physician. -I was born in mathematicians’ family. Only my uncle was a doctor. I chose my profession on my own, but it influenced my family members’ profession choice. As a child I always dreamt of becoming a doctor so I dedicate a whole conscious life to it, sometimes sacrificing my health and personal life. Despite, I loved and still love my profession with all its extremes: sleepless nights, non-normalized working schedule and sense of guilt for not providing enough time and attention before the family. - Often your colleagues refuse to help the childbirth of mothers who live with HIV. What is the reason? - Does this kind of professionals exist? (Edt: she is surprised). Who said that HIV is more dangerous than hepatitis? For me more dangerous is a patient with unknown status. Physician is a professional who has to work in cholera epidemic environment, with swine flu, with patients whose disease can be transmitted through air: such diseases are more dangerous by their prevalence, transmission, etc… A professional does not have the right to refuse, ignore or differentiate between patients. Unfortunately this speaks of the society’s low quality. I never wish to describe my society especially the physicians like that. It is painful to realize that in my society especially the physicians can be described like that. - How come you’ve decided to work in the sphere of HIV prevention? - The cooperation started from a very simple call: my colleague, classmate and an old friend Samvel Grigoryan –director of National Center

ëáõÙ ¿ ³Û¹ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ó³Íñ áñ³ÏÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: ºë ã¿Ç áõ½»Ý³, áñ ÇÙ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ` ³é³í»É ¨ë µÅÇßÏÝ»ñÁ, ³Û¹å»ë µÝáõÃ³·ñí»Ý: - ÆëÏ ¹áõù ÇÝãå»±ë áñáß»óÇù ³ßË³ï»É ØÆ²ì-ÇÝ ³éÝãíáÕ ÑÇÙÝ³Ñ³ñó»ñÇ áÉáñïáõÙ: - Ð³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ ëÏëí»É ¿ ß³ï å³ñ½ ÁÝÏ»ñ³Ï³Ý ½³Ý·Çó: ÆÙ ¹³ëÁÝÏ»ñ, Ñ³Ù³Ïáõñë»óÇ, ÑÇÝ ÁÝÏ»ñ ÐÐ ²Ü ÒÆ²Ð-Ç Ï³ÝË³ñ·»ÉÙ³Ý Ñ³Ýñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ïÝûñ»Ý ê³Ùí»É ¶ñÇ·áñÛ³ÝÁ ½³Ý·³Ñ³ñ»ó áõ ³ë³ó, áñ ËÝ¹Çñ Ï³ ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÍÝÝ¹û·ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåÙ³Ý Ñ³ñóáõÙ: ºë å³ñ½³å»ë Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ËÝ¹ñ»óÇ, áñå»ë½Ç å³ïñ³ëïí»Ù: àõëáõÙÝ³ëÇñ»óÇ ÙÇç³½·³ÛÇÝ ÷áñÓÁ, åñåï»óÇ Ñ³Ù³ó³ÝóÁ, ³å³ ËáñÑñ¹³Ïó»óÇ Ñ³Ï³Ñ³Ù³×³ñ³Ï³ÛÇÝ Í³é³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ»ï, áñáÝó Ñ»ï ë»ñï Ñ³Ù³·áñÍ³ÏóáõÙ »Ù. Ýñ³Ýù µÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÃÇÏáõÝùÝ »Ý: 2003Ã-ÇÝ ³é³çÇÝ ³Ý·³Ù íÇñ³Ñ³ï»óÇ ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ ÑÕÇ ÏÝáç áõ, ÷³éù ²ëïÍá, ÙÇÝã ûñë, Ñ³Ù³Ó³ÛÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ íÇ×³Ï³·áõÃÛ³Ý, µáÉáñ Ýáñ³ÍÇÝÝ»ñÁ ³éáÕç »Ý ÍÝí»É` ØÆ²ì µ³ó³ë³Ï³Ý »Ý : - ²Ûëù³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ¿ ³ßË³ïáõÙ »ù ³Ûë áÉáñïáõÙ, ³ñ¹Ûá±ù ³×»É ¿ ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÃÇíÁ, áíù»ñ ó³ÝÏ³ÝáõÙ »Ý »ñ»Ë³ áõÝ»Ý³É: Î³ñáÕ »Ù Ñ³í³ëïÇ³óÝ»É, áñ Çñ³½»Ïí³ÍáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ñÓñ³óÙ³Ý Ñ»ï Ù»Ïï»Õ ³×»É ¿ ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó ÃÇíÁ, áíù»ñ ó³ÝÏ³ÝáõÙ »Ý Ù³Ûñ ¹³éÝ³É: Þ³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ ¿ Ýß»É Ý³¨ ÒÆ²Ð Ï»ÝïñáÝÇ ³ñ¹ÛáõÝ³í»ï ³ßË³ï³ÝùÁ ¨° Ñ³ÛïÝ³µ»ñÙ³Ý, ¨° Ñ»ï³·³ Ù³ëÝ³·Çï³Ï³Ý ÑëÏáÕáõÃÛ³Ý, µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý áõ Ñá·»µ³Ý³Ï³Ý û·ÝáõÃÛ³Ý, Ã³ÝÏ³ñÅ»ù ¹»Õáñ³ÛùÝ»ñÇ, Ùáñ Ï³ÃÁ ÷áË³ñÇÝáÕ Ýáñ³ÍÇÝÝ»ñÇ ëÝÝ¹Ç, ßÇ×áõÏÝ»ñÇ ³Ýí×³ñ ïñ³Ù³¹ñÙ³Ý ï»ë³ÝÏÛáõÝÇó: - Ð»Ýí»Éáí ï³ñµ»ñ ëáõµÛ»ÏïÇí ¨ ûµÛ»ÏïÇí ·áñÍáÝÝ»ñÇ íñ³` Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ

for AIDS Prevention of RA Ministry of Health, called and told me that there was a problem with obstetrics of HIV-positive patients. I simply asked for sufficient time to get prepared.

I studied international experience, investigated in the internet and counseled with epidemiological service center, with which we have ongoing cooperation until this day. They are a big support to medicine. In 2003 for the first time I operated a surgery for a HIV-positive pregnant, and thank God, so far, according to Center statistics all of the infants were born healthy, without HIV. - How long is it that you work in this sphere?

