Final collective report Svartöstaden

RE:GENERATION C7002B SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT 2014-10-23

Group 1 - The Blackis ”Axis”

Group 3 - The north waterfront

Group 5 - The grid

Amanda Nilsson Helena Sjöberg Kristina Viklund Linda Hartzell Minna Jersenius

Per Westermark.

Jenny Trlicik Thérese Sveitz Jesse Saukkokoski Carl Ringberger

Line Ryden Victoria Sörebö Patrik Rönnqvist

Group 2 - The SSAB-Svartöstaden buffer

Group 4 - The hill

Group 6 -The south waterfront

Felix Staffanson Erik Llindberg Josefine Ekbäck Linnéa Olsson Linnea Emmot Tiger

Andreas Storm Ico Broekhuizen Simon Lundgren Twan Rovers Victoria Bengtsson

Viktor Lindqvist Gustav Duberg Viktor Hemling Jennifer Jonsson

Course team

Guest lecturers

Agatino Rizzo Hamon Abbasi

David Chapman Malin Johansson Thomas Örn Erik Johansson

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Introduction......................................4 Methodology....................................5 Analyses.......................................6-21 Collective SWOT.............................22 Visions.........................................23-28 Collective vision..............................29 Strategic interventions...................30 Proposals Group 1......................................31-35 Group 2......................................36-40 Group 3......................................41-45 Group 4......................................46-50 Group 5......................................51-55 Group 6......................................56-60

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Svartöstaden is a residential district to the South of Lulea city centre. Originally the area served as the main worker neighborhood for nearby SSAB steal factory. The area is today listed as a heritage site by the national authorities.

In recent years, cheap property prices in Svartöstaden have contributed to attract new inhabitants such as artists, young families, etc. Today, this new social milieu has come together to advocate for better social inclusion policies (e.g., to support new rental housing) and urban amenities (e.g., schools, markets, cultural buildings, etc.) as well as to contest other, more aggressive land uses (e.g., Norrbotniabanan Corridor).

The aim of this exercise is to deliver a sustainable urban regeneration plan for the neighborhood of Svartöstaden.

For urban regeneration we understand a well-established approach by which an area is upgraded by leveraging on the energies, and skills of the local community as opposite to top-down, urban redevelopment. In this project we have focused on Urban Livability that according to David Godschalk (1) is one of the main dimensions of sustainable urban planning (the others being economy, environment, and social sustainability).

In the following steps: 1. Analysis of Svartöstaden In the first step each group will analyze one urban layer: • Land Use (e.g., housing, entrepreneurship, culture, education, etc.); • Networks (energy, mobility, etc.); • Subsoil (topography, environmental units, etc.); • City/Regional Trends & Policy (e.g., regional & city planning, demography, etc.); • Local Trends & Policy (e.g., local masterplan, local real estate market, etc.); • Stakeholders (e.g., community, public agencies, etc.).

These analyses consist of desktop research and fieldwork observations and interviews that have been carried out during the Svartöstaden Fieldwork Workshop (held on September, 15th).

3. Svartöstaden Urban Regeneration Project The second part of the project consists mainly of, but not limited to, an urban design exercise that will explore the potentials of the Vision. Sub-areas within and beside Svartöstaden have been chosen and designed accordingly.

4. Final Project Presentation On October, 23rd posters have been presented during an open event held in Svartöstaden. A jury made of course leaders, LTU staff, Luleå Kommun and Svartöstaden representatives helped discussed the six urban regeneration projects.

Agatino Rizzo, course leader Hamon Abbasi, tutor

2. Vision Seminar Each Group has presented its analyses and visions for Svartöstaden during a course seminar. During the seminar visions were discussed and voted. One consolidated vision has been elaborated to be the basis for the second part of the exercise.

1. Godschalk, D. R. (2004). Land use planning challenges: Coping with conflicts in visions of sustainable development and livable communities. Journal of the American Planning Association, 70(1), 5-13.

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Land use

Residential area

LOCATION OF FUNCTIONS

Industrial area

Green area

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Land use

RecreationalCommercial Cultural

Educational

COMMUNITY

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Different functions in Svartรถstaden today.

Nodes and meetingpoints in Svartรถstaden today.

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Land use HISTORY Up until the late 19th century, Svartön in Luleå was pastureland for cattle. The main reasons behind creating a settlement on Svartön was the growing population and thereby increasing land prices in Luleå. Robert Asplund bought the land from farmers and divided it into lots. The first 27 settlements were constructed in 1894, mostly homes built by industrial workers after work hours.

In 1900 ”Blackis” was built, a communal building and home to many different organizations ever since. In 1902, Svartöstaden had over 2400 inhabitants.

Svartöstaden has housed different industries since the establishment; ore loading, iron plants, fertilizing factories, as well as small companies owned by the locals.

The grid 1900 with the block structure show a quadratic structure.

During the 20th century, the population of Svartöstaden has fluctuated, related to the growth or decline of nearby industries. In 2013, 784 people lived in Svartöstaden.

Historical buildings in Svartöstaden.

Existing buildings 1900 The grid today, many streets have been removed to a more rectangular structure.

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Existing buildings 1950 Existing buildings 2000

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Networks SOFT TRANSPORTATION - BICYCLE

PUBLIC TRANSPORT - BUS

PRIVATE DOCKS

Image 1. Map of the bicycle roads in Svartöstaden.

Image 2. Map of the bus route between Svartöstaden and the city.

Image 3. Map showing the docks and the bout route in to the city.

There is one bicycle road on the east side on the mountain leading from the city center to Svartöstaden. There is also one that is not shown in this picture because it is not a real bicycle road it’s just a road for cars that are blocked in the middle. People in Svartöstaden use this road both as a bicycle road and a walking path anyway. This road is placed by the seaside west of the mountain.

There are two buslines between Luleå and Svatröstaden, these are: BUSLINE 7 Mon-Fre: One bus/ 30 minute Sut: One bus/ 45 minute Sun and holyday: One bus/ 90 minute

Svartöstaden has one dock which holds 130 boats, they are provided with electric power. The dock is a little bit to small compared to the market requests, so there is a big need for expansion.

BUSLINE 50 Mon-Fre: 6 times a day during commute hours Sut, Sun and holyday: SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Networks NORRBOTNIABANAN

TRAFFIC

Image 4. Map of the eastern route of norrbottniabanan.

This map shows the eastern route planned for norrbottniabanan. It will pass right by Svartöstaden and might be a threat to the housing closest to it. All railway studies are now concluded and Norrbotniabanan is not a part in the long term plan. It is now uncertain whether it will be built or not.

Right now this rout is not an option because the Icebreakers travels this way and a bridge here would make that impossible. So at this stage the western rout is the most likely to be built.

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Image 6. Map over the main road in to Svartöstaden from the city

Image 5. Map showing both routes planned for Norrbottniabanan

Traffic into Svartöstaden is 4050 vehicles per weekday. The only way to get to Svartöstaden by car is shown in the map above. It takes the same route as both the busses and the bicycle road. Svartöstaden is very dependent of this road.

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Subsoil NATURAL CONDITION Illustration 1 gives a visual idea of the proportions between the neighborhood, green spaces and industrial land. Industrial land occupies the larger part of the semi island of Svartöstaden. Barely 10 % of the area is inhabited.

The neighborhood is located next to the water which makes a natural connection to the water. The water creates a beautiful view over Luleå center and part of the archipelago. The connections are used a lot during the year in many ways.

EXISTING GREENAREAS AND WATERWAYS The forest is untouched and largely made up out of evergreens trees with small patches of leaved trees. The undergrowth is low and mainly consisting of blueberry brush and moss; with small game trails cutting through it.

The closeness to the water is enhanced by small beaches, walkways and harbors. The beaches are popular amongst the locals.

ALTITUDE There is one obvious elevation in the area which is called Svartöberget. In present day owns SSAB the land. Historically SSAB used to store ore in an open field on top of the mountain. To be able to store ore the top surface had to be flat. The rest of Svartöstaden is quite flat without any sudden elevations. The lack of elevations makes the area easy to develop.

Even though there are plenty of restricted areas in Svartöstaden are they visited by the locals and other people.

This is a reason why to make the public and safer to be In so people do not risk their health.

Svartöberget makes a good foundation for development because of the earlier explorations and the view it gives over the water.

In present day the main road to Svartöstaden is by car. Historically the only way to come to Svartöstaden where by boat. Due to bridges there are no obscuring

Illustration 1, analyize of natural conditions

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Illustration 2, analyize of existing green areas and waterways

The existing neighborhood is pretty scattered and can be developed in many ways.

Illustration 3, analyize of altitude

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Subsoil INDUSTRY Svartöstaden exist because of the located industries which is the reason why most of the land is occupied by them, especially SSAB. Historically has Svartöstaden been adapted to the industry. Land that are nowadays not used by SSAB is still restricted land such as Svartömountain.

The area has suffered from pollution both visible and unseen. In present day looks the region clean but over 100 years of pollution is still in the ground. Noise from the industries affects the habitants daily.

The neighborhood is associated with the industries that also creates movement and brings people to Svartöstaden in present day.

Illustration 4, view over SSAB

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Illustration 5, view over Finnskärsgatan

GREEN AREAS IN BUILT ENVIRONMENT The street environment is green and inviting. There are no clear boundaries between lots and streets which creates a large open space. The area is set back in maintenance which can be seen in the playgrounds (illustration 3), the amount of weed by the sidewalks and the conditions of the houses.

