IN COOPERATION
Elkin Valley Trails Association Friends of the Mountains-To-Sea Trail North Carolina Division of Parks & Recreation Sauratown Trails Association Town of Pilot Mountain Town of Elkin Piedmont Land Conservancy
Chris Knopf, County Manager
Daniel White, Director of Parks & Recreation
Eddie Harris, Chairman
Van Tucker, Vice-Chairman
Bill Goins
Larry Johnson
Mark Marion
Jason Taylor, Chairperson
Bob Hillyer, Board Member, Trail Development
Bill Blackley, Board Member, Planning
Brent Laurenz, Executive Director
Jim Grode, Trail Resource Manager
Emily Grogan, Vice President
Steven Mierisch, Liaison Officer
Smith Raynor, State Trails Planner
Nick Bowman, Park Ranger, Pilot Mountain State Park
Chet Tomlinson, Park Ranger, Pilot Mountain State Park
Scott Needham, Commissioner
Adam McComb, Director of Parks & Recreation
Palmer McIntyre, Environmental Planner
Mary Rosa, Piedmont Legacy Trails Coordinator
CHAPTER
INTRODUCTION 01
CHAPTER 4:
Map 01: Mountains-to-Sea State Trail 03
Map 02: Study Area Context 13
Map 03: Study Area #1 Analysis 30
Map 04: Study Area #2 Analysis 32
Map 05 : Study Area #3 Analysis 33
Map 06: Landowner Sentiment 39
Map 07: Planning Sections Map 48
Map 08: Section 1 Recommendatios 51
Map 09: Section 2 Recommendations 55
Map 10: Section 3 Recommendations 59
Map 11: Pilot Mountain - Ararat River Loop 61
Exhibit 01: Yadkin River State Trail 12
Exhibit 02: Fisher River 19
Exhibit 03: Piedmont Landscape 21
Exhibit 04: Surry County Wine Trail 23
Exhibit 05: Pilot Mountain State Park 25
Exhibit 06: Historic Village of Rockford 27
Exhibit 07: Carolina Heritage Vineyard & Winery 52
Exhibit 08: Rural Greenway 53
Exhibit 09: Rockford General Store 56
Exhibit 10: Historic Rockford Courthouse Park 57
Exhibit 11: Pilot Mountain - Ararat River Loop 60
Exhibit 12: Planning Section Implementation Details 64
Exhibit 13: Priority Implementation Matrix 65
The Mountains-to-Sea State Trail is approximately 1,175 miles in length and stretches from Clingman’s Dome in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park to Jockey’s Ridge State Park on the Outer Banks. Along the way, it highlights the best of North Carolina’s rural landscapes, small towns, and urban greenways. This sub-section master plan serves as a guide for establishing new trail segments through Surry County.
The Mountains-to-Sea Trail (MST) concept was first proposed in 1977 by Howard Lee - then secretary of the NC Department of Natural Resources and Community Development. The Mountainsto-Sea State Trail was authorized as an official unit of the State Parks system by the NC General Assembly on August 2, 2000, and became North Carolina’s flagship state trail.
The NC Division of Parks and Recreation (NCDPR) is responsible for the planning and coordination of state trails. Section sponsors build, maintain, and manage segments of the state trail (See Appendix A: NC State Trails System Act). When trail sections are completed, NCDPR officially designates those sections as part of the State Parks System. As of April 2022, approximately 650 miles of the MST have been designated.
A vast majority of the designated MST is located on lands not directly managed as part of a state park. As the trail crosses the state, it passes through properties owned and managed by local governments, non-profit organizations, private landowners, and state and federal government agencies. Temporary routes follow rural back roads across North Carolina to connect existing trail segments. These temporary routes are not eligible for state designation, but provide a continuous path for trail users.
A majority of the current MST in Surry County exists as a temporary road route. This creates a trail experience that is less desirable for many. Surry County is committed to developing a permanent, safe, and scenic trail route that offers users views and experiences of the County’s rolling Piedmont farms, country churches, hardwood and pine forests, and friendly people.
This project is part of ongoing efforts by the State of North Carolina, the Friends of the Mountains-to-Sea Trail (FMST), and various local governments and community organizations to establish new trail sections of the MST to replace segments that are currently aligned along roadways throughout the State.
A majority of the current MST In Surry County exists as a temporary road route.
Identify a specific and feasible trail route in Surry County that connects Burch Station River Access with Pilot Mountain State Park.
Make a direct appeal to landowners identified during the analysis phase and record their sentiments for providing a trail easement.
Identify opportunities to leverage the trail to further other community goals, including economic development, asset connectivity, historic preservation, public health, and environmental stewardship.
Create a visual plan that provides renderings, maps, and schematics to demonstrate trail character and alignments.
Create recommendations for priority project segments, estimates of probable costs, and a list of potential funding sources to assist with plan implementation.
The consultant team met with local trail and government leaders virtually to provide an overview of the project, review maps, and identify opportunities and constraints for trail connectivity.
The consultant team reviewed previous planning documents and conducted a thorough site analysis of the study area to determine feasible trail route options. The project oversight committee provided input on identified trail routes, and a landowner outreach strategy and contact list was developed.
VILLAGE OF ROCKFORD, NC
special meeting to learn more about the project. After receiving comments from landowners, the preferred trail alignment was revised accordingly.
of probable costs. Maps, renderings, and schematics were provided to visually support the trail recommendations.
The final plan is published for review by stakeholders, elected officials, and the public.
This chapter provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of the study area. The analysis begins with a brief description of the study area and review of previous planning efforts. It also includes a comprehensive discussion of the natural and built environments. The chapter concludes with a map and photographic series that highlights a host of opportunities and constraints found within the study area.
The second chapter showcases the efforts that were made to reach out to landowners who, according to the analysis in Chapter 1, own land within the study area that is most feasible for trail development. This chapter outlines the process and results of that landowner outreach, including a map illustrating landowner sentiment.