ëï»ÕÍí»É ¿ áã ÙÇ³Ýß³Ý³Ï` Ñ³×³Ë ÝáõÛÝÇëÏ áã ¹ñ³Ï³Ý Ï³ñÍÇù ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ù³ëÇÝ: Æ±Ýã ¹Åí³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ ËáãÁÝ¹áïÝ»ñÇ »ù Ñ³Ý¹Çå»É Ò»ñ ³ßË³ï³ÝùÇ ÁÝÃ³óùáõÙ: - Ø»ñ ³½·Á áõÝÇ ³Ûë Ñ³ïÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ. ã·Çï»Ù, áõñ»ÙÝ ÑÇí³Ý¹ ã»Ù: ²ÛëÇÝùÝ ËÝ¹Çñ Ï³ å³óÇ»ÝïÇÝ Ñ³Ùá½»Éáõ, áñ ³ÝóÝÇ ³Û¹ Ñ»ï³-½áïáõÃÛáõÝÁ: úñ»ÝùÁ ãÇ Ý³Ë³ï»ëáõÙ å³ñ-ï³¹Çñ Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝ, ¨ ß³ï µ³Ý Ï³Ëí³Í ¿ µÅßÏÇ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇó, ç³Ýù»ñÇó áõ åñáý»ëÇáÝ³ÉÇ½ÙÇó: Þ³ï Ï³Ý³Ûù 3 ³ëÙ³Ï³Ý ÑÕÇ ÉÇÝ»Éáí` Ýáñ å³ñ½áõÙ »Ý Çñ»Ýó Ï³ñ·³íÇ×³ÏÁ áõ ÁÝÏÝáõÙ ÁÝÏ×³ËïÇ Ù»ç` í³Ë»Ý³Éáí ¨° ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ, ¨° Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ³ñÓ³·³ÝùÇó, ¨° Çñ áõ »ñ»Ë³ÛÇ ³å³·³ÛÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: Ø»Ï ³ÛÉ ËÝ¹Çñ ¿ Ý³¨ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ñÍÇùÁ, í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ. ØÆ²ì-Á Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ùáï ³í»ÉÇ í³ï Ñ³Ùµ³í áõÝÇ ë»é³í³ñ³Ï ÉÇÝ»Éáõ å³ï×³éáí, ³ÛÉ³å»ë Ñ»å³ïÇïÝ»ñÁ ß³ï ³í»ÉÇ íï³Ý·³íáñ »Ý: - ²Ûëù³Ý Ï³ñ¨áñ áõ µ³ñ¹ áÉáñïáõÙ ¸áõù Ñ³ë»É »ù ³ñ¹»Ý Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ ï»ë³Ý»ÉÇ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ: à±ñÝ ¿ Ò»ñ Ñ³çáÕáõÃÛ³Ý ·ñ³í³Ï³ÝÁ: - ØÇ ³ÛëåÇëÇ ã·ñí³Í ûñ»Ýù ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ. µáÉáñ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ Ñ»ï í³ñí»É áñå»ë åáï»ÝóÇ³É ØÆ²ì áõÝ»óáÕÝ»ñÇ: î³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ ãÏ³ ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇ Ù»ç. ÑÇí³Ý¹Á å»ïù ¿ ÁÝïñÇ µÅßÏÇÝ ³ÛÉ áã Ã¿ Ñ³Ï³é³ÏÁ: Þ³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ ¿ Ý³¨ ÏáÝý»¹»ÝóÇ³ÉáõÃÛáõÝÁ. ³Û¹ ÏÇÝÁ ãå»ïù ¿ ³é³ÝÓÝ³Ý³ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÇó áõ ÙÝ³ó³Í ÑÇí³Ý¹Ý»ñÇó: ²ÝÓÝ³Ï³½ÙÇë ÙÇßï ³ëáõÙ »Ù` É»½áõÝ»ñÁ` ³ï³ÙÝ»ñÇ ï³Ï, Ó»éÝáóÝ»ñÁ Ó»éùÇÝ` å³ßïå³Ýí³Í. ÙÝ³ó³ÍÇ Ñ»ï ·áñÍ ãáõÝ»ù: ÆëÏ ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýñ³å»ë »ë ß³ï »Ù ëÇñáõÙ Ù³ëÝ³·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝë áõ Ù³ëÝ³·Çï³Ï³Ý ï»ë³ÝÏÛáõÝÇó ß³ï »Ù ëÇñáõÙ Ï³Ý³Ýó: Î³ñ¨áñ »Ý Ý³¨ áñáß³ÏÇ Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßÝ»ñ, áñáÝù å³ñ-

Has the number of HIV –positive women who want to get pregnant increased recently? -I can assure that through the raise of awareness in the society the number of these patients has increased. And it is also important to indicate the AIDS Prevention Center effective efforts with detection, and further provision of professional supervision, psychological and medical care, expensive medications, free syrups and infant nutrition as breast milk alternatives. - Regarding to various subjective and objective factors, our society has formed biased, even not a positive opinion about HIV-positive people. What problems and obstacles did you face during your career? - Our society has this notion: I am not aware so I am not infected. There is a problem with persuasion of patient to take a test. The law has not foreseen obligatory examination, so the doctor’s attitude towards the patient, their professionalism and effort is essential here. Most women find out about their status when they are 3 month pregnant and they fall into depression fearing for their family and society reaction and their child’s future. Another issue is also the society’s opinion and attitude. HIV has more of bad reputation among infections, because of its STI fact, otherwise hepatitis are far more dangerous. - You’ve accomplished visible changes for the society being at such a young age. What is the secret of your success? - An unwritten law exists that suggests treating all patients as they are potentially HIV-positive. There is no difference among them: the patient herself should choose her doctor not vice versa. Confidentiality has also a vital importance; that woman should not stand out from the society and rest of patients. I always tell my staff: keep

ï³¹Çñ »Ý Ù³ÝÏ³µ³ñÓ-·ÇÝ»ÏáÉá·Ç Ñ³Ù³ñ: Ü³ å»ïù ¿ ÉÇÝÇ µ³ñÇ, ¿ÙáóÇáÝ³É, ³ñ³· ³ñÓ³·³ÝùáÕ: Þ³ï Ï³ñ¨áñ ¿ ³Ýï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛ³Ý µ³ó³Ï³ÛáõÃÛáõÝÝ áõ Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÇ ½·³óáõÙÁ : - ºí í»ñçáõÙ Ó»ñ áõÕ»ñÓÝ áõ ËáñÑáõñ¹Á Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ¨ ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ Ï³Ý³Ýó: Þ³ï Ïáõ½»Ý³ÛÇ` Ý³Ëù³Ý ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÛ³Ý å»ï³Ï³Ý ·ñ³ÝóáõÙÁ` ûñ»Ýùáí å³ñï³¹Çñ ¹³ñÓÝ»ÇÝù ØÆ²ì-Ç ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ÇÝãå»ë ß³ï »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ ¿: ÂáÕ ½áõ·ÁÝÏ»ñ¹ ÇÙ³Ý³ ùá Ï³ñ·³íÇ×³ÏÁ áõ ù»½ ÁÝïñÇ, áã Ã» ¹³éÝ³ ½áÑ: Îáõ½»Ç ¹ÇÙ»É »ñÇï³ë³ñ¹Ý»ñÇÝ, áñ É³í ×³Ý³ã»Ý ë»é³í³ñ³ÏÝ»ñÁ, å³ßïå³Ýí»Ý áõ Ñ»éáõ ÙÝ³Ý ³ÝÑ³Ûï Ï³å»ñÇó: ØÛáõë ËÝ¹ñ³Ýùë ÑÕÇ Ï³Ý³Ýó ¿ í»ñ³µ»ñáõÙ` ÃáÕ ãí³Ë»Ý³Ý áõ Ñ³ëÏ³Ý³Ý` ÙÇßï Ï³ ÙÇ µÅÇßÏ, áñ Çñ»Ýó Ïû·ÝÇ ÍÝÝ¹³µ»ñ»É ³éáÕç µ³ÉÇÏÝ»ñ: àõ ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýñ³å»ë »ë Ñ³Ùá½í³Í »Ù` µÅßÏáõÃÛ³Ý í³Õí³ ûñÁ ß³ï ³í»ÉÇ É³íÝ ¿ ÉÇÝ»Éáõ: ä³óÇ»ÝïÝ»ñÇë ÙÇßï ³ëáõÙ »Ù, áñ ãí³Ë»Ý³Ý, å³Ûù³ñ»Ý áõ ÑáõÛë áõÝ»Ý³Ý: â»ë Ï³ñáÕ ÇÙ³Ý³É` 5 ï³ñÇ Ñ»ïá ·ÇïáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÇÝãå»ë Ï½³ñ·³Ý³: ØÇßï ûñÇÝ³Ï »Ù µ»ñáõÙ ëÇýÇÉÇëÁ: ²ÛÝ »ñÏ³ñ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï Ù³Ñ³µ»ñ ÑÇí³Ý¹áõÃÛáõÝ ¿ñ Ñ³Ù³ñíáõÙ, áõ ß³ï Ñ³ÝÏ³ñÍ³ÏÇ µáõÅáõÙÁ ·ïÝí»ó: ÆëÏ ÙÇ·áõó» ØÆ²ì-Ç µáõÅáõÙÁ ÝáõÛÝå»±ë ³ñ¹»Ý ·ïÝí»É ¿:

¶áñÍÁÝÏ»ñÁ êáÝ³ Ê³ã³ïñÛ³ÝÇ Ù³ëÇÝ

tongues under teeth, wear gloves and be protected; the rest is not your business. But generally I love my profession very much and professionally I like women. There are also some essential features for an obstetric-gynecologist; she has to be kind, emotional and vigilant. She should have a rational sense of time and should lack indifference. - And in the end, your message and advice to the society and women living with HIV. - It would have been great if before state registration of marriage the law obliged HIV testing, like in many countries. Let your partner know about your status and then choose you, and avoid becoming a victim. I want to address our youth to know STIs, get protection and stay distant from unknown relations. My next request is for pregnant women: not be afraid and remember that there is always a doctor who will help to give a birth to their babies. En masse I am convinced that the future of medicine is going to be far better. I always encourage my patients not to be afraid, to fight and have faith. You don’t know how science will develop. I bring repeatedly syphilis as an example. For a long time it was considered as a fatal disease, but very coincidently the cure was found. And maybe the cure of HIV is already found.