Illustration 6, playground

There are no obvious parks or green areas in the neighborhood for the locals. Those that exist are created by the people and are not planned. Example of this is the “Labyrinth” located next to the water.

Illustration 4 visualizes how the green is integrated in the built environment. Along the streets grows broadleaved trees and in the edges of the neighborhood takes the evergreen trees over. The broadleaved trees makes spacious and bright street rooms. The evergreen trees frames the town and makes the edges clearer at the same time as they keep the area green all year round.

Illustration 7, analyize of the green in built environment

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Regional and municipal trends INTRODUCTION Regional and municipal trends and policy are important aspects to consider when renegerating urban areas. This analysis aims to investigate the developments that affect or could affect Svartöstaden. A trend can be defined as a long-term change that takes place in the present and has a certain direction (Riksantikvarieämbetet, 2010).

1. DEMOGRAPHY The national, regional and local demographic properties, as well as population growth forecasts can be found in the table below.

2. INDUSTRY AND EMPLOYMENT Major employers in Norrbotten are the county, municipalities and the mining industry. The 25 main employers in Norrbotten stand for a total of 44% of all the jobs (Regionfakta, 2013).

Sweden’s unemployment rate fluctuates, whilst the longterm unemployment (unemployed for longer than six months) steadily rises (Ekonomifakta, 2014). Unemployment rates are relatively high among youngsters, since this age-group is more sensitive to economic fluctuations (Ekonomifakta, 2014).

Trends and policy in six different categories will be discussed: 1. Demography 2. Industry and employment 3. Culture, sport and leisure 4. Policy and planning 5. Travelling behaviour 6. Climate

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The demographic properties of Svartöstaden do not seem to differ all that much from the national and regional demographics. There are slightly more men than women in Svartöstaden (Luleå kommun, 2014) and its population is slightly younger (Luleå kommun stadsbyggnadskontoret, 2013). The percentage of natives is larger in Svartöstaden than in Sweden, Norrbotten and Luleå (Statiska centralbyrån, 2014). The averge income of Svaröstaden’s population is relatvely high. However, statistics regarding the median income, which provide a better understanding of the wealth of the population as a whole, are absent.

The projected population growth in Svartöstaden for 2019 seems particularly high (20.3%). Except for the large cities, a decrease in population has occured in Norrbotten the last 25 years.

However, both Norrbotten and Luleå have experienced a decrease in its unemployment rates in the last four years (Ekonomifakta, 2014).

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Regional and municipal trends 3. CULTURE, SPORT AND LEISURE The county of Norrbotten has emphasized the increasing importance of culture in the economical development of societies. It also notes the increasing responsibility for cultural policy implementation on regional and local levels (Riksantikvarieämbetet, 2010). Consequently, the county has set a number of goals with regard to cultural policy.

Better accessibility to and participation in cultural events is considered a priority.

Both on a regional and local level, culture is perceived to have an attracting force on tourism.

Luleå municipality aims to put Luleå on the world map with various cultural projects and events (Luleå Kommun, 2013).

With regard to sports, Luleå offers a large diversity of activities that span all age groups, with over 300 active associations in fields like fishing, skiing, football, et cetera.

Besides that, a great number of playgrounds are scattered over Luleå. Luleå’s archipelago in combination with cold winters provide good opportunities for winter sports, such as ice-skating.

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4. POLICY AND PLANNING In terms of policy and planning, transport plays an important role. On a national scale, there is a transport plan for 20142025. Investments in new cycling paths, shipping routes, maintenance of highways and the renewing of railways are part of this plan (Government Offices of Sweden, 2014).

The North Bothnia Line is a proposed railway line between Umeå and Luleå. It extends the coastal railway along the coast of northern Sweden and it will be part of the Barents Link, connecting Europe by joining the Swedish and Finnish rail systems (Norrbotniabanegruppen, n.d.).

It should be fully developed by 2030 (Transport och Logistik, 2013).

On a local level, the vision Luleå 2050 is important to consider.

According to the vision, Luleå should be developed into an attractive place to live, work and visit, in a sustainable manner. Six programs have been produced in order to govern the municipal work towards the vision for 2050 (Luleå Kommun, 2013).

5. TRAVELLING BEHAVIOUR A number of trends in terms of travelling behaviour have been identified in Luleå. Firstly, the number of trips people make has been increasing since the year 2000: whereas the average number of trips per person per day was 2.0, this has increased to 2.8 in 2010 (Luleå Kommun, 2010).

Secondly, the travelling distances seem to have been decreasing since 2005. However, the average distance for trips made by bicycle is increasing. The municipality’s current work on the expansion of the cycle network can enhance this positive trend (Luleå Kommun, 2014).

Thirdly, the number of trips by car has been decreasing since 2005, whilst the number of trips by bus have been slowly increasing since then. The municipality plans to develop new bus routes and increase the frequency of existing bus services (Luleå Kommun Stadsbyggnadskontoret, 2014).

This could enhance this positive trend.

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Regional and municipal trends 6. CLIMATE CHANGE

REFERENCES

Norrbotten has relatively high emissions of greenhouse gases per capita. However, the energy sector is changing from oil to biomass district heating (Regionfakta, 2012).

Ekonomifakta. (2014, 1 23). Arbetslöshet i olika åldersgrupper. Retrieved 9 18, 2014, from Ekonomifakta: http://www.ekonomifakta.se/sv/Fakta/Arbetsmarknad/Arbetsloshet/Arbetsloshet-i-olika-aldersgrupper/

Norrbotten will not reach fourteen out of the sixteen environmental objectives that were set by the national parliament until 2020 (Government Offices of Sweden, 2013).

Ekonomifakta. (2014, 7 29). Långtidsarbetslöshet . Retrieved 9 15, 2014, from Ekonomifakta: http://www.ekonomifakta.se/sv/Fakta/Arbetsmarknad/Arbetsloshet/Langtidsarbetsloshet/ Ekonomifakta. (2014, 10 9). Öppen arbetslöshet (AMS), Luleå. Retrieved 10 10, 2014, from Ekonomifakta: http://www.ekonomifakta.se/sv/Fakta/Regional-statistik/Alla-lan/Norrbottens-lan/Lulea/?var=17255 Government Offices of Sweden. (2013, 8 14). Sweden’s Environmental Quality Objectives. Retrieved 9 12, 2014, from Regeringskansliet (Government Offices of Sweden): http://www.government.se/sb/d/5775 Government Offices of Sweden. (2014, 4 15). SEK 522 billion to infrastructure for jobs and growth throughout the country. Retrieved 9 12, 2014, from Regeringskansliet (Government Offices of Sweden): http://www.government. se/sb/d/11941/a/238793

The consequences of the projected climate change can have large consequences for Norrbotten. The average temperature will increase with approximately 3 - 3.5 degrees Celcius by 2050. Norrbotten will experience the largest change in temperature in Sweden. This might have negative consequences for the biodiversity. Secondly, precipitation will increase with ten to fifty percent until 2050, whilst snowfall is projected to reduce by 25 cm per winter.

This might have negative consequences for winter tourism (Länsstyrelsen Norrbotten, 2012)

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Länsstyrelsen Norrbotten. (2012). SMHI:s klimatanalys för Norrbottens län.

Luleå: Länsstyrelsen Norbotten.

Luleå Kommun. (2010). Kort om resvanor i Luleå 2010. Luleå: Luleå Kommun.

Luleå Kommun. (2013, 9 16). Kulturförvaltningen. Opgeroepen op 9 12, 2014, van Luleå Kommun : http://www.lulea.se/kommun--politik/kommunens-organisation/forvaltningar/kulturforvaltningen.html Luleå Kommun. (2013, 11 8). Vision Luleå 2050. Retrieved 9 12, 2014, from Luleå Kommun: http://www.lulea.se/kommun--politik/vision-lulea-2050/ program.html Luleå Kommun. (2014). Befolkningen i Luleå: Utveckling och förändring.

Luleå Kommun. (2014, 4 16). Gång och cykelväger. Retrieved 9 7, 2014, from Luleå Kommun: http://www.lulea.se/samhalle--gator/gang-och-cykel.html Luleå Kommun Stadsbyggnadskontoret. (2013). Områdesbeskrivning. Luleå: Luleå Kommun.

Luleå Kommun Stadsbyggnadskontoret. (2014). Samverkan för ett ökat kollektivtrafikresande: Förslag till åtgärderoch aktiviteter för buss- och skärgårdstrafiken. Luleå: Luleå Kommun.

Norrbotniabanegruppen. (n.d.). North Bothnia Line - a part of The Bothnian Corridor. Retrieved 9 10, 2014, from Norrbotniabanan: http://www.norrbotniabanan.se/en/ Regionfakta. (2012, 8 28). Region Norrland - Fakta och perspektiv. Opgeroepen op 9 14, 2014, van Regionfakta: http://www.regionfakta.com/ Norrland/Miljo/Klimatpaverkande-utslapp-per-invanare/ Regionfakta. (2013, 12 5). Norbottens Län - Fakta och perspektiv. Retrieved 9 12, 2014, from Regionfakta: http://www.regionfakta.com/Norrbottens-lan/Arbete/Storsta-arbetsgivare/ Riksantikvarieämbetet. (2010). Trender i tiden 2010-2015; Riksantikvarieämbetets omvärldsanalys. Stockholm: Riksantikvarieämbetet.

