Bhs u (1)

Ëš )H

s

bhs-U

bhs-U 160622

\b1WS +m ,m +1a]W*bZ\ S4dh*bn S+WSpH

1Yd Z*a dhSb S+WSqH

Ëš )H

s

bhs-U

bhs-U 160622

\b1WS +m ,m +1a]W*bZ\ S4dh*bn S+WSpH

1Yd Z*a dhSb S+WSqH

1Yd Z*a dhSb S+WSqH '

Ë™ ËšË?

\b\B Ë› ab`*ZSg* 69B WHO photo by Edouard Boubat

Ë› ab`*ZSgm =:E =;B ,4`m,B Based on USAF photoC `1+1Z\VB Based on WHO photo by W. Cutting

1a]W*bZ\D 'b\ S4/*ZS1 P h*abn ,a1YS`Z\y +S+W1yaV\y ]`\a,1bSb1WnZ\y /1qb1WnZ\abSE V\b\`*q ]`\,\/Sbaq f`SabS*ZaVSYS ,S/1b1WqYS 1-\,m S ]\//1`3S,*1baq /\+`\,\WnZmYS ]\31`b,\,*ZSqYS ËšaWS ,m f\bSb1 a/1W*bn ]\31`b,\,*ZS1E ]\a1bSb1 a*yb www.jw.org/ru ËšaWS Z1 dV*4*Z\ SZ*h1E +S+W1yaVS1 gSb*bm ,4qbm S4 w ,qk1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSq P 1`1,\/* Z\,\-\ YS`*x What Can the Bible Teach Us?

4/*ZS1B SpZn 6>5: -\/* Russian (bhs-U) ˘ 2015 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

˛˙ ˚ & 5 Druck und Verlag: Wachtturm Bibel- und Traktat-Gesellschaft, Selters/Ts. Made in Germany /1W*Z\ , 1`Y*ZSS

˙˚ ˝ ˚

b\ \- ]`S-\b\,SW /Wq Wp/1yH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 7 5D b\ b*V\y \-H 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 < 6D S+WSq P VZS-* \b \-* 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5= 7D b\ \- f\h1b a/1W*bn /Wq Wp/1yH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 6= 8D b\ b*V\y Sada `Sab\aH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8> 9D mVd] P g1ZZmy ]\/*`\V \b \-* 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 96 :D b\ ]`\Saf\/Sb a h1W\,1V\Y ]\aW1 aY1`bSH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 :6 ;D b\ , S+WSS -\,\`Sbaq \ ,\aV`1a1ZSSH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 ;5 <D b\ b*V\1 *`ab,\ \-*H 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 <7 =D b\ +d/1b a obSY YS`\YH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 =8 5>D `*,/* \+ *Z-1W*f S /1Y\Z*f 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5>9 55D \h1Yd , YS`1 b*V YZ\-\ 4W*H 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 55: 56D *V ab*bn /`d-\Y \-*H 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 568 57D 1ZSb1 /*` 3S4ZS 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 579 58D b\ Zd3Z\ /Wq a1Y1yZ\-\ ah*abnq 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 589 59D *V ]`*,SWnZ\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-dH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 598 5:D \VW\Zqyb1an \-d b*VE V*V 1Yd d-\/Z\ 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5:8 5;D *V Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaq \-dH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5;8 5<D b\ 4Z*hSb ]\a,qbSbnaq \-d S V`1abSbnaqH 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5<9 5=D 1`1-Sb1 /`d3+d a 1-\,\y 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5=; `SW\31ZS1 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 6>;

Ë&#x2122; ) (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢H Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122; ) 4* ]W\fSYS Z\,\abqYS /*O W1V\ f\/Sbn Z1 Z*/\B /\ab*b\hZ\ ,4qbn Wp+dp -*41bdE ,VWphSbn b1W1O ,S4\` SWS ]\aWdj*bn `*/S\D YS`1 b*V YZ\-\ ]`1abd]Z\abSE ,\yZ S b1`O `\`S4Y*I `\Y1 b\-\E d V*3/\-\ S4 Z*a a,\S WShZm1 ]`\+W1YmD b\Ob\

ab`*/*1b S4O4* a1`n14Zmf +\W14Z1yE d V\-\Ob\ dY1`WS +WS4VS1D

Ë&#x203A;*/dY*yb1anB

Ë&#x2021; \h1b WS \-E hb\+m q SWS Y\q a1Ynq ab`*/*WSH Ë&#x2021; *V YZ1 a]`*,Sbnaq a\ a,\SYS ]`\+W1Y*YSH Ë&#x2021; d/1b WS V\-/*OZS+d/n YS` Z* 41YW1H b,1bm Z* obS ,\]`\am 1abn , S+WSSD

8

)E

Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x203A;Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; & %Ë&#x161; Ë&#x203A; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; ) p/S +\Wnj1 Z1 +d/db +\W1bnE ab*`1bn S dYS`*bn L bV`\,1ZS1 65B8M

w `\Y\y +d/1b aV*V*bnE V*V \W1Znx L a*Sq 79B:M

w *aV`\pbaq -W*4* aW1]mfx L a*Sq 79B9M

Y1`jS1 +d/db aZ\,* 3Sbn L \*ZZ* 9B6<E 6=M

SVb\ Z1 +d/1b +\W1bn L a*Sq 77B68M

,a1f +d/1b YZ\-\ ]SkS L a*W\Y ;6B5:M

:

Ë&#x161; )H

# Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; %

1 a]1jSb1 /1W*bn ,mO

,\/E hb\ ,a1E \ h1Y -\O ,\`SW\an ,mj1EP ]`\ab\ Y1hb*D 1/n ob\ \+1k*O ZSq a*Y\-\ \-*E S , S+O WSS \+lqaZq1baqE V*VSY \+`*4\Y \Z Sf Sa]\WZSbD \ d31 a1yh*a S+WSq Y\31b ]\Y\hn ,*Y ,1abS ah*abWS,dp 3S4ZnD \4O Y\3Z\E ,m ]\/*,W1Zm S4O 4* eSZ*Za\,mf SWS a1O Y1yZmf b`d/Z\ab1yE ]`\O +W1Y a\ 4/\`\,n1Y SWS S4O4* aY1`bS V\-\Ob\ S4 `\/ZmfD S+WSq ]\Y\O 31b ,*Y a]`*,Sbnaq a obSYS ]`\+W1Y*YSD Z1y Y\3Z\ Z*ybS db1j1ZS1E ,1/n \Z* \b,1h*1b Z* YZ\-S1 ,*3Zm1 ,\]`\amE b*VS1 V*VB

Ë&#x2021; \h1Yd , YS`1 b*V YZ\-\ 4W* S ab`*/*ZSyH Ë&#x2021; *V a]`*,Sbnaq a ]`\+W1Y*YSH Ë&#x2021; b\ Zd3Z\ /Wq a1Y1yZ\-\ ah*abnqH Ë&#x2021; b\ ]`\Saf\/Sb a h1W\,1V\Y ]\aW1 aY1`bSH Ë&#x2021; Y\31Y WS Ym V\-/*OZS+d/n ,ab`1bSbnaq a dY1`jSYS +WS4VSYSH Ë&#x2021; \h1Yd Ym Y\31Y +mbn d,1`1ZmE hb\ \- Sa]\WZSb ,a1 a,\S \+1k*ZSqH

Ë&#x2122; ) (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢H

;

Ë&#x161;aWS ,m hSb*1b1 obd VZS-dE 4Z*hSbE ,m f\bSb1 d4Z*bnE h1Yd ,*a Y\31b Z*dhSbn S+WSqD ob\ ]\a\O

+S1 ]\Y\31b ,*YD Z1Y Sa]\Wn4\,*Z Y1b\/ \+dh1ZSq a ]\Y\knp ,\]`\a\, P b*V ,*Y +d/1b W1-h1 `*4\+`*bnO aq , +S+W1yaVSf dh1ZSqfD SWWS\Zm Wp/1yE V\b\`m1 S4dh*WS S+WSp a\ ,S/1b1WqYS 1-\,mE d+1/SWSanE hb\ ob\ f\`\jSy Y1b\/D m Z*/11YaqE hb\ ,*Y \Z b\O 31 ]\Z`*,SbaqD dabn \- +W*-\aW\,Sb ,*jS ab*`*ZSq d4Z*bnE h1Yd dhSb S+WSqI

Ë&#x203A; â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; ( "Ë&#x161; ) a\ab\Sb S4 :: VZS- S ]Sa1YD ZS `*4/1W1Zm Z* -W*,m S abSfSE hb\+m +mW\ W1-h1 Z*ybS Zd3Zmy \b`m,\VD \-/* , Z*O j1y VZS-1 ]`S,\/qbaq aamWVS Z* +S+W1yaVS1 abSfSE ]1`,*q gSe`* ]\aW1 Z*4,*ZSq dV*4m,*1b Z* -W*,d VZS-SE * gSe`m ]\aO W1 /,\1b\hSq P Z* abSfSD *]`SY1`E w6 SY\e1p 7B5:x \4Z*O h*1bE hb\ ob\b b1Vab Z*f\/Sbaq ,\ ,b\`\Y ]SanY1 SY\e1pE 7Oy -W*,1E 5:OY abSf1D b\ Y\3Z\ a/1W*bnE hb\+m Z*dhSbnaq ]\Wn4\,*bnaq S+WSO 1yH *f\/Sb1 , a,\1y S+WSS abSfSE V\b\`m1 ,ab`1h*pbaq , ob\Y ]\a\+SSD `\Y1 b\-\E ]\ab*`*yb1an hSb*bn S+WSp V*3O /my /1ZnD Ë&#x161;aWS hSb*bn ]\ b`S P ]qbn -W*, 131/Z1,Z\E Y\3Z\ ]`\hSb*bn ,ap S+WSp 4* -\/D

5

â&#x20AC;¢ H Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; Wp+qb 4*/*,*bn ,\]`\amD *]`SY1`E ,m SY \

h1YOb\ `*aaV*4*WSE * \ZS a]`*jS,*pbB w \h1YdHx m

]\ab*`*WSan \+lqaZSbnE Z\ \ZS ,a1 `*,Z\ a]`*jS,*O pbB w ]\h1YdHx

6 Ë&#x2122;*31 ,m`*ab*qE Ym Z1 ]1`1ab*1Y 4*/*,*bn ,\]`\O amD \]`\am +m,*pb a*Ym1 \+mhZm1B hb\ ]\1abnH b\

Z*/1bnH b\ Vd]SbnH WS +\W11 a1`n14Zm1B \ 3S4ZSE \

b\YE hb\ 3/1b Z*a , +d/dk1YD Ë&#x161;aWS Ym Z1 Z*f\/SY d+1O /Sb1WnZmf \b,1b\, Z* obS ,*3Zm1 ,\]`\amE h*k1 ,a1O

-\ Ym ,\\+k1 ]1`1ab*1Y Sf SaV*bnD 7

\31b WS S+WSq \b,1bSbn Z* ,*3Zm1 /Wq Z*a ,\O ]`\amH 1V\b\`m1 /dY*pbE hb\ Y\31bE Z\ \ZS ahSO b*pb S+WSp aWSjV\Y aW\3Z\y VZS-\yD \ Sf YZ1O ZSpE \b,1bm Y\-db 4Z*bn b\WnV\ a,qk1ZZSVS SWS b1E Vb\ ]\WdhSW a]1gS*WnZ\1 \+`*4\,*ZS1D Ë&#x2122;`d-S1 ]`\O ab\ ab1aZqpbaq a]`*jS,*bnE f\bq b\31 Z1 4Z*pb \bO ,1b\,D hb\ /dY*1b1 ,mH 8

\4Y\3Z\E ,m a]`*jS,*1b1 a1+qB w \h1Yd q 4/1anH b\ +d/1b a\ YZ\yE V\-/* q dY`dH b\ b*V\y \-Hx 1O WSVSy dhSb1Wn Sada `Sab\a aV*4*WB w `\/\W3*yb1 ]`\aSbn P S ,*Y +d/1b /*Z\E ]`\/\W3*yb1 SaV*bn P

S Z*y/1b1E ]`\/\W3*yb1 abdh*bn P S ,*Y \b,\`qbx 5E 6D *VS1 ,\]`\am ,\WZdpb Wp/1yH 7D \h1Yd YZ\-S1 ahSb*pbE hb\ Z*ybS \b,1bm Z* 3S4Z1ZZ\ ,*3Zm1 ,\O ]`\am Z1,\4Y\3Z\H 8E 9D *VS1 ,\]`\am SZb1`1adpb WShZ\ ,*aH \h1Yd ab\Sb SaV*bn Z* ZSf \b,1bmH

• H

=

L *be1q ;B;MD 1 a/*,*yb1anE ]\V* Z1 Z*y/1b1 \b,1bmE V\b\`m1 +m ,*a d+1/SWSI 9

*VS1 \b,1bm 1abn , S+WSSD w `\/\W3*yb1 SaO

V*bnxE S ,m Sf \+q4*b1WnZ\ Z*y/1b1 L `SbhS 6B5P9MD

\Zqbn Sf Z1 b`d/Z\D ˛Z*ZSq S4 S+WSS a/1W*pb ,*O jd 3S4Zn ah*abWS,11 S ]\/*`qb ]`1V`*aZdp Z*/13/d Z* +d/dk11D a1yh*a /*,*yb1 \+ad/SY ,\]`\aE V\b\O `my ,\WZd1b YZ\-Sf Wp/1yD

P ˝˚

•

( )# •H :

Z\-S1 ahSb*pbE hb\ \- Z1 Wp+Sb Wp/1yE ]\b\Yd hb\E 1aWS +m Wp+SWE YS` +mW +m a\,a1Y /`d-SYD /Z*O V\ YmE V a\3*W1ZSpE ,S/SY ,\yZmE 31ab\V\abn S -\`1D p/S +\W1pbE ab`*/*pb S dYS`*pbD \Z1hZ\E ,\4ZSO V*1b ,\]`\aB w˚aWS \- Z*a Wp+SbE b\ ]\h1Yd \Z Z1

\ab*Z\,Sb ,a1 ob\Hx ;

p/S /dY*pbE hb\ \- 31ab\VSyE ]\b\Yd hb\ aWmO j*b ob\ \b a,qk1ZZSV\,D \-/* aWdh*1baq Z1ah*abn1E a,qk1ZZSVS -\,\`qbE hb\ Z* b\ +mW* ,\Wq \-*E hb\ ob\ \Z b*V 4*f\b1WD \ adbSE \ZS 4*q,WqpbE hb\ ]`ShSO Z* ab`*/*ZSy P \-D /Z*V\ , S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ \- Z1 Y\31b +mbn Sab\hZSV\Y 4W*D *V\,* 5B57 aV*4*Z\B w Sa]mb*ZSS ]dabn ZSVb\ Z1 -\,\`SbB t 1Zq Sa]mbm,*1b \-rE ]\b\Yd hb\ \-* Z1,\4Y\3Z\ Sa]mO b*bn 4W\Y S \Z a*Y ZSV\-\ Z1 Sa]mbm,*1b 4W\YxD 'b\ \4Z*h*1bE hb\E f\bq \- S /\]daV*1bE hb\+m 4W\ +mO W\E a*Y \Z ZSV\-/* 1-\ Z1 /1W*1bD L `\hSb*yb1 \, 78B5>P56DM ˙*,*yb1 `*aaY\b`SY \/SZ ]`SY1`D :D \h1Yd Z1V\b\`m1 ahSb*pbE hb\ \- Z1 Wp+Sb Wp/1yH

;D *M \h1Yd 1k1 Wp/S ahSb*pb \-* 31ab\VSYH +M \h1Yd Y\3Z\ +mbn d,1`1ZZmYS , b\YE hb\ \- Z1 ]`ShSZq1b ab`*/*ZSqH

5>

Ë&#x161; )H <

`1/ab*,nb1 a1+1 Y\W\/\-\ h1W\,1V*E V\b\`my

3S,1b a `\/Sb1WqYSD b1g 1-\ \h1Zn Wp+Sb S ,

a,\1 ,`1Yq Z*dhSW 1-\ ]`SZSY*bn ]`*,SWnZm1 `1j1O ZSqD \ , V*V\yOb\ Y\Y1Zb ob\b Y\W\/\y h1W\,1V `1O j*1bE hb\ +\Wnj1 Z1 f\h1b aWdj*bnaq \bg*E S df\/Sb S4 /\Y*D Z Z*hSZ*1b 4*ZSY*bnaq ]W\fSYS /1W*YS S ]\]*/*1b , +1/dD b*Z1b1 WS ,m ,SZSbn , ob\Y \bg*E ,1/n \Z Z1 \ab*Z\,SW amZ*E V\-/* b\b df\/SW S4 /\O Y*H \Z1hZ\ Z1bI L dVS 59B55P57MD *V 31 S \- Z1 ab*W \ab*Z*,WS,*bn Wp/1yE V\-/* \ZS `1jSWS +\Wnj1 Z1 aWdj*bnaq 1-\ S ab*WS /1W*bn 4W\D \ob\YdE V\-/* aWdO h*1baq hb\Ob\ ]W\f\1E ]\YZSb1B \- , ob\Y Z1 ,SZ\,*bD mW\ +m Z1a]`*,1/WS,\ \+,SZqbn 1-\D =

\-* 1abn ,1aVS1 ]`ShSZmE ]\h1Yd \Z /\ aSf ]\` /\]daV*1bE hb\+m Z* 41YW1 b,\`SW\an 4W\D 55Oy -W*,1 ob\y VZS-S +d/1b ]\/`\+Z11 `*aaV*4m,*bnaq \+ ob\YD d/nb1 d,1`1ZmE hb\ \- Z*a Wp+Sb S hb\ \Z Z1 ,SZ\O ,1Z , Z*jSf ]`\+W1Y*fD * a*Y\Y /1W1 \Z 1/SZab,1ZO ZmyE Vb\ Y\31b Sf `1jSbn L a*Sq 77B6MD 5>

\- a,qb L a*Sq :B7MD a1 1-\ /1W* +14d]`1hZmD

\ob\Yd Ym Y\31Y /\,1`qbn 1YdD \ Wp/S Z1 b*VS1D

\`\y \ZS ]\abd]*pb \h1Zn ]W\f\D Ë&#x2122;*31 a*Ymy f\`\O

jSy ]`*,Sb1Wn Z1 aY\31b dab`*ZSbn ,a1 4W\E V\b\`\1 ]`ShSZSWS Wp/SD S d V\-\ S4 Wp/1y Z1b b*V\y aSWmE V*V*q 1abn d \-*D \WnV\ \Z dab`*ZSb ,a1 ]\aW1/abO ,Sq 4W*E a/1W*ZZ\-\ Wp/nYSE S Z*,a1-/* d/*WSb a*Y\ 4W\D L `\hSb*yb1 a*W\Y 7;B=P55DM <E =D \h1Yd Z1a]`*,1/WS,\ ,SZSbn \-* , Z*jSf ]`\+W1Y*fH `SO ,1/Sb1 ]`SY1`D

5>D \h1Yd Ym Y\31Y +mbn d,1`1ZmE hb\ \- dab`*ZSb ,a1 4W\H

â&#x20AC;¢ H

55

Ë&#x161; E Ë&#x2122;) Ë&#x2122; ) (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢ 55

b\ hd,ab,d1b \-E V\-/* ,S/SbE hb\ ]`\Saf\/Sb , YS`1H b\ \Z hd,ab,d1bE V\-/* ,S/Sb ,*jS WShZm1 ]`\+W1YmH S+WSq dhSbE hb\ \- wWp+Sb a]`*,1/WSO ,\abnx L a*W\Y 7;B6<MD Z Wp+Sb /\+`\ S Z1Z*,S/Sb 4W\D Z Z1 f\h1bE hb\+m Wp/S ab`*/*WSD S+WSS -\O

,\`SbaqE hb\ \- w]\hd,ab,\,*W +\Wn , a,\1Y a1`/g1xE V\-/* d,S/1WE V*V YS` Z*]\WZSWaq 4W\Y L mbS1 :B9E :MD

\- Z1 S4Y1ZSWaq L *W*fSq 7B:MD S+WSS aV*4*Z\E hb\ \Z 4*+\bSbaq \ Z*aD L `\hSb*yb1 5 1b`* 9B;DM 56

`\Y1 b\-\E , S+WSS aV*4*Z\E hb\ Ym a\4/*Zm ]\ \+`*4d \-* L mbS1 5B6:MD 'b\ \4Z*h*1bE hb\ \- a\O b,\`SW Z*a a b*VSYS 31 f\`\jSYS V*h1ab,*YSE V*VS1 1abn d Z1-\D *Y +\WnZ\E V\-/* Ym ,S/SYE V*V ab`*/*O pb Z1,SZZm1 Wp/SD b\ 31 b\-/* hd,ab,d1b \-E ,1/n 1-\ hd,ab,* Z*YZ\-\ aSWnZ11 Z*jSfHI 57

S+WSq dhSbE hb\ w \- 1abn Wp+\,nx L5 \*ZZ* 8B<MD

a1E hb\ \Z /1W*1bE \Z /1W*1b S4 Wp+,SD m dY11Y WpO +SbnE ]\b\Yd hb\ \- dY11b Wp+SbnD \/dY*yb1 ,\b \

h1YB 1aWS +m d ,*a +mW* ,\4Y\3Z\abn dab`*ZSbn ,a1 -\`1 S Z1a]`*,1/WS,\abn , YS`1E a/1W*WS +m ,m ob\H \Z1hZ\I 1/n ,m Wp+Sb1 Wp/1yD \-H \- Z1 b\WnV\ Wp+Sb Wp/1yE Z\ S \+W*/*1b /\ab*b\hZ\y aSW\yE hb\+m

dab`*ZSbn ,a1 -\`1 S Z1a]`*,1/WS,\abnD \ob\Yd +d/nO b1 d,1`1ZmE hb\ ,a1 \+1k*ZSq \-*E \ V\b\`mf -\,\O `Sbaq , Z*h*W1 ob\y VZS-SE \+q4*b1WnZ\ Sa]\WZqbaqI \E hb\+m ]\,1`Sbn , ob\E Zd3Z\ Wdhj1 d4Z*bn \-*D 55D b\ \- hd,ab,d1bE V\-/* ,S/Sb Z*jS ab`*/*ZSqH 56E 57D *M \h1Yd Ym a]\a\+Zm Wp+SbnE S hb\ Ym hd,ab,d1YE V\-/* /`d-S1 ab`*/*pbH +M \h1Yd Y\3Z\ Z1 a\YZ1,*bnaqE hb\ \- dab`*O

ZSb ,a1 -\`1 S Z1a]`*,1/WS,\abnH

56

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x161; E % % Ë&#x203A;

&

58

Ë&#x161;aWS ,m f\bSb1 a V1YOb\ ]\/`d3SbnaqE hb\ ,m

\+mhZ\ /1W*1b1 , a*Y\Y Z*h*W1H *4m,*1b1 a,\1 SYqD 1abn WS SYq d \-*H \ YZ\-Sf `1WS-Sqf 1-\ Z*4m,*O pb ]`\ab\ w \-x SWS w \a]\/nxE Z\ ob\ Z1 SY1Z*D

'b\ aW\,*E \]Sam,*pkS1 hn1Ob\ ]\W\31ZS1E b*VS1 31 V*V wg*`nx SWS w]`14S/1ZbxD \- aV*4*WE hb\ 1-\ SYq P w 1-\,*xD 'b\ SYq ,ab`1h*1baq , S+WSS bmaqhS `*4D

a*WY1 <7B5< -\,\`SbaqB w b\+m Wp/S 4Z*WSE hb\ bmE

hn1 SYq 1-\,*E bm \/SZ a1,mjZSy Z*/ ,a1y 41YW1yxD

1-\,* f\b1WE hb\+m Ym Z1 b\WnV\ 4Z*WS 1-\ SYqE Z\ S \+`*k*WSan V Z1Yd ]\ SY1ZSD

Ë&#x161;aWS Ym f\bSY Z Z*4,*W a,\1 SYqE hb\+m a V1YOb\ ]\/`d3SbnaqE ,m Y\-WS ab*bn 1-\ /`d-\YD b\ \+q4*b1WnZ\ Z*4m,*1Y

a,\1 SYqD \- b\31

Z*4,*W a,\1 SYqE S \Z\ 4*]Sa*Z\ , S+WSS

59 Yq w 1-\,*x SY11b -WdO +\VSy aYmaWD Z\ \4Z*h*O 1bE hb\ \- Y\31b Sa]\WZSbn

Wp+\1 a,\1 \+1k*ZS1 S \adO k1ab,Sbn ,a1 a,\S ]W*ZmD Ë&#x161;Yd ZSVb\ S ZShb\ Z1 aY\31b ]\Y1j*bnD 1-\,* P 1/SZO ab,1ZZmyE Vb\ /\ab\SZ Z\O aSbn ob\ SYq1D

1 Ë&#x161;aWS , ,*j1y S+WSS Z1 ,ab`1O h*1baq SYq w 1-\,*x SWS ,m f\b1O WS +m d4Z*bn +\Wnj1 \ 4Z*h1ZSS ob\-\ SY1ZS S \ b\YE V*V \Z\ ]`\O S4Z\aSbaqE hSb*yb1 SZe\`Y*gSp , `SW\31ZSS 5D

58D *V 4\,db \-* S ]\h1Yd Zd3Z\ Z*4m,*bn 1-\ ]\ SY1ZSH 59D b\ \4Z*h*1b SYq w 1-\,*xH

S+WSq dhSbE hb\ 1-\,* P ,\`1g

a1W1ZZ\yD Z a\4/*W ,a1 a Wp+\,np

â&#x20AC;¹ bV`\,1ZSS 59B7 -\,\`SbaqB w 1WSVS S hd/O Zm b,\S /1W*E 1-\,* \-E a1Y\-dkSyD `*,1/Zm S SabSZZm b,\S ]dbSE *`n ,1hZ\abSxD b\ \4Z*h*O 1b bSbdW w a1Y\-dkSyxH b\ ,\ a1W1ZZ\y Z1b ZSV\O -\ aSWnZ11E h1Y 1-\,*D hb\ \4Z*h*1b w *`n ,1hZ\O abSxH b\ d 1-\,m Z1b ZS Z*h*W*E ZS V\Zg* P \Z +mW ,a1-/*D a*WY1 =>B6 -\,\`SbaqE hb\ \Z P \- w\b ,1V* 5:

5:E 5;D b\ \4Z*h*pb bSbdWmB *M w a1Y\-dkSyxH +M w *`n ,1hZ\abSxH ,M w ,\`1gxH

58

˚ )H

S /\ ,1V*xE SWSE /`d-SYS aW\,*YSE hb\ \Z ,1h1ZD 'b* YmaWn ]`S,\/Sb , b`1]1bI 5; \WnV\ 1-\,d Y\3Z\ Z*4,*bn ,\`g\YD bV`\O ,1ZSS 8B55 Ym hSb*1YB w˙\ab\SZ bmE 1-\,*E Z*j \-E ]`SZqbn aW*,dE h1abn S aSWdE ]\b\Yd hb\ bm a\b,\`SW

,a1 S ,a1 ]\ b,\1y ,\W1 adk1ab,d1b S a\b,\`1Z\xD ZO

-1Wm Z* Z1+1E 4,14/m S ]W*Z1bmE /1`1,nq S g,1bmE `mO

+m S ]bSgm P ,a1 ob\ a\4/*W 1-\,*D

˛ ˝

& ˙

H 5<

1V\b\`m1E d4Z*, \ ]`1,\af\/Zmf V*h1ab,*f \O -*E Y\-db aV*4*bnB w \- b*V\y aSWnZmyE ,1WSVSy S \Z 5<D \h1Yd Z1V\b\`m1 Wp/S /dY*pbE hb\ /`d3Sbn a \-\Y Z1,\4Y\3O Z\H b\ S+WSq -\,\`Sb \ /`d3+1 a \-\YH

bgmE Z1a\YZ1ZZ\E \h1Zn Wp+qb a,\Sf /1b1yE Z\ Wp+\,n Z1+1aZ\-\ bg* aSWnZ11

â&#x20AC;¢ H

59

b*V /*W1V\D Ë&#x161;Yd Z1b /\ Y1Zq /1W*xD ZS +\qbaq /*31 ]\/dY*bnE hb\ a \-\Y Y\3Z\ `*4,S,*bn \bZ\j1ZSqD \ f\h1b WS \-E hb\+m Wp/S +\qWSan /`d3Sbn a ZSYH 1bD *\+\`\bE 1-\,* f\h1b +mbn `q/\YD S+WSq -\O ,\`SbE hb\ \- wZ1 /*W1V\ \b V*3/\-\ S4 Z*ax LË&#x2122;1qO ZSq 5;B6;MD \- f\h1bE hb\+m ,m ]`S+WS4SWSan V Z1YdD a,\p \h1`1/nE \Z \+1k*1bE hb\ w]`S+WS4Sbaq V ,*Yx L *V\,* 8B<MD 5=

*V ,m Y\31b1 ab*bn /`d-\Y \-*H Sada aV*4*WB w b\+m SY1bn ,1hZdp 3S4ZnE Z1\+f\/SY\ ]`S\+`1O b*bn 4Z*ZSq \ b1+1E 1/SZab,1ZZ\Y SabSZZ\Y \-1E S ]\aW*ZZ\Y b\+\y Sada1 `Sab1x L \*ZZ* 5;B7MD b\O +m ab*bn /`d-\Y \-*E Zd3Z\ ]`\/\W3*bn d4Z*,*bn \

Z1Y S \+ Sada1 `Sab1D *V Ym d31 -\,\`SWSE w \1abn Wp+\,nx L5 \*ZZ* 8B5:MD `\Y1 b\-\E d Z1-\ YZ\O -\ /`d-Sf ]`1V`*aZmf V*h1ab,D S+WSq a\\+k*1b Z*YE hb\ 1-\,* wYSW\a1`/Zmy S ,1WSV\/djZmyE Y1/W1ZO Zmy Z* -Z1, S Sa]\WZ1ZZmy Wp+qk1y /\+`\bm S SabSO Zmx L af\/ 78B:MD Z w/\+` S -\b\, ]`\k*bnx L a*W\Y <:B9MD \- b1`]1WS,my S ]`1/*ZZmy L6 1b`* 7B=C bO V`\,1ZS1 59B8MD Sb*q S+WSpE ,m d4Z*1b1 +\Wnj1 \ 1-\ ]`1,\af\/Zmf V*h1ab,*fD 6>

*V Y\3Z\ /`d3Sbn a \-\YE 1aWS 1-\ Z1Wn4q d,S/1bnH L \*ZZ* 5B5<C 8B68C 5 SY\e1p 5B5;MD Sb*yO b1 S+WSpE b*V ,m d4Z*1b1 1-\,d V*V WShZ\abn L a*O W\Y 6;B8C SYWqZ*Y 5B6>MD 1Y +\Wnj1 ,m +d/1b1 1-\ 5=D *M *V ,m Y\31b1 ab*bn /`d-\Y \-*H +M *VS1 V*h1ab,* 1-\,m Z`*,qbaq ,*Y +\Wnj1 ,a1-\H 6>P66D *M *V Y\3Z\ /`d3Sbn a \-\YE 1aWS 1-\ Z1Wn4q d,S/1bnH +M b\ /1W*bnE 1aWS Vb\Ob\ Z*hSZ*1b \b-\,*`S,*bn ,*a \b S4dh1ZSq S+WSSH

5:

Ë&#x161; )H

d4Z*,*bnE b1Y aSWnZ11 +d/1b1 Wp+SbnE S a\ ,`1Y1Z1Y ab*Z1b1 1-\ /`d-\YD

65 m ]\yY1b1E ]\h1Yd 1-\,d Y\3Z\ Z*4,*bn bO g\Y L *be1q :B=MD Z Z1 b\WnV\ ]\/*`SW Z*Y 3S4ZnE Z\ S f\b1WE hb\+m \Z* +mW* ah*abWS,\yD *4,1 Z1 ob\-\ 31W*1b Wp+\y Wp+qkSy \b1g /Wq a,\Sf /1b1yH L a*O W\Y 7:B=MD b*VE S+WSq dhSbE hb\ ab*bn /`d-\Y \O -* ,\4Y\3Z\ L *V\,* 6B67MD \WnV\ ]`1/ab*,nb1B 1-\O ,*E ,\`1g a1W1ZZ\yE f\h1bE hb\+m ,m +mWS 1-\ /`dO -\YI 66

1V\b\`m1 Wp/S Y\-db Z*h*bn \b-\,*`S,*bn ,*a \b S4dh1ZSq S+WSSD \4Y\3Z\E \ZS +\qbaqE hb\ ,m

dy/1b1 S4 a,\1y `1WS-SSD \ Z1 ]\4,\Wqyb1 SY ]\Y1O j*bn ,*Y ab*bn /`d-\Y 1-\,mD 1/n b*V ,m Y\31b1 ]\b1`qbn a*Y\-\ Wdhj1-\ /`d-*E V\b\`my b\WnV\ Y\O 31b +mbnD 67

\ ,`1Yq S4dh1ZSq S+WSS ,*Y hb\Ob\ Y\31b ]\V*4*bnaq Z1]\ZqbZmYD b\+m `*4\+`*bnaqE ]`\aSO b1 \ ]\Y\kS S 4*/*,*yb1 ,\]`\amD Sada -\,\`SWE hb\ Zd3Z\ +mbn V*V /1bSE b\ 1abn b*VSYS 31 aYS`1ZZmO YS L *be1q 5<B6P8MD Ë&#x2122;1bS Z1 ab1aZqpbaq 4*/*,*bn ,\O ]`\amD \- f\h1bE hb\+m ,m Z*f\/SWS \b,1bm Z* a,\S ,\]`\amD \ob\Yd ab*`*b1WnZ\ S4dh*yb1 S+WSpE b*V ,m d+1/Sb1anE hb\ +S+W1yaVS1 4Z*ZSq P ob\ SabSZ*D L `\hSb*yb1 Ë&#x2122;1qZSq 5;B55DM 68

dhjSy a]\a\+ d4Z*,*bn \+ 1-\,1 P ob\ S4dh*bn S+WSpD W1/dpk*q -W*,* `*aaV*31bE h1Y S+WSq \bO WSh*1baq \b Wp+\y /`d-\y VZS-SD 67E 68D *M \h1Yd Z1 ab\Sb ab1aZqbnaq 4*/*,*bn ,\]`\amH +M b\ Ym \+ad/SY , aW1/dpk1y -W*,1H

• H

w m a\b,\`SW ,a1x L bV`\,1ZS1 8B55MD

b\ , S+WSS -\,\`Sbaq \ \-1H

bV`\,1ZS1 59B7 \- P a1Y\-dkSyD 'b\ a*Y*q Y\-dk1ab,1ZZ*q WShZ\abn ,\ a1W1ZZ\yD a*W\Y =>B6 Z1-\ Z1b ZS Z*h*W*E ZS V\ZO g* P \Z +mW ,a1-/*D

*be1q :B= \- P Z*j b1gD Z f\h1bE hb\+m Ym +mWS ah*abWS,mD ˙1qZSq 5;B6; \- f\h1b +mbn `q/\Y a ,*YSD

˚ & )

w 1-\,*DDD 'b\ Y\1 SYq Z* ,1V*x L af\/ 7B59MD

\h1Yd \- f\h1bE hb\+m Ym 4Z*WS 1-\ SYqH a*W\Y <7B5< \- aV*4*WE hb\ 1-\ SYq P 1-\,*D w \-x S w \a]\/nx P ob\ Z1 SY1Z*D 'b\ aW\,*E \]SO

am,*pkS1 hn1Ob\ ]\W\31ZS1E b*VS1 31 V*V wg*`nx SWS w]`14S/1ZbxD 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m Ym \+`*k*WSan V Z1Yd ]\ SY1ZSD

af\/ 7B58 Yq w 1-\,*x \4Z*h*1b w\Z

/*1b ab*Z\,SbnaqxD \aV\WnVd

,a1 a\b,\`1Z\ 1-\,\yE \Z

Y\31b Sa]\WZSbn Wp+\1 a,\1 \+1k*ZS1 S \adk1ab,Sbn ,a1 a,\S ]W*ZmD

5<

Ë&#x161; (

w \- 1abn Wp+\,nx L5 \*ZZ* 8B<MD

h1Y ]`\q,Wq1baq Wp+\,n \-* V Z*YH

af\/ 78B:C a*W\Y 7;B6< Z YSW\a1`/Zmy S ,1WSV\O /djZmyD Z Wp+Sb h1abZ\abn S a]`*,1/WS,\abnD

a*W\Y <:B9 Z -\b\, ]`\k*bnD 6 1b`* 7B= Z ]`\q,Wq1b V Z*Y b1`]1ZS1D

bV`\,1ZS1 59B8 Z ]`1/*ZZmyD

Ë&#x203A;

) w a1 a,\S +1a]\V\yab,* ,\4W\3Sb1 Z* Z1-\E ]\b\Yd hb\ \Z 4*+\bSbaq \ ,*ax L5 1b`* 9B;MD

bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ Ym Z1+14`*4WShZm \-dH a*W\Y 7;B=P55 Z \+1k*1b ]\W\3Sbn V\Z1g 4Wd S dab`*ZSbn ,a1 1-\ ]\O aW1/ab,SqD

*V\,* 8B< 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m ,m ]`SO +WS4SWSan V Z1YdD

\*ZZ* 5;B7 1Y +\Wnj1 ,m +d/1b1 d4Z*O ,*bn \ \-1E b1Y aSWnZ11 ,m +d/1b1 1-\ Wp+SbnD

6

) P

Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122; & Ë&#x161;E hb\ ,*j /`d- /*`Sb ,*Y ]\/*`\VD \O Z1hZ\E ,*Y Z1 b1`]Sbaq ]\aV\`11 \bV`mbn 1-\D *Y \h1Zn ]`SqbZ\E ,1/n ,*j /`d- ]\/dY*W \ ,*aD 6

S+WSq P ob\ ]\/*`\V \b \-*D Z1y Z*]Sa*Z\ b\E

\ h1Y +\Wnj1 ZS-/1 Z1 ]`\hSb*1jnD *]`SY1`E , Z1y `*aaV*4m,*1baqE V*V \- a\b,\`SW Z1+\E 41YWp S WpO /1yD *V31 , Z1y a\/1`3*baq a\,1bmE V\b\`m1 Y\-db

]\Y\hn Z*Y , `1j1ZSS ]`\+W1YD `\Y1 b\-\E S4 Z11

Ym d4Z*1YE hb\ \-E V*V S \+1k*WE a/1W*1b 41YWp `*O 1YD S+WSp S , a*Y\Y /1W1 Y\3Z\ ahSb*bn ]`1V`*aO ZmY ]\/*`V\YI 7

4dh*q S+WSpE ,m d4Z*1b1E hb\ \- f\h1b /`dO

3Sbn WShZ\ a ,*YSD Ë&#x203A;Z*V\Yqan a ZSY ,a1 Wdhj1 S WdhO j1E ,m ab*Z1b1 +WS4VSYS /`d4nqYSD 8

S+WSq ]1`1,1/1Z* ]`SY1`Z\ Z* 6 <>> q4mV\,D

\ ,a1Y YS`1 Z*]1h*b*Zm YSWWS*`/m oV41Y]Wq`\, ob\y VZS-SD Sb*bn S+WSp Z* `\/Z\Y q4mV1 Y\-db +\W11 => ]`\g1Zb\, Wp/1yE 3S,dkSf Z* 41YW1D *3O /dp Z1/1Wp S+WSq ]\q,Wq1baq +\W11 h1Y d YSWO WS\Z* h1W\,1VD Ë&#x2122;1yab,Sb1WnZ\E /`d-\y b*V\y VZS-S Z1bI 9

5E 7D 8D 9D

S+WSq P VZS-* \b \-*E \Z* ,/\fZ\,W1Z* \-\YD

6D \h1Yd S+WSp Y\3Z\ Z*4,*bn ]`1V`*aZmY ]\/*`V\YH b\ ,m d4Z*1b1E S4dh*q S+WSpH *aV\WnV\ `*a]`\ab`*Z1Z* S+WSqH \h1Yd Y\3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ S+WSq ,/\fZ\,W1Z* \-\YH

6>

Ë&#x161; )H

w ,qk1ZZ\1 Sa*ZS1 P 1`1,\/ Z\,\-\ YS`*x S4/*Z\ Z* YZ\-Sf q4mV*f

L `\hSb*yb1 6 SY\e1p 7B5:DM \ Z1V\b\`m1 Y\-db aV*4*bnB w *V S+WSq Y\31b +mbn VZS-\y \b \-*E 1aO

WS 11 ]Sa*WS Wp/SHx b,1b 1abn , a*Y\y S+WSSB w p/S -\,\`SWS \b \-*E /,S3SYm1 a,qbmY /df\Yx

L6 1b`* 5B65MD `S,1/1Y ]`SY1`D *h*WnZSV ]\`dh*1b a1V`1b*`p Z*]Sa*bn ]SanY\ \b 1-\ SY1ZSD b\ +d/1b q,Wqbnaq *,b\`\Y ]SanY*H \Z1hZ\E Z*h*WnZSVE * Z1

a1V`1b*`nD \hZ\ b*V 31 S a S+WS1yB 11 *,b\` P \-E * Z1 Wp/SE V\b\`m1 ]`\ab\ 4*]Sa*WS 1-\ YmaWSD *V

V*V S+WSq ]Sa*W*an ]\/ `dV\,\/ab,\Y \-*E 11E +14 a\YZ1ZSqE Y\3Z\ ahSb*bn waW\,\Y \-*x L5 1aa*W\O ZSVSyg*Y 6B57C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 6MD

) P

65

˝ ˙ ˚ ) &

S+WSp ]Sa*WS +\W11 5 :>> W1bD 1E Vb\ 11 4*]SO am,*WE 3SWS , `*4Z\1 ,`1YqD 1V\b\`m1 S4 ZSf +mO WS \+`*4\,*ZZmYSB Z*]`SY1`E \/SZ S4 ]Sa*,jSf +mW ,`*h\YD b\Ob\ +mW 41YW1/1Wng1YE `m+*V\Y SWS ]*O abdf\YD `1/S ZSf +mWS ]`\`\VSE ad/nS S /*31 g*`SD \bq S+WSp ]Sa*WS `*4Zm1 Wp/SE , Z1y Z1b ]`\bSO

,\`1hSy1D ˚1 \+l1/SZq1b \/Z* \+k*q b1Y*D :

;

]1`,mf -W*,*f S+WSS `*aaV*4m,*1baq \ b\YE a h1-\ Z*h*WSan ,a1 ]`\+W1Ym Wp/1yE * , ]\aW1/ZSf P \ b\YE V*V \- Sf `1jSb S V*V ]`1,`*bSb 41YWp , `*yD Z1y 4*]Sa*Z* Sab\`Sq h1W\,1h1ab,*E \f,*bm,*pO

k*q Z1 \/Zd bmaqhd W1bD *V31 S4 Z11 Y\3Z\ d4Z*bnE hb\ \- ,a1-/* Sa]\WZq1b a,\S \+1k*ZSqD <

\bq S+WSq P ob\ Z1 Z*dhZmy b`d/ S Z1 jV\WnO

Zmy dh1+ZSVE V\-/* \Z* -\,\`Sb \ h1YOb\E hb\ a,q4*Z\ a Z*dV\yE \Z* ,a1-/* b\hZ*D *V `*4 ob\-\ Ym \3S/*1Y \b VZS-SE *,b\`\Y V\b\`\y q,Wq1baq \-D *]`SY1`E +W*-\/*`q dV*4*ZSqYE 4*]Sa*ZZmY , VZS-1 1,SbE S4O `*SWnbqZ1 Y\-WS ]`1/\b,`*bSbn `*a]`\ab`*Z1ZS1 +\W14Z1yD 'bS dV*4*ZSq +mWS 4*]Sa*Zm 4*/\W-\ /\ b\-\E V*V Wp/S d4Z*WSE hb\ +\W14ZS Y\-db ,m4m,*bnO aq +*Vb1`SqYS S ,S`da*YSD *V31 , S+WSS ]`*,SWnO Z\ \]Sam,*1baq ]\W\31ZS1 41YWS , ]`\ab`*Zab,1 P

, Z1y aV*4*Z\E hb\ 41YWq ,SaSb ZS Z* h1Y L \, 6:B;MD 1 1V\b\`m1 Wp/S -\,\`qbE hb\ , S+WSS 1abn ]`\bS,\`1hSqE Z\ ob\ Z1 b*VD Y\b`Sb1 ;Op -W*,d VZS-S w S+WSqB aW\,\ \-* SWS h1W\,1V*HxE S4/*ZZ\y ,S/1b1WqYS 1-\,mD

:E ;D b\ Y\3Z\ aV*4*bn \ a\/1`3*ZSS S+WSSH <D `S,1/Sb1 ]`SY1`mE V\b\`m1 ]\V*4m,*pbE hb\ S+WSq b\hZ* , Z*O dhZmf ,\]`\a*fD

66

Ë&#x161; )H

1k1B /*31 b\-/*E V\-/* +\WnjSZab,\ Wp/1y ,1`SW\E hb\ 41YWq ]W\aV*qE S+WSq -\,\`SW*E hb\ \Z* V`d-W*q L a*Sq 8>B66MD =

\-/* S+WSq -\,\`Sb \ V*VSfOb\ Sab\`Sh1aVSf a\+mbSqfE \Z* \]Sam,*1b Sf \h1Zn b\hZ\D *]`\O bS,E YZ\-S1 VZS-S ]\ Sab\`SS Z1 -\,\`qb ,a1y ]`*,O /mE ]\b\Yd hb\ Z1 ,a1 Sf *,b\`m h1abZmD *V ]`*,SO W\E Sab\`SVS dY*WhS,*pb \ ]\`*31ZSSE 1aWS , ,\yO Z1 ]`\S-`m,*1b Sf Z*`\/D \ b1E Vb\ ]Sa*W S+WSpE Z1 aV`m,*WSE hb\ 4`*SWn ]`\S-`m,*W , ,\yZ*fD \O W11 b\-\E \ZS h1abZ\ `*aaV*4m,*WS /*31 \ a,\Sf a\+O ab,1ZZmf \jS+V*fD *]`SY1`E \Sa1y ]`S4Z*Waq ,

b\YE hb\ a\,1`jSW a1`n14Zdp \jS+VdE S `*aaV*4*WE V*V \- Z*V*4*W 1-\ 4* ob\D + ob\Y Y\3Z\ ]`\hSO b*bn , VZS-1 SaW* L SaW* 6>B6P56MD 1abZ\abn ]Sa*O

b1W1y S+WSS ]\V*4m,*1bE hb\ 11 Z*]Sa*ZS1Y `dV\,\O /SW \-D 4Z*hSbE Ym Y\31Y 1y /\,1`qbnD

) P Ë&#x2122; % Ë&#x161;

a1 Sa*ZS1E SWS S+WSqE w,/\fZ\,W1Z\ \-\Y S ]\W14Z\ /Wq \+dh1ZSqE /Wq \+WSh1ZSqE /Wq Sa]`*,W1O ZSqE /Wq Z*ab*,W1ZSqx L6 SY\e1p 7B5:MD \h1Yd a\,1O bm S4 S+WSS Y\-db Z*Y ]\Y\hnH 1-\,* ]\ZSY*1b Z*jS YmaWS S hd,ab,*E ,1/n \Z Z*a a\4/*WD Z 4Z*O 1b Z*a Wdhj1E h1Y Ym a*YSE S f\h1bE hb\+m Ym +mWS ah*abWS,mD Z 4Z*1bE hb\ /Wq Z*a ]\W14Z\E * hb\ Z1bD 5>

55

Ë&#x161;,*Z-1WSS \b *be1qE -W*,*f a 9Oy ]\ ;OpE 4*]SO

=D h1Y -\,\`Sb h1abZ\abn ]Sa*b1W1y S+WSSH 5>D \h1Yd a\,1bm S4 S+WSS Y\-db Z*Y ]\Y\hnH 55E 56D *M *VS1 a\,1bm 4*]Sa*Zm , Ë&#x161;,*Z-1WSS \b *be1qE -W*,*f a

9Oy ]\ ;OpH +M b\ 1k1 Y\3Z\ d4Z*bn S4 S+WSSH

) P

67

a*Zm Yd/`m1 a\,1bm Sada*B \ b\YE V*V ab*bn ah*abO WS,mYE V*V a\f`*Zqbn a /`d-SYS f\`\jS1 \bZ\j1O ZSqE V*V Y\WSbnaqE V*V \bZ\aSbnaq V /1Zn-*YD \bq obS a\,1bm +mWS 4*]Sa*Zm \V\W\ 6 >>> W1b Z*4*/E \ZS

,a1 b*V 31 /1yab,1ZZmD 56

S+WSS b*V31 a\/1`3*baq ]`SZgS]mD Sf ]\O Y\knp 1-\,* dhSb Z*a 3Sbn , YS`1 a /`d-SYS Wp/nO YSE da1`/Z\ b`d/Sbnaq S dV`1]Wqbn a1Y1yZm1 d4mD

`SZgS]m S4 S+WSS Y\-db ]\Y\hn Wp+\Yd S4 Z*aE

Z14*,SaSY\ \b b\-\E Vb\ YmE -/1 Ym 3S,1Y S a V*VSO YS b`d/Z\abqYS ab*WVS,*1YaqD L `\hSb*yb1 a*SS 8<B5;C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 7DM

) P

Ë&#x161; 57

Z\-S1 S4 ]`\`\h1ab,E 4*]Sa*ZZmf , S+WSSE d31 Sa]\WZSWSanD *]`SY1`E ]`\`\V a*Sq ]`1/O aV*4*WE hb\ /`1,ZSy -\`\/ *,SW\Z +d/1b `*4`dj1Z L a*Sq 57B5=MD Z /*31 \]Sa*WE V*VSY \+`*4\Y ob\

]`\S4\y/1bD f\/ , -\`\/ 4*kSk*WS Y\kZm1 ,\`\b* S ]`\b1V*,j*q h1`14 -\`\/ `1V*D a*Sq ]`1/aV*4*WE hb\ `1V* +d/1b \adj1Z*E ,\`\b* \ab*Zdbaq Z14*]1`O bmYS S -\`\/ +d/1b 4*f,*h1Z +14 +\qD a*Sq /*31 Z*O 4,*W SYq b\-\E Vb\ 4*,\p1b *,SW\ZEP S`D L `\hSO b*yb1 a*SS 88B6;P89B6C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 8DM 58

1`14 6>> W1b ]\aW1 b\-\E V*V +mW\ 4*]Sa*Z\ ]`\O `\h1ab,\ \ *,SW\Z1E V ab1Z*Y ob\-\ -\`\/* ]\/abdO

]SW* ,`*31aV*q *`YSqD b\ 31 11 ,\4-W*,WqWH *V S ]`1/aV*4*W a*SqE ob\ +mW ]1`aS/aVSy g*`n S`D aO ]\WZSWSan WS \ab*WnZm1 ]\/`\+Z\abS ]`\`\h1ab,*H 57D b\ ]`1/aV*4*W ]`\`\V a*Sq \ *,SW\Z1H 58E 59D *V Sa]\WZSW\an ]`\`\h1ab,\ a*SSH

`\`\V a*Sq 4*]Sa*W , S+WSSE hb\ *,SW\Z +d/1b `*4`dj1Z

59

bd Z\hn ,*,SW\ZqZ1 dab`\SWS ]S`D ZS hd,O ab,\,*WS a1+q , +14\]*aZ\abSE ,1/n Sf -\`\/ 4*kSO k*WS Y\kZm1 ab1Zm S `1V*D 1Y ,`1Y1Z1Y 4* ab1Z*YS

-\`\/* S` a\ a,\1y *`YS1yE ,mV\]*, V*Z*WE \b,1W `1Vd , /`d-\1 Y1ab\D `\,1Zn ,\/m , `1V1 ]\ZS4SWaqE

S ]1`aS/aVS1 ,\SZm aY\-WS ]`\ybS 11 ]\ /ZdD \ V*V 31 ,\ybS , -\`\/H *V S a\\+k*W\an , ]`\`\h1ab,1E

) P

69

-\`\/aVS1 ,\`\b* \V*4*WSan \bV`mbmYSE b*V hb\ S` 4*f,*bSW *,SW\Z +14 +\qD 5:

\W11 b\-\E a*Sq ]`1/aV*4*WE hb\ *,SW\Z ZSO

V\-/* Z1 +d/1b 4*a1W1ZD Z Z*]Sa*WB w Z1Y d31 ZSV\-/* ZSVb\ Z1 ]\a1WSbaqx L a*Sq 57B6>MD a]\WZSO W\an WS ob\ ]`\`\h1ab,\H Ë&#x2122;*D * b\Y Y1ab1E -/1 V\-/*O b\ +mW *,SW\Z L, <> VSW\Y1b`*f V p-d \b *-/*/*E

`*VME /\ aSf ]\` \ab*pbaq \/ZS `dSZmD *Y ZSVb\

Z1 3S,1bD 1-\,* \+lq,SW h1`14 a*SpB w mY1bd 1-\ *,SW\Z Y1bW\y Sab`1+W1ZSqx L a*Sq 58B66E 67M1D 5;

Z\-S1 +S+W1yaVS1 ]`\`\h1ab,* d31 Sa]\WZSO WSanD 4Z*hSbE Sa]\WZSbaq S b\E hb\ S+WSq -\,\`Sb \ +d/dk1YD m Z1 a\YZ1,*1YaqE hb\ 1-\,* Sa]\WZSb 1 \Wnj1 SZe\`Y*gSS \ +S+W1yaVSf ]`\`\h1ab,*f Y\3Z\ Z*yO bS , +`\jp`1 w ZS-* /Wq ,a1fxE ab`*ZSgm 6;P6=D 4/*Z* ,S/1O b1WqYS 1-\,mD

5:D *M b\ 1k1 ]`1/aV*4*W a*Sq \ *,SW\Z1H +M bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ ob\ ]`\`\h1ab,\ Sa]\WZSW\anH 5;D \h1Yd Y\3Z\ /\,1`qbn \3nSY \+1k*ZSqYH

*4,*WSZm *,SW\Z*

6:

˚ )H

a,\1 \+1k*ZS1 S 41YWq ab*Z1b `*1YD L `\hSb*yb1

SaW* 67B5=DM Z*a 1abn b,1`/*q Z*/13/* wZ* ,1hZdp

3S4ZnE bdE hb\ ]`13/1 /*,ZSf ,`1Y1Z \+1k*W \-E Z1 Y\-dkSy W-*bnx L Sbd 5B6M1D

) ˝˚ ˛ ˚ & " ˝ ˛ & 5<

b*VE Ym d4Z*WSE h1Y S+WSq \bWSh*1baq \b WpO +\y /`d-\y VZS-SD Z1y Z1b ]`\bS,\`1hSyD \-/* \Z*

-\,\`Sb \ h1YOb\E hb\ a,q4*Z\ a Z*dV\y SWS Sab\`S1yE \Z* ,a1-/* b\hZ*D m d4Z*WSE hb\ ob\ VZS-* Yd/`mf a\,1b\, S hb\ , Z1y 4*]Sa*Zm ]`\`\h1ab,*E YZ\-S1 S4

V\b\`mf d31 Sa]\WZSWSanD \ ob\ 1k1 Z1 ,a1D ]\O ab\W *,1W aV*4*WE hb\ waW\,\ \-* 3S,\ S /1yab,1ZO Z\xD b\ ob\ \4Z*h*1bH L `\hSb*yb1 ˚,`1qY 8B56DM 5=

S+WSq Y\31b S4Y1ZSbn ,*jd 3S4ZnD Z* ]\Y\O

-*1b `*4\+`*bnaq , a*Y\Y a1+1D Sb*q 11E Ym Wdhj1 ]\ZSY*1Y a,\S YmaWS S hd,ab,*D *]`SY1`E Z*Y Y\O 31b V*4*bnaqE hb\ Ym Wp+SY \-*E Z\ Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 Wp+Sbn 1-\ P \4Z*h*1b 3Sbn b*VE V*V dhSb S+WSqD 6>

S+WSp ]\ ]`*,d Y\3Z\ Z*4,*bn VZS-\y \b \-*D \- f\h1bE hb\+m Ym hSb*WSE S4dh*WS S Wp+SWS

obd VZS-dD b*`*qan SaaW1/\,*bn 11E Ym ]\V*31YE hb\ +W*-\/*`Zm \-d 4* ob\b ]\/*`\VD S+WSS 4*]Sa*O ‹ Z\E hb\ \- f\h1b a/1W*bn /Wq Wp/1y , +d/dk1YD aW1O /dpk1y -W*,1 Ym ]\-\,\`SY \+ ob\Y ]\/`\+Z11D 1 `\`\h1ab,\ \ `*4`dj1ZSS *,SW\Z* P WSjn \/Z\ S4 Sa]\WO ZS,jSfaq +S+W1yaVSf ]`\`\h1ab,D `\`\h1ab,* \+ Sada1 `SO ab1 \+ad3/*pbaq , `SW\31ZSS 9D

5<D b\ *,1W aV*4*W \ W\,1 \-*H 5=E 6>D *M *V S+WSq ]\Y\-*1b `*4\+`*bnaq , a*Y\Y a1+1H +M *V WShZ\ ,m Y\31b1 ]\V*4*bnE hb\ g1ZSb1 ob\b ]\/*`\V \b \-*H

) P

w a1 Sa*ZS1 ,/\fZ\,W1Z\ \-\Yx L6 SY\e1p 7B5:MD

1Y S+WSq \bWSh*1baq \b Wp+\y /`d-\y VZS-SH S+WSq ]1`1,1/1Z* ]`SY1`Z\

Z* 6 <>> q4mV\,D \ ,a1Y YSO `1 Z*]1h*b*Zm YSWWS*`/m oVO 41Y]Wq`\, ob\y VZS-SD

Z1y Z*]Sa*Z\ b\E \ h1Y +\Wnj1 ZS-/1 Z1 ]`\hSb*1jnD

5 1aa*W\ZSVSyg*Y 6B57 ,b\` S+WSS P \-D 6 1b`* 5B65 \bq S+WSp ]Sa*WS Wp/SE \ZS 4*]Sam,*WS \3nS YmaO WSE * Z1 a,\SD

) P

Ë&#x161;

\- Z1 Y\31b W-*bn L Sbd 5B6MD

\h1Yd S+WSS Y\3Z\ /\,1`qbnH

a*Sq 88B6;P89B6 `\`\h1ab,\ \ 4*f,*b1 *,SO W\Z* +mW\ 4*]Sa*Z\ , S+WSS 4* a\bZS W1b /\ a,\1-\ Sa]\WO Z1ZSqD

6 SY\e1p 7B5P9 S+W1yaVS1 ]`\`\h1ab,* Sa]\WZqpbaq S , Z*jS /ZSD SaW* 67B5= â&#x20AC;¹ m Y\31Y /\,1`qbn b\YdE hb\ , S+WSS -\,\`Sbaq \ +d/dO k1YD

6<

) ˝˚

& w)E 1-\,*EP b,\y \-E V\b\`my dhSb b1+q ]\W14Z\Ydx L a*Sq 8<B5;MD

b\ ,m d4Z*WS \ S+WSSH

\, 6:B;C a*Sq 8>B66 S+WSq b\hZ* , Z*dhZmf ,\]`\a*fD SaW* 6>B6P56 Sa*b1WS S+WSS +mWS h1abZmYSD

*be1q 9P; Z1y `*aaV*4m,*1baq \ b\YE V*V ab*bn ah*abWS,mYE V*V W*O /Sbn a /`d-SYSE V*V Y\WSbnaq S V*V \bZ\aSbnaq V /1Zn-*YD

) ˝˚

˛ ˚ & " ˝ ˛ & w W\,\ \-* 3S,\ S /1yab,1ZZ\x L˚,`1qY 8B56MD

*V W\,\ \-* Y\31b ]\,WSqbn Z* ,*jd 3S4ZnH ˇ Z\ ]\Y\-*1b ]\Zqbn 4*Yma1W \-*D

ˇ Z\ ]\Y\-*1b d,S/1bnE h1-\ \- \3S/*1b SY1ZZ\ \b ,*aD

ˇ Z\ ]\Y\-*1b `*4\+`*bnaq , a*Y\Y a1+1D

\- f\h1bE hb\+m ,m hSb*WSE S4dh*WS S Wp+SWS S+WSpD

7

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x2122; ) (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢H "Ë&#x161;

Wp/1y d \-* +mW ]`1V`*aZmy 4*YmO a1WD Z a\4/*W ]1`,mf Yd3hSZd S 31ZkSZdE /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,dE S ]\a1WSW Sf , V`*aS,\Y a*/dD \- f\b1WE hb\+m d Wp/1y `\3/*WSan /1bSE hb\+m Wp/S a\4/*,*WS `*yO aVS1 daW\,Sq Z* 41YW1 S 4*+\bSWSan \ 3S,\bZmf L mO bS1 5B6<C 6B<E =E 59C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 :MD 6

*V ,m /dY*1b1E ,\4Y\3Z\ WSE hb\ Wp/S aZ\,* +dO /db 3Sbn , `*pH 1-\,* \+1k*1bB w) 4*/dY*W ob\ S a/1W*px L a*Sq 8:B=P55C 99B55MD Z \+q4*b1WnZ\ a/1W*O 1b b\E hb\ 4*/dY*WEP 1-\ ZSVb\ S ZShb\ Z1 \ab*Z\,SbD

1-\,* aV*4*WE hb\ wa\b,\`SWDDD 41YWp Z1 Z*]`*aZ\xE

4Z*hSbE \Z a\4/*W 11 /Wq \]`1/1W1ZZ\y g1WS L a*Sq 89B5<MD Z f\b1WE hb\+m Z* 41YW1 3SWS Wp/SD \ V*VSf Wp/1y \- f\h1b ,S/1bn Z* 41YW1 S V*V /\W-\ \ZS /\WO 3Zm +d/db 3SbnH S+WSq \b,1h*1bB w `*,1/Zm1 SWS ]\aWdjZm1 \-d Z*aW1/dpb 41YWp S +d/db 3Sbn Z* Z1y ,1hZ\x L a*W\Y 7;B6=C bV`\,1ZS1 65B7E 8MD 7

/Z*V\ a1-\/Zq Wp/S +\W1pb S dYS`*pbE ,\ppb S d+S,*pb /`d- /`d-*D \Z1hZ\E \- f\b1W Z1 ob\-\D \-O

/* hb\ 31 ]`\S4\jW\H \h1Yd ,a1 ]\jW\ SZ*h1H \WnO V\ S+WSq Y\31b /*bn \b,1bD 5D Ë&#x2122;Wq h1-\ \- a\4/*W Wp/1yH 6D *M bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ \- \+q4*b1WnZ\ a/1W*1b b\E hb\ 4*/dY*WH +M b\ , S+WSS -\,\`Sbaq \ ,1hZ\y 3S4ZSH

7D *V\y ,\4ZSV*1b ,\]`\aE V\-/* Ym ,S/SYE hb\ ,a1 ]\jW\ Z1 b*VE V*V f\b1W \-H

7>

Ë&#x161; )H

8

\-* 1abn ,`*-D S+WSS \Z Z*4,*Z wË&#x2122;nq,\W\Y S *b*Z\yxD /Z*3/m , '/1YaV\Y a*/d *b*Z* 4*-\,\O `SW a Ë&#x161;,\y h1`14 4Y1p L bV`\,1ZS1 56B=C mbS1 7B5MD Z a/1W*W b*VE +d/b\ -\,\`Sb 4Y1qE f\bq Z* a*Y\Y /1O W1 -\,\`SW \ZD L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 ;DM 9

*V ]\q,SWaq *b*Z* Ë&#x2122;nq,\WH \31b +mbnE \Z +mW a\4/*Z \-\YH 1bI Z*h*W* \Z +mW *Z-1W\YE Z\ ]\O b\Y S4Y1ZSWaq , fd/jdp ab\`\Zd S ab*W Ë&#x2122;nq,\W\Y L \, 7<B8E ;MD *V ob\ ]`\S4\jW\H \hZ\ b*V 31E V*V V*O V\yOb\ h1W\,1V ab*Z\,Sbaq ,\`\YD \`*YS Z1 `\3/*O pbaq P ]`\ab\ , V*V\yOb\ Y\Y1Zb h1W\,1V Z*hSZ*1b f\b1bn b\E hb\ 1Yd Z1 ]`SZ*/W13SbD Ë&#x161;aWS \Z ]`\/\WO 3*1b /dY*bn \+ ob\YE Z1]`*,SWnZ\1 31W*ZS1 ab*Z\O

,Sbaq ,a1 aSWnZ11 S aSWnZ11D ,\bE V\-/* ]`1/\O

ab*,Wq1baq ]\/f\/qk*q ,\4Y\3Z\abnE \Z V`*/1b hdO 3dp ,1knD 1]1`n \Z ,\` P \Z a*Y SY ab*WE 1-\ ZSVb\ Z1 ]\/b*WVS,*WD L `\hSb*yb1 *V\,* 5B57P59C aY\bO `Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 <DM :

\ 31 a*Y\1 ]`\S4\jW\ S a b1Y *Z-1W\YD 1O `\qbZ\E V\-/* 1-\,* a\b,\`SW /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,d S ]\,1W1W SY `\3/*bn /1b1yE ob\b *Z-1W ]\/dY*WB w a1 obS Wp/S Y\-db ]\VW\Zqbnaq YZ1E * Z1 1-\,1Ix L mbS1 5B6;E 6<MD 1Y +\Wnj1 \Z /dY*W \+ ob\YE b1Y aSWnZ11 ab*Z\,SO W\an ob\ 31W*ZS1D Z 4*f\b1W b\-\E hb\ ]`SZ*/W13*W\

1-\,1EP hb\+m Wp/S 1Yd ]\VW\ZqWSanD \ob\Yd \Z

4*-\,\`SW a Ë&#x161;,\y S \+Y*ZdW 11D L `\hSb*yb1 mbS1 7B5P9DM *V \Z ab*W *b*Z\y Ë&#x2122;nq,\W\YE ,`*-\Y \-*D 8E 9D *M b\ 4*-\,\`SW a Ë&#x161;,\y h1`14 4Y1pH +M *V Vb\Ob\ Y\31b ab*bn ,\`\YH :D *V \/SZ S4 *Z-1W\, ab*W ,`*-\Y \-*H

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x2122; ) (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢H

75

; /*Y

S Ë&#x161;,* ]`\q,SWS Z1]\aWdj*ZS1 \-d S al1WS 4*]`1bZmy ]W\/ L mbS1 6B5;C 7B:MD 1Y a*YmY \ZS a\O -`1jSWSD 1`14 V*V\1Ob\ ,`1Yq \ZS dY1`WSE V*V S ]`1O /d]`13/*W 1-\,* L mbS1 7B5;P5=MD Ë&#x2122;1bS /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,mE `\/S,jSan -`1jZSV*YSE b\31 dY1`WSD L `\hSb*yO b1 SYWqZ*Y 9B56DM *aaY\b`SY \/SZ ]`SY1`E V\b\O `my ]\Y\31b ]\ZqbnE ]\h1Yd /1bS /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,m `\/SO WSan -`1jZSV*YSD `1/ab*,nb1 a1+1E hb\ ,m ,m]1V*1O b1 fW1+ , e\`Y1E Z* V\b\`\y 1abn ,YqbSZ*D \b\,my fW1+ b\31 +d/1b a ,YqbSZ\yD 1 ]\aWdj*,jSan \-*E /*Y ab*W -`1jZSV\YD \aV\WnVd Ym ,a1 ]`\Saf\/SY \b /*Y*E Ym `\3/*1Yaq a b*V\y 31 w,YqbSZ\yxE b\ 1abn -`1jZmYSD \b ]\h1Yd Ym ,a1 ab*`11Y S dYS`*O 1Y L SYWqZ*Y 7B67C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 =MD <

\/b\WVZd, /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,d V Z1]\aWdj*ZSpE *b*Z*E ]\ adbSE ]\/ZqW Yqb13 ]`\bS, 1-\,mD Z f\b1WE hb\O +m /*Y a Ë&#x161;,\y ]\,1`SWSE hb\ 1-\,* W31g S ]W\f\y ]`*,Sb1WnE hb\ \Z WSj*1b Sf ah*abnqD *b*Z* 4*q,SWE hb\ Wp/S \+\y/dbaq S +14 \-*E hb\ \ZS a*YS Y\-db `1j*bnE hb\ /\+`\E * hb\ 4W\D *V 31 /\W31Z +mW \bO `1*-S`\,*bn 1-\,*H Z Y\- +m ]`\ab\ dZShb\3Sbn Yqb13ZSV\, S b1Y a*YmY ]`1V`*bSbn Yqb13D \ /\V*O 4*W\ +m ob\E hb\ *b*Z* W31gH 1bD =

