.JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P 'JMM "EPQUJV EF 5PSSFOU
"KVOUBNFOU EF 5PSSFOU "MDBMEFTTB .BSrB +PTn $BUBMh 7FSEFU %FMFHBEB EF #*. J 1VCMJDBDJPOT .VOJDJQBMT "NQBSP 'PMHBEP 5POEB %JSFDDJw "OB $PSPOBEP (BWJMgO %JTTFOZ J NBRVFUBDJw &VHFOJP 4JNw .VvP[ *NQSFTTJw (Sh¯RVFT 3PZBOFT &ORVBEFSOBDJw "SQF "KVOUBNFOU EF 5PSSFOU #*. J 1VCMJDBDJPOT .VOJDJQBMT $PM²MFDDJw (FOU EF 5PSSFOU +VMJPM
.JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P 'JMM "EPQUJV EF 5PSSFOU
5PSSFOU EF KVMJPM EF (FOU EF 5PSSFOU
ยบOEFY
/PNFOBNFOU EF 'JMM "EPQUJV EF 5PSSFOU EFM 4S .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P 1MF EF Mª EF KVMJPM %PO .JHVFM NPMUFT HShDJFT . +PTn $BUBMh 7FSEFU "MDBMEFTTB EF 5PSSFOU -ª"KVOUBNFOU OPNFOB .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P 'JMM "EPQUJV EF 5PSSFOU .JHVFM -MVDI VOB WJEB BQBTJPOBOUF "SUVSP (BSDrB 1BSSPRVJB EF -B "TVODJwO &OUSFWJTUB B EPO .JHVFM -MVDI FO FM EFTQBDIP EF TV QBSSPRVJB 1FRVFvPT SFDVFSEPT EF NJ QSJNP .JHVFM -MVDI 7JDFOUF $FSF[P 1gSSPDP EF 'PJPT 6OB UBSFB IFDIB EFTEF MB IVNJMEBE Z MB FOUSFHB "HVTUrO "MDBZEF "SDJQSFTUF EF 5PSSFOU § 1FSP QBSB JS BM DJFMP IBDFO GBMUB UBOUBT SFVOJPOFT Z QSPHSBNBDJPOFT Z SFWJTJPOFT ¨ +PTn -VJT -wQF[ 1gSSPDP EF /VFTUSB 4SB EF -B 4BMFUB "MEBJB %PO .JHVFM BTVNJw NVDIP NgT USBCBKP QBSB TPMVDJPOBS VO QSPCMFNB EFM $FNFOUFSJP 1BSSPRVJBM "MGPOTP *CgvF[ 1gSSPDP EF /VFTUSB 4SB EF .POUTFSSBU EF 1JDBOZB %PO .JHVFM -MVDI TBDFSEPUF "SUVSP 3PT 1gSSPDP EF 3FRVFOB §&M 4FvPS IB FTUBEP HSBOEF DPO OPTPUSPT ¨ +BWJFS (SBOEF #BMMFTUFSPT 3FDUPS EFM 4FNJOBSJP .FOPS EF 9hUJWB 4FNCMBO[B EF VO BNJHP +FT|T (JSwO *[RVJFSEP 1gSSPDP EF -B "TVODJwO -B USPCBMMB J FM SFUPSO EF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM "ESJh #FTw %FQBSUBNFOU Eª)JTUxSJB EF Mª"SU 6OJWFSTJUBU EF 7BMoODJB -B DPOTFSWBDJw EFM 1BUSJNPOJ $VMUVSBM VO EFVSF BDPNQMJU "ESJh #FTw %FQBSUBNFOU Eª)JTUxSJB EF Mª"SU 6OJWFSTJUBU EF 7BMoODJB %PO .JHVFM Z FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP #FOJUP /FNFTJP 1SFTJEFOUF EFM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU §&TUBNPT BMFHSFT FM 4FvPS IB FTUBEP HSBOEF DPO OPTPUSPT ¨ &OSJRVF 3PT 7JDF QSFTJEFOUF EFM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU 2Vn IB TJHOJ¯DBEP EPO .JHVFM -MVDI QBSB $PNJTJwO "SDJQSFTUBM EF *ONJHSBOUFT 4BMWBEPS 1VDIPM $PNJTJwO "SDJQSFTUBM EF *ONJHSBOUFT &M QBQFM NgT JNQPSUBOUF Z NFOPT DPOPDJEP EF EPO .JHVFM IB TJEP DPO MPT NgT OFDFTJUBEPT +VBOB .BSJ 3VJ[ Z -BVSB 'POUFTUBE $gSJUBT EF -B "TVODJwO -B MJNQJF[B EF MB *HMFTJB MB "TVODJwO 4FNCMBO[B EF %PO .JHVFM "SUVSP (BSDrB (JM
/PNFOBNFOU EF 'JMM "EPQUJV EF 5PSSFOU EFM 4S .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P
&O FM 1MF EF Mª EF KVMJPM EF FT EwOB DPNQUF EF MB QSPQPTUB EFMT QPSUBWFVT EFMT HSVQT QPMrUJDT NVOJDJQBMT TPCSF OPNFOBNFOU EF 'JMM "EPQUJV EF 5PSSFOU EFM 4S .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P §5PUT DPOFJYFN MB USBKFDUxSJB EFM 4S .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P DPN B SFDUPS EF MªFTHMnTJB EF Mª"TTVNQDJw EFT EF GB NnT BOZT EFMT RVF NPMUT QPEFN SFDPSEBS -B SFMJHJPTJUBU MB WPDBDJw EF TFSWJDJ J MB DBQBDJUBU QFS B EFEJDBS MB TFVB BUFODJw OP TPMT BMT GFMJHSFTPT TJOw UBNCn B UPUT BRVFMMT RVF TªBDPTUFO B EFNBOBS MJ BKVEB DPOTFMM P DPOTPM FTUBO GPSB EF RVBMTFWPM EVCUF J TwO Q|CMJRVFT J OPUxSJFT 5PU J OP TFS OBUVSBM EF 5PSSFOU FODBSB RVF Tr EªVO NVOJDJQJ QSxYJN FM TFV BGFDUF BNPS J BGBOZ QFS FTUB UFSSB EªBEPQDJw TªIBO EFNPTUSBU EJB B EJB NFT B NFT J BOZ B BOZ ¯OT BM QVOU RVF MB TFVB MBCPS nT EJGrDJMNFOU JHOPSBEB QFS DBQ WFr J FM GB NFSFJYFEPS EF RVBMTFWPM EJTUJODJw RVF QVHB BUPSHBS TF MJ FO SFDPOFJYFNFOU BMT TFVT NoSJUT cT QFS BJYx RVF FO DPNQMJNFOU EFM RVF QSFWFV FM 3FHMBNFOU &TQFDJBM Eª)POPST J %JTUJODJPOT EªFTUF NVOJDJQJ J NnT DPODSF UBNFOU EFM RVF EJTQPTFO FMT BSUJDMFT J FT QSPQPTB BM 1MF EF Mª"KVOUBNFOU TJ QFSUPDB MªBEPQDJw EF MªBDPSE TFH FOU 1SPQPTBS FM OPNFOBNFOU EFM 4S .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P SFDUPS EF MªFTHMnTJB EF Mª"TTVNQDJw DPN B 'JMM "EPQUJV EF 5PSSFOU KB RVF FO MB TFVB QFSTPOB DPODPSSFO FMT NoSJUT TV¯DJFOUT QFS B PCUJOESF FTUB EJTUJODJw ¨ &M 1MF FO WPUBDJw PSEJOhSJB J QFS VOBOJNJUBU BDPSEB BQSPWBS MB QSPQPTUB USBOTDSJUB
Ú
%PO .JHVFM NPMUFT HShDJFT . +PTn $BUBMh 7FSEFU "MDBMEFTTB EF 5PSSFOU
.O .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P NnT DPOFHVU QFS UPUB MB OPTUSB DJVUBU DPN % .JHVFM SFQSFTFOUB B MB QFSGFDDJw BMMx RVF FYQSFTTB FM 5BMNVE VO EFMT QFOTBNFOUT NnT CFMMT RVF QPEFN MMFHJS FYQSFTTBS J TFOUJS 2VJ TBMWB VOB WJEB TBMWB FM NwO TFODFS 4UFWFO 4QJFMCFSH ¯OBMJU[B -B MMJTUB EF 4DIJOEMFS BNC FTUB NFSBWFMMB RVBO FM TFV QSPUBHPOJTUB 0TDBS 4DIJOEMFS SFQ VO BOFMM BNC FJYFT NBUFJYFT QBSBVMFT FO SFDPOFJYFNFOU QFS UPU FM RVF IBWJB GFU QFMT KVFVT FONJH EF MªFYUFSNJOJ EVU B UFSNF QFMT OB[JT -B JNBUHF nT DPSQSFOFEPSB EFTFOFT EF KVFVT EF UPUFT MFT FEBUT MªBCSJHVFO QFS B NPTUSBS MJ MB TFVB HSBUJUVE JO¯OJUB QFSRVo FMT IB QPTTJCJMJUBU RVF DPOUJOVBSFO WJWJOU (FOFSBDJPOT TFODFSFT WJVSBO QFM RVF IB GFU MJ EJV FM TFV DPM²MBCPSBEPS J BNJD 4UFSO 1PEFN USPCBS SFT UBO FYUSBPSEJOBSJ J QPEFSwT DPN EPOBS J QPTTJCJMJUBS MB WJEB B HFOFSBDJPOT TFODFSFT 1SFDJTBNFOU % .JHVFM Un FM EP EF TFOUJS FJYF QPEFS J IP IB EFNPTUSBU BOZ SFSF BOZ B MB RVF KB nT MB TFVB DJVUBU 5PSSFOU 1FS TPSU FO MB OPTUSB WJEB TFOTF QBUJS TJUVBDJPOT UBO ESBNhUJRVFT DPN MB 4FHPOB (VFSSB .VOEJBM J UPUFT MFT TFVFT DPOTFR oODJFT DPOFJYFN QFSTPOFT FYUSBPSEJOhSJFT RVF UPU BMMx RVF GBO JNQMJDB VOB NJMMPSB FO MB WJEB EªBMUSFT EFT EF MB TFVB BCOFHBDJw J EFT EªVO DPOWFODJNFOU SBEJDBM RVF OP FTUh B MªBCBTU EF UPUT +B OP TwD NFV TJOw EFMT BMUSFT .O .JHVFM nT QFS UBOU EªFTUB DMBTTF EF QFSTPOFT (FOFSBDJPOT TFODFSFT IBO DPOFHVU FM TFV BGFDUF FM TFV TFSWJDJ MB TFVB TBWJFTB J TFNQSF EFT EªVO FYFNQMF EªIVNJMJUBU J TFO[JMMFTB BNC QBT QBVTBU USBORVJM QFSx DPOTUBOU %FT EªBRVFMM EªPDUVCSF EF RVBO BSSJCh B MB OPTUSB DJVUBU J EFTQSnT EF QBTTBS EPU[F BOZT B Mª"SHFOUJOB FO TJUVBDJPOT
MrNJU WB JOJDJBS VOB MBCPS JNNFOTB EªBQPTUPMBU J BKVEB -B TFVB TFOTJCJMJUBU J DBSJUBU USBTQBTTB UPUFT MFT FEBUT J QSPCMFNhUJRVFT TPDJBMT 5BOU nT BJYr RVF MB TFVB MBCPS BNC JNNJHSBOUT IB DPNQPSUBU RVF 5PSSFOU TJHB MB DJVUBU QJPOFSB FO BDPMMJEB J TVQPSU EF QFSTPOFT EªBMUSFT QBuTPT J TFOTJCJMJUBUT /P PCTUBOU BJYx OP TPMT TªIB DFOUSBU FO MB TFVB QBSSxRVJB TJOw RVF IB JNQVMTBU VOB DPPSEJOBDJw EF UPUB MB MBCPS TPDJBM RVF FT SFBMJU[B B 5PSSFOU % .JHVFM FOT EFJYB QFSx FTUB TFNQSF TFSh TB DBTB VOB DBTB RVF FTUh FUFSOBNFOU BHSBuEB QFS UPU BMMx RVF IB QSPKFDUBU J IB QPTTJCJMJUBU &OT EFJYB Tr QFSx MB TFVB PCSB MB TFVB JO°VoODJB J QSFToODJB FTUBSBO TFNQSF FOUSF OPTBMUSFT -FT PCSFT TwO FMT TFOZBMT EF MªFUFSOJUBU %PO .JHVFM NPMUFT HShDJFT
-ª"KVOUBNFOU OPNFOB .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P 'JMM "EPQUJV EF 5PSSFOU
&T SFDPOFJY MB MBCPS TPMJEhSJB J DVMUVSBM RVF FM SFDUPS EF MB QBSSxRVJB EF Mª"TVNQDJw IB SFBMJU[BU EVSBOU USFOUB BOZT cT FM SFTQPOTBCMF EF MB VOJUBU EF Mª&THMnTJB $BUxMJDB B 5PSSFOU J EF MB MBCPS TPDJBM RVF EFT EªFMMB TªPGFSFJY BMT NnT EFTGBWPSJUT -ªBDUF P¯DJBM EF OPNFOBNFOU FT SFBMJU[B FM EF KVMJPM EF -ª"KVOUBNFOU BQSPWBWB Mª EF KVMJPM QFS VOBOJNJUBU EFM 1MF MB EFDMBSBDJw EF 'JMM "EPQUJV EF MB DJVUBU EF .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P QFS B SFDPOnJYFS MB MBCPS EªFTUF TBDFSEPU EF BOZT RVF IB QBTTBU FMT |MUJNT USFOUB EFEJDBU BMT WFuOT EF 5PSSFOU EFT EF MB QBSSxRVJB EF Mª"TVNQDJw %FTQSnT EF MªBQSPWBDJw SFBMJU[BEB FO FM 1MF 0SEJOBSJ MªBDUF P¯DJBM EF OPNFOBNFOU FT EV B UFSNF FM EJNFDSFT EF KVMJPM EF -B MBCPS BMUSVJTUB J EFTJOUFSFTTBEB EFM SFDUPS EF MB QBSSxRVJB EF Mª"TTVNQDJw DPNQSnO MªhNCJU TPDJBM DVMUVSBM SFMJHJwT J TPMJ EBSJ &OUSF MFT TFVFT BQPSUBDJPOT B MB DJVUBU EFTUBDB MªFTGPSm QFS MB SFDVQFSBDJw EFM QBUSJNPOJ DVMUVSBM J BSUrTUJD FO FTQFDJBM EF MB IJTUxSJDB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM EF MB RVBM IVJ QPEFO UPSOBS B EJTGSVUBS FMT UPSSFOUJOT WB USFCBMMBS QFS MB NPEFSOJU[BDJw EF MB DJVUBU J EF MFT JOGSBFTUSVDUVSFT EFM $FNFOUFSJ 1BSSPRVJBM BNC MB JOTUBM²MBDJw EªVO DSFNBUPSJ J EPT UBOBUPSJT .JRVFM -MVDI $FSF[P TªIB BCPDBU B SFDMBNBS FMT ESFUT EFMT UPSSFOUJOT B USBWnT EF MB SFOPWBDJw EFMT FTUBNFOUT TPDJBMT EF MB DJVUBU J B NJMMPSBS FM OJWFMM DVMUVSBM EFMT WFuOT QFS NJUKh EF MB QSP NPDJw EF DVSTPT FO Mª*OTUJUVU 4PDJBM 0CSFS cT UBNCn VO DBQEB WBOUFS EF MB QSPNPDJw JOUFHSBM EF MB EPOB QSPNPUPS EF MFT GFTUFT
QBUSPOBMT EF .PSPT J $SJTUJBOT WJODVMBEB BMT 4BOUT 1BUSPOBMT J EªFTQBJT EªPDJ QFS BMT KwWFOT (ShDJFT BM TFV USFCBMM BCOFHBU FO $BSJUBT QFS MB EJHOJUBU EF MFT QFSTPOFT FT WB DPOTUSVJS FM $FOUSF EF %JB Eª*NNJHSBOUT J FT WB QPTBS FO GVODJPOBNFOU MB $PNJTTJw Eª"KVEB B Mª*NNJHSBOU MB RVBM DPTB DPOWFSUr MB DJVUBU EF 5PSSFOU FO QJPOFSB FO BDPMMJEB J BUFODJw B QFSTPOFT FTUSBOHFSFT
.JHVFM -MVDI VOB WJEB BQBTJPOBOUF "SUVSP (BSDrB (JM 1BSSPRVJB EF -B "TVODJwO
6O EF BHPTUP FO FO "MCPSBJB OBDF .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P &T FM QSJNFSP EF DVBUSP IFSNBOPT $BSNFO "NQBSP Z +VBO 4V QBESF .JHVFM -MVDI RVF GVF P¯DJBM EF UPSOFSP FO VOB GgCSJDB EFM QVFCMP EFTUBDw QPS TV HSBO WPDBDJwO TJOEJDBMJTUB Z TVT QSPGVOEBT DPOWJDDJPOFT SFMJHJPTBT 1PS FMMP DVBOEP BM QPDP EF DPNFO[BS MB (VFSSB GVF EFUFOJEP QPS VO QJRVFUF SFWPMVDJPOBSJP Z UFNrB QPS TV WJEB VO HSVQP EF DPNVOJTUBT GVFSPO B SFTDBUBSMP Z MP TBMWBSPO EF VOB NVFSUF TFHVSB &M QSPQJP EPO .JHVFM SFDVFSEB DPO DBSJvP RVF VOB WF[ UFSNJOBEB MB (VFSSB QSFUFOEJFSPO RVF EFMBUBSB B MPT RVF MP EFUVWJFSPO Z RVJTJFSPO NBUBSMP QFSP nM TF OFHw B IBDFSMP MPT IBCrB QFSEPOBEP B UPEPT 4V NBESF $BSNFO $FSF[P GVF VOB NVKFS DPOTBHSBEB B MB GBNJMJB Z B TVT IJKPT Z DPO VOB HSBO SFMJHJP TJEBE Z BNPS QPS MB *HMFTJB RVF USBOTNJUJw B TVT IJKPT -B (VFSSB $JWJM Z TVT IPSSPSFT NBSDBO TV JOGBODJB -MFHBEP FM BvP WF DwNP FM EPMPS Z MB NJTFSJB QVFCMBO MBT DBMMFT Z MBT GB NJMJBT Z EFKBO VOB IVFMMB JOEFMFCMF FO FM OJvP .JHVFM cM NJTNP DVFOUB FM SFDVFSEP EF BRVFMMB UBSEF EF FO RVF ZFOEP KVOUP B TV QBESF BM QBTBS QPS MB JHMFTJB EF "MCPSBJB WF DwNP FYQVMTBO B MPT TBDFSEPUFT RVF TF WFO PCMJHBEPT B IVJS F JODFOEJBO FM UFN QMP QBSSPRVJBM &O FTF NPNFOUP TJO EVEBSMP Z BOUF MB NJSBEB BUwOJUB EF TV QBESF MF NBOJ¯FTUB TV JOUFODJwO EF TFS TBDFSEPUF § +P UBNCn WVMM TFS SFDUPS¨ MF EJSg NJFOUSBT nTUF JOUFOUB BQBSUBS MP EF MB BMHBSBEB DBMMFKFSB Z QSPUFHFSMP FO TV EPNJDJMJP GBNJMJBS 4JO EVEB FTB FYQFSJFODJB MF NBSDw KVOUP B MB QFSTFDVDJwO SF MJHJPTB RVF BOUFDFEJw B MB HVFSSB QPS MP RVF B MB FEBE EF PODF BvPT JOHSFTB FO FM 4FNJOBSJP .FOPS EF MB DBMMF "MCPSBJB FO FM BDUVBM $PMFHJP 1JP 9** 4V FUBQB FO FM .FOPS EPO .JHVFM MB SF
