Mycotoxin Occurrence in 2019 US Corn, Corn By-products, and Corn Silage Update Jan 10, 2020 Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2020
Sample Overview
87%
3%
0% 231 Samples from 22 States
7%
1%
47 samples with clinical cases excluded 2% Unknown Naturally ahead Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2020
Sample Overview Sample Matrix
16%
10%
74%
Corn
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Corn By-product
Corn Silage
Mycotoxins & Analysis
Mycotoxin Group
Aflatoxins (AFLA)
A-Trichothecenes (A-Trich)
LC-MS/MS
B-Trichothecenes (B-Trich)
Fumonisins (FUM)
3 Labs
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Mycotoxins
Limit of Detection (ppb)
Aflatoxin B1
1.3
Aflatoxin B2
1.2
Aflatoxin G1
1.1
Aflatoxin G2
1.6
T-2
100.0
HT-2
100.0
Neosolaniol
100.0
Diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS)
100.0
Deoxynivalenol (DON/Vomitoxin)
100.0
Acetyldeoxynivalenol (A-DON)
100.0
Nivalenol (NIV)
100.0
Fusarenon X (FUS-X)
100.0
Fumonisin B1
100.0
Fumonisin B2
100.0
Fumonisin B3
100.0
Zearalenone (ZEN)
Zearalenone (ZEN)
Ocharatoxin A (OTA)
Ocharatoxin A (OTA)
51.7 1.1
Occurrence 2019: Corn, Corn By-Product, Corn Silage 120
Sample Matrix
10% 74%
% of Total Samples
16%
100
100
80
77
100
95
96
76
60 43 40
35
Corn Corn By-product Corn Silage
20 5
2
4
0 B-Trich
FUM
Corn
Corn By-product
ZEN
Corn Silage
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
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Afla
0
Occurrence: Corn 100
500 88
% of Total Samples
80
74
69
76
59
60
54
51
40
45 279
24
25
321 18
20 8
8
49
61
2012
2013
40
371
288
24
400 350 300
43
250 200
171
150 100
7 1
10 50
4 2
0 2014 Samples per year
2015 Afla
2016 B-Trich
2017 ZEN
2018 FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
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76
14
14
#
Š BIOMIN America Inc. 2020
77
442
52
53
40
0
79
79
2019
Total Samples Analyzed/Year
450
81
Occurrence: Corn By-product 99
100
92
90
89
% of Total Samples
80
77
120
100
85
83
73
100 96
93
100
80
71
60 60 40
96 40
75 61 20 22
20
9
8
23 4
2
0 0 2015
2016
#
Samples per year
2017 Afla
2018 B-Trich
ZEN
2019 FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
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0
Total Samples Analyzed/Year
100
Occurrence: Corn Silage 100
95
75
% of Total Samples
100 110
80
85 55
60 50
60
62 40
35
42 24
40
24
36
22
37
20
20
8 0
7 0
1
2017
2018
0
0 2015
2016
#
Samples per year
Afla
5 0 0
B-Trich
ZEN
2019 FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
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Total Samples Analyzed/Year
87 80
120
89
238
695
3,300
4,500
364
911
100 100
36
ppb (log scale)
1000
3,076
10000
1,340
Mean of Positives 2019: Corn, Corn By-product, Corn Silage
5
10
1 B-Trich
FUM Corn
Corn By-product
ZEN Corn Silage
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
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Afla
Mean of Positives: Corn 21,652 20,000 3,892
ppb (log scale)
2,004 2,000
200
932
11,016
2,461
1,245
545
168 71
1,167
4,500 911
569
564
629
98 20
2,390
1,706
3,299
485
348
269
29
310 134
364
28
19
16
16 5
2 2012
2013
2014 Afla
2015 ZEN
2016 B-Trich
2017
FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
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2018
2019
Mean of Positives: Corn By-product 10,000 3,175
2,856
2,026
1,884
ppb (log scale)
1,000
1,931
1,452 229
100
1,516
2,452
527
3,300 3,076 695
189
165 36
10
1 1 2015
4
4
2016
2017
3
0
Afla
ZEN
B-Trich
2018 FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
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2019
Mean of Positives: Corn Silage 10,000 1,501
1,693 1,000
615
ppb (log scale)
875 307 100
627
826
338
505
1,340 238
160
158
0
0
0
0
0
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
118
100
10
1
0 Afla
ZEN
B-Trich
FUM
B-Trichothecenes include Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol, Fusarenon-X, Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol A-Trichothecenes and Ochratoxin A are not presented due to insignificant positive samples
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Co-occurrence 2019: Corn, Corn By-product, Corn Silage 120 100
% of Total Samples
100
80 64 59
60
40
38
33
20 3 0 <LOD
One Toxin Corn
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>1 Toxin
0
0
<LOD
One Toxin Corn By-Product
3 >1 Toxin
<LOD
One Toxin Corn Silage
>1 Toxin
Co-occurrence: Corn 80
73
72
