University Technology Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Malaysia
UTM 2010 Summer School Planning in Developing Metropolitan Regions
by: IMI Group Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra Indonesia Nor Hasnida Nor Sukri Malaysia Shahram Minooei Iran
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Background Internal and External Forces Focus Issues of Vibrant Public Spaces Learn from International Best Practices Vision and Development Strategies “How to Create Vibrant Public Spaces in Nusajaya� Analysis of Development Strategies Conclusions Recommendations References
Creating vibrant public spaces is how to plan and design the city to be more livable, more spirit in order to enhance better living and quality of life for those people who come, live, work, and play in the city (Miri City Council, 2007). Good design of vibrant city will facilitate movement and access with multiple modes, provide the setting for architecture, create dynamic social spaces, and contribute to the sense of center: a place where social, commercial, and institutional interaction is more dense and livable. (Ned Crankshaw, 2009). Key points of design guideline of vibrant spaces covers the quality, style, and arrangement of pedestrian paths, parking, lighting , trees, streetscape, street furniture, squares, plazas, public art/graphic/signage, landmark, edge, closure, node, utility lines, and all interstitial spaces between them all. (Paumier, Cy., 2004). Strategic Development is a general framework for action: a way to determine priorities, make wise choices and allocate scarce resources (e.g. time, money, skills) to achieve agreed-upon objectives (OECD, 2002).
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Nusajaya is Asia’s newest regional city, strategically located at the south-western Peninsula Malaysia or west of Johor Malaysia, its area covers 24,000 acres. The project started on August 2007 and target to be developed by 2025 Current population is 10,000 inhabitants, projected 500,000 inhabitants by 2025 It is the largest integrated urban development in Southeast Asia with offers significant investment, financial and business opportunities. It is planned to be a sustainable city that is conducive for business, living and leisure in order to boost the quality of life for people. It features 8 development projects that are integral to its vision to be the World in one city”. (1) Kota Iskandar, (2) Puteri Harbour, (3) SiLC Nusajaya, (4) Afiat Healthpark, (5) EduCity Iskandar Malaysia, (6) International Destination Resort, (7) Medini Iskandar Malaysia, (8) Residences of Nusajaya. …….. Nusajaya is a new development and is too early to examine the success of city, however, the issue of vibrancy is faced as one agenda for the planner and developer of Nusajaya …………
Iskandar Malaysia in the South East Asia Region
B Zone B- Nusajaya
Five main zones in Iskandar Malaysia
Nusajaya Masterplan within 5 Zones in Iskandar Malyasia
1. Kota Iskandar • • •
Area = 320 acre Johor State & Federal Government offices Support to business & provision of public amenities for Nusajaya
5. EduCity Iskandar Malaysia • •
2. Puteri Harbour • • •
Area = 688 acres Integrated waterfront & Marina development Panoramic view of straits of Johor
3. SiLC Nusajaya • • •
Area = 1,300 acres Industrial park, SiLC capitalises to 2 international airports and 5 seaports Emphasis on 3 areas: advanced technologies, nutrition and health and logistics
6. International Destination Resort •
Area = acres Holistic healthcare services Modern medicine and right synergy of traditional and complementary medicine (TCM)
Top-notch destination resort with international theme parks and amnesties.