DVFSEB DPO PKPT EF OJvP QJMMP QVFT FO WBSJBT PDBTJPOFT MMBNB SPO B DBQrUVMP B .JHVFM Z B TVT QBESFT DPO MB BNFOB[B EF TFS FYQVMTBEP QPS MBT USBTUBEBT RVF DBVTBCB FO FM DFOUSP &T FO FM QSPQJP TFNJOBSJP DVBOEP SFDJCF MB OPUJDJB EF RVF TV NBESF IB GBMMFDJEP FO -BT QBMBCSBT RVF FM TBDFSEPUF MF EJDF DVBOEP TF MP DPNVOJDBO MP MMFOBO EF DPOTVFMP Z FTQFSBO[B § 5V NBESF OP UF BCBOEPOBSg OVODB Z UF QSPUFHFSg EFTEF FM DJFMP¨ QBMBCSBT RVF EPO .JHVFM HVBSEw DFMPTBNFOUF FO TV DPSB[wO "M DVNQMJS MB FEBE EFDJEF JOHSFTBS FO FM 4FNJOBSJP .FUSPQP MJUBOP EF MB 1VSrTJNB FO .PODBEB ¯OBMJ[BOEP TV GPSNBDJwO FO FM 3FBM $PMFHJP EFM $PSQVT $ISJTUJF FO MB 1MB[B EFM 1BUSJBSDB 'VF PSEFOBEP TBDFSEPUF FM KVOJP EF Z DFMFCSw TV QSJNFSB NJTB FO MB QBSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO EF "MCPSBJB 1PEFNPT EFDJS RVF MB GPSNBDJwO TBDFSEPUBM EF EPO .JHVFM FTUg NVZ JO°VJEB QPS MB EFWPDJwO B MB &VDBSJTUrB UBOUP QPS MB FUBQB FO FM $PMFHJP EFM 1BUSJBSDB GVOEBEP QPS 4BO +VBO EF 3JCFSB DPNP QPS MB USB EJDJwO EFM §.JSBDMF EFMT QFJYFUT¨ EF "MCPSBJB FO FM RVF VOPT QF DFT SFTDBUBSPO EF MBT BHVBT MBT GPSNBT RVF VO TBDFSEPUF MMFWBCB B VO FOGFSNP BOUFT EF NPSJS 4V QSJNFS EFTUJOP GVF FO MB QBSSPRVJB EF /VFTUSB 4FvPSB EF #FMnO EF /BWBMwO FO MB RVF FOUSw FM KVMJP 4V FTUBODJB FO FTUB QPCMBDJwO EF MB DPNBSDB EF MB $BOBM EF /BWBSSnT EFTUBDB QPS TV QPTJDJPOBNJFOUP BM MBEP EF MPT QBTUPSFT GSFOUF BM BCVTP EFM BZVOUBNJFOUP EF &OHVFSB QPS FM DBOPO RVF EFCrBO QBHBS QBSB QBTUPSFBS TVT SFCBvPT &M BZVOUBNJFOUP TBDBCB B DPODVSTP MB FYQMPUBDJwO EF MPT QBTUPT EF /BWBMwO QPS TFJT NJM QFTFUBT EF MB nQPDB QFSP FTPT EFSFDIPT FSBO SFWFOEJEPT B MPT QBTUPSFT HFOUF NBZPS Z TJO GPSNBDJwO QPS DJFO NJM QFTFUBT "M FOUFSBSTF EPO .JHVFM SFVOJw B MPT QBTUPSFT FO MB QBSSPRVJB EF /BWBMwO KVOUP B VO BCPHBEP Z EFDJEJFSPO QSFTFOUBS TV QSPQJB PGFSUB MJHFSBNFOUF TVQFSJPS B MBT TFJT NJM QFTFUBT &M BMDBMEF RVJTP OFHBSTF B BDFQ UBSMB QFSP TF WJP PCMJHBEP B BDFQUBSMB B SFHBvBEJFOUFT "Tr MPT QBTUPSFT QVEJFSPO FKFSDFS TV MBCPS TJO WFSTF BCPDBEPT B MB SVJOB %PO .JHVFM GVF EFOVODJBEP QPS FM BMDBMEF BM "S[PCJTQBEP QPS §FYDFEFSTF FO TVT GVODJPOFT¨ QFSP MP DJFSUP FT RVF RVJFO GVF EFTUJUVJEP ¯OBMNFOUF GVF FM QSPQJP BMDBMEF EF &OHVFSB
/P TFSg MB |MUJNB WF[ RVF TF QPTJDJPOF KVOUP BM PQSJNJEP P BM EnCJM QPS EFGFOEFS TVT EFSFDIPT 5PEBT MBT UBSEFT KVOUP DPO MB NBFTUSB EFM QVFCMP PSHBOJ[B DMBTFT QBSB BMGBCFUJ[BS BEVMUPT Z KwWFOFT RVF IBO BCBOEPOBEP MB FTDVFMB UBMMFSFT EF DPTUVSB Z IBTUB VO HSVQP EF UFBUSP &OUSF BMHVOBT DVSJPTJEBEFT QPEFNPT EFTUBDBS RVF FO FTUB QFRVFvB BMEFB USBCBKw QPS MB MMFHBEB EF MB MV[ FMnDUSJDB 4V FUBQB FO /BWBMwO DPODMVZw FO QFSP B QFTBS EF FTUBS TwMP USFT BvPT BMMr MB IVFMMB EFKBEB QPS FTUF KPWFO TBDFSEPUF MMFWw B TVT WFDJOPT B EFEJDBSMF MB QMB[B NBZPS EFM QVF CMP BDUVBM 1MB[B .JHVFM -MVDI &O FM "S[PCJTQP EF 7BMFODJB QPS BOUPOPNBTJB EPO .BS DFMJOP 0MBFDIFB MF FODPNJFOEB MB MBCPS EF GVOEBS MB QBSSPRVJB EF 4BO 'FSOBOEP 3FZ FO 7BMFODJB -B UBSFB FT BSEVB QPSRVF BEF NgT EF PSHBOJ[BS MB JODJQJFOUF DPNVOJEBE IBZ RVF DPOTUSVJS VO UFNQMP 1BSB FMMP TF WBMJw EFM QBQFM EF MBT QPSUFSBT EFM CBSSJP B MBT RVF MMBNw §HSVQP EF WJTJUBEPSBT¨ BM FTUJMP EF PUSPT HSVQPT EF NVKFSFT RVF MVFHP DPOTUJUVJSg FO FM GVUVSP &MMBT MF PSHBOJ[BCBO MBT DJUBT DPO MBT GBNJMJBT EF MB QBSSPRVJB B MBT RVF JOWJUBCB B USB CBKBS QBSB DPOTUJUVJS MB DPNVOJEBE Z PSHBOJ[BS MB DPOTUSVDDJwO EFM UFNQMP "Tr MMFHw B SFVOJSTF DPO NgT EF OPWFDJFOUBT GBNJMJBT Z QSPOUP DPNFO[BSPO MPT USBCBKPT EF DPOTUSVDDJwO EFM UFNQMP Z MB BERVJTJDJwO EF VO CBKP QBSB DFMFCSBS MB &VDBSJTUrB %F FTUB FUBQB SFDVFSEB DPO NVDIP DBSJvP VO &ODVFOUSP &VSP QFP EF 4BDFSEPUFT RVF UVWP MVHBS FO "NTUFSEBN &SB MB QSJNFSB WF[ RVF TBMrB EF &TQBvB Z DPOPDJw EF QSJNFSB NBOP MPT NPWJ NJFOUPT FDVNnOJDPT RVF MVDIBO QPS MB VOJEBE EFM DSJTUJBOJTNP 5BNCJnO BMMr UVWP DPOUBDUP DPO MPT NPWJNJFOUPT EF QBTUPSBM GB NJMJBS RVF ZB DJSDVMBCBO QPS &VSPQB DPNP MPT &RVJQPT EF /VFT USB 4FvPSB EFM QBESF $BGGBSFM 6OB WF[ SFHSFTB FM BS[PCJTQP MP OPNCSB EFMFHBEP EJPDFTBOP EF 1BTUPSBM 'BNJMJBS &O 4BO 'FSOBOEP 3FZ FTUBSg OVFWF BvPT IBTUB RVF .JHVFM BUFOEJFOEP MB MMBNBEB EFM BS[PCJTQP KVOUP DPO PUSPT TBDFSEPUFT WBMFODJBOPT TF NBSDIB B #VFOPT "JSFT B MB EJwDFTJT EF .PSwO VOB EF MBT NgT EFQSJNJEBT EF "SHFOUJOB "UJFOEF MBT QBSSPRVJBT EF MB .FEBMMB .JMBHSPTB $SJTUP 0CSFSP .BESF EF %JPT Z /VFTUSB 4FvPSB EF *UBUZ /P IBZ OBEB DPOTUSVJEP Z MPT CBSSJPT FTUgO MMFOPT
EF CBSSP NJTFSJB Z FYDMVTJwO QFSP FM USBCBKP Z FM SFUP FT BQBTJP OBOUF BTr RVF TF QPOFO NBOPT B MB PCSB 1PS MBT NBvBOBT TBMFO B QBTFBS QPS MBT DBMMFT Z IBCMBO DPO MBT NVKFSFT B MBT RVF BOJNBO B SFVOJS B MB GBNJMJB Z BNJHPT QBSB DFMFCSBS MB &VDBSJTUrB RVF UFOESg MVHBS MB NBZPS QBSUF EF MBT WFDFT FO MB QSPQJB DBMMF TPCSF FM CBSSP P MPT DIBSDPT EF MBT |MUJNBT MMVWJBT " QBSUJS EF FTUBT QFRVFvBT SFVOJPOFT TF WBO DSFBOEP MBT QSJNFSBT DPNVOJEBEFT Z DPNJFO[B MB DPOTUSVDDJwO EF MPT UFNQMPT RVF TFSgO NVMUJVTPT EVSBOUF MB TF NBOB TFSWJSgO EF DPNFEPS DFOUSP EF SFIBCJMJUBDJwO EF BMDPIwMJ DPT DBUFRVFTJT BVMB EF BMGBCFUJ[BDJwOž QBSB DFMFCSBS MB &VDBSJTUrB MPT EPNJOHPT "Tr MMFHBSPO B GVOEBS TFJT QBSSPRVJBT 1FSP QBSB QPEFS TVCTJTUJS MPT TBDFSEPUFT OFDFTJUBO UFOFS VO P¯DJP RVF MFT QFSNJUB UFOFS VO TVFMEP BTr RVF DPNJFO[BO B CVT DBS USBCBKP FO VO CBS DPNP DBNBSFSPT DFSDB EF VOP EF MPT DPMF HJPT NgT JNQPSUBOUFT EF #VFOPT "JSFT FO FM RVF FTUVEJBO UBN CJnO BMHVOPT IJKPT EF BMUPT NBOEPT NJMJUBSFT -PT QBESFT QSPQP OFO B MPT TBDFSEPUFT RVF EFO DMBTFT FO FM DPMFHJP Z RVF GPSNFO HSVQPT EF NBUSJNPOJPT DPO FMMPT 4PO MPT DPOWVMTPT BvPT RVF BOUFDFEFO B MB MFHBMJ[BDJwO EFM QFSPOJTNP Z MB MMFHBEB QPS UFSDF SB WF[ EF +VBO %PNJOHP 1FSwO B MB QSFTJEFODJB BSHFOUJOB 1FSP MMFHB FM HPMQF Z MB DSFBDJwO EF MB +VOUB .JMJUBS 4FSgO FTUPT BvPT MPT NgT BHJUBEPT FO MB WJEB EF .JHVFM -MVDI Z TVT DPNQBvFSPT TBDFSEPUFT QVFT TFSg BDVTBEP EF DPMBCPSBDJwO DPO MPT DPNVOJT UBT Z TF WFO PCMJHBEPT B FTDPOEFSTF EF MB %JDUBEVSB TBMWBOEP MB WJEB QSgDUJDBNFOUF EF NJMBHSP -B TBMVE DPNJFO[B B SFTFOUJSTF EF UBOUPT TPCSFTBMUPT Z TVGSF VO JOGBSUP QPS MP RVF SFHSFTB B 7BMFODJB FO &OUPODFT FM BS[PCJTQP EF 7BMFODJB EPO .JHVFM 3PDB MP EFT UJOB B MB QBSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO EF 5PSSFOU EF MB RVF UPNw QPTFTJwO FM PDUVCSF EF %PO .JHVFM TJFNQSF DPNFO UB EF GPSNB JSwOJDB RVF FM BS[PCJTQP EFTQVnT EF IBCFS FTUBEP GVOEBOEP Z DPOTUSVZFOEP UFNQMPT EVSBOUF DBTJ USFJOUB Z DJODP BvPT MF QSPNFUJw RVF MP NBOEBCB B VOB QBSSPRVJB RVF ZB FTUBCB DPOTUSVJEB -P RVF OP MF EJKP FT RVF FO MPT USFJOUB BvPT FO RVF FTUVWJFSB BDPNFUFSrB MB SFTUBVSBDJwO EFM DBNQBOBSJP EF MBT DB QJMMBT EFM UFNQMP EF MPT NVSPT Z MB GBDIBEB MB SFDPOTUSVDDJwO EF
MPT MPDBMFT EF MB $BTB "CBErB Z MB NPEFSOJ[BDJwO EFM DFNFOUFSJP QBSSPRVJBM BTr DPNP FM BDUVBM QSPZFDUP EF DPOTUSVDDJwO EFM TB MwO QBSSPRVJBM Z EF MBT WJWJFOEBT Z MPDBMFT QBSSPRVJBMFT "M MMFHBS B MB QBSSPRVJB Z EFTQVnT EF MB FYQFSJFODJB EF MBT WJTJUBEPSBT FO 4BO 'FSOBOEP Z MBT NBESFT EF GBNJMJB FO #VF OPT "JSFT EPO .JHVFM TF EB DVFOUB EF RVF MB QBSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO FT NVZ HSBOEF FO O|NFSP EF QFSTPOBT QFSP RVF IBZ NVDIBT NgT B MBT RVF MMFHBS RVF OP TF BDFSDBO QPS FM UFNQMP 1PS FMMP KVOUP DPO VO WPMVOUBSJPTP O|NFSP EF NVKFSFT GVOEB FM HSVQP EF &WBOHFMJ[BDJwO RVF TF FODBSHBSg EF TFS MB WP[ EF MB QBSSPRVJB FO FM CBSSJP MMFWBOEP MB SFWJTUB MB JOGPSNBDJwO TPCSF MPT IPSBSJPT EF BDUJWJEBEFT QBTUPSBMFT P QSFPDVQgOEPTF QPS MBT OFDFTJEBEFT EF MBT GBNJMJBT Z DPPSEJOgOEPMBT DPO $gSJUBT -PT TPO MPT BvPT FO MPT RVF MB QBSSPRVJB QBTBSg EF TFS VOB QBSSPRVJB BODMBEB FO FTUSVDUVSBT EFM QBTBEP B SFTQPOEFS B MPT SFUPT RVF QMBOUFBCB FM $PODJMJP 7BUJDBOP ** HSBDJBT BM FTGVFS[P EFM BS[PCJTQP 3PDB QPS JNQVMTBS FM 4rOPEP %JPDFTBOP Z FM USBCB KP SFBMJ[BEP QPS UPEB MB DPNVOJEBE QPS MMFWBSMP BEFMBOUF 4VSHJ SgO BTr MPT NPWJNJFOUPT EF KwWFOFT P EF NBUSJNPOJPT Z BEVMUPT TF JNQVMTBSg Z SFGPS[BSg UPEB MB BDDJwO DBSJUBUJWB EF MB QBSSPRVJB Z TF SFOPWBSg MB -JUVSHJB Z MB 3FMJHJPTJEBE 1PQVMBS 1FSP VOB OPDIF EF NBS[P EF PDVSSF BMHP RVF NBSDBSg MB FTUBODJB EF EPO .JHVFM FO MB "TVODJwO MBT MMVWJBT QSPQJDJBO FM EFSSVNCF EF VO QBCFMMwO EFM DFNFOUFSJP QBSSPRVJBM RVF TF FODPOUSBCB FO NVZ NBM FTUBEP -B TJUVBDJwO QSPWPDB MB JOEJHOB DJwO EF NVDIBT GBNJMJBT BTr RVF B MPT EBvPT NBUFSJBMFT IBZ RVF TVNBS FM EPMPS DBVTBEP 4JO FNCBSHP EPO .JHVFM TJFNQSF WF MP QPTJUJWP FO MP OFHBUJWP Z FTUF EFTHSBDJBEP JODJEFOUF ¥RVF MF DPT UBSg BEFNgT VO TFSJP QSPCMFNB EF TBMVE ¥ TFSWJSg QBSB EPUBS BM DFNFOUFSJP EF VOB FTUSVDUVSB Z VO GVODJPOBNJFOUP RVF IPZ IB DFO EF nM VO DFNFOUFSJP NPEFMP QBSB NVDIBT QPCMBDJPOFT 4FSrB JOKVTUP PCWJBS BRVr MB MBCPS EF EPO "MGPOTP *CgvF[ WJDBSJP EF MB QBSSPRVJB QPS BRVFMMBT GFDIBT RVF TVQP MJEFSBS UPEP FTF QSPDFTP EF SFQBSBDJwO SFTUBVSBDJwO Z SFPSHBOJ[BDJwO EFM DFNFOUFSJP -BT DFMFCSBDJPOFT EFM BOJWFSTBSJP EF MB $BSUB 1PCMB EF 5P SSFOU MMFWBCBO QBSFKBT MBT EFM BOJWFSTBSJP EF MB QSFTFODJB EF
MB *HMFTJB FO FTUB MPDBMJEBE BDPOUFDJNJFOUP RVF GVF QSPWJEFODJBM FO FM USBCBKP QPS MB VOJEBE EFM "SDJQSFTUB[HP RVF FODPOUSw FO MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM VOB UBMMB SPNgOJDB RVF IBCrB FTUBEP FO FM UFNQMP QSJNJUJWP Z RVF BIPSB TF DVTUPEJBCB FO FM .VTFP $BUFESBMJDJP FM TrNCPMP QBSB SF°FKBS FTB VOJEBE "Tr DPO MB DP MBCPSBDJwO EF "ESJgO #FTw IJKP EF MB QBSSPRVJB Z QSPGFTPS EF MB 'BDVMUBE EF )JTUPSJB EF MB 6OJWFSTJUBU EF 7BMoODJB TF DPOTJHVJw SFTUJUVJS BM DVMUP MB JNBHFO EF MB 7JSHFO Z FOUSPOJ[BSMB EF OVFWP FO FM BMUBS NBZPS EF MB *HMFTJB EF MB "TVODJwO DPNP ZB MP IJDJFSB TJHMPT BUSgT -BT DFMFCSBDJPOFT EF FTUF BOJWFSTBSJP UVWJFSPO TV DPMPGwO DPO MB WJTJUB EFM OVODJP EF 4 4 FM 1BQB .POTFvPS -B KPT ,BEB RVF QSFTJEJw VOB &VDBSJTUrB KVOUP DPO FM BS[PCJTQP EF 7BMFODJB "HVTUrO (BSDrB (BTDP DPO VOB SnQMJDB EFM 4BOUP $gMJ[ RVF TF DVTUPEJB FO MB $BUFESBM EF 7BMFODJB 1FSP TJ QPS BMHP IBZ RVF EFTUBDBS TV MBCPS FO FTUPT BvPT OP FT TwMP QPS MBT PCSBT OJ QPS MB SFDVQFSBDJwO EF MB JNBHFO EF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM P MB SFTUBVSBDJwO EF MPT 3JCBMUBT 4JO EVEB FT TV WPDBDJwO QPS MPT NgT OFDFTJUBEPT FM JNQVMTP RVF EJP B $gSJ UBT BUFOEJFOEP B MB SFDPNFOEBDJwO EFM 4rOPEP MB BDPHJEB B MPT JONJHSBOUFT DPO MB $PNJTJwO EF "DPHJEB BM *ONJHSBOUF DVZPT GSVUPT WFNPT QPS FKFNQMP FO FM $FOUSP EF %rB EFM *ONJHSBOUF MB JOUFHSBDJwO EF UPEPT MPT DPMFDUJWPT FO MB QBTUPSBM QBSSPRVJBM FM BDFSDBNJFOUP BM NVOEP DVMUVSBM Z GFTUJWP DPO MB FTQFDJBM BUFO DJwO B MBT GBMMBT ¥DPNP NPUPSFT QSJNFSPT EF MB JOUFHSBDJwO FO OVFTUSPT CBSSJPT Z MB ¯FTUB EF MPT .PSPT Z $SJTUJBOPT ¥DPO MB QBSUJDJQBDJwO EF MBT DPNQBSTBT FO FM QSFHwO Z FM EPOBUJWP B $g SJUBT P FO MB &VDBSJTUrB Z MB 1SPDFTJwO EF MPT 4BOUPT 1BUSPOPT %PO .JHVFM FT BOUF UPEP VO TBDFSEPUF RVF IBDF CVFOP BRVF MMP EF §DPO WPTPUSPT DSJTUJBOP QBSB WPTPUSPT TBDFSEPUF¨ 2VJFOFT MP DPOPDFO EFTUBDBO EF nM TV JOUFHSJEBE TV DPOTUBODJB Z TV ¯S NF[B FO MB EFGFOTB EF MPT WBMPSFT DSJTUJBOPT FO FTUF NVOEP FO FM RVF QSJNB FM SFMBUJWJTNP &T VO IPNCSF RVF WJWF TV WPDBDJwO EF TFSWJDJP B MB DPNVOJ EBE Z B TV QBSSPRVJB MBT IPSBT EFM ErB MPT ErBT EFM BvP 6O TBDFSEPUF TJFNQSF QSFPDVQBEP EFM NgT EnCJM EFM NgT EFTGBWPSF DJEP 6O IPNCSF EF %JPT
&OUSFWJTUB B .JHVFM -MVDI FO FM EFTQBDIP EF TV QBSSPRVJB "OB $PSPOBEP "SUVSP (BSDrB Z $nTBS 'FSOgOEF[
%F OP IBCFS TJEP TBDFSEPUF ˜IB QFOTBEP B RVn MF IVCJFSB HVTUBEP EFEJDBSTF &O FM TFOP NBUFSOP %JPT NF FMJHJw QBSB TFS TBDFSEPUF FT BMHP RVF UVWF NVZ DMBSP EFTEF OJvP 3FDVFSEP RVF BM JOJDJP EF MB (VFSSB $JWJM UFOESrB ZP VOPT DJODP BvPT ZFOEP QPS MB DBMMF FO "MCPSBJB WJ DwNP JODFOEJBCBO FM UFNQMP QBSSPRVJBM Z MPT TBDFSEPUFT UFOrBO RVF FTDPOEFSTF Z FO FTF NPNFOUP MF EJKF B NJ QBESF RVF RVFSrB TFS TBDFSEPUF .gT UBSEF FO MB QMFOJUVE EF NJ KVWFOUVE QVEF FMFHJS DPO UPEB MJCFSUBE NJ WPDBDJwO " MP MBSHP EF NJT DJODVFOUB Z DJODP BvPT EF TBDFSEPDJP IF TJEP NVZ GFMJ[ BNBOEP B NJT GFMJHSFTFT Z TJOUJnOEPNF RVFSJEP QPS FMMPT ˜2Vn NgT QVFEP QFEJS 4JFNQSF EBSn HSBDJBT B %JPT QPS TFS TBDFSEPUF ˜$wNP USBOTDVSSF VO ErB QBSB VTUFE ˜DVgMFT TPO TVT BDUJWJEBEFT Z FM EFTBSSPMMP EF MBT NJTNBT ˜FM UJFNQP EB NgT EF Tr QBSB BMHVJFO RVF OP IB GPSNBEP VOB GBNJMJB QSPQJB &M ErB EF VO TBDFSEPUF EB QBSB NVDIP Z OP IBZ VO ErB JHVBM B PUSP /PSNBMNFOUF NF MFWBOUP B MBT TFJT Z NFEJB UFOHP VO SBUP EF PSBDJwO Z DFMFCSP MB 4BOUB .JTB 4VFMP EFEJDBS MB NBvBOB B WJTJUBS B MPT FOGFSNPT JOUFSFTBSNF QPS MB WJEB EF MPT GFMJHSFTFT Z QBSUJDJQBS FO SFVOJPOFT EF MB WJEB EF MB DPNVOJEBE P SFBMJ[BS BMHVOB HFTUJwO 4J MB TJUVBDJwO MP SFRVJFSF Z IB IBCJEP VO GBMMFDJNJFOUP QSPDVSP FODPOUSBSNF DPO MB GBNJMJB Z BDPNQBvBSMPT FO DBTB P FO FM UBOBUPSJP Z QSFQBSBS DPO FMMPT FM FOUJFSSP RVF QSFTJEJSn EFTQVnT 4JFNQSF RVF QVFEP DPNP DPO FM WJDBSJP EPO +FT|T P DPO BMH|O DPNQBvFSP TBDFSEPUF -B UBSEF
