Mycotoxin Occurrence in 2018 US Corn, Corn Silage, and Corn By-products Update March 1, 2019 Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
Sample Overview
7% 70% 2% 520 Samples from 30 States
9%
11%
1% Unknown Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
Sample Overview Sample Matrix
Sampling Reason 8%
12%
15%
16%
77% 72%
Corn
Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
Corn Silage
Corn By-products
Survey
Clinical
Unspecified
Mycotoxins & Analysis
Mycotoxin Group
Aflatoxins (AFLA)
A-Trichothecenes (A-Trich)
LC-MS/MS
B-Trichothecenes (B-Trich)
Fumonisins (FUM)
3 Labs
Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
Mycotoxins
Limit of Detection (ppb)
Aflatoxin B1
1.3
Aflatoxin B2
1.2
Aflatoxin G1
1.1
Aflatoxin G2
1.6
T-2
100.0
HT-2
100.0
Neosolaniol
100.0
Diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS)
100.0
Deoxynivalenol (DON/Vomitoxin)
100.0
Acetyldeoxynivalenol (A-DON)
100.0
Nivalenol (NIV)
100.0
Fusarenon X (FUS-X)
100.0
Fumonisin B1
100.0
Fumonisin B2
100.0
Fumonisin B3
100.0
Zearalenone (ZEN)
Zearalenone (ZEN)
Ocharatoxin A (OTA)
Ocharatoxin A (OTA)
51.7 1.1
Occurrence 2018: Corn, Corn Silage, By-products 100
93
Sample Matrix
16% 72%
Corn Corn Silage
% of Total Samples
80 12%
88
85
85
79
76
58
60 45 40 28 20
9
Corn By-products
1 0 B-Trich
FUM Corn
Corn Silage
ZEN Corn By-products
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
Afla
2
Occurrence: Corn 450 88
Percent of Total Samples
80 80
79
74 59
60
51
70
45
42
321
25
18
20 8 0
49 2012
8
278
25 6
14
2013
4
1 2014
2015 Afla
2016 B-Trich
ZEN
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
Naturally ahead
376
150
9
50 0
# Samples per year
Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
250
100
14
61
300
200
403
40 24
76
52
53
40
350
353
54
400
2017 FUM
2018
Total Samples Analyzed/Year
100
Occurrence: Corn By-Product 140
Percent of Total Samples
100
100
99
100 80
77
91
91
79
80
93 88 85
120 100 80
73 60 126
60
40 20 0
81
40 55
22
9
8
2
0 2015
0 2016
# Samples per year
2017 Afla
B-Trich
2018 ZEN
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
20
FUM
Total Samples Analyzed/Year
120
Occurrence: Corn Silage 100
250 85
Percent of Total Samples
80 80
60
200
100
40 26
0 2014
22
23 7 60 0 2015
# Samples per year
0
26
28
12
85
0
1
Naturally ahead
50
0 2016 Afla
2017 B-Trich
ZEN
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
150
132 25
20
58
156 41
40
208
59
2018 FUM
Total Samples Analyzed/Year
85
85
87
518
406
319
ppb (log scale)
1000
1,511
763
2,959
1,154
1,112
10000
4,004
Mean of Positives 2018: Corn, Corn Silage, Corn By-products
100
1 B-Trich
FUM Corn
Corn Silage
ZEN Corn By-products
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
Afla
3
4
10
Mean of Positives: Corn 100,000 21,652
ppb (log scale)
10,000
4,091 2,004
1,000
932
1,107
2,461 629
1,207
567 545
168 100
1,705
71 98
2,695 803
4,004 1,112 319
438
348
321
87
28
27
19
15
15
10 2012
2013
2014 Afla
ZEN
2015 B-Trich
2016 FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
2017
2018
Mean of Positives: Corn By-Product 10,000
4,410 1,997
1,931
ppb (log scale)
1,000
2,395
1,884
1,414 246
100
186
2,670 1,135 499
165
127
10
1
4 0 2015
2016 Afla
ZEN
2017 B-Trich
FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
3
2018
Mean of Positives: Corn Silage 10,000 1,893
ppb (log scale)
1,000
1,750 445
100
1,289
643
574
307
1,072
612
301
202
1,154 763 406
128 15
10
4
1 0
0
0
2015
2016
2017
0 2014
Afla
ZEN
B-Trich
FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
2018
