18 Trường THPT chuyên Hùng Vương – Gia Lai

59. The word "haven" in paragraph 7 is closest meaning to ………...

A. Beautiful art B. Safe place C. personal goal D. simple problem 60. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about exceptional musical ability?

A. It occurs more frequently in some cultures than in others.

B. It is evidence of a superior lever of intelligence in other areas,

C. It has been documented and studied but is little understood.

D. It is the result of natural talent and a supportive environment.

VI. CLOZE TESTS: (10 PTS) Rea d the texts below and decide which answer best Fits each space. PASSAGE 1:

There can be no doubt at all that the internet has made a huge difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too much time playing on the internet, hardly (61)………….doing anything else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are (62)………….to find out why the internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can be harmful to their children. Should parents worry if their children are spending that much time (63)…………. their computer?

Obviously, if children are bent over their computers for hours, (64)………….in some game, instead of doing their homework, then something is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child should (65)…………. of the internet, and the child should give his or her (66)…………. that it won’t interfere with the homework. If the child is not (67)…………. to this arrangement, the parents can take more drastic steps. Dealing with a child's use of the Internet is not much different from negotiating any other sort of bargain about behaviour.

Any parent who is seriously alarmed about a child’s behavior should make an appointment to discuss the matter with a teacher. Spending time in front of the screen does not (68)………….affect a child's performance at school. Even if a child is (69)…………. crazy about using the internet, he or she is probably just (70) …………. through a phase, and in a few months there will be something else to worry about! 61. A. always B. rarely C. never D. ever 62. A. worried B. concerned C. curious D. hopeful 63. A. staring at B. glancing at C. looking D. watching 64. A. supposed B. occupied C. interested D. absorbed 65. A. do B. have C. make D. create 66. A. word B. promise C. vow D. claim 67. A. holding B. sticking C. following D. accepting 68. A. possibly B. necessarily C. probably D. consequently 69. A. absolutely B. more C. quite D. a lot 70. A. going B. passing C. travelling D. walking

PASSAGE 2:

The PBT is a pencil and (71)……….. test that is offered for two purposes. One purpose of the PBT is for (72)………..and process evaluation. Colleges or other institutions use the PBT to test-their students. The scores are not valid outside of the place where they are (73)……….., but the college or institution accepts the PBT that they administered as an official score. This PBT is also (74) ……….. an Institution TOEFL. The (75) ……….. purpose of the PBT is (76)………..the official Computer-Based TOEFL in areas where computer-based testing is not possible. The scores are usually valid outside of the place where they are administered. This PBT is also called a Supplement TOEFL.

The Paper-Based TOEFL has three parts: Listening Comprehension, Structure and Written Expression, and Reading. (77)……….. , the TEST of Written English (TWE) is an essay that is required to provide a (78)………..score. The PBT is a (79)………..test, which means that everyone who takes the TOEFL during the same administration will see and answer the same questions. The (80)………..score is based on

335 a scale of 310-677. 71. A. note-paper B. letter C. draft D. paper 72. A. place B. placing C. placement D. placeability 73. A. administered B. managed C. controlled D. protected 74. A. called B. seemed C. considered D. appeared 75. A. some B. other C. another D. main 76. A. supplement B. to supplement C. supplementing D. supplemented 77. A. In other words B. On the other hand C. Besides D. In addition 78. A. reading B. speaking C. listening D. writing 79. A. style B. form C. standard D. linear 80. A. total B. final C. whole D. all

B. WRITTEN TEST (70 PTS) I. OPEN CLOZE TESTS (20 PTS) Read the texts below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE WORD for each space. CLOZE TEST 1:

Are you looking forward to another busy week? You should be according to some experts. They argue that the stress encountered in our daily lives is not only good for us, but (1) ............. . to survival. They say that the response to stress, which creates a chemical called adrenalin, helps the mind and body to act quickly in emergencies. Animals and human beings use it to meet the hostile (2)............. .which exist on the planet.

Whilst nobody denies the pressures of everyday life, what is surprising is that we are yet to (3). ........... successful ways of dealing with them. Even the experts consider the current strategies to be inadequate and often dangerous. They believe that instead of trying to manage our (4)............. . to stress with drugs or relaxation techniques, we must exploit it. Apparently, research shows that people who create conditions of stress for (5)...............by doing exciting and risky sports or looking for challenges, cope much better with life’s problems. Activities of this type have been shown to create a lot of emotion; people may actually cry or feel extremely (6 )............... But there is a point at which they realise they have succeeded and know that it was a positive experience. This is because we learn through (7)................ and difficulty. That’s how we get our wisdom. Few of us, (8 )............. . understand this fact. For example, many people believe they (9)............... from stress at work, and take time off as a result. Yet it has been found in some companies that by far the healthiest people are those with the most responsibility. So next time you’re in a (10)........... . situation, just remember that it will be a positive learning experience and could also benefit your health!

CLOZE TEST 2:

The issue of fate or free will is a very controversial one and has been debated (11) .............. the beginning of the fifth century. The question was first addressed by Saint Augustine. Is man’s existence (12)........... ...by fate or by free will?