Colleague about Sona Khachatryan

²ÝÝ³ ²í»ïÇëÛ³Ý §Æñ³Ï³Ý ³ßË³ñÑ, Çñ³Ï³Ý Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ¦ ÐÎ

Anna Avetisyan “Real World, Real People” NGO

- Üñ³ Ù³ëÇÝ Ï³ñáÕ »Ù Ëáë»É ³Ýí»ñç, ³Ý¹³¹³ñ áõ ÙÇßï ÙÇ³ÛÝ ³Ù»Ý³¹ñ³Ï³ÝÁ: ºí ë³ ÙÇ³ÛÝ ÇÙ Ï³ñÍÇùÁ ã¿, ³ÛÉ µ³½Ù³ÃÇí ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ Ù³Ûñ»ñÇ: Ü³ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ

- I can talk about her constantly, non-stop and always positive. This is not only me who share this idea, but numerous mothers who live with HIV. She does not put a difference between

ãÇ ¹ÝáõÙ ÑÇí³Ý¹»ñÇ Ù»ç, ¨ Ñ³Ý¹»ë ¿ ·³ÉÇë Ý³Ë áñå»ë Ñá·³ï³ñ áõ ëñï³ó³í Ù³Ûñ, ÍÝáÕ, ³å³ åñáý»ëÇáÝ³É, áñÁ áã Ã» áõÕÕ³ÏÇ Çñ ·áñÍÝ ¿ ³ÝáõÙ, ³ÛÉ 9 ³ÙÇë ß³ñáõÝ³Ï ³åñáõÙ ¿ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ ØÆ²ì-áí ³åñáÕ ÏÝáç å³ïÙáõÃÛ³Ùµ: ØÇ ¹»åù å³ïÙ»Ù í»ñç»ñë ¿ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó»É: 40 ³Ýó ÙÇ ÏÇÝ` ³é³çÝ»Ïáí ÑÕÇ, ÇÙ³ó»É ¿ñ Çñ Ï³ñ·³íÇ×³ÏÁ áõ áñáß»É ³½³ïí»É åïÕÇó: ²Û¹å»ë ³Ñ³íáñ ÁÝÏ×í³Í` ·Ý³ó»É ¿ÇÝù ËáñÑñ¹³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ý êáÝ³ ¶áõñ·»ÝáíÝ³ÛÇ Ùáï: Æ±Ýã ³ë»Ù` ³ñ¹»Ý Ù»Ï ³ÙëÇó ÏÍÝíÇ ³Û¹ µ³ÉÇÏÁ: Ü³ ÑáõÛë ¿ Ý»ñßÝãáõÙ áõ á·¨áñáõÙ ¿ Ï³Ý³Ýó: ²Ù»Ý ³Ý·³Ù Çñ Ùáï ·Ý³ÉÇë ³ëáõÙ »Ýù` ·ÝáõÙ »Ýù Ù»ñ ÑáõÛëÇ Ùáï: Îáõ½»Ù ÙÇßï ÙÝ³ ³ÛÝåÇëÇÝ ÇÝãåÇëÇÝ áñ ¿` ¹ñ³Ï³Ý, ëÏ½µáõÝù³ÛÇÝ, Ù³ñ¹³ë»ñ: Þ³ï Ïáõ½»Ý³Ù, áñ ³Ýã³÷ »ñç³ÝÇÏ ÉÇÝÇ, ³éáÕç áõ ÙÇßï Ù»½ Ñ»ï ÉÇÝÇ:

her patients. She stands for an attentive and caring mother and parent, than as for a professional. Not only she does her duty but she lives with her each patient life-story for nine months continuously. I will tell you about an incident that happened recently. A woman, who in her forties and was pregnant for the first time, found out about her status and decided to abort her child. With this despondent situation we went for a consultation with Sona Gurgenovna. What can I say? She will deliver the baby in one month. She inspires hope and motivates women. Each time we go to meet her, we say to ourselves- we are meeting our hope. I want her to stay as the way she is; positive, fundamental and humane. I really want her to be infinitely happy, healthy and present among us.

Ø³ñÇ³ ²µñ³Ñ³ÙÛ³Ý

Maria Abrahamyan

×³Ý³å³ñÑáñ¹ traveler

²é³ëå»ÉÝ»ñÁ, áñ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ å³ïÙáõÙ »Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ ¨ ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ àõÕ¨áñí»Éáí ²ØÜ-Çó Ð³Û³ëï³Ý` áñå»ë Ñ»ï³½áïáÕ The myths people tell about family and sexuality: Traveling from the U.S. to Armenia as a researcher

²ØÜ-Çó »Ï³ Ð³Û³ëï³Ý, áñå»ë Ù³ñ¹³µ³Ý áõëáõÙÝ³ëÇñ»Éáõ ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ³½·³ÛÝ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³åÁ: Ð³ïÏ³å»ë ï»ÕÛ³Ï ÉÇÝ»Éáí §¸Ç²Ûàõ³Û¦ ÷³µÇ ¨ §Ð³Ýñ³ÛÇÝ ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ Ï³ñÇù¦ (öÆÜø) áõ §Î³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë³ÛÇÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝ¦ (ÎèÎ) ÐÎ-Ý»ñÇ ´³½Ù³½³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ßù»ñÃÇ íñ³ Ñ³ñÓ³ÏáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ` Ý³Ë³å³ïñ³ëïí»É ¿Ç Éë»Éáõ ß³ï å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ ³ÛÝ Ù³ëÇÝ, Ã» ÇÝãå»ë »Ý §ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ ÏáñÍ³ÝáõÙ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÁ ¨ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ¦: ²ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, »ë Ñ³ëÏ³ó³, áñ ÇÙ å³ïÏ»ñ³óáõÙÝÙ»ñÁ, Ã» ÇÝãå»ë »Ý Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ùÝÝ³ñÏáõÙ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ ¨ ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýáõñ ³éÙ³Ùµ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óÝáõÙ È¶´î Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó, ³ÛÝ ã¿ÇÝ, ÇÝã »ë ëå³ëáõÙ ¿Ç: Ø»Ýù Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Éñ³ïí³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇó ß³ï å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ »Ýù Éë»É »ñÏñÇ »íñáå³Ï³Ý ·³Õ³÷³ñÝ»ñÇ` ÇÝãå»ë ë»é³Ï³Ý ³½³ïáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý å³ï×³éáí §³ÛÉ³ë»éí»Éáõ¦ Ù³ëÇÝ: Àëï Çë` ß³ï Ñ»ï³ùÁñùÇñ ¿, áñ Ýáñ ·³Õ³÷³ñÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÁ ÏáñÍ³Ý»Éáõ Ù³ëÇÝ å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ³Û¹ù³Ý Ñ»ßïáõÃÛ³Ùµ »Ý Ý»ñËáõÅ»É Éñ³ïí³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñ` Ãáù ßááõÝ»ñ, Ã»ñÃ»ñ, Ñ³Ù³ó³Ýó ¨ ³ÛÉÝ: ê³ ×Çßï Ñ³Ï³é³ÏÝ ¿ ³ÛÝ ³Ù»ÝÇ, ÇÝã »ë ·ï³ ºñ¨³ÝáõÙ ÇÙ