Statiska centralbyrån. (2014, 3 13). Sveriges befolkning, kommunala jämförelsetal, 31 december 2013. Retrieved 9 6, 2014, from Statiska centralbyrån: http://www.scb.se/sv_/Hitta-statistik/Statistik-efter-amne/Befolkning/ Befolkningens-sammansattning/Befolkningsstatistik/25788/25795/Helarsstatistik---Kommun-lan-och-riket/370302/ Transport och Logistik. (2013, 1 11). EU-kommissionen välkomnar öppnandet av Haparadabanan. Retrieved 9 10, 2014, from Transport och Logistik: http://www.transportochlogistik.se/2013/01/eu-kommissionen-v-lkomnar-ppnandet-av-haparandabanan

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Local trends & policy HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Svartöstaden is a residential district to the southeast of Luleå. The area was built during the setting of SSAB operations located nearby. The area is today listed as a heritage site by the national authorities. In recent years Svartöstaden inhabitants, many of whom attracted by cheap home properties and not directly related to the steal factory, have come together to advocate for better urban amenities.

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE The old preserved family buildings close to decay contributes to the old feeling in the area. The weather have formed the buildings through the years to a historic heritage. Those buildings remind the viewer that those who lived here had a slightly different life from what we know of today.

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE The blue marked plots show demolished buildings that are not rebuilt.

The orange marked plots show demolished buildings that are replaced with new buildings.

The un marked plots show new buildings on developed mark.

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Local trends & policy FIELDWORK OBSERVATION When we arrived to Svartöstaden from the footpath along the beach, we were met by an empty space containing a large undeveloped area. The plot has a few trees and it was sloping down to the water. We parked the bikes in a ditch when it was the only solution if you wanted to continue on foot. Then we started walking along the Bolagsgatan which was surrounded by houses of varying architecture. At the intersection of Bolagsgatan and Frejagatan we met for the first time by some newer buildings containing apartments built in the last decade. At the next junction, Bolagsgatan / Sjöfartsgatan, we get yelled at by dogs from one of the plots. We will also be by-passed by cyclists coming from Svartöbrinken along Sjöfartsgatan. We gaze at the cyclists cycling along Sjöfartsgatan and hits by the length and symmetry of the street. Any one of us exclaimed ”Long, straight and boring”. The next junction where we pass is Laxgatan, which seemingly similar Sjöfatsgatan in length and structure. Further along Bolagsgatan at the crossing towards Sandgatan we experience a sense of that this must be the main street, which is enhanced by the beautiful view of Blackis. Here are also the buildings slightly higher than the ones we just passed. On the right is a ramshackle but beautiful old house and diagonally opposite a rather large and empty plot with a lot of vegetation.

Here, we turn off and continue along Sandgatan, which is surrounded by an urban environment with a slightly higher standard than we’ve seen before. We all agree to that this is a place where we would like to live.

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Wooden paneling of the facades are freshly painted and the gardens are neat. After a couple of cross streets down we arrives at Svartöstadens school, a well-kept and nice building. We stand at the intersection of Sandgatan and Bältesgatan, to the left is SSAB industry and to the right, we can aim sea. We then continue along the road that leads us to the end of the street, this is completely different from the buildings we passed earlier. Apartment block of two to three storeys with a facade of steel. We turn and continue along Kajgatan down towards the water and further back towards the bikes along Sjöfatsgatan. We pass a playground where we stays for a minute and takes a coffee. The playground is poorly maintained, and we fully understand that there are not any kids here in spite of the fine weather. We pack the bag, unlocks the bikes and starts our journey back home via Sjöfartsgatan. Back home, we comment that the only people we met on the visit to Svartöstaden were the people on the bikes, a lady walking her dog and the old lady who got off the bus at Kajgatan.

Eva has lived in Svartöstaden for 4.5 years and have enjoyed working here. She moved here from the city, when she sold her house there. When asked what she thinks could be better here, she points out a number of things, including more rental units, better bus service, better walking and cycling connections to town and allotments on empty plots. We even asked Eve what she thinks is important to preserve in Svartöstaden. She believes that the old tenements should get our rental properties again, the cohesion of society and nature is central, and the village feel that makes Svartöstaden so cozy and calm.

Otherwise tells Eve that it is very families who live here, but they would need new playgrounds. She also says that the pollution that many speak ill of notice she rarely, then it usually blows from the sea towards the industry.

INTERVIEWS During the first year as a student at LTU was one of us in the group boarded with an Eve in Svartöstaden. We took the opportunity to contact Eva to arrange a hit on the Urban Development in Svartöstaden. Next weekend, we went to visit Eve at home in Svartöstaden.

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Local trends & policy Education 2013

Pre-secondary (10%)

Secondary (47%)

College (43%)

Proportion of housing 2013

Rental units (46%)

Condominius (11%)

Houses (41%)

Holiday cottages (2%)

Daytime workers 2013

Men

Nighttime workers 2013

Women

Women

Men

A.

BLACKIS

B.

SPORTCENTER njd

C.

RESTAURANT carlssons

D.

PLAYGROUND

E.

MIDDLE SCHOOL

F.

MEETINGPOINT

G.

OFELIAS HUS interior shop

H.

PRESCHOOL MAIN ROUTES

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Stakeholders INTRODUCTION This analysis focuses on Svartöstaden and its direct surroundings. Regional analysis of the city’s hinterland will only be made when there are strong indications that it might strengthen the understanding of the city itself. The stakeholders have been divided into three different groups; • Governmental Agencies • Business Organisations • Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) The first step was identifying all the stakeholders in Svartöstaden. This analysis focuses on the those that were considered to be most important, stakeholders which are considered to have a strong impact on the future transformation of Svartöstaden.

Question to be answered in the analysis: • Who are the actors (stakeholders) that drive urban transformation in the region?

• What are their vested interests (stakes)?

• How can they influence urban transformation in Svartöstaden?

Map showing the property owners of Svartöstaden and its direct surroundings, NOTE: white properties are privately owned.

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Stakeholders STAKEHOLDERS FOR SVARTÖSTADEN GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES • Luleå Kommun • Länsstyrelsen i Norrbotten • Trafikverket • Riksantikvarieämbetet • Sjöfartsverket • Naturvårdsverket • Boverket BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS • SSAB • LKAB • Akelius Fastigheter AB • Plannja AB • Swerea Mefos AB • Duroc Special Steel AB • Ragn-Sells AB • Lulekraft AB (SSAB and Luleå Energi) • Ofelias hus NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS • Homeowners • Svartöstadens hembygdsförening • Svartöstans Intresseförening • Luleå Bugg och Swing Dansklubb • Luleå FC • Svartöstadens Båt och Hamnförening

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LULEÅ MUNICIPALITY WHAT ARE THEIR VESTED INTERESTS (STAKES)?

• To preserve the unique cultural environment in Svartöstaden while at the same time densifing the area with buildings similar in design to the existing ones.

• The priority will be residents and workplaces.

• Special consideration in regards to green structures and the preservation of places of environmental interest.

HOW CAN THEY INFLUENCE URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN SVARTÖSTADEN? • The municipality is the authority when it comes to deciding on the overall plans as well as the more detailed plans for the area and has the final say in which direction the area will develop.

LÄNSSTYRELSEN I NORRBOTTEN (THE COUNTY ADMINISTRATIVE BOARD OF NORRBOTTEN) WHAT ARE THEIR VESTED INTERESTS (STAKES)?

• To preserve the cultural heritage of Svartöstaden and to minimize the environmental effects of new development.

• To enable the building of the North bothnia line.

HOW CAN THEY INFLUENCE URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN SVARTÖSTADEN? • Länsstyrelsen is an extension of the Swedish government and works with a holistic perspective with the different goals that the government have set up for the country.

TRAFIKVERKET (THE SWEDISH TRANSPORT ADMINISTRATION) WHAT ARE THEIR VESTED INTERESTS (STAKES)?

• The Swedish Transport Administration is the Government agency responsible for the long-term planning of the transport system. Trafikverket is also in charge of the state road network and national railway network.

• More relevant for Svartöstaden are the construction of the North bothnia line and the upgrading of “Malmbanan” to the LKAB harbour on Svartön.

HOW CAN THEY INFLUENCE URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN SVARTÖSTADEN? • Trafikverket is a part of the Swedish state and are responsible for building and upkeep of the Swedish roads and railways.

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Stakeholders BOVERKET (THE SWEDISH NATIONAL BOARD OF HOUSING, BUILDING AND PLANNING) WHAT ARE THEIR VESTED INTERESTS (STAKES)?

• The area of Svartöstaden and the adjacent road Svartövägen are both national interests. Boverket is the governmental agency which has the overall responsibility over the Swedish national interests.

• LKAB is partly owned by the Swedish State and because of the economic forces behind the company influences the whole northern region of Sweden.

HOW CAN THEY INFLUENCE URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN SVARTÖSTADEN? • The area of Svartöstaden is one of the only remaining shanty towns in Sweden and is thereby a area worth preserving.

HOMEOWNERS WHAT ARE THEIR VESTED INTERESTS (STAKES)?

• Homeowners are one of the biggest stakeholders. They want to preserve their homes and improve the common areas in the neighborhood.