This chapter is dedicated to visually defining the trail types to be used throughout the corridor and addresses potential permitting requirements. Also, signage design concepts are provided for trail user orientation, mile markers, and other trail support facilities.
The fourth chapter breaks the study area into three (3) planning sections. Each planning section includes a map and narrative that describes the preferred trail alignment and trail features.
This chapter provides a summary of implementation details and priorities organized by planning section and focus area.
A. Study Area Description B. Previous Planning Efforts C. The Natural Environment D. The Built Environment
The analysis begins with a brief description of the study area and review of previous planning efforts. It is followed by a comprehensive discussion of the natural and built environments. The chapter concludes with a map and photographic series that highlights opportunities and constraints that may affect trail development.
The Surry County Parks and Recreation Master Plan focuses on three main aspects of recreation planning: 1) existing park and recreation facilities, 2) recreation standards and facility needs, and 3) proposals and recommendations. Through a public involvement process it was apparent that greenways were very important priorities in 2005. In fact, 92% of survey respondents included walking or jogging as a preferred recreational activity and 86% desired that a countywide greenway system be developed. A major recommendation of the plan was the creation of a greenways master plan, which later led to a separate element of this same planning process.
(2005)
The Surry County Greenways Master Plan identifies potential trail corridors throughout the County and offers recommendations for establishing a comprehensive greenway system. This plan describes the need to designate and complete a portion of the MST in the County. The route of the MST throughout the County at that time was described to be an undesignated portion of the state trail existing on road shoulders along US Highway 21, following Scenic Bike Route 4, crossing Interstate 77, US 601, and US 52, and essentially connecting the Towns of Thurmond, Dobson, and Pilot Mountain. The MST was considered to have major connectivity potential for the many greenway corridors being planned and desired for the County at that time.
The Piedmont Triad Council of Governments, in cooperation with the North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation State Trails Program, and local governments, developed this plan to identify trails in the region that may be included in the growing statewide trail network. This plan identifies the Mountains-to-Sea Trail project as the “backbone” of a growing system of state trails across North Carolina which should provide a strong foundation for connectivity with other local and regional trails in Surry County. It includes an appendix that lists funding sources and other helpful resources for trail development projects.
The Surry County Comprehensive Transportation Plan is a multi-modal plan that examines the County’s long-range transportation needs. This CTP includes recommendations for bicycle and pedestrian improvements and maps of existing facilities. Inventories of existing and planned bicycle and pedestrian facilities for the County are presented, including an on-road alignment of the MST and NC Bicycle Route 4 (North Line Trace), a statewide route that travels through Surry County.
Health by Design was developed as part of a NC Community Transformation Grant project to assist communities in Northwest NC develop infrastructure that positively impacts public health and supports active living. Surry County data is used in developing a “Total Health Model” for the region. The Mountains-to-Sea Trail in Surry County is featured in several of the plan’s priority initiatives, which are recommended to help establish an active living environment in the region.
This comprehensive trail plan is meant to be beneficial to trail development leaders and land managers as they plan, develop, and manage the Mountains-to Sea Trail system in the region. It is intended to guide local trail section managers as they strive to locate, design, and implement the Mountains-to-Sea Trail in this part of the State. The plan identifies Segment Managers and Delegated Community Groups responsible for each section of the trail within the study area and provides specific development objectives for each sub-section.
MOUNTAINS-TO-SEA
(2015)
This master plan for the Mountains-to-Sea State Trail (MST) was developed by the North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation (DPR) and includes a set of ambitious goals for successful trail planning and implementation. The plan recognizes that MST partners must often refine and adjust the alignment of certain segments to address challenges and opportunities identified at the regional and local levels. This statewide plan is discussed according to Designated Segments and Planning Segments. Planning Segments are in various stages of development prior to official designation by DPR. In this plan, the MST in Surry County is found in Planning Segment Three: Yadkin River. The proposed MST route follows the Yadkin River throughout this segment and the overall planning strategies, opportunities, and challenges for the segment are discussed in some detail.
(2016)
The Surry County Parks and Recreation Master Plan from 2016 discusses the local needs and economic benefits of recreation in general, and trail projects specifically. Ongoing challenges relevant to land acquisition and the funding needs for trail projects are described. An inventory of greenways, blueways, and other existing trails is provided, and the MST is featured prominently in the plan. Specific County objectives related to trail development include providing matching funds for grant opportunities and establishing a trail construction, maintenance, and administration program. Sustained County involvement is considered important for securing the easements and rights-of-way required to establish an off-road alignment of the MST along the Yadkin River.
This plan was prepared for the Friends of the Mountains-to-Sea Trail in cooperation with the NC Department of Commerce and provides local leaders, particularly Destination Marketing Organizations, with a comprehensive marketing strategy for the MST. Its main purposes are to educate and attract new trail users, especially on sections of the trail located within the state’s most economically distressed areas. The plan recommends that innovative marketing efforts and special events be used to promote new sections of the trail being planned for Surry County.
The Surry County Land Use Plan 2040 was completed and adopted in 2019 as a tool to help guide land development practices throughout the County. Growth and development trends are discussed in the context of development factors, current policies, and future opportunities. Parks, trails, and managed lands, including the Mountains-to-Sea Trail, are given ample consideration. Objectives and policies for the preservation and development of these resources are provided while referencing the need to adhere to prior recommendations from the County’s Recreation Master Plan, Greenway Master Plan, Stone Mountain to Pilot Mountain State MST Trail plan, and other trail or recreation plans for the County.
(2022)
This plan was developed to help recognize, support, and promote growth in the outdoor recreation industry throughout the Piedmont Triad region. It discusses the economic benefits of this sector and provides a detailed inventory of the outdoor recreation and nature-based assets by county, including the MST in Surry County. The plan discusses the importance of natural resource stewardship and provides a list of priorities for improving federal and state lands in the region. Recommendations are provided on how to address the urgent needs identified for parks and trails in the region and to help establish policies and programs for the development of these resources.
