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A‡_© m„Rbkxj ev gbbkxj mvwnZ¨ m„wó nqwb| Gi KviY, huviv †M‡Qb Zuv‡`i AwaKvsk wQ‡jb A¶iÁvbnxb e¨emvqx ev kÖwgK| L. Jcwb‡ewkK Wvqvm‡cviv ev ga¨hyMxq Wvqvm‡cviv : fviZxq Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ Avgiv cvB weªwUk Jcwb‡ewkK Kvj †_‡K, hLb G-A‡ji gvbyl †¯^”Qvq ev eva¨ n‡q fviZ †_‡K we‡k¦i wewfbœ A‡j †M‡Q, we‡kl K‡i K¨vwiexq Øxcv‡j| G-mgq `ywU eo NUbv N‡U wek¦-kÖgevRv‡i| GK. 1830 mv‡j we‡k¦ ˆea `vmcÖ_v wbwl× nq; `yB. wkíwecøe Ges cyuwRi weKvk NU‡Z ïiæ K‡i cwð‡g| kni ˆZwi n‡Z _v‡K evwYR¨wbf©i †`k¸‡jv‡Z| we‡k¦i m¤úÖmvwiZ kÖgevRv‡i kÖwg‡Ki †h-k~b¨¯’vb m„wó nq †mUv c~iY Kivi Rb¨ fviZel© †_‡K kÖwgK Avg`vwb Kiv nq| G mgq †_‡K 1920 mvj ch©šÍ K‡qK wgwjqb `w¶Y Gkxq kÖwgK we‡k¦ Qwo‡q c‡o| we‡kl K‡i Avwd«Kvi Øxcv‡j| G‡`i A‡b‡KB Avi c‡i ¯^vaxb fvi‡Z wd‡i Av‡mwb| †ewkifvM †¶‡Î ¯’vbxq bvix‡`i we‡q K‡i Zviv †mLv‡bB Ni ewm‡q‡Q| c‡i Zviv †mLv‡b mvgvwRKfv‡e cÖwZwôZ nIqvi ci wb‡R‡`i cÖ‡qvR‡b wkw¶Z fviZxq‡`i PvKwi w`‡q wb‡q †M‡Q| †hgb gnvZ¥v MvÜx‡K Avwd«Kvq AvBbRxex wn‡m‡e wb‡q hvb ¸Riv‡Ui GK e¨emvqx| GB †cÖ¶vc‡U me‡P‡q L¨vwZgvb fviZxq Wvqvm‡cviv †jLK n‡jb wf Gm bvBcj| wZwb ˆØZ Wvqvm‡cviv †jLK| cieZx© As‡k Zuv‡K wb‡q we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv hv‡e| M. Dcwb‡ek-DËi Wvqvm‡cviv/ AvaywbK Wvqvm‡cviv : 1947 mv‡j weªwUk Jcwb‡ewkK kvmb †_‡K fviZel© ¯^vaxb n‡j Wvqvm‡cviv bZzb gvÎv cvq| e„nr-cwim‡i BD‡ivcxqGkxq Ges Av‡gwiKxq-Gkxq Wvqvm‡cviv Rb‡Mvôxi m„wó nq| wkw¶Z fviZxq Rb‡Mvôx ZLb we‡k¦ Qwo‡q co‡Q| kÖgevRv‡ii cvkvcvwk wkw¶Z ev A¨vKv‡WwgK Wvqvm‡cvivi m„wó n‡”Q| Wvqvm‡cviv mvwn‡Z¨i fviZxq ZvwË¡K weRq wgkÖ Zuvi ÔWvqvm‡cvivmÕ cÖe‡Ü ej‡Qb, Ôhy‡×vËi `w¶Y Gwkqv, Pxb, Avie Ges †Kvwiqvi RbMY weª‡Ub, BD‡ivc, Av‡gwiKv, KvbvWv Ges A‡÷ªwjqvi wewfbœ A‡j Wvqvm‡cviv Rb‡Mvôx wn‡m‡e emwZ ïiæ K‡i‡Q|Õ GB mgq `w¶Y Gwkqvi BwZnv‡m me‡P‡q eo NUbv n‡jv GKBm‡½ fviZel© ¯^vaxb Ges a‡g©i wfwˇZ wef³ nIqv| c~e© I cwðg cvwK¯Ívb (AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`k I cvwK¯Ívb) †_‡K wn›`yiv †hgb fvi‡Z †M‡Q, †Zgwb fviZ †_‡K gymjgvbiv ZrKvjxb cvwK¯Ív‡bi `yB As‡k Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q| Gfv‡e fvi‡Z Af¨šÍixY Wvqvm‡cviv Rb‡Mvôxi m„wó n‡q‡Q| `ywU wek¦hy‡×i c‡i RvZxqZv‡ev‡ai fvebvwU Zxeª n‡q DV‡j Wvqvm‡cviv Rb‡Mvôxi †fZi Aw¯Í‡Z¡i Ø›Ø ˆZwi nq| Abvevmx fviZxq wn‡m‡e Zuviv bv †nvb fviZxq, bv †nvb †h-†`‡k evm Ki‡Qb †m-†`‡ki ¯’vbxq| †hgbwU weªwUk-evsjv‡`wk b„Z¨wkíx AvKivg Lvb Zuvi Wvqvm‡cviv b„Z¨bvU¨ †`‡k ej‡Qb, ÔAvwg Avi evsjv‡`wk bB, Ges, Avwg KL‡bvB weªwUk n‡Z cvi‡ev bv|Õ ZvwË¡K weRq wgkÖ GB Kvi‡Y ej‡Qb, `ywU ms¯‹…wZi gvSLv‡b c‡o Wvqvm‡cviv Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv ms¯‹…wZB Zvi AvZ¥ïw×i wfwË wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i bv, d‡j RvwZmËvi cÖ‡kœ wkKonxb Ae¯’v ˆZwi nq| GB Kvi‡Y e¨w³i m‡½ `yÕ‡`‡ki GKUv UªvejW wi‡jkb M‡o I‡V, hv g~jZ D‡V Av‡m ¯’vbPz¨Z †jLK‡`i Mí-KweZv-Dcb¨v‡m; hv‡K Avgiv Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ ejwQ| Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ : Wvqvm‡cviv cwiw¯’wZ‡Z evm Ki‡Qb A_©vr †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y wbe©vm‡b †_‡K ev RxweKvi A‡š^l‡Y wbR †`k †Q‡o wfb‡`‡k evm Ki‡Qb Ñ Ggb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †Kv‡bv †jLK †h-m„Rbkxj mvwnZ¨ iPbv K‡ib †mwU Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨| Abyiƒcfv‡e Wvqvm‡cviv w_‡qUvi, Pjw”PÎ, wPÎKjvI GLb Avjv`vfv‡e ÷vwWi welq n‡q D‡V‡Q| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, Wvqvm‡cviv

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Ae¯’vq GKRb †jLK hv wjL‡eb †mUvB wK Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e? hw` wZwb Awfevmx Rxe‡bi msKU I wcZ…-gvZ…f‚wgi cÖwZ †h-b÷vjwRqv Ges ¶‡q hvIqv mg‡qi Rb¨ nvnvKvi wKsev AvMš‘K wn‡m‡e bZzb Rxe‡bi K_v DcRxe¨ K‡i wKQy bv †j‡Lb †mwU Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ n‡e wKbv? GK A‡_© n‡e, Avevi Av‡iK A‡_© n‡e bv| cÖZ¨¶ Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ n‡jv †mme mvwnZ¨m„wó †hLv‡b Wvqvm‡cviv Rxe‡b †_‡K ¯^‡`k (†nvgj¨vÛ) Ges AvwkÖZ †`‡ki (†nv÷j¨vÛ) ga¨Kvi Uvbvc‡ob D‡V Avm‡e| Avi hw` †Kv‡bv †jLK †h-†`‡k evm Ki‡Qb †m-†`‡ki msKU ev RbRxeb DcRxe¨ K‡i wKsev wcZ…-gvZ…f‚wgi †Kv‡bv ivR‰bwZK-mvgvwRK welq wb‡q †Kv‡bv Mí-Dcb¨vm-KweZv †j‡Lb Zvn‡j †mB cvwU©Kzjvi †U·UwU cÖZ¨¶ Wvqvm‡cvwiK †U·U wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e bv| Z‡e c‡iv¶fv‡e n‡e GB Kvi‡Y †h, †Kv‡bv †jLK ¯^‡`k (cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i Wvqvm‡cviv †jLK‡`i †¶‡Î) ev wcZ-gvZ…f‚wgi (wØZxq cÖR‡b¥i Wvqvm‡cviv †jLK‡`i †¶‡Î) cÖm½ a‡i hw` †Kv‡bv MÖš’ †j‡Lb Zvn‡j †mB MÖš’ evB‡ii †jLK wn‡m‡e ¯^‡`‡k KZUv MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv cv‡”Q †mwUI we‡eP¨ welq n‡q I‡V| †h-Kvi‡Y fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb m„wó Ges evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi gyn~‡Z©i BwZnvm wb‡q fviZxq Wvqvm‡cviv †jLK mvjgvb iækw` hLb wgWbvBU wPj‡Wªb †j‡Lb ZLb fvi‡Z Zuvi weiæ‡× ÔBwZnvm weK…wZÕi Awf‡hvM I‡V| Ges iækw`‡K ZLb Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jLK wn‡m‡e wbR †`‡ki BwZnv‡mi wek¦¯Í K_K iƒ‡c fviZxq cvVKiv we‡ePbv K‡ib bv| d‡j wgWbvBU wPj‡Wªb Wvqvm‡cvwiK †U·U bv n‡jI Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jL‡Ki †U·U wn‡m‡e cwVZ nq| †ek K‡qK eQi †_‡K BD‡ivc Ges Av‡gwiKvq †h Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jLK‡`i ivRZ¡ Pj‡Q Zvi AwaKvskB e„nr-Gkxq| G‡¶‡Î Avgiv †`LwQ ¯^‡`k ev wcZ…-gvZ…f‚‡gi †P‡q BD‡ivc-Av‡gwiKvq Gme Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jL‡Ki MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv †ewk| Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jLK‡`i GB MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv ˆZwii KviY wn‡m‡e 2017 mv‡j mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ejRqx Gkxq Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jLK Bwk¸‡iv ej‡Qb : ÔAvwki `k‡K Jcb¨vwmK wn‡m‡e weª‡U‡b Avwg †h `ªæZ RvqMv K‡i wb‡Z †c‡iwQ Gi AskZ KviY Avwg Ggb GKUv mgq wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡iwQ hLb GB be¨avivi AvšÍR©vwZKZvev‡`i eo iK‡gi Pvwn`v ˆZwi n‡qwQj| jÛ‡bi cÖKvkK, mvwnZ¨-mgv‡jvPK Ges mvsevw`Kiv Ggb GK bZzb cÖR‡b¥i †jLK‡`i †P‡q‡Qb hviv cÖPwjZ Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i HwZn¨ †_‡K Avjv`v Ñ Ges Avwg g‡b Kwi, Avgv‡K †mLv‡b mvwnZ¨g‡Âi `„k¨c‡U ¯’vb †`Iqv n‡q‡Q KviY Avgv‡K AvšÍR©vwZK †jLK e‡j Zuviv †f‡e‡Qb|Õ fviZxq Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ZË¡ : kvixwiKfv‡e ¯^‡`k †_‡K Ab¨‡`‡k P‡j †M‡jI gbUv ¯^‡`k Ges AvwkÖZ †`‡ki gvSLv‡b AvU‡K _v‡K| welYœZvi m„wó nq| †Q‡o Avmv ¯^‡`‡ki ms¯‹…wZ I ¯§„wZi Rb¨ wejvc cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ bqv-wbwg©wZ wn‡m‡e B‡›`v-wdwRqvb Kwe my‡`k wgkÖ wnw›` KweZvi Ôwe‡`wkqv Uª¨vwWkbÕ‡K MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Wvqvm‡cviv gvby‡li msKU‡K wPwýZ K‡i Wvqvm‡cviv A¨vÛ w` wWwdKvë AvU© Ae Wvwqs wk‡ivbv‡g wZwb Kve¨MÖš’I wj‡L‡Qb| Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨Z‡Ë¡i we‡eP¨ welq wn‡m‡e my‡`k wgkÖ Zuvi Wvqvm‡cviv wµwUwmRg MÖ‡š’ ej‡Qb, ÔWvqvm‡cviv mgv‡jvPbv ZË¡ ÔWvqvm‡cvivÕ aviYv‡K †K›`ª K‡i mgKvjxb mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’vi †cÖw¶‡Z ¯’vbPz¨Z Rb‡Mvôxi mvwe©K cwiw¯’wZ Zz‡j a‡i|Õ fviZxq Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ZvwË¡ K weRq wgkÖ Zu v i Ôw`

9

wjUv‡iPvi Ae BwÛqvb Wvqvm‡cviv : w_IivBwRs `¨ Wvqvm‡cvwiK Bg¨vwRbvwiÕ cÖe‡Ü ej‡Qb, ÔmKj Wvqvm‡cviv gvbyl AmyLx, Z‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡K Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i g‡Zv K‡i AmyLx| Wvqvm‡cviv ej‡Z Zv‡`i †evSvq hviv Zv‡`i cvm‡cv‡U© Aš^qmvwaZ (non-hyphenated) AvZ¥cwiwPwZ wb‡q mš‘ó bv|Õ GB Ônon-hyphenatedÕ kãeÜbx‡K Avgv‡`i mvg‡b Av‡iv †Lvjvmv K‡i‡Qb Zuvi Ô`¨ j Ae `¨ nvB‡db A¨vÛ `¨ †cv÷K‡jvwbqvj KwÛkbÕ M‡`¨| GLv‡b wZwb ej‡Qb, ÔThe hyphen — Indo-Americans, Indian-Americans, Hindu-Americans, Muslim-Britons — signals the desire to enter into some kind of generic taxonomy and yet at the same time retain, through the hyphen, the problematic situating of the self as simultaneously belonging ÔhereÕ and Ôthere.Õ wZwb Av‡iv ej‡Qb, GB ÔnvB‡dbÕ

GKBm‡½ GKRb †jL‡Ki Rb¨ †bwZevPK Ges BwZevPK AwfÁZv e‡q Av‡b| `ywU ms¯‹…wZi †gje܇b †hgb Z…Zxq GK mg„× ms¯‹…wZi Rb¥ nq, †Zgwb †fZ‡i †fZ‡i Rb¥ n‡Z _v‡K AZ…wß I AwbðqZvi| wgkÖ GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z ¯’vbPz¨Z nIqv †jLK‡`i ¯§„wZi †fZi w`‡q wb‡Ri ¯^‡`k‡K †LuvRvi cÖqvm‡K ej‡Qb Wvqvm‡cvwiK Bg¨vwRbvwi| GB †bwZevPK Ges BwZevPK AwfÁZv †Kej Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jLK‡`i g‡a¨ bq, Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jLK‡`i Kvi‡Y ¯^‡`wk †jLK I cvVK‡`i †fZ‡iI m„wó nq| fviZxq Wvqvm‡cvwiK cwÐZ Rvmwei †RBb Zuvi Ô`¨ BwÛqvb Wvqvm‡cvwiK G·‡cwi‡qÝÕ cÖe‡Ü ej‡Qb, BwZevPK w`K n‡jv Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jL‡Kiv ˆewk¦K †cÖ¶vc‡U fviZxq (ev ¯^‡`wk) BwZnvmHwZn¨ Zz‡j ai‡Qb| Zuvi fv‡l¨, Ô…histories of diaspora act like myriad mirrors which reflect on our notions of Indianness, Indian history and identity|Õ Ab¨w`‡K

Gi g›` w`K n‡jv, Wvqvm‡cviv †jLK‡`i AvšÍR©vwZK cÖfve I MÖnY‡hvM¨Zvi Kvi‡Y fviZxq †jLK‡`i wbR¯^ Kɯ^i nvwi‡q hvq| Zuvi fvlvq, ÔWvqvm‡cviv †jLKiv Avgv‡`i gZvgZ cÖKvk‡K evavMÖ¯Í K‡i, Avgv‡`i Kɯ^i‡K †iva K‡i| Ges m„Rbkxj Kv‡Ri †¶‡Î, Iiv wKfv‡e Avgv‡`i AwfÁZv, ev¯ÍeZv I BwZnvm‡K Kv‡R jvMvq †mUv wb‡q Avgv‡`i wPwšÍZ _vK‡Z nq|Õ my‡`k wgkÖ Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨‡K ZvwË¡Kfv‡e `ywU fv‡M wef³ K‡i‡Qb; GKwU ÔSugar DiasporaÕ Ab¨wU ÔMasala DiasporaÕ| Ôd«g myMvi Uz gvmvjv : ivBwUsm evB `¨ BwÛqvb Wvqvm‡cvivÕ M‡`¨ wZwb ej‡Qb, Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨-cÖm‡½ K_v ej‡Z †M‡j Avgv‡`i ÔM„nÕ (home) aviYvwU bZzb K‡i wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e; †h‡nZz Ôthis (home) occurs aginst the backdrop of the global shift from the centring or centripedal logic or monopoly capitalism to the decentering or centrifugal logic of transnational capitalism. Whereas for the Sugar Diaspora ÔhomeÕ signifies an end to itinerant wandering, in putting down the roots, ÔhomeÕ for the masala diaspora is linked to the strategic espousal of rootlessness, to the constant mantling and dismantling of the self in makeshift landscape.Õ

my‡`k wgkÖ Ae¯’vbMZfv‡e Avevi Wvqvm‡cviv‡K `yfv‡e fvM Ki‡Qb; GKwU n‡jv cyi‡bv Wvqvm‡cviv, Ab¨wU bqv Wvqvm‡cviv| cyi‡bv Wvqvm‡cvivi †fZi c‡o hviv g‡bi †`vUvbvi †fZi wdwR, wÎwb`v`, gwikvm, `w¶Y Avwd«Kv, gvj‡qwkqv Ges Mvqvbvi g‡Zv K…wlwbf©i A_©bxwZi †`k¸‡jv‡Z

10

†M‡Qb| bqv Wvqvm‡cvivi †fZi c‡o hviv A‡÷ªwjqv, hy³ivóª, KvbvWv, hy³iv‡R¨i g‡Zv evwYR¨wbf©i gnvbMi¸‡jv‡Z †M‡Qb| fviZxq bvixev`x ZvwË¡K P›`ª †gvnšÍx Zuvi ÔwWdvBwbs †R‡bjwRm : †dwgwb÷ wi‡d¬Kkbm Ab wes mvD_ Gwkqvb Bb b_© Av‡gwiKvÕ cÖe‡Ü †nvg ev M„n ej‡Z cÖkœ Ki‡Qb : M„n Avm‡j †KvbUv Ñ †hLv‡b Avwg R‡b¥wQ? †hLv‡b Avwg eo n‡q D‡VwQ? †hLv‡b Avwg †ckvRxex wn‡m‡e AvwQ? †hLv‡b Avwg Avgvi wb‡Ri †jvKRb‡K cvw”Q? Gici wZwb cÖkœ Ki‡Qb, Avgvi wb‡Ri †jvKRb ej‡Z Avwg Kv‡`i eySe? M„n wK Z‡e †fŠ‡MvwjK-Av‡eMhy³ ¯’vb? Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨ZvwË¡K‡`i Rb¨ Gme cÖkœ GLb we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡”Q| Ges Gi DËi LyuR‡Z wM‡q Zuviv Dcjwä Ki‡Qb ÔM„nÕ Avm‡j e¨w³i ivR‰bwZK-cwiP‡qi m‡½ hy³| GB aviYvi m‡½ Av‡iv KZ¸‡jv welq hy³; †hgb Ñ Av”QbœZv, ¯§„wZZvobv, c~e©cyiæ‡li BwZnvm Ges AvZ¥-A‡š^lY; hvi m¤ú~Y© cÖKvk N‡U bvBc‡ji †jLvq| wKš‘ Gfv‡e Qwei †d«‡g ev ¯§„wZwPý w`‡q AvZ¥cwiPq wbg©vY Ki‡Z †M‡j msKUI ˆZwi nq| Zzjbvg~jK mvwn‡Z¨i wk¶K iæk †jLK m‡fZjvbv eDg †h-Kvi‡Y ej‡Qb, Wvqvm‡cviv mvwn‡Z¨ nviv‡bv M„‡ni cÖwZ ¯§„wZKvZi n‡q IVvi †fZi w`‡q GKRb †jLK Zuvi ¶wqòz AvZ¥cwiPq cybtcÖwZôv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| GKB K_v bvBcjI ej‡Qb Zuvi G I‡q Bb `¨ Iqvì© Dcb¨v‡m| wZwb ej‡Qb, ÔAvgiv (Wvqvm‡cviv Rb‡Mvôx) eskvbyµ‡g hv aviY Kwi, mewKQy ey‡S Kwi bv| d‡j KL‡bv KL‡bv Avgv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Kv‡Q wb‡R‡`i AcwiwPZ g‡b nq|Õ

fviZxq Wvqvm‡cviv mvwn‡Z¨i †cÖ¶vc‡U bvBcj

GB gyn~‡Z© we‡k¦ Px‡bi ci wØZxq e„nËi Wvqvm‡cvwiK mvwn‡Z¨i †`k fviZ| fviZxq K‡qK cÖR‡b¥i bvix-cyiæl GLb msKi (nvBweªW) I Aš^qmvwaZ (nvB‡d‡b‡UW) cwiPq wb‡q we‡k¦ Qwo‡q c‡o‡Qb| Zuviv Zuv‡`i m„RbkxjZvi †fZi w`‡q ˆewk¦K gvbeZvev‡`i Ici wfwË K‡i bZzb g~j¨‡ev‡ai AbymÜvb Ki‡Qb| fviZxq Wvqvm‡cvivi msKU I m¤¢vebv‡K wb‡R‡`i mvwn‡Z¨i welqe¯‘ K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb mvjgvb iækw`, †ivwnbUb wgw¯¿, AwgZvf †Nvl, Sz¤úv jvwnox, AwbZv †`kvB, ivRv ivI, weµg †kV, AwgZ †PŠayix, wKiY †`kvB, AiæÜZx ivq, fviZx gyLvRx© †_‡K ïiæ K‡i GgwR fvmvbwR, k¨vg †mjfv`yivB, weµg P›`ª, dviæK †XvwÛ, i‡gk M‡Yk‡Kiv, †KZKx Kzkvix WvBmb, †fb †eMvgy‡`ª, wPÎv e¨vbvRx©, MxZv †gnZvi g‡Zv L¨vwZgvb †jLKiv| GgbwK iæwc KvDi, mvDbv wms evìyBb, AwLj kg©v, mܨv †gbb, ZbR fvwUqv, wbkv kg©v, mvqšÍbx `vk¸‡ßi g‡Zv bZzb †jLKivI fviZxq Wvqvm‡cvwiK Rxe‡bi msKU‡K DcRxe¨ K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb Zuv‡`i Mí-Dcb¨v‡m| Z‡e fviZxq Wvqvm‡cviv mvwn‡Z¨ bvbvw`K †_‡K cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj Ges AbyKiYxq †jLK n‡jb m`¨cÖqvZ m¨vi wf Gm bvBcj| GB †cÖ¶vc‡U GKgvÎ mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ejRqx †jLK wZwb| eyKvi cyi¯‹viI †c‡q‡Qb Wvqvm‡cvwiK MímsKjb Bb G wd« †÷‡Ui (1971) Rb¨| Wvqvm‡cvwiK Rxe‡b Zuvi g‡Zv wewPÎ AwfÁZvi gy‡LvgywL Avi †Kv‡bv †jLK nbwb| Rb¥ weªwUk Jcwb‡ewkK wÎwb`v‡`| wb‡Ri RvwZmËvi cÖ‡kœi DËi Lyu‡R‡Qb Zuvi ÔMany-Sided BackgroundÕ †_‡K| bvBc‡ji cwievi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ weªwUk fviZ †_‡K weªwUk wÎwb`v‡` hvq| Gici Avi fvi‡Z wd‡i Av‡mwb| bvBcj †mLv‡b wn›`y ms¯‹…wZ‡Z †e‡o DV‡jI wg‡k‡Qb,cov‡kvbv K‡i‡Qb wLªóvb gnjøvq| Gici A·‡dvW© wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K D”Pwk¶v †kl K‡i jÛ‡b †_‡K hvb| GB A‡_© wÎRvZxq ms¯‹…wZi †cÖ¶vcU

†_‡K †jLK bvBc‡ji Rb¥| Wvqvm‡cviv mvwnZ¨Z‡Ë¡i we‡ePbvq wZwb ˆØZ Wvqvm‡cvwiK †jLK Ñ A_©vr fviZxq-wÎwb`v`xqweªwUk †jLK wZwb| d‡j Wvqvm‡cvwiK †PZbv I wbe©vwmZ Rxe‡bi ms‡e`bkxjZv m¤ú‡K© aviYv bv wb‡q †Kv‡bv cvV‡Ki c‡¶ bvBc‡ji mvwnZ¨ m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c ey‡S IVv m¤¢e bq| eZ©gvb M‡`¨ Wvqvm‡cvwiK †d«gIqvK© †_‡K bvBc‡ji wKQy †jLvi g‡a¨ w`‡q Zuv‡K I Zuvi mvwn‡Z¨ AvZ¥cwiPq A‡š^l‡Yi welqwU wb‡q Av‡jvPbvi m~ÎcvZ NU‡e| bvBcj hLb cÖ_g †jLv‡jwLi K_v wPšÍv K‡ib ZLb †jLvi DcKiY †Kv‡bv GKwU wbw`©ó mvs¯‹…wZK cwiP‡q wba©vwiZ wQj bv| bvBcj †`L‡jb, †h Bs‡iwR fvlvq wZwb wjL‡Z Pv‡”Qb †mB Bs‡iwR mvwnZ¨-HwZn¨ Zuvi wb‡Ri bq| Avevi wÎwb`v‡` wZwb †h fviZxq Rb‡Mvôxi †fZi †e‡o D‡V‡Qb †mLv‡b fviZxq mvwnZ¨HwZn¨ e‡j wKQy `uvovqwb| Zvi †P‡q eo K_v, wÎwb`vw` ev fviZxq mvs¯‹…wZK-agx©q g~j¨‡eva bvBc‡ji †Kv‡bvw`bB cQ›` nqwb| GK mvÿvrKv‡i wZwb ej‡Qb, ÔAvwg RvbZvg, wekvj c„w_ex c‡o Av‡Q evB‡i| Avwg hv-wKQyi g‡a¨ †e‡o D‡VwQ, †mB K…wlRxex I Jcwb‡ewkK mgvR‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z cvwiwb|Õ Ggb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z GKRb bZzb †jLK wK wb‡q wjL‡eb? GB cÖkœ †_‡KB †hb †jLK bvBc‡ji Rb¥| AvZ¥cwiP‡qi GB msKU †_‡K bvBcj ey‡S †bb cÖPwjZ-cÖwZwôZ †Kv‡bv c_ Zuvi MšÍe¨hvÎv bq| wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvR‡bB Zuv‡K bZzb c_ m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e| GUvB †hb †jLK bvBc‡ji Rb¨ fweZe¨ wQj| G‡¶‡Î wZwb wKQy wb‡`©kbv †c‡q hvb Zuvi evevi KvQ †_‡K| evevi Mí †_‡K bvBcj Zuvi †jLKRxe‡bi welqe¯‘ Lyu‡R cvb| wÎwb`v‡` ZLb AwaKvsk fviZxq †ckvq kÖgRxex n‡jI bvBc‡ji evev wQ‡jb mvsevw`K| evevi †jLvi †fZi bvBcj Zuvi mvwnZ¨-HwZn¨ Lyu‡R cvb| wZwb wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi AwfÁZv‡K mÂq K‡i Av‡iv gnveqv‡bi w`‡K Szu‡K c‡ob, †cÖÿvcU wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡ib Jcwb‡ewkK Ges DËi-Jcwb‡ewkK wÎwb`v` I fviZ| DcRxe¨ n‡q I‡V wÎwb`v` I Bsj¨v‡Û emevmiZ fviZxq Wvqvm‡cviv Rb‡Mvôxi HwZnvwmK-mvs¯‹…wZK msKU| mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e wbw`©óZv‡ev‡ai Afve †_‡K bvBc‡ji †fZi Rb¥ †bq wew”QbœZv‡eva I Aw¯Í‡Z¡i msKU| bvBc‡ji ïiæi w`‡Ki Dcb¨vm¸‡jv‡Z †`wL Jcwb‡ewkK wÎwb`v`evmx Zuv‡`i wbR¯^Zvi A‡š^lY Ki‡Q| Ges AvMš‘K fviZxq‡`i Rb¨ wbR¯^Zvi welqwU ÔM„nÕ aviYvi m‡½ hy³ n‡q c‡o‡Q| †hgb G nvDR di wg. wek¦vm Dcb¨v‡m wek¦vm g‡b K‡ib, cyiæl‡Z¡i aviYvUv GKUv evwoi gvwjKvbvi m‡½ m¤ú„³| Zvi †h‡nZz wbR¯^ †Kv‡bv M„n †bB, d‡j wZwb wb‡R‡K cyiæl gvbyl wn‡m‡e A‡hvM¨ fv‡eb| evwoi gvwjKvbvi m‡½ wZwb e¨w³i cwiPq hy³ e‡j g‡b K‡ib| G †eÛ Bb `¨ wifvi Dcb¨v‡m †mwjg Zvi A¨vcvU©‡g›U‡K wb‡Ri evwo e‡j fve‡Z cv‡i bv| Av‡Mi fvovwUqvi †`qv‡j muvUv †bvsiv Qwe¸‡jv †m Zz‡j †d‡j bv, †m¸‡jv memgq Zv‡K g‡b Kwi‡q †`q GUv Zvi M„n bq| Gfv‡eB bZzb GK mvwnZ¨-HwZ‡n¨i Rb¥ nq bvBc‡ji nvZ w`‡qB| eÜz‡jLK cj †_i· h_v_©B e‡j‡Qb, ÔWith Naipaul, his tradition begins with him.Õ bvBc‡ji mvwn‡Z¨ fviZxq ¯^‡`wk, fviZxq Awfevmx, wÎwb`v`evmx I weªwUk RbMY PwiÎ n‡q DV‡jI wZwb KL‡bv Kv‡iv GKvi †jLK wn‡m‡e wPwýZ nbwb| wZwb wK fviZxq, bvwK wÎwb`v`xq, bvwK weªwUk? G-cÖ‡kœi †Kv‡bv mij DËi Zuvi †¶‡Î Avgiv Lyu‡R cvB bv| Gi AskZ KviY †Kv‡bv †`‡ki BwZnvmB bvBc‡ji wb‡Ri BwZnvm n‡q I‡Vwb| Bwk¸‡iv †hgbwU ej‡Qb,

cÖK…Z BwZnvm Av‡eM †_‡K Av‡m bv, Av‡m HwZnvwmK wew”QbœZv †_‡K| Bwk¸‡iv ej‡Qb, ÔRvcvb m¤ú‡K© Avgvi †h Rvbv‡kvbvi NvUwZ, `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai Afve, GUv Avwg g‡b Kwi Avgv‡K M„nnxb †jLK wn‡m‡e fve‡Z eva¨ K‡i‡Q| Avgv‡K wbw`©ó K‡i †Kv‡bv mvgvwRK f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z nqwb KviY Avwg weï× Bs‡iR bv, Avevi RvcvwbI bv| d‡j Avgv‡K Av¶wiK A‡_© †Kv‡bv `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z nqwb, †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó †`k ev mgvR wb‡q wjL‡Z nqwb| Kv‡iv BwZnvm Avgvi BwZnvm n‡q I‡Vwb|Õ [mv¶vrKvi; †KbRvey‡iv I‡q M„nxZ] GB Ô¯^‡`wkÕ †eva I `vqe×Zvi RvqMv †_‡K wb‡R‡K gy³ g‡b K‡i‡Qb bvBcjI| wZwb GKwU mvÿvrKv‡i e‡jb, ÔI was born in Trinidad, I have lived most of my life in England and India is the land of my ancestors. That says it all. I am not English, not Indian, not Trinidadian. I am my own person.’

[UvBgm Ae BwÛqv, 2002 †Kv‡bv RvwZMZ `vqe×Zv bv _vKv ev RvZxqZv‡ev‡ai Av‡eM Øviv AvµvšÍ bv nIqvi GKUv myweavI Av‡Q| wbg©g mZ¨I AwZ mn‡R e‡j †djv hvq| bvBcj GB myweavi PP©vUv fv‡jvg‡ZvB K‡i‡Qb| †jLK wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K K‡Vvi mgv‡jvPK wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ K‡i‡Qb| wb‡Ri Rb¥¯’vb wÎwb`v`‡K wZwb ej‡Qb Zuvi Rb¨ Ôunimportant, uncreative and cynicalÕ (The middle passage, 1962)| wZbevi wb‡Ri c~e©cyiæ‡li †`k fviZ-åg‡Yi AwfÁZv wb‡q wj‡L‡Qb wZbwU eB : A¨vb Gwiqv Ae WvK©‡bm (1964), BwÛqv : A¨vb Db‡WW wmwfjvB‡RkbÕ (1977) Ges BwÛqv : G wgwjqb wgDwUwbR bvD (1990)| eB¸‡jvi wk‡ivbvg c‡oB †evSv hvq fviZxq‡`i Rb¨ myLKi wKQy †j‡Lbwb wZwb| wZwb wj‡L‡Qb : Ôfvi‡Z †jv‡K me©Î gjZ¨vM K‡i| †ijjvB‡bi av‡i, gv‡Vi av‡i, iv¯Ívi av‡i, b`xi av‡i, mgy`ªZx‡i †Kv_vI nvM‡Z evwK iv‡L bv|Õ fviZ eûfvlvfvlx gvby‡li †`k| me fvlvi mvwnZ¨ m¤ú‡K© wek` bv †R‡bB gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb : ÔBs‡iwR Qvov Ab¨ fviZxq fvlvq GLb †Kv‡bv †jLv‡jwL n‡”Q bv|Õ fviZxq evOvwj‡`i m¤ú‡K©I Zuvi gšÍe¨ h‡_ó †bwZevPK| GK RvqMvq wj‡L‡Qb : Ô... †jvKUv Lvivc| ïay evOvwj Avi Acivax‡`i m‡½ †g‡k|Õ gymwjg-we‡k¦ mgv‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Qb Bivb, BivK, cvwK¯Ívb, B‡›`v‡bwkqv I gvj‡qwkqv åg‡Yi AwfÁZv †_‡K wjwLZ A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfvim : A¨vb BmjvwgK Rvwb© (1981) Ges weqÛ wewjd : BmjvwgK G·Kvikbm A¨vgvs `¨ Kbfv‡U©W wccjm (1998) MÖš’`ywUi Kvi‡Y| Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© bvBcj e‡jb, ÔIt (Islam)

has had a calamitous effect on converted peoples. To be converted you have to destroy your past, destroy your history. You have to stamp on it, you have to say Ômy ancestral culture does not exist, it doesnÕt matter.Õ (cv‡Vv‡b¥vPb, nvd G jvBd, KzBÝ GwjRv‡e_ nj,

Bsj¨vÛ) Avwd«Kvi DMvÛv mdiKv‡j wZwb e‡jb, ÔAvwd«Kvb‡`i Lvwj jvw_ gviv `iKvi| jvw_i fvlvUvB †Kej Zviv †ev‡S|Õ Avwd«Kvi fwel¨r m¤ú‡K© bvBcj‡K cÖkœ Kiv n‡j wZwb e‡jb, ÔAvwd«Kvi †Kv‡bv fwel¨r †bB|Õ †jLK nIqvi ¯^cœ wb‡q wZwb †h A·‡dvW© wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K D”Pwk¶v AR©b K‡ib, †mB A·‡dvW© m¤ú‡K© Zuvi gšÍe¨ n‡jv, ÔWhat I learnt from Oxford in 6 years, it took me 12 years to unlearn|Õ (XvKv wjU †d÷, XvKv 2017) Gfv‡e †Kej fviZ, Avwd«Kv wKsev gymwjgwek¦ bq, mvgwMÖKfv‡e

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2016 mv‡j XvKv wjU †d÷ D‡Øvab K‡ib wf Gm bvBcj| m‡½ wewkóR‡biv bvBcj †MvUv wek¦ wb‡qB Pigfv‡e nZvk GKRb gvbyl wQ‡jb| Zuvi cÖgvY Avgiv cvB gvwK©b ågY‡jLK I K_vmvwnwZ¨K cj †_i·‡K hLb wZwb e‡jb, ÔThe melancholy thing about the world is that it is full of stupid people; and the world is run for the benefit of the stupid and common.Õ

bvBcj Gme K_v nq‡Zv wg_¨v e‡jbwb| wKš‘ G¸‡jv AvswkK mZ¨| cy‡ivcywi mZ¨ bq| bvBcj wb‡R‡K †Kv‡bv cwiP‡qi m‡½ GKvZ¥ Ki‡Z bv cvivi Kvi‡Y wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i mZ¨‡K MÖnY I wbg©vY K‡i‡Qb| wZwb n‡q D‡V‡Qb mxgvbvnxb fvmgvb c„w_exi K_K| Gi KviY Zuvi Wvqvm‡cvwiK cwiwPwZ| GB cwiwPwZ †_‡K †ei nIqvi †Póv bv K‡i bvBcj Gi GKUv e¨vL¨v `uvo Kiv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| bv-fviZxq bv-wÎwb`v`xq, gvSvgvwS GKUv ¯^Zš¿ cwiwPwZ wbg©v‡Yi †Póv Zuvi mvwnZ¨Ry‡o Av‡Q| cÖ_g Dcb¨vm w` wgmwUK gwmD‡i (1957) Avgiv †`wL M‡Yk bv‡g GKRb fviZxq ¸iæ Jcwb‡ewkK wÎwb`v‡` ivR‰bwZKfv‡e kw³gvb n‡q DV‡Q| wÎwb`v‡` emevmiZ c~e© fviZxq Rb‡Mvôx‡K DcRxe¨ K‡i Dcb¨vmwU †jLv| Dcb¨v‡mi K_K ej‡Qb †h, M‡Y‡ki (Dcb¨v‡mi †K›`ªxq PwiÎ) BwZnvm, Avgv‡`i mg‡qi BwZnvm| Kv‡RB Avgiv a‡i wb‡Z cvwi, M‡Y‡ki ga¨ w`‡q wÎwb`v‡` fviZxq RbM‡Yi DÌvb-c‡e©i BwZnvm iwPZ nq| M‡Yk n‡jv cwðgv wk¶vq wkw¶Z nIqv c~e© fviZ †_‡K Avmv cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i cÖwZwbwa| cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i fviZxq‡`i Rb¨ mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e AvZ¥cwiPq wbg©v‡Yi KvRwU Av‡iv KwVb wQj| M‡íi K_K wK‡kvi M‡Y‡ki cÖwZ mnvbyf‚wZi

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m‡½ Zvi †m-mg‡qi msMÖv‡gi K_v DwV‡q G‡b‡Qb| ¯‹z‡j cÖ_g w`bB M‡Yk mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e wbM„nxZ nq| Ab¨vb¨ wk¶v_x© Zvi fviZxq AvPiY I †cvkvK wb‡q nvwmVvÆv K‡i| †mB cÖ_g M‡Yk fviZxq wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K mgv‡Ri cÖvwšÍK gvbyl e‡j g‡b K‡i| †m jw¾Z n‡q fviZxq cwiPq Avovj Kivi †Póv K‡i| bvBc‡ji fvlvq : Ô†m (M‡Yk) Zvi fviZxq bvg wb‡q GZUvB j¾vq c‡o hvq †h GKUv ch©v‡q e‡j †eovq †h Avm‡j Zv‡K WvKv n‡Zv M‡i_ bv‡g|Õ M‡Yk ZLb Ab¨‡`i ms¯‹…wZ bKj Kivi †Póv K‡i| †m fviZxq ¸iæwe`¨v cÖPvi Ki‡jI fviZxq Zvwš¿K‡`i †cvkvK bv c‡i, c‡i BD‡ivcxq‡`i †cvkvK| Zvi Lvev‡ii †Uwe‡j fviZxq Wvj-fvZ-iæwUi cvkvcvwk P‡j Av‡m cwðgv Lvevi| Gfv‡eB bZzb †`‡k c~e© fviZxqiv ˆØZRxeb hvcb Ki‡Z Af¨¯Í n‡q c‡o| Zviv fv‡jv K‡i Bs‡iwR ej‡Z cv‡i bv, Avevi Ab¨w`‡K wnw›` fvlv G‡Kev‡i fz‡j hvq| cÖv‡P¨i m‡½ cwð‡gi GB mvs¯‹…wZK ؇›Øi gv‡S AvUKv c‡o M‡Yk| †m hLb Zvi cÖv‡P¨i Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi m‡½ cwð‡gi Ávb‡K †gjv‡Z cv‡i, ZLbB †m mdj nq| †m hLb ej‡Z †k‡L, Ôme ag©B GKÕ, ZLbB †m wn›`y-gymwjg-wLªóvb mK‡ji gvbyl n‡q I‡V| M‡Yk fviZxq wÎwb`vw` wn‡m‡e bq, K‡jvwbqvj †cÖvWv± wn‡m‡e wbe©vP‡b Rqjvf K‡i| Gici hLb M‡Yk‡K Avgiv †jLK n‡q DV‡Z †`wL ZLb Avgv‡`i ey‡S wb‡Z mgm¨v nq bv, M‡Yk GKBm‡½ bvBc‡ji Rxebx I BwZnvm| wg¸‡qj w÷ªU (1959) MímsKj‡b ¯’vb cvIqv wZbwU M‡í DcRxe¨ wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q wÎwb`v‡` emevmiZ msL¨vjNy

c~e© fviZxq Rb‡Mvôxi mvs¯‹…wZK msKU| fvKz Bs‡iwRi cvkvcvwk wnw›` wjL‡Z cv‡i e‡j Zvi ¯¿x M‡e©i m‡½ †mwU cÖPvi K‡i †eovq| fvKziv msL¨v¸iæ wb‡MÖv‡`i m‡½ `~iZ¡ eRvq iv‡L| GLv‡b cÖ‡Z¨‡K G‡K A‡b¨i †_‡K Avjv`v| wb‡MÖviv bvix I wkï wbh©vZ‡b Af¨¯Í| eD †cUv‡bvUv fvKzi Rb¨I AvPv‡i cwiYZ nq| †m wµ‡KU †Ljvi e¨vU‡K G-Kv‡R Lye Dc‡hvMx g‡b K‡i| Zvi ¯¿xI e¨vUwU hZœ K‡i nv‡Zi Kv‡Q-wKbv‡i †i‡L †`q| `vmRxeb †_‡K †ei n‡q G‡jI †mB Rxe‡bi wKQy e`Af¨vm wb‡MÖviv Qvo‡Z cv‡iwb| Dcb¨v‡mi Aíeqmx K_K cvbkvjv I eª‡_j Mg‡b Af¨¯Í n‡q DV‡j Zvi my›`i fwel¨‡Zi K_v wPšÍv K‡i gv Zv‡K Bsj¨v‡Û cvwV‡q †`q| wg‡Mj w÷ªU MímsKj‡b bvBcj GKwU ms¯‹…wZi †fZi w`‡q Av‡iKwU ms¯‹…wZ‡K †`Lvi †Póv Ki‡Qb| ZLb wZwb Bsj¨v‡Û, BD‡ivcxq ms¯‹…wZi m‡½ gvwb‡q †bIqvi †Póv K‡i hv‡”Qb| GB Ae¯’vq wZwb GK wK‡kv‡ii `„wó w`‡q Zuvi Rb¥kni wÎwb`v‡`i eû-mvs¯‹…wZK ixwZbxwZ ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Qb| `~i †_‡K Ab¨ Av‡jvq wb‡Ri AZxZ Lbb Ki‡Qb bvBcj| M‡Y‡ki g‡Zv wg¸‡qj w÷ª‡Ui Avi me evwm›`v ˆØZRxeb hvcb K‡i, GUv Zv‡`i Ici Av‡ivwcZ ev¯ÍeZv, Ab¨Uv Zv‡`i Kíbv| cvbkvjv, ew¯Í, eª‡_j, Abvnvi, b„ksmZv Zv‡`i hvwcZ Rxe‡bi Ask| Zviv nwjD‡Wi wm‡bgv †`‡L d¨v›Uvwm RMr ˆZwi K‡i Zv‡`i AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨| Kwe we. IqvW©mIqv_© BD‡ivcxq Kwe IqvW©mIqv‡_©i ÔAvZ¥vi fvBÕ wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K fv‡eb| wZwb Bs‡iwR‡Z Zuvi gnr KweZvwU wjL‡eb e‡j cÖPvi K‡ib, wKš‘ †kl ch©šÍ GK jvB‡bi †ewk wjL‡Z cv‡ib bv| e¨w³i bvg AvaywbKKv‡j GKRb gvby‡li Aw¯Í‡Z¡i Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask n‡q D‡V‡Q| A_P we. IqvW©mIqv‡_©i bvgwU Zuvi wb‡Ri bq| GKai‡bi Aw¯Í‡Z¡i msKU †_‡K PwiÎ wb‡RB Zuvi Rb¨ Ab¨ GKwU bvg wbe©vPb K‡i‡Qb| wZwb †h-bvgwU †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb †m-bvgwU Zuvi wb‡Ri †`kxq ms¯‹…wZi ev †Mv‡Îi bvg bq| wZwb weL¨vZ Bs‡iR Kwe IqvW©mIqv‡_©i bvgwU wb‡Ri Rb¨ wbe©vPb K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Kwe n‡Z Pvb, wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i bq, IqvW©mIqv‡_©i g‡Zv K‡i| wKš‘ wZwb †h mv`v Pvgovi IqvW©mIqv_© n‡Z cvi‡eb bv, GwUI wZwb Zuvi gv_vq †i‡L‡Qb| GR‡b¨ wZwb bv‡gi Av‡M Ôwe.Õ A_©vr Ôeø¨vKÕ kãUv †hvM K‡i †i‡L‡Qb| j¶ Kivi welq, MíwUi K_K GK ¯‹zjco–qv wK‡kvi| a‡i wb‡Z cvwi bvBcj wb‡RB| d‡j cvVK mivmwi we. IqvW©mIqv‡_©i fvebvUv Rvb‡Z cvi‡Q bv| GB eY©bv‰kjx †_‡KI †evSv hvq, we. IqvW©mIqv‡_©i Aw¯ÍZ¡ A‡b¨i Kv‡Q Mw”QZ| Gfv‡eB `xN©w`b weªwUk Dcwb‡ek _vKvi Kvi‡Y wÎwb`v‡` AvMš‘K fviZxq wKsev Avwd«Kvb‡`i †fZi Aw¯Í‡Z¡i msKU †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| Zviv fzj Av‡jvq wb‡Ri †Pnviv †`Lvi †Póv Ki‡Q| GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, †h-†`kwU 1757 mvj †_‡K 1962 mvj ch©šÍ ch©vqµ‡g †¯úb, d«vÝ I Bsj¨v‡Ûi Dcwb‡ek wQj Zviv †Kb A_©bxwZ I wkÿv-`x¶vq GZ wcwQ‡q?

Jcwb‡ewkK iv󪸇jv †Zv Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i fvlvq ÔGbjvBUÕ Ki‡ZB wM‡qwQj! wg¸‡qj w÷ªU Ggb A‡bK cÖ‡kœi mvg‡b Avgv‡`i `uvo Kwi‡q †`q| AvZ¥cwiP‡qi msKU, wbR¯^Zvi AbymÜvb, AvMš‘K-Abyf‚wZ, mvs¯‹…wZKfv‡e civf‚Z hveZxq Abyl‡½i h_v_© cÖKvk N‡U‡Q bvBc‡ji gnvKvwe¨K Dcb¨vm G nvDR di wg÷vi wek¦vm-G (1961)| Dcb¨v‡mi eY©bvKvix wK‡kvi Avb›` Zvi f‚wgnxb-M„nnxb evev wg÷vi wek¦v‡mi Rxe‡bi NUbvcÖevn Zz‡j a‡i‡Q| Avgiv Rvwb, bvBcj Zuvi wb‡Ri Ges evevi Rxe‡bi QvqvPwiÎ wn‡m‡e m„wó K‡i‡Qb G-`yB PwiÎ| Dcb¨v‡mi cÖ_g

As‡k bvBcj wÎwb`v‡` AvL-Pv‡li kÖwgK wn‡m‡e fviZel© †_‡K Avmv †jvKR‡bi wn›`yagx©q AvPvi, Kzms¯‹vi, `k©b I ms¯‹…wZ PP©v wb‡q K_v e‡j‡Qb| wcZ…gvZ…f‚wg †_‡K Zviv nvRvi nvRvi gvBj `~‡i bZzb †`‡k G‡m Zv‡`i wbR¯^ K…wó †hb Av‡iv cÖejfv‡e a‡i ivL‡Z PvB‡Q| wfb‡`‡k GK UzK‡iv ¯^‡`k ˆZwi Kivi AvKzwZ †_‡K Zviv †Rvi †`q Zv‡`i †d‡j Avmv ms¯‹…wZ‡K wUwK‡q ivL‡Z| wKš‘ Jcwb‡ewkK kw³ Av‡iv cÖej mvg_©¨ wb‡q AvNvZ K‡i| wn›`y‡`i A‡b‡KB GLb g„Z‡`i kixi k¥kv‡b bv wb‡q Kei¯’ K‡i| ïiæ‡Z wn›`ymgv‡R GK Rv‡Zi bvix-cyiæ‡li m‡½ Ab¨ Rv‡Zi bvix-cyiæ‡li we‡q †g‡b †bIqv bv n‡jI c‡i GB RvZ-†f`v‡f` D‡V hvq| Z‡e mvs¯‹…wZK wW‡jgv Zv‡`i †fZi †_‡K hvq| †hgb, wg÷vi wek¦vm‡K KvbvWxq wgkb ¯‹z‡j fwZ© Kiv n‡jI c‡i Zv‡K cwÐZ Rqiv‡gi Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv nq| †jv‡Ki evwo‡Z †_‡K KvR wkL‡Z wM‡q wek¦vm †Pv‡ii Acev` wb‡q evwo wd‡i Av‡m| gv‡K `„pZvi m‡½ e‡j, ÔI am going to get a job of my own. And am going to get my own house too.Õ wg. wek¦vm gvÎ 46 eQi eq‡m gviv hvq|

wKš‘ †m †kl ch©šÍ wb‡R GKUv evwoi gvwjK nq| d‡j M„‡ni cÖ‡kœ fviZxq wÎwb`vw`iv Avi Gwkqvi cwiP‡q cwiwPZ _v‡K bv, Zviv ZLb bZzb c„w_exi Ask n‡q I‡V| bvBcj ej‡Qb, ÔImmigrants are people on their own. They cannot be

judged by the standards of their older culture. Culture is like language, ever developing. There is no right and wrong; no purity from which there is decline. Usage sanctions everything.Õ

`¨ wgwgK †gb (1967) Dcb¨v‡m iwÄZ K…cvj wms bv‡g GK K¨vwiweqvb ivRbxwZK jÛ‡b ivR‰bwZK wbe©vm‡b †_‡K Zuvi AvZ¥Rxebx wjL‡Qb| wZwb Ggb GK AZxZ wb‡q wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Qb †hLv‡b Zuvi wbR¯^ Aw¯ÍZ¡ MÖwš’Z nIqvi Av‡MB ejv n‡q‡Q, Zzwg †Zvgvi M„nZ¨vM K‡iv Ges Avi KL‡bv wd‡i G‡mv bv| GB Ae¯’vq iwÄZ wms Kxfv‡e wjL‡eb Zuvi AvZ¥K_b? wms‡qi evev-gv fviZ †_‡K weªwUk Jcwb‡ewkK K¨vwiexq Øx‡c Av‡m| GLv‡b Zvi Rb¥ nq| Dcb¨v‡m Bmv‡ejv kn‡i fviZxq †hŠ_ cwiev‡i †e‡o IVvi w`b¸‡jvi K_v Zz‡j a‡i iwÄZ wms| bvBcj GLv‡b Bmv‡ejv Ges jÛ‡bi gv‡S AvU‡K hvIqv K…cvj wms‡qi ga¨ w`‡q Jcwb‡ewkK K¨vwiexq A‡j fviZxq Rb‡Mvôxi AvZ¥cwiP‡qi msKU Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| wms Zuvi AvZ¥Rxebx wjL‡Qb jÛ‡b e‡m, †hwU Zuvi wb‡Ri †`k bq, †h-†`kwU Zuvi Rb¥f‚wg †mwU Avevi Zuvi wcZvgvZvi †`k bq| I‡q÷ BwÛ‡R cÖ_g cÖR‡b¥i fviZxq wn‡m‡e Zuv‡K mvs¯‹…wZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, cvwievwiK, ivR‰bwZK meai‡bi msK‡Ui †fZi w`‡q †h‡Z n‡q‡Q| Bb G wd« †÷U (1971) MÖ‡š’ bvgM‡íi cvkvcvwk welqmswkøó Av‡iv `ywU Mí ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| ÔIqvb AvDU Ae g¨vwbÕ M‡í m‡šÍvl e‡¤^‡Z KvR K‡i| hLb Zvi gvwjK IqvwksUb wWwm‡Z P‡j hv‡eb e‡j wVK nq, ZLb m‡šÍvl MÖv‡g Zvi `wi`ª cwiev‡ii Kv‡Q wd‡i bv wM‡q gvwj‡Ki m‡½ Av‡gwiKvq P‡j Av‡m| GLv‡b AvmvgvÎB †m wb‡R‡K ewnivMZ wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i| †`kZ¨v‡Mi Rb¨ Zvi g‡b Aby‡kvPbvi Rb¥ nq| Gfv‡eB bvBcj Zuvi cÖvq cÖwZwU Mí-Dcb¨v‡m I‡q÷ BwÛ‡R emevmiZ fviZxq‡`i mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK, kvixwiK Ges gvbwmK ¯’vbPz¨‡Zi welqwU DwV‡q G‡b‡Qb| wZwb wb‡R wgkÖ ms¯‹…wZi †fZi AvZ¥cwiPq AbymÜvb K‡i‡Qb| wg. wek¦v‡mi wbR¯^ evwoi A‡š^lY bvBc‡ji †mB cÖZxKx A‡š^lY| r

13

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†bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi nv‡Z wf Gm bvBcj

`ywe©bxZ K_vmvwnwZ¨K wf Gm bvBcj

86

Av›`vwje ivk`x

Zg Rb¥w`‡bi GK mßvn Av‡M cÖqvZ n‡jb Bs‡iwR fvlvi me‡P‡q `vcy‡U †jLK, †bv‡ej weRqx wf Gm bvBcj| ¯^‡`kwe‡Ølx, ci‡`kwe‡Ølx, bvixwe‡Ølx, ¯¿xwe‡Ølx (AšÍZ ¯¿x c¨vwUªwmqvi g„Zz¨ Zuvi wbg©gZvi cÖgvY †`q), Kv‡jv gvbylwe‡Ølx, mv`v gvbylwe‡Ølx, wbR Avg‡ji Ges Av‡Mi Avg‡ji †jLKwe‡Ølx, Bmjvgwe‡Ølx, wLªóvbwe‡Ølx, wn›`ywe‡Ølx, Ggb †Kv‡bv A½b †bB, †hLv‡b bvBc‡ji we‡Ø‡li ev®ú jv‡Mwb| ZviciI wZwb wcÖq †jLK| bvBcj XvKv G‡mwQ‡jb mvwnZ¨-Drm‡e, gvwZ‡q †M‡Qb| wZwb wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ-msK‡Ui K_v e‡j‡Qb : ÔBsj¨v‡Û Avwg Bs‡iR bB, fvi‡Z fviZxq bB|Õ wZwb Aweivg

15

ˆewiZv m„wó K‡i †M‡Qb, eÜz‡K kÎæ‡Z cwiYZ K‡i‡Qb| Avwg gy» n‡q GKmgq wf Gm bvBcj c‡owQ| 1976-G Avgvi Abyev‡` bvBc‡ji wg¸‡qj w÷ª‡Ui GKwU Aby‡”Q` Ôg¨vbg¨vbÕ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k Ges evsjv fvlvq m¤¢eZ GwUB cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ bvBcj| bvBc‡ji A‡bK mgv‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jI cÖqvZ GB †jLK‡K kÖ×v Rvbv‡ZB GB wbeÜ|

wf Gm bvBcj †K?

wf Gm bvBcj †K Zv †evSvi Rb¨ Zuvi wb‡Ri wKQy K_v D×…Z KiwQ : ÔAvwg memgqB RvbZvg Avwg †K| †Kv_v †_‡K G‡mwQ| Avwg wb‡Ri Rb¨ KL‡bv A‡b¨i Rwgi †LuvR Kwiwb|Õ Ô†jLK n‡Z n‡j †Zvgv‡K c„w_exi c‡_ †e‡iv‡Z n‡e, c„w_ex‡Z SzuwK wb‡Z n‡e, c„w_ex‡Z wb‡R‡K Wzwe‡q ivL‡Z n‡e, c„w_exi †Luv‡R †e‡iv‡Z n‡e| eqm †e‡o †M‡j KvRUv KwVb n‡q c‡o| eq¯‹ gvby‡li †ejvq gvby‡li w`b¸‡jv †QvU, ZLb evB‡i hvIqv I evB‡ii c„w_ex‡Z wb‡R‡K Wzwe‡q ivLv KwVb n‡q c‡o|Õ Ôc„w_exi e¨vcv‡i welv`gq welqwU n‡”Q GwU ïay Avnv¤§‡K cwic~Y©| Avi Avnv¤§KRb I mvaviYR‡bi jv‡fi Rb¨ c„w_ex cwiPvwjZ n‡q _v‡K|Õ cvVK-cQ›` †jLK n‡jI J×Z¨, `ywe©bxZ AvPiY Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv GK‡c‡k gšÍ‡e¨i Rb¨ mgv‡jvP‡Ki AbyMÖn wZwb †Zgb cvbwb| g~jZ wdKkb †jLK wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk| Ges cÖwZwôZ| eyKvi I †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf Ki‡jI †ewk Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q Zuvi bb-wdKkb| wewfbœ iƒp gšÍ‡e¨i Kvi‡Y eiveiB Av‡jvPbvq wQ‡jb| GgbwK g„Zz¨i ciI †jLv n‡q‡Q ÔbvBcj KvD‡KB Qvo †`bwb Ñ Jcwb‡ewkK kvmK‡KI bv, Dcwb‡e‡k kvwmZ cÖRv‡`iI bv|Õ bq/GMv‡iv-cieZx© ivR‰bwZK ms‡e`bkxjZv †bv‡ej KwgwU‡K m¤¢eZ Lye ¯úk© K‡iwb| bZzev wdwjc †nbkvi hv e‡j‡Qb Zvi gv‡b, Bmjvg-wb›`vi A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfv‡m©i †jL‡Ki e¨vcv‡i Zuv‡`i mZK© nIqviB K_v wQj| 2001 mv‡ji †bv‡ej mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi weRqx wew`qvai myiRcÖmv` bvBcj 17 AvM÷, 1932 MÖvgxY wÎwb`v‡`i Pv¸qvbvm MÖv‡g GKwU `wi`ª wn›`y cwiev‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| evev †cimv` bvBcj, gv †`ªvqvcwZ; cwiev‡ii wØZxq mšÍvb| 1880-i `k‡K Zuvi wcZvgn-wcZvgnx fviZ †_‡K wÎwb`v‡`i AvL‡ÿ‡Zi wVKv kÖwgK wn‡m‡e †`kvšÍwi nb; ZLb `vmcÖ_v Aejyß n‡Z P‡j‡Q; AvLPv‡li Rb¨ m¯Ív kÖwgK Avbv †m-mgq Awbevh© n‡q c‡owQj| bvBc‡ji evev †cimv` mvsevw`KZv Ki‡Zb, Zuvi LvwbKUv mvwn‡Z¨i D”PvkvI wQj| 1929-G wZwb wÎwb`v` MvwW©qvb cwÎKvq †jLv cÖKvk Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| wZwb Pv¸qvbvm cÖwZwbwai `vwqZ¡I cvb| bvBc‡ji wcZvgn, Zuvi `vwe Abyhvqx, eªvþY cwÐZ wQ‡jb| cieZx© mg‡q Zuvi cwiev‡i ag©vbyivM AšÍwn©Z nq, GgbwK Zuviv ax‡i ax‡i fviZxq fvlv †_‡KI m‡i hvb| †klw`‡K bvBc‡ji gv‡qi e¨eüZ GKgvÎ fviZxq kã wQj Ô†eUvÕ| mevB ¯’vbxq Bs‡iwR‡Z avZ¯’ n‡q I‡Vb| bvBcj hLb mvZ, cwieviwU Pv¸qvbv‡mi MÖvg †Q‡o wÎwb`v‡`i ivRavbx †cvU© Ae †¯ú‡b P‡j Av‡m, bvBcj †mLvbKvi weªwUk g‡W‡j ¯’vwcZ KzBb&m iqvj K‡jR †_‡K cvk K‡ib Ges wZwb Jcwb‡ewkK GB ¯^cœnxb cwi‡ek †_‡K gyw³i Rb¨ Aw¯’i n‡q I‡Vb Ges miKvwi e„wË wb‡q A·‡dvW© wek¦we`¨vj‡q cov‡kvbv Ki‡Z P‡j hvb|