Belief in free will is based on the conviction that humans have a hand in shaping their own lives and, therefore, are ultimately responsible for their own actions. This theory, called existentialism, was derived from the ideas of a Danish philosopher and later made popular by a French writer. The theory (13)........... man as a unique and isolated individual in a violent and (14)...............world, able to choose his own destiny.

On the other side of the coin, the theory of predestination is based on the belief that everything which happens has been (15)............... by God and that man is not able to change it. So, the fork in the road of life seemingly offering man a choice between two very different paths, may not exist in reality. If this is true, can man be held responsible for his actions? If choices are beyond our (16) ............ , are we wasting endless hours of our time trying to come to a decision that has already been made for us? Can the man who murders his neighbour be (17) ............... for doing so simply because he had no choice?

In trying to answer these kinds of questions, many philosophies have developed compromises between the two (18)...............One such theory developed in the seventeenth century (19)............... that human actions are formed according to past experiences but that through the use of imagination and reason man can turn these past experiences into foresight, therefore allowing him to shape his future.

Whatever theories are formed, the controversial (20)............... remains for public debate even today. But, perhaps, simply by choosing to believe in the philosophy of fate or that of free will, man is in fact creating his own life. Existentialism or predestination - which do you choose to believe in?

II. WORD FORMS: (20 PTS) PART 1: Give the correct forms of the words in brackets. 1. He left us with the .................. impression that we had been speaking to a future leader. (ERADICATE) 2. At college I became a social.............. ...... because I didn’t like going out in the evenings. (FIT) 3. I'm looking for a travel insurance policy that will cover me for any.................... (EVENT) 4. He has abandoned all ambition to become president and is now ..................wholly by altruism. (ACTUAL) 5. Of course there were some................... problems along the way but eventually we got the project finished. (LOOK) 6. Every attempt is being made to ensure that these works of art are preserved for ....... .......... (POST) 7. He’s been nominated for..................thanks to his diligence and professionalism. (PREFER) 8. Can’t believe her car can be so.................... refuelling once every two days, how costly! (PETROL) 9. The vigorous exercises are designed to be.................. ....Participants will feel energetic and lifelike after taking them. (TENSE) 10. Many MBA courses are highly theoretical, esoteric and impractical, instead of being ................. .as they should. (BUSINESS)

PART 2: Complete the passage with appropriate forms from the words given in the box.

appetite believe create deny fish marvel mix origin resist resource

The English are famous for talking about the weather but listen to any Italian conversation and it will normally be about cookery.

One of the most famous Italian sauces is pesto. Made from a (11)............... of garlic, basil, pine nuts, cheese and olive oil, it is (12)............... delicious. We all buy it from the supermarket, but you have to try the (13)................. from its home, Genoa, to really experience it. The word pesto means ‘to pound’ and it is the action of the pestle and mortar which is all important for this (14)............... sauce. Along with the best basil and local olive oil, the pesto makers of Genoa use their wrist action to make an (15)................ pale, luscious green sauce. Genoans really take their pesto seriously, and the (16)................... of the Knights of the Confraternity of authentic pesto makers shows this. If you want to sample their cuisine, go to Genoa as I did. I visited a (17)...................village called Vernazza. Sitting in a trattoria in the harbour, the (18)....... smell of fish frying wafted over us as we tried, amongst other things, a kind of pesto called salsa di noce. It was a true culinary delight, made with the (19)................... of past Italians who couldn’t afford meat. It may sound (20) ... ............... to those of you who want meat in a meal, but you would be mad to forgo it.

III. ERROR IDENTIFICATION (10 PTS) Identify 10 errors in the following passage and correct them.

With Europe facing the more serious flu epidemic in years, the World Health Organisation is warning the public, specially the sick and elderly, to do an innoculation now.

Health experts warn that this winter’s breakthrough could be as severe as the 1989 epidemic, which killed 25,000 people in Britain only.

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WHO has stressed the importance of vaccination, and several countries are already taking precautions to ensure that those at high-risk categories, such as diabetics and those with heart or lung complaints, are vaccinated.

Nearly all previous strains of ‘flu are known to originate in China and the Far East, and whereas in the past infection spreading slow across the world, in these days of mass air travel rapid global infection is a great threat.

Sweden has reported cases of para-influenza, effecting mainly children, and Danish doctors had recorded 1,500 cases of flu in the past week. 1………………. 2………………. 3………………. 4………………. 5………………. 6………………. 7………………. 8………………. 9………………. 10……………...

IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20pts) Rewrite the sentences so that they mean almost the same as the ones before them. 1. No real sportsman wants to be suspected of crowing over his opponents’ misfortunes. → Exulting………………………………………………………………………………... 2. Of all the myths of the Welfare State, stories of the work-shy have been the least well-founded on evidence. → There is less …………………………………………………………………………… 3. After strong pressure from Labour councillors, the Council agreed to reconsider the road plan. → The Council was ……………………………………………………………………… 4. Kip Keino wasn’t just the first African international mile winner, he was a national symbol. → Not……………………………………………………………………………….......... 5. Sam was really anxious, waiting to see if he had got a place in the cricket team. (TENTERHOOKS) → Sam was ………………………………………………………………………………. 6. The heir to the family fortune was eventually found to be an impostor. (EXPOSED) → The heir………………………………………………………………………………... 7. He claimed my point was not relevant to the proceedings. (DISMISSED) → He ……………………………………………………………………………….......... 8. So completely incompetent was that secretary that we lost heaps of invoices. (RANK) → Such………………………………………………………………………………........ 9. A lot of the country’s two million unemployed will probably never work again. (MANY) → There are two million………………………………………………………………….. 10. It was difficult to understand her colleagues overt hostility towards her proposal. (OPENLY) → That her colleagues……………………………………………………………………..

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (40pts) I. WORD CHOICE (5 pts) Select the option that best fits each blank. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the box for answers . 1. His strange behavior aroused the ………… of police.

A. doubt B. suspicion C. disbelief D. notice 2. Media reports on the outcome of military intervention of ten………… the true facts.

A. divert B. detract C. depose D. distort 3. The day their first child was born, the new parents were…………with joy.

A. overthrown B. over powered C. overtaken D. overcome 4. Companies are joining forces with government s in Africa to ………… regional campaigns against malaria.

A. fabricate B. originate C. mount D. produce 5. The authorities have………… their original decision to allow development of this rural area.

A. dispensed B. detached C. refrained D. revoked 6. The integrity of a marine ecosystem could be…………due to the impact of coastal reclamation.

A. compromised B. conceded C. conciliated D. confronted 7. The renewed interest in Elizabethan times is evident in the ………… of new Hollywood films set during that period.

A. spate B. hypocrisy C. transience D. demise 8. The car was………… speed.

A. gathering B. collecting C. consuming D. firing 9. Lack of rain early in the season means that the field…………a poor crop.

A. surrendered B. yielded C. generated D. suffered 10. I hope you won’t take…………if I tell the truth.

A. annoyance B. resentment C. offence D. irritation

II. STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR: (5pts) Select the option that best fits each blank. Write your answers (A, B, C, or D) in the box for answers. 1. ………… knowledge about gen etic diseases has increased is welcome news.

A. That scientific B. It was scientific C. Though scientific D. Science 2. I’ll be kind to her…………she decides to leave me.

A. in case B. whereas C. so as not D. lest 3 …………often serve as places of public entertainment and festivals, they can also be places where people can find peace and solitude .

A. Even though city parks B. City parks

C. City parks that D. There are city parks which 4. “I’m totally broke. Have you got any money on you?” - “…………. at all.”

A. Not B. None C. Nothing D. No 5. Professor Lockwood recommended that Michael………….in chemistry.

A. not major B. not to major C. wouldn’t major D. isn’t majoring 6. …………., one tin will last for at least six weeks.

A. Used economical B. Using economical

C. Used economically D. Using economically 7. A new generation of performers,………….those who by now had become a household name, honed their skills before following the same path onto television.

A. no less talented than B. along with talented as

C. together with talented as D. having been more talented than 8. We all wished to be treated…………..

A. as equal B. as equally C. as equals D. as equal as

339 9. ………….the US superiority at that time, it was probable that any threatened US response would have deterred the Soviet Union.

A. If B. Given C. Although D. Since 10. She ………….fainted when she heard that her son had died.

A. rather than B. nothing but C. all but D. near

III. PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS (5pts) Select the option that best fits each blank. Write your answers (A, B, C , or D) in the box for answers. 1. Half of Martha’s class has ………….influenza.

A. got down to B. come up with C. come down with D. gone down with 2. The new record will appeal to older listeners, but I don’t think it will catch………….among younger pop fans.

A. up B. in C. for D. on 3. Please remember to keep a copy for yourself as we cannot return copies,………….of whether or not they are published.

A. in view B. irrespective C. because D. on account 4. Her success went………….her expectation.

A. beyond B. over C. beneath D. above 5. Our holiday plans fell………….due to lack of money.

A. for B. by C. over D. through 6. Do you mind if I………….with my work while you are getting tea ready?

A. get through B. turn to C. carry-out D. carry on 7. At first the children enjoyed the game but quite soon………….the novelty.

A. wore off B. went off C. died out D. died down 8. When Helen and Andrew saw how ridiculous they looked………….laughing.

A. came round B. broke in C. burst out D. flowed over 9. She is always………….her friends behind their backs. She won’t have any friends left.

A. falling out B. breaking off C. putting off D. running down 10. Rosa certainly………….her mother in her devil-may-care approach to life.

A. complies with B. calms down C. takes after D. cares for

IV. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS (5pts) Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the correct word (A-D). 1 . Not getting the promotion felt like a real kick in the ................. as I’d put in so much hard work for the company.

A. head B. teeth C. leg D. back 2. Could somebody please help me as I am at the end of my ..... ......... over next door’s barking dog.

A. tether B. leash C. lead D. rope 3. I hope readers have enjoyed this article and that it has offered some………….for thought.