Travelling to Armenia as an anthropologist from the U.S. studying sexuality and kinship, especially having followed up on the DIY firebombing and the attack on the Public Information and Need of Knowledge (PINK) and Women’s Resource Center’s (WRC) Diversity March, I was prepared to hear many stories about how “gay people are ruining Armenia and the Armenian family”. However, as always, I found that the way people discuss family and the way LGBT are represented in general, was not what I was expecting at all. We have heard many stories in the Armenian media about the perversion of this country by European ideas like sexual liberation and homosexuality. I find it quite interesting that stories about Armenian culture being ruined by new ideas enter the media so easily – on talk shows, in newspapers, Internet etc. This seems quite contrary to what I have found in my research in Yerevan. Just to be clear, I am not saying that LGBTI people in Armenia are treated very well, or that being LGBTI is very easy. However, the idea that homosexuality travels from

Ñ»ï³½áïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï: àõÕÕ³ÏÇ å³ñ½³µ³Ý»Ù` »ë ã»Ù ³ëáõÙ, áñ È¶´î Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ ß³ï É³í »Ý í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ, Ï³Ù áñ È¶´î ÉÇÝ»ÉÁ ß³ï Ñ»ßï ¿ ³Ûëï»Õ: ²ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, ÙÇïùÁ, áñ ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ »ñ¨áõÛÃÁ ·³ÉÇë ¿ ºíñáå³ÛÇó Ï³Ù ØÇ³óÛ³É Ü³Ñ³Ý·Ý»ñÇó Ð³Û³ëï³Ý Ï³Ù, áñ ³ÛÝ ÏáñÍ³ÝáõÙ ¿ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Ùß³ÏáõÛÃÁ, ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ñ³Ùá½ÙáõÝùÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý, áõÙ ßñç³ÝáõÙ »ë ³Ýó »Ù Ï³óñ»É áõëáõÙÝ³ëÇñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ: ö³ëï³óÇ, ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³ÝóÇó ß³ï»ñÁ, áõÙ Ñ»ï ³Ýó »Ù Ï³óñ»É Ù³ëÝ³ÏóÇ ¹Çï³ñÏáõÙ ¨ Ñ³ñó³½ñáõÛó »Ù í»ñóñ»É, ÇëÏ³å»ë ùÝÝ³ñÏáõÙ »Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ áõ ¹ñ³ ÏáñÍ³ÝáõÙÁ, µ³Ûó ÏáñÍ³ÝáõÙÁ ëáíáñ³µ³ñ í»ñ³·ñíáõÙ ¿ Ï³é³í³ñáõÃÛ³Ý Ï³ß³é³Ï»ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, ûÉÇ·³ñËÇ³ÛÇÝ, ·áñÍ³½ñÏáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ¨ Ñ³Û»ñÇ ¹Åí³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇÝ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ³éûñÛ³ ÏÛ³ÝùáõÙ: ²ÛëåÇëáí ³ÛÝ ÙÇïùÁ, áñ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñÁ ÏáñÍ³ÝíáõÙ »Ý ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ »íñáå³Ï³Ý ·³Õ³÷³ñÝ»ñÇó ÙÇ ³é³ëå»É ¿, áñ å³ïÙíáõÙ ¿ ³½·³ÛÝ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ í»ñóíáõÙ Éñ³ïí³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ ÏáÕÙÇó: Ø»Ï ³ÛÉ ³é³ëå»É ¿ ³ÛÝ, áñ ³é³çÇÝ Ñ»ñÃÇÝ ÏáñÍ³ÝíáõÙ ¿ ³ÝµÇÍ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ: Ð³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñÁ ß³ï ½³Ý³½³Ý »Ý: àñáßÝ»ñÁ áõÝ»Ý áñ¹ÇÝ»ñ ¨ ¹áõëïñ»ñ, áñáßÝ»ñÁ ÙÇ³ÛÝ áñ¹ÇÝ»ñ, áñáßÝ»ñÁ ÙÇ³ÛÝ ¹áõëïñ»ñ: àñáßÝ»ñÝ ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýñ³å»ë »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñ ãáõÝ»Ý: àñáß Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ³ÙáõëÝ³ó³Í ã»Ý: àñáß Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ³ÙáõëÝ³ÉáõÍí³Í »Ý: ºí ß³ï Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ ³åñáõÙ »Ý ³ÛÉ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ: Î³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ, áñï»Õ ÏÇÝÁ ¨ ³ÙáõëÇÝÁ ³ßË³ïáõÙ »Ý, Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ, áñï»Õ ÙÇ³ÛÝ ÏÇÝÝ ¿ ³ßË³ïáõÙ, Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ, áñï»Õ ÙÇ³ÛÝ ³ÙáõëÇÝÝ ¿ ³ßË³ïáõÙ:Î³Ý Ý³¨ ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ, áñï»Õ áã áù ãÇ ³ßË³ïáõÙ: Î³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ, áñ µ³ÕÏ³ó³Í »Ý ùáõÛñ»ñÇó, ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ, áñ µ³ÕÏ³ó³Í »Ý »Õµ³ÛñÝ»ñÇó, ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ, áñ µ³ÕÏ³ó³Í »Ý ÏÛ³ÝùÁ ÙÇÙÛ³Ýó Ñ»ï ÏÇëáÕ Ñ³ñ¨³ÝÝ»ñÇó, ¨ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÝ»ñ ÙÇ¨ÝáõÛÝ ë»éÇ ³ÙáõëÇÝÝ»ñÇó: Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ

Europe or the United States into Armenia or that it is destroying Armenian culture are not beliefs held by most of the people among whom I have conducted research. In fact, most people I have interviewed and conducted participant observation with do discuss the family and its destruction – but that destruction is usually ascribed to the government’s corruption, oligarchy, unemployment and the difficulties of Armenians to live in Armenia today. So, the idea that Armenian families are being ruined by European ideas about sexuality is a myth that is told by many nationalists and picked up by the media. Another myth is that there is a pure Armenian family to be ruined in the first place. Armenian families are very diverse. Some have sons and daughters; some have only sons, some only daughters. Some have no children at all. Some people are not married. Some people are divorced. And many peoples’ families live in other countries. There are homes in which husband and wife work; there are homes in which only the wife works; there are homes in which only the husband works. There are also homes in which no one works. There are families that are made up of sisters, families that are made up of brothers, families that are made up of neighbors sharing their lives together, and families of same-sex partners. There is not one kind of family in Armenia and whatever there is here is likely to change through time – as have the ones living here now changed through time. As a researcher I am well aware that what people tell you is also indicative of what they are not telling you. Very few of those I interviewed have mentioned homosexuality. However, this does not mean that people are unaware of homosexuality or

