UMSK CPH-2016
Velkomin til Eyrarsunds Námsferðir eru einn mest gefandi þáttur þess að vera í skóla og læra. Það er ekkert sem jafnast á við það eða er lærdómsríkara en að upplifa staði af eigin raun. Manni gefst færi til að vega og meta sjálfur hvað manni finnst gott eða vont, fallegt eða ljótt. Það er engin bók eða mynd sem getur skilað upplifun eins vel og að vera þar sjálfur. Oft eru það líka manns persónulega reynsla sem hefur áhrif á upplifun manns af staðnum. Nýtið tímann ykkar vel og verið óhrædd að tala saman í hópnum um upplifun ykkar af hverjum stað. Ekki vera hrædd við að tjá ykkar skoðun og munið það að ykkar sýn skiptir máli. Til að móta fjölbreytta bæi og borgi þarf margar ólíkar hugmyndir. Það sem einum finnst flott finnst öðrum ljótt. Ræðið ykkar á milli og reynið að rökstyðja skoðanir ykkar. Greinið hvern stað vel og vandlega og hafið alltaf þessar spurningar bakvið eyrað..
Hvernig líður mér á staðnum? Hversvegna? Hvað er gott og hvað mætti betur fara? Hver er rýmismyndunin á staðnum? Er mannlegur skali?
En umfram allt ekki gleyma að NJÓTA!! Góða skemmtun.
Dagur 1, 13 september... 06.45: Mætt á flugvöll og farin af stað. 11.35 lent á Kastrup, Metro eða Lest tekin á Airbnb. Hádegismatur 16:00 Sigling um canalana frá Nyhavn. Degi lokið.
Dagur 2, 14 september... 10:00 Hittumst á Nyhavn náð í hjól á hjólaleigu
Copenhagen Bicycles Heimilisfang: Nyhavn 44, 1058 København, Danmörk Sími:+45 33 93 04 04
NOMA // Polyform Copenhagen street food á Papiröen Óperan Listaskólasvæðið Christiania Havnbadet // SLA The Dune og Rigsarkivets Grönne taghave//SLA Kalvebod Bölge // JDS Arkitekts & KLAR Cykelslangen // Disssing og Weitling Silohúsin Sönder Boulevard // SLA
Degi Lokið.
Frjálst DAC, Danish Architecture Center, Let´s Play.
NOMA - Útisvæði Danish restaurant Noma commissioned Polyform Architects to create a landscape based on Nordic terroir to give pilgrims to the world’s best restaurant a taste of what’s inside, without disturbing diners Recently named ‘the world’s best restaurant’ for the fourth time in a list compiled by 900 international experts for Restaurant magazine, Copenhagen’s Noma attracts diners from all over the world. It features an interior by Space Copenhagen, as well as an experimental food laboratory by 3XN. With a wait of up to two months for a table, the restaurant also attracts foodies without reservations, keen to see the location, get their photo taken outside, and peer through windows to get a glimpse of the innovative dishes being served inside. Guests have been finding the voyeurs distracting, so Noma contacted Polyform Architects for a design solution. “Head chef René Redzepi was not interested in putting up a red rope in front of the restaurant,” said Polyform partner Thomas Kock. “He didn’t want to exclude the curious minds but rather create a buffer zone around the restaurant, which gave visitors the experience of Noma and in this way included them.” Like the ingredients for the new-Nordic cuisine the restaurant specialises in, the landscape design is based on indigenous plants and common features from Norway’s natural environment. “We wanted a landscape that showcased the Nordic region’s rugged beauty and told the story of the terroir that has shaped and inspired the new Nordic,” Kock told Dezeen. “With that in mind, we brought in typical robust plants from the coasts of the countries and lava stones from Iceland where these plants also grow naturally,”
Hรถnnun: Polyform
The restaurant wanted the new intervention to look like it had been there for a long time, so the designers used fully-grown plants including hare’s tail cottongrass, bluebells, mountain avens, primula nutans, platt’s black and sea thrift. Beehives in the garden will produce honey for the Noma kitchen with a unique taste, thanks to a bespoke combination of plants that bees feed on. Guests with reservations can now enjoy a disturbance-free gastronomic experience inside, while guests without reservations still get a taste of Noma outside. “We expect the visitors to have a taste of the new Nordic - even though they might not have a reservation to taste the new Nordic gastronomy inside Noma,” said Kock. Polyform was established in 2006 by Royal Academy of Fine Arts Copenhagen graduates Jonas Song Berg and Thomas Kock. (http://www.dezeen.com/2014/06/17/polyform-nordic-landscape-noma-restaurant-copenhagen/)
