SCRATCH PROGRAMMNG

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SCIENCE 6. UNIT 8. PROGRAMMING WITH SCRATCH. CONTENTS: 1.– Introducion of programming.

2.– What is scratch?

3.– Structure of the interface.

Languages, tutorials, stage, sprites, codes, sounds...

3.1.- Functions: Stage, Sprites, Codes.

4.- Practice 5.– Creating a game.

C.E.I.P. SANTA ANA (Madridejos)

Computer programming is the process of creating computer programs.

1.– INTRODUCTION.

The purpose of programming is to write a sequence of instructions that tells a computer what to do.

These instructions are written in a programming language that is used to communicate with the computer.

There are many programming languages. We are going to use a very simple application that permits us to create stories, games… This application is called scratch.

Programming languages are very complicated.

They are written using special codes.

2.– WHAT IS SCRATCH?

Scratch is a kind of programming language without using a code. A code is a very difficult language that only the computers understand.

We are going to use blocks of instructions. They are very simple, and we must use them using logic.

We can add blocks to give different orders to the different characters that we can create. We can produce animations, videos, games…

SCRATCH on internet: https://scratch.mit.edu/ Create an account on internet, log in... and you can start.

3.– STRUCTURE OF THE INTERFACE. Languages

My projects Tutorials Stop Start

Code: (Instructions for the computer) .– Motion .– Looks .– Events .– Control .– Sensing .– Operators...

Costumes or Backdrops: (Modify the appearance) .– Colour .– Size

Sounds: (Insert and modify sounds) .– Volume .– Timbre...

USEFUL WORDS: .– programming language .– looks .– size .– sprite

Sprite: (Insert or introduce) .– Characters .– Objects...

.– code .– events .– stage

Stage: (Insert new backdrops)

.– account .– sensing .– backdrop

.– languages .– motion .– operators .– costumes .– start / stop

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A.- STAGE (the place)

3.1.– FUNCTIONS.

Upload a backdrop from your computer Paint a backdrop Choose a backdrop

B.- SPRITES (Characters, animals, objects...)

Position Upload a sprite from your computer

Name

Paint a sprite

Show/don’t show

Choose a new sprite

Select a sprite

C.– CODES Motion: how to move Looks: modify appearance...

1.- Insert a backdrop (stage) 2.– Insert new sprites 3.- Select the sprite, and choose, add, join... different codes… to do different actions.

Sound: modify sound...

Events: when it happens...

Control: repeat, wait, if….

Sensing: ask, answer, timer..

Operator: + - * : < random Variables: change variables

4.– PRACTICE:

4.1.– How to create an account on internet: A.– Go to https://scratch.mit.edu/ B.– Join scratch: .– Write a username (not the real one) .– Write password (don’t forget them) / next.

C.– Write more data birth, country…

D.– Write an e-mail… and that’s it.

4.2.– Where to practice: English: (Module 1, module 2, module 3 and additional projects) https://codeclubprojects.org/en-GB/scratch/ Spanish: Módulo 1: https://projects.raspberrypi.org/es-ES/codeclub/scratch-module-1 Módulo 2: https://projects.raspberrypi.org/es-ES/codeclub/scratch-module-2

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5.– CREATING A GAME: ‘Ballons bursting game’ First, log in the scratch website (username and password) and create a new project.

1.– Insert a stage: 1.1.– Write a name for the project 1.2.– Delete the cat.

1.3.– Choose or upload a new stage (a picture) 1.4.– Modify it, if you want (insert new colours…)

1.5.– Upload a picture 1.6.– Select the rectangle 1.7.– Choose the colour and fill the rectangle (two clicks) 1.8.– Save

2.– Insert a sprite: 2.1.– Choose a sprite 2.2.– Select a ballon

2.3.– Modify the ballon: Select, name, size, position, show, don’t show…

Duplicate, delete... (secondary mouse button) 2.4.– Save Project.

3.– Animating the ballon: (Click on code) 3.1.- Add this code to your balloon, so that it bounces around the screen:

3.2.– Change the colour of the ballon.

(Put it under the random position)

Move at random.

Change the number to change the speed of the ballon.

Bounce at the edges.

Don’t rotate.

3.3.- Save Project.

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4.– Popping ballon 4.1.– Click on your balloon sprite, and then click the ‘Costumes’ tab Click on ‘Balloon 1’ and with the secondary button duplicate it and called ‘burst’.

4.2.– Draw some lines around the balloon and erase the ballon.

4.3.– Insert this code, and ballon 1 when you click the flag, and it will appear.

4.4.– Insert these codes to change the image of the ballon into the burst one.

4.5.– This code makes the sound ‘pop’

4.6.– These codes makes to wait for 0.3 seconds and later hide the burst image.

4.7.– To show the ballon again you must insert ’show’ after ‘When click the flag’.

4.8.– Save Project.

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5.– How to insert a score 5.1.– Make a variable. Write a name for the new variable (SCORE), and for all sprites.

5.2.- You can see the new variable: ‘SCORE’

5.3.– Insert the code ‘set SCORE to 0’ when click the flag.

(Everytime you start the game, the score will be ‘0’)

6.– How to insert lots of ballons.

5.4.- Insert ‘change SCORE by 1’ when click the sprites (ballon).

(Everytime you pop a ballon, you’ll get 1 point)

(To create lots of ballons, we are going to clone the original one)

6.1.– Insert the code ‘repeat 25 times’ and ‘create clone of myself’ .

Link after ‘set SCORE to 0’ and ‘hide’ (Creating 25 clones)

6.2.– Insert the code ‘when I start as a clone’ and link the rest of codes. (showing the 25 clones)

6.3.– Save your project.

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7.– How to insert a timer 7.1.– Make a new variable. Write a name for the new variable (TIME), and for all sprites.

7.2.– The timer must work in this way : A.- The timer should start at 20 seconds.

B.- The timer should count down every second.

C.- The game should stop when the timer gets to 0.

When the you click the flag (when the game starts) From 20 seconds Repeat till the time is 0 Wait 1 second to change –1 Do a countdown (second by second) Stop all (the game) at the end.

7.3.– Save the project.

8.- YOU CAN ENJOY YOUR GAME!!!