ãÏ³ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ Ù»Ï ï»ë³Ï, ¨ ÇÝã ¿É ³Ûëï»Õ ÉÇÝÇ, Ñ³í³Ý³µ³ñ, Ï÷áËíÇ Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÇ ÁÝÃ³óùáõÙ, ÇÝãå»ë, áñ ³Ûëï»Õ ³åñáÕÝ»ñÝ »Ý ÷áËí»É Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÇ ÁÝÃ³óùáõÙ: àñå»ë Ñ»ï³½áïáÕ` »ë ù³ç³ï»ÕÛ³Ï »Ù, áñ ³ÛÝ ÇÝã Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ù»½ å³ïÙáõÙ »Ý µÝáñáßáõÙ ¿ Ý³¨ ³ÛÝ, ÇÝãÁ ù»½ ã»Ý å³ïÙáõÙ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ë³ ãÇ Ýß³Ý³ÏáõÙ, áñ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ï»ÕÛ³Ï ã»Ý ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ »ñ¨áõÛÃÇó Ï³Ù È¶´î ³ÝÓ³ÝóÇó, Ï³Ù ¿É ã»Ý Ùï³ÍáõÙ ³Ûë ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ, ½ñáõó³ÏóÇ Ñ»ï ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ùÝÝ³ñÏ»ÉÇë ÇÝÓ ³ë³óÇÝ, áñ ãÝ³Û³Í ß³ï Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ ï»ÕÛ³Ï »Ý »ñ¨áõÛÃÇó ¨ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ ¹ñ³ ³éÏ³ÛáõÃÛ³Ý Ù³ëÇÝ, Ýñ³Ýù ¹³ µ³ó³Ñ³Ûïáñ»Ý ã»Ý ùÝÝ³ñÏáõÙ: î³ÝÁ ùÝÝ³ñÏáõÙÝ»ñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï, ûñÇÝ³Ï, ÇÙ ½ñáõó³ÏÇóÁ Ýß»ó §ë»é³Ï³Ý ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ¦ ¨ Ýñ³ Ñ³ÛñÁ ³ñÓ³·³Ýù»ó,- §Æ±Ýã ë»é³Ï³Ý ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ: Üñ³Ýù ÷áùñ³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝ ã»Ý: Üñ³Ýù ³Ù»Ýáõñ »Ý` ²½·³ÛÇÝ ÄáÕáíáõÙ ¨ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ»: ÂíáõÙ ¿` ë³ ë»é³Ï³Ý ÷áñÓ³éáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ÙÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýáõñ å³ïÏ»ñ³óáõÙÝ ¿ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝáõÙ: ÜáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ³ÛëåÇëáí, ÙÝáõÙ ¿ Ýñ³ Ù»ç, ÇÝãÁ Ù³ñ¹³µ³ÝÝ»ñÁ ÏáãáõÙ »Ý »ÝÃ³ï»ùëï, ßáõñçÁ åïïíáÕ Ï³Ù ³ÏÝ³ñÏáÕ ï³ñµ»ñ Ï³ÝáÝÝ»ñ ¨ Ýß³ÝÝ»ñ Ï³Ý, µ³Ûó »ñµ»ù ãÇ ÝßíáõÙ Ñ»Ýó »ñ¨áõÛÃÁ: ºí »ñµ ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ³ÏÝ³ñÏíáõÙ ¿, ëáíáñ³µ³ñ ãÇ ¹Çï³ñÏíáõÙ áñå»ë ³ñï³ùÇÝ áõÅ, áñ Ý»ñËáõÅáõÙ ¿ Ð³Û³ëï³Ý: ²í»ÉÇ ×Çßï ³ÛÝ Ñ³×³Ë ÁÝ¹áõÝíáõÙ ¿ áñå»ë ÙÇ µ³Ý, áñ ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ ¨ µ³í³Ï³Ý Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ ¿ áõÝ»ó»É: ê»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÁÝ¹Ñ³Ýñ³å»ë µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ Ñ³×³Ë ¿ ùÝÝ³ñÏíáõÙ: ²ÛÝáõ³Ù»Ý³ÛÝÇí, Ý³Ë³ÙáõëÝ³Ï³Ý ë»ùëÁ, Ï³Ý³Ýó ï»Õ»Ï³óí³ÍáõÃÛáõÝÁ ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏÛ³ÝùÇó Ï³Ù ó³ÝÏáõÃÛáõÝ ½·³ÉÁ ã»Ý ¹Çï³ñÏíáõÙ áñå»ë ºíñáå³ÛÇó »ÏáÕ ³ñÅ»ùÝ»ñ: ¸ñ³Ýù ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³ÝáõÙ ùÝÝ³ñÏíáõÙ »Ý áñå»ë Å³Ù³Ý³ÏÝ»ñÇ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝ áõ §Å³Ù³Ý³Ï³ÏÇó¦ ¹³éÝ³É: ºí ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÙÇßï ã¿ Ýß³Ý³ÏáõÙ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ

LGBT identity in Armenia or do not think about these issues. In discussing homosexuality in Armenia with an interlocutor, I was told that while most people are aware of homosexuality and understand that it exists in Armenia, they do not openly discuss it. During a discussion at home, for example, my interlocutor mentioned “sexual minorities” and his father responded: “What sexual minorities? They’re not a minority. They are everywhere in the National Assembly and the Ministries.” This seems to be a common notion of sexual practices in Armenia. Homosexuality, thus, remains within what anthropologists call subtext, a circling around or hinting at through various codes and signs but never directly mentioning the thing itself. And when it is alluded to, homosexuality is not usually seen as an outside force entering Armenia. Rather, it is often acknowledged as something that exists here and has for quite some time. Sexuality in general, however, is quite often discussed. However, having sex before marriage, women being aware of sexual life or experiencing desire, are not seen as coming from European values. They are generally discussed as the times changing and becoming “modern.” And change does not always mean the destruction of the Armenian family. One woman told me “People are becoming more open now and girls are more knowledgeable about sexuality before they are married. This is not always a bad thing. It is only bad when they are treated badly by their parentsin-law because they are not virgins.” This kind of statement was quite common in my interviews. The red apple tradition is often still practiced, but in many cases (not all) it seems to have been removed from the issue of virginity. Of course, there are

ÏáñÍ³ÝáõÙ: ØÇ ÏÇÝ ÇÝÓ ³ë³ó,- §Ø³ñ¹ÇÏ ³í»ÉÇ µ³ó »Ý ¹³éÝáõÙ ¨ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÁ ³í»ÉÇ ï»ÕÛ³Ï »Ý ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó Ý³Ëù³Ý ³ÙáõëÝ³Ý³ÉÁ: ê³ ÙÇßï ã¿, áñ í³ï ¿: ¸³ í³ï ¿ ÙÇ³ÛÝ, »ñµ ëÏ»ëñ³ÛñÁ ¨ ëÏ»ëáõñÁ í³ï »Ý í»ñ³µ»ñíáõÙ, áñáíÑ»ï¨ Ý³ ÏáõÛë ã¿¦: ²ÛëåÇëÇ Ñ³Ûï³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ µ³í³Ï³ÝÇÝ ï³ñ³Íí³Í ¿ñ ÇÙ Ñ³ñó³½ñáõÛóÝ»ñáõÙ: Î³ñÙÇñ ËÝÓáñÇ ³í³Ý¹áõÛÃÁ Ñ³×³Ë ¹»é ÏÇñ³éíáõÙ ¿, µ³Ûó ß³ï ¹»åù»ñáõÙ (áã µáÉáñ) ÃíáõÙ ¿, Ã» ³ÛÝ ³é³ÝÓÝ³óí³Í ¿ ÏáõëáõÃÛ³Ý ËÝ¹ñÇó: ÆÑ³ñÏ», Ï³Ý Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áíù»ñ ÇÝÓ ³ë³óÇÝ, áñ ÏÝáç Ñ³Ù³ñ ³ÙáÃ³ÉÇ ¿ ë»é³Ï³Ý ÷áñÓ áõÝ»Ý³É ³ÙáõëÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó ³é³ç: ÆÝãå»ë Ý³¨ ß³ï Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ §ÃíáõÙ ¿, Ï³ñ»ÏóáõÙ »Ý ³ÛÝ ³ÕçÇÏÝ»ñÇÝ, áõÙ Ù»Õùáí ãÇ »Õ»É ¹³: ºë ã»Ù åÝ¹áõÙ, áñ Ñ³Û»ñÇ Ù»Í Ù³ëÁ ÉÇáíÇÝ ÁÝ¹áõÝáõÙ ¿ ë»é³Ï³Ý ³½³ïáõÃÛ³Ý áñ¨¿ Ó¨, µ³Ûó ³Ûëï»Õ, ÇÙ Ï³ñÍÇùáí, ³ÛÝ ·³Õ³÷³ñÁ, áñ ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ºíñáå³ÛÇó Ï³Ù ØÇ³óÛ³É Ü³Ñ³Ý·Ý»ñÇó ¿ µ»ñí³Í, ³é³ëå»É ¿: àñå»ë Ù»ÏÁ, áí ·³ÉÇë ¿ ³ÛÝ »ÝÃ³¹ñÛ³É ï»ÕÇó, áñï»ÕÇó ÝáõÛÝ³ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ë»é³Ï³Ý ³½³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ ¿ Ý»ñÙáõÍíáõÙ, »ë ß³ï ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñ »Ù ï»ëÝáõÙ ³Ûë ³é³ëå»ÉáõÙ: Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÁ ß³ï ³í»ÉÇ ¹ÇÝ³ÙÇÏ ¿, ù³Ý ¹ñ³ Éñ³ïí³ÙÇçáó³ÛÇÝ å³ïÏ»ñÝ ¿ ÃíáõÙ: ²Û¹ ¹»åùáõÙ Ù»Ýù å»ïù ¿ Ñ³ñóÝ»Ýù` áñÝ ¿ ¼ÈØ-Ý»ñÇ, Ï³Ù ÑÝ³ñ³íáñ ¿, ¼ÈØ-Ý»ñÇ ë»÷³Ï³Ý³ï»ñ»ñÇ Ý»ñ¹ñáõÙÁ ³ÛÝåÇëÇ ïå³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ëï»ÕÍ»Éáõ, Ã» »ñÏÇñÁ ÙÇ ûñÇÝ³Ï, ë»ùëÇó ½áõñÏ Ñ³ñÃáõÃÛáõÝ ¿, áñ Ï³ñÇù áõÝÇ ³ñ¨ÙáõïùÇó µ»ñí³Í ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý: âÝ³Û³Í Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ Éñ³ïí³ÙÇçáóÝ»ñÇ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ù»Í³Ù³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ó³ÝÏ³ÝáõÙ ¿ ï»ëÝ»É Ñ³Ï³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝ §³ÝµÇÍ ÁÝï³ÝÇùÇ¦ ¨ §ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý¦ ÙÇç¨, áñå»ë áõëáõÙÝ³ëÇñáÕ »ë ·Çï»Ù, áñ ë³ ³ÝÑÝ³ñ ¿: ì»ñ³ñï³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ³½·³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÑÇÙÝí³Í »Ý ë»é³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý íñ³: ºí ë»é³Ï³Ý ÷áñÓÇ ÷á÷áËáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ å³ñï³¹Çñ ã¿, áñ ÏáñÍ³Ý»Ý ÁÝï³ÝÇùÁ: Â³Ù³ñ ÞÇñÇÝÛ³Ý