Christiania.. Christiania began as a squat of an old abandoned military base in 1971 by a group of activists who wave in town for an international arts festival. It has had a tenuous relationship ever since, periodically being evicted by the city, then rioting, then holding to a restless armistice until a new government again tries to “normalize� the neighborhood. Because it is a Freetown, its population is neither well-heeled nor erudite. There are not many university degrees and more than a few drug addicts, deranged and demented, single mothers, fugitives and economic refugees who wind up there for lack of any better choices, either in Denmark or the scores of other countries from which they flee. It is on this foundation, rather than spiritual or intentional community, that the consensus democracy of Christiania has been cobbled. The citizens of Christiania believe strongly that collective right of use is important 1) to allow room for all, 2) to support the a great diversity of population and, 3) to support the remarkable level of social freedom and justice that exists and is cherished by all residents. Christiania had set up a planning office in the 1980s and created a green master plan. By 2003, this had evolved into an ecovillage plan and many of the goals had already been realized. Christiania covers an area of more than 85 acres and houses almost one thousand inhabitants, and every year more than a million people visit the Freetown. Directly inside the entrance to Christiania there is a Reuse Station, which was established well before we first visited in 1990. The site serves both Christiania and Christianshavn. The effort has always been towards 100% re-use, only recycling what cannot be reused. Unlike other recycling centers where people are not allowed to take away, Christiania encourages rummaging and only restricts items which are hazardous from being taken away.
Water is gathered on the roof of the Reuse Station, as well as from the roofs of many other buildings, and used for groundskeeping, flush toilets, and gardens. Water treatment systems also employ rainwater catchment to treat sewage and greywater with phytoremediation. Nutrients are kept from entering the nearby freshwater inlets and causing algae blooms. In areas without a sewage system, composting toilets are used. In order to reduce the amount of waste, Christiania employs decentralized composting of home organic materials. To ensure it is done correctly, the Freetown has a “smell police,” that patrols the sites and peers into bins. If a problem is found, the users are given guidance on best practices. Many of Christiania’s communal buildings are equipped with systems that reduce energy requirements, including solar collectors, PV panels, and windmills. Christiania’s communal bathhouse receives about half its hot water from solar in summer. Since 2001, Maelkevejen (Milky Way) has been working on a communal heating system which is well on its way to providing all the houses, clubs and businesses in the area ecologically sustainable heating. Heat is partially biomass (wood and pellets) and partially solar. The Freetown as a whole has invested in 61 shares in regional windmill energy. ImageNot only is Christiania the first car-free neighborhood of Copenhagen, it has also created the Christiania Bike, which is one of its major industries. Various models developed since the business began in 1984 are now in use around the city and country to haul children, animals, products, and even carry the mail (Post Danmark). Copenhagen is now the largest city in the world to transport the majority of its children to school daily by bicycle.