A. bread B. dough C. food D. grains 4. I went………….on a limb for you, and this is how you thank me!

A. off B. out C. away D. back 5. He ran up three flights of stairs and wasn't the slightest bit out of breath even though he’s no …………. chicken.

A. spring B. young C. fresh D. baby 6. The two young fighters fought toe to toe and both showed………….determination.

A. grim B. strong C. harsh D. mean 7. I would like to welcome you all on this auspicious…………., the 25th anniversary of the founding of our company.

A. occasion B. moment C. meeting D. gathering

8. As a conservative………….I think we need to put aside £4,000 for the wedding.

A. forecast B. approximation C. guess D. estimate 9. Both parents were unemployed and the family had a …...........lifestyle.

A. cautious B. frugal C. careful D. tight 10. The car screeched to a ………….at the junction and two men jumped out and ran down the street.

A. halt B. stop C. end D. standstill

V. READING COMPREH ENSION PART 1. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D) to each of the questions. Write your answers in the numbered box. (5pts)

Even with his diverse experience as an elected official at the state level, Andrew Johnson was the first president of the United States ever to be impeached, primarily because of his violent temper and unyielding stubbornness. His career started in 1828 with his collection to the city council of Greenville, Tennessee, and after two years as an alderman, he took office as mayor. His advancements followed in rapid succession when he was elected to the Tennessee state senate, then as the state governor, and later to the US House of Representatives for five consecutive terms.

In 1864, Johnson ran for the office of vice-president on the Lincoln-Johnson ticket and was inaugurated in 1865. After Lincoln’s assassination six weeks into his term, Johnson found himself president at a time when southern leaders were concerned about their forced alliance with the northern states and feared retaliation for their support of the secession. Instead, however, with the diplomatic skill he had learned from Lincoln, Johnson offered full pardon to almost all Confederates on the condition that they take an oath of allegiance. He further reorganized the former Confederate states and set up legislative elections.

Congressional opposition to his peace-making policies resulted in gridlock between the House and Johnson, and the stalemate grew into an open conflict on the issue of the emancipation of slaves. While Johnson held the view that newly freed slaves lacked understanding and knowledge of civil liberties to vote intelligently, Congress overrode Johnson’s veto of the Civil Rights Bill, which awarded them citizenship and ratified the Fourteenth Amendment. In the years that followed, Congress passed bills depriving the president of the power to pardon political criminals, stripping away his status of commander-in-chief, and taking away Johnson’s right to dismiss civil and executive officers from their duties. Johnson vetoed each bill, and each veto was overridden. When Johnson dismissed the secretary of war, Edwin Stanton, Stanton refused to step down and was supported by the House of Representatives, which voted to impeach Johnson. At the trial, the Senate came one vote short of the two-thirds majority necessary to remove him from office. After Johnson’s term expired, he returned to his home state, but in 1875 he was elected senator and went back to Washington to take his seat. 1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Andrew Johnson’s personal characteristics

B. Andrew Johnson’s career as a politician

C. Congressional decisions in the late 1800s

D. Congressional decisions and procedures in the late 1800s 2. The phrase “took office” is closest in meaning to………….

A. moved into an office B. became an official

C. began a government job D. rearranged the office 3. What can be inferred from the first paragraph about Andrew Johnson’s work in Tennessee?

A. His personality precluded him from important positions.

B. His work became known to the governor.

C. He was elected to several important posts.

D. He was represented to the posts five times. 4. According to the passage, what led to Johnson’s downfall?

A. The state of the nation’s economy B. His liberal position on slavery

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C. His personal characteristics D. His waffling and hesitation 5. The author of the passage implies that when Johnson became president he .

A. was a dedicated supporter of civil rights

B. was a soft-spoken and careful diplomat

C. had an extensive background in politics

D. had already experienced political turmoil 6. According to the passage, at the beginning of John son’s term as president southerners were…………..

A. expected to secede from the union B. apprehensive about their future

C. singled out as scapegoats D. afraid of his violent temper 7. According to the passage, Congress’s disapproval of Andrew Johnson’s policies was…………..

A. short-lived and groundless B. detrimental to his presidency

C. directed at his civic duties D. stopped as soon as it emerged 8. The word “pardon” is closest in meaning to…………..

A. parade B. patronize C. exonerate D. extricate 9. The author of the passage implies that the Stanton affair proved the president’s…………..

A. lack of stamina B. lack of electoral vote

C. loss of willpower D. loss of authority 10. According to the passage, the attempt to impeach Andrew Johnson…………..

A. succeeded as expected by the House

B. failed by a minimal margin

C. put an end to his political career

D overwhelmed his supporters in Tennessee

PART 2. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D) to each of the questions. Write your answers in the numbered box. (5pts)

Very few people, groups, or governments oppose globalization in its entirety. Instead, critics of globalisation believe aspects of the way globalisation operates should be changed. The debate over globalisation is about what the best rules are for governing the global economy so that its advantages can grow while its problems can be solved.

On one side of this debate are those who stress the benefits of removing barriers to international trade and investment, allowing capital to be allocated more efficiently and giving consumers greater freedom of choice.

