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cÖKvkK Aveyj Lv‡qi m¤úv`KgÐjxi mfvcwZ Avwbmy¾vgvb m¤úv`K Aveyj nvmbvZ m¤úv`KgÐjx myeªZ eo–qv iæex ingvb jyfv bvwn` †PŠayix

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Aa¨vcK Avãyi iv¾v‡Ki Rxebhvcb, BwZnvm-fvebv I mgKv‡ji cÖwZ wb‡g©vn Zxÿè Ae‡jvKb †h Zuv‡K GKv‡ji wKse`wšÍi gvbyl wn‡m‡e Zz‡j a‡i‡Q Ñ †m-K_v wKQy‡ZB A¯^xKvi Kiv hvq bv| cÖvewÜK Rvwn`yi iwng GB e¨w³gvbylwUi gbbkxjZv I BwZnvm-†PZbvi GKwU cÖwZ”Qwe AuvKvi †Póv K‡i‡Qb Zuvi iPbvwU‡Z, hv bvbv wel‡q cvV‡Ki Rvbvi fzeb‡K we¯Í…ZZi Ki‡e|

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‡qK eQi Av‡M †mbvevwnbxi D”Pc‡` AwawôZ GKwU bvixi AvZ¥nbb (†jd‡Ub¨v›U myw¯§Zv PµeZx©, 2006) cÖgvY K‡iwQj GKwesk kZ‡KI Kg©Rxe‡bi wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †ÿ‡Î †g‡q‡ì †hvM¨Zv ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z Avgv‡ì mgvR bvivR| we‡kl K‡i †hme †ÿÎ eûw`b ch©šÍ †g‡q‡ì AbwaMg¨ wQj, †mLv‡b †g‡q‡ì c`‡ÿc †Kv‡bvµ‡g ¯^xKvi Kiv n‡e bv| cyiæl mnKgx©‡ì D‡cÿv, J`vmxb¨, Zvw”Qj¨g~jK g‡bvfve, m‡e©vcwi GKRb bvix †h c` ¯^xq †hvM¨Zvq AR©b K‡i‡Q, Zv‡K †mB c`vbyhvqx ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z bv †Ìqv BZ¨vw` (bT_©K) cÖwZwµqv¸wj wbtm‡›`‡n myw¯§Zv PµeZx©i AvZ¥wba‡bi †cQ‡b mwµq wQj| †g‡qiv †h iYKzkjZvq ev ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wm×všÍMÖn‡Y cyiæ‡li mgKÿ n‡Z cv‡i bv, eis Zv‡ì Dcw¯’wZ †h ïaygvÎ AevwÃZ cwi‡ek Ges Abvek¨K mgm¨v K‡i GgbI gšÍe¨ K‡iwQ‡jb †mbvevwnbxi ZrKvjxb fvBm wPd g‡nv`q| bvixev‡ì X°vaŸwb, bvix-cyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi wb‡q mg¯Í Avùvjb A_P iYcÖ_vi AvMÖvmx AvµgY ev µgea©gvb Kb¨våƒY nZ¨v gnve¯’v‡bi †Kvjv‡R iwPZ Avgv‡ì mgv‡Ri GB êcixZ¨ I wØPvwiZvi g‡a¨ myfvl P‡›`ªi Suvwm ivYx evwnbx MVb GKwU e¨wZµgx NUbv| ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi †kl c‡e© G-Aa¨vq iwPZ n‡qwQj mvZ `k‡Ki wKQy Av‡M| cieZx© `kK¸wj‡Z †g‡q‡ì †hvM¨Zv A¯^xKvi Kivi µgvš^q BwZnvm cÖgvY K‡i‡Q GL‡bv G-Aa¨v‡qi Av‡jvPbv GKvšÍ cÖvmw½K,

we‡kl K‡i Suvwm evwnbx cÖwZôvi cuPvËi eQic~wZ© Kv‡j| gyw³msMÖv‡gi BwZnv‡m Suvwm evwnbxi ¯’vb Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z GKUz cÖvK-K_‡bi cÖ‡qvRb| 1885 mv‡j RvZxq Ks‡MÖ‡mi Rb¥, Zvi Av‡M Ebwesk kZvãxe¨vcx bvixwkÿvi cÖmvi Ges mgvR ms¯‹vi-Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ m‡½ fviZe‡l© bvixgyw³ Av‡›`vj‡bi m~Pbv| eû mxgve×Zv m‡Ë¡I bvixwkÿv GK m¤ú~Y© bZzb c‡e©i m~Pbv K‡iwQj, AmsL¨ eÜ‡bi g‡a¨ Abv¯^vw`Zc~e© gyw³i ¯^v` †c‡qwQ‡jb wkwÿZ †g‡qiv| †mB gy³ bvixmËvi µgcÖKvk NUj ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi wewfbœ ch©v‡q| cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q †g‡q‡ì f‚wgKv wQj mxwgZ, cyiæl-wbqwš¿Z, wKš‘ Av‡›`vj‡bi we¯Ív‡ii m‡½ m‡½ wkwÿZv Av‡jvKcÖvßv‡ì cv‡k †`‡ki me©Î AmsL¨ Abvgœx A½bvi AskMÖnY cÖgvY K‡iwQj †g‡qiv †Kv‡bv wba©vwiZ MwÐi g‡a¨, †Kv‡bv j²Y‡iLvi e„‡Ë Ave× _vK‡eb bv| Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb, AvBb Agvb¨ Av‡›`vjb ev Õ42-Gi i³ÿqx P‚ovšÍ msMÖv‡gi w`b¸wji BwZnv‡m gv‡S gv‡SB we`y¨”Pg‡Ki g‡Zv K‡qKwU bvg Sj‡m I‡V Ñ evmšÍx †èx, evC Avg&_v, m‡ivwRbx bvBWz A_ev cÖxwZjZv, Elv †gnZv ev AiæYv Avmd Avwj| wKš‘ cÖvq `y-kZKe¨vcx `xN© GB Av‡›`vj‡bi BwZnv‡m †g‡q‡ì mvgwMÖK f‚wgKv m¤^‡Ü eû Z_¨ GL‡bv AÁvZ hvi d‡j †mB f‚wgKvi cÖK…Z HwZnvwmK g~j¨ wbiƒcY Kiv nqwb| †g‡q‡ì m¤^‡Ü †PZbv ev Awfwb‡e‡ki GB Afve MvqÎx PµeZx© w¯úfv‡Ki g‡Z, Jcwb‡ewkK BwZnvm PP©vi êwkó¨| ÔCan the Subaltern Speak?Õ (Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture, University of Illinois Press, 1988) wbe‡Ü wZwb ej‡Qb, ÔIf in context of colonial production the subaltern has no history and cannot speak the subaltern as female is even more deeply in shadow.Õ hy×Kvjxb

cwi‡e‡k we‡`‡k MwVZ Suvwm evwnbxi Kvh©Kjvc ZvB BwZnv‡m AÁvZ GKwU Aa¨vq, †hUzKz aviYv mgmvgwqK Rbgvb‡m wQj Zv AvR m¤ú~Y© we¯§„Z| evwnbxi me©vwabvwqKv j²x ¯^vgxbv_b, wØZxq c`vwaKvix RvbKx Avw_qv bnàb Ges Av‡iv K‡qKRb m`‡mï ¯§„wZPviY I cieZx© wKQy M‡elYv, we‡kl K‡i HwZnvwmK Joyce Lebra-i cÖvgvY¨ MÖš’wU GB evwnbxi K‡qKwU êwkó¨ Ø¨_©nxbfv‡e wPwýZ K‡i‡Q| cÖ_gZ Suvwm ivYx evwnbx wØZxq gnvhy× Ges fvi‡Zi ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vj‡bi †kl ch©v‡q MwVZ GK bvix †mbvevwnbx, mk¯¿, c~Y© mvgwiK wkÿvcÖvß, hvi me©vwabvqK GKRb bvix Ges m`‡mïv mK‡jB bvix| †bZvRx hLb we‡`‡ki gvwU‡Z AvRv` wn›` †dŠR MVb K‡i ¯^vaxbZvi †kl hy× ïiæ K‡ib ZuviB cÖZ¨ÿ †cÖiYvq AvRv` wn›` †dŠ‡Ri GKwU ¸iZ¡c~Y© A½ wn‡m‡e Suvwm evwnbx MwVZ Ñ m`mïv mK‡j c~e© Gwkqv I `wÿY-c~e© Gwkqvi bvix, huviv gvZ…f‚wg fviZel© KL‡bv `k©b K‡ib wb| A_P myfvlP‡›`ªi gš¿wkl¨ GB †g‡q‡ì `„pmsKí wQj m¤§yL mg‡i cÖej civµvšÍ kÎæi †gvKvwejv K‡i fviZe‡l©i ¯^vaxbZv AR©b| wØZxqZ, `y-GKwU e¨wZµg Qvov G ai‡bi evwnbx wØZxq wek¦hy× Ges Zvic‡iI eûw`b †Kv_vI MwVZ nqwb| c„w_exe¨vcx †g‡q‡ì BwZnv‡m ZvB Suvwm evwnbx GK Abb¨mvaviY `„óvšÍ| †kl êwkó¨ fviZe‡l©i bvix Av‡›`vj‡b Suvwm evwnbxi f‚wgKvi AmvaviY Ae`vb| fviZe‡l© †g‡q‡ì msMÖvg ïay ivR‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi j‡ÿ¨B mxgve× _v‡K wb| ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ m‡½ †g‡qiv jovB K‡i‡Qb wj½‰elg¨ `~i K‡i mgv‡Ri mKj †ÿ‡Î mgvb AwaKvi AR©‡bi R‡b¨| †g‡q‡ì GB Av‡›`vjb cÖKZ … A‡_© Zv‡ì mvgMÖ¨ AvZ¥cÖwZôvi BwZnvm, †g‡q‡ì cy‡ivcywi gvbyl n‡q IVvi cÖqv‡mi BwZnvm| hyMmwÜÿ‡Yi †mB c‡e©, †g‡q‡ì

gvbyl n‡q IVvi †mB BwZnv‡m GKRb gwnjv Awabvq‡Ki †bZ…‡Z¡ cwiPvwjZ GKwU bvix †mbvevwnbxi Kvwnwb wbtm‡›`‡n D‡jøL‡hvM¨ GKwU D¾¡j Aa¨vq| fviZe‡l© Av‡›`vjbiZ †g‡q‡ì Pig msK‡Ui gyn~‡Z© evievi cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡qwQj ïaygvÎ bxi‡e AZ¨vPvi mn¨ Kiv Zv‡ì KvR bq, ÔSilent and dignified suffering is not the only badge of female sex,Õ (Geraldine Forbes, Women in Modern India : The New Cambridge History of India)| ivRbxwZ-m‡PZb wkwÿZv †h ZiæYxiv wecø‡ei eýy¨rm‡e †hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb, Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vj‡b ivRc‡_ †b‡g Avmv bvix, AvBb Agvb¨ Av‡›`vj‡b m‡ivwRbx Ges Zuvi AbyMvgxiv cÖgvY Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb ïay AvkÖq †Ìqv, A¯¿ jywK‡q ivLv ev ¸ß msev` enb Zuv‡ì KvR bq| cyiæ‡li m‡½ mgKÿZvi `vwe g~Z© n‡q D‡VwQj hy‡× AvZ¥nb‡bi Av‡M cÖxwZjZvi †kl †jLvq Ñ ÔI wonder why there should be any distinction between males and females in a fight for the countryÕs freedom? ... Why should we, the modern Indian women, be deprived of joining this noble fight to redeem our country from foreign domination (ÔTerrorism in India Ñ The Roll of HonourÕ, Kalicharan Ghosh, Anecdotes of Indian Martyrs)| Aw¯Í‡Z¡i

GB msKU wKš‘ Suvwm evwnbxi ˆmwbK‡ì wePwjZ K‡iwb| hy×Kvjxb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z MwVZ GB evwnbxi Rb¥j‡Mœ myfvlP›`ª †NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb, †g‡q‡ì msMÖvg ïay ivR‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi R‡b¨ bq, G msMÖvg me©cÖKvi Amvg¨, †kvlY Ges eÂbvi weiæ‡× Ñ bvixcyiæ‡li mgvb AwaKvi ¯^Ztwm×, GB mZ¨ cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨| msMÖvg mv_©K Ki‡Z †g‡q‡ì mwµq AskMÖnY †h KZLvwb Acwinvh© Zv wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb Suvwm †iwR‡g‡›Ui mvgwiK cÖwkÿY wkwe‡ii D‡Øvabx fvl‡Y : ÔToday while we are facing the gravest hour in our

history I have confidence that Indian womanhood will not fail to rise to the occasion. If for the independence of Jhansi India produced a Laxmi Bai, today for the independence of whole India, India shall produce thousands of Ranis of Jhansi,Õ (22nd October, 1943). bvixkw³ m¤^‡Ü GB Mfxi Av¯’v Ges bvix‡K

†hvM¨ ¯^xK…wZ`v‡bi GB cÖqvm myfvlP‡›`ªi ivR‰bwZK Rxe‡bi cÖv_wgK ch©vq †_‡K jÿYxq| Zuvi Av`‡k© DØy× jwZKv †Nvl, A·‡dv‡W© wkÿvcÖvß wkwÿKv evsjv‡`‡k Ôgwnjv ivóªxq m•NÕ cÖwZôv K‡ib 1928 mv‡j, hv mgKvjxb gwnjv msMVb¸wji †P‡q A‡bK †ewk ˆecøweK a¨vbaviYvq wek¦vm Ki‡Zv| †mB GKB eQi myfvlP›`ª wm×všÍ †bb Ks‡MÖ‡mi KjKvZv Awa‡ek‡b

cyiæl‡ì cv‡k gwnjv †¯^”Qv‡mexiv mvgwiK Kvq`vq KzPKvIqvR K‡i Awa‡ek‡bi D‡Øvab Ki‡eb| cÖexY †bZ…‡Z¡i weiƒcZv AMÖvn¨ K‡i wZwb jwZKv †Nvl‡K K‡b©j c`vwfwl³ K‡ib †¯^”Qv‡mex evwnbx‡K Pvjbv Kivi R‡b¨| KjKvZvevmx †mw`b mwe¯§‡q †`‡LwQ‡jb Af‚Zc~e© †mB `„k¨ Ñ †g‡qiv cyiæ‡li m‡½ cv wgwj‡q gvP© K‡i P‡j‡Qb ivRc‡_ GKB ai‡bi kvwo BDwbd‡g©i g‡Zv cwiavb K‡i| wZb‡kv †g‡qi †mB `„pcÖZ¨qx c`‡ÿc Suvwmi ivYx‡ì cÖvwYZ K‡iwQj cieZx©Kv‡j| wecøex Av‡›`vj‡b hy³ †g‡qivI GKvšÍfv‡e wek¦vm Ki‡Zb mgKvjxb †bZ…e„‡›ì g‡a¨ GKgvÎ myfvlP‡›`ªi c~Y© mg_©b Ges mnvbyf‚wZ Av‡Q Zuv‡ì cÖwZ| Ag„ZevRvi cwÎKv Zuv‡K AwfwnZ K‡iwQj ÔThe greatest champion of womenÕs rightsÕ iƒ‡c (Interview, Amritabazar Patrika, April 22, 1947)| Rxe‡bi P‚ovšÍ msMÖv‡g bvix †mbvevwnbx MVb AZGe †Kv‡bv ZvrÿwYK NUbv bq, Zuvi me e¨wZµgx D‡`¨v‡Mi dj, Zuvi mviv Rxe‡bi Av`‡k©i mv_©K iƒcvqY| Suvwm evwnbx MVb Kivi cwiKíbv †h eûw`‡bi †m-K_v Rvwb‡q‡Qb Zuvi Nwbô mn‡hvMx Avwe` nvmvb mvd&ivbx| Rvg©vwb †_‡K Gwkqvq Avm‡Qb †bZvRx Ñ c~e© I `wÿY-c~e© Gwkqvq ZLb kZ kZ fviZxq Aaxi AvMÖ‡n A‡cÿv Ki‡Qb Zuvi R‡b¨| Rvcvwb mve‡gwi‡b hy×weaŸ¯Í `xN© †mB Rjc_ hvÎvq Zuvi m½x Avwe` nvmvb| P‚ovšÍ msK‡Ui †mB w`b¸wj‡Z †bZvRx Suvwm evwnbx m¤^‡Ü cy•Lvbycy•Liƒ‡c Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Zb nvmv‡bi m‡½, nvmv‡bi KvR wQj †bZvRxi e³e¨ wj‡L ivLv| GKw`b Av‡jvPbv Pjvi mg‡q nVvr mve‡gwibwU R‡ji Ici †f‡m I‡V Ges ZrÿYvr AvµvšÍ nq| wbwðZ g„Zzï m¤§yLxb n‡q mK‡j hLb Pig D`&åvšÍ myfvlP›`ª GKgvÎ AwePwjZ| wec` †K‡U hvIqvi ci msK‡Ui gyn~‡Z© AvZ¥¯’ bv _vKvi R‡b¨ wZwb nvmvb‡K wZi¯‹viI K‡iwQ‡jb| Rxebg„Zzï mwÜÿ‡Y ùvwo‡qI wZwb †fv‡jbwb ¯^vaxbZvi GB †kl hy‡× †g‡q‡ì †hvM¨ ¯’vb w`‡Z n‡e, Zviv mgvb Askx`vi n‡e cyiæl‡hv×vi| wm½vcy‡i †cuŠ‡Q AvRv` wn›` †dŠR MVb Kivi Av‡MB G wel‡q Zuvi wm×všÍ †bIqv n‡q wM‡qwQj| mygvÎvi AL¨vZ Øxc mvev‡O †bZvRx G‡m †cuŠQ‡jb 1943-Gi 6B †g Zvwi‡L| Zuvi mvg‡b ZLb wekvj Kg©hÁ Ñ c~e© I `wÿY-c~e© Gwkqvi kZ kZ fviZxq BwÛqvb BwÛ‡c‡ÛÝ jxM BZ¨vw` ivR‰bwZK msMVb¸‡jv, fviZxq hy×ew›` †mbv‡ì wb‡q MwVZ cÖ_g AvBGbG ˆmbïv Aaxi AvMÖ‡n A‡cÿv Ki‡Q Zuvi †bZ…‡Z¡i| SwUKvMwZ‡Z KvR ïiæ K‡i †bZvRx RyjvB gv‡m wm½vcyi †cuŠQ‡jb Ñ wm½vcyi ZLb mKj Kg©Kv‡Ði †K›`ª| 4Vv RyjvB BwÛqvb BwÛ‡c‡ÛÝ jx‡Mi GKwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

mfvq cÖexY wecøex ivmwenvix emy myfvlP›`ª‡K msMÖv‡gi m¤ú~Y© †bZ…Z¡fvi Ac©Y Ki‡jb| MwVZ n‡jv AvRv` wn›` †dŠR Ñ we‡`‡k ïiæ n‡jv fvi‡Zi ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi †kl ch©vq| GB µvwšÍKv‡j Suvwm evwnbxi Rb¥| 9B RyjvB wm½vcy‡i GK wekvj Rbmgv‡e‡k myfvlP›`ª †NvlYv Ki‡jb, GB beMwVZ ˆmb¨`j wb‡q wZwb hy‡× AeZxY© n‡eb Ges GB hy‡× Zuvi fvlvq :Õ ÔI

want total mobilization and nothing less, for this is a total war ... . I also want a unit of brave Indian women who will wield the sword which the brave Rani of Jhansi wielded in IndiaÕs First war of Independence.Õ (Speech at Singapore, 9th July, 1943)| AkÖæZc~e© G

cÖ¯Íve †bZvRxi mnKgx©‡ì Kv‡Q m¤ú~Y© Aev¯Íe g‡b n‡qwQj, c~e©Zb AvBGbG Ges BwÛ‡c‡ÛÝ jx‡Mi ZrKvjxb †bZ…e„›` cÖ¯ÍvewUi Zxeª mgv‡jvPbv K‡ib| GKgvÎ jx‡Mi ZiæY m`m¨ B‡qjøvàv e¨ZxZ cÖvq mK‡j e‡jwQ‡jb eg©v, gvjq, wm½vcy‡ii †g‡qiv M„‡ni Ae‡iv‡a _v‡Kb, wkÿvi cÖmvi Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ N‡Uwb, gvZ…f‚wg Zuv‡ì Kv‡Q AcwiwPZ, ewnRx©eb m¤^‡Ü Zuv‡ì Ávb AZ¨šÍ mxwgZ| GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z bvix †mbvevwnbx MVb GKwU nvm¨Ki cÖqvm n‡e| RvcvwbivI Zxeª we‡ivwaZv K‡iwQ‡jb GB cÖ¯Ív‡ei| Zuv‡ì Avk¼v wQj, †g‡q‡ì nv‡Z A¯¿ Zz‡j w`‡j A‡¯¿i mØënvi †Zv n‡eB bv, cÖPzi A‡_©iI AcPq n‡e| me weiƒcZv AMÖvn¨ K‡i j²x ¯^vgxbv_b GwM‡q G‡jb †bZvRxi GKvšÍ mn‡hvMx n‡q| j²x ZLb wm½vcy‡i Wv³vwi cov †kl K‡i‡Qb, wm½vcy‡ii bvixRM‡Z AMÖMY¨v, D¾¡j, cÖvYPÂj, A`g¨ Drmv‡n ficyi GK ZiæYx, †`k‡cÖ‡g Rb¥m~‡Î huvi DËivwaKvi| Zuvi gv Av¤§y ¯^vgxbv_b Ks‡MÖ‡mi mwµq m`m¨v wQ‡jb, fvi‡Zi Av‡›`vj‡bi m‡½ G cwiev‡ii mK‡ji wQj Mfxi †hvM| j²xB cÖ_‡g ïay †g‡q‡ì wb‡q †bZvRxi m¤§v‡b GKwU Guard of Honour-Gi eë¯’v K‡ib| †bZvRxi †NvlYvi ci wZwb cici †g‡q‡ì mgv‡e‡ki eë¯’v K‡ib, †m mgv‡ek¸wj‡Z †bZvRx mKj e¨¯ÍZv m‡Ë¡I gg©¯úkx© fvlvq e³…Zv w`‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| Zvici hv NUj, j²xi fvlvq, Ôhe was cheered

and applauded and women, young and old, and even those with babies in arms offered to join the regiment immediately. As the days and weeks passed the number of volunteers steadily increased.Õ (The Oracle, April 1980, Netaji Research Bureau Publication)|