DBTJ TJFNQSF MB EFEJDP B MBT SFVOJPOFT FO MB QBSSPRVJB P B FTUBS FO FM EFTQBDIP QBSSPRVJBM BUFOEJFOEP B MB HFOUF QSFQBSBOEP FYQFEJFOUFT NBUSJNPOJBMFT EF MBT QBSFKBT RVF WBO B DBTBSTF -B KPSOBEB BDBCB QBTBEBT MBT PODF EF MB OPDIF /P QVFEF EFDJSTF RVF OP IBZB GPSNBEP VOB GBNJMJB QPSRVF MB DPNVOJEBE QBSSPRVJBM FT NJ GBNJMJB &O FTF TFOUJEP FM DFMJCBUP FT VOB HSBDJB EFM &TQrSJUV 4BOUP QPSRVF NF QFSNJUF FOUSFHBSNF B MB DPNVOJEBE DPO QMFOJUVE
˜$wNP WF B MB JHMFTJB FO FM NPNFOUP BDUVBM &O VO NPNFOUP NVZ JNQPSUBOUF Z BQBTJPOBOUF ZB RVF OVODB IB TJEP GgDJM MB NJTJwO EF FWBOHFMJ[BS MB DVMUVSB EF DBEB nQPDB QPSRVF EF VOB NBOFSB V PUSB TJFNQSF IB TVGSJEP QFSTFDVDJPOFT "OVODJBS B UPEPT MPT IPNCSFT FM BNPS RVF %JPT OPT UJFOF FT VOB NJTJwO QPS MB RVF WBMF MB QFOB FOUSFHBS MB WJEB .F QSFPDVQB OP PCTUBOUF MB JNBHFO RVF EF MB *HMFTJB UJFOF MB TPDJFEBE BDUVBM RVF FT NVZ BMFKBEB EF MP RVF FT FO SFBMJEBE 4F FTUg QSFTFOUBOEP B MB *HMFTJB DPNP VOB JOTUJUVDJwO SFUSwHSBEB EF FTQBMEBT B MPT QSPCMFNBT EF MB TPDJFEBE DVBOEP MP DJFSUP FT RVF TJFNQSF FTUg EFM MBEP EFM RVF TVGSF Z EFM NBSHJOBEP 4PO MPT TJHOPT EF MPT UJFNQPT Z OP WBMF MBNFOUBSTF TJOP BQSFOEFS EF FMMPT ˜2Vn DBNCJBSrB -B *HMFTJB FT VOB GBNJMJB BNBSMB TVQPOF RVFSFS NFKPSBSMB TJFNQSF 1FSP EF UPEP IBZ RVF BQSFOEFS VOB MFDDJwO &O DJFSUB PDBTJwO BM DBSEFOBM 5BSBODwO MF QSFHVOUBSPO RVn PQJOBCB BDFSDB EF MB FTDBTF[ EF WPDBDJPOFT TBDFSEPUBMFT Z EPO 7JDFOUF MFT DPOUFTUw RVF OP IBCrB RVF MBNFOUBSTF QPS FMMP P RVFKBSTF TJOP FOUFOEFS RVn FSB MP RVF FM &TQrSJUV 4BOUP QFErB B MB *HMFTJB DPO FMMP RVF OP FSB PUSB DPTB RVF GPNFOUBS FM QBQFM EFM MBJDP EFOUSP EF MB *HMFTJB 4r RVF FT DJFSUP RVF NF HVTUBSrB RVF MPT DSJTUJBOPT UVWJnTFNPT NgT BMFHSrB 2VF UPEPT MPT DSFZFOUFT BQSFOEBNPT B HP[BS FM BNPS RVF %JPT UJFOF QBSB RVF BTr QPEBNPT BOVODJBS B UPEPT MPT IPNCSFT §MB #VFOB /PUJDJB EFM &WBOHFMJP¨
˜2Vn PQJOB EF RVF MB *HMFTJB $BUwMJDB TF JOWPMVDSF FO MB QPMrUJDB DSFF RVF MPT DPODFQUPT EF SFMJHJwO Z FTUBEP EFCFO FTUBS FO DPOTPOBODJB P WF MFHrUJNP RVF MPT FTUBEPT TFBO MBJDPT GSFOUF B MB BNBMHBNB EF SFMJHJPOFT FO MB TPDJFEBE &M QBQFM EF MB *HMFTJB OP FT IBDFS QPMrUJDB QFSP Tr JMVNJOBS DPO MB MV[ EFM &WBOHFMJP UPEPT MPT gNCJUPT EF MB WJEB EFM NVOEP QPMrUJDP FDPOwNJDP DVMUVSBM EFQPSUJWP FUD 1PS FKFNQMP FO FTUPT ErBT TF IB BQSPCBEP MB MFZ EFM BCPSUP Z MB *HMFTJB FTUg FO MB PCMJHBDJwO EF QSPDMBNBS FM WBMPS TVQSFNP EF MB 7JEB GSFOUF BM SFMBUJWJTNP EF MB TPDJFEBE BDUVBM $SFP RVF FM FTUBEP UJFOF RVF TFS MBJDP OP MBJDJTUB UJFOF RVF TBCFS SFTQFUBS Z QSPUFHFS MBT DSFFODJBT EF TVT T|CEJUPT Z FOSJRVFDFSTF DPO MBT BQPSUBDJPOFT EF UPEPT Z FTP QBTB QPS GPNFOUBS MB TPMJEBSJEBE FOUSF UPEPT MPT EJTUJOUPT QVFCMPT EFTDVCSJS MB JNQPSUBODJB EF MB GBNJMJB DPNP CBTF EF MB TPDJFEBE JNQVMTBS MB WFSEBEFSB EFNPDSBDJB MB RVF QPUFODJB MB MJCFSUBE EFM TFS IVNBOP 5PEPT FTUPT TPO WBMPSFT RVF MB GF DSJTUJBOB IB JEP EBOEP Z RVF FM IVNBOJTNP DSJTUJBOP EF¯FOEF 1PS UPEP FMMP FT GVOEBNFOUBM FM QBQFM EFM DSJTUJBOP FO MB TPDJFEBE "RVr FO 5PSSFOU EFTEF VOB JOTUJUVDJwO DFOUFOBSJB Z BSSBJHBEB FO OVFTUSB TPDJFEBE DPNP FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP FTUBNPT JNQVMTBOEP FM DPNQSPNJTP TPDJBM Z QPMrUJDP EFM DSJTUJBOP FO FTUF NVOEP EF IPZ ˜$wNP WF 5PSSFOU EFTEF RVF WJOP IBDF BvPT IBTUB BIPSB 5PSSFOU IB DSFDJEP NVDIP FO IBCJUBOUFT FO FTQrSJUV EF DPNVOJwO Z TPMJEBSJEBE &T VO QVFCMP DPO VO HSBO FTQrSJUV GFTUJWP Z BTPDJBUJWP &M UJUVMP EF (SBO $JVEBE RVF TF MF IB DPODFEJEP |MUJNBNFOUF FT VO CVFO FYQPOFOUF EF FTF DSFDJNJFOUP /VFTUSB *HMFTJB "SDJQSFTUBM UBNCJnO FTUB WJWJFOEP FTF DSFDJNJFOUP -wHJDBNFOUF UBNCJnO WFP EJ¯DVMUBEFT MB JOUFHSBDJwO EF MPT JONJHSBOUFT FT FM HSBO SFUP BM RVF OPT WBNPT B FOGSFOUBS FO MBT QSwYJNBT EnDBEBT : QPS TVQVFTUP MVDIBS QPS MPT FYDMVJEPT FT PUSP SFUP OP QPEFNPT IBDFS DJVEBEFT RVF UFOHBO EPT WFMPDJEBEFT 6OB RVF TBMF FO MBT GPUPT Z PUSB RVF TF WF FO BMHVOBT EF OVFTUSBT DBMMFT
˜%F RVn TF TJFOUF VTUFE NgT TBUJTGFDIP FO TV NJOJTUFSJP TBDFSEPUBM %F IBCFSNF ¯BEP TJFNQSF EF %JPT EFM BNPS TBDFSEPUBM Z EFM DBSJvP RVF IF FODPOUSBEP FO UPEBT NJT QBSSPRVJBT ˜2Vn EFKB FO FM UJOUFSP /P FYJTUF VO QSPHSBNB EF HPCJFSOP B MB IPSB EFM TBDFSEPDJP QPS MP UBOUP OP QVFEP EFDJS RVF IBZB EFKBEP BMHP QPS IBDFS QPSRVF FTP TJHOJ¯DBSrB RVF IBCrB QSFWJTUP BMHP DVBOEP NF MMBNBSPO BRVr Z OP FT BTr &M TBDFSEPUF UJFOF RVF TBCFS FTDVDIBS MP RVF FM 4FvPS RVJFSF EF nM &TP Tr RVF FT MP RVF OP IB IFDIP TJFNQSF CJFO OP IBCFS TBCJEP FTDVDIBS BM FTQrSJUV 1PS FMMP FM EF BHPTUP KVOUP DPO OVFTUSP WJDBSJP EPO +FT|T (JSwO DFMFCSBSFNPT MB &VDBSJTUrB EBSFNPT HSBDJBT Z QFEJSFNPT QFSEwO "MMr QPESn EBS MBT HSBDJBT B UPEPT MP RVF NF IBO BDPNQBvBEP Z IF DPOPDJEP BRVr FO 5PSSFOU B MP MBSHP EF NJT USFJOUB BvPT EF TFSWJDJP ˜" RVn QJFOTB EFEJDBSTF DVBOEP EFKF FTUB DJVEBE &M BS[PCJTQP NF FOWrB BM 4FNJOBSJP .FOPS EF 9hUJWB QBSB FTUBS DPO MPT TFNJOBSJTUBT NgT KwWFOFT EF MB EJwDFTJT 1SFTUBS B MB *HMFTJB FTUF |MUJNP TFSWJDJP NF MMFOB EF BMFHSrB 5BNCJnO FM FTUBS DPO FM SFDUPS EPO +BWJFS (SBOEF DPO FM RVF DPNQBSUJNPT PDIP BvPT BRVr FO MB QBSSPRVJB Z DPO FM RVF HVBSEP VOB BNJTUBE NVZ FOUSBvBCMF ˜2Vn TVQPOF QBSB VTUFE TFS OPNCSBEP §)JKP "EPQUJWP EF 5PSSFOU¨ )BDFS Q|CMJDP BMHP RVF TJFNQSF IF WJWJEP FM BNPS RVF NF UJFOF Z RVF UFOHP BM QVFCMP EF 5PSSFOU Z MB HSBUJUVE RVF HVBSEP IBDJB WPTPUSPT : TPCSF UPEP VOB HSBO TBUJTGBDDJwO OP UBOUP QPS NJ QFSTPOB TJOP QPSRVF IBZB TJEP VO TBDFSEPUF FM OPNCSBEP )JKP "EPQUJWP ˜1PS RVn GVF B FKFSDFS EF TBDFSEPUF FO "SHFOUJOB Z DVgM GVF TV MBCPS BMMr 'VF VO FOWrP NJTJPOFSP EF MB *HMFTJB EF 7BMFODJB GSVUP EFM $PODJMJP 7BUJDBOP ** .PSwO FSB VOB EJwDFTJT EF OVFWB DSFBDJwO
+VOUP DPO PUSPT TBDFSEPUFT WBMFODJBOPT OVFTUSB NJTJwO GVF USBCBKBS FO CBSSJPT NBSHJOBEPT %FTQVnT EF IBCFS FTUBEP FO "SHFOUJOB IBCFS OBDJEP FO "MCPSBJB Z IBCFS TJEP QgSSPDP FO 5PSSFOU ˜VTUFE TF TJFOUF EF "MCPSBJB UPSSFOUJOP P DJVEBEBOP EFM NVOEP 1VFT PT EJHP MB WFSEBE DPNP NF IF TFOUJEP NVZ RVFSJEP FO UPEBT MBT QBSSPRVJBT TJO UFOFS FM DPSB[wO QBSUJEP NF TJFOUP B MB WF[ IJKP EF "MCPSBJB EF /BWBMwO EF 4BO 'FSOBOEP 3FZ EF 7BMFODJB EF 7JMMB 5FTFJ .PSwO "SHFOUJOB Z EF 5PSSFOU "VORVF MB WFSEBE FT RVF MPT USFJOUB BvPT WJWJEPT BRVr NF IBO NBSDBEP NVDIP "RVr IF QPEJEP WJWJS BRVFMMP RVF EFDrB 4BO "HVTUrO §$PO WPTPUSPT DSJTUJBOP QBSB WPTPUSPT TBDFSEPUF ¨ ˜)B UFOJEP BMH|O UJQP EF JO°VFODJB TV FTUBODJB FO #VFOPT "JSFT QBSB EFTFNQFvBS TV MBCPS FO 5PSSFOU DPNP DSFBEPS F JNQVMTPS EF MB $PNJTJwO EF "ZVEB BM *ONJHSBOUF ˜TV FTUBODJB BMMr MF IBDF QPOFSTF FO MB QJFM EF MPT JONJHSBOUFT RVF WJFOFO B &TQBvB DPO HSBOEFT EJ¯DVMUBEFT FDPOwNJDBT 4JFNQSF IF TFOUJEP FTQFDJBM QSFEJMFDDJwO QPS MPT NBSHJOBEPT Z FYDMVJEPT &O "SHFOUJOB BM NFOPT MB HFOUF EF NJT CBSSJPT EFTDVCSr RVF TBCF RVFSFS NVDIP B TVT TBDFSEPUFT Z FO NPNFOUPT NVZ EJGrDJMFT ZP WJWr RVF MPT QPCSFT Z NBSHJOBEPT DBSFDrBO EF CJFOFT NBUFSJBMFT QFSP FSBO NVZ SJDPT FO BNPS &TP NF IB NBSDBEP Z OP MP PMWJEBSn OVODB ˜4V MBCPS DPNP TBDFSEPUF MB IBDF QPS TBUJTGBDDJwO QFSTPOBM P TF DPOTJEFSB VO JOTUSVNFOUP EF %JPT QBSB EJGVOEJS FM &WBOHFMJP 4BO 1BCMP EJDF §QBSB Nr MB WJEB FT BOVODJBS B $SJTUP¨ -BT EPT DPTBT WJWP RVF %JPT NF FOWrB Z HP[P BOVODJBOEP FM FWBOHFMJP %F IFDIP UPEPT MPT CBVUJ[BEPT FTUgO MMBNBEPT B FTUP B EJGVOEJS FM &WBOHFMJP -PT TBDFSEPUFT TwMP TPNPT JOTUSVNFOUPT QBSB FMMP ˜2Vn FT MP NgT EVSP EF TFS TBDFSEPUF &ODPOUSBSUF DPO MBT QVFSUBT DFSSBEBT DPO MB JODPNQSFOTJwO P DPO MB OFHBUJWB B BDPHFSUF
˜: RVn IB TJEP MP NgT HSBUJ¯DBOUF EF TFS TBDFSEPUF 1PEFS DFMFCSBS MB 4BOUB .JTB UPEPT MPT ErBT FO UPEPT MPT BNCJFOUFT Z DJSDVOTUBODJBT Z FYQFSJNFOUBS RVF %JPT NF PCFEFDrB DVBOEP MP MMBNBCB DVBOEP DPOTBHSP FM $VFSQP Z MB 4BOHSF EF $SJTUP DVBOEP CBVUJ[P FO TV OPNCSF DVBOEP QSFTJEP VOB DFMFCSBDJwO EFM NBUSJNPOJPž "EFNgT IB TJEP QBSB Nr BMHP NVZ JNQPSUBOUF MB DPNVOJwO TBDFSEPUBM DPO MB QBSSPRVJB Z DPO FM "SDJQSFTUB[HP DPO FMMPT IF QPEJEP WJWJS VOB rOUJNB GSBUFSOJEBE TBDSBNFOUBM
$PO UPEB MB MBCPS RVF IB IFDIP ˜DwNP FT RVF OP IB BTDFOEJEP FO TV MBCPS FDMFTJgTUJDB &O FM DPSB[wO EF %JPT OP IBZ BTDFOTPT EF DBUFHPSrB IVNBOB Tr HP[P Z BMFHSrB QPS MB MBCPS SFBMJ[BEB &M TBDFSEPDJP OP FT VO DPODVSTP EF NnSJUPT P VOB PQPTJDJwO FO MB RVF VOP FTQFSB SFDJCJS BMH|O QSFNJP TJOP RVF UJFOF RVF FTUBS BM TFSWJDJP EF MB *HMFTJB Z EF TVT PCJTQPT 1PS FTP TwMP QVFEP EBS HSBDJBT QPSRVF FO NFEJP EF UPEP Z DPO UPEP IF TJEP Z TPZ NVZ GFMJ[ 2VJFSP BQSPWFDIBS QBSB BHSBEFDFSPT MBT BUFODJPOFT RVF FTUgJT UFOJFOEP DPONJHP FTUPT ErBT 4wMP QVFEP EFDJSPT NVDIBT HSBDJBT &T NgT MP RVF NF MMFWP EF WPTPUSPT RVF MP RVF PT IF FOUSFHBEP
1FRVFvPT SFDVFSEPT EF NJ QSJNP .JHVFM -MVDI 7JDFOUF $FSF[P 1gSSPDP EF 'PJPT
3FTVNJS FO VOBT QPDBT MrOFBT UPEPT NJT SFDVFSEPT Z FYQFSJFODJBT WJWJEBT DPO NJ QSJNP Z IFSNBOP .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P FT UBSFB BSEVB Z EJGrDJM QFSP WPZ JOUFOUBS QMBTNBS VOPT DVBOUPT IFDIPT P WJWFODJBT RVF NF IBO BZVEBEP B MMFHBS B TFS RVJFO TPZ 3FDVFSEP TVT BvPT EF "NnSJDB DVBOEP OPT WFrBNPT FO TVT WBDBDJPOFT BMMr FO OVFTUSP QVFCMP EF "MCPSBJB EPOEF NF DPOUBCB EF QSJNFSB NBOP TVT WJDFODJBT FO "SHFOUJOB QFSP TPCSF UPEP FSB FO MBT DBSUBT RVF OPT FTDSJCrBNPT EPOEF QPDP B QPDP rCBNPT USB[BOEP NJ USBZFDUPSJB EF FTGVFS[P Z MVDIB QPS DPOTFHVJS VO NVOEP NgT KVTUP Z NgT IVNBOP Z EPOEF nM JCB QPDP B QPDP QSFQBSgOEPNF QBSB FM FODVFOUSP DPO +FTVDSJTUP IBTUB EFTFNCPDBS FO FM 4FNJOBSJP "RVFMMPT BvPT EFWPSn TVT CMJCJPUFDB EF "MCPSBJB Z TBCPSFn DPO GSVJDJwO -B .POUBvB EF MPT TJFUF DrSDVMPT EF 5PNgT .FSUPO FKFNQMBS RVF NF SFHBMw Z VO UPDIP FOPSNF EF MB #"$ TPCSF MB 4BOUB .JTB DSFP RVF EF +VHNBOO (SBDJBT .JHVFM QPS BRVFMMBT DBSUBT -F SFDVFSEP FO MB TBDSJTUrB EF OVFTUSB QBSSPRVJB OBUBM FOTBZBOEP FO MBUrO FM QSFGBDJP DPN|O QBSB DBOUBSMP FO TV .JTB EF "DDJwO EF (SBDJBT QPS TVT #PEBT EF 1MBUB EF MB DVBM OP SFDVFSEP OBEB NgT 4r SFDVFSEP FO DBNCJP TV FOUSBEB Z QSJNFSB .JTB FO 5PSSFOU FO PDUVCSF EF 1PDP UJFNQP EFTQVnT FNQFDn B FTUVEJBS 5FPMPHrB Z FOUSn FO FM 4FNJOBSJP %FTUBDBS EF FTPT BvPT TV DFSDBOrB TV EJTDSFDJwO Z TV DBSJvP BTr DPNP MPT HFTUPT EF WFTUJSNF MB EBMNgUJDB Z MB DBTVMMB FO MBT PSEFOBDJPOFT EF EJgDPOP Z QSFTCrUFSP 1FSP TPCSF UPEP FT TV IPNJMrB FO NJ 1SJNFSB .JTB MB RVF NgT NF JNQBDUB 7FJOUJUSnT BvPT EFTQVnT UPEBWrB SFTVFOB
