STRUCTURAL REPORT Group 8
Politecnico di Milano School of Architecture Urban Planning and Construction Engineering
Academic Year 2021 Professors: Ingrid Paoletti, Elena Mola - Teaching Team: Giorgio Castellano, Edoardo Copelli, Giulia Grassi, Tommaso Pagnacco, Michele Tonizzo
Group 8 members: Chen Boshi 961902 Tong Yihao 961814 Cui Ziqi 961896 Zhang Xinjie 975005
01
Structure introduction Structure system
02
Material Selection
03
Loads-structural analysis results
INDEX
STRUCTURE ELEMENTS JOINTS MECHANISM MATERIAL GROUND CONNECTION MATERIAL NO STRUCTURE MATERIAL
GRAVITY WIND LOAD 03
Final results FINAL DRWAINGS
01
STRUCTURE INTROUCTION STEEL FRAME STRUCTURE SYSTEM
STEEL FRAME STRUCTURE SYSTEM
The overall structure is mainly composed of steel pipes. The horizontal steel pipes are connected to the vertical steel pipes through Key clamp, and the vertical steel pipes are connected to the concrete foundation underground through Anchor bolts. Since some of the vertical steel pipes are on the lawn, the underground soil has also been treated with Planting soil and Packed soil. There is a layer of 120mm planting soil under the lawn, and then Packed soil and Concrete foundation are placed under the planting soil. In order to inflate and deflate the airbag, we have installed an air pump system underground, which is fixed together with the Concrete foundation through the Fixing bolt. Inside the steel pipe, there is also a system composed of pressure sensors, rotating shafts, and Micro motor. One side of the airbag is extended with the ETFE membrane, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft and cooperates with the air pump to realize automatic inflation and Deflate ,contraction and ejection under the control of the app.
DETAILS OF PAVILION 13 14
4
1
11
5
17
30
55
120 40
55
5
16
2
15
30
5
10
1
18
1 10
5
50
9
19 13
1
5
15
14
16
10
1
18
1
10
5
310
9
21 22 23
3
1 5
6
4
7
2
5
19 11
75 10
10
12
5
8
24
120
110
50 35 15
450
15 25
17
9
20
26
25
20 5
205
4
18
5
150
15 5
1.ETFE cube 2.Special-shaped steel pipe 3.Transit trachea and Shaft 4.ETFE membrane 5.Bidirectional trachea 6.valve 7.vent 8.Induction air pump 9.Fixing bolt
130
20
10.Retaining plate 11.Induction barometer 12.Anchor bolt 13.Bearing fixing seat 14.Bearing 15.Micromotor 16.Metal fasteners 17.Key clamp 18. Electronic controller
19.Transit trachea 20.Curbstone-precast concrete block 21.Grass 22.Planting soil 23.Packed soil 24.Concrete foundation 25.Concrete cushion 26.Stone pavement
02
METERIAL SELECTION STRUCTURE ELEMENTS JOINTS MECHANISM MATERIAL GROUND CONNECTION MATERIAL NO STRUCTURE MATERIAL
Structural elements
Steel 275
Steel grade S275JR is a structural steel that meets the requirements of the EN 10025-2 standard. Classification: Non-alloy structural steel. “S” is for structural steel; “275” refers to the minimum yield strength is 275 MPa tested with steel thickness ≤ 16mm. “JR” means that the minimum charpy impact value at room temperature is 27J. Physical Properties S275 mild steel density: 7.85 g/cm3 Melting point: 1420-1460 °C (2590-2660 °F) Mechanical Properties S275 steel mechanical properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and impact resistance are given in datasheet below.