RvbKx ZLb Aóv`kx, †bZvRxi fvl‡Y DØy× †mB ZiæYx Suvwm evwnbx‡Z †hvM w`‡q µ‡g wØZxq c` AwaKvi K‡ib| Zuvi ¯§„wZPvi‡YI j²xi K_vi cÖwZaŸwb, ÔNetaji made a clarion

call to the women of S.E. Asia. The response was so to speak unbelievable... Women in their thousands, young and old, poor and rich, daughters and sisters of varying walks of life thronged the I.I. League office for enlistment,Õ (The Oracle, January 1980) evj¨ †hŠeb

eva©‡Kï GB AcÖwZ‡iva¨ RjZi½ †Kgb K‡i m¤¢e n‡qwQj e¨vL¨v Kiv KwVb| Z‡e G-K_v Ab¯^xKvh© †h, eg©v, gvjq, wm½vcy‡ii eû igYx gvZ…f‚wgi m‡½ huv‡ì m¤úK© wQj ÿxY, †mB AwMœMf© gyn~‡Z© cwievi, M„‡ni myL-¯^v”Q›`¨, wbivcËv wemR©b w`‡Z wØav K‡ibwb| †i½y‡bi wek¦fviZx A¨vKv‡Wwgi wkwÿKv gvbveZx Avh©¨ †bZvRxi fvl‡Y Ôcharmed soldierÕ-G cwiYZ n‡qwQ‡jb Ñ Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM`vb K‡i eg©vq gwnjv wefv‡Mi m¤úv`Kiƒ‡c ¸iæ`vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib wZwb| †i½y‡bi D”PweË cwiev‡ii `yB Kb¨v gvqv Ges AiæYv Mv½ywj, gvj‡qi `yB wK‡kvix kvwšÍ Ges AÄwj †fŠwgK, msMÖv‡gi kxl©¯’vbxq j²x, RvbKx ev mZëZx

mK‡jB G‡mwQ‡jb †mB HwZnvwmK gyn~‡Z©| ¯§„wZPvi‡Y Zuviv wb‡R‡ì cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb, hy‡×i weeiY w`‡q‡Qb wKš‘ bvg Rvbv hvqwb Ggb AmsL¨ mvaviY †g‡qi f‚wgKvI bMY¨ bq| mgKvjxb Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z GUzKz wbtm‡›`‡n ejv hvq, ÔThe Regiment as a whole comprised young as well as elderly women belonging to all classes and communities of the Indian society in Burma and S.E. Asia.Õ (Manabati Arya, The Oracle, April 1980)| †g‡q‡ì mgv‡ek¸wj‡Z AjsKvi

†_‡K wb‡R‡ì †kl m¤^j A_©UzKz ch©šÍ `vb K‡i‡Qb GB mvaviY †g‡qiv| Joyce Lebra cÖgvY K‡i‡Qb, ïay fviZxq bb, gvj‡qi kÖwgK †g‡qivI Suvwm evwnbx‡Z †hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb| †bZvRxi e³…Zvi ci †mbvmsMÖ‡ni KvR ïiæ n‡jv j²xi †bZ…‡Z¡| cÖ_g mßv‡n cÂvkRb gwnjv †hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb, µgk msL¨v evo‡Z jvMj| eva©K¨ Ges kvixwiK Amy¯’Zvi R‡b¨ †hme gwnjv‡K †mbvevwnbx‡Z †bIqv m¤¢e nqwb ZuvivI mvMÖ‡n Ab¨vb¨ KvR h_v AvBGbGi nvmcvZvj¸wj‡Z †mweKvi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY, Lv`¨ cÖwµqvKiY, Lv`¨ msiÿY, ˆmwbK‡ì †cvkvK cÖ¯‘Z Kiv BZ¨vw` ïiæ K‡i w`‡jb| Suvwm evwnbxi ˆmwbK‡ì msL¨v m¤^‡Ü cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q wKQyUv mskq wQj| cÖvß Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z GLb ejv hvq, wm½vcyi, gvjq Ges †i½y‡bi kvLv¸wj wgwj‡q ˆmb¨msL¨v wQj GK nvRvi, `y‡kv †g‡q bvwm©s kvLvq wQ‡jb Avi wQj AMwYZ mvaviY †g‡qi mnvbyf‚wZ I mg_©b| 21‡k A‡±vei 1943-G AvRv` wn›` miKvi MwVZ n‡jv, hy‡×i cwiw¯’wZ‡Z MwVZ GK mve©‡fŠg miKvi| 22‡k A‡±vei Suvwm evwnbxi wkÿY wkwe‡ii AvbyôvwbK D‡Øvab, j²x ¯^vgxbv_b evwnbxi me©vwabvwqKv, myfvlP‡›`ªi m`¨MwVZ K¨vwe‡b‡U huvi ¯’vb myfvlP‡›`ªi c‡iB| †bZvRx evievi e‡jwQ‡jb ¯^vaxbZvi GB †kl hy‡× Ôtotal mobilizationÕ ev m¤ú~Y© ˆmb¨‡hvRb GKvšÍ Avek¨K| Rbmgv‡Ri cÖwZwU Ask GB †mbvevwnbxi m‡½ hy³ n‡e wbR wbR f‚wgKv Abyhvqx| Suvwm evwnbx Zuvi G-¯^cœ ev¯ÍevwqZ Kij| myfvlP›`ª j²x‡K e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAfter training

I intend to send you to Burma : to fight in the jungles of Burma and it wonÕt be easy there.Õ bvix ˆmwbK‡`i Kv‡Q Zuvi AKcU e³e¨, ÔToday I can only offer you strenous physical work, no comfort, the barest of food and probably death, but do not fear Ñ the fight for freedom will continue with your efforts.Õ

wm½vcy‡i †K›`ªxq cÖwkÿY wkwei D‡Øva‡bi m‡½ m‡½ eg©v Ges gvj‡q Suvwm evwnbxi †Uªwbs K¨v¤ú Pvjy nq| †g‡q‡ì cÖwkÿY Aek¨ A‡bK Av‡MB ïiæ n‡q wM‡qwQj| †Uªwbs‡qi `vwqZ¡ wb‡qwQ‡jb AvBGbGi `ÿ I AwfÁ †mbvbvq‡Kiv huv‡ì †hvM¨Zv wQj cÖkœvZxZ| †bZvRx ¯^qs Zuv‡ì wbe©vPb K‡iwQ‡jb, Zuvi wb‡`©k, Ôthe training given to the Ranis must be similar in every way to the other infantry units.Õ RvbKx, j²x Ges Av‡iv A‡b‡Ki †jLvq GB cÖwkÿ‡Yi GKwU c~Y©v½ wPÎ cvIqv hvq| mKvj QUvq e¨vqvg Ges kixiPP©v w`‡q w`‡bi ïiæ, Zvici Bbd¨vbwUª wWªj Ges wbqwgZ gvP© K‡i Av‡Mœqv¯¿ Pvjv‡bvi gnov| †Mwijv hy‡×i ixwZbxwZ, ivwÎKvjxb hy‡×i wbqg, bvwm©s BZ¨vw` mewKQyB wkL‡Z n‡Zv †g‡q‡ì| mÜ¨vq emZ BwZnvm cv‡Vi Avmi Ñ fviZe‡l©i gyw³msMÖv‡gi BwZnv‡mi m‡½ m‡½ †g‡qiv co‡Zb wiwRqv myjZvb, Puv`wewe, Suvwmi ivYx, ivbx fevbxi DcvL¨vb, †bZvRxi Kv‡Q huviv fviZxq bvixi Av`k© Ñ ex‡h© I eyw×gËvq Abb¨v| g¨vc wiwWs ev †ivgvb ni‡d wn›`y¯’vwb †jLv meB wQj wkÿvi A½| mvgwiK wkÿvi m‡½ we‡`kevmx †g‡q‡ì g‡b fviZxq‡Z¡ i †eva mÂvi Kiv wQj cÖ w kÿ‡Yi

j²x ¯^vgxbv_b D‡Ïk¨| K¨vwe‡b‡Ui ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kv‡R j²x e¨¯Í _vK‡Zb ZvB wm½vcyi kvLvi `vwqZ¡ †Ìqv n‡qwQj Gg.Gm. bvBWz‡K, RvbKx Ges gvbveZxI wbR wbR kvLvi †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q‡Qb mgvb `ÿZvq| j²x e‡j‡Qb, G mg‡q GKwUI AcÖxwZKi NUbv N‡Uwb hv †mB hy×Kvjxb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z A¯^vfvweK wQj bv| †g‡qiv †Zv A‡b‡K †mB cÖ_g ewnR©M‡Z G‡m‡Qb M„‡ni Rxeb Z¨vM K‡i| AvBGbGi AwdmviivI eûw`b M„nZ¨vMx, `xN©Kvj Zuviv AvZ¥xqcwiR‡bi m½ jvf K‡ibwb; wKš‘ gyn~‡Z©i R‡b¨ †KD Av`k©åó nbwb, Kb¨v ev fwMœmg ZiæYx‡ì Zuviv cig h‡Zœ wkÿv w`‡q‡Qb| GB cÖm‡½ †gRi †Rbv‡ij gvneye Avjg Ges K‡b©j ivZzixi bvg we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨, cÖwkÿ‡Yi kx‡l©© wQ‡jb AvBGbGi GB `yB `ÿ †mbvbvqK| mv¤úªwZKKv‡ji al©Y I cvkweK AvPi‡Yi g‡nvr‡ei cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z G-Kvwnwb Awek¦vm¨ g‡b nq| mvgwiK cÖwkÿ‡Yi ci ivbxiv fviZ-eg©v iYv½‡b hvIqvi R‡b¨ cÖ¯‘Z n‡jb| cuvP‡kv ˆmwbK †cuŠQ‡jb eg©vq, AvURb Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ KwgkbcÖvß wmwbqi Awdmvi, RvbKx Zuv‡ì Ab¨Zg| 1944-Gi Rvbyqvwi gv‡m †gBwg‡qv‡Z hy‡×i cÖZ¨ÿ AwfÁZv N‡U †g‡q‡ì| hy× ZLb Zz‡½, cÖej civµvšÍ kÎæcÿ cÖPÐ AvNvZ nvb‡Z D`¨Z| Aweivg †evgvel©‡Y wm½vcyi kni, AvBGbG wkwei I nvmcvZvj Ges Suvwm evwnbxi wkwei aŸsm n‡q †M‡j †g‡qiv †UªÂ¸wj‡Z AvkÖq †bb †h¸wj Zuviv wb‡RivB Lbb K‡iwQ‡jb| Bg&dj iYv½‡b †hvM †Ìqvi Rb¨ we‡klfv‡e wkwÿZ †g‡qiv ZLb fvi‡Zi gvwU‡Z Zuv‡ì cyiæl mn‡hv×v‡ì giYcY jovB‡Z Ask †bIqvi Rb¨ GKvšÍ D`MÖxe| Gi g‡a¨B K‡Vvi wbqgvbyewZ©Zvq Zuv‡ì †Uªwbs Pj‡Q Mfxi iv‡Î, Ôtheir only desire of the time was to go to the Imphal front where real fighting had started.Õ (Laxrmi)| we¯§q jv‡M

Ômg‡i Pwjby ngy, nv‡g bv wdivI‡iÕ Ñ G K_vwU GB †g‡q‡`i †ÿ‡Î Kx K‡i Ggbfv‡e mZ¨ n‡q D‡VwQj| Gici Bg&dj d«‡›Ui mvgwqK mvd‡j¨i ci e¨_©Zv Ges civRq hy‡×i evZveiY m¤ú~Y© e`‡j w`‡jv| †evSv †Mj AšÍZ †m-gyn~‡Z© Bg&d‡j hvIqv m¤¢e bq|

hy× Kiv m¤¢e n‡jv bv wKš‘ †mB Pig msK‡U kÎæc‡ÿi wbabh‡Ái g‡a¨ Suvwmi ˆmwb‡Kiv A‡bK †ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡ wb‡qwQ‡jb| kZ kZ AvBGbG ˆmwbK wd‡i Avm‡Qb ZLb AvnZ, gyg~ly© Ae¯’vq, Aweivg †evgvel©‡Y nvmcvZvj¸wji fMœ`kv, cÖZ¨ÿ`kx©‡ì AwfÁZvq Ôcarpet bombing was a happy game for the Anglo-American block over civil areas.Õ d‡j kn‡ii eû GjvKv weaŸ¯Í| me cÖwZK‚jZv AMÖvn¨ K‡i Zuviv AvnZ ˆmwbK‡ì †mevi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb wPwKrmv Ges ïkÖƒlvi cÖ‡qvRbxq miÄv‡gi Zxeª Afve m‡Ë¡I| fMœcÖvq Suvwm wkweiwU GKwU e„nr ïkÖƒlv †K‡›`ª cwiYZ n‡qwQj Ñ †m wkwe‡ii Ab¨Zg †bÎx RvbKx e‡j‡Qb, KZ ZiæY cÖvY †h ZLb Rq wn›` aŸwb D”PviY K‡i `wÿY-c~e© Gwkqvi gvwU‡Z g„ZzëiY K‡i‡Q Zvi mwVK Z_¨ †Kv‡bvw`b D`&NvwUZ n‡e bv| GUzKz ejv hvq, Zuv‡ì cv‡k Abjm †mevi cÖwZg~wZ© n‡q ùvwo‡qwQ‡jb Suvwmi †g‡qiv| RvbKx e‡j‡Qb †jd‡Ub¨v›U bvwR‡ii K_v Ñ eq‡m wbZvšÍB ZiæY GB Awdmvi g„Zzï c~e©gyn~‡Z© AùzU ¯^‡i †hb e‡jwQ‡jb ÔˆRb wn›`Õ Ñ RvbKx ey‡SwQ‡jb Zuvi mn‡hv×v †klev‡ii g‡Zv D”PviY Ki‡jb ÔRq wn›`Õ, †mB gš¿ hv GKm~‡Î mnmª cÖv‡Yi eÜb NwU‡qwQj| civR‡qi e¨_©Zv, hy‡×i Avbylw½K fqvenZv Zz”Q n‡q †M‡Q Mfxi mngwg©Zvi GB AvL¨v‡bi Kv‡Q| AvBGbG Ges Suvwm evwnbx †mB Pig msK‡U cig m‡L¨ Ave× n‡qwQ‡jb, Abgbxq g‡bvej I K¬vwšÍnxb †mevi `vwqZ¡ wb‡q †g‡qiv ùvwo‡qwQ‡jb cyiæl mn‡hv×vi cv‡k| Suvwm evwnbx wKš‘ mvgwiK Abykxjb Mfxi wbôvi m‡½ AÿzYœ †i‡LwQ‡jb memg‡q, Avkv wQj 1945-Gi ïiæ‡Z Zuviv Avevi Awfhvb ïiæ Ki‡eb Ñ iY‡ÿ‡Î Zuv‡ì †h †h‡ZB n‡e| Zvici hy‡×i MwZ m¤ú~Y© cvj‡U †Mj Ñ Rvcvb m¤ú~Y© civwRZ, wgÎkw³ cÖej weµ‡g GwM‡q Avm‡Q †i½y‡bi w`‡K| Bs‡iR ˆmbëvwnbxi AMÖMwZ †Kv‡bvµ‡gB †iva Kiv m¤¢e bq eyS‡Z †c‡i Rvcvb `wÿY-c~e© Gwkqvi AwaK…Z AÂj¸wj †Q‡o Avmvi wm×všÍ †bq| G-Ae¯’vq cðv`cmiY Qvov MZ¨šÍi wQj bv Ñ Suvwm evwnbx‡K wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡jv Zuv‡ì cÖ_‡g †i½yb Ges †i½yb †_‡K gvj‡q wd‡i †h‡Z n‡e| hy× Kivi evmbvq ZL‡bv Zuviv D`MÖxe, i‡³i Aÿ‡i Zuviv bvwK †bZvRx‡K Av‡e`b K‡iwQ‡jb wcQy nVvi Av‡`k cÖZ¨vnvi Ki‡Z| ev¯Í‡e Zv m¤¢e wQj bv Ñ bvix ˆmwbKivI cÖK…Z ˆmwbK‡ì g‡Zv Rvb‡Zb me©vwabvq‡Ki Av‡`k j•Nb Kiv hvq bv| †i½yb †_‡K eg©vi me †g‡q‡K ¯^-¯^ M„‡n cvwV‡q †Ìqv n‡jv| AwaKvsk †g‡q G‡mwQ‡jb gvjq †_‡K| †mB wec¾bK gyn~‡Z© †bZvRx wb‡R m‡½ †_‡K Zuvi bvix evwnbx‡K †i½yb †_‡K e¨vsKK †cuŠ‡Q †Ìqvi `vwqZ¡ wb‡jb| G evwnbx †h Zuvi wb‡Ri m„wó, ZvB e¨_©Zvi w`‡b Zuvi Av`‡k© DØy× GB ZiæYx‡ì Acwimxg kvixwiK †K¬k I gvbwmK hš¿Yvi Askx`vi n‡qwQ‡jb wZwb| cÖZ¨ÿ`kx©i AwfÁZvq Ôyet another episode of the INA saga began with this historic journey.Õ mxgv‡šÍi Mfxi Ai‡Yï g‡a¨ GB wec`m¼zj c`hvÎvq †g‡qiv kÎæc‡ÿi †evgvel©‡Yi m¤§yLxb n‡q‡Qb evievi| Aweivg el©Y, Mfxi AÜKvi, `yM©g cvnvwo c_, ÿzav, Z…òv, K¬vwšÍ Ñ G wQj Zuv‡ì cv‡_q| Rvcvwbiv †bZvRx‡K †h MvwowU w`‡qwQ‡jb †mwU gvÎ GKk wK‡jvwgUvi hvIqvi ci †f‡O c‡o| Rvcvwb‡ì kZ Aby‡iva m‡Ë¡I Gici wZwb Mvwo ev †cø‡b †h‡Z ivwR nbwb| Rvcvwb †Rbv‡ij B‡mvWvi mwbe©Ü Aby‡iva cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔLook, my women soldiers are marching over there ... I cannot leave themÕ (A Beacon Across Asia, Orient Longman)|