With free-market globalisation, investment funds can move unimpeded from the rich countries to the developing countries. Consumers can benefit from cheaper products because reduced taxes make goods produced at low cost from faraway places cheaper to buy. Producers of goods gain by selling to a wider market. More competition keens sellers on their toes and allows ideas and new technology to spread and benefit others.

On the other side of the debate are critics who see neo-liberal policies as producing greater poverty, inequality, social conflict, cultural destruction, and environmental damage. They say that the most developed nations - the United States, Germany, and Japan - succeeded not because of free trade but because of protectionism and subsidies. They argue that the more recently successful economies of South Korea, Taiwan, and China all had strong state-led development strategies that did not follow neoliberalism. These critics think that government encouragement of “infant industries” - that is, industries that are just beginning to develop - enables a country to become internationally competitive.

Furthermore, those who criticise the Washington Consensus suggest that the inflow and outflow of money from speculative investors must be limited to prevent bubbles. These bubbles are characterised by the. rapid inflow of foreign funds that bid up domestic stock markets and property values. When the economy cannot sustain such expectations, the bubbles burst as investors panic and pull their money out of the country.

Protests by what is called the anti-globalisation movement are seldom directed against globalisation

itself but rather against abuses that harm the rights of workers and the environment. The question raised by nongovernmental organisations and protesters at WTO and IMF gatherings is whether globalisation will result in a rise of living standards or a race to the bottom as competition takes the form of lowering living standards and undermining environmental regulations.

One of the key problems of the 21st century will be determining to what extent markets should be regulated to promote fair competition, honest dealing, and fair distribution of public goods on a global scale. 1. It is stated in the passage that ………….

A. critics of globalisation say that the successful economies are all in Asia scale.

B. the protests of globalisation are directed against globalisation itself

C. supporters of globalisation stress the benefits of removing trade barriers

D. the United States, Germany, and Japan succeeded in helping infant 2. Supporters of free-market globalisation point out that ………….

A. investment will be allocated only to rich countries

B. taxes that are paid on goods will be increased

C. there will be less competition among producers

D. consumers can benefit from cheaper products 3. The word “allocated ” in the passage mostly means…………..

A. distributed B. solved C. removed D. offered 4. The phrase “keens sellers on their toes” in the passage mostly means………….

A. prevents sellers from selling new products

B. forces sellers to go bare-footed

C. makes sellers responsive to any changes

D. allows sellers to stand on their own feet 5. According to critics of globalisation, several developed countries have become rich because of……….

A. their help to developing countries B. their neo-liberal policies

C. their protectionism and subsidies D. their prevention of bubbles 6. The word “undermining” in the passage mostly means………….

A. obeying B. making less effective

C. observing D. making more effective 7. Infant industries mentioned in the passage are …………..

A. young companies B. development strategies

C. young industries D. successful economies 8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Critics believe the way globalisation operates should be changed.

B. The anti-globalisation movement was set up to end globalisation.

C. Hardly anyone disapproves of globalisation in its entirety.

D. Some Asian countries had strong state-led economic strategies. 9. The debate over globalisation is about how …………..

A. to spread ideas and strategies for globalisation

B. to govern the global economy for the benefit of the community

C. to use neo-liberal policies for the benefit of the rich countries

D. to terminate globalisation in its entirety 10. The author seems to be …………. lowering living standards and undermining environmental regulations.

A. supportive of B. pessimistic about C. indifferent to D. opposed to

VI. CLOZE TEST PART 1. Select the option which best fits each space in the following passage. Write your answers (A, B, C or D) in the box provided. (5pts)

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Greenhouse gases arise from a wide range of sources and their increasing concentration is largely related to the compound effects of increased population, improved living standards and changes in lifestyle. From a current base of 5 billion, the United Nations predicts that the global population may stabilize in the twenty-first century between 8 and 14 billion, with more than 90 percent of the (1)………….increase place in the world’s developing nations. The (2)………….activities to support that growth, particularly to produce the required energy and food, will cause further increases in greenhouse gas emissions. The challenge, therefore, is to attain a (3)…………. balance between population, economic growth and the environment.

The major greenhouse gas emissions from human our activities are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane and nitrous oxide. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are the only major (4)………….to the greenhouse effect that does not occur naturally, coming from such sources as refrigeration, plastics and manufacture. Coal’s total contribution to greenhouse gas emissions is thought to be about. 18 per cent, with about half of this coming from (5)………….generation.

The worldwide coal industry allocates extensive resources to researching and developing new technologies and ways capturing greenhouse gases. (6)………….are likely to be improved dramatically, and hence CO2 emissions reduced, through combustion and gasification techniques which are now at (7)…………. and demonstration stages.