1-\,* Z1 ab*W dZShb\3*bn Yqb13ZSV\, a`*4dD Y1ab\ ob\-\ \Z /*W Wp/qY ,`1YqE hb\+m \ZS ]\O ]`\+\,*WS ]`*,Sbn a\+\y a*Y\ab\qb1WnZ\D \ ,`1Y1O Z1Y ,a1Y ab*W\ +m qaZ\E hb\ Wp/S Y\-db +mbn ah*abO WS,mYS b\WnV\ ]\/ ]`*,W1ZS1Y \-*E S hb\ *b*Z* P ;D *M \h1Yd /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* dY1`WSH +M \h1Yd Ym ab*`11Y S dYS`*1YH <E =D *M *VS1 a\YZ1ZSq ]\a1qW *b*Z* , dYm /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,mH +M \h1O Yd 1-\,* Z1 dZShb\3SW Yqb13ZSV\, a`*4dH

76

Ë&#x161; )H

W31gD \W11 ]\/`\+Z\ \+ ob\Y +d/1b `*aaV*4m,*bnO aq , 55Oy -W*,1 ob\y VZS-SD *V ]\O,*j1YdE ]`*,SWnZ\ WS ]\abd]SWS /*Y a Ë&#x161;,\yH mW\ WS d ZSf \aZ\,*ZS1 Z1 ]\aWdj*bnaq \-* S ]\,1`Sbn *b*Z1H 1-\,* /*W

/*Yd S Ë&#x161;,1 ,a1E hb\ SY +mW\ Zd3Z\D Z ]\/*`SW SY 3S4Zn , ]`1V`*aZmf daW\,Sqf S ,\4Y\3Z\abn 4*ZSO Ë&#x161;aWS +m *b*Z1 Z1 ]`SZ*/W13*WS ,a1 g*`ab,*E `*4,1 \Z Y\- +m ]`1/W\3Sbn Sf SadadH

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x2122; ) (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢H

77

Y*bnaq SZb1`1aZ\y `*+\b\yD *b*Z* Z1 /*W SY ZSh1O -\D Ë&#x161;aWS +m Z* Sf Y1ab1 +mWS ,mE b\ V*V\y ,m+\` ,m +m a/1W*WSH 5>

1-\/Zq V*3/my S4 Z*a ab\Sb ]1`1/ b*VSY ,m+\O â&#x20AC;¹ `\YD b b\-\E hb\ Ym ,m+1`1YE 4*,SaSb Z*j* 3S4ZnD m Y\31Y `1jSbn ]\/hSZqbnaq \-d V*V ]`*,Sb1Wp S b*VSY \+`*4\Y /\V*4*bnE hb\ *b*Z* P W31gD WS ,mO +`*bn a,\SY ]`*,Sb1W1Y *b*Zd L a*W\Y ;7B6<C ]`\O hSb*yb1 `SbhS 6;B55MD

H 55

S`\Y ]`*,Sb Z1 \-D b\ 31 b\-/* ]`*,Sb1Wn YSO `*H Sada `Sab\a 4Z*W \b,1b Z* ob\b ,\]`\aD /Z*3O /m *b*Z* ]\V*4*W 1Yd w,a1 g*`ab,* YS`* S Sf aW*,dx

S ]\\+1k*WB w a1 ob\ q /*Y b1+1E 1aWS d]*/1jn Z* V\O W1ZS S ]\VW\ZSjnaq YZ1x L *be1q 8B<E =C dVS 8B9E :MD Ë&#x161;aWS +m *b*Z1 Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 Z1 ]`SZ*/W13*WS ,a1 g*`ab,*E `*4,1 Y\- +m \Z ]`1/W\3Sbn Sf SadadH \O Z1hZ\ Z1bD Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE ,a1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,* Z*f\/qbaq ,\ ,W*abS *b*ZmD 56

m a]`\aSb1B w *4,1 ,\4Y\3Z\E hb\ YS`\Y ]`*O ,Sb *b*Z*E ,1/n 1-\,* P \4/*b1Wn ,a1-\Hx L bV`\O

,1ZS1 8B55MD Ë&#x2122;*E ,a1 a\4/*W \-E Z\ Sada ]`qY\ aV*4*WE hb\ w]`*,Sb1Wn YS`*x P *b*Z* L \*ZZ* 56B75C 58B7>C 5:B55MD ]\ab\W *,1W Z*4,*W *b*Zd Ë&#x2122;nq,\W* w+\-\Y ob\y aSab1Ym ,1k1yx L6 \`SZeqZ*Y 8B7E 8MD *]\ab\W

\*ZZ Z*]Sa*WE hb\ w,1an YS` W13Sb ,\ ,W*abS Ë&#x203A;W\O -\x L5 \*ZZ* 9B5=MD 5>D 1`1/ V*VSY ,m+\`\Y ab\Sb V*3/my S4 Z*aH

55E 56D *M h1Y -\,\`Sb b\b e*VbE hb\ *b*Z* ]`1/W*-*W Sadad ,a1 g*`ab,* YS`*H +M *V S+WSq ]\V*4m,*1bE hb\ YS`\Y ]`*,Sb *b*Z*H

78

Ë&#x161; )H

% Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;

Ë?Ë&#x161; H

V*3/mY /Z1Y YS` ab*Z\,Sbaq ,a1 fd31 S fdO 31D \yZm S Z*aSWS1E Z1h1abZ\abn S WSg1Y1`S1 /1W*O

pb Z*jd 3S4Zn bq31W\yD p/S Z1 , aSW*f `1jSbn ,a1 obS ]`\+W1YmE V*V +m ZS ab*`*WSanD \ a\,a1Y aV\`\ \- dZShb\3Sb ob\b 4W\y YS` , ,\yZ1 `Y*-1//\Z S ,Y1ab\ Z1-\ a\4/*ab Z\,myE ]`*,1/Zmy YS` L bV`\,1O ZS1 5:B58P5:C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 5>MD

58 1-\,* `1jSWE hb\ *`1Y 1-\ *`ab,*E SWS Z1+1aO Z\-\ ]`*,Sb1Wnab,*E +d/1b Sada `Sab\aD 1aV\WnV\ bmaqh W1b Z*4*/ , S+WSS +mW\ ]`1/aV*4*Z\E hb\ SO ada +d/1b w Zq41Y YS`*x S hb\ 1-\ ]`*,W1ZS1 +d/1b ,1hZmY L a*Sq =B:E ;MD Y1ZZ\ ob\ ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\ SO ada SY1W , ,S/dE V\-/* dhSW a,\Sf dh1ZSV\, Y\WSbnaqB

w dabn ]`S/1b b,\1 g*`ab,\D dabn b,\q ,\Wq +d/1b S Z* 41YW1E V*V Z* Z1+1x L *be1q :B5>MD 4 <Oy -W*,m ob\y VZS-S Ym d4Z*1Y \ b\YE hb\ *`ab,\ \-* 4*Y1ZSb a\O +\y ,a1 YS`\,m1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,*D L `\hSb*yb1 Ë&#x2122;*ZSO SW* 6B88DM \aW1 ob\-\ ]\/ ]`*,W1ZS1Y *`ab,* 41YWq ab*Z1b `*1YD L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 55DM 57

%â&#x20AC;˘

Ë&#x203A; I 59

S+WSS 4*]Sa*Z\ b*V\1 \+1k*ZS1 \-*B w mDDD \3S/*1Y Z\,mf Z1+1a S Z\,\y 41YWSE Z* V\b\`mf +dO /1b \+Sb*bn ]`*,1/Z\abnx L6 1b`* 7B57C a*Sq :9B5;MD

\/ aW\,\Y w41YWqx , S+WSS SZ\-/* ]\/`*4dY1,*pbO aq Wp/SE V\b\`m1 Z* Z1y 3S,db L mbS1 55B5MD \ob\Yd ,m`*31ZS1 wZ\,*q 41YWqx \bZ\aSbaq V ]`*,1/ZmY WpO 57D \h1Yd Z*Y Zd31Z Z\,my YS`H

58D \-\ 1-\,* `1jSW Z*4Z*hSbn *`1Y a,\1-\ *`ab,*H b\ \ Z1Y +mW\ ]`1/aV*4*Z\ , S+WSSH 59D b\ b*V\1 wZ\,*q 41YWqxH

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x2122; ) (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢H

79

/qYE V\b\`m1 aWdj*pbaq \-* S V\b\`mf \- +W*-\O aW\,Wq1bD 5: Sada ]\\+1k*WE hb\ b1E Vb\ +d/db 3Sbn , Z\,\Y YS`1E ]\Wdh*b w,1hZdp 3S4Znx L *`V* 5>B7>MD b\ Z*Y aW1/d1b /1W*bnE hb\+m ]\WdhSbn ob\b ]\/*`\VH b,1b Z*f\/Sbaq , S+WSSD `\hSb*yb1E ]\3*Wdyab*E \*ZO Z* 7B5: S 5;B7D b1]1`n /*,*yb1 \+ad/SYE V*V S+WSq \]Sam,*1b 3S4Zn , +d/dk1Y 41YZ\Y `*pD 5; 1 +d/1b 4W*E ,\yZE ]`1abd]Z\abS S Z*aSO WSqD * 41YW1 +\Wnj1 Z1 +d/1b 4Wmf Wp/1y L a*W\Y 7;B5>E 55MD \- ]`1V`*bSb w,\yZm /\ V`*q 41YWSx L a*O W\Y 8:B=C a*Sq 6B8MD \,ap/d +d/db 3Sbn Wp/SE V\b\O `m1 Wp+qb \-* S aWdj*pbaq 1-\D * 41YW1 ,a1-/* +dO /1b YS` L a*W\Y ;6B;MD 5< Wd3Sb1WS 1-\,m +d/db hd,ab,\,*bn a1+q , ]\WZ\y +14\]*aZ\abSD +S+W1yaVS1 ,`1Y1Z* V\-O /* S4`*SWnbqZ1 aWdj*WSan \-*E \ZS 3SWS , +14\]*aO Z\abSE ]\b\Yd hb\ \- Sf 4*kSk*W L 1,Sb 69B5<E 5=MD `*p Ym ZSV\-\ S ZSh1-\ Z1 +d/1Y +\qbnaqD m ,a1O -/* +d/1Y hd,ab,\,*bn a1+q , ]\WZ\y +14\]*aZ\abSI L `\hSb*yb1 a*SS 76B5<C Sf1q 8B8DM 5= d/1b YZ\-\ ]SkSD w d/1b \+SWS1 fW1+* Z* 41YO W1E Z* ,1`jSZ*f -\` \Z +d/1b , S4+mbV1x L a*W\Y ;6B5:MD 1-\,*E wZ*j \-E +W*-\aW\,Sb Z*axE S w41YWq /*ab a,\S ]`\S4,1/1ZSq SWS d`\3*y x L a*W\Y :;B:MD 6> aq 41YWq ab*Z1b `*1YD ,a1f +d/1b a,\y

5:D *M b\ \- ]\/*`Sb b1YE Vb\ +d/1b 3Sbn , Z\,\Y YS`1H +M b\ Z*Y Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m ]\WdhSbn ob\b ]\/*`\VH 5;E 5<D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ ]\,ap/d Z* 41YW1 +d/1b YS` S hb\ Ym +d/1Y hd,ab,\,*bn a1+q , +14\]*aZ\abSH 5=D \h1Yd Y\3Z\ Z1 a\YZ1,*bnaqE hb\ , Z\,\Y YS`1 +d/1b YZ\-\ ]SkSH 6>D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ 41YWq ab*Z1b `*1YH

7:

˚ )H

V`*aS,my /\Y S a*/D L `\hSb*yb1 a*SS :9B65P68C bV`\,1ZS1 55B5<DM aq 41YWq ab*Z1b b*V\y 31 ]`1O V`*aZ\yE V*VSY V\-/*Ob\ +mW '/1YaVSy a*/D 1-\,*

,a1-/* +d/1b 4*+\bSbnaq \ Z*aE /*,*q Z*Y ,a1 Z1\+f\O

/SY\1 /Wq 3S4ZSD S+WSS \ Z1Y aV*4*Z\B w m \bV`mO ,*1jn a,\p `dVd S d/\,W1b,\`q1jn 31W*ZS1 V*3/\-\ 3S,\-\ adk1ab,*x L a*W\Y 589B5:MD 65 p/S +d/db 3Sbn , -*`Y\ZSS a ]`S`\/\yD ˝SO ,\bZm1 +\Wnj1 ZSV\-/* Z1 +d/db ]`1/ab*,Wqbn d-`\O 4m /Wq Wp/1yD ˙*31 /1bS Z1 +d/db +\qbnaq 3S,\bZmfE V\b\`m1 a1-\/Zq ahSb*pbaq \]*aZmYSD L `\hSb*yb1 a*SS 55B:P=C :9B69DM 66 1 +d/1b +\W14Z1yD \-/* Sada `Sab\a +mW Z* 41YW1E \Z Sag1WSW YZ\-Sf Wp/1y L *be1q =B79C *`V* 5B8>P86C \*ZZ* 9B9P=MD /Z*V\ , +d/dk1YE V*V *`n \O

3n1-\ *`ab,*E \Z ,1`Z1b 4/\`\,n1 ,a1YD w SVb\ S4 3Sb1W1y Z1 aV*31bB t) +\W1Zrx L a*Sq 77B68C 79B9E :MD 67 Y1`jS1 +d/db aZ\,* 3SbnD \- \+1k*1bE hb\ ,\aV`1aSb YSWWS\Zm dY1`jSf Wp/1yD w d/1b ,\aV`1O

a1ZS1 Y1`b,mfE ]`*,1/Zmf S Z1]`*,1/ZmfxD L `\hSO b*yb1 \*ZZ* 9B6<E 6=C ˙1qZSq 68B59DM 68 m ,a1 ab\SY ]1`1/ ,m+\`\YB SWS d4Z*,*bn \+ 1O -\,1 S aWd3Sbn 1Yd SWS 3Sbn b*VE V*V Z*Y f\h1baqD ˚aO

WS Ym `1jSY aWd3Sbn 1-\,1E Z*a 3/1b ]`1V`*aO Z\1 +d/dk11D 1`1/ aY1`bnp Sada `Sab\a ]\\+1k*W h1W\,1VdE ]\,1j1ZZ\Yd `q/\Y a ZSY Z* ab\W+1B w m +d/1jn a\ YZ\y , *px L dVS 67B87MD ˙*,*yb1 d4Z*1Y +\Wnj1 \ b\YE Vb\ b*V\y Sada `Sab\a S V*V \Z Sa]\WO ZSb \+1k*ZSqE /*ZZm1 \-\YD 65D 66D 67D 68D

bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ Wp/S S 3S,\bZm1 +d/db 3Sbn , YS`1H \h1Yd +\W14Z1y +\Wnj1 Z1 +d/1bH

b\ ]`\S4\y/1b a b1YSE Vb\ dY1`H \b1WS +m ,m 3Sbn , `*pH

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x2122; ) (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢H w `*,1/Zm1 Z*aW1/dpb 41YWp S +d/db 3Sbn Z* Z1y ,1hZ\x L a*W\Y 7;B6=MD

Ë&#x2122;Wq h1-\ \- a\4/*W Wp/1yH mbS1 5B6< \- f\b1WE hb\+m Wp/S `\3/*O WS /1b1yE a\4/*,*WS `*yaVS1 daW\,Sq Z* 41YW1 S 4*+\bSO WSan \ 3S,\bZmfD

a*Sq 8:B=P55C 99B55 \- \+q4*b1WnZ\ a/1W*1b b\E hb\ 4*/dY*WC 1-\ ZShb\ Z1 \ab*Z\,SbD

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; &

Ë&#x161; H w 1an YS` W13Sb ,\ ,W*abS Ë&#x203A;W\-\x L5 \*ZZ* 9B5=MD

b\ ]`*,Sb YS`\YH

\*ZZ* 56B75 Sada aV*4*WE hb\ ]`*,Sb1Wn ob\-\ YS`* P *b*Z*D

SYWqZ*Y 7B67C 9B56 p/S dYS`*pbE ]\b\Yd hb\ SY ]1`1/*Waq -`1f \b /*Y*D

*V\,* 5B57P59 *b*Z* 4*f\b1W SY1bn b\E hb\ 1Yd Z1 ]`SZ*/W13*W\D

6 \`SZeqZ*Y 8B7E 8 *b*Z* \+Y*Zm,*1b Wp/1yD

mbS1 6B5;C 7B5P: *b*Z* \+Y*ZdW Ë&#x161;,dD /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* Z1 ]\aWdj*WSan \-* S h1`14 V*V\1Ob\ ,`1Yq dY1`WSD

7=

Ë&#x161;"

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; %

w dabn ]`S/1b b,\1 g*`ab,\D dabn b,\q ,\Wq +d/1b S Z* 41YW1x L *be1q :B5>MD

b\ a/1W*1b 1-\,*H Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW 6B88 `*,Sb1Wnab,\ \-* 4*Y1ZSb a\+\y ,a1 YS`\,m1 ]`*,SO b1Wnab,*D

bV`\,1ZS1 5:B58P5: \- dZShb\3Sb 4W\y YS` , ,\yZ1 `Y*-1//\ZD

a*Sq =B:E ;

1-\,* `1jSWE hb\ *`1Y 1-\ Z1+1aZ\-\ ]`*,Sb1Wnab,* +dO /1b Sada `Sab\aD Z +d/1b

]`*,Sbn 41YW1yD

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x203A;Ë&#x161; ) Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; w m \bV`m,*1jn a,\p `dVd S d/\,W1b,\`q1jn 31W*ZS1 V*3/\-\ 3S,\-\ adk1ab,*x L a*W\Y 589B5:MD

b\ *`ab,\ \-* a/1W*1b /Wq Z*aH a*W\Y 8:B= Z\,\Y YS`1 Z1 +d/1b ,\yZE ]`1abd]Z\abS S Z*aSWSqD

a*Sq 76B5<C :9B65P68 * ,a1y 41YW1 +d/1b YS`D V*3/\-\ +d/1b a,\y V`*aS,my /\Y S a*/D

a*W\Y ;6B5: d/1b YZ\-\ ]SkSD

a*Sq 55B:P= p/S S 3S,\bZm1 +d/db 3Sbn , YS`1D

a*Sq 77B68C Ë&#x2122;1qZSq 68B59 1 +d/1b +\W14Z1yD 1E Vb\ dY1`E +d/db aZ\,* 3SbnD

8

â&#x20AC;¢

H

Ë&#x161; YZ\-\ 4Z*Y1ZSbmf Wp/1yD 1V\b\`mf ,mE ,\4Y\3Z\E 4Z*1b1 ]\ SY1ZSD \ Y\3Z\ WS aV*4*bnE hb\ ,m a ZSYS +WS4V\ 4Z*V\YmE 1aWS ,*Y ]\hbS ZSO h1-\ Z1 S4,1abZ\ \+ Sf 3S4ZS S \ b\YE hb\ ob\ 4* Wp/SH 6

\31b +mbnE ,m hb\Ob\ aWmj*WS S \+ Sada1 `SO ab1E f\bq \Z 3SW \V\W\ 6 >>> W1b Z*4*/D \WnjSZab,\ Wp/1y Z1 4Z*pbE V1Y \Z +mW Z* a*Y\Y /1W1D 1V\b\O `m1 -\,\`qbE hb\ \Z ]`\ab\ f\`\jSy h1W\,1VE /`d-S1 /dY*pbE hb\ \Z ]`\`\VE * b`1bnS ahSb*pb 1-\ \-\YD hb\ +m aV*4*WS ,mH L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 56DM 7

\h1Yd ,*3Z\ 4Z*bnE Vb\ b*V\y Sada `Sab\aH S+WSS aV*4*Z\B w b\+m SY1bn ,1hZdp 3S4ZnE Z1\+f\/SY\ ]`S\+`1b*bn 4Z*ZSq \ b1+1E 1/SZab,1ZO Z\Y SabSZZ\Y \-1E S ]\aW*ZZ\Y b\+\y Sada1 `Sab1x L \*ZZ* 5;B7MD Ë&#x203A;Z*ZSq \+ 1-\,1 S Sada1 \bO V`\pb ]1`1/ ,*YS ,\4Y\3Z\abn 3Sbn ,1hZ\ , `*p Z*

41YW1 L \*ZZ* 58B:MD 4Z*,*bn \+ Sada1 ,*3Z\ 1k1

S ]\b\YdE hb\ \Z ]\/*1b ]`1,\af\/Zmy ]`SY1` b\-\E V*V Zd3Z\ 3Sbn S V*V \bZ\aSbnaq V Wp/qY L \*ZZ* 57B78E 79MD 4 5Oy -W*,m Ym d4Z*WSE Vb\ b*V\y \-D 1O 5E 6D *M \h1Yd 4Z*bn V\-\Ob\ ]\ SY1ZS Z1 \4Z*h*1bE hb\ ,m a ZSY +WS4V\ 4Z*V\YmH +lqaZSb1D +M b\ Wp/S /dY*pb \ b\YE Vb\ b*V\y SO ada `Sab\aH 7D \h1Yd ,*3Z\ ]\Wdh*bn 4Z*ZSq \ \-1 S \+ Sada1 `Sab1H

â&#x20AC;¢ H

85

â&#x20AC;¹ ]1`n /*,*yb1 d4Z*1YE hb\ , S+WSS -\,\`Sbaq \+ SO ada1 `Sab1D

w % " Ë&#x161; (Ix 8

1`14 S+WSp 1-\,* ]\\+1k*WE hb\ Z* 41YWp

]`S/1b 1aaSqE SWS `Sab\aD W\,\ w 1aaSqx P S4 1,`1yaV\-\ q4mV*E * w `Sab\ax P S4 -`1h1aV\-\E Z\ 4Z*h1ZS1 obSf aW\, \/SZ*V\,\1 P b\bE V\-\ \- ,mO +`*W /Wq ,m]\WZ1ZSq \a\+\y `\WSD 1aaSq Sa]\WZSb ,a1 \+1k*ZSq \-* , \bZ\j1ZSS +d/dk1-\D `\Y1 b\O -\E d31 a1-\/Zq b\E hb\ \Z a/1W*WE Y\31b ]\,WSqbn Z* ,*jd 3S4ZnD 9

h1ZSVS Sada* +mWS d,1`1Zm , b\YE hb\ SY1ZO

Z\ \Z P 1aaSq L \*ZZ* 5B85MD *]`SY1`E SY\Z 1b` ]`qY\ aV*4*W SadadB w m P `Sab\ax L *be1q 5:B5:MD ]\h1Yd Ym Y\31Y Z1 a\YZ1,*bnaqE hb\ Sada P ob\ 1aaSqH :

Ë&#x203A;*/\W-\ /\ `\3/1ZSq Sada* \3nS ]`\`\VS 4*]Sa*WS YZ\31ab,\ ]`\`\h1ab, \ 1aaSSE V\b\`m1 ]\Y\-WS +m ]\ZqbnE Vb\ \V*31baq 1aaS1yD *aaY\bO `SY \/SZ ]`SY1`D *a ]\]`\aSWS ,ab`1bSbn Z* ,\VO 4*W1 h1W\,1V*E V\b\`\-\ ,m `*Znj1 ZSV\-/* Z1 ,S/1O WSD b\ ]\Y\31b ,*Y 1-\ Z*ybSH Ë&#x161;aWS ,*Y 1-\ ]\/O `\+Z\ \]SjdbD \/\+ZmY \+`*4\Y 1-\,* h1`14 ]`\`\V\,E b*V aV*4*bnE \]Sa*W 1aaSpB h1Y \Z +d/1b

4*ZSY*bnaq S hb\ a ZSY ]`\S4\y/1bD a1 obS ]`\`\O h1ab,* Sa]\WZSWSan Z* Sada1D 1]1`n Wp+\yE Vb\ 8D * hb\ dV*4m,*pb 4Z*h1ZSq aW\, w 1aaSqx S w `Sab\axH 9D \YZ1,*WSan WS dh1ZSVS Sada* , b\YE hb\ \Z 1aaSqH :D b\ a/1W*W 1-\,*E hb\+m SaV`1ZZS1 Wp/S Y\-WS ]\ZqbnE Vb\ \V*O 31baq 1aaS1yH

SaV`1ZZ1 ob\-\ 4*f\h1bE Y\31b d+1/SbnaqE hb\ ]`1/O aV*4*ZZmY 1aaS1y \V*4*Waq SadaD ;

*aaY\b`SY /,* ]`\`\h1ab,*D 1`,\1B 4* ;>> W1b /\ `\3/1ZSq Sada* ]`\`\V Sf1y ]`1/aV*4*WE hb\ 1aaSq `\/Sbaq , Z1+\Wnj\Y -\`\/1 SeW11Y1 L SO f1y 9B6MD -/1 `\/SWaq SadaH Y1ZZ\ , SeW11Y1I L *be1q 6B5E 7P=MD b\`\1B ]`\`\V Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW ]`1/aV*O 4*WE hb\ 1aaSq ]\q,Sbaq , 6= -\/d ZD oD LË&#x2122;*ZSSW =B69MD 'b\ ,a1-\ WSjn /,* S4 YZ\31ab,* ]`\`\h1ab,E /\V*O 4m,*pkSfE hb\ Sada P \+1k*ZZmy 1aaSqD L Y\bO `Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 57DM <

\W11 b\-\E a*Y 1-\,* ]\/b,1`/SWE hb\ Sada P ob\ 1aaSqD \- ]\\+1k*W \*ZZd `1abSb1WpE hb\ /*ab 1Yd 4Z*VE V\b\`my dV*4*W +m Z* 1aaSpD 6= -\O

/d ZD oDE V\-/* Sada ]`Sj1W V `1V1 \`/*ZE hb\+m V`1abSbnaqE \*ZZ d,S/1W ob\b 4Z*VD \b hb\ \+ ob\Y -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSSB w `1abS,jSanE Sada a`*4d 31 ]\/ZqWaq S4 ,\/mD \-/* \bV`mWSan Z1+1a*E S \*ZZ d,S/1W /df \-*E V\b\`my , \+WSV1 -\Wd+q \]daV*Waq Z* Sada*D -\W\a a Z1+1a aV*4*WB t'b\ Y\y Wp+SYmy mZE V\b\`\-\ q \/\+`qprx L *be1q 7B5:E 5;MD *V \O *ZZ ]\ZqWE hb\ Sada S 1abn 1aaSq L \*ZZ* 5B76P78MD

Y1ZZ\ , b\b /1ZnE V\-/* Z* Sada* a\j1W /df \b 1O ;D *VS1 /,* ]`\`\h1ab,* /\V*4m,*pbE hb\ Sada P ob\ 1aaSqH <E =D *V b\E hb\ ]`\S4\jW\ ,\ ,`1Yq V`1k1ZSq Sada*E /\V*4m,*1bE hb\ \Z +mW 1aaS1yH

â&#x20AC;¢ H

87

-\,mE \Z ab*W 1aaS1yD Z \V*4*Waq b1YE V\-\ \- Z*O

4Z*hSW \3/1Y S *`1Y L a*Sq 99B8MD =

b*VE +S+W1yaVS1 ]`\`\h1ab,*E aW\,* a*Y\-\ 1O -\,m S q,Zmy 4Z*V a Z1+* ,\ ,`1Yq V`1k1ZSq /\V*4mO ,*pbE hb\ Sada S +mW \+1k*ZZmY 1aaS1yD b1]1`n

/*,*yb1 d4Z*1YE \bVd/* ]`Sj1W Sada `Sab\a S V*O VSY \Z +mW h1W\,1V\YD

Sada ab*W 1aaS1yE SWS `Sab\YE ,\ ,`1Yq a,\1-\ V`1k1ZSq

88

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x2122; "Ë&#x161;

H 5>

S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ /\ ]`Sf\/* Z* 41YWp

Sada `Sab\a /\W-\1 ,`1Yq 3SW Z* Z1+1D 'b\ a\-W*O ad1baq a\ aW\,*YS ]`\`\V* Sf1qE V\b\`my Z*]Sa*WE

hb\ 1aaSq adk1ab,\,*W wa /`1,ZSf ,`1Y1Zx L Sf1y 9B6MD Sada a*Y Z1 `*4 -\,\`SWE hb\E /\ b\-\ V*V `\O /Sbnaq Z* 41YW1E \Z 3SW Z* Z1+1D L `\hSb*yb1 \O *ZZ* 7B57C :B7<E :6C 5;B8E 9DM 31 /\ ]`Sf\/* Z* 41YWp d Sada* +mWS \a\+1ZZm1 \bZ\j1ZSq a 1-\,\yD 55

Sada \h1Zn /\`\- 1-\,1D \h1YdH \b\Yd hb\

1-\,* a\4/*W 1-\ a*YmY ]1`,mY P /\ b\-\E V*V

a\4/*bn ,a1 \ab*WnZ\1D \b ]\h1Yd \Z Z*4,*Z w]1`O ,1Zg1Y S4 ,a1-\ b,\`1ZSqx L \W\aaqZ*Y 5B59M1D 1-\O

,* Wp+Sb Sada* 1k1 S ]\b\YdE hb\ Sada 1/SZab,1ZO ZmyE V\-\ Z a\b,\`SW a*YD S+WSS Sada Z*4,*Z w1/SZ\`\/ZmY mZ\Yx L \*ZZ* 7B5:MD \WnV\ Sada*

1-\,* ,4qW , ]\Y\kZSVSE V\-/* a\4/*,*W ,a1 \ab*WnZ\1 L \W\aaqZ*Y 5B5:MD *V31 b\WnV\ 1-\ S+O WSq Z*4m,*1b w W\,\YxE S4 h1-\ ,S/Z\E hb\ 1-\,* ]1`1/*,*W SZe\`Y*gSp *Z-1W*Y S Wp/qY SY1ZZ\ h1O `14 Sada* L \*ZZ* 5B58MD 56

1V\b\`m1 Wp/S ahSb*pbE hb\ Sada `Sab\a S \- \/Z\ S b\ 31D \ hb\ \+ ob\Y -\,\`Sb S+WSqH

1 S+WSS 1-\,* Z*4,*Z bg\YE ]\b\Yd hb\ \Z ,a1 a\4/*W L a*Sq :8B<MD Sada Z*4,*Z mZ\YE ]\b\Yd hb\ 1-\ a\b,\`SW \-D Z-1Wm S ]1`,my h1W\,1V /*Y b\31 Z*4m,*pbaq amZ\,nqO YS \-* L \, 5B:C dVS 7B7<MD

5>D b\ -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSS \ 3S4ZS Sada* `Sab* /\ 1-\ ]`Sf\/* Z* 41YWpH 55D \h1Yd Sada \a\+1ZZ\ /\`\- 1-\,1H 56D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ Sada `Sab\a S \- Z1 \/Z\ S b\ 31H

â&#x20AC;¢ H

89

Sada +mW a\b,\`1ZE 4Z*hSbE d Z1-\ +mW\ Z*h*W\D \

d 1-\,m Z1 +mW\ Z*h*W*E Z*\+\`\bE ob\ \Z ,a1 a\O 4/*W L a*W\Y =>B6MD Sada ZSV\-/* Z1 ]mb*Waq 4*Zqbn

Y1ab\ \-*E \Z \a\4Z*,*W a,\1 ]\W\31ZS1 P hb\ \Z b\WnV\ amZD S+WSq -\,\`Sb ]`qY\E hb\ b1g +\WnO j1 mZ*D L `\hSb*yb1 \*ZZ* 58B6<C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 55B7DM 1-\,* P 1/SZab,1ZZmyE V\-\ S+WSq Z*4m,*O 1b w a1Y\-dkSY \-\Yx L mbS1 5;B5MD 1-\,1 Z1b `*,O ZmfE \Z -W*,Z*q WShZ\abn ,\ a1W1ZZ\yD L Y\b`Sb1

`SW\31ZS1 58DM 57 1-\,* S 1-\ mZ ,Y1ab1 b`d/SWSan Z* ]`\bq31O

ZSS YSWWS*`/\, W1b P 1k1 4*/\W-\ /\ ]\q,W1ZSq Z1O +* S 41YWSD 1a\YZ1ZZ\E 4* ob\ ,`1Yq \ZS aSWnZ\ ]\O

Wp+SWS /`d- /`d-*I L \*ZZ* 7B79C 58B75MD Sada ,\ ,a1Y ]\f\3 Z* a,\1-\ bg*E ]\ob\Yd , S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ w\Z P \+`*4 Z1,S/SY\-\ \-*x L \W\aaqZ*Y 5B59MD 58 p+SYmy mZ 1-\,m a -\b\,Z\abnp a\-W*aSWO aq ]`SybS Z* 41YWpE \ab*,S, 3S4Zn Z* Z1+1D Ë&#x2122;Wq ob\O -\ 1Yd Zd3Z\ +mW\ `\/Sbnaq h1W\,1V\YD *V ob\ ]`\O S4\jW\H 1-\,* a/1W*W hd/\B /1,djV* ]\ SY1ZS *O `Sq 4*+1`1Y1Z1W*E f\bq +mW* /1,ab,1ZZSg1yE b\ 1abn Z1 SY1W* +WS4\abS a Yd3hSZ\yD W*-\/*`q ob\Yd *O

`Sq `\/SW* `1+1ZV*E V\b\`my +mW a\,1`j1ZZmYD Z* Z*4,*W* 1-\ Sada\Y L dVS 5B7>P79MD

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; %

H

4 h1bm`1f VZS- S+WSSE S4,1abZmf V*V Ë&#x161;,*Z-1O WSq \b *be1qE *`V*E dVS S \*ZZ*E ,m aY\31b1 59

57D \h1Yd , S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Sada P w\+`*4 Z1,S/SY\-\ \O -*xH 58D *V mZ \-* Y\- `\/Sbnaq h1W\,1V\YH 59D *V ,m Y\31b1 +\Wnj1 d4Z*bn \+ 1-\,1H

8:

Ë&#x161; )H

YZ\-\1 d4Z*bn \+ Sada1E \ 1-\ 3S4ZS S V*h1ab,*fD `\Y1 b\-\E ,m +\Wnj1 d4Z*1b1 \+ 1-\,1E ,1/n SO ada b*V ]\f\3 Z* bg*D /Z*3/m Sada /*31 aV*4*WB w b\ ,S/1W Y1ZqE ,S/1W S bg*x L \*ZZ* 58B=MD 5:

Z\-S1 Z*4m,*WS Sada* `Sab* w hSb1W1Yx L \*ZZ* 5B7<C 57B57MD 1Yd \Z dhSWH ]1`,dp \h1O `1/n \Z ]`\]\,1/\,*W w+W*-dp ,1abn \ g*`ab,1xD b\ ob\ 4* *`ab,\H 'b\ \3n1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\E V\b\`\1

+d/1b ]`*,Sbn a Z1+* ,a1y 41YW1y S ]`SZ1a1b +W*O -\aW\,1ZSq ,a1YE Vb\ ]\aWdj1Z \-d L *be1q 8B67MD a1 dh1ZSq Sada* +mWS \b 1-\,mD Sada a*Y -\,\O

`SWB w \E h1Yd q dhdEP Z1 Y\1E * b\-\E Vb\ Y1Zq ]\O aW*Wx L \*ZZ* ;B5:MD Sada ]\ZSY*WE hb\ Wp/S /\WO 3Zm daWmj*bn +W*-dp ,1abn \ *`ab,1 \-*E ]\b\Yd hb\ ob\-\ f\h1b 1-\,*D 5;

/1 dhSW SadaH 14/1E -/1 +mWS Wp/SB , -\`\/*f S , /1`1,ZqfE , aSZ*-\-*f S , f`*Y1E Z* `mZ\hZmf ]W\k*/qf S , h*abZmf /\Y*fD Z Z1 3/*WE hb\ Wp/S

]`S/db V Z1YdE \Z a*Y j1W V ZSY L *`V* :B9:C dVS 5=B9E :MD Sada Z1 3*W1W ,`1Y1ZS S aSW Z* b\E hb\+m dhSbn Wp/1yD \h1YdH Z 4Z*WE hb\ ob\-\ f\h1b \-E *

Sada ,a1-/* 1-\ aWdj*Waq L \*ZZ* <B6<E 6=MD Sada

]`\]\,1/\,*W 1k1 S ]\b\YdE hb\ a\hd,ab,\,*W WpO /qYD LË&#x203A;*hSb*yb1 *be1q =B79E 7:DM Z f\b1W ]\Y\hn SYE `*aaV*4*, +W*-dp ,1abn \ \-1 S \ *`ab,1E ,1/n \Z ,S/1WE hb\ `1WS-S\4Zm1 dhSb1Wq ob\-\ Z1 /1W*pbD 5<

Sada `Sab\a +mW Wp+qkSY S 4*+\bWS,mYD Z

5:D 1Yd dhSW SadaH nS ob\ +mWS dh1ZSqH 5;D /1 dhSW SadaH \h1Yd \Z Z1 3*W1W ,`1Y1ZS S aSW Z* b\E hb\+m dhSbn /`d-SfH 5<D *VS1 V*h1ab,* Sada* `Sab* Z`*,qbaq ,*Y +\Wnj1 ,a1-\H

â&#x20AC;¢ H

8;

+mW /\+`mY S \bV`mbmY V \+k1ZSpD Ë&#x2122;*31 /1bS bqZdO WSan V Z1Yd L *`V* 5>B57P5:MD Z \bZ\aSWaq V\ ,a1Y +14 ]`1/d+13/1ZSq S Z1Z*,S/1W ,4qb\hZSh1ab,\ S Wp+dp Z1a]`*,1/WS,\abn L *be1q 65B56E 57MD \ ,`1O Y1Z* Sada* V 31ZkSZ*Y \bZ\aSWSan Z1d,*3Sb1WnO Z\E , \+k1ab,1 d ZSf +mW\ Y*W\ ]`*,D \ Sada g1ZSW 31ZkSZE \Z d,*3*W Sf /\ab\SZab,\ L \*ZZ* 8B=E 6;MD *V31 Sada +mW \h1Zn aYS`1ZZmYD /Z*3/m \Z ,mO YmW Z\-S *]\ab\W*Y P a/1W*W b\E hb\ \+mhZ\ /1W*WS aWd-S L \*ZZ* 57B6P9E 56P5;MD

5= Sada ]\ZSY*WE , h1Y Wp/S Zd3/*pbaqE S \h1Zn f\b1W SY ]\Y\hnD + ob\Y -\,\`SWS 1-\ hd/1a*E V\b\O `m1 \Z a\,1`j*W aSW\y \-* L *be1q 58B58MD \b \/SZ

aWdh*yD /Z*3/m V Sadad ]\/\j1W ]`\V*31ZZmy S aV*4*WB wË&#x161;aWS bm b\WnV\ 4*f\h1jnE bm aY\31jn Y1Zq \hSabSbnxD Sadad +mW\ +\WnZ\ ,S/1bnE V*V YdhSbaq ob\b h1W\,1VE \Z ]\3*W1W 1-\ S 4*f\b1W 1Yd ]\Y\hnD

Sada ]`\bqZdW V Z1Yd `dVdE /\b`\ZdWaq /\ Z1-\ S

aV*4*WB w \hdD hSabSanxD , ob\b Y\Y1Zb ]`\V*31ZO Zmy ab*W 4/\`\,I L *`V* 5B8>P86MD \WnV\ ]`1/ab*,nO b1E V*V \Z `*/\,*WaqI

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

6>

Sada ]\/*W a*Ymy WdhjSy ]`SY1` ]\aWdO j*ZSq \-dD Wp+mf \+ab\qb1Wnab,*f P /*31 ab\WO VZd,jSan a ]`\bS,\/1yab,S1YE \Z \ab*,*Waq ,1`ZmY bgdD Sada Z1 a\-`1jSWE V\-/* 1-\ SaVdj*W *b*O Z* L *be1q 8B5P55MD *V31 \Z ]`\/\W3*W Sa]\WZqbn 5=D *V\y aWdh*y ]\V*4m,*1bE hb\ Sada ]\ZSY*WE , h1Y Wp/S Zd3/*O pbaqE S hb\ \Z f\b1W SY ]\Y\hnH 6>E 65D \h1Yd Y\3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ Sada ]\/*W a*Ymy WdhjSy ]`SO Y1` ]\aWdj*ZSq \-dH

Sada `Sab\a ]`\]\,1/\,*W ,14/1E -/1 ,ab`1h*W Wp/1y

4*/*ZS1 \-*E f\bq +WS4VS1 1Yd Wp/SE 1-\ `\/ab,1ZO ZSVSE Z1 ,1`SWSE hb\ \Z 1aaSqE S /*31 -\,\`SWSE

hb\ w\Z a\j1W a dY*x L *`V* 7B65MD Sada Z1 ]`1/*W \-* S b\-/*E V\-/* ,`*-S 31ab\V\ S4/1,*WSan Z*/ ZSYEP \Z Z1 ab*W SY YabSbn L5 1b`* 6B65P67MD 65

Sada \ab*Waq ,1`ZmY S ]1`1/ WSg\Y aY1`bSE f\O bq ob\ +mW* 31ab\V*q S YdhSb1WnZ*q aY1`bnD L `\O hSb*yb1 SWS]]Syg*Y 6B<DM \WnV\ ]`1/ab*,nb1E hb\ ]1`13SW Sada , ]\aW1/ZSy /1Zn 3S4ZS Z* 41YO W1B *`1abE W\3Zm1 \+,SZ1ZSq , +\-\fdWnab,1E aY1`bO Zmy ]`S-\,\`E V\b\`my ,mZ1aWS ]`\/*3Zm1 ad/nSE Z*aY1jVS b\W]mE S4/1,*b1Wnab,* `SYaVSf ,\SZ\, S , V\Zg1 V*4Zn P 1-\ ]`S-,\4/SWS V ab\W+dD YS`*qE

8=

`Sab\a aV*4*WB w ,1`jSW\anIx L \*ZZ* 5=B7>MD * b`1bSy /1Zn ]\aW1 1-\ aY1`bS 1-\,* ,\aV`1aSW 1-\D Z /*W 1Yd /df\,Z\1 b1W\ L5 1b`* 7B5<MD 1O `14 Z1aV\WnV\ Z1/1Wn Sada ,1`ZdWaq Z* Z1+\ S wa1W ]\ ]`*,dp `dVd \b \-*xE \3S/*q ,`1Y1ZSE V\-/* \ a/1W*1b 1-\ *`1Y LË&#x161;,`1qY 5>B56E 57MD 66

W*-\/*`q b\Yd hb\ Sada \ab*Waq ,1`ZmY bgdE d Z*a ]\q,SW*an ,\4Y\3Z\abn 3Sbn ,1hZ\ , `*p Z* 41YW1D 'b\ SY1ZZ\ b\E hb\ 1-\,* f\b1W a/1W*bn /Wq Wp/1yD 4 aW1/dpk1y -W*,m Ym d4Z*1YE V*V Z*j* Z*O /13/* Z* ,1hZdp 3S4Zn a,q4*Z* a\ aY1`bnp `Sab*D 66D b\ ab*W\ ,\4Y\3ZmY +W*-\/*`q b\YdE hb\ Sada \ab*Waq ,1`ZmY bgdH

P Ë&#x161; ) w m P `Sab\ax L *be1q 5:B5:MD

bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ Sada +mW 1aaS1yH *be1q 7B5:E 5;C

\*ZZ* 5B76P78 1-\,* a*Y aV*4*WE hb\ Sada P 1aaSqD

Sf1y 9B6C *be1q 6B5E 7P= a1 ]`\`\h1ab,* \ 1aaSS Sa]\WZSWSan Z* Sada1 `Sab1D

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x203A;Ë&#x161; ( % Ë&#x161;

w) a\j1W a Z1+*x L \*ZZ* :B7<MD

1Y Sada 4*ZSY*Waq Z* Z1+1H \W\aaqZ*Y 5B59E 5: 1-\,* a\4/*W Sada* a*YmY ]1`,mYD Z ,4qW 1-\ , ]\Y\kO

ZSVSE V\-/* a\4/*,*W ,a1 \ab*WnZ\1D Sada dhSWaq d a,\1-\ bg* Z* ]`\bq31ZSS YSWWS*`/\, W1bD

dVS 5B7>P79 1-\,* ]\aW*W Sada* Z* 41YWpD

95

( (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢ w dabn /1bS ]`Sf\/qb V\ YZ1x L *`V* 5>B58MD

*VS1 V*h1ab,* Sada* `Sab* ,*Y \a\+1ZZ\ Z`*,qbaqH *`V* 5>B57P5: Z +mW /\+`mYE S a ZSY +mW\ ]`SqbZ\ \+k*bnaqD

\*ZZ* 8B=E 6; Sada g1ZSW 31ZkSZE \Z d,*O 3*W Sf /\ab\SZab,\D

\*ZZ* 57B6P9E 56P5; Sada +mW aYS`1ZZmYD *be1q =B79E 7:C *`V* 5B8>P86 Sada f\b1W ]\Y\-*bn Wp/qYD

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122; )Ë&#x161;

( w)DDD 4*,1`jSW /1W\E V\b\`\1 bm ]\`dhSW YZ1 ,m]\WZSbnx L \*ZZ* 5;B8MD

*V ]`SY1` Sada* `Sab* ]\Y\-*1b Z*Y +mbn ,1`ZmYS \-dH *be1q 8B5P55 Sada Z1 ]`1/*W \-*E V\-/* 1-\ SaVdj*W Ë&#x2122;nq,\WD *`V* 7B65 Sada Z1 ]1`1ab*,*W Sa]\WO Zqbn ,\Wp \-* /*31 b\-/*E V\-/* 1-\ `\/ab,1ZZSVS Z*aY1f*WSan Z*/ ZSYD 5 1b`* 6B65P67 Sada ZSV\-/* Z1 YabSW a,\SY ,`*-*YD

SWS]]Syg*Y 6B< Sada \ab*Waq ,1`ZmY \-d /\ a*Y\y aY1`bSD Ë&#x161;,`1qY 5>B56E 57C 5 1b`* 7B5< 1-\,* ,\aV`1aSW Sada* V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1D

9

% P Ë&#x161; %â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x2122;

â&#x20AC;¢ S4 ]\/*`V\, ,m +m Z*4,*WS a*YmY WdhjSYH V\`11 ,a1-\E b\bE V\b\`my /\ab*,SW ,*Y `*/\abn S \V*4*Waq /1yab,Sb1WnZ\ Zd3ZmYD `S ob\Y \Z Z1\+qO 4*b1WnZ\ +mW a*YmY /\`\-SY ]\ g1Z1D 6

\- ]\/*`SW Z*Y YZ\-\ ]\/*`V\,D \ \/SZ S4 ZSf

+mW \a\+1ZZmYE ]\b\Yd hb\ , Z1Y Zd3/*W\an ,a1 h1O W\,1h1ab,\D ob\y -W*,1 +d/1b `*aaV*4*Z\ \ b\YE V*V

1-\,* ]\aW*W Z* 41YWp a,\1-\ mZ*E Sada* `Sab*E S V*V b\b \b/*W a,\p 3S4Zn , V*h1ab,1 ,mVd]* 4* WpO /1yE hb\+m d ZSf ]\q,SW*an ,\4Y\3Z\abn 3Sbn ,1hZ\D

L `\hSb*yb1 *be1q 6>B6<DM 1-\,* ]\j1W Z* ob\ `*/S Z*a P b1Y a*YmY \Z /\V*4*W a,\p Wp+\,n V Z*YD

Ë&#x161; % H 7

mVd] P ob\ g1Z*E V\b\`dp 1-\,* 4*]W*bSW 4* b\E hb\+m \a,\+\/Sbn Wp/1y \b -`1f* S aY1`bS L'e1aqO Z*Y 5B;MD b\+m ]\ZqbnE ]\h1Yd Z*a Zd3Z\ +mW\ ,mVdO ]SbnE /*,*yb1 `*aaY\b`SYE hb\ ]`\S4\jW\ Z1aV\WnV\ bmaqh1W1bSy Z*4*/ , a*/d '/1Y1D *jS ]`1/VSE /*Y S Ë&#x161;,*E a\-`1jSWSD 4O4* ob\-\ \ZS dY1`WSD 1]1`n ,a1 Wp/S b\31 dYS`*pbE ]\b\Yd hb\ SY ]\ Z*aW1/ab,d ]1O

`1/*1baq Z1a\,1`j1Zab,\D L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 =DM 5E 6D *M *V\y ]\/*`\V ,m +m Z*4,*WS a*YmY WdhjSYH +M \h1Yd ,mO Vd] Y\3Z\ Z*4,*bn a*YmY g1ZZmY ]\/*`V\Y \b \-*H 7D \h1Yd Wp/S dYS`*pbH

% P Ë&#x161; %â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x2122;

97

8

1`,\-\ h1W\,1V*E /*Y*E 1-\,* a\4/*W a\,1`O j1ZZmYD Z1-\ +mWS a\,1`j1ZZm1 dY S b1W\D Z ZSO V\-/* +m Z1 4*+\W1WE Z1 a\ab*`SWaq S Z1 dY1` +mD 1O -\,* +mW /Wq /*Y* \bg\YE ,1/n \Z a\4/*W 1-\ L dVS 7B7<MD ZS h*ab\ \+k*WSan /`d- a /`d-\YD /*Y qaZ\ ]\ZSY*WE h1-\ \- \3S/*1b \b Z1-\D 1-\,* ]\`dhSW /*Yd SZb1`1aZ\1 4*/*ZS1 L mbS1 5B6<P7>C 6B5:E 5;MD 9

/*Y +mW a\4/*Z w]\ \+`*4d \-*x L mbS1 5B6;MD 1-\,* ,W\3SW , Z1-\ V*h1ab,*E V\b\`mYS a*Y \+W*O /*WB a`1/S ZSf Wp+\,nE Yd/`\abnE a]`*,1/WS,\abn S aSW*D Z /*W 1Yd a,\+\/d ,\WS P /*Y Y\- a*Y ,mO +`*bnE V*V ]\abd]*bnB ]`*,SWnZ\ SWS Z1bD \- Z1 a/1O W*W 1-\ `\+\b\YD Ë&#x161;aWS +m /*Y `1jSW aWdj*bnaq \O -*E \Z Y\- +m 3Sbn , `*p ,1hZ\D : \ /*Y Z1 ]\aWdj*Waq \-* S 4* a,\1 Z1]\aWdO j*ZS1 \h1Zn /\`\-\ 4*]W*bSWB \Z ]\b1`qW +WS4Vdp /`d3+d a 1-\,\y S a\,1`j1ZZdp 3S4Zn , `*pD Sb\O -1 1-\ 3/*W* b\WnV\ aY1`bn L mbS1 7B5;P5=MD 1jS, Z1 aWdj*bnaq \-*E /*Y a Ë&#x161;,\y Z*,a1-/* WSjSWSan Z*O /13/m 3Sbn ,1hZ\D 4O4* Z1]\aWdj*ZSq /*Y* w-`1f

,\j1W , YS`E * h1`14 -`1f P aY1`bnE S b*VSY \+`*O 4\Y aY1`bn ]1`1jW* Z* ,a1f Wp/1yE ]\b\Yd hb\ ,a1 a\O -`1jSWSx L SYWqZ*Y 9B56MD \-`1jS,E /*YE \+`*4Z\ -\,\`qE ]`\/*W a1+q S Z*a , `*+ab,\ -`1f* S aY1`bS

L SYWqZ*Y ;B58MD \ \- Z*j1W ,mf\/D ;

b\ b*V\1 ,mVd]H mVd] P ob\ ]W*b*E V\b\`dp

8D b\ Ym 4Z*1Y S4 S+WSS \+ /*Y1H 9D V*V\Y aYmaW1 /*Y +mW a\4/*Z w]\ \+`*4d \-*xH :D b\ ]\b1`qW /*YE V\-/* Z1 ]\aWdj*Waq \-*H *V ob\ \b`*4SW\an Z* Z*j1y 3S4ZSH ;E <D b\ b*V\1 ,mVd]H

98

Ë&#x161; C )H

Zd3Z\ \b/*bnE hb\+m \a,\+\/Sbn V\-\Ob\ S4 `*+ab,* SWS ,1`Zdbn V*VdpOWS+\ ,1knD mVd] /\W31Z +mbn `*,ZmY ]\ ab\SY\abS b\YdE hb\ db`*h1Z\D <

SVb\ S4 Wp/1y Z1 Y\- +m ,mVd]Sbn b\E hb\ ]\b1O

`qW /*YE V\-/* a\-`1jSWD \ 1-\,* Z*j1W `1j1ZS1E V*V ,mVd]Sbn Z*a S4 `*+ab,* -`1f* S aY1`bSD Ë&#x2122;*,*yb1 d4Z*1YE V*V +mW d]W*h1Z ,mVd] S V*V \Z Y\31b ]\,WSO qbn Z* Z*jd 3S4ZnD

% Ë&#x161; % =

SVb\ S4 Z*a Z1 Y\31b ,mVd]SbnE SWS ,1`Zdbn \+O `*bZ\E a\,1`j1ZZdp 3S4ZnE V\b\`dp ]\b1`qW /*YD

\h1YdH \b\Yd hb\ Ym ,a1 Z1a\,1`j1ZZm L a*W\Y 8=B;E <MD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ ,mVd] /\W31Z +mbn wa\\b,1bab,dpkSYx L5 SY\e1p 6B:MD Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE ,mVdO ]\Y Y\-W* ab*bn b\WnV\ b\hZ\ b*V*q 31 3S4ZnE V*Vdp

]\b1`qW /*YD d3Z* +mW* 3S4Zn 1k1 \/Z\-\ a\,1`O j1ZZ\-\ h1W\,1V*D 5> b\ a/1W*W 1-\,*E hb\+m 4*]W*bSbn ,mVd]H 1O -\,* ]\aW*W Z* 41YWp a,\1-\ /\`\-\-\ mZ*E Sada* `Sab*E V\b\`my +mW 1-\ a*YmY ]1`,mY b,\`1ZS1Y L5 \*ZZ* 8B=E 5>MD Sada +mW -\b\, ]\VSZdbn a,\y /\Y Z* Z1+1 S `*aab*bnaq a bg\Y L SWS]]Syg*Y 6B;MD 1O

-\,* ]1`1Z1a 3S4Zn Sada* a Z1+* Z* 41YWpE S b\b `\O /SWaq Z* 41YW1 V*V h1W\,1VE b\WnV\ +14-`1jZmy L dO VS 5B79MD 55

\-/* /*Y Z1 ]\aWdj*Waq \-*E \Z WSjSW Z1 b\WnV\ a1+qE Z\ S ,a1f a,\Sf ]\b\YV\, ,\4Y\3Z\abS =D b\ Y\-W\ +m ab*bn ,mVd]\YH 5>D b\ a/1W*W 1-\,*E hb\+m 4*]W*bSbn ,mVd]H 55D \- WS Vb\OZS+d/n 4*]W*bSbn ,mVd] 4* ,a1f Wp/1yH

% P Ë&#x161; %â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x2122;

99

3Sbn ,1hZ\D \- WS Vb\OZS+d/n S4+*,Sbn \b aY1`O bS ,a1f ]\b\YV\, /*Y*H Ë&#x2122;*D L `\hSb*yb1 SYWqO Z*Y 9B5=DM 'b\ a/1W*W Sada `Sab\a P \Z \b/*W , V*O h1ab,1 ,mVd]* a,\p a\,1`j1ZZdp 3S4Zn L5 \`SZeqO Z*Y 59B89MD W*-\/*`q ob\Yd ,a1 ]\b\YVS /*Y* Y\-db +mbn S4+*,W1Zm \b aY1`bS L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B65E 66MD 56 S+WSS \]Sam,*1baqE hb\â&#x20AC;¹ ]1`13SW Sada `SO ab\a ]1`1/ aY1`bnpB 1-\ 31ab\V\ ,ma1VWS ]W1bnpE ]`S-,\4/SWS V ab\W+d S \ab*,SWS dYS`*bn L \*ZZ* 5=B5E 5:P5<E 7>MD \h1Yd Sada /\W31Z +mW b*V ab`*O /*bnH \b\Yd hb\ *b*Z* 4*q,SWE hb\ ZS \/SZ h1W\,1V Z1 \ab*Z1baq ]`1/*ZZmY \-dE 1aWS 1-\ ]\/,1`-Zdbn Sa]mb*ZSqYD Sada `Sab\a /\V*4*WE hb\ a\,1`j1ZO Zmy h1W\,1V Y\31b a\f`*ZSbn ]`1/*ZZ\abn \-dE /*O

31 1aWS ab\WVZ1baq a d3*aZmYS Sa]mb*ZSqYSD `1/O ab*,nb1E V*V 1-\,* -\`/SWaq Sada\YI L `SbhS 6;B55C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 59MD 57

\ V*VSY \+`*4\Y ,mVd] +mW d]W*h1ZH 58 ZSa*O Z* 77 -\/* ZD oD ]\ 1,`1yaV\Yd V*W1Z/*`p Sada +mW d+Sb LË&#x161;,`1qY 5>B5>MD * b`1bSy /1Zn ]\aW1 V*4ZS SadO a* 1-\,* ,\aV`1aSW 1-\E Z\ Z1 V*V h1W\,1V*E * V*V /dO f\,Zdp WShZ\abnD `S ob\Y 4* Sada\Y a\f`*ZSW\an ]`*,\ Z* a\,1`j1ZZdp h1W\,1h1aVdp 3S4Zn Z* 41YO W1D \-/* Sada ,1`ZdWaq Z* Z1+\ V bgdE \Z \b/*W ob\ ]`*,\ 1YdD *V ,mVd] +mW d]W*h1Z LË&#x161;,`1qY =B68MD 1-\O ,* ]`SZqW ,mVd]E S b1]1`n d ,a1f ]\b\YV\, /*Y* ]\O q,SW*an ,\4Y\3Z\abn \a,\+\/Sbnaq \b -`1f* S aY1`O bSD L `\hSb*yb1 SYWqZ*Y 7B67E 68DM 56D \h1Yd Sada `Sab\a /\W31Z +mW ]\ab`*/*bnH 57D *V +mW d]W*h1Z ,mVd]H

9:

˚ C )H

% ˝˚

) & " ˝ ˛ & m d4Z*WSE hb\ ,mVd] Y\3Z\ Z*4,*bn a*YmY g1ZO ZmY ]\/*`V\Y \b \-*D ˙*,*yb1 ]\aY\b`SYE V*V d]W*O b* ,mVd]* Y\31b ]\,WSqbn Z1 b\WnV\ Z* Z*jd a1-\/O ZqjZpp 3S4ZnE Z\ S Z* +d/dkdpD 59 `\k1ZS1 -`1f\,D mE Z*,1`Z\1E a\-W*aSb1anE

hb\ b`d/Z\ ,a1-/* S ,\ ,a1Y ]\abd]*bn ]`*,SWnZ\D

m ,a1 ,`1Yq \jS+*1YaqB Y\31Y aV*4*bn SWS a/1W*bn hb\Ob\ ]W\f\1 L \W\aaqZ*Y 5B57E 58MD *V 31 ]\WdhSbn ]`\k1ZS1 4* Z*jS \jS+VSH ˚aWS Ym SaV`1ZZ1 a\3*O W11Y \ b\YE hb\ ]\abd]SWS Z1]`*,SWnZ\E S aYS`1ZZ\ ]`\aSY 1-\,d \ ]`\k1ZSSE Ym Y\31Y +mbn d,1`1ZmE hb\ \Z ]`\abSb Z*jS -`1fS L5 \*ZZ* 5B<E =MD 5: Sab*q a\,1abnD \-/* Ym /1W*1Y hb\Ob\ Z1]`*O ,SWnZ\1E Z*a Z*hSZ*1b YdhSbn a\,1abnD m hd,ab,dO 1Y a1+q ,SZ\,*bmYSE /dY*1YE hb\ d31 ZSh1-\ Z1WnO

4q Sa]`*,SbnD \ ,a1 Z1 b*V ]W\f\D ˚aWS Ym dY\Wq1Y

1-\,d \ ]`\k1ZSSE Ym Y\31Y +mbn d,1`1ZmE hb\ \Z daWmjSb Z*a S ]`\abSb L˚,`1qY =B57E 58MD 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m Ym `*aaV*4m,*WS 1Yd \ a,\Sf b`d/Z\abqfE aW*O +\abqf S \jS+V*f L˚,`1qY 8B58P5:MD \abd]*q b*VE Ym Z1 ]\b1`q1Y YS` a \-\YD 5; */13/* Z* ,1hZdp 3S4ZnD w W*b* -`1f* P aY1`bnE * /*` \-* P ,1hZ*q 3S4Zn +W*-\/*`q `SO abd SadadE Z*j1Yd \a]\/dx L SYWqZ*Y :B67MD ˝1`O

b,* `Sab* /*1b Z*Y ,\4Y\3Z\abn 3Sbn ,1hZ\ S ZSO V\-/* Z1 +\W1bn L bV`\,1ZS1 65B7E 8MD \ hb\ Zd3Z\ /1O W*bnE hb\+m ]\WdhSbn obS +W*-\aW\,1ZSqH 58

58E 59D b\ Z*Y Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m ]\WdhSbn ]`\k1ZS1 -`1f\,H 5:D b\ Z*Y Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m a\,1abn +mW* hSab\yH 5;D *VS1 +W*-\aW\,1ZSq Y\3Z\ ]\WdhSbn +W*-\/*`q 31`b,1 `Sab*H

1-\,* \b/*W a,\1-\ /\`\-\-\ mZ* V*V ,mVd] 4* Z*a

9<

Ë&#x161; C )H

Ë&#x2122; % % Ë&#x203A; % H 5<

a]\YZSb1E hb\ ,m hd,ab,\,*WSE V\-/* Vb\Ob\ /*O `SW ,*Y ]\/*`\VD *V Ym d4Z*WSE a*Ymy g1ZZmy ]\/*O `\V P ob\ ,mVd]E S Z*Y aW1/d1b +mbn \h1Zn +W*-\/*`O ZmYS 1-\,1 4* Z1-\D \*ZZ* 7B5: 4*]Sa*Z\B w \- WpO +Sb YS` b*V aSWnZ\E hb\ \b/*W a,\1-\ 1/SZ\`\/Z\-\ mZ*xD 1-\,* \h1Zn Wp+Sb Z*aE S ]\ob\Yd \b/*W 4* Z*a a,\1-\ /\`\-\-\ mZ*E Sada* `Sab*D m 4Z*1YE hb\ Sada b\31 Z*a Wp+SbE ,1/n \Z a\-W*aSWaq dY1O `1bn 4* Z*a L \*ZZ* 59B57MD 1a\YZ1ZZ\E 4*]W*bS, ,mO Vd]E 1-\,* S Sada /\V*4*WSE hb\ Wp+qb Z*a L *W*b*Y 6B6>MD 5=

\Z1hZ\E Wp+\,n 1-\,m ]`\+d3/*1b , Z*a 31O W*ZS1 +mbn 1-\ /`d4nqYSD \ Z1,\4Y\3Z\ /`d3Sbn a V1YOb\E V\-\ Ym ]W\f\ 4Z*1YD \b ]\h1Yd , \*ZZ* 5;B7 -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Zd3Z\ d4Z*,*bn \+ 1-\,1D *VH

`\/\W3*yb1 S4dh*bn S+WSpD *j* Wp+\,n V 1-\,1 ab*Z1b aSWnZ11E ,*Y 4*f\h1baq `*/\,*bn 1-\ S a\ ,`1O Y1Z1Y ,m ab*Z1b1 1-\ /`d-\Y L5 \*ZZ* 9B7MD 6>

`\q,Wqyb1 ,1`d , SaVd]Sb1WnZdp 31`b,d Sada* `Sab*D S+WSS -\,\`SbaqB w `\q,WqpkSy ,1`d , mZ* SY11b ,1hZdp 3S4Znx L \*ZZ* 7B7:MD b\ \4Z*h*1b w]`\q,Wqbn ,1`dx , Sada* `Sab*H 'b\ \4Z*h*1b 3Sbn b*VE V*V Z*dhSW Sada L \*ZZ* 57B59MD 1/\ab*b\hZ\ ]`\ab\ -\,\`SbnE hb\ Ym ,1`SY , SadO

a*E Zd3Z\ 1k1 hb\Ob\ /1W*bnD w 1`* +14 /1W Y1`b,*xEP -\,\`Sbaq , *V\,* 6B6:D b\YE hb\ Ym ,1`SY , 31`O b,d `Sab*E aV*3db Z*jS /1W*D 5<D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ 1-\,* Wp+Sb Z*aH 5=E 6>D *M *V ab*bn /`d-\Y 1-\,mH +M *V Y\3Z\ ]\V*4*bnE hb\ Ym ,1`SY , SaVd]Sb1WnZdp 31`b,d `Sab*H

1Y +\Wnj1 Ym +d/1Y d4Z*,*bn \+ 1-\,1E b1Y +\W11 +WS4VSYS /`d4nqYS Ym +d/1Y ab*Z\,Sbnaq S b1Y aSWnZ11 +d/1Y 1-\ Wp+Sbn

65

`Sadbab,dyb1 Z* 1h1`1 ,\a]\YSZ*ZSq aY1`bS `Sab*D Sada ]\,1W1W Z*Y ,a]\YSZ*bn /1Zn 1-\ aY1`bSD *3/my -\/ , ob\b /1Zn Ym \bY1h*1Y 1O h1`p ,\a]\YSZ*ZSqE SWSE ]\O/`d-\YdE wd3SZ \a]\O /*x L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 55B6>C *be1q 6:B6:P6<MD Sada f\O b1WE hb\+m Ym ]\YZSWS \ b\YE hb\ \Z \b/*W a,\p a\,1`j1ZZdp 3S4Zn V*V ,mVd] 4* Z*aD Z aV*4*WB wË&#x2122;1O W*yb1 ob\ , ,\a]\YSZ*ZS1 \+\ YZ1xD L `\hSb*yb1 dVS 66B5=DM `Sadbab,dq Z* 1h1`1 ,\a]\YSZ*ZSqE Ym ]\V*4m,*1YE hb\ g1ZSY ,mVd] S ]`S4Z*b1WnZm 4* Wp+\,n 1-\,m S Sada* `Sab*D L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\O 31ZS1 5:DM 66

mVd] P ob\E Z1a\YZ1ZZ\E ,1WSh*yjSy ]\/*`\V

Wp/qY L6 \`SZeqZ*Y =B58E 59MD Z ]`SZ1a1b ]\Wn4d /*O

31 b1YE Vb\ a1yh*a Y1`b,D :Oy S ;Oy -W*,*f Ym d4Z*O 1YE V*V ob\ ,\4Y\3Z\D 65E 66D *M \h1Yd Z1\+f\/SY\ V*3/my -\/ ]`Sadbab,\,*bn Z* 1h1O `1 ,\a]\YSZ*ZSq aY1`bS `Sab*H +M b\ +d/1b \+ad3/*bnaq , :Oy S ;Oy -W*,*fH

˚ (˙ ˝˙ ( ) % ˚

w mZ h1W\,1h1aVSy ]`Sj1WDDD hb\+mDDD \b/*bn a,\p /djd V*V ,mVd] 4* YZ\-Sfx L *be1q 6>B6<MD

\h1Yd Ym Zd3/*1Yaq , ,mVd]1H mbS1 7B5;P5=

\-/* /*Y Z1 ]\aWdj*Waq \-*E \Z ]\b1`qW +WS4Vdp /`d3+d a \-\Y S a\,1`j1ZO Zdp 3S4Zn , `*pD

'e1aqZ*Y 5B; mVd] P ob\ g1Z*E V\b\`dp 1-\,* 4*]W*bSW 4* b\E hb\+m \a,\+\/Sbn Wp/1y \b -`1f* S aY1`bSD

SYWqZ*Y 9B56 b /*Y* Z*Y ,a1Y ]1`1/*O WSan -`1f S aY1`bnD

% ˛ ˚ w \- ]\aW*W , YS` a,\1-\ 1/SZ\`\/Z\-\ mZ*E hb\+m h1`14 Z1-\ Ym ]\WdhSWS 3S4Znx L5 \*ZZ* 8B=MD

b\ a/1W*W 1-\,*E hb\+m 4*]W*bSbn ,mVd]H a*W\Y 8=B;E < SVb\ S4 Z*a Z1 Y\31b ,mO Vd]SbnE SWS ,1`Zdbn \+`*bZ\E a\,1`j1ZZdp 3S4ZnE V\b\`dp ]\b1`qW /*YD dVS 5B79 1-\,* ]\aW*W Z* 41YWp a,\1O -\ /\`\-\-\ mZ*E S b\b `\/SWO aq V*V a\,1`j1ZZmy h1W\,1VD

SYWqZ*Y 7B67E 68C ˚,`1qY =B68 \aW1 ,\aV`1a1ZSq Sada `Sab\a ,1`ZdWaq Z* Z1+\ V 1-\,1 S \b/*W 1Yd , V*h1ab,1

,mVd]* a,\1 ]`*,\ Z* a\,1`O j1ZZdp h1W\,1h1aVdp 3S4Zn Z* 41YW1D

:5

% ˙ ˚

˚ ˙ ( ˙˚˝˙

w Z \b`1b ,aqVdp aW14d a Sf -W*4E S aY1`bS d31 Z1 +d/1bx L bV`\,1ZS1 65B8MD

*V ,mVd] Y\31b ]\,WSqbn Z* Z*jd 3S4ZnH 5 \*ZZ* 5B<E = m Y\31Y ]\WdhSbn ]`\k1ZS1 -`1f\,D