Aciw`‡K ivYx‡`i Me© wQj Zuviv P‡j‡Qb Zuv‡`i wcÖq †bZvi

m‡½ Ñ P‡j‡Qb Zuvi iÿx n‡q| 23 w`‡bi †ewk GB `xN© hvÎvq `yRb ˆmwbK cÖvY nvivb| Rvcv‡bi m¤ú~Y© AvZ¥mgc©‡Yi msev` GB c‡_B Rvb‡Z cv‡ib †g‡qiv| Ô¯^vaxbZvi hy×‡K `gb Kiv hvq bv Ñ †m msMÖvg Pj‡ZB _v‡KÕ †bZvRxi GB gš¿ †hb mÄxebxi g‡Zv KvR K‡iwQj civwRZ AvcvZweaŸ¯Í GB †g‡q‡ì g‡a¨| j²x Aek¨ G-hvÎvq Suvwm evwnbxi m½x nbwb, wPwKrmK wn‡m‡e Zuvi g‡b n‡qwQj iY‡ÿ‡Î AvnZ ˆmwbK‡ì Kv‡Q Zuvi Dcw¯’wZ †ewk cÖ‡qvRbxq| †gBwg‡qvi AvBGbG nvmcvZvj Ges †RqvIqvw` nvmcvZv‡j KvR Kivi ci kvb cÖ‡`‡ki Mfxi R½‡j KvjvI‡qi beMwVZ nvmcvZv‡j wZwb wPwKrmvi `vwqZ¡ †bb| †mLv‡bI wQj Aweivg †evgvel©Y, Ilyac_¨ Ges im‡ì GKvšÍ Afve| Ae‡k‡l †i½y‡b cÖZ¨veZ©‡bi ci Bs‡iR mvgwiK KZ©„cÿ Zuv‡K fviZe‡l© cvwV‡q †`q| eg©v Ges gvj‡q Bs‡iR kvmb cybtcÖewZ©Z n‡j mvgwiK KZ©„cÿ Suvwm evwnbxi †mbv‡ì cÖejfv‡e †Riv K‡i| D‡Ïk¨ wQj Zuv‡ì KvQ †_‡K ¯^xKv‡ivw³

Av`vq Kiv †h Zuv‡ì ejc~e©K Suvwm evwnbx‡Z †hvM w`‡Z eva¨ Kiv n‡qwQj Ges Zuv‡ì Dci bvbvwea AZ¨vPvi Kiv n‡qwQj| huviv †Riv KiwQ‡jb Zuv‡ì Pig we¯§‡qi D‡`ªK K‡i Suvwm evwnbxi cÖwZwU ˆmwbK wQbœ A_P cwi”Qbœ mvgwiK †cvkv‡K †Rivi m¤§yLxb nb| †kl ch©šÍ Zuv‡ì mvgwiK gh©v`v‡eva AÿzYœ wQj Ñ N‡i Xz‡K Zuviv aŸwb †Zv‡jb, Ô†bZvRx wR›`vev`, AvRv` wn›` †dŠR wR›`vev`Õ! Zuviv GKK‡É †NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb, †mbvevwnbx‡Z Zuviv †¯^”Qvq †hvM`vb K‡iwQ‡jb Ges Zuv‡ì GKgvÎ Av‡ÿc Zuviv Bs‡iR kw³‡K civ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb, my‡hvM G‡j Avevi Zuviv A¯¿ nv‡Z Zz‡j †b‡eb| Zuv‡ì ev Zuv‡ì cwievie‡M©i R‡b¨ †Kv‡bv we‡kl myweavi cÖ¯Íve Zuviv N„Yvf‡i cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib, PvKwi ev we‡kl †ik‡bi cÖ¯Íve Zuviv MÖnY K‡ibwb| Zuv‡ì GKgvÎ `vwe wQj j²xi mv‡_ Zuv‡ìI fviZ f‚wg‡Z hy×ew›ìƒ‡c cvVv‡bv †nvK hv‡Z cyiæl mn‡hv×v‡ì m‡½ ZuvivI Bs‡iR`Ë kvw¯Íi fvM wb‡Z cv‡ib| ¯^vaxbZvi hy‡× Zuv‡ì f‚wgKv ¯^xK…Z †nvK GB

¯^íKvjxb Aw¯Í‡Z¡ Suvwm evwnbx †Kv‡bv mvgwiK mvdj¨ `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ñ hy‡× hvIqv m¤¢e nqwb GB evwnbxi| wKš‘ BwZnv‡mi †Kv‡bv Aa¨vq‡KB aivi ayjvq †nvK nviv e‡j hwZ wPý †`Iqv hvq bv| cieZx©Kv‡j cÖvß Z‡_¨i wfwË‡Z BwZnv‡mi cybM©V‡bi GB cÖwµqvq Suvwm evwnbxi wewfbœ w`‡Ki Ici we‡kølYx Av‡jvKcvZ cÖ‡qvRb|

wQj Zuv‡ì Kvg¨| Zuviv Avkv K‡iwQ‡jb, †`kevmx g‡b ivL‡eb Zuv‡ì ¯^cœ †`Lvi Kvwnwb, Av`‡k©i cÖwZ AUzU AvbyM‡Zï K_v| ¯^vaxbZvi DËic‡e© fviZe‡l© ivYx‡ì G-Avkv KZUzKz c~Y© n‡qwQj? ¯^vaxb fvi‡Z Suvwm evwnbxi g~j¨vqb nqwb G-K_v j²x mvqMj evievi e‡j‡Qb Mfxi Av‡ÿ‡ci m‡½| †hme †g‡q eg©v †_‡K evwnbx‡Z †hvM w`‡qwQ‡jb Zuv‡ì cybe©vm‡bi †Kv‡bv eë¯’v nqwb| gvjq Ges wm½vcy‡ii †g‡qiv Avkv K‡iwQ‡jb msMÖv‡gi ¯^xK…wZ wn‡m‡e Zuviv fviZxq bvMwiKZ¡ AR©‡b Ki‡eb, †m Avkv c~Y© nqwb| †h gvZ…f‚wgi Rb¨ Zuviv msMÖvg K‡iwQ‡jb A‡b‡K †m-†`k `k©b Kivi AbygwZ cvbwb| c‡i gvj‡q Ges wm½vcy‡i RvbKx Ges Av‡iv wKQy gwnjv mgv‡R D”PcÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Qb wKš‘ ¯^vaxb fvi‡Z Zuv‡ì ¯’vb nqwb| gywó‡gq †h K‡qKRb bvix †`‡k wd‡i G‡mwQ‡jb Zuv‡ì Ae¯’v AeY©bxq Ñ wbZvšÍ `y`©kvq Zuv‡ì g„Zz¨ n‡q‡Q| cÖvgvY¨ KvMRcÎ wQj bv e‡j Gu‡ì c‡ÿ jvjwd‡Zi euvab KvUv‡bv m¤¢e nqwb Ges Guiv ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvgxi fvZv BZ¨vw` wKQyB cvbwb| ¯^vaxb fviZ †h ïay Suvwmi ivYx‡ì we¯§„Z n‡q‡Q Zv bq, evwnbxi mªóvi ¯^cœI †Zv mv_©K nqwb| †bZvRx e‡jwQ‡jb, †g‡q‡ì msMÖvg ïay ewntkÎæi weiæ‡× ivR‰bwZK ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ bq, †`‡ki †fZ‡iI mg¯Í cÖwZwµqvkxj kw³i weiæ‡×, cÖMwZwe‡ivax ms¯‹vi I cÖ_vi weiæ‡×, mvgvwRK êlg¨ I †kvl‡Yi weiæ‡×| gy³mgv‡R †g‡q‡ì mvgwMÖK gyw³i †h ¯^cœ wZwb †`‡LwQ‡jb, †h Av`‡j Zuvi †mbvevwnbx‡K DØy× K‡iwQ‡jb, Zvi KZUzKz cÖfve c‡o‡Q ¯^vaxbZv-DËi fviZe‡l©, †h-fviZel© P‚ovšÍ cÖwZwµqvkxj kw³i wnsmª `sóªvNv‡Z ÿZweÿZ, †hLv‡b †g‡qiv µgea©gvb Aegvbbv Ges wnsmvi wkKvi? GLv‡b Avi GKwU K_v ejv nq‡Zv AcÖvmw½K n‡e bv, myfvlP‡›`ªi Avi GKwU ¯^cœI †Zv mdj nqwb| mv¤úª`vwqK wnsmvi nvbvnvwb hLb fvi‡Zi ivRbxwZ‡Z Zz‡½ †mB mg‡q wZwb m¤ú~Y© ag©wbi‡cÿZv Ges Amv¤úª`vwqKZvi wfwË‡Z AvRv` wn›` evwnbx MVb Ki‡Z mg_© n‡qwQ‡jb| wek¦v‡m fv‡jvevmvq mngwg©Zvq HKë× K‡iwQ‡jb fviZevmx‡K| Zuvi mve‡gwib hvÎvi m½x Avwe` nvmvb, †kl wegvbhvÎvi m½x nvweeyi ingvb| AvRv` wn›` miKv‡ii K¨vwe‡b‡Ui PviRb gymjgvb †mbvbvqK AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c‡` wQ‡jb| ivYx evwnbxi cÖwkÿY wQj †gneye Avj‡gi nv‡Z| 1943 †_‡K 1945 Ñ GB `ywU eQ‡i hLb AvRv` wn›` evwnbxi mvd‡jï msev` Rvbv †hZ †eZv‡i, hLb myfvlP‡›`ªi Av‡eM`xß fvlY †f‡m AvmZ, evOvwj wn›`y gymjgvb mwZ¨B nq‡Zv wek¦vm Ki‡Zb Ô†gjv‡eb wZwb †gjv‡ebÕ Ñ GB Avðh© cyiæl G‡b †`‡eb ALÐ fvi‡Zi c~Y© ¯^vaxbZv c~Y© m¤§v‡bi m‡½| †m-¯^cœ †h wKfv‡e P‚Y© n‡qwQj †m †Zv Rvbv BwZnvm| Suvwm evwnbx m¤^‡Ü `y-GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ K_v e‡j‡Qb HwZnvwmK Peter Fay The Forgotten Army eBwU‡Z| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, AvBGbG hw` Zvi wekvj ˆmb¨msL¨v Ges mvgwiK K…wZZ¡ m‡Ë¡I GK we¯§„Z †mbvevwnbx‡Z cwiYZ nq Z‡e Suvwm evwnbx †h we¯§„wZi AšÍiv‡j wejyß n‡e Zv wbZvšÍ ¯^vfvweK| Zvi K_vq, ÔThis regiment of women faded away completely with Transfer of Power and there has not been any space for it in India’s pantheon.Õ ¯^íKvjxb

Aw¯Í‡Z¡ Suvwm evwnbx †Kv‡bv mvgwiK mvdj¨ `vwe Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ñ hy‡× hvIqv m¤¢e nqwb GB evwnbxi| wKš‘ BwZnv‡mi †Kv‡bv Aa¨vq‡KB aivi ayjvq †nvK nviv e‡j hwZ wPý †`Iqv hvq bv| cieZx©Kv‡j cÖvß Z‡_¨i wfwË‡Z BwZnv‡mi cybM©V‡bi GB cÖwµqvq Suvwm evwnbxi wewfbœ w`‡Ki Ici we‡kølYx Av‡jvKcvZ cÖ‡qvRb| myfvlP‡›`ªi evYx cÖevmx wKQymsL¨K †g‡qi Rxe‡b

†h Avg~j cwieZ©b G‡bwQj, msL¨v hZB Aí †nvK, G êcøweK NUbv †Kb Ges †Kvb cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z m¤¢e n‡qwQj Zvi HwZnvwmK e¨vL¨v cÖ‡qvRb| j²x ev Ab¨ wkwÿZ †g‡q‡ì K_vq †evSv hvq Ñ fvi‡Zi Av‡›`vjb m¤ú‡K© Zuviv AewnZ wQ‡jb| †i½y‡bi †g‡qivI wkÿvq I ivR‰bwZK Áv‡b AMÖYx wQ‡jb| wKš‘ Ab¨ †g‡qiv, huviv †bZvRxi e³…Zvq DØy× n‡q N‡ii eÜb wQbœ K‡iwQ‡jb, Aj¼vi †_‡K †kl m¤^j A_©UzKz `vb K‡i bvbvfv‡e †bZvRxi Kg©h‡Á kvwgj n‡qwQ‡jb, Guiv †Zv mvaviY †g‡q| ZrKvjxb †bÎx‡ì ¯§„wZPviYvq wKQyUv AwZK_b _vK‡jI G NUbv †h N‡UwQj Zv‡Z m‡›`n †bB| myfvlP›`ª Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ GK ai‡bi AvZ¥m‡PZbZvi †eva m„wó K‡iwQ‡jb hvi d‡j, Joyce Lebra ej‡Qb, ÔThere is no doubt about the fact that the response of a large section of women was tremendous at that moment of crisis.Õ G cwieZ©b †Kgb K‡i m¤¢e n‡qwQj,

bvbv we‡f` m‡Ë¡I Guiv KZUv HKë× wQ‡jb, hy‡× Gu‡ì Kx Ae`vb Ñ mewKQy wb‡qB c~Y©v½ Av‡jvPbvi AeKvk Av‡Q| we¯§„Z GB evwnbxi cÖZxKx g~j¨ Ab¯^xKvh© Ñ AvL¨v‡bi †k‡l wbwØ©avq G-K_v ejv hvq| bvixev‡ì †mB Avw`hy‡M myfvlP‡›`ªi Nwbô mnKgx© K‡b©j †R. †K. `Ë e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔThe decision

to mobilize women throughout E. Asia for national service meant a very big step forward in the fight for complete enfranchisement of the Indian women.Õ Joyce Lebra ej‡Qb, Ôthis experiment certainly amounted to a significant enlargement of womenÕs role in nationalist politics from the passive role model of mythic Sita to that of the heroic activism of historic Rani of Jhansi.Õ

¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i ïay †mB c‡e© bq, AvZ¥cÖwZôvi Rb¨ †g‡qiv hLb †hLv‡b †h msMÖvg K‡i‡Qb ev Ki‡Qb Suvwm evwnbxi †g‡qiv Zuv‡ì mg‡MvÎxq mn‡hv×v Ñ Zuv‡ì Kvwnwb wPi cÖvmw½K| evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³msMÖv‡g †g‡q‡ì f‚wgKv wQj Abb¨, AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ñ GB ARvbv, A‡Pbv †g‡qiv Zuv‡ì c~e©m~wi ej‡j nq‡Zv BwZnv‡mi Acjvc NU‡e bv|

Z_¨m~Î

K. The Forgotten Army, Peter W. Fay, New Delhi, Rupa Co. 1974.

L. Brothers Against the Raj, Leonard A Gordon, New York, Columbia University Press, 1990.

M. A Beacon Across Asia, Sisir K. Bose, Alexander

Werth. S.A. Ayer (eds.), Orient Longman, New Delhi, 1973. N. The Oracle Ñ Netaji Research Bureau, Calcutta, January 1980. O. The Men From Imphal, Abid Hasan Safrani, Netaji Research Bureau, Calcutta, 1971. P. Lakshmi Swaminathan Sahgal, Interviews, 1976, Kanpur.

Q. JAI HIND Ñ Diary of a Rebel Daughter of India, Janmabhumi Prakashan, Mumbai.

†bZvRx wimvP© ey¨‡ivi m‡½ eûw`b hy³ _vKvi d‡j Suvwm evwnbxi †bÎx‡`i m‡½ Nwbô Av‡jvPbvi weij my‡hvM N‡UwQj Ñ †bZvRx fe‡b Zuviv wQ‡jb wbZ¨-AwZw_| g‡b n‡qwQj BwZnv‡mi GB we¯§„Z Aa¨vq Suvwm evwnbxi AvL¨vb wjwce× Kiv cÖ‡qvRb eû mxgve×Zv m‡Ë¡I| cyi‡bv †mB w`‡bi K_vq eg©v, †i½yb BZ¨vw` cyi‡bv bvg¸wjB e¨envi Kiv mgxPxb g‡b n‡q‡Q| r

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AjsKiY : Ave`ym kvKzi

†K`viæ aiv covi Lywk‡ZI fv‡e, bvwZi eo †PvLv eyw×| †m wb‡R XvKv hvqwb mZ¨, wKš‘ weëz evev-gv‡qi m‡½ AšÍZ wZbevi hvZvqvZ K‡i‡Q| Kv‡RB XvKv hvIqvi evqbv c~iY Ki‡Z bvbv Zv‡K Kuv‡a wb‡q iIbv w`‡j nq‡Zv wek¦vm †R‡MwQj, bvbvi Lvwj Mv †`‡LI wek¦vmUv bó nqwb; wKš‘ MiæUv‡K †`‡L m‡›`n RvM‡Q| m‡›`n `~i Ki‡Z e‡j †K`viæ, Ô`vgovUvi V¨vs euvwaqv ev‡mi Qv‡` Zzwj †`‡gv| Miæ †`wLqv †Zvi evc-gvI Lywk nB‡e|Õ weëz Avk¦¯Í n‡q e‡j, Ôev‡mi Qv‡` Pwoqv nvgivI Miæi `wo awi ewm _vK‡gv bvbv| bv nB‡j kvjv jvd †`‡e|Õ eqm Kg, evB‡i †e‡iv‡jB ZvB evQyiUv Qy‡U Pj‡Z Pvq| iv¯Ív †Q‡o cv‡ki WMg‡M meyR avb‡ÿ‡Z QyU‡Z PvB‡j `wo †U‡b a‡i †K`viæ, gy‡Li kvmb h‡_ó bv n‡j wewo †Vuv‡U wb‡q nv‡Zi c¨vw›U †Zv‡j| weëz e‡j, ÔI bvbv, wewoUv †gv‡K w`qv WvOvI IUv‡K|Õ Ô`~i cvMjv, wewo LvIqvi eqm nB‡Q †Zvi! Zvi PvB‡Z †dvbUv nv‡Z †b ZzB|Õ XvKv †_‡K †g‡qi Riæwi †dvb cvIqvi Avkvq †mUv KvQQvov K‡iwb, evB‡i †e‡iv‡bvi mgq †Kvg‡i jyw½i cu¨v‡P ¸u‡R wb‡q‡Q