The opportunities and constraints found within the natural environment are critical for determining suitable trail locations, ideal user experiences, necessary permitting requirements, and construction costs. The natural environment is one of the most significant determinants of feasibility and long-term trail sustainability. This section explores the implications of the study area’s natural environment for establishing trail segments for the Mountains-to-Sea Trail between Burch Station and Pilot Mountain State Park and includes five (5) parts: 1) Floodplains; 2) Wetlands; 3) Streams & Rivers ; 4) Topography; and 5) Rare Flora and Fauna.
Floodplain areas provide both an opportunity and constraint for trail development. Since traditional development is not suitable within floodplain areas, private landowners are often more willing to provide access for public trails within these locations. Also, these scenic areas often attract wildlife, which creates an engaging trail experience. Within the study area, the floodplains along the Yadkin River, Fisher River, Ararat River, Double Creek, and West Double Creek provide an opportunity for trail development.
The study area includes several wetland areas as identified on the National Wetland Inventory (NWI). According to NWI, there are likely smaller wetland areas within the study area that are not indicated within their inventory that could impact final trail alignments. Hydric soils in combination with wetland plant species and wetland hydrology are considered indicators of a wetland, which may require costly permitting if impacted.
The County, State, and Federal governments regulate the water bodies found throughout the study area. The Yadkin River, Mitchell River, Fisher River, Ararat River, and their tributaries, Snow Creek, Camp Creek, Pheasant Creek, Davenport Creek, Dunagan Creek, Double Creek, West Double Creek, Candiff Creek, Hogan Creek, and Pilot Creek are some of the most important waterways found within the study area; there may be significant permitting and cost implications for crossing and bridging these water bodies. In addition, current river access development along the Mitchell, Fisher, Ararat, and Yadkin Rivers may provide opportunities for trailhead development in the same locations.
The Fisher River flows from the Blue Ridge Mountains in southeastern Grayson County, Virginia, through Surry County to the Yadkin River. The County currently manages four existing public fishing areas along the river that provide canoe and bank access.
The topography of the study area is characterized by the rolling hills of the northwestern North Carolina Piedmont found throughout Surry, Wilkes, and Yadkin Counties. Trail type and design will transition with the varying terrain. Where possible, the trail should provide for grades under five percent. Natural surface trails can vary up to a 10 percent grade. Proposed trail alignments may require a wider trail corridor to ensure that a more gradual trail grade can be achieved by following the terrain or through switchbacks.
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program and North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) provide data identifying each states’ most sensitive environmental areas. Rare flora and fauna species can also exist outside of these designated areas, which can alter final trail alignments prior to construction. As of April, 2018, fourteen (14) rare species were identified within this study area by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program:
Alasmidonta varicosa (Brook Floater)
Celastrus scandens (American Bittersweet)
Corallorhiza wisteriana (Spring Coral-root)
Erynnis martialis (Mottled Duskywing)
Falco peregrinus anatum (American Peregrine Falcon)
Fothergilla major (Large Witch-alder)
Hackelia virginiana (Virginia Stickseed)
Helianthus schweinitzii (Schweinitz’s Sunflower)
Heuchera pubescens (Downy Alumroot)
Hexalectris spicata (Crested Coralroot)
Lysimachia tonsa (Southern Loosestrife)
Melanoplus mirus (Weldon Short-wing Grasshopper)
Quercus ilicifolia (Bear Oak)
Stenelmis gammoni (Gammon’s Stenelmis Riffle Beetle)
The Northwestern Piedmont of North Carolina is home to scenic rivers, the occasional monadnock or isolated mountain that towers above the rolling hills below, and numerous rural, agriculture based communities. The Yadkin River, Pilot Mountain, and the surrounding farmlands are a prime example of the regional beauty that encompass the Mountains-to-Sea Trail in Surry County.
The opportunities and constraints found within the built and human environment are critical for determining suitable trail locations, ideal user experiences, necessary permitting requirements, and construction costs.
This section highlights five (5) built environmental features and their implications for developing trail segments for the MST between Burch Station and Pilot Mountain State Park, including: 1) General Land Use & Population Centers; 2) Transportation; 3) Utilities; 4) Existing Trails and Parks; and 5) Historic Resources.
The portion of land in Surry County that lies between the Mitchell River and Pilot Mountain State Park is mostly used for agricultural and low density residential. However, the town of Elkin is located approximately 5 miles west of Burch Station, the western terminus of the planning section, and the Town of Pilot Mountain is located 3 miles north of Pilot Mountain State Park, the eastern terminus of the planning section. Additionally, the Town of Dobson is located approximately 8.5 miles north of Burch Station. While outside of the trail corridor, these towns are significant centers of the built environment within the area.
There are several traffic corridors near the study area, but the most immediate are Hwy 268 which connects Elkin to Pilot Mountain and Hwy 601 which connects Mt. Airy to Yadkinville. In addition to these roadways, there is an active rail line that follows the Yadkin River.
Plans for future transportation development include the 2012 Surry County Comprehensive Transportation Plan and the 2022 NC State Transportation Improvement Plan Bridge Replacement Schedule. Improvements from these plans that are relevant to the study area include a bridge replacement on Hardy Road where it crosses Hogan Creek and a bridge replacement on Quaker Church Road where it crosses the Ararat River.
There are several Duke Power right-of-ways that stretch across the study area in different directions. While most of these right-of-ways cross topography that is not ideal for trail development, these corridors could provide a path through areas that have unwilling landowners.
Surry County is the birthplace of the federally designated Yadkin Valley American Viticultural Area (AVA) which encompasses approximately 1,400,000 acres in the Yadkin Valley. Sixteen wineries can be found in the County along with four breweries and a distillery.
The Yadkin River Paddle Trail begins in southern Watauga County and ends in southeastern Stanly County, south of Morrow Mountain State Park. In all, the Yadkin River Paddle Trail is 130 miles long and touches 10 different counties in North Carolina.