Co-occurrence 2018: Corn, Corn Silage, Corn By-product Percent of Total Samples
100
90
80
72
62 60 40 26
26
20
12
5
2
5
0 <LOD
One Toxin Corn
Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
>1 Toxin
<LOD
One Toxin >1 Toxin Corn Silage
<LOD
One Toxin >1 Toxin
Corn By-products
Co-occurrence: Corn 80
73
73
Percent of Total Samples
70 60
59
46
50
46
47
47
41
42
37
40 31
33
30
25
23
21 17
20
12
10 10
11
4
2
0 2012
2013
2014 <LOD
Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
2015 1 Mycotoxin
2016 >1 Mycotoxin
2017
2018
Co-occurrence 2018: Corn 40 35
% of Total Samples
35 30 25 20
18
17
15
5
2
0 ND
<LOD
Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
9
8
10
4 0.3 Afla
2
0 B-Trich
FUM
One toxin
ZEN
3
1
Afla B-Trich B-Trich Others B-Trich + B-Trich + Others + FUM + FUM + ZEN FUM + FUM + ZEN Afla Two Toxins
> 2 Toxins
Co-occurrence: Corn By-products 100
98
94
2 0
6 0
5
2016
2017
2018
90
80
60
40
20
59
32
9
0 2015
<LOD
Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
1 Mycotoxin
>1 Mycotoxin
Co-occurrence 2018: Corn By-products 90
82
% of Total Samples
80 70 60 50 40
30 20 10
5
0 ND
<LOD
Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
0 Afla
3
2
0
0
B-Trich
FUM
ZEN
Afla + FUM
One toxin
5
3
B-Trich B-Trich + FUM + ZEN Two Toxins
0
0
0
Others B-Trich + B-Trich + Others FUM + FUM + ZEN Afla > 2 Toxins
Co-occurrence: Corn Silage 80 70 60
64 54
61
62
53
50 40 40
37 30
30
30
27
20 10 10
6
10
11
2017
2018
6
0 2014
2015
2016 <LOD
Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
1 Mycotoxin
>1 Mycotoxin
Co-occurrence 2018: Corn Silage 40
38
% of Total Samples
35 30 25
22 19
20 15
11
10 5
4
1
0
0 ND
<LOD
Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
Afla
6
B-Trich
FUM
One toxin
ZEN
0
0
0
0
Afla B-Trich B-Trich Others B-Trich + B-Trich + Others + FUM + FUM + ZEN FUM + FUM + ZEN Afla Two Toxins
> 2 Toxins
2018 Corn Risk by State: Afla n=2
n=5
n=47 2% 2
n=9
n=12 n=1 n=6 n=5
n=67
n=13 8% 53
n=1
n=1
n=12 17% 47
n=27 15% 20
n=36 6% 156
n=15 7% 25
n=21 n=2 50% 33 n=2 n=5; 80% 12
n=17
n=3 33% 1 n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 20 ppb State with average < 20 ppb State with samples < LOD (1 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=14 36% 51
n= 10 20% 35
n=21 29% 46
n=1 100% 1 n=15 n=2
20% 583
n=2 50% 46
2018 Corn Risk by State: B-Trich n=2 100% 1,173
n=5 100% 319
n=9 78% 567
n=67 99% 750
n=13 92% 877 n=1 100% 422
n=1 100% 386
n=12 58% 240
n=3 n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 1,000 ppb State with average < 1,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=47 94% 1,433
n=6 100% 2,786
n=36 86% 484
n=15 93% 513
n=27 41% 2,586
n= 10 50% 160
n=21 100% 2,931
n=2; 50% 170 n=17; 82% 510
n=21 n=14 21% 637
n=12 100% 2,311
n=2 50% 261
n=15 40% 616
n=5 100% 1,595 n=2 100% 59 n=5; 40% 278 n=1 100% 388
n=1 100% 344
n=2 100% 148
2018 Corn By-Product Risk by State: B-Trich
n=1 100% 357 n=1 100% 1,990 n=2 100% 803
• • • •
State with average > 1,000 ppb State with average < 1,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=2 100% 7,363
n=13 92% 4,579
n=21 90% 2,577
n=6 100% 1,626
n=1 100% 2,523
n=2 50% 122
n=1 100% 1,471
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values
n=2 100% 1,497
n=1 100% 1,172
n=3 100% 3,814
n=3 100% 3,885
2018 Corn Silage Risk by State: B-Trich n=4 100% 1605
n=1 100% 434 n=1 100% 105 n=7 85% 509
n=2
n=3 100% 596
n=17 82% 1,789
n=7 86% 738
n=3 33% 211
n=4 100% 1,220 n=1 100% 891 n=18 100% 1,423 n=1 100% 227
n=3 100% 1,219 n=3 100% 740 n=1