†K`viæ| weëzi nv‡Z w`‡j †Ucv‡Uwc K‡i bó Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZviciI †dvb †Ìqvi cÖ¯Íve K‡i Avm‡j Zvi XvKv hvIqvi evqbv †fvjv‡Z| wKš‘ weëz Zvi evqbvq AUj _vK‡ZB e‡j, Ô†gvevB‡j gv‡qi mv‡_ Avi K_v bv KBg gyB| ev‡m Pwoqv Av‡M XvKv P‡jv|Õ Ôevm÷¨vÛ †Zv †gjv `~i, Zvi Av‡M wgwjUvwii †`vKv‡b hvqqv Pv-we¯‹zU LvB‡j †Kgb nq weëz? Pj, †Zv‡K Gjvq GKUv wPcmI wKwb w`g|Õ wPc‡mi cÖ¯Ív‡e KL‡bvB AvcwË †bB weëzi| Lywk n‡q Reve †`q, ÔwVK Av‡Q| jvj †VvOvi wPcm wKbey wKš‘|Õ MšÍe¨ cvjUv‡Z ivwR n‡q‡Q hLb, wPcm †c‡j XvKv hvIqvi evqbvI †fvjv‡bv hv‡e| Pv-cvb †L‡q MiæUvmn we‡ji av‡i hv‡e| Nvm-cvbv †L‡q MiæiI †cU fi‡e| Avi cv_v‡i bvwZi m‡½ †LvkMí I †Ljvayjv K‡iB †eKvi w`bUv AvR KvUv‡e †K`viæ| wKš‘ iRe wgwjUvwii †`vKv‡b hvIqvi K_v fve‡j nuvUvi MwZ K‡g Av‡m, nvm¨-cwinv‡mi †gRvRUvI Pzc‡m hvq| ZIev K‡iwQj †K`viæ, evwKi UvKv †kva bv n‡j wgwjUvwii †`vKv‡b hv‡e bv Avi| evwKi LvZvq †K`viæi bv‡g wZb nvRvi mvZ‡kv Pwjøk UvKv cvIbv n‡q‡Q, Av`v‡qi Rb¨ wgwjUvwi cvi‡j Zv‡K ¸wj K‡i, GgbB cvMjv KzËv-†gRvR n‡q‡Q Zvi| wgwjUvwii K_v g‡b n‡j †K`viæi †gRvRI ZvB weM‡o hvq| PvKwi K‡i wgwjUvwi e›`yK wb‡q †Kv_vq Kx hy× K‡i‡Q †KD Rv‡b bv| wKš‘ wi‡Uqvi K‡i †cbk‡bi UvKvq evwoi mvg‡b gyw`‡`vKvb w`‡q‡Q| MÖvgevmxi UvKv Lmv‡Z wgwjUvwi n‡q‡Q gnvRb, Avi mvBb‡evW© QvovB †`vKv‡bi bvg n‡q‡Q wgwjUvwii †`vKvb| n‡iK gv‡j †`vKvb f‡i‡Q, Pv †e‡P, Zvi Ici wWkwUwfI wdU K‡i‡Q| MÖvgevmxi Kv‡Q wgwjUvwii †`vKvb GLb Aemi we‡bv`‡biI eo RvqMv| wKš‘ MZ GK mßvn wUwf †`L‡ZI wgwjUvwii †`vKv‡b DuwK †`qwb †K`viæ| GB mgqUvq Muv‡qi Pvwl-gRyi‡ì gv‡S †eKvi ïay †K`viæ bq, avb †ivqvi KvR †kl nIqvi ci h_vixwZ †eKvi n‡q‡Q Muv‡qi me KvgjvB| G‡ì K‡qKRb †`vKv‡b e‡m Pv-cv‡bi m‡½ ¸jZvwb gvi‡Q| cwiwPZ wf‡o kwiK nIqvi Rb¨ AvR †`vKv‡bi mvg‡b G‡mI bvwZ‡K Nvo †_‡K bvgvq bv †K`viæ| wgwjUvwi †`vKv‡b ùvov‡bv `yRb Kv÷gvi we`v‡q e¨¯Í, Zvi `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡Z †ewÂ‡Z emv GKRb‡K e‡j †m, ÔI m‡jgb †`L †Zv, `vgovUv nv‡U Zzj‡j KZ `vg nB‡e †i?Õ Ôc‡b‡iv nvRvi nB‡Z cv‡i, Zv GLb †ePwe †Kb? †gvUvZvRv Kwiqv †Kvievwb C‡` bv †ePwe KBwj|Õ Ôbv †eP‡j bvwZ‡K PK‡jU-wPcm-we¯‹zU LvIqvB Kx w`qv? wgwjUvwii †`vKv‡bi evwK †kva Ki‡Z nB‡e|Õ Ô†Kb †K`viæfvB, bvwZ‡K bvbvi NvoZ w`‡Q hviv XvKv nB‡Z Zviv wK UvKv cvVvq bv?Õ MZ gv‡m †g‡qi cvVv‡bv UvKv †c‡qI †K`viæ †`vKv‡bi cvIbvUv †kva K‡iwb, wg‡_¨ e‡jwQj, †mB wg‡_Üv‡K AuvK‡o a‡i †`vKvb`v‡ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q e‡j, ÔRvgvB nvgvi Av‡›`vjb Kwiqv Mvi‡g‡›Ui PvKwi nvivB‡Q| †g‡qi Mvi‡g›Um KviLvbv‡ZI †eZb evov‡bvi Av‡›`vjb nB‡Z‡Q| I wgwjUvwi, wUwf‡Z Mvi‡g›U‡mi bZzb Lei wKQy Kq bvB?Õ wUwf eÜ †i‡L iRe wgwjUvwi GLb bM` cqmvi L‡Ïi mvgjv‡Z e¨¯Í, †K`viæ wKsev Zvi nv‡Zi c‡b‡iv nvRvi UvKvi m¤ú‡ì w`‡K åæ‡ÿc K‡i bv| †K`viæ MiæUv‡K iv¯Ívi cv‡k

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AjsKiY : ZiæY †Nvl ivRivwbgv Kx fv‡eb †K Rv‡b! Z‡e mvMiv Kz‡gv‡ii †Pv‡L Nyg †bB| GB eywS ivRivwbgv Zvi M`©vb †bq! wKš‘ ivRivwbgv M`©vb †bq bv, Zvi Av‡MB mvMiv ¯^cœ †`‡L| Avðh© †mB ¯^cœ! Avi Zvi fq †K‡U hvq| †m wbf©‡q ivRivwbgvi ìev‡i wM‡q nvwRi nq| ivRivwbgv wKQy wR‡Ám Kivi Av‡M †m wb‡RB e‡j Zvi †`Lv ¯^‡cœi K_v| R‡ji †èZvVvKzi Zvi ¯^‡cœ G‡mwQj| Zvi Kv‡Q ewj †P‡q‡Q| ewj bv w`‡j w`wN‡Z Rj DV‡e bv| Ñ Kvi ewj? ivRivwbgv wR‡Ám K‡ib| Ñ AvZ¥ewj gv-VvKivb| Avgvi ewj PvB‡Q †èZvVvKzi| Ñ †Zvgvi B”Qv Kx? Ñ Avcwb hv ej‡eb gv-VvKivb| Ñ Zvn‡j Zzwg †Zvgvi ¯^cœv‡`k cvjb K‡iv| Ñ ZvB n‡e gv-VvKivb| Gici mvMiv Kz‡gvi Zvi †Luvov w`wNi wVK gvSLv‡b GKUv weMÖnnxb gw›ì wbg©vY K‡i| mvZ‡kv eªvþ‡Y wg‡j mvZw`b a‡i hÁ K‡i †mB gw›`‡i| hÁ †kl n‡j cÖavb eªvþ‡Yi wb‡`©kg‡Zv mvMiv †b‡P †b‡P †mB gw›ì mvZevi cwiµgv K‡i| gy‡L wb‡Ri D‡Ï‡k wb‡RB myi K‡i Mvb Mvq :

mevi Av‡M eveyjv‡ji Uvcieuvav MvwoUv| †cQ‡b Avmeve‡evSvB evwK QLvbv Mvwo| eveyjv‡ji Mvwo‡Z AveŸv-gv‡qi m‡½ wjUb wb‡RI Av‡Q| eveyjvj Zvi gvgvevwoi gvwn›`vi| Zvi civbeÜz| eveyjv‡ji evwo GB kvje‡bi †fZ‡i †Kv‡bv GKUv gywÐ‡Z| gywÐ gv‡b cvov| cvovUvi bvg ïKbvWvOv| bvg ïKbvWvOv n‡jI Pvicv‡k Nb meyR R½j| Zvi g‡a¨ GKUv †QvU cvov| Kx my›ì! GB kvje‡b cvZv Kz‡ov‡Z G‡m GKevi †m eveyjvj‡ì ïKbvWvOvq wM‡qwQj| eveyjvj‡ì evwo‡Z KvVweovwji †Mv¯Í w`‡q fvZ †L‡qwQj| e¨vcviUv RvbvRvwb n‡q hvq| fzj K‡i †m wb‡RB Zvi gvgv‡Zv fvB‡evb‡ì e‡j w`‡qwQj †m-K_v| Avi Zvi gvgv‡Zv fvB‡ev‡biv wM‡q jvwM‡qwQj Zv‡ì AveŸv‡K| Zviv Zv‡ì AveŸvi Kvb fvwO‡qwQj| Zv‡ì AveŸv gv‡b Zvi gvgv mvsNvwZK GK‡ivLv gvbyl| e¨vcviUv ei`v¯Í K‡iwb| kvw¯Í w`‡qwQj| eveyjv‡ji g‡Zv ZviI fv‡Zi _vjv Avjv`v Kivi ûKzg w`‡qwQj evwo‡Z| wZb gvm P‡jwQj †mB kvw¯Í| Av‡iv PjZ nq‡Zv! IB mgq nVvr b-cvovi gvnvgy`v bvwb, Zvi gv‡qi †QvU Lvjv, G‡m gvgv‡K agK-avgK w`‡q DwV‡qwQj Zvi †mB kvw¯Í| gvnvgy`v bvwb †eu‡P †bB| Zvi wb‡Ri bvwbI †eu‡P †bB| Z‡e gvgv Av‡Q; wKš‘ gvgvi †mB mvsNvwZK e¨vcviUv Avi †bB| gvgv †Kgb Pzc‡m _v‡K AvRKvj| gvwg Amy¯’ e‡jB wKbv †K Rv‡b! gvgv ¯‹zjgv÷vi, ¯‹z‡ji mgqUzKz ev` w`‡j evwK mgq gvwgi †mevq Kv‡U Zvi| A™¢zZ GKUv gvbyl Zvi IB gvgv| †m hLb P‡j AvmwQj, gvgv Zv‡K ïay ey‡K Rwo‡q a‡iwQj| gy‡L GKwUI K_v e‡jwb| wb‡Ri `y‡PvL †_‡K ïay †duvUv †duvUv Rj Swi‡qwQj| †mB †duvUv †duvUv †Pv‡Li Rj S‡i c‡owQj Zvi gv_vq, kix‡i| `v‡`vevwo, `v‡`vi K_v bv †f‡e gvgvevwo, gvgvi K_v fve‡Q wjUb| hwÌ ï‡b‡Q Zvi `v‡`v Lye eo‡jvK! cÖPzi †RvZm¤úwËi gvwjK! g¾vZcy‡i bvwK wekvj `vjvbevwo Av‡Q! hwÌ AvR ch©šÍ †Kv‡bvwKQyB †Pv‡L †`‡Lwb| Lvwj Mí ï‡b‡Q| civbeÜz eveyjvj ïwb‡q‡Q me| eveyjvj Kx Kv‡R Zvi `v‡`vi evwo wM‡qwQj GKevi! wd‡i G‡m Mí K‡iwQj, ÔRvwbm wjUb Ñ †Zvi `v‡`vi GK‡Uv wekvj eo Av‡gi evMvb Av‡Q! SuvKovSuvKov me Av‡gi MvQ! Lvwj Av‡gi evMvb jq †Lv? Av‡iv KZ wKQyi evMvb Av‡Q! wjPzi evMvb| euv‡ki evMvb| KuvVv‡ji evMvb| GK‡Uv evMv‡b †Zv Avevi n‡iKiK‡gi d‡ji MvQ! Rvg, eoni, AvgjKx, GK‡Uv wejvwZ Avgovi MvQ Av‡Q ch©šÍ!Õ eveyjvj ïay Zv‡K Mí †kvbvqwb, Zvi R‡b¨ †ekwKQy wejvwZ Avgov G‡bwQj| Kx my›ì †`L‡Z! †L‡ZI wgwó| †mB

Avgov †m Zvi Bqvi‡`v¯Í‡ì m‡½ fvM K‡i †L‡qwQj| Me© K‡i e‡jwQj, ÔRvwbm Ñ GB Avgov Avgvi `v‡`vi evMv‡bi!Õ KzZz e‡jwQj, Ô†Zvi `v‡`vi evMvb! KwZKvi evMvb †e? †Zvi AveŸv‡Uv †K, ZvB †Zv Kzbyw`b fv‡jv Kwi †Pv‡L †`Ljvg bv! Avevi `v‡`v, `v‡`vi evMvb!Õ Zvi Bqvi‡`v¯Í‡ì g‡a¨ IB KzZz kvjv Lye nvivwg| Ii Rb¨B †m hv‡”Q Zvi `v‡`vi mvgªvR¨ †`L‡Z| eveyjv‡ji K_v hw` mwZ¨ nq, GKw`b KzZz‡KI wb‡q wM‡q †`Lv‡e| KzZz †h K_vq K_vq Zv‡K Acgvb K‡i, †mUvi Avmj e`jv n‡e KzZz‡K mewKQy †`Lv‡bv| wKš‘ gv-M½v Avi KZ`~i? kvjebUvB †h GL‡bv †kl n‡”Q bv| civbeÜz‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡e bvwK? bv wR‡Ám Ki‡Z cv‡i bv wjUb| Zvi Av‡MB Zvi gv Zvi AveŸv‡K ej‡Q, ÔIB wR mvB‡Kj Pown ingZfvB Avwm‡Q| Ai my‡_ K_v ej‡Z †h‡qb bv †Lv Avevi!Õ AveŸv wR‡Ám Kij, Ô†Kb Ñ Kx n‡q‡Q Avevi †Zvgv‡ì? SMovSuvwU!Õ gv e‡j, Ôbv Ñ bv| Zv jq †Lv| ingZfvB Kvw`qvb ûb †Mj‡Q| Muv-†Z D AvLyb GKv‡Nvi¨v|Õ wjUb gv‡qi K_v ïb‡Z ïb‡Z †`L‡Q Zvi ingZgvgv mvB‡Kj P‡o Zv‡ì MvwoUv‡K cvk KvwU‡q P‡j †Mj| Zv‡ì w`‡K ZvwK‡qI †`Lj bv| Avevi AveŸv-gv †KDB ingZgvgvi m‡½ K_v ejj bv| GgbwK mvjvg Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kij bv ch©šÍ| ingZgvgv n‡jv wM‡q gv‡qi PvPv‡Zv fvB| A_P gv Zvi †mB PvPv‡Zv fvB‡qi m‡½ K_v ejj bv| AveŸv‡KI ej‡Z w`‡jv bv| GUv wjUb‡K Lye AevK Ki‡jI †m Pzc K‡i _vKj| ingZgvgvi evwo Zvi gvgvi MÖvg IB Puv`cy‡iB| Z‡e wfb cvovq| †m A‡bKevi †M‡Q IB ingZgvgvi evwo| †`‡L‡Q ingZgvgvi GKUv Ni Av‡Q| Kx my›ì! KZ eBcËi †mB N‡i| evsjv, Bs‡iwR, Aviwe eBcËi me| ingZgvgv †h Lye cov‡kvbv K‡i, IBme eBcËi †`‡L †m ey‡SwQj| Zvici wb‡Ri gvgv‡K GKw`b wR‡Ám K‡iwQj, Ôgvgv Ñ IB cvovi ingZgvgv †Kv‡bv ¯‹z‡j c‡o?Õ Ô†Kvb ¯‹z‡j c‡o ej‡Z?Õ ÔZvi N‡i †h A‡bK eB| AZ eB Kx K‡i ingZgvgv?Õ †m Avevi wR‡Ám K‡iwQj| gvgv DË‡i e‡jwQj, ÔKx Ki‡e Avevi? Ggwb c‡o|Õ GZ eB GKRb gvbyl Kx K‡i c‡o? †Kb c‡o? eyS‡Z cv‡iwb wjUb| Av‡Rv cv‡i bv| K¬v‡mi KUv eB co‡ZB †Zv Zvi gv_v a‡i hvq| †mB Kvi‡YB ingZgvgvi Ici Zvi AbïKg kÖ×vfw³ wQj| wKš‘ gv †h ej‡Q ingZgvgv Kvw`qvb n‡q‡Q| ÔKvw`qvbÕ e¨vcviUv Kx Zvn‡j? gv‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡e bvwK? fv‡e e‡U, wR‡Ám Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ZZÿ‡Y Zv‡ì MvwoUv kvjeb †cwi‡q †Rvjvq †b‡g c‡o‡Q| GB †Rvjvq Ggb cvBc †cuvZv Av‡Q hv‡Z webv `gK‡j ûû K‡i Rj I‡V| dUd‡U cwi®‹vi Rj| †mB Rj kvje‡b cvZv Kz‡ov‡Z G‡m mevB Lvq| civbeÜzi m‡½ cvZv Kz‡ov‡Z G‡m wjUb wb‡RI †L‡q‡Q KZevi| Lye wgwó Rj| g‡b c‡o †Mj Zvi †mB K_v| Avi Zvi †PvL LyuR‡Z ïiæ Kij †mB Rj IVv cvBcUv‡K| wKš‘ †Kv_vq †mB cvBc? avbPv‡l mey‡R meyR n‡q Av‡Q †MvUv †Rvjv| †hb Wvbv †gjv GKSuvK wUqv cvwL! Wvbv †g‡j Do‡Q bxj AvKv‡ki wb‡P! †Rvjv gv‡b bvevj Rwg| †Kv‡bv Kv‡j bvwK gv-M½vi †mªvZ eBZ GB Lv‡Z! civbeÜz eveyjvj Zv‡K e‡jwQj| †KvbKv‡j Zv e‡jwb| †mI wR‡Ám K‡iwb| civbeÜz GLb Zvi m‡½B|

wjU‡bi Bqvi‡`v¯Í‡ì g‡a¨ IB KzZz kvjv Lye nvivwg| Ii Rb¨B †m hv‡”Q Zvi `v‡`vi mvgªvR¨ †`L‡Z| eveyjv‡ji K_v hw` mwZ¨ nq, GKw`b KzZz‡KI wb‡q wM‡q †`Lv‡e| KzZz †h K_vq K_vq Zv‡K Acgvb K‡i, †mUvi Avmj e`jv n‡e KzZz‡K mewKQy †`Lv‡bv| civbeÜz‡K GLb wR‡Ám Ki‡e bvwK? wKš‘ GLb AveŸvI Zvi m‡½| ZvB wR‡Ám Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| AveŸv-gv wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ Kx wb‡q K_v ej‡Q| Zv‡ì K_v GKUz GKUz Zvi Kv‡b XzK‡jI †m wKQy eyS‡Z cvi‡Q bv| Z‡e gv‡qi KÉ¯^‡i Pvcv D‡ËRbv Av‡Q| †mUv eyS‡Z cvi‡Q| AveŸv K_v e‡j gv‡qi D‡ËRbv Kgv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡Q| mwZ¨ mwZ¨ GKSuvK wUqv †Rvjvi avb‡ÿZ †_‡K kvje‡bi w`‡K D‡o hv‡”Q| wjUb †`L‡Q| bvwK †RvjvUvB D‡o hv‡”Q wUqvi SuvK n‡q? †m fve‡Q, GKSuvK bq Ñ Zvi wb‡Ri hw` GKUv wUqv _vKZ! KzZzi fvB cvZzi †hgb Av‡Q| cvZzi wUqvUv cvZzi m‡½ m‡½B _v‡K| ÔcvZzÕ ÔcvZzÕ K‡i Wv‡K Avevi! Kx †h †jvf nq! †mB †jv‡f eveyjvj‡K GKevi GKUv wUqv a‡i †Ìqvi K_v e‡jwQj †m| eveyjvj wUqv a‡i †`‡e e‡jwQj| wKš‘ †mB wUqv ivL‡e †Kv_vq? mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡qwQj gvgv‡K wb‡q| gvgvi evwo‡Z †_‡K †mUv m¤¢e bq| gvgv †h gvby‡li gvbyl! GKevi iæûjfvB †Kv_v †_‡K GKUv cvqiv G‡bwQj †cvlvi Rb¨! †mB Kvi‡Y gvgv †g‡i iæûjfvB‡qi hv nvj K‡iwQj| wb‡Ri †Pv‡L †`‡LwQj †m| wb‡Ri †Q‡j e‡j iæûjfvB‡K LvwZi K‡iwb gvgv| jvwV‡cUv K‡iwQj| AMZ¨v gvgvi f‡q ZrÿYvr wUqv †cvlvi fvebv‡K gb †_‡K we`vq K‡iwQj †m| GLb Avevi wUqv †cvlvi B”QvUv wd‡i Avm‡Q Zvi g‡b| GLb †_‡K †m Zvi `v‡`vevwo‡Z _vK‡e| hv Lywk Ki‡e| wUqvI cyl‡e| g‡b g‡b D‡ËRbv †eva K‡i wjUb| Ges KZ ZvovZvwo `v‡`vevwo‡Z wM‡q †cuŠQ‡e Zvi Rb¨ Aw¯’i n‡q I‡V| Avi AveŸv †jvKUv‡K fz‡j wM‡q gv‡K wR‡Ám K‡i, `v‡`vevwo Avi KZ`~i gv? gv Kx Rv‡b QvB! gv wK KL‡bv †M‡Q bvwK? gv †Zv Rxe‡b KL‡bv gv-M½vB †c‡ivqwb| Z‡e AveŸv †jvKUv Rv‡b| AveŸv †jvKUv gv-M½v †cwi‡q‡Q| AveŸv †jvKUv Zvi cÖ‡kœi DËi †`q, ÔAvi LvwbKUv| IB †Rvjvi Icv‡i †h-MÖvgUv †`LwQm, IUv evwjqv MÖvg| Zvi c‡iB M½v b`x| IB b`x †cwi‡q wKQyUv †M‡j ...Õ AveŸv †jvKUvi K_v ïb‡Z ïb‡Z gv-M½v‡K Kíbv K‡i wjUb| wKš‘ hv KL‡bv †Pv‡L †`‡Lwb Zv Kíbvq Avb‡e Kx K‡i? ¯‹z‡j f‚Zbv_ gv÷vi ejZ, Ôhv KL‡bv †Pv‡L †`Lwb Zv Kíbvq Avm‡e bv|Õ mwZ¨B gv-M½v Zvi Kíbvq Av‡mI bv| †mB Kvi‡YB †evanq Zvi Aw¯’iZv †e‡o hvq| m‡½ ev‡o civbeÜzi