• Homeowners are very economically vulnerable and can be affected by changes in the neighbourhood.

SSAB WHAT ARE THEIR VESTED INTERESTS (STAKES)?

• The largest landowner in the area and owns real estate in Svartöstaden. The steel plant is located directly to the north-east of Svartöstaden. SSAB is also an important provider of work for the people of Luleå.

HOW CAN THEY INFLUENCE URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN SVARTÖSTADEN? • Homeowners can appeal against the municipality’s proposals. Single homeowners have a possibility to extend processes by appealing zoning plans for a long time.

• Homeowners can also give the planners an understanding of what the inhabitants in the area want with the development.

HOW CAN THEY INFLUENCE URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN SVARTÖSTADEN? • SSAB is the most influential stakeholder of the businesses in the area and has a lot of say in questions related to the areas adjacent to their operations.

LKAB WHAT ARE THEIR VESTED INTERESTS (STAKES)?

• LKAB Malmhamn (ore harbour) in Svartön is used for ore customers in the Baltic market and handles mainly pellets from Malmberget. To increase the capacity of the harbour, the railway leading to the harbour from Malmfälten will be expanded to include two tracks.

HOW CAN THEY INFLUENCE URBAN TRANSFORMATION IN SVARTÖSTADEN? SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Strength

Weakness

Opportunity

Threat

Land owned by the municipality NGOs (with strong commmitment) Proximity to water Blackis School and daycare Interesting history Diversity (income, gender, age) Familiar (family friendly) Close to water and nature Low traffic in the neigborhood Green areas integrated between buildings Income and jobs from industries Topographic differences Heritage national interest Close to district heating Flexible grid structure (porous, human scale) Sport centre (SSAB)

Proximity to industries (noise, pollution, barrier accidents) Desinterest from the municipality Lack of functions Lack of connection Restricted and undeveloped areas Lack of informal meetingplaces Low standards of housing Ice breakers prevent extension of icetrack (isbanan) The city plan does not correlate to reality

Access to the archipelago (turbåtsstation) Expansion of the bicycle routes (bicycle town) Population growth Heritage national interest -­‐ Shanty town Svartöberget Unestablished restricted areas Closure of SSAB will decrease pollution New technology will decrease pollution and increase saftey Enhance the shoreline Increase of public transport Shanty town turism Preservation of the city grid (in relation to trafficcalming) Backyard houses for cheap houses

the North bothnia line Expansion of the ore track Conflicts between stakeholders Declining numbers of rental apartments (segregation) Industrial accidents Strong lobbying from SSAB to undevelop the area Dissolution of the local associations Segregation Houses planned for demolishing (Rivningslistan)

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Group 1 HISTORY Capture the essence of the history.

COMMUNITY Introduce a functional society with a strong sense of participation.

LOCATION Develop the inherent opportunities of the site

SVARTĂ–STADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Group 2

Image 2. Connections in Svartöstaden and between Luleå city

CONNECT SVARTÖSTADEN

REGENERATE NETWORKS

With improved connections between Svaröstaden and the city center we can increase the residents mobility. This is to create an attractive area outside the city center which will lead to an increased population.

Svartöstaden should be an independent neighborhood in a sustainable perspective and rely on renewable energy and good transportations. New connections between the residents will create a friendly and tranquil atmosphere within the area.

First we want to increase accessability to communication and transportation for the inhabitants of Svartöstaden.

Image 1. View over the walkpath by the water.

Image 3. Inspirational picture.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

Image 4. Vision map.

Second we want to aim for a sustainable society with renewable energy and a focused environmental thinking.

Finally we want to increase quality of internal streets, by making woonerf streets.

Image 5. Three inspirational pictures and two from Svartösta-

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Group 3 GREEN AREAS • Make restricted areas available for the public • Sanitize polluted soil

GREEN AREAS There are plenty of areas that are polluted and restricted.

By making these areas available for the public it will make the area more attractive in terms of movement, closer to the city center and enhance the connection to the water.

TRAFFIC • Develop green and blue corridors between the area and the city center • Consider smart eco-solutions for car traffic and walking- and cycling paths • Build rumbling barriers

TRAFFIC Enhance the existing Blue- and Green corridor would make Svartöstaden feel closer to Luleå centre. Eco-friendly solution should be used as much as possible throughout the area. One solution are the green rumbling barriers between the industries and the neighborhood which will make it more comfortable to be in.

URBAN DEVELOPMENT • Densify urban environment • Make use of topography and location • Improve existing green areas, such as playgrounds and parks

URBAN DEVELOPMENT To reach the goals in Luleå VISION 2050, such as increasing the population new buildings are necessary.

Develop new green meeting places would result in more movement.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Group 4 This vision for Svartöstaden is based upon an analysis of trends and policy in Norrbotten and Luleå. Important aspects to consider are the shrinking population in Norrbotten, the relatively high emission of greenhouse gases in Norrbotten and the opportunities regarding the improvement of institutional and physical infrastructure.

STRENGTHEN THE REGION Luleå is a part of the ‘Fyrkanten area’, which is experiencing population growth and an increase in economic activity. The idea is to take advantage of the demographic and economic growth in this area to strengthen the whole region. This requires an improved connectivity between different areas.

Firstly, the connectivity should be improved on the institutional level, through better communication with for example the municipality and the university. In Svartöstaden, the community house Blackis will play a central role in this.

Secondly, the physical infrastructure will be improved in a sustainable manner through de development of the North Bothnia Line, the improvement of bicycle paths to surrounding areas and the improvement of connections by boat.

SWOT

STRATEGY Enable and invite to connect

• Creative inhabitants.

• Projected population growth in ”Fyrkanten”; Luleå, Boden, Älvsbyn och Piteå.

• Weak communication between the muncipality and the community in Svartöstaden.

• Low quality on the psysical infrastructure connected to the area.

• Culture brings people together.

• Region of Norrbotten is shrinking in population.

• New technology which enables communication.

• Isolation and segregation of Svartöstaden.

Institutional communication

BLACKIS

Activate people

Physical infrastructure

HARBOUR

Self sustaining structure

CULTURE AS A STEPPING STONE The creative population and the unique history of Svartöstaden is a strength that will be used to attract people to the area and activate people within the area. Participating workshops organised in Svartöstaden will be a way of developing the community in a self-sustaining structure.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Group 5 AN APPROVAL OF AN ALLREADY VIVID COMMUNITY By fortify the strengths, and to take advantage of the opportunitys of Svartöstaden we will improve the lifestyles of the inhabitants. Emphasis has also been placed to prevent the threats and to remove the wekness.

Svartöstaden is an national heritage whit a lot of cultural values, so the change will be directed by those requirements. It is a fact that the strong connection to the whater strenthens those cultural values and therefor will be preserved.

A. BLACKIS

The grid pattern of rectangular plots whit streets around is characteristic of Svartöstaden. The pattern will be preserved and the new buildings will adapt to it. The sense of being on a old town contributes to the spirit of Svartöstaden.

The scale, style and material will inspire the new parts of the community.

E. MIDDLE SCHOOL

The goal is to achieve a sustainable urban regeneration with a humble approach to intervention. We also want to provide space to inquiry and population growth. ”THE BROWNFIELD ARIAS OF SVARTÖSTADEN COMBINED WITH THE NEW GREENFIELD AREAS ON SVARTÖBERGET CREATES A NATURAL CONNECTION WITH LULEÅ TOWN. A NEW AND PLEASANT WAC-WAY ENCOURAGE THE CITICEN TO TRAVEL IN A MORE SUSTAINABLE WAY. A NEW AND MODERN SCHOOL INCLUDING SPORT FACILITIES ATTRACTS FAMILIES TO MOVE IN HERE.” SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

B. SPORTCENTER njd C. RESTAURANT carlssons D. PLAYGROUND F. MEETINGPOINT G. OFELIAS HUS interior shop H. PRESCHOOL MAIN ROUTES I.

BUISSNESS PROPERTY

J. PUBLIC AREAS K. EXTENDED MAINROAD L. FERRY SVARTIS during summertime M. STROLL BY THE WATHER N. GREEN BARRIER cover from the industry

O. IMPROVED BICYCLE PATH 27

Group 6 VISION FOR SVARTÖSTADEN - THE CULTURAL SHANTY TOWN Our vision for Svartöstaden is to create an attractive shanty town close to water and nature. Svartöstaden should be a family neighborhood with great community and a rich cultural life. This will be achieved by the implementation of the following ideas.

“Svartöstadenwill be an attractive shanty town close to water and nature, -a family neighborhood with great community and rich cultural life.”

COMMUNITY The work of NGOs should be encouraged by creating space for their work and meetings, Blackis is very important in that matter. Create more high-quality public spaces.

MIXED HOUSING Further development of nearby areas in the form of mixed development and functions to create an integrated and livable place.

SHANTY TOWN TOURISM Svartöstaden has an unique opportunity, being the only remaining Shanty town in Sweden and creating an interest for the area is important for the preservation. This can be done by bringing people there, showing and educating them about the history about the area and houses.

Map displaying the overall strategy for Svartöstaden and nearby areas.

CLOSENESS TO WATER AND NATURE Enhance the assets of water and green areas in the area.

Higher quality routes along the waterfront and make the green areas accessible.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

CULTURE LIFE The culture that flourish in Svartöstaden will be expressed through various art installations at unused locations and thereby highlighting local artists and performers.

