The History Of The Christian Church Volume 1, Philip Shaff 1819-1893

CHAPTER III THE APOSTOLIC AGE 95 ican ground, the theological battles of Germany and also the author’s former work: Essays on the SupernatHolland; it is to be hoped with more triumphant success. ural Origin of Christianity, with special reference to the *J. B. Lightfoot (Bishop of Durham since 1879): A se- Theories of Renan, Strauss, and the Tübingen School. ries of elaborate articles against “Supernatural Religion,” New York, 1865. New ed. enlarged, 1877. in the “Contemporary Review” for 1875 to 1877. They *C. Weizsäcker (successor of Baur in Tübingen): Das should be republished in book form. Comp. also the re- Apostolische Zeitalter. Freiburg, 1886. Critical and very ply of the anonymous author in the lengthy preface to able. the sixth edition. Lightfoot’s Commentaries on Pauline *O. Pfleiderer (Prof. in Berlin): Das Urchristenthum, Epistles contain valuable Excursuses on several histori- seine Schriften und Lehren. Berlin, 1887. (Tübingen cal questions of the apostolic age, especially St. Paul and School.) the Three, in the Com. on the Galatians, pp. 283–355.

III. The Chronology of the Apostolic Age. W. Sanday: The Gospels in the Second Century. LonRudolph Anger: De temporum in Actis Apostolodon, 1876. This is directed against the critical part of rum ratione. Lips. 1833 (208 pp.).

“Supernatural Religion.” The eighth chapter on Marcion’s Henry Browne: Ordo Saeculorum. A Treatise on Gnostic mutilation and reconstruction of St. Luke’s Gos- the Chronology of the Holy Scriptures. Lond. 1844. Pp. pel (pp. 204 sqq.) had previously appeared in the “Fort- 95–163. nightly Review” for June, 1875, and finishes on English Karl Wieseler: Chronologie des apostolischen Zeitsoil, a controversy which had previously been fought out alters. Göttingen, 1848 (606 pp.). on German soil, in the circle of the Tübingen School. The The older and special works are noticed in Wieseler, preposterous hypothesis of the priority of Marcion’s Gos- pp. 6–9. See also the elaborate Synopsis of the dates of pel was advocated by Ritschl, Baur and Schwegler, but the Apostolic Age in Schäffer’s translation of Lechler on refuted by Volkmar and Hilgenfeld, of the same school; Acts (in the Am. ed. of Lange’s Commentary); Henry B. whereupon Baur and Ritschl honorably abandoned their Smith’s Chronological Tables of Church History (1860); error. The anonymous author of “Supernatural Religion,” and Weingarten: Zeittafeln zur K-Gesch. 3d ed. 1888. in his seventh edition, has followed their example. The §21. General Character of the Apostolic Age. Germans conducted the controversy chiefly under its “Der Schlachtruf, der St. Pauli Brust entsprungen, historic and dogmatic aspects; Sanday has added the Rief nicht sein Echo auf zu tausend Streiten? philological and textual argument with the aid of HoltzUnd welch’ ein Friedensecho hat geklungen Durch mann’s analysis of the style and vocabulary of Luke. tausend Herzen von Johannis Saiten!

A. Hausrath (Prof. in Heidelberg): NeutestamentliWie viele rasche Feuer sind entglommen che Zeitgeschichte. Heidelberg, 1873 sqq. Parts II. and Als Wiederschein von Petri Funkensprühen! Und III. (second ed. 1875) embrace the apostolic times, Part sieht man Andre still mit Opfern kommen, Ist’s, weil sie IV. (1877) the post-apostolic times. English translation in Jakobi Schul’gediehen:—

by Poynting and Quenzer. Lond. 1878 sqq. H. belongs to Ein Satz ist’s, der in Variationen the School of Tübingen.

Vom ersten Anfang forttönt durch Aeonen.”

Dan. Schenkel (Prof. in Heidelberg): Das Christus(Tholuck.) bild der Apostel und der nachapostolischen Zeit. Leipz.

Extent and Environment of the Apostolic Age. 1879. Comp. the review by H. Holtzmann in Hilgenfeld’s The apostolic period extends from the Day of Pen“Zeitschrift für wissensch. Theol.” 1879, p. 392. tecost to the death of St. John, and covers about seventy H. Oort and I. Hooykaas: The Bible for Learners, years, from a.d. 30 to 100. The field of action is Palestine, translated from the Dutch by Philip H. Wicksteed, vol. and gradually extends over Syria, Asia Minor, Greece, III. (the New Test., by Hooykaas), Book III. pp. 463–693 and Italy. The most prominent centres are Jerusalem, of the Boston ed. 1879. (In the Engl. ed. it is vol. VI.) Antioch, and Rome, which represent respectively the This is a popular digest of the rationalistic Tübingen and mother churches of Jewish, Gentile, and United CathoLeyden criticism under the inspiration of Dr. A. Kuenen, lic Christianity. Next to them are Ephesus and Corinth.

Professor of Theology at Leyden. It agrees substantially Ephesus acquired a special importance by the residence with the Protestanten-Bibel noticed above. and labors of John, which made themselves felt during *George P. Fisher (Prof. in Yale College, New Haven): the second century through Polycarp and Irenaeus. SaThe Beginnings of Christianity. N. York, 1877. Comp. maria, Damascus, Joppa, Caesarea, Tyre, Cyprus, the