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 1,000 ppb State with average < 1,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=2 50% 208
n=1
2018 Corn Risk by State: FUM n=2
n=5 20% 100
n=9 89% 399
n=67 67% 964
n=13 100% 5,161
n=1 100% 5,600
n=1
n=12 100% 11,617
n=3 100% 7,733 n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 2,000 ppb State with average < 2,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=47 51% 770
n=14 79% 2,464
n=27 96% 12,362
n= 10 100% 9,930
n=10 83% 510
n=6 33% 250 n=15 87% 1,023
n=36 83% 1,489
n=21 67% 657
n=2; 100% 1,250
n=17; 100% 6,635 n=21 100% 2,386
n=2 100% 3,850
n=5 80% 3,525 n=2 100% 7,050 n=5;100% 11,060
n=1 100% n=15 1,400 100% 6,773
n=1 100% 2,600
n=2 100% 3,150
2018 Corn By-Product Risk by State: FUM
n=2 100% 300
n=13 85% 1,009
n=1
n=2 100% 11,800 n=2 100% 200
• • • •
State with average > 2,000 ppb State with average < 2,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=21 86% 1,356
n=6 100% 1,033
n=1 100% 1,100
n=2 100% 250
n=1 100% 300
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values
n=2 100% 1400
n=1 100% 300
n=3 67% 850
n=3 100% 2,367
2018 Corn Silage Risk by State: FUM n=4
n=3
n=17 6% 200
n=1
n=1
n=7
n=2 100% 350
n=7 43% 167
n=3
n=4 n=1 100% 100 n=18 50% 1,378
n=1
n=3 33% 400 n=3 100% 333 n=1
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 2,000 ppb State with average < 2,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=2 50% 800
n=1
2018 Corn Risk by State: ZEN n=2 100% 251
n=5 20% 591
n=9 33% 482
n=67 69% 308
n=13 77% 231
n=1 n=1 100% 100% 157 157
n=1
n=12 8% 81
n=3 n=3
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 100 ppb State with average < 100 ppb State with samples < LOD (51.7 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=47 70% 339
n=6 83% 187
n=36 50% 171
n=21 86% 408
n=15 13% 167
n=5 80% 290
n=27 11% 1883
n=2 n=5 n=17; 47% 196
n=1 n=1
n= 10
n=2
n=15 7% 64
n=1
n=2 n=2
n=21 n=14 14% 228
n=12 92% 278
2018 Corn By-Product Risk by State: ZEN
n=2 100% 138
n=13 92% 676
n=1
n=2 100% 358 n=2 50% 74
• • • •
State with average > 100 ppb State with average < 100 ppb State with samples < LOD (51.7 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=21 81% 630
n=6 100% 387
n=1 100% 295
n=2
n=1 100% 146
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state _: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values
n=2 100% 618
n=1 100% 135
n=3 100% 310
n=3 100% 487
2018 Corn Silage Risk by State: ZEN n=4 100% 582
n=3 100% 68
n=17 65% 419
n=1
n=1 100% 60 n=7 n=2
n=7 71% 336
n=3
n=4 75% 429 n=1 100% 126 n=18 72% 476 n=1 100%; 55
n=3 100% 800 n=3 67% 201 n=1
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state _: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 100 ppb State with average < 100 ppb State with samples < LOD (51.7 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
n=2 n=1
2018 Corn Survey Summary Corn
Corn Silage
Corn By-product
98% Positive vs. 89% in 2017
89% Positive vs. 91% in 2017
95% Positive vs. 100% in 2017
73% >1 MTX vs. 47% in 2017
62% >1 MTX vs. 30% in 2017
90% >1 MTX vs. 94% in 2017
B-Trich: 76% vs 70%
B-Trich: 85% vs 85%
B-Trich: 93% vs 99%
FUM: 79% vs 52% ZEN: 45% vs 25%
FUM: 28% vs 12%
FUM: 88% vs 91% ZEN: 85 vs 80%
ZEN: 58% vs 26%
Forecast for livestock production in 2019 MED to HIGH risk Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2019
Questions? raj.murugesan@biomin.net
erika.hendel@biomin.net
paige.gott@biomin.net
Thank You Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2019