some people who have told me that it is a disgrace for women to have sexual experiences before marriage. Many people also seem sympathetic to girls who could have been raped before marriage and say that this would not be her fault. I am not claiming that most Armenians fully embrace any form of sexual liberation, but my point here is that the idea that sexuality is something brought in from Europe or the United States is a myth. As someone who travels from the supposed site where homosexuality and sexual liberation are imported, I see many problems with this myth. Armenia is much more dynamic than the media representations of it seem. We must ask then, what is the media’s – or perhaps media’s owners’ – investment in making the country seem like a flat, sexless plane that needs the West to bring in sexuality? While mainstream media in Armenia would like to see an opposition between the “pure family” and “sexuality,” as a researcher I know this is impossible. Reproduction and kinship are based on sexuality. And changes in sexual practices do not necessarily destroy the family. Tamar Shirinyan

³Ýó³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ past events

§ºë ¨ ¹áõ Ï³ñáÕ »Ýù ÷áË»É Ù»ñ í³ÕÁ¦

§Ø³ñïÇ 8-Ý ³Ù»Ý ûñ. Ù³ñïÇ 8-Çó ³åñÇÉÇ 7¦ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ ß³ñùÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ §Î³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë³ÛÇÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝ¦ ÐÎ-Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»É ¿ñ ÙÇ ß³ñù Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ µ³óûÃÛ³ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ, ÏÇÝá¹ÇïáõÙÝ»ñ, Ñ³Ý¹ÇåáõÙÝ»ñ, ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÝ»ñ` ÝíÇñí³Í Ï³Ý³Ýó Ù»Ï³ÙëÛ³ÏÇÝ: ØÇçáó³éÙÝ»ñÇ Ýå³ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ í»ñÑ³Ý»É Ù»ñ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ ³éÏ³ Ï³Ý³Ýó ËÝ¹ÇñÝ»ñÁ, ÑÝã»ÕáõÃÛáõÝ ï³É ¹ñ³Ýó ¨

Me and you can change our tomorrow

In the framework of “March 8th Every Day: from March 8 to April 7” campaign the “Women’s Resource Center” NGO organized a number of interesting outdoor activities, movie screenings, meetings, conferences dedicated to Women’s Month. The aim of activities was to reveal and point out the existing problems of women, as well as rebel against unjustified “must not”s defined by the society.

§ÁÝ¹í½»É¦ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý ÏáÕÙÇó ë³ÑÙ³Ýí³Í ³ÝÑÇÙÝ «ãÇ Ï³ñ»ÉÇÝ»ñÇ» ¹»Ù: ²Ûëå»ë` ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù»ÏÝ³ñÏÁ ïñí»ó Ù³ñïÇ 8-ÇÝ ²í. Æë³Ñ³ÏÛ³ÝÇ ³ñÓ³ÝÇ Ùáï` ´»Ù³Ï³Ý³óí³Í ù³ÛÉ»ñÃáí: ²ÛÝ áõÕ»Ïóí»ó §µ»éÝí³Í ÏÝáç ·ÝáõÙÝ»ñ-ïÝ³ñ³ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ¦ µ»Ù³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ùµ Þ. ²½Ý³íáõñÇ Ññ³å³ñ³ÏáõÙ ¨ §ÎÝáç ³½³ï³·ñáõÙ¦ ³ÏóÇ³Ûáí Ð³Ýñ³å»ïáõÃÛ³Ý Ññ³å³ñ³ÏáõÙ: Ø»Ï ³ÛÉ Ñ»ï³ùñùÇñ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙ ¿ñ §Ð³ÕÃ³Ñ³ñ»Éáí ·Çß»ñÁ¦ ³ÏóÇ³Ý: Ø³ñïÇ 11-ÇÝ 21:00-Çó ëÏë³Í` ÈáõÝ³ å³ñÏÇÝ, ì»ñÝÇë³ÅÇÝ Ñ³ñáÕ ï³ñ³ÍùÝ»ñáõÙ, ·»ïÝ³ÝóáõÙÝ»ñáõÙ ¨ ºñ¨³ÝÇ µáÉáñ Ñ³Ù³ÛÝùÝ»ñÇ ³ÛÝ í³Ûñ»ñáõÙ, áõñ ëáíáñ³µ³ñ Ï³Ý³Ûù í³Ë»ÝáõÙ »Ý ÙÇ³ÛÝ³Ï ù³ÛÉ»É ·Çß»ñáí` ÙÇ³ÛÝ ÏÇÝ Ù³ëÝ³ÏÇóÝ»ñÁ ÙÇ³ëÇÝ ù³ÛÉ»óÇÝ` Ñ³ÕÃ³Ñ³ñ»Éáí ·Çß»ñÁ ¨ Çñ»Ýó í³Ë»ñÁ: §ÀÝïñáõÃÛ³Ùµ Ï³Ù å³ï³Ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ùµ¦ ýÇÉÙÇ óáõó³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ, §Ø³ñ¹áõ Çñ³íáõÝù-Ý»ñÇ Ù³ñï³Ññ³í»ñ¦ ùÝÝ³ñÏáõÙÁ, §²ÙáõëÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÇÝëïÇïáõïÁ Ñ³Û Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ù»ç¦ ÏáÝý»ñ³ÝëÁ ¨ §¶ñ³íÇñ ³é³çÇÝ ï»ÕÁ¦ ³ÏóÇ³Ý ³ÙµáÕç³óÝáõÙ »Ý ³Û¹ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ ó³ÝÏÁ: ì»ñçÇÝë ³ÏóÇ³ ¿ñ ù³Õ³ù³ÛÇÝ ïñ³ÝëåáñïáõÙ. ³ÙµáÕç ûñí³ ÁÝÃ³óùáõÙ Ï³Ý³Ûù, §Ïáïñ»Éáí¦ Ù»Ï ³ÛÉ §ãÇ Ï³ñ»ÉÇ¦, ÝëïáõÙ ¿ÇÝ »ñÃáõÕ³ÛÇÝÇ ³é³çÇÝ ï»ÕáõÙ` í³ñáñ¹Ç ÏáÕùÇÝ:

Thus, the events start was launched by Performance March from Av. Isahakyan statute on March 8. It was accompanied with the performance illustrating “loaded women routine: shopping-housekeeping, and public attitude to it” at Ch. Aznavour square, and “Women liberation” action at Republic square. “Conquering the Night” action was another exciting event. On March 11, since 21:00 only women participants marched to fight the night and their fears in Luna Park, Vernisazh adjacent areas, underground passage-ways and other places of Yerevan communities where women are usually afraid to walk alone at night. “By Choice or Chance” film screening, “Human Rights Challenges” discussion, “The Institute of Marriage within Armenian Society” conference and “Occupy First Place” action compete the event list. The latter was an action in public transport: whole day long women take first seat of public transport, next to the driver, by that “breaking” another “must not” .