In the Green Hall, another of Christiania’s businesses, you can purchase donated, recycled, and salvaged building materials for construction. Most of the buildings are either remodeled from the original army barracks, warehouses and stables or do-it-yourself artistic expressions. The Freetown’s Building Office provides development and guidance for projects. Naturally, the Reuse Center is built entirely of reused materials. Christiania deserves special recognition for its social system, called “From Here to There” (Herfra og Videre) which includes a social welfare service open to all comers (legal and illegal), an employment center, a health care service and Christiania’s own “Health House” (free clinic). Christiania works with partner organizations to resolve complex social problems. One of the hallmarks of the ecovillage, one of the members of the Danish Ecovillage Network (LØS), is the peaceful coexistence of Christiania’s disempowered and underserved inhabitants with the affluent neighbors in Christianshavn. There is a distinctive bond that honors art in all its forms, participatory democracy, and the free spirited culture of Copenhagen. Image Christiania is more than an ecovillage, it is a “Green Urban Biotope;” with preserved native wetlands, 100 species of migratory birds, and a distinctively Nordic approach to nature spirituality and social responsibility. Earth Care, People Care, Surplus Share. Few other places so embody the permaculture credo. (http://www.culturechange.org/cms/content/view/577/1/)
Havnebadet // BIG... Every summer the Harbour Swimming Baths at Islands Brygge is a gathering place for thousands of overheated locals in need of its refreshing water. Now the harbour swimming baths are being extended with a winter swimming facility, so frost-proof water babies can enjoy the water all year round. After many years as a conveyor belt for heavy shipping traffic, in 2001 the harbour fairway was finally declared clean enough to swim in. It gave the people of Copenhagen a welcome opportunity to take advantage of all the water, which flows through the city. It did not take more than a year, before the first temporary harbour swimming baths opened at Islands Brygge. It was so successful, that work soon started on the development of a permanent harbour swimming facility. In 2003, the temporary harbour bath moved to Fisketorvet, thus making room for the permanent harbour swimming bath, which the PLOT architectural practice designed. Maritime inspiration The Islands Brygge Baths is constructed on pontoons and includes swimming pools, children’s pools and a pool you can dive into from a height of three or five metres. The pool is rectangular in shape, with long wooden promenades, which resemble the decks of a passenger ship. The diving tower looks like the prow of a ship and the lifeguard tower the ship’s funnel. The Harbour Baths can accommodate 600 swimmers and, on a sunny summer’s day, a full house is guaranteed. (http://www.dac.dk/da/dac-life/copenhagen-x-galleri/cases/havnebadet-islands-brygge/)
Now winter swimming too In 2011 the Harbour Baths began to open for winter swimming, while 2013 will see the completion of a completely new extension, specially geared to hardy winter Vikings. BIG were responsible for designing the extensions to the existing harbour baths. The boardwalk will be extended and raised to make space below for the saunas and thermal baths, which will have a fantastic view over the harbour fairway. Inspired by traditional Roman bath houses, the floors will be covered with mosaics. But there will be a slightly more contemporary twist, since they will be patterned with motifs designed by the Danish contemporary artist Husk Mit Navn. The Harbour Park The Bryggen harbour baths is linked to the Harbour Park, a long green area, which is the result of initiatives taken by local residents, and which has attracted life down to the harbour and created a connection to Havnestaden. The Park contains many elements, which are testimony to the history and contemporary park life of the city. Elements from previous industries in the area have been recycled and given new functions. For example, steel elements have been turned into a pergola and the hull of the Pinen ferry has been used as the roof for an open-air stage. Better use of the blue element The Islands Brygge Harbour Baths opened opened people’s eyes to the inclusion of the water for recreational purposes. Amager Beach, Koralbadet and Kastrup Sea Baths have since been added, and in the future swimmers will also be able to dip their toes in the water at Kalvebod Brygge and KvÌsthusmolen. (http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-life/copenhagen-x-galleri/cases/harbour-bath-at-islands-brygge/)
Hรถnnun: JDS Arkitekter og KLAR Byggingarรกr 2008
Kalvebod Bölge...