Clean coal is another avenue for improving fuel conversion efficiency. Investigations are under (8)………….into super-clean coal (35 percent ash) and ultraclean coal (less than 1 per cent ash). Superclean coal has the potential to enhance the combustion efficiency of conventional stabilized fuel power plants. Ultraclean coal will enable coal to be used and in (9)………….power systems such as coal-fired gas turbines which, when (10)………….in combined cycle, have the potential to achieve much greater efficiencies. 1. A intended B. projected C. wanted D. calculated 2. A remarkable B. major C. associated D. mutual 3. A reachable B. sustainable C. eligible D. visual 4. A substance B. contributor C. chemical D. emission 5. A electronic B. electric C. electrical D. electricity 6. A Influences B. Results C. Efficiencies D. Consequences 7. A pilot B. launch C. experiment D. beginning 8. A experiment B. development C. way D. progress 9. A electrified B. developed C. advanced D. controlled 10. A involved B. operated C. managed D. made

PART 2. Select the option which best fits each space in the following passage. Write your answers (A, B, C or D) in the box provided. (5pts)

In 1830, there were under 100 miles of public railway in Britain. Yet within 20 years, this figure had grown to more than 5000 miles. By the end of the century, almost enough rail track to (1)……….the world covered this small island, (2)………….the nature of travel forever and contributing to the industrial revolution that changed the (3)………….of history in many parts of the world.

Wherever railways were introduced, economic and social progress quickly (4)………….. In a single day, rail passengers could travel hundreds of miles, (5)………….previous journey times by huge margins and bringing rapid travel within the (6) ………….of ordinary people. Previously, many people had never ventured beyond the outskirts of their town and villages. The railway brought them greater freedom and enlightenment.

In the 19th century, the railway in Britain (7)………….something more than just the business of carrying goods passengers. Trains were associated with romance, adventure and, frequently, (8)…………. luxury. But the railways did more than revolutionized travel; they also (9)………….. a distinctive and permanent mark on the British landscape. Whole towns and industrial centers (10)………….up around major rail junctions, monumental bridges and viaducts crossed rivers and valleys and the railway stations

themselves became desirable places to spend time between journeys. 1. A. revolve B. enclose C. encircle D. orbit 2. A. altering B. amending C. adapting D. adjusting 3. A. route B. way C. line D. course 4. A. pursued B. followed C. succeeded D. chased 5. A. cancelling B. subtracting C. cutting D. abolishing 6. A. reach B. capacity C. facility D. hold 7. A. served B. functioned C. represented D. performed 8. A. considerable B. generous C. plentiful D. sizeable 9. A. laid B. set C. settled D. left 10. A. jumped B. stood C. burst D. sprang

B. WRITTEN TASKS (70pts) I. OPEN CLOZE TEST (20pts) PART 1. Fill each gap with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in the box provided. CUSTOMER RIGHTS

I once called over the wine waiter in an expensive restaurant to tell him that I thought the wine I had ordered was off. (1)………… the mere suggestion that something might be wrong, he became most unpleasant (2)………… reluctantly tasted it, however, he immediately apologized and brought another bottle. It helped that 1 knew I was legally (3………… the right. (4) ………… in a restaurant or a bar, the food or drink must be fit for human consumption and of a quality that you are entitled to expect in an establishment of that category. (5)………… the customer, you have considerable rights. The menu, for example, is a vital legal document and a restaurant can be fined up to $5000 (6)…………it fail to display one outside or immediately inside the door. Potential customers have the right to know in advance what they are committing (7)………… to and it is an offence (8)………… the Trade Descriptions Act for any establishment to give a false description of its food. Everything must be (9)………… it claims to be and in cases where it is not, you should complain. Fresh fruit salad must only consist of fresh, (10)……… tinned, fruit, Pâté maison must be made on premises. The same principle applies to wine. If you are brought a vintage different form that stated on the wine list, send it back.

PART 2. Fill each gap with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in the box provided. A MODERN-DAY PROBLEM

In the hustle and (1)………… of today’s fast -and-(2)………… world all of us, without exception, have to contend with some level of stress. It goes without (3)…………that the source and amount of stress are relative to the individual. Just as causes and quantities of stress are subject to personal factors, (4)…… is the way in which a person deals with. It is (5)…………knowledge that some people flourish if faced with a potentially stress-causing task or situation. On the other hand, the majority of people are (6)……… affected when confronted with a serious dilemma. Abnormal levels of stress can be a serious health hazard and may prove detrimental to one's physical health. Stress is said to be the (7)………… in a high percentage of heart problems and stomach disorders. Even certain types of cancer are, day malady which we all, to a greater or lesser (8) …………, suffer from, has (9) ………… many to begin looking seriously at ways of controlling stress. Owing to the inevitable fact that stress will always play a part in our lives, it is of (10)………… importance that strategies of stress management be found.