SYWqZ*Y :B67 Z*a ]\q,Wq1baq Z*/13/* 3Sbn ,1hZ\D

˚,`1qY =B57E 58 m Y\31Y \+`1abS hSabdp a\,1abnD

*W*b*Y 6B6> ˛*]W*bS, ,mVd]E 1-\,* S Sada /\V*4*WSE hb\ Wp+qb Z*aD

˝ % & ˙ % ˛ %

w \-DDD \b/*W a,\1-\ 1/SZ\`\/Z\-\ mZ*E hb\+m V*3/myE Vb\ ]`\q,Wq1b , Z1-\ ,1`dDDD SY1W ,1hZdp 3S4Znx L \*ZZ* 7B5:MD

*V Ym Y\31Y ]\V*4*bn \-dE hb\ +W*-\/*`Zm 1Yd 4* ,mVd]H

\*ZZ* 5;B7 m Y\31Y d4Z*,*bn \+ 1-\,1 S Sada1 `Sab1 S ]\/`*3*bn SYD dVS 66B5=

*3/my -\/ Ym Y\31Y ]`SadbO ab,\,*bn Z* 1h1`1 ,\a]\YSO Z*ZSq aY1`bS `Sab*D

\*ZZ* 7B7:C *V\,* 6B6: 1/\ab*b\hZ\ ]`\ab\ -\,\O `SbnE hb\ Ym ,1`SY , SadO a*EP Zd3Z\ /1W*YS /\V*4mO ,*bnE hb\ Ym 1-\ dh1ZSVSD

:

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; H

1abn \+1k*ZS1E hb\ Z*abd]Sb b*V\1 ,`1O YqE V\-/* waY1`bS d31 Z1 +d/1bx L bV`\,1ZS1 65B8MD *V Ym d4Z*WS S4 9Oy -W*,mE +W*-\/*`q b\Yd hb\ +mW d]W*h1Z ,mVd]E d Z*a 1abn ,\4Y\3Z\abn 3Sbn ,1hO Z\D \ ]\V* Wp/S dYS`*pb L'VVW14S*ab =B9MD 4Z*hSbE

\ab*1baq ,\]`\aB hb\ 31 ]`\Saf\/Sb a h1W\,1V\Y ]\aO W1 aY1`bSH 6 b,1b Z* ob\b ,\]`\a \a\+1ZZ\ ,\WZd1b b1fE Vb\ ]\b1`qW +WS4V\-\ h1W\,1V*D ZS Y\-db /dY*bnB w /1 \Z b1]1`nH S/Sb WS \Z Y1ZqH \31b WS \Z YZ1 ]\O Y\hnH ,S3d WS q 1-\ aZ\,*Hx 7 *4Zm1 `1WS-SS \b,1h*pb ]\O`*4Z\YdD /ZS dh*bE hb\ 1aWS h1W\,1V +mW f\`\jSYE b\ ]\aW1 aY1`bS \Z

]\y/1b Z* Z1+\E * 1aWS ]W\fSY P +d/1b YdhSbnaq , */dD Ë&#x2122;`d-S1 -\,\`qbE hb\ ]\aW1 aY1`bS h1W\,1V ab*Z\,Sbaq /df\Y S ]`\/\W3*1b -/1Ob\ 3Sbn ,Y1ab1 a dY1`jSYS ]`1/V*YSD b`1bnS ahSb*pbE hb\E V\-/* Vb\Ob\ dYS`*O 1bE 1-\ aZ*h*W* ad/qbE * ]\b\Y \Z `\3/*1baq aZ\,*E Z\ d31 V*V /`d-\y h1W\,1V SWS 3S,\bZ\1D 8 f\bq ]`1/ab*,W1ZSq \ aY1`bS , `*4Zmf `1WS-Sqf `*4WSh*pbaqE , \/Z\Y Sf YZ1ZSq a\,]*/*pbB V\-/* h1O W\,1V dYS`*1bE V*V*qOb\ 1-\ h*abn ]`\/\W3*1b 3SbnD \ b*V WS ob\H

5P7D *VS1 ,\]`\am \ aY1`bS 4*/*pb Wp/S S V*V Z* ZSf \b,1h*pb `*4Zm1 `1WS-SSH

8D h1Y a\,]*/*pb YZ1ZSq `*4Zmf `1WS-Sy , \bZ\j1ZSS aY1`bSH

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; H

:7

Ë&#x2122;

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; H 9

b,1b Z* ,\]`\aE hb\ ]`\Saf\/Sb ]\aW1 aY1`bSE 4Z*1b 1-\,*D Z aV*4*WE hb\E V\-/* h1W\,1V dYS`*1bE 1-\ 3S4Zn 4*V*ZhS,*1baqD Y1`bn P ob\ ]`\bS,\]\O W\3Z\abn 3S4ZSD \aW1 aY1`bS hd,ab,*E YmaWS S ,\aO ]\YSZ*ZSq h1W\,1V* Z1 ]`\/\W3*pb adk1ab,\,*bn

-/1Ob\ 1k11D \aW1 aY1`bS h1W\,1V +\Wnj1 Z1 Y\31b ,S/1bnE aWmj*bn SWS /dY*bnD

: *`n \W\Y\Z Z*]Sa*WB w 1`b,m1 ZSh1-\ Z1 4Z*O

pbxD 1`b,m1 Z1 Y\-db ZS Wp+SbnE ZS Z1Z*,S/1bnD

\aW1 aY1`bS Z1b wZS `*+\bmE ZS 4*YmaW\,E ZS 4Z*ZSqE ZS Yd/`\abSxD L `\hSb*yb1 'VVW14S*ab =B9E :E 5>DM

a*WY1 58:B8 aV*4*Z\E hb\ ,Y1ab1 a h1W\,1V\Y dYS`*O pb S 1-\ YmaWSD

Ë&#x161;

;

\-/* dY1` +WS4VSy /`d- Sada* *4*`nE Sada aV*O 4*W dh1ZSV*YB w *j /`d- *4*`n daZdWxD \ \Z Z1 SY1W , ,S/dE hb\ *4*`n \b/mf*1bE ,1/n 4*b1Y \Z ]`qY\ aV*O 4*WB w *4*`n dY1`x L \*ZZ* 55B55P58MD *V ,S/Z\E Sada a`*,ZSW aY1`bn a\ aZ\YD Z Z1 -\,\`SWE hb\ *4*`n

]\j1W Z* Z1+\ SWS hb\ \Z Z*f\/Sbaq -/1Ob\ a\ a,\SO YS dY1`jSYS `\/ab,1ZZSV*YSD *V31 \Z Z1 -\,\`SWE hb\ *4*`n YdhSbaq , */d SWS , V\-\Ob\ ]1`1`\/SWO aqD 1bE Sada aV*4*WE hb\E V\-/* *4*`n dY1`E \Z V*V +d/b\ V`1]V\ 4*aZdWD Y1`bn a`*,ZS,*1baq a\ aZ\Y S , /`d-Sf +S+W1yaVSf abSf*fD *]`SY1`E V\-/* d+SWS 1 1V\b\`m1 Wp/S ,1`qbE hb\ ]\aW1 aY1`bS h1W\,1V* 1-\ /dj* SWS /df ]`\/\W3*pb 3SbnD \W11 ]\/`\+Z\ \+ ob\Y -\,\`Sbaq ,

`SW\31ZSqf 5; S 5<D

9E :D b\ ]`\Saf\/SbE V\-/* h1W\,1V dYS`*1bH ;D b\ -\,\`SW \ aY1`bS Sada `Sab\aH

:8

Ë&#x161; )H

b1e*Z*E \ Z1Y +mW\ aV*4*Z\E hb\ w\Z daZdW aY1`bZmY aZ\Yx LË&#x2122;1qZSq ;B:>MD ]\ab\W *,1W Sa]\Wn4\,*W b*O V\1 31 a`*,Z1ZS1E 4*]Sa*,E hb\ Z1V\b\`m1 f`SabS*Z1 wdaZdWS aY1`bZmY aZ\Yx L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B:MD <

\4/*W WS \- /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,d b*VE hb\+m \ZS `*Z\ SWS ]\4/Z\ dY1`WSH 1bI 1-\,* a\4/*W Sf b*VE hb\+m \ZS 3SWS ,1hZ\ S ZSV\-/* Z1 +\W1WSD V*3/\-\ h1W\,1V*

1-\,* ,W\3SW 31W*ZS1 3Sbn ,1hZ\ L'VVW14S*ab 7B55MD

\/dY*yb1E `*4,1 f\b1W\an +m `\/Sb1WqY d,S/1bnE V*V Sf /1bS a\ab*`qbaq S dY`dbH \Z1hZ\ Z1bD *j \4/*O <D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ 1-\,* Z1 f\b1WE hb\+m Wp/S dYS`*WSH

1-\,* a\4/*W Wp/1yE hb\+m \ZS 3SWS Z* 41YW1 ,1hZ\

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; H

:9

b1Wn b\31 Z1 f\h1bE hb\+m Ym dYS`*WSD \-/* ]\h1Yd Wp/S dYS`*pbH

Ë&#x161; (Ë&#x2122;

( H =

\a1WS, /*Y* a Ë&#x161;,\y , '/1YaV\Y a*/dE 1-\,* ]\O ,1W1W /*YdB w m Y\31jn /\amb* 1abn a\ ,a1f /1`1O ,n1, , a*/dD \ Z1 1jn a /1`1,* ]\4Z*ZSq /\+`* S 4W*E ]\b\Yd hb\ , /1ZnE , V\b\`my al1jn a Z1-\E Z1]`1Y1ZO

Z\ dY`1jnx L mbS1 6B=E 5:E 5;MD Ë&#x2122;*, ob\ ]\,1W1ZS1E 1-\O ,* ]\V*4*WE hb\ b\WnV\ \Z Y\31b `1j*bnE hb\ ahSb*bn /\+`\YE * hb\ P 4W\YD Sa]\WZqbn 1-\ +mW\ Z1b`d/Z\D Ë&#x161;aWS +m Wp/S ]\aWdj*WSanE \ZS ]`\q,SWS +m d,*31O ZS1 V ,W*abS 1-\,mD *V31 Sf ]\aWdj*ZS1 -\,\`SW\

+m \ b\YE hb\ \ZS g1Zqb ,a1E hb\ \- /Wq ZSf a/1W*WD 5> a\3*W1ZSpE /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* Z1 ]\aWdj*WSan 1-\,dD \-/* *b*Z* a]`\aSW Ë&#x161;,dB wË&#x2122;1yab,Sb1WnZ\ WS \- aV*O 4*WE hb\ ,*Y Z1Wn4q 1abn a\ ,a1f /1`1,n1, , a*/dHx P \Z* \b,1bSW*B w W\/m a /1`1,n1, a*/* Ym Y\31Y 1abnD \ \ ]W\/*f /1`1,*E V\b\`\1 ]\a`1/S a*/*E \- aV*4*WB t 1 1jnb1 a Z1-\ S Z1 ]`SV*a*yb1an V Z1YdE hb\+m ,*Y Z1 dY1`1bnrx L mbS1 7B5P7MD

55 *b*Z* ]`\/\W3SWB w 1bE ,m Z1 dY`1b1D b\Yd 31 \- 4Z*1bE hb\ , b\b /1ZnE V\-/* ,m al1/Sb1 a Z1-\E ,*jS -W*4* \bV`\pbaq S ,m ab*Z1b1 V*V \-E 4Z*pkSO YS /\+`\ S 4W\x L mbS1 7B8P:MD *b*Z* f\b1W d+1/Sbn Ë&#x161;,d , b\YE hb\ \Z* a*Y* Y\31b `1j*bnE hb\ /\+`\E *

hb\ 4W\D `S ob\Y \Z \+Y*ZdW 11B \Z aV*4*WE hb\ \Z*

Z1 dY`1bE 1aWS Z1 ]\aWdj*1baq \-*D Ë&#x161;,* ,4qW* ]W\/ S

=D \h1Yd 1-\,* /*W /*Yd S Ë&#x161;,1 ]\,1W1ZS1 S +mW\ WS b`d/Z\ 1-\ Sa]\WZqbnH 5>E 55D *M *Vdp W\3n *b*Z* aV*4*W /*Yd S Ë&#x161;,1H +M \h1Yd ]\abd]O Vd /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,m Z1b \]`*,/*ZSqH

::

Ë&#x161; )H

ab*W* 1abnE * ]\b\Y /*W* Yd3dE S \Z b\31 ]\1WD /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* 4Z*WSE hb\ Z1Wn4q 1abn ]W\/m a ob\-\ /1`1,*D \

,a1 `*,Z\ al1WSD *V\1 Z1d,*31ZS1 V Wp+qk1Yd bgdI *V \ZS Z*Y1`1ZZ\ Z1 ]\aWdj*WSan ]\ZqbZ\-\ S Z1O b`d/Z\-\ dV*4*ZSq \-*D f ]\abd]Vd Z1b \]`*,/*ZSqI 56

*V 3*WnE hb\ Z*jS ]`*`\/Sb1WS ]`\q,SWS b*V\1 Z1d,*31ZS1D b\ +m ,m ]\hd,ab,\,*WSE 1aWS +m ,*jS amZ S /\hnE \ V\b\`mf ,m b*V 4*+\bSWSanE ]1`1ab*WS ,*a aWdj*bnaq S Z*Y1`1ZZ\ ]\jWS ]`\bS, ,*jSf b`1O +\,*ZSyH 1a\YZ1ZZ\E ,*Y +mW\ +m +\WnZ\D 57

4O4* Z1]\aWdj*ZSq /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* ]\b1`qWS ,\4O Y\3Z\abn 3Sbn ,1hZ\D 1-\,* aV*4*W /*YdB w 1/n bm 41YZ*q ]mWn S , ]mWn ,\4,`*bSjnaqxD L `\hSb*yb1 mbS1 7B5=DM 'b\ \4Z*h*W\E hb\ /*Y* Z1 ab*Z1b P V*V +d/b\ 1-\ ZSV\-/* S Z1 +mW\ L mbS1 6B;MD b*VE a\-`1O jS,E /*Y dY1` S ]1`1ab*W adk1ab,\,*bnD 58

Ë&#x161;aWS +m /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* ]\aWdj*WSan \-*E \ZS /\ aSf ]\` +mWS +m 3S,mD \ \ZS Z1 ]\O aWdj*WSanD ZS a\-`1O jSWS S , Sb\-1 dY1`WSD `1f Y\3Z\ a`*,ZSbn a\ ab`*jZmY Z*aW1/O ab,1ZZmY 4*+\W1,*ZSO 56D *VS1 hd,ab,* ,m4,*W\ d 1-\,m Z1]\aWdj*ZS1 /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,mH 57D b\ SY1W , ,S/d 1-\,*E V\-/* aV*4*W /*YdE hb\ b\b ,\4,`*bSbaq , ]mWnH 58D \h1Yd Wp/S dYS`*pbH

/*Y +mW a\4/*Z S4 ]mWS S , ]mWn ,\4,`*bSWaq

˙ ˚ ˚ ˚ ˚ H

:;

1YE V\b\`\1 ]1`1/*1baq Wp/qY \b /*Y* a ˚,\yE ]`*`\O /Sb1W1y h1W\,1h1ab,*D a1 Wp/S `\3/*pbaq -`1jZmO YS S ]\ob\Yd `*Z\ SWS ]\4/Z\ dY`db L SYWqZ*Y 9B56MD \ ob\ Z1 ,f\/SW\ , 4*Yma1W \-*D \- ZSV\-/* Z1 f\O b1WE hb\+m Wp/S dYS`*WSD 1d/S,Sb1WnZ\E hb\ S+WSq Z*4m,*1b aY1`bn ,`*-\Y L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B6:MD

˛ ˚ ˝ ˛ & ˙ ˚

59

˚aWS Ym 4Z*1Y ]`*,/d \ aY1`bSE Ym +14 b`d/* `*4O

+1`1YaqE V*VS1 dh1ZSq \ Y1`b,mf Z1]`*,SWnZm1D S+O WSq dhSbE hb\ dY1`jS1 Z1 hd,ab,dpb ZS eS4Sh1aV\yE ZS oY\gS\Z*WnZ\y +\WSD m Z1 Y\31Y `*4-\,*`S,*bn a ZSO YSE * \ZS Z1 Y\-db `*4-\,*`S,*bn a Z*YSD m Z1 Y\O 31Y ]\Y\hn SYE * \ZS Z1 Y\-db ]\Y\hn Z*YD *,`1/Sbn

\ZS b\31 Z1 Y\-dbE 4Z*hSbE Z1 ab\Sb Sf +\qbnaqD ,a1 31 YZ\-S1 `1WS-SS dh*b \+`*bZ\YdD ZS db,1`3/*pbE

hb\ a\ aY1`bnp 3S4Zn Z1 4*V*ZhS,*1baq S hb\ Y1`b,mY Y\3Z\ ]\Y\hnE 4*]W*bS, /1Zn-SE Z*]`SY1`E a,qk1ZZSO VdD \E 1aWS Ym 4Z*1Y ]`*,/d \ aY1`bSE Z*a Z1 \+Y*ZdbnD

5: b\+m 4*ab*,Sbn Wp/1y /dY*bnE hb\ Y1`b,m1 ]`\O /\W3*pb 3SbnE *b*Z* ]\Wn4d1baq W\3ZmYS `1WS-SqO YSD *]`SY1`E , Z1V\b\`mf `1WS-Sqf -\,\`qbE hb\ ]\aO W1 aY1`bS V*V*qOb\ h*abn h1W\,1V* ]`\/\W3*1b -/1Ob\

3SbnD hb\ \ Y1`b,mf -\,\`qb , ,*j1y `1WS-SSB b\ 31E hb\ 4*]Sa*Z\ , S+WSSE SWS hb\Ob\ /`d-\1H 1 4*O +m,*yb1B *b*Z* h*ab\ Sa]\Wn4d1b W\3nE hb\+m \b,1O abS Wp/1y \b 1-\,mD

5; h1ZSq YZ\-Sf `1WS-Sy \ a\ab\qZSS Y1`b,mfE ]`S,\/qb , d3*aB Z*]`SY1`E dh1ZS1 \ b\YE hb\ ]W\fS1 59D \h1Yd ,*3Z\ 4Z*bn ]`*,/d \ aY1`bSH

5:D b\ \ Y1`b,mf -\,\`qb , `*4Zmf `1WS-SqfH 5;D \h1Yd dh1ZS1 \ b\YE hb\ Wp/S -\`qb , */dE \aV\`+Wq1b 1-\,dH

:<

Ë&#x161; )H

Wp/S ]\aW1 aY1`bS ,1hZ\ -\`qb , */dD 'b* W\3n \aV\`+Wq1b 1-\,dD Z ZSV\-/* Z1 ab*W +m b*V S4/1O ,*bnaq Z*/ Wp/nYSI L `\hSb*yb1 5 \*ZZ* 8B<DM b\ +m ,m ]\/dY*WS \ h1W\,1V1E V\b\`my Z*V*4m,*1b a,\1O

-\ `1+1ZV*E /1`3* 1-\ `dVS Z*/ \-Z1YH w *V*q 31ab\O V\abnI ) Z1 f\hd SY1bn ZSh1-\ \+k1-\ a obSY h1W\,1O V\YxD Y1ZZ\ ob\-\ S /\+S,*1baq *b*Z* P 1aWS Ym +dO /1Y /dY*bnE hb\ \- 31ab\VSyE Ym Z1 4*f\bSY a ZSY /`d3SbnD 5< Ë&#x2122;`d-S1 `1WS-SS dh*bE hb\ ]\aW1 aY1`bS Wp/S ]`1O ,`*k*pbaq , /df\,E ]\ob\Yd Sf Zd3Z\ ]\hSb*bn S ab*O `*bnaq Z1 `*aa1`/SbnE ,1/n obS /dfS Y\-db ab*bn WS+\ 4*kSbZSV*YSE WS+\ ,`*-*YSD a\3*W1ZSpE ob\y W3S ,1`qb YZ\-S1 Wp/SD ZS /*31 ]\VW\Zqpbaq obSY

/df*Y V*V \-dD \E V*V Ym d31 d4Z*WSE Y1`b,m1 ZSO h1-\ Z1 hd,ab,dpbE 4Z*hSbE Z1 ab\Sb +\qbnaqE hb\ Ym Sf \-\`hSYD `\Y1 b\-\E Z*j1-\ ]\VW\Z1ZSq /\ab\SZ b\WnV\ 1-\,*E ,1/n \Z P SabSZZmy \- S \4/*b1Wn ,a1-\ L bV`\,1ZS1 8B55MD 5= Ë&#x161;aWS Ym 4Z*1Y ]`*,/d \ aY1`bSE Ym Z1 ]\,1`SY W3SE V\b\`\y dh*b W\3Zm1 `1WS-SSD `\Y1 b\-\E Ym

1k1 +\Wnj1 +d/1Y g1ZSbn Z1V\b\`m1 S4 \+1k*ZSy 1O -\,m , \bZ\j1ZSS Z*j1-\ +d/dk1-\D 6> Z\-\ ab\W1bSy Z*4*/ \/SZ \3Sy aWd3Sb1WnE V\O

b\`\-\ 4,*WS \,E a]`\aSWB wË&#x161;aWS dY`1b h1W\,1VE aY\O 31b WS \Z aZ\,* 3SbnHx L \, 58B58MD , a*Y\Y /1W1E ,\4O Y\3Z\ WSE hb\+m dY1`jS1 aZ\,* ab*WS 3SbnH \E hb\ -\,\`Sbaq \+ ob\Y , S+WSSE Y\31b ,*a \h1Zn d/S,SbnD aW1/dpk1y -W*,1 ,m d4Z*1b1 \b,1b Z* ob\b ,\]`\aD

5<D \h1Yd Z1 ab\Sb +\qbnaq Y1`b,mfH 5=D Ë&#x203A;*h1Y 4Z*bn ]`*,/d \ aY1`bSH

6>D h1Y Ym d4Z*1Y S4 aW1/dpk1y -W*,mH

˙ ˚ ˚ ˚ E ˚ ˝ ˛ & ˛ ˚ ) w˝S,m1 4Z*pbE hb\ \ZS dY`dbx L'VVW14S*ab =B9MD

b\ ]`\Saf\/Sb ]\aW1 aY1`bSH a*W\Y 58:B7E 8C 'VVW14S*ab =B:E 5> \aW1 aY1`bS h1W\,1V Z1 Y\O 31b ZS ,S/1bnE ZS aWmj*bnE ZS /dY*bnD

\*ZZ* 55B55P58 Sada a`*,ZSW aY1`bn a\ aZ\YD

˚ ˙ ˚ ˚ E

% (˙ w 1 1jn a /1`1,* ]\4Z*ZSq /\+`* S 4W*E ]\b\Yd hb\ , /1ZnE , V\b\`my al1jn a Z1-\E Z1]`1Y1ZZ\

dY`1jnx L mbS1 6B5;MD

\h1Yd Wp/S dYS`*pbH mbS1 7B5P: *b*Z* \+Y*ZdW ˚,dB \Z aV*O

4*WE hb\ \Z* Z1 dY`1bE 1aWS Z1 ]\aWdj*1baq \-*D /*Y S ˚,* a\-`1jSWS S , Sb\-1 dY1`WSD mbS1 7B5=

\-/* /*Y dY1`E \Z ]1`1ab*W adk1ab,\,*bnD

SYWqZ*Y 9B56 `1f ]\f\3 Z* ab`*jZ\1 Z*aW1/ab,1ZZ\1 4*+\W1,*ZS1E V\b\`\1 Ym ]\WdhSWS \b Z*O jSf ]`*`\/Sb1W1yD a1 Wp/S `\3/*pbaq -`1jZmYS S ]\oO b\Yd `*Z\ SWS ]\4/Z\ dY`dbD 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B6: S+WSq Z*4m,*1b aY1`bn ,`*-\YD

;>

˛ ˚ ˝ ˛ & ˙ ˚

w˚aWS dY`1b h1W\,1VE aY\31b WS \Z aZ\,*

3SbnH DDD) +d/d 3/*bnE ]\V* Z1 ]`S/1b Y\1 \a,\+\3/1ZS1x L \, 58B58MD

\h1Yd ,*3Z\ 4Z*bn ]`*,/d \ aY1`bSH 5 \*ZZ* 8B< h1ZS1 \+ \-Z1ZZ\Y */1 \aV\`+Wq1b 1-\,dD Z +m ZSV\-/* Z1 /\]dabSWE hb\+m Wp/S ,1hZ\ YdhSWSanE -\`q , \-Z1D

bV`\,1ZS1 8B55

Z\-S1 Wp/S +\qbaq Y1`b,mf S ]\ob\Yd ]\VW\Zqpbaq SYD /Z*V\ Z*j1-\ ]\VW\Z1ZSq /\ab\SZ b\WnV\ SabSZZmy \- 1-\,*D

;

)

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

H

Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122; & Ë&#x161;E hb\ ,*a ]`S-\,\`SWS V ]\3S4Z1ZO Z\Yd 4*VWph1ZSp 4* ]`1abd]W1ZS1E V\b\`\-\ ,m Z1 a\,1`j*WSD ,\b ,m aS/Sb1 , bp`nY1D */13/m Z* \a,\+\3/1ZS1 Z1bD m ]\ZSY*1b1E hb\ ZSh1-\ Z1 Y\O

31b1 S4Y1ZSbnD m , \bh*qZSSD \ ,/`d- ,m d4Z*1b1E hb\ 1abn Vb\Ob\E Vb\ Y\31b ,*a \a,\+\/SbnE S \Z ]\O \+1k*W a/1W*bn ob\D b\ ,m b\-/* ]\hd,ab,d1b1H 6 b*VSY ]\3S4Z1ZZmY 4*VWph1ZS1Y Y\3Z\ a`*,O ZSbn aY1`bnD b\ +m Ym ZS /1W*WSE Ym Z1 aY\31Y ,mybS Z* a,\+\/dD \ 1-\,* , aSW*f \a,\+\/Sbn Z*aD Z \+1k*1bE hb\ a\ aY1`bnp +d/1b ]\V\Zh1Z\ L5 \O `SZeqZ*Y 59B6:MD 7

*V\1 ah*abn1 Z1 +\qbnaq aY1`bSI 1-\,* \+1k*O 1b Z1 b\WnV\ S4+*,Sbn Z*a \b aY1`bSE Z\ S ,1`Zdbn V 3S4ZS b1fE Vb\ d31 dY1`D \- aV*4*WE hb\ dY1`jS1 +dO /db 3Sbn aZ\,* L a*Sq 6:B5=MD S+WSS ob\ Z*4m,*1bO aq ,\aV`1a1ZS1YD

Ë&#x2122; ( Ë&#x203A; Ë&#x161; *VS1 hd,ab,* ,m4m,*1b d Z*a aY1`bn +WS4V\O -\ /`d-* SWS V\-\Ob\ S4 `\/ZmfH SWnZdp +\Wn S -\O `1D m hd,ab,d1Y a1+q +1a]\Y\kZmYS P ,1/n ZSh1-\ 8

5P7D V*V\y wbp`nY1x Ym ,a1 Z*f\/SYaq S V*V 1-\,* Z*a \a,\+\O /SbH 8D *M b\ Y\31b ab*bn db1j1ZS1YE V\-/* Ym b1`q1Y V\-\Ob\ S4 +WS4O VSfH +M V1Y /`d3SW SadaH

;6

Ë&#x161; )H

Z1 Y\31Y a/1W*bnE hb\+m ,1`Zdbn +WS4V\-\ h1W\,1V* \+`*bZ\D \ S+WSq Y\31b Z*a db1jSbnD L `\hSb*yO b1 6 \`SZeqZ*Y 5B7E 8DM *aaY\b`SY \/SZ aWdh*yE V\b\`my ]\V*4m,*1bE hb\ 1-\,* S Sada `Sab\a \h1Zn f\bqbE hb\+m Z*jS +WS4VS1 +mWS 3S,mD \-/*

Sada +mW Z* 41YW1E \Z /`d3SW a *4*`1Y S 1-\ a1O ab`*YSE *`e\y S *`S1yD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\

w Sada Wp+SW *`edE 11 a1ab`d S *4*`qxD /Z*3/m *4*`n bq31W\ 4*+\W1W S dY1` L \*ZZ* 55B7P9MD

9 Sada ]\j1W V *`e1 S *`SSE hb\+m db1jSbn

SfD \-/* *`e* daWmj*W*E hb\ Sada S/1b V ZSYE \Z* ,mjW* 1-\ ,ab`1bSbnD \bq *`e* +mW* `*/* ,SO /1bn Sada*E \Z* aV*4*W* 1YdB wË&#x161;aWS +m bm +mW 4/1anE

Y\y +`*b Z1 dY1` +mxD Ë&#x161;y V*4*W\anE hb\ Sada ]`Sj1W

aWSjV\Y ]\4/Z\D \b\Y Sada d,S/1W 11 a1ab`dE *O `SpEP \Z* -\`nV\ ]W*V*W*D Sada ]`\ZSVaq Sf -\`1Y S b\31 4*]W*V*W L \*ZZ* 55B65E 77E 79MD Z ]\hd,ab,\O ,*W b*Vdp 31 +\WnE V*Vdp hd,ab,d1Y YmE V\-/* b1`qO 1Y V\-\Ob\ S4 +WS4VSfD :

*V 31 db1j*1b YmaWn \ b\YE hb\ Sada ]\ZSY*O 1b Z*jS hd,ab,*I , ob\Y \Z ]\f\3 Z* a,\1-\ bg* L \*ZZ* 58B=MD h1Zn aV\`\ 1-\,* ]\V\ZhSb a\ aY1`O bnp P d Z1-\ 1abn aSW* a/1W*bn ob\D

w Ë&#x203A; &E % Ë&#x2122; Ix

Sada ]\/\j1W V aVW1]dE -/1 +mW ]\f\`\Z1Z *O 4*`nD 'b\ +mW* ]1k1`*E ,f\/ , V\b\`dp +mW 4*V`mb ;

9E :D *M b\ ]\hd,ab,\,*W SadaE V\-/* d,S/1W ]W*hdkSf /`d41y *O

4*`q S 1-\ a1ab1`H +M \h1Yd Z*a db1j*1b `1*VgSq Sada* Z* aY1`bn 1-\ +WS4V\-\ /`d-*H ;E <D \h1Yd *`e* Z1 f\b1W*E hb\+m d+S`*WS V*Y1Zn \b ,f\/* , aVW1]H b\ a/1W*W SadaH

) Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; H

;7

+\WnjSY V*YZ1YD Z ]\]`\aSWB w +1`Sb1 V*Y1ZnxD \ *`e* +mW* ]`\bS,E ]\b\Yd hb\ b`d] Z*f\/SWaq , aVW1]1 d31 h1bm`1 /Zq L \*ZZ* 55B7=MD Z* Z1 4Z*W*E hb\ SY1ZZ\ a\+S`*Waq a/1W*bn SadaE hb\+m ]\Y\hn

11 dY1`j1Yd +`*bdD < \-/* V*Y1Zn ,a1 31 d+`*WSE Sada V`SVZdWB w *O 4*`nE ,mf\/SIx 4*b1Y ]`\S4\jW\ b\E h1-\ *`e* S *`Sq ZSV*V Z1 \3S/*WS P wh1W\,1VE V\b\`my +mW

Y1`b,E ,mj1WxD w \ Z\-*Y S `dV*Y \Z +mW \+Y\b*Z bV*Znpx L \*ZZ* 55B87E 88MD *4*`n +mW 3S, P Sada 1-\ ,\aV`1aSWI `1/ab*,nb1E V*V `*/\,*WSan 1-\ /`dO 4nq S `\/ab,1ZZSVSE hb\ \Z aZ\,* a ZSYSE hb\ \ZS Y\O -db aZ\,* 1-\ \+Zqbn S aZ\,* ]\-\,\`SbnD 'b\ +mW\ Z*ab\qk11 hd/\I

wË&#x2122;Ë&#x161; E

( Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;B &Ix =

bVd/* d Sada* `Sab* +mW* aSW* ,\aV`1j*bn Wp/1yH 1`1/ b1YE V*V ,\aV`1aSbn *4*`qE Sada ]\O Y\WSWaq 1-\,1D Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE aSW* ,\aV`1j*bn +mW* d Z1O -\ \b 1-\,mD L `\hSb*yb1 \*ZZ* 55B85E 86DM *O 4*`n +mW Z1 1/SZab,1ZZmYE V\-\ ,\aV`1aSWSD S+O WSS `*aaV*4m,*1baq \+ \/Z\y 56OW1bZ1y /1,\hV1E

V\b\`*q a1`n14Z\ 4*+\W1W*D Ë&#x161;1 \b1gE *S`E ]`Sj1W V

Sadad S ab*W dY\Wqbn 1-\ Sag1WSbn /\hnD Z* +mO

W* 1-\ 1/SZab,1ZZmY `1+1ZV\YD \ ,`1Yq ob\-\ `*4-\,\`* *S`d a\\+kSWSB w ,\q /\hn dY1`W*I Ë&#x203A;*O

h1Y 1k1 db`d3/*bn dhSb1WqHx \ Sada 4*,1`SW *O S`*B w 1 +\yaqE b\WnV\ ,1`nE S \Z* +d/1b a]*a1O Z*xD Ë&#x203A;*b1Y \ZS ,Y1ab1 ]\jWS , /\Y *S`*D V\W\ =E 5>D *M bVd/* d Sada* `Sab* +mW* aSW* ,\aV`1j*bn Wp/1yH +M Ë&#x203A;*h1Y , S+WSS +mW\ 4*]Sa*Z\ \ b\YE V*V V\-\Ob\ ,\aV`1j*WSH

;8

Ë&#x161; )H

/\Y* Sada ,ab`1bSW ]W*hdkSf Wp/1yD Z aV*4*W SYB w 1`1ab*Znb1 ]W*V*bnE ]\b\Yd hb\ \Z* Z1 dY1`W*E * a]SbxD V\`11 ,a1-\E `\/Sb1WS /1,\hVS Z1 /\ V\Zg* ]\ZSY*WSE hb\ Sada SY1W , ,S/dD Z ]\]`\aSW ,a1f ,mybS S4 /\Y*D Ë&#x203A;*b1Y Sada ,Y1ab1 a \bg\Y S Y*b1O

`np /1,\hVS ,\j1W , V\YZ*bdE -/1 \Z* W13*W*D 13O

Z\ ,4q, 11 4* `dVdE \Z aV*4*WB wË&#x2122;1,\hV*E -\,\`p b1+1B ,ab*ZnIx *V 31 +mWS ah*abWS,m `\/Sb1WSE V\-/* /1O ,\hV* ,ab*W* S Z*h*W* f\/SbnI *V Sada ,\aV`1aSW /\hn *S`* L *`V* 9B66P68E 79P86C dVS <B8=P9:MD 1O ]1`n V*3/my /1ZnE ,S/q a,\p /\hn 3S,\yE `\/Sb1WS ,a]\YSZ*WSE hb\ /Wq ZSf a/1W*W 1-\,*1D 5>

\Z1hZ\E ,a1E V\-\ Sada ,\aV`1aSWE `*Z\ SWS ]\4/Z\ dY1`WSD \ obS aWdh*S ]\V*4m,*pbE hb\ 1-\O ,* f\h1b ,\aV`1aSbn dY1`jSf S \+q4*b1WnZ\ ob\ a/1O W*1bD *V*q 4*Y1h*b1WnZ*q Z*/13/*I

Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x161; "

S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ wY1`b,m1 ZSh1-\ Z1 4Z*pbxD \ 31 a*Y\1 Y\3Z\ +mW\ aV*4*bn S \ *4*`1 L'VVW14S*ab =B9MD Ë&#x161;-\ aY1`bn +mW* ]\f\3* Z* a\Z L \O *ZZ* 55B55MD \V* *4*`n +mW , Y\-SW1E \Z wZSh1-\ Z1 4Z*WxD 56 ,S/1b1WqYS ,\aV`1a1ZSq *4*`q ab*WS YZ\-S1D 55

1 S+WSS 4*]Sa*Zm S /`d-S1 aWdh*SE V\-/* Vb\Ob\ ,\aV`1a*WD `1/S ,\aV`1ajSf +mWS Y\W\/m1 S ]\3SWm1E Yd3hSZm S 31ZO kSZmE S4`*SWnbqZ1 S Wp/S S4 /`d-Sf Z*`\/\,D + ob\Y ,m Y\31O b1 ]`\hSb*bn , 5 *`1y 5;B5;P68C 6 *`1y 8B76P7;C 57B6>E 65C *be1q 6<B9P;C dVS ;B55P5;C <B8>P9:C Ë&#x2122;1qZSq =B7:P86C 6>B;P56D

55D b\ -\,\`Sbaq , 'VVW14S*ab1 =B9 \ Y1`b,mf S V*V ob\ ]\Y\-*1b Z*Y ]\ZqbnE , V*V\Y a\ab\qZSS +mW *4*`nH 56D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ ,\aV`1a1ZS1 *4*`q Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 +mW\H

]\ab\W 1b` ,\aV`1aSW f`SabS*ZVd ]\ SY1ZS Ë&#x2122;\`V* LË&#x2122;1qZSq =B7:P86M Wnq ,\aV`1aSW amZ* ,/\,m L5 *`1y 5;B5;P68M

*V 31 `*/\,*WSan `\/Zm1 S /`d4nq *4*`qE

V\-/* \Z +mW ,\aV`1j1ZI L \*ZZ* 55B7<P88M

;:

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x2122;*31 ]`\bS,ZSVS Sada* ]\ZSY*WSE hb\ ob\ +mW\ hdO /\D *4*`n +mW aZ\,* 3S, P S ob\ /\V*4m,*W\E hb\ ,\aV`1a1ZS1 Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 ]`\S4\jW\ L \*ZO Z* 55B8;MD *4*`p ]`Sf\/SW\ YZ\-\ Wp/1yE V\b\`m1E d,S/1, 1-\ 3S,mYE Z*hSZ*WS ,1`SbnE hb\ Sada +mW ]\aW*Z \-\YD \Z1hZ\E ob\ Z1 Z`*,SW\an ]`\bS,ZSO V*YE S ]\ob\Yd \ZS 4*/dY*WS d+Sbn S Sada*E S *4*O `q L \*ZZ* 55B97C 56B=P55MD 57

Sada aV*4*WE hb\ w,a1 Z*f\/qkS1aq , ]*YqbZmf aVW1]*fx +d/db ,\aV`1j1Zm L \*ZZ* 9B6<MD 'b\ \4Z*O h*1bE hb\ ,a1E V\-\ ]\YZSb 1-\,*E aZ\,* +d/db 3SO ,mYSD \E hb\+m ,\aV`1aSbn V\-\Ob\E 1-\,* /\W31Z

]\YZSbn \+ obSf Wp/qf ,a1D \4Y\3Z\ WS ob\H Ë&#x2122;*,*yO b1 ]\/dY*1YD Z*j1y a1W1ZZ\y adk1ab,dpb YSWWSO

*`/m 4,14/D S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ 1-\,* 4Z*1b ]\ SY1ZS V*3/dp 4,14/dD L `\hSb*yb1 a*SS 8>B6:DM

Ë&#x161;aWS 1Yd Z1b`d/Z\ 4*]\YZSbn SY1Z* ,a1f 4,14/E Z1O

d31WS 1Yd b`d/Z\ 4*]\YZSbn ,a1 \ b1fE V\-\ \Z a\O +S`*1baq ,\aV`1aSbnHI \W11 b\-\E ]\aV\WnVd 1-\O ,* P \4/*b1WnE Y\3Z\ Z1 a\YZ1,*bnaqE hb\ \Z , aSO W*f ,\aV`1aSbn Wp/1yD 58

/SZ ]`1/*ZZmy \-d h1W\,1VE V\b\`\-\ 4,*O WS \,E ,1`SW , ,\aV`1a1ZS1D /Z*3/m \Z 4*/*W ,\O

]`\aB wË&#x161;aWS dY`1b h1W\,1VE aY\31b WS \Z aZ\,* 3SbnHx 4*b1YE \+`*bS,jSan V 1-\,1E aV*4*WB w m

]\4\,1jnE S q \b,1hd b1+1D m 4*b\aVd1jn ]\ /1Wd a,\Sf `dVxD *V ]\V*4m,*pb obS aW\,*E \, +mW d,1O

`1ZE hb\ 1-\,* a*Y a Z1b1`]1ZS1Y 3/1b b\-\ ,`1Y1O ZSE V\-/* +d/1b ,\aV`1j*bn dY1`jSf L \, 58B57P59MD 57D \h1Yd Ym Y\31Y +mbn d,1`1ZmE hb\ 1-\,* ,\aV`1aSb dY1`jSfH

58E 59D b\ Ym d4Z*1Y \ ,\aV`1a1ZSS S4 aW\, \,*H

) Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; H

;;

59

*VS1 hd,ab,* ,m4m,*1b d ,*a YmaWn \ ,\aV`1a1O ZSSH Ë&#x161;aWS ,m ]\b1`qWS V\-\Ob\ S4 +WS4VSfE ,*aE Z*O

,1`ZqV*E +1a]\V\SbE +d/1b WS \Z ,\aV`1j1ZD *V 31 db1jSb1WnZ\ 4Z*bnE hb\ 1-\,* \h1Zn f\h1bE hb\+m dY1`jS1 aZ\,* Y\-WS 3SbnD b1]1`n /*,*yb1 d4Z*O â&#x20AC;¹ 1YE hb\ , S+WSS -\,\`Sbaq \ b\YE Vb\ +d/1b ,\aV`1O

j1Z S -/1 \ZS +d/db 3SbnD

w %" Ë&#x161;

%â&#x20AC;¢Ë&#x2122; x 5:

p/SE V\b\`m1 V\-/*Ob\ +mWS ,\aV`1j1ZmE Y\-O

WS aZ\,* 3Sbn S `*/\,*bnaq \+k1ZSp a a1Yn1y S /`d4nqYSD , +d/dk1YH \WnV\ ]`1/ab*,nb1B d b1fE Vb\ +d/1b ,\aV`1j*bnaqE 1abn ,\4Y\3Z\abn ,\\+k1

Z1 dYS`*bnD f 3/1b a\,a1Y /`d-\y YS` P +14 ,\yZE ]`1abd]Z\abS S +\W14Z1yD

5; b\ +d/1b ,\aV`1j1ZH

Sada aV*4*WB w a1 Z*O f\/qkS1aq , ]*YqbZmf aVW1]*f daWmj*b 1-\ -\W\a S ,my/dbx L \*ZZ* 9B6<E 6=MD bV`\,1ZSS 6>B57 b*VO

31 4*]Sa*Z\B w \`1 \b/*W\ Y1`b,mfE +m,jSf , Z1YE

S aY1`bnE S -*/1a \b/*WS Y1`b,mfE +m,jSf , ZSfxD

b*VE ,\aV`1aZdb YSWWS*`/m Wp/1yD ]\ab\W *,1W aV*4*WE hb\ +d/db ,\aV`1j1Zm w]`*,1/Zm1 S Z1]`*O

,1/Zm1xD L `\hSb*yb1 Ë&#x2122;1qZSq 68B59DM V\Y S/1b `1hnH 5<

w]`*,1/ZmYx Y\3Z\ \bZ1abS ,1`Zmf aWd3SO b1W1y 1-\,mE V\b\`m1 3SWS /\ ]`Sf\/* SadO a* `Sab* Z* 41YWpD 'b\E Z*]`SY1`E \yE ,`**YE *``*E \Sa1yE den S 'aeS`nD /`d-Sf ,1`Zmf 5:D *V\y +d/1b 3S4Zn b1fE Vb\ ,\aV`1aZ1b Z* 41YW1H

5;D b\ +d/1b ,\aV`1j1ZH 5<D b\ b*VS1 w]`*,1/Zm1xH

;<

Ë&#x161; )H

aWd3Sb1Wqf Y\3Z\ d4Z*bn S4 55Oy -W*,m SanY* 1,`1O qYD a1 \ZS ]\aW1 ,\aV`1a1ZSq +d/db 3Sbn Z* 41YW1D Y\3Z\ WS Z*4,*bn w]`*,1/ZmYSx ,1`Zmf aWd3Sb1O W1y 1-\,mE V\b\`m1 dYS`*pb , Z*jS /ZSH Ë&#x2122;*E SE 4Z*O hSbE \ZS b\31 +d/db ,\aV`1j1ZmD

`*p ,\aV`1ajS1 aY\-db aZ\,* d,S/1bnaq a +WS4VSYS

) ˚ ˚ H

;=

5=

w 1]`*,1/Zm1x P ob\ YSWWS*`/m Wp/1yE V\b\O `m1 dY1`WSE Z1 SY1q ,\4Y\3Z\abS d4Z*bn \+ 1-\O ,1D 1-\,* Z1 4*+mW \ ZSfD Z ,\aV`1aSb SfE S b\-/*

d ZSf ]\q,Sbaq ,\4Y\3Z\abn d4Z*bn \ Z1Y S Z*h*bn aWd3Sbn 1YdD 6> d/db WS ,\aV`1j1Zm ,a1 dY1`jS1H 1bD Sada aV*4*WE hb\ ,\aV`1j*bnaq +d/db Z1 ,a1 Wp/S L dVS 56B9MD b\ `1j*1bE V\-\ ,\aV`1aSbnE * V\-\ Z1bH \O bq \V\Zh*b1WnZ\1 `1j1ZS1 , ob\Y ,\]`\a1 ]`SZSY*O

1b 1-\,*E ]`*,\ ad/Sbn w3S,mf S Y1`b,mfx \Z \b/*W Sadad L˙1qZSq 5>B86MD ˚aWS h1W\,1V ]`S4Z*O

1baq 4WmY S Z1 -\b\,mY Y1ZqbnaqE \Z Z1 +d/1b ,\aO V`1j*bnaqD L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 5=DM

˚ ˚ ˚ ˝ ˛ ˚ ˚ 65

S+WSS b*V31 4*]Sa*Z\E hb\ Z1V\b\`m1 Wp/S +d/db ,\aV`1j1ZmE hb\+m 3Sbn Z* Z1+1D ZSE , \bWSO hS1 \b b1fE Vb\ +d/1b 3Sbn Z* 41YW1E ab*Zdb /df\,ZmO YS a\4/*ZSqYSD

66 Sada +mW ]1`,mYE Vb\ +mW ,\aV`1j1Z V 3S4O ZS Z* Z1+1 L \*ZZ* 7B57MD 1-\,* ,\aV`1aSW Sada* Z* b`1bSy /1Zn ]\aW1 aY1`bS L a*W\Y 5:B5>C ˙1qZSq

57B78E 79MD Sada +mW ,\aV`1j1Z Z1 , eS4Sh1aV\Y b1W1E * V*V Y\-dk1ab,1ZZ\1 /df\,Z\1 a\4/*ZS1 L5 \`SZO

eqZ*Y 59B7P:MD ]\ab\W 1b` aV*4*WE hb\ Sada +mW

w]`1/*Z aY1`bS , ]W\bSE Z\ \3S,W1Z , /df1x L5 1b`* 5=D b\ b*VS1 wZ1]`*,1/Zm1xH *V*q ,\4Y\3Z\abn ]\q,Sbaq d ZSfE V\-/* \ZS +d/db ,\aV`1j1ZmH 6>D \h1Yd Z1V\b\`m1 Wp/S Z1 +d/db ,\aV`1j1ZmH 65E 66D *M b\ 4Z*hSb ,\aV`1aZdbn V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1H +M b\ ]1`,mY ,\aV`1a V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1H

<>

Ë&#x161; )H

7B5<MD \ Sada P Z1 1/SZab,1ZZmyE Vb\ ,\aV`1aZ1b V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1D 67

1`1/ aY1`bnp Sada aV*4*W a,\SY ,1`ZmY dh1O ZSV*YB w) S/d ]`S-\b\,Sbn ,*Y Y1ab\x L \*ZZ* 58B6MD Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE +d/db ,\aV`1j1Zm Z1V\b\`m1 S4 1-\ ]\aW1O /\,*b1W1yE hb\+m 3Sbn a ZSY Z* Z1+1D V\WnV\ Sf +dO /1bH Sada aV*4*WE hb\ Sf +d/1b Z1YZ\-\D Z Z*4,*W Sf wY*WmY ab*/\Yx L dVS 56B76MD ]\ab\W \*ZZ Z*O 4,*W b\hZ\1 hSaW\D Z d,S/1W , ,S/1ZSS Sada* S wa ZSY ab\ a\`\V h1bm`1 bmaqhSx L bV`\,1ZS1 58B5MD 68

\-/* +d/db ,\aV`1j*bnaq obS ab\ a\`\V h1bmO `1 bmaqhSH S+WSq a\\+k*1bE hb\ ob\ /\W3Z\ ]`\O

S4\ybS ]\aW1 b\-\E V*V Sada `Sab\a Z*hZ1b ]`*O ,Sbn Z* Z1+1 L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B67MD `Sab\a d31 Z*h*W ]`*,SbnE S +\WnjSZab,\ S4 588 >>> ,1`Zmf f`SabS*Z d31 ,\aV`1j1Zm V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1D ab*,jS1aq P V\O

b\`m1 1k1 3S,db Z* 41YW1 P ]\aW1 aY1`bS a`*4d 31 ]\]*/*pb Z* Z1+\D b*VE f\bq +\WnjSZab,\ ,\aV`1aO jSf +d/1b 3Sbn Z* 41YW1E Z1+\Wnj*q -`d]]* Wp/1y +d/1b 3Sbn Z* Z1+1D 69

h1Zn aV\`\ 1-\,* \a,\+\/Sb Wp/1y S4 `*+O ab,* aY1`bSC S aY1`bS d31 Z1 +d/1bD L `\hSb*yb1

a*SS 69B<DM \ h1Y +d/db 4*ZSY*bnaq b1E Vb\ ]\y/1b Z* Z1+\H S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ \ZS +d/db ]`*,Sbn ,Y1ab1 a Sada\Y `Sab\Y , *`ab,1 \-*D \WnO j1 \+ ob\Y ]`*,Sb1Wnab,1 Ym d4Z*1Y S4 aW1/dpk1y -W*,mD 67E 68D b\ ,f\/Sb , wY*W\1 ab*/\xE \ V\b\`\Y -\,\`SW SadaH V\WnV\ SfH 69D b\ Ym d4Z*1Y S4 aW1/dpk1y -W*,mH

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x203A; (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢

Ë&#x161;

w \aW1/ZSy ,`*-E a V\b\`mY +d/1b ]\V\Zh1Z\EP aY1`bnx L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B6:MD

b\ Y\31b db1jSbn Z*aE V\-/* Ym b1`q1Y V\-\Ob\ S4 +WS4VSfH 6 \`SZeqZ*Y 5B7E 8

\-/* dYS`*1b Z*j +WS4VSy /`d- SWS Vb\Ob\ S4 `\/ZmfE Ym Y\31Y hd,ab,\,*bn a1+q +1a]\Y\kZmYSD \ Z*a Y\31b db1jSbn S+WSqD

a*Sq 69B<C 6:B5= 1-\,* a/1W*1b b*VE hb\ aY1`bS +\Wnj1 Z1 +d/1bD Z1-\ 1abn /Wq ob\-\ aSW*D

Z ,1`Z1b V 3S4ZS /*31 b1fE Vb\ d31 dY1`D

Ë&#x161;# Ë&#x161; E

Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; % wË&#x2122;1,\hV*E -\,\`p b1+1B ,ab*ZnIx L *`V* 9B85MD

\h1Yd Y\3Z\ ,1`SbnE hb\ ,\aV`1a1ZS1 ,\4Y\3Z\H

\*ZZ* 55B5P88 Sada ,\aV`1aSW *4*`qD *`V* 9B66P68E 79P86 Sada ,\aV`1aSW /\hn *S`*D

\*ZZ* 55B85E 86 Sada ,\aV`1j*W Wp/1yE Sa]\Wn4dq aSWdE V\b\`dp ]\WdhSW \b 1-\,mD

\*ZZ* 56B=P55 Z\-S1 Wp/S ,S/1WSE V*V Sada ,\aV`1j*W dY1`jSfD Ë&#x2122;*31 ]`\bS,ZSVS Sada* Z1 a\YZ1,*WSanE hb\ \Z Y\- ob\ /1W*bnD

<6

˚ ˚

˙% (˙˚•

w m ]\4\,1jnE S q \b,1hd b1+1D m 4*b\aVd1jn ]\ /1Wd a,\Sf `dVx L \, 58B57P59MD

b\ +d/1b ,\aV`1j1ZH

\*ZZ* 9B6<E 6= a1E V\-\ ]\YZSb 1-\,*E +d/db 3Sbn aZ\,*D ˙1qZSq 68B59 d/db ,\aV`1j1Zm ]`*,1/Zm1 S Z1]`*,1/Zm1D

a*Sq 8>B6: ˚aWS 1-\,1 Z1b`d/Z\ ]\YZSbn SYq V*3/\y 4,14/mE b\E V\Z1hZ\E 1Yd Z1b`d/Z\

]\YZSbn ,a1 \ b1fE V\-\ \Z a\+S`*1baq ,\aV`1aSbnD

˚

%˚ ˚

˚ ˚ • ˝ ˛ w) S/d ]`S-\b\,Sbn ,*Y Y1ab\x L \*ZZ* 58B6MD

b\ ,\aV`1aZ1b V Z1+1aZ\y 3S4ZSH 5 1b`* 7B5< Sada +mW ]1`,mYE Vb\ +mW

,\aV`1j1Z V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1D dVS 56B76 Sada aV*4*WE hb\ WSjn Z1V\b\`m1 S4 1-\ ]\aW1/\,*b1W1y

+d/db ,\aV`1j1Zm V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1D

bV`\,1ZS1 58B5 1-\,* ,m+`*W 588 >>> h1W\,1VE V\b\`m1 +d/db 3Sbn Z* Z1+1D

<

Ë&#x161;

H

% Wp/1y ,\ ,a1Y YS`1 4Z*pb Y\WSb,d w bh1 Z*jxD ob\y Y\WSb,1 Sada ]\V*4*W dh1ZSO

V*YE \ h1Y Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaqD Ë&#x2122;*,*yb1 `*aaY\b`SY 11

]\/`\+Z11 S d4Z*1YE ]\h1Yd Z* Z11 ab\Sb \+`*bSbn ,ZSY*ZS1D 6

Sada aV*4*WB w \ob\Yd Y\WSb1an b*VB t *j b1g

Z* Z1+1a*fE ]dabn a,qbSbaq b,\1 SYqD dabn ]`SO

/1b b,\1 g*`ab,\D dabn b,\q ,\Wq +d/1b S Z* 41YW1E V*V Z* Z1+1rxD L `\hSb*yb1 *be1q :B=P57DM \h1Yd

Sada f\b1WE hb\+m , Z*jSf Y\WSb,*f 4,dh*WS obS b`S ]`\an+mH L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 6>DM 7

m d31 d4Z*WS \+ SY1ZS \-* S \ 1-\ ,\W1 /Wq WpO /1y S 41YWSD \ hb\ SY1W , ,S/d SadaE V\-/* -\,\O

`SWB w dabn ]`S/1b b,\1 g*`ab,\xH Ë&#x2122;*,*yb1 \+ad/SYE hb\ b*V\1 *`ab,\ \-*E h1-\ \Z\ /\abS-Z1b S V*V \Z\ \a,qbSb SYq \-*D

Ë&#x161;

H 8

1-\,* a\4/*W Z* Z1+1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\ S Z*4Z*hSW

Sada* *`1YD S+WSS \Z\ Z*4m,*1baq *`ab,\Y \-*D \+ Sada1 -\,\`SbaqE V*V \ w *`1 g*`ab,dpO kSf S \a]\/SZ1 -\a]\/ab,dpkSfx L5 SY\e1p :B59MD 5D *Vdp S4,1abZdp Y\WSb,d Ym `*aaY\b`SYH 6D * V*VS1 b`S ]`\an+m \+`*bSW ,ZSY*ZS1 SadaE V\-/* dhSW Z*a Y\O WSbnaqH 7D b\ Zd3Z\ 4Z*bn \ *`ab,1 \-*H 8D b\ b*V\1 *`ab,\ \-* S Vb\ 1-\ *`nH

<8

Ë&#x161; )H

Sada Y\31b a/1W*bn /Wq Wp/1y +\Wnj1E h1Y WpO +\y /`d-\y ]`*,Sb1WnE S \Z aSWnZ11 ,a1f ]`*,Sb1O W1y ,Y1ab1 ,4qbmfD 9

1`14 a\`\V /Z1y ]\aW1 ,\aV`1a1ZSq Sada ,1`O ZdWaq Z* Z1+\D ]dabq V*V\1Ob\ ,`1Yq 1-\,* Z*O

4Z*hSW 1-\ *`1Y a,\1-\ *`ab,* LË&#x2122;1qZSq 6B77MD *`O

ab,\ \-* +d/1b ]`*,Sbn 41YW1y a Z1+* L bV`\,1ZS1 55B59MD \b ]\h1Yd ob\ ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\ b*V31 Z*4m,*O 1baq wZ1+1aZmY g*`ab,\Yx L6 SY\e1p 8B5<MD :

S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\E , \bWShS1 \b Wp+\-\ /`d-\-\ ]`*,Sb1WqE Sada \+W*/*1b +1aaY1`bS1Y L5 SY\e1p :B5:MD a1 41YZm1 ]`*,Sb1WS `*Z\ SWS

]\4/Z\ dYS`*pbE Z\ Sada Z1 dY`1b ZSV\-/*D a1E hb\ \Z a/1W*1b /Wq Wp/1yE +d/1b ]`SZ\aSbn SY ]\Wn4d ,1hZ\D ;

S+W1yaV\1 ]`\`\h1ab,\ \]Sam,*1b Sada* V*V

a]`*,1/WS,\-\ S a\hd,ab,dpk1-\ *`qB w * Z1Y +dO /1b /df 1-\,mE /df Yd/`\abS S ]\ZSY*ZSqE /df a\,1O b* S Y\-dk1ab,*E /df 4Z*ZSq S ab`*f* ]1`1/ 1-\,\yE S \Z +d/1b Z*f\/Sbn `*/\abn , ab`*f1 ]1`1/ 1-\,\yD Z Z1 ab*Z1b ad/Sbn b\WnV\ ]\ b\YdE hb\ ,S/qb 1-\ -W*4*E S Sa]`*,Wqbn b\WnV\ Z* \aZ\,*ZSS b\-\E hb\ aWmj*b 1-\ djSD Z +d/1b ]`*,1/Z\ ad/Sbn +1/Zmfx L a*Sq 55B6P8MD \b1W\an +m ,*YE hb\+m d ,*a +mW b*O V\y ]`*,Sb1WnH <

\- ,m+`*W Z1V\b\`mf Wp/1yE hb\+m \ZS ,Y1O ab1 a Sada\Y ]`*,SWS Z* Z1+1D \b hb\E Z*]`SY1`E *]\ab\W *,1W Z*]Sa*W SY\e1pB wË&#x161;aWS a\f`*Zq1Y 9D /1 Z*f\/Sbaq *`ab,\ \-*H 1Y \Z\ +d/1b d]`*,WqbnH :E ;D \h1Yd Sada Wdhj1 Wp+\-\ /`d-\-\ ]`*,Sb1WqH <D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ Sada +d/1b ]`*,Sbn Z1 \/SZH

Ë&#x161; H

<9

ab\yV\abnE b\ ,Y1ab1 S g*`ab,\,*bn +d/1Yx L6 SY\O e1p 6B56MD V\WnV\ h1W\,1V +d/db ]`*,Sbn ,Y1ab1 a

Sada\YH =

*V Ym d4Z*WS S4 ;Oy -W*,mE a Sada\Y +d/db ]`*O ,Sbn 588 >>> g*`1yD b\ 31 obS g*`SH ]\ab\Wd \*ZO Zd +mW\ /*Z\ ,S/1ZS1E , V\b\`\Y \Z d,S/1W obSf g*O `1y ,Y1ab1 a Sada\YD \*ZZ aV*4*WE hb\ ob\ b1E d V\O -\ wZ* W+d Z*]Sa*Z\DDD SYq Sada* S SYq 1-\ bg*xD

*V31 \Z /\+*,SWE hb\ \ZS waW1/dpb 4* )-Z1ZV\Y

b\ 1abn Sada\Y E Vd/* +m \Z ZS j1WxD L `\hSb*yO b1 bV`\,1ZS1 58B5E 8DM b*VE obS g*`S P ob\ 588 >>> ,1`Zmf \-d f`SabS*ZE V\b\`mf \- ]\ab*,SW wg*`O

ab,\,*bn Z*/ 41YW1yx ,Y1ab1 a Sada\YD \-/* obS Wp/S dYS`*pbE \ZS ,\aV`1j*pbaq V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1 L bV`\,1ZS1 9B5>MD 1-\,* Z*h*W a\+S`*bn obd -`d]]d

1k1 a\ ,`1Y1Z *]\ab\W\,D 5>

b\YE hb\ ,Y1ab1 a `Sab\Y +d/db ]`*,Sbn WpO /SE ,S/Z* 4*+\b* 1-\,mD Sada +d/1b f\`\jSY ]`*O ,Sb1W1YE ,1/n \Z ]\ZSY*1bE hb\ 4Z*hSb +mbn h1W\,1O V\Y S hb\ 4Z*hSb ab`*/*bnD ]\ab\W *,1W Z*]Sa*WE hb\ Sada Y\31b wa\hd,ab,\,*bn Z*jSY aW*+\abqYx

S hb\ \Z w+mW Sa]mb*Z ,\ ,a1YE ]\/\+Z\ Z*Yx LË&#x161;,`1O qY 8B59C 9B<MD b\ a\`\V h1bm`1 bmaqhS b\31 ]\ZSY*O pbE hb\ 4Z*hSb +mbn Z1a\,1`j1ZZmYS S +\W1bnD \oO b\Yd Y\3Z\ Z1 a\YZ1,*bnaqE hb\ Sada S 1-\ a\]`*O ,Sb1WS ]\ZSY*pb Z*jS hd,ab,* S 4Z*pbE a V*VSYS b`d/Z\abqYS Ym ab*WVS,*1YaqD =D V\WnV\ h1W\,1V +d/db ]`*,Sbn a Sada\YH \-/* \- Z*h*W a\+SO `*bn obd -`d]]dH 5>D *V , b\YE hb\ Wp/nYS +d/db ]`*,Sbn Sada `Sab\a S 588 >>>E ,S/Z* Wp+\,n 1-\,mH

<:

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122; #Ë&#x161; H 55

Sada dhSW dh1ZSV\, Y\WSbnaqE hb\+m Z* Z1O +1 Sa]\WZqW*an ,\Wq \-*D \h1YdH 4 7Oy -W*,m Ym d4Z*WSE hb\E V\-/* *b*Z* Ë&#x2122;nq,\W ,\aab*W ]`\bS, 1O -\,mE \- ]\4,\WSW 1Yd S /`d-SY Z1,1`ZmY *Z-1W*YE V\b\`m1 Z*4m,*pbaq /1Y\Z*YSE V*V\1Ob\ ,`1Yq \ab*O ,*bnaq Z* Z1+1D 4O4* ob\-\ Z1Wn4q +mW\ aV*4*bnE hb\ ,a1 a\4/*ZSq Z* Z1+1 Sa]\WZqpb ,\Wp \-*D 4 5>Oy -W*,m ob\y VZS-S Ym d4Z*1Y +\Wnj1 \ *b*Z1 S /1Y\O Z*fD 56

S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\E ,aV\`1 ]\aW1 b\-\

V*V Sada ab*W *`1Y \3n1-\ *`ab,*E \Z Z*h*W ,\1,*bn ]`\bS, *b*ZmD L `\hSb*yb1 bV`\,1ZS1 56B;P5>DM 5>OY abSf1 \]Sam,*pbaq /,* ,*3Zmf a\O +mbSqD \O]1`,mfE *`ab,\ \-* Z*hSZ*1b ]`*,Sbn

S 1-\ *`1Y ab*Z\,Sbaq Sada `Sab\aD \O,b\`mfE *b*Zd a+`*am,*pb a Z1+* Z* 41YWpD *V Ym d4Z*1Y /*Wnj1E \+* obSf a\+mbSq d31 ]`\S4\jWSD 57

S+WSS 4*]Sa*Z\B w */dyb1anE Z1+1a* S 3S,dO kS1 Z* ZSfIx L bV`\,1ZS1 56B56MD *V 31 `*/\,*WSan ,1`Zm1 \-d *Z-1WmE V\-/* *b*Z* S 1-\ /1Y\Zm +mWS a+`\j1Zm a Z1+*I 1]1`n ,\Wp \-* Sa]\WZqpb ,a1 a\4/*ZSq Z* Z1+1D ZS 3S,db , YS`1 S 1/SZab,1D 58 \ Z* 41YW1 a1yh*a ,a1 ]\O/`d-\YdD p/S \h1Zn 55D \h1Yd Sada dhSW Y\WSbnaqE hb\+m Z* Z1+1 Sa]\WZqW*an ,\Wq \-*H 56D V*VSf /,df ,*3Zmf a\+mbSqf -\,\`Sbaq , bV`\,1ZSS 56B5>H 57D *V S4Y1ZSW*an aSbd*gSq Z* Z1+1E ]\aW1 b\-\ V*V \bbd/* +mW a+`\j1Z *b*Z*H 58D b\ ]`\Saf\/Sb Z* 41YW1E S4O4* b\-\ hb\ *b*Z* +mW a+`\j1Z a Z1+*H

Ë&#x161; H

<;

ab`*/*pbE ]\b\Yd hb\ Ë&#x2122;nq,\W w, aSWnZ\Y -Z1,1x P

w\Z 4Z*1bE hb\ d Z1-\ \ab*1baq Y*W\ ,`1Y1ZSx L bO V`\,1ZS1 56B56MD *b*Zd a+`\aSWS a Z1+*E S \Z 4Z*1bE hb\ aV\`\ +d/1b dZShb\31ZD Z , q`\abSD Z /1W*1b

,a1E hb\+m Z* 41YW1 +mW\ YZ\-\ -\`qE +\WS S ab`*/*O ZSyD 59

\Wq \-* , \bZ\j1ZSS 41YWS Z1 S4Y1ZSW*anD Z ]\O]`13Z1Yd f\h1bE hb\+m 41YWq +mW* `*1Y S Z* Z1y ,1hZ\ 3SWS a\,1`j1ZZm1 Wp/S L a*W\Y 7;B6=MD *V *`ab,\ \-* a/1W*1b ob\H 5:

VZS-1 ]`\`\V* Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW* 4*]Sa*Z\B w ,\ /ZS b1f g*`1y \- Z1+1aZmy dab*Z\,Sb g*`ab,\E V\b\`\1 ZSV\-/* Z1 +d/1b `*4`dj1Z\D 'b\ g*`ab,\ Z1 +d/1b ]1`1/*Z\ /`d-\Yd Z*`\/dD Z\ a\V`djSb ,a1 obS g*`O ab,* S ]\W\3Sb SY V\Z1gE * a*Y\ +d/1b ab\qbn ,1hZ\x

LË&#x2122;*ZSSW 6B88MD b\ Ym d4Z*1Y \ *`ab,1 \-* S4 ob\O -\ ]`\`\h1ab,*H 5;

1`,\1B *`ab,\ Z*hSZ*1b ]`*,Sbn w,\ /ZS b1f

g*`1yxD 'b\ \4Z*h*1bE hb\ *`ab,\ Z*hZ1b ]`*,SbnE

V\-/* Z* 41YW1 ,a1 1k1 +d/db adk1ab,\,*bn YS`\,m1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,*D b\`\1B *`ab,\ \-* +d/1b ]`*,Sbn ,1hZ\ S Z1 +d/1b 4*Y1Z1Z\ ZSV*VSY /`d-SY ]`*,SO b1Wnab,\YD b`1bn1B Y13/d *`ab,\Y \-* S /`d-SO

YS ]`*,Sb1Wnab,*YS ]`\S4\y/1b ,\yZ*D *`ab,\ ]\O +1/Sb , ob\y ,\yZ1 S ab*Z1b 1/SZab,1ZZmY ]`*,SO b1Wnab,\Y Z* 41YW1 P a*YmY WdhjSY S4 ,a1fD 5<

*VSY \+`*4\Y *`ab,\ \-* dab*Z\,Sb a,\p

59D *V\,* ,\Wq \-* , \bZ\j1ZSS 41YWSH 5:E 5;D b\ \ *`ab,1 \-* -\,\`Sbaq , Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW* 6B88H 5<D *V Z*4m,*1baq ,\yZ* Y13/d YS`\,mYS ]`*,Sb1Wnab,*YS S *`O ab,\Y \-*H

