Brainfeed Magzine, January 2016 by Brainfeed Magazine

RNI No: APENG/2013/49994

Postal Regd. No: HD/1180/2016-2018

Posted at PC Secunderabad on January 7-8, 2016 Date of Publication: January 6, 2016 70

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January 2016 Volume III Issue 10

A MONTHLY EDUCATIONAL INITIATIVE

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REMEMBRANCE Lal Bahadur Shastri Rudyard Kipling

FESTIVALS Republic Day Makara Sankranti

HISTORY Indian Army Day

HEALTH Cold Weather Ailments - Winter

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“The LeaderShip Camp” an Overnight Adventure Camp

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25 INDIAN SCHOOLS OF

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co ntents January 2016

Cover Story

Should School Curriculum Be INTEGRATED TO LIFE?

volume III

issue 10

Education

Smart Reading

18 12

Remembrance

Lal Bahadur Shastri

13 Festivals

Makara Sankranti

46 Career

Nutritionist or Dietician

Mentor Speaks 28 Not Just a Teacher but Mentor for life

04 05 06 08 12 16 17 25 26 27

Readersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Column Editorial This Month at a Glance News Remembrance Bygone Luminaries Eduction - Sharing Stories Music Write Right Sports - Unicycle Hockey

32 33 34 36 38 40 42 44 45

Big Question Commemoration Kudos History - Indian Army Day Education - A Creative English Classroom Travel - BHUTAN Education - Part VII-A Space - Mercury Redstone 2 Science

48 Health - Cold Weather Ailments 50 Food 51 Technology 52 Language Study 53 British Council 54 Short Story 55 Quiz 56 Amazing Facts 58 Mind Mine january 16

Readers’Column Kudos to MS It was really a wonderful moment for me to see the article related to M S Subbulakshmi, famous carnatic singer. Today’s generation is familiar with the modern singers whereas they don’t have the idea of such great personalities. The article, short and sweet, was filled up with detailed information about MS as well as Carnatic Music.

NEW Concept

V. Padma, Teacher, Khammam

Natural Treatment Watch

Listen

Now you can read as well as listen to your favourite article and also watch videos on education, career, sports, skill building, entertainment and a lot more. Brainfeed magazine started presenting a new concept – that is you can listen to your favourite article being read by experts while you go through the article. And also watch videos of your interest from the list of videos given in the magazine. This is how it works • A QR code sign will be given along with the article or the video. • All you need is a QR code scanner or QR code reader app on your Smartphone. • Download the app from Google play store or Apple app store. • Open the application, focus and hold the camera on the QR code of the article or the video you want to listen to or watch. • Then the QR code will lead you to the audio file of an educational expert, read the article for you or to the video that you wanted to watch. Don’t you think this is cool – so go on, read like an expert reader by just listening to an expert reader, read an article for you or watch a video to learn about an issue or topic or to learn a new skill.

It is a fact that there is no proper medication for Dengue. The home remedies mentioned in the food column is really helpful and easily available also. One can prepare those things easily to consume it and build up the immunity to fight against this dreadly virus. Asmin Khan, Hyderabad

Request audio for French Brainfeed magazine has a good concept of QR code for both audio and video. It also provides a column for language study (French). It is a request from my side that the audio should be provided for language study which would be easy for the French learners like me to learn the pronunciation of the foreign words. J. Sivaraman, Std X, Chennai

Vanishing Reading Skills It is rightly said that books are our true friends. The special feature ‘Is Reading Skills Vanishing in students?’ proves that children are not into the habit of reading. The writer has given good suggestions for developing the habit of reading in children and improving reading skills. If the schools and students follow some of these techniques, there would be some improvement in reading habits. Poonam Kapoor, Teacher, Pune

Good choice for students I am a budding career counselor. I come across many parents who want their wards to pursue either medical or engineering. Recently I have gone through some of your magazine issues where different career options like Youtuber, Fashion designer, Hotel manager etc are covered up. I can even guide the parents by showing these issues that career is not only limited to doctors and engineers but unlimited options are there for the students according to their choice. Urmila D, Teacher, Career Counsellor, Hyderabad

january 16

Editorial january 2016

volume III

issue 10

Chief Editor Brahmam K V Editor Seshubabu P V Executive Editor Bhageeradha G +91 91775 13996 Sub Editor Vanalatha Reddy T Art & Design Lakshmi D Rakesh N Director-Sales SreeNivas R B +91 85018 26497 Circulation Hemachandra Rao S +91 91777 74851 +91 85018 26317 Printed, Published and Owned by Kakani Veera Brahmam

Printed at Kala Jyothi Process Pvt. Ltd. 1-1-60/5, RTC X Roads Hyderabad-500 020, Telangana, India

he New Year augurs new resolutions, new aspirations and new challenges to turn a new life! BRAINFEED had attempted to focus on most of these for the young readers. January issue has made a sincere attempt to bring out a plethora of events to come. ‘Education system needs to comply with the present needs’, said the President of India. Taking the cue, BRAINFEED has presented the cover story reflecting the words of the President. The bottom line of the news line is ‘CBSE text books to be made available on line’. The unknown side of dynamic Prime Minister late Lal Bahadur Shastri and the great English writer, Joseph Rudyard Kipling adorn ‘Remembrance’. The 67th Republic Day Celebrations in New Delhi will have a special guest Mr Francois Hollande, President of France. ‘Festivals’ highlight ‘Lohri’ – the Bonfire Festival , the Harvest Festival ‘Makar Sankranti and Magh Bihu of Assam. ‘By-Gone Luminaries’ focuses on controversial freedom fighter of yesteryear ‘Netaji’ Subhash Chandra Bose and his troubled legacy and the modern spiritual leader of India, Swami Vivekananda.

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Published from 8-3-191/565/K, Vengal Rao Nagar SR Nagar Post, Hyderabad-500 038 Telangana, India Contact No. : 040- 6551 5151 +91 94944 39444 Email: info@brainfeedmagazine.com brainfeedmagazine@gmail.com

A glimpse of folk music across India reveals that the rich tradition of folk music is very much alive in rural as well as urban India. The unique ‘Uni-Cycle Hockey’ adorns Sports column and the ‘Big Question’ deals with the genesis of the use of postage stamps. Stories of Master Peddireddi, a versatile student and Kumari Shristi , breaking the barriers of the blind, are really inspiring. ‘A Creative English Classroom’ details about how teaching can be more creative.

‘Travel’ takes all of us to the ‘Land of Thundering Dragon’ Bhutan. ‘The Ultrafast Wireless Communications’ gives a breakthrough in science and technology. ‘Nutritionist or Dietician’ provides perfect career options open. “Health & Food’ advises one of keeping oneself healthy during winter and eat healthy diet to beat winter blues! Happy reading! Happy New Year!

www.brainfeedmagazine.com facebook.com/brainfeededumag RNI No. APENG/2013/49994

Brahmam K V Chief Editor january 16

This Month At a Glance The Declaration by United Nations was signed by twenty-six nations.

English New Year Day

2016 Apple CEO Steve Jobs unveiled the first iPhone.

1942

Global Family Day

January

Satish Dhawan, an Indian aerospace engineer, death anniversary.

The Daily Mail became the first transoceanic newspaper. 1944

2002

2007 Prince Akihito sworn in as the emperor of Japan after the death of his father Hirohito.

Pravasi Bharatiya Diwas

1989

Insulin, to treat diabetes, was first used in a human patient.

Henry Ford patents a plastic automobile, which is 30% lighter Wikipedia, a free Wiki than a regular car. content encyclo1942 pedia, goes online.

2001

National Army Day

1922

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 The Adventures of Tintin, one of the most popular European comic books, was first published in Belgium.

World War Orphans Day

Luna 1, the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon and to orbit the Sun, was launched by the Soviet Union.

Mother Teresa arrives in Kolkata, India, to begin her work among India’s poorest and sick people.

1959

1929 Burj Khalifa, in Dubai, UAE, the world’s tallest building, was officially opened.

2010

Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa was exhibited in the US for the first time, at the National Gallery of Art.

National Youth Day

The Third Battle of Panipat was fought in India between the Afghans under Ahmad Shah Durrani and the Marathas.

1929

1963

1761 A longdistance radio message was sent from the Eiffel Tower for the first time.

1908

Upcoming Events January

January

International Children’s Festival of Performing Arts (ICFPA)

2nd International Conference on Early Childhood Education (ICECE 2016)

Great Talks (Motivating young Indian students)

CMELT 2016 (18th International Conference on Multilingual Education, Learning and Teaching)

Primary Assessment

07-10, 2016

Andheri, Mumbai www.ryanicfpa.com

08 & 09, 2016

Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia www.icece2016.weebly.com

january 16

08 & 19, 2016

New Delhi, India www.britishcouncil.in/ events

18 & 19, 2016

London, United Kingdom www.waset.org

26, 2016

Manchester, UK www. capitaconferences. co.uk

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, the first female elected head, sworn in as An X-ray Liberia’s new generating president. machine 2006 was exhibited for the first time by H. L. Smith.

Hong Kong Island was occupied by the British.

1841

The crew of Apollo 17 addresses a joint session of Congress after the completion of the final Apollo moon landing mission.

1973

1896

The University of Calcutta was formally founded as the first fully fledged university in South Asia.

Yale Daily News becomes the first daily college newspaper in the United States.

Hindi became the official language of India.

1965

1857

Adolf Hitler was sworn in as Chancellor of Germany.

1933

1878

National Girl Child Day Of India

Data Protection Day

Republic Day

National Martyr’s Day

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Captain James Cook and his crew became the first Europeans to sail below the Antarctic Circle.

The first Monte Carlo Rally took place.

The New Horizons probe was launched by NASA on the first mission to Pluto.

1911

2006

Elizabeth Blackwell was awarded her M.D. by the Geneva Medical College of Geneva, New York, becoming the United States’ first female doctor.

National Tourism Day

Mother Teresa was honored with India’s highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna.

1849

1886

DECEMBER 2015 January

February

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE On Recent Advances in Computer Science, E-Learning, Information & Communication Technology

3 National Conference & School Excellence Awards - 2016

New Delhi www.krishisanskriti.org

1961

1980

1773

31, 2016

Project Mercury: MercuryRedstone 2: Ham the Chimp travels into outer space.

Western Union discontinued its Telegram and Commercial Messaging services. Karl Benz 2006 patented the first successful gasolinedriven automobile.

4, 2016 rd

Le Méridien, New Delhi www.brainfeedmagazine.com

FEBRUARY 2016

january 16

NEWS

Life Time Achievement

PVC awardees to figure in NCERT textbook

Lokmanilal Award 2015 for Mrs. Seetha Murthy

wenty-one war heroes of the country who have been awarded Param Vir Chakra, the highest military honour, will soon feature in a book which the NCERT will bring out in consultation with the defence ministry. The National Council for Education Research and Training (NCERT) has begun working on a supplementary reader on stories of Param Vir Chakra awardees. HRD Minister, Smriti Irani informed, “The NCERT has initiated measures to publish a supplementary reader titled ‘Veer Gatha: Stories of Param Vir Chakra Awardees’, in consultation with the ministry of defence.

Rishab Nayar – Youngest Sailor

ishab Nayar 14-year-old, from Silver Oaks School, Hyderabad, representing Telangana sailing Association, set a record of sorts by becoming the youngest sailor from the city to win the Youth Nationals gold. He also won silver in the India International Regatta off the Chennai coast too braving unpredictable weather and tough competition. The proud coach, Suheim Sheikh, himself a silver medallist in the 1991 Nationals, insists that it is a delight to see Rishab display the kind of aggression and killer instinct in these two major events.

january 16

rs. Seetha Murty, Principal, Silver Oaks School, Hyderabad received the Life Time Achievement Lokmanilal award 2015 for Excellence in Education at MPVM group of education institution Allahabad from Dr DY Chandrachur Chief Justice Allahabad High Court on December 12, 2015.

Open book system for 10, 12 exams - UP

he Uttar Pradesh government is likely to introduce an “open book system” for students taking standard 10 and 12 examinations of the UP Board from the next academic session. The chief minister Akhilesh Yadav has been concerned over the menace of copying in examinations in the state, especially during the Board exams. He asked Balram Yadav and Jitendra Kumar to submit an action plan so that the system could be implemented from the academic year of 2016-17.

Laurels to Triveni Talent School

am Gopal, Std VIII, from Triveni Talent School, Alwal, Secunderabad, brought laurels to his school. His project, ‘Wireless Energy in Transport in Bus’ representing Telangana State was presented in National Level Inspire Exhibition, New Delhi from December 5-7, 2015. Altogether 1002 projects were displayed out of which top 60 innovative projects were selected and his project was one of them. Ram

Gopal received a merit certificate and a cash award of `5,000. The Director of the school Mr. G.Veerendra Choudari, and the Principal Mr. E. V. Subbarao, congratulated him for his achievement.

All CBSE Books

IIM-L ties up with Harvard Business School

he Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow (IIM-L) has entered into an institutional alliance with the Harvard Business School after two IIM-L professors recently visited HBS to attend a faculty workshop on ‘Microeconomics of Competitiveness’ held at the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, HBS. Under the alliance,

to be Made Available Online

IIM-L like HBS, will offer an elective course on ‘Microeconomics of Competitiveness’ to students of different programmes from academic session 2016-17. The course will be taught by Prof Ashutosh Kumar Sinha and Prof Sanjay Singh of IIM-L. Now IIM-L, will be able to use the Harvard expertise in cluster development at local government level too.

nion HRD minister Smriti Irani announced that all CBSE books and learning material will be made available online for free and the Centre will launch initiatives to help parents analyse performance of their child in Kendriya Vidyalayas from the next academic year. Irani reiterated that the Centre will launch ‘Shaala Darpan’ and ‘Saransh’ services in Kendriya Vidyalayas in the next academic year. The ‘Shaala Darpan’ service is aimed at using SMS to keep parents informed about their wards’ attendance, time table and marks in exams while ‘Saransh’ will help parents compare the subject-wise learning outcomes of their children, with others at the district, state and national levels.

