Wp u 201607

Page 1

Š8

34567

) ˙ " ˙ " ˙ ˚•

6 > 5:

34567 Vol. 137, No. 10

S`*3 V*3/\-\ ,m]daV* , `*4Zmf e\`Y*b*fB 9< =<; >>> Ë™\abd]1Z Z* 6:; )Ë›%

No. 4 2016

RUSSIAN

% Ë™ Ëš ËšH

Ë? w b\`\31,*q +*jZqx ]`\O aW*,Wq1b \-* 1-\,d P `*,Sb1Wq a1W1ZZ\yD 'b\b 3d`Z*W db1j*1b WpO /1y +W*-\y ,1abnp \ b\YE hb\ \3n1 Z1+1aZ\1 *`ab,\ ,aV\`1 ]\V\ZhSb a\ ,a1Y 4W\Y S ,aq 41YWq ab*Z1b `*O 1YD Z dV`1]Wq1b ,1`d , Sada* `SO ab*E V\b\`my dY1`E hb\+m Ym Y\-WS \+`1abS ,1hZdp 3S4ZnE S V\b\`my a1yh*a ]`*,Sb V*V *`n \3n1-\ *`ab,*D 'b\b 3d`Z*W S4/*1baq Z1O ]`1`m,Z\ a 5<;= -\/*D Z ]\WSbSh1O aVS Z1yb`*W1Z S ]\WZ\abnp \aZ\,*Z Z* S+WSS

1a]W*bZ\D 'b\ S4/*ZS1 P h*abn ,a1YS`Z\y +S+W1yaV\y ]`\a,1bSO b1WnZ\y /1qb1WnZ\abSE V\b\`*q ]`\,\/Sbaq f`SabS*ZaVSYS ,S/1O b1WqYS 1-\,m S ]\//1`3S,*1baq /\+`\,\WnZmYS ]\31`b,\,*ZSqYS ËšaWS ,m f\bSb1 a/1W*bn ]\31`b,\O ,*ZS1E ]\a1bSb1 a*yb www.jw.org/ru ËšaWS Z1 dV*4*Z\ SZ*h1E +S+W1yaVS1 gSb*bm ,4qbm S4 w ,qk1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSq P 1`1,\/* Z\,\-\ YS`*x

Ë?1W*1b1 WS ,m ]\WdhSbn +\Wnj1 SZe\`Y*gSS SWS f\bSb1E hb\+m a ,*YS ]`\,\/SW\an +1a]W*bZ\1 /\Y*jZ11 S4dh1ZS1 S+WSSH \a1bSb1 a*yb www.jw.org/ru SWS Z*]SjSb1 ]\ \/Z\Yd S4 dV*4*ZZmf ZS31 */`1a\,

\-W*aSb1anE hb\ 1aWS S+WSq P ob\ VZS-* \b \-*E b\ \- /\W31Z +mW 11 a\f`*ZSbnE Z1aY\b`q Z* ,a1 ]\]mbVS ,`*-\, 11 dZShb\3SbnD \b hb\ -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSSB w `*,* ,ma\fW*E g,1b\V 4*,qWE Z\ aW\,\ Z*j1-\ \-* +d/1b adk1ab,\,*bn ,\,1Vx L a*Sq 8>B<MD ob\y a1`SS ab*b1y \+ad3/*1baqE V*V S+WSq /\jW* /\ Z*jSf /Z1yD

S+WSqD *V \Z* /\jW* /\ Z*jSf /Z1y \h1Yd ab\Sb `*4\+`*bnaq 7 \]`1VS ,WSqZSp ,`1Y1ZS 8 \]`1VS ]`\bS,\/1yab,Sp 9 \]`1VS ]\]mbV*Y SaV*4Sbn 11 b1Vab : W*-\/*`q h1Yd S+WSq a\f`*ZSW*an <

• Ëš Ë?Ëš

˛Z*1b1 WS ,mH = \4Y\31Z WS YS` +14 Z*aSWSqH 5> S+WSq Y1Zq1b 3S4Zn

) YZ\-\ `*4 b1`]1W Z1d/*hdE ]`13/1 h1Y aY\]\+1/Sbn a1+q 56

*Y\1 ,*3Z\1 a`*,Z1ZS1 , ,*j1y 3S4ZS 58 b\ -\,\`Sb S+WSqH 5:

The Watchtower (ISSN 0043-1087) Issue 10 July 2016 is published monthly with an additional issue published in January, March, May, July, September, and November. 5 Druck und Verlag: Wachtturm Bibel- und Traktat-Gesellschaft, Selters/Ts., V. i. S. d. P. Manfred Steffensdorfer, Selters/Ts. 5 2016 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. Printed in Germany

s

• ˚ •

˚ % ˙ ˚ ˚• ˚ %

Ë›*]Sa*Zm WS , S+WSS \3nS YmaWSH

r

L Y\b`Sb1 ,VW*/Vd ˚• ˚ ˚ ) ˛ ˚ % ˚• ˚ %M

Ëš Ë?

\h1Yd ab\Sb `*4\+`*bnaq C`1/S a,qk1ZZmf VZS- S+WSq 4*ZSY*1b \a\+\1 Y1ab\D Ë›* ,ap Sab\`Sp ZS \/Z* /`d-*q VZS-* Z1 \V*4m,*W* ab\Wn aSWnZ\-\ ,WSqZSq Z* h1W\,1h1O ab,\D b\ 31 ,`1Yq ZS \/Z* /`d-*q VZS-* Z1 +mW* \+l1Vb\Y b*V\-\ bk*b1WnZ\-\ *Z*WS4* S ]`S/S`O hS,\y V`SbSVSD

*]`SY1`E Z1V\b\`m1 dh1Zm1 a\YZ1,*pbaq , /\ab\,1`Z\abS a\,`1Y1ZZ\y S+WSSD \b YZ1ZS1 \/Z\-\ ]`\e1aa\`* `1WS-S\,1/1ZSqB w \]`\abd -\,\`qE d Z*a Z1b d,1`1ZZ\abS , b\YE hb\ Ym , b\hO Z\abS ,\aab*Z\,SWS b1Vab \`S-SZ*W*D Z*a Z* `dO V*f WSjn ]\WZm1 \jS+\V V\]SSE +\WnjSZab,\ S4 V\b\`mf ]\q,SWSan a]dabq ,1V* ]\aW1 Z*]Sa*ZSq \`S-SZ*W* S a\/1`3*b bmaqhS \bWShSyxD Ë™`d-S1 a\YZ1,*pbaq , /\ab\,1`Z\abS S+WSS S4O4* a,\Sf `1WS-S\4Zmf ,4-Wq/\,D *VE *y4*WdE V\b\`my Z1 +mW f`SabS*ZSZ\YE ,a1-/* -\,\`SWSE hb\E f\bq S+WSq S a,qk1ZZ*q VZS-*E \Z* +mW* S4O Y1Z1Z*D Z /1WSbaqB w Sb\-1 q ab*W a Z1/\,1`S1Y \bZ\aSbnaq V Wp/qYE V\b\`m1 f\b1WS ]\-\,\`Sbn a\ YZ\y \ S+WSSD 1Y +\W11 hb\ d ZSf Z1 +mW\ Z*O ab\qk1y S+WSSE ,1/n 11 S4Y1ZSWSIx \ /1yab,Sb1WnZ\ WS ,*3Z\E /\jW* /\ Z*a S+O WSq , Z1S4Y1ZZ\Y ,S/1 SWS Z1bH \/dY*yb1 ,\b \ h1YB ab*Z1b1 WS ,m /\,1`qbn +S+W1yaVSY \+1O k*ZSqY \ ]`1V`*aZ\Y +d/dk1YE 1aWS Z1S4,1abZ\E SY1WSan WS \ZS , ]1`,\Z*h*WnZ\Y b1Vab1H L SYO WqZ*Y 59B8MD V\-/* ,*Y Zd3Z\ +d/1b ]`SZqbn ,*3Z\1 `1j1ZS1E a,q4*ZZ\1 a `*+\b\yE a1Yn1y SWS ]\VW\Z1ZS1Y \-dE +d/1b1 WS ,m `dV\,\/ab,\O ,*bnaq +S+W1yaVSYS ]`SZgS]*YSE 1aWS a\,`1Y1ZO Z*q S+WSq P ,a1-\ WSjn V\]Sq /`1,Z1-\ b1Vab*E ]\WZ*q \jS+\VH

\bq \`S-SZ*W +S+W1yaV\-\ b1Vab* Z1 a\f`*O ZSWaqE Z*Y /\abd]Zm 1-\ /`1,ZS1 V\]SS P bmaqO hS +S+W1yaVSf `dV\]Sa1yD *V obS `dV\]SaS /\jWS /\ Z*jSf /Z1y Z1aY\b`q Z* ,WSqZS1 ,`1Y1O ZSE ]`\bS,\/1yab,S1 S ]\]mbVS SaV*4Sbn b1VabH V*V b\E hb\ \ZS a\f`*ZSWSanE Y\31b dV`1]Sbn Z*j1 /\,1`S1 V S+WSSE /\abd]Z\y Z*Y a1-\/ZqH b,1bm Z* obS ,\]`\am ,m d4Z*1b1 S4 aW1/dpkSf ab*b1yD

Ĺ 8 6>5:

7

\]`1VS ,WSqZSp ,`1Y1ZS ˛ B *]S`da S ]1`-*Y1Zb +mWS \aZ\,ZmYS ]SahSYS Y*b1`S*W*YS , b1 ,`1Y1Z*E V\-/* S+WSp ]Sa*WS S V\]S`\,*WS \b `dVS L6 SY\e1p 8B57M1D *Vdp \]*aZ\abn ob\ ]`1/ab*,WqW\H *]S`da W1-V\ `,1baqE b1YZ11b S ab*Z\,Sbaq f`d]VSYD w \ ,`1Y1Z1Y \b ]*]S`da* Y\31b \ab*bnaq WSjn aV1W1b S4 ,\W\V\Z S -\`abn ]mWSEP -\,\`qb dh1Zm1O1-S]b\W\-S Sh*`/ *`VSZa\Z S bS,1Z dO S`VSDP *]S`daZmy a,Sb\V Y\31b ]\V`mbnaq ]W1O a1Znp SWS Z*h*bn -ZSbn \b am`\abSD ˚Yd b*V31 Y\O -db d-`\3*bn -`m4dZm S Z*a1V\Ym1E , \a\+1ZZ\abS +1Wm1 Yd`*,nSxD 1V\b\`m1 ]*]S`damE ]\aW1 b\-\ V*V Sf \+Z*`d3SWSE f`*ZSWSan ]`S q`V\Y a,1b1 S ,ma\V\y ,W*3Z\abSE hb\ daV\`SW\ Sf `*4`dj1ZS1D 1`-*Y1Zb Z*YZ\-\ ]`\hZ11 ]*]S`da*E Z\ \Z b\O 31 ]\`bSbaq S4O4* Z1+`13Z\-\ \+`*k1ZSqE ]1`1O ]*/\, b1Y]1`*bd`E am`\abS SWS ]\/ ,\4/1yab,S1Y a,1b*2D *V31 \]*aZ\abn ]`1/ab*,Wqpb Z*a1V\Ym1D \b V*V\y ,m,\/ \bZ\aSb1WnZ\ /`1,ZSf `dV\]SO a1y /1W*1baq , \/Z\y VZS-1B w \E hb\ \ZS dg1W1O WSEP aV\`11 SaVWph1ZS1E h1Y ]`*,SW\x LEveryday 1 *]S`da P ob\ ]SahSy Y*b1`S*WE S4-\b\,W1ZZmy S4 ,\/Z\-\ `*ab1ZSq a b*VSY 31 Z*4,*ZS1YD 1`-*Y1Zb /1W*WS S4 V\3S 3SO ,\bZmfD 2 *]`SY1`E 4*,1`1ZZ*q ]\/]SaqYS ˙1VW*`*gSq Z14*,SaSY\abS " +mW* Z*]Sa*Z* Z* ]1`-*Y1Zb1D 1-\/ZqE a]dabq ]\hbS 69> W1bE 11 b1Vab ,mg,1W S 1/,* `*4WShSYD

Writing in the Graeco-Roman EastMD ˚aWS +m +S+W1yO aVS1 `dV\]SaS a\ ,`1Y1Z1Y SabW1WSE ,1abn S+WSS dY1`W* +m ,Y1ab1 a ZSYSD ) &B \ Sd/1yaV\Yd 4*V\O Zd V*3/my g*`n /\W31Z +mW wa/1W*bn a1+1 V\]Sp 4*V\Z*x P ]1`,mf ]qbS VZS- S+WSS L b\`\4*V\O ZS1 5;B5<MD \W11 b\-\E ]`\e1aaS\Z*WnZm1 ]1`1]SaO hSVS a\4/*WS ab\WnV\ V\]Sy ,qk1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSqE hb\ V I ,1Vd ZD oD Sf Y\3Z\ +mW\ Z*ybS , aSZ*-\-*f Z1 b\WnV\ , 4`*SW1E Z\ /*31 , /*W1V\y *V1/\ZSSI L dVS 8B5:E 5;C ˙1qZSq 5;B55MD *V Z1V\b\`m1 S4 obSf /`1,ZSf `dV\]Sa1y /\jWS /\ Z*jSf /Z1yH w 4,1abZ\E hb\ /Wq a\f`*ZZ\abS Sd/1S ]\Y1k*WS a,SbVS a b1Vab\Y ,qk1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSq , Vd,jSZm SWS /`d-S1 a\ad/mxEP \bY1h*1b a]1gS*WSab ]\ \O ,\Yd ˛*,1bd SWS]] *Ye\`bD `SabS*Z1E ]\ ,a1y ,S/SY\abSE ]1`1ZqWS obd b`*/SgSpD \b ]\h1Yd Z1O V\b\`m1 `*ZZS1 +S+W1yaVS1 `dV\]SaS +mWS \+Z*`dO 31Zm , -WSZqZmf a\ad/*fE b1YZmf VW*/\,mf S ]1k1O `*fE * b*V31 , Y1abZ\abqf a \h1Zn adfSY VWSY*b\YD ˚B maqhS e`*-Y1Zb\, +S+W1yaVSf `dV\]SO a1y P * Z1V\b\`mY S4 ZSf +\W11 6 >>> W1b P a\f`*O ZSWSan /\ Z*jSf /Z1yD S \/SZ /`d-\y /`1,ZSy /\VdY1Zb Z1 ]\/b,1`3/1Z b*VSY V\WSh1ab,\Y Y*O ZdaV`S]b\,E /\j1/jSf /\ Z*a S4 -Wd+SZm ,1V\,D

Photograph taken by courtesy of the British Museum

Shrine of the Book, Photo 5 The Israel Museum, Jerusalem

,SbVS 1`b,\-\ Y\`q a\f`*ZSWSan +W*-\/*`q adf\Yd VWSY*bd S b\YdE hb\ +mWS a]`qb*Zm , ]1k1`*fE , -WSZqZmf a\ad/*f

\]`1VS ]`\bS,\/1yab,Sp ˛ B Z\-S1 -\ad/*`ab,1ZZm1 S `1WS-S\4Zm1 `dV\,\/Sb1WS ,a1YS aSW*YS ]`1]qbab,\,*WS `*aO ]`\ab`*Z1ZSp +S+W1yaV\y ,1abSD *ab\ \ZS 4*O ]`1k*WS Wp/qY SY1bnE ]1`1,\/SbnE ]1`1]SamO ,*bnE * ]\4/Z11 S ]1h*b*bn S+WSpD *aaY\b`SY /,* ]`SY1`*D ˙ `SY1`Z\ 5:; -\/ /\ ZD oD ZbS\f ']Se*ZE g*`n S4 /SZ*abSS 1W1,VS/\,E ab`1YS,jSyaq aSW\y Z*,q4*bn Sd/1qY `1WS-Sp -`1V\,E ]`SV*4*W dZShO b\3Sbn ,a1 V\]SS ˚,`1yaVSf Sa*ZSyD \b hb\ ]SO a*W Sab\`SV 1Z`Sf `1g \ b\YE V*V /1yab,\,*WS Wp/S g*`qB w˚aWS \ZS -/1OZS+d/n Z*f\/SWS a,SO b\V \`mE b\ \ZS `*4`m,*WS 1-\ , VW\hVSE a3S-*O WS S Z* Y1ab1 d+S,*WS b1fE V\b\`m1 , hb1ZSS a,qO k1ZZ\-\ ]Sa*ZSq SaV*WS db1j1ZSqxD ˙ `1/ZS1 ,1V*D 1V\b\`m1 ]`1/ab*,Sb1WS V*O b\WSh1aV\-\ /df\,1Zab,*E `*4/`*31ZZm1 b1YE hb\ YS`qZ1 ]`\]\,1/dpb +S+W1yaVS1 dh1ZSqE * Z1 V*O b\WSh1aVS1 /\-Y*bmE \+lq,WqWS 1`1bSV\Y V*3O /\-\E Vb\ SY1W V*VS1OWS+\ VZS-S S+WSSE V`\Y1 a*WY\, Z* W*bmZSD \,1b \/Z\y S4 g1`V,1y S4O /*W dV*4E a\-W*aZ\ V\b\`\Yd Z*/W13*W\ wab*`*O b1WnZ\E ,1`Z\ S Z1]`1ab*ZZ\ SaV*bn 1`1bSV\,DDD bk*b1WnZ\ \aY*b`S,*q ,a1 ]\/\4`Sb1WnZm1 /\Y* S ]\/,*WmDDD ˙\YE , V\b\`\Y +d/1b Z*y/1Z f\bq +m \/SZ 1`1bSVE aW1/d1b `*4`djSbnxD ˚aWS +m ,`*-*Y S+WSS d/*W\an 11 dZShb\3SbnE Ym +m ZSV\-/* Z1 daWmj*WS 11 ,1abnD ) &B ˝1ab\VS1 -\Z1ZSqE V\b\`m1 dab`\SW ZbS\f ']Se*ZE +mWS Z*]`*,O W1Zm ]`\bS, Sd/11, , 4`*SW1D /Z*V\ YZ\-\O hSaW1ZZm1 Sd/1yaVS1 \+kSZm adk1ab,\,*WS S , /`d-Sf Y1ab*fD \ \g1ZV*Y dh1ZmfE V I ,1Vd ZD oD +\W11 ]\W\,SZm 1,`11, 3SW\ 4* ]`1/1W*YS 4`*O SWqD a,\Sf aSZ*-\-*f \ZS f`*ZSWS V\]SS ,qO k1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSq P ob\ +mWS b1 31 a*Ym1 Sa*O ZSqE V\b\`mYS ]\b\Y ]\Wn4\,*WSan aW1/dpkS1 ]\V\W1ZSqE ,VWph*q f`SabS*Z L˙1qZSq 59B65MD `1/ZS1 ,1V* Wp/SE V\b\`m1 Wp+SWS \3n1 W\,\E ]`\/\W3*WS ]1`1,\/Sbn S `*a]`\ab`*Zqbn

S+WSp Z1aY\b`q Z* ]`1aW1/\,*ZSqD a1`1/SZ1 XV ,1V*E 1k1 /\ S4\+`1b1ZSq ]1h*bZ\-\ ab*ZV* a Z*+\`ZmYS e\`Y*YSE Z1V\b\`m1 h*abS S+WSSE ,\4Y\3Z\E +mWS /\abd]Zm Z* 77 q4mV*fD aV\`1 S+WSp d31 ,\,ap ]1h*b*WS S ]1`1,\/SWSD ˚B 1aY\b`q Z* ]`1aW1/\,*ZSq a\ ab\`\Zm

Y\-dk1ab,1ZZmf ]`*,Sb1W1y S /df\,1Zab,*E S+O WSq ab*W* a*Y\y `*a]`\ab`*Z1ZZ\y S ]1`1,\/SO Y\y VZS-\y , Sab\`SSD Z* \V*4*W* aSWnZ\1 ,WSqO ZS1 Z* 4*V\Zm Z1V\b\`mf ab`*ZE Sf VdWnbd`dE q4mV S 3S4ZS YSWWS\Z\, Wp/1yD

S+WSqE ]1`1,1/1ZZ*q SWnqY\Y SZ/*W\Y Z* *Z-WSyaVSy q4mVE dg1W1W* Z1aY\b`q Z* 4*]`1bE ]\]mbVS 11 dZShb\3Sbn S V*4Zn a*Y\-\ SZ/*W* , 597: -\/d

Š 8 6>5:

9

\]`1VS ]\]mbV*Y SaV*4Sbn 11 b1Vab Ë› B Z1jZS1 e*Vb\`mE b*VS1 V*V ,WSqZS1 ,`1O

Y1ZS S ]`\bS,\/1yab,S1E Z1 dZShb\3SWS S+WSpD \ +mW* 1k1 \/Z* \]*aZ\abnD 1V\b\`m1 ]1`1O ]SahSVS S ]1`1,\/hSVS ]\]mb*WSan SaV*4Sbn +S+O W1yaVSy b1VabD 1`1/V\ \ZS ab`1YSWSan ]\/\-Z*bn S+WSp ]\/ a,\S dh1ZSqE ,Y1ab\ b\-\ hb\+m a\-W*O a\,m,*bn Sf a S+WS1yD \b Z1aV\WnV\ ]`SY1`\,B ˙ 1ab\ ]\VW\Z1ZSqD ]1`S\/ Y13/d IV—II ,1V*YS /\ ZD oD b1E Vb\ ]Sa*WS *Y*`SbqZaV\1 qbSVZS3S11E ,ab*,SWS , af\/ 6>B5; aW\,* wZ* *`S4SY1D b*Y bm /\W31Z ]\ab`\Sbn 31`b,1ZZSVxD *V a*Y*`SbqZ1 ]\O ]mb*WSan a ]\Y\knp ,qk1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSq \+\aZ\O ,*bn ab`\Sb1Wnab,\ f`*Y* Z* -\`1 *`S4SYD ˙ ˙\-Y*b \ `\Sg1D 1Z11 h1Y h1`14 7>> W1b ]\aO W1 Z*]Sa*ZSq S+WSS \/SZ +\-\aW\,E ]`S,1`31Z1g dh1ZSq \ `\Sg1E /\+*,SW , 5 \*ZZ* 9B; aW\,* wZ* Z1+1B b1gE W\,\ S ,qbmy ˙dfC S SS b`S adbn 1/SZ\xD 'b\ ,maV*4m,*ZS1 Z1 ,ab`1h*1baq , b1Vab1 \`S-SZ*W*D *V \bY1h*1b +S+W1Sab `pa 1g-1`E obS aW\,* wZ*hSZ*q a VI ,1V* ,a1 h*k1 ab*WS ]\q,O Wqbnaq , `dV\]Saqf ab*`\W*bSZaV\y S+WSS S W*O bSZaV\y dWn-*bmxD ˙ \3n1 SYqD W1/dq Sd/1yaV\Yd ad1,1`SpE YZ\O -S1 ]1`1,\/hSVS S+WSS `1jSWS d/*WSbn \3n1 SYq S4 Sa*ZSyD ZS 4*Y1ZSWS 1-\ bSbdW*YSE b*VSO YS V*V w \-x S w \a]\/nxE f\bq obS aW\,* Sa]\Wn4dO pbaq , S+WSS Z1 b\WnV\ ]\ \bZ\j1ZSp V ,\`gdE Z\ S V Wp/qYE ]`1/Y1b*Y W\3Z\-\ ]\VW\Z1ZSq S /*31 V ˙nq,\Wd L \*ZZ* 5>B78E 79C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y <B9E :C 6 \`SZeqZ*Y 8B8M2D

*]S`da 1ab1`* SbbS P46E /*bS`d1Ymy ]`S+WS4Sb1WnZ\ 6>> -\/\Y ZD oD 5 The Trustees of the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin

) &B \O]1`,mfE f\bq a`1/S ]1`1]SahSV\, S+WSS S ,ab`1h*WSan Z1/\+`\a\O ,1abZm1 S Z1h1abZm1 Wp/SE +mW\ Z1Y*W\ b1fE Vb\ aV`d]dW14Z\ S a\ 4Z*ZS1Y /1W* ,m]\WZqW a,\p `*O +\bdD 4qbnE V ]`SY1`dE Y*a\`1b\,D ZS ]1`1]Sam,*O WS b1Vab ˚,`1yaVSf Sa*ZSy , VI—X ,1V*f ZD oDE S a1O -\/Zq Sf b`d/ S4,1ab1Z V*V Y*a\`1baVSy b1VabD \ S4O +13*ZS1 \jS+\V Y*a\`1bm ]\/ahSbm,*WS ,a1 aW\,* 1 *Y*`SbqZaV\1 qbSVZS3S1 P ob\ ]1`,m1 ]qbn VZS- S+WSS , `1/*VgSS a*Y*`SbqZD 2 \Wnj1 SZe\`Y*gSS Y\3Z\ Z*ybS , +`\jp`1 w W\,\ \-* , V*`b*f S af1Y*fxE ab`*ZSgm 5P57D *V31 /\abd]Z* Z* a*yb1 jw.orgD

:

Ë?Ëš ) " )

w \3Z\ a d,1`1ZZ\abnp aV*4*bnE hb\ ZSV*V\1 /`d-\1 ]`\S4,1/1ZS1 /`1,Z\abS Z1 +mW\ ]1`1/*Z\ b*V b\hZ\x

S +dV,mD ËšaWS \ZS ]\/\4`1,*WSE hb\ , b1VabE a V\b\`\O -\ /1W*W*an V\]SqE 4*V`*W*an \jS+V*E b\ ab*,SWS ]\O Y1bVd Z* ]\WqfD *a\`1bm Z1 \aY1WS,*WSan ]`*,Sbn +S+W1yaVSy b1VabD `\e1aa\` a1YSbaV\y WSZ-,SaO bSVS S +S+W1yaV\y eSW\W\-SS \j1 \j1ZO \bbO jb*yZ Z*]Sa*WE hb\ w]`1/Z*Y1`1ZZ\1 Z1aW1/\,*ZS1 1y ob\y /`1,Z1y b`*/SgSS +mW\ +m /Wq ZSf a*YmY bq3VSY S4 ,\4Y\3Zmf ]`1abd]W1ZSyxD \O,b\`mfE \-`\YZ\1 V\WSh1ab,\ /\j1/jSf /\ Z*a `dV\]Sa1y ]\4,\Wq1b ,mq,Sbn ,V`*,jS1aq \jS+O VSD *]`SY1`E a,qk1ZZ\aWd3Sb1WS ,1V*YS dhSWSE hb\ SY1pkS1aq d ZSf W*bSZaVS1 ]1`1,\/m P ob\ ]\/WSZZmy b1Vab S+WSSD `S ob\Y \ZS a*Y\,\WnZ\ /\+*,SWS , 5 \*ZZ* 9B; d]\YqZdbm1 `*Z11 aW\,*D 'b* \jS+V* ]\q,SW*an /*31 , b*V\Y *,b\`Sb1bZ\Y ]1`1,\/1 Z* *Z-WSyaV\Y q4mV1E V*V S+WSq V\`\Wq )V\,*I \ hb\ ,mqaZSW\anE V\-/* +mWS \+Z*`d31Zm /`d-S1 `dV\]SaSH \b hb\ ]Sa*W `pa 1g-1`B w bO `m,V* S4 5 \*ZZ* 9B; Z1b ZS , \/Z\Y S4 /`1,ZSf ]1`1,\/\, LaS`SyaV\YE V\]baV\YE *`YqZaV\YE oeSO \]aV\YE *`*+aV\YE aW*,qZaV\YME V`\Y1 W*bSZaV\-\xD

*a\`1bm aV`d]dW14Z\ ]1`1]Sam,*WS b1Vab ,qk1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSq

`14dWnb*b1 , ]1`1aY\b`1ZZmf S4/*ZSqf S+WSS V\`\Wq )V\,* S , Z1V\b\`mf /`d-Sf ]1`1,\/*f ob\b \b`m,\V +mW d/*W1ZD \ YZ\-Sf a\,`1Y1ZZmf ]1`1O ,\/*f Z* `daaVSy q4mV \Z b\31 Z1 ,ab`1h*1baqD ,S/1b1Wnab,dpb WS /`1,ZS1 `dV\]SaS , ]\WnO 4d /\ab\,1`Z\abS +S+W1yaV\-\ b1Vab*H \-/* , 5=8; -\/d +mWS Z*y/1Zm a,SbVS 1`b,\-\ Y\`qE +S+W1Sabm Z*V\Z1g aY\-WS a`*,ZSbn 1,`1yaVSy Y*O a\`1baVSy b1Vab a +S+W1yaVSYS a,SbV*YSE Z*]Sa*ZO ZmYS +\W11 h1Y 4* bmaqhd W1b /\ Z1-\D \ aW\O ,*Y \/Z\-\ S4 hW1Z\, -`d]]m `1/*Vb\`\, a,SbV\, 1`b,\-\ Y\`qE /*31 \/SZ a,Sb\V w]`1/ab*,Wq1b a\+\y Z1\a]\`SYm1 /\V*4*b1Wnab,* b\-\ E hb\ , b1h1ZS1 +\W11 bmaqhS W1b 1,`1yaVS1 ]1`1]SahSO VS ]1`1/*,*WS aYmaW +S+W1yaV\-\ b1Vab* SaVWphSO b1WnZ\ b\hZ\ S ,1`Z\xD S+WS\b1V1 1ab1`* SbbS , ˙d+WSZ1 L `O W*Z/SqM f`*ZSbaq V\WW1VgSq ]*]S`da\,E , V\b\`\y ]`1/ab*,W1Zm ]\hbS ,a1 VZS-S `SabS*ZaVSf `1O h1aVSf Sa*ZSy L \,\-\ ˛*,1b*MD ob\y V\WW1VO gSS 1abn b*V31 `dV\]SaS II ,1V* ZD oDE b\ 1abn \ZS ]\q,SWSan a]dabq ,a1-\ 5>> W1b ]\aW1 Z*]Sa*ZSq S+WSSD w \bq obS ]*]S`dam YZ\-\1 `*aV`m,*pb Z*Y \ b1Vabd*WnZmf \a\+1ZZ\abqfEP -\,\`Sbaq , \/Z\Y +S+W1yaV\Y a]`*,\hZSV1EP \ZS b*V31 aWdO 3*b /\V*4*b1Wnab,\Y b\-\E a V*V\y d/S,Sb1WnZ\y b\hZ\abnp ]1`1/*,*Waq +S+W1yaVSy b1Vabx LThe Anchor Bible DictionaryMD ˚B \E hb\ S+WSp YZ\-\V`*bZ\ ]1`1]SamO ,*WSE \V*4*W\an Z1 YSZda\YE * ]Wpa\YE ,1/n d Z*a ]\q,SW\an 1k1 +\Wnj1 ]`ShSZ /\,1`qbn 1yD w SV*O V*q /`d-*q ab*`*q VZS-* Z1 `*a]\W*-*1b ab\Wn `*ZO ZSYS S +\-*bmYS b1Vab\,mYS a,S/1b1Wnab,*YSE S ZS \/SZ \+l1VbS,Zmy dh1Zmy Z1 ab*W +m \b`Sg*bnE hb\ b1VabE V\b\`my Ym a1-\/Zq SY11YE , adkZ\abS Z1 Sa]\`h1ZZmy /\ab\,1`Zmy xEP Z*]Sa*W +`Sb*ZO aVSy dh1Zmy `1/1`SV 1Zn\Z \ `SabS*ZaVSf `1O h1aVSf Sa*ZSqfD \bZ\j1ZSS ˚,`1yaVSf Sa*ZSy dh1Zmy SWnqY 1Z`S `SZ \bY1bSWB w \3Z\ a d,1O `1ZZ\abnp aV*4*bnE hb\ ZSV*V\1 /`d-\1 ]`\S4,1/1O ZS1 /`1,Z\abS Z1 +mW\ ]1`1/*Z\ b*V b\hZ\xD Š8 6>5:

;

W*-\/*`q h1Yd S+WSq a\f`*ZSW*an b*VE Z1aY\b`q ZS Z* hb\E S+WSq /\jW* /\ Z*O jSf /Z1yD 1-\/Zq V*3/my Y\31b ]`S\+`1abS S ]`\hSb*bn 11D m+`*, f\`\jSy ]1`1,\/ S+WSSE ,m Y\31b1 Z1 a\YZ1,*bnaqE hb\ 1-\ a\/1`3*ZS1 a\\b,1bab,d1b \`S-SZ*Wd1D *V Ym d,S/1WSE S+O 1 Y\b`Sb1 ab*bnp w *V ,m+`*bn f\`\jSy ]1`1,\/ S+WSSHx , w b\`\31,\y +*jZ1x \b 5 Y*q 6>>< -\/*D

WSq a\f`*ZSW*an ,\]`1VS ,WSqZSp ,`1Y1ZSE aSWnO Z\Yd ]`\bS,\/1yab,Sp S ]\]mbV*Y SaV*4Sbn 11 b1VabD W*-\/*`q h1Yd ob\ ab*W\ ,\4Y\3ZmYH 1Y \a\+1ZZ* ob* VZS-*H Z\-S1 hSb*b1WS S+WSS ]`SjWS V b*V\Yd 31 ,m,\/dE hb\ S *]\ab\W *,1WB w a1 Sa*ZS1 ,/\fO Z\,W1Z\ \-\Yx L6 SY\e1p 7B5:MD ZS d,1`1ZmE hb\ S+WSq a\f`*ZSW*anE ]\b\Yd hb\ ob\ W\,\ \-* S \Z ]\4*+\bSWaq \ b\YE hb\+m \Z\ /\jW\ /\ Z*jSf /Z1yD *y4*WE \ V\b\`\Y -\,\`SW\an `*O Z11E `1jSW a*Y SaaW1/\,*bn e*Vbm S ,4qWaq 4* S4dh1ZS1 S+WSSD \E hb\ \Z d4Z*WE d/S,SW\ 1-\D Z d,S/1WE hb\ , S+WSS Z1b YZ\-Sf dh1ZSyE `*aO ]`\ab`*Z1ZZmf , f`SabS*ZaV\Y YS`1D *V31 1-\ -Wd+\V\ 4*b`\ZdW\ 4*]Sa*ZZ\1 , S+WSS \+1k*O ZS1 \-* ,\aab*Z\,Sbn Z* 41YW1 `*yD *y4*W -\,\`SbB w 1]1`n q d+13/1ZE hb\ S+O WSqE V\b\`*q d Z*a 1abn a1-\/ZqEP ob\ ]\/*`\V \b \-*D ˚aWS \- aY\- a\4/*bn \-`\YZdp a1W1ZO ZdpE Z1d31WS \Z Z1 aY\- +m ]1`1/*bn Wp/qY a,\1 W\,\ S ]\4*+\bSbnaq \ 1-\ a\f`*ZZ\abSH 1E Vb\ , ob\ Z1 ,1`SbE ]\ adbSE a\YZ1,*pbaq , aSW1 \-*D Vb\ q b*V\yE hb\+m a\YZ1,*bnaq , aSW1 a1Y\-dO k1-\Hx L a*Sq 8>B<MDˇ

w

w 1]1`n q d+13/1ZE hb\ S+WSqE V\b\`*q d Z*a 1abn a1-\/ZqEP ob\ ]\/*`\V \b \-*x <

˝˚ ) " )

obSf ab*bnqf `*aaV*4m,*1bO aqE V*V S+WSq a\f`*ZSW*anD \ V*V Y\3Z\ d/\ab\,1`SbnaqE hb\ S+WSq P /1yab,Sb1WnZ\ waW\,\ \-*xE * Z1 a+\`ZSV YSe\, S W1-1Z/H L5 1aa*W\O ZSVSyg*Y 6B57MD \aY\b`Sb1 ,S/1\`\WSV w bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ S+WSq P ob\ VZS-* \b \-*Hx Z* a*yb1 jw.orgD L ,1/Sb1 Z*4,*ZS1 ,S/1\`\WSV* , ]\SaV\,dp ab`\VdMD

Ë› Ëš Ëš %H

b\ Z1\+mhZ\-\ +mW\ , b\YE V*V Sada `Sab\a \bZ\aSWaq V ]`\V*31ZZmYH

d/1S , /`1,Z1Y 4`*SW1 Sa]mbm,*WS ab`*f ]1`1/ ]`\V*4\yD +S+W1yaVS1 ,`1Y1Z* +mW* `*a]`\ab`*Z1Z* \/Z* S4 e\`Y ob\y ab`*jZ\y +\W14ZSE V\b\`*q Z*Z\aSW* Z1]\]`*,SYmy ,`1/ 4/\`\O ,npE ]\`*3*W* Z1`,Zm1 \V\Zh*ZSq S \+14\+`*3S,*W* h1W\,1V*D b\ ,`1Yq ]`\V*4* Z1 ]\//*,*W*an W1h1ZSpD \ob\Yd +\WnZm1 /\W3Zm +mWS 3Sbn \b/1WnZ\ \b /`d-Sf Wp/1y S ]`1/d]`13/*bn \V`d3*pkSf \ a,\1Y 4*+\W1,*ZSS L 1,Sb 57B89E 8:MD /\]\WZ1ZS1 V dV*4*ZSqY S4 ,qk1ZZ\-\ Sa*ZSq , \bZ\j1O ZSS ]`\V*31ZZmf Sd/1yaVS1 `1WS-S\4Zm1 `dV\,\/Sb1WS ]`S/dY*O WS a,\S ]`*,SW*E V\b\`m1 1k1 +\Wnj1 dad-d+WqWS ab`*/*ZSq obSf Z1ah*abZmfD *]`SY1`E a\-W*aZ\ `*,,SZaVSY ]`*,SW*YE V ]`\V*O 31ZZ\Yd Z1Wn4q +mW\ ]\/f\/Sbn +WS31 h1Y Z* h1bm`1 W\Vbq L]`SO Y1`Z\ 6 Y1b`*ME * 1aWS /dW ,1b1`E \b ]`\V*31ZZ\-\ Zd3Z\ +mW\ /1`3*bnaq Z* `*aab\qZSS 5>> W\Vb1y L\V\W\ 89 Y1b`\,MD ,qO k1ZZ\Y Sa*ZSS -\,\`SW\anE hb\ ]`\V*31ZZm1 /\W3Zm +mWS 3Sbn w4* ]`1/1W*YS W*-1`qxD 1V\b\`m1 31 b*WYd/Sabm ]\Oa,\1Yd SaO b\WV\,m,*WS ob\ dV*4*ZS1E ahSb*qE hb\ ]`\V*31ZZmf ,\\+k1 Z1WnO 4q +mW\ ]daV*bn , -\`\/D 4,1abZ\E hb\ \/SZ `*,,SZE 1aWS ,S/1W , -\`\/1 +\WnZ\-\ ]`\V*4\yE Z*hSZ*W VS/*bn , Z1-\ V*YZSE -\,\`qB w +S`*yaq \bap/*I 1 \aV,1`Zqy Z*a a,\SY ]`Sadbab,S1YIx

Sada 31 ,1W a1+q a\,1`j1ZZ\ SZ*h1I Y1ab\ b\-\ hb\+m ]`\O -\Zqbn \b a1+q ]`\V*31ZZmfE \Z +mW -\b\, ]`SV\aZdbnaq V ZSY S /*31 Sag1WSbn Sf L *be1q <B7MD ˇ

* \aZ\,*ZSS h1-\ Sd/1yaVS1 `1WS-S\4Zm1 `dV\,\/Sb1WS `*4`1j*WS `*4,\/SbnaqH

˙˚ ˚ & ˛ ˙˚ L;5 ;6 ˙ D 'DM Courtesy Israel Antiquities Authority

I ,1V1 ZD oD b1Y* `*4,\/* +mW* ]`1/Y1b\Y 3*`VSf a]\`\, a`1/S `1WS-S\4Zmf `dV\,\/Sb1W1yD \ob\Yd \/Z*3/m e*`Sa1SE 31W*q ]\ab*,Sbn Sada* , bd]SVE a]`\aSWS 1-\B w˛*V\ZZ\ WS Yd3hSZ1 `*4,\/Sbnaq a 31Z\y ]\ Wp+\y ]`ShSZ1Hx L *be1q 5=B7MD \Sa11, 4*V\Z ]\4,\WqW Yd3hSZ1 `*4,\/Sbnaq a 31Z\yE 1aWS w\Z d,S/Sb , 11 ]\,1/1ZSS Z1hb\ ]`1/\ad/Sb1WnZ\1x L b\`\4*V\O ZS1 68B5MD \ ,`1Y1Z* Sada* adk1ab,\,*W\ /,* Z*]`*,W1ZSq `*,O ,SZaVSf jV\WE S Y13/d ZSYS +mW\ `*4Z\-W*aS1 , b\WV\,*ZSS ob\O -\ 4*V\Z*D `S,1`31Zgm jV\Wm "*YY*qE V\b\`m1 +mWS +\W11 V\ZO a1`,*bS,ZmYSE ahSb*WSE hb\ 1/SZab,1ZZ\y ]`ShSZ\y /Wq `*4,\/* +mW* w`*a]dk1ZZ\abnxE b\ 1abn ad]`d31aV*q S4Y1Z*D 1 31E Vb\ ]`SZ*/W13*W V jV\W1 SWW1WqE dhSWSE hb\ 4*V\ZZmY ]\,\/\Y /Wq `*4,\/* Y\-W\ +mbn ]`*VbSh1aVS Wp+\1 `*4Z\-W*aS1 Y13/d adO ]`d-*YSE /*31 a*Y\1 Z14Z*hSb1WnZ\1D \aW1/\,*b1WS ob\y jV\Wm `*4`1j*WS `*4,\/Sbnaq a 31Z\y S4O4* ]`S-\`1,j1-\ \+1/* SWS S4O4* b\-\E hb\ Yd3 ,ab`1bSW +\W11 ]`S,W1V*b1WnZdp 31ZkSZdD *V 31 Sada \b,1bSW Z* ,\]`\a e*`Sa11,H Z aV*4*WB w b\ `*4,\/Sbaq a\ a,\1y 31Z\y Z1 ]\ ]`ShSZ1 11 +Wd/* S 31ZSbaq Z* /`d-\yE b\b ]`1Wp+\/1yab,d1bx L *be1q 5=B:E =MD ˇ Š8 6>5:

