Machine Learning Applied to Building Information Models
2. DATA IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY Digital development is a concept that has existed for many years in the construction industry. With the development of digital technologies, the speed of digitalization accelerated during the last few years. With the growth of the project sizes, increasing accessibility of technological devices, supporting standardization and legal backgrounds, and the possibility to involve and benefit all the stakeholders, the stage of digitalization became closer. Building Information Modelling (BIM) became a significant component of the digital evolution process with the various software and technologies connected to it (Wyman, 2018). However, Data can be considered as a principal constituent of the digitalisation process. Within the recent developments in the AEC industry, a large amount of data became available. Compared to traditional data transferring and storage techniques, the modern digital data types can be more reliable and suitable for further development of the projector processes. After the proper data collection and engineering processes, the data can be beneficial and have considerable impacts on digital development in the AEC industry. 2.1.
Construction 4.0
The general concept of Industry 4.0 is based on the idea of the Digital Revolution, where the main objective is the connection between people and technology. The Digital Revolution process involves many disciplines, including construction, and in that context, it can be identified as the involvement of Information Technology in construction, manufacturing, fabrication and other operations related to the industry (Alaloul et al., 2020). Nevertheless, despite the apparent benefits of digitalisation, the construction industry still falls behind in adopting Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0).
Figure 2 – Themes of Construction 4.0.: Construction 4.0 – Innovation Platform (Adapted from (Vandegrift, 2020)) The technologies in the construction industry have different maturity levels based on IR 4.0 concept. "Technologies such as BIM, Cloud Computing, and Modularisation have developed significantly while other technologies such as Augmented, Virtual and Mixed Reality are still being enhanced and somehow influence the sustainability in the industry" (Alaloul et al., 2020). Construction 4.0 is a sub-domain of Industry 4.0 that benefits from the progress and general concepts of IR 4.0 in the construction industry (Forcael et al., 2020). Even though researchers started to use the terms Construction and Industry 4.0 together starting from 2014, Construction 4.0 (C 4.0) as a term was Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degree Programme – ERASMUS+ European Master in Building Information Modelling BIM A+
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