³Ýó³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ past events

²ñí»ëï Ï³Ý³Ýó á·»ßÝãÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ

§²ñí»ëï Ï³Ý³Ýó á·»ßÝãÙ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ¦ ³Ù»Ý³ÙÛ³ ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏáõÙ` §Î³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë³ÛÇÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝ¦ ÐÎ-Ý §¸Á êÏÇ¾Ý»ñÇ¦-Ç Ñ»ï Ñ³Ù³ï»Õ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝ»É ¿ñ ýáïáóáõó³Ñ³Ý¹»ë ¨ áõñáõÛÝ µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ »ñ»Ïá úáõÉë ëñ×³ñ³ÝáõÙ: ØÇçáó³éáõÙÁ ï»ÕÇ áõÝ»ó³í ³åñÇÉÇ 7-ÇÝ` Ø³ÛñáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ ·»Õ»óÏáõÃÛ³Ý ïáÝÇ ßñç³Ý³ÏÝ»ñáõÙ ¨ Ç ³Ù÷á÷áõÙÝ §Ø³ñïÇ 8-Ý ³Ù»Ý ûñ¦ Ï³Ý³Ýó Ù»Ï³ÙëÛ³ÏÇÝ ÝíÇñí³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñÇ:

Art for women’s empowerment

In the framework of the annual event “Art for Women’s Empowerment” “Women’s Resource Center “ NGO in collaboration with “THE SCreENERY” initiated a photo exhibition and a unique poetry night at Owl’s cafe. The event took place on April 7, on Motherhood and Beauty Day, and summarized “March 8th Every Day” women’s month campaign. Exhibition was titled “For what you are fighting for?”

üáïáóáõó³Ñ³Ý¹»ëÁ ÏñáõÙ ¿ñ §ÆëÏ ¹áõ ÇÝãÇ± Ñ³Ù³ñ »ë å³Ûù³ñáõÙ¦ Ëáñ³·ÇñÁ: Èáõë³ÝÏ³ñÝ»ñÇ Ñ»ÕÇÝ³ÏÝ»ñÁ ÎèÎ ³ÏïÇíÇëïÝ»ñÝ áõ ³ßË³ñÑÇ ï³ñµ»ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñÇó Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛ³ÝÁ ÙÇ³ó³Í ³ÝÑ³ïÝ»ñÝ ¿ÇÝ: ¸ñ³Ýù ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïáõÙ ¿ÇÝ Ï³Ý³Ýó á·»ßÝãÙ³ÝÝ áõÕÕí³Í Ñ³Õáñ¹³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ, ÇÝãå»ë Ý³¨ Ùï³Ñá·áõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝáõÙ Ï³Ý³Ýó ï»ÕÇ ¨ ¹»ñÇ, Ýñ³Ýó ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý í»ñ³µ»ñ³É: üáïáóáõó³Ñ³Ý¹»ëÇÝ ½áõ·³Ñ»é Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåí»É ¿ñ §³½³ï µ³ñÓñ³Ëáë¦ Ý³Ë³Ó»éÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, áñÇ ÁÝÃ³óùáõÙ Ý»ñÏ³Ý»ñÁ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óñ»óÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ëï»ÕÍ³·áñÍáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ` µ³Ý³ëï»ÕÍáõÃÛ³Ý, ³ñÓ³ÏÇ, »ñ·Ç, å³ñÇ ¨ ³ÛÉ ï»ëùáí:

Photo authors where WRC activists and persons, who joined the initiative from all around the world. They express women inspiration messages and concerns about women role and place in our society, as well as discrimination against them. Along with the photo exhibition, “open mic” initiative was organized, where attendees present their oeuvres-pieces of poetry, prose, song, dance etc.

³Ýó³Í ÙÇçáó³éáõÙÝ»ñ past events

ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñ 2013

Day of Silence 2013

Üí³ëï³óáõÙÝ»ñÁ, ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ ¨ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ ÐÐ ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ ²åñÇÉÇ 19-ÇÝ` §ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñí³¦ Ï³å³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ §Ð³Ýñ³ÛÇÝ ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ Ï³ñÇù¦ ÐÎ-Ý Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñå»É ¿ñ Ù³ÙáõÉÇ ³ëáõÉÇëùÝÝ³ñÏáõÙ ÐÐ ÏñÃ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ Ýí³ëï³óáõÙÝ»ñÇ, ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ ¨ µéÝáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: Î³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³Ï³ñ·áÕ, ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ³ßË³ïáÕ Üí³ñ¹ Ø³ñ·³ñÛ³ÝÁ Ýß»ó, áñ §²ßË³ñÑÇ ï³ñµ»ñ »ñÏñÝ»ñáõÙ` ëÏë³Í 1996Ã-Çó, ³åñÇÉÇ »ññáñ¹ áõñµ³ÃÁ ÝßíáõÙ ¿ áñå»ë ÉéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñ: ÈéáõÃÛ³Ý ûñí³ ÑÇÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ýå³ï³ÏÁ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ È¶´î (É»ëµáõÑÇ, ·»Û, µÇë»ùëáõ³É, ïñ³Ýë·»Ý¹»ñ) ³ÝÓ³Ýó ¨ ³ÛÉ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý ËÙµ»ñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ Ëïñ³Ï³Ý ¨ ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÇ íñ³ Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý áõß³¹ñáõÃÛ³Ý ë¨»éáõÙÝ ¿: ²í»ÉÇÝ, ³Ûë ûñÁ ÙÇïí³Í ¿ ÝÙ³ÝûñÇÝ³Ï »ñ¨áõÛÃÝ»ñÁ í»ñ³óÝ»ÉáõÝ áõ Ï³ÝË³ñ·»É»ÉáõÝ, áñå»ë½Ç áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ ¹³éÝ³Ý ³é³í»É ³å³Ñáí µáÉáñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ` ³ÝÏ³Ë ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÇ ¨ áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇ ë»éÇó, ë»é³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÝáñáßáõÙÇó, ·»Ý¹»ñ³ÛÇÝ ÇÝùÝáõÃÛáõÝÇó, ¿ÃÝÇÏ å³ïÏ³Ý»ÉáõÃÛáõÝÇó, ÏñáÝÇó, ³ñï³ùÇÝ ïíÛ³ÉÝ»ñÇó ¨ ëáóÇ³É³Ï³Ý áõ ³ÝÓÝ³ÛÇÝ ³ÛÉ Ñ³ïÏ³ÝÇßÝ»ñÇó¦: ²ÛÝáõÑ»ï Ý³ Ý»ñÏ³Û³óñ»ó ³ÛÝ ¹»åù»ñÁ, ³ÝÓÝ³Ï³Ý å³ïÙáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ, áñáÝù Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛ³Ý ³ßË³ï³ÏÇóÝ»ñÁ Ñ³í³ù³·ñ»É ¿ÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ³Ù»ÝûñÛ³ ³ßË³ï³ÝùÇ ÁÝÃ³óùáõÙ: Ðá·»µ³Ý-Ã»ñ³å¨ï Ü³ñÇÝ» Ðáí³ÏÇÙÛ³ÝÇ Ï³ñÍÇùáí §·áÛáõÃÛáõÝ áõÝÇ Ï³ñÍñ³ïÇå, áñ áõëáõÙÝ³Ï³Ý Ñ³ëï³ïáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñáõÙ Ýí³ëï³óáõÙÝ»ñÇ, µéÝáõÃÛ³Ý ½áÑ Ï³ñáÕ »Ý ¹³éÝ³É ÙÇ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹ÇÏ, áíù»ñ áõÝ»Ý ³ÏÝ³éáõ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝ-