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NEWS Sundar Pichai to Students – Take risks in life

ddressing to the audience of 1,800 students in Sri Ram College of Commerce, New Delhi, on December 17, 2015, Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google, informed to students that Google is an amazing fun place to work. He felt as if he was like a kid in a candy store where people work on amazing things. He said that Indian education should

emphasize a system of creativity, project based, and experiential learning and teach students to take risks and not penalize them.

Grand Master Inaugurates NIIT Math-Lab

ndian Chess Grandmaster, Viswanathan Anand visited Hyderabad on 22nd December 2015 in connection with the inauguration of NIIT sponsored Math-Lab at Reqelford International School, Hyderabad. Interacting with ‘Brainfeed ‘Vishy’ Anand said that interest was essential and intensive practice develops critical thinking. Playing chess requires calculative mind, more brain power and analytical ability. In fact, playing chess develops creative thinking and problem-solving ability. He said playing chess helped in solving math problems. He said that Indian students participated at the International Chess Championships in large number and it is a very encouraging.

‘Geeta’ made compulsory for Rajasthan school libraries

ajasthan state education minister Vasudev Devnani said all upper primary schools will be required to keep the Geeta in their libraries from the next academic session. Geeta Divas was observed on December 21, and the decision for the same was taken on this day. “Geeta is a book of guidance for all. I think keeping it in libraries will be an opportunity for all students to read it and lead a balanced life,” said the minister. There are 13,000 government schools with libraries in the state. Noe the children will be familiar with the ancient mythology and need to develop interest to go through the book of guidance.

january 16

Change Makers Conclave 2015

he ABE #ChangeMakers Conclave 2015 was conducted on December 2 and 3, 2015 at Mumbai. The conclave was conceptualised by RMinds Education, a school development company and supported by Next Education. The principals and managers from reputed Catholic schools from Mumbai participated in it. The conclave was inaugurated by Fr. George Athaide, Secretary of the Archdiocesan board of Education, Mumbai. “The objective of the conclave was to bring together a group of #ChangeMakers from the Catholic schools to discuss and deliberate on emerging trends and strategies. The topics discussed included Neuro-lingusitic programming (NLP), lesson planning using the theory of Multiple Intelligences, coaching teachers through observations, Six Sigma in Education integrated with TQM, Brain development in Early Childhood Years, Online reputation management, e-learning and a panel discussion on different national & international boards. The speakers included educationists such as Ms. Ruchira Ghosh, Ms. Avnita Bir, Dr. Reni Francis, Ms. Farzana Dohadwala, Ms. Swati Popat Vats, Dr. Dheeraj Mehrotra, Mr. Francis Joseph and Mr. Willibrord George .

Upper-age limit fixed for nursery

he directorate of education, Delhi, has now fixed an upper-age limit for entry level classes. An order issued on December 18, says for nursery classes, the upper-age limit will be “less than four years as on 31st March of the year in which admission is sought.” For KG (pre-primary) classes, it is five years and for Class I, six years. The DoE approves different rules for differently abled children too. For physicallychallenged kids, the limit is a year more—”less than five years” for pre-school, six for pre-primary and seven for Class I. For the mentally challenged, it is “less than five years as on 31st March...which can be further relaxed.”

Education system needs to comply with present needs

peaking during a round-table discussion on technology, innovation and education, Pranab Mukherjee said the country has bright minds and world-class institutions, and some initiatives must be taken to comply with the requirements sought these days and there is no dearth of talent in the country but the education system needs to comply with the present requirements. The round-table discussion was attended by Google CEO Sundar Pichai, Snapdeal cofounder Kunal Bahl, and other industry honchos. The President said India has one of the largest education infrastructures but not a single Indian institution figured in the top 200 rankings till recently but recruitment at all IITs is over 100 per cent. President said, “I used to have meetings with the vice chancellors of universities, directors of IITs, and today I am having a totally new generations of the people, brilliant minds...this inspires confidence.”

3rd National Conference On School Edu-Leadership - New Delhi (Feb 4)

he new millennium belongs to the knowledge-led society and it calls for educational reforms rd to meet the future challenges of the new generation students – ON SCHOOL EDUCATION L EADERSHIP of well being and of economic prosperity. ‘Brainfeed’s 3rd National Conference proposes to bring together eminent educationists to deliberate and discuss on the best educational practices, define industry standards and promote innovative teachinglearning concepts.

3 NATI NAL CONFERENCE

Videos

to watch

http://www. brainfeedmagazine.com/ january-2016-video-25 First Republic Day Parade - 1950

The 3rd National Conference by ‘Brainfeed’ is scheduled to be held on February 4, 2016 at Hotel Le Meredian, New Delhi.

International Children’s Festival of Performing Arts - Mumbai (Jan 7-10)

yan International Group of Institutions is hosting the 14th International Children’s Festival of Performing Arts from January 07–10, 2016, in Mumbai. It is one of the biggest children’s festivals in Asia which was conceptualized by Dr. A. F. Pinto, Chairman and Madam Grace Pinto, MD, Ryan Group. This year, it will rightly set a platform for about 10,000 young artists from over 17 countries to perform, unite and exchange ideas. The festival will focus on spreading the message of peace and unity. The festival will take through varied forms of performing arts by Indian and International artists with their rich and finest productions featuring ballets, classical and contemporary dance sequences, folklore, drama, musical plays, puppet shows, bringing forth the idea of “Brighter Tomorrow”.

It is a good platform for the students to learn the international cultures, and showcase the Indian culture which will help them become global citizens.” - Grace Pinto Managing Director, Ryan Group

http://www. brainfeedmagazine.com/ january-2016-video-26 Mercury Redstone II ‘Ham’ the Chimp

http://www. brainfeedmagazine.com/ january-2016-video-27 English Grammar (In time - On time)

http://www. brainfeedmagazine.com/ january-2016-video-28 Akbar & Birbal – The Greatest Teacher Short Story january 16

Remembrance

P. V. Seshubabu

onsidered one of the great English writers, Joseph Rudyard Kipling was born in erstwhile Bombay, India, educated in India and in England. Kipling’s father was the Head of the Department, Architectural Sculpture at Jeejeebhoy School of Art, Mumbai. Kipling loved India and its culture.

Lal Bahadur Shastri Born: October 2, 1904 Died: January 11, 1966

orn at Mughalsarai, Varanasi, Lal Bahadur Shastri was the second child of Ramdulari Devi and Sharada Prasad Srivastav. The Family migrated to Benares after the death of Shastri’s father. Shastri was initiated into Indian Independence Movement by Nishkameshwar Mishra and studying under J B Kripalani at Benares Hindu University, Lal Bahadur received the title “Shastri” for his outstanding achievement in academics. Shastri became President of ‘Servants of the People’s Society’ . He participated in the Salt Satyagraha ‘ and Quit India Movement and was imprisoned seven times by the British. As Secretary, AICC with Nehru as PM, Shastri was instrumental for Congress victory in elections of 1952, 1957 and 1962. He served as Union Railway Minister and Home Minister of India during Nehru’s regime. After Nehru’s death K Kamaraj was instrumental for Shastri succeeding Nehru as Prime Minister of India. Shastri handled anti-Hindi agitation very well when Hindi was introduced as National Official Language and managed the “Hard work Indo-Pak war meticulously.

is equal to prayer”, he said. He coined the National Slogan “Jai Jawan Jai Kisan”.

He established Food Corporation of India and National Dairy Development Board at Anand, Gujarat. At Tashkent, after the Indo-Pak Pact was signed, Shastri died under mysterious circumstances.

january 16

Kipling’s life in England with Holloways was very miserable. He found solace in the books of Daniel Defoe, Ralph Waldo Emerson and Wilkie Collins. Kipling discovered his talent for writing at Devon. He became an editor of the school newspaper. His experiences during this time formed the backbone for a series of stories he began to write and publish. Kipling chronicled his early impressions of America in ‘American Notes’.

His ‘Plain Tales From the Hills’ gained wide popularity. His ‘Barrack-Room Ballads’ was published in 1892. His ‘The Jungle Book’ (1892) and ‘Gunga Din’ drew huge popularity throughout the world. Eventually, he became the highest paid writer in the world. Kipling was the recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907.

Rudyard Kipling Born: December 30, 1865 Died: January 18, 1936

Festivals

he day also has significance as the declaration of Indian independence (Purna Swaraj) was proclaimed by the Indian National Congress on January 26, 1930. The entire nation comes alive with patriotic fervour on this day, but the principal celebration of the Republic Day takes place in the national capital, New Delhi. This historic occasion becomes a national festival with the involvement of people from all over the country. The day symbolises the unity of the nation as it brings together people from different castes, creed, religions and regions to celebrate the day with the pride of being an Indian. The national flag is unfurled by the President of India, who is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces. This is succeeded by the cheerful tune of the National Anthem and a 21-gun salute. The real heroes of the nation are honoured with the bravery awards and medals. National Awards are given to children for selfless sacrifice and bravery. Children who receive the National Bravery

Republic Day

Ganatantra Diwas

Nation celebrates its 67th Republic Day this year. It was on January 26, 1950 that the Constitution of India was brought into force as the governing document of India that replaced the Government of India Act 1935. Award ride past the spectators on colourfully decorated elephants or vehicles.

Delhi Republic Day parade Delhi Republic Day parade is held in the capital, New Delhi, from the Raisina Hill near the Rashtrapati Bhavan, along the Rajpath, past India Gate. Prior to its commencement, the Prime Minister lays a floral wreath at the Amar Jawan Jyoti, a memorial to martyred soldiers at the India Gate at one end of Rajpath, which is followed by two minutes silence in the memory of them. It is a solemn reminder of the sacrifice of the martyrs who died for the country in the freedom movement and the succeeding wars for the defence of sovereignty of their country. Thereafter the Prime Minister reaches the main dais at Rajpath to join other dignitaries; subsequently the President arrives along with the chief guest of the occasion. The French President Francois Hollande will be the Chief Guest for this yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s event. His visit will send a message of a worldwide solidarity among the democratic countries against terrorism of the Islamic State. Beating Retreat The Beating Retreat ceremony is held after officially denoting the end of Republic Day festivities. It is conducted on the evening of 29 January, the third day after the Republic Day. It is performed by the bands of the three wings of the military, the Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force. The venue is Raisina Hills and an adjacent square, Vijay Chowk, flanked by the North and South block of the Rashtrapati Bhavan towards the end of Rajpath. january 16

Festivals

Vanalatha

The festival of Makar Sankranti marks the change of the Sun into Makara Rashi (Capricorn) on its celestial path.

January 13

Lohri: The Bonfire Festival A

midst the freezing cold weather, and the dense fog outside, people, especially in the northern Indian states, are busy making preparations for Lohri. The long-awaited bonfire festival honours the harvesting of the Rabi crops. Wheat, the main winter crop, is sown in October and harvested in March or April. In January, the fields come up with the promise of a golden harvest, and farmers celebrate Lohri during this period before the cutting and gathering of crops. The Bonfire Ritual With the setting of the sun, huge bonfires are lit in the harvested fields and in the front yards of houses and people gather around the rising flames, circle around (parikrama) the bonfire and throw puffed rice, popcorn and other munchies into the fire, shouting â&#x20AC;&#x153;Aadar aye dilather jayeâ&#x20AC;? (May honour come and poverty vanish), and sing popular folk songs. This is a sort of prayer to Agni, the fire god, to bless the land with abundance and prosperity. After the parikrama, people meet friends and

january 16

relatives, exchange greetings and gifts, and distribute Prasad. The prasad comprises five main items: til, gajak (a sweet), jaggery, peanuts, and popcorn. Winter savouries are served around the bonfire with the traditional dinner of makki-di-roti (multimillet hand-rolled bread) and sarson-da-saag (cooked mustard herbs).

Song & Dance Bhangra dance by men begins after the offering to the bonfire. This traditional dance continues till late night with new groups joining in amid the beat of drums. Women hold a separate bonfire in their courtyard orbiting it with the graceful gidda dance.

January 15

Makar Sankranti

The Harvest Festival

akar Sankranti is among the most auspicious occasions for Hindus and is celebrated in almost all parts of India. It is a major harvest festival and is celebrated in many cultural forms with immense devotion, fervor and cheerfulness. Apart from harvest festival, it is also regarded as the beginning of an auspicious phase in Indian culture.

The festival is highly regarded by Hindus from North India to South India. The day is also known by various names and various traditions are witnessed as one experiences the festival in different states. It is the festival of Sun God and he is regarded as the symbol of divinity and wisdom, the festival also holds an eternal meaning to it. Sun travels from one sign to another every month but its movement

and derelict things and concentrate on new things causing change or transformation. At dawn people light a bonfire with logs of wood, unused wooden articles etc.

from Sagittarius to Capricorn is considered the most sacred as the transition heralds the revival of warmth, brightness, productivity and prosperity. This movement of Sun is also called ‘Uttarayana’ (Uttar means north and ayana means travel). The day preceding Makaraa Sankranti is called Bhogi and this is when people discard old

On the day of main festival, various types of foods, especially sweet dishes like sweet pongal is prepared and people exchange sweets and greetings as a part of the celebration with their near and dear ones. Another major event during this time is kite flying. All enthusiasts step out of their houses and enjoy flying kites. Colourful kites fill the sky on the auspicious day of Sankranti. Communities in different parts of India have their own traditional style to commemorate the day.

January 16

Magh Bihu B

ihu denotes a set of three different cultural festivals of Assam out of which Magh Bihu is celebrated in January.

Magh Bihu also called Bhogali Bihu is a harvest festival celebrated in Assam,

with feasting, lasting for a week which marks the end of harvesting season in the month of Maagha (January–February). The night before Magh Bihu is called ‘Uruka’. On this eve, men folk go to the field, preferably near a river, build a makeshift cottage called ‘Bhelaghar’ with the hay of the harvest fields for the bonfire or Meji, the most important thing for the night. On the ‘Uruka’ night, community feasts are arranged by people preparing local delicacies with fish and meat inside the ‘Mejis’.