Map displaying specific places of importance tied to the vision in Svartöstaden.

SOFT TRANSPORTATION To better connect with the rest of Luleå it require that pedestrian- and bicycle routes are expanded and improved.

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Goals COLLECTIVE VISION FOR SVARTÖSTADEN 2050

Empower today’s and future diverse community

Svartöstaden shall be an engaged, inclusive, and culture-oriented community that thrives in a liveable, accessible, and region-wide connected built environment.

Allow a sustainable (i.e. affordable, energy efficient, flexible) urban development growth

Enhance the exis,ng heritage (both material and immaterial) for be7er urban standards and to a7ract and retain inhabitants

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

Exploit proximity to sea to improve city and regional connec,vity

Improve access to Svartöstaden through sustainable modes of transporta,on

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Svartöstaden THE BLACKIS ”AXIS”

THE NORTH WATERFRONT

THE ”GRID”

THE BUFFER AND TRANSPORT CORRDIDOR

THE HILL

THE SOUTH WATERFRONT

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Rebirth

K KEN

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

Concept

The concept of Kåken is based on the functionality and flexibility of a residential building. Laxgatan and Sandgatan symbolizes the hallway of Svartöstaden, connecting all the functions available in Kåken.

The background to Kåken is the common vision created during the course, which identifies several issues, which Kåken tackles by introducing new functions in the area. These will establish new nodes to meet at, affecting patterns of travel and opening up for new opportunities and enterprises for and by the residents in Svartöstaden.

Kåken consists of Foajén (lobby), Hallen (hallway), Vardagsrummet (living room), Sovrummet, Trädgården (garden), Köket (kitchen), Skafferiet (pantry), Badrummet (bathroom) and Barnrummet (children’s quarters).

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Rebirth

N

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Rebirth

The rooms location

SVARTร STADEN, RE:GENERATION

Activity nodes Three points of activity spread through out Svartรถstaden knits the city together, generating movement and meetings between these nodes, for a more lively community.

Connections and movement Sandgatan and Laxgatan combined is the main axis of Svartรถstaden, connected by traffic routes and several re-opened informal roads based of the historical grid. The recycled grid encourages new movement patterns, making the distinction between Sandgatan and Laxgatan more fluid.

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Rebirth A

C

B D E

H

F G

A: Vardagsrum -A place where a lot of different people can meet and organize themselves (teenagers, retirees, mothers, musicians, artists, organizations, self-employees etc.)

-Generating movement toward Blackis and the city centre; knitting the town structure together B: Sovrum New residential buildings for a diverse built environment.

C: Trädgård -Community garden gathers people and strengthens the community: self-organization, growing vegetables to sell at own market, learning environment for school children etc.

-Greenhouse and restaurant available during all seasons -Creating activity and movement along Sandgatan, connecting health center (Friskvårds) with Blackis and city centre; expanding the city centre

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

I

D: Skafferiet -Introducing a necessary function for the expansion and development of Svartöstaden. Contributing to a lively and prosperous city centre, creating a meeting point E: Vardagsrum -Place for organization/markets/exhibitis/performances -Reinforcing the city centre of Laxgatan, a natural entrance into Svartöstaden from the bus stop as well as connecting Laxgatan-Sandgatan to the waterfront F: Trädgård -Organized vegetation increases park and city ambiance, sheltered park environment for activities during all seasons -Contributes to new movement patterns for pedestrians in combination with the re-opened route to Sandgatan

H: Barnrummet -Strategic placement in-between the pre-school and the middle school -Expanding the city centre further along Laxgatan while connecting Laxgatan and Sandgatan through an re-opened road for pedestrians I: Vardagsrum -A community place for meetings and activity available all year -Adding an activity point in the end of Sandgatan, causing movement through out the street; creating an aim of the Blackis-axis

G: Köket Excisting resturant Carlsson is a core part of the city centre at Laxgatan.

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Issues Svartöstaden currently has several issues that threaten to cripple the development of the community in the future. Most of all, there is a lack of functions; the community is currently not even housing a grocery or convenience store, forcing the inhabitants of Svartöstaden to do even their most basic shopping elsewhere. The lack of functions is also a hindrance for expansion of the neighbourhood.

Gentrification is currently happening in Svartöstaden; basically the value of the lots are increasing which in the long run will force the current inhabitants to move since they cannot afford the new prices.

Svartöstaden is barred from the rest of Luleå by the industrial sites surrounding it (mainly SSAB). This currently hinders further development and expansion of Svartöstaden, and is a safety threat as well as an environmental disadvantage. In addition to this barrier, the connection to Luleå via public traffic is also unsatisfactory.

Several buildings in Svartöstaden are currently threatened by demolition, since they violate different conditions set by the municipality. The threats may be caused by a lack of knowledge regarding the historical value of the site, which may depend on the disinterest of the municipality (despite national interest).

Objectives -Empower today’s and future diverse community (promote a mix of residents, improve living standards, open up for local entrepreneurs, enhance the public image) -Allow a sustainable (i.e. affordable, energy efficient, flexible) urban development growth (establish necessary functions, new housing alternatives, renovate and maintain buildings) -Enhance the existing heritage (both material and immaterial) for better urban standards and to retain and attract inhabitants (densify the settlement to historical proportions, replicate the historical built structure) Strategies -Establish functions needed for the development of the area; housing, activity center, grocery store, park and green areas, meeting points etc.

-Introduce new residential buildings, to offer different kinds of housing alternatives. Built in line and with historical proportions to reinforce the cultural value of the built environment.

-Restore old informal roads according to the historical grid structure; changing the flow of people through Svartöstaden and enhancing the porosity of the city structure.

-Decrease the level of traffic through out the area by barring Laxgatan and Bältesgatan from all transportation except soft traffic and bus, making room for pedestrians to wander through the grid at their own pace -Produce new activity zones where informal meetings can take place, and where the community can organize and create together; parks, playgrounds, town square, activity center, green house etc.

The greenhouse at Sandgatan-Bolagsgatan.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

The town square increases the city feel of Laxgatan.

The new venue at the Sandgatan.

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The vibrant and artistic pulse into Svartöstaden BACKGROUND The purpose of this project is to regenerate Svartöstaden, which for the moment is quite separated from the rest of Luleå since there are mostly industries surrounding the old shantytown from the end of the 19th century.

The group visited Svartöstaden to evaluate the area and to talk with the inhabitants about what they feel is missing, how they relate to the industry and what strengths Svartöstaden has. Different analyses and visions where made on different urban layers by different groups and then a common SWOT-analysis, visions and goals where developed for the entire shanty town. The analysis area where divided into smaller areas, and each group has regenerated different parts.

HISTORY More exactly, Svartöstaden was founded in 1894 because of the industry. It created a lot of work opportunities and many people moved there and built their own houses, it was a working-class neighborhood. The area had its own fire department, police and so on and was a municipality until 1934 when it became a part of Luleå city. Svartöstaden has developed into an area where a lot of creative and artistic people live. The reason for this is the cheap housing in the area, but it’s both unfortunate and good that the area now is getting more and more attractive. A more attractive area will make it much more expensive to live there, and the different artists that makes Svartöstaden multicultural can’t afford to live there. But at the same time it’s good that people want to live there so the area won’t extinct.

DEVELOPED AREAS The given region has been divided into six new, smaller areas and each part has been developed into a more attractive area.

Image 1. Map of he regenerated area.

Image 2. Old picture of Svartöstaden.

Image 3. Map of developed areas.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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New entrance and center A CLEAR ENTRANCE When you arrive to Svartöstaden today, it’s very difficult to know when you’ve actually arrived to the shanty town and you don’t know where to turn. This is a big issue so because of it, a new and clear entrance will lie where Svartövägen meet the beginning of Skepparegatan. The entrance will be an artwork by steel beams that are placed standing in a pattern that, when it’s lighted in a dark winter evening with green and blue lights, will represent the northern lights.

Also there will be 3D-letters that spells to Svartöstaden, like a sign. The steel beams with the special lighting where chosen to connect to the SSAB’s steel factory and connect to Luleå and the north.

In an area behind the clear entrance, there will be a small grocery store since Svartöstaden is most likely to expand. The grocery store will have the same character and spirit as the rest of Svartöstaden, e.g. with wooden facades. By placing it at the beginning of Svartöstaden, it’s easy to access and more people is more likely to drop by on their way home from the city, including those who lives in Svartöbrinken. The entrance and the grocery store will together with Blackis, the football field nearby and new programmed green areas/walk path, create a small center.

The walk path through this area will mainly tie together the school and sports area with the football court.

Image 6. New grocery store.

Image 4. Entrance in summer and daylight.

Image 5. Entrance in winter.

Image 7. Map of developed areas.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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School + sports area and park SCHOOL AND SPORTS HALL After the visit to Svartöstaden, the group noticed that the schoolyard and the area around the sports hall today isn’t the funniest place since it’s not as programmed as it could be. To create and develop a more attractive area there will first be a nice and proper walk path, along the area and the road Svartövägen, that goes to the football field as mentioned before. This will make it easy for children to get to the football field safely. The area will have more vegetation, benches and room for recreation.