7. Medini Iskandar Malaysia • • •
4. Afiat Healthpark • • •
Area = 300-acres education enclave The world’s best university faculties: Newcastle University Medical Faculty (Numed), The Netherlands Maritime Institute of Technology
Area = 2,225 acre International urban township Collaboration middle Eastern partners, Mubadala development, company, kuwait finance house bhd & Milleneium Dev International
8. Residences Malaysia •
East Ledang, Ujana Executive Apartments, Horizon Hills, Ledang Heights, Nusa Idaman, 1 Medini
1
3
4
SiLC Nusajaya 4
Kota Iskandar
2
5
Afiat Healthpark
8 6
3
EduCity Iskandar Malaysia
6
5 Puteri Harbour
1 8
2 7
International Destination ResortLegoland
7 8
Medini Iskandar Malaysia
8 development projects in Nusajaya
Residences of Nusajaya
Internal Key Forces (+) Social • Educational • Health • Residential • Entertainment • Administrative • Resort
Technological • ICT Base • Bio-tech Industrial
Economical
Ecological
• Educational • Health • Residential • Entertainment • Resort • Commercial • Logistics
• Resort • Parks • Harbor
Political
Values
• Government Support • Developer (UEM) support • Private and Public Agencies
• Closed to international straits
Spatial • Green open space • Pedestrian path • Public square
Internal Key Forces (-) Social • Not many people live in Nusajaya • 2nd home investors • Lack of sense of center
Technological
Economical
Ecological
• Lack of technical human resources
• Lack of informal activities
• Climate problem
Political • Less support from low income people • No policy for affordable houses
Values
Spatial
• Lack of local identity • Lack of variety of night life activities
• Unattractive streetscape • Lack of dynamic social spaces • Lack of cluster land use • Poor inter-connection • No space for low income and native people • Urban sprawl
External Key Forces Local Social
Technological
Economical
Ecological
Political
Values
Spatial
• No. of local people involvement • Employment • Educational workforce
• Senai hi-tech park • Senai MSC • Techno Competition
• 3 international ports • Free trade zone • Tg. Langsat industry complex • Diversity of economic structure • Oil and gas • Currency barrier
• RAMSAR site consideration • JB Waterfront development • Biodiversity
• Political attention from IRDA • Private and public agencies involvement • Strong national vision
• JBHeritage zone dev. • Culture mix use
• Flagship zones Relationship • Connection transportation & infrastructure • More landed property
External Key Forces Global Social • ASEAN countries relationship • International residents • Skills labor from Singapore • Unskilled labor from Indonesia
Technological • Advanced technology • MSC
Economical • Foreign investment • Access to world market
Ecological • JohorSingapore Straits
Political • IMS-GT • SIJORI
Values • Tourism attraction
Spatial • 2 links from Singapore • ASEAN gateway
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Climate does not support walking and cycling. Unattractive streetscape for pedestrian to move. Lack of local identity/local culture in land use planning. Lack of dynamic social spaces. Lack of sense of center . Lack of cluster land use to create high density and to connect activities more livable. 7. Lack of variety of night life activities (for certain group only). 8. Lack of informal activities provision into certain zoning areas to generate income for low and middle income. 9. Poor inter-connection between neighborhoods
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“A vibrant city should be a blend of the old and new, a city should be lively place not only during the day but also at night. These examples show that the vibrant city accommodates the interchange the multiple modes, the architecture setting, dynamic social spaces, and the sense of center.
Nuremberg, Germany. Vibrant medieval town
Vibrant night in Toronto, Canada.
Other examples……
Vibrant city in Singapore
Vision : “Creating the vibrant public spaces in Nusajaya”
“5 Development Strategies” 1. To develop ‘modes of transport connecting each development projects to City Center to be more comfortable, friendly environment and highly accessible with low cost innovation, i.e; ULTra System 2. To create regular events by involving all stakeholders, such as: night market, cultural events, exhibitions, live music, Malaysian performance, etc. 3. To allocate informal sector in several formal spot varies by managing semi formalized to attract people to come there, i.e. Kopitiam in Singapore. 4. To integrate with Kampung Selatan as eco-tourism (native fisherman who owns the fish farm and seafood restaurant). 5. To create more livable streetscape, through placement of shading place, trees, more softscape, street furniture, lighting, signature, transit stops, and other intentional public spaces.
Strategy 1. To develop ‘modes of transport’ to connect each development projects to City Center to be more comfortable, friendly environment and highly accessible with low cost innovation, i.e; ULTra System
Ultra System in Cardiff
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• Terminal in City Center Station Proposed Ultra System- along the main roads
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ULTra which is developed since 1995, is an innovative and novel way, exciting, cheap, a high level of service, futuristic and fun to the user, not polluted, and quicker than by bus. The aims are to create internal connection more comfortable, safety, accessible, distinct and friendly environment. The system will integrate each developments with the city center. City center is planned to be walk able.