=

˛ ˝˚ ˚˛ )H

b*Z\,SWSan WS ,m SWS Vb\Ob\ S4 ,*jSf +WS4VSf 31`b,\y Z*aSWSqH ]*a*1b1an WS ,mE hb\ b*V\1 Y\31b ]`\S4\ybSH *aSWS1 Z*4m,*pb w`*abdk1y ]`\+W1Y\yE 4*b`*-S,*pk1y 4/\`\,n1 Z*a1W1ZSq ,\ ,a1Y YS`1xD \b Z1V\b\`m1 ]`SY1`mD ˚ ˚ &˚ ˚ & ˚ ˚D w *3/*q b`1bnq 31ZkSZ* , V*V\yOb\ Y\Y1Zb a,\1y 3S4ZS ]\/,1`-*W*an eS4Sh1aV\Yd SWS a1Vad*WnO Z\Yd Z*aSWSp a\ ab\`\Zm a,\1-\ ]*`bZ1`*xEP a\\+k*1baq , \bh1b1 D *V ZS ]1h*WnZ\E w]\ Z1V\b\`mY \g1ZV*YE V*3/*q ]qb*q 31ZkSZ* , YS`1 ab*Z\,Sbaq 31`b,\y a1Vad*WnZ\-\ Z*aSWSq SWS ]\]mbVS S4Z*aSW\,*ZSqxD ) ˚ &D \\+k*1baqE hb\ , " /1yab,dpb +\W11 7> >>> ]`1abd]Zmf -`d]]S`\,\VD *bSZaV\y Y1`SV1 31`b,\y Z*aSWnO ab,1ZZ\-\ ]`1abd]W1ZSq ab*Z\,Sbaq ]`SY1`Z\ V*3/my b`1bSyD • D 6>56 -\/d , YS`1 +mW\ 4*`1-Sab`S`\,*Z\ ]\hbS ]\WYSWWSO \Z* d+Syab,E hb\ ]`1,maSW\ hSaW\ ]\-S+jSf , `14dWnb*b1 ,\1ZZmf /1yO ab,Sy 4* b\b -\/D (3Z\y e`SV1 S 1Zb`*WnZ\y Y1`SV1 +mW\ 4*eSVaSO `\,*Z\ Z*S,maj11 hSaW\ d+Syab,E V\b\`\1 +\W11 h1Y , h1bm`1 `*4* ]`1O ,\af\/Sb a`1/ZSy YS`\,\y ]\V*4*b1WnD *bSZaV\y Y1`SV1 4* \/SZ -\/ +mW\ d+Sb\ +\W11 5>> >>> h1W\,1VE ]`Sh1Y ]`SY1`Z\ 9> >>> , \/Z\y b\WnO V\ `*4SWSSD \4Y\3Z\ WS `*4 S Z*,a1-/* `1jSbn ]`\+W1Yd Z*aSWSqH

˝

& ˚H 1Y \+lqaZq1baq b*V*q ,\WZ* Z*aSWSqH dk1O ab,d1b YZ\-\ ]`ShSZE a`1/S ZSfB Z*]`q31ZZ\abn S4O4* a\gS*WnZ\-\ S oV\Z\YSh1aV\-\ Z1`*,1Zab,*E Z1d,*31ZS1 V h1W\,1h1aV\y 3S4ZSE 4W\d]\b`1+W1O ZS1 *WV\-\W1YE Z*`V\Y*ZSqE 31ab\V\1 \+`*k1ZS1 a /1bnYS S +14Z*V*4*ZZ\abn YZ\-Sf bq31Wmf ]`1O abd]W1ZSyD \Z1hZ\E Z*/\ \bY1bSbnE hb\ , Z1V\b\`mf h*abqf YS`* Z*+Wp/*1baq a]*/ Z*aSWSqD *]`SY1`E , b*O V\Y -dab\Z*a1W1ZZ\Y -\`\/1E V*V *ZO *dWd L `*O 4SWSqME hSaW\ d+Syab, 4* ]\aW1/Z11 /1aqbSW1bS1 a\V`*bSW\an ]`SY1`Z\ Z* <> ]`\g1Zb\,D ,a1 31 d`\,1Zn Z*aSWnab,1ZZmf ]`1abd]W1ZSy , ob\Y -\O `\/1 \ab*1baq \h1Zn ,ma\VSYB Z* 5>> >>> 3Sb1W1y ]`Sf\/Sbaq 5> d+Syab,D *V 31 ]\W\3Sbn V\Z1g Z*aSWSpH 5>

˝˚ ) " )

˙Wq b\-\ hb\+m `1jSbn obd ]`\+W1YdE Zd3Z\ S4O Y1ZSbn a*YSf Wp/1y P Sf Z*ab`\y S ]\,1/1ZS1D ˝1ab\VSy h1W\,1V aY\31b S4Y1ZSbnaqE V\-/* , 1-\ a1`/g1 Z* aY1Zd -\`/\abSE 3*/Z\abS S o-\S4Yd ]`S/db Wp+\,nE d,*31ZS1 S 4*+\b* \ /`d-SfD b\ Y\31b ]\+d/Sbn h1W\,1V* V\`1ZZmY \+`*O 4\Y S4Y1ZSbn a,\p 3S4ZnH \`*4YmjWqyb1 Z*/ b1YE h1Yd dhSb S+WSqB ˇ w p+\,n V \-d 4*VWph*1baq , b\YE hb\+m Ym a\+Wp/*WS 1-\ 4*]\,1/Sx L5 \*ZZ* 9B7MD ˇ w b`*f ]1`1/ 1-\,\y , b\YE hb\+m Z1Z*,SO /1bn 4W\x L `SbhS <B57M1D p+\,n V \-d S ab`*f \-\`hSbn 1-\ P ob\ Y\kO Zmy abSYdWE V\b\`my ]\Y\31b S4Y1ZSbnaq /*31 \h1Zn 31ab\VSY Wp/qYD `Sh1Y b*VS1 S4Y1Z1ZSq ,WSqpb Z1 b\WnV\ Z* ,Z1jZS1 ab\`\Zm 3S4ZS h1O 1 \-W*aZ\ S+WSSE 1-\,* P ob\ SYq \-*D

W\,1V*E Z\ S Z* ,ap 1-\ WShZ\abnD 1d31WS ob\ ,\4Y\3Z\H \b ]`SY1` W1Va*1D \aW1/ZS1 5= W1b \Z ]`\O ,1W , bp`nY1 , `*4SWSSD 6>>> -\/d +W*-\/*O `q S4dh1ZSp S+WSS \Z ab*W ,S/1b1W1Y 1-\O ,mD * a*Y\Y WS /1W1 \Z S4Y1ZSW a,\y 31ab\VSy Z`*,H ˙*D a1-\/Zq W1Va -Wd+\V\ a\3*W11b \ b\YE aV\WnV\ 4W* \Z ]`ShSZSW Wp/qYD Z -\,\`SbB w) ]\Wp+SW \-*E ]\b\Yd hb\ \Z ]`\abSW Y1Zq S /*W ob\ ]\hd,ab,\,*bnD W*-\/*`Z\abn S Wp+\,n V 1-\,1 ]\Y\-WS YZ1 S4Y1ZSbn a,\y f*`*Vb1`xD 14*`E V\b\`my b\31 3S,1b , `*4SWSSE dh*ab,\O ,*W , V`*3*f a\ ,4W\Y\Y S ,\\`d31ZZmf \-`*+W1O ZSqfD 'bSY \Z ]`\YmjWqW ]`SY1`Z\ 59 W1bD b\ 31 ]\+d/SW\ 1-\ S4Y1ZSbnaqH bp`nY1 V Z1Yd ]`SjWS ,S/1b1WS 1-\,mE S \Z b\31 ab*W S4dO h*bn S+WSpD 14*` `*aaV*4m,*1bB w ]1`,m1 , Y\O 1y 3S4ZS ]\q,SWaq aYmaWD ) dhSWaq Wp+Sbn \-*D ) b*V31 dhSWaq `*4,S,*bn +W*-\b,\`Zmy ab`*f ]1O `1/ ZSYE hb\+m Z1 ,\4,`*k*bnaq V ]`13Z1Yd \+`*O 4d 3S4ZS S Z1 \-\`h*bn 1-\D ) Z1 f\b1W +mbn Z1+W*O -\/*`ZmYE ,1/n 1-\,* ]`\q,SW V\ YZ1 ab\WnV\ /\+`\bmI p+\,n V \-d S 4/`*,my ab`*f ]1`1/ ZSY ]\+d/SWS Y1Zq S4Y1ZSbnaqxD h1Y -\,\`qb obS aWdh*SH b\YE hb\ S+O WSq \+W*/*1b aSW\y ]\WZ\abnp S4Y1ZSbn 3S4Zn h1W\,1V*E Y1Zqq 1-\ \+`*4 YmjW1ZSq L'e1aqZ*Y 8B67MD W1VaE \ V\b\`\Y d]\YSZ*W\an `*Z11E /1O WSbaqB w˛Z*ZSq S4 S+WSS +mWS V*V hSab*q ,\/*E V\b\`*qE ]`\f\/q h1`14 Y1ZqE ]\ab1]1ZZ\ \hSk*O W* Y\y `*4dYE t,mYm,*qr S4 Z1-\ /d`Zm1 YmaWSD ) /*31 Z1 /dY*WE hb\ YZ1 V\-/*OZS+d/n d/*abaq \b ZSf S4+*,SbnaqxD ˙1yab,Sb1WnZ\E V\-/* Ym Z*]\WO Zq1Y a,\y dY hSabmYS YmaWqYS S4 S+WSSE ob\ ]\O Y\-*1b ,mb1aZSbn S4 Z1-\ ,a1 ]W\f\1D \3n1 W\O ,\ \+W*/*1b d/S,Sb1WnZ\y aSW\yB \Z\ ]\Y\-*1b h1W\,1Vd ab*bn hSk1 S Wdhj1 L'e1aqZ*Y 9B6:MD `14dWnb*b1 /*31 31ab\VS1 S o-\SabShZm1 Wp/S Y\-db S4Y1ZSbnaqE Z*dhSbnaq ]`\q,Wqbn /\+`\bd S 3Sbn , YS`1 a /`d-SYS L SYWqZ*Y 56B5<MD W*-\O /*`q ]`SY1Z1ZSp +S+W1yaVSf ]`SZgS]\, b*VS1 Wp/S Z*hSZ*pb ,1abS ah*abWS,dpE YS`Zdp 3S4Zn L a*Sq 8<B5<MD \W11 ,\anYS YSWWS\Z\, ,S/1b1W1y 1-\,m , 68> ab`*Z*f S b1``Sb\`Sqf Z*jWS VWph V b\YdE V*V 1 Y1Z* S4Y1Z1ZmD