The Burch Station Public Fishing Area and Paddle Access functions as a local trail head for both the Mountain’sto-Sea Trail and the Yadkin River Paddle Trail, and is located in western Surry County at the confluence of the Mitchell River and The Yadkin River.
The Carolina Heritage Vineyard & Winery is located just north of the Burch Station Public Fishing Area and is home to one of the few existing permanent MST trail segments in Surry County. This segment is approximately 0.4 miles in length and is located on the west side of the vineyard.
The Yadkin River Paddle Trail begins in southern Watauga County and ends in southeastern Stanly County, south of Morrow Mountain State Park. In all, the Yadkin River Paddle Trail is 130 miles long and touches 10 different counties in North Carolina.
The Yadkin Shore Public Fishing Area and Paddle Access is an unpaved parking and river access area on the south side of the Yadkin River next to Hwy 601. The access serves as a trailhead for the Yadkin River Paddle Trail, but cannot be accessed directly by future MST alignments. Hikers would need to cross the Hwy 601 bridge over the Yadkin River.
The Ararat River Campground is located just west of the Ararat River on John Scott Road. This private campground is primarily used for RV camping, but may offer other amenities for trail goers or serve as a trailhead for RV campers.
The Big Pinnacle at Pilot Mountain State Park is a quartzite monadnock, a mountain that stands isolated in the Piedmont of North Carolina. This remnant of the ancient Sauratown Mountains is widely recognizable and can be seen from a number of different locations along the Mountains-to-Sea Trail.
Shoals Community Recreation Center is located West of the Ararat River near Pilot Mountain State Park at Stony Ridge. The park features three baseball fields, basketball court, two playgrounds, picnic shelter, and a disc golf course.
Pilot Mountain State Park is located in eastern Surry County between Hwy 52 and the Yadkin River. The nearly 4,000 acre state park features numerous trails, picnic areas, a campground, restrooms, climbing areas, and the 2,400 ft, iconic, mountain knob that serves as a historic and cultural landmark for the region.
The Historic Village of Rockford is located on Rockford Road, near the center of the study area, close to the Yadkin River. The town features several historic buildings with signage and a historic general store. The area also features a park with picnic tables and historic building foundations.
The old Surry County Courthouse was completed in 1830 when Rockford served as the County seat. When Yadkin County was formed from Surry County in 1850, the commissioners were directed to move the county seat and courthouse to the center of the County and the old building was used as a schoolhouse. Surry County purchased the old courthouse in the summer of 2022.
The John Dobson Home site is where John Edmond Dobson and his family lived from 1905 to 1916.
Pilot Mountain serves as a beacon of regional culture and history. The original inhabitants of the area, the Saura Tribe, called the mountain, “Jomeokee” or “Great Guide,” due to its striking contrast from the surrounding hills.
The Horne Creek Living Historical Farm, located near Pilot Mountain, is owned and operated by the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources to re-enact the farming lifestyle of the region at the start of the 20th century.
The map and photographic series, which spatially incorporates the natural and built environment analysis, highlights a host of opportunities and constraints that were used to develop several preliminary routes.
Opportunities are environmental features or community assets that are optimal for trail development. Constraints are natural or built features that present challenges, but do not necessarily preclude trail development.
These routes were further refined by local leaders to identify and engage landowners. This information will serve as an ongoing reference guide as alternative routes may need to be developed due to unforeseen barriers.
- There is a segment of existing MST that offers an opportunity to connect Carolina Heritage Vineyard & Winery to the broader trail system.
- A cluster of private buildings close to the Yadkin River creates a pinch point with the active railroad.
- A spur trail offers an opportunity to connect to the Historic Town of Rockford and the existing park there.
- A private residence and an active railroad create a pinch point that could present a barrier to trail development.
- The local Shoals Community Park & Recreation Center creates an opportunity for a trail connection to picnic Shelters and bathrooms.
- The existing bridge on Quaker Church Road is narrow and presents a barrier to safe trail alignment.
The environmental analysis (Chapter 1) was critical for determining physically feasible areas for trail development. However, significant portions of these routes impact private property and require landowner outreach to fully assess trail feasibility. This chapter highlights a good-faith effort to engage landowners throughout the planning process.
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS.
Trail alternatives were developed based upon an environmental feasibility analysis.
LANDOWNER DATABASE.
A mailing database was created that included all property owners that may be affected by the preliminary trail alignment(s).
LANDOWNER INVITATION.
Formal invitations requesting attendance at a special meeting were sent to all landowners included in the landowner database.
LANDOWNER WORKSHOP.
After signing in, the landowner workshop began with an introduction by Daniel White (Surry County Parks & Recreation Director), and was followed by speakers from the consulting firm and various representatives from trail associations and conservancies. Among the speakers was a landowner who spoke about their positive experience in having a trail placed on a part of their land. After the speakers had finished, the landowners were guided to maps showing the project area and the parcels in question. Here the landowners were encouraged to ask questions about their specific property and the associated trail alignment.
Before landowners left, they were encouraged to fill out a landowner sentiment card describing their level of interest for providing for the trail.
FOLLOW UP CONTACT.
DbD staff continued to follow-up with landowners throughout development of the plan document, and adjusted plan recommendations accordingly.
“Outreach efforts included mailing 114 letters to landowners and engaging with approximately 10% of those that were contacted. The landowner outreach meeting was well attended by project stakeholders and landowners.
The “Landowner Sentiment” from the initial outreach was helpful in determining the preferred alignment delineated in this plan (See chapter 4).
A challenging natural and built environment exists within Surry County. Specific trail types must be applied throughout the corridor to ensure minimal maintenance and the best user experience. This Chapter defines three trail types and describes their tread features and general specifications for construction. A specific theme is presented for signage, wayfinding, and trail support facilities. Previous Mountains-to-Sea Trail Master Plans recommend identical trail branding to provide uniformity and recognition throughout the trail corridor.
