BIOMIN World Mycotoxin Survey
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The Global Threat 2017 Q1
Naturally ahead
BIOMIN World Mycotoxin Survey
39% 55% 86% 26% 75% 11%
Figure 1. Global map of mycotoxin occurrence and risk in different regions. Legend ■ Moderate risk: 0-25% of samples above risk threshold ■ High risk: 26-50% of samples above risk threshold ■ Severe risk: 51-75% of samples above risk threshold ■ Extreme risk: 76-100% of samples above risk threshold ■ No samples tested
2
20% 73% 86% 35% 47% 7%
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
0% 27% 79% 49% 26% 10%
Middle East Total Risk 44%
43% 39% 64% 23% 82% 31%
Northern Europe Total Risk 45%
Central Europe Total Risk 71% Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
Africa Total Risk 65%
Southern Europe Total Risk 75%
Afla 6% ZEN 61% DON 77% T2 7% FUM 73% OTA 8%
South/Cemtral America Total Risk 77%
North America Total Risk 85%
The Global Threat 2017 Q1
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
33% 52% 68% 2% 63% 33%
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
15% 30% 44% 14% 58% 9%
31% 55% 84% 54% 49% 40%
East Asia Total Risk 88%
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
14% 60% 91% 3% 84% 8%
14 244
54
Co-contamination 100%
76%
South-East Asia Total Risk 62%
50%
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
Afla ZEN DON T2 FUM OTA
54% 46% 50% 4% 87% 22%
78% 8% 23% 2% 83% 70%
18% 6% 0%
<limit of detection
1 mycotoxin
more than 1 mycotoxin
Number of mycotoxins per sample based on samples tested for 3 or more mycotoxins.
Risk Level
The risk level expresses the percentage of samples testing positive for at least one mycotoxin above the threshold level in parts per billion (ppb). Oceania Total Risk 25%
South Asia Total Risk 65%
Eastern Europe Total Risk 35%
3 715
Afla 9% ZEN 32% DON 38% T2 4% FUM 37% OTA 4%
Afla
ZEN
DON
T-2
FUM
OTA
2
50
150
50
500
10
DISCLAIMER BIOMIN GmbH and the authors had no influence on the sampling process of the investigated samples. Therefore, the contamination levels found in the samples do not necessarily reflect the actual contamination level of these regions/commodities. However, the samples provide more insight into the range and levels of mycotoxins which can be found in diverse commodities of various regions. Mycofix® is not available in the US and Canada. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Special thanks go to Biofarma Feedlab, Argentina, Labocea, France, LAMIC, Brazil and Dr. Anika Steinhoff- Ooster, Tiergesundheitsdienst Bayern e.V. for sharing their mycotoxin analysis results as part of this survey. Mycotoxin Report is published by BIOMIN Holding GmbH, Erber Campus, 3131 Getzersdorf, Austria, Tel: +43 2782 8030, www.biomin.net
Moderate risk
Extreme risk
©Copyright BIOMIN Holding GmbH, 2017. All rights reserved. Any kind of reprint, reproduction, or any other kind of usage – whether partially or to the full extent only allowed upon prior written approval by BIOMIN Holding GmbH.
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BIOMIN World Mycotoxin Survey
The Global Threat 2017 Q1 Europe
Middle East
Afla 26%
Afla
ZEN 61%
ZEN
DON 82%
DON
T-2 40%
T-2
FUM 53%
FUM
OTA 20%
OTA
species risk assessment according to legend on page 2 and % positive samples
Total samples: 819
Afla
ZEN
DON
species risk assessment ac on page 2 and % positive s
T-2
FUM
OTA
Total samples: 50
Afla
Number of samples tested
391
740
783
555
461
395
Number of samples tested
33
% Contaminated samples
26%
61%
82%
40%
53%
20%
% Contaminated samples
15%
% Above risk threshold
9%
14%
55%
7%
19%
1%
% Above risk threshold
9%
Average of positives (ppb)
5
57
519
35
599
4
Average of positives (ppb)
3
Median of positives (ppb)
1
22
257
10
222
2
Median of positives (ppb)
2
121
1725
28470
914
8446
16
Maximum (ppb)
9
Maximum (ppb)
4
Africa
15%
Afla 33%
30%
ZEN 52%
44%
DON 68%
14%
T-2 2%
58%
FUM 63%
9%
OTA 33%
cording to legend samples