<<

Ë&#x161; )H

,W*abn Z* 41YW1H S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ /1Y\Zm ,,1/db , 4*+Wd3/1ZS1 wg*`1y ,a1y \+Sb*1Y\y 41YWSE

hb\+m a\+`*bn Sf Z* ,\yZdE V\b\`*q ]`\S4\y/1b , ,1O WSVSy /1Zn a1Y\-dk1-\ \-*xD S`\,m1 ]`*,Sb1WnO ab,* ]\y/db ,\yZ\y ]`\bS, *`ab,* \-*E Z\ *`O ab,\ \-* ]\+1/SbD 'b\ ,\yZ* Z*4m,*1baq `Y*-1/O /\Z L bV`\,1ZS1 5:B58E 5:C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 5>MD 5= \h1Yd Z*Y b*V Z1\+f\/SY\ *`ab,\ \-*H *4\O

,1Y b`S ]`ShSZmD \O]1`,mfE S4O4* -`1f* ,a1 Wp/S +\W1pb S `*Z\ SWS ]\4/Z\ dYS`*pbD \ ]\/ ]`*,W1O ZS1Y *`ab,* \-* Ym +d/1Y 3Sbn ,1hZ\D \*ZZ* 7B5: aV*4*Z\B w \- Wp+Sb YS` b*V aSWnZ\E hb\ \b/*W a,\1-\ 1/SZ\`\/Z\-\ mZ*E hb\+m V*3/myE Vb\ ]`\O q,Wq1b , Z1-\ ,1`dE Z1 ]\-S+E Z\ SY1W ,1hZdp 3S4ZnxD 6> \O,b\`mfE Ym Zd3/*1Yaq , *`ab,1E ]\b\Yd hb\

YS`E , V\b\`\Y Ym 3S,1YE \h1Zn 4W\yD \V`d- YZ\-\ W3SE \+Y*Z* S +14Z`*,ab,1ZZ\abSD *YS Ym Z1 , aSO W*f dab`*ZSbn 4W\E Z\ \- Y\31b ob\ a/1W*bnD Z dZSO hb\3Sb 4Wmf Wp/1y , `Y*-1//\Z1D L `\hSb*yb1 a*W\Y 7;B5>DM b`1bnSfE Z*Y Zd3Z\ *`ab,\ \-*E ]\b\Yd hb\ YZ\-S1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,*E a\4/*ZZm1 Wp/nO YSE 31ab\VS1 S Z1h1abZm1D ZS Z1 , a\ab\qZSS `1O jSbn ]`\+W1Ym h1W\,1h1ab,*D ZS Z1 ]\Y\-*pb WpO /qY aWdj*bnaq \-*D S+WSS aV*4*Z\B w 1W\,1V ,W*ab,d1b Z*/ h1W\,1V\Y 1Yd ,\ ,`1/x L'VVW14S*ab <B=MD 65

W*-\/*`q ]`*,W1ZSp *`ab,* ]\aW1 `Y*-1/O /\Z* Z* 41YW1 +d/1b Sa]\WZqbnaq ,\Wq \-*D 1 ab*Z1b *b*Zm S /1Y\Z\, L bV`\,1ZS1 6>B5P7MD p/S 5=E 6>D \h1Yd Z*Y b*V Z1\+f\/SY\ *`ab,\ \-*H 65D *V +W*-\/*`q *`ab,d Sa]\WZSbaq ,\Wq \-* Z* 41YW1H

b1f ]\` V*V *b*Z* S /1Y\Zm +mWS a+`\j1Zm a Z1+*E 41YWq Z*]\WZSW*an ab`*/*ZSqYSD \ aV\`\ \ZS 4*V\Zh*baq

=>

Ë&#x161; )H

Z1 +d/db +\W1bn S dYS`*bnD W*-\/*`q ,mVd]d ,a1 ]\aWdjZm1 Wp/S aY\-db 3Sbn ,1hZ\ , `*p Z* 41YO W1 L bV`\,1ZS1 66B5P7MD Z*V\Z1gB *`ab,\ \a,qbSb SYq \-*D 'b\ 4Z*hSbE hb\ ]\/ ]`*,W1ZS1Y *`ab,* ,a1 Wp/S +d/db hbSbn SYq 1-\,mD L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\O 31ZS1 65DM

Ë&#x2122;

Ë&#x161; H 66

\-/* Sada +mW Z* 41YW1E \Z Z*dhSW a,\Sf

dh1ZSV\, Y\WSbnaqB w dabn ]`S/1b b,\1 g*`ab,\xD

4 obSf aW\, ,S/Z\E hb\ Z* b\b Y\Y1Zb *`ab,\ \-*

1k1 Z1 ]`SjW\E b\ 1abn 1-\,* 1k1 Z1 a\4/*W a,\1

]`*,Sb1Wnab,\ S Z1 Z*4Z*hSW Sada* *`1YD Y\O

31bE Sada ab*W *`1YE a`*4d V*V b\WnV\ ,1`ZdWaq Z*

Z1+\H 1bE \Z 1k1 V*V\1Ob\ ,`1Yq 3/*WD bVd/* Ym ob\ 4Z*1YH + ob\Y +mW\ ]`1/aV*4*Z\ , a*WY1 55>B5D *Y 4*]Sa*Z\E V*V 1-\,* -\,\`SbB w S/S ]\ ]`*,dp `dVd \b Y1ZqE ]\V* q Z1 ]\W\3d b,\Sf ,`*-\, b1+1

]\/ Z\-SxD *V \+lqaZSWS *]\ab\Wm 1b` S *,1WE

66D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ Sada Z1 +mW *`1YE ]\V* +mW Z* 41YW1E S Z1 ab*W SY a`*4d ]\aW1 ,\aV`1a1ZSqH

\/ ]`*,W1ZS1Y *`ab,* Z* 41YW1 +d/1b Sa]\WZqbnaq ,\Wq \-*

Ë&#x161; H

=5

ob\ ]`\`\h1ab,\ \bZ\aSW\an V ,\aV`1aj1Yd Sadad LË&#x2122;1qZSq 6B76P79C Ë&#x161;,`1qY 5>B56E 57MD Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE /*31 ]\aW1

b\-\ V*V Sada ,\aV`1aE \Z 1k1 V*V\1Ob\ ,`1Yq 3/*WE

]\V* 1-\,* Z*4Z*hSb 1-\ *`1YD *V /\W-\ 1Yd Zd3O Z\ +mW\ 3/*bnH

67 Sada `Sab\a ab*W *`1Y , 5=58 -\/d L a*W\Y

55>B6MD Zb1`1aZ\E hb\ 1k1 /\ 5=58 -\/* \/Z* -`d]]* SaV`1ZZSf f`SabS*Z ]\ZSY*W*E hb\ ob\b -\/E a\-W*aO Z\ +S+W1yaVSY ]`\`\h1ab,*YE /\W31Z +mW ab*bn \a\O +1ZZmYD \+mbSqE V\b\`m1 ]`\S4\jWS , YS`1 Z*hSO Z*q a 5=58 -\/*E ]\V*4*WSE hb\ b1 f`SabS*Z1 Z1 \jS+O WSanD b\ , ]1`,dp \h1`1/n a/1W*W SadaE V\-/* ,

5=58 -\/d ab*W *`1YH Z a+`\aSW *b*Zd Z* 41YWpD

b1]1`nE V*V -\,\`Sbaq , bV`\,1ZSS 56B56E Ë&#x2122;nq,\Wd

w\ab*1baq Y*W\ ,`1Y1ZSxD Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE /\ b\-\E V*V *`O ab,\ Sa]\WZSb ,\Wp \-* Z* 41YW1E \ab*W\an a\,a1Y

Z1YZ\-\D aW1/dpk1y -W*,1 Ym d,S/SY 1k1 +\Wnj1

/\V*4*b1Wnab,E hb\ Ym 3S,1Y SY1ZZ\ , ob\b ]1`S\/D L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 66DM

67D *M \-/* Sada ab*W *`1Y \3n1-\ *`ab,*H +M h1Y Ym d4Z*O 1Y S4 aW1/dpk1y -W*,mH

P Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; &

w dabn ]`S/1b b,\1 g*`ab,\D dabn b,\q ,\Wq +d/1b S Z* 41YW1E V*V Z* Z1+1x L *be1q :B=P57MD

b\ b*V\1 *`ab,\ \-*H

bV`\,1ZS1 55B59 *`ab,\ \-* P ob\ ]`*,SO b1Wnab,\E V\b\`\1E Z*f\/qan Z* Z1+1E +d/1b ]`*,Sbn ,a1y

41YW1yD 5 SY\e1p :B59 Sada `Sab\a P *`n \3n1-\ *`ab,*D

bV`\,1ZS1 58B5E 8 * Z1+1 ,Y1ab1 a Sada\Y +dO /db ]`*,Sbn 588 >>> h1W\,1VD Ë&#x161;,`1qY 8B59C 9B< Sada S 1-\ a\]`*,Sb1WS ]\ZSY*pb Z*jS hd,ab,* S 4Z*pbE a V*VSYS b`d/Z\abqYS Ym ab*WVS,*1YaqD

P %â&#x20AC;¢ " â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; & w Z +d/1b ]`*,1/Z\ ad/Sbn +1/Zmfx L a*Sq 55B8MD

\h1Yd Sada* Y\3Z\ Z*4,*bn a*YmY WdhjSY ]`*,Sb1W1YH 5 SY\e1p :B5: a1 ]`*,Sb1WS Z* 41YW1 `*Z\ SWS ]\4/Z\ dYS`*pbE Z\ Sada

Z1 dY`1b ZSV\-/*D a1E hb\ SO ada a/1W*1b /Wq Wp/1yE +d/1b ,1hZ\ ]`SZ\aSbn ]\Wn4dD

a*Sq 55B6P8 Sada Y\31b a/1W*bn +\Wnj1E h1Y Wp+\y /`d-\y ]`*,Sb1WnE S \Z aSWnZ11 ,a1f ]`*,Sb1W1y ,Y1ab1 ,4qbmfD Z a]`*,1/WSO ,my S a\hd,ab,dpkSyD

=7

Ë&#x2122; )

) ) w \- Z1+1aZmy dab*Z\,Sb g*`ab,\E V\b\`\1 ZSV\-/* Z1 +d/1b `*4`dj1Z\x LË&#x2122;*ZSSW 6B88MD

1-\ d31 /\abS-W\ *`ab,\ \-*H b\ \Z\ a/1W*1b , +d/dk1YH

bV`\,1ZS1 56B;P56 \aW1 b\-\ V*V , 5=58 -\/d

Sada ab*W *`1YE \Z a+`\aSW *b*Zd a Z1+* Z* 41YWpD \b ]\h1Yd Z* 41YW1 b*V YZ\-\ -\`qE +\WS S ab`*/*ZSyD 'VVW14S*ab <B=C

bV`\,1ZS1 5:B5: `Y*-1//\Z1 *`ab,\ \-* dZShb\3Sb 31ab\VS1 S Z1h1abO Zm1 Wp/aVS1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,*D

a*W\Y 7;B5> Ë&#x203A;Wm1 Wp/S +d/db dZShb\31ZmD

bV`\,1ZS1 66B5P7 \/ ]`*,W1ZS1Y *`ab,* \-* ZSVb\ Z1 +d/1b +\W1bn S dYS`*bnD a1 Wp/S +d/db hbSbn SYq 1-\,mD

=

˙˚ '

H w ˝˚ )E fd31 d31 +mbn Z1 Y\31bIx P Z*,1`ZqV* ,m Z1 `*4 -\,\`SWS ob\ ]\aW1 ]`\aY\b`* Z\,\ab1yD

4O4* b\-\ hb\ YS` ab*W b*VSY 4WmY S 31ab\VSYE Z1O V\b\`m1 Wp/S ahSb*pbE hb\ 1Yd aV\`\ /\W31Z ]`SyO bS V\Z1gD \ /1yab,Sb1WnZ\ WS ob\ b*VH \31Y WS Ym

V*VOb\ d4Z*bnE hb\ 3/1b Z*a ,]1`1/SH ˙*D + ob\Y Z*Y Y\31b `*aaV*4*bn \- 1-\,*D \bWShS1 \b Wp/1yE \Z ‹ b\hZ\ 4Z*1bE hb\ +d/1b , +d/dk1YE S a\\+k*1b Z*Y \+ ob\Y , S+WSS L a*Sq 8:B5>C *V\,* 8B58MD 6 \-/* Ym hSb*1Y , S+WSS \ b\YE hb\ YS`d ]`SO

/1b V\Z1gE ob\ Z1 \4Z*h*1bE hb\ +d/1b dZShb\31Z* Z*O j* ]W*Z1b*D 'b\ \4Z*h*1bE hb\ +d/1b ]\V\Zh1Z\ a\

4W\YD Sada `Sab\a -\,\`SWE hb\ 41YW1y +d/1b ]`*O ,Sbn *`ab,\ \-* L dVS 8B87MD ˚-\ dh1ZSVS \h1Zn f\O

b1WS 4Z*bnE V\-/* ob\ *`ab,\ Z*hZ1b ]`*,SbnD \oO b\Yd \ZS a]`\aSWS Sada*B w \-/* ob\ +d/1b S hb\ +d/1b ]`S4Z*V\Y b,\1-\ ]`Sadbab,Sq S 4*,1`j1ZSq aSab1Ym ,1k1yHx L *be1q 68B7MD Sada Z1 Z*4,*W b\hO ‹ Zdp /*bdE Z\ `*aaV*4*W \ b\YE hb\ +d/1b ]`\Saf\/Sbn Z* 41YW1 ]`qY\ ]1`1/ V\Zg\YD

7 m 3S,1Y V*V `*4 , ob\ ,`1Yq P ,`1Yq ]1`1/ V\ZO g\YD ˙*,*yb1 `*aaY\b`SY /\V*4*b1Wnab,*D \ aZ*h*O W* ,a]\YZSYE V*V a\+mbSqE ]`\Saf\/qkS1 a1-\/Zq Z* 41YW1E a,q4*Zm a ,\yZ\yE V\b\`*q ]`\S4\jW* Z* Z1+1D

5D bVd/* Y\3Z\ d4Z*bnE hb\ 3/1b Z*a , +d/dk1YH

6E 7D h1Y a]`\aSWS Sada* 1-\ dh1ZSVS S hb\ \Z SY \b,1bSWH

Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; ' H

=9

â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

4 <Oy -W*,m Ym d4Z*WSE hb\ Sada ab*W *`1Y Z* Z1+1 , 5=58 -\/d LË&#x2122;*ZSSW ;B57E 58MD \b V*V , VZS-1 bO V`\,1ZS1 \]Sam,*1baqE hb\ ]`\S4\jW\ ]\aW1B w Z* Z1+1 `*4`*4SW*an ,\yZ*B Sf*SW Sada 1 S 1-\ *Z-1O Wm a`*3*WSan a /`*V\Z\Y *b*Z\y S /`*V\Z S 1-\ *Z-1Wm a`*3*WSan a ZSYSxD ob\y ,\yZ1 ]\+1/SW SO adaD Z a+`\aSW *b*Zd S /1Y\Z\, Z* 41YWpD `1/O ab*,nb1E V*V `*/\,*WSan *Z-1Wm Z* Z1+1I \ Wp/qY Z* 41YW1 ob\ ]`SZ1aW\ YZ\-\ -\`qD \h1YdH \b\Yd hb\ Ë&#x2122;nq,\W , aSWnZ\Y -Z1,1E b*V V*V \Z w4Z*1bE hb\ d Z1-\

\ab*1baq Y*W\ ,`1Y1ZSx L bV`\,1ZS1 56B;E =E 56MD 8

9

Ë&#x2122;nq,\W ab*`*1baq a/1W*bn Wp/qY V*V Y\3Z\ +\Wnj1 4W*D Z , q`\abSE ]\b\Yd hb\ \h1Zn aV\`\ \WSjSb 1-\ ,W*abSD Ë&#x2122;nq,\W* /1yab,Sb1WnZ\ Y*W\ ,`1Y1ZSD S+WSS ob\b ]1`S\/ Z*4,*Z ]\aW1/ZSYS â&#x20AC;¹ /ZqYSD Ë&#x2122;*,*yb1 d4Z*1YE hb\E ]\ aW\,*Y Sada*E +d/1b ]`\Saf\/Sbn Z* 41YW1 , ob\ ,`1YqD L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\O 31ZS1 68DM

Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;

:

\yZmD Sada aV*4*WB w *`\/ ]\/ZSY1baq ]`\bS, Z*`\/*E S g*`ab,\ ]`\bS, g*`ab,*x L *be1q 68B;MD 1O -\/Zq , ,\yZ*f ]\-S+*1b -\`*4/\ +\Wnj1 Wp/1yE h1Y

`*Znj1D \-W*aZ\ \bh1bd SZabSbdb* w \`W/d\bhxE

1 Sf*SW P ob\ 1k1 \/Z\ SYq Sada* `Sab*D \Wnj1 \+ ob\Y Y\3Z\ d4Z*bn S4 `SW\31ZSq 67D

8E 9D *M b\ ]`\S4\jW\ Z* Z1+1E ,aV\`1 ]\aW1 b\-\ V*V Sada ab*W

*`1YH +M *VE a\-W*aZ\ bV`\,1ZSp 56B56E ob\ \b`*4SW\an Z* WpO /qfE 3S,dkSf Z* 41YW1H :E ;D *V Sa]\WZqpbaq aW\,* Sada* `Sab* \ ,\yZ*f S -\W\/1H

=:

Z*hSZ*q a 5=58 -\/* , ,\yZ*f ]\-S+W\ +\W11 5>> YSWWS\Z\, h1W\,1VD ˛* 5>> W1b L1aWS ahSO b*bn a 5=>> -\/*M 31`b,*YS ,\yZ ab*W\ , 7 `*4* +\Wnj1 WpO /1yE h1Y 4* 5= ]`1/m/dkSf ab\O W1bSyD V\WnV\ 31 +\WS S ab`*O /*ZSy ]`SZ1aW* YSWWS\Z*Y Wp/1y ,\yZ*I ;

\W\/D Sada aV*4*WB w dO /1b -\W\/x L *be1q 68B;MD \O bq a1-\/Zq ]`\/dVb\, ]Sb*ZSq ]`\S4,\/Sbaq +\Wnj1E h1Y V\-O /*OWS+\E \-`\YZ\1 hSaW\ WpO

/1y -\W\/*1bD h1Y 31 ]`SO hSZ*H Wp/1y WS+\ Z1b /1O Z1-E WS+\ Z1b 41YWSE Z* V\b\`\y Y\3Z\ hb\Ob\ ,m`*abSbnD \O W11 YSWWS*`/* h1W\,1V 3SO ,db Y1Z11 h1Y Z* \/SZ /\WW*` , /1ZnD \ /*ZZmY a1YS`Z\y \`-*ZS4*gSS 4/`*,\\f`*Z1ZSqE V*3/my -\/ ]\ ]`ShSZ*YE a,qO 4*ZZmY a Z1/\1/*ZS1YE dYS`*O pb YSWWS\Zm /1b1yD <

˛1YW1b`qa1ZSqD

Sada ]`1/aV*4*WB w d/db aSWnZm1 41YW1b`qa1ZSqx L dVS 65B55MD <E =D *V Sa]\WZq1baq ]`\`\h1ab,\ SO ada* `Sab* \ 41YW1b`qa1ZSqf S +\W14O ZqfH

=;

h1Zm1 ]\/b,1`3/*pb ob\B \ZS -\,\`qbE hb\ aSWnZm1 41YW1b`qa1ZSq +d/db ]`\Saf\O /Sbn V*3/my -\/D 5=>> -\/* , `14dWnb*b1 41YW1b`qa1ZSy ]\O -S+W\ a,mj1 /,df YSWWS\Z\, h1W\,1VD \bq a\,`1Y1ZZm1 b1fZ\W\-SS ]\4,\Wqpb 4*`*O Z11 \]`1/1WSbnE -/1 ]`\S4\yO

/1b 41YW1b`qa1ZS1E ]\O]`13O Z1Yd ]\-S+*1b \h1Zn YZ\-\ WpO /1yD =

\W14ZSD Sada ]`1/aV*O 4*WE hb\ w+d/db o]S/1YSSx P \]*aZm1 4*+\W1,*ZSqE V\b\`m1 +d/db +mab`\ `*a]`\ab`*ZqbnO aq S S4O4* V\b\`mf +d/1b dYSO `*bn YZ\-\ Wp/1y L dVS 65B55MD \bq ,`*hS Z*dhSWSan +\`\bnO aq a\ YZ\-SYS 4*+\W1,*ZSqYSE Z1V\b\`m1 +\W14ZS ]\O]`13O Z1Yd \ab*pbaq Z1S4W1hSYmYSD

\/Z\Y \bh1b1 -\,\`SbaqE hb\ V*3/my -\/ YSWWS\Zm Wp/1y

dYS`*pb \b bd+1`VdW14*E Y*O Wq`SS S f\W1`mD \W11 b\-\E 4* ]\aW1/ZS1 8> W1b ,`*hS \+Z*O `d3SWS +\W11 7> Z\,mf 4*+\W1O ,*ZSyE Z1V\b\`m1 S4 V\b\`mf Z1 ]\//*pbaq W1h1ZSpD

=<

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x2122; (Ë&#x2122;

5>

\ 6 SY\e1p 7B5P9 -\,\`SbaqB w ]\aW1/ZS1 /ZS Z*abd]qb Z1\+mh*yZ\ b`d/Zm1 ,`1Y1Z*xD ]\ab\W

*,1W \]Sa*WE V*VSYS +d/db Wp/S , ]\aW1/ZS1 /ZSB

Ë&#x2021; Ë&#x2021; Ë&#x2021; Ë&#x2021; Ë&#x2021; Ë&#x2021; Ë&#x2021; Ë&#x2021; Ë&#x2021;

o-\SabShZmYS Wp+qkSYS /1Zn-S Z1]\aWdjZmYS `\/Sb1WqY Z1,1`ZmYS +14`*4WShZmYS V a,\SY a1YnqY Z1 SY1pkSYS a*Y\\+W*/*ZSq 31ab\VSYS S *-`1aaS,ZmYS Wp+qkSYS d/\,\Wnab,Sq +\Wnj1E h1Y \-* /1W*pkSYS ,S/E hb\ Wp+qb \-*E Z\ Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 Z1]\aWdjZmYS 1Yd

55 *,1`ZqV* ,m a\-W*aSO b1anE hb\ a1-\/Zq Z1 ]`\O ab\ \b/1WnZm1 Wp/S ]`\O q,Wqpb obS V*h1ab,*E * ,1an YS` ab*W b*VSYD \

\h1Zn aV\`\ \- ,a1 Sa]`*O ,SbD Z \+1k*1bB w \-/*

5>D *V Sa]\WZqpbaq aW\,* S4 6 SO Y\e1p 7B5P9H

55D b\ ]`\S4\y/1b a\ 4WmYS Wp/nYSE a\-W*aZ\ a*WYd =6B;H

Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; ' H

==

Z1h1abS,m1 `*4`*ab*pbaqE V*V b`*,*E S ,a1 /1W*pO kS1 4W\ `*ag,1b*pb P ob\ /Wq b\-\E hb\+m Sf Sab`1O +SWS b\ 1abn dZShb\3SWS Z*,1Vx L a*W\Y =6B;MD

Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122;& Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;

56

\bq , S+WSS ]`1/aV*4m,*W\anE hb\ , ]\aW1/O ZS1 /ZS YS` +d/1b ]\W\Z +\WS S ab`*/*ZSyE , Z1y b*VO 31 +mW\ \+1k*Z\ S hb\Ob\ f\`\j11D 57

\ZSY*ZS1 S+WSSD `\`\V Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW ]Sa*WE hb\ , ]\aW1/ZS1 /ZS wSabSZZ\1 4Z*ZS1 dYZ\3SbaqxE b\ 1abn \- ]\Y\31b a,\SY aWd3Sb1WqY Wdhj1 ]\ZSO Y*bn S+WSp LË&#x2122;*ZSSW 56B8MD 'b\ ab*W\ \a\+1ZZ\ 4*O Y1bZ\ a 5=58 -\/*D *]`SY1`E 1-\,* \+lqaZSW Z*Y 4Z*h1ZS1 a,\1-\ SY1ZSE 4*Yma1W , \bZ\j1ZSS 41YWSE 4Z*h1ZS1 ,mVd]*E `*aaV*4*W ]`*,/d \ aY1`bS S ,\aO V`1a1ZSSD m d4Z*WSE hb\ b\WnV\ *`ab,\ \-* `1O jSb ,a1 Z*jS ]`\+W1YmD m d4Z*WSE V*V ab*bn ah*abO WS,mYS S V*V Zd3Z\ 3SbnE hb\+m ob\ Z`*,SW\an \-dD b\YE hb\ /1W*pb aWd3Sb1WS \-*E ]\WdhS, b*O

VS1 4Z*ZSqE +mW\ 4*]Sa*Z\ 1k1 , \/Z\Y ]`\`\h1ab,1D L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZSq 65 S 69DM 58

`\]\,1/n ]\ ,a1Yd YS`dD Sada aV*4*WE hb\ , ]\aW1/ZS1 /ZS ]\ ,a1y \+Sb*1Y\y 41YW1 +d/1b ]`\O ]\,1/*Z* w+W*-*q ,1abn \ g*`ab,1x L *be1q 68B7E 58MD 1-\/Zq +W*-*q ,1abn \ *`ab,1 ]`\]\,1/d1bO aq +\W11 h1Y , 67> ab`*Z*f S +\W11 h1Y Z* ;>> q4mO V*fD \ ,a1y 41YW1 ,S/1b1WS 1-\,m wS4 ,a1f Z*gSy

S ]W1Y1Zx `*aaV*4m,*pb Wp/qY \ *`ab,1 \-* S 56E 57D b\ 1-\,* ]\Y\- Z*Y ]\Zqbn , ]\aW1/ZS1 /ZSH 58D *aV\WnV\ jS`\V\ ]`\]\,1/d1baq +W*-*q ,1abn \ *`ab,1 S Vb\ obSY 4*ZSY*1baqH

5>>

Ë&#x161; )H

\ b\YE hb\ \Z\ a/1W*1b /Wq Wp/1y L bV`\,1ZS1 ;B=MD ZS /1W*pb ob\ +1a]W*bZ\D 1aY\b`q Z* b\ hb\ YZ\O -S1 Wp/S Z1Z*,S/qb ,S/1b1W1y 1-\,m S ]`1aW1/dO pb SfE ]`\]\,1/n +W*-\y ,1abS \ *`ab,1E V*V S ]`1/O aV*4*W SadaE ZShb\ Z1 \ab*Z\,Sb L dVS 65B5;MD

Ë&#x161; %H

\-W*aZm WS ,m a b1YE hb\ Ym 3S,1Y , ]\O aW1/ZS1 /ZSH Ë&#x2122;1yab,Sb1WnZ\E a1-\/Zq Sa]\WZqpbaq YZ\-S1 ]`\`\h1ab,* \ ]\aW1/ZSf /ZqfD \,a1Y aV\O `\ 1-\,* \ab*Z\,Sb ]`\]\,1/n +W*-\y ,1abSD w \-/*

]`S/1b V\Z1gx L *be1q 68B58MD w \Zg\Yx ab*Z1b `O Y*-1//\Z P ,\yZ*E , V\b\`\y \- ]\V\ZhSb a\ 4W\YD

\ ,\W1 1-\,m Sada S 1-\ Y\-dk1ab,1ZZm1 *Z-1Wm dZShb\3*b ,a1fE Vb\ \bV*4m,*1baq aWdj*bnaq \-* L6 1aa*W\ZSVSyg*Y 5B:P=MD *b*Z* S /1Y\Zm +\Wnj1 ZSV\-\ Z1 aY\-db \+Y*ZdbnD p/SE V\b\`m1 4*f\bqb aWdj*bnaq \-* S 3Sbn ]\/ ]`*,W1ZS1Y 1-\ *`ab,*E d,S/qbE V*V Sa]\WZqbaq ,a1 \+1k*ZSq \-* L bV`\,1O ZS1 6>B5P7C 65B7P9MD

5: S`E V\b\`mY ]`*,Sb *b*Z*E aV\`\ ]`S/1b V V\ZgdD \ob\Yd ,*3Z\ a]`\aSbn a1+qB w b\ /\W31Z /1W*bn qHx 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m ,m V*V Y\3Z\ WdhO j1 d4Z*WS S+WSpD \ob\Yd V S4dh1ZSp S+WSS ab\O

Sb \bZ1abSan a1`n14Z\ L \*ZZ* 5;B7MD *3/dp Z1/1Wp d ,S/1b1W1y 1-\,m ]`\f\/qb a\,Y1abZm1 ,ab`1hSE Z* V\b\`mf Y\3Z\ Wdhj1 d4Z*bn S+WSpD b*`*yb1an ]`Sf\/Sbn Z* obS ,ab`1hS `1-dWq`Z\D L `\hSb*yb1 59

59D *M \-W*aZm WS ,m a b1YE hb\ Ym 3S,1Y , ]\aW1/ZS1 /ZSE S ]\h1O YdH +M b\ +d/1b a b1YS Wp/nYSE V\b\`m1 +d/db aWdj*bnaq \-*E S a b1YSE Vb\ Z1 +d/dbH 5:D b\ ,*Y Zd3Z\ /1W*bn , a,q4S a b1YE hb\ V\Z1g \h1Zn +WS4V\H

w'b* +W*-*q ,1abn \ g*`ab,1 +d/1b ]`\]\,1/*Z* ]\ ,a1y \+Sb*1Y\y 41YW1x L *be1q 68B58M

5>6

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x161;,`1qY 5>B68E 69DM Ë&#x161;aWS ,m ]\ZqWSE hb\ ,*Y Zd3Z\ hb\Ob\ , a1+1 S4Y1ZSbnE Z1 +\yb1an ob\ a/1W*bnD \-O

/* ,*j* /`d3+* a 1-\,\y ab*Z1b 1k1 V`1]h1 L *V\O ,* 8B<MD 5;

]\ab\W *,1W Z*]Sa*WE hb\ /Wq +\WnjSZab,* Wp/1y V\Z1g ob\-\ 4W\-\ YS`* Z*abd]Sb Z1\3S/*ZO

Z\ P w]`S/1b b\hZ\ b*VE V*V ,\` Z\hnpx L5 1aa*W\O ZSVSyg*Y 9B6MD Sada ]`1/aV*4*WE hb\ YZ\-S1 Wp/S Z1

4*f\bqb 4*Y1h*bn ]`S4Z*VS b\-\E hb\ Ym 3S,1Y , ]\O aW1/ZS1 /ZSD Z \+lqaZSWB w *V +mW\ , /ZS \qE b*V +d/1b S ,\ ,`1Yq ]`Sadbab,Sq mZ* h1W\,1h1aV\-\D *V , /ZS ]1`1/ ]\b\]\Y Wp/S 1WS S ]SWSE 31ZSWSan

S ,mf\/SWS 4*Yd3 /\ b\-\ /ZqE V\-/* \y ,\j1W ,

V\,h1-E S Z1 4*/dYm,*WSanE ]\V* Z1 ]`Sj1W ]\b\] S

Z1 dZ1a ,a1fE b*V +d/1b S ,\ ,`1Yq ]`Sadbab,Sq mZ* h1W\,1h1aV\-\x L *be1q 68B7;P7=MD 5<

\aV\WnVd V\Z1g +d/1b wZ1\3S/*ZZmYE V*V W\O ,djV*xE Sada ]`1/d]`1/SWB w ZSY*b1WnZ\ aW1/Sb1 4* a\+\yE hb\+m ,*jS a1`/g* Z1 \bq-\k*WSan ]1`1O 1/*ZS1YE ]nqZab,\Y S 3Sb1yaVSYS 4*+\b*YSxD Z

]`S4,*WB w \/`ab,dyb1E ,a1 ,`1Yq da1`/Z\ Y\Wqan \ b\YE hb\+m ,m aY\-WS S4+13*bn ,a1-\E hb\ /\WO 3Z\ ]`\S4\ybSE S \ab*bnaq ab\qbn ]1`1/ mZ\Y h1W\,1h1aVSYx L dVS 65B78P7:MD \h1Yd ,*3Z\ ]`SO aWdj*bnaq V aW\,*Y Sada*H \b\Yd hb\ \h1Zn aV\`\ 4W\y YS` *b*Zm +d/1b dZShb\31ZE * a]*abSan S ,1hO Z\ 3Sbn , Z\,\Y YS`1 aY\-db b\WnV\ b1E V\-\ \/\+`qO pb 1-\,* S Sada L \*ZZ* 7B5:C 6 1b`* 7B57MD 5;D \h1Yd /Wq +\WnjSZab,* Wp/1y V\Z1g 4W\-\ YS`* Z*abd]Sb Z1\O 3S/*ZZ\H

5<D h1Y ]`1/d]`13/*W SadaH

˚ E

˙˚ ˙ #˚ w) `*aaV*4m,*p a a*Y\-\ Z*h*W* \ b\YE hb\ +d/1b

, V\Zg1E S a /`1,ZSf ,`1Y1Z P \ b\YE hb\ 1k1 Z1 a/1W*Z\x L a*Sq 8:B5>MD

b\ Z*Y S4,1abZ\ \ ]1`S\/1 ,`1Y1ZS ]1`1/ V\Zg\Y ob\-\ YS`*H ˙*ZSSW ;B57E 58 5=58 -\/d Sada `Sab\a

ab*W *`1Y Z* Z1+1D *be1q 68B7P58 Sada ]`1/aV*4*WE hb\ Z* 41YO W1 Z*ab*Zdb b`d/Zm1 ,`1Y1Z*D

bV`\,1ZS1 56B;P=E 56 aV\`1 ]\aW1 b\-\ V*V Sada

ab*W *`1YE \Z a+`\aSW *b*O Zd a Z1+1a Z* 41YWpD *b*Z* , q`\abSE ,1/nE /\ b\-\ V*V \WSjSb 1-\ ,W*abSE d Z1-\

w\ab*1baq Y*W\ ,`1Y1ZSxD

% ˝ ˚ ˚˙ ˚ ˙ w b\ +d/1b ]`S4Z*V\YDDD 4*,1`j1ZSq aSab1Ym ,1k1yHx L *be1q 68B7MD

˛*Y1bSWS WS ,mE hb\ +S+W1yaVS1 ]`\`\h1ab,* \ ]\aW1/ZSf /Zqf Sa]\WZqpbaq a1-\/ZqH *be1q 68B;C dVS 65B55 Z*jS /ZS V*V ZSV\-/* `*Znj1 YZ\-\ ,\yZE 41YW1O b`qa1ZSyE +\W14Z1y S /`d-Sf ]`\+W1YD 6 SY\e1p 7B5P9 p/S ,1/db a1+q b*VE V*V ]`1/aV*4m,*W *]\ab\W *,1WD

˙*ZSSW 56B8 Wd3Sb1WS \-* V*V ZSV\-/* ]`13/1 -Wd+\V\ ]\ZSY*pb S+WSpD *be1q 68B58 W*-*q ,1abn \ *`ab,1 ]`\]\,1/d1baq ]\ ,a1y 41YW1D

5>8

˝ ˙˚ & H

w˙1Zn 1-\,m ]`S/1b b\hZ\ b*VE V*V ,\` Z\hnpx L5 1aa*W\ZSVSyg*Y 9B6MD

b\ b`1+d1baq \b ,*aH

\*ZZ* 5;B7

1`n14Z\ \bZ\aSb1an V S4dh1ZSp S+WSSD ˚,`1qY 5>B68E 69 `Sadbab,dyb1 Z* ,ab`1h*f a\+`*ZSq ,S/1b1W1y 1-\,mD

*V\,* 8B< /1W*yb1 Z1\+f\/SYm1 S4Y1Z1ZSq , 3S4ZSE hb\+m ab*bn +WS31 V \-dD dVS 65B78P7: d/nb1 a\a`1/\b\h1ZZmYS Z* aWd31ZSS \-dD

5>

˙ ˚ ˙˚

˚ f\h1bE hb\+m Ym 4Z*WS ]`*,/d \+ *Z-1W*fE ]\O b\Yd hb\ \ZS P h*abn 1-\ a1YnSD S+WSq Z*4m,*1b *ZO -1W\, wamZ\,nqYS \-*x L \, 7<B;MD 1Y 4*ZSY*pbaq *Z-1WmH \Y\-*pb WS \ZS Wp/qYH \-db WS \ZS ]\O Y\hn Z*YH L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 <DM 6

*V ]\q,SWSan *Z-1WmH \W\aaqZ*Y 5B5: aV*4*Z\E hb\E ]\aW1 b\-\ V*V 1-\,* a\4/*W Sada*E +mW\ a\b,\O

`1Z\ w,a1 \ab*WnZ\1 Z* Z1+1 S Z* 41YW1xE , b\Y hSaW1 S *Z-1WmD V\WnV\ Sf ,a1-\H S+WSq -\,\`SbE hb\ +mO WS a\4/*Zm a\bZS YSWWS\Z\, *Z-1W\, L a*W\Y 5>7B6>C bV`\,1ZS1 9B55MD 7 Z-1Wm ]\q,SWSan 1k1 /\ a\b,\`1ZSq 41YWSD VZS-1 \, `*aaV*4m,*1baqE hb\ *Z-1Wm \h1Zn `*/\O ,*WSanE ,S/qE V*V 1-\,* a\4/*,*W 41YWpD b\ ,`1Yq *Z-1Wm ,a1 ,Y1ab1 P V*V \/Z* a1Ynq P aWd3SWS 1-\O ,1 L \, 7<B8P;MD

˚ %

( ˝ ˚ )

8

Z-1Wm ,a1-/* SZb1`1a\,*WSan 3S4Znp Wp/1y S

,a1-/* f\b1WS 4Z*bnE , h1Y a\ab\Sb ,\Wq 1-\,m , \bO Z\j1ZSS 41YWS S h1W\,1h1ab,* L `SbhS <B7>E 75C 5 1b`* 5B55E 56MD \Z1hZ\E \ZS \h1Zn \-\`hSWSanE V\-/* /*Y S ˚,* `1jSWS Z1 aWdj*bnaq \-*D *,1`ZqV* Sf 5D \h1Yd Zd3Z\ 4Z*bn ]`*,/d \+ *Z-1W*fH 6D *V ]\q,SWSan *Z-1Wm S aV\WnV\ SfH 7D b\ , \,1 7<B8P; `*aaV*4m,*1baq \+ *Z-1W*fH 8D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ *Z-1Wm SZb1`1adpbaq 3S4Znp Wp/1yH

5>:

Ë&#x161; )H

1k1 +\Wnj1 `*aab`*S,*1b b\E hb\ +\WnjSZab,\ Wp/1y a1-\/Zq b\31 Z1 aWdj*pbaq 1-\,dD \b ]\h1Yd *ZO -1Wm `*/dpbaqE V\-/* Vb\Ob\ S4 Wp/1y `*aV*S,*1baq S ]`Sf\/Sb V \-d L dVS 59B5>MD \Z1hZ\E *Z-1W\, ]\O \a\+1ZZ\Yd ,\WZd1b 3S4Zn b1fE Vb\ aWd3Sb \-dD b\O +m ]\4*+\bSbnaq \ a,\Sf aWd3Sb1Wqf SWS 4*kSbSbn SfE 1-\,* ]\amW*1b Z* ]\Y\kn *Z-1W\, LË&#x161;,`1qY 5B;E 58MD *aaY\b`SY Z1aV\WnV\ ]`SY1`\,D w \y \- ]\aW*W a,\1-\ *Z-1W*E hb\+m 4*V`mbn ]*abS Wn,\,x LË&#x2122;*ZSSW :B66M

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;

5>;

9

1-\,* ]\aW*W /,df *Z-1W\,E hb\+m ]\Y\hn \bd S 1-\ a1Yn1 d+13*bnE V\-/* dZShb\3*WSan -\`\/* \/\Y S \Y\``* L mbS1 5=B59E 5:MD \-/* ]`\`\V* Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW* +`\aSWS , qYd a\ Wn,*YSE w \- ]\aW*W a,\1-\ *Z-1W*E

hb\+m 4*V`mbn ]*abS Wn,\,xD *V Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW +mW a]*a1Z LË&#x2122;*ZSSW :B66MD 1-\,* ]\aW*W *Z-1W*E hb\+m \a,\+\O /Sbn *]\ab\W* 1b`* S4 bp`nYm LË&#x2122;1qZSq 56B:P55MD \-O /* Sada +mW Z* 41YW1E 1Yd b\31 ]\Y\-*WS *Z-1WmD *]`SY1`E S+WSq -\,\`SbE hb\E a`*4d ]\aW1 b\-\ V*V

Sada V`1abSWaqE w*Z-1Wm aWd3SWS 1Ydx L *`V* 5B57MD ]`qY\ ]1`1/ V*4Znp \/SZ S4 *Z-1W\, wdV`1]SW 1-\x L dVS 66B87MD : 1-\/Zq *Z-1W\, Z1,\4Y\3Z\ d,S/1bnD \ \- ]`\O /\W3*1b h1`14 ZSf ]\Y\-*bn Wp/qYD S+WSS aV*4*O Z\B w Z-1W 1-\,m \f`*Zq1b +\qkSfaq Ë&#x161;-\ S a]*a*1b Sfx L a*W\Y 78B;MD \h1Yd Z*Y Zd3Z* 4*kSb* *Z-1W\,H

\b\Yd hb\ d Z*a 1abn aSWnZm1 S 4Wm1 ,`*-SD b\ ob\H bVd/* \ZSH V*VSY \+`*4\Y \ZS f\bqb Z*,`1/Sbn Z*YH b\+m \b,1bSbn Z* obS ,\]`\amE /*,*yb1 ,a]\YO ZSYE hb\ ]`\S4\jW\ ,aV\`1 ]\aW1 b\-\E V*V \- a\4/*W /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,dD

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122; %Ë&#x161;

;

*V Ym d4Z*WS S4 7Oy -W*,mE \/SZ *Z-1W ,\aO ab*W ]`\bS, \-* P \Z 4*f\b1W ,W*abSD S+WSq Z*4mO ,*1b 1-\ *b*Z\y Ë&#x2122;nq,\W\Y L bV`\,1ZS1 56B=MD *b*Z* f\b1WE hb\+m Wp/S b\31 ,\aab*WS ]`\bS, \-*D Ë&#x161;Yd d/*W\an \+Y*Zdbn Ë&#x161;,dE * ]\b\Y S +\WnjSZab,\ Wp/1yE 9D *V *Z-1Wm ]\Y\-*WS aWd3Sb1WqY \-* , ]`\jW\YH :D *M \h1Yd Y\3Z\ +mbn d,1`1ZZmYSE hb\ *Z-1Wm ]\Y\-*pb Z*Y a1O -\/ZqH +M *VS1 ,\]`\am Ym a1yh*a `*aaY\b`SYH ;D h1Yd *b*Z* aVW\ZSW Wp/1yH

5><

Ë&#x161; )H

V\b\`m1 ab*WS 3Sbn Z* 41YW1D \ ,a1 31 Z1V\b\O `m1 \ab*WSan ,1`ZmYS 1-\,1E Z*]`SY1` ,1WnE Ë&#x161;Z\f S \y LË&#x161;,`1qY 55B8E 9E ;MD <

\ ,`1Y1Z* \q Z1V\b\`m1 *Z-1Wm b\31 ,\aab*O WS ]`\bS, \-*D ZS \ab*,SWS a,\y /\Y Z* Z1+1E a]dO abSWSan Z* 41YWp S ]`SZqWS h1W\,1h1aVSy \+WSVD Ë&#x203A;*O h1YH S+WSq -\,\`SbE hb\ \ZS 4*f\b1WS 31ZSbnaq Z* 31ZkSZ*fD L `\hSb*yb1 mbS1 :B6DM \ *Z-1W*Y ob\O -\ /1W*bn +mW\ Z1Wn4q L d/m :MD p/S ]\/ ,WSqZS1Y

obSf 4Wmf *Z-1W\, ab*WS `*4,`*k1ZZmYS S 31ab\VSO YSD \ob\Yd 1-\,* `1jSW Z*,1abS Z* 41YWp ]\b\]E hb\+m dZShb\3Sbn 4Wmf Wp/1y S a]*abS ,1`Zmf L mO bS1 ;B5;E 67MD b\+m Z1 ]\-S+ZdbnE 4WmY *Z-1W*Y ]`SO jW\an ,1`Zdbnaq Z* Z1+\D S+WSS \ZS Z*4m,*pbaq /1Y\Z*YSD Ë&#x2122;1Y\Zm ]`Sa\1/SZSWSan V Yqb13d *b*Zm S b*VSY \+`*4\Y ,m+`*WS Ë&#x2122;nq,\W* a,\SY ]`*,Sb1W1Y L *be1q =B78MD =

1-\,* Z1 ]`SZqW obSf Yqb13ZSV\, \+`*bZ\ , a,\p a1Ynp L6 1b`* 6B8MD \bq a1-\/Zq /1Y\Zm Z1 Y\-db ab*Z\,Sbnaq Wp/nYSE \ZS ]\O]`13Z1Yd ,,\/qb w, 4*+Wd3/1ZS1 ,ap \+Sb*1Ydp 41YWpx L bV`\,1ZS1

56B=C 5 \*ZZ* 9B5=MD Ë&#x2122;*,*yb1 `*aaY\b`SYE V*V SY d/*1bO aq ,,\/Sbn , 4*+Wd3/1ZS1E SWS \+Y*Zm,*bnE b*V YZ\O -\ Wp/1yD L `\hSb*yb1 6 \`SZeqZ*Y 6B55DM

Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; % % ( (Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢ 5>

p/S ,mf\/qb Z* a,q4n a /1Y\Z*YS WS+\ a*Y\ab\O

<D *M *V Z1V\b\`m1 *Z-1Wm ab*WS /1Y\Z*YSH +M b\ a/1W*WS /1Y\O ZmE hb\+m a]*abSan ,\ ,`1Yq ]\b\]*H

=D *M `SZqW WS \- /1Y\Z\, \+`*bZ\ , a,\p a1YnpH +M h1Y Ym d4Z*1Y /*Wnj1H 5>D b\ /1W*pb /1Y\ZmE hb\+m w]\yY*bnxE SWS \+Y*ZdbnE Wp/1yH

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;

5>=

qb1WnZ\E WS+\ h1`14 V\-\Ob\ P j*Y*Z\, SWS oVab`*O a1Za\,D ,q4n a /1Y\Z*YS Z*4m,*1baq /1Y\ZS4Y\YE SWSE ]\O/`d-\YdE a]S`SbS4Y\YD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Ym ZS , V\1Y aWdh*1 Z1 /\W3Zm ]`S+WS3*bnaq V b\YdE hb\ a,q4*Z\ a /1Y\Z*YS L *W*b*Y 9B5=P65MD \O h1YdH \b\Yd hb\ ob\ W\,djV*D *V 31 V*V \f\bZSV Sa]\Wn4d1b `*4Zm1 ]`SY*ZVSE hb\+m ]\yY*bn 4,1O `qE /1Y\Zm b\31 wW\,qbx Wp/1y Z* `*4Zm1 ]`SY*ZVSD L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 6:DM 55

/Z* S4 ]`SY*Z\V /1Y\Z\, P ob\ -*/*ZS1D b\ b*O V\1 -*/*ZS1H 'b\ Sa]\Wn4\,*ZS1 a,1`fl1ab1ab,1ZZ\y

aSWm a g1Wnp d4Z*bn hb\OZS+d/n \ +d/dk1Y SWS \ h1YO b\ Z1S4,1abZ\YD *V Wp/S -*/*pbH 1V\b\`m1 -*/*O

pb ]\ 4,14/*YE /`d-S1 ,1`qb , ]`SY1bmE b`1bnS -*O /*pb Z* V*`b*fE * Vb\Ob\ ]\Wn4d1baq Y*-Sh1aVSY j*`\Y SWS ]`1/aV*4m,*1b +d/dk11 ]\ WSZSqY `dVSD Z\-S1 Wp/S ahSb*pbE hb\ obS 4*ZqbSq +14\+S/ZmE Z\

ob\ Z1 b*VD a1 ob\ \h1Zn \]*aZ\D `SY1`m S4 S+WSS ]\V*4m,*pbE hb\ ]`1/aV*4*b1WS +d/dk1-\ Z*]`qYdp a,q4*Zm a /1Y\Z*YSD *VE , Ë&#x2122;1qZSqf 5:B5:P5< `*aaV*O 4m,*1baq \+ \/Z\y /1,djV1E , V\b\`\y +mW w/1Y\ZO -*/*b1WnxD Z /*,*W 1y aSWd ]`1/aV*4m,*bn +d/dk11D \-/* *]\ab\W *,1W S4-Z*W /1Y\Z*E /1,djV* ]\b1`qO W* obd a]\a\+Z\abnD 56 Ë&#x161;k1 \/Z* ]`SY*ZV*E V\b\`dp Sa]\Wn4dpb /1Y\O ZmEP ob\ \+k1ZS1 a dY1`jSYSD Ë&#x2122;1Y\Zm f\bqbE hb\+m

Ym ]\,1`SWSE hb\ Y1`b,m1 ]`\/\W3*pb -/1Ob\ 3SbnE 55D b\ b*V\1 -*/*ZS1 S ]\h1Yd Z1Wn4q 4*ZSY*bnaq -*/*ZS1YH 56D *M \h1Yd ]mb*bnaq a,q4m,*bnaq a dY1`jSYS \]*aZ\H +M \h1Yd aWd3Sb1WS \-* ZSV\-/* Z1 ab*Zdb dh*ab,\,*bn , Z1V\b\`mf ]\f\`\ZO Zmf \+`q/*fH

Ë&#x2122; & )

) )

% Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2021; 4+*,nb1an \b ,a1-\E hb\ a,q4*Z\ a V\W/\,ab,\YE /1Y\Z*YS S ,a1Y a,1`fl1ab1ab,1ZZmYD Ë&#x2021; 4dh*yb1 S+WSpD Ë&#x2021; \WSb1an \-d 1-\,1D

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;

555

hb\ \ZS Y\-db a Z*YS \+k*bnaq SWS Y\-db Z*O ,`1/SbnD 1V\b\`m1E ]\b1`q, +WS4V\-\ /`d-* SWS `\/O ab,1ZZSV*E \+`*k*pbaq V Wp/qYE V\b\`m1 db,1`3/*O pbE hb\ Y\-db \+k*bnaq a dY1`jSYSD ZSE ,\4Y\3Z\E Y\-db `*aaV*4*bn hb\Ob\ \+ dY1`j1Y SWS /*31 -\O ,\`Sbn 1-\ -\W\a\Y L5 *YdSW* 6<B7P5=MD `\Y1 b\-\E

Z* ,1`1 , b\E hb\ Y1`b,m1 ]`\/\W3*pb -/1Ob\ 3SbnE \aZ\,*Zm YZ\-S1 ]\f\`\ZZm1 \+mh*SD 'b\ `*4WShO Zm1 ]\YSZ*WnZm1 \+`q/mE SWS ]\YSZVSE ]`SZ\j1ZS1 ]\/*`V\, dY1`jSY SWS `Sbd*WmE a,q4*ZZm1 a ]`\k*O ZS1Y a dY1`jSYD Ë&#x203A;* ,a1YS obSYS \+`q/*YS ab\qb /1O Y\ZmD \-/* f`SabS*Z1 \bV*4m,*pbaq dh*ab,\,*bn , b*VSf \+`q/*fE `\/ab,1ZZSVS S a\a1/S Y\-db Sf \adO /SbnE \aV\`+Sbn SWS /*31 ]`1V`*bSbn \+k*bnaqD \ f`SabS*Z1 4Z*pbE hb\ dY1`jS1 ZS-/1 Z1 ]`\/\W3*pb 3SbnE a ZSYS Z1,\4Y\3Z\ a,q4*bnaq S \ZS Z1 Y\-db Z*Y Z*,`1/Sbn L a*W\Y 559B5;MD \ob\Yd +d/nb1 \ab\O

`\3ZmD SV\-/* Z1 ]mb*yb1an ,mybS Z* a,q4n a Y1`O b,mYS SWS a /1Y\Z*YS S Z1 dh*ab,dyb1 , ]\/\+Zmf \+`q/*fD L `\hSb*yb1 b\`\4*V\ZS1 5<B5>E 55C a*Sq <B5=DM 57

Ë&#x2122;1Y\Zm Z1 b\WnV\ \+Y*Zm,*pb Wp/1yE Z\ S /1`O 3*b Sf , ab`*f1D \aV\WnVd d *b*Zm S /1Y\Z\,

w\ab*1baq Y*W\ ,`1Y1ZSxE ]1`1/ b1Y V*V \- d+1`1b

Sf a 41YWSE \ZS ab*Z\,qbaq ,a1 4W11 S *-`1aaS,Z11 L bV`\,1ZS1 56B56E 5;MD /Z*V\ bmaqhS Wp/1yE V\b\`m1 `*Znj1 3SWS , ]\ab\qZZ\Y ab`*f1 ]1`1/ /1Y\Z*YSE ]1`1ab*WS Sf +\qbnaqD *V 31 \ZS \a,\+\/SWSan \b ,WSqZSq /1Y\Z\,H 57D b\ aY\-WS a/1W*bn b1E Vb\ `*Znj1 3SW , ab`*f1 ]1`1/ /1O Y\Z*YSH

556

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x2122; & )

) ) Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;

58

S+WSq dhSb Z*aE V*V Y\3Z\ S4+*,Sbnaq \b ,WSqO ZSq /1Y\Z\,D *]`SY1`E , Z1y `*aaV*4m,*1baq \ 3Sb1O Wqf -\`\/* 'e1aE V\b\`m1E /\ b\-\ V*V d4Z*bn SabSZd \ \-1E \+k*WSan a /1Y\Z*YSD *V SY d/*W\an \a,\+\O /Sbnaq \b ,WSqZSq /1Y\Z\,H Ë&#x2122;1qZSqf 5=B5= 4*]Sa*O Z\B w 4 4*ZSY*,jSfaq Y*-S1y /\,\WnZ\ YZ\-S1 a\+`*O WS a,\S VZS-S S a\3-WS Sf ]1`1/ ,a1YSxD ZS f\b1WS ab*bn f`SabS*Z*YSE S ]\ob\Yd dZShb\3SWS a,\S VZS-S ]\ Y*-SSD Ë&#x161;aWS a1-\/Zq Vb\Ob\ f\h1b ab*bn aWd3Sb1W1Y

1-\,mE 1Yd Z1\+f\/SY\ a/1W*bn b\ 31 a*Y\1 P S4+*O ,Sbnaq \b ,a1-\E hb\ a,q4*Z\ a /1Y\Z*YSD 'b\ Y\-db +mbn VZS-SE 3d`Z*WmE -\`\aV\]mE eSWnYmE Yd4mV*E S-O

`m SWS ]W*V*bm P ,a1E S4O4* h1-\ V\W/\,ab,\E \+k1ZS1 a /1Y\Z*YS SWS a,1`fl1ab1ab,1ZZm1 q,W1ZSq V*3dbaq SZb1`1aZmYS S +14\+S/ZmYSD p/* Y\3Z\ b*V31 \bO Z1abS ]`1/Y1bmE V\b\`m1 Sa]\Wn4dpbaq V*V 4*kSb* \b 4W* L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 5>B65MD 59

Ë&#x2122;*31 a]dabq -\/m ]\aW1 b\-\E V*V f`SabS*Z1 S4 'e1a* S4+*,SWSan \b VZS- ]\ Y*-SSE *]\ab\W *O ,1W ]`S4m,*W Sf ]`\/\W3*bn ,1abS +\`n+d a\ w4WmO YS /df\,ZmYS aSW*YSx L'e1aqZ*Y :B56MD \h1YdH \b\O Yd hb\ /1Y\Zm ]\O]`13Z1Yd ]mb*WSan Z*,`1/Sbn SYD

b\ 1k1 obSY f`SabS*Z*Y Zd3Z\ +mW\ /1W*bnH ]\aO b\W *,1W Z*]Sa*WB w \4nYSb1 +\Wnj\y kSb ,1`mE V\b\`mY ,m aY\31b1 ]\-*aSbn SWS \ab*Z\,Sbn ,a1 -\`qkS1 ab`1Wm Ë&#x203A;W\-\x L'e1aqZ*Y :B5:MD \/\+Z\ b\Yd V*V kSb 4*kSk*1b ,\SZ*E Z*a +d/1b 4*kSk*bn Z*j*

,1`*D Ë&#x161;aWS Ym b,1`/\ ,1`SY , b\E hb\ 1-\,* adY11b 58D *VE ]\/\+Z\ f`SabS*Z*Y S4 'e1a*E Y\3Z\ S4+*,Sbnaq \b ,WSqO ZSq /1Y\Z\, a1-\/ZqH

59D b\ 1k1 Z*Y Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m /*bn \b]\` *b*Z1 S /1Y\Z*YH

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161;

557

Z*a 4*kSbSbnE Ym aY\31Y /*bn \b]\` *b*Z1 S /1Y\O Z*Y L *be1q 5;B6>MD 5: b\ ]\Y\31b Z*Y dV`1]Sbn ,1`d , 1-\,dH 1\+O f\/SY\ V*3/my /1Zn hSb*bn S+WSp S dhSbnaq /\,1O `qbn 1-\,1D \-/* *b*Z* S /1Y\Zm Z1 aY\-db Z*Y Z*O ,`1/Sbn L5 \*ZZ* 9B9MD 5; 'e1a +mW -\`\/\YE ]\WZmY /1Y\ZS4Y*E ]\ob\Yd

*]\ab\W *,1W a\,1b\,*W 3S,jSY , Z1Y f`SabS*O Z*Y Y\WSbnaq w,aqVSy `*4x L'e1aqZ*Y :B5<MD 'b\ \4Z*O h*W\E hb\ SY Zd3Z\ +mW\ Y\WSbnaq \ 4*kSb1 ]\ab\qZO

Z\D Z*YH m b\31 3S,1Y , YS`1E ]\WZ\Y /1Y\ZS4Y*D

\ob\Yd Z*Y b\31 Zd3Z\ ]`\aSbn 1-\,d \ 4*kSb1 S , Y\WSb,1 \+`*k*bnaq V Z1Yd ]\ SY1ZSD L `\hSb*yb1 `SbhS 5<B5>DM Ë&#x161;aWS Ym +d/1Y ]`\aSbn 1-\,d S4+*O ,Sbn Z*a \b *b*ZmE \Z \b,1bSb Z* Z*jd ]`\an+d L a*O W\Y 589B5=C *be1q :B57MD 5< b*VE 1aWS Ym S4+*,SYaq \b ,a1-\E hb\ a,q4*Z\ a /1Y\ZS4Y\YE S Z1 +d/1Y a\YZ1,*bnaq , b\YE hb\ 1-\O ,* Z*a 4*kSbSbE Ym aY\31Y /*bn \b]\` *b*Z1 S /1Y\O Z*YD 1 Z*/\ Sf +\qbnaqD L `\hSb*yb1 *V\,* 8B;E <DM

1-\,* -\`*4/\ aSWnZ11 /1Y\Z\,D Ë&#x161;k1 , /ZS \q \ZS +mWS Z*V*4*Zm \-\YE * , +d/dk1Y \Z dZShb\3Sb Sf a\O ,a1Y L d/m :MD 1 4*+m,*yb1E hb\ Ym +\`1Yaq Z1 \/ZS P

1-\,* 4*kSk*1b Z*a h1`14 *Z-1W\, L6 *`1y :B59P5;MD d/nb1 d,1`1ZmB a ]\Y\knp 1-\,m Y\3Z\ ]\+1/Sbn *b*Zd S /1Y\Z\, L5 1b`* 9B:E ;C 6 1b`* 6B=MD 5= \ 1aWS *b*Z* S /1Y\Zm ]`ShSZqpb ab\WnV\ -\O `qE ]\h1Yd \- /\ aSf ]\` Sf Z1 dZShb\3SWH m d4Z*O 1Y \+ ob\Y S4 aW1/dpk1y -W*,mD 5:D b\ ]\Y\31b Z*Y dV`1]Sbn ,1`dH

5;D *V 1k1 Ym Y\31Y ]\WdhSbn 4*kSbd \b /1Y\Z\,H 5<E 5=D *M *V Y\3Z\ ]\+1/Sbn *b*Zd S /1Y\Z\,H +M b\ Ym d4Z*1Y S4 aW1/dpk1y -W*,mH

˚ % P % &) w W*-\aW\,Sb1 1-\,dE *Z-1Wm 1-\E V`1]VS1 aSW\yx L a*W\Y 5>7B6>MD

b\ Z*Y S4,1abZ\ \+ *Z-1W*fH

\, 7<B8P;

1-\,* a\4/*W *Z-1W\, 1k1 /\ a\b,\`1ZSq ˛1YWSD

bV`\,1ZS1 9B55 dk1ab,dpb YSWWS\Zm *Z-1W\,D

5 1b`* 5B55E 56 Z-1Wm ,a1-/* f\b1WS 4Z*bnE

, h1Y a\ab\Sb ,\Wq 1-\,m , \bZ\j1ZSS 41YWSD dVS 59B5> Z-1W\, ]\O\a\+1ZZ\Yd ,\WZd1b 3S4Zn b1fE Vb\ aWd3Sb \-dD

˚ % (

˝ ˚ ) H w Z-1W 1-\,m \f`*Zq1b +\qkSfaq ˚-\ S a]*a*1b Sfx L a*W\Y 78B;MD

bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ *Z-1Wm Y\-db ]\Y\-*bn Wp/qYH mbS1 5=B59E 5:C ˙*ZSSW :B66C dVS 66B87C ˙1qZSq 56B:P55 Z-1Wm ]\Y\-*WS \bdE ˙*ZSSO WdE Sadad S 1b`dD

˚,`1qY 5B;E 58 1-\/Zq 1-\,* b\31 ]\amW*1b *Z-1W\,E hb\+m ]\4*+\bSbnaq \ a,\Sf aWd3Sb1Wqf SWS 4*kSO bSbn SfD

559

˛ %˚ ˚ % )

˚˙ & w b\+m Z1 ]1`1fSb`SW Z*a *b*Z*E ]\b\Yd hb\ Ym Z1 Z*f\/SYaq , Z1,1/1ZSS \ 1-\ dYmaW*fx L6 \`SZeqZ*Y 6B55MD

b\ b*VS1 /1Y\Zm S ]\h1Yd Y\3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ \ZS \]*aZmH

bV`\,1ZS1 56B= /SZ S4 *Z-1W\, ,\aab*W ]`\bS, 1-\,mD S+WSq Z*4m,*1b 1-\ *b*Z\yD

*be1q =B78 'bS *Z-1Wm ]`Sa\1/SZSWSan V Yqb13d *b*ZmD *V \ZS ab*WS /1Y\Z*YSD

mbS1 :B6 \ ,`1Y1Z* \q Z1V\b\`m1 *Z-1Wm b\31 ,\aab*WS ]`\bS, \-* S a]dabSWSan Z* 41YWpD

b\`\4*V\ZS1 5<B5>E 55 ˙1Y\Zm \+Y*Zm,*pb Wp/1y S ]mb*pbaq Z*,`1/Sbn SY a*YmYS `*4ZmYS a]\a\+*YSD

% ˝˚ ˚ ˙ &

˚ ˙˚ w `\bS,\ab*Znb1 ˙nq,\WdE S \Z d+13Sb \b ,*ax L *V\,* 8B;MD

b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m 1-\,* ]\Y\-*W ,*Y ]`\bSO ,\ab\qbn *b*Z1 S /1Y\Z*YH ˙1qZSq 5=B5= 4+*,nb1an \b ,a1-\E hb\ a,q4*O Z\ a /1Y\ZS4Y\YE , b\Y hSaW1 \b b\-\E hb\ ]`1/ab*,Wq1b V\W/\,O ab,\E /1Y\Z\, S a,1`fl1ab1O ab,1ZZm1 q,W1ZSq h1YOb\ +1O 4\+S/ZmY S ]`S,W1V*b1WnZmYD

'e1aqZ*Y :B5:E 5< V`1]Wqyb1 ,1`dE S4dh*q S+O WSp S Y\Wqan \-d \ 4*kSb1D `SbhS 5<B5> \WSb1an 1-\,1E \+`*k*qan V Z1Yd ]\ SY1ZSD

55

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x203A; H

`*4`dj*1b g1Wmy -\`\/D \\`d31ZZmy h1O W\,1V ]`Sf\/Sb , b\`-\,my g1Zb` S `*aab`1WS,*1b Wp/1yD *bn ]qb1`mf /1b1y dYS`*1b \b `*V*D 6 \-/* Wp/S aWmj*b \ b*VSf Z1ah*abnqf S +1/ab,SO qfE d ZSf ,\4ZSV*1b ,\]`\aB w \h1YdHx f +1a]\V\SbE ]\h1Yd , YS`1 ab\WnV\ Z1Z*,SabS S ab`*/*ZSyD Ë&#x203A;*/*O ,*WS WS ,m a1+1 b*V\y ,\]`\aH

7 4 S+WSS Ym d4Z*1YE hb\ ]\/\+Zm1 ,\]`\am 4*/*O ,*WS /*31 b1 Wp/SE d V\b\`mf +mW* V`1]V*q ,1`* , \O -*D *]`SY1`E ]`\`\V ,,*VdY a]`*jS,*W 1-\,dB w \O

h1Yd bm /*1jn YZ1 ,S/1bn 4W\ S aY\b`Sjn Z* Z1ah*O

abn1H \h1Yd ]1`1/\ YZ\y -`*+13 S Z*aSWS1H \h1Yd ]`\Saf\/qb aa\`m S a1pbaq `*4/\`mHx L ,,*VdY 5B7MD 8 ,,*VdY* 6B6E 7 4*]Sa*Z\E hb\â&#x20AC;¹ \- \b,1bSW ob\O Yd ]`\`\VdD \W11 b\-\E \- ]\\+1k*W ,,*VdYd SaO ]`*,Sbn aSbd*gSpD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ 1-\,* \h1Zn Wp+Sb Wp/1yD Z1y 4*]Sa*Z\B w Z 4*+\bSbaq \ ,*ax L5 1b`* 9B;MD * a*Y\Y /1W1E \- Z1Z*,S/Sb 4W\ S ab`*/*ZSq /*31 +\Wnj1E h1Y YmD \-/* ]\h1Yd , YS`1 b*V YZ\-\ 4W*H Ë&#x2122;*,*yb1 d4Z*1Y \b,1b S4 S+WSSD 9

Ë&#x161; (Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x2122; ( H Z\-S1 a,qk1ZZSVS S `1WS-S\4Zm1 dhSb1Wq -\,\O

5E 6D b\ +1a]\V\Sb YZ\-Sf Wp/1yH 7E 8D *M *VS1 ,\]`\am ,,*VdY 4*/*W 1-\,1H +M b\ \b,1bSW 1Yd 1-\,*H 9D b\ -\,\`qb YZ\-S1 a,qk1ZZSVSE V\-/* ]`\Saf\/qb Z1ah*abnqH b\ \ Z1ah*abnqf -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSSH

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x203A; H

55;

`qbE hb\ Wp/S ab`*/*pbE ]\b\Yd hb\ b*V\,* ,\Wq \-*D Ë&#x2122;`d-S1 db,1`3/*pbE hb\ \- 4*`*Z11 `1j*1bE V*VS1 a\+mbSq S /*31 Z1ah*abnq ]`\S4\y/db , 3S4ZS h1W\O ,1V*E S hb\ h1W\,1V ZSV\-/* Z1 aY\31b ]\ZqbnE ]\h1O Yd a ZSY ob\ ]`\S4\jW\D b`1bnS -\,\`qbE hb\ Wp/SE , b\Y hSaW1 S /1bSE dYS`*pbE ]\b\Yd hb\ \- 4*+S`*O

1b Sf V a1+1 Z* Z1+\D \ ,a1 ob\ W\3nD 1-\,* Z1 Y\31b +mbn ]`ShSZ\y Z1ah*abSyD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqB w 1 Y\31b SabSZZmy \- ]\abd]*bn Z1h1abS,\ S a1Y\-dO kSy /1yab,\,*bn Z1a]`*,1/WS,\Ix L \, 78B5>MD :

Z\-S1 Wp/S ahSb*pbE hb\ ,\ ,a1f +1/*f Z* 41YW1 ,SZ\,1Z \-EP \ZS /dY*pbE hb\ ob\ \Z ]`*,Sb YS`\YD \E V*V Ym d4Z*WS S4 7Oy -W*,mE Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 YS`\Y ]`*,Sb *b*Z*D ;