16

1955 mv‡ji MÖx‡®§i GK Aciv‡nè bvBcj wj‡L †dj‡jb Ô†evMvU©Õ Ñ wg¸‡qj w÷ª‡Ui cÖ_g Gwc‡mvW| m‡Z‡ivwU Gwc‡mv‡Wi mgš^‡q wg¸‡qj w÷ªU| ZLbB cÖKvk Ki‡Z m¤§Z n‡jb bv cÖKvkK| Zuvi AvksKv Ñ AcwiwPZ K¨vwiweqvb †jL‡Ki eB hw` wewµ bv nq| cÖKvkK Zuv‡K Dcb¨vm wjL‡Z ej‡jb| 1955-i ki‡Z wZwb wjL‡jb `¨ wgw÷K g¨vwmIi Ñ Gi gv‡b n‡Z cv‡i AZxw›`ªq A½g`©bKvix| 8 wW‡m¤^i, 1955 cÖKvkK Dcb¨vm cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ MÖnY Ki‡jb, bvBcj †c‡jb GKk cuwPk cvDÛ| bvBcj `k-GMv‡iv eQi eqm †_‡KB Rvb‡Zb wZwb †jLKB n‡eb| wZwb †jLKB n‡q‡Qb| Dcwb‡ek †_‡K kvm‡Ki iv‡R¨ D‡V G‡m `vc‡Ui m‡½ ivRZ¡ K‡i‡Qb, †bv‡ej cÖvBR wR‡Z‡Qb, bvBUûW †c‡q‡Qb; eû gvby‡li AcQ‡›`i †jLK nIqvi ciI Cl©Yxq cvVK-fvM¨ Zuvi| wKš‘ wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvgvi eB †K co‡e Avi †K co‡e bv GB mgm¨v wb‡q Avwg KL‡bv fvwewb| hw` fveZvg Zvn‡j m¤¢eZ †jLv‡jwL †Q‡o w`Zvg| Avwg e¨vcviUv‡K Gfv‡e KL‡bv †`wLwb, Avwg mvwn‡Z¨i weï×Zvq wek¦vm K‡iwQ| Avwg wek¦vm K‡iwQ †KD hw` †j‡Lb Ges Zv hw` fv‡jv †jLv nq Zvn‡j Zvi cvVK _vK‡eB|Õ

†jLK‡`i †Pv‡L bvBcj

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bvBc‡ji wÎwb`v`

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wewPÎ mvs¯‹…wZK Aeqe D‡V G‡m‡Q Jcwb‡ewkK AZxZ †_‡K, †mLvbKvi AwaKvsk gvbyl BwÛqvb I Avwd«Kvb es‡kv™¢‚Z| me‡P‡q eo ¯^xK…wZcÖvß wÎwb`v‡`i mšÍvb †bv‡ej mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi weRqx †jLK wf Gm bvBcj| wØZxq gnvhy‡×vËi †kÖô weªwUk †jLK‡`i Ab¨Zg cÖavb wZwb| 1989 mv‡j wZwb bvBUûW jvf K‡ib, 2001 mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi| wÎwb`v‡` emev‡mi AwfÁZv †_‡K D‡V G‡m‡Q Zuvi Dcb¨vm| Bs‡iwR fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨ Zuvi AvwacZ¨, co‡Z eva¨ Kiv M`¨ I weei‡Yi †Rvi mvdvB †M‡q‡Qb †k¦ZZ¡K Bswjk †jLKivB Ñ wKš‘ Zuvi M‡`¨i Mfx‡i AÜKvi ¸ß‡mªv‡Z jywK‡q Av‡Q eY©ev` Ñ Zuvi wb‡Ri †`‡ki RbM‡Yi weiæ‡× Ges Zv †Lvjv‡gjvfv‡eB|Õ bvBcj †hfv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb ev¯Í‡ei wÎwb`v` Zvi †P‡q †ek LvwbKUv wfbœ, Zuvi weeiYxi †P‡q †ewk HK¨e×| bvBcj †hme gvby‡li ¯’weiZv wb‡q VvÆv K‡i‡Qb ZvivB cyi‡bv ivR‰bwZK w¯’Zve¯’v †f‡O wccjm b¨vkbvj gyf‡g›U‡K ÿgZv †_‡K mwi‡q cvðv‡Z¨i MYZvwš¿K g‡W‡j †fvU w`‡q wccjm cvwU©wm‡ckb‡K Rqx K‡i‡Qb Ges †`‡ki cÖ_g bvix cÖavbgš¿x Kgjv †cimv` we‡k¦k¦i‡K ÿgZvq ewm‡q‡Qb| bvBc‡ji K_v mZ¨ n‡j GZ eo cwieZ©b NUv‡bv m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| ZviciI eY©ev`x †h-†ik i‡q †M‡Q Zv `vm‡Z¡i Kvj Ges weªwUk Jcwb‡ewkK kvmbKv‡ji| nxbgb¨Zvi exR †Zv R‡b¥i ciciB Wªvg wcwU‡q wkïi Kv‡b XzwK‡q †`Iqv nq Ñ bvBc‡ji Dcb¨vm wg¸‡qj w÷ªU Ges A¨v nvDR di wg÷vi wek¦vm G KvRwU K‡i‡Q| bvBcj Dcwb‡ekev`x ms¯‹…wZ wb‡q Rxebhvc‡bi wZ³ wPÎ Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb, Dcwb‡ek ¯’vcbKvix‡`i m¤§vb bvBUûW mvb‡›` MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| be¨ Dcwb‡ekev‡`i c‡ÿB cÖKvivšÍ‡i wj‡L †M‡Qb| wiPvW© myWvb g‡b K‡ib, ÔweªwUk Dcwb‡ekev`x kvmb †_‡K gy³ nIqvi †h Drme, †h Kvwb©fvj wfGm bvBcj D`hvcbKvix wÎwb`v`evmxi bvwoi ¯ú›`b eyS‡Z cv‡ibwb| wZwb wÎwb`vw`qvb †h-AnsKvi Zv Abyaveb K‡ibwb|Õ wÎwb`v` m¤ú‡K© wfGm bvBc‡ji wb‡Ri Kx g~j¨vqb? wZwb wj‡L‡Qb : ÔwÎwb`v`‡K RwUj g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ huviv wÎwb`v`‡K Rv‡bb Zuviv †ek fv‡jvB Rv‡bb GB mij, Jcwb‡ewkK GKwU Amf¨ mgvR|Õ wÎwb`v` wb‡q Zuvi Av‡iv K_v : ÔAvwg GK ÿz`ª RvqMvq †e‡o DwV Ges hLb ZiæY ZLbB †mB RvqMvUv †Q‡o hvB Ges e„nËi c„w_ex‡Z cÖ‡ek Kwi|Õ wZwb Av‡iv wj‡L‡Qb, ÔwÎwb`v‡` wKQyB ˆZwi nqwb|Õ GLv‡b GUvI ejv Avek¨K, bvBc‡ji Bsj¨vÛ ¯‘wZI wb®‹jyl bq| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÔBsj¨v‡Ûi gvbyl wb‡R‡`i Avnv¤§K nIqv wb‡q †ek Me© K‡i _v‡K|Õ

bvBc‡ji fviZ

2001 mv‡j †Pj‡Ubnvg mvwnZ¨-Drm‡e Zuvi m~Pbv-e³‡e¨ bvBcj e‡jb, ÔAvgvi g‡Zv gvbyl hw` mgvR wb‡q wj‡L †h-mgv‡Ri †Kv‡bv eyw×e„wËK Rxeb †bB, gvbyl ÿzä nq| Zviv hw` eBUv c‡o Ñ AwaKvsk †ÿ‡Î Zviv eB c‡o bv Ñ wKš‘ Zviv Aby‡gv`b Pvq| ... GLb fvi‡Zi DbœwZ n‡q‡Q, eB¸‡jv M„nxZ n‡q‡Q (eB¸‡jv gv‡b wZbwU fviZwelqK eB : A¨vb Gwiqv Ae WvK©‡bm, G I‡ÛW wmwfjvB‡Rkb Ges BwÛqv : G wgwjqb wgDwUwbR bvD)| ÔPwjøk eQi Av‡M fvi‡Zi gvbyl agx©q cÖ_ve„‡Ë ew›` wQj, Ab¨vb¨ w`‡Ki g‡a¨ Gw`K w`‡qI Avwg fviZ‡K mvnvh¨ K‡iwQ|Õ fviZ wb‡q †jLv A¨vb Gwiqv Ae WvK©‡bm-G Zuvi nZvkv cÖwZdwjZ wK bv GK K‡_vcK_‡b LykešÍ wms Zuv‡K wR‡Ám

17

Ki‡j bvBcj Reve †`b : ÔGUv nZvkv bq, Avwg AvnZ n‡qwQjvg| GUv Avgvi Rb¨ eo ai‡bi ÿZ| Avcbv‡K g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e Avgiv wÎwb`v‡`i Lye nZvk GKwU m¤úÖ`vq| fviZ wb‡q Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q †Kv‡bv Mí wQj bv| Avgiv a‡i wb‡qwQjvg, wÎwb`v‡` Avmvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i c~e©cyiæliv fqvbK †Kv‡bv RvqMv †Q‡o G‡m‡Qb| Avgv‡`i fviZ-aviYv eo wbg©g| G‡`kUv Avm‡j †Kgb, Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q KL‡bv eY©bv Kiv nqwb| Kv‡RB fviZ KL‡bv Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q mZ¨ n‡q I‡Vwb, Avwg hLb cÖ_g GLv‡b Avwm fviZ wb‡q †jLvi c~Y© cÖ¯‘wZ Avgvi wQj bv|Õ wZwb g‡b K‡ib, Ôevei †h fvi‡Z evewi gmwR` ˆZwi K‡iwQ‡jb Zv wQj N„Yvi dmj| wZwb †gv‡UI fviZ‡cÖwgK wQ‡jb bv| ... wLªóev`x I Bmjvgcwš’ DfqB ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ Amwnòz| Zv‡`i BwZnvm AmwnòzZvi BwZnvm| AÜKvi BwZnvm wLªóvb‡`iI| ÔKv‡jv eyw×e„wËÕ w`‡q fvi‡Z wbg©gfv‡e wLªóa‡g©i cÖ‡ek N‡U‡Q|Õ bvBcj Avwki `k‡Ki gvSvgvwS mg‡q fvi‡Z G‡jb| ivRxe MvÜx ZLb cÖavbgš¿x| fvi‡Zi ivR‰bwZK I A_©‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ wb‡q wZwb †R¨ô †Kv‡bv ivRbxwZwe‡`i m‡½ Avjvc Ki‡Z PvB‡jb| LykešÍ wms g‡b Ki‡jb, gwš¿mfvi `y-GKRb Qvov Ab¨iv nq‡Zv bvBc‡ji bvgB †kv‡bbwb| Ggb Kv‡ivi m‡½ mvÿvr `yc‡ÿi Rb¨ weeªZKi n‡e| wZwb ivgwbevm wga©vi m‡½ mvÿvr Kiv‡jb| bvBcj wew¯§Z n‡jb †h, GB gš¿x Zuvi

18

me †jLvB c‡o‡Qb| wZwb cÖkœ Ki‡jb, ÔAZzjbxqÕ, Ômf¨Õ Ñ G-gvbylwU GLv‡b (ivRbxwZ‡Z) Kx K‡ib? bvBcj †j‡Lb : ÔAvgvi wcZ…cyiæ‡li †`‡ki cÖwZ AvMÖn I AbymwÜrmv †_‡K cÖ_g fvi‡Z Avwm| fviZ m¤ú‡K© Avwg hvB wjwL Zvi Rb¨ Avgvi cÖKvkK wKQy AvMvg UvKvI w`‡jb| UvKvi AsK †QvU wKš‘ †c‡q Avwg ¯^w¯Í‡eva Kwi| †Kgb K‡i fvi‡Z G‡Mve Avgvi Rvbv wQj bv| †kl ch©šÍ Avgv‡K c_ Luy‡R wb‡Z n‡q‡Q| Avwg fvi‡Z wM‡qwQjvg| †Mwijv Kg©Kv‡Ði m‡½ RwoZ wKQy gvby‡li m‡½ K_v e‡jwQ, ga¨weË cwievi †_‡K Avmv Ñ duvcv Ges †evKv| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv wecøex gwngv wQj bv, G‡Kev‡iB bv|Õ GwU Zuvi cieZx© Abyaveb| wZwb †`‡L‡Qb, wecøeI mvgwqK ¯^v‡_©i GKwU gva¨g n‡q D‡V‡Q|

bvBc‡ji Avwd«Kv

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Rxe‡bi mg¯Í wKQyi we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv, Af¨vm, eÜzZ¡ me Avgv‡`i Rb¨ wewQ‡q †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ †jLv‡jwLi inm¨ i‡qB hv‡e| hZ wPËvKl©KB †nvK †Kv‡bv `wjj-`¯Ív‡eR Avgv‡`i †mLv‡b wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡e bv| Av‡jvKm¤úvZ K‡i‡Qb, mv`v gvbyl †m-c‡_ KL‡bv G‡Mvqwb| Aiwe›` Avw`Mv e‡j‡Qb, ÔbvBc‡ji Avwd«Kvbiv ÔwgwgK g¨vbÕ (1967-†Z cÖKvwkZ bvBc‡ji Dcb¨vm wgwgK g¨vb †_‡K bvgwU †bIqv) Zviv cwð‡gi cÖwZôvbmg~n Ñ miKvi, AvBb, cywjk BZ¨vw` Zv‡`i Rb¨ KZUv jvMmB Zv bv †f‡eB AbyKiY K‡i e‡j‡Q, AmsMwZc~Y© cÖwZôvb Zv‡`i mgvR †f‡O LvbLvb K‡i w`‡”Q Ges K…ò gnv‡`k Ñ WvK© Kw›U‡b‡›Ui †h eûj PwP©Z aviYv Zv‡K Av‡iv kw³kvjx K‡i Zzj‡Q| bvBc‡ji e¨w³Z¡ I iæwP Zuvi `¨ gv¯‹ Ae Avwd«Kvi mvivrmvi AcniY K‡i wb‡q‡Q| wZwb hLb Rvb‡jb AvBfwi †Kv‡÷i gvbyl RxešÍ weovj †m× K‡i Lvq (bvBcj wb‡R K¨vU cvimb Ñ weovjwcÖq gvbyl), wZwb wm×v‡šÍ †cuŠ‡Q †M‡jb †h, †MvUv †`kUvB ev‡R, Ac`v_©| ivbœvN‡i weovj wb‡q GB wbg©gZvi Kvi‡Y AvBfwi †Kv‡÷i meB Zuvi Kv‡Q ¸iæZ¡nxb n‡q DVj| Aiwe›` Avw`Mv Av‡iv wj‡L‡Qb : ÔcieZx© mg‡q wZwb †R‡b‡Qb `wÿY Avwd«Kvq ag©vPvi I Rv`y‡Uvbvi Rb¨ wewfbœ Rš‘i bvwofzuwo †ei K‡i †djv nq; G‡Z Zuvi Kv‡Q cy‡iv AÂjwUB Agvby‡li AÂj n‡q DVj|Õ bvBcj wjL‡jb, ÔAvwg g‡b K‡iwQ GUv fqsKi e¨vcvi, GUv fxlY nZvkvi e¨vcvi| `wÿY Avwd«Kvi gvbyl‡K A‡bK eo msMÖvg Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| Avwg Avkv K‡iwQjvg eo msMÖvg Zv‡`i eo gvby‡l cwiYZ Ki‡e|Õ Avwd«Kv Zuvi Kv‡Q weovj †m× Kivi Avi Miæi bvwofzuwo †ei Kivi gnv‡`k n‡q iBj| ÔAvgvi ˆkk‡e Avgvi g‡b Av‡Q ÔKv‡jvÕ Ñ eø¨vK wQj GKwU AcgvbRbK kã| eis †jvKRb Kv‡jvi e`‡j ÔKvjvW©Õ ïb‡Z cQ›` KiZ; ÔAvwd«KvbÕ ejvUv wQj AcgvbRbK : cwiw¯’wZ Mvqvbv‡Z GKUz wfbœ wQj, †mLv‡b ÔAvwd«KvbÕ e¨eüZ n‡Zv, wKš‘ wb‡MÖv wQj AcgvbRbK kã| Avi GLb Kv‡jv Lye RbwcÖq Ges Keyj K‡i †bIqv kã|Õ wKš‘ †mB Kv‡jv Avwd«Kvi fwel¨r wK? bvBcj PuvQv Reve w`‡jb, ÔAvwd«Kvi †Kv‡bv fwel¨r †bB|Õ

Av‡R©›UvBb †Uii : wbR©bZvi AvZsK

ivóªxq mš¿vm bvBc‡ji `„wó Govqwb| 1977-G ey‡q‡bm AvB‡im Ny‡i G‡m wjL‡jb : Av‡R©w›Ubvq NvZK Mvwo Ñ †h-Mvwo‡Z `vdZwiK e›`yKavixiv Zv‡`i Kv‡R †e‡ivq Zvi bvg †dvW© d¨vjKbm| Av‡R©w›Ubv‡ZB ˆZwi nq d¨vjKb, k³ †QvU Mvwo, Mvwoi †Pnvivi †Zgb †Kv‡bv ˆewkó¨ †bB Ñ nvRvi nvRvi Mvwo iv¯Ívq| wKš‘ NvZK d¨vjKb †`L‡jB †Pbv hvq| Gme Mvwo‡Z †Kv‡bv jvB‡mÝ †cøU _v‡K bv| Gme Mvwo mv`vwm‡a Kvc‡o civ gvbyl cwienb K‡i Ñ G Mvwoi Dcw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z nq, gvbyl KL‡bv KL‡bv `uvovq †`‡L| K‡qK mßvn Av‡M Zviv UzKgz ¨vb DËivÂj kn‡ii cÖavb PZ¡‡i `uvwo‡qwQj Ges †`LwQj miKvwi m`i `dZ‡ii mvg‡b Aa©eË„ vKvi WªvBfI‡q‡Z d¨vjKb¸‡jv cvK© Kiv; febwU Dwbk kZ‡Ki BD‡ivwcqvb Kvw›Uª nvD‡Ri g‡Zv mvRv‡bv cv_‡i Mo, eviv›`vq Ges mh‡Zœ jvwjZ A‡bKUv

Õ

MÖx®§gÐjxq evMv‡b †gwkbMvb nv‡Z BwÛqvb ˆmb¨ Ñ †mLvb †_‡K GKSjK BDwbdg©, n¨vÛ‡kK, m¨vjyU †`Lv hvq Ñ hZÿY bv mv`v †cvkv‡Ki gvbyl¸‡jv AwfRvZ wkKvi`‡ji m`‡m¨i g‡Zv †b‡g G‡m jy‡Kv‡bv †gwkb wb‡q cÖk¯Í c`‡ÿ‡c †QvU d¨vjK‡b Av‡ivnY K‡i, MwZ bv evwo‡q, mvB‡ib bv evwR‡q Mvwo Pj‡Z _v‡K| GB bxieZvi Kx bvUKxq cwiYwZ KZ…c © ÿ Zv †`L‡Z Af¨¯Í n‡q †M‡Q Ñ GUv mš¿v‡mi GKwU Ask, †h-mš¿v‡mi Abyfe me©Î| ... Av‡Mi w`b¸‡jv‡Z hy×Uv wQj †Mwijv ebvg GKw`‡K †mbvevwnbxi GKvsk, Ab¨w`‡K cywjk| GLb hy× mevB‡K ¯úk© K‡i‡Q| MYg‡Â GLb MYmš¿vm| bvBcj †h-wPÎ Gu‡K‡Qb Zv †Kej Av‡R©w›Ubvi bq, Avgv‡`iI|

†nbwi †Rgm : c„w_exi me‡P‡q ev‡R †jLK!

†jLK hw` ˆewiZv m„wó Ki‡Z bv cv‡ib wZwb g„Z Ñ GwU bvBc‡ji K_v| G-Kvi‡YB wZwb µgvMZ ˆewiZv m„wó K‡i P‡j‡Qb| wZwb †nbwi †Rgm‡K e‡j‡Qb, Ôc„w_exi me‡P‡q ev‡R †jLK|Õ †nbwi †Rg‡mi `¨ †cv‡U©ªU Ae A¨v †jwW, `¨ DBsm Ae `¨ Wvf, `¨ A¨v¤^vmvWm© weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm| Av‡b©÷ †nwgsI‡qi g‡Zv wek¦e‡iY¨ K_vwkíx m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔwZwb Rvb‡Zb bv †Kv_vq Av‡Qb, wZwb Av‡gwiKvb nIqv wb‡qB eo e¨¯Í wQ‡jb|Õ Zuvi GB gšÍe¨ wecyjmsL¨K mvwnZ¨v‡gv`x‡K ÿzä K‡i‡Q| 1986-i †bv‡ej mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi weRqx I‡j †mv‡q¼v m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔwZwb wKQy wj‡L‡Qb bvwK?Õ Zuv‡K †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi †`IqvUv †bv‡ej KwgwUi ÔA‡bK DuPz ¯’vb †_‡K mvwn‡Z¨i Ici g~ÎcvZ Kivi g‡Zv e¨vcvi|Õ B Gg d÷vi‡K †hŠb-`vbe evwb‡q‡Qb| e‡j‡Qb, Ôfvi‡Z Aek¨B d÷v‡ii wb‡Ri avÜv wQj| wZwb wQ‡jb mgKvgx Avi fvi‡Z Zuvi nv‡Z mgqI wQj| wZwb wPb‡Zb ivRfeb, wKQy ga¨weË, Avi †gvwnZ Ki‡eb Ggb wKQy evMvbevjK|Õ bvBcj Ugvm nvwW© m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb, ÔwZwb GKRb Amn¨ †jLK, wZwb wjL‡Z Rv‡bb bv, GKUv c¨vivMÖvd Kxfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z nq, ZvI Rv‡bb bv| Zuvi †jLv †ivgvw›UK †g‡qwj Kvwnwbi g‡Zv|Õ

GgbwK †RBb Aw÷bI bq

weZK© m„wó‡Z wf Gm bvBc‡ji mgKÿ †Kv‡bv †jL‡Ki †`Lv MZ wZb `k‡K †g‡jwb| iqvj wRIMÖvwdK †mvmvBwU‡K †`Iqv GK mvÿvrKv‡i wZwb e‡j‡Qb, bvix †jLK‡`i g‡a¨ †KDB Zuvi mgKÿ bb| †RBb Aw÷b †Zv bbB| wZwb †RBb Aw÷‡bi ÔAv‡eMgq D”PvKv•ÿvÕ Ges Ôc„w_ex m¤ú‡K© Av‡eMgq Abyf‚wZÕi Askx`vi n‡Z ivwR bb| wZwb g‡b K‡ib, bvix †jLKiv wfbœ ai‡bi Ñ ÔAvwg hLb †Kv‡bv †jLv cwo Ñ GK `yB Aby‡”Q` covi ciB Avwg eyS‡Z cvwi Zv bvixi †jLv bv cyiæ‡li|Õ wZwb g‡b K‡ib, bvixi Av‡eMgq msKxY© `„wó Zuv‡K M„‡ni

19

cÖfz‡Z cwiYZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ñ †mUv Zuvi †jLv‡ZI cÖwZfvZ nq| ÔAvgvi cÖKvkK f`ªgwnjv PgrKvi iæwPkxj m¤úv`K wQ‡jb wKš‘ wZwb hLb †jLK n‡jb †`Lyb †g‡qwj Kx me hv‡”QZvB wjL‡Qb|Õ fviZxq gwnjv †jLK‡`i m¤ú‡K© wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÔZuviv gvgywj welq wb‡q wj‡L _v‡Kb|Õ weª‡U‡bi †jLK mvsevw`K A¨v‡j· K¬vK© ej‡jb, ÔwZwb wK GUvB ej‡Z Pvb †h, wnjvwi g¨vb‡Uj, G Gm evBqvZ, AvBwim gviWK Av‡eMcÖeY †g‡qwj †jLv wjL‡Qb?Õ mvwnZ¨-mgv‡jvPK †n‡jb eªvDb Zuv‡K Dwo‡q w`‡q ej‡jb, Gme Zuvi ÔD×Z `„wó AvKl©YxÕ AvPiY|

bvBc‡ji Bmjvg‡dvweqv

bvBcj ej‡Qb, ÔDrm we‡ePbvq Bmjvg GKwU Avie ag©| hviv Avie bb, Ggb gymjgvbiv mevB ag©všÍwiZ gymjgvb| Bmjvg a‡g©i Pvwn`vUv †ewk| ag©všÍwiZ GKRb gymjgvb‡K c„w_ex m¤ú‡K© Zvi aviYv cvj‡U †dj‡Z nq| Zvi cweÎ ¯’vb¸‡jv Ab¨ †`‡k, Zvi cweÎ fvlv Aviwe| Zv‡K Zvi wb‡Ri BwZnvm cÖZ¨vL¨vb Ki‡Z nq| HwZnvwmK †cÖÿvcU †_‡K `„wó Nywi‡q wb‡Z nq| Mfxifv‡e †`L‡Z †M‡j ag©všÍwiZ gymjgvb‡`i Jcwb‡ewkK gvbyl g‡b n‡e|Õ LykešÍ wms Zuvi Kv‡Q Bmjvg wb‡q †gvnf‡½i e¨vL¨v ïb‡Z PvB‡j bvBcj ej‡jb : ÔAvgv‡K fzj e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| GUv †gvnf‡½i welq bq| Avwg e¯‘wbô n‡Z †Póv K‡iwQ| Avwg †fZ‡i Xz‡K Bmjvg‡K eyS‡Z †Póv K‡iwQ| Agymjgvb c~e©Kv‡ji (gymjgvb nIqvi Av‡Mi mgqKvi) ¯§„wZ †_‡K gvj‡qwkqv I B‡›`v‡bwkqvi †gŠjev`xiv gyw³ Pvq| Biv‡bi †ejv‡ZI G-K_v mZ¨| cvim¨ wekvj †`k wQj| †ivgvb mvgªv‡R¨i weiæ‡× cÖwZØw›ØZv K‡i‡Q| Bivb aªæc` wMÖm‡KI P¨v‡jÄ K‡i‡Q| GLb Zviv ej‡Q Bmjvg Keyj Kivi Av‡Mi mgqUv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© bq| AvqvZzjøvn †Lv‡gwbi mg‡qi wePviK AvqvZzjøvn LvjLvwj cv‡m©‡cvwj‡mi aŸsmve‡kl Ges AvovB nvRvi eQi Av‡MKvi mvBivm cÖvmv‡`i Aewkóvsk aŸsm K‡i †dj‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| GUv cvMjvwg| wKš‘ ag©vÜZvi G wb‡`©kbv RbmvaviY MÖnY Ki‡e|Õ wn›`y †gŠjev` wb‡q bvBcj ej‡Qb Ñ Ôwkíx gKeyj wd`v û‡m‡bi weiæ‡× †bIqv c`‡ÿ‡ci K_v ejv hvq| wZwb wn›`y †`e‡`exi bMœ Qwe Gu‡KwQ‡jb| Zviv Zuvi Qwe bó K‡i‡Q, Nievwo ZQbQ K‡i‡Q| Avwg Lye wbwðZ, wZwb hw` wn›`y n‡Zb Zvn‡j G wbwe©Pvi aŸsmhÁ Pvjv‡bv n‡Zv bv|Õ bvBcj g‡b K‡ib, Kv‡Ri ga¨ w`‡q wn›`y I gymjgvb †gŠjev`xiv ci¯úi‡K kw³ †RvMvq| ÔAvwg BmjvwgK cÖkœvewj wb‡q Lye †KŠZ‚njx n‡qwQjvg Ges †f‡ewQjvg g~j †_‡K Zv eyS‡Z †Póv Kie| mnR cÖkœ wR‡Ám Kie Ges †m Avwe®‹v‡ii GKwU eY©bvg~jK †jLv wjLe|Õ wKš‘ Rvwb© A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfvm© MÖ‡š’ ag©wfwËK mgv‡Ri AmviZvi K_vB e‡j‡Qb| mvaviYfv‡e Bmjvg a‡g© ag©všÍwiZ‡`i K_v e‡j‡Qb, Ôag©všÍwiZ gvby‡li Ici ag©všÍKi‡Yi fqsKi cÖfve c‡o| GB a‡g© ag©všÍwiZ n‡j †Zvgv‡K †Zvgvi AZxZ aŸsm Ki‡Z n‡e, BwZnvm aŸsm Ki‡Z n‡e| GB LZ mB K‡i †Zvgv‡K ej‡Z n‡e, Avgvi wcZ…cyiæ‡li ms¯‹…wZ weivR K‡i bv, Avi Zv‡Z wKQyB Av‡m-hvq bv|Õ bvBcj g‡b K‡ib, ALÐ fviZ iv‡óªi †fZi GKwU gymwjg iv‡óªi Afz¨`q NUv‡Z wM‡q jvL jvL gvbyl‡K wbnZ n‡Z n‡q‡Q, jvL jvL gvbyl‡K g~‡jvrcvwUZ n‡Z n‡q‡Q| ivóª wbwðý n‡q †M‡jI a‡g©i Ae¯’vb myiwÿZ I kw³kvjxB i‡q‡Q| ivóª e¨_© n‡q‡Q Zvi gv‡b GB bq, iv‡óªi Rb¨ †h-¯^cœ Zv‡Z †fRvj wQj wKsev a‡g©i †h-wek¦vm Zv `~wlZ wQj| GUv

20

NUvi KviY gvbylB a‡g©i wek¦vm‡K e¨_© K‡i w`‡q‡Q| bvBcj g‡b K‡ib, cvwK¯Ívb jvf agx©q AR©b bv n‡q ivR‰bwZK AR©b nIqvUvB †MŠi‡ei welq n‡Zv| †WvqvBU Mvb©vi Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© bvBc‡ji Ávb‡K †`L‡Qb ce©Z-cÖgvY AÁZv wn‡m‡e, Avi GB AÁZv‡K †hŠw³KxKiY K‡i‡Qb GB e‡j : ÔAvwg mvivRxeb a‡i gymjgvb‡`i wP‡b AvmwQ wKš‘ Zv‡`i ag© m¤ú‡K© Ávb mvgvb¨B| Bmjv‡gi WKwUªb (Avwg G‡K WKwUªb wn‡m‡eB †`wL) Avgv‡K AvK…ó Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| GUv M‡elYvi Dchy³ †Kv‡bv welq e‡j Avgvi g‡b nqwb| eQ‡ii ci eQi a‡i md‡ii ciI wÎwb`v‡` evjK eq‡m Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© †h Ávb wQj Zvi m‡½ †Zgb wKQy †hvM Ki‡Z cvwiwb| a‡g©i †MŠie AZx‡Zi e¨vcvi| GUv †i‡bmuv‡mi g‡Zv wKQy m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| gymwjg †`k¸‡jv †Zv Dcwb‡ek wQj bv| †mLv‡b wQj ˆ¯^ivPvi Avi †Zj cvIqvi Av‡M Zv‡`i me †`kB wQj `wi`ª|Õ (A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfvm© †_‡K D×…Z) bvBcj Bmjvg‡K eiveiB ˆewk¦K ûgwK g‡b K‡i G‡m‡Qb|

†jLv‡jwL wb‡q bvBcj

* Avcwb hw` †Kej Dcb¨vmB †j‡Lb, Avcwb wjL‡Z e‡m wKQy eY©bvI eqb K‡ib| GUv wVKB Av‡Q wKš‘ Gi †Kv‡bv ¸iæZ¡ †bB| * Avcwb hw` wmwiqvm eB wjL‡Z Pvb, Avcbv‡K dg© fvOvi Rb¨ ˆZwi _vK‡Z n‡e; dg© fvO‡Z n‡e| * g‡b Kiv nq Avwg GKRb KwVb †jLK, wKš‘ Avwg mwZ¨B †Kvgj| * Avwg nw”Q †m ai‡bi †jLK, hvi m¤ú‡K© fv‡e Ab¨iv Avgvi †jLv co‡Q| * Avwg A‡bK wKQy cwo| c„w_ex m¤ú‡K© Avgvi Áv‡bi Am¤ú~Y©Zv c~iY Ki‡Z Avwg cwo| * Avwg hLb Avgvi wb‡Ri †jLv GKwU evK¨ cwo Ges †`wL GUvi wU‡K _vKvi ¸Yv¸Y Av‡Q, Avwg fvwe GUv we¯§qKi| * †jL‡Ki Rxebx Ges GgbwK AvZ¥Rxebx memgqB Am¤ú~Y©Zvi †`v‡l `yó| Z‡e Avgvi m¤ú‡K© g~j¨evb hv wKQy me Avgvi eB¸‡jv‡ZB Av‡Q| * Zzwg Kx KvRwU K‡iQ Zv †`Lvi Rb¨ GKRb gvbyl `iKvi, †m GUv co‡e, eyS‡e Ges Gi †fZi Kx Av‡Q Zvi g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z †Póv Ki‡e| * cwiw¯’wZMZ mZ¨Uv Aek¨ eyS‡Z †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e Ñ G‡ZB welqwU ˆewk¦K n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| * mvwnZ¨ wb‡q K_v ejvi g‡Zv Avgvi †Kv‡bv QvÎeÜz wQj bv| wKš‘ Avgvi wkÿK wQ‡jb PgrKvi gvbyl, AvKl©Yxq e¨w³Z¡, wKš‘ Zuvi †Kv‡bv mvwnZ¨ wePvi-ÿgZv wQj bv| * Rxebx BwZnvm Ges wkíKjv wb‡q gnr MÖš’ iPbv Kiv hvq| * †jLK hw` e‡m e‡m †Kej †kvlY Avi wbcxo‡bi K_vB e‡jb Zv‡`i c‡ÿ †ewk wKQy †jLv n‡q I‡V bv| †jLK‡`i DwPZ ÔAm¤§wZÕ‡K cÖ‡ivwPZ Kiv| * AvZ¥Rxebx Kvwnwb‡K weK…Z Ki‡Z cv‡i, NUbv‡K bZzb K‡i web¨vm Ki‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ wdKkb KL‡bv wg‡_¨ e‡j bv, †jLK‡K m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Zz‡j a‡i| * Avwg hLb †Kv‡bv †jLv cwo, `y-GK c¨vivMÖv‡di g‡a¨B eyS‡Z cvwi GUv bvixi †jLv bv cyiæ‡li| * wkï wn‡m‡e ej‡Z †M‡j Avwg wKQyB RvbZvg bv, Avgvi w`w`gvi evwo †_‡K hv wKQy Zz‡j G‡bwQ Zvi evB‡i wKQyB bq| Avwg g‡b Kwi, me wkï Gfv‡eB c„w_ex‡Z G‡m‡Q, Zviv †K Zv

c¨vwUªwmqvi m‡½ bvBcj bv †R‡bB| * K_v ejvi `ywU aib i‡q‡Q Ñ GKwU mnR aib, †hLv‡b nvjKvfv‡e K_v ejv nq Avi GKwU n‡”Q we‡ewPZ aib| we‡ewPZ ai‡bi cv‡kB Avwg Avgvi bvgwU wj‡LwQ| * GKRb †jLK eiveiB wbtm½| * e`ivMx gvby‡li †h-L¨vwZ Avgvi L¨vwZi aibUv †m-iKg| (cÖvq evBk eQi Dcb¨vm cÖKvwkZ bv nIqvi ci) Avwg KL‡bv Dcb¨vm cwiZ¨vM Kwiwb| * hLbB Avwg wdKkb wjL‡Z wM‡qwQ, Avgv‡K memgqB GKwU PwiÎ Avwe®‹vi Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q, hvi †cÖÿvcU A‡bKUv AvgviB g‡Zv| * Rxe‡bi mg¯Í wKQyi we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv, Af¨vm, eÜzZ¡ me Avgv‡`i Rb¨ wewQ‡q †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ †jLv‡jwLi inm¨ i‡qB hv‡e| hZ wPËvKl©KB †nvK †Kv‡bv `wjj-`¯Ív‡eR Avgv‡`i †mLv‡b wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡e bv| * Avgvi `ytL n‡”Q cÖKvkbvi RMr Avi eB †jLvi RMrUv fqsKi ev‡R, †bvsiv Ges iwÏ| * GKRb bvw¯Í‡Ki Avevi †Kgb K‡i fvev`k© _v‡K? bvw¯ÍK nIqvi gv‡bB †Zv wek¦v‡mi wKQy AÂj †_‡K gy³ n‡q Avmv| †mUv †Kgb K‡i fvev`k© nq, Avwg Zvi KviY Ly‡u R cvB bv| * Avgvi eqm hZB evo‡Q Avwg ZZB wb‡R‡K †evSv‡Z mg_© n‡qwQ gvbyl‡K †h m‡e©vËg ¯^xK…wZ Avgiv w`‡Z cvwi Zv n‡”Q Zviv †Kej Aw¯Í‡Z¡ weivRgvbB bb, Zviv wbw`©ó c×wZ‡Z weivR Ki‡Qb Ges Zv‡`i wbw`©ó ev¯ÍeZv i‡q‡Q| * wKQy †jLK †Kej ˆkk‡ei AwfÁZv wb‡qB †jLv‡jwL K‡ib, KviY †m-AwfÁZv m¤ú~Y|© Ab¨ ai‡bi †jL‡Ki †ejvq Rxeb e‡q hvq Ges wZwb †mB Rxeb‡K cÖwµqvKiY K‡i wj‡L _v‡Kb|

* Avcwb hw` Ab¨ GKwU †`‡k Awfevmb wb‡q †m-†`‡ki AvBb †g‡b emevm ïiæ K‡ib, Zv‡Z Avcwb †mB ms¯‹w… Zi AvZ¥vi cÖwZ Am¤§vb Ávcb K‡ib bv| GUv GK ai‡bi AvMÖvmb| * GKRb gvbyl hLb wZwik eQi eq‡m wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib, Zvi eqm hLb cÂvk ev lvU nq ZLb Zvi AwaKvsk †jLv n‡qB hvq| Avwk n‡Z n‡Z Zvi Avi †Zgb wKQyB _v‡K bv| * Avwg hLb A·‡dvW© (wek¦we`¨vjq) †Q‡o hvB Avwg mwZ¨B †jLv‡jwLi Rb¨ cÖ¯Z ‘ wQjvg bv| Zvici Avwg wjL‡Z ewm| wk‡íi cÖwZ m‡e©v”P m¤§vb Avgvi eiveiB wQj| Avwg memgq Abyfe K‡iwQ †jLv‡jwL GKUv KvR| * A‡bK †jLK Rxe‡bi †klch©v‡q G‡m Zuvi eB¸‡jvi mvivsk wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| * Pjw”P‡Îi cÖ_g cÂvk eQi wQj mwZ¨Kv‡ii gnvb KxwZ©i mgq| †gŠwjK gvbm ZLb Mí ejvi GKwU c×wZ cÖwZôv Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i‡Q| Avi GLb hv NU‡Q Zv n‡”Q AbyKiY, gnr m„wóKvixiv hv K‡i‡Qb †Kej ZviB bKj| * Avwg memgqB Avgvi cÖÁv w`‡q PvwjZ n‡qwQ| mvwn‡Z¨i †nvK wKsev ivRbxwZi Ñ Avgvi †Kv‡bv c×wZ †bB| Avgv‡K cwiPvwjZ Kivi †Kv‡bv ivR‰bwZK fvev`k©I †bB| * †h-mf¨Zv wek¦‡K f‡q K‡i wb‡q‡Q Zv‡K giYvcbœ ejvi KviY †bB| * ¯‹‡z j Avgvi ¸Ygy» wQj, Avgvi †Kv‡bv eÜz wQj bv|

bZzb †jL‡Ki Rb¨ bvBc‡ji mvZ wUcm

1. j¤^v evK¨ wjL‡eb bv| (GKwU ev‡K¨ `k-ev‡ivwUi †ewk kã _vK‡e bv) 2. cÖwZwU ev‡K¨ ¯úó wee„wZ _vK‡Z n‡e| (Av‡Mi ev‡K¨i wee„wZi m‡½ GwU hy³ n‡e Ges msMwZc~Y©

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n‡e| GKwU fv‡jv Aby‡”Q` n‡”Q KZ¸‡jv ¯úó I m¤úwK©Z evK¨|) 3. eo kã wjL‡eb bv| (Kw¤úDUvi hw` e‡j MocoZv k‡ã cuvPwUi †ewk Aÿi i‡q‡Q Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e †Kv_vI mgm¨v i‡q‡Q| †QvU k‡ãi e¨envi †jLK‡K wPšÍv Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i wZwb Kx wjL‡Qb| GgbwK KwVb fvebv‡KI †QvU k‡ã †f‡O †bIqv hvq|) 4. †h-k‡ãi gv‡b m¤ú‡K© Avcwb wbwðZ bb, Zv wjL‡eb bv| (GB AvBb hw` f½ K‡ib Zvn‡j †jLv‡jwL †Q‡o Ab¨ KvR †`Lyb) 5. is, AvKvi, msL¨v Ñ Gme Qvov bZzb †jLK‡K we‡klY e¨envi Gov‡Z n‡e| (we‡kl‡Yi we‡klY A¨vWfve©I hZ Kg m¤¢e e¨envi Ki‡eb) 6. weg~Z© eY©bv Gwo‡q hv‡eb| (memgq mwVK e¯‘wU †jLvq DwV‡q Avb‡eb, weg~Z© wKQy bq) 7. cÖwZw`b AšÍZ Qq gvm Gfv‡e †jLv‡jwLi PP©v Kiæb| (Avcwb †Kej ZLbB GB †jLv‡jwLi weavb fvO‡eb hLb G¸‡jv cy‡ivcywi Avcbvi iß n‡q‡Q Ges `ÿZvi m‡½ e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb)|

bvBcj : UvBgjvBb

1932 : 17 AvM÷ Rb¥, wÎwb`v‡`i Pv¸qvbvm MÖv‡g| wew`qvai m~iRcÖmv` bvBcj (evsjvq m¤¢eZ we`¨vai m~hc © mÖ v` bvBcj| bvg Ab~w`Z bv nIqvB fv‡jv| †jLK †hfv‡e msewa©Z n‡Z Pvb †mUvB Drm| Avgiv XvKvq Zuvi ¯¿x‡K ï‡bwQ wew`qv e‡j WvK‡Z) Zuvi wcZv wm cÖmv` bvBcj, gv †`ªvqvcvwZ bvBcj| 1939 : cwievi wÎwb`v‡`i ivRavbx †cvU© Ae †¯ú‡b ¯’vbvšÍi| 1940 : wÎwb`v‡`i me‡P‡q AvaywbK weªwUk ÷vBj ¯‹j z KzBb&Õm iqvj K‡j‡R fwZ©| 1950 : cov‡kvbvi Rb¨ A·‡dvW© BDwbfvwm©wU K‡j‡R e„wËjvf| 1952 : †Ljvi gv‡V cieZx©Kv‡ji cÖYwqbx I ¯¿x c¨vwUªwmqv †nB‡ji m‡½ mvÿvr| †¯úb ågY Ges †ec‡ivqv e¨q| 1953 : bvBcj Ges c¨vwUªwmqv A·‡dv‡W©i MÖ¨vRy‡qU n‡jb| bvBc‡ji wcZvi g„Z¨z | 1954 : UzK‡iv KvR, c¨vwUªwmqvi A‡_©i Ici wbf©ikxj| wewewm †iwWIi K¨vwiweqvb f‡q‡m Dc¯’vc‡Ki PvKwi (wZb gvm cici bevqb‡hvM¨) cvb| 1955 : `yc‡ÿi cwiev‡ii ARv‡šÍ bvBcj I c¨vwUªwmqv we‡q K‡ib| c¨vwUªwmqvi Kg©¯j ’ evwg©snvg, jÛ‡b DBKGÛ KvUvb bvBc‡ji m‡½| cyi‡bv j¨v½nvg †nv‡U‡j wewewmi wd« j¨vÝvi‡`i iæ‡g MÖx‡®§i GK Aciv‡nè wg¸‡qj w÷ª‡Ui cÖ_g Mí Ô†evMvU©Õ †j‡Lb| cÖKvkK cÖ_g Dcb¨vm `¨ wgw÷K g¨vwmIi MÖnY K‡ib| 1957 : cÖ_g Dcb¨vm cÖKvk Ges cyi¯‹vi jvf| 1958 : wØZxq Dcb¨vm `¨ mv‡d«R Ae Gjwfiv cÖKvwkZ| 1959 : cÖ_g †jLv eB wg¸‡qj w÷ªU MÖšv’ Kv‡i cÖKvk| cÖ_g bb-BD‡ivwcqvb †jLK wn‡m‡e mgvi‡mU gg A¨vIqvW© jvf K‡ib GB eBwUi Rb¨ Ges †jLK mgvi‡mU gg wb‡R Zv Aby‡gv`b K‡ib| 1961 : bvBc‡ji me‡P‡q weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm A¨v nvDR di wg÷vi wek¦vm-cÖKvwkZ| 1962 : `¨ wgWj c¨v‡mR bb-wdKkbcÖKvwkZ|

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1963 : weª‡U‡bi †cÖÿvc‡U cÖ_g Dcb¨vm wg÷vi †÷vb A¨vÛ `¨ bvBUm †Kv¤ú¨vwbqb-cÖKvwkZ| 1964 : A¨vb Gwiqv Ae WvK©‡bm : A¨vb G·‡cwi‡qÝ Ae BwÛqv-cÖKvwkZ| 1966 : ivBUvi-Bb-†iwm‡WÝ wn‡m‡e DMvÛvi Kv¤úvjvq g¨vKv‡i‡i wek¦we`¨vj‡q GK eQi Ae¯’vb| 1966 : `¨ wgwgK g¨vb cÖKvwkZ, WweøDGBP w¯§_ cyi¯‹vi jvf| 1971 : Bb A¨v wd« †÷U cÖKvwkZ, eyKvi cÖvBR jvf| 1981 : A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfvm© : A¨vb BmjvwgK Rvwb© cÖKvwkZ| 1991 : bvBUûW cÖvwß| 1996 : ¯¿x c¨vwUªwmqvi g„Z¨z | cvwK¯Ívwb mvsevw`K bvw`iv Lvbg Avjwf‡K we‡q K‡ib| 2001 : †bv‡ej mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi jvf| 2016 : evsjv‡`‡k XvKv wjU †d‡÷ AvMgb| 2018 : 12 AvM÷ jÛ‡b g„Z¨z eiY|

bvBc‡ji mvwnZ¨Kg©

wdKkb * `¨ wgw÷K g¨vwmIi (1957) * `¨ mv‡d«R Ae Gjwfiv (1958) * wg¸‡qj w÷ªU (1959) * A¨v nvDR di wg÷vi wek¦vm (1961) * wg÷vi †÷vb A¨vÛ `¨ bvBUm †Kv¤ú¨vwbqb (1963) * `¨ wgwgK g¨vb (1967) * A¨v d¬¨vM Ae `¨ AvBj¨vÛ ((1967) * Bb A¨v wd« †÷U (1971) * †Mwijvm (1975) * A¨v †eÛ Bb `¨ wifvi (1979) * `¨ GwbMgv Ae A¨vivBfvj (1987) * A¨v I‡q Bb `¨ Iqvì© (1994) * nvd A¨v jvBd (2001) * `¨ bvBUIqvPg¨vbm AKv‡iÝ eyK : A¨vÛ Av`vi KwgK Bb‡fbkb&m (2002) * g¨vwRK wmWm (2004) bb-wdKkb * `¨ wgWj c¨v‡mR : Bg‡cÖkbm Ae dvBf †mvmvBwUR-weªwUk, †d«Â, A¨vÛ WvP Bb `¨ I‡q÷ BwÛR A¨vÛ mvD_ Av‡gwiKv (1962) * A¨vb Gwiqv Ae WvK©‡bm (1964) * `¨ jm Ae Gj‡Wviv‡Wv (1969) * `¨ IfviµvD‡WW evivKzb A¨vÛ Av`vi AvwU©‡Kjm (1972) * BwÛqv : A¨v I‡ÛW wmwfjvB‡Rkb (1977) * A¨v K‡½v Wv‡qwi (1980) * `¨ wiUvb© Ae Gfv †cib A¨vÛ wKwjsm Bb wÎwb`v` (1980) * A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfvm© : A¨vb BmjvwgK Rvwb© (1981) * dvBwÛs `¨ †m›Uvi : Uz b¨v‡iwUfm (1984) * A¨v Uvb© Ae `¨ mvD_ (1989) * BwÛqv : A¨v wgwjqb wgDwUwbR bvD (1990) * †eqÛ wewjd : BmjvwgK G·Kvm©bm A¨vgvs `¨ Kbfv‡U©W wccjm (1998) * weUDBb dv`vi A¨vÛ mvb : d¨vwgwj †jUvm© (1999, wMjb A¨vU‡Kb-m¤úvw`Z) * `¨ gv¯‹ Ae Avwd«Kv (2010) r

†µvocÎ

mvÿvrKv‡i wf Gm bvBcj Abyev` : Av›`vwje ivk`x [2006 mv‡j jÛ‡bi wjUv‡iwi wiwfD‡q cÖKvwkZ dviiæL †avbxi †bIqv `xN© mvÿvrKvi Ges 1998 mv‡j c¨vwim wiwfD‡q cÖKvwkZ †Rvbv_b †iv‡mb I ZiæY †ZRcv‡ji †bIqv mvÿvrKv‡ii wbe©vwPZ Ask fvlvšÍwiZ n‡jv] wjUv‡iwi wiwfDi 2006 mv‡ji mvÿvrKvi jÛ‡bi wjUv‡iwi wiwfD‡Z †bIqv mvÿvrKv‡ii wbe©vwPZ Ask fvlvšÍwiZ| mvÿvrKvi MÖnYKvix dviiæL †avbx|

wf

Gm bvBc‡ji kixiUv fv‡jv hvw”Qj bv| fviZxq wPwKrmK I wPwKrmv Zuvi Kv‡Q weª‡U‡bi b¨vkbvj †nj_ mvwf©‡mi †P‡q ¯^w¯ÍKi g‡b nIqvq wPwKrmv I †m‡i IVvi Rb¨ K‡qK gvm wZwb w`wjø‡Z †_‡K hvb| Zvici jÛ‡b wd‡i Av‡mb Ges Avevi

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wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡b| Avwg Zuvi DB›Ukvqvi K‡U‡R Avwm Ges `yw`b mgq wb‡q mvÿvrKviwU MÖnY Kwi| wZwb ej‡jb, wZwb Avgv‡K cQ›` K‡i‡Qb KviY mvÿvrKvi MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Avwg Zuvi c×wZB AbymiY Kwi Ñ mvÿvrKvi`vZv hv e‡j hvb Avwg Zvi nv‡Z †jLv j¤^v †bvU wbB| wZwb †Uc-†iKW©vi‡K wek¦vm K‡ib bv| AvwgI bv| ZvB Avwg c‡KU mvB‡Ri `y‡Uv †Uc-†iKW©vi wb‡q G‡mwQ Ges AbwaKvi PP©v K‡i †`Lvi m¤¢vebv me‡P‡q Kg WvBwbs †Uwe‡ji Ggb GKUv RvqMvq †i‡LwQ, Zvi Av‡M wbwðZ K‡iwQ †h

e¨vUvwi¸‡jv bZzb| weovj AMv÷vm wKQyÿY cici Rvbvjvi †PŠKv‡Vi mvg‡b Avm‡Q Ges †fZ‡i Avm‡Z PvB‡Q| Zvi a„óZv mvaviY weov‡ji †P‡q †ewk Ges we`¨va‡ii `„wó AvKl©‡Yi Rb¨ cxovcxwo K‡i| wZwbI Zv‡K ï‡q covi ûKzg Rvwi Kivi c_wU Rv‡bb| AevK K‡i w`‡q AMv÷vm we`¨va‡ii ûKzg Zvwgj K‡i Ges Avgv‡`i cv‡qi Kv‡Q KzÐjx cvwK‡q ï‡q c‡o| wjUv‡iwi wiwfDi Rb¨ GUv Avgvi wØZxq ewa©Z mvÿvrKvi| 2001-Gi AvM‡÷ cÖKvwkZ cÖ_gwU weZK© m„wó K‡i‡Q| B Gg d÷©vi, Rb g¨vbvW© wKbm Ges †Rgm R‡q‡mi Ici Zuvi gšÍe¨‡K cÖ‡ivPbvg~jK g‡b Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avgiv hLb ïiæ Kwi, Avwg Avgiv ivRbxwZ †_‡K `~‡i _vKe, wZwb m¤§Z nb| dviiæL †avbx : GKRb †jL‡Ki †jLK-Rxeb I mvd‡j¨ fv‡M¨i †Kv‡bv f‚wgKv Av‡Q e‡j wK Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? we`¨vai m~h©cÖmv` bvBcj : Avwg A‡bK welq wb‡q A‡bK cwikÖg K‡iwQ| fvM¨ G‡m‡Q †Mvovq, hLb Avwg ïiæ Kivi †Póv Pvjvw”Q| †mw`b j¨v½nvg †nv‡U‡j wewewm fe‡b KvR KiwQ, †cvU© Ae †¯ú‡bi †h-iv¯Ívq Avwg †e‡o D‡VwQ, nVvr hw` †m-iv¯Ívi Kvwnwb †jLvi K_v g‡b bv n‡Zv Zvn‡j nq‡Zv Av‡iv A‡bK eQi Avgv‡K Kx wjLe Zv wb‡q nvZ‡o †eov‡Z n‡Zv| wewewmi †mB iæ‡g wd«j¨vÝviiv hw` DrmvwnZ bv Ki‡Zb Zvn‡j nq‡Zv Avgvi ïiæUvB KL‡bv n‡Zv bv| Avwg †ek Abyfe K‡iwQ, KvRUv Avwg Avgvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i KiwQ Ñ e¨vcviUv Lye mnR wQj bv| Avwg †h-eBUv, wg‡Mj w÷ªU, wjLwQjvg c‡ii Pvi eQ‡iI Zv cÖKvwkZ nqwb| †mKv‡j †jLv‡jwL wb‡q Bsj¨v‡Ûi aviYv wfbœ wQj Ñ Avwg hv KiwQjvg Zv †_‡K wfbœ| †avbx : Avcwb wK ej‡Qb †h, Bs‡iwR mvwn‡Z¨i HwZ‡n¨i evB‡i Avcwb †jLv‡jwL KiwQ‡jb? bvBcj : †mUv wjwfm (d«v¼ i¨vqgÛ wjwfm ZLb K¨vgweª‡Ri Z_v weª‡U‡bi cÖfvekvjx mvwnZ¨-mgv‡jvPK) Ges K¨vgweªR Nivbvi Ñ GUv †Zgb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© bq| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© K_vwU n‡”Q Ñ Avwg Kx KvR KiwQ Bsj¨vÛ eyS‡Z cv‡iwb| GUv hw` Avgvi wb‡Ri f‚wg n‡Zv Zvn‡j cwiw¯’wZ wfbœ n‡Zv| wKš‘ Avgvi †Kv‡bv †`k †bB| Avwg †h-KvR K‡iwQ Bsj¨vÛ Zvi cÖksmv K‡iwb, ¯^xK…wZI †`qwb| Avgvi KvR wQj GKwU cvVK‡Mvôx M‡o †Zvjv| Avgvi †ejvq GUv wQj axiMwZi Ñ Lye axiMwZi| †avbx : Avcwb †h wbR¯^ cvV‡Ki RMr D‡b¥vPb Kivi †Póv Ki‡Qb G-m¤ú‡K© wb‡R wK m‡PZb wQ‡jb? bvBcj : Avwg memgqB AwZ ÿz`ª GKwU cvVK‡Mvôxi Rb¨ wj‡LwQ : Avgvi ¯¿x (c¨vwUªwmqv, GLb bvw`iv), wewewm‡Z Avgvi †Pbv †KD, Avgvi cÖKvkK, Avgvi cÖKvkK W‡q‡mi m¤úv`K| †avbx : gymwjg wek¦ågY †k‡l †jLv Avcbvi eB A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfvm© wbðqB ˆewk¦K cvV‡Ki Rb¨ wjwLZ? bvBcj : †h‡nZz †jLv‡jwL n‡”Q †kLvi GKwU cÖwµqv, †mB eBwU †jLvI Avgvi Rb¨ GKwU cÖwµqv| cÖKvwkZ nIqvi ci eBwU cvVK †c‡q‡Q| nvf©vW© I g¨vmvPz‡mUm Bbw÷wUDU Ae †UK‡bvjwRi (GgAvBwU) g‡Zv RvqMvq