Kwi‡q w`‡q‡Q| wjUb mvsNvwZK fq †c‡jI mvg‡bi `„k¨ †`‡L AevK bv n‡q cv‡i bv| GZ eo Lv`? ZvI Avevi evwji Lv`! bvwK mvg‡b IUv evwji Lv`vb GKUv? †m wKQy ey‡S IVvi Av‡MB eveyjvj e‡j I‡V, ÔGÏ¨v‡i wjUb, GB `¨vL gv-M½v|Õ gv-M½v! gv-M½v †Zv Rj KB? R‡ji †mªvZ KB? ïay evwj Avi evwj †h! Uvc‡ii †fZi †_‡K gyL †ei K‡i fv‡jv K‡i Rj †Luv‡R wjUb| †kl ch©šÍ Aek¨ †`L‡Z cvq, `~‡i ay-wPKwPK evwji g‡a¨ wQjwQ‡j GKUv aviv e‡q P‡j‡Q| †mB aviv wN‡i GLv‡b-ILv‡b eû gvby‡li wfo! †KD Kv‡Ki g‡Zv mœvb Ki‡Q| †KD Kvco KvP‡Q| †KD Kjwm‡Z Rj fi‡Q| `~‡i Avevi IB b`xi ey‡KB jKwo-Kv‡V Av¸b R¡j‡Q `vD`vD, hvi KzÐjx cvKv‡bv †auvqv D‡o wM‡q wgk‡Q bxj AvKv‡k| Z‡e Av¸b wN‡i A‡bK †jvK Vvq ùvwo‡q Av‡Q| cv‡k XvK evR‡Q, †Xvj evR‡Q| Kvbœvi myiI †f‡m Avm‡Q †mLvb †_‡K| Im‡e wjU‡bi †Kv‡bv AvMÖn †bB hwÌ| †m fve‡Q gv-M½v‡K wb‡q| w`wNi PvB‡Z b`x A‡bK eo! Zvn‡j gv-M½vq Rj †bB †Kb? A_P †cuvcvovi mvMiw`wN‡Z KZ Rj| Zvn‡j b`xi †P‡q w`wN †QvU nq Kx K‡i? wjU‡bi Ggb fvebvi g‡a¨ eveyjv‡ji MvwoUv b`x‡Z bvgvi wjK Lyu‡R †c‡q‡Q| †mBg‡Zv MvwoUv nvI‡j nvI‡j G‡Mv‡”Q| †mUv‡K AbymiY Ki‡Q Kv‡djvi Ab¨ Mvwo¸wj| evwji Ici w`‡q iv¯Ív! †Kv_vq iv¯Ív? ïayB evwj| evwj‡Z wjK c‡o bv| Mvwoi PvKv c‡o bv| ej`¸wji Lye Kó n‡”Q! wjUb Abyfe Ki‡Q| evwjqv †Q‡o Zv‡ì MvwoUv‡K ej`‡Rvov †h-MwZ‡Z QywU‡q G‡bwQj NvU eivei, GLb Avi MvwoUvi †mB MwZ †bB| ej`‡Rvovi w`‡K ZvwK‡qB Zv eyS‡Z cvi‡Q †m| m‡½ GI eyS‡Z cvi‡Q, evwj KvD‡K iv¯Ív †`q bv| evwji Ici iv¯Ív K‡i wb‡Z nq| †hgb ej`‡Rvov K‡i wb‡”Q! r

†Qv U M í

UzBsKj UzBsKj wjUj ÷vi

wmivRyj Bmjvg

Ñ †Zvi gyLUv d‡Uv‡RwbK| K¨v‡givq †Zvi †PnvivUv fv‡jv Av‡m; wKš‘ Avi wKQy †bB †Zvi| Ñ GZw`b ci GB K_vi gv‡b Kx? †iRvbyi ejj, ZzB kU©, †ek Lv‡Uv, †gvUv auv‡Pi wdMvi| K¨v‡givq †MvjMvj jv‡M| wnwg ejj, †Zv? Ñ †Zvi MjvUv nvw¯‹, K_vi kã¸‡jv †f‡O †f‡O hvq, nvW© jv‡M| B‡gvkb `vbv euva‡Z cv‡i bv| Ñ Zzwg †Zv ej‡Z, Avgvi †Pnvivq GKUv A¨vwcj Av‡Q| Ñ †mUv Av‡Q| ZzB wKQy g‡b Kwim bv, †mUv †m· A¨vwcj| GB evRv‡i bvU‡Ki bvwqKv, weÁvc‡bi gy‡L †m· A¨vwcj hvq bv| †mLv‡b †Luv‡R B‡bv‡mÝ, wb®úvc, gvqv, ggZv| Ñ †Zvgvi Ime PvjvwK-K_vq Pj‡e bv †iRvbyi| Avwg †_‡g _vKvi ev AvU‡K hvIqvi †g‡q bv| Ñ Avwg †Zv‡K ZvB e‡jwQ? e‡jwQ Gme LvgwZi K_v fz‡j Avgv‡`i c_ Ly‡u R †ei Ki‡Z n‡e, GKUv bZzb †Kv‡bv jvB‡b fve‡Z n‡e| Av‡Q †Kv‡bv my‡hvM, iv¯Ív, Avwg Ly‡u R cvw”Q bv| †j‡M _vK‡Z n‡e, cwikÖg Ki‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡K, †Zv‡K `yRb‡KB|

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AjsKiY : my‡jLv †PŠayix

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welqwU †cvKv nvexeyjøvn wmivRx

GB `ycy‡i Kv`v hLb cv †_‡K nv‡Z bvK Zvi MÜ cvq †PvL hw`I Amxg cvnvivq Kwi‡Wv‡i †nuvPU †L‡Z-†L‡Z †cvKv bv‡g Avjc‡_ KvV I Kv`v GK eivei kvmb wK †mev? welqwU †cvKv Av¸‡b cyo‡j Z‡e bv QvB evjvB!

AmyL KvR‡j›`y †` AmyL †_‡K D‡V-Avmv Nievwo mvivw`b †ivÏy‡i wS‡gvq| †ivÏy‡i wK Zvc Av‡Q? eyS‡Z cvwi bv| Avwg AvOz‡j RovB g„Zz¨; mf¨Zvi msK‡U, ˆØi‡_ †P‡q †`wL Ñ `~ivMZ †gNgjøv‡ii myiaŸwb e„wói Avkvq NygfvOv Afz³ mKv‡ji mv‡_ nvmcvZv‡ji wmuwo‡Z `xN©ÿY PzcPvc e‡m Av‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K, AgxgvswmZ Ø‡›Øi kÖæwZwjwc nv‡Z wb‡q i³Rev evMv‡b G‡m‡Q ˆeRyevIiv Avi Zvb‡m‡bi †Luv‡R|

AjsKiY : me¨mvPx nvRiv

wkix‡li †c‡U †cvKv Wv‡K njøv hv nevi Zv †`ivR Mwj‡q Kwi‡Wv‡i †cuŠQy‡ZB g‡b Kwi‡q †`q MZmÜ¨vi kÖx †hLv‡b GKwU ivRc_ Zvi †Zv Rbc_ nevi K_v wQ‡jv GLb mKvj †fswP KvU‡j h‡Zv gvKvj ivRbxwZ wK MYbxwZ?

wein me¨mvPx †`e †Zvgvi wPey‡K wKQy †gN †j‡M Av‡Q eviv›`vi †kl cÖv‡šÍ †Zvgvi wmjy¨U Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í Wz‡e hvq Kzqvkvi wb‡P †Kv_vI A‡bK `~‡i b`xi A¯úó †iLv wQj, ïay Zvi AùzU K‡jøvj †kvbv hvq Kvb cvZ‡j| mKv‡ji Av‡jv gy‡Q †M‡Q, Rbnxb c‡_i `ycv‡k R‡ji †iLvq AuvKv wKQy QvqvQwe †g‡Ni wfZi †_‡K †Zvgvi †m-Mvb †f‡m Av‡m, †fRv c‡_ `~iMvgx Mvwo n‡b©i weKU k‡ã ¯ÍäZv wP‡i‡Q †Zvgv‡K Kxfv‡e cvB! Z‡e wK Ah_v gvqvKíbvi Kv‡Q bZRvby n‡q †Zvgvi Mv‡bi my‡i †R‡M DwV AwPi wei‡n! 74

wS‡ji wKbv‡i w`b †UvKb VvKzi Gi †Kv‡bv gv‡b Av‡Q †LvKv, Gi †Kv‡bv gv‡b Av‡Q? wZiwZi K‡i Kuv‡c Rj, wS‡ji wKbv‡i w`b Kx Kvi‡Y †Kvb cvwL evmv †ev‡b †Kb †Kvb Mv‡Q? cvwj‡q hvIqvi Av‡M fv‡jvevmv _v‡K AšÍixY? Gi †Kv‡bv gv‡b †bB LywK, Gi †bB †Kv‡bv gv‡b m¤úK© cvjv‡Z PvB‡j Zv‡K nvZ a‡i ejv, Ô_v‡KvÕ ¸uwo¸uwo e„wócvZ †hfv‡e hv‡K †hw`‡K Uv‡b nq‡Zv e„¶ e‡jb, ÔG‡m Avgv‡K Rwo‡q iv‡LvÕ ZviI †Kv‡bv gv‡b Av‡Q? ejv hvq, †Kv‡bv gv‡b †bB D‡o G‡m c‡o Av‡Q eviv›`vq †Kv‡bv GK cvZv Ñ cvZvMvQwUi Lei Kx AvR Ñ Avwg mwZ¨B Rvwb‡b KZ kã-ev‡K¨ fvix eyK Ñ eyKUv hLb LvZv †mLv‡b iwPZ KweZviv †_‡K hvq MÖš’nxb GUvB †Zv †ivgvw›UwmRg, wS‡ji wKbv‡i w`b ...

ü`‡q ev‡R g„`½ mywnZv myjZvbv †K Rvb‡Zv AwMœMvQ n‡q †m Av¸b Qov‡e †PŠw`‡K †Kej Zzwg bI mevB RxweKve× Rxe| gaïv‡Z fv‡jvevmv †PŠKvV Ry‡o Av‡jv Qov‡j †cÖgI †e‡R I‡V bw›`bx n‡q| †Zvgv‡K bv †`Lvi w`b¸wj‡Z cÖwZw`b †fvi G‡m Rvbvjvq †XD †Zv‡j Aeva¨ cÖY‡qi g‡Zv; AvKvkmgvb A‡c¶vi †fZ‡i Avqyi D‡Vv‡b G‡m ùvovq hg`~Z| †mI PvKwii Avw¯Í‡b PzwcPzwc g` †X‡j Lvq, ¶¨vcv‡U evD‡ji gZb Pi `L‡ji †bkvq KwP cvZv gvwo‡q ùvovq bMœ D‡Vv‡b| cvnv‡oi P‚ov ej‡Z A‡`Lv Rxeb Avi Wz‡e hvIqv m~‡h©i KvQvKvwQ Qwo‡q _vKv wUjvLÐ| †Zvgv‡ì Mj&dwMÖb Av‡jvwKZ K‡i Av‡Q kvi`xq Puv`, cy®újxjv, euv‡ki euvwk Avi A‡c¶vi g~iwZ ü`‡q ev‡R g„`½, †Pv‡Li †fZ‡i g„Mv¼| †MvjKauvavi g‡Zv Rxeb G‡m wg‡k †M‡Q mÜ¨vi w`MšÍ‡iLvq| Ljbvq‡Ki a~wjgvLv gy‡Li Ici cÖwZwnsmvi RjQvc †j‡Þ _v‡K Anwb©k, KZ`ªæZ wek¦v‡mi †fZ‡i ki‡Zi Kv‡jv †gN D‡o D‡o †cLg DuwP‡q a‡i| †Pbv c_ AvM‡j a‡i‡Q g~L© ivLvj| †PvL G‡m we× nq †Pv‡Li †fZ‡i, Av‡jvi †fZ‡i g„Zz¨, Kxfv‡e jyß n‡Z _v‡K| b¨vq †`‡Lv myo½c‡_ AcivwRZ Av‡jv †cÖ‡gi cO&w³ wb‡q Vvq e‡m Av‡Q NygšÍ †Pv‡L, Avgvi hvIqv bv n‡j ZzwgB bv nq G‡mv GKw`b AwMœcvZvq †f‡m| P‡›`ªi Abycy•L Abycv‡Z A™¢yZ gvqv †Ljv K‡i| Avgv‡ì bv †`Lv nIqvi w`b¸wj‡Z AvOyj Qyu‡q‡Q P›`ª, AMÖwš’Z kh¨vq nx‡ii `y¨wZgq Ae¸wÉZ gyL

GKwU MÖvg (ˆmq` AvwZKzj Avjg, cÖxwZfvR‡bly)

nvwdR iwk` Lvb cwicvwU MÖvg †Zvgvi Kx bvg meyR-wPKb Nv‡m-Nv‡m dzj m~h©v‡jv‡K PKP‡K c‡iQ my›ì `yj †Zvgvi †Kvgj †Sv‡c NyNy Wv‡K kx‡Zi mKv‡j GK wPj‡Z †iv‡ì wf‡o gv I wkïiv KvQvKvwQ _v‡K †Kv‡bvw`b †Zvgv‡K †`wLwb Av‡M GB MÖ‡n a~mi †`vPvjv N‡ii wKbv‡i wgªqgvY `‡n Zzwg wK Av‡MI wQ‡j gvby‡li nvwmKvbœv, Rxebhvc‡b wg‡j †`Ljvg Zzwg nvmQ fxlY weiæ× evZv‡m ch©U‡Ki †`vAvwo Mv‡q Iiv Av‡m †Zvgv‡K †`L‡Z ZvB ggZvi AuvP wb‡q AvwgI ùvovB ... 75

`ywU KweZv Abycg gy‡Lvcva¨vq †Zvi e›`i

wcuc‡oRxeb BKevj AvwRR wcuc‡oi g‡Zv †eu‡P AvwQ Avwg wcuc‡oRxeb njy` †Mva~wj Mfxi †e`bv-iwOb kixi Ñ gnvwe‡k¦i nvmcvZv‡ji mvwi mvwi mv`v jvk †hb b‡o I‡V Zviv wcuc‡oi mvwi| ïuo †b‡o †b‡o Lye wbtk‡ã K_v ewj Avi Mvb MvB Avwg B_v‡ii †XD _i_i Kuv‡c inm¨Rv‡j; †P‡q †`wL KZ wcuc‡oi mvwi Kv‡jv †gN Zviv AvKv‡ki Av‡j; LÐ LÐ wefvRb ïay ¯^‡cœi Rv‡j| A`„k¨Ávb ¯^‡cœi Av‡jv b~‡ii wefvq Kuv‡c Qvqvc_ wcuc‡oRb¥ wcuc‡o n‡qwQ m„wóZË¡ bv ey‡S c‡owQ Zey Avkvev`x wSwiwSwi iv‡Z GKv †nu‡U Pwj| wcuc‡o n‡qwQ †Kv‡bv ÿwZ †bB Avw` †_‡K AvwQ; wKqvgZ ZK †_‡K hv‡ev Avwg †Lvjm e`j ïay Ñ Rxe‡bi mva Rxe‡bi myi me welfiv gay| 76

AviY¨K `yB Mv‡Qi duvK‡K ZzB eb e‡j Rvwbm| †Zvi Pvgovq Avwg †h-AuvKwPiv KvwU ZzB Zv‡K Avgvi KweZv e‡j Rvwbm| Ni ˆZwi Kivi Av‡M `iRvq †f‡O cowQjvg| ¯^‡cœi g‡a¨ Agb AšÍN©vZ _v‡KB| †auvqvi g‡a¨ A‡Pbv Lei‡K bZzb g‡b nq| †Kv_vq †mB k~b¨¯’vb †hLv‡b e‡m Avwg †Zv‡K g‡bi K_v eje| wb‡R‡K aviv‡jv Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Avwg wK Gevi cÖ¯Íihy‡Mi Kzo–j n‡ev bv wK \

Gfv‡eB Avwg wgB‡q †h‡Z PvB mv‡R`yj AvDqvj AvMvgx Avwk¦‡b Avgv‡K †iv‡c wÌ Avgb Pvivi mv‡_ Ñ MÖvg Qvov IB c‡_i av‡ii †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Z| †e‡o DV‡Z wÌ myiæ‡Ri Auv‡P; av‡bi kx‡li WMvq R‡g _vKv wkwki gvL‡Z wÌ Mv‡q| gvSiv‡Z ïb‡Z wÌ †eZSv‡oi Icvi †_‡K †f‡m Avmv †Kvb Kv‡j g‡R hvIqv Kv‡jv wKlvwbi KÉ¯î| ïuK‡Z wÌ ˆM-†Miv‡gi Mv‡qi †Nivb; †`L‡Z wÌ NyNy‡ì avb LvIqvi cie| mycK¡ avb¨gÄwii g‡Zv by‡q co‡Z PvB GB gvwU‡Z Avwg; g‡i hvIqv K‡eKvi K…l‡Ki Kv`vgvLv cv‡q ivL‡Z PvB nvZ Ñ †ÿ‡Zi Av‡j e‡m †L‡Z PvB cvšÍv †cvov gwiP Avi jeY w`‡q Iu‡ì mv‡_| wQwU‡q w`‡Z PvB ivZ-we‡i‡Zi Nywg‡q _vKv †ÿ‡Z cyi‡bv KvM‡Ri g‡Zv jvj‡P n‡q hvIqv bv-†gUv B‡”Q¸‡jv Avgvi| AZtci †K‡U wb‡q hvK kZ eQi Av‡MKvi †Kv‡bv GK K…l‡Ki Kv‡¯Í, AuvwU †eu‡a wb‡q †djyK †Mvei †jcv †Mi‡¯Íi DVv‡b; gvovB‡k‡l VuvB †nvK KuvPv euv‡ki ˆZwi †Mvjvq Ñ Gfv‡eB Avwg wgB‡q †h‡Z PvB †Zvgv‡ì kni †_‡K|

Mvbfiv Avb‡›ì wfwU †mwjg gvngy` KvUQuvU, †Q‡o †Ìqv cÖZxK, Dcgvq, Ñ wX‡jXvjv †cvkv‡Ki Avei‡Y †Kv‡bv kã a‡i †i‡L KweZvi †Kv‡bv wUDwbs dK© cvKv‡bv hvq wK bv! evMv‡bi dz‡ji im c¨v‡KwRs K‡i gayi mv‡_ gayi wgkÖ‡Y KweZvi Abyl½ evov‡bv hw` hvq †i‡L w`jvg Pov evQvB‡q Cl`yò myL! cv c‡o bv cyivY cybiæ×v‡i cvB Lyu‡R, cQ‡›ì wccvmvi wQwc Ñ Av‡iv, Av‡iv PvB, †hb Avgv‡ì _v‡K ejfiv, Mvbfiv Avb‡›ì wfwU! 77