PARK Today the park area is quite unused, so this green area should also be more attractive and developed. There will be walk paths in wood to make it easier to get around for disabled persons. In Luleå it can be very wet from rain in the fall and the melting snow in the spring, so a wooden walk path will also prevent this and make it easy to walk in the park all year around. There will be benches along the way and areas for recreation and physical activities, for example ice skating, grilling, playing boule and so on. Much like the newly developed green area in Björksgatan. The green space will be linked with the school and the sports hall so the children will have even more attractive area to play on. Also, the walk path that goes from the small center, through the school and sports area will continue past the park and all the way to the new housing area.

Pond Activity area Park Stage Path Walk and bicycle path Trees Map from

100 m Image 8. Park area.

Image 9. Inspiration picture.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

Image 10. Inspiration picture.

Image 11. Map of developed areas.

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New housing TOWARDS THE FUTURE The new residential area in Svartöstaden is a place where modern architecture meets the history of Luleå City. With modern industrial influences and open glass sections the residents will get the best possible access to history, culture, nature and water views. The housing will be a few floors higher than the rest of the houses in Svartöstaden, but still lower than the industry so the main focus in the sightlines is the industry. This area will be a continuation of the symbolic path and become a direction were Svartöstaden is going into the future.

Image 12. Map of the new housing.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

Image 13. Inspiration picture.

Image 14. New housing.

Image 15. Map of developed areas.

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Culture string THE TIMELINE Finally, the area that will connect and tie together all these other areas is the culture area that starts by the new entrance on the other side of Svartövägen and continues all the way to the new housing. To capture the spirit and history of Svartöstaden and keep it multicultural, there will be a long string of different types of art along this way. The string will tell the history of Svartöstaden in a timeline, starting with the past near the entrance to Svartöstaden and finish with the future which the new housing represents. It will contain planks with paintings and glass parts, sculptures and vegetation all in a great medley. It will also be part of Luleå municipality’s D.I.O.R. program. The culture string will help Svartöstaden to keep its creative atmosphere and its spirit as a shanty town. The walk path on the opposite side of Svartövägen and the culture string will also create a safe and enjoyable movement in the area.

People may think that the SSAB industry is disturbing for Svartöstaden, but it’s actually the other way around, the people who live there think it looks nice and since it’s also the reason Svartöstaden exists, it plays a huge part of the history and should not be hidden. The industry will instead serve as inspiration for the art along the way. The three red arrows represents the important connections that will improve the relationship between Svartöstaden and SSAB.

Image 16. Suggestion for the culture string.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

CONCLUSION The final vision and concept for Svartöstaden are linked to the goals that were developed earlier in the project, thereby creating a more attractive environment for residents and visitors in Svartöstaden. This will result in an area with more movement, life and creativity that may germinate.

Image 20. Suggestion for the culture string.

Image 17. Map of the culture string.

Image 18. The furnace.

Image 19. Suggestions for the culture string.

Image 21. Map of developed areas.

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Concept CONCEPT To bridge the distance between the center of Luleå and Svartöstaden, currently closed areas are opened and transformed into vibrant beautiful environments. Two new residential areas are emerging; one with connections to Svartöstaden and the other with links to the city center.

Both strive toward the newly laid park that connects the two districts. It is also important to preserve and develop the cultural contexts that currently exists in Svartöstaden.

These are also part of the national interest.

Long have Svartöstadens residents wished for more neighbors, better communications with the city center and to have more open green spaces. But as the steelworks own much of the land around Svartöstaden and whilst the municipality’s reluctance to build new residential areas near the steelworks, has led to a decay of the surrounding areas.

But this has also brought Svartöstadens residents closer and created neighborly relations rarely seen in modern times.

With this in mind, the concept have evolved into a full-fledged project with the intent of bringing two districts closer together.

karta outvecklad..

PRESENT DAY

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

VISION

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Connection to city centre CONNECTION BY GREEN A unique quality that Svartöstaden has today is its large green areas around the district. This is preserved and developed when constructing the new neighborhoods, streets and walkways. The newly created neighborhood to the south keeps the small housing of Svartöstaden and its grid with an enlarged scale of green areas. The district will be connected to city center through open green spaces and cozy gardens along the way.

By the harbor is an inviting big open park designed with big trees and a great lawn with small litters. Small inviting lit trails leads through the park and creates great paths for running and walking. These also lead up to the hill which has a beautiful viewpoint where people can meet and look at the scenery. The view spans from open sea and archipelago to the south harbor and Luleå cityscape.

The vision is adapted for all seasons, from the blistering cold -30*C in winter to the sunny 30*C of summer. During winter the ice becomes a place for activity and the park is used for winter play. During summer the park provides plenty of room for activity.

Overview of the area.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

View showing the connections and movement to the city centre .

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Movement OVERVIEW There is a new connection between the city center and Svartöstaden near the northern shoreline. The enhanced infrastructure makes green transportation the better alternative and by constructing housing there will be more people in motion which makes the area feel safer.

INFRASTRUCTURE Public transport Another alternative to taking the car is the bus. By creating a bus route through Svartöstaden and the new neighbourhoods the connections to the city center will be improved. Also the road through the park area is solely made for bus to further encourage public transport. To meet the need for private transport such as a car, the existing road to Svartöstaden will be kept. During the summer a ferry will be used as an alternative public transport to Luleå center. During winter the ice road can be used as a means of transportation to and around the city center. This will create a natural walkway to the center.

Pedestrian Enhancing the infrastructure between Svartöstaden and Luleå city will increase the amount of people using the soft transport such as walking and bicycle paths. By making the paths interesting and inviting they may seem shorter that they actually are. The walkway will be closest to the water and consist of a wooden deck. The path will shift between walking on gravel/dirt and on wooden walkways extended out over water.

Connection by development By removing the constraints of today’s industry structures between Luleå center and Svartöstaden the connection through the north shoreline will be improved. Creating new neighborhoods along the shoreline will further strive to connect the areas. According to Luleå Vision 2050 and the municipality, Svartöstaden wants to increase its population.

This means that new buildings has to be developed. More people will make the area livelier.

According to Luleå kommun there is a plan to develop a new neighborhood called “Ettans båthamn”. These houses will reach a height of up to six stories and will in effect create a barrier towards Svartöstaden. By constructing houses with a decreasing height towards Svartöstaden the barrier will be thwarted. This will also create a smooth changeover to the open park.

Bicyclist The bicycle path is made naturally inviting by integrating a beautiful scenery as well as a path that is as straight as possible. All this to make the bike a better alternative than the car. The path is also well incorporated within the new housing areas and thus easy to find.

Dynamics in both developments and connections. path.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

Cross section of traffic solutions.

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Meeting PLAZA With the creation of a larger community the issue of having a place to meet becomes more pressing. By creating a large meeting place in the form of a square with stores and premises will enable locals to engage in meetings and projects. The stores are of local use, such as a grocery store, hairstylist or even a craftsman shop. The premises are made for local associations to work, party and hold exhibitions or meetings in. The large square will become a natural place to hold gatherings, political debates or markets.

From Blackis it is possible to catch a glimpse of the square through a newly landscaped open park. This is a beautiful connection between the old Svartöstaden, Blackis and the Square (and in extent the newly built housing in Svartöstaden). The park is meant for both summer and winter use with a variety of trees, some of which will be green all through winter.

View of the plaza.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

PIER The old pier is kept and used for all sorts of events and activities; such as conferences, festivities and everyday gatherings. One of the existing ice breakers will be kept next to the pier while the rest of the ice breakers will be moved towards the south, away from the area. The remaining ice breaker will serve, not only as a part of Svartöstadens history, but also as a hostel and a café or a restaurant.

SIGHT-LINE From the square it is possible to see the Baltic Sea leading into Luleå. This is enabled due to the specific location of the square which has a small slope down towards the water.

This used to be obscured by trees. By using an existing road that now extends down to and out onto the water via a pier it is possible to walk through a cozy neighborhood to reach the sea.

View of the ice breaker as a meetingpoint.

CULTURAL HERITAGE To preserve the feeling of Svartöstaden the new southern housing area will be built up in the same pattern. Also the type of lower construction and material will be the same.

The green areas between the existing buildings such as smaller playgrounds will be preserved in both of the new housing areas.

The ice-cube placed on the edge of the pier contains information of Svartöstadens history such as the industries and ice breakers etc., it will also contain information about upcoming events.

Because of the non-existing public space in Svartöstaden, the new square will serve as a clear meeting point. The idea of having this square is to enhance the existing traditions Svartöstaden has such as the flea market. The Square will also serve as a meeting point for the local communities.

Overlook of the new plaza and sight-line towards the sea.

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Conclusion

Move- Incorporate two new housing areas - Have paths to the lookout - Incorporate better transports

Connection - Create a huge open park - Create new business opportunities - Be seasonal climate adapted

Me- Improve communal activities - Have a new marina - Create new meetingpoints

Skyline of the northern shoreline.

Serie of inspirational photos.

SVARTĂ–STADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Introduction

A

A

RESTRICTIONS IN THE AREA This report contains a regeneration proposal for the hill and surrounding area in Svartöstaden. Currently, the hill is a restricted area, owned by the Swedish mining company LKAB. Adjacent to the hill lies a residential area. At the moment, bicyclists have to cycle around it to get from Svartöstaden to Luleå’s city centre and vice versa.