25

GB eB wb‡q A‡bK mgm¨v n‡q‡Q| Gme RvqMvq wKQy Ávbx †jvK Av‡Qb, huviv Zv‡`i cÖvÁZv w`‡qB Rvb‡Z cv‡ib, Kx NU‡Q †`Lvi Rb¨ Zuv‡`i †h‡Z nq bv| hv Rvbvi Zv Gi g‡a¨B Zuviv †R‡b †M‡Qb| Aek¨ Avwg GUv Lye †Rvi w`‡q ejwQ bv †h, hv wKQy Avwg Avwe®‹vi K‡iwQ Ges wj‡LwQ meB Avgvi Rb¨| `ywbqvq GZ RvqMv _vK‡Z GgAvBwU‡Z hvIqvi KviY eBwUi Ici K_v ejvi Rb¨ Zuviv Avgv‡K Avgš¿Y Rvwb‡q‡Q, Avgvi g‡b n‡q‡Q Zuviv Bivb wb‡q Lye DwØMœ| Avgvi g‡b Av‡Q i‡³i Rb¨ Bivwb‡`i fv‡jvevmvi K_v Avwg e‡jwQ| GKwU agx©q we‡ÿv‡f GKRb gvbyl hLb i³v³ Ae¯’vq c‡o wQj, †jvKRb Zvi ÿZ I i‡³ nvZ I Kvco Wzwe‡q i‡³ †fRvw”Qj| Avwg GgAvBwU‡Z hv‡`i m‡½ wQjvg Zviv GwU wek¦vm Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi Kij| Ggb wKQy NU‡Z cv‡i bv; In& Ck¦i! Zviv KZ Ávbx| GKwU Av‡gwiKvb cwÎKv wZb L‡Ð Avgvi eBwU Qvc‡Z hvw”Qj; wKš‘ Zv evwZj K‡i w`‡jv| †avbx : †Kb? bvBcj : †mLvbKvi Ávbx †jvKRb Zv‡`i e‡j _vK‡Z cv‡i GUv cÖKvk Kiv Aek¨B eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e| Kzwo eQi ci g‡b n‡Z cv‡i, A‡cÿgvY c„w_ex‡K hw` GB fvebvUv †`Iqv †hZ ... wKš‘ ZL‡bv Zv‡`i KwVb mgq hvw”Qj| GgbwK Avgvi cÖ_g eB wg‡Mj w÷ªU-­G Avwg wbixÿvg~jK KvR K‡iwQ; Avwg †P‡qwQ GUv Lye mnR †nvK, bZzb †nvK, `„k¨¸‡jv †hb †f‡m I‡V| cÖwZwU ev‡K¨ Zv-B K‡iwQ| †avbx : Avcwb hLb G‡Mv‡Z _vK‡jb, Avcbvi †jLvi AwfÁZvI wK e`‡j †Mj? bvBcj : Avwg hLb wjL‡Z _vwK †jLvi ÔAvBwWqvÕ M‡o I‡V| Avgvi GKgvÎ AvBwWqv n‡”Q †jLvUv bb-wdKkb n‡j GUv mZ¨wbô n‡Z n‡e| Avwg hv‡`i wb‡q wjLwQ Zviv Gi †fZi mZ¨Uv †`L‡Z cv‡e| Avgiv †h-eBwU wb‡q K_v ejwQjvg A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfvm© cÖKvwkZ nIqvi ci Avwg Bivb †_‡K wPwV †c‡qwQ †h, Avwg g~j welqwU ai‡Z cvwiwb| Avwg †Zniv‡b Mvwo Pvjv‡bvi K_v wj‡LwQjvg Ñ GUv fqsKi I Avk¼vRbK AwfÁZv| Avwg †h-Mvwo‡Z wQjvg cÖ‡Z¨K RvqMv †_‡K Ab¨ Mvwoi m‡½ av°v jvwM‡q †m-Mvwoi wKQy is Zz‡j G‡b‡Q| nvf©vW© wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †kÖvZv‡`i mvg‡b hLb eB‡qi Askwe‡kl cwo, Zv‡`iI GKBiKg cÖwZwµqv Ñ mZ¨ K_v †jLv ÔJcwb‡ewkKÕ gvbwmKZvRvZ| †avbx : Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib GB wek¦we`¨vjq¸‡jv‡Z Avcwb †Muvov wKsev †evKv‡U ai‡bi †jv‡Ki †`Lv †c‡q‡Qb? bvwK Ávbx? bvBcj : Avwg †miKg wKQy g‡b KiwQ bv| GB wek¦we`¨vjq¸‡jv Zv‡`i kxl© AwZµg K‡i G‡m‡Q| wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †h-aviYv Zv †kl n‡q wM‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i| A·‡dvW© wek¦we`¨vjq `xN©mgq a‡i ÔHk¦wiKÕ Drcv`b K‡i‡Q| Zvici A·‡dvW© GKUv euvK wbj Ges PUc‡U gvbyl ˆZwi Ki‡Z ïiæ Kij| †kLvi aviYv G‡m‡Q †ek c‡i, m¤¢eZ Dbwesk kZ‡K Ñ †Kv‡bvfv‡e wesk kZK ch©šÍ G‡m‡Q| GLb g‡b n‡”Q weÁv‡bi welq Qvov wek¦we`¨vjq wkÿvi †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †bB| mgvRZš¿xivI mevB‡K GLv‡b cvVv‡Z Pvq| Avwg g‡b Kwi, Gme RvqMv ¸wU‡q †djv DwPZ Ges PvB‡j mvwU©wd‡KU wKb‡Z gvbyl †cv÷ Awd‡mB †h‡Z cv‡i| †avbx : wbðqB weÁvb wel‡qi mvwU©wd‡KUI bq| bvBcj : bv I¸‡jv _vK‡Z n‡e| gvbweK wefvM Ñ ÔwnDg¨vwbwURÕ Ñ Avgvi g‡b nq A_©nxb welq|

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†avbx : Avcwb e‡j‡Qb hLb wjL‡Z _v‡Kb, †jLvi AvBwWqvUvI M‡o DV‡Z _v‡K| AZx‡Z Avcwb GKwU ms¯‹…wZ‡Z †jLv‡jwLi f‚wgKv wb‡q K_v e‡j‡Qb Ges wj‡L‡Qb| †hgb ivwkqv ... bvBcj : Ges d«vÝ| GB AvBwWqv wb‡RivB wb‡R‡`i M‡o Zz‡j‡Q| ïiæ‡Z Avgvi Kv‡Q Av‡mwb| Avwg †ek AÁ wQjvg| Avwg hLb †gvcvmuv co‡Z ïiæ Kwi Avwg cy‡ivcywifv‡e Zv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z cvwiwb| GKwU ms¯‹…wZ Ges †mB ms¯‹…wZi GKRb †jLK‡K †`Lvi Av‡M wKQy cÖvÁZv, wKQy AwfÁZv cÖ‡qvRb| Avcwb hw` cuwPk eQi Av‡M Avgvi mvÿvrKvi wb‡Zb Zvn‡j Avwg ejZvg evjRvK wQ‡jb me©‡kÖô †d«Â †jLK| GLb Avwg ewj †gvcvmuv Ñ GKRb mwZ¨Kv‡ii eo gvbyl| Avwg evjRvK co‡Z ïiæ Kwi Ges Zuv‡K wb‡q Avgvi wKQy mgm¨v nq| Avwg wb‡R‡K wb‡q nZvk n‡q cwo| Avwg †gvcvmuvi Mí nv‡Z wbB| meB Mí Ñ 1100 c„ôv| Mí¸‡jv †jLvi Kvj Abyhvqx mvRv‡bv Ges Abyev`I PgrKvi| GUv Avgvi Rb¨ wkÿv| ïiæ‡Z wZwb AZ¨šÍ mZK©Zvi m‡½ wjL‡Zb, GKwU fzj c`‡ÿcI †hb bv nq †Lqvj ivL‡Zb| gvSLv‡b G‡m wZwb Av‡iv †ewk wbivc` I wbwðZ n‡jb| wZwb mnRvZfv‡e fv‡jv KvR K‡i‡Qb, †klw`‡K Zuvi g„Zz¨wPšÍv G‡m hvq, Zuvi †jLv¸‡jv mswÿß Ges LyeB †gwK n‡q Av‡m| †kL‡fi bvU‡K GKwU PwiÎ Av‡Q †h †gvcvmuv m¤ú‡K© K_v e‡j; Ges e‡j Zuvi †gav AwZcÖvK…wZK| Avwg Zuvi m‡½ GKgZ nB KviY Zuvi cÖvq me M‡íB GKwU c~Y©v½ Rxeb wZwb †`wL‡q‡Qb| Avi Zuvi M‡íi msL¨v KZ! wew¯§Z n‡Z nq, GZ M‡íi Dcv`vb wZwb †c‡jb †Kv_vq Ñ cÖwZwU MíB g‡b n‡q‡Q †Kgb ¯^vfvweK I mnR| Avcwb hLb MíUv c‡ob, Zv we‡kølY Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Zuvi M‡íi c×wZwU eyS‡Z cv‡ib| wZwb memgqB Zuvi M‡íi gvbyl‡K GKwU PwiÎ †`b Ñ †mUv Lye Riæwi| Zuvi GLv‡b GKwU Av‡eM‡iLv _v‡K, Zuvi †jLvi m‡½ m‡½ Av‡e‡Mi n«vm-e„w× N‡U, cvVK M‡íi gvgywj eY©bv †Kgb K‡i †kl n‡q G‡jv Zv AbymiY bv K‡i †jL‡Ki Av‡eM‡K AbymiY K‡ib| Avwg g‡b Kwi †gvcvmuvi g‡Zv Avi †KD †bB| Zuvi mswÿß Rxe‡bi wbg©gZv i‡q‡Q| Zuvi eqm hLb wZwi‡ki N‡i wZwb wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib, Zvici `k eQ‡iB me cÖvq †kl n‡q hvq| wZwb hš¿Yvq wQ‡jb, Zvici cvMj n‡q hvb, Kv‡RB hv wKQy Kivi wZwb `k eQ‡iB K‡i‡Qb| Zuv‡K Aek¨ mvivÿYB wjL‡Z n‡q‡Q, ZvI KZ mnRfv‡e wj‡L †M‡Qb| GwU AwZcÖvK…wZK †gav| Zuvi Mí co‡Z co‡Z Avcwb wb‡R‡K wR‡Ám K‡ib †Kvb †mB †`k, †h-†`k Zuv‡K †jLvq we¯§qKi GZ Dcv`vb w`‡q‡Q; Zvici wKQy mgq ci Avcwb eyS‡Z cv‡ib †Kv‡bv †`k Zuv‡K Gme Dcv`vb †`qwb| Zuvi †`Lvi kw³ w`‡q wZwb †`k m„wó Ki‡Qb| A™¢zZ e¨vcvi| Avgiv hLb ¯‹z‡j †gvcvmuv cwo, Avgiv eÇ cÖv‡`wkK n‡q cwo Ñ †d«Â! GUv GL‡bv mZ¨, wKš‘ Zuvi KvR mevi Rb¨| Bs‡iwR fvlvi †jLK‡`i wb‡q Ggb K_v ejv hvq bv| (Avgiv Pvj©m wW‡K݇K Av‡jvPbvi evB‡i ivL‡Z cvwi)| Bs‡iwR fvlvq †jLv ¯úóZB Bsj¨v‡Ûi Rb¨, Bsj¨v‡Ûi gvby‡li Rb¨, Lye †ewk `~‡i hvIqvi Rb¨ bq| †avbx : †Kvb †Kvb †jLK we‡kl K‡i GB Bs‡iwRcbv Ñ ÔBswjk‡b‡mÕi KvZv‡i co‡e e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? bvBcj : (Ugvm) nvwW©| GKRb Amn¨ †jLK| †avbx : †Kb?

bvBcj : wZwb wjL‡Z Rv‡bb bv; GKUv c¨vivMÖvd Kxfv‡e ˆZwi Ki‡Z nq wZwb Rv‡bb bv| Avwg eje †ivgvw›UK †g‡qwj Kvwnwbi GiKg ˆewkó¨ i‡q‡Q| †avbx : GgbwK eo †jLKivI Ñ †RBb Aw÷b? bvBcj : †RBb Aw÷b wb‡q Avgvi Kx mgm¨v? hviv Bs‡iwR †KZvq wkwÿZ n‡Z Pvb †RBb Aw÷b Zv‡`i Rb¨| GUv hw` Avcbvi jÿ¨ bv nq, Zuvi eB w`‡q Avcwb Kx Ki‡eb, ZvI Avcbvi Rvbv †bB| KeQi Av‡M ev‡_ GKwU m‡¤§jb n‡qwQj, Avgv‡K `vIqvZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avwg ev‡R ai‡bi Kbdv‡iÝ AwZw_| Avwg GKwU K_vI ewjwb| Zuviv Avgv‡K ev‡_i †cÖÿvc‡U †jLv †RBb Aw÷‡bi b_©n¨v½vi A¨v‡e Dcb¨vmwU †`b| mv¤úÖwZK Amy¯’Zvi ci †_‡K Av‡M Avgvi †hme eB cov nqwb, †m¸‡jv Zz‡j wbw”Q| Kv‡RB eBUv wbjvg| eBUvi A‡a©K ch©šÍ Avgvi g‡Zv GKRb c~Y©eq¯‹ gvbyl, GB fqsKi bxim bvixi Z_vKw_Z †cÖ‡gi Rxeb Ñ GKR‡bi m‡½ GKevi †`Lv nIqvi ciB wZwb ej‡Qb †cÖg Ñ Avwg G-wRwbm wb‡q Kx Kie? GUv Avgvi Rb¨ bq Ñ iv¯Ívi Kv‡iv covi Rb¨ n‡Z cv‡i, Avgvi bq| †avbx : †RBb Aw÷b‡K wb‡q GZ K_v Ñ Avcwb wK Zv‡Z wew¯§Z n‡jb? bvBcj : nu¨v, GUv wbf©i K‡i c„w_exi ivR‰bwZK kw³i Ici| Avcwb hw` Bsj¨v‡Ûi n‡q _v‡Kb, Avcbvi Kv‡Q †`k hw` ¸iæZ¡c~Y© nq, Zvn‡j G-ai‡bi ev‡R A_©nxb †jLv Avcbvi Kv‡Q ¸iæZ¡ cv‡e| Dbwesk kZ‡K hw` †`kwUi cZb NUZ, Zvn‡j †KD †RBb Aw÷b coZ bv| eB¸‡jv n‡Zv e¨_©Zv wb‡q| †jLKiv e¨_©Zvi KviY cÖ`k©b Ki‡Zb| Avwg †RBb Aw÷b wb‡q hv ejwQ Avi Ávbx †jv‡Kiv Zuv‡K wb‡q hv ej‡Qb, Avwg Zv ¸wj‡q †dj‡Z PvB bv| wewfbœ Ávbevb ¯’v‡bi AZ¨šÍ Ávbx gvby‡liv ej‡Qb †RBb Aw÷b GKwU eo ai‡bi fÐvwgi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib| †hLv‡b K¨vwiweqvb dm‡ji †ÿ‡Z µxZ`vmiv cwikÖg K‡i hv‡”Q, †mLv‡b ZiæY‡`i ü`‡qi e¨vcvi wb‡q g‡R _vKv fÐvwgB †Zv| Kx fÐvwg! Ávbxiv GgbB e‡j _v‡Kb| GUv †evKvwg KviY Zuviv hw` Zuv‡`i wb‡Ri wel‡qi evB‡ii wKQy welq wb‡q Rvb‡Zb, eyS‡Zb 1807 mv‡j µxZ`vm e¨emv Ñ weªwUk µxZ`vm e¨emv wbwl× nq Avi Gm‡ei †hŠw³KZv ms‡e`bkxjZv Ñ Gme wb‡q Av‡jvPbv 1834 mv‡j µxZ`vm cÖ_v Aejyß Kivi cwi‡ek m„wó‡Z Kv‡R †j‡M‡Q| cwiï×KiY AvPiY Gm‡ei aviYv n‡”Q Aejywßi cwi‡ek| †avbx : Zvn‡j †RBb Aw÷‡bi wKQy cÖfve Av‡Q? bvBcj : Zuvi †Kv‡bv cÖfve †bB, wZwb wQ‡jb Gi Ask| wZwb wb‡RB Gi cÖwZdjb| cÖvPxb †ivgvb‡`i m‡½ hw` Gi Zzjbv Kwi Ñ Zuviv fv‡jv Rxe‡bi K_v e‡j‡Qb Avevi wb‡R‡`i Pvicv‡k me‡P‡q wbg©g `vmcÖ_v‡KI DrmvwnZ K‡i‡Qb| Zuv‡`i Pvicv‡k †h-Rxeb †m-Rxeb wb‡q Zuviv KL‡bv cÖkœ K‡ibwb| µxZ`vm‡`i m‡½ †h Lvivc e¨envi Kiv n‡”Q Ges A¨v‡ibvq Zv‡`i fqven g„Zz¨ n‡”Q, G wb‡q wm‡m‡iv †KŠZzK K‡i‡Qb| w`‡bi wewfbœ mg‡qi Rb¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi wbg©gZv wba©vwiZ wQj| Acivax‡K wbi¯¿ Ae¯’vq mk¯¿ e¨w³i weiæ‡× jovB Ki‡Z cvVv‡bv n‡Zv| AmgZvi GB jovB †Zv Avi mwZ¨Kv‡ii jovB bq, Zey Zv RbZvi g‡a¨ GK ai‡bi mij D‡ËRbv RvMvZ| †m‡bKvB e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e µxZ`vmI gvbyl| wZwb Gi †ewk G‡Mvbwb| †ivgvb `vmZ¡ wQj AZ¨šÍ cvkweK| Bsj¨vÛ `vmZ¡ we‡jvcKvix cÖ_g †`k| GUv Avgv‡`i Aek¨B g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| †RBb Aw÷‡bi Dcb¨vm covi `iKvi

DËg hy‡M †jLKiv wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ hv wj‡L‡Qb Zv-B gvby‡li Kv‡Q P‡j G‡m‡Q| eB‡qi GB md‡ii e¨vcviwU NUvi KviY, c„w_ex GZUvB cÖwZeÜx †h †`Lvi g‡Zv Zvi wb‡Ri mvgvb¨B Av‡Q|

†bB, Z‡e GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, †h AvPiY I ms‡e`bkxjZvi K_v wZwb wj‡L‡Qb, †h-wkÿv `vm‡Z¡i wejywß NwU‡q‡Q, GUv ZviB Ask| †avbx : Bs‡iR †jLK‡`i g~j¨vq‡bi mgq Avcwb Pvj©m wW‡K݇K Qvo w`‡”Qb †Kb? bvBcj : Avwg wKQyw`b Av‡M Zuvi cÖ_gw`KKvi †jLv wKQy cÖeÜ c‡owQ| †¯‹‡Pm evB `¨ eR LyeB fv‡jv| wKš‘ wW‡K‡Ýi †jLvq GZ †ewk ev‡R wRwbm| †Kej k‡ãi RvwiRywi Ñ eÇ †ewk kã, ïay cybive„wË| wZwb wKQy GKUv Ki‡Z †Póv KiwQ‡jb, †`vnvB Ck¦‡ii Avwd«Kvb‡`i KL‡bv RNb¨ kÎæ wQj

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bv| Zuvi GKwU cÖe‡Ü ... †avbx : †Kvb cÖeÜ? bvBcj : Avwg ¯§iY Ki‡Z cviwQ bv| hw` Zviv `vmZ¡ Aejyß bv KiZ Ávbx †jv‡Kiv †h KZ K_v ejZ| wW‡KÝ Kv‡jv gvbyl‡`i N„Yv Ki‡Zb| A™¢zZ ZvB bv? †avbx : Avcwb wK GKBfv‡e wesk kZ‡Ki weªwUk †jLK‡`i wePvi K‡ib? bvBcj : GUv †ek †KŠZ‚n‡jvÏxcK| GUv (Gfwjb) Iqv‡di †ejvq mZ¨| AvšÍR©vwZK cvVK jv‡fi welqwU Lye †ewkw`b Av‡Mi K_v bq| GBPwR I‡qjm hLb Zuvi cÖ_gw`KKvi Mí¸‡jv wjL‡Qb wZwb evB‡ii gvby‡li Rb¨ †j‡Lbwb| wZwb mvgªvR¨ev‡`i eû Pwe©ZPe©Y MÖnY K‡i Mí¸‡jv wj‡L‡Qb, hw`I wZwb GKRb fv‡jv †jLK| Avwki `kK †_‡K †jLv Mí¸‡jv‡Z i‡q‡Q Avwd«Kvb fzWz Ñ †cÖZavwg©K, fviZxq hvRK BZ¨vw`| wZwb †`‡ki evB‡i hv‡”Qb bv, †hme AvBwWqv wZwb MÖnY Ki‡Qb Zv †jLvq Kv‡R jvMv‡”Qb| hw`I †Kv‡bv wdKkb †j‡Lbwb (evUª©vÛ) iv‡mj wQ‡jb ˆewk¦K| wZwb Lye mvaviYfv‡e, ¯úófv‡e `vk©wbKx fvebv e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb| †avbx : fvi‡Z huviv Bs‡iwR e‡jb Zuv‡`i g‡a¨ iv‡m‡ji eo cvVK‡Mvôx i‡q‡Q| †hgb wnw÷ª Ae I‡q÷vb© wd‡jvmwd|

28

bvBcj : nu¨v, Z‡e mevB‡K we‡k¦i Rb¨ wjL‡Z n‡e Ggb bq, Zuviv Aek¨B wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ wjL‡eb, Zuv‡`i eÜz‡`i Rb¨ wjL‡eb| †avbx : wKš‘ Zv‡Z wK eB‡qi ¸iæZ¡ A¯^xKvi Kiv nq bv? bvBcj : bv| DËg hy‡M †jLKiv wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ hv wj‡L‡Qb Zv-B gvby‡li Kv‡Q P‡j G‡m‡Q| eB‡qi GB md‡ii e¨vcviwU NUvi KviY, c„w_ex GZUvB cÖwZeÜx †h †`Lvi g‡Zv Zvi wb‡Ri mvgvb¨B Av‡Q| Avwg GUv ejwQ bv evB‡ii c„w_exi Rb¨ gvby‡li evZ©v wb‡q hv‡”Q| eB‡q †h-ai‡bi †KŠZ‚nj mÂvi Kiv n‡q‡Q ¯^vfvweKfv‡e Zv Ab¨ gvby‡li `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| Av‡gwiKvb †jLvi K_vB aiæb| gvK© †UvqvBb n‡”Qb ˆewk¦K, †h †KD Zuvi eB co‡Z cv‡ib Ges Zv‡Z Zuv‡`i AvMÖ‡ni welq †c‡Z cv‡ib, wKš‘ Av‡gwiKvi Rb¨ wdU‡Rivì n‡”Qb †jvKvj Ñ ¯’vbxq| gvK© †UvqvB‡bi †jLvq Avgiv wnDgvi cvB Ñ G‡Z Ggb GK ¯^i i‡q‡Q hv me gvby‡li m‡½ K_v e‡j; Zvici e¯‘i cÖwZ Zuvi `„wófw½, e¯‘i ¸iæZ¡ wb‡q wZwb D”Q¡wmZ nbwb| †`L‡eb GLbKvi fviZxq †jLKiv Zuv‡`i e¯‘MZ AR©b wb‡q D”Q¡wmZ| Zuviv W¨vwW, gvw¤§, PvPv, PvwP Gme wb‡q wjL‡Qb, Zuv‡`i AwR©Z e¯‘i Rb¨ Avbw›`Z n‡”Qb| fviZxq eB‡qi †ePviv mgv‡jvPKiv nq‡Zv GB Dcmsnv‡i Avm‡Z cv‡ib : Ônuv, Ck¦i! G·, IqvB, †RW GZ eo fviZxq cwievi †_‡K

G‡m‡Qb, Avgiv RvbZvgB bv|Õ †avbx : fviZxq †jLK‡`i eB‡q Avgiv ïay GmeB cvB bv| bvBcj : Avcbv‡K IB fqsKi Av‡gwiKvb †nbwi †Rg‡mi w`‡K ZvKv‡Z n‡e| Avm‡j c„w_ex‡Z wZwb me‡P‡q ev‡R †jLK| wZwb KL‡bv wb‡Ri wÎmxgvbvi evB‡i hvbwb| nu¨v, wZwb BD‡iv‡c G‡m‡Qb, wKš‘ GLv‡b G‡m Ô†jL‡Ki RxebÕ hvcb K‡i‡Qb| wZwb †Kv‡bvwKQyi SzuwK †bbwb| wZwb wb‡R‡K †Kv‡bv SzuwKi mvg‡b `uvov‡Z †`bwb| wZwb f`ª‡jvK wn‡m‡e mdi K‡i‡Qb| Av‡gwiKvb g¨vMvwR‡bi Rb¨ hLb wZwb Bswjk AvIqvm© wjL‡jb, wZwb `~i †_‡K Gcmg (mv‡ii GKwU †QvU kni) †Nvo‡`Šo wb‡q †j‡Lb| wZwb KL‡bv fv‡ebwb RbZvi m‡½ wgk‡eb, Zviv †Kb †mLv‡b G‡m‡Q, Kx Zv‡`i AvPiY Zv Rvb‡eb| Mvwoi Ic‡i †_‡K wKsev Uz¨wi÷ †Kv‡Pi IciZjvq e‡m wZwb G-KvRwU Ki‡eb| Zuvi A‡bK †jLv GiKgB| Zuvi †jLvq e¯‘i RqMvb, wZwb g‡b K‡ib G-wel‡qi Ici †jLvi Rb¨B wZwb AeZxY© n‡q‡Qb, BD‡iv‡ci RuvKRgK Ges Av‡gwiKvi bZzb UvKvi PvKwPK¨ †KD Qvwo‡q †h‡Z cvi‡e bv| A‡bK eQi Av‡M GwjRv‡e_ nvW©DBK (1916-2007; mvwnZ¨mgv‡jvPK) Avgv‡K e‡j‡Qb, Kx n‡”Q? †nbwi †Rgm hv‡`i m‡½ K_v ej‡Qb mevB Av‡gwiKvb| Avi Gi d‡j Av‡gwiKvb ZiæYiv fve‡Q Zviv BD‡ivc †`L‡Z †e‡iv‡e Ges Zuvi g‡Zv ÔGKUv †nbwi †RgmÕ wj‡L †dj‡e| †avbx : Avcwb wbðqB †nwgsI‡q m¤ú‡K© G-K_v ej‡Z cv‡ib bv, ZiæY Av‡gwiKvbiv Zuv‡KI AbymiY Kivi †Póv K‡i| wZwb †Zv RbM‡Yi m‡½ †g‡kb| bvBcj : †nwgsI‡q †Kv_vq wQ‡jb wZwb wb‡RI Rvb‡Zb bv| wZwb Av‡gwiKvb nIqv wb‡qB e¨¯Í wQ‡jb Avi Zuvi welqI †ZgbB| Avcwb †nwgsI‡q wKsev wdU‡Riv‡ìi Mí wKsev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv iPbv, wKsev c¨vwim wb‡q †jLv †Kv‡bv wKQy †_‡K G-aviYvB cv‡eb bv Ñ `yB hy‡×i gvSLv‡bi mgqUv‡K c¨vwim‡K Kx KwVb Ae¯’vi ga¨ w`‡q †h‡Z n‡q‡Q| Zuviv †Kej Kv‡d, cvbxq, kvgyK wSbyK Gme wb‡q wj‡L‡Qb| evB‡ii e„nËi cwimi‡K Zuviv †`‡Lb bv| G-ai‡bi †jLv co‡Z Ges G¸‡jv‡K ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ MÖnY Ki‡Z Avgvi Amyweav nq| Gme Avgvi Rb¨ bq, iv¯Ívi Ab¨ gvby‡li Rb¨| Zuviv Ô†M c¨vwimÕ wKsev G-ai‡bi welq wb‡q wj‡L‡Qb| hy‡×i aŸsmhÁ, gvby‡li g„Zz¨ Ñ Gme wb‡q Zuviv gv_v Nvgv‡Z Pvbwb| GLb †Zv †KD d«vÝ wb‡q †jLvi Rb¨ †mLv‡b hv‡”Qb bv| KviY GKUv RvqMvi hLb me wVKVvK, †hgb GLbKvi d«vÝ, †jLvUv †Kgb n‡e Rvbv KwVb| †hLv‡b wM‡q Avcwb ¯’vbxq RbM‡Yi aviYvi weiæ‡× `uvov‡Z cv‡ib, †mLv‡b †jLv mnR| Avcwb fvi‡Z †h‡Z cv‡ib, †bcv‡j †h‡Z cv‡ib| †mLv‡b AMY¨ RbZvi wfo| Gme †jv‡Ki Rb¨ hviv †V‡j Avcbvi eB‡q D‡V Avmvi Rb¨ c_ K‡i †b‡e Zv‡`i Rb¨ Uªv‡fj G‡R›U Luy‡R cvIqv hv‡e bv| cÖwZ gv‡m Avgvi Kv‡Q A‡bK eB Av‡m, Zviv Avcbvi Kv‡Q cvVv‡e bv, KviY Avcwb †Zgb K‡i fviZ wb‡q eB †j‡Lbwb|

†Rvbv_vb †iv‡mb I ZiæY †ZRcv‡ji †bIqv 1998-Gi c¨vwim wiwfDi mvÿvrKvi †_‡K :

cÖkœ : Avwg Avcbvi eB‡qi bvg A¨v I‡q Bb `¨ Iqvì© ï‡bB nZevK| GUv Avgv‡K c¨vivWvBm j‡÷i †klvs‡ki K_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`q| ¯^M© †_‡K †ei K‡i †`Iqvi ci D‡Ïk¨nxb †NvivNywi| evwo Qvovi ci Avcwb †hLv‡b Av‡mb GUv †mB wek¦?

bvBcj : Avgvi g‡b nq, Avcwb †Kv_vq evm Ki‡Qb Zvi Ici GUv wbf©i K‡i| Avwg eyS‡Z cviwQ bv GUv b¨vh¨ †Kv‡bv cÖkœ wK bv wKsev Avwg Gi DËi †`‡ev wK bv| Avcwb eis Ab¨fv‡e cÖkœwU Kiæb| cÖkœ : Avgvi g‡b n‡”Q wek¦ ej‡Z Avcwb Kx †evSv‡”Qb †mUvB Rvb‡Z Pvw”Q| bvBcj : gvbyl Lye mv`vwm‡a Rxebhvcb Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvB bv? wPšÍvfvebv Qvov †Kv_vI wb‡R‡K jywK‡q ivL‡Z cv‡i| Avwg g‡b Kwi, Avcwb hLb wPšÍv K‡ib ZLb †hLv‡b cÖ‡ek K‡ib †mUvB wek¦ Ñ hLb Avcwb wkwÿZ n‡q I‡Vb, hLb Avcwb cÖkœ Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ñ Avcwb wekvj we‡k¦ _vK‡Z cv‡ib Ges cy‡ivcywi AvÂwjKI n‡Z cv‡ib| cÖkœ : Avcwb wK e„nËi fvebvi GKwU we‡k¦ †e‡o D‡V‡Qb? Avcbvi Ôwek¦Õ k‡ã †h aviYv w`‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? bvBcj : Avwg memgqB RvbZvg evB‡i GKwU wek¦ Av‡Q| Avwg †m-we‡k¦ †e‡o D‡VwQ Ñ K…wlwfwËK Jcwb‡ewkK mgvR Ñ Avwg Zv †g‡b wb‡Z cvwiwb| GZ welYœ, GZ mxwgZ Avcwb _vK‡Z cv‡ib bv| cÖkœ : A·‡dv‡W© cov‡kvbv Kivi Rb¨ Avcwb 1950 mv‡j wÎwb`v` †Q‡o hvb| Avcbvi D”Pvkv PwiZv_© Kivi Rb¨ mgy`ª cvwo w`‡q AcwiwPZ GK †`‡k| bvBcj : Avwg Lye weL¨vZ n‡Z †P‡qwQjvg| Avwg GKRb †jLKI n‡Z †P‡qwQ, †jLvi Rb¨ weL¨vZ| Avgvi †mB D”Pvkvi Am¤¢e w`KwU wQj Ñ Avwg Kx wjL‡Z hvw”Q, †m-m¤ú‡K© Avgvi †Kv‡bv aviYvB wQj bv| ev¯Í‡e Avgvi A‡bK Av‡M D”PvkvwU G‡m hvq| wPÎwbg©vZv k¨vg †e‡bMvj GKevi Avgv‡K e‡jwQ‡jb, wZwb Q-eQi eqm †_‡K wm‡bgv evbv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb Ñ Avwg †jLK n‡Z †P‡qwQ `k eQi eqm †_‡K| ... cÖkœ : mewKQyi mgvav‡bi c_ wn‡m‡e †jLv‡jwLUvB †Kb Avcbvi Rxe‡bi g~j cÖ‡qvRb n‡q `uvwo‡q‡Q? bvBcj : Rxe‡bi jÿ¨ wn‡m‡e GUv Avgv‡K †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| eis Avwg Avgvi evevi D`vniY w`B| wZwb GKRb †jLK wQ‡jb Ñ GKRb mvsevw`K; wZwb MíI wjL‡Zb| Avgvi Kv‡Q GUv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wQj| wZwb GUv‡K †c‡q‡Qb wb`©q †cÖÿvc‡U; Zuvi Mí †_‡K Avwg eyS‡Z cvwi ZuviUv wQj Lye wb`©q wek¦| Kv‡RB Avwg GB fvebv wb‡qB †e‡o DwV †h, memgqB evB‡ii kÎæ‡K †Lvjvmv Kivi `iKvi †bB, Riæwi n‡”Q wb‡Ri †fZi w`KUv‡Z ZvKv‡bv| Aek¨B Avgv‡`i wb‡R‡`i cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e Ñ Avgv‡`i wb‡R‡`i `ye©jZv‡K cixÿv Ki‡Z n‡e| GUv Avwg GL‡bv wek¦vm Kwi| cÖkœ : Avcwb e‡j‡Qb, †jLv‡jwL Avcwb †`L‡Qb mwZ¨Kv‡ii gnvb AvnŸvb wn‡m‡e| bvBcj : nu¨v, Avgvi Rb¨ GUv gnvb AvnŸvb| GUv gnvb, KviY mZ¨ wb‡q Gi Kvievi| Avcbvi AwfÁZv‡K e¨envi Ki‡Z Avcbv‡K c_ LuyR‡Z nq| Avcbv‡K Zv eyS‡Z nq, wek¦‡K eyS‡Z nq| †jLv‡jwL n‡”Q MfxiZi Dcjwäi wbišÍÍi cÖ‡Póv| GUv †ek gnvb KvR| cÖkœ : Avcwb KLb wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib? bvBcj : 1949-G GKwU Dcb¨v‡mi KvR ïiæ Kwi| gRvi GKwU wPšÍvi GUv †ek cÖnmbg~jK †jLv Ñ wÎwb`v‡`i GKRb Kv‡jv gvbyl Avwd«Kvi GKRb ivRvi bv‡g wb‡Ri bvg ivL‡Qb| Avwg GB fvebvwUiB AbymÜvb KiwQjvg| GB †jLvUv Uvb‡Z Uvb‡Z `yeQi wb‡q wbB, KviY Avwg GZUvB ZiæY wQjvg †h, †ewk wKQy ZL‡bv Avgvi Rvbv nqwb| Avwg evwo †Q‡o †e‡iv‡bvi

29

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GKwU welq †jLvi Rb¨ Avgvi †h-aviYvwU KvR K‡i, Zv‡Z Avgvi evevi g‡Zv GKwU PwiÎ, †h Rxe‡bi †klcÖv‡šÍ G‡m †hme wRwbmcÎ Zuv‡K wN‡i †i‡L‡Q, †m¸‡jv †`L‡Q, fve‡Q G¸‡jv †Kgb K‡i Zuvi Rxe‡b G‡jv| Avwg `xN©mgq †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Aby‡cÖiYv QvovB wj‡L †MwQ, cÖvq bq gvm|

Kw`b Av‡M †jLvUv ïiæ Kwi, A·‡dv‡W©i GKUv j¤^v QywUi mgq †kl nq| Avwg Lywk nB KviY GKwU eB †kl Ki‡Z cvivi †h-AwfÁZv Zv Avwg AR©b Kwi| Aek¨B GB eB‡qi wKQyB nqwb| Avwg hLb A·‡dvW© †Q‡o hvB mwZ¨Kv‡ii Avw_©K UvbvUvwbi g‡a¨ c‡o hvB Ñ Avwg LyeB wmwiqvm wKQy GKUv wjL‡Z ïiæ Kwi| Avwg Avgvi wb‡Ri ¯^i, wb‡Ri myi LyuR‡Z _vwK Ñ hv GKvšÍB Avgvi wb‡Ri| Kv‡iv KvQ †_‡K avi Kiv bq, wKsev AwfbxZ wKQy bq| wmwiqvm ¯^i Avgv‡K wb‡q †Mj Mfxi nZvkvi w`‡K| GUv Avgv‡K wKQyKvj †U‡b ivLj, hZÿY Avgvi cvVv‡bv cvÐzwjwc c‡o GKRb civgk© w`‡jb Gme †Q‡o `vI| ... cÖkœ : G-mgqB wK Avcwb wg‡Mj w÷ªU wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib? bvBcj : nu¨v| †Kv‡bv wKQy wb‡q mevi Av‡M wKQy †jLvUv Lye KwVb KvR| Gici GUv AbymiY Kiv †ek mnR| Avwg †h-eBwU wj‡LwQ Zv‡Z i‡q‡Q Avgvi ch©‡eÿY, †jvKK_v, msev`c‡Îi wK¬wcs Ges Avgvi ¯§„wZi wgkÖY| GiKg A‡b‡KB Ki‡Z cv‡ib wKš‘ †m-mgq Avwg hv K‡iwQ †f‡ewP‡šÍ Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| GKevi fveyb, 1955 mv‡j wg‡Mj w÷ª‡Ui g‡Zv GKUv eB †jLv n‡q‡Q| GLb †Zv gvbyl fvi‡Zi Ges Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mv‡eK Dcwb‡e‡ki †jLv‡jwL wb‡q AvMÖnx, wKš‘ †m-mgq G¸‡jv †jLv e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡Zv bv| cÖKvwkZ nIqvi Av‡M Pvi eQi GB eBwU enb Kiv Avgvi Rb¨ Lye KwVb GKwU KvR wQj| G‡Z Avwg fxlY gyl‡o c‡owQjvg Ges Zv GL‡bv Avgvi Ici Kv‡jv Qvqv Qwo‡q Av‡Q| cÖkœ : 1955 mv‡j Avcwb `ywU eB wj‡L‡Qb| `¨ wgw÷K g¨vwmIi Ges wg‡Mj w÷ªU| cÖ_g eBwU 1957-i Av‡M Ges Mí¸‡jv 1959-Gi Av‡M cÖKvwkZ nqwb| bvBcj : Avgvi Rxeb wQj †ek KwVb| hLb Avcwb ZiæY hLb Avcwb wbt¯^, hLb Avcwb Avcbvi Dcw¯’wZ c„w_ex‡K Rvbv‡Z Pvb, ZLb A‡cÿvi `yeQi A‡bK j¤^v mgq| Avgv‡K mwZ¨B A‡bK fzM‡Z n‡q‡Q| `¨ wgw÷K g¨vwmIi (Gi evsjv n‡Z cv‡i AZxw›`ªq A½g`©bKvix) †kl ch©šÍ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q Ges Avgvi wb‡Ri cwÎKv (Avwg ZLb wbD †÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvq KvR Kwi) eBwU‡K bvKP K‡i †`q| A·‡dvW© †_‡K cvk Kiv cieZx©Kv‡j †ek L¨vwZgvb GKRb GUv‡K Jcwb‡ewkK Øxc †_‡K Avmv wKwÂr PvUwb e‡j Dwo‡q w`‡jb Ñ G‡Z †Kv‡bv kÖ‡gi ¯^vÿi †bB| †m-mgq eB‡qi Av‡jvPKiv †Kvb¸‡jv‡K mwZ¨Kv‡ii eB ej‡Zb Zv †`LvUv †KŠZ‚n‡ji e¨vcvi| GLb Gme Avgv‡K ejv A_©nxb| hvK‡M, eBUv †Zv Pwjøk eQi a‡i evRv‡i Av‡Q Ges GL‡bv Qvcv n‡”Q| wKš‘ Avwg weaŸ¯Í n‡q c‡owQjvg| Avwg D‡cÿvq ÿZ-weÿZ n‡qwQ| GLb G-ai‡bi eB mn‡RB cÖKvwkZ nq Ñ GRb¨B Awf‡hvM K‡ib| Avwg KL‡bv Awf‡hvM Kwiwb, Avwg Avgvi g‡Zv Pvwj‡q †MwQ| cÖkœ : Avcwb g~jZ AvZ¥wek¦v‡mi e‡j wU‡K †M‡Qb?

30

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bvBcj : G wb‡q Avgvi †Kv‡bv m‡›`n †bB| hLb Avwg wkï wQjvg, †m-mgq †_‡KB Avgvi wek¦vm wQj Avwg wPwýZ; Avwg Avjv`v| cÖkœ : A¨v nvDR di wg÷vi wek¦vm cÖ_g Dcb¨vm cÖKvwkZ nIqvi ciB wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib? bvBcj : nu¨v| Avwg gwiqv n‡q GKwU wel‡qi Rb¨ Pviw`‡K †LuvR KiwQjvg| GUv Lye nZvkve¨ÄK wQj, Avwg h‡_ó wbwðZ‡eva KiwQjvg bv e‡j †cbwmj w`‡q wjL‡Z ïiæ Kwi| Avgvi †h-aviYvwU KvR K‡i, Zv‡Z Avgvi evevi g‡Zv GKwU PwiÎ, †h Rxe‡bi †klcÖv‡šÍ G‡m †hme wRwbmcÎ Zuv‡K wN‡i †i‡L‡Q, †m¸‡jv †`L‡Q, fve‡Q G¸‡jv †Kgb K‡i Zuvi Rxe‡b G‡jv| Avwg `xN©mgq †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Aby‡cÖiYv QvovB wj‡L †MwQ, cÖvq bq gvm| cÖkœ : Avcwb wK cÖwZw`bB †j‡Lb? bvBcj : cÖwZw`bB wjwL, K‡Vvifv‡e GUv ejv hvq bv Ñ gb Lvivc _vK‡j AbycÖvwYZ n‡q Avcwb †jLv‡jwLi KvRUv Pvjv‡Z cv‡ib bv| Avwg GKB m‡½ Avgvi †jLvi wiwfDqvi nIqvi †Póv KiwQjvg| †KD GKRb wbD †÷Umg¨vb cwÎKvi Kv‡Q Avgv‡K mycvwik K‡iwQj| Zviv Avgv‡K GKUvi ci GKUv KvR cvVv‡Z _v‡K, Avwg Lye †Póv K‡i hvw”Qjvg, wKš‘ †Póv e¨_© nq| Zvici Zviv Avgv‡K R¨vgvBKvi Ici wKQy eB cvVvq| GKmgq PgrKvi mnR ¯^iwU Avgvi AwaKv‡i P‡j Av‡m| Zvi gv‡b Avgvi †m-mg‡qi wKQy mvdj¨ Av‡Q Ñ †Kgb K‡i GKUv eB wb‡q †QvU wKš‘ gRvi GKUv †jLv †`Iqv hvq, wKsev †Kgb K‡i eBwU‡K cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q mwZ¨B ev¯Íe K‡i †Zvjv hvq Ñ Gme wk‡LwQ| †kl ch©šÍ Dcb¨vmwU MwZ †c‡q †Mj, Zvici †m-MwZ‡ZB Pj‡Z _vKj| Avwg cÖwZ Pvi mßv‡ni wZb mßvnB †jLv‡jwLi Rb¨ †Q‡o w`w”Q| Avwg Lye wkMwMi eyS‡Z cvwi, GwU GKwU fv‡jv eB n‡Z hv‡”Q| Avwg ZLb Lye mš‘ó, Avwg hw`I ZiæY Zey wb‡R‡K eo Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖwZkÖæZ Kiv‡Z †c‡iwQ Ñ Avwg eis †QvU AvKv‡iB KvRUv ïiæ K‡iwQjvg Ges †f‡ewQ wb‡R‡K cÖwkwÿZ Ki‡Z cvi‡j eo KvR aie| †m-mgq †KD hw` Avgv‡K iv¯Ívq AvU‡K w`‡q ejZ, KvRUv ev` `vI Avwg †Zvgv‡K GK wgwjqb cvDÛ †`‡ev Avwg Zv‡K ejZvg : †K‡U c‡ov| Avgvi eB Avgv‡K †kl Ki‡ZB n‡e| cÖkœ : eBUv‡K (A¨v nvDR di wg÷vi wek¦vm) †Kgbfv‡e MÖnY Kiv n‡qwQj? bvBcj : cÖKvkK hLb eBUv co‡jb ZLb †_‡KB eBUv fv‡jvfv‡e M„nxZ n‡q‡Q ejv hvq| GUv ej‡Z cvi‡j fv‡jv n‡Zv †h, cÖKv‡ki m‡½ m‡½ eBwU msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ wfo †j‡M hvq Ñ wKš‘ Aek¨B †miKg wKQy nqwb| GUv ej‡Z cvi‡j fv‡jv n‡Zv eBwU cÖKv‡ki m‡½ m‡½ c„w_ex `uvwo‡q †Mj Ges eBwU c„w_exi bR‡i coj Ñ Aek¨B †miKg wKQy nqwb| Avgvi Ab¨ eB¸‡jvi cv‡k GUv g„`y UzbUzb kãB Kij, Z‡e eBwU‡K wb‡Ri c_ K‡i wb‡Z A‡bKUv mgqB cvi Ki‡Z n‡jv| r

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mnawg©Yx c¨v‡Uªwmqvi m‡½ bvBcj wf Gm bvBcj : Rxeb I mvwnZ¨

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e `~i AZxZ bq, 2016 mv‡j evsjv GKv‡Wwg cÖv½‡Y XvKv wjUv‡iwi †dw÷fv‡j cÖavb AwZw_ n‡q G‡mwQ‡jb fMœ I iæM&Y ¯^v‡¯’¨i wf Gm bvBcj Ñ cy‡iv bvg we`¨vai m~h©cÖmv` bvBcj| g‡Â wZwb ûBj‡Pqv‡i e‡mwQ‡jb, cv‡k Qvqvi g‡Zv Zuv‡K AvM‡j †i‡LwQ‡jb Zuvi wØZxq ¯¿x, cvwK¯Ív‡b Rb¥ †bIqv mvsevw`K bvw`iv Lvbg Avjwf| †mB Avgv‡`i †kl †`Lv bvBcj‡K| †mw`b mswÿß fvl‡Y wZwb Avgv‡`i gy» K‡iwQ‡jb| A‡bKw`b a‡i Zuvi kix‡i †ivM evmv †eu‡awQj| Avgvi ¯^íKvjxb jÛ‡bi cÖevmRxe‡b 1986 mv‡j Zuv‡K †ek KwU Abyôv‡b †`‡LwQ, K_v n‡q‡Q, ZLb Zuvi †d«ÂKvU `vwo wQj bv| i½i‡m fiv cÖvYešÍ gvbylwU‡K XvKvq A‡bK †ewk w¯ÍwgZ g‡b n‡jv| bvBcj †c‡qwQ‡jb 86 eQ‡ii (17 AvM÷ 193211 AvM÷ 2018) PovB-DZivB cvi nIqv GK msMÖvggyLi Rxeb| Rb¥ wÎwb`v‡` 1932 mv‡j, cÖ_g

wek¦hy‡×i (1914-18) c‡i Ges wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i (1939-45) cÖv°v‡j| Zvi c~e©cyiæliv we‡klZ cÖwcZvgn wQ‡jb nZ`wi`ª| Rb¥f‚wg fviZ †_‡K `vwi‡`ª¨i Kvi‡Y †`kZ¨vMx n‡qwQ‡jb 1880 mv‡j| Zuvi g‡Zv `wi`ª I fvM¨nZ gvbyl‡`i weªwUkiv RvnvRfwZ© K‡i `wÿY Av‡gwiKvi KvQvKvwQ K¨vwiexq A‡ji GK †QvU Øx‡c, hvi bvg wÎwb`v` †mLv‡b, wb‡q wM‡qwQj| Pv¸qvbv bv‡g GK ÿz`ª gd¯^j kn‡i bvbvevwo‡Z bvBc‡ji Rb¥| cÖwcZvgn weªwUk Jcwb‡ewkK cÖfz‡`i Av‡Li Lvgv‡i w`bvšÍ cwikÖg K‡i Rxebhvcb Ki‡Zb| mvZ eQi eq‡m ivRavbx kni †cvU© Ae †¯ú‡b P‡j Av‡mb bvBcj| †mLv‡b Zuvi ¯‹zjRxeb AwZevwnZ nq| †mUvI wQj bvbvevwo| weivU GKvbœeZx© cwievi| memgq Kjn Avi †Kvjvn‡j cwic~Y©| GiKg Rxeb Zuvi fv‡jv jv‡Mwb| Acwimxg `vwi`ª¨ Avi Awkÿvi AÜKv‡i wbgw¾Z GiKg Rxeb Zuv‡K gvbwmKfv‡e cxwoZ K‡i †Zv‡j| 18 eQi eq‡m GKUv e„wË cvIqvi d‡j wZwb cov‡kvbv

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Ki‡Z Bsj¨v‡Ûi A·‡dv‡W© P‡j Av‡mb| Rb¥f‚wg wÎwb`v`‡K we`vq Rvwb‡q Kvw•ÿZ kn‡i G‡m wZwb nuvd †Q‡o euv‡Pb| wKš‘ `vwi`ª¨ Zuvi wcQy wcQy Av‡m| e¨qeûj kni jÛ‡b wZwb A_©‰bwZKfv‡e wech©¯Í n‡q c‡ob| mvgvwRKfv‡eI Zuv‡K wbcxwoZ n‡Z nq| A‡k¦Zv½ bvBc‡ji, eY©ev‡`i Kvi‡Y, cÖwZwôZ n‡Z †ek wej¤^ nq| wb‡R‡K wZwb Abvn~Z Ges AvMš‘K wn‡m‡e Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| c¨v‡Uªwmqv A¨vb †nBj bv‡g GK weªwUk mncvwVbxi m‡½ GB mgq Zuvi †cÖg nq| cÖ_g cwiPq †_‡K cÖYq Ges cÖYq †_‡K we‡q (1955)| ïiæ nq Rxe‡bi GK bZzb ce©| c¨v‡Uªwmqv Zuvi Rxe‡b Avkxe©v` n‡q Av‡mb| bvBcj G-mgq A_©msK‡U Wz‡ewQ‡jb| c¨v‡Uªwmqvi KvQ †_‡K UvKv avi wb‡q Zuvi Rxeb P‡j| ejv P‡j, GB Bs‡iR †k¦Zv½ bvix ïay ¯¿x wQ‡jb bv, wQ‡jb bvBc‡ji A‡NvwlZ †m‡µUvwi| Rxe‡bi †klw`b ch©šÍ (1996) c¨v‡Uªwmqv Zuvi cv‡k Qvqvi g‡Zv wQ‡jb| bvBcj c¨v‡Uªwmqv‡K ¯¿x wn‡m‡e KZUzKz gh©v`v w`‡q‡Qb, Zv GK weZwK©Z welq| bvBc‡ji RxebxKvi c¨vwUªK †d«Â (Patrick French) Zuvi `¨ Iqvì© BR †nvqvU BU BR (The World is What it is) MÖ‡š’ G-cÖm‡½ A‡bK K_v wj‡L‡Qb : Zuv‡`i `v¤úZ¨ Rxeb wQj eܨv I AmyLx| wZwb wbqwgZ †ek¨vMgb Ki‡Zb| gvM©v‡iU ¸wWs bv‡g GK A¨vs‡jv Av‡R©›UvBb bvixi m‡½ cÖej †hŠbm¤úK© wQj Zuvi| e¨w³MZ RxebvPi‡Y wQ‡jb Amwnòz, D×Z, e`‡gRvwR, `ygy©L I AZ¨vPvix| ivR‰bwZK wPšÍvfvebvq wQ‡jb cÖwZwµqvkxj| 1952 mv‡j bvBcj gvbwmK fvimvg¨ nvwi‡q †d‡jb| wecyj A_©Kó, eB Qvcvi e¨vcv‡i bZzb A‡k¦Zv½ †jLK bvBc‡ji cÖwZ cÖKvkK‡`i Am¤¢e Abxnv Zuv‡K gvbwmKfv‡e ch©y`¯Í K‡i †d‡j| G-mgq wZwb AvZ¥nZ¨vi K_vI fv‡eb| wKš‘ gnxqmx bvix c¨v‡Uªwmqv ZLb Zuvi cv‡k †_‡K Zuv‡K mvnm †RvMvb, Zuv‡K AvZ¥wek¦vmx K‡i †Zv‡jb, Zuv‡K my¯’ K‡i †Zv‡jb| ïiæ nq Rxe‡bi GK bZzb Aa¨vq| G-mgq wewewm-†Z mßv‡n GKw`b ÔK¨vwiweqvb f‡qmÕ AbyôvbwU wZwb Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Zb| GKw`b wewewmi wd«j¨vÝvi mvsevw`K‡`i K‡ÿ e‡m Ô†evMvU©Õ (Bogart) MíwU †j‡Lb, hv cieZx© mg‡q wg¸‡qj w÷ªU (Miguel Street) MíMÖ‡š’ AšÍfz©³ n‡q cÖKvwkZ nq Ges cvVKwcÖqZv jvf K‡i| jÛ‡bi GK mü`q cÖKvkK Zuv‡K Dcb¨vm wjL‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡ib| Kvj‡ÿcY bv K‡i bvBcj `ªæZ `¨ wgw÷K g¨vwmDi (The Mystic Masseur) wj‡L †d‡jb Ges Zv 1955 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq| Gici Zuvi evev I cÖwcZvg‡ni Rxe‡bi `wi`ª I KiæY Kvwnwb wb‡q Av nvDR di wg. wek¦vm (A House for Mr. Biswas) wj‡L Af‚Zc~e© L¨vwZ AR©b K‡ib 1961 mv‡j| GB AvZ¥‰RewbK Dcb¨v‡m wZwb GKwU cwiev‡ii msMÖvggyLi Rxe‡bi PvjwPÎ Zz‡j a‡ib| G-Dcb¨vmwU †jLvi ci Zuvi g‡b n‡jv, Gici Zuvi Avi wKQy †jLvi †bB| †jLvi me im` Zuvi dzwi‡q †M‡Q| wZwb ågY ïiæ K‡ib| Zuvi agwb‡Z wQj ågY¯ú„nv I Acwimxg ågYZ…òv| wZwb bZzb RvqMv, wfbœ ms¯‹…wZ I wfbœ gvbyl †`L‡Z cQ›` Ki‡Zb| ïiæ n‡jv Zuvi †jLK-Rxe‡bi wØZxq ce©| 1962 mv‡j wZwb fviZ åg‡Y hvb, †hLv‡b GK`v Zuvi wcZvgn cig `wi`ªZvi †fZi emevm Ki‡Zb| wZwb fxlY nZvk nb, Zuvi ¯^cœf½ nq| wZwb GB AwfÁZv wb‡q GKwU cÖe‡Üi eB

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A¨vb Gwiqv Ae WvK©‡bm (An Area of Darkness) †j‡Lb| 1964 mv‡j eBwU cÖKv‡ki ci wZwb K‡Vvi mgv‡jvPbvi gy‡LvgywL nb| fviZ miKvi eBwU wbwl× K‡i| Zey fviZ, Zuvi wcZvg‡ni Rb¥f‚wg, Zuv‡K Qvqvi g‡Zv AbymiY K‡i| Zuvi wbR¯^ †Kv‡bv ¯§„wZ †bB, ZeyI evievi wZwb fviZ ågY K‡ib, me©mvK‡j¨ fviZ wel‡q wZbwU cÖeÜMÖš’ iPbv K‡ib| 1. A¨vb Gwiqv Ae WvK©‡bm (1964) 2. BwÛqv : G I‡ÛW wmwfjvB‡Rkb (1977) 3. BwÛqv : G wgwjqb wgDwUwbR bvI (1990) wZbwU eB-B K‡Vvi mgv‡jvPbvi wkKvi nq| bvBc‡ji wcÖq welq M„nnxbZv, †kKonxbZv (rootlessness), ms¯‹…wZi wePz¨wZ (conversion of culture) Ges ag©všÍ‡ii iƒcvšÍi| 1979 mv‡j, GB †KŠZ‚nj I AvMÖn †_‡K wZwb Gwkqvi PviwU Abviexq †`k Bivb, B‡›`v‡bwkqv, gvj‡qwkqv I cvwK¯Ívb åg‡Yi ci †j‡Lb Ñ A¨vgvs `¨ wewjfvim : A¨vb BmjvwgK Rvwb© (Among the Believers : An Islamic Journey| eBwU 1981 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nIqvi ci Gme †`‡ki mvwnZ¨-mgv‡jvPKiv iæó nb| wZwb Avevi mgv‡jvPbvi wkKvi nb| m‡Z‡iv eQi ci GB PviwU †`k Avevi ågY K‡i 1995 mv‡j †j‡Lb †eqÛ wewjd : BmjvwgK G·Kvimb&m A¨vgvs `¨ Kbfv‡U©W wccjm (Beyond Belief : Islamic Excursions among the Converted Peoples)|

Abvie Ges ag©všÍwiZ gymjgvb‡`i wel‡q †jLv GB `y‡Uv ågYKvwnwb bvBcj m¤ú‡K© weZ‡K©i m„wó K‡i| wZwb Avevi cÖkœwe× nb| wØZxq eBwU wZwb cvwK¯Ívwb mvsevw`K I Zuvi wØZxq ¯¿x, 1996 mv‡j huvi m‡½ Zuvi we‡q nq, Zuvi D‡Ï‡k DrmM© K‡ib| mvjgvb iæk`x Zuvi GK cÖe‡Ü wf Gm bvBcj m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb : ÔGKwU †`k, ag©, ms¯‹…wZ I RvwZ m¤ú‡K© GZ Aímg‡q GiKg gZvgZ †`Iqv hvq bv| evB‡i †_‡K bq, †fZi †_‡K †`L‡Z nq|Õ bvBcj M‡elK bb; wZwb AvL¨vqK, Lvwj †Pv‡L wZwb hv Ae‡jvKb K‡i‡Qb, Zv-B eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| †eqÛ wewjd MÖ‡š’i f‚wgKvq wZwb wj‡L‡Qb : ÔThis is a book about people. It is not a book of opinion. It is a book of stories.’

eBwU‡Z wZwb IB PviwU †`‡ki gvbyl m¤ú‡K© wj‡L‡Qb| M‡íi Avw½‡K †mme †`‡ki gvby‡li Rxebhvc‡bi K_v, cÖvwšÍK gvbyl‡`i K_v wj‡L‡Qb| wZwb Zuvi mxgve×Zv ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb Gfv‡e : ÔThe theme of conversion was al-

ways there; but I didn’t see is as clearly as I saw it on this second journey.’ bvBcj Zuvi wØZxq åg‡Y, Zuvi wØZxq MÖ‡š’, Beyond Belief-G A‡bK †ewk mshZ, A‡bK †ewk ˆbe©¨w³K, A‡bK

†ewk m‡PZb| wZwb wj‡L‡Qb : ÔWhen I started on this journey in 1979 I knew almost nothing about Islam – it is the best way to start on a venture – and that first book was an exploration of the details of the faith...’