Kalvebod Brygge is situated opposite the popular Copenhagen summer hang out, Islands Brygge. Kalvebod Brygge has the potential to be Islands Brygge’s more urban counterpart but has, until now, been synonymous with a desolated office address devoid of life and public activities. This new waterfront will be a place for a larger spectrum of public activities. With a close connection to the central train station and Tivoli, Copenhagen’s famous city amusement park, ‘Kalvebod Bølge’, the ‘Kalvebod Waves’ will become a hub, buzzing with activity and providing a chance for the inner city to regain its connection to the harbour. Constituted more by its functionality than its tradition, this inner city site is less fragile than others and manifests Copenhagen’s contemporary urban waterfront with neighbouring entities such as the Black Diamond Library and the Nykredit building. According to the schedule the complex should be finished mid 2010. The project consists of two main plazas, which extend across the water and are positioned with regards to sunlight and wind conditions. To the south, the pier allows for a flexible public space on the water with facilities to host events related to the creative industry. During the last 10 years Copenhagen has developed into a stronghold for the creative class, therefore Kalvebod Brygge proposes an urban showcase that gives organizations, companies, festivals and fairs a location along the waterfront. In connection with this space, an active water enclave is created, for various water related activities. The plaza and surrounding pontoons provide the necessary facilities for these activities to function. The flow of boats that commute to and from the water hub also creates an active maritime background and secures the connectivity of the plaza to the rest of the city. The second square acts as an oasis on the water, providing both proximity and access. This recreational space, with a beach, allows for a break from the hectic pace of urban life, where a floating garden is proposed. A maritime park where urban and maritime life meet. (http://www.archdaily.com/423048/kalvebod-waves-jds-architects)
Hรถnnun: SLA Byggingarรกr: 2007-10
The City Dune... The harbor front of Copenhagen has through the years been widely criticized for being the site of low quality office buildings, introvert shopping malls, bad infrastructure, and few, if any, public spaces worth using. Here, above an underground car park on the most traffic-heavy corner of Copenhagen, the Swedish SEB Bank chose to erect its Scandinavian headquarters. SLA got the assignment to create an urban space that could tie the new headquarter together with the surrounding area, the harbor, and the rest of Copenhagen. An open space in front of a bank does not necessarily need to be anonymous, grey, and void of people. On the contrary, SLA designed the area as a green and welcoming ‘open foyer’ for the public and employees of the bank alike. The result is a sustainable and fully accessible urban space covering an area of 7.300 m2. Like a giant dune of sand or snow it slips in between the buildings, thereby creating a spatial coherence in the design. Simultaneously, the urban space, elevated 7 meters above the surroundings, ensures the mobility of pedestrians and cyclists, leading from SEB and the harbor past The Danish National Archives and on to the Tivoli Congress Center. (http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2011/10/park-by-sla-landscape-architecture/)
Hรถnnun: Lundgaard & Tranberg Arkitektfirma A/S in association with landscape architects SLA Byggingarรกr - 2006-2009
Þakgarður Riksarkivet...
The National Archives contain everything from census records to written protocols for the registration of motor vehicles. Some say these buildings hold an excessive amount of paper: the shelves inside the box-like buildings are 12 metres tall, and there is a total of 370 kilometres of shelf space inside. Along those shelves lie several tons of important historical documents. In place after a fight The new National Archives may be one of the country’s most disputed constructions. Initially, the plan was to build the Archives in Ørestad, the from-scratch development on Amager. But that proved too expensive, and it was proposed to situate the archives in Odense or somewhere else outside the capital. That idea drew protests, and stakeholders breathed a sigh of relief when the site chosen was the old DSB freight yard along Kalvebod Brygge. In 2003, the location was officially approved. Façade with characters The building was designed by PLH architects, and features simple geometry with large wall surfaces adorned with runic reliefs, giving the façade a graphic display of light and shadow. The runes refer to the contents of the building. Green life On the roof of one of the buildings is a green street, in which the bas-relief façade has been translated in the form of narrow, cross-cutting trails between small sitting areas with benches. Rainwater is also collected in a rooftop reservoir, which provides sound and heat insulation, and also some moisture which effectively regulates the temperature in the archive and ensures a good microclimate. Given the nature of the building, climate is an exceedingly important concern. The greenways at the National Archives are part of a plan for a long green street, the central idea in the land use plan for the area. The plan calls for grassy streets with trees and shrubs to wriggle in between buildings. This pedestrian area will give citizens of nearby Vesterbro a much-needed green respite. (http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-life/copenhagen-x-galleri/cases/national-archives/)