CROSS SECTION
Diameter:
5cm
Thickness
0.5cm
Chemical composition % of steel S275JR (1.0044): EN 10025-2-2004
JOINTS MECHANISM MATERIAL Key clamp Material ID : SS304 stainless steel ≤0.08 ≥520 ≥205 193 7.93 1.73E-05 ≥40 ≥60 0.3
30
(%) (MPa) (MPa) (20 C°, KN/mm) (20 C°, g/cm³) (0~100 C°, 10·K) (%) (%)
60
5
30
50
5
10
5
40
5
10
Carbon content Tensile strength Conditional yield strength Young's modulus Density linear expansion coefficient Elongation Section shrinkage Poisson's ratio
120
DIFFERENT KINDS OF KEY CLAMPS
90
90
120
60 5
50
60
30 5
5
30
50
30
5
60 5
10
50
90
5
60
40
30
5
10
5
10
10
40
5
10
10
5
30
DIFFERENT KINDS OF KEY CLAMPS
60
60 50
60
30
42°
10 35
5
50
35
10
40
5
35
200 60
5
90
5
65
40
200 60
5
138°
35
35
35
°
138
65
90
35
35
5
10
40
5
5
10
5
50
35
30
5
5 35
5
120
42°
DIFFERENT KINDS OF KEY CLAMPS
70 55 200 60
40 55
70
30 10 30
25 10 25
30 10 30
200
30
12
30
50 5
60
5
10 10 10 12 10 10 10
200
55 30 10 30
115 25 10 25 5 50
10
30 10 30 55 10
DIFFERENT KINDS OF KEY CLAMPS
6 3
5
5
11
5
5
8 6
8 6
5
15 8 3
5 50 8 5 10
6
11
22
6
4
5
8
5
40 66
5
8 8
5
18
4
18
5
8
66
37 13
37
10
10 10 10 80
10
15
10
10 10 10 80
10
15
45
6 10 6 6 5
80 6 15 15
GROUND CONNECTION MATERIAL Anchor bolt Material ID : Q235 steel Carbon content ≤0.22 Tensile strength 370-520 Conditional yield strength ≥235 Young's modulus 210 Density 7.85 linear expansion coefficient 1.20E-05 Elongation ≥26 Section shrinkage ≥60 Poisson's ratio 0.25~0.33
(%) (MPa) (MPa) (20 C°, KN/mm) (20 C°, g/cm³) (1/°C) (%) (%)
5 10 45 6 45 220 6 45
21 13
9
6
5°
43
6 9
60 90
60 90
9 6
9
9
6 9
9 6
PHYSICAL MODEL Scale: 1 to 2.5
PHYSICAL MODEL Scale: 1 to 2.5
DETIAL MOCK UP Scale: 1 to 2
DETIAL MOCK UP Scale: 1 to 2
03
LOAD -STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS GRAVITY WIND LOAD
GRAVITY
PART 1-Rest area
Element:O-section steel Diameter:
5cm
Thickness
0.5cm
Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:
890.318522kg 0.820938 KN 0.143965KN 0.023551kNM
MX
NX
MY
VY
MZ
VZ
0.095389KN 0.536987cm 0.002554 kNm
GRAVITY
PART 2-Book exchange
Element:O-section steel Diameter:
5cm
Thickness
0.5cm
Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:
1360.377kg 0.820938 KN 0.143965KN
MX
NX
MY
VY
MZ
VZ
0.023551kNM 0.095389KN 0.536987cm 0.002554 kNm
GRAVITY
PART 3-Play room
Element:O-section steel Diameter:
5cm
Thickness
0.5cm
Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:
1634.91711kg 4.8060KN 1.0088KN
MX
NX
MY
VY
MZ
VZ
0.142325kNM 0.523486KN 2.543091cm 16.349171kNm
GRAVITY
PART 2-Meeting area
Element:O-section steel Diameter:
5cm
Thickness
0.5cm
Weight of structure:
7811.05kg
Max compression:
4.00KN
Max tension:
3.25KN
Max bending moment:
0.194kNM
Max shear force:
0.7732KN
Max displacement:
0.2336cm
Elastic energy:
MX
NX
MY
VY
MZ
VZ
0.00684kNm