Zuvi GB AbymÜvb †_‡g _v‡Kwb| mg‡qi m‡½ m‡½ wZwb cwiYZ n‡q‡Qb, F× n‡q‡Qb| bvBcj 1971 mv‡j ey K vi cy i ¯‹vi cvb| 1973 mvj

†_‡K †bv‡ej cyi¯‹v‡ii n«¯^-ZvwjKvq Zuvi bvg AšÍfz©³ nq; wKš‘ wZwb †mB Kvw•ÿZ Ges cÖZ¨vwkZ cyi¯‹vi †_‡K ewÂZ nb weZwK©Z nIqvi Kvi‡Y| wZwb hLb Avwd«Kv ågY K‡ib I †mB †`k m¤ú‡K© †j‡Lb `¨ gv¯‹ Ae Avwd«Kv (The Masque of Africa : Glimpses of African Belief), ZL‡bv mgv‡jvPbvi So I‡V| wZwb Avm‡j GKwU †`‡ki b„ZË¡, mgvRKvVv‡gv, BwZnvm Gme wel‡q Mfxi †nvgIqvK© K‡ibwb e‡j mvwnZ¨-mgv‡jvPKiv g‡b K‡ib| bvBcj‡K `xN©w`b A‡cÿv Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q we‡k¦i AvšÍR©vwZK m¤§vbbv †bv‡ej cyi¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ Ges †kl ch©šÍ 2001 mv‡j wZwb GB cyi¯‹vi cvb| Zuvi eB cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK cÖKvkbv ms¯’v¸‡jv GwM‡q Av‡m| Zuvi mgMÖ mvwnZ¨Kg©‡K `yfv‡M wef³ Kiv hvq| GK. m„Rbkxj Dcb¨vm (fiction) Ges `yB. cÖeÜ (non-fiction)| Zuvi weL¨vZ Dcb¨vm¸‡jv : 1. A House for Mr. Biswas (1961) 2. A Bend in the River (1979) 3. A Way in the World (1994) 4. In a Free State (1971) 5. The Enigma of Arrival (1987) G-Dcb¨vm¸‡jv‡Z wZwb †kKonxb gvby‡li Db¥~j †e`bvi gg©vwšÍK AvL¨vb Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb| M„nnxbZv I ¯’vbPz¨wZ Ñ GB welq`ywU Zuvi wcÖq welq wn‡m‡e DwjøwLZ AwaKvsk Dcb¨v‡m Ny‡iwd‡i G‡m‡Q| AvZ¥‰RewbK Avw½K e¨envi K‡i wZwb ¯§„wZgqZv, AvZ¥K_b Ges ¯§„wZwP‡Îi AvkÖq MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Dcb¨vm¸‡jv‡Z ˆbivk¨, DbœvwmKZv Ges nZvkvi nvnvKvi

cÖwZwU c„ôv‡K fvivµvšÍ K‡i †i‡L‡Q| wKš‘ GZwKQyi ciI me‡P‡q eo m¤ú` Zuvi M`¨ Ñ Zuvi mvejxj I ¯^Ztù‚Z© ev‡K¨i PvZzh©gq e¨envi, hv cvVK‡K GK gvqvgq c„w_ex‡Z wb‡q hvq| cvVK Zuvi Dcb¨vm ïiæ Ki‡j †kl bv K‡i _vg‡Z cv‡ib bv| GB wkíPvZzh© GKRb kw³kvjx †jL‡Ki Lye kvwbZ GK A¯¿| PwiÎwP·YI bvBc‡ji gyb&wkqvbv Avgv‡`i Awff‚Z I gy» K‡i| wZwb wZwikwUi AwaK eB wj‡L‡Qb Ges GB eB¸‡jv‡Z AmsL¨ ˆecix‡Z¨i mgvnvi Avgv‡`i wew¯§Z K‡i| bvBcj g~jZ AvL¨vqK Ges MvwíK| wZwb hLb ågYKvwnwb iPbv K‡ib †mLv‡bI Mí †Luv‡Rb| †mB Mí wKse`wšÍ I BwZnv‡mi †fZi m¤ú„³ n‡q _v‡K| wZwb Zuvi cÖe‡Üi eB A Writer’s People : Ways of Looking and Feeling-G Gme K_v Aejxjvµ‡g AvZ¥‰RewbK Avw½‡K e‡j‡Qb| bvBc‡ji evev wm‡cimv` bvBcj wQ‡jb Bs‡iwR cwÎKvi mvsevw`K Ges Zuvi ¯^cœ wQj GKRb †jLK nIqvi| 1929 mv‡j wZwb wÎwb`v` MvwW©qv‡b (Trinidad Guardian) wbqwgZ cÖ`vqK wn‡m‡e †jLv w`‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| gvÎ mvZPwjøk eQi eq‡m wZwb gviv hvb (1906-53)| wfGm bvBcj Zuvi ågYKvwnwb¸‡jv‡Z AvZ¥‰RewbK Dcv`v‡bi cvkvcvwk BwZnv‡mi LyuwUbvwU welq e¨envi Kivi cÖqvm †c‡q‡Qb| wÎwb`v‡`i Ici †jLv `¨ jm Ae Gj‡Wviv‡Wv (The Loss of El Dorado) g~jZ wÎwb`v‡`i HwZnvwmK AvL¨vb wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡q‡Q| eY©bv, ¯§„wZgqZv Ges ¯§„wZK_b Dcb¨vmwU‡Z GKwU bZzb gvÎv †hvM K‡i‡Q| MZ Pvi eQ‡i bvBc‡ji †ekwKQy cÖeÜ wewfbœ cÎcwÎKvq wewÿßfv‡e Qvcv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv MÖwš’Z n‡q cy¯ÍKvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ n‡j cvVK DcK…Z n‡eb| `ywU MíMÖš’ wg¸‡qj w÷ªU (Miguel Street) Ges Av d¬¨vM Ab `¨ AvBj¨vÛ (A Flag on the Island) A‡bKUv bKkv-RvZxq| wZwb M‡íi †P‡q Dcb¨vm, cÖeÜ Ges ågYKvwnwbi cÖwZ †ewk wmwiqvm wQ‡jb, AwaKZi wb‡ew`ZcÖvY wQ‡jb| †kl ch©šÍ c¨v‡Uªwmqv Ges bvBcj wg‡j mvZ nvRvi `y‡kv cvD‡Û jÛ‡bi ÷KI‡qj cvK© wµ‡m›U GjvKvq wZb †d¬viwewkó GKwU A¨vcvU©‡g›U µq K‡ib| wÎwb`v` †_‡K jÛb Ges jÛ‡b ¯’vqxfv‡e emevm, wKš‘ ZviciI wb‡R‡K Zuvi AvMš‘K ev outsider g‡b n‡Zv, GK DØv¯‘ †PZbv Zuv‡K mvivRxeb Kz‡i Kz‡i †L‡q‡Q| wZwb wQ‡jb wbRM„‡n cievmx, †Kv_vI wZwb gvbwmKfv‡e w_Zz n‡Z cv‡ibwb| Z‡e jÛb Zuvi Rxeb`k©b e`‡j w`‡qwQj| wZwb Zuvi AvZ¥‰RewbK cÖeÜ msKjb Av ivBUvim wccj (A Writer’s People: Ways of Looking and Feeling) MÖ‡š’ wj‡L‡Qb : I had lived all my writing life in England; that had to be acknowledged, had to be part of my world view. I had been a serious traveller; that had to be acknowledged as well.

G-K_v me©Rb¯^xK…Z †h, Zuvi †jLv‡jwL-Rxe‡bi meUzKz mgq Bsj¨v‡Û †K‡U‡Q Ges GB Bsj¨vÛ Zuvi Rxeb`„wó m¤ú~Y© e`‡j w`‡q‡Q, ejv P‡j Zuv‡K wewbg©vY K‡i‡Q, Rxeb I RMr‡K wZwb wfbœfv‡e Ae‡jvKb Ki‡Z wkwL‡q‡Q| †mUvB Zuvi world view, c„w_ex‡K †`Lvi `„wófw½| Zuvi g„Zz¨i m‡½ m‡½ GKwU Aa¨v‡qi cwimgvwß NUj| r

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Zvi wmMv‡i‡U Av¸b bv †`Iqv ch©šÍ boj bv| Zv‡K Avi †Kv‡bvw`b †`Lv hvqwb| GKw`b we‡Kj PviUvi w`‡K AvRe cÖK…wZi GKRb `iRvq G‡m `uvovj| Avwg m‡e ¯‹zj †_‡K wd‡iwQ| Ô†kv‡bv evev, Avwg wK wfZ‡i Avm‡Z cvwi?Õ †m Avgv‡K ejj| †jvKwU †ek Lv‡Uv, ci‡b mv`v kvU© I Kv‡jv UªvDRvi| gv_vq Uzwc| ÔAvcwb wK Pvb?Õ Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg| Ô†Zvgv‡`i †gŠgvwQ¸‡jv GKevi †`L‡Z Pvw”Qjvg|Õ †m ejj| Avgv‡`i D‡Vv‡b PviwU cvgMvQ wQj, †mLv‡b †ek K‡qKwU †gŠgvwQi PvK wQj| Avwg N‡ii w`‡K K‡qK

cv GwM‡q †PuwP‡q ejjvg Ñ Ôgv, `iRvq GKRb †jvK Av‡Q, Avgv‡`i †gŠgvwQ¸‡jv GKevi †`L‡Z Pvq ej‡Q!Õ gv Ni †_‡K †ewi‡q G‡m †jvKwUi w`‡K GKevi ZvwK‡q wb‡q KK©k Mjvq ej‡jb Ñ ÔwK PvIqv nq?Õ ÔAvcbv‡`i †gŠgvwQ¸‡jv †`L‡Z Pvw”Qjvg|Õ †jvKwU ejj| Zvi Bs‡iwR Lye †MvQv‡bv| †evSvB hvw”Qj GUv Zvi gvZ…fvlv bq| gv‡K †ek wPwšÍZ g‡b n‡jv| gv Avgv‡K ej‡jb Ñ ÔhZÿY Dwb _v‡Kb, ZzB GLvb †_‡K GK cvI bowe bv|Õ Ôab¨ev` g¨vWvg! Avcbvi A‡kl †g‡nievwb|Õ †m Lye ax‡i ax‡i ¸wQ‡q K_vUv ejj, †hb cÖwZwU kã Zvi UvKv w`‡q †Kbv! Avgiv cvgMv‡Qi wb‡P nuvUzi Ici fi w`‡q e‡m cÖvq GK NÈv a‡i †gŠgvwQ¸‡jv †`Ljvg| Ô†gŠgvwQ †`L‡Z Avgvi Lye fv‡jv jv‡M| †Zvgvi †Kgb jv‡M?Õ †jvKwU ejj| ÔAvgvi AZ mgq †bB|Õ ejjvg Avwg| †m M¤¢xi n‡q gv_v SuvKv‡jv| ÔAvwg G-KvRB Kwi| GUv-IUv †`L‡Z Avgvi Lye fv‡jv jv‡M| ïay wcuc‡o †`L‡Z †`L‡ZB Avwg w`‡bi ci w`b KvwU‡q w`‡Z cvwi| Zzwg wK KL‡bv wcuc‡o‡`i jÿ K‡i †`‡LQ? wKsev gvKomv, †K‡bœvB Ñ G‡`i fv‡jv K‡i †`LQ?Õ Avwg gv_v bvovjvg| ÔAvcwb Avm‡j Kx K‡ib, ejyb †Zv?Õ †m D‡V `uvovj Ñ ÔAvwg KweÕ| ÔLye fv‡jv Kwe?Õ Avwg †Kv‡bviKg fwYZv bv K‡iB Rvb‡Z PvBjvg| Ôc„w_exi me‡P‡q eo Kwe|Õ †m AKc‡U ejj| ÔAvcbvi bvgUv wK GKevi ej‡eb?Õ Ôwe. IqvW©mIqv_©|Õ Ôwe gv‡b wK wej?Õ Ôeø¨­ vK| eø¨­ vK IqvW©mIqv_©| mv`v IqvW©mIqv_© wQ‡jb Avgvi fvB| Avgv‡`i AvZ¥v GKUvB| Avwg Lye ÿz‡` GKUv dzj‡KI mKv‡ji g‡ZvB ïå I gnr g‡b Kwi; Avi †mUv †`‡L Avgvi Kvbœv cvq|Õ Ô†Kb? G‡Z Kvbœv cvIqvi wK Av‡Q?Õ Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg| ÔeyS‡j bv evjK! Zzwg hLb eo n‡e ZLb eyS‡e| ZzwgI †h GKRb Kwe, Zzwg wK Rv‡bv †mUv? Ges GKRb Kwe hLb-ZLb †h-†Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y Kuv`‡Z cv‡i!Õ Avwg bv †n‡m cvijvg bv! ÔZzwg †Zvgvi gv‡K cQ›` K‡iv?Õ †m Rvb‡Z PvBj| ÔKwi, Z‡e Avgv‡K hLb gv‡i bv, ZLb|Õ †m ZLb Zvi †cQ‡bi c‡KU †_‡K GKUv Qvcv KvMR †ei K‡i ejj Ñ ÔGB KvM‡R gv‡K wb‡q †jLv c„w_exi †kÖô KweZvwU Av‡Q| Avwg GUv wewµ Kie| †Kv‡bv `i`vg Pj‡e bv, GK`vg Ñ Pvi UvKv|Õ Avwg †fZ‡i wM‡q gv‡K ejjvg Ñ Ôgv, Zzwg wK Pvi UvKv w`‡q GKwU KweZv wKb‡e?Õ gv †i‡M wM‡q f`ªZvi gv_v †L‡q ejj Ñ ÔIB dvjZz †jvKUv‡K wM‡q ej, I hw` GLbB Avgvi mxgvbv †_‡K †ewi‡q bv hvq, Avwg Zvi †jR †U‡b wQu‡o †dje; wK, Kv‡b hvq Avgvi K_v?Õ Ôgvi Kv‡Q GLb Pvi UvKv †bB|Õ Avwg evB‡i G‡m we.

IqvW©mIqv_©‡K ejjvg| ÔGLv‡bB †Zv Kwei HwZnvwmK civRq!Õ we. IqvW©mIqv_© ejj|

Zvici †m Zvi KvMRwU h_v¯’v‡b †i‡L w`‡jv| gvi K_vq wKQy g‡b K‡i‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡jv bv| Avwg ejjvg Ñ ÔGfv‡e KweZv wewµ K‡i †eov‡bv wK fv‡jv †`Lvq? Lye †ewk wK wewµ nq?Õ ÔGLb ch©šÍ GK KwcI nqwb|Õ ÔZvn‡j Avcwb Gfv‡e Ny‡iNy‡i KweZv †e‡P †eov‡”Qb †Kb?Õ ÔGi d‡j Avwg A‡bK wKQy †`Lvi my‡hvM cvB| Avi Avwg memgq Kwe‡`i mvÿvr †c‡Z PvB|Õ ÔAvcwb wK mwZ¨ mwZ¨B Avgv‡K Kwe g‡b K‡ib?Õ ÔZzwg Avgvi †P‡q †Kv‡bv As‡k Kg bI|Õ †m Dˇi ejj| we. IqvW©mIqv_© P‡j hvIqvi ci Avwg g‡b g‡b cÖv_©bv Kijvg †hb Zvi m‡½ †di Avgvi †`Lv nq| GK mßvn ci, Avwg hLb ¯‹zj †_‡K wdiwQjvg ZLb wg¸‡qj w÷ª‡Ui GK euv‡K Zvi m‡½ †`Lv n‡q †Mj| ÔAvwg A‡bKÿY †_‡K †Zvgvi Rb¨ GLv‡b A‡cÿv KiwQ|Õ ÔG Kqw`‡b GKUv KweZvI wK wewµ Ki‡Z cvi‡jb?Õ Avwg Rvb‡Z PvBjvg| †m gv_v bvovj| ejj Ñ ÔAvgvi D‡Vv‡b GB A‡ji †kÖô AvgMvQwU Av‡Q| GLb Mv‡Q Avg †c‡K UmUm Ki‡Q| Avwg †Zvgv‡K Avg LvIqvi `vIqvZ w`‡Z G‡mwQ|Õ †m Avjev‡Z©v w÷ª‡Ui GK †gv‡o GK Kvgivwewkó GKwU evmvq emevm KiZ| evwoi mvg‡bUv mey‡R fiv| †mLv‡b wekvj GK AvgMvQ Av‡Q, Avi Av‡Q bvwi‡Kj I ZvjMvQ| RvqMvwU R½j n‡q Av‡Q, †`‡L g‡b nq kn‡ii evB‡i †Kv_vI G‡mwQ| GLvb †_‡K iv¯Ívi Icv‡ii wekvj wekvj `vjvb‡KvVv †`Lv hvq bv| †m GKUzI evwo‡q e‡jwb, Avg¸‡jv mwZ¨B PgrKvi| Avwg cÖvq AvUUv mvevo K‡i †djjvg| Av‡gi njy` im Avgvi KbyB PzB‡q Rvgvq †j‡M †Mj| Avwg hLb evwo wdijvg, gv ej‡jb Ñ ÔGZÿY †Kv_vq wQwj, nZ”Qvov? †f‡ewQm Lye eo n‡q †MwQm, †hLv‡b Lywk †h‡Z cviwe, ZvB bv? hv, Avgvi Rb¨ GKUv Kw †K‡U Avb|Õ gv Avgvi KvUv Kw w`‡q Avgv‡KB †cUv‡jb Ñ Av”Qv wcUzwb †cUv‡jb! Avwg Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z †i‡M‡g‡M evwo †_‡K †ei n‡q Gjvg| cÖwZÁv Kijvg Ñ Avi wKQy‡ZB evwo wdie bv| we. IqvW©mIqv‡_©i evwo‡Z †Mjvg| Avgvi bvK iv‡M jvj n‡q wM‡qwQj| we. IqvW©mIqv_© ejj Ñ ÔKvbœv Gevi _vgvI| P‡jv †Kv_vI Ny‡i Avwm|Õ Avgvi Kvbœv †_‡g †Mj| ZL‡bv †ek †Rv‡i †Rv‡i wbk¦vm wbw”Qjvg| Avgiv nuvU‡Z †ei njvg| GmwU A¨vwfwbD‡qi †fZi w`‡q mvfvbœvn n‡q †im‡Kv‡m© P‡j †Mjvg| we. IqvW©mIqv_© ejj Ñ ÔG‡mv, `yR‡b Nv‡mi Ici wPr n‡q ï‡q AvKvk †`wL| Avwg PvB Zzwg GLb wPšÍv K‡i †`L‡e IB Zviv¸‡jv Avgv‡`i †_‡K KZ `~‡i Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q|Õ Zvi K_vg‡Zv Avwg wPšÍv Kiv ïiæ Kijvg| Zvi D‡Ïk¨Uv GKUz ciB cwi®‹vi n‡jv| wb‡R‡K Lye nvjKv g‡b nw”Qj| GKB m‡½ Lye gnvb Avi wekvj g‡b nw”Qj, wVK IB AvKvkUvi g‡Zv; Rxe‡b Avi KL‡bv †Kv‡bvw`b GB Abyf‚wZ nqwb| Avwg Avgvi mg¯Í †µva, AkÖæ I AvNvZ‡K fz‡j †Mjvg| hLb Avwg ejjvg †h, Avgvi Lye fv‡jv jvM‡Q, †m ZLb GK-GK K‡i Zviv‡`i

35

we. IqvW©mIqv_© cÖwZwU KvR Ggb g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q KiZ, g‡b n‡Zv †hb Rxe‡b cÖ_g †mB KvRwU Ki‡Q| Avi g‡b n‡Zv, †hb Ck¦‡ii D‡Ï‡k mewKQy Ki‡Q| †m Avgv‡K ejZ Ñ ÔGLb AvBmwµg †L‡j †Kgb nq?Õ Ges Avwg hLb ejZvg Ñ Ôg›` nq bvÕ| †m Lye M¤¢xi n‡q ejZ Ñ ÔGLb Avgiv †Kvb †`vKv‡bi †mev MÖnY Kie?Õ †hb GUv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GKUv welq| bvg ej‡Z jvMj| ZLbB GKUv U‡P©i Av‡jv G‡m Avgv‡`i gy‡Li Ici coj| †`Ljvg Ñ cywj‡ki †jvK, Nvm †_‡K D‡V `uvovjvg| Ô†Zvgiv GLv‡b Kx KiQ?Õ cywjkwU wR‡Ám Kij| we. IqvW©mIqv_© Dˇi ejj Ñ Ôwb‡R‡K Avwg Pwjøk eQi a‡i GB GKB cÖkœ wR‡Ám K‡i wdiwQ|Õ Avgiv Lye `ªæZ eÜz n‡q †Mjvg| †m Avgv‡K ejj Ñ ÔZzwg KvD‡K KL‡bv Avgvi m¤ú‡K© ej‡e bv| Avgvi IB MvQ¸‡jv m¤ú‡K©I bq| mg¯Í welqUv †Mvcb ivL‡e| KvD‡K ej‡jB Avwg wKš‘ a‡i †dje, KviY Avwg Kwe|Õ Avwg Zv‡K K_v w`‡qwQjvg, Ges AvR Aewa Avwg Avgvi K_v †i‡LwQjvg| Zvi †QvÆ evwowU Avgvi fv‡jv jvMZ| GZ my›`i, †MvQv‡bv I cwi®‹vi! Z‡e †ek wbtm½ †`LvZ| GKw`b Avwg wR‡Ám Kijvg Ñ ÔAvcwb DVv‡bi AveR©bv¸‡jv †K‡U †d‡jb bv †Kb? RvqMvUv Av‡iv mu¨vZ‡mu‡Z n‡q †M‡Q|Õ Ô†kv‡bv, †Zvgv‡K Zvn‡j NUbvUv e‡jB †dwj Ñ GK`v GKUv †g‡q Avi GKUv †Q‡ji mvÿvr NUj Ges Zviv ci¯ú‡ii †cÖ‡g c‡o †Mj| d‡j Zviv we‡q K‡i †djj| †Q‡jwU kã eyb‡Z fv‡jvevmZ, Avi †g‡qwU fv‡jvevmZ Nvm, dzj Avi MvQcvjv| Zviv GKwU K‡ÿ †ek my‡LB w`bhvcb KiwQj| Zvici GKw`b †g‡qKwewU †Q‡jKwe‡K ejj Ñ Avgiv cwiev‡i Avi GKRb Kwe‡K †c‡Z P‡jwQ| wKš‘ †mB Kwei Avi Rb¥ nqwb; KviY †g‡qwU gviv †Mj| Ges wkïKwewU gv‡qi m‡½, gv‡qi †fZ‡i mgvwa¯’ n‡jv| †Q‡jwU Lye Kó †cj| †m cÖwZÁv Kij †h evMv‡bi GKwU wRwbmI †m Avi †Kv‡bvw`b ¯úk© Ki‡e bv| Kv‡RB evMvbwU i‡q †Mj, †e‡o DVj, Zvici GKmgq R½‡j cwiYZ n‡jv|Õ we. IqvW©mIqv_© MíwU GLv‡bB †kl Kij| Avwg gy» n‡q Zvi w`‡K ZvKvjvg| Zv‡K Av‡iv eq¯‹ †`Lvw”Qj| Avwg Zvi MíwU eyS‡Z cvijvg| Avgiv †mw`b `xN© c_ †nu‡UwQjvg| †evUvwbK¨vj Mv‡W©‡b †Mjvg, Zvici †Mjvg iK Mv‡W©‡b| m‡Üi AvM w`‡q P¨v‡Ýji wn‡j DVjvg, †`Ljvg Ñ mg¯Í RvqMvUv‡K AÜKvi †Kgb K‡i wM‡j †djj| Zvici Avevi kn‡ii evwZ¸‡jv kniUv‡K AÜKv‡ii nvZ †_‡K D×vi Kij| †m cÖwZwU KvR Ggb g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q KiZ, g‡b n‡Zv †hb Rxe‡b cÖ_g †mB KvRwU Ki‡Q| Avi g‡b n‡Zv, †hb Ck¦‡ii D‡Ï‡k mewKQy Ki‡Q| †m Avgv‡K ejZ Ñ ÔGLb AvBmwµg †L‡j †Kgb nq?Õ Ges Avwg hLb ejZvg Ñ Ôg›` nq bvÕ| †m Lye M¤¢xi n‡q ejZ Ñ ÔGLb Avgiv †Kvb †`vKv‡bi †mev

36

MÖnY Kie?Õ †hb GUv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GKUv welq| †m GUv wb‡q wKQyÿY wPšÍv K‡i ejZ Ñ ÔAvgvi g‡b nq, IB †`vKv‡bi m‡½ G-e¨vcv‡i Av‡jvPbvq emv †h‡Z cv‡i!Õ ZLb c„w_ex‡K Avgvi Lye Dc‡fvM¨ e‡j g‡b n‡Zv| GKw`b, hLb Avwg Zvi DVv‡b `uvwo‡q wQjvg, Avgv‡K ejj Ñ ÔAvgvi Lye †Mvcb GKUv welq AvR †Zvgv‡K eje|Õ ÔLyDe †Mvcb wKQy?Õ Ñ Avwg Rvb‡Z PvBjvg| ÔG gyn~‡Z© Zv †Zv e‡UB|Õ Avwg Zvi w`‡K ZvKvjvg| †mI Avgvi w`‡K ZvKvj| Avwg †fZ‡i †fZ‡i †ek wknwiZ njvg| †m ejj Ñ Ôg‡b †i‡Lv, GUv ïay †Zvgvi Avi Avgvi wfZ‡i| GKwU KweZv wjLwQ|Õ In, †mB K_v! †ek nZvk njvg ï‡b| Avwg Av‡iv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQy †kvbvi A‡cÿvq wQjvg| ÔwKš‘ GUv wfbœ auv‡Pi GKwU KweZv|Õ †m ejj| ÔGUv c„w_exi me †_‡K gnr GKwU KweZv|Õ Avwg wkm w`jvg| †m Av‡iv e‡j Ñ ÔGUv wb‡q Avwg cuvP eQ‡iiI †ewk mgq a‡i KvR KiwQ| AvR †_‡K evBk eQi c‡i KweZvwU †kl Kie| ZvI †mUv m¤¢e n‡e Avwg †h MwZ‡Z GLb wjLwQ †mUv a‡i ivL‡Z cvi‡j|Õ ÔZzwg Zvn‡j cÖPzi †jL?Õ Avwg ejjvg| ÔGLb Avi bv| GLb Avwg cÖwZgv‡m GKUv K‡i jvBb wjwL| Z‡e wbwðZ Kwi †hb IUvB †kÖô jvBb nq|Õ ÔMZ gv‡mi †kÖô jvBbUv Kx?Õ Avwg Rvb‡Z PvBjvg| †m AvKv‡ki w`‡K ZvKvj, Zvici ejj Ñ ÔAZxZ eo weayi, welYœgq|Õ Ô†ek fv‡jv jvBb|Õ Avwg ejjvg| ÔAvwg Avgvi GKwU gv‡mi mg¯Í AwfÁZv‡K R¡vwj‡q KweZvi GKwU jvB‡b Nbxf‚Z Ki‡Z PvB| ZvB evBk eQi c‡i Avwg †h-KweZvwU wjLe †mUv wek¦gvbeZvi msMxZ n‡q DV‡e|Õ Avwg Lye wew¯§Z njvg| Avgv‡`i nuvUv Pj‡ZB _vKj| GKw`b WKmvB‡U wm-Iqv‡ji cvk w`‡q †nu‡U hvIqvi mgq Avwg ejjvg Ñ ÔIqvW©mIqv_©, hw` Avwg GB wcbwU cvwb‡Z †d‡j w`B, †Zvgvi wK aviYv GwU †f‡m _vK‡e?Õ Ôc„w_exUv eo AvRe| IUv †d‡j `vI, †`wL Kx N‡U!Õ †m ejj| wcbwU Wz‡e †Mj| Avwg ejjvg Ñ ÔG-gv‡mi jvBbwU KZ`~i?Õ †m Avi †Kv‡bv jvBb †kvbvqwb| ïay ejZ Ñ ÔGB †Zv P‡j

G‡m‡Q ... n‡q hv‡e ...|Õ Avgiv ZLb wm-Iqv‡ji Ic‡i e‡m hvÎxevnx RvnvR¸‡jv‡K e›`‡i wfo‡Z †`LZvg| c„w_exi †mB †kÖô KweZvwU Avgvi Avi †kvbv nqwb| Avgvi g‡b n‡Zv, †m GKUz Rjw`B ey‡ov n‡q hv‡”Q| ÔZzwg Kxfv‡e †eu‡P AvQ?Õ Ñ GKw`b Rvb‡Z PvBjvg| Ôgv‡b, Zzwg ej‡Z PvBQ Avwg Kxfv‡e Avq-†ivRMvi Kwi?Õ Avgv‡K †ZvZjv‡Z †`‡L †m g„`y †n‡m ejj Ñ ÔAvwg K¨vwjc‡mvi mg‡q K¨vwjc‡mv †M‡q †eovB|Õ ÔZv‡ZB †Zvgvi n‡q hvq?Õ ÔLye fv‡jvg‡ZvB|Õ ÔwKš‘ Zzwg hLb c„w_exi weL¨vZ KweZvwU †jLv †kl Ki‡e ZLb †Zv Zzwg †ek abx n‡q hv‡e?Õ †m †Kv‡bv DËi Kij bv| GKw`b Zv‡K Avwg Zvi †mB †QvÆ NiwU‡Z †`L‡Z †Mjvg| †m ï‡q wQj| Lye eq¯‹ Avi K¬všÍ †`Lvw”Qj| Zvi GB Ae¯’v †`‡L Avgvi Kuv`‡Z B‡”Q KiwQj| ÔKweZvwU Avm‡Z Avm‡Z †Kv_vq †hb _g‡K †M‡Q|Õ †m ejj| †m ZLb Rvbvjv w`‡q evB‡ii bvwi‡Kj MvQwUi w`‡K ZvwK‡q wQj| Ggbfv‡e K_v ejwQj †hb Avgvi Dcw¯’wZ †Ui cvqwb| ÔhLb Avgvi eqm we‡ki KvQvKvwQ wQj, wb‡Ri wfZ‡i GKUv kw³ Abyfe KiZvg|Õ Zvici Avgvi †Pv‡Li mvg‡bB Zv‡K Av‡iv eywo‡q I ÿ‡q †h‡Z †`Ljvg| ÔwKš‘, †mUv wQj A‡bK A‡bK w`b Av‡M|Õ Zvi K_v ï‡b, mewKQy GZUvB Zxeªfv‡e Avgvi †PZbvq G‡m aiv w`‡jv †h, g‡b n‡jv gv Avgvi Mv‡j K‡l GKUv _vào gvij| g„Zz¨ Zvi msKzwPZ n‡q Avmv g„ZcÖvq gyLgЇj RxešÍ n‡q DVj Ñ GUv †hb mevi Rb¨B Dcw¯’Z n‡qwQj| †m Avgvi w`‡K ZvKvj, Avgvi †Pv‡L cvwb †`‡L D‡V emj|

ÔGw`‡K G‡mv|Õ ejj †m| Avwg Zvi cv‡qi Kv‡Q nuvUz †M‡o emjvg| †m Avgvi †Pv‡Li w`‡K ZvKvj, ejj Ñ ÔZzwgI Zvn‡j GUv‡K †`L‡Z cv”Q? Avwg RvbZvg, †Zvgvi †PvL`y‡Uv Kwei †PvL|Õ Zv‡K GKUzI wPwšÍZ †`Lvw”Qj bv| Zvi †evKvi g‡Zv kvšÍ †Pnviv †`‡L Avwg wPrKvi K‡i †Ku‡` DVjvg| †m Zvi ïK‡bv ey‡K Avgv‡K †U‡b wbj| ÔZzwg wK PvI Avwg †Zvgv‡K GLb GKUv gRvi Mí ewj?Õ Zvici Avgvi †fZ‡i Drmvn †RvMv‡Z †n‡m DVj| wKš‘ Avwg †Kv‡bv DËi w`jvg bv| †m ejj Ñ ÔhLb Avwg MíwU ejv †kl Kie, Avwg PvB Zzwg Avgv‡K †Q‡o P‡j hv‡e Ges Avi †Kv‡bvw`b wd‡i Avm‡e bv| Zzwg GLb Avgv‡K cÖwZkÖæwZ †`‡e|Õ Avgvi Kɯ^i †hb iæ× n‡q AvmwQj! †m ejj Ñ Ô†ek, Z‡e †kv‡bv| Avwg †Zvgv‡K IB †Q‡j Kwe I †g‡q Kwe‡K wb‡q †h-MíUv e‡jwQjvg, †Zvgvi g‡b c‡o? IUv mZ¨ wQj bv| MíUv Avwg †Zvgv‡K evwb‡q e‡jwQjvg| †Zvgv‡K KweZv Ges Avgvi weL¨vZ KweZvwU wb‡q †h-mg¯Í K_v e‡jwQ ZvI mZ¨ bq| GUv †Zvgvi Rxe‡b †kvbv me †_‡K gRvi welq n‡jv bv?Õ wKš‘ Zvi Kɯ^i Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í ÿ‡q †h‡Z jvMj| Avwg Ni †_‡K †ewi‡q Gjvg| GKRb Kwei g‡Zv hv wKQy †`Ljvg ZvB †`‡L Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z evwo Qy‡U Gjvg| GK eQi c‡i Gjev‡Z©v w÷ªU a‡i GKv †nu‡U hvw”Qjvg| IB Kwei evwoi †Kv‡bv wPý Luy‡R †cjvg bv| GUv wVK A`„k¨ n‡qI hvqwb, g‡b n‡”Q †K ev Kviv †hb ¸uwo‡q †d‡j‡Q| †ek eo †`vZjv GKwU feb RvqMvwU `Lj K‡i wb‡q‡Q| †mB wekvj AvgMvQwUmn, bvwi‡Kj I ZvjMvQwUI †K‡U †djv n‡q‡Q| GLb †mLv‡b ïay BU, cv_i Avi †jvnv †`Lv hv‡”Q Ñ †hb we.

IqvW©mIqv_© †Kv‡bvw`bB wQj bv GLv‡b| r

37

†µvocÎ

AjsKiY : ZiæY †Nvl

†h-wRwb‡mi bvg †bB g~j : wf Gm bvBcj Abyev` : Gg G †gv‡gb

12

AvM÷ cÖqvZ n‡jb fviZxq es‡kv™¢‚Z I‡q÷ BwÛ‡Ri wÎwb`v‡` Rb¥ †bIqv weªwUk bvMwiK †bv‡ej mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi weRqx m¨vi wew`qvai m~iRcÖmv` bvBcj (we`¨vai m~h©cÖmv` bvBcj)| wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ-msKU wb‡q wj‡L‡Qb : ÔBsj¨v‡Û Avwg Bs‡iR bB, fvi‡Z Avwg fviZxq bB, 1000 eM©gvB‡ji GKwU RvqMvq Avwg †kK‡j euvav, Zvi bvg wÎwb`v`|Õ wZwb e‡j‡Qb : ÔAvgvi †cÖÿvcU GKB m‡½ AZ¨šÍ mij I AZ¨šÍ weåvwšÍc~Y©| Avgvi Rb¥ wÎwb`v‡`| †fwbRy‡qjvi wekvj Awi‡jv‡bv b`xi †gvnbvq GB

38

ØxcwUi Ae¯’vb| Kv‡RB wÎwb`v` bv cy‡ivcywi `wÿY Av‡gwiKvb, bv K¨vwiweqvb| RvqMvUv be¨ we‡k¦i Avevw` Dcwb‡ek, †mLv‡b 1932 mv‡j Avgvi hLb Rb¥, wÎwb`v‡`i Pvi jÿ gvby‡li †`o jvLB fviZxq wn›`y I gymjgvb Ges cÖvq mK‡jB Mv‡½q AeevwnKv †_‡K D‡V Avmv K…lK †kÖwYi gvbyl|Õ Zuvi evev Qv-†cvlv mvsevw`K, wb‡RI wjL‡Zb, msmvi wQj `vwi`ª¨cxwoZ| Jcwb‡ewkK mgvR GKw`‡K, Ab¨w`‡K cÖ_vMZ Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ wn›`ymgvR Ñ GLvb †_‡K bvBcj cvjv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb Ges ixwZg‡Zv e„wËavix n‡q A·‡dvW© wek¦we`¨vj‡q co‡Z Av‡mb|

`k eQi eqm †_‡K Rvb‡Zb, wZwb †jLK n‡eb| evwK Rxe‡bi cÖqvm †jLv‡jwL‡ZB| Z‡e wZwb eiveiB `ywe©bxZ, weZK© m„wóKvix| 2001 mv‡j bvBcj †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cvb| 2016-†Z XvKv wjU †d‡÷ wf Gm bvBcj G‡mwQ‡jb| wZwbB wQ‡jb Drm‡ei cÖavb AvKl©Y| `xN© mg‡qi cÖ‡kœvËi c‡e© wZwb gy» K‡i‡Qb evsjv‡`‡ki mvwnZ¨‡cÖwgK‡`i| cÖqvZ bvBcj‡K kÖ×v Rvbv‡Z ÔThing without A NameÕ fvlvšÍwiZ n‡jv| GwU wg‡Mj w÷ªU †_‡K †bIqv GKwU Gwc‡mvW|

†h-wRwb‡mi bvg †bB

wgM‡j w÷ª‡Ui †cv‡cv, †h wb‡R‡K ejZ KvVwgw¯¿, †m Zvi Rxe‡b GKwUgvÎ wRwbm ˆZwi K‡iwQj Zv n‡”Q †cQ‡bi D‡Vv‡b AvgMv‡Qi wb‡P KjvB Kiv wU‡bi GKwU †QvU IqvK©kc| Avevi †mUvI †h cy‡ivcywi †kl K‡i‡Q Zv bq| Qv‡`i wU‡b †h †c‡iK gvi‡e AZUzKz Kivi dzimZ Zvi †bB, Kv‡RB Pv‡ji Ici eo IR‡bi cv_i ewm‡q †i‡L‡Q| hLb Qv‡` S‡ov evZvm jvMZ, fq-aiv‡bv kã n‡Zv Avi g‡b n‡Zv PvjUv GLbB D‡o hv‡e| ZviciI †cv‡cv‡K KL‡bv Avj‡m ejv hv‡e bv| memgqB †m e¨¯Í, nvZzwo gvi‡Q, KivZ Pvjv‡”Q wKsev GKUv bv GKUv cwiKíbv Ki‡Q| †cv‡cv KvR Ki‡Q Ñ †`L‡Z Avgvi fv‡jv jvMZ| Kv‡Vi MÜ Avgvi fv‡jv jvMZ Ñ mvB‡cÖm, †mWvi, µ¨vcW KvV| iuv`v Kiv Kv‡Vi is Avgvi fv‡jv jvMZ| Kv‡Vi ¸u‡ov †hfv‡e †cv‡cvi cu¨vPv‡bv Pzj wN‡i _vKZ, Avgvi Zv †`L‡Z fv‡jv jvMZ| Avwg wR‡Ám Kwi, Ôwg÷vi †cv‡cv, Kx evbv”Q?Õ †cv‡cv ejj, ÔAv‡i †eUv, †mUvB †Zv cÖkœ| Avwg bvgQvov GKUv wRwbm evbvw”Q|Õ Avwg †cv‡cv‡K †mR‡b¨B cQ›` KiZvg| Avwg eySZvg †m Kwe-UvB‡ci gvbyl| Avwg GKw`b †cv‡cv‡K ejjvg, ÔAvgv‡K wKQy GKUv evbv‡Z `vI †Zv?Õ †cv‡cv ejj, ÔZzwg Kx evbv‡Z PvI?Õ ÔAvwg Kx PvB Zv †f‡e †ei Kiv Avgvi c‡ÿ KwVb KvR|Õ †cv‡cv ejj, Ô†`L‡j †Zv, ZzwgI bvgQvov GKUv wRwb‡mi K_v fveQ|Õ †kl ch©šÍ Avwg wWg ivLvi Rb¨ GKUv GM-÷¨vÛ evbv‡bvi wm×všÍ wbjvg| †cv‡cv wR‡Ám Kij, ÔKvi Rb¨ evbv‡e?Õ Ôgv|Õ †cv‡cv †n‡m I‡V, Ô†m wK GUv e¨envi Ki‡e?Õ GM-÷¨vÛ †c‡q Avgvi gv Lywk nq Ges GK mßvn GUv e¨envi K‡i| Zvici GUvi K_v †egvjyg fz‡j hvq Ges Av‡Mi g‡ZvB †cø‡Ui Ici, †cqvjvi Ici wWg ivL‡Z ïiæ K‡i| e¨vcviUv hLb ejjvg †cv‡cv †n‡m DVj| ejj, Ô†eUv †mR‡b¨B e‡jwQ GKgvÎ †m-wRwbmB evbv‡Z n‡e, hvi bvg †bB|Õ Avwg †evMv‡U©i Rb¨ is-Zzwj‡Z `wR©i †`vKv‡bi mvBb‡evW© wj‡L †`Iqvi ci †cv‡cv Avgv‡K w`‡qI wb‡Ri Rb¨ GKUv wjwL‡q wbj| Kv‡bi Ici jvj †cbwm‡ji †h-¸uwoUv ¸u‡R †i‡LwQj †mwU nv‡Z wb‡q mvBb‡ev‡W© †Kvb kã e¨envi Ki‡e Zv wb‡q a‡Ü c‡o †Mj| cÖ_‡g †m wb‡R‡K AvwK©‡U± wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj, wKš‘ Avwg Zv‡K wbiærmvwnZ Ki‡Z

mg_© n‡qwQ| Aek¨ AvwK©‡U‡±i mwVK evbvbUv Kx n‡e ZvI †m wbwðZ wQj bv| †kl ch©šÍ mvBb‡evW©Uv Ggb `uvovj : weìvi A¨vÛ K›Uªv±i Kv‡c©›Uvi A¨vÛ K¨vwe‡bU †gKvi †cv‡cv n‡”Q wbg©vZv I wVKv`vi, KvVwgw¯¿ I Avjgvwii KvwiMi| wb‡P Wvb †Kv‡Y wkíx wn‡m‡e Avgvi bvg wjLjvg| †cv‡cv GB mvBb‡ev‡W©i mvg‡b `uvwo‡q _vK‡Z cQ›` KiZ| wKš‘ hviv Zv‡K wPbZ bv Zviv hLb †LuvRLei wb‡Z ïiæ Kij †cv‡cv wKQyUv AvZw¼Z n‡q coj| †cv‡cv Reve w`Z, Ô†mB ivRwgw¯¿? †m GLb GLv‡b _v‡K bv|Õ Avwg †cv‡cv‡K †evMv‡U©i †P‡q A‡bK †ewk fv‡jv gvbyl g‡b K‡iwQ| †evMvU© Avgvi m‡½ mvgvb¨B K_v ejZ, wKš‘ †cv‡cv K_v ejvi Rb¨ memgqB ˆZwi| †cv‡cv wmwiqvm welq wb‡q K_v ejZ Ñ †hgb Rxeb, g„Zz¨ Ges KvR; Zvi m‡½ K_v ej‡Z Avgvi fv‡jv jvMZ| ZviciI †cv‡cv Avgv‡`i iv¯Ívq †Kv‡bv RbwcÖq gvbyl bq| Ab¨iv Zv‡K cvMj ev g~L© g‡b KiZ bv| n¨vU Avgv‡`i ejZ, ÔeyS‡j, †cv‡cv Lye AvZ¥¤¢ix gvbyl|Õ †cv‡cv‡K G-K_v ejv A‡hŠw³K| cÖwZw`b mKv‡j iv¯Ívq `uvwo‡q GK Møvm ivg cvb Kivi Af¨vm Zvi wQj| †m KL‡bv PzgyK w`‡q ivg †LZ bv| hLb †m KvD‡K †`LZ, nv‡Zi gvSLv‡bi AvOyjUv iv‡gi Møv‡m Pzwe‡q w`Z, Zvici AvOyj PzlZ Ges gvbylUvi w`‡K nvZ bvoZ| n¨vU ejZ : ÔAvgivI ivg wKb‡Z Rvwb, wKš‘ †cv‡cvi g‡Zv †jvK-†`Lv‡bv KvR Kwi bv|Õ †cv‡cvi e¨vcviUv‡K Avwg wb‡R KL‡bv Gfv‡e †`wLwb, GKw`b Avwg †cv‡cv‡K wR‡Ám Kijvg| †cv‡cv ejj, Ô†eUv mKvj‡ejvq hLb m~h© DV‡Q, ZL‡bv †ek VvÛv, †Kej weQvbv †_‡K D‡VQ, ZLb hw` g‡b nq †iv‡` `uvwo‡q ivg Lve, †ek fv‡jv jvM‡e Ñ e¨vcviUv Zv-B|Õ †cv‡cv KL‡bv UvKv evbv‡Z cv‡iwb| Zvi ¯¿x evB‡i †hZ Ges KvR KiZ Avi GUv mnR wQj KviY Zv‡`i †Kv‡bv ev”Pv nqwb| †cv‡cv ejZ : Ô†g‡qiv KvR Kivi Rb¨, cyyiæl gvbyl‡K KvR Kivi Rb¨ ˆZwi Kiv nqwb|Õ n¨vU ejZ : Ô†cv‡cv n‡”Q bvix-cyiæ‡li wg‡kj, h_v_© cyiæl bq|Õ Avgvi ¯‹z‡ji Kv‡Q GKUv eo evwo‡Z †cv‡cvi ¯¿x eveywP©i KvR K‡i| †m we‡K‡j Avgvi Rb¨ A‡cÿv KiZ, ivbœvN‡i wb‡q †hZ Ges Avgv‡K A‡bK gRvi wRwbm †L‡Z w`Z| wKš‘ Avgv‡K †L‡Z w`‡q †m †hfv‡e e‡m Avgvi w`‡K ZvwK‡q _vKZ Ñ GUv Avwg cQ›` KiZvg bv| Avgv‡K e‡j, Avwg †hb Zv‡K A¨vw›U WvwK| †cv‡cvi ¯¿x eo evwoUvi gvwji m‡½ Avgv‡K cwiPq Kwi‡q †`q| †jvKwU my`k©b, ev`vwg gvbyl; dzj cQ›` KiZ| †m †h-evMvbwUi gvwj, †m-evMvbwU AvgviI cQ‡›`i| †h-gvwU‡Z dz‡ji MvQ nq †mB gvwUi is Kv‡jv Ges gvwUUv mu¨vZ‡mu‡Z, meyR Nvm, †fRv †fRv, wbqwgZ KvUv nq| KL‡bv KL‡bv Avgv‡K Mv‡Q cvwb †`Iqvi my‡hvM †`q| KvUv Nvm¸‡jv Rwg‡q †QvU e¨v‡M f‡i Avgv‡K †`q, Avwg gv‡qi Rb¨ wb‡q Avwm| Nvm gyiwMi Rb¨ fv‡jv| GKw`b Avwg †cv‡cvi ¯¿x‡K wgm Kijvg| †m Avgvi Rb¨

39

A‡cÿv KiwQj bv| ciw`b mKv‡j Avwg †cv‡cv‡K iv¯Ívq †`Ljvg bv Ñ †mB `„k¨UvI bv †h, iv‡gi Møv‡m †m AvOzj Wzwe‡q‡Q| †mw`b mܨvq Avwg †cv‡cvi ¯¿x‡KI †`Ljvg bv| †cv‡cv‡K †cjvg Z‡e IqvK©k‡c, gb Lvivc K‡i Av‡Q| †m GKUv Kv‡Vi Z³vi Ici e‡m Av‡Q Ges iuv`vq D‡V Avmv Kv‡Vi cvZjv wPj‡Z AvOz‡j †cuPv‡”Q| †cv‡cv ejj, Ô†Zvgvi A¨vw›U P‡j †M‡Q|Õ Ôwg÷vi †cv‡cv, †Kv_vq †M‡Q?Õ Avwg wR‡Ám Kwi| wb‡R‡K †mLvb †_‡K †U‡b Zz‡j ejj, Ô†eUv †mUvB †Zv cÖkœ|Õ †cv‡cv †`Lj nVvr RbwcÖq n‡q DV‡Q| LeiUv ZvovZvwo Pviw`‡K Qwo‡q coj| GKw`b hLb G‡Wvm ejj, ÔAvwg AevK nw”Q Ñ †cv‡cvi Kx n‡jv? g‡b n‡”Q Zvi ivg dzwi‡q †M‡Q|Õ Agwb n¨vU jvwd‡q c‡o Zvi nvZ cÖvq †P‡c a‡i| Zvici †Q‡j‡`i mevB †cv‡cvi IqvK©k‡c wM‡q Rgv‡qZ nq Ges †mLv‡b wM‡q †g‡qgvbyl Qvov Ab¨me welq wµ‡KU, dzUej, wm‡bgv wb‡q Avjvc Ry‡o †`q, Zv‡`i †Póv †cv‡cv‡K nvwmLywk K‡i Zzj‡e| †cv‡cvi IqvK©k‡c Avi nvZzwo †cUv‡bv I KivZ KvUvi kã †kvbv hvq bv| Kv‡Vi fzwmi ZvRv MÜ Avi Av‡m bv, G¸‡jv Kvj‡P n‡q †M‡Q, gqjv, ay‡jvevwji g‡Zv| †cv‡cv A‡bK †ewk g` cvb Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q, hLb †m gvZvj Ae¯’vq _v‡K Avwg Zv‡K cQ›` Kwi bv| Zvi kixi †_‡K iv‡gi MÜ †ei nq, †m Kuv`‡Z _v‡K, †i‡M hvq, Ges mevB‡K gvi‡Z hvq| G‡Z mevB Zv‡K wgM‡j w÷ªU M¨v‡Oi GKRb e‡j †g‡b †bq| n¨vU ejj, Ô†cv‡cvi e¨vcv‡i Avgiv wPšÍv K‡iwQ, †m Avgv‡`i †h-Kv‡iv g‡ZvB GKRb gvbyl|Õ bZzb mvwbœa¨ †cv‡cv cQ›` Kij| g‡bi w`K w`‡q mevi m‡½ †m eKeK Kivi g‡Zv gvbyl| iv¯Ívi gvby‡li m‡½ memgqB †m eÜzZ¡ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Q, wKš‘ Zv‡K cQ›` Kiv n‡”Q bv †`‡L †m AevK n‡q‡Q| e¨vcviUv Ggb †hb Zvi hv cÖvc¨ Zv-B †c‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †cv‡cv G‡Z myLx wQj bv| Zvi eÜzZ¡ eÇ †`wi‡Z G‡m‡Q, ZvQvov GB eÜzZ¡ hZUv fv‡jv jvM‡e e‡j †f‡ewQj, ZZUv fv‡jv jvM‡Q bv| n¨vU †cv‡cv‡K Ab¨ bvix‡Z AvMÖnx K‡i Zzj‡Z †Póv Ki‡Q, wKš‘ †cv‡cv AvMÖnx n‡”Q bv| †cv‡cv Avgv‡K Lye †QvU †Q‡j g‡b K‡i Avgvi Kv‡Q wKQy ejv wVK n‡e bv e‡j g‡b K‡iwb| GKw`b ejj, Ô†eUv Zzwg hLb Avgvi g‡Zv eo n‡e ZLb eyS‡Z cvi‡e †h-wRwbm Zzwg †c‡Z †P‡qQ wKš‘ cvIwb, wKš‘ mvg_©¨ nIqvi ci hLb †c‡j ZLb Avi †miKg fv‡jv jvM‡Q bv|Õ auvavi g‡Zv Gfv‡eB †m K_v ejZ| Zvici †cv‡cv GKw`b Avgv‡`i †Q‡o †Mj| n¨vU ejj, Ô†m †Kv_vq †M‡Q †mUv Avgv‡K Zvi ejvi `iKvi †bB| Avwg Rvwb †m Zvi eD‡qi †Luv‡R †M‡Q|Õ GWIqvW© ejj, ÔZzwg wK g‡b K‡iv †mB gwnjv †cv‡cvi m‡½ wd‡i Avm‡e?Õ n¨vU ejj, ÔP‡jv A‡cÿv Kwi Ges †`wL|Õ Avgv‡`i `xN©mgq A‡cÿv Ki‡Z nqwb| Le‡ii KvM‡RB Qvcv n‡q‡Q| n¨vU ejj, hv †h-Avk¼v K‡iwQj ZvB n‡q‡Q| †cv‡cv Avwigv‡Z GKwU †jvK‡K wcwU‡q‡Q, †m-†jvKwUB Zvi

40

¯¿x‡K fvwM‡q‡Q| GB †jvKwU n‡”Q †mB gvwj, †h Avgv‡K e¨vMfwZ© Nvm w`Z| †cv‡cvi eo †Kv‡bv mvRv nqwb| Zv‡K Rwigvbv w`‡Z n‡q‡Q, Zvici †Q‡o w`‡q‡Q| g¨vwR‡÷ªU e‡j‡Qb, †cv‡cv †hb Zvi ¯¿x‡K Avi Drcxob bv K‡i| †cv‡cv‡K wb‡q K¨vwjc‡mv Mvb euvav n‡jv| †m-eQi G-Mvb Qwo‡q coj, Kvwb©fv‡ji †ivW-gv‡P© A¨vÛªyR wm÷vm© Mv‡bi `j Av‡gwiKvb †iKwW©s †Kv¤úvwbi Rb¨ MvbUv †iKW© Kij : GK KvVwgw¯¿ †eUv †Mj Avwigv‡Z B‡gj`v bv‡gi GK wcÖqZgvi †Luv‡R| †ivW-gv‡P©i Rb¨ GUv GKUv wekvj e¨vcvi| Avi ¯‹z‡j wM‡q Avwg ejZvg, ÔKvVwgw¯¿ †eUv Avgvi Lye, Lye fv‡jv eÜz wQj|Õ wµ‡KU g¨v‡P, †Nvovi †i‡m n¨vU e‡j †eovZ, ÔZv‡K wPwb wKbv? In& MW, Avwg Zvi m‡½ w`bivZ g` wMjZvg| †m Uvb‡Z cviZ e‡U|Õ Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q Avevi hLb wd‡i Av‡m, †cv‡cv Avi Av‡Mi gvbyl †bB| Avwg hLb Zvi m‡½ K_v ej‡Z PvBjvg †m MR©b K‡i DVj, iv‡gi †evZj wb‡q n¨vU I Ab¨iv hLb IqvK©k‡c G‡jv †m Zv‡`i Zvwo‡q w`‡jv| n¨vU ejj, Ô†g‡qgvbyl †jvKUv‡K cvMj evwb‡q †d‡j‡Q, ï‡bQ|Õ wKš‘ †cv‡cvi IqvK©kc †_‡K cyi‡bv k㸇jv Avevi Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q| †m †Rvi cwikÖg Ki‡Q, Avgiv AevK nB Ñ †m wK GL‡bv bvgQvov †mB wRwbm evwb‡q P‡j‡Q? wR‡Ám Ki‡ZI Avwg fq cvw”Q| IqvK©k‡c B‡jKwUªK jvBU jvwM‡q †m iv‡Zi †ejv KvR Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q| Zvi evwoi mvg‡b f¨vb _vg‡Q, wKQy wRwbm w`‡q hv‡”Q, wKQy wb‡q hv‡”Q| †cv‡cv Zvi evwoUv is Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q, N‡i jvMvq D¾¡j meyR Ges Pv‡j jvMvq D¾¡j jvj| n¨vU ejj, ÔgvbylUv mwZ¨B cvMj n‡q †M‡Q|Õ n¨vU Av‡iv †hvM Kij, Ôg‡b n‡”Q Avevi †m we‡q Ki‡Z hv‡”Q|Õ n¨vU Lye fzj wKQy e‡jwb| `yB mßvn ci GKw`b †cv‡cv wd‡i G‡jv, Zvi m‡½ GKRb †g‡qgvbyl| G †Zv ZviB ¯¿x, Avgvi A¨vw›U| n¨vU gšÍe¨ Kij, Ô†`L‡j †Zv †g‡qgvbyl Kx wRwbm? †g‡qgvby‡li Kx cQ›` †`L‡j †Zv| cyiælgvbylUvi Rb¨ bq, G‡m‡Q isKiv bZzb evwo I †fZ‡ii Avmevec‡Îi Rb¨| Avwg evwR †i‡L ej‡Z cvwi Avwigvi †jvKUvi hw` GKUv bZzb evwo Avi bZzb AvmevecÎ _vKZ Zvn‡j †m KL‡bv †cv‡cvi m‡½ wd‡i AvmZ bv|Õ wKš‘ Avwg wKQyB g‡b Kwiwb| Avwg Lywk n‡qwQ| †cv‡cv mKvj‡ejv Zvi iv‡gi Møvm nv‡Z wb‡q evB‡i iv¯Ívq `uvwo‡q Av‡Q, iv‡gi Møv‡m AvOyj Wzwe‡q w`‡q‡Q Ges eÜz‡`i nvZ †b‡o Awfev`b Rvbv‡”Q Ñ G-`„k¨Uv Avgvi cQ‡›`i| Ôwg÷vi †cv‡cv Kx evbv”Q?Õ Zvi †mB cyi‡bv DËi, Ô†eUv, †mUvB †Zv cÖkœ| Avwg bvgQvov GKUv wRwbm evbvw”Q|Õ †cv‡cv Lye ZvovZvwo Zvi cyi‡bv Rxe‡b wd‡i Av‡m| bvgQvov wRwbm ˆZwi‡Z †m mgq w`‡q P‡j‡Q| †cv‡cv KvR Kiv †Q‡o w`‡q‡Q| Zvi ¯¿x Avgvi ¯‹z‡ji cv‡k GKB RvqMvq KvR †c‡q‡Q|

Zvi ¯¿x wd‡i Avmvi ci wg¸‡qj w÷ª‡Ui †jvKRb †cv‡cvi Ici cÖvq P‡UB Av‡Q| Zviv g‡b K‡i‡Q, Zv‡`i me mnvbyf‚wZi m‡½ †KŠZzK Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv wed‡j †M‡Q| n¨vU Avevi e‡j‡Q, IB Awfkß †cv‡cvi †`gvM †e‡o †M‡Q| wKš‘ Gevi †cv‡cv wKQy g‡b K‡iwb| †cv‡cv Avgv‡K ejZ, ÔhvI †eUv, evwo‡Z wM‡q cÖv_©bv K‡iv †hb Avgvi g‡Zv myLx n‡Z cv‡iv|Õ Gici hv NUj Ggb AvKw¯§Kfv‡e Zv NUj †h, Kx N‡U‡Q Zv Avgiv Rvb‡ZB cvwiwb| Le‡ii KvM‡R Qvcv bv nIqv ch©šÍ n¨vUI Zv Rvb‡Z cv‡iwb| n¨vU memgq KvMR c‡o| mKvj `kUv †_‡K mܨv QUv ch©šÍ †m c‡o| n¨vU †PuwP‡q I‡V, ÔwKš‘ Avwg G Kx †`LwQ?Õ †m Avgv‡`i msev‡`i wk‡ivbvgUv †`Lvq :

K¨vwjc‡mv ivRwgw¯¿ KvivMv‡i

A™¢zZ GKUv Mí| †cv‡cv wbwe©Pv‡i Pzwi K‡i AvmwQj| †hme bZzb AvmevecÎ †`Lv †hZ Zvi †Kv‡bvUvB †cv‡cvi ˆZwi bq e‡j n¨vU Rvbvq| †m Gme Pzwi K‡i G‡b GUv-IUv K‡i g‡WjUv e`‡j †djZ| †m GZ †ewk gvÎvq Pzwi KiZ †h, Zvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB Ggb wRwbm wewµI KiZ| GUv Ki‡Z wM‡qB †m aiv c‡o‡Q| ZLb Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †Kb †cv‡cvi evwoi mvg‡b memgq f¨v‡bi Avbv‡Mvbv PjZ| GgbwK Zvi Ni cybivq is Ki‡Z †h is I eªvk †m e¨envi K‡i‡Q ZvI †PvivB| n¨vU hLb ejj, Ô†jvKUv †evKv? wb‡Ri Pzwi-Kiv wRwbm Zv‡K wewµ Ki‡Z n‡e †Kb? Avgv‡K e‡jv, †Kb?Õ Ñ GB

K_vUv Avgv‡`i mevi| Avgiv mevB †g‡b wbB, GUv Zvi Lye †evKvwg n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ ZviciI Avgiv Avgv‡`i ü`‡qi Mfx‡i Abyfe Kwi †cv‡cv mwZ¨B GKRb gvbyl wQj, m¤¢eZ Avgv‡`i mevi †P‡q eo gvbyl| Avi Avw›Ui †ejvq ... n¨vU ejj, ÔZv‡K Kw`‡bi †Rj w`‡q‡Q? GK eQi? m`vPi‡Yi Rb¨ wZb gvm ev` w`‡j mewgwj‡q bq gvm| m`vPi‡Yi Rb¨ AvwgI Zvi ¯¿x‡K wZb gv‡mi Qvo w`B| Avi Zvici e‡j w`jvg, wgM‡j w÷ª‡U B‡gj`v e‡j †KD _vK‡e bv|Õ wKš‘ B‡gj`v KL‡bv wgM‡j w÷ªU †Q‡o hvqwb| †m Zvi eveywP©i PvKwiUvB †Kej a‡i iv‡Lwb, Kvco †avqv Avi Bw¯¿ Kivi KvRI wb‡q‡Q| †cv‡cv †h Ggb j¾vi GKUv NUbvq KvivMv‡i, G wb‡q †KD `ytL‡eva Kij bv, Avgv‡`i †h-Kv‡iv †ejvq GgbUv NU‡Z cv‡i| Zviv `ytL Kij B‡gj`vi Rb¨, †h-B‡gj`v‡K j¤^v mgq GKv _vK‡Z n‡e| †cv‡cv exi n‡q Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ wd‡i Av‡m| †m Avgv‡`i GKRb n¨vU †nvK wK †evMvU© Ñ gvbyl wn‡m‡e †m Zv‡`i †P‡q fv‡jv| Avgvi †ejv †m e`‡j †M‡Q, GB e`‡j hvIqvq Avwg e¨w_Z n‡qwQ| †cv‡cv KvR ïiæ Kij| †m †jvKR‡bi Rb¨ †njvb †`Iqvi gwim‡Pqvi, †Uwej Ges IqviWªe evbv‡Z ïiæ K‡i| Avwg hLb Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kwi, Ôwg÷vi †cv‡cv, bvgQvov wRwbmUv Zzwg K‡e evbv‡Z ïiæ Ki‡e?Õ †m MR©b K‡i I‡V| †cv‡cv e‡j, ÔZzwg eÇ cu¨vPvj K‡iv| †Zvgvi Mv‡q nvZ †Zvjvi Av‡M ZvovZvwo mU‡K c‡ov|Õ r

41

cÖeÜ

bRiæj-mvwnZ¨ : cÖvšÍRbK_v wek¦wRr †Nvl

ev

sjvi mvgvwRK ¯Íiweb¨v‡m KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi (1899-1976) Ae¯’vb wQj ÔZ‡ji Z‡jÕ (bottom of the bottom)| ˆmq` es‡kv™¢‚Z bRiæ‡ji c~e©cyiæl †h-†ckv wn‡m‡e KvRx-e„wË MÖnY K‡iwQj Ges cieZx©Kv‡j KvRx esk wb‡q cwiwPZ n‡q D‡VwQj, Zvi †cÖÿvc‡UI Av‡Q IB ÔZ‡ji Z‡jÕi Avfvm| KvRx bRiæ‡ji cwievi Avw_©Kfv‡e †h m”Qj wQj bv, †m-K_v Avgv‡`i Awew`Z bq| cÖm½Z ¯§iY Kiv hvq gyRd&di Avng‡`i GB fvl¨ : Ô†KD †KD ... wj‡L‡Qb †h bRiæj ¯‹zj-cvjv‡bv †Q‡j wQj| GUv ... mZ¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv| KviY, †h †Q‡ji evc-gvi cqmv Av‡Q †m †Q‡jB ¯‹zj cvjv‡Z cv‡i| bRiæ‡ji evc-gvi cqmv wQj bv| covi AvMÖn wb‡q wb‡RB †m ¯‹zj Lyu‡R †eovw”Qj, cqmv †bB e‡j ¯‹zj¸wjB Zvi wbKU n‡Z cvwj‡q hvw”QjÕ (gyRd&di Avng` 1981 : 41)| KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg †h ˆkk‡e gmwR‡` BgvgwZ K‡iwQ‡jb ev g³e Ly‡jwQ‡jb, ZviI cÖavb KviY wQj Avw_©K AmnvqZv| †eZb w`‡Z bv cvivB wQj Zuvi Nb Nb ¯‹zj cwieZ©‡bi cÖavb KviY| ¯‹zj †_‡K cÖvß Rjcvwbi A‡_©i GKUv Ask †h msmvi Li‡Pi Rb¨ Aby‡Ri nv‡Z Zz‡j w`‡Zb bRiæj, †m-K_vI Avgv‡`i AÁvZ bq| KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cvwievwiK Avw_©K Ae¯’v †h KZUv Lvivc wQj, Zv wfbœ GKUv Abyl½ †_‡KI †evSv hvq| 1347 e½v‡ã KjKvZvq AbywôZ e½xq gymjgvb mvwnZ¨ mwgwZi C` m‡¤§j‡b cÖ`Ë mfvcwZi Awffvl‡Y bRiæj Rvbvb, wZwb

42

wQ‡jb ÔK¬v‡mi dv÷© eqÕ| †nWgv÷v‡ii eo Avkv wQj Ñ ÔAvwg ¯‹z‡ji †MŠie evoveÕ| wKš‘ P‚ovšÍ cixÿv bv w`‡q wZwb †hvM w`‡jb cÖ_g gnvhy‡×| hy‡× †hvM`vb bRiæ‡ji cÖMwZev`x mvgvwRK †PZbvi AšÍt‡cÖiYv n‡jI Gi †cQ‡b †h A‡_©vcvR©b I wbR cwiev‡ii `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKi‡Yi fvebv KvR K‡i‡Q, ZvI Abygvb Kiv m¤¢e| AZGe, †evSv hvq, evsjvi mvgvwRK ¯Íiweb¨v‡m bRiæj wQ‡jb cÖvšÍevmx, Zuvi Ae¯’vb wQj wbgœe‡M©| †jLv evûj¨, wbgœeM© cÖZ¨qwU‡K Avgiv fviZxq RvwZ-eY© (caste-system) e¨e¯’vi †cÖÿvc‡U we‡ePbv Kwiwb; Avgv‡`i `„wó‡Kv‡Y Av_©-mvgvwRK-ivR‰bwZK fvebvB gyL¨ welq| Av‡šÍvwbI MÖvgwki ÔSelections from the Prison NotebooksÕ (1971) †_‡K wbgœeM© ev cÖvšÍRb m¤ú‡K© Avgiv †h-aviYv jvf Kwi, †h-aviYv cvB iYwRr ¸n wKsev MvqÎx PµeZx© w¯úfv‡Ki †jLvq, Zv †_‡K ejv hvq, bvbvgvwÎK ÿgZv I gh©v`v I kw³i wecÖZxc cÖv‡šÍ hv‡`i Ae¯’vb, ZvivB wbgœeM© ev cÖvšÍRb| hviv †K›`ªPz¨Z, Ph©vc`KZ©vi fvlvq hviv bMi-evwn‡ii †Wv¤^x, hviv cÖfzZ¡, KZ…©Z¡, kvmb I cÖZv‡ci wecix‡Z Aaxb `wjZ, †kvwlZ I wbcxwoZ Ñ ZvivB wbgœeM©, ZvivB cÖvšÍRb| GB `„wó‡Kv‡Y cÖvšÍRb wn‡m‡e Avgiv kbv³ Ki‡Z cvwi wb‡gœv³ Rb‡Mvôx‡K : K. mvgvwRK c`gh©v`vq wbPz ev mvaviY ¯Í‡ii RbMY; L. †ckv, c`, c`weMZ w`K †_‡K Aa¯Íb Rb‡Mvôx; M. KZ…©Z¡ I ÿgZvi w`K †_‡K †MŠY Rb‡Mvôx; Ges

N. cyiælZvwš¿KZvi `vc‡U ÿZweÿZ Aa¯Íb bvix‡Mvôx| jÿ Ki‡jB †`Lv hv‡e, bRiæjmvwn‡Z¨ Aa¯Íb ewÂZ`wjZ I cÖvšÍevmx PZzg©vwÎK GB Rb‡Mvôxi K_vB Zxeªfv‡e D”PvwiZ n‡q‡Q| wbgœeM© wn‡m‡e, cÖvšÍRb wn‡m‡e bRiæj KL‡bv we¯§„Z nbwb wb‡Ri Ae¯’vb Ges KL‡bv cwiZ¨vM K‡ibwb †m-Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZ Zuvi A½xKvi I `vqe×Zv| iex›`ªbv‡_i m‡½ bRiæ‡ji kÖ×v I cÖxwZi m¤ú‡K©i K_v g‡b †i‡LI Avgiv fzj‡Z cvwi bv Ôeoi wcwiwZ evwji euvaÕ iPbvi K_v, †hLv‡b Kwe bRiæj ¯úófv‡e Rvwb‡q †`b Zuvi cÖvšÍRbcÖxwZi K_v, wbgœe‡M©i cÖwZ Zuvi A½xKv‡ii K_v : Kx fxlY `vwi‡`ª¨i m‡½ msMÖvg K‡i Abk‡b Aa©vk‡b w`b KvwU‡q Avgv‡`i bZzb †jLK‡`i †eu‡P _vK‡Z nq Ñ j²xi K…cvq Kwe¸iæi Zv Rvbv †bB| fMevb Kiæb Zuv‡K †hb Rvb‡Z bv nq| wZwb hw` Avgv‡`i gZ mvwnwZ¨‡Ki KzwU‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Zb, Zvn‡j †`L‡Z †c‡Zb Ñ Avgv‡`i RxebhvÎvi ˆ`b¨ KZ fxlY|

(Ôeoi wcwiwZ evwji euvaÕ) mgKv‡j, †Kej wbgœZ‡j Ae¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y, bRiæj‡K †V‡j †`Iqv n‡qwQj A-Kwei `‡j| ÔAvgvi ˆKwdqZÕ cvV Ki‡j Abyaveb Kiv m¤¢e GKRb A‡šÍ¨evmx Kwei cÖwZ mgKv‡ji Zvw”Q‡j¨i gvÎv| D”Pe‡M©i `„wó‡KvY †_‡K IB KweZvq Kwe bRiæj wb‡R‡K Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb Gfv‡e : Kwe-eÜziv nZvk nBqv †gvi †jLv c‡o k¦vm †d‡j! e‡j, †K‡Rv µ‡g n‡”Q A‡K‡Rv cwjwU‡·i cvk †V‡j|

c‡o bv KÕ eB, e‡q †M‡Q IUv! †Kn e‡j †eŠ-G wMwjqv‡Q †MvUv! ... ... ... ÿzavZzi wkï Pvq bv ¯^ivR, Pvq `y‡Uv fvZ GKUz bb| †ejv e‡q hvq, Lvqwb KÕ evQv, KwP †c‡U Zvi R¡‡j Av¸b! ... ... ... cÖv_©bv KÕ‡iv Ñ hviv †K‡o Lvq †ZwÎk †KvwU gy‡Li MÖvm, †hb †jLv nq Avgvi i³-†jLvq Zv‡`i me©bvk!