S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ w,1an YS` W13Sb ,\ ,W*abS Ë&#x203A;W\-\x L5 \*ZZ* 9B5=MD `*,Sb1Wn YS`*E *b*O Z* Ë&#x2122;nq,\WE \h1Zn 31ab\VSyD Z ,,\/Sb w, 4*+Wd3/1O ZS1 ,ap \+Sb*1Ydp 41YWpx L bV`\,1ZS1 56B=MD 4O4* 1-\ ,WSqZSq YZ\-S1 Wp/S b\31 ab*Z\,qbaq 31ab\VSO YSD 'b\ \/Z* S4 ]`ShSZE ]\h1Yd , YS`1 ab\WnV\ W3SE Z1Z*,SabS S Z*aSWSqD <

dk1ab,dpb S /`d-S1 ]`ShSZmD \aW1 b\-\ V*V /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* ,\aab*WS ]`\bS, \-*E \ZS ]1`1O ab*WS +mbn a\,1`j1ZZmYS S ]1`1/*WS -`1f a,\SY ]\O

b\YV*YD `1f P ob\ 1k1 \/Z* ]`ShSZ* Z1ah*abSyD 4O 4* b\-\E hb\ Wp/S -`1jZm1E \ZS a\]1`ZSh*pb /`d- a /`d-\YE +\`pbaq 4* ,W*abnE ,\ppb S ]`Sb1aZqpb /`d- /`d-* L'VVW14S*ab 8B5C <B=MD *V31 Z1ah*abnq ]`\O Saf\/qb S4O4* w,`1Y1ZS S aWdh*qx L'VVW14S*ab =B55MD :D \h1Yd YZ\-S1 Wp/S ahSb*pbE hb\ \- ,SZ\,1Z ,\ ,a1f +1/*fH ;E <D \h1Yd , YS`1 b*V YZ\-\ Z1ah*abSyH

55<

Ë&#x161; )H

'b\ 4Z*hSbE hb\ h1W\,1V Y\31b ]\]*abn , +1/dE ]`\O ab\ \V*4*,jSan , Z1]\/f\/qk1Y Y1ab1 , Z1]\/f\/qO k11 ,`1YqD = 1-\,* Z1 /1W*1b Wp/qY 4W*D Z Z1 ,SZ\,1Z , b\YE hb\ Wp/S a\,1`j*pb ]`1abd]W1ZSqE ,\ppb S d-Z1b*O pb /`d- /`d-*D *V31 \Z Z1 ,SZ\,*b , b\YE hb\ ]`\Saf\O /qb 41YW1b`qa1ZSqE d`*-*ZmE Z*,\/Z1ZSq S /`d-S1

+1/ab,SqD ,a1 31 ,*a Y\31b ,\WZ\,*bn ,\]`\aB wË&#x161;aO WS 1-\,* P a1Y\-dkSyE ]\h1Yd \Z Z1 ]\V\ZhSb a\ 4W\YHx S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ \- \h1Zn Wp+Sb Z*aD

Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE d Z1-\ /\W3Z* +mbn a1`n14Z*q ]`ShSZ*E ]\h1O Yd \Z /\]daV*1bE hb\+m Ym ab`*/*WS L5 \*ZZ* 8B<MD

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; E % % Ë&#x2122;

'/1YaV\Y a*/d *b*Z* \+Y*ZdW /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,dD Z 4*q,SWE hb\ 1-\,* P ]W\f\y ]`*,Sb1WnD *b*Z* aV*O 4*WE hb\ \- aV`m,*1b \b ZSf hb\Ob\ f\`\j11D Ë&#x2122;nq,\W f\b1W d+1/Sbn Wp/1y , b\YE hb\ \Z +d/1b ]`*,Sbn WdhO j1 1-\,m S hb\ Wp/qY Z1 Zd31Z \- L mbS1 7B6P9C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 6;MD 55 /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* ]\jWS ]`\bS, 1-\,m S ]1`1ab*O WS 1-\ aWdj*bnaqD ZS ]\/dY*WSE hb\ Y\-db a*YS `1O j*bnE hb\ f\`\j\E * hb\ ]W\f\D *V 1-\,* Y\- /\V*O 4*bnE hb\ \ZS Z1]`*,m S hb\ b\WnV\ \Z 4Z*1bE V*V a/1O W*bn Z*a ah*abWS,mYSH 56 1-\,* Z1 ab*W dZShb\3*bn /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,dE ]\b\Yd 5>

=D \h1Yd Ym Y\31Y +mbn d,1`1ZmE hb\ d \-* 1abn a1`n14Z*q ]`ShSO Z*E ]\ V\b\`\y \Z /\]daV*1b ab`*/*ZSqH 5>D b\ *b*Z* aV*4*W \+ 1-\,1H 55D * V*V\y ,\]`\a Z*Y Zd3Z\ 4Z*bn \b,1bH 56E 57D *M \h1Yd 1-\,* Z1 ab*W dZShb\3*bn /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,dH +M \h1O Yd 1-\,* /\]dabSWE hb\+m *b*Z* ab*W ]`*,Sbn YS`\Y S hb\+m WpO /S a\4/*WS a,\S ]`*,Sb1Wnab,*H

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x203A; H

55=

hb\ ]\ 1-\ 4*YmaWd Z* 41YW1 /\W3Zm +mWS 3Sbn a\O ,1`j1ZZm1 Wp/SD \- ]\4,\WSWE hb\+m d /*Y* S Ë&#x161;,m ]\q,SWSan /1bSE V\b\`m1 b\31 Y\-WS +m ,m+`*bnE V\O Yd ]\/hSZqbnaqD *VSY \+`*4\YE Z1aY\b`q Z* ,a1 ]\O

]mbVS Ë&#x2122;nq,\W* ]\Y1j*bn \-dE 4*Yma1W \-* ,a1 `*,O Z\ Sa]\WZSWaq +m L mbS1 5B6<C a*Sq 99B5>E 55MD

57 *b*Z* \VW1,1b*W 1-\,d Lb\ 1abn aV*4*W \ Z1Y Z1]`*,/dM ]1`1/ YSWWS\Z*YS *Z-1W\, L \, 7<B;C Ë&#x2122;*O ZSSW ;B5>MD b\+m *b*Z* ]\]`\+\,*W /\V*4*bn a,\p ]`*,\bdE 1-\,* /*W 1Yd ,`1YqD *V31 \- /*W ,`1Yq Wp/qYE hb\+m \ZS ]\/ `dV\,\/ab,\Y *b*Zm a\4/*WS a,\S ]`*,Sb1Wnab,* S ]\]mb*WSan /\V*4*bnE hb\ Y\O -db a*YS f\`\j\ d]`*,Wqbn a\+\y S hb\ \- SY Z1 ZdO 31ZD 58

maqhS W1b Wp/S ]mb*WSan d]`*,Wqbn a\+\yE Z\ d ZSf Z1 ]\Wdh*W\an /1W*bn ob\ f\`\j\D \ ,`1Y1Z1Y ab*W\ qaZ\E hb\ *b*Z* P W31g S hb\ +14 ]\Y\kS \-* Wp/S Z1 Y\-db da]1jZ\ ]`*,Sbn /`d- /`d-\YD \b hb\ \+ ob\Y Z*]Sa*W ]`\`\V 1`1YSqB wË&#x203A;Z*pE \ 1-\,*E hb\ Z1 ,\ ,W*abS h1W\,1V* 1-\ ]dbnD 1 Y\31b S/dkSy Z*]`*,Wqbn a,\S j*-Sx L 1`1YSq 5>B67MD

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;

H 59

\h1Yd 1-\,* /\]dabSWE hb\+m Wp/S ab`*/*WS b*V /\W-\H \h1Yd \Z Z1 ]\W\3Sb ob\Yd V\Z1gH \b\O Yd hb\ ,a1Y /\W3Z\ +mW\ ab*bn ]\ZqbZ\E hb\ ]`*,W1O ZS1 Ë&#x2122;nq,\W* Z1 +d/1b SY1bn da]1f*E * /Wq ob\-\ Zd3O Z\ +mW\ ,`1YqD p/S ]`\+\,*WS `*4WShZm1 e\`Ym 58D b\ ]\V*4*W\ ,`1YqH 59E 5:D *M \h1Yd 1-\,* /\]dabSWE hb\+m Wp/S ab`*/*WS b*V /\W-\H +M \h1Yd 1-\,* a1-\/Zq Z1 `1j*1b ]`\+W1YmE ,\4ZSV*pkS1 S4O4* ]`*,W1ZSq *b*ZmH

56>

Ë&#x161; )H

]`*,W1ZSqE Z\ SY ZSV\-/* Z1 d/*,*W\an f\`\j\ d]`*,Wqbn a\+\yD 1aY\b`q Z* b\ hb\ Z*dV* S b1fZSV*

/\abS-W* YZ\-\-\E , YS`1 ,a1 +\Wnj1 S +\Wnj1 Z1O a]`*,1/WS,\abSD m ,S/SY +1/Z\abnE ]`1abd]Z\abn S ,\yZmD p/S Z1 Y\-db da]1jZ\ d]`*,Wqbn a\+\y +14 \-*D 5:

\h1Yd 1-\,* a1-\/Zq Z1 `1j*1b ]`\+W1YmE ,\4O ZSV*pkS1 S4O4* ]`*,W1ZSq *b*ZmH \b\Yd hb\E 1aWS +m 1-\,* ob\ /1W*WE ob\ \4Z*h*W\ +mE hb\ \Z ]\Y\-*O 1b *b*Z1D `\Y1 b\-\E 1aWS +m \- `1j*W ,a1 ]`\+W1O YmE Wp/S Y\-WS +m ]\/dY*bnE hb\ d ZSf a*YSf f\`\j\ ]\Wdh*1baq d]`*,Wqbn a\+\yD , b\YE S , /`d-\Y aWdO h*1 \- ]\//1`3S,*W +m W\3nD \ \Z Z1 ab*Z1b ob\-\

/1W*bnE ]\b\Yd hb\ ZSV\-/* Z1 W31b LË&#x161;,`1qY :B5<MD 5;

Y\31b WS 1-\,* ]\WZ\abnp dab`*ZSbn ,a1 ]`\O +W1YmE V\b\`m1 ]\q,SWSan S4O4* *b*Zm S S4O4* Z1]\O aWdj*ZSq Wp/1yH Ë&#x2122;*E ,1/n /Wq \-* Z1b ZSh1-\ Z1O ,\4Y\3Z\-\D 1-\,* `1jSb obS ]`\+W1YmE ]\aW1 b\-\ V*V +d/1b \V\Zh*b1WnZ\ /\V*4*Z\E hb\ *b*Z* Z1]`*,D * 41YW1E V*V \Z S 4*/dY*WE aZ\,* +d/1b `*yD 1E Vb\ Z*f\/Sbaq , w]*YqbZmf aVW1]*fxE +d/db ,\aV`1j1Zm L \*ZZ* 9B6<E 6=MD 1 +d/1b +\W14Z1y S aY1`bSD Sada w`*4`djSb /1W* Ë&#x2122;nq,\W*x S dab`*ZSb ,a1 ]\aW1/abO ,Sq 1-\ Yqb13* L5 \*ZZ* 7B<MD \ ]\V* 1-\,* ]`\O q,Wq1b b1`]1ZS1 V Wp/qYE hb\+m \ZS Y\-WS d4Z*bn \

Z1Y S ,m+`*bn 1-\ a,\SY ]`*,Sb1W1YI L `\hSb*yb1 6 1b`* 7B=E 5>DM f\bq a1-\/Zq Ym Z1 S4+13SY b`d/O Z\ab1yE 1-\,* ]\Y\31b Z*Y Sf ]1`1Z1abSD L `\hSO b*yb1 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 5>B57DM 5;E 5<D *V 1-\,* dab`*ZSb ,a1 ]\aW1/ab,Sq Yqb13*E V\b\`my ]\/O ZqW *b*Z*H

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x203A; H

565

5<

1-\,* Z1 4*ab*,Wq1b Z*a ]\/hSZqbnaq 1Yd V*V ]`*,Sb1WpD Z ]\/*`SW Wp/qY g1ZZmy ]\/*`\V P a,\+\/d ,\WSD Ë&#x2122;*,*yb1 d4Z*1YE hb\ ob\ \4Z*h*1bD

Ë&#x161; %H 5=

\bWShS1 \b 3S,\bZmfE V\b\`m1 3S,dbE ]\/O hSZqqan SZabSZVb*YE d Wp/1y 1abn a,\+\/* ,\WSE b\ 1abn Ym Y\31Y a*YS `1j*bnE V*V Z*Y 3Sbn L `SbhS 7>B68MD b Z*a a*YSf 4*,SaSbE +d/1b WS Z*j \+`*4 3S4O ZS `*/\,*bn 1-\,dD m Z1 `\+\bmE V\b\`m1 ]\abd]*O pb b\WnV\ b*VE V*V Sf 4*]`\-`*YYS`\,*WSD 1-\,* f\O b1WE hb\+m 3S4Zn ]`SZ\aSW* Z*Y `*/\abnE ,\b ]\h1O Yd \Z `*4`1jSW Z*Y a*YSY `1j*bnE V*VSYS Wp/nYS +mbnE a V1Y /`d3SbnE h1Y 4*ZSY*bnaq , 3S4ZSD 6>

1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m Ym 1-\ Wp+SWS L *be1q â&#x20AC;¹ 66B7;E 7<MD \/dY*yb1E hb\ +mW\ +m ]`SqbZ11 \bgdB V\-O

/* `1+1Z\V -\,\`Sb w) b1+q Wp+WpxE ]\b\Yd hb\ 1-\ 4*ab*,SWSE SWS V\-/* \Z -\,\`Sb ob\ \b hSab\-\ a1`/O g*H 1-\,* P Z*j b1gE S \Z Z1 4*ab*,Wq1b Z*a 1-\ WpO +SbnD m Y\31Y a*YS `1j*bnE aWd3Sbn 1Yd SWS Z1bD *b*Z*E /*Y S Ë&#x161;,* `1jSWS Z1 aWdj*bnaq \-*D V*V ]\abd]Sb1 ,mH 65

m+1`Sb1 a*Ymy WdhjSy ]dbn 3S4ZS P Z*hZSb1 aWd3Sbn 1-\,1I *V\y ,m+\` a/1W*WS d31 YSWWS\Zm Wp/1yD \- `*/E hb\ \ZS `1jSWS aWd3Sbn 1YdE * Z1 *O b*Z1 L `SbhS 6;B55MD 1-\,* \+1k*1bE hb\ , +d/dk1Y Wp/S +\Wnj1 Z1 +d/db ab`*/*bnD hb\ Y\31b1 a/1O W*bn ,mE hb\+m d,S/1bn Sa]\WZ1ZS1 ob\-\ \+1k*ZSqH + ob\Y Ym d4Z*1Y S4 aW1/dpk1y -W*,mD 5=D b\ 1-\,* /*W Wp/qYH \h1Yd Z*Y Zd3Z\ g1ZSbn ob\H 6>E 65D *V\y ]dbn 3S4ZS a*Ymy WdhjSyH

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; )Ë&#x161;

(Ë&#x2122;) Ë&#x2122; ) w 1 Y\31b SabSZZmy \- ]\abd]*bn Z1h1abS,\ S a1Y\-dkSy /1yab,\,*bn Z1a]`*,1/WS,\Ix L \, 78B5>MD

\h1Yd , YS`1 b*V YZ\-\ ab`*/*ZSyH 5 \*ZZ* 9B5= S`\Y ]`*,Sb *b*Z* Ë&#x2122;nq,\WD 'VVW14S*ab <B= V*VSfOb\ +1/*f ,SZ\,*bm Wp/SD

'VVW14S*ab =B55

b\Ob\ Y\31b ]\]*abn , +1/dE ]`\ab\ \V*4*,jSan , Z1]\/O f\/qk1Y Y1ab1 , Z1]\/f\/qO k11 ,`1YqD 5 1b`* 9B; 1-\,* \h1Zn Wp+Sb Wp/1yD Ë&#x161;Yd +\WnZ\ ,S/1bnE V*V Ym ab`*/*1YD

Ë&#x203A; ) E

Ë&#x161; P â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; & w \- 4Z*1bE hb\DDD ,*jS -W*4* \bV`\pbaq S ,m ab*Z1b1 V*V \-E 4Z*pkSYS /\+`\ S 4W\x L mbS1 7B9MD

\h1Yd Zd3Z\ +mW\ /\V*4*bnE hb\ *b*Z* Z1]`*,H mbS1 7B6P9 *b*Z* 4*q,SWE hb\ 1-\,* P ]W\f\y ]`*,Sb1WnD Z f\b1W d+1/Sbn Wp/1y , b\YE hb\ \ZS Y\-db a*YS `1j*bnE hb\ f\`\j\E * hb\ ]W\f\D

\, 7<B; *b*Z* \VW1,1b*W 1-\,d ]1`1/ YSWWS\Z*YS *Z-1W\,D

567

%

˛ & ˝&( w˛Z*pE \ 1-\,*E hb\ Z1 ,\ ,W*abS h1W\,1V* 1-\ ]dbnD 1 Y\31b S/dkSy Z*]`*,Wqbn a,\S j*-Sx L 1`1YSq 5>B67MD

\h1Yd 1-\,* /\]daV*1bE hb\+m Wp/S ab`*/*WS b*V /\W-\H

a*Sq 99B= p/S ]`\+\,*WS `*4WShZm1 e\`Ym ]`*,W1ZSqE Z\ SY ZSV\-/* Z1 d/*,*W\an f\`\j\ d]`*,Wqbn a\+\y

6 1b`* 7B=E 5> 1-\,* ]`\q,Wq1b b1`]1ZS1D

'b\ /*1b Wp/qY ,\4Y\3Z\abn

d4Z*bn \ Z1Y S ,m+`*bn 1-\ a,\SY ]`*,Sb1W1YD 5 \*ZZ* 7B< Sada dab`*ZSb ,a1 ]\aW1/abO ,Sq Yqb13* *b*ZmD

% ˚ ˚ "˚˚ P ˝ ˚ ˚ ˚ w d/n Yd/`E amZ Y\yDDD hb\+m q Y\- \b,1h*bn b\YdE Vb\ d]`1V*1b Y1Zqx L `SbhS 6;B55MD

\h1Yd 1-\,* Z1 4*ab*,Wq1b Z*a aWd3Sbn 1YdH `SbhS 7>B68 \bWShS1 \b 3S,\bZmfE V\b\`m1 3S,dbE ]\/hSZqqan SZabSZVb*YE d Z*a 1abn a,\+\/* ,\WSD m Y\31Y a*YS `1j*bnE aWd3Sbn \-d SWS Z1bD

*be1q 66B7;E 7< 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m Ym aWd3SWS 1Yd S4 Wp+,SD

56

& Ë&#x2122;

H Ë&#x161; +m ,m ab*WS /`d3SbnH V\`11 ,a1-\E a b1YE Vb\ ,*Y Z`*,SbaqE a V1Y ,*Y f\`\j\D +mhZ\ Ym g1ZSY , /`d4nqf /\+`\bd S /`d-S1 f\`\jS1 V*h1ab,*D 6

1-\,m 1abn /`d4nq a`1/S Wp/1yD *]`SY1`E \ahSb*W a,\SY /`d-\Y ,`**Y* L a*Sq 85B<C *V\,* 6B67MD *V31 \Z Wp+SW Ë&#x2122;*,S/* S Z*4m,*W 1-\ wh1W\,1V\Y ]\ a,\1Yd a1`/gdx LË&#x2122;1qZSq 57B66MD ]`\`\V* Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW* 1O -\,* Z*4,*W wh1W\,1V\Y /`*-\g1ZZmYx LË&#x2122;*ZSSW =B67MD 7

\h1Yd 1-\,* ahSb*W ,`**Y*E Ë&#x2122;*,S/* S Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW* a,\SYS /`d4nqYSH \b\Yd hb\ \ZS aYS`1ZZ\ aWdj*O WSan 1-\D *]`SY1`E ,\b hb\ 1-\,* aV*4*W ,`**YdB w m ]\aWdj*Waq Y\1-\ -\W\a*x L mbS1 66B5<MD \-\Y Y\31b /`d3Sbn /*31 g1Wmy Z*`\/D 1-\,* aV*4*W Z*O `\/d 4`*SWnB w Wdj*yb1an Y\1-\ -\W\a*E S q ab*Zd ,*jSY \-\YE * ,m ab*Z1b1 Y\SY Z*`\/\Yx L 1`1YSq ;B67MD Ë&#x161;aWS ,m f\bSb1 ab*bn /`d-\Y 1-\,mE ,*Y b\31 Zd3Z\ 1-\ aWdj*bnaqD

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x203A; # # Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x203A;Ë&#x161;â&#x20AC;¢ 8

S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ 1-\,* f\h1b w]`\q,Sbn

a,\p aSWd Z* +W*-\ b1fE hn1 a1`/g1 ]\WZ\abnp a ZSYx L6 1b\]San 5:B=MD a*WY1 76B< -\,\`Sbaq \ b\YE hb\

1-\,* \+1k*1b a/1W*bn /Wq a,\Sf /`d41yB w */1Wp 5E 6D \-\ S4 Wp/1y 1-\,* ahSb*W a,\SYS /`d4nqYSH 7D \h1Yd 1-\,* Z*4,*W ,`**Y*E Ë&#x2122;*,S/* S Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW* a,\SYS /`dO 4nqYSH 8E 9D *V 1-\,* 4*kSk*1b a,\Sf /`d41yH

569

& ˙ H

b1+q ]\ZSY*ZS1YE Z*ab*,Wp Z* ]dbnE ]\ V\b\`\Yd b1+1 S/bSD ˙*Y a\,1b S +d/d Z*+Wp/*bn 4* b\+\yxD

9 \-* 1abn ,`*-E V\b\`my /1W*1b ,a1E hb\+m Ym Z1 +mWS a \-\Y /`d4nqYSD \ 1-\,* f\h1b 4*kSbSbn Z*a \b Z1-\D L `\hSb*yb1 a*W\Y 99B66DM *V /`d4nq

1-\,mE Ym ab*`*1Yaq aWd3Sbn 1Yd \b ,a1-\ a1`/g*D

˙*31 , b`d/Zmf aSbd*gSqf Ym \ab*1Yaq 1Yd ,1`ZmYSD /SZ S4 ]Sa*b1W1y S+WSS aV*4*WB w) Z1 ]\V\W1+WpanE ]\b\Yd hb\ \Z 1-\,* ]\ ]`*,dp `dVd \b Y1Zqx L a*O W\Y 5:B<C :7B<MD m b\31 Z1 a\YZ1,*1YaqE hb\ 1-\,* Z*a ]\//1`3SbD \ Z*jd /`d3+d a \-\Y ]mb*1baq `*4O `djSbn *b*Z*D *V \Z ob\ /1W*1bH

˝& %

4 55Oy -W*,m Ym d4Z*WSE hb\ *b*Z* ]\j1W ]`\bS,

1-\,mE Z*4,*W 1-\ W31g\Y S \+,SZSW , Z1a]`*,1/WSO ,\abSD Z 4*q,SWE hb\ 1-\,* /\W31Z +mW `*4`1jSbn /*Yd S ˚,1 a*YSY `1j*bnE hb\ /\+`\E * hb\ 4W\D /Z*O V\ *b*Z* \+,SZSW Z1 b\WnV\ \-*E Z\ S ,a1f /`d41y

\-*D h1YH b\YE hb\ \ZS /`d3*b a \-\Y b\WnV\ ]\O b\YdE hb\ f\bqb hb\Ob\ \b Z1-\ ]\WdhSbnE * Z1 ]\b\O YdE hb\ Wp+qb 1-\D Z /*31 aV*4*WE hb\ aY\31b 4*ab*O ,Sbn Wp+\-\ ]1`1ab*bn /`d3Sbn a \-\YD + ob\Y `*aO aV*4m,*1baq , +S+W1yaV\y VZS-1 \,D ˙*,*yb1 d4Z*1YE V1Y +mW \,E S h1Yd Ym Y\31Y Z*dhSbnaq d Z1-\D :

;

\, +mW f\`\jSY h1W\,1V\YD Z 3SW \V\W\

7 :>> W1b Z*4*/D 1-\,* aV*4*W \ Z1YE hb\ Z* 41YW1 Z1b /`d-\-\ b*V\-\ h1W\,1V*D \, d,*3*W \-* S Z1Z*,SO /1W 4W\ L \, 5B<MD 1-\,* ahSb*W 1-\ a,\SY /`d-\YD :D b\ *b*Z* db,1`3/*W , \bZ\j1ZSS Wp/1yH ;E <D *M *V 1-\,* \bZ\aSWaq V \,dH +M b\ *b*Z* aV*4*W \+ \,1H

56:

Ë&#x161; )H

<

*b*Z* 4*q,SWE hb\ \, /`d3Sb a \-\Y b\WnV\ S4O 4* b\-\E hb\+m hb\Ob\ \b Z1-\ ]\WdhSbnD Ë&#x2122;nq,\W aV*4*W

1-\,1B w 1 bm WS a\ ,a1f ab\`\Z \-`*/SW 1-\E 1-\ /\Y

S ,a1E hb\ d Z1-\ 1abnH m +W*-\aW\,SW /1W\ 1-\ `dVE S 1-\ ab*/* `*a]`\ab`*ZSWSan ]\ 41YW1D \ ]`\bqZSE ]\O 3*Wdyab*E `dVd S V\aZSan ,a1-\E hb\ d Z1-\ 1abnEP Z1

]`\VWqZ1b WS \Z b1+q , WSg\Hx L \, 5B5>E 55MD =

b*VE *b*Z* aV*4*WE hb\ \, aWd3Sb 1-\,1 S4O4* WShZ\y ,m-\/mD Z db,1`3/*WE hb\ aY\31b 4*ab*,Sbn

\,* ]1`1ab*bn aWd3Sbn \-dD 1-\,* Z1 a\YZ1,*Waq ,

\,1E Z\ ,a1 31 ]\4,\WSW *b*Z1 1-\ ]`\,1`SbnD *V ab*W\ +m qaZ\E /1yab,Sb1WnZ\ WS \, aWd3Sb 1-\,1 S4 Wp+,SD

% % Ë&#x161;

5>

Z*h*W* *b*Z* WSj*1b \,* 1-\ aV\b*B Z1V\O b\`mf 3S,\bZmf V`*/dbE /`d-S1 ]\-S+*pbD \b\Y \Z

d+S,*1b aWd- \,*D \, b1`q1b ]`*VbSh1aVS ,a1D \

*b*Z* Z* ob\Y Z1 \ab*Z*,WS,*1baqB \Z d+S,*1b 1k1 S

/1aqb1`mf 1-\ /1b1yD 1aY\b`q Z* ,a1 ob\E \, \ab*1bO

aq ,1`ZmY 1-\,1D S+WSS -\,\`SbaqB w \ ,a1Y ob\Y

\, Z1 a\-`1jSW S Z1 ]`S]Sa*W \-d ZSh1-\ ]`1/\adO /Sb1WnZ\-\x L \, 5B56P5=E 66MD 55

\ *b*Z1 +mW\ Y*W\ S ob\-\D Z +`\a*1b ,m4\,

1-\,1B w \aZSan 1-\ V\abS S ]W\bS P Z1 ]`\VWqZ1b WS \Z b1+q , WSg\Hx *b*Z* ]\`*3*1b \,* d3*aZ\y +\O W14Znp L \, 6B9E ;MD \ \, ]\O]`13Z1Yd ,1`1Z 1-\,1D Z -\,\`SbB w \V* Z1 dY`dE Z1 \babd]Wp \b a,\1y Z1O ]\`\hZ\abSIx L \, 6;B9MD =D b\ 1-\,* ]\4,\WSW *b*Z1 a/1W*bnH 5>D V*VSYS Sa]mb*ZSqYS ab\WVZdWaq \, S V*V \Z ]\abd]SWH

55D *M V*VSY 1k1 Sa]mb*ZS1Y ab\WVZdWaq \,H +M *V \Z ]\abd]SWH

& ˙ H

56;

56

\, Z1 4Z*WE hb\ ab`*/*1b S4O4* *b*Zm P hb\ b\b \+\W-*W 1-\ ]1`1/ \-\YD Z /dY*WE hb\ ]`SO hSZ* ,a1f 1-\ Z1ah*abSy P 1-\,* L \, :B8C 5:B55P58MD \ \, \ab*Waq ,1`ZmY 1-\,1D 1]1`n ab*W\ ]\ZqbO Z\E hb\ \, /`d3SW a \-\Y Z1 ]\b\YdE hb\ ob\ +mW\

,m-\/Z\E * ]\b\YdE hb\ Wp+SW \-*D a1E hb\ ˙nq,\W -\,\`SW \+ \,1E +mW\ W\3npD 57

\bq \, Z1 4Z*W \ `*4-\,\`1 \-* a *b*Z\yE \Z \ab*Waq ,1`ZmY \-d S b1Y a*YmY /\V*4*WE hb\ *b*Z* W31gD \- ,\4Z*-`*/SW \,* 4* ,1`Z\abn L \, 86B56P5;MD

˝˙%• ˛ ˙ ˝˚ ) & ˚"˚ ˚ 58

*aaV*4 \+ \,1 a\/1`3Sb ,*3Zmy d`\V /Wq Z*aD *V\yH *b*Z* db,1`3/*1bE hb\ ,a1 Ym P b1E Vb\ aWdO 3Sb 1-\,1E /1W*pb ob\ ]\b\YdE hb\ f\bqb hb\Ob\ \b Z1-\ ]\WdhSbnD ˙nq,\W 4*q,SWE hb\ w4* a,\p /djd h1O

W\,1V \b/*ab ,a1E hb\ d Z1-\ 1abnx L \, 6B8MD aO ]\Wn4\,*, aW\,\ wh1W\,1VxE *b*Z* f\b1W aV*4*bnE hb\ Z1 b\WnV\ \,E Z\ S ,a1E Vb\ aWd3*b \-dE /1W*pb ob\ ]\b\YdE hb\ ob\ ,m-\/Z\D ˙*31 a]dabq ab\W1bSq ]\aO W1 aY1`bS \,* *b*Z* ]`\/\W3*W \+,SZqbn 1-\,d S db,1`3/*bnE hb\ 1-\ aWd3Sb1WS P o-\SabmD \b ]\h1O

Yd 1-\,* aV*4*WB w d/n Yd/`E amZ Y\yE S `*/dy Y\1 a1`/g1E hb\+m q Y\- \b,1h*bn b\YdE Vb\ d]`1V*1b Y1O Zqx L `SbhS 6;B55MD 59

˚aWS ,m ]`SY1b1 `1j1ZS1 ab*bn /`d-\Y 1-\,m S

,\ ,a1Y aWdj*bnaq 1-\E b\ ,m b\31 aY\31b1 /\V*4*bnE 56D *V \, /\V*4*WE hb\ *b*Z* W-*WH 57D b\ +mW\ /\V*4*Z\ +W*-\/*`q b\YdE hb\ \, \ab*Waq ,1`ZmY 1O -\,1H 58E 59D b\ *b*Z* db,1`3/*1b , \bZ\j1ZSS V*3/\-\ S4 Z*aH

\- ,\4Z*-`*/SW \,* 4* ,1`Z\abn

& Ë&#x2122; H

56=

hb\ *b*Z* W31gD \bq ,*Y ]\b`1+d1baq YZ\-\1 S4Y1O ZSbn , a,\1y 3S4ZSE ,m ZSV\-/* Z1 ]\3*W11b1E hb\ `1O jSWS ab*bn /`d-\Y 1-\,mI \h1Yd V ob\Yd ,\]`\ad

Zd3Z\ \bZ1abSan a1`n14Z\H \b\Yd hb\ *b*Z*E ]\ adO bSE 4*q,SWE hb\ SY1ZZ\ ,m Z1 +d/1b1 aWdj*bnaq \-*E V\-/* , ,*j1y 3S4ZS ]\q,qbaq b`d/Z\abSD *b*Z* ]mO b*1baq 4*ab*,Sbn Z*a ]`1/*bn \-*D *V \Z ob\ /1W*1bH 5:

b\+m `*4`djSbn Z*jd /`d3+d a 1-\,\yE *b*Z* ]\Wn4d1baq `*4ZmYS a]\a\+*YSD *]`SY1`E V*V aV*4*O Z\ , S+WSSE \Z Z*]*/*1bE wV*V `mh*kSy W1,E S Sk1bE V\-\ ]\-W\bSbnx L5 1b`* 9B<MD *V Y\31b ,m-Wq/1bn b*O V\1 Z*]*/1ZS1H \4Y\3Z\E /`d4nqE `\/ab,1ZZSVS SWS

Vb\Ob\ 1k1 Z*hZdb Y1j*bn ,*Y ]\abd]*bn b*VE V*V f\O h1b 1-\,*E S ab*Zdb ]`1]qbab,\,*bn S4dh*bn S+WSp

L \*ZZ* 59B5=E 6>M1D V*h1ab,1 1k1 \/Z\y dW\,VS Ë&#x2122;nqO ,\W Sa]\Wn4d1b \+Y*ZD Z Y\31b ]`Sb,\`qbnaq w*Z-1O

W\Y a,1b*x L6 \`SZeqZ*Y 55B58MD Ë&#x161;k1 \/SZ a]\a\+B *O b*Z* ]mb*1baq d+1/Sbn Z*aE hb\ Ym Z1/\ab\yZm aWdO 3Sbn 1-\,1 L `SbhS 68B5>MD

" â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x161;

5;

m /\V*4m,*1YE hb\ *b*Z* W31gE 1aWS aWdj*1YO aq 1-\,dD b\ ]\Y\31b Z*Y +mbn ]\aWdjZmYS \-dH S+WSS -\,\`SbaqB w p+S b,\1-\ \-* 1-\,d ,a1Y 1 'b\ Z1 \4Z*h*1bE hb\ 4* ,a1YS Wp/nYSE V\b\`m1 Y1j*pb Z*Y S4dh*bn S+WSpE ab\Sb *b*Z*D /Z*V\ , S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Ë&#x2122;nq,\W P w+\- ob\y aSab1Ym ,1k1yx S hb\ w,1an YS` W13Sb ,\ ,W*abS Ë&#x203A;W\-\ *b*Zm xD \ob\Yd Ym Z1 d/S,Wq1Yaq b\YdE hb\ Vb\Ob\ Y\31b ]\]mb*bnaq ]\Y1j*bn Z*Y aWd3Sbn 1-\,1 L6 \O `SZeqZ*Y 8B8C 5 \*ZZ* 9B5=MD

5:D *M b\ /1W*1b *b*Z*E hb\+m ]\Y1j*bn Wp/qY aWd3Sbn 1-\,1H +M b\ \Z Y\31b a/1W*bnE hb\+m ]\Y1j*bn WShZ\ ,*YH 5;D \h1Yd Ym aWdj*1Yaq 1-\,dH

57>

˚ )H

a1`/g1YE ,a1y /dj\y S ,a1y 3S4Z1ZZ\y aSW\yx L b\O `\4*V\ZS1 :B9MD m aWdj*1Yaq 1-\,dE ]\b\Yd hb\ WpO +SY 1-\D 1Y +\Wnj1 ab*Z\,Sbaq Z*j* Wp+\,n V 1-\O ,1E b1Y +\Wnj1 Ym f\bSY 1-\ aWdj*bnaqD ]\ab\W \O *ZZ ]Sa*WB w p+\,n V \-d 4*VWph*1baq , b\YE hb\+m Ym a\+Wp/*WS 1-\ 4*]\,1/SE S 1-\ 4*]\,1/S Z1 \+`1Y1O ZSb1WnZmx L5 \*ZZ* 9B7MD 5< ˚abn /1W*E V\b\`m1 1-\,* ahSb*1b Z1]`*,SWnZmO YSD Z1V\b\`mf S4 ZSf ,m Y\31b1 ]`\hSb*bn , `*YO V1 w 1Z*,S/nb1 b\E hb\ Z1Z*,S/Sb 1-\,*xD \4Y\3O Z\E V*VS1Ob\ S4 obSf /1W ]\V*3dbaq ,*Y Z1 b*VSYS d3 ]W\fSYSD \ 1aWS ,m ]\`*4YmjWq1b1 Z*/ +S+W1yaVSO

YS abSf*YSE ]`S,1/1ZZmYS , ob\y `*YV1E ,m d,S/Sb1E

]\h1Yd Yd/`\ aWdj*bnaq 1-\,dD \4Y\3Z\E ,m ]\yY1O 5<E 5=D *M *4\,Sb1 /1W*E V\b\`m1 1-\,* ahSb*1b Z1]`*,SWnZmYSD +M bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ 1-\,* Z1 ]`\aSb Z*a /1W*bn b\E h1-\ Ym Z1 Y\31YH

˚ ˙& ˚ E ˚ ˙ ˚ ˇ +Syab,\ af\/ 6>B57C 65B66E 67D

ˇ nqZab,\ 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 9B55D

ˇ 1Vad*WnZ*q +14Z`*,ab,1ZZ\abn 1,Sb 6>B5>E 57E 59E 5:C SYWqZ*Y 5B68E 6:E 6;E 76C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y :B=E 5>D

ˇ \`\,ab,\ 1,Sb :B6E 8C 'e1aqZ*Y 8B6<D

ˇ ˙1Y\ZS4Y b\`\4*V\ZS1 5<B=P57C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 5>B65E 66C *W*b*Y 9B6>E 65D ˇ /\W\]\VW\Zab,\ 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 5>B58D

ˇ \3n `SbhS :B5:E 5=C

\W\aaqZ*Y 7B=C bV`\,1ZS1 66B59D ˇ ˝*/Z\abn 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 9B55D

575

& Ë&#x2122; H

b1E hb\ ,*Y Zd3Z\ hb\Ob\ S4Y1ZSbn , a,\1y 3S4ZSD 1O Zqbnaq +d/1b Z1W1-V\D \E a/1W*, ob\E ,m ]\hd,ab,d1b1 YS` , a1`/g1 S `*/\abnE ,1/n ,m ]\abd]SWS V*V Z*ab\O qkSy /`d- \-* L a*Sq 8<B5;E 5<MD \h1Yd Y\3Z\ Z1 a\O YZ1,*bnaqE hb\ S4Y1ZSbn a,\p 3S4Zn ,\4Y\3Z\H 5= 1-\,* ZSV\-/* Z1 ]\]`\aSb Z*a a/1W*bn b\E h1O -\ Ym Z1 Y\31Y L b\`\4*V\ZS1 7>B55P58MD 1/n \Z Z*j /`d-E S \Z ]\ZSY*1b Z*a Wdhj1E h1Y Ym a*YSD Z 4Z*O 1b S Z*jS /\ab\SZab,*E S Z*jS Z1/\ab*bVS L a*W\Y 5>7B58MD ]\ab\W *,1W aV*4*WB w \- ,1`1ZE S \Z Z1 /\O ]dabSbE hb\+m ,m +mWS SaVdj*1Ym a,1`f aSWE Z\ ]`S SaVdj1ZSS ]`1/\ab*,Sb S ,mf\/E hb\+m ,m aY\-O WS ]1`1Z1abSx L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 5>B57MD 1-\,* ,a1-/* +dO /1b ]\Y\-*bn Z*Y ]\abd]*bn ]`*,SWnZ\D Z \+1k*1b /*bn Z*Y waSWdE ]`1,mj*pkdp \+mhZdpxE hb\+m Ym aY\-WS a]`*,Sbnaq a Wp+\y b`d/Z\abnp L6 \`SZeqO

Z*Y 8B;MD ]\ab\W *,1W Z*]Sa*WB w a1 YZ1 ]\/ aSWd

Ë&#x2021; *aSWS1 a*W\Y 55B9C `SbhS 66B68E 69C *W*fSq 6B5:C *W*b*Y 9B6>E 65D Ë&#x2021; aV\`+Sb1WnZ*q `1hn S a]W1bZS 1,Sb 5=B5:C 'e1aqZ*Y 9B8C

\W\aaqZ*Y 7B<D Ë&#x2021; 1]`*,SWnZ\1 Sa]\Wn4\,*ZS1 V`\,S mbS1 =B8C Ë&#x2122;1qZSq 59B6>E 6<E 6=D

Ë&#x2021; bV*4 4*+\bSbnaq \ a1Yn1 5 SY\e1p 9B<D Ë&#x2021; h*abS1 , ,\yZ*f S ]\WSbSV1 a*Sq 6B8C \*ZZ* :B59C 5;B5:D Ë&#x2021; d`1ZS1 S d]\b`1+W1ZS1 Z*`V\bSV\, *`V* 59B67C 6 \`SZeqZ*Y ;B5D

576

Ë&#x161; )H

+W*-\/*`q b\YdE Vb\ Y1Zq dV`1]Wq1bx L SWS]]Syg*Y 8B57MD \h1Yd d *,W* +mW* b*V*q d,1`1ZZ\abnH \b\Yd hb\E V\-/* , 1-\ 3S4ZS +m,*WS b`d/Zm1 ,`1Y1Z*E 1-\O ,* ,a1-/* 1Yd ]\Y\-*WD

( Ë&#x161; E (

Ë&#x161;

6>

b\+m ab*bn /`d-\Y 1-\,mE Z*Y Zd3Z\ Z1 b\WnV\ ]1`1ab*bn /1W*bn b\E hb\ \Z ahSb*1b ]W\fSYE Z\ S ]\WpO +Sbn b\E hb\ \Z Wp+Sb L SYWqZ*Y 56B=MD b\YE V*VSYS

1-\,* f\h1b ,S/1bn a,\Sf /`d41yE 4*]Sa*Z\ , a*WY1 59B5P9D L `\hSb*yb1DM Ë&#x2122;`d4nq \-* ]\/`*3*pb 1-\ ]`1O V`*aZmY V*h1ab,*YD ZS ]`\q,Wqpb wWp+\,nE `*/\abnE YS`E /\W-\b1`]1ZS1E /\+`\bdE /\+`\/1b1WnZ\abnE ,1`dE V`\b\abnE a*Y\\+W*/*ZS1x L *W*b*Y 9B66E 67MD 65 b\ ]\Y\31b ,*Y ]`\q,Wqbn b*VS1 V*h1ab,*H 1O \+f\/SY\ `1-dWq`Z\ hSb*bn S S4dh*bn S+WSp L a*Sq 7>B6>E 65MD *V ,*j* Wp+\,n V 1-\,1 +d/1b `*abS S 31O W*ZS1 aWdj*bnaq 1-\ +d/1b ab*Z\,Sbnaq aSWnZ11D 66

Ë&#x2122;1W*q S4Y1Z1ZSq , a,\1y 3S4ZSE Ym V*V +d/b\ aZSO Y*1Y a a1+q ab*`dp \/13/d S Z*/1,*1Y Z\,dpD S+O WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Z*Y Zd3Z\ aZqbn wab*`dp WShO Z\abnx S \/1bnaq , wZ\,dp WShZ\abnx L \W\aaqZ*Y 7B=E 5>MD 'b\ Y\31b +mbn Z1W1-V\E Z\E 1aWS Ym aWdj*1Yaq 1O -\,d S Y1Zq1Y a,\S ]`S,mhVS S \+`*4 3S4ZSE 1-\,* /*ab Z*Y w,1WSVdp Z*-`*/dx L a*W\Y 5=B55MD b*VE +d/nO b1 ]\aWdjZm 1-\,1D Wd3Sb1 1Yd S4 Wp+,SE * Z1 S4 31O W*ZSq hb\Ob\ ]\WdhSbnD Ë&#x2122;\V*3Sb1E hb\ *b*Z* P W31gD \-/* ,m /1yab,Sb1WnZ\ ab*Z1b1 /`d-\Y \-*I 6>D *VSY V*h1ab,*Y 1-\,m Ym /\W3Zm ]\/`*3*bn S ]\h1YdH 65D *V ,m Y\31b1 Z*dhSbnaq ]`\q,Wqbn V*h1ab,*E V\b\`m1 Z`*,qbaq \-dH 66D \h1Yd ab\Sb aWdj*bnaq 1-\,dH

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x203A;&) Ë&#x161; % " ( ) Ë&#x161; w Wdj*yb1an Y\1-\ -\W\a*E S q ab*Zd ,*jSY \-\YE * ,m ab*Z1b1 Y\SY Z*`\/\Yx L 1`1YSq ;B67MD

\h1Yd ab\Sb /`d3Sbn a \-\YH mbS1 66B5<C *V\,* 6B67 1-\,* Z*4,*W ,`**Y* a,\SY /`d-\YE ]\b\Yd hb\ b\b aWdj*Waq 1-\ S ,1`SW , Z1-\D 6 1b\]San 5:B=

1-\,* ,a1-/* ]`S/1b Z* ]\O Y\kn b1YE Vb\ 1-\ aWdj*1baqD

a*W\Y 69B58C 76B< 1-\,* Z*ab*,Wq1b a,\Sf /`d41yD a*W\Y 99B66 Ë&#x2122;`d4nq \-* ]\Wdh*pb \b Z1-\ ]\//1`3VdD

P Ë&#x161; %â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x2122;

w \ ,a1Y ob\Y \, Z1 a\-`1jSW S Z1 ]`S]Sa*W \-d ZSh1-\ ]`1/\ad/Sb1WnZ\-\x L \, 5B66MD

V*VSYS Sa]mb*ZSqYS ab\WVZdWaq \, S V*V \Z ]\abd]SWH

\, 5B5>E 55 *b*Z* 4*q,SWE hb\ \, /`d3Sb a \-\Y b\WnV\ S4O4* b\-\E hb\+m hb\Ob\ \b Z1-\ ]\WdhSbnE * Z1 ]\b\YdE hb\ Wp+Sb 1-\D

\, 5B56P5=C 6B; 1-\,* ]\4,\WSW *b*Z1 WSjSbn \,* ,a1-\E hb\ d Z1-\ +mW\D \W11 b\-\E *b*Z* ]\`*O 4SW \,* d3*aZ\y +\W14ZnpD

\, 6;B9 \, Z1 ]\ZSY*WE ]\h1Yd ab\WVZdWaq a\ ,a1YS obSYS Sa]mb*ZSqYSE Z\ \ab*Waq ,1`ZmY 1-\,1D

578

% Ë&#x161; ) Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; %

wË&#x203A;* a,\p /djd h1W\,1V \b/*ab ,a1E hb\ d Z1-\ 1abnx L \, 6B8MD

b\ /1W*1b *b*Z*E hb\+m `*4`djSbn Z*jS \bZ\j1O ZSq a 1-\,\yH 6 \`SZeqZ*Y 55B58 *b*Z* ]\/b*WVS,*1b Z*a V Z1]\aWdj*ZSp 1-\,1D

5 1b`* 9B<

`\Y1 b\-\E *b*Z* Z*]*/*1b Z* Z*a , \bV`mbdpD

`SbhS 68B5> Z f\h1b 4*ab*,Sbn Z*a /dY*bnE hb\ Ym Z1/\ab\yZm +mbn aWd3Sb1WqYS 1-\,mD

`SbhS 6;B55 d/nb1 ]\aWdjZm 1-\,1E +d/nb1 1Yd ,1`ZmYSD Ë&#x2122;\V*O 3Sb1E hb\ *b*Z* P W31gD

% " Ë&#x161; ) Ë&#x161; E

( Ë&#x161; w p+\,n V \-d 4*VWph*1baq , b\YE hb\+m Ym a\+Wp/*WS 1-\ 4*]\,1/Sx L5 \*ZZ* 9B7MD

*V ab*bn /`d-\Y 1-\,mH b\`\4*V\ZS1 :B9 p+Sb1 \-*D 'b\ ]\Y\31b ,*Y a\+Wp/*bn 1-\ 4*V\ZmD

a*Sq 8<B5;E 5< Wdj*yb1an 1-\,dD 'b\ ,a1-/* +d/1b ]`SZ\aSbn ,*Y b\WnV\ ]\Wn4dD

b\`\4*V\ZS1 7>B55P58 Ë&#x2122;\,1`qyb1 1-\,1 S +d/nb1 d,1`1ZmE hb\ \Z ZSV\-/* Z1 ]\]`\aSb ,*a a/1W*bn b\E h1-\ ,m Z1 aY\31b1D SWS]]Syg*Y 8B57 \abd]*yb1 ]`*,SWnZ\D 1-\,* +d/1b ]\//1`3S,*bn ,*a , ob\YD

57

˚ ˚ ˙ ˝ ˛

˚ P 3S,\y \-E S \Z /*W 3S4Zn Z*Y L 1O `1YSq 5>B5>MD + 1-\,1 , S+WSS aV*4*Z\B w m a\b,\O

`SW ,a1 S ,a1 ]\ b,\1y ,\W1 adk1ab,d1b S a\b,\`1Z\x

L bV`\,1ZS1 8B55MD m 3S,1YE ]\b\Yd hb\ ob\-\ f\b1W \-D ˝S4Zn P ob\ 1-\ ]\/*`\VD L `\hSb*yb1 a*W\Y 7:B=DM 6 1-\,* ]\4*+\bSWaq \ b\YE hb\+m d Z*a +mW\ ,a1 Z1\+f\/SY\1 /Wq 3S4ZSE , b\Y hSaW1 ]Sk* S ,\/* L˙1qO ZSq 5;B6<MD \W11 b\-\E \Z f\b1WE hb\+m 3S4Zn ]`SZ\aSO W* Z*Y `*/\abn L˙1qZSq 58B59P5;MD b\+m 3S4Zn +mW* ah*abWS,\yE Zd3Z\ a\+Wp/*bn \3nS 4*V\Zm L a*Sq 8<B5;E 5<MD

˚ ˝ ˛ &

4 S+WSS Ym d4Z*1YE hb\ V*V Z*j* 3S4ZnE b*V S 3S4Zn /`d-Sf Wp/1y \h1Zn g1ZZm /Wq 1-\,mD 'b\ ,S/Z\ S4 \/Z\-\ aWdh*qD mZ /*Y* S ˚,mE *SZE `*O 4\4WSWaq Z* a,\1-\ YW*/j1-\ +`*b*E ,1WqD *V Z* ob\ \b`1*-S`\,*W 1-\,*H Z ]`1/d]`1/SW *SZ*E hb\ 1Yd Zd3Z\ a/1`3S,*bn a,\y -Z1,D \ *SZ Z1 ]\aWdj*WO aq \-*D Z wZ*]*W Z* a,\1-\ +`*b* ,1Wq S d+SW 1-\x L mbS1 8B7P<MD 1-\,* Z*V*4*W *SZ* 4* d+Syab,\ ,1O Wq L mbS1 8B=P55MD *V\y S4 ob\-\ Y\3Z\ a/1W*bn ,mO ,\/H Z1, S Z1Z*,Sabn \h1Zn \]*aZm P \ZS Y\-db ]\/O b\WVZdbn h1W\,1V* V Z*aSWSpD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE 7

5D b\ /*W Z*Y 3S4ZnH 6D b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m 3S4Zn +mW* ah*abWS,\yH 7D b\ a/1W*W 1-\,*E V\-/* *SZ d+SW ,1WqH

˝ ˛ & ˙ ˚

ˇ \- ahSb*1b *+\`b d+Syab,\Y

ˇ 1Wn4q Vd`SbnE ]`SZSY*bn Z*`V\bSVS SWS 31,*bn Z*a,*y

ˇ 1Z*,Sabn P 4W\ , -W*4*f \-*

˚ ˚ ˙ ˝ ˛

57;

hb\ 4Wm1 S 31ab\VS1 Wp/S Z1 ]\Wdh*b ,1hZdp 3S4ZnD L `\hSb*yb1 5 \*ZZ* 7B59DM b\+m 1-\,* +mW Z*YS /\,\W1ZE Ym /\W3Zm dhSbnaq Wp+Sbn Wp/1y L5 \*ZZ* 7B55E 56MD 8 b\ 1k1 ]\V*4m,*1bE hb\ 1-\,* ahSb*1b 3S4Zn g1ZZ\yH 1`14 \Sa1q \Z /*W S4`*SWnbqZ*Y ˙1aqbn 4*]\,1/1yD `1/S ZSf +mW* 4*]\,1/nB w 1 d+S,*yx L b\`\4*V\ZS1 9B5;MD ˚aWS h1W\,1V Z*Y1`1ZZ\ Z*`dj*W obd 4*]\,1/n S V\-\Ob\ d+S,*WE 1-\ a*Y\-\ /\W3Zm +mO WS d+SbnD 9 V*V \- \bZ\aSbaq V *+\`bdH Z ahSb*1b *+\`b 4W\YD \h1Yd Y\3Z\ b*V aV*4*bnH ˛*V\Z1E V\b\O `my \- /*W S4`*SWnbqZ*YE -\,\`SW\anE hb\ 1aWS Vb\O b\ d/*`qW +1`1Y1ZZdp 31ZkSZd S S4O4* ob\-\ ]\-S+*W

1k1 Z1 `\/S,jSyaq `1+1Z\VE b\ ,SZ\,Z\-\ Zd3Z\ +mO W\ ]`S-\,\`Sbn V aY1`bSD L `\hSb*yb1 af\/ 65B66E 67C a*W\Y 56;B7MD S/Z\E hb\ 1-\,* g1ZSb 3S4Zn /*31

1k1 Z1 `\/S,jSfaq /1b1yD L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 6<DM : b\ ]\V*31bE hb\ Ym g1ZSY 3S4ZnH ˚aWS Ym Z1

+d/1Y ]\/,1`-*bn \]*aZ\abS ZS a,\pE ZS hnpOb\ 1k1 3S4ZnB Z*]`SY1`E Z1 ab*Z1Y Vd`SbnE ]`SZSY*bn Z*`V\O

bSVS SWS 31,*bn Z*a,*yD \h1YdH \b\Yd hb\ ,a1 ob\ ,`1/Sb 4/\`\,np S Y\31b ]`S,1abS V aY1`bSD ; *j \`-*ZS4Y b\31 Y\3Z\ ahSb*bn ]\/*`V\Y \b \-*D \- f\h1bE hb\+m Ym 4*+\bSWSan \ 4/\`\,n1 Z*j1-\ \`-*ZS4Y*D W\fS1 ]`S,mhVS /1W*pb h1W\,1O V* Z1hSabmY , -W*4*f \-* L SYWqZ*Y :B5=C 56B5C 6 \O `SZeqZ*Y ;B5MD 1,\4Y\3Z\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-dE 1aWS Ym Z1 g1ZSY 3S4ZnE V\b\`dp \Z ]\/*`SWD bV*4*bnaq \b 8D \h1Yd 1-\,* /*W S4`*SWnbqZ*Y 4*]\,1/n wZ1 d+S,*yxH 9D *V \- \bZ\aSbaq V *+\`bdH :E ;D *V Ym Y\31Y ]\V*4*bn 1-\,1E hb\ g1ZSY 3S4ZnH

57<

˚ )H

]W\fSf ]`S,mh1V Y\31b +mbn Z1W1-V\E Z\ 1-\,* \+qO 4*b1WnZ\ ,*Y ]\Y\31bD < *V Ym d,S/1WSE 3S4Zn P ob\ g1ZZmy ]\/*`\VE

S Z*Y Zd3Z\ /1W*bn ,a1 ,\4Y\3Z\1E hb\+m Z1 ]`ShSO ZSbn ,`1/* ZS a1+1E ZS /`d-SYD *]`SY1`E Ym /\W3Zm +mbn ,ZSY*b1WnZmYSE V\-/* d]`*,Wq1Y *,b\Y\+SW1YE Y\b\gSVW\Y SWS /`d-SY b`*Za]\`bZmY a`1/ab,\YD W1/d1b S4+1-*bn \]*aZmf SWS 31ab\VSf ,S/\, a]\`b* L a*W\Y 55B9MD `\Y1 b\-\E Zd3Z\ aW1/Sbn 4* b1YE hb\O +m , Z*j1Y /\Y1 +mW\ +14\]*aZ\ 3SbnD ˛*V\Z1E /*ZO Z\Y \-\YE -\,\`SW\anB w \-/* ]\ab`\Sjn Z\,my /\YE a/1W*y Z* V`mj1 \-`*3/1ZS1E hb\+m ZSVb\ Z1 d]*W a

Z11 S S4O4* b1+q Z* b,\y /\Y Z1 W1-W* ,SZ* , ]`\WSbSS V`\,Sx L b\`\4*V\ZS1 66B<MD =

*V31 1-\,1 Z1+14`*4WShZ\E V*V Ym \+`*k*1YO aq a 3S,\bZmYSD \- `*4`1j*1b d+Sbn 3S,\bZ\1E 1aWS h1W\,1Vd Zd3Z* ]Sk* SWS \/13/* SWS 1aWS 3S,\bZ\1 ]`1/ab*,Wq1b \]*aZ\abn /Wq 3S4ZS L mbS1 7B65C =B7C

af\/ 65B6<MD \ \+`*k*bnaq a ZSYS 31ab\V\ SWS d+SO ,*bn Sf ]`\ab\ `*/S a]\`bS,Z\-\ SZb1`1a* P Z1Wn4q L `SbhS 56B5>MD

˚ & ˝ ˛ ˚ O )

5>

1-\,* ahSb*1b V`\,n a,qb\yE ]\b\Yd hb\ /Wq Z1O -\ V`\,n P aSY,\W 3S4ZSD *]`SY1`E V\-/* *SZ d+SW ,1WqE 1-\,* aV*4*W 1YdB w `\,n b,\1-\ +`*b* ,4m,*O 1b V\ YZ1 \b 41YWSx L mbS1 8B5>MD *V ,S/Z\ S4 ob\-\ abSf*E /Wq \-* V`\,n ,1Wq +mW* aSY,\W\Y 1-\ 3S4O <D b\ Ym /\W3Zm /1W*bnE hb\+m Z1 ]`ShSZSbn ,`1/* ZS a1+1E ZS /`dO -SYH =D *V Z*Y aW1/d1b \+`*k*bnaq a 3S,\bZmYSH 5>D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ V`\,n P ob\ aSY,\W 3S4ZSH

˚ ˚ ˙ ˝ ˛

57=

ZSD ˛* ]`\WSbS1 V`\,S *SZ +mW Z*V*4*ZD \aW1 \b\O ]* 1-\,* aZ\,* ]\V*4*WE hb\ V`\,n /Wq Z1-\ aSY,\WSO

4S`d1b 3S4ZnD \- aV*4*W \p S 1-\ a1Yn1B w a1 /,SO

3dk11aqE hb\ 3S,1bE +d/1b ,*Y ]Sk1yD *V S 41W1Zm1

`*ab1ZSqE q /*p ,*Y ,a1 ob\D \WnV\ Z1 1jnb1 ]W\bS a

11 /dj\y 3S4Znp P a 11 V`\,npx L mbS1 5B6=C =B7E 8MD

1-\,* Z1 `*4`1jSW 1abn Yqa\ a V`\,npE ]\b\Yd hb\ V`\,n ]`1/ab*,WqW* /djdE b\ 1abn 3S4ZnD 55 `SY1`Z\ h1`14 ,\a1Yna\b W1b ]\aW1 \b\]* 1O -\,* /*W a,\1Yd Z*`\/d b*V\y 4*V\ZB w˚aWS Vb\OZS+d/n S4 amZ\,1y 4`*SWq SWS 3S,dkSy a`1/S ,*a ]`Sj1O W1g ]\yY*1b Z* \f\b1 4,1`q SWS ]bSgdE V\b\`mf Y\3Z\

1abnE b\ ]dabn ,m]dabSb S4 /\+mhS V`\,n S ]\V`\1b 11

41YW1yxD ˛*b1Y \- ]\,1W1WB w 1 1jnb1 V`\,nx L 1,Sb 5;B57E 58MD *V ,S/Z\E 1-\,* ]\O]`13Z1Yd f\b1WE hb\O +m 1-\ aWd3Sb1WS ahSb*WS V`\,n a,qb\yD Z `*4`1jSW SY 1abn Yqa\E Z\ 4*]`1bSW 1abn V`\,nD 1`1/ b1Y V*V 1abn Yqa\ d+Sb\-\ 3S,\bZ\-\E Zd3Z\ +mW\ ,m]dabSbn

S4 Z1-\ V`\,n S ,mWSbn 11 Z* 41YWpD 56 1`14 Z1aV\WnV\ W1b ]\aW1 aY1`bS Sada* `Sab* , 1`da*WSY1 ,ab`1bSWSan *]\ab\Wm S ab*`1yjSZm f`SabS*ZaV\-\ a\+`*ZSqD Y Zd3Z\ +mW\ `1jSbnE V*O VS1 4*]\,1/S S4 b1fE V\b\`m1 \- /*W S4`*SWnbqZ*YE

,a1 1k1 Zd3Z\ +mW\ a\+Wp/*bnD L `\hSb*yb1 ˙1qO ZSq 59B6<E 6=C 65B69DM 1-\,* ]\Y\- *]\ab\W*Y S ab*`1yO jSZ*Y ]\ZqbnE hb\ V`\,nE V*V S `*Znj1E \ab*,*O W*an /Wq Z1-\ g1ZZ\y S hb\ /Wq ZSf \Z* /\W3Z* +mO W* +mbn a,qb\yD 1`,mY f`SabS*Z*Y Z1Wn4q +mW\ 1abn SWS ]Sbn V`\,nD Y b*V31 Z1Wn4q +mW\ 1abn Yqa\ d+SO bmf 3S,\bZmfE 1aWS S4 ZSf Z1 +mW* ,m]dk1Z* V`\,nD 55D *V\y 4*V\Z \- /*W S4`*SWnbqZ*YH 56D *V f`SabS*Z1 /\W3Zm \bZ\aSbnaq V V`\,SH

58>

Ë&#x161; )H

'b\ ahSb*W\an b*VSY 31 -`1f\YE V*V S/\W\]\VW\Zab,\ SWS a1Vad*WnZ*q +14Z`*,ab,1ZZ\abnD *V 1-\,* \bZ\O aSbaq V V`\,S a1-\/ZqH Z ]\O]`13Z1Yd f\h1bE hb\+m

Ym ahSb*WS 11 a,qb\yD \ob\Yd SabSZZm1 f`SabS*Z1 Z1 1/qb S Z1 ]npb V`\,nD 57 \3Z\ WS f`SabS*Z*Y ]1`1WS,*bn V`\,nH 1bE Z1Wn4qD *]`SY1`E 1aWS ,*Y 4*]`1bSWS ]Sbn *WV\-\WnE Y\3Z\ WS ,,\/Sbn 1-\ , ,1ZdH \Z1hZ\ Z1bD \/\+Z\ ob\YdE 4*]`1b 1abn SWS ]Sbn V`\,n \4Z*h*1bE hb\ ]1`1O

WS,*bn 11 b\31 Z1Wn4qD L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 6=DM 58

*V ]\abd]SbnE 1aWS ,`*hS -\,\`qbE hb\ +14 ]1O

`1WS,*ZSq V`\,S ,m dY`1b1H *3/my S4 Z*a /\W31Z a*Y `1jSbnE +d/1b WS \Z a\+Wp/*bn 4*V\Z \-* \ V`\O ,SD *V f`SabS*Z1E Ym a d,*31ZS1Y \bZ\aSYaq V /*O

`d 3S4ZS S /1W*1Y ,a1 ,\4Y\3Z\1E hb\+m a\f`*ZSbn a,\p 3S4ZnD \ob\YdE f\bq Ym Z1 a\-W*j*1Yaq Z* ]1O `1WS,*ZS1 V`\,SE Ym ab*`*1Yaq Z*ybS /`d-S1 Y1b\/m W1h1ZSqD 59 \aV\WnVd 3S4Zn \h1Zn g1ZZ* /Wq \-*E Ym ab*`*O 1Yaq 4*+\bSbnaq \ 4/\`\,n1E Z\ Ym Z1 Y\31Y a\O -W*aSbnaq Z* ]1`1WS,*ZS1 V`\,SD Ë&#x2122;Wq Z*a aWdj*bnaq

1-\,d ,*3Z11E h1Y ]mb*bnaq a\f`*ZSbn a,\p 3S4Zn

]db1Y Z*`dj1ZSq 1-\ 4*V\Z\,D Sada aV*4*WB w b\ f\O

h1b a]*abS a,\p /djdE b\b ]\b1`q1b 11E * Vb\ ]\b1`q1b

a,\p /djd `*/S Y1ZqE b\b Z*y/1b 11x L *be1q 5:B69MD `SabS*Z1 a\+Wp/*pb 4*V\Z \-* \ V`\,SE ]\b\Yd hb\ â&#x20AC;¹ Wp+qb 1-\D m d,1`1ZmB 1-\,* 4Z*1bE hb\ /Wq Z*a WdhO

j1 ,a1-\D mE V*V S \ZE g1ZSY 3S4Zn S ahSb*1Y 11 a,qO b\y LË&#x161;,`1qY 55B:MD 57D \h1Yd f`SabS*Z1 \bV*4m,*pbaq \b ]1`1WS,*ZSq V`\,SH 58E 59D \bq f`SabS*Z1 g1Zqb 3S4ZnE +d/db WS \ZS ]mb*bnaq a]*abS

a,\p 3S4Zn ]db1Y Z*`dj1ZSq 4*V\Z\, \-*H +lqaZSb1D

˚ ˚ ˙ ˝ ˛

585

5:

*V Ym d,S/1WSE ,1`Zm1 aWd3Sb1WS \-* Z*ab`\1O Zm a\+Wp/*bn 4*V\Z \ V`\,SD ZS Z1 1/qb S Z1 ]npb

V`\,nD ZS Z1 Sa]\Wn4dpb 11 , Y1/SgSZaVSf g1Wqf P /*31 V\-/* Sf 3S4Zn , \]*aZ\abSD /Z*V\ \ZS Sa]\WnO 4dpb /`d-S1 Y1b\/m1D ZS d,1`1ZmE hb\ \4/*b1Wn ‹ 3S4ZS S V`\,S b\hZ\ 4Z*1bE hb\ /Wq ZSf Wdhj1D 1`Sb1 WS ,mE hb\ 1-\,* f\h1b /Wq ,*a a*Y\-\ Wdhj1-\H

& ˝˚

"˚ ) 5;

˛*V\Z1E V\b\`my \- /*W \Sa1pE aV*4*Z\B w˙dO

j* ]W\bS , V`\,SE S q ]`1/Z*4Z*hSW 11 /Wq 31`b,1ZZSO V*E hb\+m ,m a\,1`j*WS SaVd]W1ZS1 a,\Sf /dj SWS ]`\aSWS ]`\k1ZSq E b*V V*V SY1ZZ\ V`\,n a\,1`j*O 1b SaVd]W1ZS1x L 1,Sb 5;B55MD \-/* S4`*SWnbqZ1 a\-`1O j*WSE \ZS Y\-WS ]`SZ1abS , 31`b,d 3S,\bZ\1 S ]\]`\aSbn a,qk1ZZSV* ,mWSbn Z1YZ\-\ V`\,S ob\-\ 3S,\bZ\-\ Z* 31`b,1ZZSV , f`*Y1D *V \ZS ]`\aSWS d

1-\,m ]`\k1ZSq 4* a,\S -`1fSD 1-\,* `*4`1jSW SaO ]\Wn4\,*bn V`\,n b\WnV\ b*VSY \+`*4\YD 5< Sada \b/*W a,\p 3S4ZnE /`d-SYS aW\,*YSE ]`\O WSW a,\p V`\,nE /Wq ]`\k1ZSq Z*jSf -`1f\,D *VSY

\+`*4\Y +mW \bY1Z1Z 4*V\Z \ 31`b,\]`SZ\j1ZSS 3SO ,\bZmf L *be1q 6>B6<C ˚,`1qY 5>B5MD ˝S4Zn Sada* +mO W* Z*ab\WnV\ g1ZZ\yE hb\ +W*-\/*`q 1-\ 31`b,1 1-\O ,* Y\31b /*bn V*3/\Yd h1W\,1Vd ,\4Y\3Z\abn 3Sbn ,1hZ\ L \*ZZ* 7B5:C ˚,`1qY =B55E 56C 5 1b`* 5B5<E 5=MD 1 \/`\+Z11 \ ]1`1WS,*ZSS V`\,SE hSb*yb1 , VZS-1 w \f`*ZqyO b1 a1+q , \3n1y Wp+,SxE ab`*ZSgm ;;P;=D 4/*Z* ,S/1b1WqYS

1-\,mD

5:D \h1Yd aWd3Sb1WS \-* 1-\ aWdj*pbaqH 5;D *VSY 1/SZab,1ZZmY \+`*4\Y S4`*SWnbqZ1 Y\-WS Sa]\Wn4\,*bn V`\,nH 5<D *V*q ,\4Y\3Z\abn ]\q,SW*an d Z*a +W*-\/*`q 31`b,1 Sada*H

586

Ë&#x161; )H

*V ,m Y\31b1 ]\V*4*bnE hb\ g1ZSb1 3S4Zn S V`\,nH 5= m +W*-\/*`Zm 1-\,1 4* ]`1V`*aZmy /*` 3S4ZSD

Ym f\bSY `*aaV*4m,*bn /`d-SYE hb\ \ZS aY\-db 3Sbn ,1hZ\E 1aWS +d/db ,1`Sbn , Sada*D m Wp+SY

Wp/1y S ]\b\Yd a/1W*1Y ,a1 ,\4Y\3Z\1E hb\+m ]\O Y\hn SY d4Z*bnE V*V ]\WdhSbn ,1hZdp 3S4Zn L 141VSO SWn 7B5;P65MD ]\ab\W *,1W aV*4*WB w) hSab \b V`\,S ,a1fE ]\b\Yd hb\ q Z1 dVW\ZqWaq \b b\-\E hb\+m ,\4,1O k*bn ,*Y ,ap ,\Wp \-*x LË&#x2122;1qZSq 6>B6:E 6;MD m b\31 f\bSY +mbn whSabmYS \b V`\,S ,a1fxD \ob\Yd Ym /\WO 3Zm `*aaV*4m,*bn Wp/qY \+ 1-\,1 S \ b\YE Z*aV\WnO V\ g1ZZ* /Wq Z1-\ 3S4ZnD