The trail alignment location will determine permitting requirements for implementation which may also affect trail character by dictating trail type.
Streams are regulated under the Clean Water Act (CWA) by both federal and state government agencies. The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) regulates the dredging and filling of Waters of the US (including stream and wetlands) under section 404 of the CWA. The NC Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) - Division of Water Resources (DWR) regulates discharges of pollutants to waters of the state under section 401 of the CWA.
Any impact to streams or wetlands throughout the corridor will require both section 401 and 404 permits. One application form is used for both permits.
Total stream impacts up to 300 linear feet can be permitted using Nationwide Permits (NWP) and associated Water Quality Certifications. Impacts to stream exceeding 300 linear feet would require an Individual Permit (IP).
Any trail section that is established in the regulatory floodway will require a floodway study, or Flood Study to demonstrate that the proposed work will not result in any increase or decrease (beyond acceptable limits) in elevation or extent of the mapped 100 year flood. This “No Impact” certification is regulated through FEMA but sought through the local county government. Generally, any filling of soil in the floodway will trigger this requirement. As a result, some sections may require raised boardwalk instead of filling.
Based on GIS analysis of floodway data from the North Carolina Flood Risk Information System, there is no regulatory floodway delineated within the study area.
A buffer is the land area adjacent to a stream. If any section of trail impacts the buffer of a stream that is classified as a “Trout Stream’’ additional compliance is required. A 25’-wide buffer must remain undisturbed by development (including paved trails) on both sides of a classified trout stream. For encroachment into trout buffers that cannot be avoided and that exceed 10% of the total buffer length on the site or 100 feet of buffer in any 1000 feet of buffer (whichever is less) will require a Trout Buffer Waiver from the NCDEQ - Land Quality Section.
Any construction of the trail in the Right-of-Way (ROW) of the Department of Transportation will require an encroachment permit. This is obtained from the division engineering office. The study area is served by Division 11. Furthermore, all design standards will require approval from NCDOT.
Two primary trail types are proposed along the preferred alignment. A specific trail type is proposed according to its surrounding environment, location in a rural or urban area, and the opportunity to create a meaningful and unique user experience.
The natural surface trail type is a six (6) foot wide soil path that can allow all user groups. Natural surface trails may be located in areas that have topographical challenges. These trails will provide a more primitive experience for the user and create trail connections at a lower overall cost.
The rural greenway trail type is a ten (10) foot wide crushed gravel fines path that can allow all user groups. This trail type is typically engineered to sustain moderate to heavy use and constructed in flat and gradually sloped terrain. The rural greenway trail type may be located in overland and riparian corridors and within NCDOT right-ofway.
Specific trail alignments and recommendations are provided for the Mountains-to-Sea Trail within three (3) planning sections. Trail recommendations are supported with renderings and exhibits that demonstrate trail character and points of interest at specific locations.
The 24 mile study area from the confluence of the Mitchell and Yadkin Rivers to Pilot Mountain State Park is divided into 3 planning sections. Each section in this chapter includes project areas that can be developed independently allowing for short portions of the trail to be developed as funds and landowner partnerships become available.
This planning section extends approximately 6.2 miles from the confluence of the Mitchell and Yadkin Rivers to the Fisher River.
A short natural surface trail spur will connect Burch Station Public Fishing Area to the existing MST directly north across NC Highway 268. The existing trail winds northeast for 0.4 miles
This planning section includes two (2) trailheads, one (1) major bridge, seven (7) minor bridges/culverts, and three (3) road crossings.
Two (2) trailheads are proposed in this planning section. The
Carolina Heritage Vineyard and Winery was the first USDACertified Organic vineyard and winery in North Carolina,. and they strive to make wine in an environmentally friendly way. Their mission includes improving the local water supply by preventing chemicals in local waterways, reducing their carbon footprint with a solar powered winery, and lowering their water consumption by using grapes that thrive on natural irrigation. (Photo by others)
Specific trail types are proposed according to the surrounding environment, level of use, and proximity to the built environment. The rural greenway trail type represents a trail that may experience moderate to heavy use, be located in a rural setting, and constructed within the NCDOT right-of-way.
The preferred trail route in section 2 extends approximately 10 miles from the Fisher River to the Candiff Creek crossing on River Siloam Road. From the Fisher River crossing the trail follows the river south before intersecting with the alternate route from section one and turning northeast to follow Davenport Creek
This section includes one (1) trailhead, one (1) major bridge, six (6) minor bridges/culverts, and four (4) road crossings.
A trailhead is proposed at the Historic Rockford Courthouse Park in the Village of Rockford. This trailhead is located at the terminus
Rockford Park is the site of the former GrantBurris Hotel. In 1796, Rueben Grant was initially granted a license to operate a tavern and hotel on the site. John Burris purchased the site and opened it as the Grant-Burris Hotel from 18901925. The structure was destroyed by fire in 1974.
The Historic Rockford Courthouse Park is the site of the old 1830 Surry County Courthouse. Surry County purchased the historic property in 2022 to create a park for residents. The park will incorporate a kiosk, MST connector trail, interpretive signage, shelter, bathroom, and parking.
This planning section extends approximately 7.5 miles from the River Siloam Road crossing of Candiff Creek to the existing Mountains-to-Sea Trail near Stony Ridge within Pilot Mountain State Park. The preferred route continues south along Candiff Creek to the railroad and Yadkin River. The natural surface trail turns east and parallels the river to its confluence with the Ararat River. An alternate route follows River Siloam Road as a rural
This section will include two (2) trailheads, one (1) major bridge, twelve (12) minor bridges/culverts, and four (4) road crossings.