Strategy 2. To create regular events by involving all stakeholders, such as: night market, cultural events, exhibitions, live music, Malaysian performance, etc. One of the key important to make the city livable is by ensuring the urban environment feels human and generates a subtle sense of usable public space.
Proposed Regular Events in Nusajaya development
Strategy 3. To allocate informal sector in several formal spot by managing semi formalized to attract people to come in, i.e. Kopitiam in Singapore
Informal sector in several formal spot
Formal areas will be not livable as the arrangement of the space so static. By mix some proper informal activities will attract people to come there frequently as a meeting space.
Strategy 4. To integrate with Kampung Selatan as eco-tourism (native fisherman who owns the fish farm and seafood restaurant) – need strong regulation promote Kampung selatan without loss the culture.
Eco-tourism product nearby Nusajaya
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Some of the existing village can be a good spot for the eco-tourism purpose. To name a few; Kg. Gelang Patah, Kg. Danga, Kg. Selatan The 2nd largest RAMSAR Site near to Nusajaya also can be rejuvenated as world class eco-tourism attraction.
to
Strategy 5. To create more livable streetscape, through placement of shading place, trees, more softscape, street furniture, lighting, signature, transit stops, and other intentional public spaces.
Greenery landscape in Nusajaya
It is by using some indicators, scoring (Linkert method) and total score each scenarios will be ranked (Sturgess Method) to determine the urgency or steps of the projects.
No
Indicators
S-1 ModeUltra System
S-2 Events Activities
S-3 Informal Sector
S-4 S-5 Eco- Streets Touri cape sm
1
Walk ability
5
3
3
3
5
2
Connectivity & Integrity
5
3
3
1
5
3
Vibrancy
3
5
5
3
3
4
Relevancy
5
5
4
3
5
5
Efficiency
3
3
5
1
3
Total
21
24
23
14
21
Ranked
III
I
II
V
IV
Note; 1-less important, 3-fair, 5-most important.
1 5
2
4
3
• Vibrant public spaces will create the city alive, spirited, energetic, exciting and enhancing the quality of life people who stay, work, play and come there. • To create vibrant public space need to consider: 1. The movement and accessibility of modes 2. The setting of architecture setting 3. The dynamic of social spaces 4. The sense of center 5. The quality and arrangement of urban elements such as: pedestrian paths, parking, lighting, trees, streetscape, street furniture, squares, plazas, signage, landmark, edge, closure, node, utility lines, and all interstitial spaces between them.
• Key principles to success development strategies of creating vibrant public spaces, such as: 1. High level government commitment and influential lead institutions 2. Comprehensive and integrated 3. Have political will 4. Targeted with clear budgetary priorities 5. Incorporate accountability and transparency 6. Incorporate monitoring, controlling, evaluation and improvement 7. Develop building capacity 8. Effective participation
1. http://www.iskandarmalaysia.com.my/ Iskandar Malaysia 2. http://www.spsetia.com.my/bukit_indah_johor/index.htm Bukit Indah by SP Setia 3. http://www.uemland.com/ UEM Land 4. http://www.uemland.com http://www.iskandarmalaysia.com.my ttp://horizonhills.com.my 5. ttp://www.spsetia.com.my/bukit_indah_johor/index.htm 6. Crankshaw, Ned. 2009. Creating vibrant public spaces : streetscape design in commercial and historic districts. Washington: Island Press. 7. Paumier, Cy. 2004. Creating a vibrant city center : urban design and regeneration principles: Urban Land Institute. 8. Miri City Council. 2007. Miri, vibrant & exciting city. Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia: Miri City Council. 9. Urban Land Institute., and National Multi Housing Council (U.S.). 2008. Getting density right : tools for creating vibrant compact development. Washington, D.C.: ULI--The Urban Land Institute : NMHC, National Multi Housing Council.
Proposal for Integrated Landuse and Rail Network
Flagship Development Zones of Iskandar Malaysia