Bullying, degrading treatment and violence in educational institutions of Armenia

On April 19, on the occasion of “Day of Silence” “Public Information and Need of Knowledge” NGO held a press conference on bullying, degrading treatment and violence in RA educational institutions. The project coordinator of the organization, social worker Nvard Margaryan mentioned: “In various countries of the world, starting from 1996, the third Friday of April is celebrated as The Day of Silence. The main purpose of The Day of Silence is to focus public attention on discrimination and degrading treatment against LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) people and other social groups throughout educational institutions. Moreover, this day is meant to eliminate and prevent such phenomena in an effort to establish safer educational institutions for everyone, regardless of students’ sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, ethnic origins, religion, appearance, social and other personal characteristics”. Then she presented cases, personal stories, which were collected during daily work time by the organization’s staff. In the opinion of psychologist-therapist Narine Hovakimyan: “there is a stereotype

Ý»ñ ïíÛ³É Ñ³ë³ñ³ÏáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù»Ù³ï: ê³Ï³ÛÝ ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ Ï³ñáÕ ¿ ¹ñë¨áñí»É Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñÇ ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ, áã Ù»Ï ³å³Ñáí³·ñí³Í ã¿ ë³¹ñ³ÝùÇ ½áÑ ¹³éÝ³Éáõó»: §Î³Ý³Ýó é»ëáõñë³ÛÇÝ Ï»ÝïñáÝ¦ ÐÎ-Ç Ñá·»µ³Ý ¾ÉíÇñ³ Ø»ÉÇùë»ÃÛ³ÝÝ ¿É Ñ³í»É»ó, Ã» ÇÝãå»ë Ï³ñ»ÉÇ ¿ Ñ³ÕÃ³Ñ³ñ»É ³ñÅ³Ý³å³ïíáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ýë»Ù³óÝáÕ í»ñ³µ»ñÙáõÝùÁ: §Ü³Ë¨³é³ç å»ïù ¿ ÑÇß»É, áñ Ûáõñ³ù³ÝãÛáõñ áù áõÝÇ ßñç³å³ïáõÙ Ñ³ñ·í³Í ÉÇÝ»Éáõ, ³½ÝÇí í»ñµ»ñÙáõÝùÇ, ³å³ÑáíáõÃÛ³Ý ½·³óÙ³Ý Çñ³íáõÝù: ºñ»Ë³Ý Ï³ñáÕ ¿ û·ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ËÝ¹ñ»É íëï³Ñ»ÉÇ Ù»Í³Ñ³ë³ÏÇó, ³ÝÑñ³Å»ßï ¿ ÙÇ³ÛÝ »ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ Ñ³ëÏ³óÝ»É, áñ Ù»Í³Ñ³ë³ÏÝ»ñÇó û·ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ËÝ¹ñ»ÉÝ ³ÙáÃ ã¿, ÷áñÓ»É å³ñ½³µ³Ý»É «ËÝ¹ÇñÝ» ³·ñ»ëáñÇ Ñ»ï: ²Ýï³ñµ»ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ »ñµ»ÙÝ ³Ù»ÝÇó áõÅ»Õ ½»ÝùÝ ¿¦: ì»ñçáõÙ ËáëÝ³ÏÝ»ñÁ Ñ³í»É»óÇÝ, áñ ³åñÇÉÇ 19-ÇÝ Ýñ³Ýù Éé»Éáõ »Ý µáÉáñ ³ÛÝ Ù³ñ¹Ï³Ýó Ñ³Ù³ñ, áíù»ñ ÑÝ³ñ³íáñáõÃÛáõÝ ãáõÝ»Ý Ëáë»Éáõ Çñ»Ýó ÝÏ³ïÙ³Ùµ ÏÇñ³éí³Í Ëïñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¹ñë¨áñáõÙÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ:

that only people, who have significant differences compared to general society can be subjected to bullying and become victims of violence. But anyone can be bullied; no one is safe from becoming a victim of provocations”. The psychologist of “Women’s Resource Center” Elvira Meliksetyan added on how to overcome degrading treatment. “First of all we must remember that everyone has the right to be respected in milieu, a right of fair treatment, a right to feel safe. A child can ask for help from a trusted adult, it is necessary to make children understand, that it is not a shame to ask for help, to try to make things clear about the “problem” with aggressor. Sometimes indifference is the most powerful weapon”. In the end speakers added, that on April 19 they will keep silence for those, who don’t have the opportunity to speak up about the manifestations of discrimination against them.

ØÆ ° Ð²Ü¸àôðÄÆð ´èÜàôÂÚàôÜÀ

§ÆÝãå»ë ¹áõ¦ å³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÇó ÝÛáõÃ»ñ û·ï³·áñÍ»Éáõ ¹»åùáõÙ ÑÕáõÙÁ å³ñï³¹Çñ ¿ Materials taken from "As you" magazine need to be referenced ä³ñµ»ñ³Ï³ÝÁ ³ÝÏ³Ë ï»Õ»Ï³ïí³Ï³Ý ³ÕµÛáõñ ¿, Ññ³ï³ñ³ÏíáõÙ ¿ §Ð³Ýñ³ÛÇÝ ï»Õ»Ï³ïíáõÃÛáõÝ ¨ ·Çï»ÉÇùÇ Ï³ñÇù¦ ÐÎ-Ç, ·áñÍÁÝÏ»ñ Ï³½Ù³Ï»ñåáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³ÏïÇíÇëïÝ»ñÇ ç³Ýù»ñáí Üáñí»·Ç³ÛÇ ²ñï³ùÇÝ ·áñÍ»ñÇ Ý³Ë³ñ³ñáõÃÛ³Ý ýÇÝ³Ýë³Ï³Ý ³ç³ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ: The magazine is an independent information source published by efforts of Public Information and Need of Knowledge NGO, partner organizations and activists, by financial support of Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

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²ßË³ï³Ýù³ÛÇÝ ËáõÙµ` Ø³ñÇ³ ²µñ³Ñ³ÙÛ³Ý Üí³ñ¹ Ø³ñ·³ñÛ³Ý ÈÇÉÇÃ ê³ñ·ëÛ³Ý ê¨³Ï ÎÇñ³ÏáëÛ³Ý Â³Ù³ñ ÞÇñÇÝÛ³Ý ²ñÙ»ÝáõÑÇ ²Ý³ÝÛ³Ý ²ÝÝ³ ¶á·ãÛ³Ý

Working group: ÈáõëÇÝ» Ô³½³ñÛ³Ý Î³Ùá ¸³íÃÛ³Ý Ø³Ý» äáÕáëÛ³Ý Ø³ÙÇÏáÝ Ðáíë»÷Û³Ý ²ñïáõß èáõß³ÝÛ³Ý ì³ñ¹áõÑÇ Ø»ÉùáÝÛ³Ý ¾çÙÇÝ Þ³Ñµ³½Û³Ý

Maria Abrahamyan Nvard Margaryan Lilit Sargsyan Sevak Kirakosyan Tamar Shirinian Armenuhi Ananyan Anna Gogchyan

Ñ»é./tel. +374 60 377277 email: editor@pinkarmenia.org

Lusine Ghazaryan Kamo Davtyan Mane Poghosyan Mamikon Hovsepyan Artush Rushanyan Varduhi Melkonyan Ejmin Shahbazyan

asyou.pinkarmenia.org

²åñÇÉ, 2013Ã. April, 2013