5=D b\ Ym /\W3Zm /1W*bnE hb\+m +mbn whSabmYS \b V`\,S ,a1fxH

˚ ˚ ˝ ˛ & w b1+q Sab\hZSV 3S4ZSx L a*W\Y 7:B=MD

h1Y ]`\q,Wq1baq d,*31ZS1 V 3S4ZSH ˙1qZSq 5;B6<C

bV`\,1ZS1 8B55 ˝S4Zn P ob\ /*` \-*E S Z*Y Zd3Z\ \bZ\aSbnaq V Z1y a d,*31ZS1YD

af\/ 65B66E 67C b\`\4*V\ZS1 9B5; +Syab,\ S *+\`b P ob\ 4W\D

5 \*ZZ* 7B55E 56E 59 \- \ad3/*1b Z1Z*,SabnD 6 \`SZeqZ*Y ;B5 4+1-*yb1 Z1hSabmf ]`S,mO h1VE Z*]`SY1` d]\b`1+W1ZSq Z*`V\bSV\, S Vd`1ZSqD a*W\Y 55B9 4+1-*yb1 31ab\VSf ,S/\, a]\`b* S 31ab\VSf `*4,W1O h1ZSyD

˝ ˛ & & w 1/n /dj* 3S4Zn ,aqV\y ]W\bS P

ob\ 11 V`\,nC /dj* P , V`\,Sx L 1,Sb 5;B58MD

*V \- \bZ\aSbaq V 3S4ZS S V`\,SH mbS1 8B5>C b\`\4*V\ZS1 56B67

`\,n P aSY,\W 3S4ZSD mbS1 =B7E 8 \3Z\ 1abn Yqa\E Z\ Z1Wn4q 1abn V`\,nD

˙1qZSq 59B6<E 6=C 65B69 \- ]\,1W1,*1b ,\4/1`3SO ,*bnaq \b V`\,S P /*31 , Y1/SgSZaVSf g1WqfD ˚,`1qY 55B: *Y\1 -W*,Z\1 , Z*j1y 3S4ZS P /`d3+* a 1-\,\yD

588

Ë? &Ë&#x203A; & & w `\,n Sada*DDD \hSk*1b Z*a \b ,aqV\-\ -`1f*x L5 \*ZZ* 5B;MD

*V\1 4Z*h1ZS1 /Wq Z*a SY11b 31`b,* Sada* `Sab*H 1,Sb 5;B55 +S+W1yaVS1 ,`1Y1Z*E V\-/* S4`*SWnbqZ1 a\-`1j*WSE \ZS Y\-WS ]`SZ1abS , 31`b,d 3SO ,\bZ\1 S ]\]`\aSbn a,qk1ZO ZSV* ,mWSbn Z1YZ\-\ V`\,S ob\-\ 3S,\bZ\-\ Z* 31`b,1ZO ZSV , f`*Y1D *be1q 6>B6<C Ë&#x161;,`1qY =B55P58 Sada \b/*W a,\p 3S4ZnE SWS ]`\WSW V`\,nE /Wq b\-\E hb\+m Y\3Z\ +mW\ ]`\abSbn Z*jS -`1fSD *VSY \+`*4\Y \Z \bY1ZSW 4*V\Z \ 31`b,\O ]`SZ\j1ZSS 3S,\bZmfD

\*ZZ* 7B5: Ë?S4Zn Sada* +mW* Z*ab\WnO V\ g1ZZ\yE hb\ +W*-\/*`q 1-\ 31`b,1 \- Y\31b /*bn V*3/\O Yd h1W\,1Vd ,\4Y\3Z\abn 3Sbn ,1hZ\D

58

˝

˙ ) ˚ ˚•

&)

˚ ) a1Ynq ]\q,SW*an +W*-\/*`q \-dD S+WSS -\O

,\`SbaqE hb\ 1-\,* a\b,\`SW 31ZkSZd S ]`S,1W 11 V

Yd3hSZ1E /*YdD ,S/1, 11E /*Y ,\aVWSVZdWB w \b Z*O V\Z1g V\abn \b Y\Sf V\ab1y S ]W\bn \b Y\1y ]W\bSx L mO bS1 6B66E 67MD Z +mW \h1Zn ah*abWS,D 'b\ ]\V*4m,*1bE hb\ 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m a1YnS +mWS ah*abWS,mYSD 6

a\3*W1ZSpE Z1 ,a1 ,m`\aWS , ah*abWS,mf a1YnqfD /Z*V\ +S+W1yaVS1 ]`SZgS]m Y\-db ]\Y\hn Yd3nqY S

31Z*YE `\/Sb1WqY S /1bqY a\4/*bn b*Vdp a1YnpE , V\b\O `\y V*3/my +d/1b hd,ab,\,*bn a1+q Zd3ZmY S Wp+SO YmY L dVS 55B6<MD

˛ % &

" ˝˚ 7

S+WSS aV*4*Z\E hb\ Yd3 /\W31Z Wp+Sbn S d,*O 3*bn a,\p 31ZdD \3*Wdyab*E ]`\hSb*yb1 'e1aqZ*Y 9B69P6=D \`\jSy Yd3 ,a1-/* \bZ\aSbaq V 31Z1 ]\O/\O

+`\YdD Z 4*kSk*1b 11E 4*+\bSbaq \ Z1y S ZSV\-/* Z1 /1W*1b b\-\E hb\ ]`ShSZSW\ +m 31Z1 +\WnD 8

\`\y 31Z* Y\31b a/1W*bn hb\Ob\E hb\ Yd3d Z1 ]\O Z`*,SbaqD *V Yd3 /\W31Z ,1abS a1+q , b*V\Y aWdh*1H \b hb\ S+WSq a\,1bd1b Yd3nqYB w 1 ]1`1ab*,*yb1

Wp+Sbn a,\Sf 31Z S Z1 +d/nb1 a ZSYS `14VSx L \W\aO aqZ*Y 7B5=MD d3nqE ]\YZSb1E hb\ ,m b\31 Y\31b1 5E 6D \h1Yd Y\3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m a1YnS +mWS ah*abWS,mYSH 7E 8D *M *V Yd3 /\W31Z \bZ\aSbnaq V 31Z1H +M \h1Yd Yd3d S 31Z1 ,*3Z\ ]`\k*bn /`d- /`d-*H

58:

˚ )H

\jS+*bnaqD E 1aWS ,m f\bSb1E hb\+m \- ,*a ]`\k*WE ,m

/\W3Zm ]`\k*bn a,\Sf 31Z L *be1q :B56E 58E 59MD ˚aWS Yd3 S 31Z* \f\bZ\ ]`\k*pb /`d- /`d-*E Sf +`*V +d/1b ah*abWS,mYD 9 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m Yd3 d,*3*W /\ab\SZab,\ a,\O

1y 31ZmD Z /\W31Z /dY*bn \ 11 ]\b`1+Z\abqfD 'b\

\h1Zn a1`n14Zmy ,\]`\aD ˚aWS Yd3 ]W\f\ \+`*k*1baq a 31Z\yE 1-\,* Y\31b \bV*4*bnaq aWdj*bn 1-\ Y\WSbO ,m L5 1b`* 7B;MD 1-\,* Z1 ahSb*1b Yd3hSZ g1ZZ11 31ZO kSZD Z Wp+Sb ,a1fE Vb\ Wp+Sb 1-\D :

\ aW\,*Y Sada*E ]\aW1 b\-\ V*V Yd3hSZ* S 31ZO kSZ* ,abd]SWS , +`*VE wSf d31 Z1 /,\1E Z\ \ZS P \/Z* ]W\bnxE b\ 1abn Sf \bZ\j1ZSq ab*Z\,qbaq \h1Zn +WS4VSYS L *be1q 5=B:MD d]`d-S /\W3Zm +mbn ]`1/*ZO Zm /`d- /`d-dD ZS ZSV\-/* Z1 /\W3Zm S4Y1Zqbn a,\1O Yd a]dbZSVd 3S4ZS L `SbhS 9B59P65C ˚,`1qY 57B8MD d3 S 31Z* /\W3Zm dhSbm,*bn ]\b`1+Z\abS /`d- /`d-*E V\-/*

`1hn S/1b \ a1Vad*WnZmf \bZ\j1ZSqfEP 4/1an Z1b Y1O ab* o-\S4Yd L5 \`SZeqZ*Y ;B7P9MD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqB w SVb\ ZSV\-/* Z1 SY1W Z1Z*,SabS V a,\1y ]W\bSE Z\E

Z*]`\bS,E ]Sb*1b S W1W11b 11xD 'b\ \4Z*h*1bE hb\ Yd3 /\W31Z Z1 ]`\ab\ Wp+Sbn 31ZdE Z\ S Z13Z\ 4*+\bSbnaq \ Z1yD \Wnj1 ,a1-\ 31Z* f\h1bE hb\+m Yd3 +mW /\+`mY S Wp+qkSY L'e1aqZ*Y 9B6=MD

˛ % &

"˚• ˝˚ • ;

b\+m a1Ynq +mW* /`d3Z\y S V`1]V\yE 1y Z1\+f\O /SY f\`\jSy `dV\,\/Sb1WnE SWS -W*,*D S+WSS aV*4*O Z\B w *3/\Yd Yd3hSZ1 -W*,* P `Sab\aE 31ZkSZ1 9D \h1Yd Yd3 /\W31Z d,*3*bn /\ab\SZab,\ a,\1y 31ZmH :D b\ \4Z*h*1b +mbn w\/Z\y ]W\bnpxH ;D \h1Yd , a1Yn1 /\W31Z +mbn -W*,*H

h1Y *``* ]\/*W* ]`SY1` 31Z*YH

-W*,* P Yd3hSZ*E * `Sabd -W*,* P \-x L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 55B7MD < \Z1hZ\E Yd3 Y\31b \jS+*bnaqD \ 1aWS 31Z* a\O -W*j*1baq a `1j1ZSqYS Yd3* S ]\//1`3S,*1b 1-\E ob\ a\/1yab,d1b +W*-\]\WdhSp ,a1y a1YnS L5 1b`* 7B5P:MD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqB w˝1Z1 aW1/d1b -Wd+\V\ d,*3*bn Yd3*x L'e1aqZ*Y 9B77MD V*V 31Z* /\W3Z* \bZ\aSbnO aq V Yd3dE 1aWS \Z Z1 ,1`Sb , \-* SWS d Z1-\ /`d-*q `1WS-SqH \hZ\ b*V 31 P a -Wd+\VSY d,*31ZS1YD S+O

WSq ]`S4m,*1b 31ZB w mE 31ZmE ]\/hSZqyb1an a,\SY YdO 3nqYE hb\+m b1E Vb\ Z1 ]\,SZdpbaq aW\,dE +14 aW\,* +mO

WS 4*,\1,*Zm ,*jSY ]\,1/1ZS1YE Z*+Wp/*q 4* ,*jSY hSabmY ]\,1/1ZS1Y S ,S/q ,*j1 -Wd+\V\1 d,*31ZS1x L5 1b`* 7B5E 6MD ˚aWS 31Z* +d/1b ,1abS a1+q /\ab\yZ\E

ob\ Y\31b ]\+d/Sbn Yd3* d4Z*bn +\Wnj1 \ 11 `1WS-SS S

\bZ\aSbnaq a d,*31ZS1Y V 11 d+13/1ZSqYD

= ˚aWS 31Z* , h1YOb\ Z1 a\-W*aZ* a Yd31YE \Z* Y\31b <D *V 31Z* Y\31b ]\V*4*bn Yd3dE hb\ -Wd+\V\ d,*3*1b 1-\H

=D *M *V /\W3Z* ]\abd]Sbn 31Z*E 1aWS \Z* , h1YOb\ Z1 a\-W*aZ* a YdO

31YH +M *V\y a\,1b /*1baq 31Z*Y , Sbd 6B8E 9H

58<

Ë&#x161; )H

aV*4*bn 1Yd \+ ob\YD `S ob\Y 1y Zd3Z\ -\,\`Sbn a d,*31ZS1YD *]`SY1`E \/Z*3/m *``* ,maV*4*W*

,`**Yd a,\1 YZ1ZS1 ]\ \/Z\Yd ,\]`\adD Z\ 1Yd Z1 ]\Z`*,SW\anD \ 1-\,* aV*4*W ,`**YdB w \aWdj*yaq

11 -\W\a*x L mbS1 65B=P56MD \aV\WnVd `1j1ZSqE V\b\O `m1 ]`SZSY*pb Yd3nqOf`SabS*Z1E V*V ]`*,SW\E Z1 ]`\O

bS,\`1h*b S+WSSE 31Zm /\W3Zm ]\//1`3S,*bn `1j1O ZSq Yd31y LË&#x2122;1qZSq 9B6=C 'e1aqZ*Y 9B68MD \`\j*q 31O Z* S Y*bn 4*+\bSbaq \ a,\1y a1Yn1D L `\hSb*yb1 Sbd 6B8E 9DM Ë&#x161;aWS Yd3 S /1bS +d/db ,S/1bnE hb\ \Z* YZ\-\ /1O

W*1b /Wq ZSfE \ZS +d/db 1k1 aSWnZ11 11 Wp+Sbn S d,*O 3*bn L `SbhS 75B5>E 6<MD 5>

Z\-/* ad]`d-S ]\a]1jZ\ `1j*pb `*4,1abSan SWS 3Sbn \b/1WnZ\ /`d- \b /`d-*D /Z*V\ , S+WSS -\,\`SbO aqE hb\ w31Z* Z1 /\W3Z* df\/Sbn \b Yd3*x S hb\ wYd3 Z1 /\W31Z \ab*,Wqbn 31Zdx L5 \`SZeqZ*Y ;B5>E 55MD Z1V\O b\`mf \a\+mf aWdh*qf ad]`d-S Y\-db `1jSbn 3Sbn `*4O

/1WnZ\E Z\ ob\ \h1Zn a1`n14Z\1 `1j1ZS1D hb\ , S+O WSS -\,\`Sbaq \ `*4,\/1H Ë&#x161;/SZab,1ZZ*q ]`ShSZ*E ]\ V\b\`\y Y\3Z\ `*4,1abSanEP ob\ ad]`d31aV*q S4Y1Z* L *be1q 5=B=MD

Ë&#x203A; % &

"

Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; ) H 55

\/Sb1WSE \+k*yb1an a\ a,\SYS /1bnYS V*V Y\3Z\ h*k1D m Zd3Zm a,\SY /1bqYD *aaV*4m,*yb1 SY \+ 1O -\,1 P ob\ a*Y\1 ,*3Z\1 S4 b\-\E hb\ ,m Y\31b1 /Wq ZSf a/1W*bn L b\`\4*V\ZS1 :B8P=MD

56 S` *b*Zm a V*3/mY /Z1Y ab*Z\,Sbaq 4W11 S 5>D \3Z\ WS ad]`d-*Y 3Sbn \b/1WnZ\ /`d- \b /`d-* SWS `*4,\O /SbnaqH 55D b\ /1bqY Zd3Z\ +\Wnj1 ,a1-\H 56D b\ /\W3Zm a/1W*bn `\/Sb1WSE hb\+m 4*kSbSbn a,\Sf /1b1yH

˝ ˙ ) ˚ ˚• &)

58=

4W11D a\3*W1ZSpE Z1V\b\`m1 Wp/S Y\-db ]`ShSZSbn ,`1/ ,*jSY /1bqYD p/* Y\31b ,VWph*bnaq S a1Vad*WnO Z\1 Z*aSWS1D 1V\b\`mY `\/Sb1WqY b`d/Z\ \+ad3/*bn a /1bnYS b*VS1 b1YmD /Z*V\ \ZS /\W3Zm ]`1/d]`13O /*bn /1b1y \+ \]*aZ\abS S dhSbn SfE V*V ,1abS a1+q a b*O VSYS Wp/nYSD \/Sb1WSE ,m \+q4*Zm 4*kSk*bn a,\Sf /1b1y1 L5 1b`* 9B<MD 57

\/Sb1WS \b,1bab,1ZZm 4* b\E hb\+m dhSbn /1b1yE

1 4Z*bn \+ ob\Y +\Wnj1 Y\3Z\ S4 76Oy -W*,m VZS-S w hSan d 1WSV\-\ hSb1WqxD 4/*Z* ,S/1b1WqYS 1-\,mD

57D h1Y `\/Sb1WqY aW1/d1b ]\YZSbnE V\-/* \ZS \+dh*pb a,\Sf /1O b1yH

Sada `Sab\a P f\`\jSy ]`SY1` /Wq V*3/\-\ hW1Z* a1YnS

59>

˚ )H

V*V ]`*,SWnZ\ a1+q ,1abSD *V \ZS Y\-db ob\ /1O W*bnH ˙1b1y Zd3Z\ ]\ab\qZZ\ Z*ab*,WqbnE Z\ ]`S ob\Y `\/Sb1WqY Z1Wn4q +mbn -`d+mYS S 31ab\VSYS L 1`1O

YSq 7>B55MD SV\-/* Z1 \+ad3/*yb1 a `1+1ZV\Y 1-\ Z1O ]`*,SWnZ\1 ]\,1/1ZS1E 1aWS ,m `*4/`*31ZmD Z*h1 ,*O

jS aW\,* +d/db `*ZSbnE V*V Y1h\YE /1W*q `1+1ZVd +\WnO Z\ L `SbhS 56B5<MD \Y\-Sb1 /1bqY ]\ZqbnE ]\h1Yd \ZS /\W3Zm ,*a aWdj*bnaq L'e1aqZ*Y :B8C ˚,`1qY 56B=P55C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZS1 7>MD

˙ ˝ % ˚ ˚ ) ˙˚

58

Sada ,a1-/* +mW ]\aWdj1Z bgdE /*31 1aWS ob\ +mO W\ Z1]`\ab\ L dVS 66B86C \*ZZ* <B6<E 6=MD 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m /1bS aWdj*WSan `\/Sb1W1y L'e1aqZ*Y :B5P7MD 59

˙1bSE 1aWS ,*Y b`d/Z\ aWdj*bnaq `\/Sb1W1yE 4Z*yO b1E hb\E V\-/* ,m ob\ /1W*1b1E `*/dpbaq Z1 b\WnV\ \ZSE Z\ S 1-\,*1 L `SbhS 5B<C :B6>C 67B66P69MD 5:

*V ˙nq,\W Y\31b ]\/b\WVZdbn ,*a a/1W*bn hb\Ob\ Z1]`*,SWnZ\1H *]`SY1`E h1`14 ,*jSf /`d41y SWS 4Z*O V\YmfE ,1/n \Z 4Z*1bE Z*aV\WnV\ aSWnZ\ /`d4nq Y\-db ,WSqbn Z* Z*aD a]\YZSb1 ˙SZdE /\hn *V\,*D Z* /`dO 3SW* a Wp/nYSE V\b\`m1 Z1 Wp+SWS 1-\,dE S ob\ ]`SO

Z1aW\ YZ\-\ -\`q 1y S 11 a1Yn1 L mbS1 78B5E 6MD ˚aWS d ,*a 1abn /`d4nqE V\b\`m1 Z1 Wp+qb 1-\,dE \ZS Y\-db ]\/O b\WVZdbn ,*a a/1W*bn hb\Ob\E hb\ 1-\,* Z1Z*,S/SbD 'b\ ]`ShSZSb +\Wn ,*YE ,*j1y a1Yn1 S \-d L `SbhS 5;B65E

1 1+1Z\V Y\31b Z1 ]\aWdj*bnaq `\/Sb1W1yE 1aWS \ZS ]`\O aqb 1-\ a/1W*bn hb\Ob\E hb\ ]`\bS,\`1hSb 4*V\Zd \-* L˙1qZSq 9B6=MD

58E 59D \h1Yd /1bS /\W3Zm aWdj*bnaq `\/Sb1W1yH 5:D *M *V *b*Z* Y\31b ]\/b*WVS,*bn Y\W\/mf ]\abd]*bn Z1]`*O ,SWnZ\H +M \h1Yd ,*3Z\ /`d3Sbn a b1YSE Vb\ Wp+Sb 1-\,dH

595

˝ ˙ ) ˚ ˚• &)

69MD \ob\Yd \h1Zn ,*3Z\ /`d3Sbn a b1YSE Vb\ Wp+Sb

1-\,d L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B77MD

" ˚ &) ˝˚ % &

• 5;

˚aWS V*3/my , a1Yn1 +d/1b ab*`*bnaq ]\abd]*bn b*VE V*V ob\-\ f\h1b \-E ob\ 4*kSbSb a1Ynp \b YZ\O

-Sf ]`\+W1YD d3nqE Wp+Sb1 a,\Sf 31Z S ,a1-/* \bZ\O

aSb1an V ZSY ]\O/\+`\YdD ˝1ZmE d,*3*yb1 a,\Sf Yd31y S +d/nb1 SY ]\aWdjZmD b*`*yb1an +mbn ]\f\3SYS Z* 31ZdE \ V\b\`\y -\,\`Sbaq , `Sbh*f 75B5>P75D \/Sb1O WSE dhSb1 a,\Sf /1b1y Wp+Sbn \-* L `SbhS 66B:MD bgmE ab*`*yb1an wf\`\j\ d]`*,Wqbn a,\SYS /\Y*jZSYSx L5 SY\e1p 7B8E 9C 9B<MD ˙1bSE aWdj*yb1an a,\Sf `\/Sb1O W1y L \W\aaqZ*Y 7B6>MD *3Z\ ]\YZSbnE hb\ Wp+\y hW1Z a1YnS Y\31b a/1W*bn hb\Ob\ Z1 b*VD \ob\Yd dabd]*yb1 /`d- /`d-d S ]`\aSb1 /`d- d /`d-* ]`\k1ZSqD b*VE V*V Ym d,S/1WSE , S+WSS 1abn Yd/`m1 a\,1bm /Wq V*3/\-\ hW1Z* a1YnSD 5;D 1-\ \- \3S/*1b \b V*3/\-\ hW1Z* a1YnSH

b\ ]\Y\31b /1bqY \ab*,*bnaq ]\aWdjZmYS \-dE V\-/* Sf ]\/b*WVS,*pb a/1W*bn hb\Ob\ Z1]`*,SWnZ\1H

˚ P ˛˙ ˚ & ˚ & w \ob\Yd q ]`1VW\Zqp V\W1ZS ]1`1/ bg\YE V\O b\`\Yd ,aqV*q a1Ynq Z* Z1+1 S Z* 41YW1 \+q4*Z* a,\SY SY1Z1Yx L'e1aqZ*Y 7B58E 59MD

b\ Zd3Z\ /Wq a1Y1yZ\-\ ah*abnqH mbS1 5B6:P6< 1`,dp a1Ynp \aZ\,*W 1-\,*D

'e1aqZ*Y 9B5E 6 b\+m a1Ynq +mW* ah*abWSO ,\yE Yd3E 31Z* S /1bS /\W3Zm ]\/`*3*bn 1-\,1 S Sadad `SabdD

% & " ˝˚ ˝˚ • w \ S V*3/my S4 ,*a ]dabn b*V Wp+Sb a,\p 31ZdE V*V a*Y\-\ a1+qE * 31Z1 aW1/d1b -Wd+\V\ d,*3*bn Yd3*x L'e1aqZ*Y 9B77MD

*V Yd3 S 31Z* /\W3Zm \bZ\aSbnaq /`d- V /`d-dH 'e1aqZ*Y 9B66P6= d3 P -W*,* a1YnSD d3 /\W31Z Wp+Sbn 31ZdE * 31Z* /\W3Z* ]\//1`3S,*bn `1j1O ZSq Yd3*D \W\aaqZ*Y 7B5=C 5 1b`* 7B8 d3 S 31Z* /\W3Zm +mbn /\+`mYS S ,ZSY*b1WnZmYS /`d- V /`d-dD

5 1b`* 7B5E 6E ; ZS /\W3Zm g1ZSbn S d,*3*bn /`d- /`d-*D 5 SY\e1p 9B<C Sbd 6B8E 9 d3 /\W31Z \+1a]1hS,*bn a1YnpD ˝1Z* /\W3Z* f\`\j\ 4*+\bSbnaq \ a1Yn1D

597

% & " ˙ ˚ ) w 1 `*4/`*3*yb1 a,\Sf /1b1yE Z\ ,\a]Sbm,*yb1 SfE Z*ab*,Wqq S ,`*4dYWqq b*VE V*V ,1WSb

1-\,*x L'e1aqZ*Y :B8MD

1-\ \- \3S/*1b \b `\/Sb1W1yH b\`\4*V\ZS1 :B8P=C `SbhS 66B: *f\/Sb1 ,`1YqE hb\+m `*aO aV*4m,*bn /1bqY \ \-1D d/nO b1 b1`]1WS,mYSD \Y\-*yb1 SY a a*Y\-\ /1bab,* ab*Z\O ,Sbnaq /`d4nqYS 1-\,mD

5 1b`* 9B< *dhSb1 /1b1yE V*V S4+1-*bn \]*aZ\ab1y S V*V 4*kSbSbnaq \b Wp/1yE V\b\`m1 Y\-db ]`SO hSZSbn SY ,`1/E ,VWph*q a1VO ad*WnZ\1 Z*aSWS1D

1`1YSq 7>B55C ˚,`1qY 56B=P55 ˙1b1y Zd3Z\ ,\a]Sbm,*bnE Z\ a ZSYS Z1Wn4q \+`*k*bnaq -`d+\ S 31ab\V\D

˙ ˝ % ˚ ˚ ) ˙˚

w˙1bSE +d/nb1 ]\aWdjZm a,\SY `\/Sb1WqYx L'e1aqZ*Y :B5MD

˙1bSE ]\h1Yd ,m /\W3Zm aWdj*bnaq `\/Sb1W1yH `SbhS 67B66P69C \W\aaqZ*Y 7B6> ˚aWS ,m +d/1b1 ]\aWdjZmYSE ob\ \+`*/d1b 1-\,d S `\/SO b1W1yD

5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B77 ˙`d3Sb1 a b1YSE Vb\ Wp+Sb 1-\,dD \-/* ,*Y +d/1b W1-h1 ]\abd]*bn ]`*,SWnZ\D

59

&

) & ) H

,a1 `1WS-SS 4*q,WqpbE hb\ -\,\`qb \ \-1 ]`*,/dD \ Z1,\4Y\3Z\E hb\+m ]`*,/* +mW* d ,a1f `1O WS-SyE ,1/n Sf dh1ZSq \h1Zn `*4Zm1D \-/* -/1 Y\3Z\ d4Z*bn ]`*,/d \ \-1 S \ b\YE V*V ]`*,SWnZ\ 1Yd ]\VW\O ZqbnaqH + ob\Y Y\3Z\ d4Z*bn b\WnV\ d a*Y\-\ \-* 1O -\,mD 6

Ë&#x2122;Wq b\-\ hb\+m Ym d4Z*WSE V*V ]`*,SWnZ\ ]\O VW\Zqbnaq 1-\,1E \Z /*W Z*Y S+WSpD \ob\Yd ]`\O

/\W3*yb1 S4dh*bn 11D \- ]\Y\31b ,*Y ]\Zqbn +S+W1yO aVS1 dh1ZSqE ]\b\Yd hb\ Wp+Sb ,*a S f\h1bE hb\+m ,*O j* 3S4Zn ab*W* Wdhj1 L a*Sq 8<B5;MD 7

1V\b\`m1 Wp/S -\,\`qbE hb\ ,a1 `1WS-SS ,1/db V \-dD \ Sada `Sab\a b*V Z1 /dY*WD \b hb\ \Z aV*O 4*WB w 1 ,aqVSyE -\,\`qkSy YZ1B t \a]\/SE \a]\/SrE

,\y/1b , Z1+1aZ\1 g*`ab,\E * WSjn b\bE Vb\ Sa]\WZq1b

,\Wp Y\1-\ bg*xD \ob\Yd Z1\+f\/SY\ d4Z*bnE , h1Y

4*VWph*1baq ,\Wq \-* S Sa]\WZqbn 11D 'b\ \h1Zn a1O

`n14Zmy ,\]`\aE ,1/n b1fE Vb\ Z1 Sa]\WZq1b ,\Wp \O -*E Sada Z*4,*W wb,\`qkSYS +144*V\ZS1xE b\ 1abn ]`1O abd]ZSV*YS L *be1q ;B65P67MD 8

Sada ]`1/d]`1/SWE hb\ Sa]\WZqbn ,\Wp \-* +dO /1b Z1W1-V\D Z aV*4*WB w f\/Sb1 h1`14 d4VS1 ,\`\b*E 5D b\ Y\31b aV*4*bnE V*V ]`*,SWnZ\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-dH 6D bVd/* Y\3Z\ d4Z*bnE V*V ]`*,SWnZ\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-dH 7D 1-\ \- \b Z*a \3S/*1bH 8D b\ aV*4*W Sada \+ Sa]\WZ1ZSS ,\WS \-*H

& ) & ) H

599

]\b\Yd hb\ jS`\V* S ]`\ab\`Z* /\`\-*E ,1/dk*q V -SO +1WSE S YZ\-S1 S/db 1pE b\-/* V*V d4VS ,\`\b* S b1aZ*

/\`\-*E ,1/dk*q V 3S4ZSE S Z1YZ\-S1 Z*f\/qb 11x L *bO e1q ;B57E 58MD 1aZ*q /\`\-*E b\ 1abn ]`*,SWnZmy ]dbn V

\-dE ,1/1b V ,1hZ\y 3S4ZSE * jS`\V*q /\`\-*E b\

1abn Z1]`*,SWnZmy ]dbn V \-dE ,1/1b V aY1`bSD /Z*O V\ 1-\,* Z1 f\h1bE hb\+m Vb\OZS+d/n S4 Z*a dYS`*WD

]\ob\Yd \Z /*1b ,\4Y\3Z\abn V*3/\Yd d4Z*bn \ Z1Y L6 1b`* 7B=MD

˚

˝ ˙ ˚

˝ ˚ ˚•H 9

Sada \+lqaZSWE V*V Y\3Z\ +d/1b d4Z*bn b1fE Vb\ ]`*,SWnZ\ aWd3Sb \-dD 'b\ +d/1b ]\ZqbZ\ ]\ /1W*Y obSf Wp/1y S ]\ b\YdE ,\ hb\ \ZS ,1`qbD Z aV*4*WB w m d4Z*1b1 Sf ]\ Sf ]W\/*YxD /\+*,SWB w aqV\1 f\`\j11 /1`1,\ ]`SZ\aSb f\`\jS1 ]W\/mx L *be1q ;B5:E 5;MD 'b\ Z1 \4Z*h*1bE hb\ b1E Vb\ ]\VW\Zq1baq \-dE ZSV\-/* Z1 +d/db \jS+*bnaqD \ \ZS ab*`*pbaq ]\abd]*bn b*VE V*V ob\-\ f\h1b \-D ˙*,*yb1 ]\aY\b`SYE ]\ V*VSY ]`S4Z*O V*Y Y\3Z\ d4Z*bn b1fE Vb\ ]`*,SWnZ\ aWd3Sb \-dD :

\E ,\ hb\ ,1`qb SabSZZm1 aWd3Sb1WS \-*E

\aZ\,*Z\ Z* S+WSSD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqB w a1

Sa*ZS1 ,/\fZ\,W1Z\ \-\Y S ]\W14Z\ /Wq \+dh1O ZSqE /Wq \+WSh1ZSqE /Wq Sa]`*,W1ZSqE /Wq Z*ab*,O W1ZSq , ]`*,1/Z\abSE hb\+m \3Sy h1W\,1V +mW a,1O

/dk ,\ ,a1YE ]\WZ\abnp ]\/-\b\,W1Z V\ ,aqV\Yd /\+`\Yd /1Wdx L6 SY\e1p 7B5:E 5;MD ]\ab\W *,1W Z*O ]Sa*W f`SabS*Z*YB w \WdhS, aW\,\ \-*E daWmj*ZZ\1 \b Z*aE ,m ]`SZqWS 1-\ Z1 V*V aW\,\ h1W\,1h1aV\1E Z\ 9D *V Y\3Z\ d4Z*bn b1fE Vb\ ]`*,SWnZ\ aWd3Sb \-dH :E ;D \h1Yd ]\VW\Z1ZS1 \-d /\W3Z\ +mbn \aZ\,*Z\ Z* S+WSSH 1O Yd Z*a dhSb ]`SY1` Sada*H

59:

Ë&#x161; )H

V*V b\E h1Y \Z\ q,Wq1baq Z* a*Y\Y /1W1EP V*V aW\,\ \O -*x L5 1aa*W\ZSVSyg*Y 6B57MD \VW\Z1ZS1 \-d /\W3Z\ \aZ\,m,*bnaq Z1 Z* YZ1ZSS Wp/1yE b`*/SgSqf SWS Z*

h1YOb\ 1k1E * b\WnV\ Z* W\,1 \-*E S+WSSD ;

a1 dh1ZSq Sada* +mWS \aZ\,*Zm Z* W\,1 \-*D L `\hSb*yb1 \*ZZ* 5;B5;DM \-/* \Z dhSWE \Z h*ab\ Sa]\Wn4\,*W YmaWS S4 ,qk1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSq L *be1q 8B8E ;E 5>MD abSZZm1 aWd3Sb1WS \-* +1`db ]`SY1` a SO ada* P \ZS dh*b b\WnV\ b\YdE hb\ \aZ\,*Z\ Z* S+WSSD < \VW\Zqpbaq 1/SZab,1ZZ\Yd SabSZZ\Yd \-d

1-\,1D a*WY1 <7B5< -\,\`SbaqB w mE hn1 SYq 1-\O

,*E bm \/SZ a1,mjZSy Z*/ ,a1y 41YW1yx L a*W\Y <7B5<MD Sada `Sab\a f\b1WE hb\+m Wp/S 4Z*WSE Vb\ q,O Wq1baq SabSZZmY \-\YE S `*aaV*4*W SY \ 1-\ SY1ZSD L `\hSb*yb1 \*ZZ* 5;B:DM Sada aV*4*WB w \VW\ZqyO aq b,\1Yd \-d 1-\,1 S b\WnV\ 1Yd a\,1`j*y a,qk1ZO Z\1 aWd31ZS1x L *be1q 8B5>MD Wd3Sb1WS \-* ]\abd]*O pb b*V 31E V*V SadaD ZS ]\VW\Zqpbaq b\WnV\ 1-\,1 S Z*4m,*pb 1-\ ]\ SY1ZSD ZS `*aaV*4m,*pb \+ ob\Y â&#x20AC;¹ SY1ZS /`d-SY S \+`*k*pb Sf ,ZSY*ZS1 Z* b\E hb\ \a/1W*1b /Wq Wp/1y , +d/dk1YD =

\OZ*ab\qk1Yd Wp+qb /`d- /`d-*D Sada Z*dhSW a,\Sf dh1ZSV\, Wp+Sbn /`d- /`d-*E S SabSZZm1 aWd3SO b1WS \-* b*V S ]\abd]*pbD L `\hSb*yb1 \*ZZ* 57B79DM 14*,SaSY\ \b b\-\E -/1 \ZS `\/SWSanE , V*V\y VdWnbd`1 ,m`\aWSE +\-*bm \ZS SWS +1/ZmE \ZS Wp+qb

/`d- /`d-* V*V +`*bnq S a1ab`m L \W\aaqZ*Y 7B58MD \oO b\Yd \ZS Z1 S/db Z* ,\yZd S Z1 d+S,*pbD S+WSS -\O ,\`SbaqB wË&#x2122;1b1y \-* S /1b1y Ë&#x2122;nq,\W* Y\3Z\ d4Z*bn b*VB ,aqVSyE Z1 ]\abd]*pkSy ]`*,1/Z\EP Z1 \b \-*E <D b\ Sada aV*4*W \ ]\VW\Z1ZSS \-dH =E 5>D *V aWd3Sb1WS \-* ]`\q,Wqpb Wp+\,n /`d- V /`d-dH

& ) & ) H

59;

V*V S Z1 Wp+qkSy a,\1-\ +`*b*xD 1k1B w m /\W3Zm Wp+Sbn /`d- /`d-*D m Z1 /\W3Zm +mbn b*VSYSE V*V *O SZE V\b\`my +mW \b Ë&#x203A;W\-\ S d+SW a,\1-\ +`*b*x L5 \*ZO Z* 7B5>P56C 8B6>E 65MD 5>

abSZZm1 aWd3Sb1WS \-* -\b\,m b`*bSbn a,\S aSWm S a`1/ab,* Z* b\E hb\+m ]\Y\-*bn /`d- /`d-d LË&#x161;,O `1qY 5>B68E 69MD ZS /1W*pb /\+`\ ,a1Y Wp/qY L *W*b*Y :B5>MD 55

\aWdjZm Sadad `SabdE ]\aV\WnVd a]*a1O ZS1 ,\4Y\3Z\ b\WnV\ h1`14 Z1-\D S+WSS -\,\`SbO aqB w ZS , V\Y /`d-\Y Z1b a]*a1ZSqE ]\b\Yd hb\ ]\/ Z1O +\Y Z1b /`d-\-\ SY1ZSE /*ZZ\-\ Wp/qYE V\b\`mY Ym /\W3Zm a]*abSanx LË&#x2122;1qZSq 8B56MD 4 9Oy -W*,m ob\y VZSO -S Ym d4Z*WSE hb\ 1-\,* ]\aW*W Sada* Z* 41YWpE hb\O +m b\b \b/*W a,\p 3S4Zn V*V ,mVd] 4* ]\aWdjZmf \O -d Wp/1y L *be1q 6>B6<MD `\Y1 b\-\E 1-\,* Z*4Z*hSW

Sada* ]`*,Sbn 41YW1yD \ob\Yd , S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ 1aWS Ym f\bSY 3Sbn ,1hZ\E b\ /\W3Zm ]\/hSZqbnO aq SadadD L `\hSb*yb1 \*ZZ* 7B7:DM 56

1 dh*ab,dpb , ]\WSbSV1D Sada `Sab\a Z1 ,Y1jS,*Waq , ]\WSbSVdD * ad/1 d `SYaV\-\ ]`*,SO

b1Wq SW*b* \Z aV*4*WB w \1 g*`ab,\ Z1 \b ob\-\ YSO `*xD L `\hSb*yb1 \*ZZ* 5<B7:DM *V S `Sab\aE aWdO 3Sb1WS \-* ]`1/*ZZm *`ab,d \-*D \ob\YdE -/1 +m \ZS ZS 3SWSE \ZS Z1 dh*ab,dpb , ]\WSbSV1D /Z*V\ \ZS ]\/hSZqpbaq 4*V\Zd a,\1y ab`*ZmE ]\b\Yd hb\ , S+O WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Zd3Z\ ]\/hSZqbnaq w,majSY ,W*O abqYxE b\ 1abn ]`*,Sb1Wnab,d L SYWqZ*Y 57B5MD \Z1hO Z\E 1aWS V*V\yOb\ 4*V\Z ]`\bS,\`1hSb \3n1Yd 4*V\ZdE 55D \h1Yd Zd3Z\ ,1`SbnE hb\ a]*a1ZS1 ,\4Y\3Z\ b\WnV\ h1`14 SadO a* `Sab*H 56D \h1Yd aWd3Sb1WS \-* Z1 dh*ab,dpb , ]\WSbSV1H

59<

Ë&#x161; )H

aWd3Sb1WS \-* ]\abd]*pb V*V *]\ab\WmE V\b\`m1 \/Z*3/m aV*4*WSB w m /\W3Zm ]\/hSZqbnaq \-d V*V ]`*,Sb1WpE * Z1 Wp/qYx LË&#x2122;1qZSq 9B6=C *`V* 56B5;MD 57 1`qbE hb\ b\WnV\ *`ab,\ \-* `1jSb ,a1 ]`\O +W1Ym Wp/1yD Sada aV*4*WE hb\ ]\ ,a1Yd YS`d +d/1b ]`\]\,1/*Z* w+W*-*q ,1abn \ g*`ab,1xD L `\hSb*yb1 *be1q 68B58DM S \/Z\ ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\ Z1 Y\31b /*bn Z*Y b\E hb\ /*ab *`ab,\ \-* L a*W\Y 58:B7MD Sada ]\O ,1W1WE hb\+m Ym Y\WSWSan \ ]`Sf\/1 ob\-\ *`ab,*B

w dabn ]`S/1b b,\1 g*`ab,\D dabn b,\q ,\Wq +d/1b S Z* 41YW1E V*V Z* Z1+1x L *be1q :B5>MD S+WSS +mO W\ ]`1/aV*4*Z\E hb\ *`ab,\ \-* dab`*ZSb ,a1 ]`*,SO b1Wnab,*E * a*Y\ w+d/1b ab\qbn ,1hZ\x LË&#x2122;*ZSSW 6B88MD 58

b*VE V*V ]\O,*j1YdE Vb\ a\\b,1bab,d1b ,a1Y obSY ]`S4Z*V*YB Vb\ \aZ\,m,*1b a,\S dh1ZSq Z* S+WSSH b\ `*aaV*4m,*1b Wp/qY \+ SY1ZS \-*H V\Y Y\3O Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ \ZS ]\OZ*ab\qk1Yd Wp+qb /`d- /`dO -*H b\ ,1`SbE hb\ b\WnV\ h1`14 Sada* `Sab* Y\3Z\ ]\WdhSbn a]*a1ZS1H b\ Z1 dh*ab,d1b , ]\WSbSV1H b\ ]`\]\,1/d1bE hb\ b\WnV\ *`ab,\ \-* aY\31b `1jSbn ,a1 ]`\+W1Ym Wp/1yH 'b\ ,S/1b1WS 1-\,m L a*Sq 87B5>P56MD

Ë&#x161; %H 59

1/\ab*b\hZ\ ]`\ab\ ,1`SbnE hb\ \- 1abnD Ë&#x2122;*31 /1Y\Zm ,1`qb , ob\E Z\ \ZS Z1 aWdj*pbaq 1-\ L *V\,* 6B5=MD b\+m \-d Z`*,SW\an Z*j1 ]\VW\Z1ZS1E Ym /\WO 3Zm Z1 ]`\ab\ ,1`Sbn , b\E hb\ \Z adk1ab,d1bE Z\ S /1O

W*bn ,a1E \ h1Y \Z Z*a ]`\aSbD

57D h1Y ]`\]\,1/dpb SabSZZm1 aWd3Sb1WS \-*H 58D b\E ]\ ,*j1Yd YZ1ZSpE ]`*,SWnZ\ aWd3Sb \-dH 59D b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m \-d Z`*,SW\an Z*j1 ]\VW\Z1ZS1H

Ë&#x203A; & Ë&#x161; E

&

)Ë&#x161; ) H Ë&#x2021; \E ,\ hb\ \ZS ,1`qbE \aZ\,*Z\ Z* S+WSS Ë&#x2021; ZS ]\VW\Zqpbaq b\WnV\ 1-\,1 S `*aaV*4m,*pb \ 1-\ SY1ZS /`d-SY

Ë&#x2021; ZS Wp+qb /`d- /`d-* Ë&#x2021; ZS ,1`qbE hb\ \- ]\aW*W Sada* `Sab* Z* 41YWpE hb\+m a]*abS Z*a

Ë&#x2021; ZS Z1 dh*ab,dpb , ]\WSbSV1 Ë&#x2021; ZS ]`\]\,1/dpbE hb\ b\WnV\ *`ab,\ \-* Y\31b `1jSbn ,a1 ]`\+W1Ym Wp/1y

5:>

Ë&#x161; )H

5:

b\+m \- ]`SZSY*W Z*j1 ]\VW\Z1ZS1E d Z*a Z1 /\W3Z\ +mbn ZSh1-\ \+k1-\ a W\3Z\y `1WS-S1yD `\O `\V a*Sq Z*]Sa*WB w mf\/Sb1 \bbd/*DDD f`*ZSb1 a1+q hSabmYSx L a*Sq 96B55C 6 \`SZeqZ*Y :B5;MD \b ]\h1Yd Ym /\W3Zm \bV*4*bnaq \b ,a1-\E hb\ V*VOb\ a,q4*Z\ a W\3Z\y `1WS-S1yD 5; *Vdp `1WS-Sp Y\3Z\ Z*4,*bn W\3Z\yH dE , V\b\O `\y dh*b ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-d Z1 b*VE V*V Z*]Sa*Z\ , 1-\ W\,1D S+WSq Z*4m,*1b ,a1 W\3Zm1 `1WS-SS w *,SW\O Z\Y 1WSVSYx L bV`\,1ZS1 5;B9MD \h1YdH \ ,`1Y1Z* ]\aW1 ]\b\]* , -\`\/1 *,SW\Z1 ]\q,SW\an \h1Zn YZ\O -\ Z1]`*,SWnZmf dh1ZSyE V\b\`m1 `*a]`\ab`*ZSWSan ]\ ,a1y 41YW1 S ab*WS dh1ZSqYS W\3Zmf `1WS-SyD *]`SY1`E Wp/SE 3S,jS1 , *,SW\Z1E ]\VW\ZqWSan +\O

-*YE \+l1/SZ1ZZmY , -`d]]m ]\ b`\1D 1-\/Zq b\31 ,\ YZ\-Sf `1WS-Sqf Wp/S ahSb*pbE hb\ \- P `\Sg*D \ , S+WSS qaZ\ aV*4*Z\E hb\ 1abn b\WnV\ \/SZ \- P 1-\O ,*E * Sada `Sab\a P ob\ 1-\ mZ L \*ZZ* 5;B7MD *V31 3Sb1WS *,SW\Z* ,1`SWSE hb\ d h1W\,1V* 1abn /dj*E V\O b\`*q ]\aW1 1-\ aY1`bS ]`\/\W3*1b 3Sbn S Y\31b ]\O ]*abn , */D \ ob\ Z1]`*,/*D L Y\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZSq 58E 5; S 5<DM 5<

\- ]\\+1k*WE hb\ ,aV\`1 ,a1 W\3Zm1 `1WS-SS +d/db dZShb\31Zm L bV`\,1ZS1 5<B<MD \ob\Yd Zd3Z\ Z1Y1/W1ZZ\ ,mybS S4 W\3Z\y `1WS-SSD 1-\,* f\h1bE

hb\+m ,m a/1W*WS ob\E ]\V* 1k1 Z1 ]\4/Z\ L bV`\,1O ZS1 5<B8MD 5=

Ë&#x161;aWS ,m `1jSb1 dybS S4 W\3Z\y `1WS-SS S Z*O

5:D \h1Yd d Z*a Z1 /\W3Z\ +mbn ZSh1-\ \+k1-\ a W\3Z\y `1WS-S1yH 5;E 5<D b\ b*V\1 w *,SW\Z 1WSVSyx S ]\h1Yd ,*3Z\ Z1Y1/W1ZZ\ ,mybS S4 Z1-\H 5=D *V 1-\,* +d/1b 4*+\bSbnaq \ ,*aE 1aWS ,m `1jSb1 1Yd aWd3SbnH

5:5

& ) & ) H

h*bn ]\VW\Zqbnaq 1-\,1E Vb\Ob\ S4 ,*jSf /`d41y SWS `\/Zmf Y\31b ,*a Z1 ]\Zqbn SE ,\4Y\3Z\E /*31 ab*Z1b ]`\bS,\/1yab,\,*bn ,*YD \ 1-\,* Z1 +`\aSb ,*aD *O h*, aWd3Sbn \-dE ,m ab*Z1b1 h*abnp a1YnSE a\ab\qk1y

S4 YSWWS\Z\, Wp+qkSf /`d- /`d-* +`*bn1, S a1ab1` a*O Ymf `*4Zmf Z*gS\Z*WnZ\ab1yD *V31 d ,*a ]\q,Sbaq Z*/13/* 3Sbn ,1hZ\ , Z\,\Y YS`1E V\b\`my \+1k*1b \- L *`V* 5>B6<P7>MD ,]\WZ1 ,\4Y\3Z\E Vb\Ob\ S4 ,*O jSf +WS4VSfE Vb\ aZ*h*W* +mW ]`\bS, ,*j1-\ `1j1ZSq aWd3Sbn 1-\,1E a\ ,`1Y1Z1Y 4*f\h1b S4dh*bn S+WSpD

6> h1Zn aV\`\ \- d+1`1b a 41YWS ,a1 4W\E S 1-\ *`O

ab,\ Z*hZ1b ]`*,Sbn L6 1b`* 7B=E 57MD m a Z1b1`]1ZSO

1Y 3/1Y ob\-\ ,`1Y1ZSE ,1/n b\-/* ,a1 Wp/S +d/db ]`*O ,SWnZ\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq 1-\,1 P b*VE V*V ob\-\ f\h1b \ZD *hZSb1 aWd3Sbn 1-\,1 d31 a1yh*aD 6>D \h1Yd ,*3Z\ Z*h*bn aWd3Sbn 1-\,1 d31 a1yh*aH

*h*, aWd3Sbn 1-\,1E ,m ab*Z1b1 h*abnp +\Wnj\y S /`d3Z\y a1YnS

Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; &

( Ë&#x161; ( w 4VS ,\`\b* S b1aZ* /\`\-*E ,1/dk*q V 3S4ZSE

S Z1YZ\-S1 Z*f\/qb 11x L *be1q ;B58MD

bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ Z1 ,a1 `1WS-SS ,1/db V \-dH *be1q ;B65P67 \-d d-\/Zm Z1 ,a1 `1WS-SSE ]\b\Yd hb\ Z1 ,a1 \ZS Sa]\WO Zqpb 1-\ ,\WpD *be1q ;B57E 58

abSZZ*q `1WS-Sq ,1/1b V ,1hZ\y 3S4ZSE * W\3Z*q P V dZShb\31ZSpD

*be1q ;B5:E 5; ]`1/1WSbn b1fE Vb\ ]`*,SWnO Z\ ]\VW\Zq1baq \-dE Y\3Z\ ]\ Sf /1W*YD 1 Zd3Z\ SaaW1O /\,*bn ,a1 `1WS-SSE /\ab*O b\hZ\ ]`\ab\ d4Z*bnE h1Yd dhSb S+WSqD

&

) & ) H

5 1aa*W\ZSVSyg*Y 6B57C 6 SY\e1p 7B5:E 5; 1`Sbn b\WnV\ , b1 dh1ZSqE V\b\`m1 \aZ\,*Zm Z* S+WSSE S `*aaV*4m,*bn \ ZSf /`d-SYD *be1q 8B5>C \*ZZ* 5;B: \VW\Zqbnaq 1-\,1 S Z*4mO ,*bn 1-\ ]\ SY1ZSD

\*ZZ* 57B79 \OZ*ab\qk1Yd Wp+Sbn /`d/`d-*D

\*ZZ* 7B7:C Ë&#x2122;1qZSq 8B56 Wdj*bnaq Sada* `Sab*D ]*a1ZS1 ,\4Y\3Z\ b\WnV\ h1`14 Sada*D

\*ZZ* 5<B7:C Ë&#x2122;1qZSq 9B6= 1 dh*ab,\,*bn , ]\WSbSV1D *be1q 68B58C :B5> `\]\,1/\,*bn \ b\YE hb\ b\WnV\ *`ab,\ \-* aY\31b `1jSbn ,a1 ]`\+W1YmD

5:7

˚ ˙ ˝ ˝˙ & ˙˚

b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m \-d Z`*,SW\an Z*j1 ]\VW\Z1ZS1H

*V\,* 6B5= 1/\ab*b\hZ\ ]`\ab\ ,1`Sbn , \-*D d3Z\ /1W*bn b\E hb\ \Z -\,\`Sb Z*Y h1`14 S+WSpD

a*Sq 96B55C bV`\,1ZS1 5;B9 \3Zm1 `1WS-SSE SWS w *,SO W\Z 1WSVSyxE dh*b Wp/1y ]\O VW\Zqbnaq \-d b*VE V*V 1Yd Z1 Z`*,SbaqD 1V\b\`m1 W\3O Zm1 dh1ZSqB dh1ZS1 \ `\Sg1E \ +1aaY1`bSS /djS S \+ \-O Z1ZZ\Y */1D

bV`\,1ZS1 5<B8E < V\`\ 1-\,* dZShb\3Sb ,a1 W\3Zm1 `1WS-SSD m /\W3Zm \bV*4*bnaq \b ,a1-\E hb\ a,qO 4*Z\ a ZSYSD *`V* 5>B6<P7> \4Y\3Z\E Vb\Ob\ +d/1b ]`\O bS, ,*j1-\ `1j1ZSq aWd3Sbn 1-\,1E Z\ 1-\,* ,*a Z1 +`\aSbD

5:

)• ˚ & E ˚ ˙

˛ ) S+WSpE ,m d4Z*WSE hb\ dh1ZSq S /1W* YZ\O -Sf Wp/1yE Z*4m,*pkSf a1+q ,1`dpkSYSE Z1d-\/Zm \O -d L6 \`SZeqZ*Y :B5;MD 1-\,* -\,\`Sb Z*YE hb\ Zd3Z\ dybS S4 W\3Z\y `1WS-SSE w *,SW\Z* 1WSV\-\x L bV`\O ,1ZS1 5<B6E 8MD *V ]\abd]Sb1 ,mH *3/\Yd S4 Z*a Zd3O Z\ 4*/*bn a1+1 b*V\y ,\]`\aB w *V q f\hd ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-dB b*VE V*V \Z ob\-\ f\h1bE SWS b*VE V*V q ]`S,mVHx 6

˚aWS ,m d31 djWS S4 W\3Z\y `1WS-SSE ob\ f\`\j\D

/Z*V\ , -Wd+SZ1 /djS ,*YE ,\4Y\3Z\E ,a1 1k1 Z`*,qbO aq V*VS1Ob\ S4 \+mh*1,E a,q4*ZZmf a W\3Z\y `1WS-S1yD

˙*,*yb1 \+ad/SY Z1V\b\`m1 `*a]`\ab`*Z1ZZm1 \+mh*S S d4Z*1YE ]\h1Yd V ZSY ,*3Z\ \bZ\aSbnaq b*V 31E V*V V ZSY \bZ\aSbaq \-D

˚ ˚ ˛ ˝˚ )

˚ ˚˙

7 1V\b\`m1 Wp/S -\/*YS ]\VW\Zqpbaq \-dE Sa]\WnO 4dq S4\+`*31ZSqE ab*bdobVS SWS /\Y*jZS1 *Wb*`SD \4O Y\3Z\E ,m b\31 ]`S,mVWS b*V /1W*bnE S ]\VW\Z1ZS1 \O -d +14 obSf ]`1/Y1b\, ,*Y Y\31b ]\V*4*bnaq ab`*ZZmY SWS /*31 Z1]`*,SWnZmYD \ Z1 4*+m,*yb1E hb\ b\WnV\ \- Y\31b `1j*bnE V*V Zd3Z\ 1Yd ]\VW\ZqbnaqD S+O WSS qaZ\ -\,\`SbaqE hb\ 1-\,* Z1 f\h1bE hb\+m Ym ]\O VW\ZqWSan 1YdE Sa]\Wn4dq SV\ZmE ab*bdobVS S b\Yd

5E 6D *V\y ,\]`\a Zd3Z\ 4*/*bn a1+1 S ]\h1YdH 7D *M \h1Yd V\YdOb\ Y\31b +mbn b`d/Z\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-d +14 S4\O +`*31ZSyH +M b\ \+ Sf Sa]\Wn4\,*ZSS -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSSH

)• ˚ &

E

˚ ˙

5:9

]\/\+Z\1D L `\hSb*yb1 af\/ 6>B8E 9C a*W\Y 559B8P<C

a*Sq 86B<C 5 \*ZZ* 9B65DM 8

1V\b\`m1 Wp/S b`*bqb YZ\-\ ,`1Y1ZS S aSW Z* b\E hb\+m d-\/Sbn dY1`jSY `\/ab,1ZZSV*YD \4Y\3Z\E \ZS

SY /*31 ]\VW\ZqpbaqD \E V*V Ym d31 d4Z*WSE Y1`b,m1 Z1 Y\-db ZS ]\Y\hnE ZS Z*,`1/Sbn Z*YD ZS Z1 ]`\/\WO

3*pb 3Sbn -/1Ob\ 1k1D p+m1 ]\]mbVS a,q4*bnaq a ZSO

YS \h1Zn \]*aZmE ]\b\Yd hb\ ,a1 w]\aW*ZSqx \b Y1`b,mf Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 Saf\/qb \b /1Y\Z\,D \b ]\h1Yd 1-\,*

]\,1W1W S4`*SWnbqZ*Y Z1 ]mb*bnaq \+k*bnaq a Y1`b,mO YSD ZS /\W3Zm +mWS S4+1-*bn Wp+mf e\`Y /1Y\ZS4Y* L b\`\4*V\ZS1 5<B5>P56C aY\b`Sb1 `SW\31ZSq 6: S 75MD 9 b*VE ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-dE Sa]\Wn4dq S4\+`*31ZSqE * b*V31 ]\hSb*bn ]`1/V\, P Z1]`*,SWnZ\D \ V*V ]1`1O ab*bn ob\ /1W*bnH Sb*yb1 S+WSp S `*4YmjWqyb1 \ b\YE V*V 1-\,* \bZ\aSbaq V b*V\Yd ]\VW\Z1ZSpD Z ahSb*1b 1-\ Y1`4VSYE SWS \b,`*bSb1WnZmY L b\`\4*V\ZS1 6;B59MD *3/my /1Zn Y\WSb1an 1-\,1E hb\+m \Z ]\Y\- ,*Y aY\b`1bn Z* b*V\1 ]\VW\Z1ZS1 1-\ -W*4*YSD `\aSb1E hb\+m \Z ]\Y\- ,*Y aWd3Sbn 1Yd b*VE V*V \Z ob\-\ f\h1b L a*Sq 99B=MD 1-\,* \+q4*b1WnZ\ /*ab ,*Y aSW S4+*,SbnO aq \b ,a1-\E hb\ a,q4*Z\ a W\3ZmY ]\VW\Z1ZS1YD

&

˛˙ & ˝˙˚ H :

/SZ S4 a*Ymf ]\]dWq`Zmf ]`*4/ZSV\, , YS`1 P ob\ \3/1ab,\D ob\b /1Zn Wp/S \bY1h*pb /1Zn `\3/1ZSq

Sada* `Sab*D ˛Z*WS WS ,mE hb\ \3/1ab,\ a,q4*Z\ a 8D *M \h1Yd Z1 aW1/d1b ]\VW\Zqbnaq ]`1/V*YH +M \h1Yd 1-\,* 4*O

]`1bSW S4`*SWnbqZ*Y \+k*bnaq a Y1`b,mYSH 9D b\ ]\Y\31b ,*Y ]1`1ab*bn ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-d a ]\Y\knp S4\+`*O 31ZSy S ]\hSb*bn dY1`jSf `\/ab,1ZZSV\,H :D \h1Yd /1Zn `\3/1ZSq Sada* `Sab* ab*WS ]`*4/Z\,*bn 69 /1V*O +`qH

5::

Ë&#x161; )H

W\3Z\y `1WS-S1yH \/Z\y oZgSVW\]1/SS \+lqaZq1baqE hb\ 69 /1V*+`q q4mhZSVSE 3S,jS1 , SYaV\y SY]1`SSE \bY1h*WS /1Zn `\3/1ZSq a\WZg*D \aV\WnVd a,qk1ZZSO VS f\b1WSE hb\+m q4mhZSVS ]`SZqWS f`SabS*Zab,\E \ZS

a/1W*WS ob\b /1Zn /Z1Y `\3/1ZSq Sada* `Sab*D \ Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 \Z Z1 `\/SWaq , ob\b /1Zn1 L dVS 6B<P56MD

1`,m1 dh1ZSVS Sada* Z1 ]`*4/Z\,*WS \3/1ab,\D \/Z\y VZS-1 -\,\`SbaqE hb\ , ]1`,m1 /,* ,1V* ]\aW1 `\3/1ZSq `Sab* wY*W\ V\-\ ,\WZ\,*W* b\hZ*q /*b* 1-\ `\3/1ZSqC Wp/qY \Z* +mW* Z1S4,1abZ*x LSacred Origins of Profound ThingsMD \3/1ab,\ ab*WS ]`*4/Z\,*bn b\WnO V\ h1`14 Z1aV\WnV\ a\b1Z W1b ]\aW1 aY1`bS Sada*D ;

Z\-S1 Wp/S 4Z*pb \ b\YE hb\ `\3/1ab,1ZaVS1 b`*O /SgSSE b*VS1 V*V /*`1ZS1 ]\/*`V\, SWS ]`*4/ZShZ\1 4*O ab\Wn1E ]`SjWS S4 q4mh1ab,*2D \ ob\y ]`ShSZ1 , ZO -WSS S , Z1V\b\`mf h*abqf Y1`SVS V\-/*Ob\ +mW\ 4*]`1k1Z\ ]`*4/Z\,*bn \3/1ab,\D 1fE Vb\ 1-\ \bY1O h*WE jb`*e\,*WSD \ ]\4/Z11 Wp/S ,Z\,n ab*WS \bY1O h*bn ob\b ]`*4/ZSVD abSZZm1 f`SabS*Z1 Z1 ]`*4/Zdpb \3/1ab,\E ]\b\Yd hb\ f\bqb aWdj*bnaq \-*D

&

Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; & Ë?Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x161;k1 \/SZ ,a1YS Wp+SYmy ]`*4/ZSV P /1Zn `\3O /1ZSqD \3Z\ WS f`SabS*Z*Y \bY1h*bn ob\b ]`*4/ZSVH S+WSS `*aaV*4m,*1baq \ Z1V\b\`mf Wp/qfE V\b\`m1 ]`*4/Z\,*WS /ZS `\3/1ZSqD \ \ZS Z1 +mWS aWd3Sb1WqO <

1 \aaSS S Z1V\b\`mf /`d-Sf ab`*Z*f \3/1ab,\ \bY1h*1baq ; qZ,*`qD 2 \aaSS S , /`d-Sf ab`*Z*f Z1V\b\`m1 `\3/1ab,1ZaVS1 b`*O

/SgSSE b*VS1 V*V /*`1ZS1 ]\/*`V\, SWS \+mh*y Z*`q3*bn 1WVdE ab*WS a\+Wp/*bn V*V Z\,\-\/ZS1D

;D \h1Yd SabSZZm1 f`SabS*Z1 Z1 ]`*4/Zdpb \3/1ab,\H <E =D \h1Yd ]1`,m1 f`SabS*Z1 Z1 ]`*4/Z\,*WS /ZS `\3/1ZSqH

)• ˚ &

E

˚ ˙

5:;

YS \-* L mbS1 8>B6>C *`V* :B65MD * b*VSf ]`*4/ZSV*f Wp/S ]`\aW*,WqWS W\3Zmf +\-\,D \ob\YdE V*V -\,\`SbO aq , \/Z\y oZgSVW\]1/SSE ]1`,m1 f`SabS*Z1 wahSb*WS Wp+\1 ]`*4/Z\,*ZS1 /Zq `\3/1ZSq q4mh1aVSY \+mh*O 1Yx LThe World Book EncyclopediaMD =

˙`1,ZS1 `SYWqZ1 S -`1VS ,1`SWSE hb\ ]`S `\3/1ZSS h1W\,1V* `q/\Y a ZSY ]`Sadbab,d1b /dfO]\V`\,Sb1WnE V\b\`my ]\b\Y ,ap 3S4Zn 1-\ \f`*Zq1bD \/Z\y VZSO -1 -\,\`SbaqB w hSb*W\anE hb\ ob\b /df a,q4*Z a +\31O ab,\YE , /1Zn `\3/1ZSq V\b\`\-\ `\/SWaq ob\b h1W\,1Vx LThe Lore of BirthdaysMD 5>

*V 1-\,* \bZ\aSbaq V ]`*4/ZSV*YE V\b\`m1 a,q4*O Zm a W\3Z\y `1WS-S1yH L a*Sq :9B55E 56MD Z Sf Z1 \/\+`qO 1bD \ob\Yd Ym Z1 ]`*4/Zd1Y ZS /ZS `\3/1ZSqE ZS /`dO -S1 ]`*4/ZSVSE a,q4*ZZm1 a W\3Z\y `1WS-S1yD

' ˝ H 55

1V\b\`m1 Wp/S 4Z*pbE hb\ \3/1ab,\ S /`d-S1 ]`*4/ZSVS ]`SjWS S4 W\3Z\-\ ]\VW\Z1ZSqD \ \ZS ]`\O /\W3*pb Sf ]`*4/Z\,*bnD ZS ahSb*pbE hb\ ]`*4/ZSVS

/*pb ,\4Y\3Z\abn ]`\,1abS ,`1Yq a a1Yn1yD hb\ /dY*O

1b1 ,mH 1a\YZ1ZZ\E ]`\,\/Sbn ,`1Yq a a1Yn1y \h1Zn ,*3Z\D *V a\4/*b1Wn a1YnSE 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m , a1O Ynqf +mWS f\`\jS1 \bZ\j1ZSq L'e1aqZ*Y 7B58E 59MD \O Z1hZ\E 1aWS Ym a\-W*aSYaq \bY1bSbn a `\/ab,1ZZSV*YS V*V\yOb\ ]`*4/ZSVE a,q4*ZZmy a W\3Z\y `1WS-S1yE Ym a/1W*1Y SY ]`SqbZ\D \ /Wq Z*a ,*3Z11 a\f`*ZSbn f\`\O jS1 \bZ\j1ZSq a 1-\,\yD ]\ab\W *,1W aV*4*WB w 1O ]`1ab*ZZ\ d/\ab\,1`qyb1an , b\YE hb\ d-\/Z\ \a]\/dx L'e1aqZ*Y 9B5>MD 5>D \h1Yd f`SabS*Z1 Z1 /\W3Zm ]`*4/Z\,*bn /ZS `\3/1ZSqH 55D \h1Yd Wp/qY Z`*,Sbaq ]`*4/Z\,*bn ]`*4/ZSVSH b\ /\W3Z\ +mbn a*YmY ,*3ZmY /Wq Z*aH

5:<

Ë&#x161; )H

56

Z\-S1 Wp/S ahSb*pbE hb\ ]`\Saf\3/1ZS1 ]`*4O /ZSV\, Z1 SY11b 4Z*h1ZSqD \ 1-\,* b*V Z1 /dY*1bD Z Z1 \/\+`q1b ]`*4/ZSVSE a,q4*ZZm1 a W\3ZmY ]\VW\Z1O ZS1Y SWS ]`\aW*,WqpkS1 V\-\Ob\ S4 Wp/1yE * b*V31 ]*b`S\bSh1aVS1 ]`*4/ZSVSD \b ]`SY1`D 1-S]bqZ +mO W\ YZ\-\ ]`*4/ZSV\, , h1abn Sf W\3Zmf +\-\,D \-/* S4`*SWnbqZ1 ,mjWS S4 Ë&#x161;-S]b*E \ZS ab*WS ]`*4/Z\,*bn \/SZ S4 1-S]1baVSf ]`*4/ZSV\,D f\bq \ZS Z*4,*WS 1-\

w]`*4/ZSV\YE ]\a,qk1ZZmY 1-\,1xE 1-\,* Z*V*4*W Sf 4* 1-\ ]`*4/Z\,*ZS1 L af\/ 76B6P5>MD S+WSq ]`S4m,*O 1b Z*aB w 1 ]`SV*a*yb1an V Z1hSab\YdxD L `\hSb*yb1 a*SS 96B55DM

% â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;

57

Ë&#x161;aWS ,m `1jSWS Z1 ]`*4/Z\,*bn ]`*4/ZSVSE ,\4Y\3O

Z\E ,*a ,a1 31 ,\WZd1bB w b\ q aV*3d a\b`d/ZSV*YE 1aWS \ZS a]`\aqb Y1ZqE ]\h1Yd q Z1 f\hd ]`*4/Z\,*bn a ZSYS b\b SWS SZ\y ]`*4/ZSVH `SZSY*bn WS ]\/*`VS Z* ]`*4O /ZSVH *V ]\abd]SbnE 1aWS Yd3 SWS 31Z* ]`\aSbE hb\+m q \bY1bSW ]`*4/ZSV ,Y1ab1 a ZSYSH b\ /1W*bnE hb\+m /1bS Z1 `*aab`*S,*WSan S4O4* b\-\E hb\ Ym Z1 +d/1Y ]`*4O /Z\,*bn Sf /1Zn `\3/1ZSq SWS /`d-\y ]`*4/ZSVHx 58

Sbd*gSS +m,*pb `*4ZmYSD \ob\Yd V*3/my `*4 ab\Sb f\`\j\ ]\/dY*bn \ b\YE hb\ aV*4*bn S V*V ]\abdO ]SbnD *]`SY1`E 1aWS Vb\Ob\ ]\4/`*,Wq1b ,*a a ]`*4/ZSO V\YE ,m Y\31b1 ]`\ab\ ]\+W*-\/*`Sbn ob\-\ h1W\,1V*D \ 1aWS \Z SWS \Z* f\h1b d4Z*bnE ]\h1Yd ,m Z1 \bY1h*1O b1 ob\b ]`*4/ZSVE Y\3Z\ ]\/`\+Z11 `*aaV*4*bn \ a,\Sf 56D *VS1 ]`*4/ZSVS 1-\,* Z1 \/\+`q1bH 57D *VS1 ,\]`\am Y\-db d ,*a ,\4ZSVZdbnE 1aWS ,m `1jSWS Z1 ]`*4O /Z\,*bn ]`*4/ZSVSH 58E 59D b\ /1W*bnE 1aWS ,*a ]\4/`*,Wqpb a ]`*4/ZSV\Y SWS /*`qb ]\/*`\VH