People spend around Meji by singing bihu songs, beating dhol, or playing games. The next morning they take a bath and burn the main Meji. People gather around the Meji and throw Pithas (rice cakes) and betel nuts. They offer their prayers to the God of Fire and mark the end of the harvesting year and the ashes are scattered

on the farmlands to increase fertility. The celebrations also feature traditional Assamese games such as tekeli bhonga (potbreaking) and buffalo fighting. During Magh Bihu, people of Assam, make rice cakes such as Shunga Pitha, Til Pitha and sweets of coconut called Laru. The Magh Bihu Festival of Assam is an occasion when all differences are forgotten and people unite to celebrate in a joyful and pompous manner. january 16

Bygone Luminaries

Subhas Chandra Bose Born: January 23, 1897 Died: August 18, 1945

ubhas Chandra Bose was the ninth child of Janakinath Bose and Prabhavati among 14 siblings. Bose left India for England for his ICS. However, his letter to his elder brother Sarat Chandra Bose: ‘only on the soil of sacrifice and suffering can we raise our national edifice’, reflected his patriotic fervor.Gandhi influenced Subhas to join Indian National Congress to work under Deshbandu Chittaranjan Das. His leadership mettle gained his way up in the Congress hierarchy. Bose took charge of Bengal Provincial Congress Committee.

january 16

P. V. Seshubabu

Subhas Chandra Bose advocated armed struggle for INA in 1943. He called for ‘Purna Swaraj’. The Indian National Army (INA) under Bose was a model of diversity by region, ethnicity, religion and even gender. He was ousted from Congress leadership in 1939 following differences with Gandhi. Bose started the newspaper ‘Swaraj’ and created popular Indian slogans, such as, ‘Jai Hind’. His attempt to rid of British rule in India with the help of Nazi Germany and Japan left a troubled legacy. The INA was driven down the Malay Peninsula and surrendered with the recapture of Singapore. Bose escaped to Manchuria with a view to seeking a future in the Soviet Union. He died from third degree burns received when his plane crashed in Taiwan. Bose’s disappearance remains still a mystery.

Paramahamsa that he had actually seen God. Young Narendra accepted Ramakrishna as his Guru and studied philosophy, practiced meditation and learned music. Ramakrishna was convinced that only Narendra could understand and disseminate his teachings.

Swami Vivekananda Born: January 12, 1863 Died: July 4, 1902

arendranath Dutta was the ninth among 14 siblings born to Bhuveneswari Devi and Viswanath Dutta, a well-to- do attorney –inlaw in the Calcutta High court. Naren’s exceptional abilities, intelligence and prodigious memory set him apart as a leader right from his school days. Since childhood Naren was affected deeply by the idea of leading a life of spirituality. Young Narendra questioned the validity of superstitious customs and discrimination based on caste and religion. Narendra had the spirit of sacrifice and renunciation. In his longing to know the truth leading to the realization of God, he found confident response of Ramakrishna

Maharaja of Khetri had given Narendra the name of ‘Swami Vivekananda’ and he became the chief disciple of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa. Swami Vivekananda played a major role in spiritual enlightenment of Indian masses, spread Vedanta

Swami Vivekananda had created history by his soul-stirring address ‘Sisters and Brothers of America. . .’ at World Parliament of Religions in Chicago. He received a standing ovation. The world celebrates this day as ‘Universal Brotherhood Day’ philosophy in the West and established Ramakrishna Mission for the service of the poor. He reached Kanyakumari and swam across the sea and meditated on a lone rock known as Vivekananda Memorial.

Education

knew that everybody in the class would be facing challenges daily that may require immediate and difficult decision. Many teachers enroll in early childhood programme. The principle is caring for a better parent- teacherchild relationship. Yet, very few are prepared for the intense emotional reality that as a teacher one encounters. My reference is for embracing the child with special needs in the classroom. Books can only provide a glimpse of the demanding profession of working with children. Only stories will bring us back to reality. This was witnessed at the workshop where a teacher who was not familiar with a special needs child being entrusted to her and how over time she believed that we are all different learners. A mother and son team: they were sharing stories that helped the participants generate new levels of personal understanding for different perception in life. This certainly increased the ability and confidence in the participants.

Ms. Anne Sivanathan Educationist, Malaysia

Sharing Stories

An effective teaching method At a workshop, I conducted in Miri, Sarawak,Malaysia our class was made up of 41 women and 1 man. This workshop was to help further their education in’ Understanding Inclusion in Quality Childcare’

teachers, the need to listen to stories is vital, as this brings us close to the diversity that makes up our environment.

Every adult in the room had a personal story filled with struggle, courage, sadness and joy. This was determined through the feedback form. If we were alone, we knew a small portion of teaching experience; together as a team we could offer each other a bigger world. The process of sharing and listening to each other Stories shared helps fill the gaps left by guidelines through activities brought a sense of comfort. The and research. These participants began to see stories were real. There themselves as part of a were no clear answers. Mistakes were committed, group working together to grow and learn. Without and different solutions support, teachers can were exceptional to the challenge. As care givers/ experience overwhelmed,

and become less attentive in order to protect themselves emotionally. Encouraging story telling creates a bond of understanding and it helps open up respectful communication with one another. The diversity of the participants together offered many valuable stories that brought everyone to a new level of understanding. Within our common good of embracing children with special needs and their

a voice and opportunity to be respected for their own experience, through the ‘play’ different strengths were noticed, a person who appeared shy proved otherwise, this was a good lesson for us one as participants said repeatedly that they would never again think they knew a child or parent just from outward appearance. These games offered ways to getting to know each other with minimal risk. Playing traditional games is an activity that I have used with much success. Observing the compassionate listening and respected comments, I realized that we were practicing the skills needed to be good teachers. Our ‘classroom’ became one of attentive, listening and mutual support. Once the environment is set up, training can begin to have a greater focus on the highly concerned issues. Most important is its ability to move teachers away from isolation to reflection, sharing and growth was witnessed at this workshop.

Teachers are challenged to embrace student with special needs to deal families, each unique life effectively with great experience, became a way diversity in lifestyle, of expanding everyone’s racial, cultural and socio understanding and economic differences. effectiveness as a teacher, It is through activities, parent or caregiver. stories and observation An atmosphere of mutual one can bring the warmth trust was established of embracing these through activities. This differences close to the games gave each adult human spirit. january 16

Cover Story

P. V. Seshubabu

In a Science Class, you know if you listen closely enough, you can hear the poetry of science in everything.

SHOULD SCHOOL CURRICULUM BE

INTEGRATED TO LIFE? E

nhancing Quality of Life (EQL) has always been an explicit and implicit goal for an individual, a community, a country and the world. But defining Quality of Life (QOL) and measuring progress towards meeting this goal have been elusive.

articulating emerging technology to social needs is vital to the economic and social productivity. This calls for intelligent methodology for integrating technological seeds and social needs by articulating future demands.

Diverse ‘objective’ and ‘subjective’ indicators across a range of disciplines and scales have spurred interest. An integrated definition of QOL combines measures of human needs with subjective well-being or happiness. Appropriate demand

In its simplest conception, it is about making connections – across disciplines based on skills and application of knowledge. National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) has categorized it as correlation in other subject areas when teachers plan to

january 16

What Is Integrated Curriculum?

make materials of one subject interpret the problems of another subject or topic. Fusion is a study of two subjects whereas Integration unifies all subjects and experiences. Multi-disciplinary approach focuses primarily on different subjects. Teachers who use this approach organize standards from the discipline around the theme. The diagram below shows the relationship of different subjects to each 0ther and to a common theme. When teachers integrate the subdisciplines within a subject area, they are using an inter-disciplinary

The Multi-disciplinary Approach Music

Science History

English

Family Studies

Math

Civics & Economics

Theme

Physical Education

Design & Technology Geography

Drama

approach. Integrating Reading, Writing and Oral Communication in language area is a common example. Teachers often integrate history, geography, economics and government in an interdisciplinary social-studies programme. Integrated Science integrates the perspectives of sub-disciplines such as Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Earth/Space Science. Through this integration, teachers expect students to understand the connection between the different sub-disciplines and their relationship to the real world. january 16

Cover Story Fusion: In this multi-disciplinary approach, teachers fuse skills, knowledge or even attitude with the regular school curriculum. Service-Learning involves Community Projects that occur during class time falls under the category of multi-disciplinary integration. In elementary classroom, for example, for a theme such as “patterns” , each learning center has an activity that allows students to explore patterns from the perspective of the discipline – Math, Language, Science or Social Studies. As students move through the ‘learning centers’ to complete the activities, they learn about the concept of patterns through the lenses of various disciplines. In higher classes, students usually study a topic or theme in different classrooms. This may take the form of parallel disciplines; teachers sequence their content to match the content in other classrooms. Students often experience/study a particular period of history and read literature from that period. Theme-Based Unit: Some teachers go beyond sequencing content and plan collaborating for a multi-disciplinary unit. Often, three or more subject areas are involved in the study, and the Unit ends with an integrated culminating activity. Units of several weeks’ duration may emerge from this process, and the whole school may be involved. For instance, ‘Pollution’ as a theme may be combined with the actual survey – data collection, comparative study of different towns, cities; causes of pollution and effect of pollution, on health/ climate and prevention or minimizing techniques.

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The Teachers observed numerous benefits as follows: • Students exhibited excellent ontask behaviour • Students worked collaboratively • Multi-age teams formed within the multi-age classes • Students were engrossed both as presenters and as the audience for the task presentations • Students used a wide range of presentation products, such as PPT, video, debate, charts, sculpture and so on. . . • Students demonstrated depth of understanding of topics as a result of their sustained interest around various questions based on theme.

Similarly, the Multiple Perspectives offer different disciplinary lenses of Science, Math and English. The Science covers Earth Science, Biology, Chemistry and Physics; English – genre readings, analyses and communication skills and Math – data analysis, tools and techniques. The teachers carefully connect the activities to the standards in each discipline. Over a period of time students develop a long list of possible culminating activities. They update their Website continually and use it as a teaching tool with students. Why Should Schools Embrace Integrated Studies? In today’s dynamic global economy, centered on the development and exchange of knowledge and information, individuals prosper who are fluent in several

Inter-Disciplinary Approach

Science

Theme Concepts

English

Inter-disciplinary

skills

History

(literacy, thinking skills, numeracy, research skills)

Geography

disciplines and comfortable moving among them. Creativity, adaptability, critical reasoning and collaboration are highly valued skills. When it comes to fostering those skills in the classroom, integrated study is an extremely effective approach, helping students develop multifaceted expertise and grasp the important role inter-relationships can play in the real world.

Positive Outcome Students in an integrated studies programme have the positive outcome as follows:

Integrated studies foster a way of learning that mimics real life. Integrated studies, sometimes called inter-disciplinary studies, brings together diverse disciplines in a comprehensive manner, enabling students to develop a meaningful understanding of the complex associations and influences within a topic. A happy by-product of this approach, which is often coupled with project-based learning, is that it makes school more interesting and productive for students and teachers.

• Increased ability to make decisions, think critically and creatively and synthesize knowledge beyond the disciplines

• Increased understanding, retention and application of general concepts • Better over-all comprehension of global inter-dependencies, developed multiple perspectives and points of view and values

• Enhanced ability to identify, assess and transfer significant information needed for solving novel problems. • Promoted co-operative learning and a better attitude toward oneself as a learner and as a meaningful member of a community • Increased motivation

The varied ways in which any of us acquire knowledge and apply skills in the experientially kaleidoscopic real world. Students work with a team of the school’s biology, math and humanities teachers, researching, writing and producing the books. To ensure on-going progress and monitor quality, a constructive feedback system is critical for any integrated-studies programme based on projectbased learning. It is essential that student’s work is presented to and assessed by fellow-students, teachers and parents as well as professionals in the relevant disciplines. We Build into the School a System, a Cycle of Improvement After all, our daily life and work are not stratified into “the math part, the science part, the history part and the English part”; “kids don’t experience the world that way”. january 16

Cover Story Kaleidoscopic Learning: An Overview of Integrated Studies The 21st century schools are structured according to the dramatic changes in education. From agricultural and industrial economy, the majority of the population living in rural areas, to a hyperfast, dynamic global society –centered on the development and exchange of knowledge and information in a multiplicity of forms. An integrated education calls for relevance of education in real life, the education that caters to the needs of the society, and meaningful to the changing social scenario. Cross-Curricular Reference at Study The Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) scheme of the CBSE advocates application of knowledge in various subjects in practical life. The Project-based learning-bydoing, preparing gadgets and working models in science and mathematics, in a way, helpful to students understand the principles of science and concepts in mathematics. Seminar mode and demonstrative method clarifies the subject into a wholesome product. CBSE has termed it an integrated approach or inter-disciplinary project and it is practiced in all the CBSE schools. The students work as a team in consultation with respective subject teachers and bring out a working/static model which integrates all subjects rather inter-links the subjects with reference to a given project. Education of the Past and Present In the past, a person might master a certain trade or skill and stick to it for most of his or her life. Today,

january 16

in the ever-changing world of our information economy, individuals prosper who are fluent in several disciplines and comfortable moving among them, capable of distilling meaning from complexity and adept at seeing connections where they may not be immediately apparent. Creativity, adaptability, critical reasoning and collaboration are highly valued marketable skills. The K-12 educational institutions have not kept pace with his seismic shift in our society.

Learning should be creative out of our minds. This is really the best feature of education, because outside education, people know naturally that all these things flow in and out of each other. By and large, there is still a tendency to focus on the disciplines separately. “There is a great value in going deeply into a subject and learning the tools and the approaches that are used by specialists in those areas,” says Heidi Hayes Jacobs. But,

In schools, subjects tend to be hermetically sealed off from each other – you do Science on Monday second period, Math in the first period and Language study in the third period, and so on. . . . Thus, the study of various subjects is compartmentalized and isolated from each other.” – Ken Robinson

in practice, there is almost no profession in the world of work where there are not integrated perspectives.