FO NJ DPSB[wO TV UFTUJNPOJP TPCSF MB PSBDJwO MB JOUJNJEBE DPO FM 4FvPS MB DFSDBOrB B MPT EFNgT QSFTCrUFSPT Z FM TFSWJDJP B MBT DPNVOJEBEFT FTQFDJBMNFOUF B MPT NgT OFDFTJUBEPT (SBDJBT OP FSB SFUwSJDB TJOP 7*%" 1SPOUP FNQF[BNPT B DPNQBSUJS FYQFSJFODJBT Z WBDBDJPOFT Z FT BIr FO FTB DPOWJWFODJB EPOEF rCBNPT DPNQFOFUSgOEPOPT NgT FO IVNBOJEBE Z GSBUFSOJEBE TBDFSEPUBM &M QSJNFS BvP OPT GVJNPT B .POUTFSSBU MMFHBNPT UBSEF B MB DPNJEB Z QBTBNPT MB WFSH FO[B EF UFOFS RVF BUSBWFTBS UPEP FM SFGFDUPSJP IBTUB MB NFTB EFM BCBE TPQPSUBOEP TV NJSBEB TFWFSB &TF ErB FSB FM TBOUP EF VO NPOKF FM QBSF 3PNVBME Z MF TJSWJFSPO VO DPOFKP BM IPSOP Z B MPT EFNgT TPQB EF HBMFUT Z §UPSUJMMB EF ¯EFPT DPO UPNBUF¨ OPTPUSPT DSFrBNPT RVF FSB EF HBNCBT NFOVEP DIBGwO FM EF .JHVFM DVBOEP MP EFTDVCSJw /PT SFUJSBNPT B MBT IBCJUBDJPOFT Z TJO EFDJSOPT OBEB B MBT TFJT EF MB UBSEF OPT FODPOUSBNPT FO VO CBS GVFSB EFM NPOBTUFSJP NVFSUPT EF IBNCSF Z EF SJTB QPS MP PDVSSJEP FO FM SFGFDUPSJP 0USB WF[ FTUBOEP ZP FO 6UJFM OPT rCBNPT IBDJB FM OPSUF EF &TQBvB DVBOEP MMFHw UPEP FOGBEBEP QVFT MP IBCrBO QBSBEP QPS FYDFTP EF WFMPDJEBE Z EJKP RVF rCBNPT B DPOEVDJS UPEP FM WJBKF SFTQFUBOEP SJHVSPTBNFOUF MBT MJNJUBDJPOFT EF WFMPDJEBE TJO QBTBSOPT OJ VO NFUSP :P UPEP TFSJP MF EJKF RVF EF BDVFSEP RVF MMFHBSrBNPT B MPT MVHBSFT DVBOEP GVFTF Z TJO QSJTB "OUFT EF SFDPSSFS LN DBOTBEPT EF RVF OPT QJUBTFO Z TF OPT CVSMBTFO QPS JS B P QPS MB / *** NBOEw B GSFrS FTQgSSBHPT MB PCFEJFODJB DJFHB B MBT QMBDBT Z FNQF[BNPT B DPOEVDJS DPO FM TFOUJEP DPN|O Z IBTUB FM ErB EF IPZ .F FODBOUw FO FTF WJBKF TV FOGBEP &O FTUPT BvPT IFNPT SFBMJ[BEP NVDIPT WJBKFT TPMPT QPS &TQBvB Z FM FYUSBOKFSP |MUJNBNFOUF FSB VOB HP[BEB WJBKBS DPO TV IFSNBOB "NQBSP Z DPO #BSCFUB GVFSPO BVUnOUJDBT FYQFSJFODJBT EF GSBUFSOJEBE EF PSBDJwO EF FODVFOUSPT DPO FM 4FvPS B USBWnT EFM BSUF P EFM QBJTBKF P EF MB N|TJDB OPDIF WPMWJFOEP EFM .POBTUFSJP EF 4JMPT Z QBSBS FM DPDIF QBSB DPOUFNQMBS FM IFSNPTP DJFMP FTUSFMMBEP EF $BTUJMMB FTDVDIBOEP MPT DBOUPT EF MPT NPOKFT &TUBOEP FO 5PSSF¯FM NF PGSFDJw BDPNQBvBS B MPT (SVQPT EF &WBOHFMJ[BDJwO EF MB 1BSSPRVJB 'VFSPO USFT BvPT EF WJWJS DPO nM
EF VOB NBOFSB JOUFOTrTJNB FM NJOJTUFSJP QSFTCJUFSBM +BNgT TF MP QPESn QBHBS DPNP TF MP NFSFDF 1FSP RVJFSP EFTUBDBS TV DFSDBOrB BGFDUVPTB Z GSBUFSOBM 1BSB Nr TJFNQSF IB TJEP Z FT FM IFSNBOP NBZPS RVF SFTQFUBOEP UV MJCFSUBE FTUg TJFNQSF BIr B UV MBEP FO MPT NPNFOUPT EF EPMPS Z TVGSJNJFOUP Z FO MPT NPNFOUPT EF HP[P 4JFNQSF DFSDBOP EJTDSFUP WJWJFOEP Z DPNQBSUJFOEP FM NJOJTUFSJP DPO BMFHSrB FTQFSBO[B F JMVTJwO (SBDJBT TFBO EBEBT B %JPT QPS UFOFS B .JHVFM DPNP QSJNP FO MB TBOHSF Z DPNP IFSNBOP FO FM QSFTCJUFSBEP .JHVFM BM JHVBM RVF .BSrB FOUPOB Z ZP MP IBHP DPOUJHP FM .BHOr¯DBU QVFT FM 4FvPS UF FMJHJw VO ErB QBSB MMFHBS B USBWnT EF UJ B NVMUJUVE EF IPNCSFT Z NVKFSFT .PMUrTTJNFT HShDJFT "E NVMUPT BOOPT
Ú
6OB UBSFB IFDIB EFTEF MB IVNJMEBE Z MB FOUSFHB "HVTUrO "MDBZEF 1BSEP "SDJQSFTUF EF 5PSSFOU
'FMJDJEBEFT EPO .JHVFM QPS FTUF SFDPOPDJNJFOUP RVF UF IBDF FM "ZVOUBNJFOUP Z DPO nM UPEB MB DJVEBEBOrB EF MB DJVEBE 'FMJDJEBEFT Z HSBDJBT QPS UPEP MP RVF IBT IFDIP QPS MB *HMFTJB Z MB DJVEBE EF 5PSSFOU 4J UVWJFSB RVF SFNBSDBS BMHP EF UV WJEB FO 5PSSFOU ZP SFNBSDBSrB UV TFS DSJTUJBOPT UV TFS PUSP $SJTUP FOUSF BRVFMMPT RVF UF SPEFBO DPO MBT BDUJUVEFT EF +FT|T FTDVDIB BDPHJEB DPOTFKP USBOTNJTPS EF QB[ VOJEBE EF DBSJEBE EF FTQJSJUVBMJEBE EF GPNFOUBS MPT UBMFOUPT EF DBEB VOP EF MPT RVF UF IBT FODPOUSBEP Z FO FTQFDJBM EF UVT GFMJHSFTFT 3FNBSDBSrB UBNCJnO UV TBDFSEPDJP UV TFS TJHOP EF VOJEBE EF IFSNBOEBE FOUSF MPT TBDFSEPUFT EF MB DJVEBE EF DPNQBSUJS EF DSFBS QBTUPSBMFT EF DPNVOJwO EFOUSP EFM "SDJQSFTUB[HP Z EF MB %JwDFTJT EF UV HFOFSPTJEBE EF UV TFS DPNQBvFSP EF UV TFS IPNCSF EF %JPT EF PSBDJwO EF 7JEB 3FNBSDBSrB UBNCJnO UV IVNBOJEBE MB RVF MB DJVEBE EF 5PSSFOU BIPSB UF SFDPOPDF QPS UPEB UV MBCPS QPS MB DJVEBEBOrB QPS FTPT USFJOUB BvPT EF JOUFOTB MBCPS QBTUPSBM Z QPS DBEB VOP EF FTUPT ErBT MMFOP EF BNPS QPS DBEB VOP EF MPT RVF WJWFO P WJFOFO B FTUB DJVEBE (SBDJBT EPO .JHVFM TJHVFT TJFOEP VO FTUrNVMP QBSB Nr Z QBSB MPT TBDFSEPUFT QPS UV BSEPS TBDFSEPUBM Z DSJTUJBOP QPS UV DPNQSPNJTP DPO UV GF QPS UPEPT MPT EPOFT RVF %JPT UF IB EBEP 4n RVF FM TBDFSEPUF OP TF KVCJMB Z DSFP RVF BMMr EPOEF FTUnT TFHVJSgT DPNQBSUJFOEP UPEP MP RVF MMFWBT FO UV DPSB[wO DPO MB HFOUF RVF UF OFDFTJUF P RVJFSB DPNQBSUJS TV WJEB 6O BCSB[P NVZ GVFSUF
: GFMJDJUBS B 5PSSFOU FTUF IPNFOBKF FT VO SFDPOPDJNJFOUP B VOB WJEB FOUSFHBEB QPS BNPS B FTUB DJVEBE &TUPZ TFHVSP EF RVF nM TF IB TFOUJEP IJKP EF 5PSSFOU EFTEF FM NPNFOUP FO RVF FOUSw FO MB DJVEBE 2VF FTUF SFDPOPDJNJFOUP TFB VO WFS QPS QBSUF EF MB DJVEBEBOrB EF 5PSSFOU VOB UBSFB IFDIB EFTEF MB IVNJMEBE Z MB FOUSFHB
.JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P FT FM OJvP RVF FTUg EF QJF DPO TV GBNJMJB
&O MB DBUFESBM EF 7BMFODJB FM ErB EF TV PSEFOBDJwO FM EF KVOJP EF
5SBT TV QSJNFSB .JTB DPO TV QBESF Z TV UrB EF KVMJP EF
1SJNFSB .JTB EF KVMJP EF J[RVJFSEB #FTBNBOPT SJUP RVF TF SFBMJ[B BM ¯OBMJ[BS MB QSJNFSB .JTB EF VO TBDFSEPUF Z RVF SFDVFSEB RVF nTUF QVFEF DPOTBHSBS FM 1BO Z FM 7JOP FO MB &VDBSrTUrB EFSFDIB
1SPDFTJwO EF MB QSJNFSB .JTB BSSJCB $PO DPNQBvFSPT TBDFSEPUFT RVF MF BDPNQBvBSPO FO TV QSJNFSB .JTB BCBKP
1SJNFSB QJFESB EFM UFNQMP EF 4BO 'FSOBOEP 3FZ BSSJCB -B QBSSPRVJB EF 4BO 'FSOBOEP TF FTUBCMFDJw FO VO CBKP BCBKP &M EF KVMJP EF .JHVFM -MVDI MMFHB B /BWBMwO QgHJOB BOUFSJPS
*OBVHVSBDJwO Z CFOEJDJwO EF 4BO 'FSOBOEP 3FZ EF NBS[P EF BSSJCB 1SJNFSBT SFVOJPOFT DPO DBUFRVJTUBT EF 4 'FSOBOEP BCBKP
&O QSJNFS UnSNJOP DPO TBDFSEPUFT WBMFODJBOPT FO "SHFOUJOB
1BSSPRVJB EF $SJTUP 0CSFSP FO #VFOPT "JSFT BSSJCB $BWBOEP VOB [BOKB QBSB MPT DJNJFOUPT EF MB QBSSPRVJB $SJTUP 0CSFSP FO #VFOPT "JSFT BCBK &M "S[PCJTQP EF 7BMFODJB .JHVFM 3PDB BQPZw FTUB NJTJwO DPO TV QSFTFODJB EFSFDIB
&OUSPOJ[BDJwO EF VOB JNBHFO EF MB 7JSHFO EF MPT %FTBNQBSBEPT FO #VFOPT "JSFT BSSJCB -F EFEJDBSPO MB 1MB[B .JHVFM -MVDI FO /BWBMwO BCBKP
$PO KwWFOFT TFNJOBSJTUBT FO /BWBMwO
1FSFHSJOBDJwO B 5JFSSB 4BOUB FO KVOUP DPO PUSPT NJFNCSPT EF MB QBSSPRVJB
$PO $BSNFO 5POEB JNQVMTPSB Z NPUPS EFM HSVQP EF &WBOHFMJ[BDJwO FO 5JFSSB 4BOUB
&RVJQP TBDFSEPUBM DPO FM BS[PCJTQP FO FM "OJWFSTBSJP EF MB QSFTFODJB EF MB *HMFTJB FO 5PSSFOU QgHJOBT BOUFSJPSFT $PO FM OVODJP FM BS[PCJTQP TBDFSEPUFT Z TFNJOBSJTUBT BSSJCB %rB EF MB 'BNJMJB FO &VDBSJTUrB QSFTJEJEB QPS FM OVODJP EFM 1BQB NPOTFvPS -BKPT ,BEB BCBKP
7JTJUB BM DBNQBNFOUP FO /PHVFSVFMBT 5FSVFM FO KVOUP B MPT TBDFSEPUFT EF MB QBSSPRVJB % +BWJFS (SBOEF % +PTn 0SUr Z % 3BGBFM #FHVFS BSSJCB 3FDJCJFOEP BM 1BQB #FOFEJDUP 97* FO FM 7 &ODVFOUSP .VOEJBM EF MBT 'BNJMJBT KVOUP B NBUSJNPOJPT EF MB 1BSSPRVJB BCBKP
&M "S[PCJTQP FOUSFHB B % .JHVFM FM BHVB RVF TJNCPMJ[B MB VOJEBE EFM BSDJQSFTUB[HP DPNP VO §5PSSFOU EªBJHVB WJWB¨ 'JFTUB EF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM EF BSSJCB 7rB $SVDJT DPO MB )FSNBOEBE EF MB 'MBHFMBDJwO EFM 4FvPS -VOFT 4BOUP EF BCBKP
$PNVMHBS EF JNQFEJEPT BSSJCB +VOUP B GFMJHSFTFT FO FM $FOUSP .BESF EF MPT %FTBNQBSBEPT BCBKP
&ODVFOUSP (MPSJPTP EF QSFTJEJEP QPS FM BS[PCJTQP % $BSMPT 0TPSP QgHJOB BOUFSJPS $POTFKP EF 1BTUPSBM EF MB 1BSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO EF /VFTUSB 4FvPSB BCBKP *HMFTJB EF MB "TVODJwO EF /VFTUSB 4FvPSB EFSFDIB
-B |MUJNB DFOB DVBESP BUSJCVJEP B (SFHPSJP #BVTB EJTDrQVMP EF +VBO 3JCBMUB QFSUFOFDJFOUF B MB QSFEFMB EFM BOUJHVP SFUBCMP EF MB DBQJMMB EF MB 7JSHFO EFM 3PTBSJP EF MB JHMFTJB EF MB "TVODJwO EF /VFTUSB 4FvPSB EF 5PSSFOU
-B "EPSBDJwO EF MPT QBTUPSFT Z 1SFQBSBUJWPT QBSB MB $SVDJ¯YJwO DVBESPT BUSJCVJEPT B +VBO 3JCBMUB QFSUFOFDJFOUFT B MB QSFEFMB EFM BOUJHVP SFUBCMP EF MB DBQJMMB EF MB 7JSHFO EFM 3PTBSJP EF MB JHMFTJB EF /VFTUSB 4FvPSB EF MB "TVODJwO EF 5PSSFOU
-B 7JSHFO EFM 1xQVM JNBHFO UBMMBEB FO NBEFSB QPMJDSPNBEB EFM T 9*7 EFSFDIB % .JHVFM TFOUBEP FO FM BMUBS NBZPS EF MB JHMFTJB EF MB "TVODJwO EF /VFTUSB 4FvPSB EF 5PSSFOU BCBKP
Ú
§˜1FSP QBSB JS BM DJFMP IBDFO GBMUB UBOUBT SFVOJPOFT Z QSPHSBNBDJPOFT Z SFWJTJPOFT ¨ +PTn -VJT -wQF[ )FSSFSP 1gSSPDP EF /VFTUSB 4FvPSB EF -B 4BMFUB "MEBJB
:B IB MMFHBEP FM NPNFOUP EF RVF NJ RVFSJEP EPO .JHVFM -MVDI IBZB EF EFKBS TV BDUJWJEBE DPNP QgSSPDP EF -B "TVODJwO EF 5PSSFOU : BM FOUFSBSNF EF MB OPUJDJB VOB NVMUJUVE EF SFDVFSEPT Z EF FYQFSJFODJBT QFSTPOBMFT RVF NBSDBSPO NJ WJEB WJFOFO B NJ NFOUF Z B NJ DPSB[wO :P MMFHVn B FTUB QBSSPRVJB DPNP WJDBSJP FO TFQUJFNCSF EF DBSHBEP EF CVFOBT JOUFODJPOFT QFSP UBNCJnO DBSHBEP EF NJFEPT F JODFSUJEVNCSFT 7FOrB BQPZBEP FO MB FYQFSJFODJB Z DBSJvP EF PUSP TBDFSEPUF BNJHP EFTEF NJ JOGBODJB EPO .BOVFM 4PMFS &TQr : NF FODPOUSn DPO VOB QBSSPRVJB NVZ HSBOEF Z DPO NVDIP USBCBKP Z FYJHFODJBT $PNP EPO .BOVFM 4PMFS FSB FOUPODFT UBNCJnO WJDBSJP FQJTDPQBM MBT UBSFBT RVF IBCrBO EF SFDBFS TPCSF Nr FSBO OVNFSPTrTJNBT Z NJ FTGVFS[P UBNCJnO NVZ HSBOEF QBSB SFTQPOEFS BEFDVBEBNFOUF %F FTUB NBOFSB SFDVFSEP NJ QSJNFS DVSTP FO QBSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO 1FSP MB QSPWJEFODJB EF %JPT IJ[P RVF FO FM WFSBOP EF IVCJFSB EF DBNCJBS FM QgSSPDP Z RVF FO FM NFT EF TFQUJFNCSF EF FTF BvP MMFHBSB B SFHJS FTUB NBHOr¯DB IJTUwSJDB Z FKFNQMBS QBSSPRVJB VO OVFWP TBDFSEPUF BM RVF ZP OP DPOPDrB EPO .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P : EF OVFWP FYQFDUBUJWBT F JOUFSSPHBOUFT 3FDVFSEP RVF EFTEF FM QSJODJQJP NF EFTMVNCSw TV HSBOEF[B IVNBOB TVT WJSUVEFT TV CVFOB GPSNBDJwO Z TV CVFO UBMBOUF &O DPODSFUP ZP RVFEn TPSQSFOEJEP QPS TV FOPSNF DBQBDJEBE EF USBCBKP Z EF PSHBOJ[BDJwO 1SPOUP WJ RVF DPO CVFO BDJFSUP DPOWPDBCB Z MMBNBCB B NVDIPT DSJTUJBOPT EF MB QBSSPRVJB EJTUSJCVrB SFTQPOTBCJMJEBEFT Z FODPNFOEBCB NVDIBT UBSFBT GPSNBOEP UBNCJnO HSVQPT RVF IBDrBO GSFOUF B MP NVDIP RVF
TF IBDrB Z RVF TF UFOrB RVF IBDFS FO FTUB HSBO QBSSPRVJB : ZP WFrB Z BQSFOErB RVF DPOUBOEP DPO MB DPMBCPSBDJwO MB CVFOB EJTQPTJDJwO Z MBT HBOBT EF USBCBKP Z EF EBS UFTUJNPOJP DSJTUJBOP QPS QBSUF EF UBOUPT QBSSPRVJBOPT UPSSFOUJOPT UPEP FSB NgT GgDJM NgT MMFWBEFSP IBDJFOEP SFBMJEBE BEFNgT VOB GVFSUF WJEB DPNVOJUBSJB 1PS PUSP MBEP B Nr NF QBSFDF RVF UPEP TF IBDrB NVZ CJFO IFDIP $PO GSFDVFODJB EPO .JHVFM NF IBCMBCB EF TV QBTP Z FYQFSJFODJB FO UJFSSBT BSHFOUJOBT EPOEF FTUVWP WBSJPT BvPT Z FM EJGFSFOUF NPEP EF WJWJS FM FWBOHFMJP FO BRVFMMPT MVHBSFT Z ZP QFOTBCB RVF TFHVSBNFOUF UBNCJnO FTP GVF VOB HSBO BQPSUBDJwO RVF DPNQMFUBCB MB CBTF RVF FODPOUSgCBNPT FO 5PSSFOU DPO UPEB MB IJTUPSJB FYQFSJFODJBT Z SJRVF[BT EF FTUB HSBO QBSSPRVJB B MP MBSHP EF MPT BvPT : BTr TF EFTFOWPMWrBO UPEPT MPT USBCBKPT EF EFOUSP EFM UFNQMP Z EF GVFSB EFM NJTNP &M BQPTUPMBEP Z MB QSFTFODJB DSJTUJBOB FO FTUB QBSUF EF 5PSSFOU TF NBOUFOrBO DPNP IBCrB TJEP FO TV IJTUPSJB Z TF BEBQUBCB B MBT OVFWBT DPOEJDJPOFT EF MPT UJFNQPT QSFTFOUFT : DPO UPEP FMMP ZP JCB BQSFOEJFOEP NVDIP EF DBEB JEFB EF DBEB QBTP EF DBEB BDDJwO EF EPO .JHVFM -MVDI $JFSUP FT RVF UBNCJnO B WFDFT ZP QSPUFTUBCB Z NF RVFKBCB EF MBT NVDIBT SFVOJPOFT RVF FSB QSFDJTP IBDFS : SFDVFSEP RVF MF EFDrB §˜1FSP QBSB JS BM DJFMP IBDFO GBMUB UBOUBT SFVOJPOFT Z QSPHSBNBDJPOFT Z SFWJTJPOFT ¨ : nM TF SFrB DPO FTUBT UPOUFSrBT NrBT 5gDJUBNFOUF TF GVF EJTUSJCVZFOEP MB CBTF EF OVFTUSBT SFTQPOTBCJMJEBEFT Z UBSFBT Z BTr ZP NF GVJ FODBSHBOEP EF NBOFSB QSJODJQBM EFM NVOEP EF MPT BEPMFTDFOUFT Z KwWFOFT Z nM TF FODBSHBCB EF MB DBUFRVFTJT DPO OJvPT Z DPO UPEP MP EFM BQPTUPMBEP EF MPT NgT NBZPSFT : NJT NJFEPT Z WBDJMBDJPOFT EF MB QSJNFSB FUBQB FO MB "TVODJwO TF DPOWJSUJFSPO FO VOB GVFOUF EF TBUJTGBDDJPOFT Z EF FYQFSJFODJBT RVF GVFSPO NBSDBOEP NJ WJEB Z NJ BDDJwO DPNP TBDFSEPUF : UPEPT OPT TFOUrBNPT SFTQFUBEPT RVFSJEPT JMVNJOBEPT Z BOJNBEPT QPS MB HSBO QFSTPOBMJEBE EF FTUF IPNCSF RVF EFKB BIPSB VOB IVFMMB TFHVSBNFOUF EJGrDJM EF DVBOUJ¯DBS