)â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; &

E

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;

5:=

d+13/1ZSqfD a1-/* -\,\`Sb1 ]\O/\+`\Yd S dhSbm,*yO b1 hd,ab,* a\+1a1/ZSV*D S+WSq a\,1bd1bB w dabn ,*j* `1hn ,a1-/* +d/1b Wp+14Z\yE ]`S]`*,W1ZZ\y a\WnpE hb\O +m ,m 4Z*WSE V*V \b,1h*bn V*3/\Ydx L \W\aaqZ*Y 8B:MD *]`SY1`E Y\3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ ,*Y Z`*,Sbaq \+k*bnaq a /`d4nqYS S /*`Sbn ]\/*`VSE Z\ ,*Y Z1 f\b1W\an +m /1O W*bn ob\ , a,q4S a obSY ]`*4/ZSV\YD 59

hb\E 1aWS ,*Y /*`qb ]\/*`\VH S+WSS Z1b V\ZO

V`1bZmf ]`*,SW Z* ob\b ah1bE Z\ , Z1y -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Z*O j* a\,1abn /\W3Z* \ab*,*bnaq hSab\y L5 SY\e1p 5B5<E 5=MD \4Y\3Z\E h1W\,1VE V\b\`my /*`Sb ,*Y ]\/*`\VE ZSO h1-\ Z1 4Z*1b \ ,*j1y ]\4SgSSD WS Z*\+\`\bE 4Z*1bE Z\

,a1 31 -\,\`SbB w \bq bm Z1 \bY1h*1jn ob\b ]`*4/ZSVE q f\hd a/1W*bn b1+1 ]\/*`\VxD , b\YE S , /`d-\Y aWdh*1E ]`SZSY*bn ]\/*`\V SWS Z1bE `1j*bn ,*YD W*,Z\1 P Z1 S/bS ]`\bS, a\,1abSD m +m Z1 f\b1WS /1W*bn b\E hb\ SaO ]\`bSb Z*jS \bZ\j1ZSq a 1-\,\yD

Ë&#x203A;Ë&#x2122;

Ë&#x161; &) 5:

*V ]\abd]SbnE 1aWS ,*j* a1Ynq f\h1b \bY1bSbn V*O V\yOZS+d/n ]`*4/ZSVH 1 Zd3Z\ a]\`Sbn P ]\YZSb1E hb\ d V*3/\-\ 1abn ]`*,\ ]`SZSY*bn a\+ab,1ZZm1 `1j1O

ZSqD 1 Z*ab*S,*yb1 Z* a,\1YE d,*3*yb1 `1j1ZSq `\/O ZmfD 1/n ,m f\bSb1E hb\+m ,*jS `1j1ZSq b\31 d,*3*O WSD L `\hSb*yb1 *be1q ;B56DM hb\E 1aWS ,*j* a1Ynq f\h1bE hb\+m ,m +mWS a ZSYS ,\ ,`1Yq ]`*4/ZSV*H ]1`O ,dp \h1`1/n ]\Y\WSb1an 1-\,1D \]`\aSb1 1-\ ]\O Y\hn ,*Y ]`SZqbn ]`*,SWnZ\1 `1j1ZS1D \ab*`*yb1an d4Z*bn +\Wnj1 \+ ob\Y ]`*4/ZSV1 S \ b\YE V*V 1-\ +d/db \bY1h*bnD `SZSY*q `1j1ZS1E ]\YZSb1E hb\ -W*,Z\1 P Z1 \-\`hSbn 1-\,dD 5:D *V ]\abd]SbnE 1aWS ,*j* a1Ynq f\h1b \bY1bSbn V*V\yOZS+d/n ]`*4/ZSVH

5;>

Ë&#x161; )H

5;

b\ Y\3Z\ a/1W*bnE hb\+m ,*jS /1bS Z1 `*aab`*SO ,*WSanE S4O4* b\-\ hb\ Z1 \bY1h*pb ]`*4/ZSVSE V*V ,a1H `1Yq \b ,`1Y1ZS ,m Y\31b1 \`-*ZS4\,m,*bn /Wq ZSf

,1a1Wm1 /`d31aVS1 ,ab`1hSD m Y\31b1 /1W*bn SY Z1O \3S/*ZZm1 ]\/*`VSD /SZ S4 a*Ymf WdhjSf ]\/*`V\, P ob\ ,*jS ,`1Yq S Wp+\,nD

)â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; &

&

5<

b\+m `*/\,*bn 1-\,dE Zd3Z\ dybS S4 W\3Z\y `1O WS-SS S ]1`1ab*bn a\+Wp/*bn \+mh*S S ]`*4/ZSVSE a,qO 4*ZZm1 a Z1yD \ ob\-\ Z1/\ab*b\hZ\ P Zd3Z\ Z*h*bn ]`*,SWnZ\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-dD *VH *]`SY1`E `1-dWq`Z\ f\/Sbn Z* f`SabS*ZaVS1 ,ab`1hSD L `\hSb*yb1 Ë&#x161;,`1qY 5>B68E 69DM ab`1hS a\+`*ZSq P ob\ \h1Zn ,*3Z*q h*abn ]\VW\Z1ZSq \-d L a*W\Y 66B66C 566B5MD `\Y1 b\-\E Z* b*O VSf ,ab`1h*f Ym Y\31Y \+\/`qbn /`d- /`d-* L SYWqZ*Y 5B56MD 5= *V31 Z1\+f\/SY\ `*aaV*4m,*bn /`d-SY \ b\YE hb\â&#x20AC;¹

,m d4Z*1b1 S4 S+WSSD Z\-S1 Wp/S aSWnZ\ \+1a]\V\1O Zm b1YE hb\ , YS`1 ab\WnV\ 4W* L 141VSSWn =B8MD *,1`ZqO V*E b*VS1 hd,ab,* Sa]mbm,*1b S Vb\Ob\ S4 ,*jSf 4Z*V\O YmfD *aaV*3Sb1 SY \ ]`1V`*aZ\y Z*/13/1 Z* +d/dk11D

\a1k*q f`SabS*ZaVS1 ,ab`1hS S /1Wqan a /`d-SYS b1YE

hb\ ,m d4Z*1b1 S4 S+WSSE ,m a\ ,`1Y1Z1Y ]\yY1b1E hb\ +\Wnj1 Z1 f\bSb1 SY1bn ZSh1-\ \+k1-\ a W\3Z\y `1WSO -S1yD 1 a\YZ1,*yb1anB 1aWS ,m +d/1b1 ]\VW\Zqbnaq 1O -\,1 ]`*,SWnZ\E ,m ]\WdhSb1 YZ\-\ `*/\abS S +W*-\aW\O ,1ZSy \b 1-\,mI L *W*fSq 7B5>MD 5;D b\ Y\3Z\ a/1W*bnE hb\+m ,*jS /1bS Z1 `*aab`*S,*WSanE S4O4* b\-\ hb\ Z1 \bY1h*pb Z1V\b\`m1 ]`*4/ZSVSH 5<D \h1Yd ,*3Z\ ]\a1k*bn f`SabS*ZaVS1 ,ab`1hSH â&#x20AC;¹

5=D \h1Yd ,*3Z\ `*aaV*4m,*bn /`d-SY \ b\YE hb\ ,m d4Z*1b1 S4 S+O WSSH

Wd3Sb1WS 1-\,m P ah*abWS,m1 Wp/S

%•˙ ˚ ˛ ˝ • ˚ w ]\b\Yd ,my/Sb1 S4 Sf a`1/m S \b/1WSb1anDDD S +\Wnj1 Z1 ]`SV*a*yb1an V Z1hSab\Ydx L6 \`SZeqZ*Y :B5;MD

\h1Yd Z1]`*,SWnZ\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq \-dE Sa]\Wn4dq S4\+`*31ZSqH \h1Yd Z1]`*,SWnZ\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq dY1`jSY ]`1/V*YH

af\/ 6>B8E 9C 5 \*ZZ* 9B65 1-\,1 Z1 Z`*,SbaqE V\-/* WpO /S ]\VW\Zqpbaq 1YdE Sa]\Wn4dq S4\+`*31ZSq SWS b\Yd ]\/\+O Z\1D

b\`\4*V\ZS1 5<B5>P56

+k1ZS1 a Y1`b,mYS P ob\ Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 \+k1ZS1 a /1Y\O Z*YSD

˚ ˚ ˛˙

˙ % w 1]`1ab*ZZ\ d/\ab\,1`qyb1an , b\YE hb\ d-\/Z\ \a]\/dx L'e1aqZ*Y 9B5>MD

b\ ]\Y\31b ,*Y ]`SZqbn `1j1ZS1E \bY1h*bn V*V\yOb\ ]`*4/ZSV SWS Z1bH

141VSSWn 88B67C 6 \`SZeqZ*Y :B58E 59

mqaZSb1E Z1 ]`Sj1W WS ob\b ]`*4/ZSV S4 q4mh1ab,*D

af\/ 76B6P5> ˙*31 1aWS Y\bS,m Wp/1yE V\b\O `m1 ]`*4/Zdpb ob\b ]`*4/ZSVE f\`\jS1E ob\ Z1 ,a1-/* \4Z*h*O 1bE hb\ \- 1-\ \/\+`q1bD

˙*ZSSW 7B5P6; 1 \bY1h*yb1 ]`*4/ZSVSE ]`\O aW*,WqpkS1 V*V\-\Ob\ h1W\,1O V*E \+k1ab,1ZZdp \`-*ZS4*gSp SWS -\ad/*`ab,1ZZmy aSY,\WD 5 SY\e1p 5B5<E 5= b*`*yb1an a\f`*Zqbn a\,1abn hSab\y S ]\abd]*yb1 +W*-\`*O 4dYZ\D

5;7

$) )) ˚˝˙˚ ) ˙ E % • ˚

w dabn ,*j* `1hn ,a1-/* +d/1b Wp+14Z\yE ]`S]`*,W1ZZ\y a\WnpE hb\+m ,m 4Z*WSE V*V \b,1h*bn V*3/\Ydx L \W\aaqZ*Y 8B:MD

*V ,1abS a1+qE V\-/* \+lqaZq1jn a,\S d+13/1ZSq /`d-SYH *be1q ;B56 ,*3*yb1 `1j1ZSq /`d-SfE ,1/n ,m f\bSb1E hb\+m \ZS d,*3*WS ,*jS `1j1ZSqD

5 1b`* 7B59 \,\`Sb1 ]\O/\+`\Yd S ]`\q,O Wqyb1 d,*31ZS1E V\-/* \bab*SO ,*1b1 a,\S d+13/1ZSqD

6 SY\e1p 6B68

\-/* -\,\`Sb1 a V1YOb\ \ a,\O Sf d+13/1ZSqfE Z1 a]\`nb1D d/nb1 b*VbShZmYSD

˚,`1qY 5>B68E 69 * ,ab`1h*f a\+`*ZSq ,m ]\O ‹ WdhSb1 ]\//1`3Vd S Z*dhSb1an ]`*,SWnZ\ \+lqaZqbn a,\S d+13/1ZSqD

5;

˝

& ) H " ]W*Z1b* Z* e\Z1 \-`\YZ\y a1W1ZZ\y V*31bO

aq a\,a1Y Y*W1ZnV\yD Wp/S Z* Z1y P 1k1 Y1Znj1D S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ /Wq 1-\,m g1Wm1 Z*`\/mE V*V \/Z* V`\j1hZ*q V*]Wq ,\/m L a*W\Y 559B59C a*Sq 8>B59MD b1Y Z1 Y1Z11 , a*WY1 589B5<E 5= aV*4*Z\B w 1O -\,* +WS4\V V\ ,a1Y ]`S4m,*pkSY 1-\E V\ ,a1Y ]`SO 4m,*pkSY 1-\ , SabSZ1D Z Sa]\WZSb 31W*ZS1 +\qO

kSfaq 1-\E daWmjSb Sf V`SV \ ]\Y\kS S a]*a1b SfxD *V 31 4*Y1h*b1WnZ\E hb\ \- ]\4,\WSW Z*Y Y\WSbnaq 1YdI 1-\,*E \4/*b1Wn a1W1ZZ\yE f\h1b +mbn `q/\Y a Z*YSD Z -\b\, aWdj*bn Z*jS Y\WSb,mD \WSb,* P ob\ 1-\ \a\+my ]\/*`\V V*3/\Yd S4 Z*aD 6 /Z*V\ 1-\,* +d/1b aWdj*bn Z*aE b\WnV\ 1aWS Ym Y\WSYaq 1Yd b*VE V*V \Z ob\-\ f\h1bD \ob\Yd /*,*yb1 ‹ d4Z*1YE hb\ \ Y\WSb,1 -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSSD

˚ ˝

& ) ˚ ˚H 7

1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m Ym -\,\`SWS a ZSYD bVd/* Ym ob\ 4Z*1YH \3*Wdyab*E ]`\hSb*yb1 SWS]]SyO g*Y 8B:E ;D \WnV\ ]`1/ab*,nb1B W*/mV* a1W1ZZ\y -Wd+\V\ SZb1`1ad1baq WShZ\ ,*YS S f\h1bE hb\+m ,m `*aaV*4m,*WS 1Yd \ a,\Sf hd,ab,*f S ]`\+W1Y*fD 8 \WSb,* ]\Y\-*1b Z*Y ab*bn +WS4VSYS /`d4nqYS 5E 6D \h1Yd Y\3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ Y\WSb,* P ob\ \a\+1ZZmy ]\/*`\VH ‹ \h1Yd ,*3Z\ 4Z*bnE hb\ \ Y\WSb,1 -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSSH 7D \h1Yd Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaq \-dH 8D ˚aWS Ym +d/1Y h*ab\ Y\WSbnaq 1-\,1E V*V ob\ ]\,WSq1b Z* Z*jd /`d3+d a ZSYH

5;9

w \4/*b1Wn Z1+* S 41YWSx -\b\, aWdj*bn Z*jS Y\WSb,m L a*W\Y 559B59M

1-\,mD ˚aWS /`d4nq h*ab\ \+k*pbaq /`d- a /`d-\Y S /1Wqbaq a,\SYS YmaWqYSE hd,ab,*YS S ]1`13S,*ZSqO YSE Sf /`d3+* ab*Z\,Sbaq V`1]h1D 1`14 S+WSp 1O -\,* ]\/1WSWaq a ,*YS a,\SYS YmaWqYS S hd,ab,*YS S `*aaV*4*W \ b\YE hb\ a/1W*1b , +d/dk1YD m b\31 Y\31b1 ,a1-/* -\,\`Sbn 1Yd \ a,\Sf a*Ymf -Wd+\VSf hd,ab,*fD \-/* ,*j* /`d3+* a 1-\,\y +d/1b ab*Z\O ,Sbnaq V`1]h1 L *V\,* 8B<MD

˝ ˙˚ &E %

" H 9

Wdj*1b WS 1-\,* ,a1 Y\WSb,mH 1bD \ ,`1Y1O Z* ]`\`\V* a*SS 1-\,* aV*4*W S4`*SWnbqZ*YB w \bq ,m YZ\-\ Y\WSb1anE q Z1 aWdj*pD *jS `dVS ]\WZm V`\,Sx L a*Sq 5B59MD m Z1 /\W3Zm /1W*bn b\-\E hb\

1-\,* Z1Z*,S/Sb S hb\ \b/*WSW\ +m Z*a \b Z1-\D Z*O h1 \Z Y\31b ]1`1ab*bn aWdj*bn Z*jS Y\WSb,mD 9D bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ 1-\,* aWdj*1b Z1 ,a1 Y\WSb,mH

5;:

Ë&#x161; )H

:

Ë&#x161;aWS Ym f\bSYE hb\+m \- aWdj*W Z*jS Y\WSbO ,mE Zd3Z\ ,1`Sbn , Z1-\ L *`V* 55B68MD ]\ab\W *O ,1W \+lqaZSWB w 14 ,1`m d-\/Sbn \-d Z1,\4Y\3Z\E ]\b\Yd hb\ ]`S+WS3*pkSyaq V \-d /\W31Z ,1`SbnE hb\ \Z 1abn S hb\ \Z ,\4Z*-`*3/*1b b1fE Vb\ Z*O ab\yhS,\ Sk1b 1-\x LË&#x161;,`1qY 55B:MD 1/\ab*b\hZ\ ]`\O ab\ -\,\`SbnB w) ,1`pxE Zd3Z\ /\V*4m,*bn a,\p ,1`dD

*VH Wdj*qan \-* ,\ ,a1YD L `\hSb*yb1 *V\,* 6B6:DM ;

\WSbnaq Zd3Z\ a\ aV`\YZ\abnp S d,*31ZS1YD 1/n V g*`p SWS ]`14S/1Zbd Ym \+`*k*WSan +m SY1ZO Z\ b*VD 1-\,* P a1Y\-dkSy \-E ]\ob\Yd \Z 4*aWdO

3S,*1b 1k1 +\Wnj1-\ ]\hb1ZSq L mbS1 5;B5C a*W\Y 57<B:MD `\Y1 b\-\E , Y\WSb,1 ,*3Z\ +mbn SaV`1ZZSYE -\,\`Sbn \b a1`/g*D 1 Zd3Z\ ]\,b\`qbn \/ZS S b1 31

e`*4m ,a1 aZ\,* S aZ\,* L *be1q :B;E <MD

< Ë&#x161;aWS Ym \ h1YOb\ ]`\aSY \-*E ,*3Z\ hb\Ob\ /1O W*bn S a\ a,\1y ab\`\ZmD \- \3S/*1bE hb\ Ym +d/1Y S4\ ,a1f aSW ab*`*bnaq ]\abd]*bn , a\-W*aSS a b1YE \

h1Y ]\]`\aSWSD *]`SY1`E 1aWS Ym ]\Y\WSWSan 1-\O ,1 \ b\YE hb\+m \Z 4*+\bSWaq \ Z*jSf ]\,a1/Z1,Zmf ]\b`1+Z\abqfE Z1 ab\Sb /dY*bnE hb\ \Z +d/1b /1W*bn

,a1 4* Z*aD *Y Zd3Z\ S a*YSY da1`/Z\ b`d/Sbnaq S +`*bnaq 4* Wp+dp `*+\bd L *be1q :B55C 6 1aa*W\ZSO VSyg*Y 7B5>MD Y\31b +mbnE Ym +\`1Yaq a V*VSYOb\ SaO Vdj1ZS1Y S ]\]`\aSWS 1-\,d Z*a ]\//1`3*bnD \-/* :D *V Y\WSb,* a,q4*Z* a ,1`\yH b\ ]\V*31bE hb\ d Z*a 1abn ,1`*H ;D *M \h1Yd Y\WSbnaq Zd3Z\ a\ aV`\YZ\abnp S d,*31ZS1YH +M b\ 4Z*hSb Y\WSbnaq SaV`1ZZ\H

<D Ë&#x161;aWS Ym \ h1YOb\ ]`\aSY \-*E b\ hb\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bn a\ a,\1y ab\O `\ZmH

˝ & ) H

5;;

,*3Z\ S4+1-*bn aSbd*gSyE , V\b\`mf Z*Y b`d/Z\ +mO W\ +m ]`\bS,\ab\qbn ob\Yd SaVdj1ZSp L \W\aaqZ*Y 7B9MD 1]1`n /*,*yb1 \b,1bSY Z* Z1V\b\`m1 ,\]`\am \ Y\WSb,1D

%

˚ =

\Yd Ym /\W3Zm Y\WSbnaqH Sada `Sab\a dhSW a,\Sf dh1ZSV\, Y\WSbnaq w bgd Z* Z1+1a*fx L *be1q :B=MD *V31 \Z aV*4*WB w) P ]dbnE SabSZ* S 3S4ZnD SVb\ Z1 ]`Sf\/Sb V bgd SZ*h1E V*V b\WnV\ h1`14 Y1Zqx L \*ZZ* 58B:MD 4 ob\-\ Y\3Z\ a/1W*bn ,m,\/E hb\ Y\WSbnaq Zd3Z\ b\WnV\ 1-\,1 S h1`14

Sada* `Sab*D b\ \4Z*h*1b Y\WSbnaq h1`14 Sada* `Sab*H 'b\ \4Z*h*1b ]`S4Z*,*bn \a\+dp `\Wn SO

ada* , 4*YmaW1 1-\,mD Z ]`Sj1W Z* 41YWpE hb\+m \a,\+\/Sbn Z*a \b -`1f* S aY1`bS L \*ZZ* 7B5:C SYO WqZ*Y 9B56MD `\Y1 b\-\E \Z Z*4Z*h1Z 1-\,\y ]1`,\O

a,qk1ZZSV\Y S ad/n1y L \*ZZ* 9B66C ˚,`1qY :B6>MD 5>

*V Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaqH S+WSq Z1 -\,\`SbE hb\ Zd3Z\ \+q4*b1WnZ\ Y\WSbnaq Z* V\W1ZqfE aS/q SWS ab\qD \WSbnaq 1-\,1 Y\3Z\ , Wp+\y d,*3Sb1WnZ\y ]\41 L5 1b\]San 5;B5:C 11YSq <B:C ˙*ZSSW :B5>C *`V* 55B69MD ˙Wq 1-\,m a*Y\1 -W*,Z\1 P hb\ d Z*a , a1`/g1D \WSbnaq Y\3Z\ , Wp+\Y Y1ab1 S , Wp+\1 ,`1YqD 1O -\,* daWmjSb Z*aE /*31 1aWS Ym Y\WSYaq Z1 ,aWdfE * ]`\ a1+q L 11YSq 6B5P:MD

55 h1Y Y\3Z\ Y\WSbnaqH \WSbnaq Y\3Z\ \+\

,a1YE hb\ Z1 ]`\bS,\`1hSb ,\W1 \-*D S+WSS =D \Yd Ym /\W3Zm Y\WSbnaqH 1`14 V\-\ Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaqE V*V ob\ ,S/Z\ S4 \*ZZ* 58B:H 5>D *V Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaq \-dH

55D h1Y Y\3Z\ Y\WSbnaqH

5;<

Ë&#x161; )H

-\,\`SbaqB w 1-\ +m Ym ZS ]`\aSWS ]\ 1-\ ,\W1E \Z aWmjSb Z*ax L5 \*ZZ* 9B58MD Y\3Z\ WS ]`\aSbn d \-* h1-\OZS+d/n WShZ\ /Wq a1+qH Ë&#x2122;*D 1-\,* f\h1bE

hb\+m Ym `*aaV*4m,*WS 1Yd ,a1 V*V /`d-dD Y\WSb,1 Y\3Z\ Z1 ab1aZqbnaq a,\Sf YmaW1y S hd,ab, L a*W\Y :6B<MD b\+m ]\abd]*bn ]`*,SWnZ\E Ym Y\31Y ]`\aSbn d \-* /*bn Z*Y a,qb\-\ /df* L dVS 55B57MD b\+m ]`SO Zqbn f\`\j11 `1j1ZS1E Y\3Z\ Y\WSbnaq \ Yd/`\abSE * hb\+m a]`*,Sbnaq a ]`\+W1Y*YS P ]`\aSbn aSW L *O V\,* 5B9MD *V31 ,*3Z\ ]`\aSbn 1-\,d ]`\abSbn Z*Y Z*jS -`1fS L'e1aqZ*Y 5B7E ;MD `\Y1 b\-\E Zd3Z\ Y\O WSbnaq 4* /`d-SfE Z*]`SY1` 4* hW1Z\, a,\1y a1YnS

SWS 4* +`*bn1, S a1ab1` S4 a\+`*ZSq LË&#x2122;1qZSq 56B9C \O W\aaqZ*Y 8B56MD

56 h1Y Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaq , ]1`,dp \h1`1/nH b\YE hb\ a,q4*Z\ a 1-\,\yE S \ b\YE hb\+m SaO ]\WZqW*an 1-\ ,\WqD m /\W3Zm \b ,a1y /djS +W*O

-\/*`Sbn 1-\ 4* ,a1E hb\ \Z /Wq Z*a /1W*1b L5 1b\O ]San 6=B5>P57MD Y1ZZ\ \+ ob\Y Sada Z*dhSW Y\WSbnO aq a,\Sf dh1ZSV\,E V\-/* +mW Z* 41YW1D L `\hSb*yb1 *be1q :B=P57DM Z aV*4*WE hb\ \ZS /\W3Zm Y\WSbnO aqE ,\O]1`,mfE \ b\YE hb\+m \a,qbSW\an SYq \-*E SE ,\O,b\`mfE \ b\YE hb\+m ]`SjW\ \3n1 *`ab,\ S hb\+m ,\Wq 1-\,m Sa]\WZqW*an ]\ ,a1y 41YW1D \aW1

ob\-\ Y\3Z\ ]\]`\aSbn \-* S \ h1YOb\ WShZ\YD Ë&#x161;aWS Ym Y\WSYaq , ]1`,dp \h1`1/n \ b\YE hb\ a,q4*Z\ a

1-\,\yE ob\ ]\V*4m,*1bE hb\ /Wq Z*a a*Y\1 -W*,Z\1 P \bZ\j1ZSq a ZSYD 57

*V\y /WSb1WnZ\abS /\W3Zm +mbn Z*jS Y\O

56D h1Y Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaq , ]1`,dp \h1`1/nH 57D *V\y /WSb1WnZ\abS /\W3Zm +mbn Z*jS Y\WSb,mH

˝ & ) H

5;=

WSb,mH S+WSS \+ ob\Y Z1 -\,\`SbaqD a1 4*O ,SaSb \b aSbd*gSSD \4Y\3Z\E ]1`1/ 1/\y Ym ]\Y\O WSWSan +m V\`\bV\D 1aWS Ym 4* hb\Ob\ +W*-\/*`SY

1-\,d SWS `*aaV*4m,*1Y 1Yd \ a,\Sf +1a]\V\yab,*fE b\ Y\WSb,*E aV\`11 ,a1-\E +d/1b /WSZZ11 L5 *YdSW* 5B56E 59MD \ Z1 aW1/d1b a]1gS*WnZ\ ]`\S4Z\aSbn /WSZO Zm1 Y\WSb,mE 31W*q ]`\S4,1abS ,]1h*bW1ZS1 Z* /`dO -SfE V*V ob\ /1W*WS Z1V\b\`m1 Wp/SE 3S,jS1 , /ZS

\WSbnaq Y\3Z\ ,a1-/* S ,14/1

5<>

1-\,* Y\31b \b,1bSbn Z* Y\WSb,dE ]\+d/S, V\-\Ob\ S4 a\+`*ZSq ]`SybS Z*Y Z* ]\Y\kn

Sada* L dVS 6>B8:E 8;MD 1 ab\Sb /dY*bnE hb\ b*VS1 Y\WSb,m Y\-db ,]1h*bWSbn 1-\,dD ˙Wq Z1-\ ,*3Z\E hb\+m Y\WSb,* Saf\/SW* \b a1`/g*D 58

*V h*ab\ aW1/d1b Y\WSbnaqH 1-\,* 31W*1bE hb\+m Ym -\,\`SWS a ZSY V*V Y\3Z\ h*k1D S+WSq ]\+d3/*1b Z*aB w 1]`1ab*ZZ\ Y\WSb1anxE w 1 ]`1V`*O k*yb1 Y\WSbnaqx L *be1q 6:B85C SYWqZ*Y 56B56C 5 1aO a*W\ZSVSyg*Y 9B5;MD \h1YdH \b\Yd hb\ 1-\,* ,a1O -/* -\b\, Z*a aWdj*bnD m Y\31Y V*3/my /1Zn +W*-\O /*`Sbn 1-\ 4* 1-\ Wp+\,n S k1/`\abn S ]`\aSbn 1-\ \ b\YE hb\+m \Z `dV\,\/SW Z*j1y 3S4ZnpE ]\//1`3SO ,*W Z*a S /*,*W Z*Y aSWD ˚aWS Ym Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 g1ZSY 58D *V h*ab\ Zd3Z\ Y\WSbnaq S ]\h1YdH

˝ & ) H

5<5

,\4Y\3Z\abn Y\WSbnaq 1-\,1E b\ ,a1-/* Z*y/1Y ,`1O Yq ]\-\,\`Sbn a ZSYD 59

\h1Yd , V\Zg1 Y\WSb,m -\,\`qb w*YSZnxH W\,\ w*YSZnx \4Z*h*1b w,1`Z\x SWS w]dabn +d/1b b*VxD \,\`q , V\Zg1 Y\WSb,m w*YSZnxE Ym ]\/O b,1`3/*1YE hb\ Z*jS aW\,* +mWS SaV`1ZZSYS L a*O W\Y 85B57MD w YSZnx , V\Zg1 \+k1y Y\WSb,m ]\V*O 4m,*1b Z*j1 a\-W*aS1 a\ aW\,*YS b\-\E Vb\ Y\WSWO aqD w YSZnx Y\3Z\ ]`\S4Z\aSbn WS+\ ]`\ a1+qE WS+\ ,aWdf L5 1b\]San 5:B7:C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 58B5:MD

˚ ˚

% 5:

\h1Yd Y\3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ 1-\,* \b,1h*1b Z* Z*jS Y\WSb,mH \b\Yd hb\ , S+WSS \Z Z*4,*Z w Wdj*b1W1Y Y\WSb,x L a*W\Y :9B6MD 1-\,* aWmjSb SaV`1ZZS1 Y\WSb,m YSWWS\Z\, Wp/1y S \b,1h*1b Z* ZSfD 5;

1-\,* \b,1h*1b Z* Y\WSb,mE ]\amW*q , ]\Y\kn *Z-1W\, SWS V\-\Ob\ S4 a,\Sf aWd3Sb1W1y L˚,`1qY 5B57E 58MD mW\ YZ\-\ aWdh*1,E V\-/* h1W\,1V Y\WSWO aq \ b\YE hb\+m `*4\+`*bnaq , S+WSSE S ]\hbS a`*4d V Z1Yd ]`Sf\/SW Vb\Ob\ S4 ,S/1b1W1y 1-\,mD 'b\ Y\3Z\ \+lqaZSbn b1YE hb\ *Z-1Wm *VbS,Z\ dh*ab,dO pb , `*a]`\ab`*Z1ZSS w+W*-\y ,1abSx ]\ ,a1y 41YW1D L `\hSb*yb1 bV`\,1ZS1 58B:DM `\Y1 b\-\E 1-\,* \b,1h*1b Z* Z*jS Y\WSb,mE ]\+d3/*q +`*bn1, S a1O

ab1` ]`Sf\/Sbn Z*Y Z* ]\Y\kn SY1ZZ\ b\-/*E V\-/* ob\ Zd3Z\ L `SbhS 56B69C *V\,* 6B5:MD 59D \h1Yd , V\Zg1 Y\WSb,m Zd3Z\ -\,\`Sbn w*YSZnxH 5:D \h1Yd Y\3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\ 1-\,* \b,1h*1b Z* Z*jS Y\WSb,mH 5;D *V 1-\,* \b,1h*1b Z* Y\WSb,mH `S,1/Sb1 ]`SY1`mD

5<6

Ë&#x161; )H

*V 1k1 \- \b,1h*1b Z* Y\WSb,mH \-/* Z*Y Zd3Zm `dV\,\/ab,\ SWS aSWmE hb\+m `1jSbn V*VdpOb\ ]`\+W1YdE 1-\,* Y\31b /*bn Z*Y a,qb\y /df L6 \`SZO eqZ*Y 8B;MD \-/* Z*Y Zd3Z\ ]`SZqbn `1j1ZS1E 1-\O ,* Y\31b ]\Y\hn Z*Y Z*ybS ]\/f\/qkS1 YmaWS , 1-\ W\,1D *VSY \+`*4\YH m Y\31Y \+`*bSbn Z* hb\Ob\ ,ZSY*ZS1 ,\ ,`1Yq WShZ\-\ hb1ZSq S+WSSD WS 1O -\,* Y\31b ]\+d/Sbn V\-\Ob\ aV*4*bn , V\YY1Zb*`SS ,\ ,`1Yq ,ab`1hS a\+`*ZSq b\E hb\ Z*Y Z1\+f\/SY\ daWmj*bnD Y\31b +mbnE Zd3Z\y YmaWnp S4 S+WSS a Z*YS ]\/1WSbaq Vb\Ob\ S4 ab*`1yjSZ L *W*b*Y :B5MD 5<

5=

Z\-/* Z*Y Y\31b V*4*bnaqE hb\ 1-\,* Z1 \b,1O h*1b Z* Z*jd Y\WSb,dD \ ]\YZSb1B 1-\,* 4Z*1bE hb\ Z*Y Zd3Z\E S V\-/* S V*V Wdhj1 ,a1-\ ob\ /*bnD \O `\y Zd3Z\ +d/1b ]\Y\WSbnaq Z1 \/SZ `*4 P b*V 1-\O

,* d,S/SbE hb\ b\E \ h1Y Ym ]`\aSYE /Wq Z*a /1yab,SO b1WnZ\ ,*3Z\D *V*q Z*ab\yhS,\abn ]\V*31bE hb\ Ym Z1 a\YZ1,*1Yaq , b\YE hb\ \Z \b,1bSb L dVS 55B9P5>MD

Z\-/* \b,1b Z* Y\WSb,d Y\31b \V*4*bnaq Z1 b*VSYE V*V Ym \3S/*WSD *]`SY1`E Ym ]`\aSWSE hb\+m 1O -\,* d+`*W V*VdpOb\ ]`\+W1Yd S4 Z*j1y 3S4ZSE * \Z ,Y1ab\ ob\-\ /*W Z*Y aSW a Z1y a]`*,SbnaqD L `\hSO b*yb1 SWS]]Syg*Y 8B57DM 6>

*V 31 4*Y1h*b1WnZ\E hb\ Ym Y\31Y Y\WSbnaq

1-\,1I 1 a\YZ1,*yb1anB 1-\,* aWmjSb ,*a L a*O W\Y 589B5<MD 1Y h*k1 Ym Y\WSYaq 1-\,1E b1Y V`1]h1 ab*Z\,Sbaq Z*j* /`d3+* a ZSYD

5<D *V 1k1 1-\,* \b,1h*1b Z* Y\WSb,mH

5=D h1Y ,*3Z\ ]\YZSbnE 1aWS V*31baqE hb\ 1-\,* Z1 \b,1h*1b Z* Z*jd Y\WSb,dH 6>D \h1Yd Zd3Z\ h*ab\ Y\WSbnaq 1-\,1H

Ë&#x161; " & " % w 1-\,* +WS4\V V\ ,a1Y ]`S4m,*pkSY 1-\E V\ ,a1Y ]`S4m,*pkSY 1-\ , SabSZ1x L a*W\Y 589B5<MD

b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m 1-\,* aWdj*W Z*jS Y\WSb,mH Ë&#x161;,`1qY 55B: 1`Sbn , Z1-\D a*W\Y 57<B: \WSbnaq a\ aV`\YZ\abnp S d,*31ZS1YD

*V\,* 6B6: \abd]*bn , a\-W*aSS a b1YE

\ h1Y ]`\aSY , Y\WSb,1D

*be1q :B;E < Y\WSb,*f +mbn SaV`1ZZSYS S h1abZmYSE Z1 ]\,b\`qbn \/ZS S b1

31 e`*4m ,a1 aZ\,* S aZ\,*D

a*Sq 5B59 b*`*bnaq 3Sbn b*VE V*V ob\-\ f\h1b \-D

% Ë&#x161;

\Yd Ym /\W3Zm Y\WSbnaqH *be1q :B=C \*ZZ* 58B:

*V\y /WSb1WnZ\abS /\W3Zm +mbn Y\WSb,mH

d3Z\ WS 4*ZSY*bn V*VdpOb\

\]`1/1W1ZZdp ]\4d ,\ ,`1Yq Y\WSb,mH

5 *YdSW* 5B56E 59C dVS 6>B8:E 8;

5 1b\]San 5;B5:C 11YSq <B9E :C Ë&#x2122;*ZSSW :B5>C *`V* 55B69

SYWqZ*Y 56B56C 5 1aa*W\ZSVSyg*Y 9B5;

aWmjSb WS Z*a 1-\,*E 1aWS Ym Y\WSYaq Z1 ,aWdfE * ]`\ a1+qH 11YSq 6B5P:

*V h*ab\ aW1/d1b Y\WSbnaqH

\h1Yd , V\Zg1 Y\WSb,m -\,\`qb w*YSZnxH 5 1b\]San 5:B7:C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 58B5:

5<8

˚ ˝ & )H w 1-\ +m Ym ZS ]`\aSWS ]\ 1-\ ,\W1E \Z aWmjSb Z*ax L5 \*ZZ* 9B58MD

h1Y ,m Y\31b1 Y\WSbnaq \-dH *be1q :B=E 5> b\YE hb\+m Sa]\WZqW*an ,\Wq 1-\,mD

*V\,* 5B9 Yd/`\abS ]`S ]`SZqbSS `1j1ZSyD

5 1b\]San 6=B5>P57 Y\WSb,1 Y\3Z\ +W*-\/*`Sbn \-*D

SWS]]Syg*Y 8B57 aSW1E hb\+m a]`*,Wqbnaq a b`d/Z\abqYSD

*be1q :B55P57 WShZmf ]\b`1+Z\abqf P \ b\YE hb\ +1a]\V\Sb WShZ\ ,*aD

'e1aqZ*Y 5B7E ; ]`\k1ZSS -`1f\,D

dVS 55B57 a,qb\Y /df1D

˙1qZSq 56B9 +W*-\]\WdhSS /`d-SfD

˚ ˚ ˚

%

w Wdj*b1Wn Y\WSb,E V b1+1 ]`S/1b ,aqV*q ]W\bnx L a*W\Y :9B6MD

*V 1-\,* \b,1h*1b Z* Z*jS Y\WSb,mH `SbhS 56B69C

bV`\,1ZS1 58B: 1-\,* Y\31b ]\Y\hn Z*Y h1`14 *Z-1W\, SWS V\-\Ob\ S4 Wp/1yD

SWS]]Syg*Y 8B:E ;E 57 b\+m ]\Y\hn a]`*,Sbnaq a b`d/O

Z\abqYSE \Z /*1b Z*Y aSW S \kdO k1ZS1 a]\V\yab,SqD

6 \`SZeqZ*Y 8B;

1-\,* /*1b a,qb\y /dfD

*W*b*Y :B5C 6 SY\e1p 7B5:E 5; 4 S+WSS S Z* ,ab`1h*f a\+`*ZSq Ym ]\Wdh*1Y \b 1-\,m Yd/`\abnE Z1\+f\/SYdp /Wq ]`SZqbSq `1j1ZSyD

5<

Ë&#x203A;

) & )

Ë&#x161; & )H

Ë&#x203A; ) obd VZS-dE ,m ]\4Z*V\YSWSan a\ YZ\-SYS +S+W1yaVSYS dh1ZSqYSE Z*]`SY1`B \ ,1hZ\y 3S4ZSE

\ a\ab\qZSS Y1`b,mf S \ ,\aV`1a1ZSS L'VVW14S*ab =B9C dVS 67B87C \*ZZ* 9B6<E 6=C bV`\,1ZS1 65B7E 8MD \31b +mbnE ,m d31 Z*h*WS ]\a1k*bn ,ab`1hS ,SO /1b1W1y 1-\,m S d+1/SWSanE hb\ \ZS ]`*,SWnZ\ ]\O VW\Zqpbaq \-d L \*ZZ* 57B79MD *,1`ZqV* d ,*a d31 ab*W* `*4,S,*bnaq /`d3+* a 1-\,\y S ]\q,SW\an 5D *V\y d ,*a Y\31b ,\4ZSVZdbn ,\]`\aH

5<:

Ë&#x161; )H

31W*ZS1 1Yd aWd3SbnD \-/*E aV\`11 ,a1-\E d ,*a ,\4O ZSV*1b ,\]`\aB w b\ q /\W31Z a/1W*bn b1]1`nHx 6

\b 31 ,\]`\a 4*SZb1`1a\,*W S \/Z\-\ oeS\O ]*E 3S,j1-\ ,\ ,`1Y1Z* Sada* `Sab*D Z aV*4*WB w \b ,\/*E hb\ ]`1]qbab,d1b YZ1 V`1abSbnaqHx LË&#x2122;1qO ZSq <B6:P7:MD \h1Yd \Z 4*f\b1W V`1abSbnaqH \-/* SWS]]E \/SZ S4 dh1ZSV\, Sada* `Sab*E \+lqaZSW 1YdE hb\ Sada +mW 1aaS1yE ob\ 4*b`\ZdW\ 1-\ a1`/O g1 S \Z 4*f\b1W V`1abSbnaqD 7

S+WSq qaZ\ -\,\`SbE hb\E 1aWS h1W\,1V f\h1b aWd3Sbn 1-\,1E \Z /\W31Z V`1abSbnaqD Sada `SO ab\a ]\,1W1W a,\SY dh1ZSV*YB w \ ,a1f Z*`\/*f ]\/O -\b*,WS,*yb1 dh1ZSV\,E V`1abq Sfx L *be1q 6<B5=MD

*Y `Sab\a b\31 ]`SZqW V`1k1ZS1E ]`Sh1Y 1Yd Z1 ]`\ab\ ]\WSWS -\W\,d P \Z ]\WZ\abnp \VdZdWaq , ,\O /d L *be1q 7B5:MD *V S a1-\/ZqE f`SabS*Z1 ,\ ,`1Yq V`1k1ZSq /\W3Zm ]\WZ\abnp ]\-`d4Sbnaq , ,\/dD 8

`1k1ZS1 ]\V*4m,*1b SaV`1ZZ11 31W*ZS1 h1W\O ,1V* ab*bn /`d-\Y \-* S aWd3Sbn 1Yd L a*W\Y 8>B;E <MD b\ Zd3Z\ a/1W*bn ]1`1/ V`1k1ZS1YH

Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x2122; % Ë&#x203A; ) Ë&#x161; 9

`13/1 h1Y V`1abSbnaqE Z1\+f\/SY\ ]\WdhSbn 4Z*ZSq \+ 1-\,1 S \+ Sada1 `Sab1D ,m d31 ab*O WS ob\ /1W*bnE Z*h*, S4dh*bn S+WSpD L `\hSb*yb1 \*ZZ* 5;B7DM \ ob\ b\WnV\ ]1`,my j*- P S+WSq 6D \h1Yd \/SZ oeS\] 4*f\b1W V`1abSbnaqH 7D *M b\ Sada ]\,1W1W a,\SY dh1ZSV*YH +M *V /\W3Z\ ]`\f\/Sbn V`1k1ZS1H 8D b\ ]\V*4m,*1b V`1k1ZS1H 9D *M Ë&#x161;aWS ,m f\bSb1 V`1abSbnaqE hb\ Zd3Z\ a/1W*bn , a*Y\Y Z*h*W1H +M \h1Yd ,*3Z\ ]\a1k*bn ,ab`1hS a\+`*ZSq ,S/1b1W1y 1-\,mH

Ë&#x203A; )

& ) Ë&#x161;

& )H

5<;

]\+d3/*1b Sa]\WZSbnaq wb\hZmY 4Z*ZS1Yx \ ,\W1

1-\,m L \W\aaqZ*Y 5B=MD ob\Y ,*Y ]\Y\-db ,ab`1O hS a\+`*ZSq ,S/1b1W1y 1-\,mD \a1k*q Sf `1-dO Wq`Z\E ,m aY\31b1 `*4,Sbn +WS4VS1 \bZ\j1ZSq a \O -\Y LË&#x161;,`1qY 5>B68E 69MD :

\Z1hZ\E 1-\,* Z1 \3S/*1bE hb\ d31 /\ V`1O k1ZSq ,m +d/1b1 /\aV\Z*WnZ\ 4Z*bn S+WSpD Z Z1 \3S/*W ob\-\ S \b oeS\]*E V\b\`my 4*f\b1W V`1O abSbnaq LË&#x2122;1qZSq <B7>E 75MD m +d/1Y d4Z*,*bn \ \O -1 ,ap ,1hZ\abn L'VVW14S*ab 7B55MD b\+m V`1abSbnO aqE /\ab*b\hZ\ 4Z*bn \aZ\,Zm1 +S+W1yaVS1 dh1ZSq S +mbn a ZSYS a\-W*aZmY LË&#x161;,`1qY 9B56MD ;

S+WSS aV*4*Z\B w 14 ,1`m d-\/Sbn \-d Z1,\4O

Y\3Z\x LË&#x161;,`1qY 55B:MD \ob\Yd 1k1 /\ V`1k1ZSq h1W\,1Vd Zd3Z\ `*4,Sbn ,1`dD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Z1V\b\`m1 3Sb1WS /`1,Z1-\ \`SZe*E daWmj*, b\E h1Yd dhSWS ]\aW1/\,*b1WS Sada*E w]\,1`SWS S V`1abSWSanx LË&#x2122;1qZSq 5<B<MD *V S ,mE ]\WdhS, 4Z*ZSq S4 S+WSSE ]\,1`SWS , \3nS \+1k*ZSq S ]`S4Z*O WSE hb\ 31`b,* Sada* a]\a\+Z* S4+*,Sbn \b -`1f* S aY1`bS L Sada *,SZ 67B58C Ë&#x2122;1qZSq 8B56C 6 SY\e1p 7B5:E 5;MD

Ë&#x203A;% â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;

\ Y1`1 b\-\ V*V ,m +d/1b1 ]\Wdh*bn ,a1 Z\,m1 +S+W1yaVS1 4Z*ZSq S ,S/1bnE V*V \ZS ]\Y\-*O pb ,*Y , 3S4ZSE ,*j* ,1`* +d/1b ab*Z\,Sbnaq V`1]O h1D V\`11 ,a1-\E d ,*a ]\q,Sbaq 31W*ZS1 `*aaV*4*bn <

:D *aV\WnV\ f\`\j\ Zd3Z\ 4Z*bn S+WSpE /\ b\-\ V*V V`1abSbnaqH ;D *V 4Z*ZSq S4 S+WSS ]\,WSqWS Z* ,*aH

<D b\ ]\+d/Sb ,*a `*aaV*4m,*bn /`d-SY \ b\YE hb\ ,m d4Z*1b1H

5<<

Ë&#x161; )H

\ b\YE hb\ ,m d4Z*WSE 1k1 V\YdOb\ L 1`1YSq 6>B=C 6 \`SZeqZ*Y 8B57MD =

\4Y\3Z\E ,m 4*f\bSb1 ]\/1WSbnaq Z\,mYS 4Z*O

ZSqYS a a1Yn1yE /`d4nqYSE a\a1/qYS SWS a\b`d/ZSO V*YSD b*`*yb1an /1W*bn ob\ b*VbShZ\E a b1]W\b\y S ,ZSY*ZS1YD \ ,`1Y1Z1Y ,m aY\31b1 Z*h*bn ]`\]\O ,1/\,*bn ,Y1ab1 a a\+`*ZS1YD \-/* d ,*a ]\q,Sbaq b*V\1 31W*ZS1E aV*3Sb1 \+ ob\Y b\YdE Vb\ S4dh*1b a ,*YS S+WSpD Ë&#x161;aWS \Z ahSb*1bE hb\ ,m -\b\,mE S 1aO WS ,m d31 ab*WS 3Sbn ]\ +S+W1yaVSY ]`SZgS]*YE \Z ,Y1ab1 a ,*YS /\-\,\`Sbaq \ ,ab`1h1 a /,dYq ab*`1yO jSZ*YS a\+`*ZSqD 5>

b*`1yjSZm ]`\,1/db a ,*YS a\+1a1/\,*ZS1E hb\+m d+1/SbnaqE hb\ ,m ]\ZSY*1b1 \aZ\,Zm1 +S+O

W1yaVS1 dh1ZSqE ,1`Sb1 , ZSfE 3S,1b1 , a\-W*aSS a ZSYS S /1yab,Sb1WnZ\ f\bSb1 ab*bn ,S/1b1W1Y 1O -\,mD 1 ab\Sb +\qbnaq ob\-\ a\+1a1/\,*ZSqE ]\b\O Yd hb\ ab*`1yjSZm a +\Wnj\y 4*+\b\y \bZ\aqbaq V hW1Z*Y a\+`*ZSq LË&#x2122;1qZSq 6>B6<C 5 1b`* 9B6E 7MD \aW1 ob\y ,ab`1hS ab*`1yjSZm aV*3db ,*YE Y\31b1 WS ,m b1]1`n ]`\]\,1/\,*bn ,Y1ab1 a a\+`*ZS1YD 55

\4Y\3Z\E ab*`1yjSZm aV*3dbE hb\E ]`13/1 h1Y

Z*h*bn ]`\]\,1/\,*bnE ,*Y Zd3Z\ 1k1 V\1Ohb\ S4Y1O ZSbn , a,\1y 3S4ZSD \h1Yd ob\ ,*3Z\ a/1W*bnH \-O /* Ym `*aaV*4m,*1Y /`d-SY \ \-1E Ym ,mabd]*1Y , `\WS 1-\ ]`1/ab*,Sb1W1yE S ]\ob\Yd Z*Y Zd3Z\ ,1O =E 5>D *M V1Y Y\3Z\ /1WSbnaq 4Z*ZSqYSE V\b\`m1 ,m ]\WdhSWSH +M b\ Zd3Z\ a/1W*bnE hb\+m Z*h*bn ]`\]\,1/\,*bn ,Y1ab1 a a\+`*O ZS1YH 55D \h1YdE ]`13/1 h1Y Z*h*bn ]`\]\,1/\,*bn a a\+`*ZS1YE ,*3Z\ a/1W*bn Z1\+f\/SYm1 S4Y1Z1ZSq , a,\1y 3S4ZSH

Ë&#x203A;

) & ) Ë&#x161; & )H

5<=

abS 3S4ZnE /\ab\yZdp aWd3Sb1Wq \-* L5 \`SZeqO Z*Y :B=E 5>C *W*b*Y 9B5=P65MD

) Ë&#x161; #Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x2122;\ V`1k1ZSq Zd3Z\ a/1W*bn 1k1 \/SZ ,*3Zmy

j*-D ]\ab\W 1b` aV*4*WB w *aV*yb1an S \+`*bSO b1anE hb\+m S4-W*/SWSan ,*jS -`1fSx LË&#x2122;1qZSq 7B5=MD b\ b*V\1 `*aV*qZS1H 'b\ SaV`1ZZ11 a\3*W1ZS1 \

Z1]`*,SWnZmf ]\abd]V*fE a\,1`j1ZZmf , ]`\jW\YD *]`SY1`E `*aV*qZS1 Z1\+f\/SY\E 1aWS ,m ,1WS +14O Z`*,ab,1ZZmy \+`*4 3S4ZSD *aV*qbnaq Zd3Z\ /*31 b1YE Vb\ ,ap 3S4Zn ab*`*Waq ]\abd]*bn ]`*,SWnZ\E ,1/n ,a1 Wp/S -`1jZm1 S Zd3/*pbaq , \3n1Y ]`\O k1ZSS L SYWqZ*Y 7B67C 9B56MD 56

57

Ë&#x2122;\ab*b\hZ\ WS ]`\ab\ a\3*W1bn \ b\YE hb\ Ym

]\abd]*WS Z1]`*,SWnZ\H 1bD ]\ab\W 1b` aV*O

4*WE hb\ Zd3Z\ 1k1 S \+`*bSbnaqE b\ 1abn ]1`1O ab*bn ,1abS ]`13ZSyE Z1]`*,SWnZmyE \+`*4 3S4ZS S Z*h*bn 3Sbn ]\OZ\,\YdD ]`SY1`dE ]`1/ab*,nb1E hb\ ,m ,]1`,m1 \b]`*,SWSan , V*V\yOb\ -\`\/D \]`1O

/1W1ZZmy Y\Y1Zb ,m ]\ZSY*1b1E hb\ 1/1b1 Z1 , b\Y Z*]`*,W1ZSSD b\ ,m a/1W*1b1H \Z1hZ\ 31E a+*O

,Sb1 aV\`\abn S \ab*Z\,Sb1anE * 4*b1Y `*4,1`Z1b1an

L/`d-SYS aW\,*YSE \+`*bSb1anM S Z*hZ1b1 /,S-*bnO aq , ]`*,SWnZ\Y Z*]`*,W1ZSSD \/\+ZmY \+`*4\YE S4dh*q S+WSpE ,m Y\31b1 4*Y1bSbnE hb\ ,*Y Zd3Z\ hb\Ob\ ]\Y1Zqbn , a,\1y 3S4ZSD d/1b1 WS ,m -\b\,m a/1W*bn ob\ P \+`*4Z\ -\,\`q w\+`*bSbnaqx P S Z*O h*bn ]\abd]*bn ]`*,SWnZ\H 56D \h1Yd `*aV*qbnaq Z1\+f\/SY\ ,a1Y Wp/qYH 57D b\ \4Z*h*1b w\+`*bSbnaqxH

5=>

Ë&#x161; )H

)#Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161;k1 \/SZ ,*3Zmy j*-E V\b\`my Z1\+f\/SY\ a/1O W*bn ]1`1/ V`1k1ZS1YEP ob\ ]\a,qbSbnaq 1-\,1D

\a,qk1ZS1 P ob\ \a\+1ZZ*q Y\WSb,*E , V\b\`\y Ym \+1k*1Y 1-\,1E hb\ +d/1Y ]\VW\Zqbnaq b\WnV\ 1Yd S ahSb*bn Sa]\WZ1ZS1 1-\ ,\WS a*YmY ,*3ZmY , a,\O 1y 3S4ZS L b\`\4*V\ZS1 :B59MD 58

59

+1k*ZS1 aWd3Sbn b\WnV\ 1-\,1 Y\3Z\ a`*,O ZSbn a \+1k*ZS1Y ]`\3Sbn ,ap 3S4Zn a \/ZSY h1W\O ,1V\YD *aaY\b`SY ob\ Z* ]`SY1`1D \W\/\y h1W\,1V

Z*hSZ*1b df*3S,*bn 4* /1,djV\yD Z d4Z*1b 11 ,a1 Wdhj1 S Wdhj1E S a\ ,`1Y1Z1Y ]\ZSY*1bE hb\ ]\WpO

+SW 11E S f\h1b Z* Z1y 31ZSbnaqD f\bq \Z ]\ZSY*1bE

hb\ ob\ \h1Zn a1`n14Z\1 S \b,1bab,1ZZ\1 `1j1ZS1E

\Z -\b\, a/1W*bn ob\E ]\b\Yd hb\ Wp+Sb 11D

5: Ë&#x203A;Z*V\Yqan a 1-\,\y ,a1 Wdhj1 S Wdhj1E ,m

a\ ,`1Y1Z1Y ]\yY1b1E hb\ Wp+Sb1 1-\ S f\bSb1 aWdO 3Sbn 1Yd \b ,a1y /djSD ,*a ]\q,Sbaq 31W*ZS1 ]\O \+1k*bn \-d , Y\WSb,1E hb\ ,m +d/1b1 aWd3Sbn 1YdD S+WSS -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Wp+\yE Vb\ f\h1b aW1/\,*bn 4* Sada\YE /\W31Z \b`1hnaq \b a1+q L *`V* <B78MD

b\ ob\ 4Z*hSbH 'b\ 4Z*hSb ,\ ,a1Y aWdj*bnaq \-*E ,1/n Sa]\WZ1ZS1 1-\ ,\WS ,*3Z11 Z*jSf WShZmf 31O W*ZSy S g1W1yD L `\hSb*yb1 5 1b`* 8B6DM

Ë&#x161; â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; & Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

5;

b\Ob\E ,\4Y\3Z\E Z1 ]\a,qk*1baq 1-\,1E ]\O b\Yd hb\ +\SbaqE hb\ Z1 aY\31b a/1`3*bn \+1k*O 58D b\ \4Z*h*1b ]\a,qbSbnaq \-dH 59E 5:D b\ Y\31b ]\+d/Sbn h1W\,1V* ]\a,qbSbnaq \-dH 5;D \h1Yd Z1V\b\`m1 Z1 ]\a,qk*pbaq 1-\,1H

Ë&#x203A; )

& ) Ë&#x161;

& )H

5=5

ZS1 aWd3Sbn 1YdD *V\y h1W\,1V Z1 f\h1b `*4\h*`\O ,m,*bn 1-\,dD Vb\Ob\ /dY*1bE hb\E 1aWS Z1 ]\a,qO k*bnaq \-dE b\ Z1 Z*/\ +d/1b \b,1h*bn 4* a,\S ]\O abd]VSD 5<

p+\,n V 1-\,1 ]\Y\31b ,*Y ]`1\/\W1bn ab`*f ]1`1/ \b,1bab,1ZZ\abnpD Ë&#x161;aWS ,m Wp+Sb1 1-\E ,m +dO

/1b1 /1W*bn ,a1 ,\4Y\3Z\1E hb\+m a/1`3*bn a,\1 \+1k*ZS1 L'VVW14S*ab 9B8C \W\aaqZ*Y 5B5>MD m Z1 +dO /1b1 /dY*bnE hb\ Sa]\WZqbn ,\Wp \-* aWSjV\Y b`d/Z\D ]\ab\W \*ZZ Z*]Sa*WB w p+\,n V \-d 4*VWph*1baq , b\YE hb\+m Ym a\+Wp/*WS 1-\ 4*]\O ,1/SE S 1-\ 4*]\,1/S Z1 \+`1Y1ZSb1WnZmx L5 \*ZZ* 9B7MD 5=

1-\,* Z1 \3S/*1bE hb\ b1E Vb\ 4*f\h1b 1Yd ]\O

a,qbSbnaqE +d/db +14d]`1hZmYSD Z Z1 3/1b \b Z*a +\Wnj1E h1Y Ym Y\31Y /*bn L a*W\Y 5>7B58MD Z \+1O k*1bE hb\ +d/1b ]\Y\-*bn Z*Y ]\abd]*bn ]`*,SWnZ\ L a*Sq 85B5>MD S+WSq ]`S4m,*1bB w \W*-*yaq Z* 1O -\,d ,a1Y a,\SY a1`/g1YDDD DDD \Z a/1W*1b b,\S ]dbS ]`qYmYSx L `SbhS 7B9E :MD

Ë&#x161;#Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; 6>

Ë&#x161;aWS ,m d31 ]\a,qbSWSan 1-\,1E 4Z*hSbE ,m -\O b\,m V aW1/dpk1Yd j*-d P V`1k1ZSpD 65

\\+kSb1 V\\`/SZ*b\`d a\,1b* ab*`1yjSZ a,\O 1-\ a\+`*ZSqE hb\ ,m ]\a,qbSWSan 1-\,1 S f\bSb1 5<D b\ ]\Y\31b ,*Y ]`1\/\W1bn ab`*f ]1`1/ \b,1bab,1ZZ\abnpH 5=D \h1Yd Z1 ab\Sb +\qbnaq ]\a,qk*bnaq 1-\,1H 6>D b\ Zd3Z\ a/1W*bn ]\aW1 b\-\E V*V ,m ]\a,qbSWSan 1-\,1H

65E 66D *V ,m Y\31b1 ]d+WShZ\ 4*q,Sbn \ a,\1Y 31W*ZSS aWd3Sbn \-dH

`13/1 h1Y V`1abSbnaqE Zd3Z\ ]\WdhSbn 4Z*ZSq S4 S+WSS

1`*E V\b\`*q d ,*a ]\q,SbaqE ]\+d/Sb ,*a /1WSbnaq +S+W1yaV\y SabSZ\y a /`d-SYS

V`1abSbnaqD Z ]\]`\aSb V\-\Ob\ S4 ab*O `1yjSZ \+ad/Sbn a ,*YS \aZ\,Zm1 +S+O W1yaVS1 dh1ZSqD ˚aWS \ZS d,S/qbE hb\ ,m -\b\,mE \ZS ]`1/W\3*b ,*Y V`1abSbnO aq Z* \/Z\Y S4 +WS3*yjSf V\Z-`1aO a\, ,S/1b1W1y 1-\,mD * V\Z-`1aa1 ]`\4,dhSb `1hnE , V\b\`\y +d/1b \+lqaO Z1Z\ 4Z*h1ZS1 V`1k1ZSqD ˛*b1Y /\VW*/O

Ë&#x203A; )

& ) Ë&#x161;

& )H

5=7

hSV ]`1/W\3Sb 31W*pkSY V`1abSbnaq \b,1bSbn Z* /,* ]`\abmf ,\]`\a*D b,1bS, w/*xE ,m ]d+WShZ\

4*q,Sb1 \ a,\1Y 31W*ZSS aWd3Sbn \-d L SYWqZ*Y 5>B5>MD

\\+1k*WS WS ,m 1-\,1 ab*bn 1-\ aWd3Sb1W1YH

*j1 V`1k1ZS1 ]\V*31bE hb\ ,m f\bSb1 Sa]\WZqbn ,\Wp \-*

5=8

Ë&#x161; )H

66

1]1`n ,m +d/1b1 -\b\,m ]`SZqbn V`1k1ZS1D *a ]\WZ\abnp \VdZdb , ,\/dD `1k1ZS1 ]\V*31b ,a1YE hb\ ,m ]\a,qbSWSan 1-\,1 \-d S ab*Z\,Sb1an ,SO /1b1W1Y 1-\,mD

Ë&#x203A; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;#Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; 67

Sada aV*4*WE hb\ 1-\ dh1ZSVS /\W3Zm V`1O abSbnaq w,\ SYq bg*E mZ* S a,qb\-\ /df*xD L `\hSO

b*yb1 *be1q 6<B5=DM 'b\ \4Z*h*1bE hb\ Ym ]`S4Z*1Y ]\W\31ZS1 1-\,mE ]\ZSY*1Y `\Wn Sada* `Sab* ,

4*YmaW1 \-* S \a\4Z*1YE hb\ /Wq Sa]\WZ1ZSq a,\O 1y ,\WS 1-\,* Sa]\Wn4d1b a,qb\y /df L a*W\Y <7B5<C *be1q 6<B5<C *W*b*Y 9B66E 67C 6 1b`* 5B65MD 68

`1k1ZS1 SY11b aSY,\WSh1aV\1 4Z*h1ZS1B ]\O -`d3*qan , ,\/dE ,m V*V +d/b\ dYS`*1b1 /Wq ]`13Z1O -\ \+`*4* 3S4ZSE * ,mf\/q S4 ,\/m P Z*hSZ*1b1 Z\O ,dp 3S4Zn V*V aWd3Sb1Wn \-*D \YZSb1E hb\ ,m ]\O a,qk*1b1an Z1 V*V\YdOb\ h1W\,1VdE \`-*ZS4*gSS SWS /1WdD m ]\a,qk*1b1 a,\p 3S4Zn 1-\,1D 69

\a,qk1ZS1 S V`1k1ZS1E Z1a\YZ1ZZ\E dV`1]qb ,*jd /`d3+d a 1-\,\y L a*W\Y 69B58MD \ ob\ Z1 \4Z*h*1bE hb\E V`1abS,jSanE ,m *,b\Y*bSh1aVS ]\WdO hSb1 a]*a1ZS1D ]\ab\W *,1W aV*4*WB w \ ab`*f\Y S b`1]1b\YDDD /\+S,*yb1an a,\1-\ a]*a1ZSqx L SWS]O ]Syg*Y 6B56MD \YZSb1E hb\ V`1k1ZS1 P ob\ b\WnV\ Z*h*W\D b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m Z1 ]\b1`qbn g1ZO Zm1 \bZ\j1ZSq a 1-\,\yH 'b\b ,\]`\a Ym \+ad/SY , ]\aW1/Z1y -W*,1D 67D b\ \4Z*h*1b V`1abSbnaq w,\ SYq bg*E mZ* S a,qb\-\ /df*xH

68E 69D *M b\ aSY,\WS4S`d1b V`1k1ZS1H +M h1Y +d/1b -\,\`Sbnaq , ]\aW1/Z1y -W*,1H

˝ ˚

& )H w \b ,\/*E hb\ ]`1]qbab,d1b YZ1 V`1abSbnaqHx L˙1qZSq <B7:MD

\h1Yd Zd3Z\ V`1abSbnaqH

*V /\W3Z\ ]`\f\/Sbn V`1k1ZS1H

`1k1ZS1 ]\V*4m,*1bE hb\ h1W\,1V dYS`*1b /Wq ]`13Z1-\ \+`*4* 3S4ZS S Z*hSZ*1b Z\,dp 3S4Zn V*V aWd3Sb1Wn \-*D *be1q 6<B5=E 6> b\+m aWd3Sbn 1-\,1E ,*Y Zd3Z\ V`1abSbnaqD a*W\Y 8>B< *j1 V`1k1ZS1 ]\V*31b /`d-SYE hb\ ,m f\bSb1 aWd3Sbn \-dD

*be1q 7B5: `S V`1k1ZSS Z1\+f\/SY\ ]\WZ\abnp \VdZdbnaq , ,\/dB b*V 31E V*V ob\ a/1W*W SadaD

˚ ˚ ˝˙˚

"

w p+\,n V \-d 4*VWph*1baq , b\YE hb\+m Ym a\+Wp/*WS 1-\ 4*]\,1/SE S 1-\ 4*]\,1/S Z1 \+`1Y1ZSb1WnZmx L5 \*ZZ* 9B7MD

\h1Yd Z1 Zd3Z\ +\qbnaq ]\a,qbSbnaq 1-\,1H a*W\Y 5>7B58C a*Sq 85B5> 1-\,* Z1 ahSb*1bE hb\E ]`13/1 h1Y ]\a,qbSbnaq 1YdE ,m /\W3Zm ab*bn +14d]`1hZmO YSD Z +d/1b ]\Y\-*bn ,*Y ]\O abd]*bn ]`*,SWnZ\D

\W\aaqZ*Y 5B5> p+\,n V 1-\,1 ]\Y\31b ,*Y Z1 +\qbnaq b\-\E hb\ ,m `*4\h*`d1b1 \-*D

5=:

˝ ˙˚ & ˚ ˚˙ ˚#˚ ˚ H w Sa]\WZ1ZSS b,\1y ,\WSE \ Y\y \-E q Z*f\3d `*/\abnE S b,\y 4*V\Z d Y1Zq ,\ ,Zdb`1ZZ\abqfx L a*W\Y 8>B<MD

b\ Zd3Z\E hb\+m ]\a,qbSbnaq 1-\,1H

\*ZZ* 5;B7

5 1b`* 8B6

˛ • ˚

)

˚ ( ˝ ˛ &

4Z*,*yb1 \+ 1-\,1 S \+ Sada1 `Sab1D 1Y Wdhj1 ,m Sf +d/1b1 4Z*bnE b1Y +\Wnj1 ,m Sf ]\Wp+Sb1D

'b\ \4Z*h*1b , Y\WSb,1 ]\\+1k*bn 1-\,1E hb\ ,m +d/1b1 1Yd ]\VW\Zqbnaq S ahSb*bn Sa]\WZ1ZS1 1-\ ,\WS a*YmY ,*3ZmY , 3S4ZSD

˚,`1qY 55B: ˛ • ˚ ˚

d/nb1 d,1`1ZmE hb\ \Sa]\WZq1b a,\S \+1k*ZSq S hb\ 31`b,* `Sab* Y\31b a]*abS Z*a \b -`1f* S aY1`bSD ˙1qZSq 7B5=

• ˚ &

'b\ \4Z*h*1b -Wd+\V\ a\3*W1bn \ Z1]`*,SWnZmf

]\abd]V*fE a\,1`j1ZZmf , ]`\jW\YD

˚ &

bV*3Sb1an \b ]`13Z1-\E Z1]`*,SWnZ\-\E \+`*4* 3S4ZS S Z*hZSb1 3Sbn ]\OZ\,\YdD

5=

˚ ˚ ˚ ˙ ˝ ˚

•

˚˙ & ˚E hb\ ,m \V*4*WSan Z* dWSg1 ,\ ,`1O Yq +d`SD 1+\ ]\b1YZ1W\E a,1`V*pb Y\WZSSE -`\f\O h1b -`\YD \bO,\b a Z1+* fWmZ1b ,\/*D m Z*hSZ*1b1 SaV*bn dV`mbS1 S da]\V*S,*1b1an b\WnV\ b\-/*E V\-/*

Z*f\/Sb1 Z*/13Z\1 Y1ab\D

6 1-\/Zq Ym 3S,1Y V*V +d/b\ ,\ ,`1Yq b*V\y +d`SD

aW\,Sq , YS`1 a V*3/mY /Z1Y ab*Z\,qbaq ,a1 fd31

S fd31D \ d Z*a 1abn Z*/13Z\1 dV`mbS1D b\ ob\ 4* dV`mbS1H a*WY\]1,1g ]Sa*WB w) aV*3d 1-\,1B t m

Y\1 d+13Sk1 S Y\q b,1`/mZqE Y\y \-E Z* V\b\`\-\ q +d/d ]\W*-*bnaqrx L a*W\Y =5B6MD \3Z\ aV*4*bnE hb\