Our Earth Our Universe

Personal Development

Child-Centered Curriculum

The Logic of Inter-Disciplinary Studies A research report by Sandra Matheson and Melissa Freeman states, “ Inter-disciplinary, integrated and integrative studies represent an opportunity to have more meaningful relations with students; teach cognitive skills associated with ‘real life’(e.g. co-operation, problem-solving ability to see connections); motivate students; increase student achievement; promote positive attitudes toward subjectmatter; create more curricular flexibility; diminish scheduling problems; and integrate new and rapidly-changing information with increased time efficiency.” In the past, there was this ‘polarization’

Understanding People

Cooperation

of subject-study. In the presentday education, for instance, a course on Environmental Science also deals with law and legal issues(inter-disciplinary linkages) Assessment Assessing effectively student performance in an interdisciplinary programme is crucial, but in practice it can be complex. The types of tests use tend to be comparative in terms of scores secured that deal with formal examinations based on theoretical study. The evaluation tools are examination-based, subjective and fixed. Nevertheless, in the inter-disciplinary approach the evaluation measures tend to be different that calls for checking skills practiced or demonstrated for more meaningful and objective assessment. It is tough to quantify. The Assessment System in the Integrated Approach accurately reflects authentic development in student-thinking and performance. Employing integrated studies brings together diverse disciplines in a way that enables students to have a meaningful understanding of the complex associations and influences within a topic. It facilitates the presentation of subjects in a comprehensive fashion that illuminates their connections, rather than “ a set of fragmented unrelated topics”. This approach tends to make

Self-Expression and Communication

school more interesting for both students and teachers. The students work as a team, for example, with the Math, Science, Language and Humanities teachers, do research, edit and produce/ publish the books. The students integrate Math, Science and Social Science issues. This integrated studies approach has attracted new-found acceptance in the next-gen schools. Success stories are coming out of CBSE/IGCSE schools across the country. Nevertheless, it is not without its significant challenges. There are plenty of systematic roadblocks to retro-fitting the schools with vertically-oriented period structures where subjects are “hermetically sealed off from each other”. How Strategically Should the Inter-Disciplinary System be Designed? The issue is making it operational. Many schools have siloed high-school departments. A teacher working within a conventional programme can do plenty to bring a degree of interdisciplinary richness to the classroom. When a teacher can shift the focus of that course around significant and important ideas or concepts january 16

Cover Story The rationale of CBSE Curriculum is as follows:

that tend to breed more interdisciplinary thinking. Thinking is what it is all about! According to the National Curriculum Framework (NCF2005), Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) formulated its own Curriculum and Syllabus document by adopting and adapting the guidelines as follows:

•

Nurturing Life-Skills – includes developing an improved self-esteem, building empathy towards others and different cultures, etc., improving on students critical and creative thinking and making them better at problem-solving with a balanced approach towards decision-making. The core life-skills must be integral to the whole process of education.

•

Integration – includes creating harmony of sense

•

Upholding Constitutional Values: includes safe-guarding values expressed in the Constitution Sovereignty, Socialism, Secularism, Democracy, Republican character, Justice, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, Human Dignity and the Unity and Integrity of the Nation.

•

A Global Perspective – includes keeping pace

•

Life-long Learning – includes seeing education

• Integration of cross-curricular themes for all subject areas • Collaboration between school and community • Project-based learning to build research capabilities • Possible innovative pedagogies for curricular transaction, transformative and beyond textbooks and classrooms • Collaboration between home and school • Emphasis on multiple modes of assessment through descriptors of good performance • Organization of various club activities such as :Eco Club, Health & Wellness Club, Literary Clubs, Disaster Management Club, Consumer Clubs, etc. • Provision of integrated activity-based programme on Environmental Education

january 16

with sensibility, a connection between knowledge and application and integrating human sciences with technological innovations.

with the 21st century and the global trends, enhance learner’s ability to understand her status and position in the community and the world, develop understanding how we all are inter-connected and how we can bring about transformations as well as the individual’s responsibility in this change process.

as a liberating process, leading to active exploration, problem-solving and the utilization of information and languages, leading to socially transformative practices

• Appreciating Individual Differences means to promote and nourish a wide range of capacities and skills in learners. As intelligence is diverse in its dimension, pedagogy and evaluation should aim at making it possible for this diversity to bloom. Excellence in diverse areas should be accepted and rewarded.

The Mission and Goal of the CBSE Curriculum is to develop scientific outlook and transformative competences in order to meet the demands of a changing society.

Music

Folk Music of India

he origin of music in the primary state of man was a natural process. Listening to the natural sounds, man tried to replicate and use them for his own self expression. Man tried to create sound from his vocal chords and other available things such as wood, stones, bones of animals etc. Music and language are the two sides of the same coin. It symbolizes the human society and culture as it was the simple way of entertainment and celebration and also was a medium of expression to communicate his feelings and thoughts. The folk songs express the primal emotions of human beings with simple words and simple tunes. So, Indian folk music, as a whole, reflects the rich cultural diversity of our country. This rich tradition of folk music is very much alive in not just rural India, but also in some metros. The realm of traditional folk music in India is very large and it is basically a countryside representation of the urban Indian society. Folk music is more like a daily ritual without affecting the daily lives of people. People learn it since their childhood and grow up on these songs. One can always carry on

with their daily life routine while listening to or singing folk music. Most of the songs are sung in small village functions like weddings, births, etc. Folk music also uses a number of instruments. The refined versions of these instruments are used for classical music. For instance the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Tablaâ&#x20AC;?, which is a very important instrument of classical music, is used in a crude form like daf, dholak or nal. The cruder versions of Sitar or Sarod are used in folk music, which are known as ektara, dotar,

saringda, rabab and santur. Not all regions use the same instrument. In fact, the same instrument may not even be called by the same name everywhere. Most of these instruments are made of easily available material like bamboo, clay pots, empty coconut shells, etc. Most of the folk music in India is dance oriented and many popular forms

of dance like Dandiya, Lavani, Garba, etc. are danced along the tunes of popular folk music. People from each state carry their own folk music and make worth of uniqueness of that corner. There are myriad forms of folk music. In the due course of time, one can find that folk music developed in many ways from simple melodies to complex structure. But then also people enjoy it as most of them have catchy tunes.

Some of the popular folk music from different states of our country: Andhra Pradesh

Madiga Dappu, Mala Jamidika

Assam

Bihugeet, Lokageet, Tokarigeet

Chhattisgarh

Pandavani

Gujarat

Garba,Doha

Karnataka

Bhavageete, Dollu Kunita, Veeragase

Kerala

Pulaya, Paraya,

Maharashtra

Lavani

Punjab

Bhangra

Tamil Nadu

Naatupura Paatu

Telangana

Oggu Katha

West Bengal

Baul, Bhatiali, Bhadu, Bhawayia, Saari, LokGeeti, PalliGeeti january 16

Write Right

Handwriting Secrets - 30 Watch

Y. Mallikarjuna Rao Director National Handwriting Academy, Hyderabad Email:handwriting56@gmail.com

To be Happy Get New Ideas in Handwriting This Year

eginning with the first month of a year, we all are busy with affirmations, projects, dreams etc. But without your proper contribution of time, ideas and implementation, things may not happen as we expect them to be.

Choose a dye based or pigment based ink; colour you need for the purpose from various blues, browns, lavender, sepia, olive to greys and fluorescents which ranges from INR 10 to 10,000 for 50ml or 60 ml ink bottle.

We carry writing instruments to present our views on a piece of paper. To make them so effective one must concentrate a bit on very basic things like the kind of ink you are using, the quality of pen, texture of paper, the place where you sit to write, shape and style of the letter etc.

PEN: Along with the regular brands like Reynolds, Cello, Montex… you may try little expensive or quality brands like Pilot, Parker, Pierre Cardin etc. If your passion is for international and very expensive or unique writing, check out the brands like Cross, Mont Blanc, Pentel, etc.

INK: It is not just a liquid that you are thinking of in your ink pen or ball pen. It is the medium which would raise the interest and quality of thoughts while writing as well as reading. It is available in various colours, qualities and prices. Over 2500 years, since Chinese and Egyptians societies started using ink, till day it is flowing and glowing on the paper communicating our ideas.

Ball pens of 0.5 or 0.6mm sized ball are popular in usage for regular needs. To showcase in project works or special assignments use gel, Roller Ball or Felt Tip pens. Ink pen works wonderful. It’s a representation of your personality. Invest on a quality fountain pen to add that elegancy to your strokes, letters and unique ideas.

january 16

PAPER: The quality of pen, ink, brands may not serve the purpose if you fail to choose the respective paper. Choose quality paper, its colour and texture according to the structure. For regular notes around 70 gsm paper would be fine. More the importance to the text and presentation, more should be the ‘gsm’ of the paper and finest texture helps to make a proper flow on the sheet of paper. PLACE: To make a remarkable presentation along with all the above said materials the place where you sit to write plays an equal role. Calm, reasonably ventilated, pollution free and noise free environment contribute highly to express your views. You can please others with your love for writing so that they accommodate and cooperate for your ambience. After getting equipped with all the best ink, pen, paper and place to write, use the following basic aspects.

For a legible and beautiful handwriting: 1. Avoid confusion among the letters.....

2. Choose one style cursive/print......

3. Do take care of spellings ......

Wish you happy writing, happy winning in Happy New Year!

Sports

Unic cle

H ckey

Listen

Vanalatha

RULES

Unicycle Hockey is a team sport, similar to roller or inline hockey, except that each player must be mounted on a unicycle (with both feet on the pedals) to play the ball. There are three national unicycle Hockey leagues. The governing body for unicycle Hockey is the International Unicycling Federation which publishes the rules for all unicycle sports.

The bottom of the stick must not be lifted above hip height.

The stick must not be released or thrown intentionally.

05 04

One hand must always be placed at the top end of the stick.

The ball can only be played when a player is riding the unicycle.

A goal can only be scored from within the opponents half.

Teams

Penalty Box

The field has a length of 35 to 45 meters and a breadth of 20 to 25 meters.

A team consists of

The referee can send a player off the field for

6.5

1.0

After a goal is scored, the non-scoring team restarts by playing the ball over the half-way l

Field Dimensions

It is surrounded by barriers. The corners are rounded or beveled. The center line divides the field into two equal halves. There are marks in front of each goal at a distance of m. The corner marks are on the extension of the goal lines, m in from each side line.

Putting the stick under or through someone else’s wheel is a foul.

Game Duration

The play time is given by the playing schedule. It players (plus 2 minutes, 5 minutes is a relative play time. substitutes). Substituting or for the remainder of The time only stops if the one player for another the game. referee gives the “time is possible at every stop” signal. The teams interruption of the game if This is done in the case change sides during the indicated to the referee. of unsporting behaviour break. If the game ends or intentional, dangerous in a draw and a decision Each player can be the disregard of the rules. goal keeper at any time. is necessary, play is While a The goal continued for ten more player keeper has minutes: five-minute is in the no special break and change sides, penalty box, five minutes of play, rights. To the team change sides without take part may not a break and five more in a game, substitute a minutes of play. If it’s a team replacement still a draw, a decision is must have for that reached with a penalty at least 3 player. shootout. players.

january 16

Mentor Speaks

Not just a teacher

but mentor for life! Mrs Ratna Reddy

Founder- Director, CHIREC International School

‘BRAINFEED’ has brought to the readers CHIREC’S journey from a humble beginning 27 years ago - the philosophy and the principles which CHIREC stands for and the tradition it has built over the period - to the wide acclaim it enjoys now. “At CHIREC,(Children’s Recreation Centre) it is our belief that it is at school where children are prepared to face the world. We strive to provide students with a strong and holistic academic foundation – one that defines the course of a child’s future,” says Mrs Ratna Reddy. The academically-driven society lacked opportunities for students to engage constructively during leisure time. Read on. . . .

It is learnt that about 27 years ago a Summer Camp had been set up before launching a Pre-School segment. What was the rationale behind this venture? Why was only the Pre-School segment? I developed a passion for starting a pre-school while doing my Masters in Child Development in Hyderabad and working in the Lab Nursery School.While pursuing my Masters in Early Childhood Education in University of IOWA,I was exposedto the hands on experience of preschooleducation. On my return I did a survey on the pre-school in Hyderabad. I came to notice the gap in the Indian Education system and my desire to set up a pre-school putting my learning into practice grew stronger. A summer camp was organized with a different purpose but the instant success of the summer camp gave me the confidence to go ahead and set up the new age school

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“A teacher’s influence never stops. . . . .”

– Henry Adams

with a concept of totalpersonality development of the child.

How do you perceive the Pre-School market in the country? Do you think that quality Pre-School education plays in shaping the young minds for future? Demand for Pre-School in the country is very high. Yes, the quality of Pre-School education plays a crucial role in shaping the young minds.The opportunities for development of physical, cognitive, language, emotional and social domains can be very much part of pre-school education.

Most of the schools proclaim that they promote holistic education. Does your school provide holistic education?

CHIREC has been established on The Whole Child Philosophy by Feeney, Stephanie, Christen Doris and Eva Moravick. This concept is the frame work for the development of four key areas essential for perfecting a well-rounded personality such as physical, cognitive, linguistic, emotional and social domains.

Now that your school has grown to its present stature, what growth opportunities that you foresee in the K-12 segment in future? Parents liked the concept and wanted to be extended and the classes were started. Road No. 12 Jubilee Hills and Begumpet branch provided Pre-Primary and Primary. Land was purchased at the existing place and soon the Begumpet branch was shifted. Pre-School segment is still continued at Jubilee Hills. Now, the School at Kondapur offers

CBSE, IGCSE and IB curricula as per the choice of the parents.

Classrooms must be exciting and promote curiosity. How are you able to adhere to the highest standards of academic enterprise and innovation? The school provides an absolutely stimulating environment for children to develop their all roundpersonality. Opportunities are created for the children. Innovative and enterprising practices are encouraged.

A variety of teaching methods are used to encourage imagination, creativity and critical thinking: Are the teachers in your school prepared for it? Absolutely. The teachers have been trained at the beginning of the academic year to update their knowledge and latest developments in the teaching methodology. Technology-assisted teaching-learning process is adopted. The classrooms are well equipped with the latest technology-based gadgets for the teachers to use them in their teaching. Students are provided with tablets for use in class. The teachers have no option but to get themselves acquainted by these changes. New teachers learn and work hard.

How do you assess a teacher?

Assessment of teachers is done through 360 degrees appraisal system. The Academic InCharge evaluates the teacher followed by the assessment of the Principal. Feedback from parents and students is also carefully considered to assess a teacher. Teachers’ performance

is graded (A, B, C, and so on) according to their category. Their strong and weak areas are discussed and suitable advice is given. Academic results is not the only criterion, the lesson plan, resource materials developed, the evaluation techniques adopted, care taken for slow learners, use of technology – all these aspects of teachers are carefully considered for assessment. The system is customized and the teachers have been given a freehand for any innovation within the system.