2VJFSP EFKBS DPOTUBODJB BRVr EF MP NVDIP RVF BQSFOEr EF EPO .JHVFM FO MP QFSTPOBM Z FO MBT UBSFBT RVF DPNP TBDFSEPUF EFCrB FO VO GVUVSP FNQSFOEFS Z EFTBSSPMMBS FO VOB QBSSPRVJB B MB RVF %JPT NF FOWJBSB )BO QBTBEP ZB NVDIPT BvPT EF UPEP FTUP QFSP MP DPOTFSWP WJWP Z QSFTFOUF FO Nr Z DPOUJOVBNFOUF EPZ HSBDJBT B %JPT QPS NJ FTUBODJB FO FTUB QBSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO Z QPS UPEP MP RVF JO°VZw FO NJ WJEB FM USBUP Z FM USBCBKP DPO UBOUPT DSJTUJBOPT EF 5PSSFOU :P OP TPZ NgT RVF VO QFRVFvJUP HSBOP FO FTF SJDP F JONFOTP HSBOFSP RVF FT FTUB QBSSPRVJB : EFTFP RVF FO FM GVUVSP FOUSF UPEPT MPT RVF BRVr WJWFO Z MPT RVF WFOHBO DPNP SFTQPOTBCMFT TFBO DBQBDFT EF NBOUFOFS F JODMVTP JODSFNFOUBS MB SJRVF[B FTQJSJUVBM Z IVNBOB Z MB WJEB DSJTUJBOB RVF UBO GVFSUF IB TJEP FO MB IJTUPSJB EF FTUF QVFCMP WBMFODJBOP
Ú
%PO .JHVFM BTVNJw NVDIP NgT USBCBKP QBSB TPMVDJPOBS VO QSPCMFNB EFM $FNFOUFSJP 1BSSPRVJBM "MGPOTP *CgvF[ 1BSEP $VSB 1gSSPDP EF MB 1BSSPRVJB /USB 4SB EF .POUTFSSBU EF 1JDBOZB
.F IBCnJT QFEJEP RVF JOUFOUF QMBTNBS FO FM QBQFM BMHVOPT SFDVFSEPT EF NJT QSJNFSPT BvPT EF TBDFSEPDJP RVF UVWF MB TVFSUF EF DPNQBSUJS DPO EPO .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P -MFHVn B MB "TVODJwO B QSJODJQJPT EF TFQUJFNCSF EF IBDrB EPT NFTFT RVF IBCrB SFDJCJEP FM PSEFO TBDFSEPUBM Z SFDVFSEP RVF NJ QSJNFSB JNQSFTJwO EF MB 1BSSPRVJB GVF MB HSBO DBOUJEBE EF HFOUF RVF TF NPWrB BMSFEFEPS EF FMMB OJvPT KwWFOFT BEVMUPT .F FODPOUSn DPO VO QgSSPDP RVF BQBSFOUFNFOUF FSB NBZPS DPO QFMP CMBODP BTr MP QBSFDrB QFSP BTPNCSPTBNFOUF EJOgNJDP $PO TV BHFOEB TJFNQSF CBKP EFM CSB[P FTUBCB QSFTFOUF FO UPEB MB WJEB DPNVOJUBSJB Z TJFNQSF UFOrB UJFNQP QBSB EFEJDBSMP BM FODVFOUSP QFSTPOBM DPO BRVFMMPT RVF TF MP QFErBO Z DPO DBEB VOP EF MPT SFTQPOTBCMFT EF MB NBSDIB QBTUPSBM .VDIPT FTGVFS[PT IFNPT DPNQBSUJEP FO MB 1BSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO QFSP TJ TF NF QJEF RVF TVCSBZF BMHVOP FO FTQFDJBM OP QVFEP EFKBS EF NFODJPOBS FM $FNFOUFSJP 1BSSPRVJBM Z MB QBTUPSBM EF KwWFOFT &O EFTQVnT EF VOPT ErBT EF JOUFOTBT MMVWJBT DPODSFUBNFOUF MB NBvBOB EFM EF BCSJM GFTUJWJEBE EF TBO .BSDPT DVBOEP OPT EJSJHrBNPT DPNP UPEBT MBT NBvBOBT B EFTBZVOBS KVOUPT FM DPDIF EFM FOUFSSBEPS EFM $FNFOUFSJP 1BSSPRVJBM TF DSV[w EFMBOUF EF OPTPUSPT EgOEPOPT MB UFSSJCMF OPUJDJB VO QBCFMMwO EF OJDIPT FO FTB OPDIF TF IBCrB WFOJEP BCBKP " QBSUJS EF FTF NPNFOUP IVCP RVF QPOFS FO NBSDIB UPEPT MPT SFDVSTPT UnDOJDPT Z IVNBOPT QBSB TPMVDJPOBS FM QSPCMFNB 1FSP DPO MP RVF OP DPOUgCBNPT FSB DPO MB SFBDDJwO QPQVMBS $VgOUP TVGSJNJFOUP TVQVTP BRVFM BDPOUFDJNJFOUP QPS VOB QBSUF B MPT GBNJMJBSFT EF MPT EJGVOUPT
RVF SFWJWrBO MB QnSEJEB EF TVT TFSFT RVFSJEPT Z RVF TF NBOJGFTUw DPO VOB HSBO JODPNQSFOTJwO QPS MP PDVSSJEP Z IBDJB BRVFMMPT RVF FTUBCBO BM GSFOUF EF MB 1BSSPRVJB QPS PUSB EPO .JHVFM TVGSrB MB JNQPUFODJB BOUF MB TJUVBDJwO BVORVF TF FTUBCBO FNQMFBOEP UPEPT SFDVSTPT EF MB 1BSSPRVJB FO TPMVDJPOBS SgQJEBNFOUF FM QSPCMFNB MPT BGFDUBEPT OP BDBCBCBO EF FOUFOEFSMP Z BDFQUBSMP 3FDVFSEP BRVFMMBT BTBNCMFBT UFOTBT BRVFMMBT SFBDDJPOFT EF BMHVOPT DVBOEP OPT WFrBO QPS MB DBMMFž ™2Vn EJGrDJM GVF UPEP (SBDJBT B %JPT BRVFMMP QVEP TPMVDJPOBSTF Z KVOUP B MB EJ¯DVMUBE WJOP UBNCJnO FM SFHBMP EFM DJFMP MB 1BSSPRVJB TVT HFOUFT DSFDJFSPO FO DPNQSPNJTP QBTUPSBM Z FO DBSJvP IBDJB TVT DVSBT %BEP RVF OPTPUSPT OP QPErBNPT EFEJDBSOPT NgT RVF BM $FNFOUFSJP GVFSPO MPT TFHMBSFT RVJFOFT BTVNJFSPO MB NBSDIB QBTUPSBM DPO FM ¯SNF QSPQwTJUP EF RVF OP TF EFKBTF EF IBDFS OBEB EF MP NVDIP RVF TF IBDrB Z FO UBOUP RVF OPT WJFSPO TVGSJS OP EFKBSPO EF IBDFSOPT MMFHBS TV DBSJvP Z DFSDBOrB 0USP HSBO SFUP RVF BTVNJNPT GVF MB PSHBOJ[BDJwO EF MB QBTUPSBM EF KVWFOUVE RVFSrBNPT EBS SFTQVFTUB B MBT OFDFTJEBEFT EF MPT KwWFOFT RVF TF BDFSDBCBO B MB 1BSSPRVJB Z BEFNgT DSFrBNPT FO FMMPT OP TwMP FSBO FM QSFTFOUF TJOP UBNCJnO FM GVUVSP EF MB *HMFTJB ™$VgOUBT SFVOJPOFT DVgOUPT QMBOFT DVgOUB HFOUF SF°FYJPOBOEP FO BRVFMMPT ErBT TPCSF MP RVF IBDFS Z FM DBNJOP B UPNBSž &TP Tr UPEP FMMP GVF QPTJCMF QPSRVF EPO .JHVFM BTVNJw NVDIP NgT USBCBKP EFM RVF ZB MMFWBCB QBSB RVF FM WJDBSJP QBSSPRVJBM TF EFEJDBTF B MPT KwWFOFT OP MF JNQPSUw RVFEBSTF NVDIBT WFDFT TwMP FO MB 1BSSPRVJB DPO UBM RVF MB QBTUPSBM EF JOGBODJB Z KVWFOUVE DSFDJFTF Z TF FTUSVDUVSBTF 1PS OP FYUFOEFSNF NgT TwMP EFDJS RVF FO EPO .JHVFM FODPOUSBNPT VO FYDFQDJPOBM TBDFSEPUF VO CVFO QBTUPS Z VO BNJHP RVF BNB B MPT RVF TF MF BDFSDBO Z RVF IB EFEJDBEP NgT EF MB NJUBE EF TV WJEB TBDFSEPUBM B FYUFOEFS FM SFJOP EF %JPT FO 5PSSFOU TJO JNQPSUBSMF MPT FTGVFS[PT RVF FTUP TVQVTJFTF &O EF¯OJUJWB §™VO IPNF EF Cn VO HSBO DSJTUJh J VO QBTUPS CP ¨
%PO .JHVFM -MVDI TBDFSEPUF "SUVSP 3PT .VSHBEBT 1gSSPDP EF 3FRVFOB
5VT TBDFSEPUFT 4FvPS BM FOUSFHBS TV WJEB QPS UJ Z QPS MB TBM WBDJwO EF MPT IFSNBOPT WBO DPO¯HVSgOEPTF B $SJTUP Z IBO EF EBSUF BTr UFTUJNPOJP DPOTUBOUF EF ¯EFMJEBE Z BNPS &M NBZPS Z NFKPS DPNQSPNJTP EF MB WJEB EF VO TBDFSEPUF FT SFTQPOEFS DPO ¯EFMJEBE BM EPO SFDJCJEP /VFTUSB GFMJDJEBE FT GSVUP EF MB FOUSFHB Z EFM TFSWJDJP &M QBTP EF MPT BvPT Z EF MBT FYQFSJFODJBT OPT WB DPO¯HVSBOEP Z QVMJFOEP QBSB RVF OVFTUSB WJEB TFB DMBSBNFOUF MP RVF %JPT RVJFSB %PO .JHVFM FT 4BDFSEPUF %JPT MP IB QSJWJMFHJBEP Z nM MP TBCF 1PS FTP B MP MBSHP EF UPEB TV WJEB TBDFSEPUBM IB SFTQPOEJEP DPO ¯EFMJEBE Z HFOFSPTJEBE : MP TFHVJSg IBDJFOEP TJO EVEB BMHVOB IBTUB FM |MUJNP TVTQJSP EF TV WJEB "GPSUVOBEBNFOUF EPO .JHVFM FT EF MPT RVF QJFOTB Z EFNVFTUSB RVF FM TBDFSEPUF OP TF NJEF QPS TVT UrUVMPT OJ IPOPSFT OJ SFDPOPDJNJFOUPT cM FT FM IPNCSF TBDFSEPUF RVF CVTDB BHSBEBS B %JPT FO UPEBT TVT BDDJPOFT Z RVF CVTDB DFMPTBNFOUF FM SPTUSP EF %JPT FO UPEBT MBT QFSTPOBT RVF MF SPEFBO &TUPT USFJOUB BvPT EF TFSWJDJP B MB *HMFTJB FO MB $PNVOJEBE $SJTUJBOB EF -B "TVODJwO EF /USB 4SB EF 5PSSFOU TPO VOB CFMMB NVFTUSB EF TV IPOEVSB FTQJSJUVBM Z EF VOB NBEVSF[ CJFO DJNFOUBEB Z GVOEBNFOUBEB FO $SJTUP 1BTUPS -P QVEF DPNQSPCBS FO N|MUJQMFT PDBTJPOFT QFSP FTQFDJBMNFOUF FO MB DFMFCSBDJwO EF MB 4BOUB .JTB DPNP B nM MF HVTUB EFDJS RVF TJFNQSF DFMFCSB DPO UBOUB EFWPDJwO $PNQBSUr DPO nM NJT QSJNFSPT BvPT EF TBDFSEPDJP FOUSF Z 5VWF MB TVFSUF EF TFOUJSNF BDPNQBvBEP QPS CVFOPT
NBFTUSPT EPO .JHVFM EPO +PTn 0SUr Z EPO 3BGBFM #FHVFS -MFHVn B MB 1BSSPRVJB EF -B "TVODJwO DPO MBT JORVJFUVEFT EF VO DVSB SFDJnO FTUSFOBEP Z FODPOUSn VOB $PNVOJEBE $SJTUJBOB HSBOEF Z WJHPSPTB MMFOB EF HFOUF CVFOB Z TFSJBNFOUF DPNQSPNFUJEB &T WFSEBE RVF FM USBCBKP FSB EFTCPSEBOUF Z NVZ TVQFSJPS B NJT QPTJCJMJEBEFT QFSP DPOUBCB DPO MB BZVEB Z MBT JOEJDBDJPOFT EF EPO .JHVFM QBSB TBCFS FM DBNJOP RVF UFOrB RVF SFDPSSFS 6OP EF MPT QSJNFSPT FODBSHPT RVF TF NF IJDJFSPO GVF MB C|TRVFEB EF VO OVFWP MVHBS QBSB MPT DBNQBNFOUPT EF WFSBOP Z RVF BDBCw TJFOEP MB MMBNBEB .BTrB EF +BJNF +VBO FO /PHVFSVFMBT 5FSVFM "MMr QBTn MBSHBT UFNQPSBEBT FO MPT WFSBOPT TVDFTJWPT Z EF FTBT FYQFSJFODJBT HVBSEP SFDVFSEPT CFMMrTJNPT F JNCPSSBCMFT (SBDJBT B MB DPO¯BO[B EF EPO .JHVFM UVWF MB PDBTJwO EF BQSFOEFS NVDIP KVOUP B MPT OJvPT MPT KVOJPST MPT DPO¯SNBOEPT MPT KVWFOJMFT Z UBNCJnO DPO UBOUBT QFSTPOBT RVF IBDrBO QPTJCMF FM NJMBHSP EF DBEB DBNQBNFOUP 'VFSPO FO EF¯OJUJWB BvPT EF BQSFOEJ[BKF RVF BIPSB BHSB EF[DP EF UPEP DPSB[wO Z RVF IBO TJEP GVOEBNFOUBMFT QBSB FM EFTBSSPMMP Z DSFDJNJFOUP EF NJ WJEB TBDFSEPUBM 5PEP FTF UJFNQP RVF DPOTFSWP WJWP FO MB NFNPSJB FTUVWP NBSDBEP QPS MB GPSNB EF WJWJS FM TBDFSEPDJP EF EPO .JHVFM 5PEPT MPT BDPOUFDJNJFOUPT WJWJEPT MPT GFMJDFT Z UBNCJnO MPT USJTUFT NF BZVEBSPO TJO EVEB B DSFDFS FO FM BNPS B %JPT Z B MB *HMFTJB -B TBOUJEBE TBDFSEPUBM B MB RVF FTUBNPT MMBNBEPT UPEPT MPT DVSBT UJFOF RVF TFS VO WJWP SF°FKP EF +FTVDSJTUP OVFTUSP .BFTUSP &TF FT FM DBNJOP Z MB NFUB EF EPO .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P &TF FT FM SFHBMP EF MPT RVF IFNPT DPNQBSUJEP Z TFHVJSFNPT DPNQBSUJFOEP MB WJEB TBDFSEPUBM DPO nM (SBDJBT
§&M 4FvPS IB FTUBEP HSBOEF DPO OPTPUSPT¨ +BWJFS (SBOEF #BMMFTUFSPT 3FDUPS EFM 4FNJOBSJP .FOPS EF 9hUJWB
7FJOUJDVBUSP BvPT SFDJnO DVNQMJEPT USFT NFTFT EF TBDFSEPUF QSJNFS EFTUJOP EF DBQJUBM DBTUFMMBOP IBCMBOUF DPO DBSB EF OJvPž OP TJHP QPSRVF MB IVNJMEBE OP NF EB QBSB UBOUP NF QSFTFOUP VO EF TFQUJFNCSF FO MB TFDSFUBSrB QBSSPRVJBM B DPOPDFS B NJ OVFWP DVSB EFM RVF IBCrB PrEP IBCMBS NVDIP QPS NJ QgSSPDP EPO .BOVFM 1MBOB Z QPS NJ DPOEJTDrQVMP .BOPMP 0SUr QFSP RVF TwMP MP IBCrB TBMVEBEP VOB WF[ FO NJ WJEB "M BCSJS MB QVFSUB TBMF EPO .JHVFM EFM EFTQBDIP DPO MPT CSB[PT BCJFSUPT MMBNgOEPNF EPO +BWJFS Z EJDJnOEPNF §#FOEJUP FM RVF WJFOF FO OPNCSF EFM 4FvPS¨ $PO FTUP EPO .JHVFM -MVDI TF IBCrB QSFTFOUBEP EF NBOFSB FYDFQDJPOBM QPSRVF TJ EFTUBDBSB USFT DPTBT EF nM TFSrBO FO SFGFSFODJB B FTUF HFTUP 1SJNFSP -B BDPHJEB Z MB C|TRVFEB EF MB DPNVOJwO %FTEF FTF QSJNFS BCSB[P TJFNQSF IF TFOUJEP FO EPO .JHVFM VOB HSBO BDPHJEB B Nr Z B UBOUBT QFSTPOBTž JS DPO nM QPS MB DBMMF NF JNBHJOP RVF TFHVJSg JHVBM FT OP MMFHBS B OJOH|O TJUJP IBZ VO TBMVEP QBSB DBEB QFSTPOB VOB QBMBCSB Z VO HFTUP BQSPQJBEP QBSB UPEPT Z UPEPT FT UPEPT ZB RVF FO BvPT IB IBCJEP TJUVBDJPOFT NVZ EVSBT FO MBT RVF MB HFOUF IB UPNBEP QPTJDJPOBNJFOUPT DMBSPT Z BCTVSEPT Z RVF FO FM DPSB[wO EF EPO .JHVFM GVFSPO QFSEPOBEPT /VODB VO SFQSPDIF OVODB VO DPNFOUBSJP OVODB VO EFTQSFDJPž -B DPNVOJwO FT FO TV WJEB MB NgYJNB GVOEBNFOUBM DPNVOJwO FO MB QBSSPRVJB FO FM BSDJQSFTUB[HP FOUSF MPT TBDFSEPUFT DPO MBT SFMJHJPTBT FO MB EJwDFTJT FO MB JHMFTJB FO FM QVFCMPž -B DPNVOJwO DPNP QSJODJQJP GVOEBNFOUBM
" QFTBS EF FTUP Z UBM WF[ TFB MP NgT TPSQSFOEFOUF FT MB DBQBDJEBE QBSB DPNQBHJOBS MB DPNVOJwO DPO MB MJCFSUBE #VTDBS USBCBKBS FNQFvBSTF QPS MB DPNVOJwO OVODB TVQVTP EFKBS EF TFS MJCSF EF IBDFS EFDJS Z MVDIBS QPS MP RVF DSFrB KVTUP Z CVFOP QBSB 5PSSFOU ˜2VJnO OP IB UFOJEP VO FODPOUSPOB[P DPO BMHVOB §DBCF[POFSrB¨ EF EPO .JHVFM ˜2VJnO OP IB UFOJEP RVF DFEFS BOUF TV QFSTFWFSBODJB ˜2VJnO OP IB TVGSJEP TV §ZP QFOTn RVFž¨ QFSP RVn DBQBDJEBE QBSB IBDFS RVF FTP OP SPNQJFSB MB TFOTBDJwO EF TFOUJSTF BDPHJEP RVFSJEP Z FO DPNVOJwO 5BM WF[ FTUB FT MB WFSEBEFSB DPNVOJwO MB §POUPMwHJDB DPNVOJwO¨ DPNP MF HVTUB EFDJS B nM MB RVF TF DPOTUSVZF EFTEF MB MJCFSUBE EFTEF MB WFSEBE Z MB KVTUJDJB Z OP EFTEF PUSBT QFSTQFDUJWBT 4FHVOEP -B DBQBDJEBE EF TBDBS EF MB OBEB BMHP P NFKPS BMHVJFO TJO EFKBS RVF MB NFEJPDSJEBE MB SVUJOB P FM EFTgOJNP QVEJFSB FOUSBS FO MB WJEB QBSSPRVJBM &TF DSrP EF BvPT BTVTUBEP FO MB TFDSFUBSrB QBSSPRVJBM EF SFQFOUF FSB §EPO +BWJFS¨ DSFP RVF FSB MB QSJNFSB WF[ RVF NF MMBNBCBO BTr QFSP FTF FT EPO .JHVFM QPOJFOEP EFTEF FM QSJODJQJP MBT DPTBT FO TV TJUJP Z IBDJFOEP EF §FM DSrP OPWBUP¨ WJDBSJP EF MB "TVODJwO $VgOUBT QFSTPOBT RVF VOP QFOTBCB RVF OP EBCBO QBSB NgT Z nM OP TF IB EBEP QPS WFODJEP §+BWJFS DSJEB¨ §RVFEB FO FMM¨ 1FSP EPO .JHVFM TJ OP RVJFSF TJ QBTB EF UPEP¨ ¥ §UV QBSMB¨ž $VgOUBT BDDJPOFT RVF QBSFDrBO JNQPTJCMFT -BT DBUFRVFTJT EFM (SBO +VCJMFP EFM -B .BSF EF %nV EFM 1wQVM MB DBUFRVFTJT GBNJMJBS MPT DVSTJMMPT QSFNBUSJNPOJBMFT MPT FRVJQPT EF NBUSJNPOJPT MPT FRVJQPT EF OPWJPT FM DFOUSP EF ErB EF JONJHSBOUFT BQPZBEP QPS FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP FM DFOUSP .BESF EF MPT %FTBNQBSBEPT FM HSVQP EF FWBOHFMJ[BDJwOž /P IBDF GBMUB RVF TJHB WFSEBEž TPO VOB SFBMJEBE FO MB RVF IB TJEP DBQB[ EF JOWPMVDSBSOPT B UPEPT Tr P Tr Z RVF IPZ BM NJSBSMBT OPT QBSFDFO VO TVFvP &T JNQSFTJPOBOUF BVORVF B WFDFT TFB §BHPUBEPS¨ WFS DPNP FTB DBCF[B OP QBSB Z OP EFKB RVF OBEB QBSF QPSRVF OBEB QVFEF