Awfmvi PÂj kvnwiqvi Ab¨ Rxe‡bi Mí †kvbv‡e e‡jB †U‡b wb‡q G‡j GZ`~i| GZ`~i G‡m Avwg †Zvgvi Pz‡ji NªvY wbB| wbB †Zvgvi Av`y‡i nvwmi wSwjK| Zzwg Zey Mí ¸Qv‡Z ¸Qv‡Z Avgvi nvZUv a‡i bvovPvov K‡iv| Mí †kvbv‡Z †Zvgvi †Kej †`wi n‡q hvq| Avwg PK‡jU, PzBsMvg, eKzj dz‡ji gvjv, AvBmwµg, i¨vwWmb eøy †nv‡U‡j Kwd LvIqvi mÜ¨v, mxZvKzÐ cvnv‡oi gvqvex `ycyi †Zvgv‡K Dcnvi w`‡q w`B| w`‡q w`B nygvq~b Avn‡g‡`i Avgvi Av‡Q Rj| †Zvgvi Rgv‡bv Ab¨ Rxe‡bi Mí Avgvi †kvbv nq bv| Zzwg e‡jv, †`wi n‡q hv‡”Q| evwo hv‡ev| Zzwg e‡jv, GKw`b ki‡Zi †fvi‡ejv †`Lv K‡iv K…ò| ZLb bv nq ...| †g‡q, Zzwg wb‡RB GKUv wgwó Mí| GB Mí GKw`b g‡Â co‡ev| Zzwg †mw`b †e¸wb i‡Oi kvwo c‡i G‡mv|

k‡ãi k~b¨Zvq myRb nvRvix A±vwfI cv‡Ri †giæ‡iLvq bvixiv wfbœgvÎvi Kzmy‡g †cjweZ †mŠ›`‡h© aªæc`x el©vi Siv e„wócvZ wgR©v Mvwj‡ei MRj †iIqv‡Ri myi Abyf‡e Mfxi wPwbgvLv Z¡‡Ki iæwU Pzj Zvi Suv‡Ki Dovwj †gŠgvwQ kix‡i RjvOzj †Quvqvq Aeb VvKz‡ii A¼bkvjv ü`‡q we`xY© mvZKvnb Dò Av`‡ii DËv‡c †gv‡gi gwg AvZ¥xqZvi Avov‡j Akixix k‡ã kvk¦Z KweZv mylgvq jwjZKjv k~b¨N‡i k‡ãi ga¨gvq k~b¨Zvq Kwei fvebv A`„‡k¨ nvivq KweZvivwb Qjbvgqx| 78

dz‡ji Avqy Kwig †iRv dz‡ji Avqy, †Kv_vq Zvi Rxeb iƒc auvwa‡q nVvr Sj‡m hvq, `xN©Rxex, K¬vwšÍ hvi f‚lY AÜKv‡i †Kv_vq c_ nvivq! mevB †Luv‡R iƒcjveY¨ MÜ AÜKv‡i eÜ me `yqvi Auvavi-Av‡jvi cÖK…Z GB Ø›Ø dz‡ji KuvUvq gb †f‡O‡Q Kvi! dz‡ji e‡b mvc Xz‡K‡Q Kvj cvcwo D‡o we‡li hš¿Yvq dzj Kvwgbx `sk‡b gvZvj iƒcjve‡Y¨ c„_¡x cy‡o QvB|

†Mvcb my‡ii mvZ †KvwU `xN©k¦vm Aw_i PµeZx© Avwg PzwoAjv n‡q GB Pzwo, GB Pzwo e‡j WvK‡Z WvK‡Z †Zvgvi evwoi mvg‡b w`‡qB †MwQ KZw`b| Zzwg wPb‡Z cv‡ivwb| †f‡eQ Pzwo †e‡PB Avgvi iæwU-†ivRMvi| Avwg hZ eo wPËAjv ZZ eo weËAjv bB| N‡i GKUv †mvbvi K‡qbI Rgv‡Z cvwiwb| Pzwo hZB iwOb †nvK GKRb PzwoAjvi Rxeb iwOb nq bv KL‡bv| w`b‡k‡l †m-Pzwoi g‡ZvB GKUv †MvjvKvi wbt¯^ N‡i Xz‡K wM‡q †Luv‡R wms‡ni †Kk‡ii g‡Zv nvZ| Avwg dzj-we‡µZv n‡q †Zvgvi cvk w`‡qB dzj dzj e‡j †W‡K †MwQ KZw`b! wKš‘ me †`‡L g‡b n‡jv Kv‡Qi dz‡j †Zvgvi †Kv‡bv AvMÖn †bB| Zzwg eû`~‡i ZvwK‡q Ab¨ GK mg‡qi dzj LyuRQ! Avi Avwg dzj-we‡µZvi Rxe‡b Xz‡K Ab¨ GK Rxe‡bi mÜvb †c‡q †MwQ ... bv-†ePv dzj Avi dzj-we‡µZv AÜKvi Mwj w`‡q nVvr eø¨vK‡nv‡ji †fZi P‡j hvq! Avwg evewi Pz‡ji euvwkAjv n‡q euvwk evRv‡Z evRv‡Z R‡ov K‡iwQ eû‡jv‡Ki g‡Zv †Zvgv‡KI| Zzwg Avgv‡K †mªd euvwkAjv Qvov Avi wKQy fve‡ZB cv‡ivwb| wKš‘ Avwg GZw`‡b euvwkAjvi Rxe‡b Xz‡K †MwQ cvKvcvwK, euvwki AvUwU wQ`ª †_‡K †ewi‡q hvq †ivR Avgvi †Mvcb my‡ii mvZ †KvwU `xN©k¦vm| 79

fvwO APjvqZb mvw`qv bvwRe G‡mv Avgiv wKQy cv_i fvwO fvwO APjvqZb ùvovB hy‡Mi mwÜ¶‡Y| Rxe‡bi ZiKvwi‡Z ¯^vèa©K byb wQwU‡q cwi‡ekb †Zv Kg n‡jv bv| Gevi bv-nq GKUz Ab¨fv‡e LvB wb‡R‡K cwi‡ekb bv K‡i G‡mv cwi‡ek evbvB| A‡bK †Zv n‡jv cy®úe›`bv Gevi bv-nq cy®úe‡bi AvMvQv mvd Kwi gvwi wKQy welai| evû‡Z i¾yi g‡Zv Szwj‡q ivwL †MvLiv wKsev †KD‡U| Avgiv †Zv cÖvPxb Pvwl Pvlevm-†ÿZLvgvwii Avw`g i³ wb‡q KZ Avi nvZ cvZv A‡bï `yqv‡i? gvwUi Lye AZ‡j †Zv bq Avgv‡ì fvZ-Kvco! P‡jv wbôveZx, P‡jv iƒcKzgvix, ivRKb¨v kvej nv‡Z wQu‡oLyu‡o k¥kvbgvwU †_‡K Zz‡j wb‡q Avwm fwel¨r! G‡mv wbf©‡q, G‡mv `„ß c`‡¶‡c ivwRqvi Z‡jvqvi Kuvwc‡q! G‡mv j²xevC, Avgvi nvZ a‡iv Avgv‡ì nvZ a‡iv| Avgiv wKQy cv_i fvwO fvwO APjvqZb ùvovB hy‡Mi mwÜ¶‡Y| 80

GB XvKvq †ivKmvbv ¸jkvb cvewjK n‡q †MwQ AvR †KvôKvwVb¨gq UªvwdK R¨v‡gi G-kn‡i| Afv‡eiv n‡q †M‡Q cyi‡bv wc‡Pi cÖ‡j‡c| nvB‡WªvwjK Zzj¨ nb© Avi Kswµ‡U Rgv `xN©k¦vm, †Quvq bv AvKvk| iwOb evwZi wb‡P gy‡Lv‡kiv †b‡f-R¡‡j| m‡i-hvIqv c~wY©gvq cvq bv cÖKvk Abyf‚wZ †Kv‡bv| iƒp K_vi _y_y wQwU‡q †h Mwjc_ †Luv‡R, Zvi mv‡_ nuvwU bv Av¯’vq `L‡ji dzUcv‡Z| ay‡jv-†auvqvq Rgv wecbœ meyR K‡i ïay K¬všÍ| DcPv‡bv Wv÷we‡bi fvix evZvm Av‡b bv Avi g‡bvc~Y© mgq| cvewjK n‡q AvwQ †KvwU gy‡Li K¨vbfvm, GB XvKvq|

Abyev` KweZv

AjsKiY : me¨mvPx nvRiv

wbKviv¸qvi Kwe iæ‡eb `vwiIi KweZv fvevbyev` : gCbym myjZvb

Kwe-cwiwPwZ : Kwe iæ‡eb `vwiIi Rb¥ 1867 mv‡ji 18 Rvbyqvwi wbKviv¸qvi †gUvcv kn‡i| †ckvMZfv‡e Kwe wKQyKvj hy³ wQ‡jb mvsevw`KZvi m‡½| K‚UbxwZK wn‡m‡eI KvR K‡i‡Qb wKQyw`b| wn¯ú¨vwbK Av‡gwiKvi Kve¨mvwn‡Z¨ Ebwesk kZvãxi †klv‡a© ÔgWvwb©R‡gvÕ ev ÔAvaywbKvqbÕ Av‡›`vj‡bi wZwb wQ‡jb cy‡ivav cyiæl| KweZvq Q›`, gvÎv I evK&cÖwZgvi AvaywbKvq‡b Zuv‡K cw_K…r we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q _v‡K| wn¯ú¨vwbK Kve¨Kjvq wZwb m„Rb K‡i‡Qb m¤ú~Y© ¯^Zš¿ ixwZ, hv Avw½K I welqe¯‘i wbwi‡L ˆZwi K‡i‡Q bZzb GK Uª¨vwWkb| †Pv‡Ïv eQi eq‡m iæ‡eb `vwiI KweZv wjL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib Ges ÔevjK KweÕ Awfavq cwiwPZ n‡q I‡Vb| welqe¯‘ wn‡m‡e Zuvi KweZvq Rxebfi wd‡i wd‡i Av‡m fv‡jvevmv, welYœZv, exiZ¡ I AwfhvbwcÖqZv| ïiæ †_‡KB KweZvq Zuvi KÉ¯^i wQj AvšÍwiK, wbR¯^ Ges Kíbvi wPÎgq m¤ú‡` ficyi| 1886 mv‡j ågYcÖqvmx Kwe wbKviv¸qv Z¨vM K‡i mdi K‡ib Gj mvjfv`i, †Kv÷vwiKv cÖf…wZ †`k| AZtci wPwj‡Z wKQyw`‡bi Rb¨ w_Zz n‡j cÖKvwkZ nq Mí, KweZv I ¯‹¨v‡Pi mgev‡q wbwg©Z MÖš’ AvRyj ev bxj| wn¯ú¨vwbK KweZvi fvl¨Kviiv cy¯ÍKwU‡K jvwZb Av‡gwiKvi mvwn‡Z¨ beZi evZ©v enbKvix wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i _v‡Kb| BD‡ivcxq Kve¨-wbg©v‡Yi

Pjgvb avivqI eBwU cÖfve †d‡j| 1893 mv‡j Kwe Kjw¤^qv miKv‡ii Zi‡d K‚UbxwZK wn‡m‡e Kg©iZ nb Av‡R©w›Ubvq| Zuvi cieZx© D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KvR n‡”Q Ñ 1896 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ †cÖvmvm †cÖvdvbvm B AZim †cv‡qgvm ev Avkvjxb Mv_v I Ab¨vb¨ KweZv| G-MÖ‡š’i Awfe¨w³‡Z wZwb divwm †KZvi cÖZxKev‡`i ms‡hvRb K‡i mvwnZ¨-mgv‡jvPK‡`i cÖksmv AR©b K‡ib| 1898 mv‡j Kwe iæ‡eb `vwiI Av‡R©w›Ubvi msev`cÎ jv bvwmI‡bi cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e BD‡ivc hvb, Ges w_Zz nb g~jZ c¨vwi‡m| Zuvi KweZvi †h-msKjb‡K gv÷viwcm we‡ePbv Kiv nq, Zv n‡”Q 1905 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ KvbZm †` wf`v B GmcvivbRv ev Rxeb I Avkvi msMxZ| 1914 mv‡j cÖ_g gnvhy‡×i cÖv°v‡j Kwe Amy¯’ I `viæYfv‡e `wi`ªve¯’vq P‡j Av‡mb hy³iv‡óª| cieZx©Kv‡j wZwb m¤§vbxi wewbg‡q e³…Zv`v‡bi D‡`¨vM †bb| AZtci Kwe wbDBqK© kn‡i wbD‡gvwbqvq AvµvšÍ n‡j Amy¯’ †`‡n wd‡i hvb Rb¥f‚wg wbKviv¸qvq| †mLvbKvi †jIb kn‡i 1916 mv‡ji 6 †deªæqvwi Zuvi g„Zz¨ nq| GLv‡b Kwei wbe©vwPZ K‡qKwU KweZvi fvevbyev` Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv| wKQy AvcvZ-AcwiwPZ k‡ãi Abyev`KK…Z UxKv hy³ n‡jv| KweZv¸‡jvi Z_¨m~Î I‡qemvBU|

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mvi‡fb‡Z‡mi Rb¨ msMxZ Avgvi wbtm½Zvq weayi w`b¸‡jv‡Z Avgvi `yt‡Li `n‡b `» w`b¸‡jv‡Z mvi‡fb‡Zm wQ‡jb mwZ¨Kv‡ii wek¦vmx eÜz Zuvi D`viZv wQj Acvi, g‡b nq, AvR wZwb Qvov Avi wKQy mZ¨ bq whwb Avgv‡K `vb Ki‡Zb bxieZvi gnvN©¨ Dcnvi; Zuvi D`vi ¯^fve I AmvaviY PwiÎ ga¨hy‡Mi ex‡i›`ª †Kkixi g‡Zv Awfhv‡bi †cÖlYvq wQj wewPÎ, Avgvi ¯^cœ wQj DÏvg Avgv‡K cwi‡q w`‡Zb †mvbvwj GK wk‡ivf‚lY, Avgvi AvwObvq †e‡o DVZ ivRKxq cvg, wQ‡jb wZwb `xN©k¦vm cÖv_©bv I Avb‡›`i mgvnvi, K_v ej‡j Ñ †hb cÖevwnZ n‡Zv GKwU cÖmªeY †PZbv n‡Zv wbf©vi; G ex‡i›`ª †Kkix wQ‡jb †Kgb †hb A‡eMcÖeY I AvgwqK wQ‡jb `yt‡Li †nvgvb‡j R¡jv fv‡jvevmvi RxqšÍ cÖZxK, fv‡M¨i bxjbKkvq Kxfv‡e Zuv‡K aviY K‡i Av‡Q G-wek¦, g„Zz¨nxb `yt‡Li mvqi †_‡K Pqb Ki‡Zb Abvwej Avb›` nvm‡Z nvm‡Z wewj‡q w`‡q m¤ú` KL‡bv n‡Zb bv wbt¯^| * ¯ú¨vwbk Kwe, bvU¨Kvi I †jLK mvi‡fb‡U‡mi (1547-1616) cy‡iv bvg mvi‡fb‡Zm mv‡f`ªv| 1605 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ Wb wK‡nv‡Z Dcb¨vm iPbv K‡i mvi‡fb‡Zm hk¯^x nb|

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we‡ePbv‡ZB Amvgvb¨ GK iPbv| mvZ eQ‡ii K¨vij L¨vwZnxb wkíx Gwgwj‡K wkÿK wn‡m‡e †c‡qwQ‡jb 1916 mv‡j| c‡ii AvovB `kK a‡i Gwgwj-K¨vij m¤úK© wQj gvZv-cyÎxi g‡Zv| Gwgwji g„Zz¨i GK `kK c‡i K¨vij KvQ-†_‡K-†`Lv Gwgwji K_v wj‡L‡Qb GB MÖ‡š’| ggZvgqx GK wkíxi e¨w³MZ †eva Ges RxebvPi‡Yi Ag~j¨ GK `wjj K¨vi‡ji GB eB| 1954 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ MÖš’wUi bZzb GKwU ms¯‹iY G‡m‡Q 2016 mv‡j| 2000 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj cyi¯‹vicÖvß Kwe †KBU †eªB‡Wi (Rb¥ 1947) RxebxMÖš’ Gwgwj Kvi : wi‡ej AvwU©÷| G-cÖm‡½ ¯§iY Ki‡Z PvB, RxebxMÖš’wU cÖKv‡ki Av‡M K¨vj‡Mwii GB Kwe A™¢zZ GK MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib| 1998 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ †m-MÖš’wUi bvg wQj BbIqvW© Uz `¨ †evbm : RwR©qv IÕwKdmÕm Rvwb© DB_ Gwgwj Kvi| †m-MÖ‡š’i 51 AskwUi K‡qKwU cO&w³ Ggb : She is poor. I see now why She paints with house paints and brown paper. She is a landlady, taxed To the limits of a temper as short as mine By the trivia of house guests.

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c„ôvi GK bv›`wbK cÖKvkbv cvV‡Ki mvg‡b Dc¯’vcb K‡i| Z‡e KvbvWvi bvixwkíx‡ì mvgwMÖK wePvi‡K eyS‡Z G. †K. cÖKv‡ki BbwW‡c‡Û›U w¯úwiU : Avwj© KvbvwWqvb DB‡gb AvwU©÷m GKwU g~jëvb ms‡hvRb| Wwim k¨vWeë-iwPZ Gwgwj Kvi (1990) MÖš’wUI gnvb GB wkíx‡K eyS‡Z g~jëvb mnvqK| cÖ_g eB wK¬ IqvK †_‡KB Gwgwji eB‡qi cÖ”Q` wb‡Ri AuvKv Qwe w`‡q Kiv| cÖ”Q‡` †jL‡Ki bv‡g Gwgwji wb‡Ri Kiv nidI eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| eB nv‡Z wb‡ZB †evSv hvq GwUi †jL‡Ki ¯^vZš¿¨| avivevwnKfv‡e GB auv‡Pi MÖš’-cÖ”Q` Ab¨ †Kv‡bv †jL‡Ki †ÿ‡ÎI Lye †ewk mnRjf¨ bq| eB¸‡jv †hb A‡bKUv wmwiR MÖ‡š’i g‡Zv| `¨ KgwcøU ivBwUsm Ae Gwgwj Kvi MÖ‡š’i 1993 ms¯‹i‡Y wK¬ IqvK eB‡qi GKwU f‚wgKv Av‡Q| f‚wgKvwU wj‡LwQ‡jb Biv wWjIqv_©| iPbvKvj gyw`ªZ n‡q‡Q 1951| cuwPk eQi Av‡M wkíx Gwgwji m‡½ cÖ_g mvÿv‡Zi cÖm½ D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb Biv| ïiæi Aby‡”Q‡ì evK¨wU Ggb : ÔMY

(c„ 20) Ggb `y¨wZgq K_v Qwo‡q Av‡Q cÖ_g `ywU e³…Zvi jvB‡b jvB‡b| wØZxq e³…Zvq GKmgq wkíx e‡jb, ÔIn preparing

notes for this talk I discovered something that I was unaware of. I should not be giving the talk at all because I am only a worker, and workers should work and talkers should talk, and both had best stick to their own jobs and avoid getting mixed up.Õ (c„ 33)

wkíxi gb‡b †h-†PZbv, †h-`„pZv †mwUi Ici Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i ivLvi Rb¨ Gwgwji e³…Zvi cÖm½wU Av‡jvPbv K‡i ivLjvg| Gwgwj Kv‡ii iPbv¸‡jv Lye †ewk AvZ¥‰RewbK| Pjvi c‡_i gvbyl¸‡jv‡K, wcÖq cÖvYx¸‡jv‡K, fv‡jvevmvi MvQcvjv‡K wb‡qB wZwb iPbv K‡i‡Qb G‡Ki ci GK MÖš’| cÖ_g MÖš’ †_‡KB cvVK Gwgwji GB avivi m‡½ cwiwPZ n‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| AvcvZfv‡e

EARLIEST VIVID memories of Emily Carr go back to a period considerably more than a quarter of a century ago, to a time when she was living in Victoria, British Columbia, still largely unnoticed as an artist and, by most of those who did know her in that capacity, unappreciated or treated with ridicule and even hostility.Õ (c„ 17)

†h-mg‡qi K_v GB Aby‡”Q‡` ejv n‡q‡Q ZLb wKš‘ wkíx Gwgwj cÂv‡ki †KvVv cvi K‡i †d‡j‡Qb| GKzkwU M‡íi †h-msKjb †jLK wn‡m‡e ZZw`‡b wecyjfv‡e bw›`Z GB wkíx‡K †`‡ki †kÖô mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹viwU G‡b w`‡qwQj Zvi cÖwZwU‡ZB KvbvWvi cwðg-ZxieZx© AÂ‡ji dv÷© †bk‡bi gvbyl I Zv‡ì Rxeb wfo K‡i Av‡Q| ïay m~wPc‡Îi w`‡K ZvKv‡jI ¯úó nq Gwgwji cÖ_g eB‡qi welqvewj| †h-Rxeb‡K wZwb KvQ †_‡K †`‡LwQ‡jb, †h-Rxe‡bi m‡½ wg‡k wQj Zuvi mËvi cy‡ivUv, †mB Rxeb‡KB cÖ_‡g wk‡í, c‡i mvwn‡Zï welq K‡i †bb Gwgwj| 1972 mv‡j Gwgwj-msµvšÍ GKwU AbïKg eB cÖKvwkZ nq| eBwUi wk‡ivbvg wQj †d«k wmBs : Uz A¨v‡Wª‡mm evB Gwgwj Kvi| Gwgwj-we‡klÁ Wwim m¨vWeë Rvwb‡q‡Qb, msKwjZ `ywU Awffvl‡Yi cÖ_gwU n‡jv 1930 mv‡ji 4 gvP© †Ìqv| c‡iiwU 1935 mv‡ji| Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB lv‡Ui †KvVv †cwi‡q Gwgwj cÖ_g †Kv‡bv AvbyôvwbK e³…Zv w`‡”Qb| †m-e³…Zvi cÖm½ GRb¨ UvbwQ †h, wkíxi †h `v‡X©ï ewntcÖKvk †mwU wKš‘ wÎ‡ki `k‡KB ¯úó| wZwb ej‡jb : ÔI hate like poison to talk. Artists talk in paints - words do not come easily.Õ