“Education is the manifestation of knowledge already existing in man,”

– Swami Vivekananda

Talking about sustainability strategies in terms of teacher recruitment, training, retention. . . . .How is the management able to achieve these? At CHIREC teachers feel happy about the system and work culture. There are a large chunk of teachers who have held on to CHIREC right from its inception. They have grown along with the institution and imbibed its principles and philosophy. They never want to leave. Teachers, due to their personal reasons like distance, or transfer, might be shifting. As already said, teachers are provided with inservice training and know-how of technology use in teachinglearning process. Performancebased increments are offered to teachersbesides perks like free transport, medicalinsurance, lunch and educational concessions for children.

The present educational trend among students is highly competitive. How are students of your school prepared to face this challenge? CHIREC does not specially prepare students to face any specific competitive examination. We provide opportunities to the students to grab and climb; we provide pure education which is incomparable to any standard. Students are able to deal with academics and are able to tackle the problems. There are students who have cracked IIT, Medical, Law, and pursued higher education abroad.

Talking about CHIREC alumni, its network and significant role: How is alumni involved in the growth of the school? The alumni, though small, have spread all over and are in top positions in all walks of life. Many of them have settled abroad. They act as role models and give valuable career guidance and counseling to the outgoing students.

Could you share your views on education then, when you started your career, and now, as to what education is today . . .? Earlier schools and the teachers enjoyed unquestionable faith and trust from the parents. Today it is a challenge to meet the expectations and retain the confidence reposed by the parents in their chosen schools.

Your valuable message to young leaders in terms of taking the mantle of education forward. . . Focus on excellence! Keep pace with the changing times! january 16

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january 16

The

Big Question

When Were Stamps First Used?

one are those days when people used to eagerly wait for the messages from their near and dear ones through post. People had the habit of writing letters and posting it and waiting for the reply from the other side. But did you know how and when the postal service started and the stamps were used?

government. The whole s y s t e m was finally changed in 1840 when the postage s t a m p system was introduced.

It was in the sixteenth century that governments began to have regular postal services. They had three main reasons for doing this. One was to enable them to inspect suspicious correspondence, the second was to produce the revenue, and the third was to provide a service for the public. Henry VIII had a government postal service in England. In 1609, no one was allowed to carry letters except messengers authorized by the

The Penny Black was the world’s first adhesive postage stamp used in a public postal system. It was issued in Great Britain on 1 May 1840 as a part of postal reforms promoted by Sir Rowland Hill. It features a profile of Queen Victoria which cost one penny. The stamp was printed in black, the 1-cent stamp soon was known as the “Penny Black” – the world’s most popular stamp.

A postage stamp is a small piece of paper that is purchased and displayed on an item of mail as evidence of payment of postage.

Indian Postal System India has a long and varied postal history and has produced a large number of postage stamps. Stamps have been produced both for postage and for service or revenue. The Indian Postal Service has issued stamps on many themes - relating to history, architecture, nature, culture and heritage.

Stamps produced in Independent India

Stamps Produced in British India Although the Indian Post Office was established in 1837, Asia’s first adhesive stamp, the Scinde Dawk, was introduced in 1852 by Sir Bartle Frere, the British East India Company’s administrator of the province of Sind. It was followed by the East India company lithographed issues and a long series of engraved stamps portraying Queen Victoria, King Edward VII, King George V, and King George VI.

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India’s independence saw the postal department issue its first stamp on 21 Nov 1947 depicting the Indian flag. The Dominion of India issued stamps from 1947 to 1949 with the caption of INDIA POSTAGE. In 1950, India became a republic and the first stamps of India as a republic were a series of four issued on that very day. The stamp issues continued to be in Annas (abbreviated as “As”) till 1957, when the Indian rupee was decimalised: the rupee was divided into 100 naye paise . In 1964, the initial “naye” was dropped. This change in currency is faithfully reflected in the denomination of the stamps of the time. This kind of postal service is not much in use now due to the development in electronic media such as e-mail, fax, sms and so on.

Commemoration

JAN

01 GLOBAL FAMILY DAY

lobal Family Day is celebrated every year on 1st January. Traditionally 1st January has always been regarded as a day of new beginnings. New Year Resolutions have customarily been made that generally involve some effort to modify behaviour and lead a better life. On a broader note, it has also traditionally come to be a day to consider ways of promoting peace, both within local communities and in the wider world. It simply relates to celebrating and loving one’s own family unit. Family always have high expectations for quality care to be given to elderly relatives, who are the senior member of the family group. Global Family Day also recognizes that we are all part of the global family that makes up the human race. Families come together and share their happiness, organize activities, share food and make personal pledges to promote the message of peace throughout the world.

ravasi Bharatiya Diwas was begun by Atal Bihari Vajpayee. It was traditionally celebrated Gandhi as the first NRI. Pravasi Bharatiya Samman,the highest honour conferred on overseas Indians and people of Indian origin. 100 years of Mahatma Gandhi’s return fro South Africa was celebrated in 2015. Pravasi Bharatiya Diwas is celebrated on 9th January every year to mark the occasion. Pravasi Bharatiya Diwas conventions provide a platform to the overseas Indian community to engage with the Government for mutually beneficial activities. During the event individuals of exceptional merit are honoured with the prestigious award.

JAN

25 NATIONAL TOURISM DAY

JAN

09 PRAVASI BHARATIYA DIWAS

ational Tourism Day is celebrated on 25 January every year. It is celebrated to raise awareness about tourism through activities. Indian Cultural Heritage Tourism is the fastest growing segment .It is playing a major role for the overall growth by generating large scale employment opportunities, particularly, in rural and backward areas. It is potentially the biggest generator of foreign exchange. Therefore, it is an important sector in the services economy. Besides, tourism brings together people of different cultures and regions and fosters better mutual understanding.

artyr’s Day marks the death anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, who was assassinated on January 30, 1948. Martyr’s Day is observed in honour of other martyrs to the nation. The three Service Chiefs, the President, Vice-President, the Prime Minister and the Defence Minister pay homage to Mahatma Gandhi at Raj Ghat. The armed forces blow bugle sounding Lost Post. The Inter-Services Contingent reverse arms as a mark of respect. A two-minute silence at 11 am in memory of the Indian martyrs is observed throughout the country.

JAN

30 MARTYR’S DAY

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Kudos Born on December 24, 1988 to Indian origin professional entrepreneurs, Suchir Peddireddi, born in USA, is a multi talented person. He is a polyglot enhanced with communication skills and abilities.

A Versatile Student Suchir Peddireddi P

ursuing his grade 12 in Sarla Birla Academy, Bengaluru, his aim is to become an Economist because he is fascinated and startled by the dissimilarity in the economic outlook of USA and India. His keen interest in Economics helped him to top the subject in grade 10 and grade 11, which boosted his confidence and reconfirmed his thoughts of taking it as an option for his career. Apart from becoming an Economist, he has a great passion for Music. His love for music has made him achieve diplomas and he is pursuing his Bachelors in Music for a rare combination of Classical Hindustani music on Keyboard and Harmonium. He represented his school by playing cricket at State and National level as well as an active participant in other games also. He brought laurels to his school by securing 3rd place in

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Individual Kumite Event in boys in the State Level Karate Championship. He and his brother initiated a campaign “Save Our Sweepers” – a facebook page to bring awareness to the society about the plight of sweepers and give them a helping hand to protect them from the numerous diseases, by distributing face masks and bring out change and empathy among people. This group is growing and spreading across states in India. The Summer Internship at an infrastructure firm, GKC Projects Limited made him aware of taking important decisions and learnt that in life one has to always make a choice whether right or wrong,

it’s all making it happen. He applied the skills acquired from internship by planning, executing and taking decision for his major school event, Round Square Conference on adventure at Sarla Birla Academy in 2015 where 130 student delegates from 15 schools across the country participated and took part in leadership training, team building activities, cultural presentations, adventure activities and breakaway sessions on the theme of adventure. He also worked as an Assistant Director with Ruby Films Private Limited for

His poem Waves of Peace was awarded a special recognition prize at the Bangalore Peace Project supported by World Peace Flame, Netherlands. The same poem was published in Brainfeed, October 2015 issue.

the production of documentary film on primitive tribe “Chenchu and their Lifestyle” which will be ready by May 2016. He also worked in the production unit of an advertisement for Futureall Homes India Pvt Ltd. which helped him understand the role of an advertisement in branding. He was also involved in community services with Valmiki Foundation and The International Association Of Lion’s Club. He is the Editor in Chief for the school news letter “Pulse” and Senior Editor for the school annual magazine “The Rising Sun”. He is also a good orator involved with Kumarans Model United Nations and The Doon School Model United Nations. These experiences have connected him to a common vision – his desire to provide opportunities and empathy for human conditions and achieve his long term goals.

Shristi KC, born in Bhaktapur, Nepal, was not born blind. She got an allergy in her eyes when she was 14. She had undergone an eyesight test, and the doctor prescribed a wrong medicine, as a consequence she developed glaucoma and by the age of 16, she permanently lost her vision.

Break the Barriers of the

t was not easy for her to accept this truth at the initial stage. It was at this stage that nobody guided or supported her. She was in denial. Shristi says “The reaction of my society and the frustration of my family, however, became the source of my inspiration.” She gradually developed her self esteem. This challenging girl decided never to let her blindness be an excuse. Continuing with her education was the biggest challenge as none of the private institutions were ready to accept her. Luckily she got admitted in Kanya Multiple Campus, in Dilli Bazar, Kathmandu. She was the only blind person in the class. It was difficult for her to read and take notes. She created a wooden board with carved holes representing the English alphabet; would put paper under the material, feel the alphabet with left hand and write with right

Blind

Meet the Nepali girl with a vision and mission.

hand, and she gradually improved her skills. Her confidence led her to pursue her education and she succeeded.

She made everyone spellbound by becoming the college topper in Intermediate level followed by her achievement in Tribhuvan University, in Nepal, for which she received award from the president of Nepal. She completed her Bachelors in Sociology. She also scored the highest marks in Bachelor Level Nepali Literature and received a gold medal from the then Prime Minister of Nepal. She had a great interest in dancing. None of the dance institutions was

ready to admit her. She took it lightheartedly and thought that dance is all about creativity and imagination. Her first job was a dance teacher. She wanted her shocking life to be transferred into a rocking life. Besides India, she has been to Russia, South Korea, Hong Kong and she has also been offered European Union Scholarship for Master of Arts in Dance Studies where she will be travelling various European countries

She spoke confidently – “After losing my sight, I got the vision of my life. As I couldn’t see, I realized I wasn’t getting distracted by visual things and could therefore concentrate more. I was never first in my class before losing my sight, and I never came second after losing it.”

in each semester. She runs a mobile workshop “Blind Rocks”, and hosts trainings like dancing, interpersonal skills, public speaking skills, disability campaigns and beauty and fashion workshops. The team also goes for rafting, paragliding, rock climbing expeditions etc. The pivotal purpose of Blind Rocks is to change the way people portray people with disabilities as weak and helpless characters. Her aim is to further develop ‘Blind Rocks!’ and start an international Arts school, mainly for blind and disabled people. Blinds are Diamonds. Everyone can see diamonds, but only a few can afford it. Likewise, everyone can see us, but only few can accept us. january 16

History

Vanalatha

Nation celebrates its 68thArmy Day this year. Salute to all the real brave heroes, the people behind the protection of our nation. The Indian Army, Bharatiya Thalsena, is the landbased branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India serves as Commander-in-Chief of the army, and it is commanded by the Chief of Army Staff (COAS), who is a four-star general. The Indian Army originated from the armies of the East India Company, which eventually became the British Indian Army and finally the national army after independence.

Army Day is celebrated on January 15 every year in India, in recognition of Lieutenant General Kodandera Madappa Cariappa’s taking over as the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army from General Sir Francis Butcher, the last British Commanderin-Chief of India, on January 15, 1949.

Indian Army Day

Bharatiya Thalsena Diwas Army Day Celebration Indian army plays a great and big role during the disaster situations in the country as they are dedicated to the country to become the War Winning Team. The day was decided to be celebrated as the army day in India to start paying tribute to the sacrificed Indian army soldiers at the “Amar Jawan Jyoti” at India Gate in New Delhi.

After paying homage, an excellent parade including military shows takes place to indicate the new technologies and accomplishments in the Indian Army. Bravery awards including Unit credentials and Sena Medals are distributed at this great occasion. Army Day Parade Army day parade during the army day celebration is carried out by the Indian army soldiers which involves the exhibition of BLT T-72, T-90 tanks, Brahmos Missile, carrier Mortar Tracked Vehicle, 155 MM Soltum Gun, Advanced Light Helicopters of the Army Aviation Corps and etc. Serving Indian armies take a pledge at this day to maintain their service and protect the nation from enemies whether they are foreign or domestic. The Indian Army has a regimental system, but is operationally and geographically

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Some of the major operations undertaken by the Indian Army: Operation Vijay: The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict, was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July 1999 in the Kargil district of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LOC).

divided into seven commands, with the basic field formation being a division. It is an all-volunteer force and comprises more than 80% of the country’s active defence personnel. It is one of the largest standing armies in the world, with 1,129,900 active troops and 960,000 reserve troops. The units and regiments of the Indian Army have diverse histories and have participated in a number of battles and campaigns across the world, earning a large number of battle and theatre honours before and after Independence. The primary mission of the Indian Army is to ensure national security and unity, defending the nation from external aggression and threats, and maintaining peace and security within its borders. Indian Army soldiers are always ready to fight with all the hard times at Indian borders as well as with the natural disasters conducting humanitarian rescue operations. They courageously face all the challenges and difficulties that come their way to save the nation and people.