(ÔAvgvi ˆKwdqZÕ) Ñ D×…Zvsk †_‡K G-K_v my¯úófv‡eB ejv hvq, bRiæj wb‡R‡K wbgœe‡M©i A‡šÍ¨evmx gvby‡li `jfz³ K‡i‡Qb Ñ ZvwË¡Kfv‡e bq, AvwZ¥Kfv‡eB| ÔMYevYxÕi m‡½ ÔjvOjÕ-Gi GKxf‚Z nIqvi m~‡Î ÔkÖxhy³ ZvivivÕi KUv‡ÿi Reve w`‡Z wM‡q bRiæj hv wj‡L‡Qb, Zv‡ZB aiv c‡o ivR‰bwZK wbgœZ‡ji cÖwZ Zuvi mg_©‡bi K_v| bRiæj wj‡L‡Qb : ÔGB K…lK-kÖwgK `jUv (e½xq K…lK kÖwgK `j) Zzjmxevey bwjbxeveyi gZ awbK †kÖwYi †bZvi Øviv MwVZ bq| MVb Ki‡j Kviv? bv, hZme wewfbœ †Rjvi mwZ¨Kv‡ii gRyi, ÿq‡K‡kv nvo-Pvgov †ei Kiv, Ava-j¨vsUv †e¸b-wm× gZ gyLIqvjv Pvlv-gRyi| Avi Zv‡`i †bZv¸‡jvI Z`ªƒc Ñ bv Av‡Q Pvj, bv Av‡Q Pz‡jv| Zv‡Z ej‡kwfK loh‡š¿i Avmvwg me|Õ Kwei eÜz I mn‡hv×v gyRd&di Avng` MYevYx †ei Ki‡Z Kx KwVb mgm¨vq c‡owQ‡jb, ZvI G-cÖm‡½ ¯§iY Kiv hvq| bRiæj wj‡L‡Qb : ÔAvwg njd K‡i ej‡Z cvwi, gyRd&di‡K

Kwe fe‡b (euv †_‡K) Dgv KvRx, wgwó KvRx, eveyj KvRx I wLjwLj KvRxi m‡½ Kwe

Ñ †mŠR‡b¨ : bRiæj Bbw÷wUDU

43

†`L‡j †jv‡Ki ﮋ Pÿz †d‡UI Rj Avm‡e| ... Ggb A‡bK gymjgvb †bZv AvR GB mv¤úÖ`vwqK û‡ovûwoi I hy‡Mi ûRy‡Mi my‡hvM wb‡q ¸wQ‡q wb‡j, ïay gyRd&di w`‡bi ci w`b Aa©vk‡b Abk‡b wK¬ó n‡q ïwK‡q gi‡Q| Avwg Rvwb, GB MYevYx †ei Ki‡Z Zv‡K `y‡Uv w`b Kv‡V KvV Abk‡b KvUv‡Z n‡q‡Q|Õ wbgœe‡M©i cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv, cÖvšÍR‡bi cÖwZ `vqe×Zvi A½xKvi †_‡K bRiæj KweZv wj‡L‡Qb, wj‡L‡Qb †QvUMí, Dcb¨vm cÖeÜ| †PŠwi‡Pvivi NUbvi †cÖÿvc‡U gnvZ¥v MvÜx hLb Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb †_‡K cÖZ¨vnvi K‡i †bb wb‡Ri mg_©b, ZLb e¨w_Z nb wbgœe‡M©i Kwe bRiæj| D”Pe‡M©i cÖwZ MvÜxi mg_©‡bi wecÖZx‡c bRiæj ¯úófvlvq Rvwb‡q †`b Zuvi ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’vb, Zuvi cÖvšÍRbcÖxwZi K_v Ñ e¯‘Z hv Zuvi mvwn‡Z¨iB cÖavb myi| MvÜxi f‚wgKv KUvÿ K‡i bRiæj †j‡Lb : †Ku‡` Qy‡U Avwm cvM‡ji cÖvq, ¯^iv‡Ri †bkv †Kv_v Qy‡U hvq! ... ... ...

Avgiv Z Rvwb, ¯^ivR Avwb‡Z †cvov evZ©vKz G‡bwQ Lvm! KZ kZ †KvwU ÿzwaZ wkïi ÿzav wbOvwoqv Kvwoqv MÖvm

Gj †KvwU UvKv, Gj bv ¯^ivR!

UvKv w`‡Z bv‡i fzLvwi mgvR|

(ÔAvgvi ˆKwdqZÕ) Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZv‡q †`Lv hvq, DrcxwoZ ev cÖvšÍR‡bi Rb¨B Kwei we‡`ªvn| cvjve`jKvix GB KweZvq bRiæj ¯úófv‡eB †NvlYv K‡ib : ÔAvwg weaevi ey‡K µ›`b-k¦vm, nv-ûZvk Avwg ûZvkxi|/ Avwg ewÂZ e¨_v c_evmx wPi-M„nnviv hZ cw_‡Ki,/ Avwg Aegvwb‡Zi gig‡e`bv, wel-R¡vjv, wcÖq-jvwÃZ ey‡K MwZ †diÕ (Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ)| AwMœexYv Kv‡e¨i †ivgvw›UK Avwg, we‡li euvkx-mvg¨ev`x-me©nviv Kv‡e¨ cÖvšÍR‡bi m‡½ GKvZ¥ n‡q DËxY© n‡q‡Q ÔAvgivÕi fze‡b| wek¦-cÖvšÍR‡bi AK…wÎg eÜz †bjmb g¨v‡Ûjv †hgb e‡jb : ÔA person is a person through other personsÕ wKsev ÔI am because we are.Õ Ñ †Zgwb bRiæjI cÖvwšÍK gvby‡li mvwbœ‡a¨ G‡m AvwggqZvi fzeb †Q‡o DËxY© n‡q‡Qb ÔAvgivÕi fze‡b| G Kvi‡YB Kv‡e¨i bvg iv‡Lb wZwb mvg¨ev`x wKsev me©nviv Ñ G Kvi‡YB wZwb KweZvi bvg iv‡Lb ÔKzwj-gRyiÕ, ÔivRv-cÖRvÕ, ÔbvixÕ, Ôeviv½bvÕ, ÔgvbylÕ, ÔK…lv‡Yi MvbÕ, ÔkÖwg‡Ki MvbÕ, ÔQvÎ`‡ji MvbÕ, Ôaxei‡`i MvbÕ, ÔRv‡Zi e¾vwZÕ, ÔPiKvi MvbÕ, ÔAšÍi-b¨vkbvj m½xZÕ, Ô`ytkvm‡bi i³-cvbÕ BZ¨vw`| Gme bvg wbe©vP‡bi AšÍt‡cÖiYv †h bRiæ‡ji cÖvšÍRbcÖxwZ Ñ Zv eyS‡Z Amyweav nIqvi K_v bq| wbô cÖvšÍRbcÖxwZi Kvi‡YB bRiæj D”PviY K‡ib cÖZ¨q`xcÖ Gme cO&w³ : K. cÖRv nq ïay ivR-we‡`ªvnx, wKš‘ Kvnv‡i Kwn, Ab¨vq KÕ‡i †Kb nq bv KÕ ivRvI cÖRv‡`ªvnx|Õ ... ... ...

Kv‡ji PiKv †Nvi, †`okZ †KvwU gvby‡li Nv‡o Ñ P‡o †`okZ †Pvi| G Avkv †gv‡`i `yivkvI bq, †mw`b my`~iI bq Ñ mg‡eZ ivR-K‡É †hw`b ïwbe cÖRvi Rq|

(ÔivRv-cÖRvÕ) L. Avwm‡Z‡Q ïfw`b, w`‡b w`‡b eû evwoqv‡Q †`bv, mywa‡Z nB‡e FY| nvZzwo kvej MuvBwZ Pvjv‡q fvwOj hviv cvnvo, cvnvo-KvUv †m c‡_i `yÕcv‡k cwoqv hv‡`i nvo, †Zvgv‡i †mwe‡Z nBj hvnviv gRyi, gy‡U I Kzwj,

44

†Zvgv‡i ewn‡Z hviv cweÎ A‡½ jvMvj a~wj; ZvivB gvbyl, ZvivB †`eZv, Mvwn Zvnv‡`wi Mvb, Zv‡`wi e¨w_Z e‡ÿ cv †d‡j Av‡m be DÌvb! (ÔKzwj-gRyiÕ) cÖvšÍR‡bi be-DÌvb evmbvq bRiæj Mfxifv‡e wek¦vm †i‡L‡Qb K…l‡Ki Ici, kÖwg‡Ki Ici, †L‡U-LvIqv †kvwlZ-ewÂZ †jvKmgv‡Ri Ici| A‡šÍ¨evmxi DÌv‡bi Rb¨ kÖwgK‡`i WvK w`‡q bRiæj D”PviY K‡ib GB `xwcZ PiY¸”Q :

hZ kÖwgK ïÕ‡l wbO&‡o cÖRv

ivRv-DwRi gvi‡Q gRv,

Avgiv gwi e‡q Zv‡`i †evSv †i|

Gevi RyRyi `j H ûRyi `‡j

`jwe †i Avq gRyi `j!

ai& nvZzwo, †Zvj& Kuv‡a kvej \

(ÔkÖwg‡Ki MvbÕ) evsjv‡`‡ki mvgvwRK ev¯ÍeZvq, cÖK…Z cÖ¯Ív‡eB, bvix n‡”Q Z‡ji Zj| Zvi A_© GB Ñ bvixi Ae¯’vb †K‡›`ª bq, cÖv‡šÍ| bRiæj Zuvi mvwn‡Z¨ cÖvwšÍK bvix‡K wb‡q Avm‡Z †P‡q‡Qb †K‡›`ªi f‚‡Mv‡j| bRiæj bvix‡K cÖvK…wZK ˆjw½K cwiP‡q bv †`‡L, †`‡L‡Qb mvgvwRK †RÛvi `„wó‡Kv‡Y| m‡›`n †bB, GB `„wófw½ A‡šÍ¨evmx wbgœe‡M©i cÖwZ bRiæ‡ji A½xKv‡ii ¯^Kxq GK gvÎv| cÖm½Z D‡jøL Kiv hvq, Ôeviv½bvÕ wKsev ÔbvixÕ KweZvi K_v| GB KweZv؇q cÖvwšÍK bvixi cÖwZ bRiæ‡ji m`_©K `„wófw½ Gs mvg~wnK RvMiY-evmbv e¨³ n‡q‡Q : K. †f‡O hgcyix bvwMbxi gZ Avq bv cvZvj dzwo, Auvav‡i †Zvgvi c_ †`Lv‡e gv †Zvgvwi fMœ Pzwo| cyiæl h‡gi ÿzavi KzKzi gy³ I c`vNv‡Z jyUv‡q cwo‡e I PiY Z‡j `wjZ h‡gi mv‡_!

GZw`b ïay wejv‡j Ag„Z, AvR cÖ‡qvRb h‡e †h nv‡Z wcqv‡j Ag„Z, †m nv‡Z K‚Uwel w`‡Z n‡e|

(ÔbvixÕ) L. †K †Zvgvq e‡j eviv½bv gv, †K †`q _yZz I-Mv‡q? nqZ †Zvgvi ¯Íb¨ w`qv‡Q mxZv-mg mZx gv‡q| bvB nÕ‡j mZx Zey Z †Zvgiv gvZv-fwMbxiB RvwZ; †Zvgv‡`i †Q‡j Avgv‡`iB gZ, Zviv Avgv‡`i ÁvwZ|

(Ôeviv½bvÕ)

`yB

KweZvi g‡Zv cÖe‡ÜI KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb Zuvi cÖvšÍRbcÖxwZi K_v| ÔjvwÃZÕ cÖe‡Ü bRiæj wj‡L‡Qb : Ôjÿ †jv‡Ki Abœms¯’v‡bi me©bvk Kwiqv PvwikZ †jvK abx nB‡jb Ges wejvme¨m‡b A_©e¨q Kwi‡jb| ... DwKj †`wL‡Z‡Q g‡°‡ji KZ LvIqv hvq| gnvRb †`wL‡Z‡Q †`bv`v‡ii wf‡UgvwU‡K wK Kwiqv †bIqv hvB‡Z cv‡i, f`ª‡jvK fvwe‡Z‡Q Xs †`LvBqv KZ †evKv VKv‡bv hvB‡Z cviv hvq| †KDev eyw× weµq Kwi‡Z‡Qb, †KDev †`kbxwZi †gjv Lywjqv ewmqv Av‡Qb| mevB †K Kvi gv_v LvB‡eb fvweqv Aw¯’i| c‡ii fvebv fvweevi wZjgvÎ mgq bvB| GB †h mvivw`b GZ e¨¯ÍZv †m ïay wK Kwiqv `ye©j‡K †clY Kwiqv Avi GKUz eo mÂq Kiv hvq Zvnvi †Póvq wbwgË|Õ bRiæ‡ji †Pv‡L aiv c‡o cÖvšÍR‡bi cÖwZ D”Pe‡M©i Zz”Q-Zvw”Qj¨ I we-gvbweK AvPiY| cÖvšÍR‡bi cÖwZ D”Pe‡M©i AvPi‡Y ÿzä bRiæj D”PviY K‡ib G-K_v : ÔGw`‡K D”PRvwZ g„Zz¨Kv‡jI wbgœRvwZ‡K GKavc Dc‡i DwV‡Z w`‡e bv|

Rwg`v‡ii Rwg wbjv‡g, Zey †m cÖRvi nvZ awi‡e bvÕ (ÔjvwÃZÕ)| GKwU iƒcK iPbvi Lmov †_‡KI cÖvšÍR‡bi cÖwZ bRiæ‡ji A½xKv‡ii K_v Abyaveb Kiv hvq| IB Lmov iPbvq bRiæj RbK‡K km¨-Drcv`K, ivg‡K K…lK Ges mxZv‡K km¨ wn‡m‡e Kíbv K‡i‡Qb| ivg-mxZvi `yB cyÎ je I Kzk‡K †f‡e‡Qb k‡m¨i `yB fvM wn‡m‡e| K…lK-cÖwZwbwa n‡qI ivg h_v_© f‚wgKv cvjb bv Kivq mxZv A_©vr km¨ †hgb ive‡Yi AwaKv‡i P‡j hvq, †Zgwb wbgœe‡M©i mewKQy P‡j hvq iveYiƒcx D”Pe‡M©i †Mvjvq| iveY‡K bRiæj †`‡L‡Qb D”PeM©fz³ eªvþY I jyÉbKvix ivÿ‡mi hyM¥iƒc wn‡m‡e| k~`ª Z_v wbgœeM©‡K Ae‡njv Kivi Rb¨B iv‡gi KiæY cwiYwZ N‡U Ñ †f‡e‡Qb bRiæj; ZvB wZwb cÖZ¨vkv K‡i‡Qb wbgœeM© Z_v k~`ª wKsev ewj cÖvšÍR‡bi DÌvb|

wZb

KweZv Ges cÖe‡Üi g‡Zv bRiæ‡ji K_vmvwn‡Z¨I cvIqv hv‡e cÖvšÍR‡bi bvbvgvwÎK Qwe| evsjv K_vmvwn‡Z¨ bRiæ‡ji Avwef©ve, Ges GKB m‡½ wZ‡ivfveI e‡U, `yB wek¦hy‡×i ga¨eZx© mg‡q| hy×cxwoZ GB mgqL‡Ð evsjv K_vmvwn‡Z¨i †K›`ªxq cÖeYZv am Avi webwó, ga¨weË-Rxe‡bi cÖZviYv Avi AmsMwZ, †cÖg Avi A-†cÖ‡gi jxjvjvm¨| bRiæ‡ji K_vmvwnZ¨ G-avivq GK `xcÖ e¨wZµg| KL‡bv KL‡bv †cÖ‡gi nvZ a‡i †mLv‡b gvb-Awfgv‡bi AwZK_‡bi †mªvZ e‡q †M‡Q e‡U, Z‡e †K›`ªxq cÖeYZv‡Z wVKB cÖevwnZ n‡q‡Q cÖvšÍR‡bi Rxeb‡mªvZ| K_vmvwn‡Z¨ bRiæj †mme Pwi·KB gwngvwš^Z K‡i Zz‡j‡Qb, hviv †K›`ªPz¨Z, hviv †Kv‡bv-bv-†Kv‡bv m~‡Î `wjZ-cxwoZwbh©vwZZ| Zuvi wcÖq Pwiθ‡jvi kix‡i ¯úó dz‡U I‡V `vwi‡`ª¨i Qvc, ms¯‹v‡ii `M`‡M `vM, Jcwb‡ewkK †kvl‡Yi wPý; Zuvi bvixi Aeq‡e R¡‡j cyiælivÿ‡mi jKj‡K †jvf Ñ Avevi †mLv‡bB †R‡M D‡V `uvwo‡q hvq Gme AcwPý `~ixKi‡Y cÖZ¨q`xß †Kv‡bv-GK gy‡Li Avfvm, †Kv‡bv-GK kw³i Djøvm, †Kv‡bv-GK we‡`ªvnxi û¼vi| bRiæ‡ji Mí-Dcb¨v‡m †cÖg Av‡Q, Av‡Q †cÖwgK-†cÖwgKvI, KL‡bv KL‡bv gvb-Awfgvb Avi Av‡e‡Mi †mªv‡Z Zuvi wcÖq bi-bvixi wPˇjvK cøvweZI; Zey bRiæjm„ó †mme PwiÎB cvV‡Ki ¯§„wZc‡U RxešÍ n‡q _v‡K hv‡`i kix‡i I mËvq Av‡Q kÖg Avi msMÖv‡gi ¯úk©, `vwi‡`ª¨i weiæ‡× hy× Ki‡Z Ki‡Z hviv K¬všÍ, cxwoZ I chy©`¯Í ZvivB Zuvi mvwn‡Z¨ n‡q I‡V `xcÖ I `xwcZ| MvqÎx PµeZx© w¯úfvK wbgœeM© Z_v cÖvšÍR‡bi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q wj‡L‡Qb Ñ ÔCan the Subaltern speak?Õ (Gayatri

1983 : 66-111)| MvqÎxi GB wRÁvmvq

Av‡Q cwðgwe‡ivax bvixev`x wPšÍvi ewntcÖKvk| Z‡e welqwU‡K we¯Í…Z K‡i †MvUv cÖvšÍRb cÖm‡½B K_vwU we‡ePbv Kiv hvq| ÿgZvev‡bi `vc‡U, †kvl‡Ki û¼v‡i, ag©Rxexi cÖZviYvq Ges cyiælivÿ‡mi evmbvq wbgœe‡M©i bvixcyiæ‡li Kɯ^i ¯Íä n‡q hvq, nvwi‡q †d‡j Zviv K_v ejvi kw³| evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ GB `wjZ †kÖwYi K_v mivmwi ejvUvI Aciva ev `y®‹g© e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡Zv| ZvB mgv‡Ri †kvlY Avi D”Pe‡M©i wbh©vZ‡bi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q gyKz›`ivg‡K nvwRi n‡Z nq e‡bi cï‡`i Kv‡Q, KL‡bvev BwZnvm-iƒcK_v I wg_K_vi AvkÖq wb‡Z nq Kwe‡K| g~K Rb‡Mvôxi gy‡L fvlv †`‡eb †Kvb Kwe, †Kvb †Kvwe`? Zvi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i A‡cÿv Ki‡Z nq bRiæ‡ji Avwef©ve ch©šÍ| bRiæ‡ji KweZv I K_vmvwnZ¨, wbweo ch©‡eÿ‡Y †`Lv hv‡e, wbgœe‡M©i K_vq †mv”Pvi| Ôe¨_vi `vbÕ M‡íi ¸jkvb, ÔivÿzmxÕ M‡íi wew›`, ÔcÙ‡MvL‡ivÕ M‡íi †Rvniv, Kz‡nwjKv Dcb¨v‡mi Rvnv½x‡ii gv, wKsev RqZx I P¤úv, evabnvivi Av‡qkv, g„Zz¨ÿzavi cu¨vKv‡ji gv wKsev †gR †eŠ wbgœeM© Z_v cÖvšÍR‡bi jÿY‡iLv wQbœ K‡i †ewi‡q Av‡m Av‡jvwKZ c„w_ex‡Z| Rvnv½xi wKsev Avbmv‡ii gy‡LI Avgiv ïwb IB cÖvšÍR‡bi Mjv-dvUv‡bv DÌvbK_v| AZGe, mgmvgwqK mvwn‡Z¨i wecÖZx‡c `uvwo‡q, bRiæ‡ji K_vmvwn‡Z¨i GB gg© Dcjwä K‡i MvqÎxi wRÁvmvi Dˇi Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi : ÔYes, the Subaltern can also speak.Õ KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg wbgœeM© Z_v cÖvšÍR‡bi †h bZzb wWm‡Kvm© ev m›`f© wbg©vY K‡ib, Zv‡`i DÌv‡bi †h i³v³ Qwe m„wó K‡ib, †mLv‡b cÖvqkB fvebv¸‡jv †ewi‡q Av‡m bvixi eqv‡b| †Kb? DËiUv GB Ñ bvixivB n‡”Q Z‡jiI Zj; KL‡bv Zviv wQ`v‡gi eD P›`iv, KL‡bv cuvPzi ev‡ci eD wew›`, KL‡bv-ev cu¨vKv‡ji gv wKsev †gR †eŠ| iex›`ªbv‡_i P›`iv AvcvZ †g‡b wb‡q‡Q wQ`v‡gi †Ljv, wKš‘ GK`g gv‡bwb wew›`| ZvB cuvPzi ev‡ci ciKxqv wew›`‡K eywS‡q †`q cyiælivÿ‡mi AZj ÿzav Ges GKmgq nZ¨v K‡i cuvPzi evc‡K Ñ ¯^vgx‡K| wew›`i GB AvPiY AvB‡bi †Pv‡L Kxfv‡e we‡eP¨ †m wfbœ cÖm½, wKš‘ GB AvPi‡Yi g‡a¨ bRiæjgvb‡mi †h †Mvcb AvKv•ÿv Awfe¨³, †m-K_vB Avgv‡`i Awš^ó| wew›`‡K †h ivÿzmx n‡Z n‡jv, Zv‡K †h weK…wZi c‡¼ n‡Z n‡jv wbgw¾Z, †mLv‡b cvB cÖvwšÍK bvixi ¯^cœ I msMÖvg, fv‡jvevmv I cÖwZwnsmvi AwewgkÖ iƒc| wbgœe‡M©i cÖvwšÍK bvix Kxfv‡e Lyu‡R cvq Avcb wVKvbv, Kxfv‡e R¡‡j I‡V Zvi ¯^vwaKvi-cÖgË mËv, Kxfv‡e cÖvwšÍKZvi

45

mxgvbv †cwi‡q cÖvšÍRb MÖnY K‡i Avcb wm×všÍ, wew›`i wb‡gœv³ eqvb Zvi AåvšÍ D`vniY : Avgvi †mvqvgx GKv H AevMx‡`i evwoi †cQ‡bi †ZuZzj MvQUvi Zjvq e‡m ... Pvwiw`‡K ZvwK‡q †`Ljyg †KD †Kv_vI †bB| ... Avwg AuvP‡j `vÕUv jywK‡q †`Š‡o evwNbxi gZ wM‡q It †m wK †Rv‡i Zvi ey‡K †P‡c emjyg| †m nvRvi †Rvi K‡iI Avgvq DjwU‡q †dj‡Z cvi‡j bv| Zvi Nv‡o g¯Í GKUv †Kvc ewm‡q w`‡ZB Avgvi nvZUv Aek n‡q Gj| ZLb †m †`Š‡o cv‡ki cvU‡ÿZUvq wM‡q wPrKvi K‡i coj! Avwg ZLb i³gy‡Lv n‡q D‡VwQ| Avwg Avevi wM‡q `y‡Uv †Kvc emv‡ZB Zvi Nvo n‡ZB gv_vUv Avjv`v n‡q †Mj! Zvici Lvwj jvj Avi jvj! Avgvi Pvwiw`‡K ïay i³ †b‡P †eov‡Z jvMj!

(ÔivÿzmxÕ) Kz‡nwjKvi RqZx PwiÎ wbgœe‡M©i n‡jI wecøex g‡š¿ `xÿv wb‡q †m D‡V G‡m‡Q †K‡›`ªi kx‡l©| bRiæ‡ji AvKv•ÿvB wQj KzwjgRyi, kÖwgK-K…lK Avi ÔZz”QÕR‡bi DÌvb| Rvnv½x‡ii `„wó‡Kv‡Y RqZxi †h-Qwe Aw¼Z nq, †mLv‡b cvB cÖvšÍR‡bi DÌv‡bi K_v, wbgœe‡M©i mgywÌZ RvMi‡Yi K_v Ñ Ôgwnjvi eqm QwÎkmuvBw·ki †ewk nB‡e bv| ci‡b ïay GKLvwb cwi®‹vi mv`v aywZ, †hb Mv‡qi i‡Oi mv‡_ wgwkqv wMqv‡Q| Nvo ch©šÍ †QvU Kwiqv KvUv Pzj Ñ A‡bKUv evewi Pz‡ji g‡Zv| Zvnvwi KZK¸‡jv jjv‡U I gy‡Li Av‡kcv‡k Avwmqv cwoqv‡Q| eo eo Pÿz wKš‘ Zvnv †hb GKUz AwZwi³ cÖLi, mn‡R †Pv‡Li w`‡K PvIqv hvq bv| †PvL †hb Sjwm‡q hvq| gyL cyiæ‡li g‡Zv Z…ß, gwn‡gv¾¡j| Rvnv½xi g‡b g‡b ewjj Ñ Ôbvix hw` bvwMbx nq, Zzwg bv‡Mk¦ixÕ (Kz‡nwjKv)|Õ Rvnv½x‡ii GB fvebvq aiv c‡o cÖvšÍR‡bi DÌv‡bi Avfvm| g„Z¨z ÿzav Dcb¨v‡m K…òbM‡ii Puv` mo‡Ki wbgœe‡M©i gymjgvb I †ivgvb K¨v_wjK cwiev‡ii g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK m¤úK©, Ø›Ø I mn‡hvM Ges RxebmsMÖvg iƒcjvf K‡i‡Q| g„Z¨z ÿzav Dcb¨vm †h wkwÿZ bMievmxi †cÖg-cu¨vPvj bq, Dcb¨v‡mi ïiæ‡ZB bRiæj Zv ¯úó K‡ib Gfv‡e : ÔRvwZag© wbwe©‡k‡l G‡`i cyiæ‡liv RbgRyi Lv‡U Ñ A_©vr ivRwg¯¿x, Lvbmvgv, eveywP©wMwi ev H iK‡gi †Kv‡bv-GKUv wKQy K‡i| Avi, †g‡qiv avb fv‡b, Ni-†Mi¯’vwji KvRKg© K‡i, iuv‡a, Kuv‡` Ges bvbvb `ytL-av›`v K‡i cyiæl‡`i `ytL jvNe Kievi †Póv K‡i| weavZv †hb `qv K‡iB G‡`i Rxe‡bi `ytL‡K eo K‡i †`Levi AeKvk †`bwb| Zvn‡j nqZ g¯Í eo GKUv ANUb NUZÕ (g„Z¨z ÿzav)| Av‡jvP¨ cÖwZ‡e`‡bi GB cÖwZcv`¨ †kl ch©šÍ AÿzYœ wQj Ñ cu¨vKv‡ji gv Avi †gR‡eŠi RxebmsMÖvg Dcb¨v‡m mÂvi K‡i‡Q wfbœgvÎv| mgwóMZ cÖvšÍRb µ‡g e¨w³‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nqwb Ñ †KZzciy MÖv‡gi axei †Mvôx Kz‡ei-Kwcjvi †cÖg‡Ljvq c_nviv nqwb, macro-Rxeb cwZZ nqwb micro-MnŸ‡i| GLv‡bB bRiæ‡ji Jcb¨vwmK cÖwZ‡e`‡bi ¯^KxqZv| bRiæj †P‡qwQ‡jb cÖvšÍRb D‡V AvmyK †K‡›`ªi f‚‡Mv‡j Ñ Ggb fvebUv iƒcvwqZ nq g„Z¨z ÿzav Dcb¨v‡mi c‡b‡iv Aa¨v‡q Avwef‚Z © Avbmv‡ii eY©bvq| cvVK, jÿ Kiæb wb‡Pi evK¨‡mªvZ : Puv` mo‡K †mw`b †ek GKUz Pv‡j¨i mvov c‡o †Mj| j²xQvov-gZ †Pnviv j¤^v-PIov GKRb gymjgvb hyeK †Kv‡Ì‡K G‡m †mvRv bvwRi mv‡n‡ei evmvq DVj| ... hye‡Ki Mv‡q †LjvdwZ fjvw›Uqv‡ii †cvkvK| wKš‘ GZ gqjv †h wPgwU KvU‡j gqjv I‡V| LχiiB Rvgv-Kvco Ñ wKš‘ GZ †gvUv †h, e¯Ív e‡j åg nq| gv_vq ˆmwb‡Ki †dwUM-K¨v‡ci gZ Uzwc, Zv‡Z

46

wKš‘ Aa©P‡›`ªi e`‡j wcZ‡ji ÿz`ª Zievwi µm| Zievwi-µ‡mi g‡a¨ wn›`y-gymjgv‡bi wgjbvZ¥K GKUv †jvnvi †QvÆ wÎk~j| nv‡Z `i‡ewk ai‡bi Aôeµxi `xN© lwó| ˆmwbK‡`i BDwbd‡g©i gZ †KvU-c¨v›U| cv‡q †bŠKvi gZ GK‡Rvov weivU eyU, P‡o Abvqv‡m b`x cvi nIqv hvq| wc‡V GKUv †ev¤^vB wdUe¨vM| kix‡ii is †hgb dimv †Zgwb bvK-†Pv‡Li Mob| cv †_‡K gv_v ch©šÍ gvc K‡i ˆZwi wMÖK fv¯‹‡h©i A¨v‡cv‡jvi g~wZ©i gZ wbLyZ u my›`i|

(g„Z¨z ÿzav) Dchy³ © eY©bvq wbgœe‡M©i gvby‡li cÖwZ, cÖvšÍR‡bi cÖwZ bRiæ‡ji g‡bvfv‡ei ewntcÖKvk N‡U‡Q, we‡ePbv Kwi|

Pvi

KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg gvby‡li gyw³ Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb, `~i Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb mvgvwRK Avmvg¨, cÖZ¨vkv K‡i‡Qb Jcwb‡ewkK kw³i civfe| wKš‘, we‡ePbv Kwi, Zuvi mvwn‡Z¨i †K›`ªxq myi cÖvšÍR‡bi DÌvb, k~‡`ªi RvMiY, †K›`ª-jvwÃZ cÖv‡šÍi gvbyl‡`i †K›`ª-`L‡ji AvnŸvb| cÖm½Z, bRiæj-iwPZ ÔmZ¨evYxÕ cÖe‡Üi K_v Avgv‡`i g‡b c‡o| IB cÖe‡Ü bRiæj wj‡L‡Qb : ÔZzwg hw` me©¯n^ viv nI, †Kv_vI †Zvgvi gv_v ¸uwRevi VuvB bv _v‡K, KzQ c‡ivqv †bB, †Zvgvi gv_v bZ KwiI bv|Õ Awfbœ cÖe‡Üi Dcmsnv‡i bRiæj hv e‡j‡Qb, e¯‘Z †m-K_vB bRiæjmvwn‡Z¨ cÖvšÍR‡bi cÖwZ Zuvi cig AvnŸvb : ÔZzwg Agi nI! Zzwg ¯^vaxb nI! †Zvgvi Rq nDK|Õ (ÔmZ¨evYxÕ) Ôm„R‡bi MvbÕ cÖe‡Ü bRiæj wj‡L‡Qb : ÔeªvþY-cv`wii ivRZ¡ wMqv‡Q| ¸iæ-cy‡ivwnZ, Lwjdv, †cvc wbe©sk-cÖvq| kZ mgªvU I mvgªvR¨ me a‡m c‡o‡Q| ivRv Av‡Qb bv‡g gvÎ| Av‡gwiKv, Bsj¨vÛ cÖfw… Z †`‡k GLb ˆe‡k¨i ivRZ¡| Gevi k~‡`ªi cvjv| Gevi mgv‡Ri cÖ‡qvR‡b k~`ª bq Ñ k~‡`ªi cÖ‡qvR‡b mgvR Pj‡e| wn›`y-gymjgvb mgm¨v, eªvþYAeªvþY mgm¨v me jvO‡ji dv‡ji gy‡L †jvc cv‡e|Õ GB gvbm-AvKv•ÿvB Avgv‡`i we‡ePbvq, bRiæ‡ji K_vmvwnZ¨-KweZv-cÖe‡Ü iƒcjvf K‡i‡Q| Zuvi msMxZ¸‡jv ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡jI Awfbœ we‡ePbv Dc¯’vc‡bi my‡hvM Av‡Q| me©ÎB bRiæj cÖZ¨vkv K‡i‡Qb wbgœe‡M©i cÖwZ‡iva, `wjZR‡bi we‡`ªvn, Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb cÖvšÍR‡bi DÌvb|* wbe©vwPZ MÖšc ’ wÄ KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg, 1996| bRiæj iPbvejx, Ave`yj Kvw`i-m¤úvw`Z, 1-4 LÐ, evsjv GKv‡Wwg, XvKv| gyRd&di Avng`, 1981| KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg : ¯§„wZK_v, b¨vkbvj eyK G‡RwÝ, KjKvZv| Gayatri Chakravarty Spivak, 1983, Can the Subaltern speak?, reprinted with abridgemens in Williams and Chrismad (eds.) Colonial Discourse and Post-colonial Theory, Harvester Wheatsheaf, London.

Nelson Mandela, 2014, Long Walk to Freedom, Routledge, New York. * eÿ¨gvY cÖe‡Ü KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi wewfbœ iPbvi D×…wZ Ave`yj Kvw`i-m¤úvw`Z bRiæj iPbvejx (1-4 LÐ) †_‡K M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| r

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we M„wnYx‡`i Kve¨PP©vi D`vniY evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ wbtm‡›`‡n Kg| mvgvb¨ †h-KqwU D`vniY Avgv‡`i bR‡i c‡o mvwnZ¨ ev Kv‡e¨i BwZnv‡m †m¸wj †h cÖvc¨ ¯’vb ev gh©v`v †c‡q‡Q †m-K_v ejvI Lye gykwKj| Zey mvaviYZ †h bvg¸wj mvaviYfv‡e g‡b c‡o Zvi g‡a¨ Aek¨B Av‡Qb b‡i›`ª †`e-ivavivYx, eyׇ`e emy-cÖwZfv emy cÖgyL K‡qKRb| wKš‘ A‡b‡KiB Rvbv †bB †h, GKv‡j Kwe kirKzgvi gy‡Lvcva¨vq I weRqv gy‡Lvcva¨vqB mv¤úÖwZKKv‡j GB ch©v‡qi †kl cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e n‡qI KweZv wbg©v‡Y Av‡Rv mwµq| cÖm½Z g‡b c‡o KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi K_v| bRiæjcZœx cÖgxjvI KweZvPP©v Ki‡Zb| Zuvi KweZv cÎ-cwÎKvq Qvcv n‡Zv| mK‡jB Rv‡bb cÖgxjvi WvKbvg wQj `ywj ev †`v‡jbv| we‡qi Av‡M `ywji fv‡jv bvg wQj AvkvjZv| we‡qi ci Kwe Zuvi bvg iv‡Lb AvkvjZvi e`‡j cÖgxjv| GK`v †mb¸ß cwiev‡i bRiæ‡ji Dcw¯’wZ wQj wbZvšÍB AvKw¯§K GKwU NUbv| 1921 mv‡ji 4 GwcÖj KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg cÖ_gevi

Kzwgjøvi Kvw›`icvo GjvKvq †mb¸ß cwiev‡i wM‡q nVvr nvwRi n‡qwQ‡jb| wZwb †mevi wQ‡jb †`ŠjZcyi wbevmx bejä m½x Avjx AvKei Lv‡bi m‡½ mdiiZ AwZw_| ZvB w`bK‡qK c‡iB wZwb †`ŠjZcy‡i iIbv nb| †mLv‡b wZwb Gici †gvU 71 w`b GKUvbv KvUvb| A_©vr cÖvq gvm`y‡qK Kv‡jiI †ewk| wKš‘ cÖ_geviB Kwei m‡½ cwiPq N‡U Kvw›`icvo †mb¸ß cwiev‡ii †R¨ô m`m¨ emšÍKzgvi †mb¸‡ßi Kb¨v wK‡kvix AvkvjZvi (Rb¥ : 10 †g 1908) m‡½| Rbbx wMwievjv †`ex wQ‡jb emšÍKzgv‡ii wØZxq ¯¿x| cÖ_g ¯¿x AKv‡j cÖqvZ nb| wMwievjv‡K Zvici emšÍKzgvi weevn K‡ib| wKš‘ we‡qi gvÎ eQi‡`‡oK c‡i emšÍKzgviI cÖqvZ n‡qwQ‡jb| bRiæ‡ji m‡½ hLb AvkvjZvi cwiPq N‡U, ZLb Zvi eqm gvÎ eQi †Z‡iv-†Pv‡Ïv| Avgvq gyRd&di Avng` Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb †h, `yywj‡K IB eq‡mB hyeZx †g‡qi g‡Zv jvMZ| Zvi †`‡ni Mob wQj e‡ovm‡ov| †hŠe‡bi jÿY Zvi †`nveq‡e ZLbB my¯úó n‡q D‡VwQj| gvm`yB c‡i 18 Ryb 1921 †`ŠjZcyi †_‡K fvOv gb wb‡q we‡q Amgvß †i‡L Kwe †mb¸ß cwiev‡ii ivOv`v A_©vr

47

ex‡i‡bi m‡½ `xN©c_ cv‡q †nu‡U Kvw›`icv‡o cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡ib| ZvwiLwU ¯§iYxq| †Kbbv Av‡Mi w`b cÖ_g iv‡ÎB bvwM©‡mi m‡½ we‡qi Av‡qvRb †f‡O hvIqvi ci †Mvc‡b Kwe Kvw›`icv‡o iIbv n‡qwQ‡jb| 7 RyjvB ZvwiL ch©šÍ Kwe wbt¯^ Ae¯’vq †mb¸ß cwiev‡ii AvwkÖZ n‡q KvUv‡Z eva¨ nb| Lei †c‡q KjKvZv †_‡K Kwei myü` gyRd&di Avng` A_© msMÖn K‡i bRiæj‡K 8 RyjvB Kzwgjøv †_‡K m‡½ K‡i KjKvZvq wdwi‡q Avb‡Z mg_© n‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ gvmwZ‡bK ev‡`B Kzwgjøvq bRiæ‡ji wØZxqevi nVvr c`vc©Y N‡UwQj| b‡f¤^i gv‡mi Z…Zxq mßv‡n Kzwgjøvi Kvw›`icv‡o wZwb †mb¸ß cwiev‡i Dcw¯’Z nb| AvKw¯§K GKvKx †mB mdiKv‡ji †gqv` wQj gvmLv‡bK| Bsj‡Ûi hyeivR wcÖÝ Ae I‡qj‡mi 17 b‡f¤^i fviZ AvMgb Dcj‡ÿ Ks‡MÖ‡mi Wv‡K cÖwZev`¯^iƒc mviv fviZRy‡o 17 b‡f¤^i niZv‡ji WvK †`Iqv nq| Kzwgjøv kn‡i GB Dcj‡ÿ 21 b‡f¤^i niZvj cvj‡bi Av‡qvRb n‡jv| Kzwgjøvq nvwRi n‡q ¯^qs bRiæjI Zv‡Z kvwgj n‡jb| bRiæ‡ji Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Kzwgjøvi ZiæY m¤úÖ`vq †mB we‡ÿvf wgwQ‡j †g‡Z D‡VwQj| Kzwgjøvi †PŠÏMÖv‡gi Ks‡MÖm †bZv myfvlP‡›`ªi mwPe AvdZveyj Bmjvg G-Dcj‡ÿ GKwU Mvb wj‡L w`‡Z Aby‡iva Ki‡j Kwe Zv wj‡LI †`b| wgwQ‡j MvbwU h_vixwZ bRiæ‡ji myiv‡ivc‡b MvIqv nq| Zv‡Z †bZ…Z¡ `vb K‡ib ¯^qs bRiæj| †mevi bRiæ‡ji †jLv bZzb bZzb Mvb wgwUs-wgwQ‡j Kzwgjøvi hyeK I hyeZxiv wbqwgZ MvB‡Zb| GgbwK, †mb¸ß cwiev‡ii †Q‡j‡g‡qivI Zv‡Z cÖvqB Ask wb‡Zb| †mme Mv‡bi g‡a¨ wQj Ñ ÔAvwR i³ wbwk †fv‡i GKxÕ (e›`xe›`bv), ÔG †Kvb cvMj cw_K Qy‡U GjÕ (cvMj cw_K), ÔGm Gm Gm I‡Mv giYÕ (giY eiY) Ges ÔN‡ii evwni n‡qv bv AviÕ (RvMiYx) BZ¨vw`| GB Dcj‡ÿ hyeiv‡Ri AvMgb‡K wa°vi Rvwb‡q bRiæj wj‡LwQ‡jb Mvb Ñ wfÿv `vI †n cyievmx mšÍvb Øv‡i Dcevmx, `vI gvbeZv wfÿv `vI| B›`ªKzgvi I Zuvi cwiev‡ii mK‡jB wQ‡jb ixwZg‡Zv ms¯‹…wZgbv| †ivRB cÖvq †m-mgq Kvw›`icv‡o emšÍ gRyg`v‡ii ˆeVKLvbvq emZ Mv‡bi Avmi| Kzwgjøvi ¯’vbxq MvqK-MvwqKvi `j †mLv‡b wbqwgZ G‡m Zv‡Z †hvM w`Z| we‡klZ bRiæj Kzwgjøvq G‡j †m-Avmi cwic~Y© n‡q DVZ| GiB gva¨‡g Kzwgjøvi me©Î bRiæ‡ji bvg I L¨vwZ Qwo‡q co‡Z _v‡K| we‡kl K‡i Avm‡i †gŠjfxcvovi Rv‡b Avjg †PŠayix, wÎcyiv gnviv‡Ri †cŠÎ Kzgvi kPxb †`eeg©b, `v‡ivMvevwoi †gvnv¤§` †nv‡mb Lmiæ, †gvZvnvi †nv‡mb †PŠayix, K‡jRco–qv myjZvb gvngy` gRyg`vi I ¯’vbxq msMxZ mgv‡Ri wbqwgZ Dcw¯’wZ Aek¨B D‡jøL‡hvM¨| Kzwgjøvi msMxZ mgv‡Ri Ae`vb ej‡Z ZLb †evSvZ wkíx Ávb `Ë, mZ¨ e·x, D¯Ív` gn¤§` †nv‡mb Luv, kPx›`ªbv_ `Ë (wngvsï `‡Ëi e‡ovfvB I msMxZ wkÿv¸iæ), my‡i›`ªbvivqY `vm, my‡ik PµeZx©, k¨vgvPiY `Ë I gvqv †mb¸‡ßi g‡Zv wkíxe„›`| ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM w`‡q ivOv`v wkÿKZvi PvKwi †Q‡o †`b| c‡i mvsevw`KZvi Kv‡R †hvM w`‡Z eva¨ nb| bRiæ‡ji Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ iPbvi ci †mB †`kvbyivM †mb¸ß cwievi‡K AwZwi³ Aby‡cÖiYv †RvMv‡Z Aek¨B mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj| †mb¸ß evwo‡Z emšÍKzgv‡ii Kb¨v AvkvjZv ev

48

†`v‡jbvB wK‡kvix‡`i g‡a¨ e‡ov| wZwb Mvb fv‡jvev‡mb| †Mvc‡b KweZvi cÖwZ Zuvi AvMÖn bRiæj‡K †c‡q Av‡iv cÖkÖq †c‡Z _v‡Kb| Kwei †mb¸ß cwiev‡i _vKvKv‡j †`Lv‡kvbv I dvBdigvk LvUvi fvi ZvB wbtk‡ã wZwb wb‡Ri nv‡Z Zz‡j wb‡Z wØav K‡ibwb| †`ŠjZcyi †_‡K ÿzä I AcgvwbZ Kwe we‡qi Avmi †Q‡o wbtk‡ã †hw`b †Mvc‡b `xN©c_ ivOv`vi m‡½ †nu‡U Kvw›`icv‡o wd‡i G‡mwQ‡jb ZLb wZwb `ye©j, Amy¯’| †m-mgq Zuvi †`Lfvj I †mev-ïkÖƒlvi me `vwqZ¡ †¯^”Qvi wb‡Ri nv‡Z Avcb ¯^fv‡ei ¸‡Y †`v‡jbvB Zz‡j wb‡qwQ‡jb| cÖej R¡‡i AvµvšÍ Amnvq bRiæj ZLb Aj‡ÿ wK‡kvix `ywji Ici †mevh‡Zœi e¨vcv‡i wbf©ikxj n‡q c‡ob| †m-mgq `ywjI gb-cÖvY w`‡q †mev-ïkÖƒlv K‡i Amnvq Kwei cv‡k wb‡R‡K Aj‡ÿ-ARv‡šÍ AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡iwQ‡jb| IB mgq AvkvjZvi †QvU `yB †evb (LyiZz‡Zv) Kgjv (ev”Pz) I AÄwj (Rqy) wQj Zvi m½x| Zv‡`i `v`v ivOv`v ZLb wQ‡jb evwoi AwZw_ bRiæ‡ji ¯’vbxq Awffve‡Ki g‡Zv| mfvq-m‡¤§j‡b bRiæj wQ‡jb ZuviB Ici wbf©ikxj| †Mvovq ivOv`v wQ‡jb Kwei MvBW| †Mvcb wecøex `‡ji m‡½ Zuvi wQj †hvMv‡hvM| wKš‘ IB c‡e©B bRiæj †hme KweZv, Mvb ev Ab¨vb¨ iPbv m„wó K‡iwQ‡jb Zvi cÖ_g I †Mvcb cvVK wQ‡jb ¯^qs

Kwei Nwbô mvwbœa¨ I Kvwe¨K gy»Zv †mw`b AvkvjZv‡K †h µgk cÖfvweZ K‡iwQj Zv‡Z m‡›`n †bB| ü`‡qi †Mvcb D”Q¡vm cÖKv‡k¨ aiv bv w`‡jI fv‡jvevmvi †Mvcb wein msev`UzKz aiv w`w”Qj Zuvi GKv‡šÍ m„ó Mv‡b I KweZvq| †mB wK‡kvix `ywj| ej‡Z †M‡j †mme bZzb KweZv Zuv‡K AbycÖvwYZ KiZ| Kwe‡K bv Rvwb‡q AvkvjZv ZvB cÖvqB wb‡R Avcbg‡b KweZv gK&‡kv Ki‡Zb| evwo‡Z A‡b‡KB Zv †Mvovq †Ui cvqwb| bRiæ‡ji KweZvi cÖwZ wbweo AbyivM Zuvi g‡b ZLb cÖfve we¯Ívi Ki‡Z _v‡K| †Mvc‡b Kve¨PP©v m¤¢eZ Zuvi †mB AbyivMRwbZ cÖeYZvi dj| 1921 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡ii †kl mßv‡n iwPZ HwZnvwmK KweZv Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ wK‡kvix `ywji g‡bI cy‡ei †`k Kzwgjøvq cÖej †XD Zzj‡Z mg_© n‡qwQj| Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ iPbvi gvmLv‡bK c‡i †deªæqvwi (1922) gv‡mi †Mvovq Kzwgjøvq cybivq c`vc©Y NUj bRiæ‡ji| †meviB Kzwgjøvq GKUvbv cÖvq gvmPv‡iK Kwe †mb¸ß cwiev‡i KvwU‡qwQ‡jb| Ryb gv‡m bRiæj KjKvZvq wd‡i hvb| `xN© G-mgq Kwei Ae¯’v‡bi d‡j wK‡kvix AvkvjZvI Kwei wbweo ms¯ú‡k© Avmvi my‡hvM †c‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi Kve¨PP©v Kwei Aby‡gv`‡b †cÖiYv jvf K‡i| KweI AvkvjZv‡K g‡b †i‡L Kzwgjøvi L¨vwZ a‡i iv‡Lb Zuvi ÔweRwqbxÕ KweZvq| Gi Av‡MB Kzwgjøvq Kwe wj‡LwQ‡jb Zuvi weL¨vZ KweZv ÔcÖj‡qvjøvmÕ| ÔweRwqbxÕ KweZvwU Mvb wn‡m‡e †gvm‡jg fviZ cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ nq (†cŠl 1332)| ÔweRwqbxÕi iPbvKvj AMÖnvqY 1328, Kzwgjøv| PZz_©evi Kwe †Mvc‡b †di Kzwgjøvq cvwo †`b| ZvwiLwU wQj 22 b‡f¤^i, 1922| ZLb Kwe a~g‡KZz cwÎKvi m¤úv`K| wbR¯^ gvwjKvbvaxb cÖ _ g cwÎKv bRiæ‡ji

a~g‡KZzi cÖKvkKvj 12 AvM÷, 1922| Kzwgjøvq †mevi Aek¨ bRiæ‡ji AvMg‡bi KviY miKvwi wb‡lavÁvi d‡j a~g‡KZz Awd‡m cywj‡ki AK¯§vr nvbv (8 b‡f¤^i)| Kzwgjøv †_‡KB cywjk Ae‡k‡l 23 b‡f¤^i, 1922 m¤úv`K Kwe bRiæj‡K †MÖdZvi K‡i| 24 b‡f¤^i Kwe‡K KjKvZvq wb‡q Avmv nq| bRiæ‡ji †kl mdi Kzwgjøvi Kvw›`icv‡o 1923 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡i| †Rj †_‡K gy³ nIqvi ci (15 wW‡m¤^i) wZwb wbtk‡ã 18 wW‡m¤^i KvD‡K wKQy bv Rvwb‡q †Mvc‡b †klevi Kzwgjøvq iIbv nb| †meviI Kzwgjøvq Mgb I †mb¸ß cwiev‡i Ae¯’v‡bi KviY Av‡M ev c‡i Kwe KL‡bv e¨vL¨vI K‡ibwb| Zuvi †mB †Mvcb Awfmvice© †kl ch©šÍ AšÍiv‡j i‡q †M‡Q| †Kv‡bv GK AKw_Z `ywb©evi AvKl©YB m¤¢eZ GB AvZ¥‡Mvc‡bi †K›`ªwe›`y| A‡b‡Ki aviYv, Kwei Z…Zxqevi Kzwgjøv md‡ii AwfÁZv (†deªæqvwi 1922) †gv‡UB myLKi nqwb| GKUvbv Pvi gvm Z…Zxqevi mdiKv‡j Kvw›`icv‡o †mb¸ß cwiev‡i Ae¯’vb Ges cwiev‡ii Kv‡iv m‡½ AwaK NwbôZv A‡b‡KiB gbtcyZ wQj bv| Awb”Qvq Zuv‡K †kl ch©šÍ eva¨ n‡q wbtk‡ã KjKvZvq wd‡i †h‡Z n‡qwQj| hš¿Yvwe× Kwe Zvici Avi Kzwgjøvgy‡Lv nbwb| Kzwgjøvq e‡m †jLv bRiæ‡ji †m-mg‡qi wePv‡i wfbœ ai‡bi KweZv ÔweRwqbxÕi iPbvKvj AMÖnvqY 1328, A_©vr b‡f¤^i-wW‡m¤^i gv‡mi †Kv‡bv GK mg‡q| †m-eQi †cŠl (1328) gv‡m KweZv †gvm‡jg fvi‡Z Qvcv n‡qwQj| c‡i Zv Kwei QvqvbU Kve¨MÖ‡š’ ¯’vb cvq| GB KweZvq Zuvi g‡bi f‚‡MvjwU ¯úó n‡q aiv c‡o| Zuvi ¯^xKv‡ivw³, ÔI‡Mv Rxeb-†`wL!/ Avgvq †`‡L KLb Zzwg †dj‡j †Pv‡Li Rj,/ AvR wek¦-Rqxi wecyj †`Dj ZvB‡Z Ujgj|Õ wek¦Rqxi wecyj †`Dj †h mwZ¨ Ujgj n‡qwQj Zv wZwb †mB KweZvq ¯^xKviI K‡iwQ‡jb| KjKvZvi Nwbô eÜziv †KD †KD Zuvi KweZvi g‡a¨ g‡bi †Mvcb evZ©vi myi †Ui †c‡qwQ‡jb| Kzwgjøvi †Pbv MÖvg¨ wK‡kvixi †Pv‡L Kwei we¯§q Avi gy»Zvi wSwjK µgk Avwe®‹vi Ki‡Z †mw`b †`wi nqwb| †e`bv, wbtm½Zv Avi †Mvcb fv‡jvevmvi Bw½Z †hb Df‡qB Abyfe Ki‡Z †mBc‡e© mg_© n‡qwQ‡jb| ÔweRwqbxÕ‡Z ZviB QvqvcvZ cÖZ¨ÿ n‡q aiv w`‡qwQj| Kwei Nwbô mvwbœa¨ I Kvwe¨K gy»Zv †mw`b AvkvjZv‡K †h µgk cÖfvweZ K‡iwQj Zv‡Z m‡›`n †bB| ü`‡qi †Mvcb D”Q¡vm cÖKv‡k¨ aiv bv w`‡jI fv‡jvevmvi †Mvcb wein msev`UzKz aiv w`w”Qj Zuvi GKv‡šÍ m„ó Mv‡b I KweZvq| GKvwaKevi Kwei Kzwgjøvi Kvw›`icv‡o Ae¯’vb ce©¸wj AvkvjZvi wK‡kvix g‡b †h KZ Mfxifv‡e AbyiwYZ n‡qwQj Zvi cÖZ¨ÿ cÖgvY †mme ˆbtk‡ã¨i KweZv I Zvi †Mvcb Abykxjb ce©| cÖm½Z, IB c‡e© iwPZ AvkvjZvi (†`v‡jbv) †ekwKQy iPbv wewfbœ cÎ-cwÎKvq Qvcv n‡qwQj| D`vniY¯^iƒc `ywU KweZvi K_v D‡jøL Kiv hvq| GB `ywU KweZv †mKv‡j wØgvwmK mvwnZ¨ cwÎKv mvg¨ev`x‡Z h_vµ‡g ˆekvL msL¨v 1332 I Avlvp 1332 msL¨vq cÖKvwkZ nq| KweZv`ywU n‡jv :

kw¼Zv

AvkvjZv †mb¸ß †Kb AvwR cÖvY gg †e`bvq wenŸj †Kb AvwR AKvi‡Y †Pv‡L Av‡m Rj \ mܨvi mgxiY û û K‡i e‡q hvq

e‡q hvq †gvi gb K‡i †Kb nvq nvq| †Kb †e`bvq gg eyK AvwR Kw¤úZ †K Rv‡b †Mv wnqv gv‡S KZ e¨_v mwÂZ \ †ejv †k‡l bxwjgvq †P‡q Av‡Q AwbwgL& †K Qov‡jv we`v‡qi wm›`yi Pvwiw`K| wKQyB eywS bv nvq †Kb cÖvY fvivZzi †K w`j ü`‡q †eu‡a gjøvi-ivMmyi| g‡b nq, G wbwL‡j †Kn bvB, bvB †gvi Zzwg e‡jv wK mܨv, †Kn bvB, bvB †Zvi \