Cykelslangen Background With the change from commercial harbour activities to residences and retail the Inner Harbour of Copenhagen has undergone a pronounced transformation. As part of this transformation, the first stage was a foot- and bicycle connection across the Inner Harbour, Bryggebroen (The Quay Bridge) by DISSSING+WEITLING architecture, which was opened in 2006 . The first new crossing of the harbour in fifty years. The bridge became a tremendous success not only as a connection between two parts of the city, but also simply as a way to enjoy the views of the harbour, the sensation of beingabove water. However heading to or from Bryggebroen on the Eastern side of the Harbour cyclist had to carry their bikes down or up afull flight of stairs at one end of the quayside. Cykelslangen, or the ”The Bicycle Snake”, a 230 m long sky bridge which offers a short cut to Bryggebroen was opened in the summer of 2014. Cykelslangen takes off where Bryggebroen ends on the Eastern side of the harbour and continues in a meandering course to Kalvebod Brygge, a major roadway, some 5,5 m above the quay. Cykelslangen is used by 12.500 cyclists daily. Copenhagen and bicycles In 2011 the City of Copenhagen published its planning strategy for becoming the world’s best bicycle town in 2015. And this for all sort of good reasons – promoting a healthier life style cycling to work, setting the goal for Copenhagen as a CO2 neutral city by 2025, and simply – Copenhagen as a better place to live, more space, less noise, cleaner air. In 2010 with a 36% market share bicycles were the most used means of transportation to and from work within the city. The city’s strategy aimsfor 50% by the end of 2015.
Hönnun: Dissing // Weitling Byggingarár - 2014
In 2010 as part of the city’s bicycle policy, a forerunner for the bicycle strategy, a series of initiatives were taken. Amongst these a general consultant tender for what was to become the bicycle bridge Cykelslangen. DISSSING+WEITLING architecture won the tender with Rambøll as sub consulting engineers. Pushing the boundaries – a specific typology The clients brief called for a somewhat minimal bicycle ramp providing an alternative to the staircase. We saw a tremendous potential for the new ramp to become something more than just replacing the staircase. To unfold the ramp from the corner site of the staircase, stretch it out, curve it. Across the water, in between the buildings, and down close to the Bryggebroen. A clear pathway. Hereby not only making it more joyful to ride on, with less steep gradients and better curvature, but also making it an element that could pull together an areawith a multitude of incoherent buildings. We proposed a series of alternatives and discussed them with the client, the City of Copenhagen. And the city listened and contributed to the idea. The city’s project manager brought it up higher in the administration. The budget had to be raised and a dialogue with neighbours to be commenced. Not only did it go through, the city also awarded DISSSING+WEITLING architecture, a year before the bridge was opened, for raising the bar. An award the City Administration has established to further good ideas. Cykelslangen – a winding course The project went from a ramp to an elevated bicycle route. It winds its way and by doing so it makes the bikers inadvertently slow down. A bike route above land and water. And it barely touches either resting on slim columns with a distance of 17 – 20 m. It epitomizes the image of Copenhagen as a bicycle City. The pure joy of cycling. It is orange. Orange so that it may hold
its own elevated place amidst the surroundings. Orange to provide a sense of sensuousluxury. Orange to give it warmth in daytime and at night lit up from the LED strips in the glimmering stainless steel handrails. Cykelslangen is not an elevated bicycle route. It is not an attempt to establish elevated bicycle routes as such, to separate cyclist from the ground level. Bicycles should not be isolated from but rather be an integrated part of city life, street life. Cykelslangen is a specific answer to a specific problem in Copenhagen Structure The bridge is a painted, airtight welded steel structure, carried by a central steel spine – a 75 cm box girder, from which a series of cantileveredstruts, made offolded steel plates, carries the steel plate deck. We aimed for a slim structure, with all parts being structural, hereby reducing the visual impact. We have strived for transparency and simplicity. Structural refinement. The parapet is perceived as a transparent film, no modular hierarchy. In essence underlining the fluidity of movement through space. Celebrating bike riding. Looking out and being seen. The parapet consists of inward leaning steel bars with a circular cross section with a stainless steel handrail. The bridge relates essentially to Bryggebroen but differs in detail, reflecting its functionality, alignment and setting. (http://www.dw.dk/cykelslangen/)