II. WORD FORM (20pts) PART 1. Use the right form of the words given in capitals to complete the sentences below. Write your answers in the box provided. 1. If this theory is correct, then it is …………. that we will be able to cure all diseases in the foreseeable future. (VISION)

345 2. They were divorced because there was nothing she could do to make her husband change. He was such a(n)………….flirt. (RIGHT) 3. It is concluded from the tale The Magic Cross-bow: The Story of My Chau and Trong Thuy that the rights of individuals should be………….to those of society as a whole. (SERVE) 4. According to the government figures, the………….of jobs in the next century will be in service-related fields, such as health and business. (PONDER) 5. Though many parties regarded his behavior as a(n)…………. , the public still had much faith in his ability to become a leader. (ERR) 6. The decision to close the local hospital caused such a public …………. that the authorities decided to re- examine their options and keep it open. (CRY) 7. She gave her son quite a few ………….for playing truant. (TELL) 8. You should avoid those journalists. They are just………….only distressing and prying into your private life. (CHIEF) 9. Those who made this dress are going to be………….designers. They are nothing but awesome! (TREND) 10. At first we thought the plan would be a flop, but it turned out to be a(n)………….success. (DREAM)

PART 2: Fill in each blank with the correct form of one appropriate word in the box. Use each word only ONCE and write your answer in the numbered box.

close follow look mock print topic delete inflate minute present

FAKE IT ON FACEBOOK

New research from the University of Helsinki has shown that even the smallest of tweaks to your Facebook profile can convince (l) that you are more confident, open- minded and attractive than you really are. Here are six steps to set you on the right course. 1. Make a new profile photo

Dozens of studies have shown how initial meetings create stubborn (2)……….. that are difficult to scrub out. Profile pictures which included social cues (i.e. you holding a guitar or playing tennis: something that demonstrates who you are) were seen by others as being more socially and physically attractive. 2. Pick your friends carefully “A person is known by the company they keep”. People online are very responsive to the types of comments that others make on your photo and your profile in general. These should validate your online (3)……….. or readers may smell a rat. It's better to get rid of any silly or sarcastic comments. 3. Don’t seem shallow

A research from Michigan State University found five (4)……….. of almost identical Facebook profiles, and then showed to participants, asking them how attractive the profiles were. The only difference was the number of friends displayed (102-902). Profiles with 302 friends were considered the most socially attractive to others. A(n) (5)……….. number of friends, though, is just one way in which we might exaggerate who we really know and what we’re really like. Even though you could be anyone online, most people display their real selves - and that’s what they’ll expect from others. 4. Keep (some of) your inhibitions

While it’s probably no bad thing to display your true personality and tell people about who you are and what you’re interested in, be aware that the internet is not as anonymous as it feels. First impressions are near (6)……….., so it’s worth remembering that those pictures of you at 3am on St Patrick’s Day might not be showing your best side. 5. Fill your profile

Those who completed their user profile, including things like location and web address, as well as

providing a longer description, generally attracted more followers. Other users tend to respond positively to these little (7)……….., just like in an offline conversation when you share something personal with another person, it brings you slightly closer together. 6. Inform, don’t “meform”

With social media the temptation is to go on about yourself. The mechanism of loads of little updates seems perfect for relating the (8)………..of everyday life. The problem with being a ‘meformer’ is there’s only a limited audience who are interested in hearing about you and your activities, and you won’t stand out. For more success on social networks, you’ve got to fill at least some of your tweets or updates with some juicy information. So if you want to increase (9)………..then you’ve got to find your informational niche and demonstrate that you’ll feed them with fascinating.(10)……….. stuff.

III. ERROR IDENTIFICATIO N (10pts) There are 10 mistakes in spelling or use of English in the text. Underline the mistakes and correct them in the box below.

Skiing is one of the most popular sports in the world. According to recent estimation, about one hundred millions of people ski regularly or occasionally.

Sliding across the snow on skis is also one of the most ancient methods of transport known to the man. It has demonstrated that men were already traveling across the snow by means of primitive skis before the invention of the wheel. In the Asiatic region of Altai and in Scandinavia, for example, the remains of skis have been found which dated back to 4,000 BC. Further evidence is supplied by ancient cave paintings which depict people skiing, and a Norway saga which tells the story of an invasion of its territory 8,000 years ago by a tribe of skiers who came from the north.

Nowadays, skiing, apart from a sport, has become a big industry and a notable feature of leisure culture. Ski resorts and all the activity that they generate is the main source of wealth in many mountain regions, which were previously remote and accessible. And far from its once elitist image, skiing is now enjoyed by an increasingly broader spectra of society. 1……………… 2……………… 3……………… 4……………… 5……………… 6……………… 7……………… 8……………… 9……………… 10……………..

IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20pts) PART 1. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence printed before it. 1. He seems to find the way Mimi behaves more a source of amusement than embarrassment. - Far from…………………………………………………………………………amused by it. 2. It was not until 5 years has elapsed that the whole truth about the murder came out. - Not for…………………………………………………………………………… 3. The only reason why she got promotion is that she is very competent. - Were it ………………………………………………………………………….. 4. There is grave concern about confirmed cases of cholera that originated in the makeshift shelters. - Of………………………………………………………………………………..

PART 2. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. 1. What has this experience taught you? - What conclusions …………………………………………………………………………? 2. She gets bored quickly at parties because there is so much trivial conversation. (SMALL) - Too much…………………………………………………………………………………. 3. I think that my parents cope calmly with everything I do. (STRIDE)

347 - I’m under………………………………………………………………………………... 4. He indicated quite clearly that he would do anything to obtain the contract. (LENGTHS) - He gave …………………………………………………………………………………. 5. Nowadays I consider casual friendships to be far less important than I used to. (STORE) - Nowadays I don’t ……………………………………………………………………….. 6. I’m afraid that negotiations for a settlement are completely impossible. (WHATSOEVER) - I’m afraid that there………………………………………………………………………

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE I. WORD CHOICE Choose the best options to complete the following sentences. 1. His efforts, though futile, are still…………

A. refined B. intimidated C. pious D. commendable 2. The vegetation on the island was…………

A. exuberant B. chivalrous C. overcast D. ingenious 3. Ronald had the ................to blame his teachers for his failure.