(mvg¨ev`x, ˆekvL 1332)

KiæYv

AvkvjZv †mb¸ß †mB fv‡jv Zzwg hvI wd‡i hvI †gvi myL wbwk n‡q‡Q †fvi †m‡a †m‡a †Ku‡` _vwK cv‡q †eu‡a †f‡m‡Q †m fzj wQuwowj †Wvi \ Rb‡gi g‡Zv fz‡j hvI †gv‡i mwnZ bxi‡e hvI `~‡i m‡i KiæYv Kwiqv `uvov‡qvbv †`v‡i cvlvY G wnqv euvwae †Mv \ wPiw`b Avwg _vwKe †Zvgvi Kuvw`‡e †envM K‡É Avgvi Avcwb GKjv KZ ¯§„wZnvi Muvw_e wQuwoe Kuvw`e †Mv \ cÖvY bvwn Pvq `v‡q †V‡K Avmv GKUz Av`i wKQy fvjevmv PvBbv‡Kv Avwg Ny‡gi Kzqvkv _vKzK Rov‡q bq‡b †gvi \ †`vl K‡i _vwK ÿg †gv‡i ÿg myLx nI Zzwg cÖv_©bv gg Pvwnbv‡Kv myL, wfLvixi mg

†mB fv‡jv Zzwg nI K‡Vvi \ (mvg¨ev`x, Avlvp 1332) Zuvi mg¯Í †jLvB †mB c‡e© AvkvjZv †mb¸ß bv‡g cÖKvwkZ n‡Zv| cwievi I cwiRb‡`i Kv‡Q wZwb Ô†`v‡jbvÕ I Ô`ywjÕ bv‡gB †ewk cwiwPZ wQ‡jb| AvZ¥xq¯^Rb I cÖwZ‡ekxivI mvaviYZ Zuv‡K `ywj bv‡gB m‡¤^vab Ki‡Zb| 1922 mv‡ji AvM÷ gv‡m a~g‡KZz cwÎKv (mßv‡n `yevi) cÖKv‡ki ci wcÖq¤^`v †`ex, cÖfvgqx †`ex, Awgqevjv e‡›`¨vcva¨vq, we›`yevwmbx ivq ev wg‡mm Avi Gm †nv‡mb cÖgyL gwnjv Kwe ev †jL‡Ki iPbv bRiæj wbqwgZ Qvcv‡jI cÖgxjv ev AvkvjZvi iPbv ZL‡bv Zv‡Z Qvcv nqwb| hw`I 1921 mv‡ji GwcÖj gv‡mB Kwei Kvw›`icv‡o cÖ_g hvZvqvZ I Ae¯’vb ïiæ n‡qwQj| e¨wZµg †Kej weiRv my›`ix †`ex A_©vr cÖgxjvi KvwKgv, whwb wQ‡jb evwoi cÖavb B›`ªKzgvi †mb¸‡ßi ¯¿x| wZwb a~g‡KZz cwÎKvq Ôbvix Kj¨vYÕ bv‡g GKwU `xN© iPbv cÖKvk K‡iwQ‡jb (cÖ_g el©, cÖ_g msL¨v, 11 AvM÷ 1922)| Aek¨ wK‡kvix `ywji eqm wQj ZLb gvÎ †Pv‡Ïv eQi| r

49

kÖ×vÄwj

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jvBwji gv, gRby, nviæ †Pvi, iR‡ei evcmn ev‡QZ wgqvi mncvVx Lv‡`gI Av‡m| weovj-KzKiz I K‡qKUv Ry‡U hvq| we‡klZ †h-KzKiz Uv mvivw`b GKUv †LwKKzK‡z ii †cQ‡b cÖPiz mgq †`q, mvivw`b †WwUs K‡i, Avwk¦b ev KvwZ©K gv‡mi A‡cÿvq †LwK‡K mgq †`q, Zv‡K cÖ¯Z ‘ K‡i †Zv‡j, †mI m½x †Q‡o P‡j Av‡m Avi †jR bvov‡Z _v‡K ewkiæ‡ji KvÐKviLvbv †`‡L| †gviM-gyiwM SUcU K‡i Wvbv SvcUvq Avi giv †cqviv Mv‡Qi Wv‡j wM‡q e‡m| Z‡e, ewkiæj g~jZ gvivi Awfbq K‡i, gv‡i bv, gyLUvB A¯¿ wn‡m‡e Pvjvq; Qy‡U Qy‡U hvq Avi Zv‡K Akøxj K_v ejvi cÖwZ‡kva wb‡Z AkøxjZv wb‡q wb‡Ri mg¯Í cÖwZfv Kv‡R jvMvq; ïiæ n‡q hvq gnv wLw¯Í‡LDoce©| gwnjv‡`i SMov wel‡q MÖv‡gi me‡P‡q hvi L¨vwZ †mB jvBwji gv ewkiæ‡ji MvwjMvjvR ï‡b _ †g‡i hvq, Zvi we¯§qKi nuv-Kiv gy‡L gvwQ hvIqvi Dcµg nq| Kvh©Z ewkiæj‡K †KD _vgv‡Z Pvq bv ev cv‡i bv ev _vgv‡Z fz‡j hvq| ewkiæj gvwU‡Z mR‡bi Wvj †Rv‡i Nv w`‡j Wvj mn¨ÿgZv nvwi‡q wØLwÐZ n‡q hvq| Z‡e gyL P‡j wVKg‡Zv; Av‡i Mvp gvivwb, Mvp gvivevi RvqMv cvI bv, hvI _vbvq hvI, Zzgvi Rwb¨ me Zzgvi †n gvivi Rwb¨ ewm Av‡Q| jvBwji gv MÖv‡gi gwnjvgn‡ji me‡P‡q †ewk Lei iv‡L, GB K‡iB Zvi w`b Kv‡U| †Q‡ji eD Avmvi ci Zvi Av‡iv evMvZ n‡q‡Q; †Kv‡bv KvRKvg †bB, mvivw`b cvovq cvovq †Uv‡Uv K‡i Ny‡i †eovq, Avi Gi K_v I‡K jvwM‡q SMov-d¨vmv` evavq| GLv‡b SMov †h‡nZz Av‡M †_‡K †j‡MB Av‡Q ZvB †m †Kv‡bv KvR Ly‡u R cvq bv, Kx K‡i? Kx ev e‡j? †m nv‡Rivi gy‡Li w`‡K ZvKvq, Zv‡K covi †Póv K‡i| Lv‡`g GKw`K w`‡q Zvi fvïig‡Zv nq, †mw`‡K †m Lye fv‡e bv| †m nv‡Riv‡K e‡j, Zv, nv‡Riv, †Zvi †Zv †e n‡jv K‡qK gvm, GiB gw`¨ MЇMvj cvKvwj| Avi cvKvwe hLb ZLb †e Kiwj K¨vb? ev‡QZ wgqvi †Zv eD †U‡K bv †m †Zv Rvbv KZv, ZvB †R‡bB †Zv Avmwj, Zv GKUz mn¨-ah© Ki| †P‡Z DwVm K¨vb| †m g~jZ nv‡Riv‡K Av‡iv DËß Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj, Z‡e Zvi K_vq nv‡Riv D‡ËwRZ n‡jv bv, Z‡e Avmi Mig _vK‡jv Av‡Mi g‡Zv| Zvi Dc‡`kg~jK kvšÍ K_vevZ©v ï‡b mevB AevK n‡q hvq| gRby AevK nq, nviæ †Pvi AevK n‡q hvq| Lv‡`g GwM‡q G‡m ewkiæ‡ji KvQ †_‡K wØLwÐZ mRb‡i Wv‡ji jvwV wb‡q †bq| Zvi ey‡Ki Kv‡Qi Ici euv-nvZ †i‡L I‡K Ab¨w`‡K mwi‡q wb‡Z †Póv K‡i| †m evav †`q bv| Z‡e †m wPrKvi K‡i e‡j, gvwMi KZ eo Av¯ú`©v †`wLwPm, Avgv‡K Mvwj †`q; I‡i Avwg †dwo d¨vjv‡evwb| Lv‡`g I‡K _vgvq| Zv‡K `nwjR N‡i ewm‡q †i‡L Av‡m| nviæ †Pvi, gRby nv‡Rivi mvg‡b `uvwo‡q _v‡K| †m LvwbKUv VvÛv GLb| RvgMv‡Qi Zjvq GKUz Qvqv _vK‡jI Mig Kg jv‡M bv †gv‡U| nv‡Riv‡K jvBwji gv †h ZË¡-Dc‡`k w`‡qwQj †mw`‡K nv‡Riv g‡b nq †Kv‡bv Kvb †`qwb, bv n‡j †m †Zv †Kv‡bv K_vi Reve bv w`‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i bv, K‡ivi gy‡Li w`‡K ZvwK‡q †m †Pvcv eÜ Ki‡e †m av‡Zi †g‡q †m bq| †m Av‡iv `y‡Uv wgb‡mi Ni K‡i ev Ni †f‡O ev‡QZ wgqvi m‡½ wb‡K‡Z e‡mwQj| †Zv jvBwji gv wb‡R‡K ¸iæZ¡cY~ © K‡i †Zvjvi my‡hvM bv †c‡q †ePvBb n‡q c‡o| †m Av‡Mi c‡ÿi ¯^vgx‡K bvKvwb-Pzevwb LvB‡q c‡ii ¯^vgxi Ni Ki‡Z G‡m Zv‡K fv‡jvfv‡e Zvi bvMv‡j Avb‡Z †c‡i‡Q| cvovq Zvi GKUv fv‡jv mybvg Av‡Q| Zvi †Kv‡bv cÖgvY †m AvR w`‡Z cv‡i bv e‡j Aw¯’i n‡q c‡o| †m GZÿ‡Y A‡bK wPšÍv K‡i GKUv †gvÿg cÖkœ Qy‡o †`q nv‡Rivi w`‡K : Zvwj Zzwg, AvRwK †Kb GZ PwU †Mwj, Zzgvi mv‡_ ev‡QZ wgqv Kx e¨vfvi Ki‡jv †h, Zzwg cvovq †eiæB co‡j? Zzgvi Kx Ggb n‡jv †h, Zzgv‡K _vbvq hvwZ n‡e? Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wecvi †bB †Zv? nv‡Riv LvwbKUv fv‡e Kx e‡j‡e Zv wb‡q| we‡qi Qq-mvZ gv‡mi g‡a¨ Zvi GB Ae¯’vi Rb¨ †m

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wb‡R‡K `vqx K‡i bv, Zey msmvi fvO‡j me †`vl co‡e eD‡qi Nv‡o Ñ GB mgv‡Ri wbqg, Kv‡RB †m mveav‡b G‡Mv‡Z Pvq, Z‡e cv‡i bv| Pviw`‡K A‡bK †jvKRb; G‡`i mvg‡b Bwb‡qwewb‡q K_v ejvi †P‡q _vbvq wM‡q GKevi ej‡jB ev‡QZ wgqv Rã n‡e| Z‡e jvBwji gv Zvi w`‡K wb®újK ZvwK‡q _v‡K DËi cvIqvi Rb¨ Ges Zvi †Pv‡L cweÎ R¡vjvgqx †µva, Zvi aviYv, nv‡Riv Ab¨vqfv‡e ev‡QZ wgqvi bv‡g bvwjk K‡i‡Q| Lv‡`g ewkiæj‡K evwoi †fZ‡i wb‡q †M‡jI ewkiæ‡ji eD †mLv‡bB wQj| †mI jvBwji gvi g‡Zv iYg~wZ© aviY K‡i nv‡Rivi mvg‡b `uvwo‡q _v‡K| Avi †cvjvcv‡biv, hviv MvjvMvwj-wPrKvi ï‡b cywójvf KiwQj, Zviv P‡j hvIqvi †Kv‡bv jÿY †`Lvq bv, eis Mfxi AvMÖn wb‡q `uvwo‡q _v‡K| Ab¨ `k©‡Kiv A_©vr gRby nviæ †Pvi h_vixwZ mg¯Í NUbvµg Mfxifv‡e ch©‡eÿY K‡i| Zviv †Kv‡bv gšÍe¨ K‡i bv| iR‡ei evc eq¯‹ n‡jI NUbvi m‡½ RwoZ n‡Z Pvq bv| †m ev‡QZ wgqvi ev‡ci m‡½ Nwbô wQj, Zv‡`i evwo‡Z wbqwgZ †hZ| ev‡QZ wgqv m¤ú‡K© †m fv‡jv K‡i Rv‡b| cÖ_g hLb ev‡QZ wgqvi we‡q nq, hy‡×i Av‡M ZLb iR‡ei evc we‡q‡Z wQj bvbvb Kv‡R| †m-we‡q K‡qK eQi †U‡K| GKUv dzUdz‡U †g‡q n‡qwQj ev‡QZ wgqvi| Aí eq‡m wbD‡gvwbqv n‡q †g‡qUv gviv †Mj| cviæ Lye my›`ix wQj| ev‡QZ wgqvi GB msmvi Lye Avb‡›`i wQj e‡j mevB g‡b K‡i| iR‡ei ev‡ciI ZvB g‡b nq| hyׇk‡l ev‡QZ wgqv evwo wd‡i Avi cviæ‡K cvqwb| cviæ wbiæ‡Ïk n‡qwQj, ev‡ci evwo‡Z Zv‡K cvIqv hvqwb| MÖv‡g †Rvi ¸Re wQj, ivRvKvi AvjZvc Zv‡K †KŠk‡j ˆeKvwi nvbv`vi evwnbxi K¨v‡¤ú wb‡q hvq| K¨v‡¤ú †Zv ivRvKvi AvjZvc A‡bK †g‡q‡Q‡j‡K wb‡q †M‡Q, Z‡e cviæ‡K wb‡q wM‡qwQj wK bv Zv †KD †Rvi K‡i ej‡Z cv‡i bv| cviæi k¦ïi-kvïwo ev GKgvÎ bb` iwgQv †KD G-m¤ú‡K© wKQy ej‡Z cv‡i bv| KLb †m †Mj, †Kv_vq †Mj, Kvi m‡½ †Mj, K‡e †Mj! GKw`b mKv‡j Kv‡Ki Zxeª wPrKv‡i iwgQvi Nyg fvO‡j †m †PvL Wj‡Z Wj‡Z fvwei N‡ii w`‡K hvq fvwe‡K WvKvi Rb¨| Ab¨w`b fvwei m‡½ Nygvq| Kvj †m Kx g‡b K‡i Nygvqwb| †m †`‡L fvwei Ni duvKv| GZ mKv‡j cvqLvbvq hvIqvi K_v bq| †mB †_‡K cviæ †bB| cviæ †m-mgq †g‡q I ¯^vgx nviv‡bvq Mfxifv‡e †kvKvnZ wQj| Zvi gvbwmK Ae¯’viI AebwZ N‡UwQj| Avð‡h©i e¨vcvi, b¨vjv‡fvjv †evKv‡mvKv w¯’i ev‡QZ wgqv mncvVx nvbœv‡bi m‡½ GKiKg webv evK¨e¨‡q G-mgq hy‡× P‡j hvq| nvbœvb‡K †evSv‡Z nqwb| †evKv ev‡QZ wgqv Kxfv‡e †hb welqUvi Zvrch© eyS‡Z †c‡iwQj| hy‡× hvIqvi mgq evev Lye KvbœvKvwU Ki‡jI hy‡× †h‡Z Zv‡K wb‡la K‡iwb| gv cÖPÐ evav w`‡qwQj, Z‡e ¯^vgxi wec‡ÿ hvIqvi mvnm Zvi wQj bv| cviæ‡K ev‡QZ wgqv me e‡jwQj ¸wQ‡q, †m ZLb †g‡q nvwi‡q w`‡knviv| ¯^vgxi gy‡Li w`‡K A‡bKÿY ZvwK‡q wQj d¨vjd¨vj K‡i, gy‡L wKQy e‡jwb| Z‡e Zvi `y‡Pv‡Li †Kvbvq AkÖæKYv R¡‡jwQj D¾¡j n‡q| Avi iv‡Zi Auvav‡i hvIqvi mgq iwgQv Nywg‡q wQj, Zv‡K †KD e‡jwb| Zvi NygI fv‡Owb| ev‡QZ wgqv Zv‡K KL‡bv e‡jwQj wK bv Rvbv hvq bv| Z‡e †m c‡i me Rvb‡Z cv‡i, bvbv gvby‡li K_vevZ©v †_‡K| nv‡Riv iR‡ei evc‡KI mgxn K‡i bv, †m jvBwji gv I ewkiæ‡ji eD‡qi mvg‡b wÿcÖfv‡e Zvi K_v ej‡Z wM‡q Wvb cv DuPz K‡i gvwU‡Z †XuwK‡Z cvo †`Iqvi g‡Zv †Rv‡i jvw_ gv‡i| Kvi D‡Ï‡k gv‡i †evSv gykwKj| Z‡e †m wnmveg‡Zv jvBwji gvi D‡Ï‡k GB KvR K‡i; Zvi Ic‡i Zvi ivM †ewk nq, hw`I ewkiæj †g¤^vi Zv‡K †ewk MvjvMvj K‡i‡Q| †m e‡j, †kvb, Zzgvi fvZv‡ii wecvi Zzwg †evR, Avgvi fvZv‡ii wecvi Avgv‡K eyRwZ †`I; w`‡bi ci w`b nvivgRv`v GKB bvUK K‡i| Avwg A‡bK mn¨ K‡iwQ Avi Ki‡ev bv, Zzgiv †KD Avgvi we‡Pi Kiev bv, nvivgRv`v‡i wk‡ÿ w`‡e bv †mWv Avwg Lye fv‡jv K‡iB Rvwb| ZvB Avwg _vbvq hv‡ev|

kqZvb| iv‡Z hv ivbœv Kwi †Kvb duv‡K me †Lwq-†`wq nuvwo Dcyo K‡i †iwL GKw`‡K nuvUv ïiæ K‡i; Avwg cvwb-Uvwb †Lwq ï‡q _vwK| Avi ivbœv Ki‡Z B‡”Q K‡i bv| mKv‡j D‡V Avjy w`‡q Wvj w`‡q †gjv Kwi wLPzwo ivbœv Kwi| wgb‡m †Kvb duv‡K Avevi me †Lwq-†`wq GK Lvcjv _y w`‡q nuvwo Dcyo Kwi iv‡L| Avwg nq‡Zv KvV LyR u ‡Z wMwQ, wgb‡m GB duv‡K me mvevo K‡i w`‡q Pwj †Mj| Avjøvi cÖvq mc w`‡b GB Kvg K‡i| Avwg †h I‡K euwU w`‡q Lyb K‡i †dwjwb GB †Zv Ii Kcvj| wK‡mi gyw³‡dŠR, Avwg GBme wPwb, Iiv Kcv‡j `ytLy Av‡Q Avwg Kjvg| GB ch©šÍ e‡j †m _v‡g| jvBwji gv, ewkiæ‡ji eD DfqB UvmwK Lvq Zvi K_v ï‡b| Zviv †Zv fvZv‡ii Ni K‡i| GiKg fvZv‡ii K_v †Zv Zviv ev‡ci Rb‡g †kv‡bwb| Zviv †Zv GiKg †Kv‡bv Mí Zvi gy‡L Avkv K‡iwb| me Lvevi duvKZv‡j †Lwq ¯^vgx mU‡K c‡o GWv Avevi Kx iKg fvZvi? nviæ‡Pvi nv‡Rivi gy‡Li w`‡K ZL‡bv nuv-K‡i ZvwK‡q _v‡K| Zvi Pzwii we`¨v Zv‡K we›`ygvÎ mvnvh¨ K‡i bv e‡j †m †ek nZvk nq| ZZÿ‡Y Lv‡`g wd‡i G‡m nv‡Rivi me e„ËvšÍ ï‡b †d‡j| gRby ev nviæ‡Pvi GL‡bv ch©šÍ †Kv‡bv K_v ejvi †Póv K‡iwb| Avm‡j Zviv NUbvi AvKw¯§KZvq _vby n‡q hvq| †Kv‡bv wµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| gRby †Zv cÖPiz K_v e‡j, Zv‡K †Zv †KD †KD eKvDjøvI e‡j| Avi nviæ †Pvi n‡jI MÖv‡g Zvi GKUv MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv Av‡Q| cÖ_gZ, †m MÖv‡g Pzwi K‡i bv| wØZxqZ, †m †h‡nZz fv‡jv †Pvi †m‡nZz Zvi myev‡` MÖv‡g †Kv‡bv †Pvi Av‡m bv| Z…ZxqZ, †m Kv‡iv m‡½ †Kv‡bv Sv‡gjvq hvq bv| Zvi eD K`y gv‡S gv‡S Kv‡iv m‡½ jvM‡j nviæ †Pvi Zv‡K wdwi‡q Av‡b| Avi †kl ch©šÍ ejv hvq, Pzwi †m K‡i Z‡e Pzwi K‡i evwo ev Rwg Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| LvIqv-civUv IB we`¨v w`‡q P‡j hvq| Zv‡K wb‡q †Kv‡bv mvwjk-wePviI MÖv‡g Ki‡Z nq bv| Zv‡K GKevi ewkiæj e‡jwQj †m †Kb Pzwi K‡i, †m †Zv Ab¨ KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zvi Dˇi Pzwii c‡ÿ †m †h `vk©wbK hyw³ †`wL‡qwQj Zv‡Z g‡b Kiv LyeB ¯^vfvweK †h, Pzwi Kiv †Zgb g›` KvR bq| †m †h‡nZz aiv Lvqwb AvR ch©šÍ Kv‡R Kv‡RB Zv‡K wb‡q Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv `ywðšÍv Ki‡Z nqwb| fvM¨ fv‡jv †m e‡jwb †h, Pzwi Kiv gnr KvR| †Zv gRby ev nviæ †Pvi djZ †KD †Kv‡bv K_v e‡j bv| jvBwji gv mvgwqKfv‡e Aemi †bq| ïiæ K‡i Lv‡`g| mZ¨ ej‡j ej‡Z n‡e †m my‡hv‡Mi A‡cÿvq wQj| †m ewkiæj †i RvqMvg‡Zv ewm‡q †i‡L G‡mwQj| Z‡e nv‡Riv hv ejj, GB Afvebxq MíUv; †m Av‡M KL‡bv †kv‡bwb| †m ev‡QZ wgqv‡K †P‡b, Rv‡b, hw`I Zvi m‡½ †`Lv nq Kv‡jf‡`ª| Zvi gv_vi g‡a¨ NyicvK †L‡Z _v‡K nv‡Rivi eY©bv| ev‡QZ wgqv‡K †m evj¨Kvj †_‡K †P‡b| †Muvqvi UvB‡ci, LvwbKUv †fuvZv: mvZ K_vq iv †bB| me wVK Av‡Q, ZvB e‡j eD‡K Gfv‡e Awfbe Kvq`vq bv LvB‡q †i‡L Zvi jvf Kx? Kx D‡Ï‡k¨ †m GiKg K‡i? cviæ wbiæ‡Ïk nIqvi ci †m Av‡iv wZb‡U we‡q Kij, †Kv‡bvUvB wUK‡jv bv, GK eQiI c~Y© nqwb †Kv‡bv we‡qi| Zvn‡j Zvi wØZxq ¯¿x Lvw`Rv, Z…Zxq ¯¿x Rwibvi m‡½ ewbebv bv nIqvi KviY wK GKB? †m A‡bKwKQy Abygvb Ki‡Z _v‡K g‡b g‡b, Z‡e Kx Ki‡e †f‡e cvq bv| nviæ‡Pvi GB cÖ_g nv‡Riv‡K wR‡Ám K‡i, Av”Qv, Kvwn, Zzgiv GKmv‡_ LvIbv †Kv‡bv w`b? GKmv‡_ fvZ Lvwj †Zv ev‡QZ Kvnv GKv GKv me fvZ mvevo Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avwg Avi K`y †Zv wZb †ejv GKmv‡_ LvB| nv‡Riv Ii K_v †kv‡b wKbv †evSv hvq bv| Z‡e †Kv‡bv DËi †`q bv| iR‡ei evc Lv‡`g‡K e‡j, †kvb, †ejv †ewo hvwZ‡Q, ZzB GKUv e¨e¯’v Ki| ZzB KvD‡K w`‡q ev‡QZ‡K Lei †`| †`L nvbœv‡bi mv‡Z gv‡V _vKwZ cv‡i| bv nwjci GB wewU hyw` _vbvq hvq mwZ¨ mwZ¨ Zv nwj †K‡jsKvwi n‡e, ev‡QZ †Rj LvUwc| ewkiæj †g¤^vi iR‡ei ev‡ci K_v †kv‡b| †m KLb G‡m RvgMvQ Zjvq `uvwo‡q‡Q Zviv †Lqvj K‡iwb| †m Aek¨ GL‡bv

†Kv‡bv K_v e‡jwb| Lv‡`g Zvi jyw½i †KvPv †_‡K eY©nxb †bvwKqv GMvi‡kv †gvevBj †ei K‡i nvbœvb‡K †dvb K‡i| Kxme K_vevZ©v nq Zv mevB gvjyg Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Z‡e Zvi kvšÍ-wkó w¯’i nvefve †`‡L g‡b nq †h, Zvi D‡Ïk¨ mdj n‡q‡Q| †m nv‡Riv‡K e‡j, GKUz meyi K‡iv, nvbœvb AvmwZ‡Q, ev‡QZI Avmcvi cv‡i, Zzgvi Lvbvq hvIqv jvMwe bv| †`wL GKUv wgUgvU Kiv hvq wKbv| ewkiæ‡ji eD Avi †Q‡j wg‡j †MvUv K‡qK cøvw÷‡Ki †Pqvi wb‡q Av‡m| MvQ †_‡K evZvwe‡jey †c‡o wQ‡j _vjvq K‡i mevB‡K †`q| nviæ †Pvi I gRby mevi Av‡M LvIqv ïiæ K‡i| iR‡ei evc‡K w`‡Z e‡j ewkiæj| †m e‡j, bv _vK| Avgvi wL‡` †bB| Lv‡`g e‡j, nv‡Riv, Zzwg LvI, Zzwg †Zv ivZ †_‡K bv †Lwq AvQ| Kvh©Z †KD †jey Lvq bv| ewkiæ‡ji eD Rv‡b, ewkiæj Rv‡b, I‡`i †Q‡jI Rv‡b, GB †jey †`L‡Z Lye my›`i n‡jI †Kv‡bv ¯^v` †bB| LvIqvi mgq g‡b n‡e Avcwb ïK‡bv wePzwj PvevwZ‡Qb| nv‡Riv Rv‡b wKbv †evSv hvq bv| Zviv GB ALv`¨ wRwbm w`‡q †gngvb`vwi †Kb K‡i Zv Zv‡`i †Q‡ji gv_vq Av‡m bv| ZvivI nq‡Zv bv ey‡S K‡i‡Q A_ev kqZvwb K‡i K‡i‡Q| jvBwji gv nv‡Riv‡K e‡j, LvI nv‡Riv| `yciy nwZ †Mj, GKUz gy‡L †`I| wZb _vjv †jey GKUv PIov †Pqv‡i ivLv, nv‡Riv †mw`‡K Av‡iv GKevi ZvKvq Z‡e gy‡L †`Iqvi †Póv K‡i bv| nviæ‡Pvi Avi gRby †L‡Z _v‡K, Zv‡`i LvIqv †`‡L †LwKKzK‡z ii †cQ‡b e¨¯Í _vKv KzKiz Uv †jR bvovq, gyL bvovq| †m eyS‡Z cv‡i, GUv Lvevi wRwbm, Z‡e Zv‡K †`Iqv n‡e wK bv Ges w`‡jI †m †L‡Z cvi‡e wK bv Zv wb‡q †Nvi m‡›`n K‡i| `yc‡y ii †iv` RvgMv‡Qi Wvjcvjv †f` K‡i gv_vi Ici cÖPÐfv‡e Mi‡gi `vn Qovq, †Kv‡bv †g‡Ni jÿY †bB, e„wó †Zv fz‡j †M‡Q G-AÂj‡K| fv`ª gvm cov Aewa GK †duvUv e„wó †bB| gv‡Sg‡a¨ †gN nq, Z‡e IB ch©šBÍ | GLb †KD †KD el©vi av‡b wWc †gwkb †_‡K cvwb w`‡”Q| Zv †m hvB †nvK, mevB †Kgb †hb PzcPvc n‡q †Mj| Zviv A‡cÿv K‡i, bvwK †Kv‡bv K_v †RvMvb w`‡Z cv‡i bv, Zv ejv hvq bv| nv‡Riv PzcPvc _vK‡Z cv‡i bv, jvBwji gv cv‡i bv, Zey Zviv PzcPvc _v‡K| nq‡Zv A‡cÿvq _v‡K ev‡QZ wgqv ev nvbœv‡bi Rb¨| iR‡ei evc mvgvb¨ †jey wb‡q gy‡L w`‡q Pvwe‡q Avevi gvwU‡Z †d‡j †`q| †m ZLb nv‡Riv‡K e‡j, †kv‡bv nv‡Riv, we‡qi cÖ_g cÖ_gI wK ev‡QZ wgqv GB Kvg Ki‡Zv, bvwK GKUz c‡i ïiæ Kwi‡Q? Avi Zzgvi mv‡Z Ab¨me wK wVKVvK Av‡Q, bvwK †mLv‡bI MЇMvj? iR‡ei evc gyiweŸ gvbyl| Zv‡K †m Av‡M mgxn K‡i K_v e‡jwb, Z‡e Gevi †m gv_vq Kvco Zz‡j m¤§vb Rvbvq; bv, PvPv, cÖ_gw`‡K I fv‡jvB wQj| gvbylUv mvivw`b †Zv evwo _v‡K bv, gv‡VNv‡U KvR K‡i, evwo‡Z `yRb gvbyl, Lye Afve †Zv †bB| Avwg †Zv g‡b KwiwQjvg Avjøv Gevi Avgvi Kcv‡j †ev`q GÆz myK w`‡Q| wKš‘K, c‡i †`Kjvg, bv Kcv‡j Avgvi myK †bB| Avwg A‡bK mn¨ KwiwP, cÖvqB Avwg bv †Lwq _vwK| †m evwo G‡m GKevi wR‡M¨mI K‡i bv| Avi Zvi eqm †Zv Kg bv, Zvi Kv‡Q GÆz fv‡jv e¨vfvi †Zv PvwZ cvwi, bv wK? Zzgiv Avgv‡K KwZ cv‡iv, †m wK Zvi Av‡Mi eD‡`i mv‡Z GB iKg Ki‡Zv wKbv? we‡qi mgq NUK ReŸi Avgv‡K Gme KZv Kqwb| Zzgiv wK wKQy Rv‡bv? hyw` GWv Zvi †ivM nq Zvwjci Avgvi wKQy Kivi †bB, Avwg Avi †Póv Ki‡ev bv, _vbvqI hv‡ev bv, fvB‡qi Kv‡Q wd‡i hv‡ev| hyw` fvB Avgv‡i iv‡L, †mLv‡bB mvivRxeb _vK‡cv| Zvi `yB †PvL w`‡q A‡Sviavivq AkÖæ Mwo‡q c‡o, †m AuvPj w`‡q †PvL †gv‡Q, Z‡e dzwu c‡q duwz c‡q Kvbœvi Kvi‡Y Zvi †Pv‡Li AkÖæ mn‡R eÜ nq bv| wKQyÿY c‡i nvbœvb Av‡m| Avi Zvi wc‡Q wc‡Q ev‡QZ wgqv‡KI Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í †nu‡U Avm‡Z †`Lv hvq| evev Rwniæwχbi g‡Zv †`vnviv †Pnviv ev‡QZ wgqvi| evevi †P‡q Av‡iv `yBw †ewk DuPz †m, A_©vr Qq dzU `yB| †`‡L g‡b n‡e †cUv‡bv kixi| Pwe© †bB GK †duvUv| Z‡e Pzj cvZjv| Kv‡jv Z‡e D¾¡j k¨vgjv e‡j Pvwj‡q †`Iqv

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hv‡e| `y‡Uv †PvL †Kgb †hb w¯’i, Lye Kg cjK c‡o| †evb iwgQvi m‡½ Ii †Pnvivi Lye wgj| `yB fvB‡ev‡bi g‡a¨ Lye fve wQj| hy× †_‡K wd‡i G‡m †m †evb‡K we‡q w`‡qwQj| ZZw`‡bI †m cviæi †kvK mvgjv‡Z cv‡iwb| eQiwZ‡bK ci †m Lvw`Rv‡K we‡q K‡i| †m we‡q †U‡Kwb| nvbœvb Zv‡K c‡i we‡q †`q Rwibvi m‡½| Rwibv wQj mvZ-AvU gvm| ZviI eQi `yB c‡i we‡q nq nv‡Rivi m‡½| ZL‡bv nvbœvb RwoZ wQj| eÜzi mgm¨v †m nq‡Zv Rvb‡Zv| Z‡e Zv‡K myLx †`Lv Zvi B‡”Q wQj| jÿ Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e ev BwZnvm e‡j, GKgvÎ cviæ‡K we‡q Kivi mgq Zvi wb‡Ri B‡”QUv fv‡jv K‡i †evSv hvq| ZLb †m AvVv‡iv-Dwbk eQ‡ii hyeK| evev nvDm K‡i †Q‡ji we‡q w`‡qwQj evwo‡Z eD Avb‡e e‡j| ev‡QZ wgqvi gv gwiqg weweI eD eD K‡i‡Q ¯^vgxi Kv‡Q| K¬vm bvB‡b cov †Q‡ji we‡q †`Iqvi mgq †KD †KD AvcwË Ki‡jI RwniæwÏb Kv‡iv K_vq Kvb †`qwb| Zvi hyw³ wQj, I bvB‡b co‡jI Ii we‡qi eqm n‡q‡Q| KviY I †`wi K‡i ¯‹‡z j wM‡qwQj, Avi GKevi `yevi cÖ‡gvkb †Rv‡Uwb Kcv‡j| AvVv‡iv-Dwbk eQ‡i ZLb we‡q nIqv Lye A¯^vfvweK wQj bv| ev‡QZ wgqv Kg K_v e‡j †m †Zv mevi Rvbv Avi †m wKQyUv †Mv‡ePviv UvB‡ci| gv‡V ev‡ci m‡½ KvR Ki‡Zv, ¯‹‡z jI †hZ| nvbœvb G‡m ewkiæj †g¤^vi‡Z Wv‡K; iR‡ei evc e‡mwQj cøvw÷‡Ki †Pqv‡i| Ab¨ mevB wQj| ïay †LwKKzK‡z ii †cQ‡b †j‡Þ _vKv KzKiz Uv mevi nvefve †`‡L †K‡U c‡owQj| nvbœvb †Pqv‡i e‡m bv| ZZÿ‡Y ev‡QZ wgqv †jey Mv‡Qi Zjvq G‡m `uvwo‡q‡Q| nvbœvb Zv‡K Bkviv Ki‡j †m Zvi Kv‡Q G‡m `uvovq| nvbœvb mevi w`‡K GKevi ZvwK‡q wb‡Ri Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© GKUv Bw½Z K‡i| †m gyw³hy‡× wM‡qwQj e‡jB bq, †m Av‡M †_‡KB mevi Kv‡Q m¤§vwbZ Zvi KvRK‡g©i Rb¨| MÖv‡gi GKgvÎ nvB¯‹‡z j †m gv÷vwi K‡i| hy‡×i ci AvBG cvk K‡iwQj| ev‡QZ wgqv Avi †jLvcov K‡iwb| PvB‡j †mI AvBG cvk w`‡q ev bv w`‡qI gv÷vwi Ki‡Z cviZ| Zvi wel‡q †m Kx eySZ Rvbv hvqwb| nvbœvb mevi D‡Ï‡k e‡j, Avwg Avgvi †`v‡¯Íi mv‡Z Avmvi c‡_ Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv KwiwP| Avwg RvbwZ cvijvg nv‡Riv Awf‡hvM Kwi‡P, MvwjMvjvP Kwi‡P, _vbvq hvwZ Pvwq‡P| mc wVK Av‡Q| Avgvi †`v¯Í me fvZ GKv †Lwq †d‡j Avi eD bv †Lwq _v‡K, GB †Zv Aciva, Avgvi Rvbvg‡Z Avi †Kv‡bv †`vl Zvi †bB| †m-K_v Kg e‡j, Zzgiv me Rv‡bv, Z‡e †m hv K‡i Lye fv‡jv K‡iB K‡i, wg‡_¨ e‡j bv| Zzgv‡`i g‡b ivLv `iKvi †m Lye eo gyw³‡hv×v| †`‡ki Rwb¨ †m hv Kwi‡Q Avwg wb‡RI Zv cvwiwb| me Acv‡ik‡b †m mevi Av‡M Av‡M †hZ| †m Avgv‡`i Awdwmqvwj KgvÛvi bv n‡jI †m-B KgvÛv‡ii KvR Ki‡Zv| Avgiv hLb †`‡ki †Uªwbs †kl K‡i BwÛqv †Mjvg, †mB †Uªwbs Avgv‡`i n‡jv weqvwjøk w`b| A¯¿ †Uªwbs‡q I dv÷© nq| me A¯¿ Pvjv‡Z cvi‡Zv| GmGjAvi, GjGgwR, w_ªbUw_ª ivB‡dj, GgbwK me ai‡bi G·‡cøvwmf †m Lye mn‡R PvR© Ki‡Z cvi‡Zv| K¨v‡¤ú wU°v Lvb, Bqvwnqv Lvb Avi fz‡Ævi eo Qwe UvOv‡bv _vK‡Zv| Avgv‡`i ej‡Zv, wU°v Lv‡bi bvwf‡Z ¸wj K‡iv, Bqvwnqv Lv‡bi euv †Pv‡L ¸wj K‡iv ev fz‡Ævi Wvb nv‡Z ¸wj K‡iv| Avgiv cviZvg bv| Puv`gvwi‡Z mevB †dj gviZvg| Z‡e ev‡Q‡Zi jÿ wQj AmvaviY| †m G‡Kev‡i RvqMvg‡Zv ¸wj jvMv‡Z cvi‡Zv| Zvi mvnm Avi D`¨g †`‡L Avgiv mevB AevK n‡qwQ, g~wZ©bvjv K¨v‡¤úi cvÄvwe †gRi Zv‡K †miv dvBUvi e‡jwQj| †m Avgv‡`i mv‡Z bv _vKwjc‡i Avgiv †Kv‡bv Acv‡ik‡b mvK‡mmdzj nwZ cviZvg bv| †m GKUz _v‡g; mevi gy‡Li w`‡K GKevi ZvKvq| mevB nuv-K‡i †kv‡b Zvi K_v| m~h© gv_vi Ic‡i UMeM K‡i dzU‡Q| iR‡ei evc nvbœv‡bi w`‡K we¯§qKi `„wó‡Z ZvwK‡q _v‡K| nv‡Rivi

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†Ku‡` D‡V‡Q| eªZi eD Avevi †Q‡ji wc‡V `yNv ewm‡q †`q| gyLMnŸ‡i SvjjsKv-†gkv wel Abœ, `y‡Pv‡L R‡ji aviv| eªZi eD †hb wek¦iƒc †`L‡Z cvq †Q‡ji gyLMnŸ‡i| f‡q Pg‡K D‡V ZvovZvwo R‡ji Møvm a‡i †Q‡ji gy‡L| e‡j, ÔLv, Rj Lv| †`‡L †L‡Z cvwim bv! AZeo †Q‡j K¬vm dvB‡f cwom!Õ Bwj‡ki MÜ †c‡q Ic‡i Qy‡U G‡m‡Q KvwZ©Keveyi †g‡q| e‡j, ÔAvR GKv`kx Avi AvRB Bwjk gvQ wKbjv!Õ ÔGKw`b GKv`kx bv Ki‡j wKQy nq bv|Õ wLuwP‡q I‡Vb †Mvjvcevjv| †g‡qi we‡q n‡qwQj| GK gvm ci RvgvB e‡j, ÔAvcbvi †g‡q cvMj, jywK‡q we‡q w`‡q‡Qb!Õ †Mvjvc-`¤úwZ RvgvB‡qi gy‡Li Ici ej‡Z cv‡ibwb, me †g‡qiB we‡qi Av‡M GKUz-AvaUz gv_vi †`vl _v‡K| we‡qUv n‡j, mšÍvb n‡jB wVK n‡q hvq| KcvjI †g‡qUvi Lvivc| GK gvm †Zv msmvi K‡i‡Q, mšÍvb G‡m †h‡ZB cviZ| RvgvB‡qi e¨emvcÎ fv‡jvB| evev-gv, fvB‡evb‡`i wb‡q GKvbœeZx© msmvi| Iiv A‡bK †PóvI K‡iwQ‡jb †g‡qRvgvB‡K I evwoi †Niv‡Uvc †_‡K evi K‡i Avb‡Z| cÖ‡qvR‡b UvKv LiP Ki‡ZI ivwR wQ‡jb| wKš‘ RvgvB †eu‡K emj| `vbmvgMÖxmn †g‡qUv‡K wdwi‡q w`‡q †Mj GKw`b| Avi Kx †gRvR nvivgRv`vi| KvwZ©K b¯‹‡ii g‡Zv ivkfvix gvbyl, †gvUv As‡Ki †cbkb‡fvMx ivRKg©Pvix| Zuvi gy‡Li Ici UK&UK& K‡i K_v e‡j RvgvB! AvBwb QvovQvwoUvI Kwi‡q wbj ZvovZvwo| Avevi we‡q K‡iwQj †m; wKš‘ fv‡jvUv Kx n‡jv †Zvi| NUbvi `yeQ‡ii gv_vq K¨vÝvi aiv coj| mwZ¨B †g‡qUv †evanq cvMj| GL‡bv ¯^vgxi ¯§„wZ AuvK‡o Av‡Q| hZw`b gvbylUv †eu‡P wQj kuvLv-wmu`yi c‡i‡Q| g„Zz¨i Lei †c‡q Lye Kuv`j Kw`b| Zvici †_‡K weaevi g‡Zv GKv`kx, A¤^yevPx Ñ Av‡i †m †Zvi Kw`‡bi ¯^vgx wQj? `yw`‡bi cwiPq! †g‡q‡K †mme K_v †evSv‡e †K| k¦ïievwo †_‡K †diZ Avmv Avmev‡e mvRv‡bv GKUv †QvU N‡i _v‡K †m wb‡P wmuwoi cv‡k GK‡U‡i| †g‡qi hZ ivM-Awfgvb me evev-gvi Ici| wZb‡U e¨vs‡Ki KvR †m‡i wdi‡Z †ejv GKUv evRj KvwZ©Keveyi| e¨vsK †_‡K †divi mgq Kv‡b wM‡qwQj, eªZi eD Aw¯’ifv‡e nBPB Ki‡Q| eªZi †cÖmwµck‡bi dvBjUv †Kv_vq †i‡L‡Q Lyu‡R cv‡”Q bv Ñ †g‡q †`‡L‡Q wK bv| †m †Kb Kv‡Ri wRwbm ¸wQ‡q iv‡Lwb! KviLvbv †_‡K †divi c‡_ eªZ Amy¯’ n‡q c‡o‡Q| †LqvNv‡U ewm‡q †i‡L c‡_i gvbyl †dvb K‡iwQj| eªZi m‡½I Ii eD‡qi K_v n‡q‡Q| eªZi K_v A¯úó Rov‡bv, †hb `~‡i †Kv_vI QyU‡Z QyU‡Z P‡j †h‡Z †h‡Z wKQy e‡j †Mj| c‡_i gvbyl e‡j‡Q, GLbB fwZ© Ki‡Z n‡e| Ae¯’v fv‡jv bv| Lye k¦vmKó n‡”Q! Gme K_v †g‡q‡K ejwQj eo eD| †Mvjvcevjv e¨vs‡Ki cvkeB¸‡jv †`LwQ‡jb| gy‡L Z…wßi nvwm| †`‡L Lye fv‡jv jvMwQj KvwZ©Keveyi| †Q‡ji Amy¯’ n‡q covi K_vUv ej‡Z fz‡jB †M‡jb| mwZ¨B UvKv Mw”QZ ivL‡j UvKvi MvQ dj dzj nq! cÖwZ‡ekxiv gv‡Sg‡a¨ †evSvq, me †Q‡j‡`i bv‡g wj‡L w`‡q Sv‡gjv wgwU‡q w`b| KvwZ©Kevey ïay nv‡mb| e‡jb, ÔLvb cuvP-Qq K¨vk mvwU©wd‡KU Avi GB †cbk‡bi KqUv UvKv Qvov Avgvi Avi wKQyB bvB| Aek¨ PvKwii †kl †eZb hv cvBZvg, GLb mvZvk-AvUvk eQi ci †cbk‡bB cvB Zvi wZb¸Y| †Q‡j‡`iI wKQy wKQy mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z nq| I‡`i bv‡g me UvKv bwgwb Kiv Av‡Q| Avgiv `yRb bv gi‡j †Zv Avi †Q‡jiv wKQy cv‡e bv|Õ Z‡e wZwb Lye wn‡mwe| g‡b c‡o, †m A‡bKw`‡bi K_v Ñ

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ZL‡bv gv‡qi †Zv †mœnKÉB †R‡M _v‡K, †hb †mB mvZ eQ‡ii Z‡gvni| evev nviv‡bv Z‡gvni, Zvi Rb¨ gv‡qi fv‡jvevmv †R‡M _vKv KÉ Ñ †Q‡jgvbyl ... †Kej †L‡j-†eovB‡Z Pvq| Ñ gv, Zzwg Rv‡bv bv| Gevi Ii Abvm© dvBbvj †`Iqvi K_v, I bvwK cixÿvi n‡jB e‡mwb! ¯^vgxnviv gwbiv †eMg, cuvPwU mšÍv‡bi wPšÍvq w`‡knviv gwbiv †eMg| LvwbKUv AcÖKw… Z¯’ gwbiv †eMg| †Q‡ji †e‡o IVvi eqm †f‡e †`‡Lb bv, Zvi gy‡L †R‡M _v‡K wb‡Ri †Q‡j‡ejvq †kLv †nuqvwj †køvK| wZwb e‡j I‡Vb Ñ ÔAwZ eo n‡qv bv, S‡o †f‡O hv‡e| AwZ †QvU †_‡Kv bv, QvM‡j gy‡o Lv‡e|Õ Gfv‡e K_v ej‡j, K_v Avi AvMvq bv| µgk evwoi wnmv‡ei LvZv †_‡K Z‡gvni `~‡i m‡i hvq| evwK Pvi mšÍvb Avi bvwZ-bvZwb‡`i wb‡q gwbiv †eMgI nq‡Zv Ae‡PZ‡b fz‡jB wQ‡jb Z‡gvni‡K| wKsev †K Rv‡b, fz‡j wK Avi _vKv hvq! eis Aby”PvwiZ †i‡L †`Iqv K_v, A¯úk© †cÖ‡gi LuvPvq AvU‡K _vKv †Kv‡bv GK åƒY| wKš‘ A‡bK eQi ci, evwo †_‡K µgvMZ Lei Av‡m, Z‡gvni †hb GKevi evwo‡Z †d‡i| gwbiv †eMg †Kgb wQ‡jb? Lye †ewk Zwj‡q †`‡LBwb Zvi GB Kwbô cyÎ| †nuqvwj †køvK ejv, wbqwgZ ivbœvevbœvi duv‡K bZzb Kuv_v ev †mv‡qUv‡ii KuvUvq bZzb Ni KvUv Qvov Avi wK? Av‡iv GKUv welq Aek¨ wQj, †h-Kvi‡Y Z‡gvni gv‡K fq KiZ| gv‡Sg‡a¨ Avbgbv n‡q †n‡m DV‡Zb wZwb| KL‡bv ev fxlY µz× n‡q DV‡Zb AwZ Av`‡ii me mšÍv‡bi cÖwZ| nq‡Zv fve‡Zb, GB cuvPwU mšÍv‡bi †evSv Pvwc‡q wjqvKZ †nv‡mb †Kgb K‡i cvwj‡q †h‡Z cvi‡jb! gvbwmKfv‡e fxlY wech©¯Í gv‡K mvg‡j eo †evb ZgvB Nyg cvovZ Z‡gvni‡K| GB †ivÏyi, GB †g‡Ni Av”Qv`‡b Wz‡e hvIqv gv‡K Lye GKUv ey‡S DV‡Z cv‡iwb Z‡gvni| GB NbNb iƒc cvj‡U hvIqvi welqwU wK Avi gwbiv †eM‡giI g‡b _vKZ| LvwbK ev‡` Zvi Avi †m-K_v g‡bB _vKZ bv| GB Avbg‡b N‡U hvIqv NUbvi mgq Zvi nv‡Zi KvRwU‡Z wd‡i †M‡j wZwb eis mevi Ici fxlY ivM Ki‡Zb| †Kv‡bv GK Moeo †Pv‡L coZB Zvi| †mUv †h wb‡Ri nv‡ZB Kiv, ZvI fz‡j †h‡Zb| Avi Zv‡ZB ÿwYK wPjøvwejøvn n‡Zv| †KD Avi Zv‡K g‡b Kwi‡q w`Z bv †mB Moe‡o mg‡qi K_v| ZLb Z‡gvn‡ii Av‡iv A‡Pbv Avi `~‡ii †jvKB g‡b n‡Zv gv‡K| gv †_‡K cvwj‡q _vKvUv Zvi cyi‡bv ¯^fve| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv MÖx‡®§i `yc‡y i, ¯‹j z ‡k‡l gv‡qi Lye Kv‡Q AvmZ †m| hLb `yc‡y ii LvIqv-`vIqvi cvU PzwK‡q eviv›`vq cvwU †c‡Z em‡Zb gv| ZLb wb‡Ri wcV Ly‡j e‡m ej‡Zb, †` †Zv evc, GKUz NvgvwP †M‡j †`| Z‡gvni ZLb Lywk‡Z gv‡qi wcV †Nu‡l emZ! Pvi‡Kvbv cuvP cqmv w`‡q UjU‡j NvgvwP †M‡j w`Z| R‡jfiv †QvU †QvU jvj jvj NvgvwP! gv‡qi wc‡Vi wZbwU eo AuvwPj| Nv‡oi wVK wb‡P, †ek eo mvB‡Ri gvs‡mi `jvi g‡Zv ev †Mvj Avjyi g‡Zv AuvwPj¸‡jv wQj Z‡gvn‡ii cQ‡›`i| wKQyUv NvgvwP †M‡j w`‡jB †m IB AuvwPj¸‡jv †b‡o‡P‡o †`Lvi my‡hvM †cZ| ZLbB †Kej gv Zv‡K Kv‡Q †Nul‡Z w`Z| IB NvgvwPi Rb¨B, Avi Z‡gvni IB AuvwP‡ji †jv‡f gv‡qi MÖx®§`yciy Ly‡u R wdiZ| Avi GKmgq K¬všÍ n‡q gv‡qi wcV Rwo‡q a‡i Nywg‡qI †hZ| GL‡bv †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv `yciy Z‡gvni KvwU‡q †`q †cŠ‡li Mv‡q cvDWvi †g‡L, NygšÍ wkïwUi cv‡k e‡m bZzb myi LyR u ‡Z LyR u ‡Z| GB `yciy ¸‡jv‡Z †Kb Rvwb Z‡gvn‡ii †Kej gv‡qi K_v g‡b c‡o| gv‡K wb‡q Zv‡K bZzb K‡i fve‡Z w`‡q‡Qb gwbiv †eMgB| Zvi