ZEN
DON
species risk assessment according to legend on page 2 and % positive samples
T-2
FUM
OTA
Total samples: 60
Afla
ZEN
DON
T-2
FUM
OTA
50
50
50
50
33
Number of samples tested
60
60
60
60
60
60
30%
44%
14%
58%
9%
% Contaminated samples
33%
52%
68%
2%
63%
33%
10%
20%
0%
28%
0%
% Above risk threshold
15%
17%
40%
0%
33%
2%
87
555
16
1336
2
Average of positives (ppb)
49
60
360
13
2302
4
32
137
15
258
1
Median of positives (ppb)
1
21
178
13
629
1
410
4801
24
8841
3
Maximum (ppb)
232
538
1436
13
14630
10
5
BIOMIN World Mycotoxin Survey
The Global Threat 2017 Q1 Asia
North America
Afla 25%
Afla
ZEN 50%
ZEN
DON 74%
DON
3%
T-2
FUM 78%
FUM
OTA 20%
OTA
T-2
species risk assessment according to legend on page 2 and % positive samples
species risk assessment ac on page 2 and % positive s
Total samples: 727
Afla
ZEN
DON
T-2
FUM
OTA
Total samples: 274
Afla
Number of samples tested
675
693
727
407
498
407
Number of samples tested
274
% Contaminated samples
25%
50%
74%
3%
78%
20%
% Contaminated samples
6%
% Above risk threshold
18%
36%
56%
0%
32%
4%
% Above risk threshold
5%
Average of positives (ppb)
56
360
727
34
1020
12
Average of positives (ppb)
26
Median of positives (ppb)
5
101
430
17
334
2
Median of positives (ppb)
8
2692
8113
11533
163
41022
129
Maximum (ppb)
6
Maximum (ppb)
139
South America
6%
Afla 39%
61%
ZEN 56%
77%
DON 86%
7%
T-2 26%
73%
FUM 75%
8%
OTA
cording to legend samples
11%
species risk assessment according to legend on page 2 and % positive samples
ZEN
DON
T-2
FUM
OTA
Total samples: 1 785
Afla
ZEN
DON
T-2
FUM
OTA
274
274
274
274
274
Number of samples tested
1412
1315
975
359
1100
63
61%
77%
7%
73%
8%
% Contaminated samples
39%
56%
86%
26%
75%
11%
55%
74%
0%
50%
1%
% Above risk threshold
30%
26%
85%
6%
66%
2%
217
1314
19
2720
5
Average of positives (ppb)
8
103
1064
50
2696
4
132
798
15
830
2
Median of positives (ppb)
4
47
900
34
1943
2
2776
11274
115
28605
39
Maximum (ppb)
1336
1120
5250
976
34860
14
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BIOMIN World Mycotoxin Survey
Multiple Mycotoxin
Overview
Multiple mycotoxin occurrence Spectrum 380® results 2016: the most comprehensive mycotoxin analysis available*
100
31%
Numbers of samples
80
24% 19%
60 15%
30
40 6%
20 4% 0
0% <10
10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 >=60 Metabolites in samples
mycotoxins and metabolites per sample
on average
9.5
10
out of samples contaminated with Fusarium toxins, Aspergillus toxins, or both
96+4 96%
Contained
10
or more mycotoxins and metabolites
304 samples
Mycotoxins & metabolites Average Maximum cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) 92% 1669
4789
Aurofusarin 76% 396
6056
Moniliformin 74% 127
2686
Beauvericin 72% 28 Brevianamid F
71% 58
Asperglaucide 71% 147 Deoxynivalenol 70%
Wheat: Enniatins 83%
Corn: Culmorin 61% Moniliformin 93% Beauvericin 80%
18467
cyclo(L-Pro-L-Tyr) 90% 532
Enniatin B1
730 6188
390 5646
70% 42
Zearalenone 69%
483
674
63 2748
Equisetin 69% 41
1462
Culmorin 67% 281
5099
Tryptophol 67% 454
16800
Asperphenamate 64% 41
1658
Enniatin B
63% 47
1056
Flavoglaucin 60% 37
1623
Rugulusovin 59% 80
862
Neoechinulin A
57% 56
950
3-Nitropropionic acid
56% 42
1794
Enniatin A1
56% 17
210
15-Hydroxyculmorin 54% 353
5397
Emodin 53% 39
1240
Fumonisin B1
52%
822 9115
Infectopyron 51% 1235
42160
Positive Samples [%] for metabolites present in more than 50% of samples (orange bars indicate regulated or guideline mycotoxins) Cut off for all metabolites 1 ppb (except for aflatoxins 0.5 ppb) * Spectrum 380® is developed and conducted by the world’s leading independent mycotoxin research lab at the Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln) at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna and offered through cooperation with BIOMIN.
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REP_MTXsurvey_Quater1_2017_EN_0417_PKO
In which raw materials are emerging mycotoxins most commonly found?