Sönder Boulevard... In the mid-nineteenth century, the demolition of the city walls and the abolition of the Demarcation Line that for many years had marked off a surrounding strip designated as a no-build zone led to a sudden expansion of the city of Copenhagen. To the west of the old city centre, the neighbourhood of Verstebro was built, this consisting, in keeping with pubic health standards of the nineteenth-century city, of regular street blocks and wide avenues offering sweeping views. The Sønder Boulevard was one the main road axes of this urban development. True to the change of scale enshrined in the new canon, it was endowed with a symmetrical section of almost thirty metres wide and a slightly curved longitudinal section a kilometre and a half long. The centre of this boulevard, which separated two lateral roads, was shaped by means of a grassy parterre that was densely populated with elms and edged by granite boulders. Before long, and as was happening in many other European cities of the time, a rising bourgeoisie avid for metropolitan settings in which to represent itself, enthusiastically took over the Sønder Boulevard as a place to promenade and forge social relations. Over a century later, however, the pleasurable and leisurely spirit of its origins had completely disappeared. In the 1990s, Dutch elm disease, a fungal affliction that attacks the Common Elm, killed all the trees in the central grove. By the turn of the millennium, the daily traffic consisting of some 2,700 cars and over 1,600 motorcycles drastically segregated the devastated central parterre, and practically the only people who used it were those who saw it as a public lavatory for their dogs. ... In 2004, the City Council of Copenhagen decided to earmark almost two and a half million euros to revitalise the sixteen thousand square metres of the promenade and to adapt it to present-day needs. Six workshops were convoked in which residents and local businesspeople were able to express their wishes which in many cases, and as might be expected, were fragmentary and divergent. In view of this, the strategy adopted in order to return to the boulevard its lost relevance and former numbers of people consisted in assigning to the space a great number of
L y k i l o r ð : Félagsleg rými, Endurhönnun, Leikur, Hjólastígar, Gróður, Opið rými, Sveigjanleg rými, Göturými, Tengingar
Hönnun: SLA Byggingarár 2007
uses and a wide range of activities that, by juxtaposition or superimposition, could respond to the all the requirements gleaned in the workshops. Such an assignation of space was given priority over the aim of a coherent and unitary project. The velocity of circulation in the lateral traffic lanes has been reduced by means of speed bumps and the roads have been narrowed from two lanes to one. This has made it possible to add seventeen metres to the width of the central zone, which has been divided into a large number of orthogonal sections of different sizes and treatments. Although some are conceived for specific functions, for example to accommodate sports areas and facilities, zones for dogs, children’s playgrounds or an asphalted cyclo-cross circuit, the great majority of the sections are defined generically.
They take the form of small rectangular areas framed by slight differences of level and initially covered with lawn. However, this is only a provisional finish as, through an arbitrated and regulated process, the residents have the right to transform and use these sections for different purposes. The spaces have undergone progressive transformation as functions are assigned to them and they have become small garden plots, meditation gardens, spaces for barbecues, open-air cafÊs and platforms for performances. A pedestrian path, sometimes paved and sometimes with a gravel surface, is lined with benches and waste paper bins and makes it possible to move through the different sections the whole length of the promenade. New rows of trees have been planted along the edges, grouped according to species, which have been chosen so that they bud, flower and shed their leaves at different times of the year in such a way that the boulevard’s appearance is always changing. In the central section of the route is an area planted with palm trees where blocks of stone from pre-existing rockeries have been distributed in the form of a grid. ... In this intervention, uses precede form. Urban design has been halted in time to give way to users who appropriate the different sections and freely transform them in keeping with their requirements. The form will never be fixed because the Sønder Boulevard is now a flexible, diverse space that is undergoing constant change. David Bravo Bordas, architect (http://www.publicspace.org/en/works/e092-sonder-boulevard)