This planning section includes a trailhead at the intersection of River Siloam and Siloam Roads and at Shoals Community Park. The trailhead at the park is located near the eastern terminus of the study area and will also serve as close access to the existing
A. Implementation Details by Planning Section B. Priority Implementation Areas C. Trail Support Spectrum
This chapter summarizes implementation details and outlines key challenges for each planning section. Priority implementation areas are identified and incremental steps that local governments can take to support trail development are illustrated.
Surry County staff must focus their limited capacity, including time and money, to begin advancing plan implementation. The county will need the support of existing partnerships with the Elkin Valley Trails Association, Friends of the Mountains-toSea Trail, and the Piedmont Land Conservancy to help expand capacity for easement acquisition and trail development in the area.
Trail implementation does not have to occur in a specific, linear order according to each planning section. The table below supports a trail implementation strategy that prioritizes segments which extend from existing trail nodes or connect significant points of interest. These trail sections can stand alone and are located at the beginning, middle, and end of the study area. The focus areas are merely suggestions, and they should not limit trail implementation if other opportunities related to landowner willingness, politics, or funding arise.
Continued landowner engagement will be an important element of future trail implementation. The county should work with the Piedmont Land Conservancy and Elkin Valley Trails Association to begin discussions and develop relationships with individual landowners that are willing to work towards a connected system of easements that will allow the MST to be completed across Surry County.
Creating a continuous statewide trail requires a significant commitment from state and local governments, non-profit organizations, citizens, and landowners. Each of these stakeholders must evaluate the Mountains-to-Sea Trail in relation to other priorities and commitments. However, a trail of this magnitude should be recognized as an economic development initiative that will provide a return on investment.
Each jurisdiction must make a significant commitment of staff time and local funding to the project in order to be successful. Local funding should be leveraged with grant funding to increase the reach and impact of each dollar spent. The “Trail Support Spectrum’’ below illustrates the steps local governments can take to support trail development in their jurisdictions.
users. Notice of the selected route shall be published by the Department, together with appropriate maps and descriptions to be conspicuously posted online and at the proposed trail location. Such publication shall be prior to the designation of the trail by the Secretary. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 1993, c. 184, s. 5; 2015-241, s. 14.30(f); 2019-20, s. 3(e).)
§ 143B-135.106. Scenic easements within right-of-way.
Within the boundaries of the right-of-way, the Secretary of the North Carolina Department of Administration may acquire, on behalf of the State of North Carolina, lands in fee title, or interest in land in the form of scenic easements, cooperative agreements, easements of surface ingress and egress running with the land, leases, or less than fee estates. Acquisition of land or of interest therein may be by gift, purchased with donated funds or funds appropriated by the governmental agencies for this purpose, proceeds from the sale of bonds or exchange. Any change in value of land resulting from the grant of an easement shall be taken into consideration in the assessment of the land for tax purposes. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 2015-241, s. 14.30(f).) NC General Statutes - Chapter 143B Article 2 40
§ 143B-135.108. Trails within parks; conflict of laws; State trails on
Any component of the System that is or shall become a part of any State park, recreation area, wildlife management area, or similar area shall be subject to the provisions of this Part as well as any other laws under which the other areas are administered, and in the case of conflict between the provisions the more restrictive provisions shall apply. On segments of any State trail that cross property controlled by agencies or owners other than the Department’s Division of Parks and Recreation, the laws, rules,
Part 34. North Carolina Trails System.
§ 143B-135.90. Short title.
This Part shall be known and may be cited as the “North Carolina Trails System Act.” (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 2015-241, ss. 14.30(f), (m).)
§ 143B-135.92. Declaration of policy and purpose.
(a) In order to provide for the ever-increasing outdoor recreation needs of an expanded population and in order to promote public access to, travel within, and enjoyment and appreciation of the outdoor, natural and remote areas of the State, trails should be established in natural, scenic areas of the State, and in and near urban areas.
(b) The purpose of this Part is to provide the means for attaining these objectives by instituting a State Trails System, coordinated with and complemented by existing and future local trail segments or systems, and by prescribing the methods by which, and standards according to which, components may be added to the State Trails System. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 1993, c. 184, s. 1; 2015241, s. 14.30(f), (m); 2019-20, s. 3(b).)
§ 143B-135.94. Definitions.
Except as otherwise required by context, the following terms when used in this Part shall be construed respectively to mean:
(1) “Department” means the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.
(2) “Political subdivision” means any county, any incorporated city or town, or other political subdivision.
(3) “Scenic easement” means a perpetual easement in land which a. Is held for the benefit of the people of North Carolina,
b. Is specifically enforceable by its holder or beneficiary, and c. Limits or obligates the holder of the servient estate, his heirs, and assigns with respect to their use and management of land and activities conducted thereon, the object of such limitations and obligations being the maintenance or enhancement of the natural beauty of the land in question or of areas affected by it.
(4) “Secretary” means the Secretary of Natural and Cultural Resources, except as otherwise specified in this Part.
(5) “State Trails System” means the trails system established in this Part or pursuant to the State Parks Act, Part 32 of this Article, and including all trails and trail segments, together with their rights-of-way, added by any of the procedures described in this Part or Part 32 of this Article.
(6) “Trail” means a linear corridor on land or water, protected from motor vehicles, providing public access for recreation or transportation.
(7) “Trails Committee” means the North Carolina Trails Committee established by Part 35 of this Article. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 1977, c. 771, s. 4; 1989, c. 727, s. 218(63); 1989 (Reg. Sess., 1990), c. 1004, s. 19(b); 1993, c. 184, s. 2; 1997-443, s. 11A.119(a); 2015-241, s. 14.30(f), (m); 2019-20, s. 3(c).) NC General Statutes - Chapter 143B Article 2 38
§ 143B-135.96. Composition of State Trails System.
The State Trails System shall be composed of State trails, which are components of the State Parks System, authorized by the General Assembly pursuant to G.S. 143B-135.54(b), and planned and coordinated by the Department. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 1993, c. 184, s. 3; 2015-241, s. 14.30(f); 2019-20, s. 3(d).)