4Z*yb1E hb\ Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m 3Sbn , YS`1E a,\+\/Z\Y \b Z*aSWSq

]\+1/Sbn Z*aSWS1D `1/S ZSf Wp/S ,a1f Z*gS\O Z*WnZ\ab1y S a\gS*WnZmf aW\1,D ZS `*4,SWS WpO +\,n V \-d S 4/`*,my ab`*f ]1`1/ ZSYD ,S/1b1O WS Z*dhSWSan Wp+Sbn /`d- /`d-* S 3Sbn , YS`1 S 1/SZab,1E V*V \/Z* a1Ynq L5 1b`* 8B<MD 'b\ Y13/dO Z*`\/Z\1 +`*bab,\ P 3S,\1 /\V*4*b1Wnab,\ b\-\E hb\ YS` +14 Z*aSWSq ,\4Y\31ZI

˚˛ ) ˛ I S+WSq \+1k*1bE hb\ \- ,aV\`1 \hSabSb 41YWp \b Z*aSWSqD ˙Wq ob\-\ 31ab\V\-\ YS`* Z*abd]Sb w˙1Zn d/* S -S+1WS +14+\3Zmf Wp/1yx L6 1bO `* 7B9P;E \,`1Y1ZZmy `daaVSy ]1`1,\/MD SVb\ +\Wnj1 Z1 +d/1b ab`*/*bn \b `dV ]`1abd]ZSV\,D \ \bVd/* Ym 4Z*1YE hb\ \- 4*f\h1b ,Y1j*bnaq S \ab*Z\,Sbn Z*aSWS1H S+WSS aV*4*Z\E hb\ \- Z1Z*,S/Sb w,aqV\O -\E Wp+qk1-\ Z*aSWS1x L a*W\Y 55B9MD \4/*b1Wn ˛1YWS Wp+Sb a]`*,1/WS,\abn S YS` L a*W\Y 77B9C 7;B6<MD Y1ZZ\ ]\ob\Yd \Z Z1 +d/1b ,1hZ\ b1`]1bn 31ab\VSf Wp/1yD m ab\SY Z* ]\`\-1 Z\,\-\ YS`*E , V\b\`\Y Z1 +d/1b Z*aSWSq L a*W\Y 7;B55C ;6B58MD 4Z*yb1E hb\ ,*Y Zd3Z\ /1W*bnE hb\+m 3Sbn , ob\Y YS`1D ˇ

w

\aY\b`Sb1 V\`\bVSy ,S/1\O `\WSV w 4 bp`nYm P , Z\,dp 3S4ZnxE , V\b\`\Y +m,jSy 4*O VWph1ZZmy `*aaV*4m,*1b Sab\O `Sp a,\1y 3S4ZSE Z* a*yb1 jw.orgD L ,1/Sb1 Z*4,*ZS1 ,SO /1\`\WSV* , ]\SaV\,dp ab`\VdDM

) ˚ )˚ ˝ ˛ &

) YZ\-\ `*4 b1`]1W Z1d/*hdE ]`13/1 h1Y aY\- ]\+1/Sbn a1+q

˛

˙˝ ˛˚ ˚

˙ ˝˙˚ ) 5=97

˝˙˚ )

) "

)

56

˝˚ ) " )

˚˙% )D 5=8= -\/d Y\y \b1g oYS-`S`\,*W S4 1`Y*O ZSS , ,ab`*WSpD Z f\b1W dab`\Sbnaq Z* V*VdpOZS+d/n j*fO bd SWS oW1Vb`\ab*ZgSpD \4/Z11 \Z \+\aZ\,*Waq , a1WnaV\y Y1abZ\abS , jb*b1 SVb\`SqD *Y \Z ,ab`1bSW Y\p Y*bnD ZS ]\31ZSWSanE S , 5=97 -\/d `\/SWaq qD 1`14 Z1aV\WnV\ W1b Y*Y* Z*h*W* S4dh*bn S+WSp a\ ,S/1O b1WqYS 1-\,mE ]\ob\Yd q a a*Y\-\ /1bab,* +mW 4Z*V\Y a +S+O W1yaVSYS dh1ZSqYSD /Z*V\ Y\y \b1g b1`]1bn Z1 Y\- `1WS-Sp ZS , V*V\Y ,S/1D Z \31ab\hSWaq S Z1`1/V\ d-`\3*W Y*Y1E b*V hb\ \Z* 3SW* , ]\ab\qZZ\Y ab`*f1 ]1`1/ ZSYD *Y* ]`\/\W3*O W* b*yZ\ S4dh*bn S+WSp S ,a1Y a1`/g1Y ]\Wp+SW* 11 dh1ZSqD \-/* \bg* Z1 +mW\ /\Y*E \Z* /1WSW*an b1YE hb\ d4Z*,*W*E a\ YZ\y S Y\1y a1ab`\yD Z* `*aaV*4m,*W* Z*Y \ +d/dk1Y 41YZ\Y `*1 S \ b\YE hb\ 3S4Zn ]\ +S+W1yaVSY Z\`Y*Y ]`SZ\aSb ah*O abn1 L a*W\Y 7;B5>E 6=C a*Sq 8<B5;MD 5< W1b q +mW ,mZd3/1Z d1f*bn S4 /\Y* S4O4* 31ab\V\-\ f*O `*Vb1`* \bg*D \bq q ,1`SW b\YdE h1Yd Y*Y* dhSW* Y1Zq \ S+O WSSE q Z1 g1ZSW obS 4Z*ZSq S ]\ob\Yd Z1 ]`SY1ZqW Sf , 3S4ZSD ) Z*h*W `*+\b*bn oW1Vb`SV\Y Z* d-\WnZ\y j*fb1D 6> W1b q 31O ZSWaqD 1`14 b`S -\/*E V\-/* `\/SW*an Z*j* ]1`,*q /\hnE d Y1O Zq ]`\S4\jW* ]1`1\g1ZV* g1ZZ\ab1yD ) 4Z*WE hb\ S+WSq Y\O 31b ]\Y\hn Z*j1y a1Yn1E ]\ob\Yd Z*h*W S4dh*bn obd VZS-d a\ ,S/1b1WqYS 1-\,mD \ Y\1y 31Z1 \h1Zn Z1 Z`*,SWSan ,SO /1b1WSD \aW1 b\-\ V*V q ]\+m,*W Z* \/Z\y S4 Sf ,ab`1hE \Z* ]\ab*,SW* YZ1 dWnbSY*bdYB SWS q ]`1V`*kd S4dh1ZS1E SWS \Z* dy/1b \b Y1ZqD d,ab,dq a,\p +1a]\Y\kZ\abnE q dabd]SW S ]`1O V`*bSW ,aqV\1 \+k1ZS1 a\ ,S/1b1WqYSD \4/Z11 YZ1 ]`SO jW\an -\`nV\ ]\3*W1bn \ a,\1Y `1j1ZSSD /Z*3/m Z* `*+\b1 a\b`d/ZSVS ]\V*4*WS YZ1 ]\`Z\-`*eSO h1aVS1 3d`Z*WmD 4\+`*31ZSqE V\b\`m1 q d,S/1WE \/Z\,`1Y1ZO Z\ -S]Z\bS4S`\,*WS S ,m4m,*WS \b,`*k1ZS1D ZS \ab*,SWS d Y1Zq bq-\abZ\1 hd,ab,\ ,SZmD \YZq \ b\YE hb\ q d4Z*W S4 S+O WSSE q +mW d,1`1ZE hb\ \- Y1Zq Z*V*31bD \ h1Y +\Wnj1 q aY\b`1W ]\`Z\-`*eSpE b1Y aSWnZ11 Y1ZqW\an Y\1 \bZ\j1ZS1 V Z1yD \ ,`1Y1Z1Y d Y1Zq `*4,SW*an 4*,SaSY\abnD

b1h1ZS1 aW1/dpkSf 6> W1b q ,a1 /*Wnj1 \bf\O /SW \b ]`SZgS]\,E V\b\`m1 ]`S,S,*W* YZ1 Y*Y*D \1 ]\,1/1ZS1 \b`*3*W\ b\E h1Y q ]Sb*W a,\y dYD ) ab*W Z1]`Sab\yZ\ ,m`*3*bnaq S \b]daV*bn ]\jO Wm1 jdbVSD Y1Zq `*4,SWaq S4,`*k1ZZmy ,4-Wq/ Z* a1VaD \bq q ,a1 1k1 3SW a\ a,\1y 31Z\yE d Y1O Zq +mWS S /`d-S1 31ZkSZmD /Z*3/m q ]\aY\bO `1W Z* a1+q , 41`V*W\ S ]\/dY*WB w m YZ1 Z1 Z`*O ,SjnaqxD *Y\d,*31ZS1 aY1ZSW\an \b,`*k1ZS1Y V a1+1D *j +`*V `*a]*WaqE S Y\q 3S4ZnE V*4*W\anE ]\b1`qW* ,aqVSy aYmaWD \-/* q \b ,a1-\ a1`/g* ]\Y\WSWaq \-d 1-\,1D ) ,\4\+Z\,SW S4dh1ZS1 S+WSSE f\bq d31 6> W1b ,1W `*a]dbZmy \+`*4 3S4O ZSD b\Yd ,`1Y1ZS Y\y \b1g dY1` S Y*Y* ab*W* ,S/1b1W1Y 1-\,mD ) ˛ ˚ ( ˝ ˛ &D -`\YZ*q ]`\]*abn \b/1WqW* Y1Zq \b ,ma\VSf +S+W1yaVSf Z\`YD \ Z* ob\b `*4 q b,1`/\ `1jSW \+`1abS /dO j1,Zmy YS`E \ V\b\`\Y -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSSD ) Z*O h*W \hSk*bn a,\p `1hn \b aV,1`Z\aW\,Sq S Y1Zqbn a,\y bq31Wmy f*`*Vb1`D *V31 q `1jSW ]\V\ZhSbn a +14Z`*,ab,1ZZmY \+`*4\Y 3S4ZSE *4*`bZmYS S-O `*YSE ]nqZab,\Y S ]1`1ab*bn \+V`*/m,*bn a,\1-\ `*+\b\/*b1WqD \S a\b`d/ZSVS Z1 Y\-WS ]\ZqbnE ]\h1Yd q 4*O f\b1W V*`/SZ*WnZ\ S4Y1ZSbn a,\p 3S4ZnD b1h1O ZS1 b`1f W1b \ZS ]\ab\qZZ\ ]`\,\gS`\,*WS Y1ZqE 31W*qE hb\+m q ,4qWaq 4* ab*`\1D ˚aWS q /*,*W aW*O +SZdE Z*]`SY1` ,mf\/SW S4 a1+q SWS a q4mV* a`mO ,*W\an Z1]`SWShZ\1 aW\,\E \ZS ]\+1/Z\ V`Sh*O WSB w -*I ,\b S ]`13ZSy ab*`SZ* ˙3\Ix *V 31 obS aW\,* `*ZSWS Y1ZqI *ab\ q hd,ab,\,*W a1+q Z1d/*hZSV\YD