Operation Meghdoot: This was the code-name for the Indian Armed Forces operation to capture the Siachen Glacier in the disputed Kashmir region, precipitating the Siachen Conflict. Launched on 13 April 1984, this military operation was unique as the first assault launched in the world’s highest battlefield. The military action resulted in Indian troops gaining control of the entire Siachen Glacier. Operation Surya Hope: Operation Surya Hope is the name that Indian Army’s Central Command gave to its response in Uttarakhand following the June 2013 North India floods. The Uttarakhand flood was caused by record unseasonal monsoon rains, cloud burst, floods, flash floods, and, possibly, climate change induced glacier lake outburst

floods (GLOFs). The humanitarian disaster affected millions, stranded over 100,000 pilgrims and tourist in Himalayan religious sites, and killed several thousand people. Operation Black Tornado: During the terrorist attack on Mumbai in 2008, the NSG commandos slithered down from helicopters and stormed Nariman House. They rescued 9 hostages from the building on the first day. Meanwhile in the Taj and Oberoi hotels, the commandos exchanged gunfire with the militants and managed to rescue 300 and 250 hostages respectively. Major Sandeep Unnikrishnan and Havaldar Gajendra Singh Bisht made the supreme sacrifice. Operation Pawan: The Indian Peace Keeping Force took control of the Jaffna peninsula from the LTTE in 1987, which the Sri Lankan army had been unable to. The Indian troops were supported by armoured and helicopter gunships. It took two weeks of intense fighting to take over Jaffna, and for the beginning of a three-year campaign to restore peace in Sri Lanka.

In the recent Chennai floods in the months of November and December 2015, Army jawans launched extensive rescue and relief in the flooded region. They were engaged in hazardous rescue operation in water as deep as 8 to 10 feet, saving the lives of hundreds of people showing their dedication towards the people and nation. january 16

Education

P. V. Seshubabu

A CREATIVE

Listen

ENGLISH CLASSROOM English is only a second language for all whose native language is not English. Yet it may be claimed that as English is learnt from the beginning of schooling and as it is the medium of instruction for all school subjects, it remains one’s first language.

mere theoretical knowledge is not sufficient. The learners must necessarily be able to use the language steadily and progressively. Thus, mere knowledge about the language would not give the learner the required skills to use it in real life situations. Therefore, certain language activities are very essential to use the language confidently. For instance, in the following information-seeking activity, the students in the class may be asked to go round and find someone who. . . . • Is fond of Pizza • Never takes notes in a class • Spends a lot of time in the library • Always prepares for a class • Talks in one’s sleep • Can speak at least three languages • Never uses the vernacular in English class • Is afraid of cockroaches

earning a language means attempting to ‘use’ the language. Any language can be learned by ‘using’ the language. Passing an examination in a language alone does not make one attain proficiency in the language. English is natural to Indians and we use the language as fluently as native speakers! However, there seems an ideological conflict between users of English from the beginning of schooling and that of those who start learning English much later in life.

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Learning a language and the use of it subsequently in reallife situations are basic skills everyone needs to possess in the modern communicative world. The practical language skills needed for academic study and communication are Reading, Listening, Speaking and Writing. These basic skills need to be considered for classroom teaching while learning a language. After all, language is a ‘doing thing’; it is like learning to swim or learning to ride a bicycle where

The activity, in fact, is an icebreaker and helps develop creative interaction through listening and speaking (conversation) skills. The responses to these will be lively, interactive, interesting and purposeful and will ensure psycho-logistic energy with positive qualities. Activities such as these would compel a learner to use the language fluently before attaining proficiency. Listening and speaking skills are integrated in reading and finally in writing. The use of certain techniques like this in teaching-learning of a language in the classroom would

make teaching quite creative and learning more interesting. Confident use of the language will be possible only by acquiring competence in communication. Maximum opportunities for learners’ participation and practice are to be created. Process Learning In the learning process, the roles of text books and teachers change. The text books are only tools that assist in organizing a variety of language activities in the classroom. These activities develop the language skills and not the learning content of the textbooks. The teacher, on his part, only manages in organizing the lesson and helps where necessary, by monitoring, prompting, initiating and overseeing the process of learning. The classroom situation is also totally different where the learners are organized in pair work, group work and other collective learning activities. In testing and evaluation, continuous assessment is followed by formal tests.

Activities in the Creative English Classroom

1. Dialogue writing helps students explore their points of view of a

character or a typical situation in the plot. e.g. A scene without any dialogue Students would imagine and write dialogue/s in pairs or groups. It is typical of creative writing.

2. Poetry provides excellent context for dialogue-writing; students write in pairs/groups

3. Writing a poem in English is enjoyable for a learner; Children can easily compose a poem using the expression: ‘I wish I were. . . .’

4. Identifying a kidnapper/chain snatcher based on description

of personal features through an interview (posing a series of questions) is typical of a creative writing!

5. Diary entry, Wall Chart, Visual Display, Notice, Message,

Announcement, Story Retold, Sentence completion, Information exchange, Predicting what next? Compare and Contrast, Creating a sketch of author. . . . are exhaustive writing activities.

A Communicative Teacher A revolution has swept through teaching in the language classrooms all over the world. Language practices typical of grammatical focus, errorcorrection and drilling are pseudo-communicative. Though some of these are pre-requisite activities for communication

purpose, the most commonly occurring pattern of interaction is the basic exchange structure found in mother tongue. In the communicative approach, therefore, use of language is emphasized for the benefit of learners. Teacher initiation, learner response, teacher follow-up and change in teaching methodology are crucial for language learning. Often, predicted flow of events in a classroom is broken. A skill-based teaching –learning has control over a particular aspect of learner or situation. Skill enables to make appropriate responses to situation or to initiate change and skills may be developed through practice. A classroom can be made really creative if the teacher is able to re-create an interesting situation where use of a language is mandatory for learners. Thus, every classroom teachinglearning situation can be creative as well as re-creative! january 16

Travel

Vanalatha

BHUTAN

Listen

The Land Of Thunder Dragon G

randiose mountains, colourful dzongs, serene monasteries and pristine surroundings; Bhutan brings a smile to one’s face. Enjoy the places of the happiest country in Asia and visit the Buddhist monasteries to have tranquil powers of thought. Bhutan is a landlocked country in South Asia at the eastern end of the Himalayas. It is bordered to the north by China and to the south, east and west by India. To the west, it is separated from Nepal by the Indian state of Sikkim, while farther south it is separated from Bangladesh by the Indian states of Assam and West Bengal. Bhutan’s capital and the largest city is Thimphu.

King & Queen of Bhutan: Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck & Jetsun Pema

Bhutan’s landscape ranges from subtropical plains in the south to the sub-alpine Himalayan heights in the north, where some peaks exceed 7,000 metres. Its total area is approximately 38,394 km2. The religion followed is Vajrayana Buddhism and the second-largest religion is Hinduism.

In 2006, based on a global survey, Business Week rated Bhutan the happiest country in Asia and the eighth-happiest in the world. Bhutan believes that happiness take precedence over economic prosperity in its development process. It has also driven the government towards self reliance to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor.

Tashichhoedzong

january 16

Dochu La Pass: Known as the Druk Wangyal Chortens the pass is a popular location among tourists as it offers a panoramic view of Himalayan mountain range. The view is scenic on clear, winter days with snowcapped mountains forming a majestic backdrop to the tranquility of the 108 chortens gracing the mountain pass.

Paro Taktsang - Also known as Tiger’s Nest, it is a prominent Himalayan Buddhist sacred site and temple complex, located in the cliffside of the upper Paro valley. Guru Padmasambhava is said to have meditated for three years, three months, three weeks, three days and three hours in the 8th century. He is credited with introducing Buddhism to Bhutan.

Thimphu: It is situated in the western central part of Bhutan. Thimphu contains most of the important political buildings in Bhutan. It is the only capital in the world without traffic lights and also follows a pedestrian day. Tashichhoedzong - It is a Buddhist monastery. The main structure of the whitewashed building is two-storied with three-storied towers at each of the four corners topped by tripletiered golden roofs with a large central tower.

National Memorial Chorten Popularly known as “the most visible religious landmark in Bhutan” it was consecrated by Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje. The whitewashed chorten, with its suncatching golden finial, is decorated with richly painted annexes facing the cardinal directions, and features elaborate mandalas, statues and a shrine dedicated to the popular king Jigme Dorji Wangchuck

Bhutan Mountain Biking: Mountain-biking in the Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan is altogether a new level of experience, pedaling high up there upclose with nature. The gorgeous mountain ranges, the river valleys, unpolluted landscape, intact nature and the living culture & traditions area thrill to experience.

Jigme Dorji National Park: The park provides sanctuary for 37 known species of mammals including several endangered, threatened or vulnerable species and more than 300 species of birds. It is also the only park in Bhutan where the national animal (takin), flower (blue poppy), bird (raven) and tree (cypress) exist together. Phobjika Valley: Also known as Gangtey valley it perches on a hillock rising from the flat valley floor. It is best known for the rare black necked cranes that migrate here from the Tibetan Plateau to avoid the extremely cold winters. These elegant birds can be seen from the end of October to March. The conservation area is a beautiful place for avid nature lovers. january 16

Education

Part VII-A

Study better, stress less and succeed in school Brainfeed brings you a new series on how to ‘Make the Grade’ where you will learn everything you need to study better, stress less, and succeed in school. Quality education is important for both personal and professional success. So, successful students do well because they map out what matters most to them, and then follow through, putting maximum effort where ever necessary, and not wasting valuable time on things that are less important. The great thing is that these prioritizing techniques are available to everyone, and if you adopt them, you’ll not only do better in school but also learn great skills you can use in applying for jobs, getting into college, and even navigating personal relationships as well. In part VII-A, you’ll be learning about how to focus on your work, improve your memory, and read more effectively. 42

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Studying Smarter I

n addition to staying organized, planning ahead, and taking good notes, successful students also have a tendency to not just study harder, but also study smarter. When it comes to studying, they make sure they make a plan and do their work in a place that supports what they are trying to learn. Time is precious, so use it wisely. Nothing is more frustrating than struggling to think over screaming siblings, or spending time on an assignment only to leave it behind in the morning. If you are willing to put the time in, then you deserve to make the most of it! Study Basics You feel really annoyed when you don’t perform well in an exam and your teacher says, “Just study harder next time.” What if you have already tried your hardest and still didn’t get the results you wanted? It might be time to examine how you study; from your plan of action to the place you do your work. Here are some basics that every student should learn to help make that study time yield more successful results. The Right Spot Set up a distraction-free area which will help you concentrate more to complete your work. Some people like privacy, others prefer places like the library where it’s peaceful, but there’s also some

ambient noise. The right setup will let you get your work done more efficiently. Avoid lying on your bed or sitting in front of the TV, which will lead to distraction instead of completing your work faster. Have your things like stationeries and study materials handy which will be a huge time saver. Make A Study Plan If you have a major test coming up, take few minutes time for some action plan. A clear study plan will help you manage your schedule and ensure that you have enough time to fully prepare for your exam. Depending on the importance of the test, if it is a major one, you can spend your time accordingly, otherwise a quick review is enough. Start Early And Space Out Your Study Sessions The earlier you start to review, the better you will learn the material, because you won’t be trying to jam it all into your brain at once. Prepare a timetable. Study for 45 minutes and take a break for 15 minutes for every hour. If you are doing a continuous study session, consider breaking it up into two shorter sessions and taking longer breaks in between.

Time Saver: Take Breaks If you have lots of load to work out, your brain needs time to recharge, prefer your favourite hobby. Go for a run, listen to your favourite music, take a round in the garden and go for a swim. This relaxation will help you out to absorb much more when you do get back to the books. Once your mind is fresh, you will be attentive in your task set. Think about your daily commitments as well as your regular homework load. Prepare a suitable timetable; assign different parts to each study session, starting with the material that needs the most work. Leave yourself a few sessions at the end to do a general review of everything. A Note On Memory Memory is the process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. Encoding allows information from the outside world to be sensed in the form of chemical and physical stimuli. In the first stage the information must be changed so that it may be put into the encoding process. Storage is the second memory stage or process. This entails that information is maintained over short periods of time. Finally the third process is the retrieval of information that has been stored. Such information must be located and returned to the consciousness. The information stored in our brains doesn’t have an automatic expiration date, and some things will stick around with almost no conscious effort, while other things determined to flutter.

Memory takes work; it requires maintenance. There are some basic things we can do to help keep our storage capacity in good working order.

1. Sleep

For many of us, sleep is the sweet balm that soothes and restores us after a long day of work and play. Sleep allows your brain to sort through the things you’ve learned and experienced in the course of the day. Without a good night’s rest, the struggle increases.

2. Be an active listener

The greatest aid to comprehension and retention is the act of listening and learning in the course of your school day. Engage in a constructive way and be attentive in the class.

3. Make connections

Speaking of constructive participation, it’s also important to try and connect what you’re learning to something you already know. Your memory is enhanced when you make associations to what’s already stored in your brain.

4. Practice

When you get back home, get back to your work and practice a lot. Reinforce what you’ve learned by doing problems, repeating the material out loud, teaching it to other people, rephrasing the text in front of you, and revising the confusing topic again and again. This helps to store the information to your permanent memory and also you can recall it when you need it. To be continued. january 16

Space

Mercury

obtain a closed-loop evaluation of the booster automatic abort system.

Redstone 2

It was the penultimate test flight and was launched at 16:55 UTC on January 31, 1961 from LC-5 at Cape Canaveral, Florida. It carried a 17 kg (37 pounds) weighing living organism, Ham , a chimpanzee, on a suborbital flight, landing in the Atlantic Ocean 16 minutes and 39 seconds after launch.

Ham was named in honor of Holloman Aerospace Medical Center. He was 3 years 8 months old at launch. Ham was chosen from a colony of six “astrochimps” to test the environmental control systems inside the Mercury capsule. Researchers sent chimpanzees into space because chimps’ organ and skeletal structures are similar to ours, and chimps can be trained.

Ham could concentrate and work in flight and performed his tasks well, pushing levers about 50 times during the flight. He moved levers in response to flashing lights, just as he had been taught in the laboratory. Ham’s response times in space were as good as on Earth. Even though some problems occurred in the spacecraft, Ham was safe in his own couch spacesuit and did not suffer any ill effects from the loss of cabin pressure. The spacecraft landed 422 miles downrange after a 16.5 minute flight.