§ 143B-135.98. Authority to designate trails.
The Department may establish and designate trails on:
(1) Lands administered by the Department,
(2) Lands under the jurisdiction of a State department, political subdivision, or federal agency, or
(3) Private lands provided, fee-simple title, lesser estates, scenic easements, easements of surface ingress and egress running with the land, leases, or other written agreements are obtained from landowners through which a State trail may pass. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 1979, c. 6, s. 1; 1991, c. 115, s. 1; 1993, c. 184, s. 4; 2015-241, s. 14.30(f).)
§ 143B-135.100. Use of State land for bicycling; creation of trails by volunteers.
(a) Any land held in fee simple by this State, any agency of this State, or any land purchased or leased with funds provided by this State may be open and available for use by bicyclists upon establishment of a usage agreement. The usage agreement shall be established between the land manager and any local cycling group or organization intending to use the land and shall specify the terms and conditions for use of the land. The land manager shall designate a representative with knowledge of off-road bicycle trail building to negotiate the agreement. Upon establishment of the usage agreement, any bicyclist may use the land pursuant to the agreement.
The land manager shall not be required to create, maintain, or make available any special trails, paths, or other accommodations to any user of the land for cycling purposes. However, once a usage agreement has been established, any local cycling group or organization may create and maintain special trails for cycling purposes. Any trails created for the purpose of off-road cycling shall be created and maintained using commonly accepted best
practices.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, any land may be restricted or removed from use by bicyclists if it is determined by the State, an agency of the State, or the holder of land purchased or leased with State funds that the use would cause substantial harm to the land or the environment or that the use would violate another State or federal law. Before restricting or removing land from use by bicyclists, the State, the agency of the State, or the holder of the land purchased or leased with State funds must show why the lands should not be open for use by bicyclists. Local cycling groups or organizations shall be notified of the intent to restrict or remove the land from use by bicyclists and provided an opportunity to show why cycling should be allowed on the land.
(c) Repealed by Session Laws 2016-90, s. 5, effective July 11, 2016.
(d) Any land open and available for use by bicyclists, pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, shall also be available to members of the public for hiking and walking. Persons using the land pursuant to this subsection shall yield the right-of-way to bicyclists when hiking or walking on any trails created and maintained for the purpose of off-road cycling and so designated along that trail. NC General Statutes - Chapter 143B Article 2 39
(e) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, any hiking, walking, or use of bicycles on game lands administered by the Wildlife Resources Commission shall be restricted to roads and trails designated for vehicular use. Hiking, walking, or bicycle use by persons not hunting shall be restricted to days closed to hunting. The Wildlife Resources Commission may restrict the use of bicycles on game lands where necessary to protect sensitive wildlife habitat or species. (2007-449, s. 1; 2015-241, s. 14.30(f); 2016-90, s. 5.)
and policies of those agencies or owners shall govern the use of the property. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 2015-241, s. 14.30(f), (m); 2019-20, s. 3(f).)
§ 143B-135.110. Uniform trail markers.
The Department, in consultation with the Committee, shall establish a uniform marker for trails contained in the System. An additional appropriate symbol characterizing specific trails may be included on the marker. The markers shall be placed at all access points, together with signs indicating the modes of locomotion that are prohibited for the trail, provided that where the trail constitutes a portion of a national scenic trail, use of the national scenic trail uniform marker shall be considered sufficient. The route of the trail and the boundaries of the right-of-way shall be adequately marked. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 2015-241, s. 14.30(f).)
§ 143B-135.112. Adopt-A-Trail Program.
The Department shall establish an Adopt-A-Trail Program to coordinate with the Trails Committee and local groups or persons on trail development and maintenance. Local involvement shall be encouraged, and interested groups are authorized to “adopt-atrail” for such purposes as placing trail markers, trail building, trail blazing, litter control, resource protection, and any other activities related to the policies and purposes of this Part. (1987, c. 738, s. 153(a); 2015-241, s. 14.30(f), (m).)
§ 143B-135.114. Administrative policy.
The North Carolina Trails System shall be administered by the Department according to the policies and criteria set forth in this Part. The Department shall, in addition, have or designate the responsibility for maintaining the trails, building bridges, campsites, shelters, and related public-use facilities where required. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 2015-241, ss. 14.30(f), (m).)
§ 143B-135.116. Incorporation in National Trails System.
Nothing in this Part shall preclude a component of the State Trails System from becoming a part of the National Trails System, or a component of the National Trails System from becoming a part of the State Trails System. The Secretary shall coordinate the State Trails System with the National Trails System and is directed to encourage and assist any federal studies for inclusion of North Carolina trails in the National Trails System. The Department may enter into written cooperative agreements for joint federal-State administration of a North Carolina component of the National Trails System, provided such agreements for administration of land uses are not less restrictive than those set forth in this Part. (1973, c. 670, s. 1; 2015-241, s. 14.30(f), (m); 2019-20, s. 3(g).) NC General Statutes - Chapter 143B Article 2 41
§ 143B-135.118. Trail use liability.
(a) Any person, as an owner, lessee, occupant, or otherwise in control of land, who allows without compensation another person to use the land for designated trail or other public trail purposes or to construct, maintain, or cause to be constructed or maintained a designated trail or other public trail owes the person the same duty of care he owes a trespasser.
(b) Any person who without compensation has constructed, maintained, or caused to be constructed or maintained a designated trail or other public trail pursuant to a written agreement with any person who is an owner, lessee, occupant, or otherwise in control of land on which a trail is located shall owe a person using the trail the same duty of care owed a trespasser. (1987, c. 498, s. 1; 1991, c. 38, s. 1; 1993, c. 184, s. 6; 2015-241, ss. 14.30(f), (m).)
Part 35. North Carolina Trails Committee.
§ 143B-135.130. North Carolina Trails Committee – creation; powers and duties.