Z*a Z* `*+\b1 +mW\ ]\WZ\ ]\`Z\-`*eSh1aVSf S4\+`*31ZSyE V*V , oW1Vb`\ZZ\YE b*V S , ]1h*bO Z\Y ,S/1D 1V\b\`m1 `*+\bZSVSE V*V S q `*Znj1E ]\ab\qZZ\ ]1`1amW*WS /`d- /`d-d Z1]`Sab\yZm1 V*`bSZVSD ) \bh*qZZ\ +\`\Waq a\ a,\SY ]`Sab`*O abS1YE Z\ a\b`d/ZSVSE V*4*W\anE ]\ab*,SWS a1+1 g1Wn aW\YSbn Y1ZqD \-/* q \+`*bSWaq 4* a\,1b\Y V ,S/1b1WpE V\b\`my S4dh*W a\ YZ\y S+WSpD Z ,ZSY*b1WnZ\ aWdj*WE ]\V* q S4WS,*W 1Yd a,\1 a1`/g1D ]\Y\knp +S+W1yaVSf abSf\, \Z ]\V*4*W YZ1E V*V +\`\bnaq a ob\y ]*-d+Z\y ]`S,mhV\yE S ]\+d/SW Z*ab\yhS,\ Y\WSbnaq 1-\,1 L a*W\Y 55=B7;MD *VOb\ `*4 q a\4,*W ,ap Z*jd +`S-*/dD \-/* ,a1 a\+`*WSanE q ]\]`\aSW ]`SZ1abS ]S,\ /,dY a\b`d/ZSV*YE V\b\`m1E V*V ,a1 4Z*WSE +\`\WSan a ]`Sab`*abS1Y V *WV\-\WpD aq +`S-*/* 4*]`\O b1ab\,*W*B w m hb\HI ZS ,1/n +\`pbaq a 4*,SO aSY\abnpIx \-/* q \b,1bSWB w q b\31xD b\-\ /Zq a\b`d/ZSVS ab*WS d,*3*bn Y\1 `1j1ZS1 ]\O `,*bn a ]\`Z\-`*eS1y S +\Wnj1 Z1 ]mb*WSan aVW\O ZSbn Y1Zq V ]`13Z1Yd \+`*4d 3S4ZSD \ ,`1Y1Z1YE ,\ YZ\-\Y +W*-\/*`q ]\Y\kS 1O -\,mE q ]`1\/\W1W a,\p 4*,SaSY\abnD 5=== -\/d q V`1abSWaq S ab*W ,S/1b1W1Y 1-\,mD ) \h1Zn `*/E hb\ d Y1Zq ]\q,SWaq ,b\`\y j*Za Z*h*bn hSO abdpE ah*abWS,dp 3S4ZnD 1]1`n q ]\ZSY*pE ]\h1Yd 1-\,* Z1Z*,S/Sb b\E hb\ YZ1 b*V /\W-\ Z`*,SW\anD *V Wp+qkSy b1gE 1-\,* f\b1W 4*kSbSbn Y1Zq \b ,`1/* ]\`Z\-`*O eSSD *V 31 ,1`Zm aW\,* S4 `Sbh 7B9E :I *Y aV*O 4*Z\B w \W*-*yaq Z* 1-\,d ,a1Y a,\SY a1`/g1Y S Z1 Z*/1yaq Z* a,\1 a\+ab,1ZZ\1 ]\ZSY*ZS1D \YO ZS \ Z1Y Z* ,a1f a,\Sf ]dbqfE S \Z a/1W*1b b,\S ]dO bS ]`qYmYSxD S+W1yaVS1 Z\`Ym /Wq Z*a Z1 b\WnO V\ 4*kSb*E Z\ S -*`*ZbSq da]1f* L a*W\Y 5B5P7MD " & ) ˝ ˛ &D *Znj1 q +mW a*Y a1+1 ]`\bS,1ZE * a1yh*a \+`1W a*Y\d,*31ZS1 S YS` , /dj1D ) ,1/d Z`*,ab,1ZZ\ hSabdp 3S4Zn S hd,ab,dpE hb\ 1-\,* ]`\abSW Y1ZqD ) \kdO k*p 1-\ ]\//1`3VdD 6>>> -\/d q 31ZSWaq Z* *`\WSZE ]`1V`*aZ\y f`SabS*ZV1E V\b\`*q Wp+Sb 1-\,d b*V 31 aSWnZ\E V*V S qD *j /\Y P bSO f*q -*,*ZnD m ahSb*1Y 4* h1abn ]`SZ*/W13*bn V Wp+qk1Yd Y13/dZ*`\/Z\Yd +`*bab,dE V\b\`\1 \bO WSh*1baq Y\`*WnZ\y hSab\b\yD ˇ Š 8 6>5:

57

Ëš Ë? Ëš Ëš Ëš "˚• Ë? Ë› Ëš Ëš WS ,m a1+q f`SabS*ZSZ\YH ËšaWS /*E b\ ,m \/SZ S4 +\W11 /,df YSWWS*`/\, h1O W\,1VE V\b\`m1 ]`ShSaWqpb a1+q V ]\aW1/\,*b1O WqY Sada* `Sab*EP * ob\ ]\hbS V*3/my b`1bSy 3Sb1Wn Z*j1y ]W*Z1bmD 1-\/Zq adk1ab,dpb bmO aqhS f`SabS*ZaVSf b1h1ZSyE Z\ Sf dh1ZSq aSWnO Z\ `*af\/qbaqD \ob\Yd ,*j1 ]`1/ab*,W1ZS1 \ f`SabS*Zab,1 Y\31b , V\`Z1 \bWSh*bnaq \b b\-\E ,\ hb\ ,1`qb /`d-S1 f`SabS*Z1D \ /1yab,Sb1WnO Z\ WS ,*3Z\E ,\ hb\ ,1`SbnH Ë™*E 1aWS ,m f\bSb1 Sa]\,1/\,*bn f`SabS*Zab,\ b*VE V*V ob\Yd dhSb S+WSqD

5

6

7

B b\ b*V\y \-H

) B

Ëš B 1-\,*E b1g Sada* `Sab*EP ,1hZmy \- S ,a1O Y\-dkSy \4/*b1Wn ,a1-\D

Ë™ w a1-/* +W*-\/*`SY \-*E bg* Z*j1-\ \a]\/*

Sada* `Sab*E V\-/* Y\WSYaq 4* ,*ax L \W\aaqZ*Y 5B7MD Ë™ wË™\ab\SZ bmE 1-\,*E Z*j \-E ]`SZqbn aW*,dE h1abn S aSWdE ]\b\Yd hb\ bm a\b,\`SW ,a1x L bV`\,1ZS1 8B55MD Ë™ *V31 aY\b`Sb1 SYWqZ*Y 5>B57C 5 SY\e1p 5B5;D

B b\ b*V\y Sada `Sab\aH

) B

Ëš B Sada `Sab\a P

]1`,\`\/Zmy mZ \-*D Sada +mW a\b,\`1ZE ]\ob\Yd d Z1-\ +mW\ Z*h*W\D Sada ]\/\bh1b1Z \-d S Sa]\WZq1b 1-\ ,\WpD

Ë™ w b1g +\Wnj1 Y1Zqx L \*ZZ* 58B6<MD Ë™ w Z Sada P \+`*4 Z1,S/SY\-\ \-*E ]1`,1Z1g S4 ,a1-\ b,\`1ZSqx L \W\aaqZ*Y 5B59MD Ë™ *V31 aY\b`Sb1 *be1q 6:B7=C 5 \`SZeqZ*Y 59B6<D

B b\ b*V\1 a,qb\y /dfH

) B

Ëš B ,qb\y /df P ob\ \3nq

˙ w \-/* ˚WS4*,1b* daWmj*W* ]`S,1bab,S1 *`SSE YW*/1Z1g , 11 db`\+1 ]\/]`m-ZdWE S ˚WS4*,1b* Sa]\WZSW*an a,qb\-\ /df*x L dVS 5B85MD ˙ w m ]\WdhSb1 aSWdE V\-/* Z* ,*a a\y/1b a,qb\y /dfx L˙1qZSq 5B<MD ˙ *V31 aY\b`Sb1 mbS1 5B6C ˙1qZSq 6B5P8C 5>B7<D

aSW*E a ]\Y\knp V\b\`\y \\adk1ab,Wq1b a,\p ,\WpD 'b\ Z1 WShZ\abnD p/S Y\-db Sa]\WZSbnaq a,qbmY /df\YC 1-\ Y\3Z\ ]\WdhSbnD