Ham

ercury Redstone2 was the third attempted flight of the Mercury Redstone launch configuration and the first to include a living organism. The objectives of MR-2 were to: obtain physiological and performance data on a primate in ballistic space flight; qualify the Environmental Control System and aeromedical instrumentation; qualify the landing bag system; partially qualify the voice communication system; qualify the mechanically actuated side hatch; and,

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The spacecraft splashed down about 12:12 p.m. EST, out of sight from recovery forces. About 12 minutes later, the first recovery signal was received from the spacecraft. Twenty-seven minutes after landing, a search plane sighted the capsule floating upright in the Atlantic. Navy sent its rescue helicopters from the closest ship carrying them and they found the spacecraft on its side, taking on water, and submerging. The beryllium heat shield upon water impact had bounced against the capsule bottom, punching two holes in the titanium pressure bulkhead. When the spacecraft was opened Ham appeared to be in good condition and readily accepted an apple and half an orange.

Science

P. V. Seshubabu Listen

Terahertz Breakthrough Allows for

Ultrafast Wireless Communications

nited States and Japanese researchers have collaboratively developed a key component in order to enable wireless communications which operate up to 100x faster than current generation routers. Current wireless communications operate at microwave frequencies. However, scientists are looking for ways to alleviate the communication bottleneck. Between the microwave and infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum lies an appealing candidate: Terahertz(THz)radiation. Oscillating at around 1 trillion times per second, THz waves were previously utilized for the wireless data transmission world record, whereby a team of researchers showed local data transmission could be upto 100 GBit/s. However, for any real world system, electronic components are required which perform common functions akin to our regular

communication technology, such as transmission, multiplexing, detection , processing, etc. The THz Challenge Any high bandwidth communications technology requires the ability to multiplex (combine multiple signals together and transmit over one medium ) and demultiplex signals (separate out the multiple independent data stream for further A device processing).

However, multiplexing and demultiplexing of the much faster THz signals remains an unaddressed challenge; despite the importance of such capabilities for broadband networks.

The device is a modification of a common type of antenna designed to operate at THz wavelengths. Termed a â&#x20AC;&#x153;leaky wave antennaâ&#x20AC;?, the device is made from two parallel metal plates operating forming a waveguide. One of the plates to multiplex/ has a small slit in Drawing(Schematic demultiplex it and as the THz representation of between waves travel down multiplexing and directional free the waveguide, some demultiplexing of the radiation leaks space beams operation) out. The angle the and a single leaks out This technique mode waveguide radiation is dependent on its permits the transfer is extremely frequency hence 10 of the masses of data appealing for different frequencies around the internet, real-world will radiate out 10 TV etc. whereby a different angles communication vast number of data (demultiplexing) channels are carried application. and by reversing the over a single optical process the device can multiplex. fiber, wireless or copper cable . Furthermore, one of the advantages to the approach is that by adjusting the distance between the plates, it is possible to adjust the spectrum bandwidth that can be allocated to each channel and this offers a unique method for controlling the spectrum allocation, by variation of the waveguide plate separation. Some of the methods of the operation are outlined in the figure below. Are THz waves safe? THz radiation is non-ionizing that damage to humans is extremely unlikely. january 16

Career

Nutritionist or Dietician Balancing Diet, wellness and fitness

Vanalatha

e are familiar with the concept “Health is Wealth.” Due to increase in variety of unknown diseases people are becoming more health conscious. Healthy and nutritious diet boosts immunity, prevents diseases. Everyone wants to look good and lead a healthy lifestyle. People most often visit nutritionists and get their suggestions for their healthy life. A balanced diet is necessary for maintaining a healthy lifestyle and nutritionists help people discover the best diets for their needs.

Skills required

A nutritionist, also known as a dietician, is a health professional who creates diets for people. Their main role is to teach patients about healthy eating, as well as staying aware of developments in medicine and nutrition. There is a slight difference between dietetics and nutritionist: dietetics focuses on food management, whereas nutritionist focuses on the promotion of health through healthy food.

Understanding people from various backgrounds

Nutritionists and dieticians are responsible for recommending proper, as well as corrective, food and eating habits, while taking into account of the patient’s health, lifestyle, age, potential allergies and food preferences.

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• Organizational abilities • Working well in a team • Aptitude for science • An interest in diet

Strong communication skills are helpful, as their major role is to explain and advise patients on diet and nutritional plans, as well as motivating patients to reach for specific nutritional and dietetic goals.

Eligibility To do the Bachelor program in Nutrition and Dietetics, one should have completed Intermediate in Science with Physics, Chemistry and Biology. The courses in Nutrition and Dietetics are offered at diploma, undergraduate and post-graduate level. Admission to these courses is made on the basis of merit. But a few institutes/ universities also conduct entrance examinations for admission. The B.Sc (Food Science and Nutrition) is a three year programme. To do the M.Sc course in Nutrition, one needs to have a basic graduate degree preferably in science. Preferable fields of graduation are: Microbiology, Chemistry, Home Science, Medicine, Hotel management or catering technology. One may also pursue a year-long PG Diploma in Nutrition and Dietitics.

Job Duties and Tasks Assess nutritional needs, diet restrictions and current health plans to develop and implement the plans and provides nutritional counseling.

Courses and Career Prospects There are different types of dietician positions: clinical dieticians, community dieticians, management dieticians, and consultant dieticians. Each of these positions offers different career options, such as food nutrition services in hospitals, nutrition counseling in public health agencies and fitness clubs or clinical management in food service systems. Nutraceuticals companies are also emerging as leading employers. Here dieticians work in tandem with the biomedical team to come up with the right product. Residential schools, airlines, gymnasiums, spas are other avenues where a nutritionist is highly sought after. One can also be a consultant for hotels and cafes.

NIN, Hyderabad

Advice patients and their families on nutritional principles, dietary plans and diet modifications, and food selection and preparation. Counsel individuals and groups on basic rules of good nutrition, healthy eating habits and nutrition monitoring to improve their quality of life. Monitor food service operations to ensure conformance to nutritional, safety, sanitation and quality standards. Coordinate recipe development and standardization and develop new menus for independent food service operations.

Remuneration Nutrition & Dietetics is a sophisticated career option. The professionals involved in this field are associated with richer section of the society. Hence there is no limitation to earnings. A trainee can earn between `15,000 to `35,000 per month. Professionals working in research field, teaching or in food manufacturing units earn handsome salary along with other perks and benefits. However, consultant dieticians in private practice earn much more depending on their skills and reputation.

Some of the Prominent Institutes National Institute of Nutrition Hyderabad J. D. Birla Institute of Home Science, Kolkata Lady Irwin College, New Delhi S.N.D.T. Womenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s University, Mumbai All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkatta january 16

Health

Cold Weather Ailments

Common Cold

Winter

The common cold also known as nasopharyngitis, rhinopharyngitis, acute coryza head cold, or simply a cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract which primarily affects the nose which usually resolve in seven to ten days, with some symptoms lasting up to three weeks. Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in the cause of the common cold; the rhinoviruses are the most common. The common cold may occasionally lead to pneumonia, either viral pneumonia or secondary bacterial pneumonia. Symptoms: Cough, Sore throat, Runny nose, Sneezing, Fever, Head ache

Health Risks

FOGGY mornings, CHILLING evenings, Sweaters and fire place, WINTER is here in India, much to the joy of the people. It is the season of ginger tea and brewing coffee. It is also the season to cuddle in the cozy blanket and feel lazy to wake up in the morning.

Influenza

Commonly known as “the flu”, it is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus. Symptoms can be mild to severe. The symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and lasts less than a week. The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks. Complications of influenza may include viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, sinus

The human body takes time to adjust to any kind of change, whether it is a change in diet, a change in geography, or a change in temperature and climate. Every time the season changes, our body takes time to get accustomed to it, giving infections an opportunity to attack it. During this period of adjustment to the changing season, the body’s immunity tends to be low and therefore the body is susceptible to attacks from viruses and bacteria. A few common diseases during this season makes one to wait in a queue for medication.

Cough: A cough is a sudden and often repetitively

occurring reflex which helps to clear the large breathing passages from secretions, irritants, foreign particles and microbes. The cough reflex consists of three phases: an inhalation, a forced exhalation against a closed glottis, and a violent release of air from the lungs following opening of the glottis, usually accompanied by a distinctive sound. Coughing is either voluntary or involuntary. A cough can be the result of a respiratory tract infection such as common cold, asthma etc.

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infections, and worsening of previous health problems such as asthma or heart failure. The most common symptoms include: High fever, Runny nose, Sore throat, Muscle pains, Headache, Coughing and feeling tired nausea and vomiting (in children)

Here’s what can be done to prepare for the season and keep those winter ailments at bay.

Norovirus

Bronchitis

Norovirus, sometimes known as the winter vomiting bug is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans. It affects people of all ages. Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur.

Bronchitis, which can affect anyone, is one of the most common conditions for which people seek medical advice. It occurs mostly in winter, especially during outbreaks of influenza. Inflammation of the airways causes them to narrow and secrete thick mucus, or phlegm, which clogs the small airways, causing the characteristic cough of bronchitis, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Treatment for bronchitis is rest and fluids, though antibiotics can help if the infection is bacterial.

Cold Sores Cold sores are small blisters that develop on the lips or around the mouth. They are caused by the herpes simplex virus and usually clear up without treatment within 7 to 10 days. Cold sores often start with a tingling, itching or burning sensation around the mouth. Small fluid-filled sores will then appear, most commonly on the edges of the lower lip.

• A majority of the winter ailments occur due to a weak immune system and flagging health. The immune system can be kept healthy by eating good, healthy food. A balanced meal can help a person keep fit. Consume warm or hot food. Don’t prefer refrigerated food or leftover food. Taking plenty of rest and exposing the body to adequate sunlight can also improve immunity. • It gets quite chilly in the night and therefore adequate measures should be taken to keep the body warm. • The cold and dry weather tends to dry the skin more readily. Dry skin may crack and chap to form sores. It is better to drink lots of water and use water based moisturizers to keep the skin hydrated and prevent drying. Natural oils like jojoba, coconut, and avocado oils are great when smeared on the body. They can help soothe the skin and should be included in daily grooming routine during winters. • Plenty of nutrition can help take care of both your health and your skin. Vitamin C helps boost immunity also helps prevent common cold and flu.

• Wash hands regularly using antiseptic sanitizer and wear face masks if you go out in crowded areas

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FOOD

hen we think about winter, we immediately think about cold, cough, cracked heels, chapped lips, biting cold etc. Every one of us wants to get relief from this nasty weather. But did you know, winter is the best season to improve immunity. During this time, people feel hungrier. Amazingly, the body engine works better in the winter and foods are better digested. This aids in providing more nourishment to the body. The betacarotene in carrots is an excellent source of vitamin A and a powerful anti-oxidant.

Keeping Healthy in

Winter

Listen

Eat Healthy to Beat the Winter Blues Here are a few food items which will help you to build your immunity during winter.

Potatoes and yams are rich in carbohydrates and help to provide much-needed energy.

Rich in isothiocyanates and indoles, phytochemicals, white radish, onion and garlic help prevent cancer and boost the immune system. Their strong flavour helps to pep up the taste of food.

So how does one boosts immunity during winter?

Fenugreek leaves, spinach, mustard leaves, corriander are a good source of beta-carotene and Vitamin C that help fight disease and build immunity.

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Whole grain cereals, pulses, green beans and peas are high energy protein foods that provide the required fuel to combat the cold.

Dates are highly recommended in the winter months due to the good source of fibre, iron, magnesium, calcium and vitamin C and B3.

Mustard, asafoetida, black pepper, fenugreek, bishopâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s weed are all warm spices that are a valuable remedy for winter coughs and flu, stimulating appetite and digestion and increasing blood circulation. Turmeric is a potent anti-microbial immunity builder.

Indian Gooseberry is loaded with Vitamin C, and is very good to step up immunity.

Seesame seeds/dry ginger powder made into tiny ladoos with jaggery and ghee is excellent for combating winter chills.

Papaya and pineapple are believed to provide warmth.

Basil protects against cold and fever and helps strengthen immunity.

Immunity-boosting foods are those that are fresh, organic, and easy to digest. Some spices also have anti-microbial properties that protect us from cold and infections. They also act to increase digestive enzymes and cellular metabolic function, and ensure complete absorption of nutrients. Any vegetable that takes time to grow, and in which the edible part grows beneath the surface of the ground is usually warming and a good vegetable to eat in winter. Pay attention to your lifestyle, too. Staying up late, working at night, eating at irregular times, exposing the body to stress and fatigue, and sleeping during the day can all affect the digestive and body rhythms - and thus compromise rather than strengthen the immune system. So this year, spend the cold season staying warm and healthy. HAPPY WINTER!!!

Technology

Apps of the Month Motion Math Zoom - An

animal adventure through the world of numbers! Motion Math Zoom features the most interactive number line of all time. The intuitive pinch gesture allows kids to navigate among concrete objects (animals) that represent abstract numbers: from dinosaurs in the thousands to amoebas in the thousandths.

Algodoo - Algodoo mixes the concepts of a sandbox and laboratory so that students can create their own physics questions and discover the laws that govern gravity, magnetism, and light. Teachers can use the built-in lessons, which feature reflection and assessment options, or create simple labs and tutorials that can be duplicated by students at a later time.

Drivemode - Drivemode is an application that is meant to be used in the car. It works by giving you swipe gestures and large, colourized buttons to help you keep your eyes on the road and off of your smartphone. With it, a person can listen to music, answer texts, answer phone calls, and plenty of other tasks.