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GKcvk Aek n‡q hvIqv kixi! GKRb my¯’ gv †hgb Zvi Lye A‡`Lv wQj, †Zgwb Ggb ¯’wei gv‡KI †m fve‡Z cv‡iwb| MZ mßv‡n Lyjbv †_‡K †divi c‡_ evwo wM‡qwQj Z‡gvni| weQvbvi m‡½ †j‡Þ _vKv gv, kxY©‡`‡ni, KsKvjmvi gv| Z‡gvn‡ii eo A‡Pbv jv‡M| gv‡qi Lv‡Ui cv‡k GKUv eyK‡kj&d wQj| GLb †bB| Kv‡Vi †inv‡ji Ici iwOb Kvc‡o euvav †Kvivb kwid, Kvev kwi‡di QweAuvKv †e‡nw¯Í wRDi Avi welv` wmÜz| Z‡gvn‡ii †PvL Ly‡u R †d‡i; †cj bv| nq‡Zv wb‡R D‡V em‡Z cv‡i bv e‡jB mevB mwi‡q w`‡q‡Q †kj&d| NiUv‡K eo AÜKvi Avi ¸‡gvU g‡b nq Zvi| †eU‡mvi †_‡K †invB w`‡Z evZv‡m †dvjv‡bv weQvbv; LvwbKUv Pv`i m‡i wM‡q DuPz wWwe †ei n‡q Av‡Q †Kv_vI †Kv_vI| Ava‡Lvjv gkvwii †fZ‡i Ggb g„Z gvby‡li g‡Zv c‡o Av‡Qb wZwb! ey‡Ki LuvPv¸‡jv‡Z IVvbvgv Pj‡Q †Kej| fvwe ejj, Ô†Zvgv‡K Lye †Luv‡R AvRKvj| LvwbK mgq gv‡qi weQvbvq e‡mv|Õ Z‡gvni em‡Z cv‡i bv| Lv‡Ui cv‡k emvi wKQy Ly‡u RI cvq bv| GKUz `~‡i †Kej GKUv cøvw÷‡Ki jvj †Pqvi! K‡gvW emv‡bv| Ae¨env‡i GL‡bv bZzb Avi PKP‡K| ZviI IBcv‡k k~b¨ GK ûBj‡Pqvi; †hb †Kv‡bv g„‡Zi g‡Zv †`n‡K †U‡b †bIqvi A‡cÿvq| eo Avoó jv‡M, A‡Pbv g‡b nq mewKQy| Ggb APj gv wK ZviB? gv‡K KL‡bv w¯’i _vK‡Z †`‡Lwb| †kleviI evB‡ii `iRvi wmuwo Ry‡o e‡mwQj| nv‡Zi Zmwe`vbv‡K KZ `ªæZ ¸b‡Z cviZ! ZL‡bv gv GB `iRv Ry‡oB _vK‡Zb| bv n‡j mvg‡bi GKwPj‡Z D‡Vv‡b †nu‡U †eov‡Zb| GKevi Z‡gvni wR‡Ám K‡iwQj, ÔevB‡i GZ Kx †Luv‡Rb?Õ ZLb e‡jwQj, Ô†Zvgiv Av‡mv hw`, ZvB c‡_ †P‡q _vwK|Õ Pvi-PviwU mšÍvb `~‡i _vK‡j gv‡qiv Ggb c_ †P‡q e‡m _v‡Kb, iv¯Ív †_‡K †nu‡U †nu‡U m`i iv¯Ívi Mvwo †Mv‡bb| ZvI fv‡jv wQj| Ggb w¯’i gv! G wK ZviB gv! fvwe gv‡qi w`‡K Sz‡u K c‡o e‡j, Ô†`‡Lb †K AvB‡m?Õ gv †kvqv †_‡K gv_vUv GKUz KvZ K‡i †`Lvi †Póv K‡i| Z‡gvni ZLb Av‡iv GKUz GwM‡q hvq| gv‡qi weQvbv †_‡K †Kgb MÜ †e‡ovq| AvRKvj †cQve-cvqLvbv me GLv‡bB| B`vbxs bvwK Wvqcvi cwi‡q iv‡L| Z‡gvn‡ii †fZi †_‡K Zxeª M‡Ü GKUv av°v Av‡m| weQvbvq †j‡M _vKv gv, †Nvjv †Pv‡L ZvwK‡q; ïK‡bv †VuvU‡Rvov bvwo‡q e‡j Ñ Ô†K? Z‡gv?Õ A‡Pbv †`n †_‡K GB †mœngq ÔZ‡gvÕ kãUv ï‡b, ¸-gy‡Zi MÜ nRg K‡i; Z‡gvni Av‡iv wbPz n‡q gv‡qi KvQvKvwQ wM‡q e‡j, Ôgv!Õ gwbiv †eMg †hb Av‡Mi g‡ZvB| Ggb fw½‡Z e‡j, ÔKB †_‡K Avmwj?Õ Ñ Lyjbv| Ñ †mLv‡b †K †K _v‡K? Z‡gvni eyS‡Z cv‡i; AZUv ¯^vfvweK gv Avi †bB| e‡j, Ô†KD bv| GKUv †kv wQj| Mvb MvB‡Z wM‡qwQjvg|Õ Ñ ZzB KB _vwKm? Ñ XvKvq| Ñ Kvi m‡½ _vwKm? gv †muRwy Z‡KI †P‡b, GgbwK †cŠl‡KI †`‡L‡Q `y-wZbevi| A_P GLb †Kgb A‡Pbv gvby‡li g‡Zv K_v ej‡Q! Z‡gvni e‡j, Ô†muRwy Z Avi †cŠl|Õ Ñ I, †Zvi eD-ev”Pv‡i Avbwj bv| Z‡gvni wKQy e‡j bv| gv wb‡RB Avevi e‡jb, ÔAvwg †Zv GLb †Kv_vI hvB‡Z cvwi bv| †Zvgv‡`i †`L‡Z B”Qv K‡i|Õ fvwe e‡j, ÔZzwg GKUz e‡mv| Avwg PU K‡i †Zvgvi Rb¨ kieZ wb‡q Avwm|Õ Z‡gvn‡ii g‡b nq †m A‡Pbv †Kv‡bv GK RvqMvq P‡j G‡m‡Q! gy‡L Zvi K_v e‡j bv| Aí Av‡jvq, AÜKv‡ii nvZQvwb‡Z e‡m _v‡K| gv _v‡gb bv, wZwb Avevi e‡jb, Ôevwo †eovWv½v|Õ

nVvr †eovWv½vi K_v? Z‡gvni wKQy †f‡e cvq bv| †m e‡j, ÔKvi evwo?Õ Ñ Wv³vi mv‡n‡ei| Gevi Z‡gvn‡ii †ek gRv jv‡M| gv Gme Kx ej‡Q| †eovWv½v †Zv gv‡qi ev‡ci evwo| wb‡Ri evc‡K wPb‡Z cvi‡Q bv! Z‡gvni e‡j, Ô†Kvb Wv³vi mv‡ne?Õ Ñ Wv. bvwRg DwÏb| Ñ †m Avcbvi Kx nq? Ñ Avgvi evev| Z‡gvni Gevi wKQy ej‡Z cv‡i bv| gyn‡~ Z© Zvi cvwj‡q †h‡Z B‡”Q nq| Ggb †Kb gvby‡li Rxeb! I‡K Pzc _vK‡Z †`‡L gwbiv †eMg Avevi e‡jb, ÔILv‡b `v‡ivMvi eD _vKZ, iæwj _vKZ, iæwe _vK‡Zv, nv‡kg _vKZ| evwo‡Z †Nvl‡`i †`vKvb †_‡K wgwó AvmZ!Õ Z‡gvni e‡j, Ô`v‡ivMvi eD †K?Õ Ñ iæwg| Ñ †m Avcbvi Kx nq? Ñ eo †evb| GwK, gv-wK Zvi m‡½ auvav †Lj‡Q! Z‡gvn‡ii eo A¯^w¯Í jv‡M| I gv‡qi KvQ †_‡K m‡i Av‡m| fvwe Rvbvq, Ô†Zvgv‡K Lye †Luv‡Rb AvRKvj| ciïw`b †Zv iweb‡K †W‡K‡Q †Zvgvi bvg a‡i| Zvici †W‡K wb‡q e‡j Avgvi Mjv Rwo‡q ï‡q _vK †Zv evc!Õ A‡bK Av‡MB Z‡gvn‡ii cvjv‡bv ¯^fve n‡q wM‡qwQj| GB A‡Pbv, Amnvq gv‡K †m Avi wb‡Z cvi‡Q bv| †m `yc‡y ii ev‡mB XvKvq wdi‡Z PvB‡j, fvwe evav †`b| evwo‡Z gv _v‡Kb GB †g‡Rv fvB Avi fvwei m‡½| fvwe Rvbvb, Ôeo fvBRvb AvB‡m, evB‡i †M‡Q| eo Avcv Avi ivwReI AvB‡m| mܨvq †Zvgvi †QvU AvcvI Avm‡e| AvR †Zvgv‡K †_‡K †h‡Z e‡j‡Q|Õ Z‡gvn‡ii Lye A¯^w¯Í jv‡M| g‡b nq A‡Pbv RvqMvq AvUKv c‡o‡Q! †m LvwbKUv †Lvjv nvIqv †c‡Z evwo †_‡K †ewi‡q c‡o| ˆK‡kv‡ii Kzgvi b‡`i cv‡o R‡g _vKv KPzwicvbvi w`‡K †P‡q †_‡K mvivUv we‡Kj cvi K‡i| iv‡Z A‡bKw`b ev‡` me fvB‡evb GKm‡½ †L‡Z e‡m| gwbiv †eMg wb‡Ri Ni †_‡K †PuwP‡q e‡jb, Ô†Zviv mevB AvBwQm †`‡L Avgvi KZ fv‡jv jv‡M|Õ mevB †L‡Z †L‡Z cv‡ki Ni †_‡K gv‡qi †m-K_v †kv‡b wKš‘ †Kv‡bv DËi †`q bv| †g‡RvfvB Avi fvwe hLb gv‡qi mgm¨v¸‡jv wb‡q K_v ïiæ K‡i, ZLb Ab¨ mevB †Kv‡bv A¯^w¯Í †eva QvovB bZzb mewRUv Zz‡j †bq| gv bvwK †mw`b evwj‡ki †Kvbv wQu‡o Zz‡jv †ei K‡i †d‡j‡Q| fvB‡qi †g‡q iæwni gvjvUv †U‡b a‡iwQj, Zmwe †f‡e| ïay ZvB bq, †mB gvjv wQu‡o †M‡j GKUv cywu Z gy‡L w`‡q wM‡jI †d‡j‡Q! mevB wbwj©ß fw½‡Z †mme wK”Qv-Kvwnwb †kv‡b| Zvici Z‡gvni‡K AevK K‡i w`‡q †QvU Avcv e‡jB e‡m, †g‡Rvfvwe Av‡iv KZUv hZœ wb‡Z cviZ! †m †gv‡UI †MvQv‡bv msmvi Ki‡Z †k‡Lwb e‡jB mgm¨v †ewk n‡”Q! eofvB e‡j, Ôgv‡qi eqm nB‡Q GLb Avjøvni Kv‡Q †`vqv Ki‡Z n‡e, h¨vb Zvi †Zgb Kó bv nq| Avjøvn Zv‡K gyw³ †`q|Õ K_vi gv‡b †evSvi Rb¨ Z‡gvni fvB‡qi w`‡K ZvKvq| fvB‡qiI eqm n‡q‡Q, `vwofwZ© gy‡L fve‡jknxb †PvL, wbLuZ y fv‡e iæB gv‡Qi KuvUv †e‡Q Lvq| gwbiv †eMg weQvbvq ï‡q ï‡qB Avevi DuPz Mjvq e‡j P‡jb, Ô†Zviv AvBwQm, Avgvi wK †h fv‡jv jvM‡Z‡Q!Õ Zvici wZwb Qov Kv‡Ub, ÔGK †cvjvi gv KzKiz wb, cuvP †cvjvi gv VvKziwb|Õ eo Avcv Gu‡Uv nv‡Z D‡V hvq| e‡j, Ôgv Avcwb GKUz _v‡gb| Avjøvn Avjøvn K‡ib|Õ eo Avcv wd‡i G‡m GKUv mR‡bWuvUv `uv‡Zi `yB gvwp w`‡q wPey‡Z wPey‡Z e‡j, ÔAvwg GKUv gwnjvi †LuvR cvBwQ| mvg‡bi gv‡m Avbvi e¨e¯’v Kie| gvi †Zv GLb †`Lv‡kvbvi Rb¨ PweŸk NÈvi †jvK `iKvi|Õ †m-K_vi †KD †Kv‡bv DËi †`q bv| gy‡Li †fZ‡ii Lv`¨KwYKvi D_vjcv_vj kã Qvov mvivNi ÿwY‡Ki Rb¨ PzcPvc n‡q hvq| wKQyÿY ev‡` Avevi gwbiv †eM‡gi Mjv †f‡m

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Zv‡K `vIqvZ †`Iqv n‡jv bv, ïay we‡qi Abyôv‡bi `vIqvZ †`Iqv n‡qwQj, A_P Mv‡qnjy‡`i w`b mKvj‡ejvqB wZwb cvÄvwe-cvRvgv c‡i WªBsiæ‡g e‡m nuvK w`w”Q‡jb, ÔKB, †Zvgvi n‡jv? †h‡Z †h‡Z †Zv mevB Iiv P‡j hv‡e| bZzb AvZ¥xqiv Avm‡e, I‡`i m‡½ GKUz †gvqv‡gjv` bv Ki‡j †Kgb nq?Õ ÔGB n‡jvÕ, e‡j †Rvniv ivbœvN‡i XzKj| wms‡K QiQi K‡i cvwb †Q‡o gvRywb w`‡q cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i w`‡jv| Avevi nuvK w`‡j, evwj‡ki Kfvi¸‡jv Ly‡j bZzb Kfvi jvMv‡Z emj| wKš‘ kvwo ciwQj bv, mvR‡MvR KiwQj bv| Avi Av‡Zvqvi mv‡ne †Kej †ÿ‡c hvw”Q‡jb| †Rvniv Kx K‡i †evSvq, I‡`i evwoi †jvKRb Av‡Zvqvi‡K †h‡Z e‡jwb, ïay †Rvniv‡K †h‡Z e‡j‡Q| †Rvniv MUMU K‡i WªBsiæ‡g XzKj, nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq c`©vi †Kvbv a‡i `uvovj, †mvdvq cv-Zz‡j emv Av‡Zvqvi mv‡ne‡K †mvRv wRÁvmv Kij, ÔZzwg Kvco c‡iQ †Kb, †Zvgv‡K †Zv †h‡Z e‡jwb?Õ Av‡Zvqvi mv‡ne ej‡jb, ÔGme †cÖvMÖv‡g Avevi ejv jv‡M bvwK? nvRvi n‡jI kvwji Mv‡qnjy`, bv †M‡j I Lye gvBÛ Ki‡e|Õ Ôbv, Ki‡e bvÕ, †Rvnivi K‡É kvm‡bi myi, wKš‘ †Pv‡L Awfgv‡bi AkÖæ| ÔGUv cyiæl‡`i †cÖvMÖvg bq, gwnjv‡`iÕ, †Rvniv Ab¨w`‡K ZvwK‡q K_vUv evZv‡m †Q‡o w`‡jv| Av‡Zvqvi mv‡n‡ei Kv‡b †cuŠQv‡j wZwb †mvdv †_‡K cv bvwg‡q SuvKzwb w`‡q em‡jb, Ô†Kb? dwi` hv‡”Q bv? Ii mv‡_ Avgvi GB GKUz Av‡MB K_v n‡jv|Õ †Rvniv Pzc| Rev‡e Kx ej‡e, m‡½ m‡½ Ii g‡b G‡jv bv Ñ GKUz †`wi n‡jv| I †Kej ej‡Z hvw”Qj, Ôhv‡”Q, I mvwebv‡K w`‡q P‡j Avm‡eÕ, wKš‘ ej‡Z cvij bv, ZZÿ‡Y Av‡Zvqvi mv‡ne GKUvi ci GKUv cyiæl gvby‡li bvg AvIov‡Z ïiæ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb, Ô†QvUKvKv, eo `yjvfvB, wg‡gi AveŸv, gvnZvefvB, wgRvb, gviæd, gwZb ... kvwo c‡iv, kvwo c‡iv| evmwšÍUv c‡iv ...|Õ ÔZvn‡j, Zzwg hvI| Avwg hve bv|Õ †Rvniv ejj| ÔZv Kx K‡i nq? †Zvgvi †QvU‡evb, Avi Zzwg hv‡e bv? Iiv Kx fve‡e, e‡jv †Zv?Õ †Rvniv g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z †P‡qwQj †h, kvwKjv Ii KvwRb, †QvU‡evb bq| wKš‘ K_vUv AvU‡K †Mj| kvwKjv G-evmvq GZevi G‡m‡Q, Avi Av‡Zvqvi‡K wb‡q I I‡`i evmvq GZevi wM‡q‡Q †h, Avcb-c‡ii cv_©K¨ Iiv A‡bK Av‡MB fz‡j †M‡Q| GZ Av‡M fz‡j‡Q †h, GZw`b c‡i Zv g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡jI g‡b co‡e bv| Avi g‡b co‡jI Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv KvR n‡e e‡j g‡b n‡jv bv| †Rvniv †h D‡Ï‡k¨ K_vUv ej‡Z Pvw”Qj, †m D‡Ïk¨ mvab n‡e bv Ñ Av‡Zvqvi mv‡ne kvwKjvi Kcv‡j njy` jvMv‡ebB| gvm`yB Av‡M kvwKjv‡K cvÎcÿ †hw`b †`L‡Z G‡mwQj, Kv‡Qi gvbyl wn‡m‡eB †nvK Avi Kv‡Ri gvbyl wn‡m‡eB †nvK, Av‡Zvqvi-†Rvniviv †mLv‡b wQ‡jb| †Rvniv mvivw`b cvUvq gwiP †e‡U‡Q, wUwKqvi gvsm †Qu‡P‡Q, Ly‡u U Ly‡u U ivRnuv‡mi ckg Zz‡j‡Q, Miæi fzwu o wm× K‡i c`©v Qvwo‡q‡Q, cvUvq wc‡l dwj gv‡Qi KuvUv †ei K‡i‡Q| kvwKjvi gv evievi e‡j‡Qb, Ô†`vqv Ki, †hb IB evwo‡Z we‡q bv nq, Zvn‡j †g‡q `yBUvB cvVv‡Z n‡e|Õ ÔK¨vb PvwP?Õ †Rvniv cvUvi Ic‡i †bvov Nl‡Z Nl‡Z e‡jwQj| ÔZzB bv †M‡j kvwKjv GKw`bI I evwo‡Z wUK‡Z cvi‡e bv, I‡`i †h LvIqvi gyL|Õ kvwKjvi gv †n‡m Mwo‡q cowQ‡jb| †Rvniv `yB Kuva Zz‡j †bvov w`‡q cvUvi Ici †Rv‡i †Rv‡i `yB Nlv w`‡q `g wbj| nvwm‡Z †hvM w`‡Z wM‡qI †_‡g †Mj|

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†bB| gvB‡bi GKwU eo Ask evwo i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi Kv‡RB e¨q n‡q hvq| Z‡e Lye Afv‡ei g‡a¨ Av‡Qb GgbUvI bq| mšÍvb jvjb-cvj‡bi †Kv‡bv LiP †bB| mÂqI g›` bq| DËivwaKvim~‡Î cvIqv †ekwKQy MnbvMvwU †Zv Av‡QB| mgm¨v Ab¨Î| eveyevwoi †kl mj‡Z Abvw` wgwËi Avm‡j †ek K…cY| nvowKc‡U e‡j LvwbK `yb©vgI Kzwo‡q‡Qb| Lvb`vwb †Muv‡d Zv w`‡Z w`‡Z ga¨cÂv‡ki eveywU Kx †hb fve‡jb| hv nq †`Lv hv‡e| eveyevwoi †kl eskai GKRb AvwkÖZ‡K wb‡q GZ fve‡eb †Kb! Kx †hb bvg ejj! ÔAv‡i GB e`bv, Kx e¨vcvi ej †Zv! GL‡bv Ny‡gvw”Qm! kixiUixi Lvivc n‡jv bvwK! Z‡e GB eviv›`v †Q‡o w`‡q Ab¨ RvqMvq wM‡q gi| Av‡i GB e`bv!Õ ÔNygyw”Q bv KËv| Ggwb ï‡q AvwQ!Õ Ôgv‡b? wZb‡U †e‡R †Mj| D‡V co, nuvUvPjv Ki GKUz|Õ AvwkÖ‡Zi cÖwZ ARv‡šÍB †hb GKUz †mœnel©Y K‡i †dj‡jb evey Abvw` wgwËi| ÔKx †h Kb KËv! wL‡`Uv evwo hv‡e †h| ZvB †Zv NvcwU †g‡i ï‡q AvwP| hZ bovPov ZZ wL‡`! wKš‘ Avgvi bvg e`bv bq Ñ e`b, e`b emvK!Õ ÔIB n‡jv Ñ hvnv e`b, ZvnvB e`bv!Õ †QvKivUv †ek gRv`vi †Zv| fvwi my›`i K_v e‡j| nuvUvPjv Ki‡j wL‡` †e‡o hvq, ZvI Rv‡b! wKš‘ eveyevwoi AvwkÖZ wL‡`i f‡q Pj‡Z-wdi‡Z cvi‡e bv, Avi wgwËi †mUv †P‡q †P‡q †`L‡eb! G‡Z wK c~e©cyiæ‡li m¤§vb evo‡e? Duû, wKQy GKUv Ki‡Z nq| wKš‘ †QvKivUvi mwZ¨ wL‡` †c‡q‡Q †Zv? bvwK wg‡_¨ e‡j evwM‡q †bIqvi gZje| GKUz Z`šÍ K‡i †`L‡j g›` Kx! Ô†kl KLb †L‡qwQwj †i?Õ ÔAv‡Á ciï iv‡Z KËv| LvbwZ‡bK iæwU Avi mewR| †nv‡U‡ji mvg‡b `uvB‡o wQjyg| GKUv ev”Pv †Q‡j w`‡q †Mj|Õ Ôevn&, †Zvi fvwM¨Uv †ek fv‡jv †Zv! `uvwo‡q co‡jB Lvevi †c‡q hvm!Õ ÔnK K_v KËv| bB‡j eveyevwoi eviv›`vq VuvB n‡e K¨vwb| †mB K‡e w_Kv LyuRwZ †b‡MwQ| `v`yi gy‡LB †c_g G-evwoi bvg ïwb| msmv‡i Afve evwo †M‡jB KB‡Zb Ñ evev e`b hw` KL‡bv †LwZ bv cvm, Z‡e eveyevwo P‡j hvwe| †m_vq †KD Afz³ _v‡K bv!Õ e`bv e‡j Kx! wgwˇii †Zv †PvL Kcv‡j IVvi †RvMvo| G †Zv †`LwQ gnv‡Rv‡”Pvi| AvUNvU †eu‡a G‡m‡Q g‡b n‡”Q| Zey GKUv †KŠZ‚nj| hyM hyM a‡i G-evwo‡Z ARmª gvby‡li Abœ-AvkÖq Ry‡U‡Q| Pvi‡kv eQ‡ii e‡bw` cwievi e‡j K_v| `~i`~ivšÍ †_‡K KZ †jvKB bv AvmZ| ey‡Ki QvwZUv †hb Avcbv †_‡KB K‡qK Bw ... Ôewjm Kx †i! n‡ZB cv‡i| eveyevwo‡Z KZ †jv‡Ki cvZ c‡o‡Q| GKUz †Lvjvmv K‡i ej bv!Õ Ôeje KËv, me eje| `v`yi gy‡L †Zv Kg wKPz ïwbwb| Avgv‡`i Avw` wbevm n‡jv wM‡q gywk©`vev`| †mevi bvwK fqvbK evb| K‚jfvOv b`xi †m Kx Av‡µvk! meB †civq fvwm †Mj! GKgvÎ †Q‡j gv‡b Avgvi `v`y‡i wb‡q †Kv‡bvg‡Z cÖvY euvwP‡q KjKvZvi w`‡K nuvUv w`‡jb| gvSc‡_B IjvIVvi Kvgo| ewg Avi cvqLvbvq gigi Ae¯’v| c_PjwZ gvbylB ejj, evey‡`i evwo jBqv hvI| euvPv‡j wZwbB euvPv‡eb| K‡qKRb wg‡j aivawi K‡i eviv›`vq ... GB eviv›`vUvB nq‡Zv n‡e ... GgbB jvj cvbv is †Qj Zvi|Õ Ô_vgwj †Kb? e‡j hv M`©f ...Õ wgwËi ixwZg‡Zv D‡ËwRZ| †eu‡K hvIqv Miv` w`‡q cy‡iv gv_vUvB †ewi‡q Avmvi †RvMvo|

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cuvP

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79

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mvZ

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80

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81

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eªþcy‡Îi wKbv‡i, eyovwc‡ii gvRv‡i, Kvjxevwo †iv‡W, †jvKbv_ gw›`‡ii AvwObvq _‡i _‡i dz‡U _vKv jvj-njy`-Kgjv-mv`v †cje mܨvgvjwZ Avgv‡K †KejB cÖkœ K‡i, Zzwg †Zv LyuR‡j bv! †Kv_vq nvivj †Zvgv‡K †`Lvi Rb¨ mviv‡ejv Db¥yL-e¨vKzj-KiæY mܨvgvjwZ|

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¯§„wZ Avw`Z¨ bRiæj GKw`b e„wó n‡qwQj ... kn‡ii meKwU Mwj Rj †c‡U a‡i Zz‡jwQj †cvqvwZ †Kvgj †XD ...

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Zzgyj e„wó‡Z wf‡R †Zvgvi †Vuv‡Ui wVK gvS †_‡K e„šÍPz¨Z cvcwoi g‡Zv Uzc K‡i S‡i coj `y-GKUv Pz‡gv ... m~² m~² Pz‡gv¸‡jv Kzov‡Z Kzov‡Z †Ku‡c D‡VwQjvg ...

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GKwU welYœ weeiY †`e‡R¨vwZ ivq Mfxi m‡›`n wb‡q †R‡M AvwQ †h‡Z n‡e `~i AÜKv‡i| mvBWe¨v‡M KvMR, Kjg, wKQy eB R‡ji †evZj I jvj i‡Oi MvgQv K…òPZz`©kxi Puv` Avgvi Rb¨ Bb‡njvi wb‡q A‡cÿv Ki‡Q c‡_| ivwÎi eyK wP‡i Zxeª †nWjvBU Rjw½ weª‡Ri Kv‡Q GKwU †kqvj RvZxq moK cvi n‡q Xz‡K coj R½‡j| evZvm K‡g Avm‡Q mvZwU †Nvovi c`kã ey‡Ki †fZi, aKaK Ki‡Q k¦vmK‡ói c„w_ex †Zvgvi †gMvwmwiqvj msjvc cvZvq cvZvq RvwM‡q‡Q †cÖZgg©i AvZZvqxi nvwmi Qvqvq e›`y‡Ki b‡ji kxZj ¯ú‡k© †`Lv n‡jv Avgv‡`i| †Zvgvi `y‡Pv‡L ay-ay evwj nv‡Z Pvwn`vi †k¦ZcÎ Ñ †mvbvi AvOzi dj, c‡Ùi †PŠlwÆ cvcwo, jUvwii wUwKU| †Ku‡c DVj gvm, FZz, KeiLvbvI K¨vbfv‡m Qwo‡q co‡Q w`bhvc‡bi `skbwPý, †auvqv MVbnxbZvi R¨vwgwZ|

Avm‡j Avgiv w`jxc wKË©zwbqv Kvco‡K bv Ly‡j Avm‡j Avgiv kixi‡KB Ly‡j ivwL Kvco †_‡K| ¯‹z‡j wM‡q †`Ljvg Ñ ¯‹z‡j Avwg hvBwb ¯‹zjB †nu‡U G‡m‡Q Avgvi Kv‡Q| evRvi †_‡K AvbvRcvwZ N‡i †nu‡U P‡j Av‡m ûUnvU| wUDeI‡qj Dcyo n‡q bv‡g Kjwm‡Z UzcUvc| GBme A‡bKw`b †_‡K NU‡Q Ñ A_P mvivRxeb Avgiv Dj‡UvUv †`Ljvg Ñ Dj‡Uv ejjvg| wb‡Ri †`vl bv †`‡L Ac‡ii †`vl †`Ljvg| Ac‡ii K…wZZ¡‡K wQwb‡q wbjvg| GwM‡q hvIqvi e`‡j wcwQ‡q †Mjvg| 87

†KvRvMwi iwngv AvLZvi Kíbv †PvL †Zv Kuv‡` bv Avi, †Pv‡L wb`viæY giæ †Pv‡Li Zvivq Rj U‡jvg‡jv Avqbv AvKv‡k evovq evû g‡bvevmbvi Ziæ wd‡i Av‡m nvZ, bxjvKvk Qyu‡Z cvq bv| †PvL †Zv Kuv‡` bv Avi, †Pv‡L wb`viæY giæ †Pv‡Li Zvivq Rj U‡jvg‡jv Avqbv| KL‡bv Avgvi wKQy AvcbR‡biv wQj ZLb Avgvi gvwU‡Z wkwki, ggZv D‡o †M‡j †cvlv cvwL, gvwU‡Z e¨vKzj Qvqv Qvqv gy‡Q †`q we‡f`, †Pbvq mgZv| KL‡bv Avgvi wKQy AvcbR‡biv wQj ZLb Avgvi gvwU‡Z wkwki, ggZv| gyLiv kir G‡j b`x n‡e jvReZx Kvke‡b Zvi KweZvi Kwj Do‡e AvKv‡k iæcvwj †g‡N bxj Rj‡Kwj wbwZ wb‡P `yB cvo ay-ay wccvmvq cyo‡e| gyLiv kir G‡j b`x n‡e jvReZx Kvke‡b Zvi KweZvi Kwj Do‡e| †PvL †Zv e‡j bv K_v, †Pv‡L †KvRvMwi ivZ †Pv‡Li cvZvq weevwM †fv‡ii `xbZv ey×c~wY©gvq †f‡O‡Q KcvU, wLj gb Ry‡o Av‡Q g‡bvgq D`vmxbZv| †PvL †Zv e‡j bv K_v, †Pv‡L †KvRvMwi ivZ †Pv‡Li cvZvq weevwM †fv‡ii `xbZv| 88

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K ZiæY Kwe 1289 e½v‡ãi †fv‡ii m~‡h©v`q †`L‡Z †`L‡Z Abyfe Ki‡jb Zuvi Pviw`‡K †hb KwVb KvivMvi, wjL‡jb, ÔI‡i, Pvwi w`‡K †gvi/ G Kx KvivMvi †Nvi Ñ/ fvO& fvO& fvO& Kviv, AvNv‡Z AvNvZ Ki&|/ I‡i AvR Kx Mvb †M‡q‡Q cvwL,/ G‡m‡Q iwei Ki \Õ †mw`b Kwe IB m~‡h©v`q †`‡LwQ‡jb KjKvZv gnvbMixi m`i w÷ª‡Ui eviv›`v †_‡K| Avevi 1321 e½v‡ã kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡bi cy‡ei jvj AvKv‡k m~‡h©v`q †`‡L gvSeqmx Kwe N‡i G‡m †Lvjv Rvbvjvi †cQ‡b †W‡¯‹ e‡m Rvbvjvi mvg‡b Mv‡Qi cvZvq cvZvq †mvbvwj †ivÏyi †`‡L wjL‡jb, ÔI‡i bexb, I‡i Avgvi KuvPv,/ I‡i meyR, I‡i AeyS,/ Ava-giv‡`i Nv †g‡i ZzB euvPv|Õ ÔwbS©‡ii ¯^cœf½Õ Avi Ômey‡Ri AwfhvbÕ KweZv`ywU iwPZ n‡q‡Q h‡_ó mg‡qi e¨eav‡b Ges `ywU c„_K ¯’v‡b| wKš‘ `yRb Kwei g‡a¨ GKUv †hb Av‡e‡Mi I fv‡ei wgj, cÖ‡Yv`bvi mv`„k¨| GKB Kwe ZiæY eq‡m wj‡LwQ‡jb, Ñ Ô†d‡jv †Mv emb †d‡jv Ñ NyPvI AÂj|/ c‡iv ïay †mŠ›`‡h©i bMœ AveiY|Õ ga¨eq‡m IB Kwe wjL‡jb Ñ ÔwPË †h_v fqk~b¨, D”P †h_v wki|Õ GB iƒcvšÍi ev Z‚ixq ¯Í‡i Av‡ivnY ¯^vfvweK g‡b nq| mg‡qi cÖev‡n fv‡ei cwieZ©b NUvB †Zv ¯^vfvweK| GKUz cÖm½všÍ‡i hvB|

Ômey‡Ri AwfhvbÕ Kwe wj‡LwQ‡jb cÖg_ †PŠayixi Aby‡iv‡a meyRcÎ cwÎKvi cÖ_g msL¨vi Rb¨| hLb Gjvnvev` †_‡K ivgvb›` P‡Ævcva¨q iex›`ªbv_‡K wjL‡jb, wZwb cÖevmx bv‡g GKwU cwÎKv cÖKvk Ki‡Z P‡j‡Qb, Zvi Rb¨ GKwU iPbv PvB, ZLb iex›`ªbv_ cÖ_g msL¨vi Rb¨ wj‡L cvVv‡jb Ñ Ôme VuvB †gvi Ni Av‡Q, Avwg †mB Ni gwi LuywRqv|/ ... N‡i N‡i Av‡Q cigvZ¥xq, Zv‡i Avwg wdwi LuywRqv|Õ IB GKwU KweZvB wj‡L cvwV‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ meyRc‡Îi Rb¨ iex›`ªbv_ wj‡L cvVv‡jb Ñ 1. Ômey‡Ri AwfhvbÕ, 2. Ôwe‡ePbv I Awe‡ePbvÕ I 3. Ônvj`vi †MvôxÕ| cÖ_gwU KweZv, wØZxqwU cÖeÜ, Z…ZxqwU †QvUMí| †evSv hv‡”Q meyRcÎ iex›`ªbv‡_i †mœne„wó‡Z k¨vgj-meyR n‡q D‡VwQj| Ômey‡Ri AwfhvbÕ-G wQj Avagiv‡`i Nv †g‡i euvPvevi WvK| Ôwe‡ePbv I Awe‡ePbvÕq wQj we‡ePbvq mgq bó bv K‡i `ytmvn‡m fi K‡i e„nr Kvh© mgvav Kiv‡Z Suvwc‡q covi cÖ‡ivPbv, Ñ cÖej †cÖiYv| Kx n‡e-bv-n‡e †f‡e mgq bv KvUv‡bvi civgk© I ˆcÖwZ| Avi Ônvj`vi †MvôxÕ‡Z abx Rwg`viZ‡š¿i weiæ‡× PvKwiRxex ga¨we‡Ëi cÖwZ mg_©b-m¤§wZ| iex›`ªbv_ wb‡R Rwg`vi n‡jI †P‡qwQ‡jb ga¨weË I mvaviY †kÖwYi m‡½ wg‡k †h‡Z| Rxebmvqv‡ý wj‡L‡Qb, Ôgv‡S gv‡S †MwQ Avwg I cvovi cÖv½‡Yi av‡i;

89

wfZ‡i cÖ‡ek Kwi †m kw³ wQj bv G‡Kev‡i|Õ Rxe‡b wb‡R hv cv‡ibwb Zv‡KB mZ¨ K‡i‡Qb Ônvj`vi †MvôxÕ‡Z Kíbvq| Zvi bvqK Rwg`vwi †Q‡o PvKwi †e‡Q wb‡q‡Q| meyRcÎ cÖm‡½ wjL‡Z wjL‡Z P‡j †MwQ G‡Kevi Rxe‡bi AwšÍg cÖv‡šÍ| wd‡i Avwm Ômey‡Ri AwfhvbÕ c‡e©| Zvi gv‡b meyRc‡Îi c‡e©| meyRcÎ c‡e©i mgvšÍiv‡j P‡j‡Q ejvKv ce©| GKB c‡e©i `ywU gvÎv Ñ meyRcÎ Avi ejvKv| Avi ÔejvKvÕ gv‡b gy³Q›`, wKQyUv MwZZË¡| GKcÖKvi `vk©wbKZv| ejvKv c‡e©i wc‡Q wc‡Q G‡jv cjvZKv ce©| ivZvivwZ cvj‡U †Mj, Ñ me cvj‡U †Mj, Ñ Q›`, fvlv, fve, welq, Avavi I Av‡aq| ïay ZvB bq, iex›`ªbv‡_i Rxe‡b I m„R‡b †b‡g G‡jv `yt‡Li, hš¿Yvi, †kv‡Ki Kv‡jv Qvqv| wbqwZ Avi Kv‡K e‡j! wKš‘ wbqwZi Kv‡Q nvi bv †g‡b Zv‡K `yt‡Li Av¸‡b cywo‡q bZzb GK iƒc w`‡jb cjvZKvi KweZvq| †Kvb `ytL? Kx‡mi hš¿Yv? cÖ_g `ytL eo †g‡q gvayixjZvi Rxeb| Zvi we‡q w`‡qwQ‡jb Zuvi ¸iæZzj¨ Kwe wenvixjvj PµeZx©i cyÎ ki”P›`ª PµeZx©i m‡½; wKš‘ we‡qUv my‡Li nqwb| iex›`ªbv_ RvgvZv ki”P‡›`ªi m‡½ †Kv‡bv wel‡q K_v ej‡Z †M‡j RvgvZv k¦ïi e‡j, A_ev †bv‡ejcÖvcK e‡j †iqvZ K‡ibwb, cÖPÐ Acgvb K‡ib| gvayixjZv, WvKbvg †ejv, †ewj, evev‡K e‡jb, Ôevev, Zzwg Avi G evwo‡Z G‡mv bv|Õ wKš‘ wKQyw`b c‡i †ejvi Amy‡Li Lei †c‡jb| Av›`vR Ki‡jb †h, kir ¯¿xi wPwKrmv bv K‡i gi‡Yi c‡_ Zv‡K GwM‡q †`‡e| Avevi AcgvwbZ n‡eb †R‡bI iex›`ªbv_ ki‡Zi evwo‡Z G‡jb| G‡m ïb‡jb B‡Zvg‡a¨B †ejvi (m¤¢eZ webv wPwKrmvq) g„Zz¨ n‡q‡Q| G-K_v ï‡b iex›`ªbv_ ZÿYB `iRv †_‡K wd‡i Av‡mb| wKš‘ wZwb wK †ejvi g„Zz¨i Rb¨ KvD‡K Ñ wb‡R‡K A_ev RvgvB‡K Ñ `vqx K‡iwQ‡jb? cjvZKvi Ôgyw³Õ KweZvwU‡Z †h-gyw³i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q, †m-gyw³ †hb †ejvi gnvKv‡k gnvwe‡k¦ gyw³| Avevi Ôwb®‹…wZÕi ev‡ci Ic‡i †hb ki”P‡›`ªi Qvqv| GB evc Kv‡iv c‡ivqv K‡i bv, AZ¨šÍ KwVb ü`‡qi gvbyl Ñ ÔKwVb Avwg †KB ev Rv‡b bv †m|Õ ïay wb‡Ri ¯^v_©‡K Rv‡b| Avevi Ônvwi‡q hvIqvÕ KweZvwUi evgx †hb gvayixjZvB, †h Zvi evev‡K †Ku‡` ej‡Q Ônvwi‡q †MwQ Avwg|Õ Avi evev iex›`ªbv‡_i g‡b nq Zuvi Av`‡ii †g‡q msmvi †Q‡o AvKv‡k wM‡q Zviv n‡q †M‡Q| GB †h ejwQ Ôgyw³Õ, Ôwb®‹…wZÕ I Ônvwi‡q hvIqvÕ‡Z ki”P›`ª I gvayixjZv bZzb iƒc a‡i G‡m‡Q, GB e¨vL¨v wK KóKwíZ e¨vL¨v? ¯úó bv n‡jI AveQv AveQv g‡b nq| Gevi gvayixjZvi Kvwnwb †Q‡o †iYyKvi Kvwnwb‡Z Avwm| †iYyKvi h²v n‡jv| ZLbKvi Kv‡j h²vi †Kv‡bv wPwKrmv wQj bv| A‡b‡K ej‡jb, cvnv‡o cÖK…wZi †Kv‡j wb‡q †M‡j mvi‡Z cv‡i| gv †Zv †bB, †K wb‡q hv‡e, †K †mLv‡b GB †g‡q‡K †`Lvïbv Ki‡e? evevB Pj‡jb †iYyKv‡K wb‡q Avj‡gvov| evevB Zvi †mevhZœ K‡ib| wKš‘ e¨vwaexR †iYyKvi dzmdzm‡K Kz‡i Kz‡i †Lj| †iYyKv gviv †Mj| iex›`ªbv_ GKv wdi‡jb KjKvZvq| †iYyKv‡K wb‡q hvIqv †ijc‡_, Avevi GKv cÖZ¨veZ©b Ñ GB NUbvUv ÔduvwKÕ KweZvwU‡Z m¤ú~Y© iƒc jvf K‡i‡Q| wejvmcyi e‡j †Kv‡bv †÷kb †bB Avj‡gvovi c‡_, Z‡e ZLb nq‡Zv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Rskb †÷kb wQj Ñ GB †hgb GK`v KjKvZv †_‡K nvq`ivev‡` Avm‡Z n‡j †e‡Rvqv`v Rsk‡b †Uªb e`j Ki‡Z n‡Zv| Q‡›`i LvwZ‡i iex›`ªbv_ Rskb †÷kbUvi bvg w`‡q‡Qb wejvmcyi| nq‡Zv cÖK…ZB Avj‡gvov hvIqvi mgq GKUv

90

Rskb †÷k‡b Zuv‡`i I‡qwUsiæ‡g NÈvK‡qK _vK‡Z n‡qwQj Avi †mLv‡b iæw´Yxi NUbvUv N‡UwQj| Ges cwi‡k‡l wcZvi cwiZvc! wk‡í mZ¨‡K bZzb iƒc †Zv civ‡bvB nq| ÔcjvZKvÕi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv MwZZË¡ †bB| Av‡Q mvaviY mvsmvwiK Rxe‡bi K_v| ZvB Gi Q›`, fvlv, ˆkjx me gvgywj Rxeb‡Nulv| ÔejvKvÕi gy³Q›`, hv MwZi m‡½ †g‡j, †mB Q›`‡K cwinvi K‡i ÔcjvZKvÕ wjL‡jb evK&Q‡›` ev K_¨Q‡›`| iex›`ªKv‡e¨i Av‡jvPbvq ÔcjvZKvÕ †hb †ek D‡cwÿZv| Kxfv‡e e¨w³MZ cÖm½ †Kvb K‡j wk‡íi cÖm½ n‡q †ewi‡q G‡m‡Q Zv Av‡jvPbv I we‡køl‡Yi welqB e‡U| me K_vwk‡íi AšÍiv‡j _v‡K ev¯Íe AwfÁZv| Avi Zvi m‡½ _v‡K †mB AwfÁZv‡K m„wói Av¸‡b cywo‡q ev AvL-gvovBK‡j wc‡l bZzb GK iƒc †`Iqvi cÖwZfv| Avevi ÔcjvZKvÕi g‡a¨ jywK‡q Av‡Q bvixgyw³i wPšÍv| GB gyw³wPšÍv e¨w³MZ ¯Íi †_‡K Dw”Q«Z n‡q‡Q gûqvi ÔmejvÕ KweZvq| Ôbvix‡K Avcb fvM¨ Rq Kwievi †Kb bvwn i‡e AwaKvi?Õ bvix wK ïay ÔDe©kxÕ n‡qB _vK‡e? ÔDe©kxÕ µ‡g n‡q I‡V Ôj¨ve‡iUwiÕi †mvwnbx| †mvwnbx Zvi ¯^vgxi weÁvbPP©v I mvabv‡K Zz‡j w`‡Z †P‡q‡Q GK m¤¢vebvgq ZiæY weÁvbxi nv‡Z| wKš‘ †mvwnbx, hvi g‡a¨ De©kxi Qvqv †`L‡Z cvB, †m Avm‡j AvaywbKvi cÖwZg~wZ©| ZvB Zvi ¯^vgxi weÁvbPP©v I mvabv‡K †m Zz‡j w`‡Z Pvq GK ZiæY weÁvbxi nv‡Z| wKš‘ †mvwnbxi B‡”Q I ¯^cœ cÖvPxbZvi cÖwZg~wZ© wcwmgvi B”Qvq cÐ nq| AvaywbKZv I cÖvPxbZvi g‡a¨ Ø›Ø †h KZ Mfxi Zv iex›`ªbv_ fv‡jvB Rvb‡Zb| K_vq K_vq P‡j G‡mwQ mÂwqZvi mxgvbv Qvwo‡q †kl eq‡m †jLv M‡íi cÖm‡½| nVvr coj g‡b 1339 e½v‡ã 31 kÖve‡Y †jLv Ô†kl wPwVÕ KweZvwU| IBw`b wZwb wK e„wói w`‡b DËi KjKvZvi †Kv‡bv c_ w`‡q Mvwo K‡i †h‡Z †h‡Z G‡m c‡owQ‡jb ki”P‡›`ªi evwoi mvg‡b, Mvwo †_‡K †mB evwoUvi mvg‡b w`‡q †h‡Z †h‡Z g‡b coj gvayixjZv-†ewji ¯§„wZ Ñ GB evwoi mvg‡b G‡m GKw`b †ewji g„Zz¨-Lei †c‡q †fZ‡i bv Xz‡K `iRv †_‡KB wd‡i wM‡qwQ‡jb| †ewj †Zv we‡q Ki‡Z Pvqwb, evevi Av`‡iB Rxeb KvUv‡Z †P‡qwQj| wKš‘ mgvR-iƒwcYx gvwmi Pv‡c Zv‡K we‡q w`‡Z n‡jv ki”P‡›`ªi m‡½| Zvi cwiYvg fv‡jv nqwb| g„Zz¨i Av‡M Zvi wK evev‡K †`L‡Z B‡”Q K‡iwQj? †m wK GKv‡šÍ evev‡K †mB B‡”QUv Rvwb‡q wPwV wj‡LI weiƒc ¯^vgxi †PvL Gwo‡q †m-wPwV Wv‡K w`‡Z cv‡iwb| ki”P‡›`ªi evwoi mvg‡b w`‡q †h‡Z †h‡Z Ggb K_v †f‡eB iex›`ªbv_ GB KweZvwU wbg©vY K‡iwQ‡jb wK? Gevi Avevi Ôj¨ve‡iUwiÕ M‡íi cÖm‡½ Ñ mÂwqZvi mxgvbv Qvwo‡q Ñ GKevi wd‡i hvB| Ôj¨ve‡iUwiÕ‡Z AvaywbKZvi cÖZxK †mvwnbxi ¯^cœ cÐ Kivi Rb¨ GK wcwmgv Av‡Qb| †mvwnbx weÁv‡bi PP©v‡K euvPv‡Z †P‡qwQj, wcwmgvi cÖfv‡e cv‡iwb| GB Kvwnwbi m‡½ Zzjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †hvMv‡hvM Dcb¨v‡mi Ñ GLv‡b ¯’‚j gvbwmKZvi, GKcÖKvi Amf¨Zvi cÖwZg~wZ© gaym~`‡bi m~² ms¯‹…wZg‡bi cÖwZg~wZ© wecÖ`v‡mi we‡iva Ñ G †hb ki”P›`ª PµeZx©i m‡½ iex›`ªbv‡_i we‡iva| †Kv‡bvLv‡bB ev¯Íe mZ¨ ûeû cÖwZdwjZ nqwb, m„wóin‡m¨i †Mvcb myo½c‡_ mvwn‡Z¨ iƒc †c‡q‡Q| nq‡Zv G ïayB Avgvi g‡bi Kíbv, Z‡e KóKíbv wK ¯^”QKíbv Zv ms‡e`bkxj cvVK †f‡e †`Lyb| mg¯ÍB †hb m¤¢vebvi mxgvbv Quy‡q Qyu‡q e‡q Pjv wewb`ª iRbxi mgqhvcbv| r

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welv`-wmÜzi gvbm-cwiPh©v : G-mg‡qi †Pv‡L knx` BKevj

†Qv

Ƈejvi wKQz ¯§„wZ, AvZ¥fÄb k‡Z©, cvVK‡`i ej‡Z PvB| cÖm½ welv`-wmÜzi Mí| ivwÎi jɇbi Av‡jvq ZLb Ñ myi K‡i wcZv cvV Ki‡Qb nvmvb-†nv‡mb ev gvmnve Kv°vi Mí| gv I Zuvi mšÍvbiv AkÖæ I fq wb‡q Zv ï‡b P‡j‡Qb| eywS mwZ¨B Auvavi-Nbv‡bv AÜKv‡i `yj`yj †Nvovq Avmxb †nv‡mb Lye wec`MÖ¯Í| AÜKv‡i †nu‡U Avm‡Qb eywS wZwb! GgbUv PjwQj cÖvq cÖwZw`b, Z‡e †Rvi w`‡q wmwiqvmwj cov nq gniig gv‡mi cÖ_g `k w`b| hv †nvK, GLb wk‡ivbvgw¯’Z Ô†jKPvim Ab A¨vm‡_wU·Õ| `vk©wbK wdI`i †n‡M‡ji wkí-cÖKiYwelqK G-wk‡ivbv‡gi †fZ‡i GLb Avgvi wk‡ivbvgwUi A_© e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z PvB| MÖš’wUi cÖ_g L‡Ði cÖKvk (1885-92)| †m-m~‡Î welv`-wmÜzi cÖKvk Ñ Dwbk kZ‡Ki cwiYwZ-c‡e©| Zvi Av‡M ew¼g †Pv‡ÏvwUi g‡a¨ AwaKvskB wj‡L †d‡j‡Qb| ew¼gP›`ª Zuvi RxerKv‡j ïay Dcb¨vmB wj‡L‡Qb Ñ Zv bq| g~j¨evb wPšÍvkxj gb‡bi cÖe‡Üi PP©vI K‡i‡Qb| Im‡ei wfwË, cvðvZ¨ wPšÍKMY| ey‡S wbB, K‡jvwb-kvmb ZLb cwiYZ| cUf‚wg cÖmvwiZ| K‡jvbvBRvie„›` †R‡b †M‡Qb, K‡jvbvBRW AskwU Avi wb‡R‡`i †Kv‡bvfv‡eB ÔAwRÁvm¨Õ ivL‡Z Pvq bv| ivR‰bwZK `j-mfv-mwgwZ-msN Iu‡`i cÖwZcÿ‡K A¨vjvU© Ki‡Q| HwZwn¨K-mviwY cybM©wVZ Ki‡Z PvB‡Q| mnvqZv ev cÖfve mij I AvKl©K K_v| GLb hLb welv`-wmÜz wb‡q wjL‡Z ewm, ZLb gybxi †PŠayix [gxi-gvbm, 1964] †_‡K kvšÍby Kvqmvi [Z…Zxq gxi (1994)] †cwi‡q G‡g †m‡Rqvi, d«vrm dvbb a‡i G`yqv`© mvC`-Kw_Z [ÔNarrative is crutial to my argument

here, my basic point being that stories are at the heart of what explores and novelists say about strange regions of the world, they also become the method colonized people use to assert their own identity and existence of their own historyÕ]

AvZ¥cwiPq I AvZ¥-BwZnv‡mi Aw¯ÍZ¡ †Pbv-†LuvRv I Rvbv Ges Zvi A_©enZvi mgmvgwqK D‡Øvab-Kjv wbY©q Riæwi e‡j g‡b nq| GB Awbevh© wbY©q, Gÿ‡Y Riæwi| M`¨Kvi gxi gkviid †nv‡mb Avgv‡`i K‡jvwbi MíKvi| Zuvi c~e©R †jLK n‡Z cv‡ib gyKz›`ivg ev ZviI Av‡Mi †KD, Avi GKv‡j KvjxcÖmbœ-c¨vixPuv` n‡q ew¼gP›`ª| Zuviv wea„Z †jLvmg~‡n GB kvwmZ f‚L‡Ði Mí ïwb‡q‡Qb Ñ n‡Z cv‡i

Zv Zuv‡`i Kv‡ji ev c~‡e©i| Z‡e GB KvwnwbB wK welv`wmÜz? Z‡e Gi bZzb ZË¡ Kx? cÖm½Z, †h-AvZ¥K_b w`‡q ïiæ K‡iwQ, Zv kZe‡l©i c‡ii ÔcÖ‡qvRbÕ Ñ Ges †m-cÖ‡qvRbwU wbwg©Z ¯^v‡`wkK I ¯^fvlvi KiY‡KŠk‡ji †fZi a‡i wbYx©Z| †evSv‡Z PvB, GL‡bv †h K‡jvwb-kvmb †bB, Zv bq| Ki‡cv‡iU-cyuwRi AvMÖvmb awi‡q †`q, be¨-K‡jvbvBRvi‡`i †fŠwZK, iMi‡M †fvMevw`Zvi weµxZ AšÍtmvi GLbKvi e¨w³| Zuviv MZ cuvP‡kv eQ‡ii ZË¡MZ cÖwZcv‡`¨ Zv‡`i fzuB‡duvo †UKwbK‡K [jyKvm/ evLwZb (ZË¡v‡jvPbvq Zuviv Aek¨B AkÖ‡×q bb)] Pvwc‡q †`q Ñ Avgv‡`i K‡jvwb-K_vKvi‡`i Ici| GwU K‡jvbvBRvi‡`i ÔIfvi‡KvUÕ| GLb Avgv‡`i ÔK‡jvbvBRWÕ [Ki‡cv‡iU-K‡jvwb] Kb‡U·‡Ui GB Ifvi‡KvU †Lvjvi welqwU Avg‡j wb‡q Dcb¨v‡mi mgm¨v‡K hvPvB‡qi wbwgË ¯^v‡`wkK I ¯^fvwlK ZË¡c‡U welv`-wmÜzi m„wókw³‡K (Ô†jKPvi Ab A¨vm‡_wU·Õ e‡jwQ) Avg‡j wb‡Z PvB, GK A‡_© †bIqvi †Póv Kwi|

91

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ÔD”Q¡vmgq M`¨Õ Ñ K_vwU welv`-wmÜzi AvL¨vb-MVb m¤ú‡K© GL‡bv MZvqy nqwb| welq I Avw½‡Ki H‡K¨ G-Uvg© †hŠw³K gvb¨| Kxfv‡e? D`vniY : ÔcÖ_g K_v‡ZB Rqbv‡ei g‡bi fve GwR` A‡bK Rvwb‡Z cvwiqv‡Qb, myZxÿè QzwiKvI †`wLqv‡Qb| †m A¯¿ Zvnvi e‡ÿ ewm‡e bv, huvnvi A¯¿, ZuvnviB eÿ, ZuvnviB †kvwYZ Ñ wKš‘ webv AvNv‡Z, webv i³cv‡Z, Zuvnvi ü`‡qi i³ AvRxeb kix‡ii cÖwZ †jvgK‚c nB‡Z †h A`„k¨fv‡e Swi‡Z _vwK‡e, ZvnvI wZwb eywSqvwQ‡jb|Õ (D×vi ce© 29) Av‡iv GKwU D×…wZ : Ôwewe Rqbve! ... kZ mnmª Pÿz Avgv‡K †`wL‡Z Jrmy‡K¨i mwnZ e¨¯Í nBj, †Kej Avcbvi `yB PÿzB N„Yv cÖKvk Kwiqv Avov‡j AšÍ×v© b nBj| †m w`‡bi †m An¼vi KB? †m †`vjvqgvb KY©vfiY †Kv_v? †m †Kk †kvfv gy³vi Rvwj †Kv_v? G fxlY mgq Kvnvi Rb¨? G †kvwYZ cÖevn Kvnvi Rb¨? wK †`v‡l GwR` Avcbvi N„Yvn©? Kx Kvi‡Y Avcbvi P‡ÿi wel? wK Kvi‡Y `v‡g‡¯‹i cvUivYx nB‡Z Avcbvi Awb”Qv?Õ (D×vi ce© 3) D”Q¡vmgqZvi †fZ‡i GKwU K…wó GLv‡b M‡o I‡V| G K…wó †Kgb? †`kvj, ˆ`wkK, cÖvP¨xq, Avmgy`wª ngvPje¨vcx| gx‡ii welv`-wmÜzi †K‡›`ª GwR`-Rqb‡ei ÔiƒcRÕ †cÖg| cøU I cwiwk‡ói †g‡mRI ZvB| wKš‘ †mBwUB Dcb¨v‡mi (hw` Dcb¨vm ewj!) ¸iæZ¡ bq, ¸iæZ¡ K‡jvbvBRW K…wói mwÜrmv Ñ GKv‡ji we‡kl‡Z¡| Ôga¨hyMxq ag©‡PZbvi RxebwegyL Av”QbœZv‡K AcmvwiZ K‡i Bn‡jv‡Ki Bw›`ªqciek gvbe-gvbexi nl©‡kv‡Ki gnvg~j¨‡K wZwb †h Kí‡jv‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb, †mUvB Zuvi †kÖô cwiPq|Õ GB cwiP‡qi †fZ‡i †`e-`vbe, A‡jŠwKKZ¡ wKsev wek¦v‡mi AvwZk‡h¨i †P‡q eo n‡q

D‡V‡Q ÔgvbylÕ| †Kgb gvbyl? cÖvK…Z ev AšÍ¨R ev Av_©bxwZK k‡Z©i MY-gvbyl, mij-mvaviY gvbyl| Ôcywu RÕ Zvi AbymiY-we›`y| K_K e‡jb, ÔA_©! nvq‡i cvZKx A_©!!Õ wKsev ÔA_©B Ab‡_©i g~jÕ| gkviid gnvKv‡e¨i mg‡q gnvKve¨ iPbv K‡ibwb, wj‡L‡Qb M`¨-gnvKve¨ ÔDcb¨vmÕ| M`¨ d‡g©i wkí| †Kb? †Kb-i †fZ‡iB AvL¨v‡bi Zvrch© wbwnZ| †h-cywu RweKwkZ mgv‡R gxi R‡b¥‡Qb Ñ †mLv‡b K‡jvwbkvm‡bi GKwU ch©vq wZwb ¯úk© K‡i‡Qb Ñ cÖm½Z, welv`-wmÜz iPbvi cÖvq kZel© c~‡e© jW© Kb©Iqvwj‡mi ÔwPi¯’vqx e‡›`ve¯ÍÕ (1793) Rvwi n‡q‡Q| ewYK‡kÖwY ˆZwi n‡q‡Q| KjKvZvq cÖkvmwbK e¨e¯’vi cvkvcvwk AvBb-wePv‡ii Av`vjZ e‡m‡Q| dviwmi e`‡j Bs‡iwRi ¸iæZ¡ †e‡o‡Q| ivóªxqfv‡eB †m-¸iæZ¡ ˆZwi K‡i me©Î †m-j‡ÿ¨ Kv‡Ri gvbyl m„wó Ki‡Q| KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi MÖ¨vRy‡qU ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq, K‡jvwb kvmKiƒ‡c †WcywU g¨vwR‡÷ª‡Ui c` cv‡”Qb| wZwb wkíxI| ÔKgjvKvšÍÕ bv‡g Zuvi wb‡Ri K_v ej‡Z n‡”Q| gxi gkvii‡di AvL¨vb IB K‡jvwb-cÖfvweZ Ñ d‡j wkíx-gkviid Avi e¨w³-gkvii‡di Ø›Ø Zxeª Ñ †hgbUv gaym~`b ev ew¼gP‡›`ªi g‡a¨I wQj| iv‡gi cwie‡Z© iveY Avi †nv‡m‡bi cwie‡Z© GwR` Ñ bvq‡Ki Avm‡b AwaK…Z| †mLv‡b †m i³gvsmiƒcx mvaviY, Bw›`ªq-KvgyK evmbv `ywe©bxZ e¨w³| ÿgZv wKsev Zrm„ó cÖfve-cÖwZcwË mvgšÍ aviYvcÖm~Z n‡jI †m bxwZåó, ÔcvcxÕ, ag©åó, GKcÖKvi eªvZ¨I| DrmecÖvYZvq ficyi †m| d‡j Zvi weKvk fqsKi, cÖjqwebvkxI| gybxi †PŠayix e‡jb : ÔiY‡ÿ‡Î ˆmb¨ cwiPvjbvq †m AKz‡Zvfq, iƒcR †gv‡n ÿZweÿZ nIqvi g‡Zv ms‡e`bkxj ü`‡qi AwaKvix| ¯^cÿxq K…Zx ˆmwbK‡K cyi¯‹vi `v‡b †m gy³n¯Í, Amnvq e›`xwb‡K jvwÃZ Ki‡Z †m KzwÉZ| Zvi AZ¨vPv‡ii g‡a¨ b„ksmZv I wbg©gZv _vK‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ ÿz`ªZv I bxPZv †bB|Õ G wbðqB †Kv‡bv ag© ev cyivYvwkÖZ PwiÎ bq| ü`qB gyL¨| †m gvbeü`q| Gi Av`‡j ev MV‡b G‡`‡ki gvwU-HwZn¨, cyuwR-cÖfvweZ jÿ‡Yi Bn‡jŠwKK avivwU cybM©wVZ| G `vqwU gxi-gvb‡m wQj| cÖm½Z, Ô...a moral synthesis in the opposite direction, or one that is very clearly distinct, is formed or rather devolps under the stress of circumstances. It is by no means new; it carrieson a tradition of some standing; that of classicism and rational philosophy as we have them in the eighteenth century. But economic and social forces enter more than ever into cooperation with it.Õ Ñ gx‡ii welv`-wmÜz

iPbvi cwi‡cÖwÿZ Ggb AwfcÖv‡q Awe‡eP¨ g‡b nq bv| mvwn‡Z¨i Ô†gBb B¤úvjmÕ Kx? gxi gymwjg K…wó I HwZ‡n¨i Dcv`vb‡K †h A‡jŠwKK †ivgv‡Ý AvL¨v‡b cÖ‡ek Kivb Zv †Kv‡bv †f` ev ag©-eY© Av‡iv‡c bq| eis Zv in‡m¨i wbM‡oB Abyiæ×| Zv‡Z K¬vwmK ev i¨vkbvj wPšÍvi cÖweóZv _v‡K| †hgb D×vi c‡e©i 25 cÖev‡n gviIqvb e‡j, ÔAvwg †Zv †Zvgvi g‡Zv g~L© bwn †h KviY, Kvh© I hyw³ Ae‡njv Kwiqv †Kej Ck¦‡ii cÖwZ Pvwnqv _vwKeÕ wKsev Ô†Q‡j n‡jv †gvm‡j‡gi, gv_v KvwU‡e †Rqv`, Zvnv‡Z †Zvgvi P‡ÿ Rj Avwm‡e †Kb?Õ Ñ GiKg ¯^v_©v‡š^lx PwiÎ ey‡R©vqv jÿYvµvšÍ, hw`I welv`-wmÜz‡Z fv‡jv-g›` ai‡bi †h-PwiÎ Aw¼Z n‡q‡Q Zv‡Z bxwZåó Avi bxwZhy³i wecixZ ؇›Ø GKw`‡K agx©q, Ab¨w`‡K Aag©ceÖ Y Pwi‡Îi mij fv‡M mdj RbwcÖq AvL¨v‡bi gh©v`v AR©b K‡i| G-AR©‡b gvbweK †eva I Abyfw‚ Zi ¯^iƒc wePvh© Ñ hv Ôco-operation with itÕ|