A. concern B. chivalry C. regard D. audacity 4. Many poets have…………the beauties of the countryside.

A. extolled B. feared C. excited D. inhibited 5. The plague, otherwise known as the Black Death, was a .............. disease.

A. contingent B. contiguous C. contagious D. congenial 6. It was obvious that the child suffered from a serious speech …………

A. handicap B. hindrance C. inhibition D. impediment 7. His heavy boots..............him at work.

A. repelled B. stemmed C. hampered D. compelled 8. His driving license has been............. on the grounds of drink driving.

A. repealed B. revoked C. nullified D. recalled 9. Mary is a (n ).............. liar. She was even arrested for lying to a police officer

A. physical B. congenital C. naive D. abnormal 10. The Prime Minister will decide whether to release the prisoner or not; that’s his ..............

A. prerogative B. derogatory C. abdication D. humanity

II. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES Choose the best options to complete the following sentences. 1 ................the town posted notices urging people to boil their water.

A. The pollution of the municipal well having been discovered,

B. The municipal well's pollution being discovered,

C. After discovering pollution in the municipal well,

D. When having made the discovery of the pollution of the water in the municipal well; 2 ................. to Rose is unclear, but the letter would definitely have given her morale a boost.

A. That Charles in fact sent the e-mail

B. Whether in reality Charles sent the e-mail or did not

C. The actuality of the sending of the e-mail by Charles

D. Whether Charles in fact sent the e-mail or did not 3. An event in Richard’s life story that moved me greatly was................

A. when he was separated from the family

B. his separation from the family

C. when he and the family were separated

D. the separating from the family 4. Not all athletes who ................... in a sport can be assured of a place on an Olympic team.

A. are highly motivated or significantly talented

B. have high motivation or are significantly talented

C. have either high motivation or else talent in significant amounts

D. are highly motivated or who have significant talent instead 5. Nuclear waste disposal is a growing problem ............ ...

A. considering that no state permits radioactive material transported on its roads or to bury it inside its borders

349 B. considering that no state permits neither radioactive material transported on its roads or buried inside its borders

C. because no state permits radioactive material transported on its roads or buried inside its borders

D. because no state will permit radioactive material not only to be carried on its roads but in addition also buried inside its borders 6. To celebrate the 100th anniversary of the college,................

A. honoring those alumni who had graduated fifty years ago

B. ceremonies for graduates of fifty years ago were held in honor of these alumni

C. alumni graduating fifty years ago received honors

D. alumni who had graduated fifty years ago were honored 7. Carbon dioxide may be absorbed by trees or water bodies, or it may stay in the atmosphere when.................... while it is only in the atmosphere that clorofluorocarbons find the home.

A. cars that release emissions B. released from car emissions

C. by releasing emissions from cars D. emissions are released by cars 8. In the eastern part of New Jersey....................... a major shipping and manufacturing center.

A. around the city of Elizabeth lies B. the city of Elizabeth lies there

C. there lies the city of Elizabeth around D. lies the city of Elizabeth 9.................... parrots are native to tropical region is untrue.

A. Since all B. That all C. Why all D. All 10. Good erasers are soft enough not to damage paper................ they crumble gradually when used.

A. so hard are they B. and hard enough so that

C. and they are so hard that D. but hard enough so that

III. PH RASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS Choose the best options to complete the following sentences. 1. If a child knows that he can never.................. a bad behavior, then he is less likely to do it.

A. make out B. put through C. keep up D. get away with 2. My mother always told me that I should .............. the things I believe in, regardless of how others perceive them.

A. stand up for B. get on with C. put up with D. come up to 3. The doctor told him to keep ..............sweets and chocolate to lose weight.

A. up B. at C. off D. back 4. Some of our volunteers would ............... for teachers in the event of a strike.

A. act up B. fill in C. fit in D. work out 5. She got a bit hot............... the collar when a colleague started criticizing her work.

A. under B. on C. beyond D. from 6. She bought ..............the deal even though nobody thought she was capable of doing it.

A. in B. down C. out D. off 7. Let’s find a place where we can ............. the storm.

A. wait out B. wear off C. shrug off D. pull through 8. The boss was away, so his assistant had to ..............him and make a speech.

A. make off with B. do away with C. stand in for D. take up on 9. Beaches were ..............as police searched for canisters for toxic waste from the damaged ship.

A. sealed off B. cut off C. washed up D. kept out 10. I thought she was being serious, but she was only having me ................

A. up B. on C. over D. round

IV. COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS Choose the best options to complete the following sentences. 1. It ..............that the best way to learn to speak a foreign language is to practice using it.