DPOGPSNBSTF DPO QPDP %JPT OPT IB TPvBEP NgT MJCSFT NgT KVTUPT NgT DPNQSPNFUJEPT NgT BNJHPT TVZPTž Z TJ FM TVFvP EF %JPT FT RVF FM IPNCSF 7*7" OP QPEFNPT QBSBS 5FSDFSP -B NJSBEB DSFZFOUF EF UPEBT MBT DPTBT §#FOEJUP FM RVF WJFOF FO OPNCSF EFM 4FvPS¨ ˜2VJnO FSB FTF .JSn B VO MBEP Z B PUSP Z TwMP FTUBCB ZP ™:P QVFT Tr EPO .JHVFM TVQP UFOFS VOB NJSBEB DSFZFOUF EF FTF NPNFOUP 1PErB IBCFSTF RVFEBEP FO MP BOFDEwUJDP FO MP QSPUPDPMBSJP ˜$wNP FTUgT ˜2Vn UF IB QBSFDJEP FM OPNCSBNJFOUP QFSP DPNP TJFNQSF FM HPM MP NFUJw QPS BSSJCB §&SFT TBDFSEPUF¨ §WJFOFT FO OPNCSF EFM 4FvPS¨ §˜RVn UFNFT ¨ %F nM NF MMFWn NVDIBT DPTBT B 9hUJWB EF IFDIP BIPSB RVF TF WJFOF nM BRVr DSFP RVF FOUFOEFSgO NVDIBT EF NJT NBOFSBT Z GPSNBT NBM JNJUBEBT Z EFTDVCSJSgO RVJnO FT FM DVMQBCMF 1FSP VOB EF MBT NgT JNQPSUBOUFT FT MB EF EFTDVCSJS DBEB ErB NJ IJTUPSJB DPNP IJTUPSJB EF TBMWBDJwO 3FDPOPDFS MB QSFTFODJB EF %JPT FO FM ErB B ErB EF NJ WJEB FO NFEJP EF UPEP TPTUFOJnOEPMP UPEP Z BOJNgOEPMP UPEP &TUF FT FM TFDSFUP EF EPO .JHVFM Z TJO EVEB BMHVOB MP NgT JNQPSUBOUF )PZ BM VOJSNF BM BDUP EF TV OPNCSBNJFOUP EF )JKP "EPQUJWP EF 5PSSFOU DSFP RVF OP FT B nM B RVJFO IPOSBNPT TJOP B RVJFO VOB WF[ NgT IB NBOUFOJEP TV QSPNFTB EF EBSOPT TBDFSEPUFT TFH|O TV DPSB[wO QPS FTP HSBDJBT 4FvPS QPS UV PTBErB QPS RVFSFS NBOJGFTUBSUF FO MB EFCJMJEBE EF MB IVNBOJEBE TBDFSEPUBM QPS EBSOPT QBTUPSFT TFH|O UV DPSB[wO &OIPSBCVFOB 5PSSFOU QPS FTUF OVFWP IJKP RVF OBDF IBCJFOEP BQPSUBEP UBOUP B FTUB DJVEBE Z DVZPT GSVUPT HFOFSBDJPOFT EF UPSSFOUJOPT EJTGSVUBSgO Z USBORVJMPT RVF FO 9hUJWB MP DVJEBSFNPT NVZ CJFO §&M 4FvPS IB FTUBEP HSBOEF DPO OPTPUSPT Z FTUBNPT BMFHSFT¨
Ú
4FNCMBO[B EF VO BNJHP +FT|T (JSwO *[RVJFSEP 1BSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO
)BDF PDIP BvPT MMFHVn B MB 1BSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO &OUPODFT UFOrB WFJOUJOVFWF BvPT Z WFOrB DPNP TFNJOBSJTUB QBSB BQSFOEFS B TFS DVSB -B WFSEBE FT RVF OP NF JNBHJOBCB RVF JCB B UFOFS UBO CVFO NBFTUSP $VBOEP NF QSFTFOUn B EPO .JHVFM NF QBSFDJw VO IPNCSF TFSJP Z NVZ BGBCMF 5VWF MB TVFSUF EF FTUBS DPO nM Z DPO EPO +BWJFS EVSBOUF EPT BvPT RVF GVFSPO GVOEBNFOUBMFT FO NJ GPSNBDJwO DPNP QBTUPS Z QVEF JS DPOPDJFOEP NgT EF DFSDB TV QFSTPOB Z TV GPSNB EF WJWJS FM NJOJTUFSJP TBDFSEPUBM 4JO FNCBSHP OP MMFHVn B EFTDVCSJS UPEP MP RVF EPO .JHVFM FSB IBTUB RVF GVJ PSEFOBEP TBDFSEPUF Z USBT MB NBSDIB EF EPO +BWJFS TF NF QJEJw RVF NF RVFEBSB DPNP WJDBSJP QBSSPRVJBM %VSBOUF FTUPT TFJT BvPT DPNP WJDBSJP IF QPEJEP DPNQBSUJS DPO nM NJ NJOJTUFSJP ZB DPNP IFSNBOP QFSP TJO EFKBS EF TFS QBSB Nr VO NBFTUSP RVF NF IB FOTFvBEP B BNBS BM 4FvPS DPO UPEBT MBT GVFS[BT Z B MPT EFNgT NgT RVF B VOP NJTNP )B TJEP VO NPEFMP FO FOUSFHB TJO SFTFSWBT EF USBCBKP TJO DBOTBODJP EF SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE EF EJTDSFDJwO Z EF QSFPDVQBDJwO QPS UPEPT MPT EF DFSDB Z MPT EF MFKPT %PO .JHVFM FT VO IPNCSF RVF TF IB ¯BEP EF %JPT RVF IB FYQFSJNFOUBEP QSPGVOEBNFOUF TV BNPS Z TF IB UPNBEP NVZ FO TFSJP TV NJTJwO EF QBTUPS ™2Vn DBQBDJEBE QBSB EJSJHJS DPPSEJOBS EFMFHBS Z QPOFS FO NBSDIB B UPEP FM NVOEP $VBOEP IB DSFrEP FO BMHP IB TFHVJEP IBTUB FM ¯OBM TJO EFTBOJNBSTF QBSB TPSQSFTB Z BHPUBNJFOUP EF MPT RVF IFNPT JOUFOUBEP TFHVJSMF 6OB EF MBT DPTBT RVF NgT NF IB MMBNBEP MB BUFODJwO EF nM IB TJEP TV DBQBDJEBE QBSB NBOUFOFS MB DBMNB FO MPT NPNFOUPT
EJGrDJMFT TJO MFWBOUBS OVODB MB WP[ TJO FOGBEBSTF DVBOEP UFOrB NPUJWPT QBSB FMMP NBOUFOJFOEP FTB TPOSJTB QJDBSPOB QPSRVF TBCF RVF WB B DPOTFHVJS DPO CVFOBT GPSNBT MP RVF TF QSPQPOHB 0USB DPTB RVF TJFNQSF NF IB MMBNBEP MB BUFODJwO FT TV QSVEFODJB Z EJTDSFDJwO $SFP RVF FT MB QFSTPOB NgT EJTDSFUB RVF IF DPOPDJEP KBNgT *ODMVTP UFOJFOEP VOB DPO¯BO[B UPUBM DPONJHP QBSB UPEP IB TJEP DBQB[ EF NBOUFOFS VOB DPO¯EFODJB EF PUSB QFSTPOB QPS SFTQFUP B TV DPO¯BO[B ™2Vn NBSBWJMMB TFS BTr FO FTUPT UJFNQPT EF DIJTNFT Z DPNFOUBSJPT CBSBUPT Z TVQFS¯DJBMFT 1PS |MUJNP TJFNQSF NF IB JNQSFTJPOBEP TV FTQrSJUV NJTJPOFSP RVF MF IB MMFWBEP B UFOFS VOB IPOEB QSFPDVQBDJwO QPS MPT NgT BMFKBEPT Z VOB HSBO TFOTJCJMJEBE QPS MPT QSPCMFNBT TPDJBMFT QPMrUJDPT Z DVMUVSBMFT EF MB HFOUF EFM QVFCMP $SFP RVF EPO .JHVFM IB TJEP VO SFHBMP EF %JPT QBSB MB QBSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO QBSB UPEP FM "SDJQSFTUB[HP EF 5PSSFOU Z QPS TVQVFTUP QBSB Nr (SBDJBT IFSNBOP NBFTUSP Z BNJHP
-B USPCBMMB J FM SFUPSO EF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM "ESJh #FTw 3PT %FQBSUBNFOU Eª)JTUxSJB EF Mª"SU 6OJWFSTJUBU EF 7BMoODJB
-B .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM nT VOB FTDVMUVSB HxUJDB FO GVTUB QPMJDSPNBEB EF MB 7FSHF BNC Mª*OGBOU EBUBEB FO FM TFHMF 9*7 RVF DPN BQVOUFO EJWFSTPT BVUPST QPUTFS GwSB MB UJUVMBS EFM QSJNFS UFNQMF QBSSPRVJBM " MªBSYJV EF Mª"TTVNQDJw FT DPOTFSWFO QPRVFT SFGFSoODJFT EPDVNFOUBMT RVF FT SFGFSJTRVFO B MB JNBUHF FOUSF MFT RVBMT EFTUBRVFN MªFYQFEJFOU EF QSnTUFD RVF FT WB SFBMJU[BS BNC NPUJV EF MB NPTUSB EªBSU SFUSPTQFDUJV SFBMJU[BEB FO Mª&YQPTJDJw 3FHJPOBM 7BMFODJBOB EF MªBOZ 6OT BOZT NnT UBSE QFSx MB JNBUHF FT WB EPOBS QFS QFSEVEB EVSBOU FMT JODFOEJT EF MB (VFSSB $JWJM UBM DPN JOEJDB 7JDFOU #FHVFS FO FMT TFVT USFCBMMT J DPN DPOTUB FO VOB IJTUxSJB EF MªBSU WBMFODJh QVCMJDBEB EFM &M SFMBU EF MB USPCBMMB WB DPNFOmBS MªBOZ BNC NPUJV EF MªFODhSSFD EªFTDSJVSF MB IJTUxSJB EF MB QBSSxRVJB EF Mª"TTVNQDJw PO WBJH MPDBMJU[BS VOB GPUP EF MB JNBUHF EFTBQBSFHVEB B Mª"SYJV EF MB %JQVUBDJw EF 7BMoODJB $PN RVF FSB FM QSJNFS FTUVEJ BNQMJ RVF SFBMJU[BWB DPN B MMJDFODJBU SFDFOU FM WBJH EPOBS B SFWJTBS B %BOJFM #FOJUP (PFSMJDI QSPGFTTPS EF MB 'BDVMUBU BNC RVJ IBWJB DPOTFSWBU NPMU CPOB SFMBDJw RVJ TPSQSFOFOUNFOU FN WB JOEJDBS RVF MB JNBUHF OP IBWJB EFTBQBSFHVU RVF FODBSB FYJTUJB J FT USPCBWB FO VOB WJUSJOB EFM .VTFV $BUFESBMJDJ J %JPDFTh "MMh WBJH BOBS BNC MB GPUP B MB Nh J QFS NPMU RVF MB NJSBWB J SFNJSBWB FGFDUJWBNFOU FT USBDUBWB EF MB NBUFJYB JNBUHF &O BRVFMM NPNFOU UPU FT WB RVFEBS FO MB TBUJTGBDDJw EªIBWFS USPCBU VOB JNQPSUBOU PCSB EªBSU QFSUBOZFOU B 5PSSFOU RVF FT EPOBWB QFS QFSEVEB 1FSx MB IJTUxSJB EFM SFUPSO Un FMT TFVT PSrHFOT MªBOZ BNC NPUJV EF MB QSFQBSBDJw EF MªFYQPTJDJw &M MMFHBU BSUrTUJD EF Mª&THMnTJB B 5PSSFOU PSHBOJU[BEB QFS Mª0CSB 4PDJBM EF MB
$". QFS B MB QSFTFOUBDJw EF MB SFTUBVSBDJw EªVOT MMFOmPT RVF IBWJB QBUSPDJOBU &MT JNQMJDBUT FO MB QSFQBSBDJw WBN QFOTBS RVF TFSJB VOB CPOB PQPSUVOJUBU FO VOB FYQPTJDJw EªBRVFTUFT DBSBDUFSrTUJRVFT TPM²MJDJUBS FM QSnTUFD UFNQPSBM EF MB JNBUHF QFS UBM RVF QPHVFSB GPSNBS OF QBSU "JYr MJ IP WBN DPNVOJDBS B %PO .JHVFM RVJ WB BDDFEJS EF CPO HSBU B EFNBOBS MB B MB DBUFESBM QFSx WB USPCBS MB OFHBUJWB DPN B SFTQPTUB %BWBOU EªBRVFTUT GFUT FO VOB UFSU|MJB FM EJB EF MB JOBVHVSBDJw FO RVo FTUhWFN .BOPMP 0MNPT ¥DPNJTTBSJ EF MªFYQPTJDJw¥ +PTFQ 'FSSrT ¥FO BRVFMM NPNFOU EJSFDUPS UFSSJUPSJBM EF Mª0CSB 4PDJBM EF MB $".¥ J MªBMFTIPSFT SFHJEPS EF $VMUVSB "MGSFE %PNrOHVF[ WBN DPNVOJDBS B % .JHVFM RVF QPUTFS FSB MªIPSB EF TPM²MJDJUBS OF FM SFUPSO B 5PSSFOU &MM WB DPNFOUBS RVF DPN RVF FT USBDUBWB EªVO BTTVNQUF FOUSF JOTUJUVDJPOT FDMFTJhTUJRVFT QBSSxRVJB DBUFESBM J "SRVFCJTCBU QSFGFSJB JOJDJBS MFT HFTUJPOT EFT EFM NBSD QBSSPRVJBM J TJ FO FM GVUVS FSB OFDFTTBSJ EFNBOBSJB FM TVQPSU EF Mª"KVOUBNFOU J EªBMUSFT JOTUJUVDJPOT RVF TªIBWJFO PGFSJU B DPM²MBCPSBS -B UBTDB RVF IBWJB BTTVNJU OP FSB HFOT GhDJM "NC Mª&THMnTJB IBWJB UPQBU J NBJ NJMMPS EJU 5PU J RVF FT USBDUBWB EªVOB QFUJDJw SBPOBEB J KVTUJ¯DBEB QPUTFS UPUT IP WnJFN DPN VO RVBTJ JNQPTTJCMF UPU DPOTJEFSBOU MFT OPNCSPTFT SFDMBNBDJPOT RVF IBWJFO GFU BMHVOFT QBSSxRVJFT FO SFMBDJw B MB SFDVQFSBDJw EªBOUJDT PCKFDUFT EF DVMUF MFT RVBMT USPCBSFO TFNQSF FM TJMFODJ P MB OFHBUJWB NnT SPUVOEB QFS SFTQPTUB 7BN QSFQBSBS VO EPTTJFS BNC FMT FTDBTTPT EPDVNFOUT RVF QSPWBWFO RVF MB JNBUHF IBWJB FTUBU B 5PSSFOU DPN BSB MªFYQFEJFOU EF QSnTUFD QFS B Mª&YQPTJDJw 3FHJPOBM 7BMFODJBOB J VOB DJSDVMBS EF MªBSRVFCJTCF 1SVEFODJP .FMP RVF EFNBOBWB B UPUFT MFT QBSSxRVJFT EF MB EJxDFTJ RVF DFEJSFO BMMx RVF QPHVFSFO QFS B GPSNBS FM GVUVS .VTFV %JPDFTh RVF WB TFS JOBVHVSBU MªBOZ B MªBOUJD 1BMBV "SRVFCJTCBM "MMr nT PO WB FTUBS MB JNBUHF ¯OT B MªJODFOEJ J EFTUSVDDJw EF "NC BRVFTU NBUFSJBM WB SFBMJU[BS VOB QSJNFSB BQSPYJNBDJw WFSCBM EBWBOU FM $BQrUPM EF MB DBUFESBM TPM²MJDJUBOU FM SFUPSO EF MB JNBUHF RVF IBWJB FTUBU QSFTUBEB TFHPOT FT EFTQSFOJB EF MB DJSDVMBS FOWJBEB QFS MªBSRVFCJTCF EF 7BMoODJB -B OFHBUJWB WB TFS
SPUVOEB BM²MFHBWFO RVF FTUBWB UPU QSFTDSJU J FT UBODBWB MB WJB B RVBMTFWPM JOUFOU QPTUFSJPS EF SFDMBNBDJw 1FSx FMT RVJ DPOFJYFN MB DPOTUhODJB J FM CPO GFS RVF IB DBSBDUFSJU[BU MB QFSTPOBMJUBU EF %PO .JHVFM TBCrFN RVF OP IP EFJYBSJB BOBS "MFTIPSFT WB EFDJEJS DPOUJOVBS QFS MB WJB EF Mª"SRVFCJTCBU PO WB QSFTFOUBS VOB TPM²MJDJUVE QFS FTDSJU CBTBEB FO VO JOGPSNF KVSrEJD SFBMJU[BU QFS MªBEWPDBU 1BDP 3PT KVTUJ¯DBOU MB JNQSFTDSJQUJCJMJUBU EF MB DFTTJw EF MB JNBUHF SFBMJU[BEB FO MB EoDBEB EFMT BOZT WJOU BM .VTFV %JPDFTh EªBDPSE BNC FM %SFU DBOxOJD WJHFOU RVF WB TFS TVCTDSJU QFS UPUT FMT NFNCSFT EFM $POTFMM EF 1BTUPSBM -B SFTQPTUB BRVFTUB WFHBEB QFS FTDSJU WB TFS JEoOUJDB J BNC MB NBUFJYB SPUVOEJUBU FM UFNB IBWJB QSFTDSJU J OP IJ IBWJB SFT NnT B USBDUBS "MFTIPSFT NPMUT FOT WBN RVFEBS EFDFCVUT EBWBOU VOB BDUJUVE BSCJUShSJB J EFTQxUJDB RVF OP BUFOJB DBQ BSHVNFOU * IF EF TFS TJODFS BSSJCBUT B BRVFTU DVM EF TBD PO UPUFT MFT WJFT EJQMPNhUJRVFT TFNCMBWFO KB FTHPUBEFT Tr RVF WBJH QPTBS FO EVCUF MB DBQBDJUBU P MªIBCJMJUBU EF %PO .JHVFM QFS B FOGSPOUBS TF BMT TFVT TVQFSJPST KFShSRVJDT J DPOUJOVBS MB MMVJUB UPU BUFOFOU FM TFV DBShDUFS DPODJMJBEPS RVF NBJ CVTDB MªFOGSPOUBNFOU "RVFTUB RVBMJUBU QFSTPOBM QFSx FTEFWJOHVn MB QSJODJQBM BSNB QFS B DPOUJOVBS MB NJTTJw J BDPOTFHVJS MªPCKFDUJV CVTDBU 4J MB QBSSxRVJB EF Mª"TTVNQDJw OP IBWJB QPHVU GFS SFT B OJWFMM JOEJWJEVBM QPUTFS BMHVOB DPTB NnT FT QPESJB BDPOTFHVJS SFBMJU[BOU MB QFUJDJw MFT TFU QBSSxRVJFT EF 5PSSFOU RVF DPOGPSNFO Mª"SYJQSFTUBU "MFTIPSFT UPUT FMT SFDUPST WBO TJHOBS VO EPDVNFOU TPM²MJDJUBOU FM SFUPSO EF MB JNBUHF RVF WBO QSFTFOUBS QFSTPOBMNFOU BDPNQBOZBUT EªBMUSFT TBDFSEPUT EF 5PSSFOU FO BVEJoODJB EBWBOU MªBSRVFCJTCF EF 7BMoODJB "HVTUrO (BSDrB (BTDP *NNFEJBUBNFOU WB BDDFEJS B MB QFUJDJw UPU DPOTJEFSBOU RVF FT USBDUBWB EFM QSJNFS DBT FO MB IJTUxSJB EF MB %JxDFTJ EF 7BMoODJB FO RVo UPUB MB DPNVOJUBU FDMFTJBM EªVOB DJVUBU SFQSFTFOUBEB QFM TFV "SYJQSFTUBU GFJB VOB TPM²MJDJUVE EªBRVFTUFT DBSBDUFSrTUJRVFT -B DPOEJDJw RVF WB QPTBS FSB RVF FT USBDUBWB EªVOB JNBUHF EF DVMUF J QFS UBOU IBWJB EF SFUPSOBS BM DVMUF OP QFS RVFEBS UBODBEB FO VO NVTFV "CBOT QFSx DBMJB DPNQMJS VO DPNQSPNrT BERVJSJU BNC MB JNBUHF RVF IBWJB EF GPSNBS QBSU EF MªFYQPTJDJw -B -MVN EF MFT *NBUHFT