92

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93

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94

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K‡i GK‡cU wL‡` wb‡q †Zvgiv GLv‡b wM‡q Kx cv‡e? mg‡eZ : Kx cve, mviv? mviv : m¨v-b-W-D-B-P! VvÛv cvbxqI _vK‡e| hvi hZ Lywk LvI| GB dj giï‡gi mg¯Í bZzb QvÎQvÎxi AvR bexbei‡Yi w`b! mviv P‡j †h‡ZB Av‡R©w›Ubvi wdwjc †µU e‡j DVj, ÔAvevi †hb ¯‹vDU K¨v‡¤ú P‡j G‡mwQ|Õ nv nv nvwmi niiv QyUj| mevB †hb A‡íB eo †ewk nvm‡Q| Av‡gwiKvq Avm‡Z †c‡i mevB wK eoB Lywk? Nievwo, wcÖqRb †Q‡o wZbgv‡mi Rb¨ cÖev‡m AvMg‡bi D‡ØM Pvcv †`Iqvi D‡Ï‡k¨ GB nvwm? bvwK B›Uvib¨vkbvj ivBwUs †cÖvMÖv‡g GB AvBIqv Avm‡Z †c‡i mK‡jB fve‡Q, GB †Zv eyKvi, cywjrRvi, †bv‡e‡ji c_ Ly‡j †Mj! gvqvbgv‡ii Kwe Avgv`vqys my Avs Zvi †QvÆ †cvwb †Uj gvK©v SzuwU †b‡o ejj, Ôm¨vÛDBP DBP DBP| DB K¨vb †Mv Bfb dvi| Uz BU G DBP DBP| Uz †mf G Wjvi|Õ Avevi nvwm| Avevi nBPB| †hb wQwc †Lvjvi A‡cÿv wQj| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB noeo K‡i ej‡Z Pvq Wjvi euvPv‡bvi †P‡q ev¯Íe Avi wKQyB nq bv| A¨v‡j· : wÎk Wjv‡i fvZ-Wvj Lve, bv g` wMje, kvjvi wKmy¨ n‡e bv| `yw`‡bB dzwi‡q hv‡e| wdwjc : ïay g` Lve| Zvn‡j Avi wL‡`B cv‡e bv| RR© : hv e‡jQ| Z‡e Av‡gwiKvq g` m¯Ív| iæev : wÎk Wjv‡ii g‡a¨ cuvP Wjvi euvPve| †g‡qiv Lye mshgx| cuwPk Wjv‡i wed Avi weqvm©| wPqvm© wPqvm©| g` bv †L‡q _vK‡Z cvie bv evcy! wdwjc : †g‡qiv wb‡Ri A_© iÿv K‡i, cyiæl‡`i c‡KU duvKv K‡i †`q| ZvB Avgvi †Kv‡bv Mvj©‡d«Û †bB| Avwg †M| eÜziv, †Mvov‡ZB e‡j †`Iqv fv‡jv Avwg mgKvgx| †NvwlZ Ges weevwnZ mgKvgx| A¨vB A¨vg G †M †M †M| A¨vwb cÖe‡jg? †gvwj : mgm¨v Avevi Kx! GUv hvi hvi e¨w³MZ e¨vcvi| RR© : AvwgI †M| mwZ¨ K_v ej‡Z Kx, evwo †_‡K Avgv‡K †Rvi K‡i GKwU †g‡qi m‡½ we‡q w`‡qwQj| Avwg gvbwmKfv‡e GKRb bvix| wKš‘ kvixwiKfv‡e cyiæl| Avwg wnR‡oI bB wKš‘| Avi cuvPRb cyiæ‡li g‡Zv Avgvi ¯^vfvweK wj‡½vÌvb nq| gb I kixi GKB Q‡›` bv Pj‡j †h Kó, Zv Avwg KvD‡K †evSv‡Z cvwi bv| Avevi gvbwmKfv‡e bvix nIqvq Avwg Rvwb, igYewÂZ bvixi `ytL Kx| ZvB Avgvi ¯¿xi Rb¨ Avgv‡K cyiæ‡li Awfbq Ki‡Z nq| Avgvi GKUv †Q‡j Av‡Q| eqm AvU| Rvwb bv eÜziv, GB Aí cwiP‡qB GZ e¨w³MZ cÖm‡½ P‡j †Mjvg †Kb| Avgv‡`i GB K¨v‡¤úi Avqy gvÎ wZb gvm| ZvB GK ivwÎ GKm‡½ _vKv gv‡b nq‡Zv cuvP eQi GK‡Î KvUv‡bv| Avkv Kwi Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q AwcÖq n‡q hve bv, †hgb n‡qwQ Avgvi evev-gv, Avgvi ¯¿xi Kv‡Q| Avgvi ¯¿x Avgvi ¯^vgx‡K gvb‡Z cv‡i bv| wdwjc : Avgvi †m-mgm¨v †bB| Avgvi ¯^vgx Av‡Q| Avgiv †KD KvD‡K †Q‡o _vK‡Z cvwi bv| `y-mßvn c‡iB evwb© Avm‡e Avgvi Kv‡Q| Giv †Zv Avevi `y-nßvi †ewk KvD‡K _vK‡Z †`‡e bv| BqvKf : †`‡e bv †Kb? †Zvgiv wb‡Ri Li‡P _vK‡e| A‡÷ªwjqvi A¨vwjm Ryb GKUv Avjv`v A¨vcvU©‡g›U wb‡q‡Q ei Avi †g‡q‡K wb‡q _vK‡e e‡j| wdwjc : AZ LiP Kiv hv‡e bv BqvKf| RR© : eis wKQy Wjvi euvP‡j c‡ii wd‡j¥ Xvjv hv‡e| Avgvi †cÖwgK Avgv‡K †Q‡o K‡ó _vK‡e| wKš‘ wei‡n AvKl©Y ev‡o,

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Rv‡bv †Zv? mgxi : AvwgI †Zvgv‡`i `‡j| gv‡b †M| evwo‡Z e‡j w`‡qwQ, cvÎx-UvÎx †`‡Lv bv| Avgiv Av`‡Z fviZxq wQjvg| Av‡Rv fvi‡Zi A‡bK wbqgKvbyb Avgv‡`i cwiev‡i i‡q †M‡Q| Avgvi mgKvwgZv evwo‡Z †KD gvb‡Z ivwR bq| GUvI †h ¯^vfvweK, cÖK…wZcÖ`Ë, Zv †ev‡S bv| eo KwVb GB Aw¯Í‡Z¡i jovB| †jv‡ibwUbv : Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv Av‡Z¥vcjwäMZ mgm¨v †bB? wdwjc : Kx ej‡Z PvI? †jv‡ib : AvB‡WbwUwU µvBwmm gvB †d«Û| †Zvgiv hLb wbwðZ †h †Zvgiv †`‡n cyiæl g‡b bvix, Zvn‡j wj½ cwieZ©b K‡i wb”Q bv †Kb? RR© : DËiUv wK Avwg w`‡Z cvwi wdwjc? wdwjc : wbðqB RR©| RR© : mgKvgx gv‡bB wj½ cwieZ©bKvgx bq| GKUv mgq mgKvgx‡`i g‡a¨ GB cÖeYZv †ewk wQj †h, kixiUvI cvjUv‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ AvaywbK †PZbv cÖK…wZcÖ`Ë kvixi MV‡bi cwieZ©‡bi weiæ‡×| A_©vr †Lv`vi Ici †Lv`Kvwi †Kv‡iv bv| kixi wb‡q mgm¨v †bB †Zv| †gvwj : wVK| ZZÿYB mgm¨v hZÿY AvZ¥wbY©q Ki‡Z Amywe‡a _v‡K| evwKUv †Zv evwn¨K jovB| mgv‡Ri m‡½, cwiev‡ii m‡½| wdwjc : Zzwg wK mgKvgx †gvwj? †Zvgvi †`‡k wK mgKvg AvBbmsMZ? †gvwj : bv wdwjc| Avgvi G-wel‡q GKUv Dcb¨vm Av‡Q| wKQy cov‡kvbv K‡iwQ| ZvQvov, Avwg Lye KvQ †_‡K †`‡LwQ| Avgvi `yB evÜex wQj, IB, hv‡K e‡j †jmweqvb| BwÛqv GL‡bv mgKvg AvBbmsMZ e‡jwb, wKš‘ Av‡›`vjb Pj‡Q| mvaviY gvby‡li m‡PZbZv evo‡Q| wkMwMiB nq‡Zv AvB‡bi QvocÎ wgj‡e| Bwkgv‡Zv mywRqv‡bv, Rvcvwb ivBUvi, cyZz‡ji g‡Zv nvZ-cv †b‡o fvOv Bswj‡k e‡j DVj, Ôwnqvi †bv Mvj© †bv †nv‡gv‡PKPzqvj|Õ Avevi AÆnvm¨ K‡i DVj mevB| †Kvwiqvb mvBqyb Agwjbxi Mv‡q Mv-†Nu‡l `uvwo‡q ejj, ÔfxlY D‡ØM †eva K‡iwQjvg|Õ j¤^v Pzj mvBqy‡bi| †mvbvwj Mv| cvZjv jvj †VuvU Avi wQcwQ‡c kixi| evwe© cyZz‡ji g‡Zv my›`i †m| Lye Pvcv¯^‡i K_v e‡j, †hb m`vmZK©, hv‡Z †KD Zvi K_v ï‡b bv †d‡j| †m wgwó †n‡m Agwjbxi nvZ Qyu‡jv| †gvwj : †Kb mvBqyb? mvBqyb : Rv‡bv, Qwe‡Z †Zvgvi †PvL †`‡LB †Zvgv‡K Avwg fv‡jv‡e‡mwQ| ZLb †_‡KB Zzwg Avgvi eÜz| fv‡jv Bswjk ej‡Z cvwi bv| wKš‘ Zzwg †R‡bv, †Zvgvi ü`q Avgvi ü`‡q wg‡k wM‡q‡Q| Zvi gv‡b wK Avgiv mgKvgx? †gv‡UB bv| Avwg mgKvg N„Yv Kwi| fve‡j Mv ¸wj‡q I‡V| hw` ej‡Z Zzwg †nv‡gv‡m·yqvj, `yt‡L †Ku‡` †djZvg| Zzwg I‡`i N„Yv K‡iv bv? †gvwj : bv mvBqyb| KvD‡KB N„Yv Ki‡Z †bB| Gme Avi †ev‡jv bv| Iiv ïb‡j `ytL cv‡e| mvBqyb : cv‡e bv| Iiv Af¨¯Í| A‡a©K `yywbqv mgKvgx‡`i N„Yv K‡i| †gvwj : †`‡Lv, evB‡iUv Kx my›`i! P‡jv b`xi av‡i hvB| wKš‘ mvBqyb b`xi cv‡i †h‡Z PvBj bv| Zvi †Piv †PvL, j¤^v Pzj, cvZjv †VuvU Avi my›`i kvixi MVbm‡gZ †m N‡i wd‡i †h‡Z PvBj| wdj¥ †Kv¤úvwbi w¯ŒÞ †j‡L †m| Zv‡K KvR

cvVv‡Z n‡e| Ac~e© my›`ix mvBqyb Abvqv‡m g‡Wj n‡Z cv‡i, Awf‡bÎxI| †m my‡hvM Zvi Av‡Q, wKš‘ †m Gme wKQyB Pvq bv| †m wd‡j¥i w¯ŒÞivBUvi †_‡K GKRb cy‡iv`¯‘i ivBUvi n‡Z Pvq| hw`I Zv‡Z †ivRMv‡ii AwbðqZv| †m ejj, Zvi eû KvR Av‡Q| jZ KwgZ‡gšÍ| †m GKv bq, A‡b‡KB hvi hvi N‡i wd‡i †Mj| Agwjbx, BqvKf, †R‡iwgm, iæev, wR‡bU Avi A¨v‡j· †ewi‡q G‡jv evB‡i| †ek Pov †iv`| AvKv‡ki bxj †hb †Kv‡bv wkíxi gm„Y K¨vbfvm| Lye my›`i wKQy wPwýZ nIqvi A‡cÿvq bxwjg cÖni ¸b‡Q| wZiwZi K‡i b`x eB‡Q| †gcj, mdUDW, DB‡jv, Rywbcvi MvQ¸‡jv AvKv‡k Wvjcvjv †g‡j `yj‡Q nvIqvq| cvZvq is †j‡M‡Q Aí Aí| nuv‡mi `j muvZ‡i P‡j‡Q DRvb †e‡q| wKQy`~i AšÍi b`x cvivcv‡ii †mZz| Mvwo ev †ij cvi nIqvi PIov †mZzwU IB `~‡i †Pv‡L c‡o| evwK me nuvUvi Rb¨| eo‡Rvi evBK| A_©vr evBmvB‡Kj| Av‡iv GKwU e¯‘ e¨eüZ nq| Zvi bvg †ivjvi †eøW| nwjDW wd‡j¥ Lye †`Lv hvq| †`o-`y dzU j¤^v, BwÂPv‡iK PIov cvZ, Zjvq †ivjvi †¯‹U‡mi g‡Zv PvKv jvMv‡bv| GKwU cv Zvi Ici Zz‡j Ab¨ cv‡q gvwU‡Z Pvc w`‡jB MwZ †c‡q hvq †ivjvi †eøW| wb‡Ri †`‡k G-wRwbm KíbvB Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Agwjbx| Gi Rb¨ gm„Y I wek¦vm‡hvM¨ iv¯Ív PvB| b`xi cv‡i GKwU euvav‡bv NvU| Pjc‡_i avi †Nu‡l emvi †Pqvi| cv‡k †gcj MvQ| Lye †ewkw`b nqwb †ivwcZ n‡q‡Q| wK‡kvi MvQwUi Qvqvi e„Ë mevi c‡ÿ h‡_ó bq| Zviv †KD †Pqv‡i emj, †KD Nv‡mi Ici| BqvKf gm„Y cwi®‹vi iv¯Ívq m~h©cÖYvg ïiæ Kij| Zv‡K †`‡L DrmvwnZ n‡q A¨v‡ivwe· KmiZ †`Lv‡Z ïiæ Kij A¨v‡j·| Le©v½, †k¦ZKvq, Aí eq‡m †Kkweij A¨v‡j· LyeB k³‡cv³| AZ¨šÍ wÿcÖ †m| `~‡i †Lvjv AvKv‡ki wb‡P meyR Nv‡mi avc| Bgy-i GKwU †i‡¯Íviuv IB avc cvi n‡q, Xv‡ji Ic‡ii w`‡K| †Lvjv mywe¯Í…Z eviv›`vq †jvnvi †Uwej-†Pqvi| A‡b‡K j¨vcUc Ly‡j e‡m Av‡Q| Nv‡mi avc †hb cÖvK…wZK M¨vjvwi| Kv‡QB GK DuPz SuvKov †gcj MvQ| M¨vjvwii Dj‡Uvw`‡K b`xi cvo eivei cÖvq Kzwo dzU j¤^v I dzUPv‡iK DuPz cÖvPxi| Zvi Mv‡q g euvav n‡q‡Q| ivÿz‡m w¯úKvi¸‡jv g‡Âi `yw`‡K| BqvKf : mܨvq Mvb-evRbv n‡e| †R‡iwgm : Ny‡gi `dvidv| Avgvi Ni †Zv Kv‡QB| †gvwj : BqvKf, Zzwg fiv †c‡U m~h©cÖYvg KiQ †Kb? BqvKf : fzj KiwQ| wKš‘ ZzwgB e‡jv, Ggb RvqMv, g‡b nq bv †`ŠovB, e¨vqvg Kwi, †Lwj? GKUzI `~lY †bB| ay‡jv-†auvqv †bB| kã †bB| Kvj †_‡K Lye kixiPP©v Kie| †R‡iwgm : AvwgI fvewQ Kvj †_‡K QyUe| jyewjqvbvq Aek¨ `~lY †bB| wKš‘ GLvbKvi g‡Zv GZ †Lvjv RvqMvI †bB| Z‡e BqvKf, GLv‡b GK iv‡ZB Avwg k‡ã cvMj| iægv : Kx‡mi kã? †R‡iwgm : †fwÛs †gwk‡bi| Avgvi N‡ii Dj‡Uvw`‡K †hLv‡b Iqvwks †gwkb, †mLv‡b `y‡Uv wekvj †fwÛs †gwkb Av‡Q| mvivÿY kã| Dcm| GLv‡b G‡m Avwg cÖ_g †h KweZvwU wj‡LwQ, Zv IB †fwÛs †gwkb I Iqvwks †gwkb wb‡q| ÔGLv‡b Kx n‡”Q ïwb, Avgv‡K ev` w`‡q?Õ Agwjbx ZvKvj| Kv¤^v Nv‡jv›`vi nv‡Z nvZ Rwo‡q iæ_ iæcvU©, m‡½ wm½vcy‡ii †Rwbdvi Rys I B‡qi‡gb †fivjU| cÖkœUv iæ‡_i| gv_vq AmsL¨ wK¬c Gu‡U Pzj¸‡jv wMuU cvwK‡q †eu‡a †i‡L‡Q iæ_| cy‡iv cv XvKv mø¨v·, UvBU MvDb I Ic‡ii †cvkvK| gyL, nv‡Zi cvZv ev` w`‡j Zvi mvivkixi XvKv wKš‘ mg¯Í D”PvePZv

cÖKU, GgbwK cwigvc‡hvM¨| †QvU †QvU †PvL iæ‡_i| Lye j¤^v bq, Le©I bq| Zv‡K †`LvgvÎ Agwjbxi A¯^w¯Í n‡Z jvMj| GZRb ivBUv‡ii g‡a¨ GKgvÎ GB †g‡qwU‡K †m cÖ_g `k©‡b AcQ›` K‡i e‡m‡Q| Zvi ewntcÖKvk †bB| wKš‘ Avwg Zv‡K eyS‡Z cviwQ| †KD KvD‡K †`LvgvÎ †Kb AcQ›` K‡i? GK-GKRb wK AwZ-ms‡e`bkxj wPšÍvZi‡½i AwaKvix, hv w`‡q †m Aci †Kv‡bv Zi‡½i g‡a¨ wbwnZ Aciv ev civkw³i mÜvb cvq?

Avwg hw` kixi aviY Kwi, hw` Zv‡K gy‡LvgywL cvB, Av‡iv Mfxi K‡i eySe wK? †m †hb GB Suv‡Ki g‡a¨ †_‡KI †bB| iæ_ iæcv‡U©i w`‡K †m PvBj bv ch©šÍ| †R‡iwgm nvZ evwo‡q ejj, ÔKvgb iæ_|Õ A¨v‡j· : Zzwg †hvM w`‡jB Avi †Zvgv‡K ev` †`Iqv n‡jv bv| iæ_ : Kx bgbxq kixi †Zvgvi A¨v‡j·| gvBwWqvi nvRe¨vÛ, †Zvgvi kixi wK GiKg? Kv¤^v : †m †Zv †Zvgvi fv‡jv Rvbvi K_v gvBwWqvi IqvBd| wR‡bU : Avgvi †Kv‡bv nvRe¨vÛ †bB GLv‡b| Gw`‡K gv_vUv Ggb e¨_v Ki‡Q| †R‡iwgm : Avwg bvbviKg gvmvR Rvwb, hv‡e bvwK Avgvi N‡i? wR‡bU : e‡qB †M‡Q †Zvgvi m‡½ †h‡Z| †R‡iwgm : P‡jv P‡jv! nvRe¨v‡Ûi Afve eyS‡ZB †`e bv| †Rwbdvi : Kx ev‡R iwmKZv †R‡iwgm!

B‡qi‡gb : wR‡bU, Avwg wK †Zvgvi gv_vUv wU‡c w`‡Z cvwi? wR‡bU : Lye DcKvi nq B‡qi‡gb| wR‡b‡Ui †cQ‡b `uvwo‡q gv_vq ïkÖƒlv Ki‡Q B‡qi‡gb| Aviv‡g wR‡b‡Ui †PvL eÜ n‡q Avm‡Q| †Rwbdvi e‡j DVj, ÔAvnv Avgv‡KI hw` †KD GKUz w`Z|Õ ÔAvwg w`w”Q †Rwbdvi|Õ BqvKf GwM‡q G‡jv| †Rwbdvi : _¨vsK BD| Avwg GL‡bv ch©šÍ GLv‡b me‡P‡q eq¯‹| Avgvi GLb 62| wKš‘ Avwg g‡b Kwi Avwg 22| BqvKf : Zzwg †Zv LyeB my›`ix †Rwbdvi Ges G‡°ev‡i ev”Pv| †Rwbdvi : BqvKf, Zzwg †Zv Kwe, ZvB bv? Rv‡bv Avwg AvR ch©šÍ GKUvI KweZv wjwLwb| wR¤^vey‡qi cÖvewÜK B‡_‡¤^v Av`bv‡k‡K wb‡q G‡m `uvovj †jv‡ibwUbv| ejj, ÔGUv †Zv gvmvR cvijvi n‡q wM‡q‡Q †`LwQ|Õ iæ_ : †Zvgvi PvB bvwK? †R‡iwgm Lye fv‡jv gvmvR Rv‡b| †R‡iwgm : bv bv| Avwg dvRjv‡gv gviwQjvg| †jv‡ib : Avwg gvmvR wb‡Z LyeB fv‡jvevwm| iæ_ : †m gvmvR cvijvi Zzwg me RvqMvq cv‡e| GKMv`v Wjvi †b‡e, GB hv| wÎk Wjv‡i gvmv‡Ri Avivg †c‡Z †M‡j Avgv‡`i cyiæl †jLKivB fimv| Av`bv‡k : Gfv‡e e‡jv bv iæ_| Iiv †Zv DcKvi Ki‡Q| Avgiv †jLKiv GLv‡b eÜz| cyiæl †jLK, †g‡q †jLK Avevi wK! GB wew”Qwi †RUj¨v‡Mi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i mevi gv_v Aíwe¯Íi wXmwXm Ki‡Q| †jv‡ib : †Zvgv‡K †K ejj iæ_ †h Avwg IB wÎk Wjv‡ii c‡ivqv Kwi? iæ_ : Avgiv mevB Kwi| †jv‡ib : Avwg Kwi bv| †Rwbdvi, Zzwg †hb Kx ejwQ‡j?

Zzwg KweZv KL‡bv †j‡Lvwb? Ggb †jLKI nq †h KL‡bv KweZv †j‡Lwb? A¨v‡j· : Avwg wjwLwb| Avgvi we‡qUv hLb †f‡O †Mj,

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`yt‡L Lye g` wMjZvg| eÜziv ejj, Gevi A¨v‡j· bvU¨Kvi †_‡K Kwe n‡q hv‡e| wKš‘ GKwU KweZvI G‡jv bv| KweZv Kx K‡i Av‡m †mUvB eywS bv Avwg| †jv‡ib : we‡q fvOj †Kb A¨v‡j·?

Agwjbx †jv‡ibwUbv‡K †`Lj fv‡jv K‡i| A™¢zZ gwnjv| Ggb e¨w³MZ cÖkœ Ggb ¯^ívjv‡c K‡i bvwK? Ab¨iv fve‡jknxb nIqvi fvb Ki‡Q| A¨v‡j· `y‡Uv wWMevwR †Lj cici| ejj, ÔAvgvi `‡jB †m Awfbq KiZ| LyeB fv‡jv Awf‡bÎx| Avgvi cÖ_g wdj¥ Zv‡K wb‡qB evwb‡qwQ| †`Lve †Zvgv‡`i| Lye †ivgvw›UK| we‡qi c‡i Avwg Zvi meB †g‡b wbw”Qjvg| bvix¯^vaxbZv ej‡Z AvRKvj †g‡qiv hv hv †ev‡S, Zvi meUvB| wKš‘ †m †hw`b Avgv‡K bv Rvwb‡q åƒYnZ¨v K‡i G‡jv, Avi cvijvg bv|Õ iæ_ : †Kv‡bv †g‡q gv n‡Z Pvq wK bv †mUv Zvi wbR¯^ wm×všÍ A¨v‡j·| Av`bv‡k : wbðqB| GgbwK gv nIqvi Rb¨ †Kv‡bviKgfv‡e †Rvi KivI hvq bv| †mUv e¨w³¯^vaxbZvi we‡ivax| bvix wb‡RB Zvi kix‡ii AwaKvix| Ab¨ †KD bq| kixiwelqK †h-†Kv‡bv wm×všÍ †bIqvi m¤ú~Y© ¯^vaxbZv bvixi Av‡Q| A¨v‡j· : `uvovI `uvovI| Avwg `v¤úZ¨ Rxe‡bi K_v ejwQ| IB mšÍv‡bi Ici AvgviI A‡a©K AwaKvi wQj| KvD‡K gv nIqvi Rb¨ †Rvi Kiv e¨w³¯^vaxbZvi we‡ivax, KvD‡K †Rvi K‡i wcZ…Z¡ †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv e¨w³¯^vaxbZvq n¯Í‡ÿc bq? cyiælgvbyl wn‡m‡e Avgvi cÖvc¨ AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv bq? iæ_ : ev”Pv GLbB PvI wK bv G e¨vcv‡i †Zvgiv Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ‡j wK? A¨v‡j· : wKQy g‡b †Kv‡iv bv iæ_, Zzwg wK weevwnZ? I nu¨v, Zzwg ejwQ‡j e‡U, †`‡k †Zvgvi ¯^vgx Av‡Qb| iæ_ : Avgvi †Q‡jI Av‡Q A¨v‡j·| A¨v‡j· : Zvn‡j †Zv Rv‡bvB, ev”Pv memgq Av‡jvPbv K‡i nq bv| †Rwbdvi : Av‡i Avgiv KweZvi e¨vcv‡i K_v ejwQjvg| Av‡j·, LyeB `ytLRbK †h †Zvgvi we‡q †f‡O †M‡Q| wKš‘ AZxZ wb‡q †f‡e Kx jvf? Zzwg LyeB ZiæY| †Zvgvi Rb¨ my›`i Rxeb A‡cÿv K‡i Av‡Q| BqvKf, †Zvgv‡K AmsL¨ ab¨ev`| Zzwg Gevi e‡mv †Zv| Avwg LyeB Avivg †c‡qwQ| †kv‡bv, Avwg Bqvc I‡qemvB‡U †Zvgvi KweZv c‡owQ, fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q| Avgv‡K e‡jv Kx K‡i KweZv wjL‡Z nq| BqvKf : Av‡i KweZvB †Zv Avwg covB| wek¦we`¨vj‡q KweZv wb‡q †jKPvi †`IqvB Avgvi KvR| G‡Z Avgvi †Kv‡bv K¬vwšÍ †bB| †Rwbdvi : Avgv‡K KweZv †jLv †kLv‡e| †R‡iwgm : KweZv †jLv KvD‡K †kLv‡bv hvq bvwK? †m hvi Av‡m Zvi Av‡m| †Rwbdvi : Zvn‡j Avi ivBUvm© IqvK©kc K‡i Kx jvf n‡jv? †h hv cv‡i bv, Zv‡K a‡i wkwL‡q `vI| GB n‡jv ivBUvm© IqvK©kc| bv n‡j evlwÆ eQi eq‡m Avgvi Gm‡ei Kx `iKvi wQj? Avwg wQjvg wm½vcyi miKv‡ii wiRvf© e¨vs‡K FY wefv‡Mi cÖavb| †m-RMr GZB M`¨gq †h-KweZv co‡ZI fz‡j wM‡qwQjvg| Avi BqvKf †Zv KweZvi Aa¨vcK| Av”Qv Avgv‡K e‡jv †Zv, KweZv Kx K‡i Av‡m| BqvKf : KweZvi AmsL¨ e¨vL¨v Ges e¨vL¨vZxZ Zvi Drm| Kvi g‡b †Kvb Abyfe †h Kve¨ iPbvi †cÖiYv wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e Zv ejv k³| GKgvÎ KweB Zv ej‡Z cv‡i| †R‡iwgm : KL‡bv Zv-I cv‡i bv|

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BqvKf : wVK| ZvB KweZv‡K Avwg †`wL GK‡d«mwZK wjZv‡iPvi wn‡m‡e| wKsev GK‡d«mwZK †cv‡qZwi| †Rwbdvi : GK‡d«mwZK gv‡b Kx? †R‡iwgm : GK‡d«mwUK| GUv GKUv wMÖK kã| gv‡b eY©bv| BqvKf : ïay eY©bv bq| GK‡d«wmm gv‡b GKB m‡½ wØgvwÎK AwfÁZv| Zzwg †hfv‡eB †`‡Lv, KweZvi wØgvwÎKZv Av‡Q| Drm Ges cÖKvk| cÖKvk Ges A_©| A‡_©i wewfbœZv| A‡bK mgq `yB †_‡K KweZv P‡j hvq eûgvÎvq| Avevi KweZvi GK Aeqe Av‡Q| KweZvi `„k¨ A_ev `„k¨ †_‡K KweZv| a‡iv GKUv Qwe, †mUv KweZvi Drm n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi a‡iv GKUv AwfÁZv, †mUvI †Zv Qwe| Aw¼Z wPÎ Avi ev¯Íe wPÎ, `yB-B †Zv Qwe, Avevi Zvi †_‡K †jLv KweZv, †m-I GKUv Qwe ˆZwi K‡i| †R‡iwgm : G wi‡jkbwkc weUzBb ... weUzBb IqvW©m A¨vÛ B‡g‡Rm| BqvKf : wVK| GUvB Avwg ej‡Z PvBwQ| KweZvi Drm Ges cÖKvk, KweZvi A_©‡KI cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| †Rwbdvi Zzwg Rvb‡Z PvI KweZvi Drm Kx| Avwg ejjvg cÖ_gZ KweZvi Drm AÁvZ| ZLb †Kej cÖKvk I A_© `ywU gvÎv| hw` Drm ÁvZ nq, ZLb Drm I A_© A‡bK KvQvKvwQ| cÖKvk ZLb GKUv aib gvÎ| GKUv dg©| Avwg GKUv D`vniY w`B| g¨vwm‡Wvwbqvb †cv‡qU †eøR †Kv‡bmwKi GKUv KweZv| ÔG wfwRU Uz G wgDwRqvg|Õ Their arms touched each other in silent excitement at the entrance of the small hall./ They sat together, closely, on the bench./ They had no need to talk about their life - they just stared at Claude Monet’s Red water Lilies and behind them, in silence, Picasso’s Guernica. †Zvgiv mevB †gv‡b Ges wcKv‡mvi GB Qwe¸‡jvi m‡½ cwiwPZ| GLv‡b KweZvUv ïay kã w`‡q †jLv bq, Qwe w`‡qI †jLv| Kv¤^v : GB eZ©gvb mg‡q GK‡d«mwUK †cv‡qwUª ej‡Z wVK Kx †evSvq Zvi GKUv e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb †Rgm †ndvig¨vb| ÔIt represents works of art within the content of a museum, which of course, includes words that surround the pictures we see, beginning with picture titles.’

BqvKf : ab¨ev` Kv¤^v| GK`g mwVK D×…wZ| GLv‡b cÖkœ n‡jv, hviv Qwe¸‡jv †`‡Lwb, Zviv Kx K‡i eyS‡e? Zviv IB †evSvi Rb¨ Qwe¸‡jv †`L‡e| KviY AvZ©IqvK© BR G wfmyqvj K¨vZvwj¯Í Ad †cv‡qgm| Avevi KweZvi ga¨ w`‡qI wPÎKjvi be¨v_x©KiY N‡U| KweZv wb‡q hviv KvR Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡`i wPÎKjvi RMr m¤ú‡K© mg¨K aviYv ivLv DwPZ Ges KweZvi K¬v‡m Avwg cÖ‡RKUv‡i wewfbœ Qwe †`LvB QvÎQvÎx‡`i| we‡klZ BD‡ivcxq wPÎKjvi bvbv hyM, hv mvivwek¦‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i‡Q| †jv‡ib : †K ejj?

BqvKf : gv‡b? †jv‡ib : †K ejj BD‡ivcxq wPÎKjv mvivwek¦‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i‡Q? †Zvgiv, BD‡ivcxq Ges Av‡gwiKvbiv g‡b K‡iv †Zvgiv hv †j‡Lv, hv Auv‡Kv, hv †L‡jv, evwK wek¦ ZvB AbymiY K‡i Ges †mUvB Kiv DwPZ| wR‡bU : nu¨v, Kiv DwPZ| Av‡gwiKv †Zv †mw`‡bi †`k| Zvi Av‡M BD‡ivcB †Zv Gwkqv I Avwd«Kv‡K mf¨, mywkwÿZ K‡i‡Q| AvU© I wjUv‡iPv‡ii aviYv w`‡q‡Q| BD‡ivcxq wPÎKjv c„w_ex‡K mg„× K‡i‡Q, Ki‡e| †Rwbdvi : eÜz wR‡bU, †Zvgvi K_v ï‡b g‡b n‡”Q,

BD‡ivcxq ms¯‹…wZi cÖPvi I cÖmv‡ii wecyj `vqfvi Zzwg †¯^”Qvq Kuv‡a Zz‡j wb‡qQ| wKš‘ Mjv Pwo‡q ej‡jB †Kv‡bv e³e¨ hyw³msMZ nq bv| Zzwg wK cÖvPxb ˆPwbK ev Rvcvwb wPÎKjv †`‡LQ? Zzwg fvi‡Zi gyNj AvU© †`‡LQ? ivgvqY-gnvfviZ gnvKve¨ wK Rv‡bv? †eŠ× Mí, ms¯‹…wZ I `k©b KZ cÖvPxb ej‡Z cvi‡e? cÖvPxb gw›`‡ii ¯’vcZ¨, ARšÍvi wPÎKjv wK Zv Rv‡bv?

A¨v‡j· : ivgvqY-gnvfviZ gnvKve¨, †eŠ×`k©b, Gm‡ei m‡½ KbdzwRqvb `k©‡bi K_vB ev` hvq †Kb? †Rwbdvi : Avi AvU©Iqv‡K©i iKg‡di Av‡Q| AvU©IqvK© ïay wPÎKjv bq| Avwd«Kvb gyy‡Lvk¸‡jvI Amvgvb¨ AvU©IqvK©| †m¸‡jv †`‡LI KweZv Rb¥v‡Z cv‡i| †jv‡ib : mg¯Í hy‡M, mg¯Í mf¨Zvq wbR¯^ wkí‰ewkó¨ ˆZwi nq| †Kv‡bvUv e¨vcK cÖmvwiZ| †Kv‡bvUv wbw`©ó A‡j mxgve×| †hUv‡K Avgiv ewj †jvKwkí| Avgvi cÖkœ †mUv bq, Avgvi K_v n‡jv, †h-†`k AbybœZ, `wi`ª, Zviv †Kv_vq Kw¤úDUvi cv‡e, †Kv_vq cÖ‡RKUi? Kxfv‡eB-ev Zviv c¨vwi‡mi jyfi †`L‡e wKsev wbDBq‡K©i †gvgv? Zviv hv wkL‡e, †hfv‡e KweZv‡K Rvb‡e, Zv wK Z‡e c~Y© wkÿv n‡jv bv? iæ_ : †Zvgv‡K Gme fvev‡e| Gi g‡a¨B ¸Mj K‡i wb‡qwQ| †Zvgvi †`‡k evnvËi kZvsk †jvK wbiÿi| wnwn! wR‡bU : Kvi Rb¨ †j‡Lv Zzwg, †K eB †K‡b, †K c‡o? nv nv! †jv‡ib : wb‡Ri Rb¨| Avgvi g„Z †g‡qi Rb¨| eB‡qi cvVK me©Î Av‡Q wR‡bU| Zzwg `ytL‡eva †Kv‡iv bv| A¨v‡j· : Kx n‡qwQj †g‡qi? †jv‡ib : eøvW K¨vÝvi| †lv‡jv eQi eq‡m †m Avgv‡`i †Q‡o hvq| Avwg Av‡M KL‡bv Kve¨-mvwnZ¨ wjwLwb Rv‡bv| †m hLb gviv †Mj, Zvi weQvbvq ï‡q Av‡Q, †hb Nywg‡q Av‡Q| Avgvi g‡b n‡jv, Avðh©, †m Av‡Q, Avevi †m †bB-I| Kx k~b¨Zv! Kx fqsKi k~b¨Zv! Zv‡K Lei †`Iqvi ci Avwg N‡i G‡m `iRv eÜ K‡i w`jvg| Avgvi mg¯Í Kvbœv KweZv n‡q †e‡iv‡Z jvMj| Avwg Avgvi gv‡K fxlY fv‡jvevwm| Avwg Avgvi †g‡q‡`i fxlY fv‡jvevwm| gvZ…Z¡ GK we¯§q, AZ¨šÍ A_©en| gvZ…Z¡ GK Avðh© inm¨gq kw³, hvi Kv‡Q cÖ‡Z¨K gvbyl‡K bZRvby n‡Z nq! iæ_ : LyeB `ytLRbK †jv‡ibwUbv| wKš‘ GB Av‡eM w`‡q Zzwg BD‡ivcxq wPÎKjvi †kÖôZ¡ AcÖgvY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|

Kv¤^v : Ggb GKUv Mfxi `yt‡Li cÖm‡½ †Zvgvi GB cÖwZwµqv! †`‡Lv, A¨v‡j· Avi B‡qi‡gb †PvL gyQ‡Q| gvBwWqvi IqvBd, †K †Zvgvi bvg w`‡qwQj iæ_! Zzwg †Zv iæ_‡jm! iæ_ : Avgv‡K Acgvb KiQ Zzwg Kv¤^v| †R‡iwgm : GZ Kov bv n‡jI PjZ Kv¤^v| iæ_ Z‡K©i gy‡W Av‡Q| Z‡e †jv‡ibwUbv, Avgvi Lye Kó n‡”Q| Avgiv mevB †Zvgvi Rb¨ Kó cvw”Q| †gvwj : cÖm½Uv cvjUv‡bv hvK| wPÎKjvB Av‡jvPbvi welq †nvK| wKsev KweZv| wKsev mvwnZ¨| †`‡Lv, Avgvi g‡b nq wkí-mvwn‡Z¨i †Kv‡bv †`k †bB, gnv‡`k †bB| †hgb weÁv‡bi ev As‡KiI †Kv‡bv †`k nq bv| wjIbv‡`©v `v wfwÂ, f¨vb MN, wjewbUR, MvDm ev AvBb÷vBb, KvdKv, †jviKv, Kvgy, †kK&mwcqi ev AgZ©¨ †mb Ñ Guiv wK mvivwe‡k¦i bb? imv¯^v`‡bi Dcvq _vK‡jB m„wó wek¦Rbxb n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| †kÖô‡Z¡i wePvi †K Ki‡e? ZzjbvB-ev Kx‡mi Rb¨? cÖPvi I cÖmvi Avgv‡`i mywe‡a †hgb †`q, gb‡K cÖfvweZI K‡i| Gi †cQ‡b _v‡K kw³| ÿgZv| †h-†`k hZ †ewk ÿgZvai n‡q I‡V, Zvi fvlv, wkí, mvwnZ¨I ZZ AvMÖvmx nq| †Rwbdvi : Avwg wm½vcywiqvb| eskvbyµ‡g PvqwbR| we‡q K‡iwQ wf‡qZbvwg‡K| Bswjk Avgvi g~j fvlv| wKš‘ Avwg K¨vb‡UvwbR Rvwb, wf‡qZbvwgR Rvwb| g¨vbWvwibI Rvwb Aek¨| Avwg Avi Avgvi ei MZevi BD‡ivc Uz¨‡i †ewi‡q †`Ljvg cÖ‡Z¨K †`‡ki MvBWiv AvRKvj PvqwbR Rv‡b| Pvqbv BR G·c¨vwÛs, Pvqbv BR cvIqvidzj| A¨v‡j· : Av‡gwiKv PvBwbR‡`i fxlY cvËv †`q| wbD‡R GKiKg, Avm‡j Ab¨iKg| Pvqbv Av‡gwiKvi A_©‰bwZK †giæ`Ð Kz‡i Lv‡”Q| jvBK G weUj| Avgvi Kv‡Q Lei Av‡Q Bqv‡ci LiPvi weivU Ask PvBwbR KwgDwbwUi Aby`vb| mewKQy‡Z PvqwbRiv cÖavb| †`‡LQ, Avgv‡`i ¯^vMZc‡Î GK PvqwbR Kwei KweZv w`‡q‡Q| †K †m? †Kib? Zvi bvgI ïwbwb| †m Avgvi bv nq ÔÁvbÕ Kg| ZvB e‡j KweZvUv fv‡jv n‡e bv? Avgvi AšÍZ fv‡jv jv‡Mwb| †gvwj : ¯^vMZcÎ?

A¨v‡j· : †`‡Lvwb? †`L‡e ivLv Av‡Q| Bgyi †eªvwkq‡i| [Pj‡e]

121

msMxZ

i

iRbxKvšÍ †mb : Rxeb I Mvb `xcv e‡›`¨vcva¨vq

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RbxKvšÍ †mb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z wM‡q iv‡R¨k¦i wgÎ `ytL K‡i e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔBwZnv‡mi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv cÖ‡Póv ¯^fveZB Avgv‡`i g‡bvfv‡ei g‡a¨ †bB, msMxZ m¤^‡Ü HwZnvwmK cÖhZœ †h Av‡iv Kg n‡e, ejvB evûj¨| AvR iRbxKvšÍ‡K ¯§iY K‡i `yt‡Li m‡½ GB K_vUvB g‡b co‡Q|Õ (evsjvi MxwZKvi I evsjv Mv‡bi bvbv w`K, iv‡R¨k¦i wgÎ, wRÁvmv) RxweZve¯’vq iRbxKv‡šÍi Mv‡bi QUv †hfv‡e †gvwnZ K‡iwQj Zuvi cwicvk¦©‡K, g„Zz¨i ci Zv w¯ÍwgZ n‡qwQj AwP‡iB| wPišÍb hv wKQy Zvi ¯’vwqZ¡ Wz‡e wM‡qI †f‡m _v‡K Ñ GB mZ¨‡K cÖgvY K‡i‡Q Zuvi Mvb| mv¤úÖwZK mg‡q Zuvi Mvb MxZ n‡”Q, Zuvi Mv‡bi PP©v Zuv‡K Ges Zuvi mgq‡K Rvbvi AvMÖn ˆZwi K‡i‡Q msMxZ‡ev×v, wkíx I †kÖvZv‡`i g‡a¨| Zuvi Mvb GLb cÖPvigva¨‡g cÖPvwiZ n‡”Q, Abyôv‡b MvIqv n‡”Q hv iRbxKvšÍ Zuvi RxweZve¯’vq †`‡L †h‡Z cv‡ibwb| iRbxKvšÍ Zuvi mgMÖ Rxeb KvwU‡q‡Qb KjKvZvi bvMwiK ms¯úk© †_‡K `~‡i| R‡b¥wQ‡jb wmivRM‡Äi †mb es‡ki m”Qj GK †hŠ_ cwiev‡i| †m-mgq wmivRMÄ wQj cvebvi AšÍM©Z GKwU gnKzgv| Zuvi evev wQ‡jb mveRR Avi R¨vVv IKvjwZ Ki‡Zb ivRkvnx‡Z| ˆkk‡e `k eQi eqm ch©šÍ Zuvi Rxeb †K‡U‡Q wbwe©‡Nœ| †R¨ô‡`i AvKw¯§K AKvjg„Zz¨ cwiev‡i wb‡q Av‡m wech©q| ivRkvnxi †h-KzwV‡Z cvwievwiK wecyj A_© ivLv wQj Zv nVvr †`Dwjqv n‡q hvIqvq Zv‡`i Ic‡i †b‡g Av‡m AfvweZ Avw_©K wech©q| cov‡kvbvq †gavex wQ‡jb| ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ri cov‡kvbv †kl K‡i AvBb c‡o msmv‡ii `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z nq Zuv‡K| Gi g‡a¨ gvÎ AvVv‡iv eQi eq‡m Zuvi weevn nq| msmvi-mšÍvb me wgwj‡q Ck¦i-wek¦vmx bxwZev`x hyeK iRbxKvšÍ AvcÖvY †Póv K‡i‡Qb mrc‡_ †_‡K RxweKv AR©b Ki‡Z| Zuvi mijZv, mZ¨evw`Zv, bxwZev` IKvjwZ †ckvi Rb¨ Dchy³ wQj bv| †h QjPvZzix, evK&cUzZv I K‚U‡KŠkj GB †ckvq cÖ‡qvRb wZwb wQ‡jb Zv †_‡K `~‡i| G-Kvi‡Y IKvjwZ †ckvq Zuvi mvdj¨ Av‡mwb| Avw_©K wecbœZv wQj Zuvi wbZ¨m½x| iRbxKv‡šÍi Mv‡bi ga¨ w`‡q †h-gvbylwUi Qwe Avgv‡`i mvg‡b †f‡m I‡V wZwb cig Ck¦iwbô, fMer‡cÖ‡g KvZi AvZ¥Zzó GKRb gvbyl, cÖPviwegyL bv n‡jI AvKv•ÿvi ZxeªZvq Av”Qbœ nbwb KL‡bv| wKš‘ Rxe‡b †h eûgyLx AwfÁZv _vK‡j m„wó‰kjx‡Z AwfbeZ¡, ˆewPΨ Av‡m, iRbxKv‡šÍi Rxe‡b †mB AwfÁZvi Afve wQj| mv`vwm‡a Rxe‡b Af¨¯Í iRbxKv‡šÍi w؇R›`ªjvj ivq wKsev AZzjcÖmv` †m‡bi g‡Zv cvwievwiK HwZn¨, mvsMxwZK cwigÐj, cvðvZ¨ wkÿv Ges msMx‡Zi AwfÁZv †Kv‡bvUvB wQj bv| †hgb mvaviY wQj Zuvi Rxeb, Zuvi Mv‡bi evYxgq Kve¨, †Zgwb msMx‡Z myicÖ‡qv‡Mi e¨vcv‡iI wZwb wQ‡jb mvaviY| Zuvi Mv‡b ivMmsMx‡Zi cÖ‡qvM _vK‡jI ivMwgkÖ‡Yi evûj¨ ev Q‡›`i KviæKvh© †bB| †bB Zv‡bi PgK| Zuvi Mvb cÖv_©bvi Mvb, wb‡e`b I mgc©‡Yi Mvb| Av‡iv ¯úó K‡i Rvbvi Rb¨ iv‡R¨k¦i wgÎ Zuvi Mvb m¤^‡Ü hv e‡j‡Qb †mUv GKUz †`‡L wb‡Z cvwi| ÔiRbxKv‡šÍi

my‡ii g~j ˆewkó¨ ivMwgkÖ‡Yi wVKB, wKš‘ Zuvi ¯^fv‡ei mijZv m~²Zvq bq Ñ my‡ii w`K †_‡K wZwb Zuv‡K †Kv‡bvw`b GB RvMwZK we‡k¦i Lye GKUv Kjv‡KŠkj m¤úv`‡bi w`‡K Pvicv‡k Qwo‡q _vKv †mŠ›`‡h©i w`‡K hvbwb, fviZxq msMx‡Zi wewfbœ aviv AvK…ó K‡iwb, Mvb †M‡q AvZ¥Z…wßi wb‡q †h wZwb cixÿv K‡i‡Qb ZvI †f‡m hvIqv iRbxKvšÍ wb‡Ri mwZ¨Kv‡ii wkíxi g‡a¨ wbišÍi Avb‡›` bq Ñ Zuvi iPbvq wZwb GK AwZ †fZ‡i _vKv ¯^we‡ivwaZvi mÜvb cweÎ kvšÍi‡mi mv›`ª cwi‡ek m„wó Aw¯’iZv Avi Ac~Y©Zvi †eva cvbwb| K‡i‡Qb| GB kvšÍimB Zuvi msMx‡Zi iex›`ªbv_, w؇R›`ªjvj, KvR K‡i| m„wóK‡g©i †fZi g~j Av‡e`b| msMx‡Zi w`K †_‡K AZzjcÖmv‡`i mgmvgwqK MxZmªóv w`‡q wb‡R‡K Qvwc‡q hvIqvi n‡qI wb‡R‡K iRbxKvšÍ fw³-fv‡ei GB AK…wÎg mij-kvšÍim cwi‡ekb Kiv Lye mnR KvR bq| e¯‘Z, GB MwÐi g‡a¨ ew›` K‡i ivL‡jb, †mLvb B”Qv †fZ‡i KvR bv Ki‡j mnR wRwbmUv Avm‡j eoB k³| †_‡K †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cvi‡jb bv| mvg‡b GwM‡q hvIqvi c_ mij-mnR Rxebhvcb Kiv k³, gd¯^‡ji ÿz`ª MwÐi g‡a¨ ew›` _vKvq mvwn‡Z¨i Ges wk‡íi †ÿ‡ÎI mnR Zuvi gb nq‡Zv cvLv †gj‡Z cv‡iwb cÖmvwiZ nq bv| iRbxKvšÍ Ges mij iPbv myKwVb e¨vcvi| `~i AvKv‡ki Amxg bx‡j| KjKvZvi wb‡R‡K fvO‡jb bv, fvO‡Z †Zgwb msMx‡Zi †ÿ‡ÎI GKwU bvMwiK mgv‡Ri mvwbœ‡a¨ Avm‡Z mnR-mij Ges my›`i iPbv `yj©f| cvi‡jb bv| ivRbxwZi †h-DËvc fvO‡ZB wb‡R‡K M‡o wb‡Z †h-†Kv‡bv we`¨vq we‡kl `ÿZv Ges ZLb Qwo‡q cowQj †`‡ki wewfbœ cvi‡Zb bZzbfv‡e, Mfxi AšÍ`„©wó bv _vK‡j GKwU my›`i, cÖv‡šÍ, we‡kl K‡i KjKvZvq, Zvi bZzb K‡i| mij Ges ¯^vfvweK m„wó nq bv| m‡½I wb‡R‡K hy³ K‡ibwb wZwb| iRbxKvšÍ Zuvi myMfxi im‡eva †_‡K gd¯^‡ji kvšÍ, w¯’i Rxe‡b iRbxKvšÍ GB my›`i msMxZ m„wó K‡i‡Qb| `ytL, Ggb †Kv‡bv wel‡qi m‡½ hy³ nbwb, †kvK, AvKzjZv, kÖ×v, mgc©Y Ñ hv Zuvi Rxeb‡K bvov w`‡Z cviZ, cÖwZwU wewPÎ Abyf‚wZ w`‡q Mov Zuvi Zuvi Mv‡b Avb‡Z cviZ AwfbeZ¡, myi ü`‡qi Mnb †_‡K ¯^ZtDrmvwiZ ˆewPΨ| NUbvwenxb Rxeb, mgS`vi n‡q G‡m‡Q Ges Zuvi ¯^”Q, mij, my›`i MwZ †kÖvZv‡`i ü`‡q †kÖvZvwenxb msMxZ, Pig Avw¯ÍK¨ev` Zuvi `„wó-gb‡K Av”Qbœ K‡i mÂvwiZ n‡q wmœ» imv‡e‡k wPˇK kvwšÍ‡Z wbgMœ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| †i‡LwQj, ZvB meLv‡bB wZwb wPieÜz KiæYvwbS©‡ii Dcw¯’wZ Zuvi my‡ii GwUB g~j K_v|Õ (evsjvi MxwZKvi Ges evsjv Mv‡bi Dcjwä K‡i‡Qb| e‡j‡Qb Ñ Ômy›`i Ze my›`i me, †hw`‡K wdivB AuvwL|Õ GKRb wkímªóvi Rb¨ GB Abyfe Zuvi m„wói bvbvw`K, iv‡R¨k¦i wgÎ, wRÁvmv) iRbxKv‡šÍi Mv‡bi mnR-mij ¯^vfvweK †mŠ›`‡h©i K_v c‡_ mxgve×Zv ˆZwi K‡i| mvg‡b GwM‡q hvIqvi c_ iæ× K‡i ej‡jI iv‡R¨k¦i wgÎ Zuvi Mv‡b MfxiZvi Afv‡ei K_v †`q| mwZ¨Kv‡ii wkíxi g‡a¨ wbišÍi Aw¯’iZv Avi Ac~Y©Zvi e‡jbwb| gy³Mjvq cÖv‡Yi Avb‡›` Mvb MvB‡Z fv‡jvevm‡Zb| †eva KvR K‡i| m„wóK‡g©i †fZi w`‡q wb‡R‡K Qvwc‡q hvIqvi †kÖvZv Av‡Q wK †bB †m-e¨vcv‡iI Zuvi åæ‡ÿc wQj bv| KÉ B”Qv †fZ‡i KvR bv Ki‡j mvg‡b GwM‡q hvIqvi c_ cÖmvwiZ hLb iæ×, evK&kw³ ¯Íä, ZL‡bv Zuvi Mv‡bi Av‡eM †_‡g nq bv| iRbxKvšÍ wb‡R‡K fvO‡jb bv, fvO‡Z fvO‡ZB wb‡R‡K _v‡Kwb| nvZ w`‡q Mvb iPbv K‡i‡Qb, nvi‡gvwbqvg evwR‡q M‡o wb‡Z cvi‡Zb bZzbfv‡e, bZzb K‡i| wkíxi Rxe‡b †Zv cyÎ-cwiRb‡`i w`‡q ZuviB cyi‡bv †Kv‡bv my‡i euvav Mvb Zuvi fvOvMovi †LjvB P‡j| Amgvß AvZ¥Rxebx‡Z iRbxKvšÍ wb‡RB ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb wb‡`©‡k †M‡q ïwb‡q‡Qb Zuviv| KjKvZvi mgS`vi †kÖvZv‡`i Kv‡Q Zuvi Mvb bv †cuŠQv‡jI ivRkvnxi abx Rwg`viiv wQ‡jb Zuvi Rxeb Ôÿz`ª, ˆewPΨnxb Ges bximÕ| GB Av‡Z¥vcjwäB Zuvi Mv‡bi ¸YMÖvnx †kÖvZv| wkíx wn‡m‡e iRbxKvšÍ †c‡q‡Qb †Zv Zuv‡K Rxe‡bi ˆewP‡Î¨i mÜvb w`‡Z cviZ| Zv n‡j Gu‡`i AvbyK‚j¨| wKš‘ msMx‡Zi †h-†kÖvZv †c‡j Zuvi Mv‡bi fzeb Avgiv Zuvi KvQ †_‡K fw³MxwZi AwZwi³ Av‡iv bvbv ai‡bi n‡Z cviZ Av‡iv DbœZ, †Zgb †kÖvZv wZwb cvbwb| iRbxKv‡šÍi Mv‡bi ¯^v` †cZvg| Zuvi mgmvgwqK MxZ-iPwqZviv msMx‡Z g‡a¨ GKwU wkïgb jywK‡q wQj| †mB gbwU ˆkke †cwi‡q Avi cixÿv-wbixÿvi ga¨ w`‡q evsjv msMxZ‡K hLb AvaywbKZvi mvevjK n‡Z cv‡iwb| hLbB †h Zuv‡K †W‡K‡Q, ZvrÿwYK Mvb c‡_ GwM‡q wbw”Q‡jb, iRbxKvšÍ †mB wgwQ‡j kvwgj n‡qI iPbv K‡i Zuvi Wv‡K mvov w`‡q‡Qb| GUvB †evanq wQj Zuvi eo wcwQ‡q iB‡jb| iRbxKv‡šÍi Rxeb I Mvb wel‡q ej‡Z wM‡q `ye©jZv| ïf cwiYq †_‡K ïiæ K‡i abx e¨w³i RvgvZv we‡qvM myaxi PµeZx© wj‡L‡Qb Ñ Ôf‡³i AšÍ‡i hw` wek¦v‡mi wPiwbf©i Ñ †h-†Kv‡bv DcjÿB †nvK bv †Kb, iRbxKv‡šÍi Mvb iPbvq MfxiZv _v‡K, Z‡e RvMwZK †Kv‡bv e¨_v †e`bv Acgvb Zv‡K †Kv‡bv wØav wKsev ms‡KvP wQj bv| Mvb iPbv K‡i‡Qb, †m-Mvb Kx K‡i ¯úk© Ki‡e? A_P h_v_© eo wkíxi g‡a¨ AvZ¥we‡iva †M‡q AvZ¥Z…wßi Avb‡›` †f‡m‡Qb| ZvrÿwYKfv‡e Mvb iPbv, Avi Aw¯’iZv _v‡K| _v‡K Ac~Y©Zvi †eva Avi †mB m‡½ `ytL myi †`Iqvi g‡a¨ ÿgZvi cÖKvk _vK‡jI MfxiZvi Dcjwä _v‡K †c‡iv‡bvi Abc‡bq D`¨g| †`Lvi cÖMvp `„wó _vK‡j †dvUv bv| Pig Avw¯ÍK¨ev‡`i m‡½ Zuvi Rxeb‡ev‡a hy³ n‡qwQj Pig dz‡ji cÖgË emšÍ m¤¢v‡i e‡mI g‡b Avm‡Z cv‡i ïK‡bv Ñ AvZ¥Z…wß| GB AvZ¥Z…wß Zuvi Mv‡b welq‰ewPΨ wKsev MfxiZvi cvZvSiv Ñ dz‡ji †Ljvq wewPÎ Kviæ‡Y¨i evZ©v|Õ (ÔKvšÍMxwZ Avi AZzjcÖmv‡`i MvbÕ, myaxi PµeZx©, kvi`xqv Avb›`evRvi ¯^v` Avb‡Z cv‡iwb| MvbcvMj gvbylwU Rxe‡bi m‡½ Mvb‡K hy³ K‡iwQ‡jb 1420) †`Lvi †mB cÖMvp `„wó bv _vKvi Rb¨B wK Avgiv Zuvi

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KvQ †_‡K cÖK…wZ, †cÖg ch©v‡qi Mvb †cjvg bv! †cÖg ch©v‡q wZbwU Mvb _vK‡jI cÖK…wZ wel‡q GKwUI Mvb Zuvi †bB| A_P cÖK…wZi †h Aciƒc †mŠ›`h©, iex›`ªbv‡_i Mv‡bi ga¨ w`‡qB †Zv Avgiv Zv †`L‡Z wk‡LwQ| ¯^‡`wk Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ hy³ n‡q iex›`ªbv_ iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb AmvaviY me ¯^‡`k ch©v‡qi Mvb, w؇R›`ªjvj gÂbvU‡Ki Rb¨ iPbv K‡i †M‡Qb bvU‡Ki Mvb, iRbxKvšÍ Zuvi wkíxRxe‡bi e¨vwß wKsev we¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ wbôvi †h HKvwšÍKZv Ges PwP©Z Abykxjb cÖ‡qvRb Zvi K_v fv‡ebwb| Zuvi mgmvgwqK MxZiPwqZviv wewfbœ welq Ñ †cÖg, cÖK…wZ, wgjb, wein wel‡q Mvb wj‡L‡Qb, †m-Mvb‡K Uc& †Lqvj, j”Pv Vzswii wbR¯^ Xs‡q cwi‡ek‡bi ga¨ w`‡q evsjv Mv‡bi bZzb Avw½K, bZzb w`MšÍ D‡b¥vPb K‡i‡Qb, iRbxKvšÍ Zuvi Mv‡b †Kv‡bv cixÿv-wbixÿvi av‡iKv‡QI hvbwb| Zuvi me MvbB †jvKmsMxZ Ges evDj Mv‡bi my‡i euvav| ivMvkÖqx MvbI Av‡Q Zuvi| Z‡e iv‡Mi e¨env‡i Lye †h AmvaviYZ¡ Av‡Q ZvI bq| Zuvi wKQy Mv‡b Q›` I my‡ii my›`i mgš^q N‡U‡Q †hgb Ñ ÔZzwg wbg©j Ki g½j K‡i gwjb gg© gyQv‡qÕ, ÔAvwg †Zv †Zvgv‡i Pvwnwb Rxe‡b Zzwg AfvMv‡i †P‡q‡QvÕ Ñ ivMvkÖqx Gme Mvb MxZmªóv wn‡m‡e Zuvi ÿgZv‡K †hgb Zz‡j a‡i, †Zgwb Zuvi iwPZ Ggb A‡bK Mvb Av‡Q hv fv‡ei Av‡e‡MB †Kej iwPZ n‡q‡Q| Ô... iRbxKvšÍi Rxeb-cwiµgvq †Zgb †Kv‡bv PgK ev mvn‡mi cÖeYZv Avgiv †`wL bv| †mRb¨B Zuvi †ewkifvM Mvb wbg©v‡Yi AvKzjZv Avi fv‡ei Mwigvq ficyi, wKš‘ †mB Abycv‡Z m„wói Zv‡c I ˆkjx‡Z Awfbe bq|Õ (ÔKvšÍMxwZ Avi AZzjcÖmv‡`i MvbÕ, myaxi PµeZx©, kvi`xqv Avb›`evRvi 1420) mnR, mij, mv`vwm‡a Rxe‡b kvwšÍ Lyu‡R wb‡qwQ‡jb iRbxKvšÍ| Rxe‡b †h `ytL, †kvK, Avw_©K wecbœZvi ga¨ w`‡q Zuv‡K †h‡Z n‡q‡Q †mme cÖwZK‚jZvi weiæ‡× msMx‡Zi ga¨ w`‡qB wZwb cÖwZev` M‡o Zzj‡Z cvi‡Zb| wKš‘ wZwb wb‡R‡K mgc©Y K‡i‡Qb Ck¦‡ii Kv‡Q| hš¿YvKvZi Rxe‡bi †klgyn~‡Z© wjL‡Qb Ñ Avgvq mKj iK‡g KvOvj K‡i‡Q,

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129

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130

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is a term used in sociolinguistics to refer to a systematic attempt to solve the communication problem of a community by studying the various languages or dialects it uses and developing a realistic policy concerning the selection and use of different languages.

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is central to the whole process of education and in the principal means of Cultural Transmission.

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