70
% of Total Samples
60
64 59 46
50
46
47
46
41
42
37
40 31
33
30
25
25
21
33
17
20
12
11
10 10
3
2
3
2018
2019
0 2012
2013
2014 <LOD
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2015 1 Mycotoxin
2016 >1 Mycotoxin
2017
Co-occurrence 2019: Corn 40 34
% of Total Samples
35 30 25 20
20
18 14
15 10 5
6 3 0.0
0 ND
<LOD
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Afla
B-Trich
FUM
One toxin
0
1
ZEN
Afla + FUM
1 B-Trich + FUM
B-Trich + ZEN
Two Toxins
Others
1 B-Trich + B-Trich + FUM + FUM + ZEN Afla > 2 Toxins
1 Others
Co-occurrence: Corn By-product 100
95
90
5
5
98
100
80
60
40
59
32
20 9
2 0 2015
0 2016
2017 <LOD
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0
0 1 Mycotoxin
2018 >1 Mycotoxin
2019
Co-occurrence 2019: Corn By-product
% of Total Samples
120 96
100 80 60
40 20 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ND
Afla
B-Trich
FUM
ZEN
Afla + FUM
B-Trich + FUM
B-Trich + ZEN
Others
<LOD
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One toxin
Two Toxins
0 B-Trich + B-Trich + FUM + FUM + ZEN Afla > 2 Toxins
4 Others
Co-occurrence: Corn Silage 80 70 61 60
66
64
59
53
50 40
35
38
36
30
27
27
9
11
20 10
11
3
2015
2016
3
0 2017 <LOD
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1 Mycotoxin
2018 >1 Mycotoxin
2019
Co-occurrence 2019: Corn Silage
% of Total Samples
60
57
50 40 32 30
20 10 3 0 ND
<LOD
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3
0 Afla
B-Trich
FUM
One toxin
0
0
ZEN
Afla + FUM
3 B-Trich + FUM
0 B-Trich + ZEN
Two Toxins
Others
0
0
B-Trich + B-Trich + FUM + FUM + ZEN Afla > 2 Toxins
3 Others
2019 Corn Risk by State: B-Trich n=1 100% 332
n=14 100% 1,171
n=1 100% 558
n=16 94% 1,054
n=19 84% 1,069 n=2 50% 372
n=1 n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 1,000 ppb State with average < 1,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2020
n=24 96% 1,489
n=2
n=27 41% 428
n=4 25% 192
n=12 83% 1,244
n=1 100% 681 n=13 85% 462 n=12 n=10 100% 70% 439 902 n=4 75% 465
n=1 100% 1,600
n=1 n=4 50% 109
n=1 100% 178
2019 Corn Risk by State: FUM n=1
n=8 13% 300
n=24 63% 320
n=1 n=16 81% 969
n=19 95% 8,789
n=1 100% 5,600
n=2 100% 5,750 n=1 n=4 100% 100% 1,700 6,275
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 2,000 ppb State with average < 2,000 ppb State with samples < LOD (100 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2020
n=2 100% 2,250
n=27 100% 9,993 n=4 100% 7,550
n=12 100% 1,492
n=1 n=13 62% 700 n=12 n=10 92% 20% 2,673 1,250 n=4 100% 2,425
n=17; 100% 6,635 n=4 n=2 100% 100% 4,950 3,850
n=1 100% 1,500
n=1 100% 200
n=1 n=1 100% 100% 4,000 1,400
n=3 100% 600
2019 Corn Risk by State: ZEN n=1
n=14 50% 250
n=24 75% 562
n=1 n=16 63% 249
n=19 47% 377
n=1 n=1 100% 100% 157 157
n=2
n=4 n=3 n=1
n: # of samples submitted/state N%: % of samples tested positive/state xത: average in ppb Risk to livestock based upon threshold levels according to FDA and EU regulatory and guidance values • • • •
State with average > 100 ppb State with average < 100 ppb State with samples < LOD (51.7 ppb) No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2020
n=27 22% 220
n=12 58% 289
n=1 n=13 23% 456 n=10 20% 128
n=12 67% 417
n=1 100% 105
n=4 50% 214
n=1 n=1 n=1
n=4
n=2 n=4
n=1
n=2 n=3 100% 405
2019 Corn Co-occurrence by State n=1 1
n=14 1.86
n=24 2.38
n=1 1 n=16 2.38
n=19 2.26
n=1 3.0
n=12 2.33
n=1 1 n=13 1.77
n=4 n=1 1.50 1
n=10 1.1
n=12 2.58
n=4 2.5
n=27 1.63
n=2 1.5
n=1 3
n=17 2.35 n=4 1.25
n=2 n=4 1.50 1.5
n=1 n=1 3
n=1 3.0 1
National Toxin/Sample = 1.97 n: # of samples submitted/state xത: average toxins per sample • • • •
State with average toxins/sample >2 State with average toxins/sample >1 and ≤ 2 State with average toxins/sample ≤1 No sample submitted Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2020
n=2 1.5
n=2 3.0
2019 Corn Survey Summary Corn
Corn By-products
Corn Silage
97% Positive vs. 98% in 2018
100% Positive vs. 95% in 2018
97% Positive vs. 93% in 2018
64% >1 MTX vs. 73% in 2018
100% >1 MTX vs. 95% in 2018
38% >1 MTX vs. 66% in 2018
B-Trich: 77% vs 76%
B-Trich: 100% vs 93%
B-Trich: 95% vs 89%
FUM: 76% vs 79% ZEN: 43% vs 45%
FUM: 100% vs 90%
FUM: 5% vs 22% ZEN: 35% vs 55%
ZEN: 96% vs 85%
Forecast for livestock production in 2019 MED to HIGH risk Naturally ahead © BIOMIN America Inc. 2020
Questions? chasity.pender@biomin.net lan.zheng@biomin.net
erika.hendel@biomin.net
paige.gott@biomin.net
https://www.biomin.net/us/survey/
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