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The hill is the largest green area in Svartöstaden. With an elevation of up to 47.6 meters, the hill provides a magnificent view over the harbour. In the middle of the area lies an unexploited asphalt area, corresponding to 20 football fields in size. The ground under the asphalt surface is contaminated due to the previous industrial activity that took place there.

Furthermore, the future development of the North Bothnia Line has to be considered. It seems most likely that new railways will be constructed on the north side of the hill. The existing vegetation and elevation difference will shelter the new recreational and residential areas from the noise caused by railway traffic, but other sound mitigating measures may prove necessary.

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THE HILL Concept & Process The concept regeneration proposal is based on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to the site and the mutual agreed upon vision for Svartรถstaden.

To make the built environment more connected and accessible, the bicycle routes to the area will be improved.

Enabling people to take more direct and comfortable bicycle routes across the hill can help to achieve the national and local goal of a more sustainable modal split. The fact that the hill is the largest green area in Svartรถstaden opens a lot of possibilities for recreation, both sport- and culture oriented. The involvement of the local community will play a vital role in the development of the area. Therefore, the main themes discussed in this report are housing & community, connectivity and recreation.

DEVELOPMENT IN DIFFERENT STAGES The large surface area of the hill makes development in stages preferable. This will allow the modification of certain aspects of the plan according to lessons learned in early stages. It also facilitates the involvement of the local community in the decision-making process by dividing the project into smaller projects that people can more easily relate to.

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Phase 1. The hill will be made publicly accessible. New bicycle paths and leisure tracks will be constructed. The establishment of a commercial facility and a public space on the hill.

Phase 2. A part of the asphalt will be removed and the ground below it will be sanitized using vegetation.

Phase 3. The grid will be extended on the hill, and the first houses will be built.

Phase 4. The construction of a bridge for bicyclists to Hertsรถn. Further housing development.

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PHASE 6.

PHASE 4.

PHASE 5.

PHASE 2.

PHASE 3.

Phases 5 and 6. Development of the remaining asphalt area according to experiences from previous stages and community input.

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Community & Housing Considering the projected population growth in Svartöstaden and the wish for more rental housing, a new residential area will be developed on the hill. The involvement of the local community is an important factor in the process.

HOUSING The grid, which is characteristic for Svartöstaden, will be extended into the new residential area. Future inhabitants will benefit from the proximity to the existing urban area and the facilities it contains, such as bus stops and ’Blackis’, the well-known community house. Multi-story buildings will be developed in order to provide for enough accommodation while minimizing land-use and exploiting the view on the harbour.

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT The proximity of the new housing area to the existing residential area will also prevent the development of a separate community. Instead, Svartöstaden’s existing community will be enlarged. This is not only achieved by this physical-spatial measure: a variety of different methods has to be used in order to create a successful urban community.

One can think of the establishment of a tool library in or near Blackis. Another measure is the development of facilities in the new residential area that will be beneficial to all inhabitants of Svartöstaden, such as restaurants. The organisation of cultural events is a third method.

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Connectivity A new residential area and a number of new recreational facilities will be developed on the hill. To make these function, it is essential they are well accessible. Car traffic can reach the new housing area via the existing road to Svartรถstaden. This route is accessible to cyclists, but is too long and indirect to be attractive.

CYCLING PATHS New cycling routes are planned to the areas surrounding the hill. Hertsรถn will be connected via two new cycling roads in the east, whereas the city centre will be made accessible by a north-south cycling connection. All three of these connections will cross the railroad via new cycling bridges. One end of the bridges rests on the hill, so cyclists will not have to climb additionally to cross the railway. This helps to improve the attractiveness of the connections. The cycling connections fit with the active recreational character of the area and are well-suited to the short trips they are expected to handle.

The area close to the docks will stay free of car traffic, making the area a safe place for children to play.

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Recreation The hill is the largest green area in Svartöstaden and offers numerous possibilities to develop recreational facilities. The exploitation of the harbour view, the different recreational possibilities on the existing asphalt surface and the use of the green area surrounding it are three primary points of focus.

want to play sports like basketball and soccer on some parts of the area during summer, whilst other places are reserved for having barbecues. Cross-country skiing or the construction of ice sculptures may be desirable functions of the area during winter. One could also think of temporary outdoor art exhibitions.

HARBOUR VIEW

GREEN ENVIRONMENT

Looking from the hill in the western direction, the view of Luleå’s city centre is magnificent. In order to exploit this, two types of facilities will be developed. Firstly, a commercial facility, such as a restaurant or café, will be established on the hill. Since the view on Luleå’s harbour should not be reserved exclusively for customers of this commercial facility, a public space will be constructed as well.

The construction of walking and cross-country skiing paths in the green areas surrounding the residential buildings and asphalt surface will enable people to enjoy nature.

ASPHALT AREA Part of the large asphalt surface on the hill will have to make place for housing development and the creation of a green barrier between the new residential area and the publicly accessible asphalt area. The remaining part can however be used for recreational purposes in many different ways.

The local community should be able to decide what the function of different parts of the area should be and how these should change over time. For example, people may SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

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Movement IMPROVED GRIDLINE In the past, they had a special city pattern in Svartöstaden.

Svartöstaden is a grid on the outskirts of Luleå. In the past the district divided into squares with 4 plots in each square.

Between the squares it is placed a passage or road.

Today, these passage have lost their purpose and plant, you feel sometimes that you go into someone’s garden and therefore avoids these passages. These passages should get highlight more clearly by strengthening term route to the sea and to mark the passage with cobblestones to easily be able to locate themselves. Along the passage, we will also put out benches for added comfort.

You should be able to stop and enjoy along the way. This should not just going to be a passage. The clarification of these paths also contributes to more paths leading to the sea and then the feeling of closeness to the sea that is valuable. The area will feel safe and familiar. When we create these paths it will also be operating in the area increase. It gives ”life and playfullness” Main arteries of Svartöstaden will link the main points in the area so as exhibition hall, parks, playgrounds, Blackis and Svartöstadens new squares.

These main routes also creates a link with the clarified passages. We want you to get a clear sense of where the most important points in the area are. On the main road traffic routes should be minimized by using cobblestone.

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Inspiration view of Sandgatan

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Interact GREEN AREAS Svartöstaden currently have a number of green areas but of low social value, they are more like overgrown plots without supervision or maintenance of any kind. There is no one today who reside in these places unless they happen to take a short cut through them to get faster to their destination. To a green space or an established park serves as bypassing is not unusual but it is good if the site can also attain a deeper significance for the visitor. The lack of qualitative amenity creates a demand in Svartöstaden in which the goal is to fulfill. Since there are existing green spaces and our urban renewal should be as humble as possible, the choice is obvious to allowing these plots retention as parkland. With new plantings, more benches and flower beds, the small parks will form into attractive and pleasant amenity

Inspiration view of one of the green areas

SQUARES At the junction between Bolagsgatan and Sandgatan there are an empty plot that has no real function today.

The plot is of high value in the future urban regeneration of Svartöstaden where it will fulfil the function of a square or meeting point. To establish a point where the inhabitants can enjoy Christmas carols, small markets, performances, and outdoor activity. It will enhance the existing heritage for better urban standard and to attract and retain the inhabitants. It´s a relatively cheap and easy way to form a cosy and pleasant square to lift the immaterial values of Svartöstaden.

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Inspiration view of the square

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Socalize NODES In the area we want to create new but also strengthen existing meeting points. This is to entice people to move more in the area and create a more vibrant and safer neighborhood. These meeting points are going to create in the form of parks and green space, a playground and also a square located near Blackis. Then Blackis in the current situation is a central part of life in Svartöstan so we think it is wise to place a square close to this.

The park areas we have chosen to create is located at the core of the old part of Svartöstan and consists of four smaller parks but through clear walkways between them creates a greater whole.

A map of the nodes to reinforce. ”M” stands for meeting points, such as green areas and squares. ”E” stands for entrances, both for pedestrians and by vehicle. ”The pallet” is the position of the new culture center.

Then Svartöstan itself is a small part of the town does it not required huge funds to cover today’s needs, but given the huge potential that Svartöstan holds, we want to reserve space for public places in the area. This is to not allow the private sector to exploit strategically good places for meetings between residents and visitors in Svartöstan. The idea of the park areas is to create green areas in the city that will be open for residents to use for everything from recreation to express themselves artistically through, for example, ice sculptures. In the current situation, there are several non-exploited green spaces which unfortunately is overgrown and thus unusable.

In the area we would like to create spaces and One Building for People to show there creativeties. Someplace to show ther works, Because in today Svartöstaden You can find unique people like artist.

We choose to place the exhibition hall closest to the water on a plot that in the current situation is within the park area.

The location of the building is because we feel it’s the most appealing plot to colonize a creative building. This building is also one of the main gates of Svartöstaden and then gives a welcoming impression. From the exhibition hall shows a clear link up to Svartöstadens Square through the cobbled street.

View of the exhibition hall

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Accessible

BUS ROUTE The bus line is positioned so that it with as little impact as possible in the area still covers up as much as possible to reduce the walking distance to bus stops. Given developments in Svartöstan, but also areas between Svartöstan and center it will require a new line in order to cover up for the increasing number of residents in the area. Given that today’s single entrance to Svartöstan shared with a big industry so it makes sense to place the bus so that it is affected as little as possible during peak times.

The red marks shows the future bus route. The orange arrows shows the direction of the enforced pedestrian streets.