SwiftKey - SwiftKey Symbols

is a new, very different type of keyboard. Instead of words and letters, SwiftKey Symbols uses symbols to allow people to communicate. This is a great application and can potentially be useful for those with autism or other, various communication disorders. It’s a bit simplistic right now and users are already asking for more symbols, but still, this is a pretty great little thing.

lectric motorcycles and scooters continue to develop as technological advancements extend the range, performance and affordability of such machines. Hundreds of companies around the world manufacture scooters. Gogoro can certainly count itself among them, but the upstart Taiwanese firm is taking a more radical approach to the scooter market. The company has created its own electric scooter, and developed a game-changing new way to charge it. Gogoro Smartscooter packs an 8.5-horsepower electric motor, can sprint from zero to 31 mph in 4.2 seconds, and can zip on electricity for up to 60 miles. It recently came on sale in Taipei and charges not by plugging into a wall outlet, but by swapping a battery pack in-and-out at local charging stations. The space-age scooter features a lightweight aluminum chassis, stunningly designed info screen, and adds an upmarket “Plus” option with more colour choices and performance shock absorbers. So far, the Gogoro Smartscooter and

Smart Scooter

GOGORO

charging stations are only available in Taipei, however the company has said it wishes to grow the technology to more scooter-savvy markets in the future. Gogoro, revealed its new Smartscooter during the 2015 Consumer Electronics Show, and has proposed a new idea to dramatically reduce battery recharge time – the Gogoro Energy Network, “a modular battery-swapping infrastructure for electric vehicles like the Smartscooter that can be deployed across a city to provide portable power.” The proposed “GoStations” would be “ATM-sized vending machines” where riders swap out a depleted battery for a fully charged unit. Riders would subscribe to a monthly plan that includes unlimited battery swaps and roadside assistance. january 16

Language Study

Vocabulary in

French

for Beginners Here are some everyday used simple words in French language.

F FRENCH

Hello, how are you? Salut, Comment allez-vous? Salut, Koment alle vu? Do you understand French? Comprenez-vou le francais? Komprene vu le fransay?

P Pronunciation

F P

Oh, no problem. I shall accompany you

P F

Do you speak French? Parlez-vous francais? Parle vu fransay?

Have you been to France before? Avez-vous ete en France avant? Avez vu et e France avan?

No, this is my first visit to Paris Non, ceci est ma premiere visite a Paris Non, sisi e ma premier visit a Paris

Oh, pas de probleme. Ja vais vous accompagner Oh, pa de problem. Ya vwa vu akompene Please take me to Eifel Tower, the Louvre and River Seine Sil vous plait prenez-moi a Eifel Tower, le Louvre et la Seine Sil vu play prene-mwa e Eifel Tower, le Louvre e la Seine

Dreaming Big:

Book

My Journey to Connect India

Review

A young man from Titilagarh, Orissa, buoyed by nothing but dreams, boards a boat to America in 1964. There, in the land of opportunity, Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda strikes gold in the burgeoning tech space to become the American millionaire Sam Pitroda. Armed with global patents and a vision supported by former Prime Minister (late) Shri Rajiv Gandhi, he vows to return home and fix Indiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s telephone troubles. By: Sam Pitroda with David Chanoff Publisher: Kindle Edition Kindle Price : `404 No. of Pages: 338

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Sam Pitroda became synonymous with the bright-yellow PCO/ STD booths that sprang across the country and was dynamo in the Congress machinery in the 1980s But his world came crashing down when he was dealt one blow after the other - a heart attack, false corruption charges, and the assassination of his dear friend Rajiv Gandhi. To make matters worse, he realized that he had run out of money. This is the astonishing and heartwarming story of how one at the top hits rock bottom and make bigger dent in the world.

LearnEnglish

BRITISH COUNCIL Activity 1 Before you read, match the word or phrase to a definition. 1. buoyant

2. coral reef

3. frowned on

4. iron

5. razor-sharp

6. wetsuit

a. formation made of small animal skeletons near the surface of the ocean b. a rubber suit used by swimmers or divers to keep them warm c. able to stay on top of the water d. a heated device with a flat bottom for pressing clothes e. considered bad or wrong f. that can cut very easily © Rui Santos

Bodysurfing (Dolphins know what’s best) Dolphins love waves

I have been lucky enough to be right next to dolphins playing in perfect surf, using the power of the waves to travel even faster than they normally swim. There is no doubt they are enjoying themselves and, though of course I can’t swim like a dolphin, I can experience this same fun when bodysurfing. What is bodysurfing? Bodysurfing involves riding on a wave with no help from any buoyant device such as a surfboard, which makes it the ‘purest’ form of surfing. In fact, it is one of very few extreme sports – free climbing and cliff diving are others – that can be practised using nothing but the human body.

Activity 3 Match an idea from each paragraph to a paragraph heading. Idea from paragraph

Paragraph heading

1. Just swim and the wave will do the rest

a. Dolphins love waves

2. The first bodysurfers

b. What is bodysurfing?

3. Things that can make it better

c. What do you need?

4. Where can you see the best bodysurfers?

d. How do you do it?

5. You can do it without anything to help you

e. Unofficial world championship

What do you need? Nevertheless, it is more enjoyable – and safer – if you use flippers (large flat rubber shoes). This is because they enable you to swim faster, and so catch waves and surf along them more easily. A wetsuit is also advisable unless you are bodysurfing in tropical seas.

Activity 4

Another aid is a handboard, a mini-surf board about the size of an iron, held in one hand to generate more speed along the wave. These are frowned on by purists, however.

1. In the first sentence of the first paragraph, what is ‘they’? a. waves b. dolphins c. bodysurfers

How do you do it?

2. In the first sentence of the second paragraph, what is ‘it’? a. wave b. buoyant device c. bodysurfing

To catch a wave, swim to where the waves break and, as one approaches, start swimming towards the beach. You must try to travel at the same speed as the wave and, if you do it correctly, you will feel the wave lifting you and pushing you forwards. Then try and cut along the surface of the wave. Unofficial world championship Bodysurfing is not a professional sport, but it does have its own unofficial world championship – the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic – held each year at the legendary Banzai Pipeline in Hawaii. Local bodysurfers compete against athletes from places such as Australia, Brazil, Japan or France, in terrifying walls of water above the razor-sharp coral reef. Famous bodyboarder Mike Stewart has won the event no fewer than 12 times, and Kelly Slater, the greatest surfer in history, has also competed.

Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.

3. In the second sentence of the third paragraph, what is ‘they’? a. flippers b. waves c. wetsuits 4. In the last sentence of the fourth paragraph, what is ‘These’? a. irons b. handboards c. waves 5. In the first sentence of the fifth paragraph, what is ‘one’? a. a wave b. a bodysurfer c. a beach 6. In the first sentence of the sixth paragraph, what is ‘it’? a. professional sport b. bodysurfing c. world championship.

For me no other sport is as much fun as bodysurfing. There’s a good reason why dolphins choose not to use surfboards!

Activity 2

Activity 5 Have you ever tried an extreme sport? Which sport? What did you think of it?

Now complete the sentences using words and phrases from the text.

4. Off the coast of Queensland in Australia is the largest (..........) in the world, where you can find more than 1,500 species of fish. 5. She accidentally cut her finger with the (..........) kitchen knife. 6. The water was very cold so I wore a (..........) to keep warm.

Answers

3. Luckily, the piece of wood he held on to was (..........) and so he was able to survive until he was rescued from the river.

Activity 3 1. d; 2. a; 3. c; 4. e; 5. b Activity 4 1. b; 2. c; 3. a; 4. b; 5. a; 6. b

2. In some countries being in a public place without a shirt is (..........), so you shouldn’t do it when you’re there.

Activity 1 1. c; 2. a; 3. e; 4. d; 5. f; 6. b Activity 2 1. iron; 2. frowned on; 3. buoyant; 4. coral reef; 5. razor-sharp; 6. wetsuit

1. Can I use the (..........)? I want my shirt to look good when I go to my job interview.

january 16

Short Story

Struggles of our Life

Listen

Many a times we start complaining about the struggles in our lives and grumble with our problems instead of facing it boldly. Here is a story which will explain about the acceptance of one’s life.

A daughter complained her father that her life was miserable and that she didn’t know how she was going to make it. She was tired of fighting and struggling all the time. It seemed just as one problem was solved, another one soon followed. Her father, a chef, listened patiently and took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil, he placed potatoes in one pot, eggs in the second pot and ground coffee beans in the third pot. He then let them boil. The daughter, moaned and impatiently waited, wondering what he was doing. After twenty minutes he turned off the burners. He took the potatoes out of the pot and placed them in a bowl. He pulled the eggs out and placed them in an another bowl. He then ladled the coffee out and placed it in a cup. replied.

Turning to her, he asked. “Daughter, what do you see?” “Potatoes, eggs and coffee,” she hastily

“Look closer”, he said, “and touch the potatoes.” She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to sip the coffee. Its rich aroma brought a smile to her face. “Father, what does this mean?” she asked. He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and coffee beans had each faced the same adversity-the boiling water. However, each one reacted differently. The potato strong and hard became soft and weak. The egg fragile, with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid interior became hard. However, the ground coffee beans were unique. After they were exposed to the boiling water, they changed the water and created something new. “Which one are you?” he asked his daughter. “When adversity knocks on your door, how do you respond? Are you a potato, an egg, or a coffee bean?” Moral: In life, things happen around us, things happen to us, but the only thing that truly matters is how we choose to react to it and what we make out of it. Life is all about learning, adopting and converting all the struggles that we experience into something positive.

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6. The International Cricket Council (ICC) has declared a new global partnership with OPPO, one of the world’s leading electronic and technology service providers. 7. The World Bank has sanctioned a $1.5 billion loan to India for its Clean India Campaign . 8. The President of India, Pranab Mukherjee has been honoured with the Garwood Award for ‘Outstanding Global Leader in Open Innovation’ from US Berkeley-Haas School at Rashtrapati Bhavan on December 17, 2015. 9. India’s first National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO) has been set up at Safdarjung hospital in New Delhi. 10. Maharashtra is the biggest economy among the states in India in the Financial Year 2014-15.

een as b ith the r h o Wh red w ard fo al u b o Aw hon wood ing Glo n e r Ga tstand in Op ? ‘Ou eader ation’ L nov In

january 16

1. Pulin Kumar, Group Senior Legal and Compliance Director of Adidas India, won the Award on November 26, 2015 for his contribution to the legal field in and outside India for more than 21 years. 2. Justice Tirath Singh Thakur sworn in as Chief Justice of India on December 3, 2015. 3. India’s second largest passenger car manufacturer Hyundai Motor India has launched ‘Safe Move-Traffic Safety Campaign’, under its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative. 4. Chennai had 246.5mm rainfall recently, which broke the record of November 2005 which was 142.4mm. In 1918, Chennai received 1,088.4mm rainfall which remains the maximum till date. 5. “TIKHOR”, a one-horned rhino, is the mascot of the 12th South Asian Games 2016. The logo of the event is a flower with eight petals representing the 8 participating nations.

Answers first India’s rgan and al O t Nation Transplan e u s n s i o i T izat Organ as been h ) ? O (NOTT which city n i set up

Which organisation has sanctioned $1.5 billion loan to support the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM)?

What is the mascot of the 12th South Asian Games 2016 and what is the logo?

e on th an w s i ha nd Who tigious I s a pre nal B r ward o A Nati ciation 5? Asso A) in 201 (INB

2 as 43rd Who sworn in f India o Chief Justice ? and when

Accordin Brickwo g to the latest rk which sta Ratings report, the bigge te’s economy is s Financia t in India in the l Year 20 14-15?

10 Which company has become the global partner of the International Cricket Council (ICC) from 2016 to 2020? What is the highest measurement of the recent rains in Chennai, creating havoc in the city?

Which company has launched the ‘Safe MoveTraffic Safety Campaign’?

s r i a f f A Current

QUI Z

Amazing

Facts The slowest flowering plant is the Puya Raimondii of Bolivia. It flowers after about 150 years, and then dies. It grows to a height of 35 feet. The woodpecker finch also named as the carpenter finch uses cactus spines to probe the bark of trees for insects. This is one of the rare cases of a bird using a tool.

A man called his child’s doctor, “Hello! My son just snatched my pen when I was writing and swallowed it. What should I do?” The doctor replied, “Until I can come over, write with another pen.”

Goliath frog is the

world’s largest frog. It grows to a length of around 32 centimeters and weighs up to 3.3 kilograms.

A teacher wanted to teach her students about self-esteem, so she asked anyone who thought they were stupid to stand up. One kid stood up and the teacher was surprised. She didn’t think anyone would stand up so she asked him, “Why did you stand up?” He answered, “I didn’t want to leave you standing up by yourself.”

The little boy had just started school. When he returned home the first day, his mother asked: Mother: Billy, what did you learn today? Billy: I learned to write. Mother: Oh, what did you write? Billy: I don’t know. I haven’t learned to read yet.

Venus is the only planet in the solar system that rotates clockwise, whereas all other planets rotate anti-clock wise. The number four – is the only number that has the same number of alphabets/ letters as its value in English language.

The blue whale is the largest animal on earth. The heart of a blue whale is as big as a car, and its tongue is as long as an elephant.

january 16

A science teacher tells his class, “Oxygen is a must for breathing and life. It was discovered in 1773.” A blonde student responds, “Thank God I was born after 1773! Otherwise I would have died without it.”

Teacher: Why didn’t you come to school yesterday? Student: I was sick. Teacher: Sick of what? Student: Sick of SCHOOL!

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MIND

MINE

CROSSWORD 31 1

J words crossword puzzle 2

7 8

Across

Down

2. Baby kangaroo

1. Milk is kept in a ……….

3. Ffast airplane

2. They make sure you receive a fair trail

4. Sharp rough edge

3. Under the age of 18

6. To eject 9

30X 1–

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How to Solve Ken Ken? Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column. Digits within each heavily outlined group of squares, called a cage, must combine to make the arithmetic result indicated.

january 16

7. Holds your car up while you change a tire 8. First month of the year

10. You must go to work to keep your …………

KEN KEN 26 1–

6. Capital of Indonesia

7. To pull quickly 8. Largest planet in the solar system

A 3X3-square puzzle will use the digits from 1 to 3, a 4X4-square puzzle will use the digits from 1 to 4, etc. Solving a Ken Ken puzzle involves pure logic and mathematics. No guesswork is needed. Every puzzle has a unique solution. In a cage marked with a plus sign, the given number will be the sum of the digits you enter in the squares. In a cage marked with a minus sign, the given number will be the difference between the digits you enter in the squares ( the lower digit subtracted from the higher one).

5. Unite with a group

12. Cleans and maintains a building

9. If you break the law, you will go to ……. 10. A member of a sports team wears this 11. If it is cold, you wear a ………… 13. Island country

13. Horse

14. Independence Day in US falls in this month

14. Peanut butter and ……

SUDOKU 31 2

5 5

4 9

1 7

5 9 2

7 2

1 3

5 4 9

3 1

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