(c„ 7) wk‡íi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv, Kv‡Ri cÖwZ wbôv, wkí I KvR wb‡q wPšÍvi ¯úóZvi R‡b¨ Gwgwj eû cÖRb¥ a‡i ¯§wiZ n‡eb| wZwb GK ch©v‡q e‡jb, ÔIt is not my own pictures I am pleading for. They are before you to like or to dislike as you please. That is immaterial. For the joy of the artist is in the creating, the making of his pictures.Õ

Gwgwj Kv‡ii g„Zz¨i mvZ `kK ci Zuvi AuvKv Qwe `¨ †µwR †÷qvim wewµ n‡q‡Q cÖvq mv‡o wZb wgwjqb Wjv‡i

†m-MÖ‡š’i Mí¸‡jv‡K KvíwbK Kvwnwb g‡b n‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ †jL‡Ki Rxe‡bi m‡½ †m¸‡jvi ms‡hvM `„p nIqvq A‡b‡KB cÖ_g MÖš’wU‡K ÔRxebK_vÕ wn‡m‡e wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb| Rxe‡b †`Lv K_v‡K †jLvi welq Kivi †ÿ‡Î Gwgwji Zzj¨ †jLK †gjv fvi| fvi G-Kvi‡Y †h, ïay ïiæiwU bq, G‡Ki ci GK mKj MÖ‡š’B Gwgwj Avm‡j ÔRxebK_vÕB wj‡L‡Qb| Gwgwj Kv‡ii mZZv Ges wØavnxbZv GB †h-wZwb †hgbwU Zuvi wPÎKjvq K‡iwQ‡jb Ñ A_©vr Avwèvmx Rxeb‡K wPÎvqY Ñ †jLv‡jwL‡ZI wZwb †mLvb †_‡K mvgvbÏ m‡ibwb| cÖ_g MÖ‡š’i †h-wk‡ivbvg wK¬ IqvK, †hwU Avgv‡ì fvlvq A_© †`‡e ÔnvmïZÕ, †mB bvgKi‡Yi †ÿ‡ÎI wZwb AcÖwZ‡iva¨ wQ‡jb| wKš‘ IB †h wbR †Pv‡L †`Lv Rxe‡bi Qwe AuvK‡jb Gwgwj †m¸‡jv‡Z GZ †ewk ü`‡qi ¯úk© wQj, †m¸‡jv GZ †ewk RxebNwbô wQj Ges †m¸‡jvi fvlv I Dc¯’vcbvq wZwb GZ †ewk `ÿZvi cwiPq w`‡jb †h, cÖ_g eB †_‡KB wkíx Gwgwj Kvi n‡q DV‡jb RbwcÖq †jwLKv| Zuvi †m-RbwcÖqZv g„Zzï mvZ `kK c‡i G‡m †e‡o‡Q eB K‡gwb| GB †h ¯^Ztù‚Z© ÔjvBd-†¯‹PÕ iPbv †mwU wKš‘ Gwgwj Kv‡ii Rxe‡b Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB G‡Ki ci GK| eyK Ae ¯§j, `¨ nvDm Ae Aj mU©m, †MÖvBs †cBbm, `¨ nvU© Ae A¨v wcKK Ñ meKwU wKš‘ GKB auv‡Pi iPbv| gv‡S wfbœZv G‡bwQj cR MÖš’wU| †Kbbv, †mwUi cÖ_g ms¯‹i‡Y c„ôvi ci c„ôv AjsKi‡Y fiv wQj| KgwcøU ivBwUsm Ae Gwgwj Kv‡i hwÌ AuvKv¸‡jv AšÍfz©³ nqwb| †gvUvgywU GK nvRvi c„ôv Ry‡o Gwgwji GB †¯‹P-iPbv| †mLv‡b †Rvi K‡i M‡íi †Lvjm †Ìqvi †Póv †bB| Dc¯’vc‡bi fw½‡ZB i‡q‡Q Abb¨ GK mijZv| wKš‘ mij †m-K_vfw½i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q M‡íi Av‡ek| Avi †m-Kvi‡YB Gwgwj Kv‡ii iPbv cvVK‡K AvKl©Y K‡i, gy» K‡i, Ges cwimgvwß‡Z cvVK‡K F× K‡i| wkíx Gwgwji g„Zzï `yB `kK ci cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj Zuvi w`bwjwci cÖ_g ms¯‹iY| nvb‡WªWm A¨vÛ _vDR¨vÛm wk‡ivbv‡gi †m-MÖ‡š’i Dcwk‡ivbvg wQj Ô`¨ Rvb©vjm Ae Gwgwj KviÕ| cÖvq mv‡o Pvi‡kv c„ôvi †m-Rvb©v‡j Avgiv †c‡qwQ 1927 mvj †_‡K 1941 mvj ch©šÍ mgq‡K| web¨¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q †gvU 14wU fv‡M| AvMÖnx cvV‡Ki wbðqB g‡b Av‡Q 1927 mvj n‡jv †mB gv‡n›`ª-eQi hLb †L‡U-LvIqv, `vwi`ª¨wK¬ó GK bvix, wkícÖvY GK bvixmËvi ¯^xK…wZ RyU‡Q| A”Qyr GK wkíKgx© n‡q DV‡Qb cwÎKvi wk‡ivbvg| `vwi`ª¨‡K whwb we`vq Rvbv‡”Qb dzj I gvj¨ nv‡Z| wkíx I †jLK Gwgwj Kv‡ii Rxe‡bi IB AwfNvZ¸‡jv eyS‡Z †m-mg‡q iwPZ w`bwjwcwU fxlY cÖ‡qvRbxq GK DcvË| 2003 mv‡j `¨ Avb‡bvb Rvb©vjm Ae Gwgwj Kvi A¨vÛ Av`vi ivBwUsm cÖKvwkZ nq| MÖš’wU‡Z Gwgwji †jLv Wv‡qwii AcÖKvwkZ wKQz Ask i‡q‡Q| i‡q‡Q †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wKQy `wjjcÎI| Ô†jKPvi Ab †Uv‡UgÕ wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU `xN© e³…Zvi mÜvb i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b| 2007 mv‡j bZzb Av‡iv GKwU MÖš’ cÖKvwkZ nq| A¨vb wj myBURvi-m¤úvw`Z †m-MÖ‡š’i bvg w`m A¨vÛ `¨vU : `¨ j÷ †÷vwiR Ae Gwgwj Kvi| †m-MÖ‡š’i f‚wgKv cvi n‡q g~j As‡k XzK‡j GKwU bZzb PgK cvV‡Ki `„wó‡Z co‡e| †jLv i‡q‡Q : Ôw`m A¨vÛ `¨vU : Ai `¨ wiqvj Ônvb‡WªWm A¨vÛ _vDR¨vÛmÕ| g~j nvb‡WªWm A¨vÛ _vDR¨vÛm w`bwjwc‡Z Avgiv †`‡LwQjvg mb-ZvwiL µg Abyhvqx †jLv¸‡jv‡K mvRv‡bv| w`m A¨vÛ `¨v‡U †`L‡Z cvw”Q bZzb bZzb wk‡ivbv‡g

i‡q‡Q †jLv¸‡jv| G-MÖ‡š’i f‚wgKvq Gwgwj wj‡L‡Qb : ÔThere is no sequence to my Hundreds and ThousandsÕ (c„ 10) wkíx wn‡m‡e Gwgwj Kv‡ii cÖPvi AvR wek¦Ry‡o| wZwb GLb GK wKse`wšÍ‡Z cwiYZ| 2011 mv‡j wf‡±vwiqvi iqvj wgDwRqvg †_‡K GKwU Avjv`v ai‡bi eB cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj †hwU wQj Gwgwji 1910 mv‡ji gb‡bi ewntcÖKvk| wm÷vi A¨vÛ AvB wk‡ivbv‡gi †m-eBwU Avm‡j GKwU G·vimvBR eyK| 92 c„ôvi †mB eBwU Gwgwj evwb‡qwQ‡jb †ev‡bi m‡½ Zuvi jÛbhvÎv‡K Qwe‡Z a‡i ivL‡Z| wb‡R Avb›` †c‡Z Ges mnhvÎx †evb‡K Avbw›`Z Ki‡Z Zuvi GB cÖqvm| G·vimvBR eB‡q †hfv‡e wQj †mfv‡eB c„ôv¸‡jv‡K ¯‹¨vb K‡i gy`ªY K‡i‡Q wf‡±vwiqvi iqvj wgDwRqvg| euvcv‡k ZvwiL w`‡q mvgvb¨ weeiY, Wvbcv‡k GKwU Qwe| Qwe¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †hb LvwbKUv †KŠZzK†gkv‡bv| †fZ‡i †fZ‡i GKRb wkíx n‡q-IVvi, GKRb †jLK n‡q-IVvi †h-cÖ¯‘wZ Gwgwji PjwQj †mUvi cÖvgvY¨ GK `wjj GB wm÷vi A¨vÛ AvB| eB‡qi f‚wgKvq K¨v_wib weªR Rvwb‡q‡Qb, cÖK…Zc‡ÿ 1907 mv‡j Ggb Av‡iKwU Ôdvwb eyKÕ Gwgwj ˆZwi K‡iwQ‡jb| wKš‘ Avgv‡ì `yf©vM¨ †m-G·vimvBR LvZvwU cieZx©Kv‡j Avi Luy‡R cvIqv hvqwb| Gwgwj Kvi KvbvWvi wkí-mvwnZ¨ RM‡Zi GK wKse`wšÍi bvg| KvbvWvi BwZnv‡m wkíPP©vq wb‡ew`Z bvix‡ì ZvwjKvq Gwgwji bvg me©v‡MÖ| wj½‡f` bv K‡iI †h-we‡ePbv, †mLv‡bI Gwgwj eû-D”Pvh© GKwU bvg| wkí-RM‡Z GZ L¨vwZgvb wØZxq gvbyl m¤¢eZ KvbvWvq Avgiv cvBwb, whwb †jLv‡jwLi RM‡Z Ggb g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y Ki‡Z mg_© n‡qwQ‡jb| Zuvi RbwcÖqZvi GB DËz‡½i Kvi‡YB f¨v¼zfv‡ii in‡m¨vcb¨v‡mi †jLK GwiK DBjm‡bi ÔwjR A‡÷bÕ inm¨ wmwi‡Ri GKwUi wk‡ivbvg n‡q I‡V `¨ Gwgwj Kvi wgw÷ª| wK‡kvi-e‡qwm‡ì Dchy³ GB inm¨-Dcb¨vmwU c‡b‡iv jvL Kwci †ewk wewµ n‡q‡Q †`‡L fv‡jv jv‡M| fv‡jv jvMvi KviY n‡jv, Dcb¨v‡mi inm¨wU †K›`ªxf‚Z n‡q‡Q Gwgwj Kv‡ii GKwU wkíKg© Pzwi hvIqv wb‡q| KvíwbK GK Ave‡n Dcb¨v‡mi PwiÎiv †mLv‡b K_v e‡j, wKš‘ Zv‡ì Avjv‡c GKmgq cÖm½ nq Gwgwji ˆ`b¨Rxeb, Rxe‡bi †K¬k BZ¨vw`| D”PvwiZ nq K…Zx GB wkíxi wkíK‡g©i bvg Ges cÖvmw½K welqvw`|

mnvqK MÖš’

1. Fresh Seeing : Two Addresses by Emily Carr, Clarke, Irwin & Company Ltd, Toronto, 1972.

2. The Complete Writings of Emily Carr, Doris Shadbold, Douglas & Mclntyre, Vancouver, 1993.

3. Opposite Contraries : The Unknown Journals

of Emily Carr & Other Writings, Emily Carr, Douglas & Mclntyre, Vancouver, 2003. 4. Emily Carr : As I knew Her, Carol Pearson, Touchwood Edition, Toronto, 2016. 5. Emily Carr : Rebel Artist, Kate Braid, XYZ Publishing, Montreal, 2000. 6. This and That : The Lost Stories of Emily Carr, edited by Ann-Lee Switzer, Ti-Jean Press, Victoria, 2007. 7. Sister and I : From Victoria to London, Emily Carr, Royal BC Museum, Victoria, 2011. r

avivevwnK Dcb¨vm

A¨v‡gwjqv wZ‡jvËgv gRyg`vi \ 14 \

The lunatic is in my head The lunatic is in my head You raise the blade, you make the change You rearrange me till I’m sane You lock the door And throw away the key And there’s someone in my head but it’s not me

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102

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103

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104

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evOvwj G‡Kev‡iB †bB| wgWI‡q÷ Av‡gwiKvi †eªW ev‡¯‹U Kb©wdì| †hvRbe¨vcx fzÆvi †¶‡Zi ga¨ w`‡q iv¯Ív P‡j †M‡Q, Zvi gv‡S gv‡S `y-GKUv †QvU †QvU kni| bigvj-eøywgsUb, wcIwiqv, Ave©vbv-k¨v‡¤úb, Av‡iv GKUz †fZ‡ii w`‡K Aveªvnvg wj¼‡bi ¯§„wZweRwoZ w¯úÖswdì Ñ Bwjbq iv‡Rï ivRavbx| wKš‘ †QvÆ kni| Av‡iv A‡bK `w¶‡Y, cÖvq wZb‡kv gvBj `w¶‡Y mv`vb© Bwjbq BDwbfvwm©wU UvDb Kve©b‡Wj| Bwjbq †÷U BDwbfvwm©wU ev AvBGmBD †_‡K mv`vb© Bwjbq BDwbfvwm©wU ev GmAvBBD P‡j wM‡qwQjvg GLvb †_‡K gv÷vm© wWwMÖ Kivi ci wcGBP.wW Kivi Rb¨| †m-Mí c‡i ejv hv‡e| Kx fqsKi kxZ GB †m›Uªvj Bwjb‡q! Pviw`‡K eid R‡g Av‡Q| wkKv‡Mvi `w¶‡Y mveve© UvDb jvBj| GKw`‡K jvBj, Avi GKw`‡K fviZxq-Aay¨wlZ gvSvwi gv‡ci kni †bcviwfj| ¸RivwU BwÛqvb‡ì emwZ Av‡gwiKvb‡ì gv‡S| jvBj ÿz`ª Rbc`| †mLv‡b wbR©b, wbwiwewj iv¯Ív b_© †K¬vfvi WªvB‡f wek¦`vi Ñ wek¦cÖmv` bv‡_i ev ¯’vbxq BwÛqvb‡ì g‡a¨ hvi wbK‡bg ee Av‡¼j Ñ Zvi GKZjv evwo| hLb hvB, `y-GKw`b †_‡K Avwm| wcIwiqv PvU©vi e‡j GKUv evm Qv‡o Avgv‡ì ¯‹z‡ji jvB‡eªwii mvg‡b †_‡K, †mB ev‡m P‡o `k Wjvi fvov w`‡q P‡j hvB| `y-NÈvi iv¯Ív| evm÷c †_‡K wek¦`v I‡ì bxji‡Oi weDBK Mvwo‡Z K‡i wb‡q hvq| †Kgb †hb GKUv ggZv-gvLv‡bv I‡ì †QvÆ evwoUv| evwoi †cQ‡b GKUz †Lvjv RvqMv, †mLv‡b GKUv weivU g¨vcj MvQ e¨vKBqv‡W©i wVK gvSLv‡b| †hb evwoi cÖnix| Pviw`‡K ei‡di †gvUv Pvì weQv‡bv| evwoi †fZ‡i ¸g¸g K‡i wnUvi Pjvi kã| kxZKv‡j mg¯Í ìRv-Rvbvjv eÜ| fxlY kxZ| ev_iæ‡gi †g‡S‡Z Kv‡c©U †bB| evOvwj‡ì ev_iæ‡g Kv‡c©U _v‡K bv| Avgiv Rj †dwj| gywQ| †mB GKUzLvwb Kv‡c©U Qvov nvjKv bxj is Kiv †gvRvBK RvqMvUvq cv co‡jB g‡b nq ei‡di GKUv PuvB‡qi Ic‡i †hb cv coj| Avi, Pviw`K me eÜ _vKvi Kvi‡Y †Kgb †hb GKUv MÜ| G MÜUv Avgv‡ì †`‡k †bB| KjKvZvq †bB| bigvj kn‡i cÖ_g cv w`‡qB G-MÜUv †c‡qwQ Avgv‡ì ÷z‡W›U A¨vcvU©‡g‡›Ui Ni¸‡jv‡Z| we‡kl K‡i †em‡g‡›U Ñ gvwUi wb‡Pi Zjvq| †mLv‡b m~‡h©i Av‡jv G‡Kev‡iB Av‡m bv| Kv‡c©U Avi Iqvj †ccvi †_‡K †Kgb †hb GKUv f¨vcmv ¸‡gvU MÜ †e‡ivq| Zvi m‡½ Kv‡c©U wK¬bv‡ii Zxeª †KwgK¨v‡ji MÜ| `g eÜ n‡q Av‡m| Avgiv evsjv †`‡ki †Lvjv nvIqvq gvbyl| GB `geÜ cwi‡ek †hb K‡q`Lvbvi g‡Zv| Avwg wbe©vwm‡Zi Rxeb hvcb Kwi| GK eQi Gfv‡e KvUj| mvivw`b K¬vm Kwi| mßv‡n `yw`b AvÛviMÖ¨vRy‡qU ÷z‡W›U‡ì j¨ve‡iUwii K¬vm wbB| evwo G‡m hv nq wKQy LvB| LvIqvi †Kv‡bv wVK †bB| cÖ_g †mwg÷v‡i cU¨v‡Uv wPcm w`‡q fvZ †LZvg| ivbœv Ki‡Z RvbZvg bv †Zv Kx Avi Lve? †`‡k Avgv‡ì g‡Zv d¨vwgwj‡Z †Q‡jiv KL‡bv ivbœvI Ki‡Z †k‡L bv, Avi Zv‡ì †Kv‡bv aviYvI †bB ivbœv Kxfv‡e nq| `y‡ejv Lvevi mg‡q jvÂ-wWbvi mvg‡b G‡m nvwRi nq Ñ Zv †m †gvMjvBLvbvB †nvK, bq‡Zv fvZ-Wvj-mewR-fZ©v| †Q‡jiv †KD KL‡bv Rvb‡ZI Pvq bv GB ivbœv¸‡jv †Kgb K‡i n‡jv| `y-PviRb e¨wZµg _vK‡Z cv‡i; wKš‘ GB n‡jv bg©, A_©vr mvaviY cÖ_v| myZivs, Avwg ivbœv Rvwb bv| †Kv‡bviK‡g fvZ iuva‡Z cvwi Ñ GB gvÎ| Avgv‡ì m‡½ _v‡K Zvwgj †Q‡j fiZ| eo‡jv‡Ki eLv‡U