1-\,* Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 Z*j1 d+13Sk1E ]\b\Yd hb\ \Z

]\Y\-*1b Z*Y a]`*,Wqbnaq a b`d/Z\abqYS S /*1b Z*O /13/d Z* ]`1V`*aZ\1 +d/dk11D 7

V*VSYS +m b`d/Z\abqYS Ym ZS ab\WVZdWSan

Z* Z*j1Y ]dbSE 1-\,* /*ab Z*Y aSW ,a1 ]1`1Z1abSD Z Z*YZ\-\ aSWnZ11 Wp+mf Z*jSf ,`*-\,D ˙*31 1aWS , Z*j1y 3S4ZS aWdhSbaq hb\Ob\ d3*aZ\1E Ym Y\31Y Z1 a\YZ1,*bnaqE hb\ , +d/dk1Y 1-\,* dab`*ZSb ,a1 ]\aW1/ab,Sq Z*jSf +1/D S+WSq ]\+d3/*1b Z*aB w \O f`*Zqyb1 a1+q , \3n1y Wp+,Sx L d/m 65MD 1 \b/*O Wqyb1an \b 1-\,mE ,1/n SZ*h1 ,m Z1 aY\31b1 ]\WdO hSbn 1-\ ]\Y\knD

5E 6D /1 Ym Y\31Y Z*ybS Z*/13Z\1 dV`mbS1H 7D b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m 1-\,* +mW Z*jSY d+13Sk1YH

5=<

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x161; & ( &

8

b\+m Z1 ]\b1`qbn /`d3+d a 1-\,\yE Z*Y Zd3Z\ ]\YZSbnE V*V aSWnZ\ \Z Z*a Wp+SbD \WnV\ ]\/dY*yO b1E aV\WnV\ ,a1-\ \Z /Wq Z*a a/1W*WD Z ]`\q,SW a,\p Wp+\,nE V\-/* /*W Z*Y ]`1V`*aZdp ]W*Z1bd S d/S,SO b1WnZmy `*abSb1WnZmy S 3S,\bZmy YS`D `\Y1 b\-\E \Z /*W \+SWS1 ,VdaZ\y 1/m S hSab\y ,\/mD 1`14 S+O

WSp 1-\,* a\\+kSW Z*Y \ a,\1Y SY1ZS S \ a,\Sf ]`1O V`*aZmf V*h1ab,*fD \ a*Y\1 g1ZZ\1E hb\ \Z /Wq Z*a a/1W*WEP ob\ ]\aW*W a,\1-\ mZ*E Sada* `Sab*E Z* 41YWpE hb\+m b\b dY1` 4* Z*a L \*ZZ* 7B5:MD W*-\/*`q 31`b,1 Sada* d Z*a ]\q,SW*an Z*/13/* Z* +d/dk11D 9

1-\,* dab*Z\,SW Z* Z1+1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\ P 1aO

aS*ZaV\1 *`ab,\E V\b\`\1 ,aV\`1 dab`*ZSb ,a1 4W\D W*-\/*`q ]`*,W1ZSp *`ab,* ,aq 41YWq ab*Z1b `*O 1YE -/1 Wp/S +d/db 3Sbn ,1hZ\E Z*aW*3/*qan YS`\Y S ah*abn1Y L a*W\Y 7;B6=MD *V31 1-\,* ]`\q,Wq1b WpO +\,nE V\-/* 4*+\bSbaq \ V*3/\Y S4 Z*a , \b/1WnZ\abSD Z dV*4m,*1b Z*Y a*Ymy WdhjSy ]dbn 3S4ZS S \+1O k*1bE hb\ ,a1-/* +d/1b aWdj*bn Z*jS Y\WSb,mD :

*V Y\3Z\ \b,1bSbn Z* Wp+\,n 1-\,mH W*-\/*O

`Sb1 1-\ 4* ,a1E hb\ \Z /Wq ,*a /1W*1bD a\3*W1ZSpE YZ\-S1 a1-\/Zq Z1+W*-\/*`ZmD *V*q 31 aSbd*gSq +mO W* S ,\ ,`1Y1Z* Sada* `Sab*D /Z*3/mE V\-/* Sada

Sag1WSW /1aqb1`mf ]`\V*31ZZmfE b\WnV\ \/SZ ,1`O ZdWaqE hb\+m ]\+W*-\/*`Sbn 1-\ L dVS 5;B56P5;MD Ë&#x2122;*,*yO b1 31 ZSV\-/* Z1 +d/1Y 4*+m,*bn +W*-\/*`Sbn 1-\,dI ;

\b,1b Z* Wp+\,n \-* Z*Y b\31 Zd3Z\ 1-\ WpO

8E 9D h1Y ]`\q,Wq1baq Wp+\,n 1-\,m V Z*YH :D b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bn , \b,1b Z* Wp+\,n 1-\,mH ;D *V Zd3Z\ Wp+Sbn 1-\,dH

˚ ˚ ˚ ˙ ˝ ˚ •

5==

+SbnD Sada aV*4*W a,\SY dh1ZSV*YE hb\ 1-\,d Zd3O Z\ Wp+Sbn ,a1Y a1`/g1YE ,a1y /dj\y S ,a1Y `*4dY\YD L `\hSb*yb1 *be1q 66B7;DM b\ ob\ \4Z*h*1bH < ˙\ab*b\hZ\ WS ]`\ab\ -\,\`SbnB w) Wp+Wp 1-\O ,dxH 1bD ˚aWS Ym Wp+SY 1-\,d ,a1Y a1`/g1YE ,a1y /dj\y S ,a1Y `*4dY\YE ob\ /\W3Z\ +mbn ,S/Z\ ]\ Z*O jSY /1W*Y L *be1q ;B5:P6>MD S+WSS qaZ\ -\,\`SbO aqE hb\ 1aWS Ym Wp+SY \-*E b\ +d/1Y aWdj*bnaq 1-\ 4*]\,1/1yD ˙1W*bn ob\ Z1aW\3Z\E ,1/n w1-\ 4*]\,1/S Z1 \+`1Y1ZSb1WnZmxD L `\hSb*yb1 5 \*ZZ* 9B7DM = ˚aWS Ym aWdj*1Yaq 1-\,dE Z*j* 3S4Zn +d/1b ah*abWS,\y L a*Sq 8<B5;E 5<MD \ hb\ Z*Y ]\Y\31b Z1 ]\b1`qbn /`d3+d a 1-\,\yH ˙*,*yb1 d4Z*1YD

˚ )• ˚ ˙ ˝ ˚

• 5>

\YZSb1 WS ,mE V*V Z*h*W*an ,*j* /`d3+* a

1-\,\yH m ab*WS S4dh*bn S+WSpE d4Z*,*WS \ \O

-1 ,a1 +\Wnj1 S +\Wnj1 S ]\b\Y 4*f\b1WS a ZSY /`dO

3SbnD ˙`d3+* a \-\Y P V*V V\ab1`E , V\b\`my Zd3Z\

,a1 ,`1Yq ]\/+`*am,*bn /`\,*D ˚aWS ,m f\bSb1E hb\O

+m ob\b wV\ab1`x Z1 ]\bdfE ]`\/\W3*yb1 S /*Wnj1 ]\O Wdh*bn 4Z*ZSq \+ 1-\,1 L `SbhS 6B5P9MD 55 S+W1yaVS1 SabSZmE V\b\`m1 ,m +d/1b1 d4Z*,*bnE \+q4*b1WnZ\ 4*b`\Zdb ,*j1 a1`/g1D \ 31 a*Y\1 \/O Z*3/m ]\hd,ab,\,*WS /,* dh1ZSV* Sada*E V\-/* \Z `*4lqaZSW SY +S+W1yaVS1 ]`\`\h1ab,*E V\b\`m1 \bO Z\aSWSan V Z1YdD \b hb\ \ZS aV*4*WSB w *4,1 Z1 -\`1O WS Z*jS a1`/g*E V\-/* \Z -\,\`SW a Z*YS ]\ /\`\-1 S ]\/`\+Z\ \+lqaZqW Z*Y Sa*ZSqHx L dVS 68B76MD <E =D *V Ym Y\31Y ]\V*4*bn 1-\,1E hb\ Wp+SY 1-\H 5>D \h1Yd Zd3Z\ ]`\/\W3*bn d4Z*,*bn \+ 1-\,1H 55D *V +S+W1yaVS1 SabSZm +d/db ,WSqbn Z* ,*aH

6>>

Ë&#x161; )H

56

b\ 31 b*V 4*b`\ZdW\ dh1ZSV\, Sada*H \E hb\ \ZS ]\ZqWS Z1V\b\`m1 Y1ab* S4 Sa*ZSqD \-/* ,m ab*WS ]\ZSY*bn S+WSpE ,mE Z*,1`ZqV*E b\31 ]\hd,O ab,\,*WS \-`\YZdp `*/\abnD 'b\ ]\+d/SW\ ,*a +WS31 ]\4Z*V\YSbnaq a 1-\,\y S ]\Wp+Sbn 1-\D \ Wp+\,n V \-d Y\31b \abmbnE S ,mE V\Z1hZ\E Z1 f\b1WS +m ob\O -\ L *be1q 68B56MD 57

\bq ,m d31 ab*WS /`d-\Y \-*E Z1\+f\/SY\ ]`\O /\W3*bn dV`1]Wqbn obS \bZ\j1ZSqD 4Z*,*yb1 S /*WnO j1 \ \-1 S \+ Sada1 `Sab1 S `*4YmjWqyb1 \ b\YE

hb\ d4Z*1b1D dabn obS 4Z*ZSq ,WSqpb Z* ,*jd 3S4Zn L \*ZZ* 5;B7MD \-/* ,m S4dh*1b1 SWS ]`\ab\ hSb*1O b1 S+WSpE a]`*jS,*yb1 a1+qB w b\ q d4Z*W \+ 1-\O ,1H \h1Yd \Z /\ab\SZ b\-\E hb\+m q Wp+SW 1-\ ,a1Y a1`/g1Y S /dj\yHx L5 SY\e1p 8B59MD 56E 57D *M b\ Y\31b ]`\S4\ybS a Wp+\,np V \-dH +M b\ ]\Y\31b Z*Y Z1 ]\b1`qbn Wp+\,n V \-dH

Ë&#x2122;`d3+* a \-\Y P V*V V\ab1`E V\b\`my ]\bdfZ1bE 1aWS , Z1-\ Z1 ]\/+`*am,*bn /`\,*

˚ ˚ ˚ ˙ ˝ ˚ •

6>5

58

b\ \bWSh*1b +WS4VSf /`d41yH \E hb\ \ZS h*ab\ \+k*pbaqD +k1ZS1 /1W*1b Sf /`d3+d V`1]h1D \/\+O ZmY \+`*4\YE 1aWS Ym ]\ab\qZZ\ \+k*1Yaq a 1-\O ,\yE Y\Wqan 1YdE ob\ dV`1]Wq1b Z*jd /`d3+d a ZSYD L `\hSb*yb1 5 1aa*W\ZSVSyg*Y 9B5;DM \WSbO ,* P ob\ 4*Y1h*b1WnZmy ]\/*`\V Z*j1-\ Z1+1aZ\-\ bg*D *jS Y\WSb,m /\W3Zm +mbn SaV`1ZZSYS L a*O W\Y :6B<MD 1 aW1/d1b ]\,b\`qbn 4*dh1ZZm1 Z*S4dabn Y\WSb,mC Y\WSb1an \b a1`/g*D b*VE hb\+m ,*j* WpO +\,n V 1-\,1 ab*Z\,SW*an aSWnZ11E Zd3Z\ ]`\/\WO 3*bn S4dh*bn S+WSp S SaV`1ZZ1 Y\WSbnaqD

˛% • ˚

˚ ˚ ˙

59

b\+m Z*j* /`d3+* a 1-\,\y Z1 \aW*+1,*W*E

,*3Z\ `*aaV*4m,*bn \ Z1Y /`d-SYD ˙1W*bn ob\ P \-`\YZ*q h1abn L dVS 5B;8MD `\Y1 b\-\E ob\ \+q4*ZO Z\abnE V\b\`dp `Sab\a ,\4W\3SW Z* a,\Sf ]\aW1/\O ,*b1W1yD a1 Ym /\W3Zm ]`\]\,1/\,*bn +W*-dp ,1abn \ *`ab,1 \-*D ˙1W*1b1 WS ,m ob\H L *be1q 68B58C 6<B5=E 6>MD 5: ]\ab\W *,1W /\`\3SW ,\4Y\3Z\abnp dh*ab,\O ,*bn , /1W1 ]`\]\,1/S P \Z Z*4m,*W 1-\ wa\V`\,SO k1Yx L6 \`SZeqZ*Y 8B;MD Z*jS /ZS Z1b ZSh1-\ ,*3O Z11E h1Y `*aaV*4m,*bn /`d-SY \+ 1-\,1 S 1-\ 4*YmaO W1D 'b\ h*abn Z*j1-\ ]\VW\Z1ZSq 1-\,1D \Z \h1Zn g1ZSb ,*jS daSWSq L˚,`1qY :B5>MD h*abS1 , ]`\]\,1O

/S \+q4*b1WnZ\ ]`SZ1a1b ]\Wn4d Z1 b\WnV\ ,*YE Z\ S b1YE Vb\ ,*a aWdj*1bB \ZSE V*V S ,mE a+WS4qbaq a 1-\O ,\y S ]\Wdh*b , Z*-`*/d ,1hZdp 3S4ZnD L `\hSb*yb1

58D *V Y\WSb,* a,q4*Z* a Wp+\,np V 1-\,1H 59E 5:D *V ,m \bZ\aSb1an V /1Wd ]`\]\,1/SH

6>6

Ë&#x161; )H

5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B9<DM `\]\,1/n \ *`ab,1 P /1yO ab,Sb1WnZ\ ab\qk11 /1W\I 5;

m /\W3Zm ]`\]\,1/\,*bn ,1abn \b \-* w+14\bO W*-*b1WnZ\x L6 SY\e1p 8B6MD p/qY Zd3Z\ a`\hZ\ daWmj*bn \ *`ab,1 \-*D S+WSS -\,\`SbaqB w 1O WSVSy /1Zn 1-\,m +WS4\VD Z +WS4\V S \h1Zn a]1O jSbxC \Z wZ1 \]\4/*1bx L \e\ZSq 5B58C ,,*VdY 6B7MD h1Zn aV\`\ 1-\,* dZShb\3Sb 4W\y YS` *b*ZmD

Ym /\W3Zm ]`1/d]`13/*bn \+ ob\Y Wp/1yE hb\+m \ZS da]1WS ]`SZqbn `1j1ZS1 aWd3Sbn 1-\,1D 5<

1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m Ym ]\VW\ZqWSan 1Yd ,Y1O ab1 a /`d-SYS 1-\ aWd3Sb1WqYSD S+WSS -\,\O `SbaqB w d/1Y ,ZSY*b1WnZm /`d- V /`d-dE hb\+m ]\O +d3/*bn V Wp+,S S /\+`mY /1W*YE Z1 \ab*,Wqq Z*jSf a\,Y1abZmf ,ab`1hE V*V ob\ ,\jW\ d Z1V\b\`mf , ]`SO ,mhVdE Z\ \+\/`qq /`d- /`d-*E S b1Y +\W11E h1Y +\W11 ,S/SY ]`S+WS31ZS1 b\-\ /Zqx LË&#x161;,`1qY 5>B68E 69MD d3O

Z\ /1W*bn ,a1 ,\4Y\3Z\1E hb\+m Z1 ]`\]daV*bn ,ab`1O hS a\+`*ZSqE ,1/n SY1ZZ\ Z* ZSf Ym Y\31Y \+\/`qbn S dV`1]Wqbn /`d- /`d-*D

5= \a1k*q ,ab`1hSE ,m Z*y/1b1 f\`\jSf /`d41yE V\b\`m1 +d/db ]\Y\-*bn ,*Y ]`S+WS3*bnaq V 1-\,1D

m ]\4Z*V\YSb1an a `*4ZmYS +`*bnqYS S a1ab`*O YSE V\b\`m1E V*V S ,mE \b ,a1y /djS aWd3*b 1-\,1D \ \ZS b\31 Z1a\,1`j1ZZm S /1W*pb \jS+VSD \oO b\Yd +d/nb1 -\b\,m ]`\k*bnD L `\hSb*yb1 \W\aaqO Z*Y 7B57DM a1-/* /dY*yb1 \ f\`\jSf V*h1ab,*f +`*O 5;D \h1Yd /1W\ ]`\]\,1/S Z1Wn4q \bVW*/m,*bnH 5<D \h1Yd Z*Y Zd3Z\ ]\VW\Zqbnaq 1-\,1 ,Y1ab1 a /`d-SYS 1-\ aWdO 3Sb1WqYSH

5=D b\ ]\Y\31b Z*Y Wp+Sbn +`*bn1, S a1ab1`H

˚ ˚ ˚ ˙ ˝ ˚ •

6>7

bn1, S a1ab1` S4 a\+`*ZSq S ab*`*yb1an Z1 4*Y1h*bn Sf Z1/\ab*bVSD \-/* ,*Y +d/1b W1-h1 Sf Wp+Sbn S ,m ab*Z1b1 +WS31 V 1-\,1D

) ˝ ˛ & 6>

1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m ,a1 1-\ /`d4nq +mWS ah*abWSO ,mD S+WSq dhSbE hb\ , +d/dk1Y Z*j* 3S4Zn +d/1b a\O ,1`j1ZZ\ SZ\yD 65 m +d/1Y 3Sbn ,1hZ\E * Z1 ;>P<> W1bD m +d/1Y 3Sbn , ]`1V`*aZ\Y `*pD Z*a +d/1b S/1*WnZ\1 4/\`\O ,n1D m ZSV\-\ Z1 +d/1Y +\qbnaqD *V\Z1gOb\ Ym ab*O Z1Y ]\SabSZ1 ah*abWS,mYSI Y1ZZ\ b*Vdp 3S4Zn S+O WSq Z*4m,*1b wSabSZZ\y 3S4ZnpxD 1-\,* \+1k*1b ]\O /*`Sbn Z*Y b*Vdp 3S4ZnE Z\ ]`S \/Z\Y daW\,SS P Z*Y

Zd3Z\ wV`1]V\ ,4qbnaqx 4* Z11 L5 SY\e1p :B56E 5=MD 66

b\ \4Z*h*1b wV`1]V\ ,4qbnaq 4* SabSZZdp 3S4ZnxH w˙1W*bn /\+`\x S w+\-*b1bn /\+`mYS /1W*O YSx L5 SY\e1p :B5<MD ˙`d-SYS aW\,*YSE Zd3Z\ ]`SY1O

Zqbn , 3S4ZS b\E hb\ Ym d4Z*1Y S4 S+WSSD /Z*V\ SaO bSZZdp P ,1hZdp P 3S4Zn Z1,\4Y\3Z\ 4*aWd3SbnD 'b\ ]\/*`\V \b 1-\,mE V\b\`my \Z /*`Sb ]\ a,\1y wZ14*aWd31ZZ\y /\+`\b1x L SYWqZ*Y 9B59MD 1 a\YZ1O ,*yb1anB Z1+1aZmy b1g \h1Zn f\h1b ]\/*`Sbn ,1hO Zdp 3S4Zn a,\SY ,1`ZmY aWd3Sb1WqYD 67

]`\aSb1 a1+qB w \VW\Zqpan WS q \-d b*VE V*V

\Z ob\-\ f\h1bHx ˚aWS ,*Y V*31baqE hb\ Zd3Z\ 1k1 hb\Ob\ S4Y1ZSbn , a,\1y 3S4ZSE a/1W*yb1 ob\ ]`qO Y\ a1yh*aD 1-\,* ab*Z1b ,*j1y 4*kSb\yE b\WnV\ 1aWS 6>E 65D b\ b*V\1 wSabSZZ*q 3S4ZnxH 66D *M b\ \4Z*h*1b wV`1]V\ ,4qbnaq 4* SabSZZdp 3S4ZnxH +M \3O Z\ WS 4*aWd3Sbn ,1hZdp 3S4ZnH +lqaZSb1D 67D *V\1 `1j1ZS1 ,*Y Zd3Z\ ]`SZqbnH +lqaZSb1D

6>8

Ë&#x161; )H

,m +d/1b1 aWdj*bnaq 1-\ S /\,1`qbn 1YdD ]\aW1/ZS1 /ZS ob\-\ 4W\-\ YS`* *b*Zm 1-\,* +d/1b \+1`1-*bn a,\Sf ,1`Zmf aWd3Sb1W1y SE V*V S \+1k*WE ]\/*`Sb SY ,1hZdp 3S4Zn , `*pD Ë&#x2122;*E ,m Y\31b1 \+`1abS SaO bSZZdp 3S4ZnI m+\` 4* ,*YSD 1-\,* f\h1bE hb\+m ,m \+`1WS wSabSZZdp 3S4ZnxD b`1YSb1an WS ,m V Z1yH

Ë&#x161; (

w \- Wp+Sb YS` b*V aSWnZ\E hb\ \b/*W a,\1-\ 1/SZ\`\/Z\-\ mZ*E hb\+m V*3/myE Vb\ ]`\q,Wq1b , Z1-\ ,1`dE Z1 ]\-S+E Z\ SY1W ,1hZdp 3S4Znx L \*ZZ* 7B5:MD

h1Y ]`\q,Wq1baq Wp+\,n \-* V Z*YH a*W\Y =5B6 1-\,* P Z*j1 d+13Sk1D Z ]\Y\-*1b Z*Y a]`*,Wqbnaq a b`d/Z\abqYSD a*W\Y 7;B6=

Z /*1b Z*/13/d Z* b\E hb\

,]1`1/S Z*a 3/1b ]`1V`*aZ\1 +d/dk11D

5 SY\e1p :B56E 5= \- /*ab Z*Y ,1hZdp 3S4ZnD Z*a +d/1b S/1*WnZ\1 4/\`\O ,n1D m ZSV\-\ Z1 +d/1Y +\qbnaqD m ab*Z1Y ]\SabSZ1 ah*abWS,mYS S +d/1Y 3Sbn , ]`1V`*aZ\Y `*pD

( Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; w p+S b,\1-\ \-* 1-\,d ,a1Y a1`/g1YE ,a1y /dj\y S ,a1Y `*4dY\Yx L *be1q 66B7;MD

h1Yd ]\+d3/*1b ,*a Wp+\,n V \-dH dVS 5;B56P5;

W*-\/*`Sbn 1-\ 4* ,a1E hb\ \Z /1W*1b /Wq ,*aD

5 \*ZZ* 9B7 Wdj*bnaq \3nSf 4*]\,1/1yD

*be1q ;B5:P6> a]\WZqbn 1-\ ,\WpD

5 SY\e1p :B5< Ë&#x2122;1W*bn /\+`\D

6>:

Ë&#x161; )â&#x20AC;¢ Ë&#x161; ( &

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; w \f`*Zqyb1 a1+q , \3n1y Wp+,Sx L d/m 65MD

b\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m Z1 ]\b1`qbn /`d3+d a 1-\,\yH 5 1aa*W\ZSVSyg*Y 9B5;

*V Y\3Z\ h*k1 Y\WSbnaq 1-\,1D

`SbhS 6B5P9 `\/\W3*bn d4Z*,*bn \+ 1-\,1D

*be1q 6<B5=E 6>C 6 SY\e1p 8B6 `S Wp+\y ,\4Y\3Z\abS `*aaV*4m,*bn /`d-SY \ *`ab,1 \-*D

Ë&#x161;,`1qY 5>B68E 69 1-dWq`Z\ ]\a1k*bn ,ab`1hS

a\+`*ZSqD `*bnq S a1ab`m ]\Y\-db ,*Y ]`S+WS3*bnaq V 1-\,1D

5

Ë&#x161;

Yq \-* P 1-\,*D 'b\ SYq \4Z*h*1b w Z /*1b ab*Z\,SbnO aqxD 1-\,* P ,a1Y\-dkSy \-E \Z \4/*b1Wn ,a1-\D Z

a]\a\+1Z \adk1ab,Sbn ,a1E hb\ 4*/dY*WD

* /`1,Z11,`1yaV\Y q4mV1 ob\ SYq a\ab\Sb S4 h1bm`1f +dV,D `daaV\Y q4mV1 SY a\\b,1bab,dpb +dV,m â&#x20AC;¢ SWS D \`S-SZ*WnZ\Y 1,`1yaV\Y b1Vab1 S+WSS SYq \-* ,ab`1h*1baq ; >>> `*4D `*4Zmf ab`*Z*f Sa]\Wn4dpb `*4O Zm1 ,*`S*Zbm SY1ZS w 1-\,*xC ]`\S4Z\j1ZS1 4*,SaSb \b q4mV*D * W*,* 5E *+4*g 59

6

) Ë&#x2122;

Ë&#x161;

\bq S+WSp ]Sa*WS Wp/SE 11 *,b\` P \-D 'b\ b*V 31E V*V 1aWS +m Z*h*WnZSV ]\]`\aSW a1V`1b*`q Z*]Sa*bn ]SanY\D ob\Y ]SanY1 +mWS +m YmaWS Z*h*WnZSV*E * Z1 a1V`1b*`qD

\ 31 Y\3Z\ aV*4*bn S \ S+WSS P , Z1y 4*]Sa*Zm YmaWS

\-*D 1E Vb\ 11 ]Sa*WE /1W*WS ob\ ]\/ /1yab,S1Y 1-\ a,qO b\-\ /df*D \- ]1`1/*,*W ,1abS ]\O`*4Z\YdB Z*]`SY1`E \Z Y\- /*bn h1W\,1Vd ,S/1ZS1 SWS a\ZE V\b\`m1 b\b ]\b\Y 4*O ]Sam,*WD * W*,* 6E *+4*g 9

7

S+W1yaVSy ]`SZgS] P ob\ db,1`3/1ZS1E , \aZ\,1 V\b\`\O -\ W13Sb V*V*qOb\ \aZ\,\]\W*-*pk*q SabSZ*D *]`SY1`E , +S+W1yaV\Y ]`SZgS]1 w W\f\1 \+k1ZS1 ]\`bSb ]\W14O Zm1 ]`S,mhVSx 4*W\31Z* b*V*q SabSZ*B b1E a V1Y Ym \+k*O 1Yaq ,WSqpb Z* Z*a L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B77MD ]`SZgS] w b\

]\a11b h1W\,1VE b\ S ]\3Z1bx a\/1`3Sb YmaWn \ b\YE hb\ h1W\,1V ZSV*V Z1 Y\31b S4+13*bn ]\aW1/ab,Sy a,\Sf ]\O abd]V\, L *W*b*Y :B;MD * W*,* 6E *+4*g 56

6><

8

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x161;

`\`\h1ab,\ P ob\ ]\aW*ZS1 \b \-*E V\b\`\1 ]`\qaZq1b 1-\ ,\Wp S Y\31b ]`1/ab*,Wqbn a\+\y Z*ab*,W1ZS1E ]\,1O W1ZS1 SWS ad/1+Z\1 `1j1ZS1D 1V\b\`m1 ]`\`\h1ab,* P

ob\ ]`1/aV*4*ZSq b\-\E hb\ ]`\S4\y/1b , +d/dk1YD Z\-S1 +S+W1yaVS1 ]`\`\h1ab,* d31 Sa]\WZSWSanD * W*,* 6E *+4*g 57

9

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Z\-\hSaW1ZZm1 +S+W1yaVS1 ]`\`\h1ab,* \ 1aaSS SaO ]\WZSWSan Z* Sada1 `Sab1D Y\b`Sb1 `*YVd w `\`\h1O ab,* \ 1aaSSxD * W*,* 6E *+4*g 5;E aZ\aV*

:

Ë&#x203A; % Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; %

"Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x203A;Ë&#x161;

1-\,* a\4/*W 41YWp /Wq \]`1/1W1ZZ\y g1WSB \Z f\b1WE hb\+m \Z* ab*W* `*1Y S hb\+m Z* Z1y 3SWS Wp/SE V\b\`m1 1-\ Wp+qbD Ë&#x203A;*Yma1W \-* Z1 S4Y1ZSWaqD V\`\ \Z dab`*ZSb

,a1 4W\ S ]\/*`Sb Wp/qY ,1hZdp 3S4ZnD * W*,* 7E *+4*g 5

;

Ë&#x2122;&)

*b*Z* P ob\ *Z-1WE V\b\`my +mW ]1`,mYE Vb\ ,\aab*W ]`\bS, \-*D Z Z*4,*Z *b*Z\yE hb\ \4Z*h*1b w]`\bS,O ZSVxE ]\b\Yd hb\ \Z ]`\bS,Sbaq 1-\,1D *V31 \Z Z*4,*Z Ë&#x2122;nq,\W\YE hb\ \4Z*h*1b wVW1,1bZSVxE ]\b\Yd hb\ \Z -\,\O `Sb W\3n \ \-1 S \+Y*Zm,*1b Wp/1yD * W*,* 7E *+4*g 8

% Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

d/1b S4 ]W1Y1ZS d/m

mbS1 8=B5>

dVS 7B67P77

\/Sbaq \b /1,ab,1ZZSgm

a*Sq ;B58

*be1q 5B5<P69

d/1b ]\b\YV\Y g*`q Ë&#x2122;*,S/*

a*Sq =B;

*be1q 5B5E :P5;

a*W\Y 6B;

*be1q 7B5;

Z\-S1 Z1 ]\,1`qb , b\E hb\ \Z \+1k*ZZmy 1aaSq

a*Sq 97B5

\*ZZ* 56B7;E 7<

l1/1b , 1`da*WSY

Z* \aW1ZV1

Ë&#x203A;*f*`Sq =B=

*be1q 65B5P=

Ë&#x161;-\ ]`1/*ab +WS4VSy /`d-

a*W\Y 85B=

\*ZZ* 57B5<E 65P7>

d/1b ]`1/*Z 4* 7> a1`1+`qZmf Y\Z1b

Ë&#x203A;*f*`Sq 55B56

*be1q 6:B58P5:

\b,1b Z* \+,SZ1ZSq Z* ad/1 +d/1b Y\Wh*bn

a*Sq 97B;

*be1q 6;B55P58

Ë&#x161;-\ \/13/d `*4/1Wqb ]\ 3`1+Sp

a*W\Y 66B5<

*be1q 6;B79

\ ,`1Yq 1-\ V*4ZS Z* ab\W+1 Ydh1ZSy Z*/ ZSY +d/db aY1qbnaq

a*W\Y 66B;E <

*be1q 6;B7=P87

S \/Z* 1-\ V\abn Z1 +d/1b ]1`1W\YW1Z*

a*W\Y 78B6>

\*ZZ* 5=B77E 7:

d/1b ]\f\`\Z1Z a +\-*bmYS

a*Sq 97B=

*be1q 6;B9;P:>

\aV`1aZ1b

a*W\Y 5:B5>

Ë&#x2122;1qZSq 6B68E 6;

a*W\Y 55>B5

Ë&#x2122;1qZSq ;B99E 9:

1-\,* a*Y aV*31b \ Z1YE hb\ ob\ 1-\ mZ

d/1b ,\aV`1j1Z V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1E -/1 aq/1b ]\ ]`*,dp `dVd \b \-*

65>

<

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x161; %

Ë&#x161;k1 4*/\W-\ /\ a\b,\`1ZSq 41YWS 1-\,* a\4/*W +\W11 ab* YSWWS\Z\, *Z-1W\, LË&#x2122;*ZSSW ;B5>MD ZS /\W3Zm +mWS

3Sbn Z* Z1+1D V*3/\-\ S4 ZSf a,\1 SYq S a,\y f*`*Vb1`D * Z1+1 \ZS 4*ZSY*pb `*4Z\1 ]\W\31ZS1D \aV\WnVd ,1`O Zm1 \-d *Z-1Wm aYS`1ZZmE \ZS Z1 ]`SZSY*pb ]\VW\Z1ZSq \b Wp/1yD Z-1Wm ,m]\WZqpb a*Ym1 `*4WShZm1 4*/*ZSqE Z*]`SY1`B aWd3*b ]1`1/ ]`1ab\W\Y 1-\,mE ]1`1/*pb 1-\ ,1abSE 4*kSk*pb S Z*]`*,Wqpb 1-\ aWd3Sb1W1y Z* 41YW1E ]`S,\/qb , Sa]\WZ1ZS1 1-\ ]`S-\,\`m S ]\//1`3S,*pb /1W\ ]`\]\,1/S L a*W\Y 78B;C bV`\,1ZS1 58B:C 66B<E =MD +d/dk1Y ,\ ,`1Yq ,\yZm `Y*-1//\Z \ZS +d/db ,\1,*bn Z* ab\`\Z1 Sada* `Sab* L bV`\,1ZS1 5:B58E 5:C 5=B58E 59MD * W*,* 7E *+4*g 9C -W*,* 5>E *+4*g 5

=

Ë&#x161;

`1f P ob\ Wp+\1 hd,ab,\E YmaWn SWS ]\abd]\VE V\O b\`m1 ]`\bS,\`1h*b ,\W1 1-\,mD \aV\WnVd -`1f `*4`dO j*1b Z*jS \bZ\j1ZSq a \-\YE \- /*W 4*V\Zm S ]`SZgSO â&#x20AC;¹ ]mE V\b\`m1 ]\Y\-WS Z*Y ]\ZqbnE hb\ \Z ahSb*1b -`1f\YD

\+Wp/*q SfE Ym S4+1-*1Y -`1f\,D 4Z*h*WnZ\ ,a1E hb\ 1-\,* a\4/*WE +mW\ a\,1`j1ZZmYE \/Z*V\ /*Y S Ë&#x161;,*E a\4Z*b1WnZ\ Z1 ]\aWdj*,jSan 1-\,dE a\-`1jSWS S ]1`1O ab*WS +mbn a\,1`j1ZZmYSD 4O4* ob\-\ \ZS a\ab*`SWSan S dY1`WSD *V V*V ,a1Y Wp/qY \b /*Y* ]1`1/*Waq -`1fE ,a1 Ym ab*`11Y S dYS`*1YD * W*,* 7E *+4*g ;C -W*,* 9E *+4*g 7

5>

Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x2122;

\yZ*E , V\b\`\y \- dZShb\3Sb YS` *b*Zm S ,a1 4W\D * W*,* 7E *+4*g 57C -W*,* <E *+4*g 5<

Ë?Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

55

655

*`ab,\ \-* P ob\ ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\E V\b\`\1 1-\,* dab*O Z\,SW Z* Z1+1D Ë&#x161;-\ g*`n P Sada `Sab\aD +d/dk1Y a ]\O

Y\knp ob\-\ *`ab,* 1-\,* dab`*ZSb ,a1 4W\D *`ab,\

\-* +d/1b ]`*,Sbn ,a1y 41YW1yD * W*,* 7E *+4*g 58

56

Sada P a*Y\1 ]1`,\1 a\4/*ZS1 \-*D 1-\,* ]\aW*W 1-\ Z* 41YWpE hb\+m \Z dY1` 4* Wp/1yD Sada* d+SWSE S 1-\O ,* 1-\ ,\aV`1aSWD 1yh*a Sada `Sab\a P *`nE \Z ]`*O ,Sb Z* Z1+1 , \3n1Y *`ab,1D * W*,* 8E *+4*g 6

57

Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; ) Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; )

S+WSS +mW\ ]`1/aV*4*Z\ b\hZ\1 ,`1YqE V\-/* Z* 41YWp

]`S/1b 1aaSqD 'b\ /\W3Z\ +mW\ ]`\S4\ybS , V\Zg1 ]1`SO \/* ]`\/\W3Sb1WnZ\abnp := wZ1/1WnxE V\b\`my Z*h*Waq , 899 -\/d /\ ZD oD S 4*V\ZhSWaq , 6= -\/d ZD oD bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ 1aaSq /\W31Z +mW ]\q,Sbnaq SY1ZO Z\ , 6= -\/d ZD oDH := wZ1/1WnxE \ V\b\`mf d]\YSZ*W\an `*Z11E Z*h*WSan , 899 -\/d /\ ZD oDE V\-/* , `*4`dj1ZZmy 1`da*WSY ]`S1f*W 11YSq S ab*W 1-\ ,\aab*Z*,WS,*bn LË&#x2122;*ZSSW =B69C 11YSq 6B5E 9P<MD \hZ\ b*V 31 V*V aW\,\ wadbVSx *aa\gSS`d1baq a hSaW\Y 68E aW\,\ wZ1/1Wqx *aO a\gSS`d1baq a hSaW\Y ;D a\\b,1bab,SS a ]`\`\h1aVSY ]`*,SW\Y w/1Zn 4* -\/xE wZ1/1WSxE \ V\b\`mf -\,\`Sbaq , ]`\`\h1ab,1 \ 1aaSSE a\ab\qb Z1 S4 a1YS /Z1yE * S4 a1YS W1b L SaW* 58B78C 141VSSWn 8B:MD *VSY \+`*4\YE 1aWS V*3/*q wZ1/1Wqx /WSbaq a1Yn W1bE := wZ1/1Wnx +d/db `*,O Zm 8<7 -\/*Y L:= x ;MD bahSb*, 8<7 -\/* \b 899 -\/* /\

ZD oDE Ym ]`S/1Y V 6= -\/d ZD oD Y1ZZ\ , ob\Y -\/d Sada V`1abSWaq S ab*W 1aaS1y L dVS 7B5E 6E 65E 66MD

656

Ë&#x161; )H

]`\`\h1ab,1 \ ]`Sf\/1 1aaSS b*V31 \]Sam,*WSan a\O

+mbSq 1k1 \/Z\y P aW1/dpk1y P wZ1/1WSxE V\b\`*q b\31 ]`\/WSbaq a1Yn W1bD \-W*aZ\ ]`\`\h1ab,dE , a1`1/SZ1 ob\-\ ]1`S\/* +d/1b d+Sb 1aaSqE hb\ S aWdhSW\an , 77 -\O /d ZD oD V\-/* , 7: -\/d ZD oD ob\b ]1`S\/ 4*V\ZhSbaqE +W*O

-*q ,1abn \ *`ab,1 \-* Z*hZ1b ,\4,1k*bnaq Z1 b\WnV\ 1,`1qYE Z\ S ,a1Y Z*`\/*Y LË&#x2122;*ZSSW =B68P6;MD * W*,* 8E *+4*g ;

w Ë&#x161; &Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; ) Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122;Ë&#x161; &x 8=> W1b

; Z1/1Wn

:6 Z1/1WS

5 Z1/1Wq

L8= W1bM

L878 -\/*M

L; W1bM

899

8>:

' /\ ZD oD ZD oD *

6=

77

7:

\q,Wq1baq 1aaSq

w \,1W1ZS1 ,\aab*Z\,SbnDDD

1`da*WSYx

1aaSq wd+Sbx

1`da*WSY \bab`\1Z

\Z1g wa1YS/1aqbS Z1/1Wnx

˝˚ ˚

58

657

˝ ˚ ˚ ˚

˚

S+WSq dhSbE hb\ ,\`1g ,a1-\ P \- 1-\,*E * Sada `SO ab\a +mW 1-\ ]1`,mY b,\`1ZS1Y L \W\aaqZ*Y 5B59E 5:MD SO ada Z1 q,Wq1baq a1Y\-dkSY \-\YD Z ZSV\-/* Z1 -\,\O `SWE hb\ `*,1Z \-dE Z*]`\bS,E \Z db,1`3/*WB w b1g +\Wnj1 Y1Zqx L \*ZZ* 58B6<C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B6<MD /Z*O V\ Z1V\b\`m1 `1WS-SS db,1`3/*pbE hb\ \- P ob\ `\SO g*E b\ 1abn b`S WShZ\abS , \/Z\yD \-W*aZ\ ob\Yd dh1ZSpE b1gE mZ S a,qb\y /df P ob\ \/Z* WShZ\abnD \ , S+WSS Z1b aW\,* w `\Sg*xD h1ZS1 \ `\Sg1 W\3Z\1D ,qb\y /df P ob\ aSW*E a ]\Y\knp V\b\`\y \- Sa]\WZqO 1b a,\p ,\WpD \b V*V , S+WSS \]Sam,*pbaq ]`\q,W1O ZSq ob\y aSWmD f`SabS*Z*f ]1`,\-\ ,1V* +mW\ aV*4*Z\E hb\ \ZS wSa]\WZSWSan a,qb\-\ /df*xD *V31 1-\,* aV*O 4*WB w) S4\Wnp \b a,\1-\ /df* Z* ,aqVdp ]W\bnx L˙1qZSq 6B5P8E 5;MD ˛Z*hSbE a,qb\y /df P Z1 WShZ\abnD * W*,* 8E *+4*g 56C -W*,* 59E *+4*g 5;

59

˚

\h1Yd SabSZZm1 f`SabS*Z1 Z1 Sa]\Wn4dpb V`1ab , ]\O VW\Z1ZSS \-dH 5M ˙\W-\1 ,`1Yq V`1ab V*V aSY,\W Sa]\Wn4\,*Waq b\WnO V\ , W\3Z\y `1WS-SSD /`1,Z\abS V`1ab S-`*W ,*3Zdp `\Wn , ]\VW\Z1ZSS aSW*Y ]`S`\/m S , +14Z`*,ab,1ZZmf q4mh1aVSf \+`q/*fD 1`,m1 7>> W1b ]\aW1 aY1`bS `Sab* 1-\ ]\aW1/\,*b1WS Z1 ]\hSb*WS V`1abD \4/Z11 ,\ ,`1O Y1Z* ]`*,W1ZSq `SYaV\-\ SY]1`*b\`* \Zab*ZbSZ* V`1ab ab*W aSY,\W\Y f`SabS*Zab,*D *VSY \+`*4\Y SY]1`*b\` f\b1W a/1W*bn f`SabS*Zab,\ +\W11 ]`S,W1V*b1WnZmYD /O Z*V\ V`1ab Z1 SY1W ZSV*V\-\ \bZ\j1ZSq V Sadad `SabdD w \,\y V*b\WSh1aV\y oZgSVW\]1/SSx -\,\`SbaqB w `1ab ]`Sadbab,d1b , /\f`SabS*ZaV\y S , Z1f`SabS*ZaV\y VdWnO bd`1xD

658

Ë&#x161; )H

6M Sada dY1` Z1 Z* V`1ab1D aZ\,Z\1 4Z*h1ZS1 -`1h1aV\O

-\ aW\,*E ]1`1,1/1ZZ\-\ V*V wV`1abxEP ob\ wab\W+xE w+`1,Z\x SWS w/1`1,\xD \/Z\Y b`d/1 -\,\`SbaqB w -`1O h1aV\Y b1Vab1 \,\-\ Ë&#x203A; *,1b* Z1b ZSV*VSf dV*4*ZSy Z* b\E hb\ ob\ +mWS /,* +`1,Z*x LThe Companion BibleMD SO ada* V*4ZSWS Z* ,1`bSV*WnZ\Y ab\W+1D 7M 1-\,* Z1 f\h1bE hb\+m Ym , ]\VW\Z1ZSS Sa]\Wn4\,*O WS V*VS1OWS+\ S4\+`*31ZSq SWS aSY,\Wm L af\/ 6>B8E 9C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 5>B58MD * W*,* 9E *+4*g 56

5:

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; )

)

Sada `Sab\a ]\,1W1W a,\SY dh1ZSV*Y \bY1h*bn 1h1`p ,\a]\YSZ*ZSq 1-\ aY1`bSD Z* \bY1h*1baq 58 ZSa*Z* P , /1ZnE V\-/* S4`*SWnbqZ1 ]`*4/Z\,*WS *afdD \ ,`1Yq 1O h1`S ]`Sadbab,dpkS1 ]1`1/*pb /`d- /`d-d fW1+ S ,SZ\E V\b\`m1 aSY,\WS4S`dpb b1W\ S V`\,n `Sab*D Ë&#x161;/qb fW1+ S ]npb ,SZ\ b\WnV\ b1E Vb\ +d/1b ]`*,Sbn a Sada\Y Z* Z1+1D

1 31E Vb\ Z*/1pbaq ,1hZ\ 3Sbn Z* 41YW1E ]`\ab\ ]`SadbO ab,dpb Z* ob\y ,ab`1h1D ZS a d,*31ZS1Y Z*+Wp/*pb 4* ]`\Saf\/qkSYE Z\ Z1 1/qb fW1+ S Z1 ]npb ,SZ\D * W*,* 9E *+4*g 65

5;

Ë&#x2122; "

w 1`1,\/1 Z\,\-\ YS`*x Z* `daaV\Y q4mV1 aW\,\ w/dO j*x \]Sam,*1bB 5M h1W\,1V*E 6M 3S,\bZ\1 SWS 7M 3S4Zn h1O W\,1V* SWS 3S,\bZ\-\D \b ]`SY1`mB 1W\,1VD w /ZS \qDDD Z1YZ\-S1E b\ 1abn ,\a1Yn /djE +mO WS a]*a1Zm h1`14 ,\/mx L5 1b`* 7B6>MD Ë&#x203A;/1an ]\/ aW\,\Y w/dj*x ]\/`*4dY1,*pbaq Wp/S P \yE 1-\ 31Z*E b`\1 amO

Z\,1y \q S Sf 31ZmD Ë?S,\bZ\1D w aV*4*W \-B t dabn ,\/m 4*VSj*b YZ\31O

ab,\Y 3S,mf /dj S ]dabn Z*/ 41YW1y ]\ Z1+1aZ\Yd

˝˚ ˚

659

]`\ab`*Zab,d ]\W1bqb W1b*pkS1 a\4/*ZSqrD aV*4*W \-B

t dabn 41YWq ]`\S4,1/1b 3S,mf /dj ]\ Sf `\/*YB /\Y*jO Z11 3S,\bZ\1E ,aqV\1 /,S-*pk11aq 3S,\bZ\1 S 41YZ\-\ 4,1`q ]\ 1-\ `\/drD ab*W\ b*Vx L mbS1 5B6>E 68MD ˝S4Zn h1W\,1V* SWS 3S,\bZ\-\D 1-\,* aV*4*W \Sa1pB w a1E Vb\ \f\bSWaq 4* b,\1y /dj\yE dY1`WSx L af\/ 8B5=MD

\-/* Sada +mW Z* 41YW1E \Z aV*4*WB w) P /\+`my ]*abdfD

˙\+`my ]*abdf \b/*1b a,\p /djd 4* \,1gx L \*ZZ* 5>B55MD W\,\ w/dj*x b*V31 d]\b`1+Wq1baq , a\ab*,1 Z1V\O b\`mf ,m`*31ZSyD *]`SY1`E 1aWS h1W\,1V \f\bZ\ b`d/SbO aqE \b/*,*q ,a1 a,\S aSWmE b\ -\,\`qbE hb\ \Z /1W*1b ob\ w\b ,a1y /djSx L'e1aqZ*Y :B:C \W\aaqZ*Y 7B67MD *V31 aW\,\ w/dj*x Y\31b Sa]\Wn4\,*bnaq ]`S \]Sa*ZSS \]`1O

/1W1ZZmf 31W*ZSy h1W\,1V* SWS 3S,\bZ\-\D m`*31ZS1

wY1`b,*q /dj*x ]`SY1Zq1baq V dY1`j1Yd h1W\,1Vd L SaW* :B:C `SbhS 67B6C a*Sq 9:B55C --1y 6B57MD * W*,* :E *+4*g 9C -W*,* 59E *+4*g 5;

5<

˙

w 1`1,\/1 Z\,\-\ YS`*x Z* `daaV\Y q4mV1 1,`1yO aVS1 S -`1h1aVS1 aW\,*E ]1`1/*ZZm1 aW\,\Y w/dfxE SY1pb `*4Zm1 4Z*h1ZSqD ZS ,a1-/* \]Sam,*pb hb\Ob\ Z1,S/SO Y\1E Z*]`SY1` ,1b1` SWS /mf*ZS1 h1W\,1V* SWS 3S,\bZ\O -\D *V31 \ZS Y\-db \bZ\aSbnaq V /df\,ZmY a\4/*ZSqY SWS V a,qb\Yd /dfdE b\ 1abn V aSW1 \-*D /Z*V\ ZS-/1 , S+WSS Z1 -\,\`SbaqE hb\ /df P ob\ V*V*qOb\ h*abn h1W\,1V*E V\b\O `*q ]\aW1 1-\ aY1`bS ]`\/\W3*1b 3Sbn \b/1WnZ\ \b b1W* L af\/ 79B65C a*W\Y 5>8B6=C *be1q 56B87C dVS 55B57MD * W*,* :E *+4*g 9C -W*,* 59E *+4*g 5;

5=

˚˚

w 11ZZ\yx Z*4m,*WS /\WSZd `q/\Y a 1`da*WSY\YE -/1 a3S-*WS Yda\`D 1b ZSV*VSf \aZ\,*ZSy ahSb*bnE hb\ ,\

,`1Y1Z* Sada* `Sab* b*Y YdhSWS SWS a3S-*WS 3S,n1Y

65:

Ë&#x161; )H

Wp/1y SWS 3S,\bZmfD \ob\Yd , S+WSS ]\ZqbS1 w-11ZZ*x Z1 \4Z*h*1b V*V\1Ob\ Z1,S/SY\1 Y1ab\E -/1 dY1`jS1 Ydh*O pbaq S ,1hZ\ -\`qb , \-Z1D *VSY \+`*4\YE V\-/* Sada -\O ,\`SWE hb\ V\-\Ob\ +`\a*pb , -11ZZdE \Z SY1W , ,S/d \V\ZO h*b1WnZ\1 dZShb\31ZS1 L *be1q 9B66C 5>B6<MD * W*,* ;E *+4*g 6>

6>

w Ë&#x161; "x

'b\ Y\WSb,*E Z* ]`SY1`1 V\b\`\y Sada ]\V*4*W a,\SY dh1ZSV*YE V*V aW1/d1b Y\WSbnaqD Z* b*V31 Z*4m,*1baq w \WSb,* \a]\/ZqxD \b a V*VSYS ]`\an+*YS Y\3Z\ \+O `*bSbnaq V \-dB

w dabn a,qbSbaq b,\1 SYqx

m ]`\aSY 1-\,d \ b\YE hb\+m \Z \hSabSW a,\1 SYqE SWS `1]db*gSpE \b ,aqV\y W3SE ,1/n b\-/* ,a1 +d/db -Wd+\V\ d,*3*bn \3n1 SYq P +d/n b\ Z* Z1+1 SWS Z* 41YW1D

w dabn ]`S/1b b,\1 g*`ab,\x

m ]`\aSY \ b\YE hb\+m \3n1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\ dZShb\3SO

W\ 4W\y YS` *b*ZmE ab*W\ ]`*,Sbn ,a1y 41YW1y S ]`1,`*O

bSW\ 11 , `*yD w dabn b,\q ,\Wq +d/1b S Z* 41YW1x

m ]`\aSY \ b\YE hb\+m Sa]\WZSWaq \3Sy 4*Yma1W , \bZ\j1ZSS 41YWS S a\,1`j1ZZm1E ]\aWdjZm1 \-d Wp/S ,1hZ\ 3SWS , `*pD Y1ZZ\ ob\-\ f\b1W \-E V\-/* a\4/*,*W Wp/1yD * W*,* <E *+4*g 6

65

%

1-\,* ]`1/\ab*,SW ,mVd]E hb\+m a]*abS Wp/1y \b -`1f* S aY1`bSD mVd] P ob\ g1Z*E V\b\`dp Z1\+f\/SY\ +mW\ 4*O ]W*bSbnE hb\+m ,mVd]Sbn a\,1`j1ZZdp h1W\,1h1aVdp 3S4ZnE ]\b1`qZZdp ]1`,mY h1W\,1V\YE /*Y\YD *V31 ,mO Vd] ]\4,\WSW ,\aab*Z\,Sbn \bZ\j1ZSq a \-\YD 1-\,* ]\aW*W Z* 41YWp Sada* `Sab*E hb\+m \Z dY1` 4* ,a1f

Ë?Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

65;

-`1jZSV\,D W*-\/*`q aY1`bS Sada* d Wp/1y ]\q,SW*an ,\4Y\3Z\abn ab*bn a\,1`j1ZZmYS S 3Sbn ,1hZ\D * W*,* <E *+4*g 65C -W*,* =E *+4*g 57

66

5=58 Ë&#x2122; P Ë? ) Ë&#x2122;

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

\-W*aZ\ ]`\`\h1ab,dE 4*]Sa*ZZ\Yd , 8Oy -W*,1 VZS-S Ë&#x2122;*O

ZSSW*E , 5=58 -\/d \- /\W31Z +mW dab*Z\,Sbn a,\1 *`O ab,\D `\`\h1ab,\D 1-\,* /*W g*`p *,df\/\Z\a\`d ]`\O `\h1aVSy a\Z \ +\Wnj\Y /1`1,1E V\b\`\1 +mW\ a`d+W1O

Z\D b\+m \ab*Z\,Sbn `\ab /1`1,* Z* wa1Yn ,`1Y1ZxE Z* ]1Zn +mWS Z*/1bm \V\,m S4 31W14* S Y1/SD \4/Z11 /1`1O ,\ /\W3Z\ +mW\ Z*h*bn `*abS aZ\,* LË&#x2122;*ZSSW 8B5E 5>P5:MD *V ob\ ]`\`\h1ab,\ 4*b`*-S,*1b Z*aH Ë&#x2122;1`1,\ ]`1/O ab*,Wq1b ]`*,W1ZS1 \-*D Ë&#x2122;\W-\1 ,`1Yq \- \adk1ab,WqW a,\p ,W*abn Z*/ Z*`\/\Y 4`*SWn h1`14 g*`1yE V\b\`m1 ]`*,SWS , 1`da*WSY1 L5 1b\]San 6=B67MD \ obS g*`S \V*4*WSan Z1,1`ZmYSE S Sf ]`*,W1ZS1 +mW\ ]`1V`*k1Z\D :>; -\/d /\ ZD oD 1`da*WSY +mW `*4`dj1ZD 'b\ +mW\

Z*h*W\Y wa1YS ,`1Y1Zx L6 *`1y 69B5E <P5>C 141VSSWn 65B69P6;MD \-/* Sada `Sab\a -\,\`SWB w *`\/m +d/db b\]b*bn 1`da*WSYE ]\V* Z1 Sab1Vdb ,`1Y1Z*E Z*4Z*h1ZO

Zm1 Z*`\/*YxE \Z SY1W , ,S/d b1 a*Ym1 wa1Yn ,`1Y1Zx L dVS 65B68MD \ob\Yd Y\3Z\ db,1`3/*bnE hb\E V\-/* Sada

+mW Z* 41YW1E wa1Yn ,`1Y1Zx 1k1 Z1 4*V\ZhSWSanD 1-\,*

\+1k*WE hb\ , V\Zg1 wa1YS ,`1Y1Zx ,Z\,n ]\ab*,Sb a,\1O -\ g*`qD `*,W1ZS1 ob\-\ g*`qE V\b\`mY ab*W Sada `SO ab\aE +d/1b ,1hZ\ ]`SZ\aSbn +W*-\aW\,1ZSq Z*`\/d \-* ]\ ,a1y 41YW1 L dVS 5B7>P77MD

*V /\W-\ /WSWSan wa1Yn ,`1Y1ZxH w 1Yn ,`1Y1Zx /WSO WSan 6 96> W1bD Ë&#x161;aWS \bahSb*bn 6 96> W1b \b :>; -\/* /\

ZD oDE Ym ]`S/1Y V 5=58 -\/dD ob\Y -\/d 1-\,* Z*4Z*hSW

Sada* P 1aaSp P g*`1Y \3n1-\ *`ab,* Z* Z1+1D

65<

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x161;

\Wnj\1 /1`1,\

w `d+Sb1 /1`1,\x

LË&#x2122;*ZSSW 8B5>E 55M

LË&#x2122;*ZSSW 8B58M

`*,W1ZS1

`*,W1ZS1 ]`1`,*Z\

Ë&#x203A; Ë&#x161; '

Ë&#x161; H `*,W1ZS1 S4`*SWnaVSf g*`1y

1`da*WSY `*4`dj1ZE ]`*,W1ZS1 S4`*SWnaVSf g*`1y ]`1`,*Z\

Vbq+`n

:>; -\/* /\ ZD oD

65=

˝˚ ˚

w dabn ]`\y/db Z*/

ZSY a1Yn ,`1Y1Zx L˙*ZSSW 8B5:M

w ,\1 g*`ab,\ Z1]`1Y1ZZ\ +d/1b d b1+qx L˙*ZSSW 8B6:M

w 1Yn ,`1Y1Zx

6 96> W1b

/\ ZD oD :>: W1b S 7 Y1aqg*

`*,W1ZS1 ,\aab*Z\,W1Z\

Sada Z*hSZ*1b ]`*,Sbn Z* Z1+1 V*V *`n \3n1-\ *`ab,*

ZD oD 5 =57 W1b S = Y1aqg1,

w *`\/m +d/db b\]b*bn 1`da*WSYE ]\V* Z1 Sab1Vdb ,`1Y1Z*E Z*4Z*h1ZZm1 Z*`\/*Yx L dVS 65B68M

Vbq+`n

5=58 -\/* ZD oD

66>

Ë&#x161; )H

bVd/* ,4qW\an hSaW\ 6 96>H 4 VZS-S bV`\,1ZS1 Y\3Z\ d,S/1bnE hb\ b`S a ]\W\,SZ\y ,`1Y1ZS P ob\ 5 6:>

/Z1y L bV`\,1ZS1 56B:E 58MD Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE wc1Yn ,`1Y1ZxE V\O b\`m1 /Wqbaq , /,* `*4* /\Wnj1E `*,Zm 6 96> /ZqYD Ë&#x161;aO WS ]`SY1ZSbn ]`\`\h1aV\1 ]`*,SW\ w/1Zn 4* -\/xE 6 96> /Z1y +d/db `*,Zm 6 96> -\/*Y L SaW* 58B78C 141VSSWn 8B:MD * W*,* <E *+4*g 67

67

Ë&#x161;

W\,\ w*`f*Z-1Wx \4Z*h*1b w-W*,Zmy *Z-1WxD S+WSS d]\YSZ*1baq b\WnV\ \/SZ *`f*Z-1WD Ë&#x161;-\ SYq Sf*SW LË&#x2122;*O ZSSW 56B5C d/m =MD bV`\,1ZSS 56B; aV*4*Z\B w Sf*SW S 1-\ *Z-1Wm a`*3*O WSan a /`*V\Z\Y S /`*V\Z S 1-\ *Z-1Wm a`*3*WSan a ZSO YSxD 4 ob\-\ abSf* ,S/Z\E hb\ Sf*SW P -W*,* ,\yaV* ,1`Zmf \-d *Z-1W\,D Ë&#x2122;*W11 , bV`\,1ZSS \+ Sada1 `SO ab1 b\31 -\,\`Sbaq V*V \ -W*,1 \3n1-\ ,\yaV*D Ë&#x203A;Z*hSbE

Sf*SW P ob\ S 1abn Sada `Sab\aD Sf*SW P 1k1 \/Z\ SYq Sada* L bV`\,1ZS1 5=B58P5:MD * W*,* =E *+4*g 8

68

Ë&#x161;Ë&#x2122; Ë&#x161; Ë&#x2122;

'b\ \b`14\V ,`1Y1ZS ]1`1/ dZShb\31ZS1Y YS`* *b*ZmD mW\ ]`1/aV*4*Z\E hb\ , ob\ ,`1Yq Z* 41YW1 +d/db ]`\O Saf\/Sbn ,*3Zm1 a\+mbSqD S+WSS ob\b ]1`S\/ b*V31 Z*4m,*1baq w4*,1`j1ZS1Y aSab1Ym ,1k1yx S w,`1Y1Z1Y ]`Sadbab,Sq mZ* h1W\,1h1aV\-\x L *be1q 68B7E 6;E 7;MD w \aW1/ZS1 /ZSx Z*h*WSan , 5=58 -\/dE V\-/* Z* Z1+1 ab*O W\ ]`*,Sbn *`ab,\ \-*D ZS 4*V\Zh*baqE V\-/* ob\ *`O ab,\ dZShb\3Sb YS` *b*Zm , `Y*-1//\Z1 L6 SY\e1p 7B5C 6 1b`* 7B7MD * W*,* =E *+4*g 9

˝˚ ˚

69

665

˚ ˚ ˚

\-/* dY1`jSy ,\4,`*k*1baq V 3S4ZSE ob\ Z*4m,*1baq ,\aV`1a1ZS1YD S+WSS \]Sa*Zm /1,qbn aWdh*1, ,\aV`1O a1ZSqD Y1`jSf ,\aV`1j*WS WnqE ˚WSa1yE Sada `Sab\aE

1b` S *,1WD ZS Y\-WS /1W*bn ob\ b\WnV\ +W*-\/*`q aSO W1 \-*D 1-\,* \+1k*1b ,1`Zdbn V 3S4ZS Z* 41YW1 w]`*O ,1/Zmf S Z1]`*,1/Zmfx L˙1qZSq 68B59MD S+WSS b*V31 -\,\`SbaqE hb\ Z1V\b\`m1 +d/db ,\aV`1j1Zm V 3S4ZS Z* Z1+1D 'bS S4+`*ZZm1 \-\Y Wp/S P ]\Y*4*ZZSVS P +d/db 3Sbn Z* Z1+1 ,Y1ab1 a Sada\Y `Sab\Y L \*ZZ* 9B6<E 6=C 55B69C SWS]]Syg*Y 7B55C bV`\,1ZS1 6>B9E :MD * W*,* =E *+4*g 57

6:

˙˚

˛ L

˛ M

˙1Y\ZS4YE SWS a]S`SbS4YEP ob\ a,q4n a /1Y\Z*YSD pO /S ]mb*pbaq \+k*bnaq a /1Y\Z*YS WS+\ Z*]`qYdpE WSO +\ h1`14 4Z*f*`qE Y1/SdY* SWS oVab`*a1Za*D 1E Vb\ 4*ZSY*pbaq a]S`SbS4Y\YE ,1`qbE hb\ ]\aW1 aY1`bS h1O W\,1V ab*Z\,Sbaq /df\YE a]\a\+ZmY \V*4m,*bn ,WSqZS1 Z* Wp/1yD \ ob\ W\3Z\1 dh1ZS1D +k*bnaq a /1Y\Z*YS Z1]`*,SWnZ\E ]\b\Yd hb\ \ZS ]\+d3/*pb Wp/1y Z1 aWdO j*bnaq \-*D ˙1Y\ZS4Y ,VWph*1b , a1+q *ab`\W\-SpE -*O /*ZS1E Y*-SpE V\W/\,ab,\E ad1,1`SqE \VVdWnbS4Y S ,1`d , a,1`fl1ab1ab,1ZZm1 q,W1ZSqD `\Y1 b\-\E a /1Y\ZS4Y\Y b*V SWS SZ*h1 a,q4*Zm YZ\-S1 ]\f\`\ZZm1 \+mh*SE b*VS1 V*V +/1ZS1 d -`\+*E ]\YSZVSE -\/\,kSZm aY1`bSE ]`SZ1a1O

ZS1 31`b, Y1`b,mY S \+mh*SE a,q4*ZZm1 a\ ,/\,ab,\YD VZS-*fE 3d`Z*W*fE -\`\aV\]*fE eSWnY*f S /*31 ]1aZqf /1Y\ZmE Y*-Sq S a,1`fl1ab1ab,1ZZm1 q,W1ZSq ]`1/ab*,O W1Zm V*V hb\Ob\ +14\+S/Z\1 S ]`S,W1V*b1WnZ\1D mb*qan ,mybS Z* a,q4n a /1Y\Z*YSE Wp/S Z1`1/V\ ]`SZSY*pb Z*`O V\bSVS L *W*b*Y 9B6>C bV`\,1ZS1 65B<MD * W*,* 5>E *+4*g 5>C -W*,* 5:E *+4*g 8

666

6;

Ë&#x161; )H

Ë&#x2122;% Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161; %

1-\,* P a1Y\-dkSy \-E \Z \4/*b1Wn a1W1ZZ\y L bO

V`\,1ZS1 59B7MD \aV\WnVd ,a1 adk1ab,dpk11 ]`SZ*/W1O 3Sb 1YdE d Z1-\ 1abn ]\WZ\1 ]`*,\ ,W*/mh1ab,\,*bn Z*/ ,a1Y L a*W\Y 68B5C a*Sq 8>B65P67C bV`\,1ZS1 8B55MD Z dab*Z\,SW 4*V\ZmE V\b\`mY /\W3Zm ]\/hSZqbnaq ,a1 1-\ b,\`1ZSqD 1-\,* Y\31b Z*/1Wqbn ,W*abnp /`d-SfD m ]\//1`3S,*1Y ,W*/mh1ab,\ 1-\,mE 1aWS Wp+SY 1-\ S aWdj*1Yaq 1-\ L5 1b\]San 6=B55MD * W*,* 55E *+4*g 5>

6<

+\`b P ob\ Z*Y1`1ZZ\1 WSj1ZS1 3S4ZS 1k1 Z1 `\/S,j1O

-\aq `1+1ZV*D 1hn Z1 S/1b \ Z1ah*abZ\Y aWdh*1 SWS \ a*O

Y\]`\S4,\WnZ\Y ,mVS/mj1D Y\Y1Zb* 4*h*bSq `1+1Z\V P ob\ h1W\,1VE * Z1 h*abn \`-*ZS4Y* Y*b1`SD * W*,* 57E *+4*g 9

6=

Ë&#x161; Ë&#x161;

Ë&#x161;

1/SgSZaV*q ]`\g1/d`*E ]`S V\b\`\y , \`-*ZS4Y h1W\,1O

V* ,,\/Sbaq g1WnZ*q V`\,n SWS \/SZ S4 11 h1bm`1f \aZ\,O Zmf V\Y]\Z1Zb\,C ]1`1WS,*bnaq Y\31b WS+\ a\+ab,1ZZ*q V`\,n h1W\,1V*E WS+\ V`\,n V\-\Ob\ /`d-\-\D aZ\,Zm1 V\Y]\Z1Zbm V`\,SB ]W*4Y*E o`Sb`\gSbmE W1yV\gSbmE S b`\Y+\gSbmD * W*,* 57E *+4*g 57

˝˚ ˚

7>

667

˚ ˚

\-W*aZ\ S+WSSE Z*ab*,W1ZS1 S Z*V*4*ZS1 Z1 \/Z\ S b\ 31D *ab*,W1ZS1 ,VWph*1b , a1+q \+dh1ZS1E ,\a]Sb*ZS1 S Sa]`*,W1ZS1D \-/* 1-\,* V\-\Ob\ Z*ab*,Wq1bE \Z ZSV\-O /* Z1 +m,*1b -`d+mY SWS 31ab\VSY L `SbhS 8B5E 6MD Z ]\O

/*1b ]`1V`*aZmy ]`SY1` `\/Sb1WqY , b\YE V*V Z*ab*,Wqbn /1b1yD \3n1 Z*ab*,W1ZS1 ,a1-/* ]`SZ\aSb b\WnV\ ]\Wn4dE ,\b ]\h1Yd Ym Y\31Y /*31 ]\Wp+Sbn Z*ab*,W1ZS1 L `SbO hS 56B5MD 1-\,* Wp+Sb a,\y Z*`\/ S \+dh*1b 1-\D \- Z1 b\WnV\ Sa]`*,Wq1b Z1]`*,SWnZm1 ,4-Wq/m a,\Sf aWd3Sb1O W1yE Z\ S ]\Y\-*1b SY ]1`1ZSY*bn 1-\ ,4-Wq/ Z* ,1kS S ]\O abd]*bn b*VE hb\+m Z1 \-\`h*bn 1-\D *V `\/Sb1WS Y\-db Z*ab*,Wqbn a,\Sf /1b1yH ˙Wq Z*h*W* Z1\+f\/SY\ ]\Y\hn /1bqY ]\ZqbnE ]\h1Yd b*V ,*3Z\ ]\aWdj*ZS1D *V31 `\/SO b1WS /\W3Zm ]`S,S,*bn /1bqY Wp+\,n V 1-\,1 S V 1-\ W\,dE S+WSSE S Z*dhSbn Sf ]\ZSY*bn +S+W1yaVS1 ]`SZO gS]mD * W*,* 58E *+4*g 57

75

˙˚ %

˙1Y\Zm P ob\ Z1,S/SYm1 /df\,Zm1 a\4/*ZSqE \+W*/*pO kS1 a,1`fl1ab1ab,1ZZ\y aSW\yD 'b\ 4Wm1 *Z-1WmD ZS Z1 ]\aWdj*WSan \-* S ab*WS 1-\ ,`*-*YS L mbS1 :B6C d/m :MD ˙1Y\Zm ]`Sa\1/SZSWSan V Yqb13d *b*Zm L b\`\4*V\O ZS1 76B5;C dVS <B7>C ˙1qZSq 5:B5:C *V\,* 6B5=MD * W*,* 5:E *+4*g 8

Ë&#x161;aWS ,m f\bSb1 ]\WdhSbn +\Wnj1 SZe\`Y*gSSE ]\a1bSb1 a*yb www.jw.org/ru SWS \+`*bSb1an V ,S/1b1WqY 1-\,mD