58

*ZZS1 ]\aW1/\,*b1WS Sada* `Sab* ab*WS S4,1abZm V*V f`SabS*Z1 L˙1qZSq 55B6:MD b\ ,`1O Yq Z1 +mW\ Z1\+f\/SY\abS , V*V\YOb\ /`d-\Y Z*O 4,*ZSSE ]\aV\WnVd b\-/* adk1ab,\,*W* WSjn \/O Z* f`SabS*ZaV*q ,1`*D a1E Vb\ 11 Sa]\,1/\,*WE aW1/\,*WS dh1ZSqY S 4*]\,1/qY \aZ\,*b1Wq f`SO abS*Zab,*E Sada* `Sab*D hb\ Y\3Z\ aV*4*bn \ ,*j1y g1`V,SH hSb*1b1 WS ,mE hb\ 11 dh1ZSq a\O \b,1bab,dpb b\YdE h1Yd dhSW `Sab\a S h1-\ ]`SO /1`3S,*WSan 1-\ ]1`,m1 dh1ZSVSH *V ob\ Y\3Z\ ]`\,1`SbnH ˚abn b\WnV\ \/SZ a]\a\+ P ,4qbn 4* ob*W\Z S+WSpD

Ë?Ëš ) " )

Ë›*/dY*yb1anB Sada `Sab\a -Wd+\V\ d,*3*W ,qk1ZZ\1 Sa*ZS1 S \bZ\aSWaq V Z1Yd V*V V W\,d \-*D Z \ad3/*W b1fE Vb\ `*4+*,WqW +S+W1yaVS1 dh1ZSq h1W\,1h1aVSYS b`*/SgSqYS L *`V* ;B=P57MD \ob\Yd W\-ShZ\ 4*VWphSbnE hb\ SabSZZm1 ]\aW1/\,*b1WS `Sab* +d/db \aZ\,mO ,*bn a,\S dh1ZSq Z* S+WSSD a,q4S a obSY V*3O /\Yd f`SabS*ZSZd Zd3Z\ a]`\aSbn a1+qB w \-W*O adpbaq WS dh1ZSq Y\1y g1`V,S a b1YE hb\ 4*]SO a*Z\ , S+WSSHx m aY\31b1 \b,1bSbn Z* ob\b ,\]`\aE a`*,ZS, dh1ZSq ,*j1y g1`V,S a S+WS1yD Sada aV*4*WE hb\ Z*j1 ]\VW\Z1ZS1 \-d /\WO 3Z\ +mbn \aZ\,*Z\ Z* SabSZ1 P SabSZ1 S4 S+O WSS L \*ZZ* 8B68C 5;B5;MD *]\ab\W *,1W aV*4*WE hb\ Z*j1 a]*a1ZS1 4*,SaSb \b wb\hZ\-\ 4Z*ZSq SabSZmx L5 SY\e1p 6B8MD *V ,S/Z\E Z*Y V`*yZ1 ,*3Z\ \aZ\,m,*bn a,\S d+13/1ZSq Z* b\hZ\Y 4Z*ZSS +S+W1yaV\y SabSZmD 1/n \b ob\-\ 4*,SO aSb Z*j1 a]*a1ZS1I

8

˙˚ & ˚ ˚ ˚ `\hSb*yb1 j1abn ,\]`\a\,E ]`S,1/1ZZm1 ZSO 31E S \+`*bSb1 ,ZSY*ZS1 Z* b\E V*V \b,1h*1b Z* ZSf S+WSqD bV`\yb1 , a,\1y S+WSS abSfSE V\O b\`m1 gSbS`dpbaqE S ]\`*4YmjWqyb1 Z*/ \b,1b*O YSD ˛*b1Y a]`\aSb1 a1+qB w \-W*adpbaq WS dh1O ZSq Y\1y g1`V,S a b1YE hb\ aV*4*Z\ , W\,1 \-*Hx 'b\b Z1+\Wnj\y b1ab ]\Y\31b ,*Y a/1W*bn a*O Y\1 ,*3Z\1 a`*,Z1ZS1 , ,*j1y 3S4ZSD \b\,m WS ,m a\]\ab*,Sbn S /`d-S1 dh1ZSq ,*j1y g1`V,S a b1YE hb\ -\,\`Sbaq , S+WSSH ,S/1b1WS 1-\,m +d/db `*/m ]\Y\hn ,*Y , ,*jSf SaaW1/\,*ZSqf +S+W1yaV\y SabSZmD m Y\31b1 WShZ\ ]\]`\aSbn V\-\Ob\ S4 ZSf \ b\YE hb\+m a ,*YS ]`\,\/SWS +1a]W*bZ\1 S4dh1ZS1 S+WSSE SWS ]\a1bSb1 Z*j a*yb jw.orgD ˇ

B b\ b*V\1 *`ab,\ \-*H

) B

Ëš B *`ab,\ \-* P ob\ Z1+1aO Z\1 ]`*,Sb1Wnab,\C Sada `SO ab\a P 1-\ *`nD aV\`1 ob\ *`ab,\ Sa]\WZSb ,\Wp \-* Z* ,a1y 41YW1D

Ë™ wË›*b`d+SW a1/nY\y *Z-1W P S Z* Z1+1 `*4/*WSan -`\YVS1 -\W\a*E -\,\`qkS1B t 1]1`n g*`aV*q ,W*abn Z*/ YS`\Y ]`SZ*/W13Sb Z*j1Yd \a]\/d S 1-\ `SabdD Z +d/1b g*`ab,\,*bn ,\ ,1VS ,1V\,rx L bV`\,1ZS1 55B59MD Ë™ *V31 aY\b`Sb1 Ë™*ZSSW* 6B88C *be1q :B=E 5>D

WS ,a1 f\`\jS1 9 Wp/S Z* /db Z1+\H B

Ëš B 1bD \-W*aZ\ 4*YmaWd \O

-*E Z* Z1+\ S/1b WSjn Z1+\Wnj*q -`d]]* ,1`Zmf f`SabS*ZE V\b\`*q Z*4m,*1baq wY*WmY ab*/\YxD ZS +d/db ]`*,Sbn h1W\,1h1ab,\Y ,Y1ab1 a `Sab\YD

*V\,* ,\Wq \-* , \bZ\O : j1ZSS 41YWS S h1W\,1h1ab,*H B

Ëš B \/ ]`*,W1ZS1Y *`ab,*

\-* 41YWq ab*Z1b `*1Y S ,1`Zm1 \-d Wp/S \+`1bdb a\,1`j1ZZ\1 4/\`\,n1D ZS +d/db 3Sbn ,1hZ\ , YS`1 S ah*abn1D

) B

Ë™ w 1 +\yaqE Y*W\1 ab*/\E ]\b\Yd hb\ ,*j1Yd bgd +mW\ d-\/Z\ /*bn ,*Y g*`ab,\x L dVS 56B76MD Ë™ w ZS +d/db a,qk1ZZSV*YS \-* S `Sab* S +d/db g*`ab,\,*bn a ZSYx L bV`\,1ZS1 6>B:MD Ë™ *V31 aY\b`Sb1 bV`\,1ZS1 58B5E 7D

) B

Ë™ w `\bVS1 Z*aW1/dpb 41YWp S Z*aW*/qbaq \+SWS1Y YS`*x L a*W\Y 7;B5>E 55MD Ë™ w Z \b`1b ,aqVdp aW14d a Sf -W*4E S aY1`bS d31 Z1 +d/1bE ZS aV\`+SE ZS ,\]WqE ZS +\WS d31 Z1 +d/1bD `13Z11 ]`\jW\x L bV`\,1ZS1 65B7E 8MD Ë™ *V31 aY\b`Sb1 a*W\Y 7;B6=C 6 1b`* 7B57D

)H

`S/dY*Z* WS `1WS-Sq Wp/nYSH

+q4*b1WnZ\ WS ]`SZ*/W13*bn V V*V\yOZS+d/n `1WS-SSH

˚ %˚ ( E hb\ `1WS-Sp ,m/dY*WS

Wp/SD ˙`d-S1 ,1`qbE hb\ `1WS-Sq P \b \-* S hb\ \Z* ]\Y\-*1b Z*Y ]`S+WS4Sbnaq V Z1YdD hb\ /dY*1b1 ,mH

% % ˚ H

˙ ˙*

˙ 1 4Z*p

)

)

w d/1Y ,ZSY*b1WnZm /`d- V /`d-dE hb\+m ]\O +d3/*bn V Wp+,S S /\+`mY /1W*YE Z1 \ab*,O Wqq Z*jSf a\,Y1abZmf ,ab`1hx L˚,`1qY 5>B68E 69MD \- f\h1bE hb\+m 1-\ aWd3Sb1WS a\+S`*WSan ,Y1ab1 /Wq ]\VW\Z1ZSq 1YdD

dk1ab,d1b w]\VW\Z1ZS1E hSab\1 S Z1\aVO ,1`Z1ZZ\1 , -W*4*f Z*j1-\ \-* S bg*x L *V\,* 5B6;MD Sab\1E b\ 1abn SabSZZ\1E ]\VW\Z1ZS1E SWS `1WS-SqEP \b \-*D ˚#˚ ˝ ˛ & ˛

˚#˚ ˝ ˛ & ˛

˙ b\+m `1WS-Sq +mW* d-\/Z* \-dE \Z* /\W3Z* \aZ\,m,*bnaq Z* +S+W1yaV\y SabSZ1 L \*ZZ* 8B67E 68MD ˙ 1aaYmaW1ZZ\ Sa]\,1/\,*bn `1WS-SpE , \aZ\,1 V\b\`\y h1W\,1h1aVS1 b`*/SgSS L *`V* ;B;E <MD

1Yd Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 dhSb S+WSqH

˙ 1b

˙ b1fE Vb\ ]\VW\Zq1baq \-dE /\W3Z\ +mbn 1/SZab,\ ,\ ,4-Wq/*f L5 \`SZeqZ*Y 5B5>E 55MD ˙ 1E Vb\ Sa]\,1/dpb `1WS-SpE V\b\`dp \/\+`q1b \-E a\ab*,Wqpb Y13/dZ*`\/Z\1 +`*bab,\ L5 1b`* 6B5;MD

\3*Wdyab*E ]`SjWSb1 YZ1 VZS-d w 1Yd Z* a*Y\Y /1W1 dhSb S+WSqHx

)˛%

\Wnj1 SZe\`Y*gSS Y\3Z\ Z*ybS , 59Oy -W*,1 ob\y VZS-SE S4/*ZZ\y

,S/1b1WqYS 1-\,m

˙ ˚

*V31 /\abd]Z* Z* a*yb1 jw.org

s

n o

1a]W*bZ\ aV*h*yb1 ob\b S ]`1/m/dkS1 ,m]daVS

p

Sb*yb1 S+WSp \ZW*yZ ]`SY1`Z\ Z* 57> q4mV*f

˛*y/Sb1 Z* a*yb www.jw.org/ru SWS \baV*ZS`dyb1 V\/

wp16.4-U 160323

]Sa\V */`1a\, aY\b`Sb1 Z* ab`*ZSg1 6

Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.