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c‡_i cuvPvjx Pjw”P‡Îi GKwU `„k¨ Clansman| †jLK Dixon-Gi Aby‡iv‡a c‡i Qwei bvg cvjUv‡bv nq| †cŠ‡b wZb NÈv e¨vwßKv‡ji GB QwewU wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q GK nvRvi 375wU k‡U| A_©vr GK nvRvi 375wU wP‡Îi mgš^‡q cy‡iv QwewU wbwg©Z n‡q‡Q| G †hb ARmª dzj w`‡q GKwU m¤ú~Y© gvjv Muv_v| Pjw”P‡Î cÖwZwU kU †hb GKwU K‡i dzj, wKš‘ dzj¸‡jv wfbœ| †Kv‡bvwUi m‡½ †Kv‡bvwUi wgj _vK‡Z cv‡i, Avevi bvI _vK‡Z cv‡i| ZvB wewfbœ dz‡ji mgvnv‡i h_v_©fv‡e gvjvwU †Mu‡_ †ZvjvB GLv‡b Avmj| Pjw”P‡Î GwUB wPÎbvU¨| Pjw”PÎKvi wMÖwd‡_i GB Qwei wPÎbv‡U¨i GKwU Ask‡K Gfv‡e †`Lv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i : kU-1 Full Shot wjsK‡bi `jej| GK-GK K‡i Zviv w_‡qUv‡ii m‡e©v”P wmuwo‡Z I‡Vb Ges Ny‡i †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui Rb¨ we‡kl K‡ÿ cÖ‡ek K‡ib| wjsK‡bi †`niÿx‡K †`Lv hvq me©v‡MÖ Ges me©‡k‡l †cÖwm‡W›U wjsKb ¯^qs| kU-2 w_‡qUv‡ii Af¨šÍi †_‡K †bIqv †cÖwm‡W›U Kÿ| †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui mn‡hvMxiv K‡ÿ cÖ‡ek K‡ib| kU-3 Full Shot †cÖwm‡W›U wjsKb K‡ÿi evB‡i wb‡Ri Uzwc Ly‡j cwiPvj‡Ki nv‡Z w`‡jb| kU-4 †cÖwm‡W›U Kÿ| K‡ÿ wjsKb cÖ‡ek K‡ib| kU-5 Mid Shot †eÄvwgb Ges Gjwm AwWUwiqv‡g e‡m Av‡Qb| Zuviv †cÖwm‡W‡›Ui K‡ÿi w`‡K ZvKvb Ges D”Q¡wmZ nvZZvwj w`‡Z w`‡Z D‡V `uvovb| kU-6 AwWUwiqv‡gi w`K †_‡K| †cÖwm‡W›U

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Kÿ †d«‡gi Wvbw`‡K| `k©Kiv Back to Camera-G ùvov‡bv Ae¯’vq nvZZvwj w`‡q wjsKb‡K m¤¢vlY Rvbv‡”Qb| kU-7 †cÖwm‡W›U Kÿ| wjsKb Ges wg‡mm wjsKb mvg‡bi w`‡K by‡q `k©K‡ì Awfev`b MÖnY K‡ib| kU-8 kU 6-Gi Abyiƒc| kU-9 †cÖwm‡W›U Kÿ| Awfev`b MÖnY‡k‡l wjsKb Avmb MÖnY K‡ib| wb‡Ri †`‡ki w`‡K †PvL †divB| Avey Bmnv‡Ki Kvwnwb Aej¤^‡b Pjw”PÎKvi gwmnDwÏb kv‡Ki Ges †kL wbqvgZ Avjx wbg©vY K‡i‡Qb m~h©`xNj evox (1979)| miKvwi Aby`v‡b wbwg©Z mv`v-Kv‡jv GB Qwei ˆ`N©¨ ev‡iv nvRvi 387 dzU| bvbvfv‡e bw›`Z G-Qwei cÖ_g `„‡kï wPÎbvU¨ mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q Gfv‡e : kU-1 wØZxq wek¦hy× Insert of a Card-G Zz‡j aiv n‡jv| kU-2 wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i †cøb Do‡Q Ges †evgvel©Y Ki‡Q| wb‡P U¨v¼evwnbx GwM‡q hv‡”Q| kU-3 †MvWvD‡b ¯Í‚cxK…Z e¯Ív| eëmvqxiv Lv‡`ï `vg e„w×i Rb¨ Lv`¨km¨ Ab¨vqfv‡e gRy` K‡i †i‡L‡Q| kU-4 w÷j : Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi †cBw›Us| K. cÂv‡ki gš^šÍ‡ii weL¨vZ †¯‹Pmn Av‡iv `ywU †¯‹P|

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wbw`©ó ixwZ ev avivi AbymiY i‡q‡Q| GLv‡b wek„•Ljvi ¯’vb †bB| ZvB wek„•Ljvq wech©¯Í gvbyl‡K evievi cÖK…wZi Kv‡QB wd‡i †h‡Z ejv nq| cÖK…wZ kvwšÍ I ¯^w¯Íi Avavi| †hLv‡b k„•Ljv, †mLv‡bB kvwšÍ| †h‡nZz cÖK…wZi me©Î k„•Ljv weivRgvb, ZvB GKgvÎ cÖK…wZ‡ZB kvwšÍ| ïwPwmœ» cÖK…wZB wek¦PivPi‡K kvwšÍi cv‡V D¾xweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| dvwm© cÖev‡` ejv nq, ÔZ‡jvqvi w`‡q ivR¨ Rq Kiv hvq, wKš‘ msMxZ w`‡q kÎæ‡K eÜz Kiv hvq|Õ cvðv‡Z¨i Pjw”PÎ‡ev×vivI Pjw”P‡Î msMx‡Zi cÖ‡qvR‡bi K_v ¯^xKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Qb : Music in film can never be ignored discounted. Even when the audience is not consciously aware of it, and even when the music is so low as to seem almost inaudible. Not only is music among the most effective of film making tools, it is among the most flexible, at least when used to create and direct emotions and psychic states of being. Its appeal is non-rational so far as the film audience is concerned...

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117

n‡q‡Q eo cwim‡i| PgrKvi kU wWwfkb Mv‡bi Av‡e`b‡K Av‡iv evwo‡q w`‡q‡Q| evsjv Pjw”P‡Îi GB AmvaviY †gavex wbg©vZv mvwnZ¨PP©v Ges cÎcwÎKvq mvsevw`KZv w`‡q Zuvi Kg©Rxeb ïiæ K‡iwQ‡jb| Zuvi mvwnZ¨K‡g©i g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ñ m~h©MÖnY, †kl we‡K‡ji †g‡q, nvRvi eQi a‡i, Av‡iK dvêyb, eid Mjv b`x, Avi K‡Zv w`b, K‡qKwU g„Zz¨, Z…òv| Pjw”PÎ cwiPvjbvi cvkvcvwk cÖ‡hvRbvI K‡i‡Qb †ekwKQy mvov RvMv‡bv Qwe R¡j‡Z myiæR wK wb‡P (1971), Ry‡jLv (1968), msmvi (1968), my‡qvivbx `y‡qvivbx (1968), `yB fvB (1968), †kl ch©šÍ (1969), g‡bi gZ eD (1969)| A‡bK Avkv wb‡q ïiæ K‡iwQ‡jb wbixÿvagx© Pjw”PÎ †jU †`qvi we jvBU (1970) wbg©v‡Yi KvR| wKš‘ `yf©vM¨, bvbv cÖwZK‚jZvi AÜKv‡i XvKv c‡o †m-Qwe Avi †Kv‡bv w`bB Av‡jvi gyL †`‡Lwb| Qwei fvlv †h Qwe, †mRb¨ AwZwi³ kã ev msjvc cÖ‡qv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv, G-K_vi cÖgvY A‡bK Qwe‡ZB †g‡j| ¯§iY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i KvjRqx wbg©vZv FwZ¡KKzgvi NU‡Ki wZZvm GKwU b`xi bvg (1973) Qwei K_v| A‰ØZ gjøeg©‡Yi wZZvm GKwU b`xi bvg Dcb¨vm‡K †K›`ª K‡i QwewU wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q| g~jZ evsjv‡`‡ki wZZvm b`xcv‡oi Ae‡nwjZ †R‡j‡`i myL-`ytL wb‡qB G-Qwe| A‰ØZ gjøeg©Y Zuvi Dcb¨vm m¤ú‡K© wb‡RB e‡j‡Qb : wZZvm GKwU b`xi bvg| Zvi K‚j‡Rvov Rj, eyKfiv †XD, cÖvYfiv D”Q¡vm| ¯^‡cœi Q‡›` †m ewnqv hvq| †fv‡ii nvIqvq Zvi Z›`ªv fv‡½, w`‡bi m~h© Zv‡K ZvZvq, iv‡Zi

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†mŠ›`h© A‡bKvs‡k wbf©i K‡i Zvi wPÎvq‡Y| mZ¨wRr iv‡qi mv`v-Kv‡jv c‡_i cuvPvjx (1955) Qwe‡Z Kvke‡bi ga¨ w`‡q `yB wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix Acy I `yM©vi †Uªb †`Lvi Rb¨ Qy‡U hvIqvi `„k¨wUi K_v fvev †h‡Z cv‡i| mv`v Kvkeb Avi †Uª‡bi Kqjvi BwÄ‡bi Kv‡jv †auvqvq wg‡jwg‡k Aciƒc GK `„k¨cU| Gfv‡eB my›ì `„k¨ ms‡hvRbvi ga¨ w`‡q Pjw”P‡Îi †mŠ›`h© we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i| Pjw”P‡Îi †Kv‡bv `„‡kï kU Ges †d«g¸‡jv my›ì n‡jB †mB `„k¨wU my›ì nq| Z‡e G-K_vI wVK, †Kej fv‡jv wPÎvqY n‡jB GKwU Pjw”PÎ †mŠ›`h©gwÐZ Qwe nq bv, †mLv‡b †Kvb welqwU Kxfv‡e Zz‡j aiv n‡”Q †mwUB Avmj| GLv‡b `„k¨Kí wbg©vY‰kjxi GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`K| cÖqvZ Pjw”PÎKvi AvjgMxi Kwei Pjw”PÎ m¤ú‡K© cÖvqB ej‡Zb, ÔFilm is nothing but a make belief game|Õ A_©vr wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zvi hZ †ewk KvQvKvwQ hvIqv hv‡e, ZZB †mwU mdj Pjw”PÎ wbwg©Z n‡e| ZvB Awfbq †h Pjw”P‡Îi †mŠ›`‡h©i GKwU AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb, †m-K_v Avi bZzb K‡i ejvi A‡cÿv iv‡L bv| GKBfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Pjw”P‡Î `„k¨MZ wW‡Uj, m¤úv`bv BZ¨vw`| Pjw”PÎwcÖq `k©K‡ì wbðqB g‡b Av‡Q c‡_i cuvPvjxi †mB So-R‡ji ci Acy-`yM©v‡ì evwoi fvOv‡Pviv ivbœvNiwUi K_v| `„k¨MZ wW‡Uj wbg©vY Ki‡Z wM‡q †mLv‡b GKwU giv e¨v‡Oi Dcw¯’wZ †h KZ Riæwi n‡Z cv‡i, †mUv bv †`L‡j †evSv m¤¢e bq| GLv‡bI IB wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zvi K_v Ny‡iwd‡i Av‡m| Avevi m¤úv`bvi †Uwe‡j wfbœ wfbœ kU †Rvov w`‡q hLb `„k¨ wbg©vY Kiv nq, ZL‡bv Ômake belief gameÕ-Gi K_vUvB gv_vq _v‡K| Pjw”P‡Îi †mŠ›`h©-wePv‡i Gi cÖwZwU Dcv`vbB mgvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Pjw”PÎ †`Lv I †kvbvi GKwU hyMj gva¨g| †`Lvi Rb¨ B‡g‡Ri †mŠ›`‡h©i cvkvcvwk †kvbvi Rb¨ kã I myig~Q©bvi †mŠ›`h©I †ewk Riæwi| Pjw”P‡Îi aŸwb ev kãwU `k©K-†kÖvZv Kxfv‡e MÖnY Ki‡eb, †mwUI fvevi welq| k‡ãi g‡a¨ msjvc, ¯^vfvweK ¯î I myi-e¨Äbv †Kv‡bvwUi ¸iæZ¡B Kg bq| kÖæwZ hLb †kÖvZv I `k©‡Ki KY©Kzn‡i weiw³ Dcv`vb bv K‡i eis Avb›` RvMvq, †kÖvZv ZLbB nq‡Zv Avcb g‡b †M‡q I‡Vb : ÔZzwg †Kgb K‡i Mvb K‡iv †n ¸Yx,/ Avwg AevK& n‡q ïwb †Kej ïwbÕ ... Aek¨B Pjw”PÎ AevK n‡q †`Lv Ges †kvbvi GK Avðh© gva¨g| AevK GB A‡_© †h, `k©K Zvi Kíbv‡K Pjw”P‡Îi c`©vi m‡½ wgwj‡q fvebvi my‡hvM Lyu‡R cvb| KviY Pjw”PÎ †Zv ïay †`Lvi welq bq, Dc‡fvM Ges †mB m‡½ fvebvwPšÍviI welq e‡U|

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1. Pjw”P‡Îi fvlv, ev`j ingvb, evsjv GKv‡Wwg, 1985| 2. K¨v‡giv hLb ivB‡dj, evsjv‡`k Pjw”PÎ msm` wdj¥ ey‡jwU‡bi we‡kl msKjb, 21 †deªæqvwi 1980| 3. m~h©`xNj evox wPÎbvU¨, Pjw”PÎcÎ, evsjv‡`k Pjw”PÎ msm` wdj¥ ey‡jwUb, mßg el©, wØZxq msL¨v, †m‡Þ¤î 1981| 4. welq Pjw”PÎ, mZ¨wRr ivq, Avb›` cvewjkvm©, †m‡Þ¤î 1982| 5. †cÖÿvcU wek¦ Pjw”PÎ, m¤úv`K : gvneye Rvwgj, Abyózc Pjw”PÎ msm` wØZxq ch©vq, wW‡m¤î 1976| 6. wkí I wkíx, lô el©, wØZxq msL¨v, êkvL 1423| 7. Avwg Ges Pjw”PÎ, g„Yvj †mb, MÖš’cÖKvk, KjKvZv-12, wØZxq cwiewa©Z ms¯‹iY, kÖveY 1384| 8. The Work of the Film, Director by A. J. Reynertson, Focal Press London, 3rd Edition 1978. r

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121

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122

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KjKvZvi gvbyl fMev‡bi g‡Zv †`Lj| wba©b n‡jv abevb, wK‡b wbj mvgvwRK †KŠjxb¨| Ck¦‡ii g„Z‡`‡ni Ici `y‡M©vrme-Po‡Ki MÖvgxY ms¯‹w… Zi bZzb †ew` n‡q DVj †ewbqvi cqmvi Mig †`Lv‡bvi RvqMv| †i¯Ínxb ¸wj‡Lvi, †Mu‡Rj, gvZvjiv jvwV nv‡Z K‡i Kvbv †m‡R AvZ¥m¤§vb †e‡P eªvþY nIqvi dvq`v Zz‡j †nu‡K †Mj, ÔAÜ eªvþY‡K wKQy `vb Ki `vZvMYÕ GB hy‡MvwPZ wPÎgqZv û‡Zv‡g Avgiv †cjvg| Awek¦v‡mi GK mgvR wKfv‡e ÔAvaywbKÕ bvgwUi AveWv‡j mh‡Zœ wb‡R‡ì wØPvwiZv jywK‡q ivLZ, Zv‡KB e¨½ I Dcnv‡m û‡Zvg bMœ K‡i w`‡jb| wb‡RI Rwg`vi es‡ki mšÍvb nIqvq KvjxcÖmbœ GB mgvRwU m¤ú‡K© fv‡jvfv‡e AeMZ wQ‡jb| cvkvcvwk bZzb kn‡ii iv¯ÍvNv‡U Ny‡i †eov‡bv fvM¨v‡š^lx PwiÎ, av›`vevR, Ryqvwo, gvZvj, ¸wj‡Lv‡ii Rxebhvc‡bi m‡½ cwiwPZ wQ‡jb fv‡jvfv‡e| KjKvZvi Ôeø¨vK UvD‡bÕi bvbv cwi‡e‡ki bvMwiK Rxe‡b †Pbv PwiÎwU wZwb †`‡LwQ‡jb Ñ †jvK VKv‡bv| †ewbqv-gyrmywÏiv mv‡ne fwR‡q `y‡Uv cqmv Av`vq K‡i †bIqvi av›`vq, Zv‡ì †gvmv‡neiv Avevi GB nVvr cqmvIqvjv‡ì †_‡K jy‡U DcvR©b K‡i abx n‡q hvIqvi †Póvq e¨¯Í| Avi mgv‡Ri GK`g wb‡Pi wbgœeM© I wbgœweËiv Zv‡ì PvKie„wË K‡i euvPvi Dcvq †ei K‡iwQj| A_©vr †di †`Lv hv‡e †mB mvgšÍZvwš¿K A_©bxwZi wcivwg‡Wi KvVv‡gv| Avm‡j mevB †h VM, †KD KjKvZvq mr n‡q euvP‡Z cv‡i bv, GB M~p mZ¨wUB wb‡g©vnfv‡e Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb Ôû‡ZvgÕ ... LuvwU we`ªƒ‡ci Rb¨ †h ü`qv‡eMk~b¨Zv jv‡M, Zuvi AvqËvaxb wQj| mgvR‡K Zxÿè e¨‡½i KlvNv‡Z AvMvcvkZjv PveKv‡bv Avm‡j GKwU we¯ÍvwiZ AvZ© I †kÖwY mgv‡jvPbv| û‡Zvg †h mgKv‡jI G‡Z mv_©K n‡qwQ‡jb Zv †evSv hvq, hLb Zuv‡K D‡Ïk K‡i GB M‡`ï ÔKvD›Uv‡iÕ †jLv nq ÔAvcbvi gyL Avcwb †`LÕ| ejv P‡j Ôû‡Zvg cu¨vPvÕ †gŠPv‡K wVKfv‡eB wXjwU Qy‡owQ‡jb| Ab¨w`‡K, û‡Zv‡gi †jLvq †h-PjwZ KjKvËvBqv eywj D‡V G‡m‡Q, Zv‡Z Avkcv‡ki MÖvg-gd¯^j Rxe‡bi mgvR g~j¨‡ev‡ai Qvc ¯úó| ZvB ejv hvq, GB m`¨MwVZ ÔKKwbÕ Avm‡j mgKv‡ji PwiÎ I value of sphere-†K Zz‡j a‡i‡Q| mvejxj I mnR GB eywj, cwÐwZ eywji GK`gB wecÖZxc Ae¯’v‡bi| wcDwiUvb ew¼g GB fvlvq Lye cÖxZ nbwb I mvwn‡Zï fvlv wn‡m‡e G‡K ¯^xKvi K‡ibwb| wKš‘ iex›`ªbv_ GLv‡bB Dcjwä K‡i‡Qb, ÔAvgv‡ì gvZ…fvlv me©v‡½ e½gqx|Õ ZvB e¨½vZ¥K mgv‡jvPbvq mgvRwPÎ A¼b Ges fvlvi mvejxjZv, bKkv n‡q-IVvi †h Avw½KMZ ¸Y`ywU ìKvi Zv GLv‡b eZ©gvb| LuvwU e¨½ wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨B e¨½, mgvR ms¯‹v‡ii Rb¨ bq e‡jB Ôû‡ZvgÕ n‡Z †c‡i‡Qb Ôˆbe©¨w³KÕ, Ges Zuvi †Pv‡L I g~j¨‡ev‡ai wePv‡i mvgvwRK AmsMwZ †_‡K †KŠZzK n‡q †ewi‡q Avmv iPbvwU A‡bK †ewk ÔbKkvÕ n‡q D‡V‡Q|

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ivbx cÙveZx, aviYv Kiv nq wesk kZvãx‡Z BD‡ivcxq ai‡b wPÎwU Aw¼Z

cÙveZx PwiÎ : Kvwe¨KZv †_‡K bvwU¨KZvq iƒcvšÍi

dvnwg`v myjZvbv ZvbRx

jvIj mß`k kZ‡Ki evsjv mvwn‡Zï Ab¨Zg Kwe| cÙveZx AvjvI‡ji †kÖô iPbv| AvjvIj Zuvi cÙveZx iPbv K‡ib 1648 mv‡j| cÙveZx Kve¨wU †gŠwjK iPbv bq, Abyev`| g~j Kve¨wU AvIwa wnw›` fvlvq †jLv, gvwjK †gvnv¤§` Rvqmxi Ñ c`&gver| Abyev‡ì mgq †klvsk ev‡` AvjvIj c`&gver-Gi AwaKvsk L‡Ði †ewkifvM ¯ÍeKB wbôvi m‡½ AbymiY K‡i‡Qb| AvjvI‡ji cÙveZx Kv‡e¨ `ywU c„_K i‡mi cøU †`Lv hvq| cÖ_g c‡e© cÙveZx Kv‡e¨ wgjbvZ¥K mgvwß †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Kv‡eï wØZxq AskwU BwZnvm‡Kw›`ªK| GB As‡k Av‡Q exiZ¡ I hy×weMÖ‡ni D‡ËRbv| evOvwj Kwe AvjvIj wØZxq c‡e©i Uª¨vwRK cwiYwZ‡Z wKQz cwieZ©b G‡bwQ‡jb Ges

124

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