There is hereby created the North Carolina Trails Committee of the Department of Natural and Cultural Resources. The Committee shall have the following functions and duties:
(1) To meet not less than two times annually to advise the Department on all matters directly or indirectly pertaining to trails, their use, extent, location, and the other objectives and purposes of G.S. 143B-135.102.
(2) To coordinate trail development among local governments, and to assist local governments in the formation of their trail plans and advise the Department of its findings.
(3) To advise the Secretary of trail needs and potentials pursuant to G.S. 143B-135.102. (1973, c. 1262, s. 80; 1977, c. 771, s. 4; 1989, c. 727, s. 218(145); 1997-443, s. 11A.119(a); 2015-241, s. 14.30(f), (m).)
§ 143B-135.132. North Carolina Trails Committee – members; selection; removal; compensation.
The North Carolina Trails Committee shall consist of seven members appointed by the Secretary of Natural and Cultural Resources. Two members shall be from the mountain section, two from the Piedmont section, two from the coastal plain, and one at large. They shall as much as possible represent various trail users.
Committee members shall serve staggered terms of four years and until their successors are appointed and qualify. Any appointment to fill a vacancy on the Committee created by the resignation, dismissal, death or disability of a member shall be for the balance of the unexpired term.
The Governor shall have the power to remove any member of the Committee from office in accordance with the provisions of G.S.
143B-16 of the Executive Organization Act of 1973.
The Secretary of Natural and Cultural Resources shall designate a member of the Committee to serve as chairman at the pleasure of the Governor.
Members of the Committee shall receive per diem and necessary travel and subsistence expenses in accordance with the provisions of G.S. 138-5 and G.S. 143B-15 of the Executive Organization Act of 1973. (1973, c. 1262, s. 81; 1977, c. 771, s. 4; 1989, c. 727, s. 218(146); 1997-443, s. 11A.119(a); 2015-241, ss. 14.30(f), (
**Trail features and costs for alternate routes and spur trails are not included in this budget
Natural Surface Path 26,454 $10 $264,540
Gravel DOT Sidepath 4,106 $120 $492,720
Major Bridge 1 $90,000 $90,000
Minor Bridges/Culverts 7 $45,000 $315,000
Road Crossing (Surface) 3 $8,000 $24,000
Trailheads & Improvements 2 $75,000 $150,000
Total Section Cost: $1,336,260
Natural Surface Path 57,846 $10 $578,460
Gravel DOT Sidepath 10,633 $120 $1,275,960
Major Bridge 1 $90,000 $90,000
Minor Bridges/Culverts 6 $45,000 $270,000
Road Crossing (Surface) 4 $8,000 $32,000
Trailheads & Improvements 1 $75,000 $75,000
Total Section Cost: $2,321,420
Natural Surface Path 49,083 $10 $490,830
Major Bridge 1 $90,000 $90,000
Minor Bridges/Culverts 12 $45,000 $540,000
Road Crossing (Surface) 4 $8,000 $32,000
Trailheads & Improvements 2 $75,000 $150,000
Total Section Cost: $1,302,830
OVERALL COST: $4,960,510
RSVP to Tim Johnson, Project Manager tim@dbdplanning.com 828.386.1866
Dear Surry County Neighbor:
We are fortunate to be one of the counties on the route for the Mountainsto-Sea Trail (MST) which extends from Great Smoky Mountains National Park to Jockey’s Ridge State Park on the Outer Banks. This State Trail is 1,175 miles long and highlights the best of North Carolina’s landscape and small towns. Surry County offers trail users views and experiences of rolling Piedmont farms, country churches, hardwood and pine forests, and friendly people. While the MST currently exists as a combination of trail and connecting backroads across the state, Surry County is committed to developing the path as a continuous, natural surface trail across the county.
Friends of the Mountains-to-Sea Trail, Elkin Valley Trails Association, Sauratown Trails Association, Piedmont Land Conservancy, and NC State Parks are partnering with Surry County and other local non-profit and government leaders to explore a feasible natural surface trail route to become part of the Mountains-to-Sea State Trail. The project team has identified a broad corridor that includes a number of parcels. You are receiving this letter because your property falls within this corridor.
This is your invitation to join other landowners within this potential corridor area at a special landowner meeting to learn more about the Mountainsto-Sea State Trail and the opportunities for local landowners to work with trail partners to make this trail a reality. Please be assured that any and all involvement on your part will be totally on a volunteer basis.
Meeting Date: Wednesday, June 22, 2022 at 6:00 pm
Location: Children’s Center 520 North Main Street Dobson, NC 27017
Please let us know by email or phone if you can attend this special meeting or if you are interested in finding out more information but are unable to attend.
Thank you on behalf of,
Surry County Mountains-to-Sea State Trail Planning Committee
Land and Water Fund
Land Acquisition: Fee Simple or Easement. Must protect floodplain areas. Greenway trails are allowed
Based on 6/2015 discussion with staff, a $750K multiyear application would be welcome.
Not specified but 20% is competitive February 1st
NC Water Resources (NCWR) N/A 50%
June 30th & Dec. 31st River access areas or greenways along rivers
Recreational Trails Program (RTP) $100,000 25% Varies All types of trails and greenways
Parks and Recreation Trust Fund (PARTF) $500,000 50% May All types of parks, trails, and recreation facilities
People for Bikes Community Grant $10,000 20% N/A Trails and Greenways
NCDOT Transportation Plan for Bike and Pedestrian Projects
Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) Area Development Grants
Lowe’s Hometown Grants
N/A (for major projects) 20% generally N/A Bike and Pedestrian Projects-both engineering and construction
$1,000,000 30% TBD Regional culture and tourism
Community projects that involve making physical improvements or enhancements
NC Land and Water Fund
Land acquisition and Renovation/replacement of outdoor recreation facilities
Varies N/A Spring
Varies Varies Early February
T-Mobile Hometown Grants $50,000 N/A Rolling Community and public spaces
USDA Rural Development
Varies Varies Rolling Infrastructure, community facilities