DFMFCSBEB B MB DBUFESBM EF 7BMoODJB EVSBOU FM QSJNFS TFNFTUSF EF %FTQSnT EF MªFYQPTJDJw FT WB USBTMMBEBS MB JNBUHF BM UBMMFS EFM SFTUBVSBEPS UPSSFOUr +BWJFS "MNFOBS QFS B DPNQMFUBS VOB JOUFSWFODJw RVF TªIBWJB GFU B DPSSF DVJUB QFS B MªFYQPTJDJw EF MB DBUFESBM 4ªFTUBCMJSFO VOT DSJUFSJT BEFRVBUT FO SFMBDJw B MB TFVB GVUVSB GVODJw QFS BM DVMUF RVF WBO TFS DPOTFOTVBUT BNC FM QSPGFTTPS %BOJFM #FOJUP (PFSMJDI &M EªPDUVCSF EF FO VO BDUF BMT QFVT EF MB 5PSSF MªBSRVFCJTCF EF 7BMoODJB SFUPSOBWB MB JNBUHF BM QPCMF EF 5PSSFOU B MªIPSB RVF MªFSJHJB DPN B UJUVMBS EF Mª"SYJQSFTUBU GPSNBU QFS MFT TFU QBSSxRVJFT EF MB DJVUBU RVF FO FOEBWBOU QBTTBSJB B EFOPNJOBS TF "SYJQSFTUBU EF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM %VSBOU FMT TFU EJFT TFH FOUT WB SFDwSSFS FO QSPDFTTw FMT DBSSFST EF MB DJVUBU WJTJUBOU UPUFT MFT QBSSxRVJFT -ª|MUJNB FUBQB EFM QFMFHSJOBUHF GPV MB QBSSxRVJB NBSF Mª"TTVNQDJw PO WB RVFEBS FYQPTBEB BM DVMUF B MªBMUBS NBKPS EFM UFNQMF %FT EªBMFTIPSFT FM EªPDUVCSF TF DFMFCSB BOVBMNFOU MB GFTUB EF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM 1FS B PSHBOJU[BS FMT BDUFT EF DVMUF FT WB FSJHJS VOB DPOGSBSJB FO RVo IJ IB JOTDSJUT VO CPO OPNCSF EF UPSSFOUJOFT J UPSSFOUJOT -ªBSUJTUB +BWJFS "MNFOBS WB SFCSF MªFODhSSFD EF SFBMJU[BS VOB SoQMJDB FO GVTUB QPMJDSPNBEB RVF nT MB RVF QBSUJDJQB FO MFT QSPDFTTPOT J USBTMMBUT BNC MB ¯OBMJUBU EF QSFTFSWBS FMT WBMPST QBUSJNPOJBMT EF MB JNBUHF PSJHJOBM &M GFU EªIBWFS GFU QBSUrDJQT MFT TFU QBSSxRVJFT EF 5PSSFOU EF MB QSFToODJB EF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM OP IB FTUBU VOB TJNQMF FTUSBUoHJB QFS BDPOTFHVJS FM TFV SFUPSO 5PUT FMT RVJ IFN USBDUBU EF QSPQ %PO .JHVFM DPOFJYFN FM TFV DBShDUFS JOUFHSBEPS DPODJMJBEPS J EF TFSWFJ %F TFNQSF IB BTTVNJU FM GFU EF TFS SFDUPS EF MB QBSSxRVJB NBSF ¥Mª|OJDB RVF WB UJOESF 5PSSFOU ¯OT B MªBOZ ¥ OP EFT EªVO QMB EF TVQFSJPSJUBU BWBMBU QFM TPMBUHF EªVOB MMBSHB USBKFDUxSJB IJTUxSJDB TJOw NnT BWJBU SFDPM[BOU FO BRVFTUFT RVBMJUBUT QFS B QPTBS MFT BM TFSWFJ EF MFT BMUSFT DPNVOJUBUT QBSSPRVJBMT "JYr EFT EFM QSJODJQJ WB UJOESF DMBS RVF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM OP IBWJB EF TFS TPMT VOB .BSF EF %nV QFS B MB QBSSxRVJB EF Mª"TTVNQDJw TJOw RVF IBWJB EF TFS EªBDPSE
BNC MB TFVB BEWPDBDJw MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1PCMF EF 5PSSFOU FTUSVDUVSBU BDUVBMNFOU FO TFU DPNVOJUBUT QBSSPRVJBMT VOJEFT QFS VO "SYJQSFTUBU 1FS BJYx FO BRVFTU DBSJTNB QFSTPOBM FO VO NPNFOU FO RVo UPUFT MFT QPSUFT TªIBWJFO UBODBU WB QPEFS USPCBS MB DMBV EF MªoYJU &M UFNQT FOT EwOB MªPQPSUVOJUBU EF QPTBS DBEB QFSTPOB FO FM TFV MMPD J BOZT NnT UBSE UPUT FMT UPSSFOUJOT J UPSSFOUJOFT ¥DSFJFOUT J OP DSFJFOUT DBEBTD| QFS EJGFSFOUT NPUJVT¥ QPEFN FTUBS BHSBuUT J TBUJTGFUT QFS BRVFTU FTGPSm EªJNQMJDBDJw QFSTPOBM QFS QBSU EF %PO .JHVFM QFSRVo MB JNBUHF EF MB .BSF EF %nV EFM 1xQVM IBKB QPHVU SFUPSOBS BM TFV MMPD EªPSJHFO PO IBWJB FTUBU EFT EFM TFHMF 9*7 ¯OT RVF MªBOZ FT WB DFEJS FO VO HFTU HFOFSwT QFS B DPO¯HVSBS MFT DPM²MFDDJPOT EFM .VTFV %JPDFTh RVF TªFTUBWB QSFQBSBOU RVF FM QBT EFMT BOZT J FMT BWBUBST IJTUxSJDT IBWJFO FTCPSSBU EF MB NFNxSJB EPOBOU TF QFS EFTBQBSFHVEB
Ú
-B DPOTFSWBDJw EFM 1BUSJNPOJ $VMUVSBM VO EFVSF BDPNQMJU "ESJh #FTw 3PT %FQBSUBNFOU Eª)JTUxSJB EF Mª"SU 6OJWFSTJUBU EF 7BMoODJB
.PMUT USBDUBEJTUFT FOUFOFO FM QBUSJNPOJ DVMUVSBM DPN VO MMFHBU RVF SFCFN EFMT OPTUSFT BWBOUQBTTBUT J DPN B UBM MFT HFOFSBDJPOT BDUVBMT RVF FM EJTGSVUFN UFOJN FM EFVSF NPSBM OP TPMT EF DPOTFSWBS MP TJOw EF USBOTNFUSFªM B MFT HFOFSBDJPOT RVF FOT IBO EF TVDDFJS FO FM UFNQT FO NJMMPS FTUBU RVF MªIFN USPCBU %PO .BOVFM 4PMFS EVSBOU FMT TJT BOZT RVF WB FTUBS BM DBQEBWBOU EF MB QBSSxRVJB KB WB SFBMJU[BS MFT QSJNFSFT BDUVBDJPOT JNQPSUBOUT FO BRVFTU TFOUJU 7B SFTUBVSBS MB QJOUVSB JOUFSJPS EFM UFNQMF UBM DPN FTUBWB BCBOT EF MªJODFOEJ EF J WB IBCJMJUBS MªBOUJD USBTTBHSBSJ DPN B .VTFV 1BSSPRVJBM PO QPEFS FYQPTBS EJHOBNFOU BRVFMMFT QFDFT FTQFDJBMNFOU EFTUBDBEFT QFM TFV WBMPS BSUrTUJD RVF ¯OT BMFTIPSFT FT USPCBWFO EJTQFSTFT FO EJWFSTFT EFQFOEoODJFT P BSSBDPOBEFT FO USBTUFST &MT BOZT RVF %PO .JHVFM IB FTUBU B MB QBSSxRVJB IB DPOUJOVBU BRVFTUB UBTDB DPNQMFUBOU MB SFTUBVSBDJw EF MªFYUFSJPS EFM UFNQMF BNC MB UPSSF DBNQBOBS FM USBTTBHBSJ J FM NVS UFTUFS J EF MFT GBmBOFT FYUFSJPST MB DBQFMMB EF MB DPNVOJw J MFT QPSUBEFT EF QFESB EF Mª)PSUB J EF Mª"TTVNQDJw "RVFTUFT BDUVBDJPOT IBO FTUBU QPTTJCMFT HShDJFT B MB HFOFSPTJUBU EF UPUT FMT GFMJHSFTPT J B MB DPM²MBCPSBDJw EªBMHVOFT JOTUJUVDJPOT FOUSF MFT RVBMT DBM EFTUBDBS MªJNQPSUBOU TVQPSU SFCVU QFS QBSU EF Mª"KVOUBNFOU EF 5PSSFOU -B TFVB QSFPDVQBDJw QFSx OP FT WB DFOUSBS |OJDBNFOU FO MªFEJ¯DJ TJOw RVF TªIB FTUnT BM QBUSJNPOJ NPCMF QSPNPWFOU MB SFTUBVSBDJw EªBRVFMMFT PCSFT NnT OPUBCMFT RVF FT USPCBWFO FO NBM FTUBU &M FT SFTUBVSBWFO BMT UBMMFST EFM .VTFV EFM 1SBEP EF .BESJE USFT MMFOmPT EF 'SBODFTD 3JCBMUB -ª"EPSBDJw EFMT QBTUPST FM 4BOU 4PQBS J MB $SVDJ¯YJw RVF WBO TFS DFEJUT QFS B VOB
FYQPTJDJw TPCSF FM QJOUPS PSHBOJU[BEB QFS MB %JQVUBDJw B MB -MPUKB EF 7BMoODJB RVF EFTQSnT FT WB USBTMMBEBS B .BESJE J /PWB :PSL -B SFDVQFSBDJw EªBRVFTUFT QJOUVSFT WB TJHOJ¯DBS RVF QPHVFSFO UPSOBS EF OPV BM DVMUF QFSx BNC DFSUFT MJNJUBDJPOT UPU BUFOFOU MB OFDFTTJUBU EF OP QPTBS FO QFSJMM FMT TFVT WBMPST QBUSJNPOJBMT KB RVF EVSBOU NPMUT BOZT IBO QSFTJEJU MFT DFMFCSBDJPOT EFMT NPNFOUT MJU|SHJDT RVF SFQSFTFOUFO FO MFT NJTTFT EF MB /JU EF /BEBM EFM %JKPVT J EFM %JWFOESFT 4BOU SFTQFDUJWBNFOU -ªBOZ FT SFTUBVSBSFO IVJU MMFOmPT RVF FT USPCBWFO B MB DBQFMMB EF MB DPNVOJw BUSJCVuUT B 4BSJvFOB QFS MB CJCMJPHSB¯B BSUrTUJDB J FM FT SFDVQFSBWB VOB UBVMB EFM QSJNFS SFOBJYFNFOU EF MB .BSF EF %nV BNC Mª*OGBOU &O BRVFTUB GBDFUB IB DPNQUBU TFNQSF BNC MB DPM²MBCPSBDJw EF MFT FOUJUBUT ¯OBODFSFT MPDBMT DPN BSB MB $". J $BJYB 3VSBM 5PSSFOU RVF ¯OBOmBSFO rOUFHSBNFOU MFT SFTUBVSBDJPOT J B NnT QBUSPDJOBSFO TFOHMFT FYQPTJDJPOT QFS B EPOBS B DPOnJYFS FMT WBMPST QBUSJNPOJBMT EF MFT PCSFT SFDVQFSBEFT BMIPSB RVF TªFYQMJDBWB FM QSPDnT EF SFTUBVSBDJw SFBMJU[BU 1FS BRVFMMT BOZT FT WBO SFPSHBOJU[BS UBNCn MFT DPM²MFDDJPOT FYQPTBEFT BM .VTFV 1BSSPRVJBM TªIJ EFJYBSFO OPNnT MFT PCSFT NnT EFTUBDBEFT J FT HVBSEBSFO MFT EF NFOPS JOUFSnT FO VO EFQxTJU 4PCSF BRVFTUB GBDFUB EFTUBDBSJB VOB RVBMJUBU QFSTPOBM EF %PO .JHVFM RVF OP UFOFO UPUT FMT SFDUPST MB DPO¯BOmB BCTPMVUB FO FMT UoDOJDT RVF IBO JOUFSWJOHVU FO MB DPOTFSWBDJw EFM QBUSJNPOJ DVMUVSBM EF MB QBSSxRVJB FO FMT TFVT DSJUFSJT J EFDJTJPOT 3FDPSEF RVF TFNQSF EFJB FM NBUFJY RVBO EFNBOBWB DPOTFMM TPCSF BMHVOB DPTB +P TwD SFDUPS J FO Tn EF EJS NJTTB QFSx EªFTUFT DPTFT OP J QFS UBOU OFDFTTJUF MB WPTUSB BKVEB J DPO¯F FO BMMx RVF FN EJHVFV "JYr TªFYQMJRVFO FO CPOB NFTVSB FMT CPOT SFTVMUBUT EF MFT BDUVBDJPOT SFBMJU[BEFT FO UPUT FMT hNCJUT FM TFV TBCFS EFJYBS GFS
%PO .JHVFM Z FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP #FOJUP /FNFTJP $BTBCgO 1SFTJEFOUF EFM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU
$VBOEP EPO .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P MMFHw B 5PSSFOU B NFEJBEPT EFM NFT EF PDUVCSF EF BM IBCFS TJEP OPNCSBEP QgSSPDP EF MB "TVODJwO EF /VFTUSB 4FvPSB EF FTUB MPDBMJEBE IVCP EF BTVNJS BM NJTNP UJFNQP FM DBSHP EF TBDFSEPUF DPOTJMJBSJP EFM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU UPEB WF[ RVF MPT FTUBUVUPT RVF QPS BRVFM FOUPODFT UFOrB FTUB FOUJEBE FTUBCMFDrBO RVF FTUB SFTQPOTBCJMJEBE MF JODVNCrB BM QgSSPDP EF MB "TVODJwO %PO .JHVFM TJO BTVNJS OJOH|O QSPUBHPOJTNP RVF OP MF DPSSFTQPOErB BM TFS FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU VOB BTPDJBDJwO EF JOTQJSBDJwO DSJTUJBOB QFSP EF OBUVSBMF[B DJWJM Z QPS FMMP NJTNP FWJEFOUFNFOUF MBJDBM IB FTUBEP TJFNQSF BM MBEP EF MB +VOUB %JSFDUJWB EFM $rSDVMP BOJNgOEPMB B FGFDUVBS VOB TFSJF EF DBNCJPT JNQPSUBOUFT QBSUJFOEP EFM DBSJTNB GVOEBDJPOBM EFM $rSDVMP RVF OPT IB BZVEBEP B EFTDVCSJS MP RVF TF IB DPODSFUBEP CgTJDBNFOUF FO MP TJHVJFOUF % 0SHBOJ[BDJwO TJTUFNgUJDB EF $VSTPT EF 'PSNBDJwO QFSNB OFOUF EJSJHJEPT QSJODJQBMNFOUF B MBJDPT DSJTUJBOPT EF 5PSSFOU FO DPMBCPSBDJwO FO MPT |MUJNPT BvPT DPO FM *OTUJUVUP EF $JFODJBT 3FMJHJPTBT EF MB EJwDFTJT EF 7BMFODJB Z DPO FM "SDJQSFTUB[HP EF 5PSSFOU % 1VFTUB FO GVODJPOBNJFOUP EF VO $FOUSP EF %rB QBSB MB BUFODJwO B *ONJHSBOUFT FO DPMBCPSBDJwO DPO MB $PNJTJwO "SDJQSFTUBM EF *ONJHSBOUFT EFM "SDJQSFTUB[HP EF 5PSSFOU B ¯OBMFT EFM BvP FO MB DBMMF 4BOUP 5PNgT Z EFTEF OPWJFNCSF EF FO VOBT OVFWBT JOTUBMBDJPOFT FO MB DBMMF 4BOUP %PNJOHP EF 5PSSFOU EFTEF FTUF $FOUSP TF
%
%
% %
IBO PSHBOJ[BEP WBSJFEBE EF QSPHSBNBT QBSB MB JOUFHSBDJwO MB GPSNBDJwO Z MB BZVEB B MPT JONJHSBOUFT RVF IBO MMFHBEP B 5PSSFOU 1VFTUB FO GVODJPOBNJFOUP EFM $FOUSP EF 0SJFOUBDJwO 'BNJMJBS QBSB MB QSFWFODJwO Z BZVEB B MB TPMVDJwO EF N|MUJQMFT QSPCMFNBT EF SFMBDJPOFT QFSTPOBMFT FO FM FOUPSOP EF MB GBNJMJB FO DPMBCPSBDJwO UBNCJnO DPO FM "SDJQSFTUB[HP EF 5PSSFOU "QPZP B MBT BDUJWJEBEFT RVF USBEJDJPOBMNFOUF WFOrB EFTBSSP MMBOEP FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP FO FM gNCJUP EF MB N|TJDB FO UPSOP B MBT &TDVFMBT EF *OJDJBDJwO .VTJDBM 4PMGFP F *OTUSVNFOUPT #BOEBT EF .|TJDB +VWFOJM Z 4JO GwOJDB Z 0SGFwO 1PMJGwOJDP Z EFM RVF FT GSVUP FM OVFWP FEJ¯DJP $BTB EF MB .|TJDB FO MB QMB[B 4BO +BJNF 1VFTUB FO NBSDIB EF (SVQPT .|TJDP 7PDBMFT KVWFOJMFT Z &RVJQPT EF 'VUCPM 4BMB 0SHBOJ[BDJwO EF MB 4FNBOB 4PDJBM EFM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU FO UPSOP B MB GFTUJWJEBE EF 4BO +PTn 0CSFSP
%PO .JHVFM IB BZVEBEP B MB +VOUB %JSFDUJWB EFM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU B FGFDUVBS TVT SFVOJPOFT §FO QSFTFODJB EF %JPT¨ SFDPSEgOEPOPT TJFNQSF RVF FSB FM NJTNP %JPT FM RVF BM FTUBS SFVOJEPT FO TV OPNCSF FTUBCB BMMr FO NFEJP EF OPTPUSPT UBM Z DPNP TF OPT SFDVFSEB FO FM &WBOHFMJP EF 4BO .BUFP &TUF BDPNQBvBNJFOUP IB TJEP EFDJTJWP B MB IPSB EF UFOFS RVF EFCBUJS TPCSF MBT DVFTUJPOFT RVF UFOrBNPT RVF BCPSEBS Z B MB IPSB EF UFOFS RVF EJTDFSOJS Z EFDJEJS cM OPT IB BOJNBEP TJFNQSF B DPNFO[BS OVFTUSBT SFVOJPOFT Z B BDBCBSMBT SF[BOEP %PO .JHVFM IB BZVEBEP BM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP B TFOUJSTF QBSUF BDUJWB EF MB DPNVOJEBE EF ¯FMFT DSJTUJBOPT EF 5PSSFOU Z B FTUBS DFSDB EFM FRVJQP TBDFSEPUBM EF TV "SDJQSFTUB[HP %PO .JHVFM IB TJEP Z FT VO IPNCSF EF VOB GF QSPGVOEB RVF WJWF TV SFMBDJwO DPO %JPT Z DPO MPT EFNgT EFTEF FM BNPS Z DPO TV WJEB ErB B ErB B OVFTUSP MBEP FO OVFTUSP DBTP EFOUSP EFM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU OPT IB BZVEBEP B DSFDFS FO MB GF DSJTUJBOB JNQVMTgOEPOPT B NFKPSBS MB TPDJFEBE FO MB RVF WJWJNPT
Z BZVEBS B MBT QFSTPOBT NgT OFDFTJUBEBT FTQFDJBMNFOUF MBT EF OVFTUSP FOUPSOP NgT QSwYJNP 1PS FTP FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP EF 5PSSFOU Z UPEPT MPT RVF GPSNBNPT QBSUF EFM NJTNP MF EBNPT HSBDJBT B nM Z NVZ FTQFDJBMNFOUF B %JPT QPS IBCFSMP NBOEBEP DPNP QBTUPS FO NFEJP EF OPTPUSPT BRVr FO 5PSSFOU Z IBCFSMP UFOJEP DPO OPTPUSPT USFJOUB BvPT
Ú
&TUBNPT BMFHSFT FM 4FvPS IB FTUBEP HSBOEF DPO OPTPUSPT &OSJRVF 3PT .PSB 7JDF QSFTJEFOUF EFM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP
§%JDIPTPT CJFOBWFOUVSBEPT DPOUFOUPT MPT RVF QSPDVSBO MB QB[ QPSRVF TF MMBNBSgO IJKPT EF %JPT ¨ .U
4BO 1BCMP OPT TFvBMB RVF IFNPT TJEP MMBNBEPT B MB QB[ -B QB[ FT FM FODVFOUSP DPN|O MB QPTJCJMJEBE EF WJWJS DPO PCKFUJWPT DPNVOFT FM DBNJOBS IBDJB VO ¯O DPN|O MB QPTJCJMJEBE EF DPOTUSVJS DPOKVOUBNFOUF FTQBDJPT EPOEF RVFQBO UPEBT MBT WBSJFEBEFT QPTJCMFT MB DFSUF[B EF RVF MP DPOTUSVJEP EVSBSg QBSB OVFTUSPT IJKPT FT EFDJS OPT PGSFDF MB QPTJCJMJEBE EF RVF FM 3FJOP EF %JPT TF WB IBDJFOEP SFBMJEBE FOUSF OPTPUSPT $PNP VOB QFSTPOB RVF TJFNQSF IB CVTDBEP MB QB[ VOB QFSTPOB DPNQSPNFUJEB DPO MB TPDJFEBE UPSSFOUJOB EVSBOUF TVT DBTJ USFJOUB BvPT VOB QFSTPOB EF DPNVOJwO VOB QFSTPOB RVF IBDF QSPQJPT MPT QSPCMFNBT EF MPT EFNgT VOB QFSTPOB NVZ FYJHFOUF DPOTJHP NJTNP Z DPO MPT EFNgT VOB QFSTPOB BEFMBOUBEB B TV UJFNQP VOB QFSTPOB NVZ RVFSJEB UBOUP FO gNCJUPT EF DSFZFOUFT DPNP OP DSFZFOUFT BTr Z DSFP RVF NF RVFEP DPSUP EF¯OJSrB MB ¯HVSB EF EPO .JHVFM -MVDI §6O FOBNPSBEP EFM 3FJOP EF %JPT ¨ .VZ DPOWJODFOUF B Nr NF SFTVMUB NVZ EJGrDJM EFDJSMF RVF OP B EPO .JHVFM BOUF VO DPNQSPNJTP BOUF VOB SFBMJEBE Z NgT DVBOEP nM TJFNQSF WB EFMBOUF EF OPTPUSPT DVBOEP TF IB FOUSFHBEP QPS DPNQMFUP B OPTPUSPT $PIFSFOUF DPOTJHP NJTNP "MHVJFO RVF IBCMB DPO BVUPSJEBE &O EFUFSNJOBEPT NPNFOUPT EF OVFTUSB WJEB QPEFNPT QFOTBS RVF MBT QFSTPOBT QBTBO Z MBT PCSBT QFSNBOFDFO &O FTUB PDBTJwO MB ¯HVSB EF EPO .JHVFM FGFDUJWBNFOUF QBTB QPS EFMBOUF EF OPTPUSPT Z OPT EBSFNPT DVFOUB P OP FO FTF NPNFOUP QFSP PT QVFEP BTFHVSBS RVF EFKB IVFMMB QPS EPOEF QBTB :P SFDVFSEP