Wind Load analysis Wind actions fluctuate with time and actdirectly as pressuresontheexternalsurfacesofenclosedstructuresand,beca useofporosityoftheexternalsurface,alsoactindirectlyontheinternalsurfaces.Theymayalsoactdirectlyoninternalstruct uresofopenstructures.Pressuresactonareasofthesurfaceresultinginforcesnormaltothesurfaceofthestructureorofind ividualcladdingcomponents.AccordingtoNTC2018,the characteristic valueofwindpressureismodelledasaquasi-stati cactionthatcanbecomputedaccordingtothefollowingequation: P = qr * Ce * Cp * Cd qr = BASIC VALUE OF WIND PRESSURE. Ce = EXPOSURE COEFFICIENT. Cp = PRESSURE COEFFICIENT. Cd = DYNAMIC COEFFICIENT. qr = BASIC VALUE OF WIND PRESSURE. 1. Vb Vb,0 from table= 25 [m/s] For Milano(data from sheet): as = 120 m as ≤ a0 so Ca = 1 Vb = Vb,0 * Ca = 25 [m/s] * 1 = 25 [m/s] 2. Cr , with Tr = 10(for temporary building) Cr = 0.75 * √ (1-0.2*ln[-ln(1-1/10)] = 0.90 3. Vr Vr = Vb * Cr = 25 * 0.90 = 22.5 4. qr qr = 0.5 * ρ * vr^2 = 0.5* 1,25 * 22.5^2 = 316.4 [N/m2] qr = 0.316[nN/m2]
SHEET FORM
Figure 1
Cp = PRESSURE COEFFICIENT. Cd is the dynamic coefficient=1 Ce = EXPOSURE COEFFICIENT. It depends on the height above ground z of the point considered, on the topography and on the exposure category of the site. For heights above ground not greater than z- 200m: (from figure2) Topographic Coefficient Ct = 1 1. CLASSE A, inside the city 2. Zone 1 (Lombardia) Milano: as = 120 m the location distance away from the sea = CLASS V 3. CLASS V, Kr = 0,23 z0 = 0,70 zmin = 12 z = height of the building. z = 6m z = 4 < zmin = 12. Ce(z) = Ce (zmin) Ce(z) = Kr^2*ct*In(z/z0)[7+ct*In(z/z0)] = 0,23^2 * 1 * ln (6/0.70) * [7 + 1 * ln (6/0.70) ] = 1.04 Ce(z) = 1.04 So P = qr * Ce * Cp * Cd P (z) = 0.316 * 1.04 * 1 * 1 = 0.32 kN/m2 P (z) = 0.32 kN/m2
Figure 2
GRAVITY +WIND LOAD PART 1-Rest area
Element:O-section steel Diameter:
5cm
Thickness:
0.5cm
Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment:
890.318522kg 0.820938 KN 0.143965KN 0.023551kNM
Max shear force:
0.095389KN
Max displacement:
1.0176cm
Elastic energy:
MX
NX
MY
VY
MZ
VZ
0.299 kNm
GRAVITY +WIND LOAD PART 2-Book exchange
Element:O-section steel Diameter:
5cm
Thickness
0.5cm
Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:
1360.377kg 5.60 KN 1.34KN
MX
NX
MY
VY
MZ
VZ
0.1845kNM 0.7303KN 2.183cm 0.2704kNm
GRAVITY +WIND LOAD PART 3-Play room
Element:O-section steel Diameter:
5cm
Thickness
0.5cm
Weight of structure:
1634.91711kg
Max compression:
4.806091KN
Max tension: Max bending moment: Max shear force: Max displacement: Elastic energy:
1.008827KN
MX
NX
MY
VY
MZ
VZ
0.143325kNM 0.5234KN 2.543901cm 0.06kNm
GRAVITY +WIND LOAD PART 4-Meeting area
Element:O-section steel Diameter:
5cm
Thickness
0.5cm
Weight of structure: Max compression: Max tension: Max bending moment:
7811.05kg 18.43544.00KN 15.23513KN
NX
MY
VY
MZ
VZ
1.59309kNM
Max shear force:
5.106477KN
Max displacement:
3.448461cm
Elastic energy:
MX
0.404319kNm
04
FINAL DRAWING DEFINE DRAWINGS
50mm
50mm
7500mm
10000mm
DEFINE DRAWINGS
50mm 50mm
8500mm
4500mm
4.0M 2.5M
3.0M
0.798