The access to Svartstan will improve by sustainible models fo transportations like the new bus line.

The new bus route goes by Laxgatan

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Renewal NEW BUSINESSES The absence of local businesses like grocery store and cafés makes people who live in Svartöstaden today depend on the city area and nearby markets. By establish small shops that are missing today the inhabitants will be more independent and Svartöstaden will competitive to the nearby areas. The chance will also lead to a more vivid community and attract a broader turism. Not only small shopping areas but also establishing business like Bead and breakfast, short time rental appartments and similar will empower today and future diverse community.

HOUSINGS When we look at homes in Svartöstaden we want to preserve the small scale and the old style. The area should be boosted, fix up the old and dilapidated houses with old style. This will make that Svartöstaden stay to be unique.

The red ”shaded” area shows a strategicly good area where a future shoping street could be. New housing is marked in yellow.

It is difficult to build new homes in the area but the area needs to be expanded with rental units in the current situation. We have choosen to use park land available in the area closest to Blackis. To reduce the shortage of accommodation.

The goal is both the residents of Svartöstaden and visiting to experience it as a wonderful and cosy place.

Buildings that do not fit into the old and charming style of the area will equally so get a facelift. We want to create the feeling of a small old village with wonderful opportunities and a really lovely family feeling.

In the area there are 44 sites with cultural and historical buildings. These buildings are in various condition and must be refurbished along needs. These buildings should inspire the new buildings in the area.

SVARTÖSTADEN, RE:GENERATION

The rules for the new buildings shall be the same as before, in order to create unity in the area.

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Site analysis and conditions VISION The new vision for Svartöstaden creates the need for different community focal points. Cultivating dynamic and exciting community centres, that most people can ”read” intuitively, is the most important factor in the vision to develop Svartöstaden into a vibrant and successful community. These new and improved routes and centres should promote and facilitate social interaction between the residents as well as have a strong sense of place in the area.

Svartöstaden is a small area, which made the work focus on a “human scale”, where points of interest and routes in the area feel accessible and integrated in their placement.

CONSIDERATION TO THE WINTER CLIMATE Recreation and leisure often subside during winter. To counter this the new key points and routes in the area will make use of natural materials such as snow and ice, to create intriguing and engaging public spaces. The use of lights on buildings and walkways will reduce the dullness of winter and colours on buildings will provide a sense of warmth.

The aim is to have thermal comfort within close proximity, a visually stimulating environment, and plenty of recreation and activities to keep the area alive and vibrant.

A map showing the landowners in Svartöstaden. The grey area is land owned by the municipality.

The assigned area.

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STAKEHOLDERS The area focused on in this proposal is largely owned by the municipality. This should facilitate an easier process in order to reach the set goals. However, many stakeholder will be affected and will have to be involved in the process to be able to make it happen. Both the homeowners and people living in Svartöstaden as well as the big industrial companies LKAB and SSAB. An important factor to consider is that the area is a national cultural interest. The changes made in the area will have to be approved by Länsstyrelsen (the County Administrative Board).

Since snow clearing can be an issue during the winter months it is important to have good snow removal practices.

Not only for the car roads but also at the soft-transportation routes and at the local outdoor meeting points. Without a good snow clearing the value of the outdoor routes and places are reduced. The excess snow from snow clearing can be used as a resource in creating wind barriers at the meeting points and to create slides and climbing mounds that the local kids can play with. The snow can also be used by local artist or the schoolchildren to create snow sculpture along the waterfront route. The ice in front of the harbour house can be ploughed to allow the inhabitants of Svartöstaden to skate and play hockey or bandy. The park can be used for winter markets and a stage of snow and ice can be built for outdoor concerts. During winter the park will also work as a snow deposit for the area.

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Strategy THE WORK PROCESS The project to regenerate the southern waterfront started with a visit to Svartรถstaden for a meeting with the local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and residents of the area. The resulting discussion helped identify important aspects of social, spatial, historical- and cultural value in Svartรถstaden. After the meeting with the NGOs a field study of the area was conducted to get a good understanding and spatial feel of the assigned area.

With the collective vision- and SWOT analysis as a basis several proposals were developed in the form of rough sketches. These sketches highlighted important routes and places of importance in the area and presented solutions to enhance them. This process was carried out individually in the group to avoid getting caught in the same thought patterns and to produce the most amount of unique ideas.

These separate proposals were then combined to the final proposal that met the set goals in the best way possible.

Some of these goals were more prominent due to the prerequisites of the assigned area. The proposal was subject for an iterative process, as some of the details changed or were revised when the work progressed to hone the proposal and make sure that important factors were overlooked.

Rough sketches during the early stages of the process.

SVARTร STADEN, RE:GENERATION

Rough sketches of early proposals.

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Meeting places EXHIBITION HALL Culture is a very important part in the vision. Therefore a cultural meeting point will be created by the waterfront in the form of an exhibition hall. The exhibition hall will serve as a cultural focal point, in the same way as Blackis is the social focal point of Svartöstaden. Local artist will be given a place to display their art which will enhance the cultural vibe that is present in Svartöstaden. This will be a place for the culture of the present day and the future, but also a place to display Svartöstadens past cultural heritage. The exhibition hall will be connected to the other meeting points and to Svartöstaden by a cultural and historical route.

TEGELHUSET To give a sense of place and make the new marina more inviting to residents, a multi-functional building, Tegelhuset, will be placed here. This building will host a café, a waiting room and an office for the marina authority. During the winter Tegelhuset can be used as a place to seek warmth.

Since the building house a variety of activities and is placed at the end of the waterfront route it will work to bring different people together.

provide the residents of Svartöstaden with a place for social interaction. The pier and the area by the waterfront will be a natural meeting place with a great view and places to sit. The labyrinth created by the locals that exist in the area today will be preserved.

A view of Rödkajen.

Visualisation of Tegelhuset during winter.

Visualisation of the exhibition hall during summer.

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RÖDKAJEN Svartöstaden will become an inclusive and engaged community. To enable this a place for social interaction is created by where the improved middle axis meets the waterfront. This axis will culminate in Rödkajen, a pier which will

THE PARK AREA The green area to the north will be converted into a park.

Access to parks and green areas is an extremely important factor in people’s quality of life and has proven to increase the liveability of an area. The park will also serve as a place for social interaction for families and social groups, as well as for individuals of all ages and economic status, regardless of their ability to pay for access. Besides the increased liveability and social aspects of parks, there is also the health and environmental aspects that comes with large green areas.

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Passages and routes PASSAGES TO THE WATERFRONT To be able to take advantage of the closeness to the water three important passages to the waterfront will be developed. The first one going from Blackis to the waterfront.

Blackis is an important social and cultural point in Svartöstaden and it would benefit from a direct route to the shore.

The second passage is in the middle of Svartöstaden and connects to Rödkajen and the rest of the shore. The last passage connects the marina to Svartöstaden. The walkways will have a colour pattern that lead the pedestrian to and from the waterfront. Light posts along the passages will help to strengthen the connection and will also make it apparent during the winter months.

RECREATIONAL ROUTE To maximize the positive aspects of the close proximity to water, a recreational route will be built all along the waterfront. This route will be composed of wooden decking, with short gaps to preserve the existing beaches in the area. This new route will provide an added quality of life and liveability to the residents of the area and will be an attractive addition to the area.

The main path, Bältesgatan, that connects Svartöstaden to the waterfront.

SOFT-TRANSPORTATION ROUTE The existing soft-transportation route along the waterfront will be improved, making it more connected to the neighbourhood and of a higher quality. This will make traveling by sustainable modes of transport a more viable option for the residents of the area as well as create a more clear connection between Svartöstaden and the city centre of Luleå. The new and improved route will have a clear cultural character; art installations and information boards with a connection to the historical- and cultural identity of Svartöstaden will be displayed along the route. This will create an interest for the heritage of Svartöstaden and help residents to relate to the history now and in the future.

Important routes and places along the waterfront.

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THE MARINA The marina sits in an important spot along the waterfront but the area is in the present day in poor condition. The quality of the area will be improved to make it more attractive and accessible to the residents. To meet the growing demand of spots to anchor small boats, the capacity of the marina will be increased. The marina will be a ferry point, which will make the archipelago and city centre accessible through public transport with ferry.

Båthamnsgatan leading down to the marina.

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Proposal SUMMARY The finished proposal contains two different routes along the water. A wood decking following the waterfront suitable for a slow walk and a quicker, more direct bicycle path closer to Svartöstaden.

Located along the water are meeting points in various forms. Furthest to the north is a park with big, open and flexible spaces, perfect for picnics or activities that demand large areas. Just south of the park along the wood decking is a big pier with plenty of places to sit and with a great view. Located past the beach further south is an art gallery where people can meet and look at exhibitions made by local artists. At the end of the shoreline by the marina lies the building called Tegelhuset. This building is a combination of many functions. It serves both as an office for the marina, a café, and a waiting hall for the people waiting for the ferry to take them out to the archipelago. Tegelhuset can also be used as a changing room and a place to warm yourself during the winter after having been out skating or walking on the ice. This building facilitates for a shoreline filled with activities all year round.

Skepparegatan, Bältesgatan and Båthamnsgatan are all important paths leading to and from the waterfront. By using paving stones of different colours and by lining the streets with lamp post the orientation within Svartöstaden is improved and this helps people to find their way down to the water.

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