DwNP EPO .JHVFM DPNFOUBCB BMHVOBT BOnDEPUBT EF TV WJEB Z OPT EFDrB RVF IFSFEw EF TV QBESF VO TJOEJDBMJTUB OBUP EFGFOEFS B MPT PQSJNJEPT 3FDPSEBCB MBT SFVOJPOFT FO TV DBTB TJFOEP TFNJOBSJTUB DVBOEP BZVEBCB B MPT DPNQBvFSPT USBCBKBEPSFT EFM UBMMFS EF TV QBESF CBKP MB NJSBEB UFNFSPTB EF TV NBESF B SFEBDUBS MPT NBOJ¯FTUPT DMBOEFTUJOPT 5BNCJnO SFDVFSEP DwNP FO TV QSJNFS EFTUJOP EF TBDFSEPUF FO MB BMEFB EF /BWBMwO UVWP RVF EFGFOEFS MPT EFSFDIPT EF MPT QBTUPSFT FYQMPUBEPT Z FMFWBS FM OJWFM DVMUVSBM EF MPT BMEFBOPT : DwNP FO FM BvP MB JHMFTJB 7BMFODJBOB MP FOWJw DPNP NJTJPOFSP B MB EF .PSwO QBSB USBCBKBS FO MBT MMBNBEBT §7JMMBT .JTFSJB¨ "SHFOUJOB Z TJFNQSF DPO EFOPNJOBEPS DPN|O MB EFGFOTB EF MPT NgT EnCJMFT MB FYQFSJFODJB EF WJWJS FO VOB *HMFTJB DPNQSPNFUJEB DPO MPT §|MUJNPT¨ Z nM OPT SFDBMDBCB RVF TPO FYQFSJFODJBT RVF OP TF PMWJEBO OVODB 4J FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP FT MP RVF FT FT HSBDJBT B EPO .JHVFM B TV DPOTUBODJB B TV USBCBKP B TV FTGVFS[P B TV EFEJDBDJwO (SBDJBT B EPO .JHVFM IFNPT EFTDVCJFSUP OVFTUSPT PSrHFOFT Z FM QPS RVn EF MPT $rSDVMPT FO VOB nQPDB EF OVFTUSB IJTUPSJB : BDUVBMNFOUF FM $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP FTUg MMFWBOEP UPEPT TVT DPNQSPNJTPT TPDJBMFT FO CFOF¯DJP EF MB TPDJFEBE UPSSFOUJOB HSBDJBT B MB MBCPS Z B UPEP MP RVF IB TFNCSBOEP FO DBEB VOP EF OPTPUSPT MB IVFMMB EF EPO .JHVFM 6OB MBCPS BMHP EJGrDJM EF MMFWBS B DBCP QFSP BM NJTNP UJFNQP NVZ OFDFTBSJB QBSB UPEPT OPTPUSPT %FTEF FTUBT MrOFBT RVJFSP EBS MBT HSBDJBT BM §4FvPS¨ QPS FM SFHBMP RVF NF IB IFDIP DPOPDFS Z WJWJS FM BNPS Z MB FOUSFHB EF EPO .JHVFM EVSBOUF UBOUP UJFNQP QJFOTP RVF IB TJEP VO MVKP Z VO QSJWJMFHJP DPNQBSUJS UPEP MP RVF IFNPT DPNQBSUJEP Z BQSFOEFS EF nM UPEP MP RVF ZP IF BQSFOEJEP : RVJFSP BDBCBS FTUBT MrOFBT EF HSBUJUVE B EPO .JHVFM DPNP MBT FNQFDn §&M 4FvPS IB FTUBEP HSBOEF DPO OPTPUSPT Z FTUPZ NVZ BHSBEFDJEP ¨
˜2Vn IB TJHOJ¯DBEP EPO .JHVFM -MVDI QBSB MB $PNJTJwO "SDJQSFTUBM EF *ONJHSBOUFT 4BMWBEPS 1VDIPM $BNQPT
%PO .JHVFM KVOUP DPO PUSPT TFHMBSFT GVFSPO IBDF DBTJ EPT EnDBEBT MPT RVF JNQVMTBSPO MB DSFBDJwO EF VOB $PNJTJwO *OUFSQBSSPRVJBM RVF BUFOEJFSB EF GPSNB NgT FTQFDr¯DB MPT JONJHSBOUFT NBHSFCrFT RVF B QSJODJQJPT EF MPT BvPT FNQF[BSPO B MMFHBS QBSB USBCBKBS DPNP UFNQPSFSPT FO FM DBNQP &TUPT QSJNFSPT JONJHSBOUFT WJWrBO EF GPSNB NVZ QSFDBSJB Z EFTEF MBT $gSJUBT QBSSPRVJBMFT TF FNQF[w B QMBOUFBS MB QPTJCJMJEBE EF IBDFS VO QSPZFDUP RVF EJFSB SFTQVFTUB B FTUBT OVFWBT OFDFTJEBEFT &TUF QSPZFDUP GVF DSFDJFOEP B NFEJEB RVF MB SFBMJEBE EF MB JONJHSBDJwO FO 5PSSFOU JCB DBNCJBOEP 4J BMHP IB DBSBDUFSJ[BEP B EPO .JHVFM FT TV JORVJFUVE Z §DBCF[POFSrB¨ EF TBDBS BEFMBOUF FTUF UJQP EF SFUPT Z FT RVF TJFNQSF OPT IB USBOTNJUJEP RVF MPT §|MUJNPT¨ EF FTUB TPDJFEBE TPO MPT QSFGFSJEPT EF VO %JPT RVF FT 1BESF .BESF EF UPEPT OPTPUSPT &T EJGrDJM FOVNFSBS CSFWFNFOUF UPEP MP RVF EPO .JHVFM IB TJHOJ¯DBEP QBSB FTUF 1SPZFDUP "SDJQSFTUBM BVORVF EFTUBDBSrB MPT TJHVJFOUFT BTQFDUPT % 4V USBCBKP EF DPNVOJwO DPN|O VOJwO DPO UPEBT MBT 1BSSPRVJBT EF 5PSSFOU QBSB EBS SFTQVFTUB B MPT NgT OFDFTJUBEPT % 4V TFOTJCJMJEBE QBSB MPT RVF NgT TVGSFO TPCSF UPEP DPO MPT JONJHSBOUFT TJFNQSF IB FTUBEP NVZ QSFTFOUF FO TV WJEB RVF nM UBNCJnO GVF JONJHSBOUF FO TV FUBQB EF NJTJPOFSP FO "SHFOUJOB Z FT RVF EPO .JHVFM IB IFDIP WJEB BRVFM QBTBKF EFM &WBOHFMJP §GVJ FYUSBOKFSP Z NF BDPHJTUFJTž¨ % -B DBQBDJEBE EF JS SFOPWBOEP FM QSPZFDUP Z BGSPOUBOEP OVFWPT SFUPT B QFTBS EF MBT EJ¯DVMUBEFT B TBCFS QJTPT EF
BDPHJEB BTFTPSrB KVSrEJDB $FOUSP EF %rB $PGSBErB 7JSHFO EFM $JTOF %rB EFM JONJHSBOUFž % 4V USBCBKP DPO &M $rSDVMP $BUwMJDP DPOTJHVJFOEP RVF FTUB BTPDJBDJwO TF DPNQSPNFUJFSB FO MPT |MUJNPT BvPT FO QSPZFDUPT TPDJBMFT DPNP FM DFOUSP EF %rB EF *ONJHSBOUFT % 4V BDPNQBvBNJFOUP QFSTPOBM Z FTQJSJUVBM B MPT WPMVOUBSJPT F JONJHSBOUFT EFTEF TV DFSDBOrB ¯EFMJEBE USBCBKP Z BMFHSrB % 4V DBQBDJEBE EF EJgMPHP DPO PUSBT DVMUVSBT Z SFMJHJPOFT
4FHVSP RVF NF IF EFKBEP NVDIBT NgT BTQFDUPT QFSP GVOEBNFOUBMNFOUF EFTUBDBSrB RVF EPO .JHVFM FT VO IPNCSF FOBNPSBEP EF %JPT Z TV 3FJOP Z FT RVF DPO TV WJEB IB IFDIP SFBMJEBE MB #VFOB /PUJDJB EF +FT|T B MPT RVF IFNPT UFOJEP MB TVFSUF EF DPNQBSUJS FTUPT BvPT DPO nM
&M QBQFM NgT JNQPSUBOUF Z NFOPT DPOPDJEP EF EPO .JHVFM IB TJEP DPO MPT NgT OFDFTJUBEPT +VBOB .BSJ 3VJ[ Z -BVSB 'POUFTUBE $gSJUBT EF -B "TVODJwO
%PO .JHVFM MMFHw B 5PSSFOU IBDF USFJOUB BvPT &O $gSJUBT DPNP FO UPEBT MBT EFNgT gSFBT EF MB QBSSPRVJB MP SFDJCJFSPO DPO MPT CSB[PT BCJFSUPT Z FTF NJTNP DBSJvP Z TFSWJDJP DPO FM RVF GVF SFDJCJEP IB TJEP FM RVF nM IB JEP EFWPMWJFOEP B MP MBSHP EF UPEPT FTUPT BvPT 1BSB MPT WPMVOUBSJPT EF $gSJUBT TJFNQSF IB TJEP VO BQPZP BMHVJFO RVF IB IFDIP Z IB EFKBEP IBDFS BMHVJFO RVF IB TBCJEP DPMBCPSBS Z QSPNPWFS EJGFSFOUFT DBNQBvBT QBSB BZVEBS BM QSwKJNP FTP Tr TJFNQSF EFTJOUFSFTBEBNFOUF 2VJ[g FM QBQFM NgT JNQPSUBOUF Z NFOPT DPOPDJEP EF EPO .JHVFM TJFNQSF IB TJEP DPO MPT NgT OFDFTJUBEPT -PT QPCSFT EF DPSB[wO P EF FTQrSJUV IBO TJEP TJFNQSF TV EFCJMJEBE -P CVTDBO QBSB IBCMBS DPO nM QBSB FODPOUSBS FTF DPOTVFMP RVF TwMP VO TBDFSEPUF QVFEF EBSMFT 4V MBCPS IB TJEP NVZ JNQPSUBOUF QFSP TPCSF UPEP DBMMBEB )B QFSNBOFDJEP FO MB TPNCSB EF UPEP BRVFMMP RVF EFTEF IBDF BvPT TF IB IFDIP EFTEF $gSJUBT %PO .JHVFM OVODB IB RVFSJEP OPUPSJFEBE OJ BHSBEFDJNJFOUPT QFSP EFTEF FTUBT MrOFBT RVFSFNPT BQSPWFDIBS QBSB EBSMF MBT (SBDJBT QPS UPEP TV USBCBKP
Ú
-B MJNQJF[B EF MB *HMFTJB MB "TVODJwO
&M (SVQP EF 4BOUB .BSUB MP GPSNB VO DPMFDUJWP EF NVKFSFT RVF EFTEF IBDF NgT USFJOUB BvPT TF IB EFEJDBEP B HBSBOUJ[BS TJO gOJNP EF MVDSP EF GPSNB WPMVOUBSJB Z EFTJOUFSFTBEB MB JNQPS UBOUF MBCPS RVF TVQPOF MB MJNQJF[B EF MB *HMFTJB MB "TVODJwO $PODIrO "OESFV Z .BSrB 1PSUBMnT EPT EF MBT MJNQJBEPSBT EFM (SVQP EF 4BOUB .BSUB BTFHVSBO RVF FM QgSSPDP .JHVFM -MVDI $FSF[P FT VOB NVZ CVFOB QFSTPOB RVF MFT IB BZVEBEP NVDIP FO MB WJEB FTQJSJUVBM BEFNgT EF RVF MP DPOTJEFSBO DPNP B VO CVFO BNJHP EFTQVnT EF NgT EF USFT EnDBEBT EF BZVEB NVUVB &TUBT TFvPSBT EFTFNQFvBO TV MBCPS UPEPT MPT MVOFT EF B EF MB NBvBOB Z FOUSF TFNBOB TF FODBSHBO EF NBOUFOFS FO DPOEJDJ POFT wQUJNBT MPT BSDIJWPT MB TBDSJTUrB FM DPSP Z EFNgT FTUBODJBT EF MB *HMFTJB JODMVTJWF FM DBNQBOBSJP RVF MJNQJBO EPT P USFT WFDFT BM BvP -B DSJTJT FDPOwNJDB UBNCJnO IB UFOJEP SFQFSDVTJwO FO FM TFDUPS FDMFTJgTUJDP QPS MP RVF MBT DPNQPOFOUFT EFM (SVQP EF 4BOUB .BSUB BEFNgT EF SFBMJ[BS TVT TFSWJDJPT EF GPSNB HSBUVJ UB WPMVOUBSJB Z EFTJOUFSFTBEB QBHBO FOUSF UPEBT MPT QSPEVDUPT EF MJNQJF[B .BSrB B¯SNB RVF MPT QSPEVDUPT EF MJNQJF[B BOUFT FSBO GBDJMJUBEPT QPS $gSJUBT QFSP FO MB BDUVBMJEBE MB *HMFTJB UJFOF NVDIPT HBTUPT Z IBO EFDJEJEP QPS JOJDJBUJWB QSPQJB DVCSJS DPO UPEPT MPT EFSJWBEPT EF MB MJNQJF[B 5PEP FM HSVQP MF EFTFB MP NFKPS B EPO .JHVFM &M PSJHFO EF FTF HSVQP OBDF EF MB JOUFSQSFUBDJwO EF VOB BOnD EPUB FO MB WJEB EF $SJTUP §"DPOUFDJw RVF +FT|T ZFOEP EF DBNJOP FOUSw FO VOB BMEFB Z VOB NVKFS MMBNBEB .BSUB MF SFDJCJw FO
TV DBTB cTUB UFOrB VOB IFSNBOB RVF TF MMBNBCB .BSrB MB DVBM TFOUgOEPTF B MPT QJFT EF +FT|T PrB MB 1BMBCSB 1FSP .BSUB UFOrB NVDIPT RVFIBDFSFT Z BDFSDgOEPTF EJKP 4FvPS ˜OP UF JNQPSUB RVF NJ IFSNBOB NF EFKF TPMB FO FM USBCBKP %JMF QVFT RVF NF BZVEF¨ " MP RVF MF SFTQPOEJw +FT|T §.BSUB .BSUB BGBOBEB Z UVS CBEB FTUgT DPO NVDIBT DPTBT QFSP TwMP VOB DPTB FT OFDFTBSJB Z .BSrB IB FTDPHJEP MB CVFOB QBSUF MB DVBM OP MF TFSg RVJUBEB¨ 0C WJBNFOUF MB MBCPS EF .BSUB UBNCJnO FSB NVZ OFDFTBSJB
4FNCMBO[B EF %PO .JHVFM "SUVSP (BSDrB (JM
1BSB MB HFOUF EF NJ HFOFSBDJwO EPO .JHVFM TJFNQSF IB FTUB EP FO 5PSSFOU cSBNPT NVZ QFRVFvPT DVBOEP MMFHw Z MP IFNPT DPOPDJEP FO UPEBT OVFTUSBT FUBQBT FO MB QBSSPRVJB FO MB DBUF RVFTJT FO MPT HSVQPT EF KwWFOFT Z FO MPT NPWJNJFOUPT EF NBUSJ NPOJPT 1PS FMMP IBCMBS EF nM FO DJFSUP NPEP FT IBDFSMP DPNP EF BMHVJFO EF MB GBNJMJB -P RVFSFNPT DPNP B VO QBESF 4J UVWJFSB RVF EFTUBDBS BMHVOB DVBMJEBE EF nM NF FYDFEFSrB UBOUP RVF OFDFTJUBSrBNPT NVDIP NgT FTQBDJP EFM RVF EJTQPOHP BTr RVF NF DFOUSBSn FO USFT BTQFDUPT &M QSJNFSP EF FMMPT FT TV QSPGVOEB WPDBDJwO EF TFSWJDJP B MB DPNVOJEBE Z B MB *HMFTJB FO HFOFSBM 6OB WPDBDJwO RVF nM NJT NP B¯SNB RVF TJOUJw EF CJFO QFRVFvP Z RVF SFTVMUB DPOUBHJPTB &TUPT ErBT MP IF QPEJEP DPOTUBUBS DVBOEP IF QSFHVOUBEP B QFS TPOBT EF NVZ EJGFSFOUFT BNCJFOUFT TPCSF MB QFSTPOB EF EPO .JHVFM QVFT UPEP FM NVOEP FOTFHVJEB RVF FT OPNCSBEP TF QPOF NBOPT B MB PCSB "Ir FTUg MB MBCPS RVF IB EFTBSSPMMBEP FO MB QBSSPRVJB EF MB "TVODJwO EVSBOUF FTUPT USFJOUB BvPT DwNP IB BCJFSUP MB QBSSPRVJB BM CBSSJP DPO MBT NVKFSFT EF FWBOHFMJ[BDJwO DwNP IB JODPSQPSBEP B MBT GBNJMJBT FO MB DBUFRVFTJT EF MPT OJvPT DwNP IB SFOPWBEP MB SFMJHJPTJEBE QPQVMBS Z MB IB DPOWFSUJEP FO VOB IFSSBNJFOUB QBTUPSBM BM TFSWJDJP EF MPT NgT BMFKBEPT DwNP IB TBCJEP EBS B MPT MBJDPT FO EF¯OJUJWB FM QBQFM RVF FM QSPQJP $PODJMJP 7BUJDBOP ** MFT BTJHOBCB &O TFHVOEP MVHBS NF HVTUBSrB EFTUBDBS TV QSPGVOEP BNPS QPS MB 4BOUB .JTB Z EF RVn NBOFSB IB JEP JOTJTUJFOEP FO RVF nTUB TFB FM DFOUSP EF MB WJEB EF UPEB MB DPNVOJEBE : FTP FO VO NVOEP FO RVF FM ¯O EF TFNBOB TF IB DPOWFSUJEP FO VO NPNFO
UP EF PDJP Z BTVFUP FO FM RVF QBSFDF NgT JNQPSUBOUF JS BM DFOUSP DPNFSDJBM IBDFS CPUFMMwO P WFS VO QBSUJEP EF G|UCPM RVF EFEJDBS FM EFTDBOTP EPNJOJDBM B MB GBNJMJB Z BM 4FvPS : FO UFSDFS MVHBS TV WJEB EF PSBDJwO 1VFT OP FOUJFOEF UPEP TV TFSWJDJP TJ OP FT QPOJnOEPMP EFMBOUF EF %JPT Z FTDVDIgOEPMF B USBWnT EF MB PSBDJwO Z MB MFDUVSB EF MB 1BMBCSB cM NJTNP SFDVFSEB RVF EF KPWFO IBCrB MMFHBEP B SFVOJSTF QBSB DPNFOUBS MB 1BMBCSB EF %JPT FO VO JONFOTP BHVBDFSP CBKP VO QBSBHVBT Z KVOUP B VOB GBSPMB FO MB DBMMF 7PDBDJwO &VDBSJTUrB Z 0SBDJwO TPO B NJ QBSFDFS USFT HSBO EFT QJMBSFT TPCSF MPT RVF TF TVTUFOUB TV TFSWJDJP Z TJO MPT DVBMFT OBEB EF TV MBCPS FO 5PSSFOU FO "SHFOUJOB FO 4BO 'FSOBOEP P FO /BWBMwO UFOESrBO TFOUJEP 4FSrB EF OFDJPT RVFSFS BQBSUBS TV EFEJDBDJwO B MPT JONJHSBOUFT TV QSFPDVQBDJwO QPS SFDVQF SBS FM QBUSJNPOJP BSUrTUJDP F IJTUwSJDP EF 5PSSFOU TV JORVJFUVE QPS JOUFHSBS B MPT UPSSFOUJOPT JOEFQFOEJFOUFNFOUF EFM SJODwO EF &TQBvB P EFM NVOEP EPOEF IVCJFSBO OBDJEP TVT EFTWFMPT QPS DVJEBS EF MPT KwWFOFT Z QSPQPSDJPOBSMFT GPSNBDJwO Z SFDSFP Z UBOUBT Z UBOUBT DVFTUJPOFT QPS MBT RVF TJO EVEB NFSFDF FTUF SFDPOPDJNJFOUP $SFP RVF RVJFO UJFOF RVF FTUBS EF FOIPSBCVFOB OP FT FM QSP QJP EPO .JHVFM TJOP OVFTUSB DJVEBE OVFTUSB HSBO DJVEBE QPS DPOUBS FOUSF TVT IJKPT DPO FTUF TBDFSEPUF &OIPSBCVFOB
$PM²MBCPSBDJPOT 3FEBDDJw EFM MMJCSF "SUVSP (BSDrB "OB $PSPOBEP $nTBS 'FSOgOEF[ 7JDFOUF $FSF[P "HVTUrO "MDBZEF +PTn -VJT -wQF[ "MGPOTP *CgvF[ "SUVSP 3PT +BWJFS (SBOEF +FT|T (JSwO "ESJh #FTw #FOJUP /FNFTJP &OSJRVF 3PT 4BMWBEPS 1VDIPM +VBOB .BSJ 3VJ[ -BVSB 'POUFTUBE J ÁTDBS 1nSF[ 'PUPHSB¯FT "SYJV QFSTPOBM EF .JHVFM -MVDI BSYJV EF MB DPM²MFDDJw (FOU EF 5PSSFOU *ONB 4gODIF[ "OB $PSPOBEP +FT|T 'PMHBEP &VHFOJP 4JNw +PTn 3 4BODIJT 7JDFOUF 4BODIJT J BMUSFT DPM²MBCPSBEPST "HSBuN MªBKVEB J FMT UFTUJNPOJT EF 1JMBS "CBE (SVQP EF 4BOUB .BSUB $PNJTJwO "SDJQSFTUBM EF *ONJHSBOUFT J $gSJUBT
EL PRESENT LLIBRE MIGUEL LLUCH CEREZO, FILL ADOPTIU DE TORRENT S’ACABÀ D’ESTAMPAR ALS TALLERS DE GRÀFIQUES ROYANES DE TORRENT LES VESPRES DE LA FESTIVITAT DE LA MARE DE DÉU DEL CARME · JULIOL DE 2010 ·