DAC - Danish Architecture Center // Let´s Play!! In summer 2016 the Danish Architecture Centre and the plaza in front of the building will be converted into a summer, “movement destination”. Outside, in a temporary arena we invite everyone who feels inclined to try their hand at totally new forms of movement. Meanwhile, inside we open a major exhibition, which explores the subject of movement in the city. During the run of the exhibition we will be organising a number of specialist events, in which both professionals and anyone with an interest will meet up to discuss “next practice”. What is the next step to take when it comes to movement in the city? Once upon a time, movement and exercise took place in function-specific settings, such as gyms and facilities designed for the purpose. But in recent years movement has crept into our everyday lives and occupied public spaces. Today the city represents an arena for all sorts of movement for people of all ages. Street sport has made its impact, and playful installations and flexible sports facilities are springing up all over the place. Movement has assumed a prominent role in the city. But it is also found in local pockets and communities, which can be difficult to find your way around in. LET’S PLAY sets out to tell the story of the informal and non-organised movement, which has hit the city in recent years, and to provide Danes with an opportunity to try their hand at new urban forms of movement. The goal is to inspire children, young people and adults of all ages, together with architects and planners, to look at movement with different eyes: not as something you do in specific places and at specific times, but as something that can be a natural and integral part of the city - a source of joy, freedom, fun and fellowship across gender, ethnicity and age. (http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-life/exhibitions/2016/exhibition-lets-play/)
Dagur 2 // Norður CPH 10:00 Hittumst á Höjbro plats
Köbmagergade og Kultorvet // Karres en Brands og Polyform Norreport St. //COBE Torvhallerne og Israels plads // Sweco Háskólinn í Kaupmannahöfn // Schonherr Garður Skólans Superkilen// Topotek1.BIG og Superflex Kartoffelrækkerne Rosenborg Slotshave
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Val Metro að Örestad að skoða 8-tallet og fjallið
Köbmagergade // Karres en Brands og Polyform
Robust layout facilitates and stimulates modern city life The curved course of the Købmagergade shopping street is characteristic of the city of Copenhagen. Along with the squares Hauser Plads, Kultorvet, and Trinitatis Kirkeplads, this long street forms a characteristic image of the labyrinthine medieval centre. On one hand, the design by karres+brands and Polyform stimulates the growth of an intensive urban life and, on the other, it is closely related to the rich history of Copenhagen. Købmagergade is a major shopping street and the main link between the city and the busiest station in Copenhagen. The road was known for its shabby decor, a stagnant commercial base, and a lack of connection to the surrounding characteristic shopping streets. A full refurbishment was necessary. KBP, a joint venture of karres+brands and Polyform Arkitekter, won the international competition for the shopping street’s new design, plus three adjacent squares. During the day and through the week, the shopping area has its own rhythm: people biking, walking, shopping, playing, and going out. But supply, garbage, and maintenance traffic is also part of this dynamic. The first step is to make the area clean and empty, so that the flow of people at leisure can find its way. The second step is to choose a strong material: natural stone, a durable material that both lends a contemporary image and connects to the traditional granite boulders in the historic centre. On and along the Købmagergade are three important squares: Kultorvet, Hauser Plads and Trinitatis Kirkeplads. In the design, these history-laden, subtly colour-changing squares shoot from dark coals to bright stars, from Kultorvet to the Milky Way. The organisation of the three squares differs following the historical situation, and they differ from each other according to their place in the city. Kultorvet has a dark, almost black, stone paving pattern inspired by the eighteenth-century coal trade. Kultorvet is the largest square, and has been outfitted with a
Hรถnnun: Karres en Brands, Polyform Byggingarรกr 2009-2013
fifteen-metre fountain and adjoining stage. The fountain is located on the main walking route through which pedestrians are guided in the direction of the shops and terraces. The square’s surface slopes downward toward the centre so that the fountain and events organised there can be seen from its edges. On Hauser Plads, a much quieter square, exciting hills of grass for recreation form a green oasis in the city—and the municipal cleaning services housed underground are like a hidden pearl at first glance. The church square, Trinitatis Kirkeplads, with its famous Rundetårn observatory, changes into a giant sky after sunset by way of 1,000 bright points of light in its surface. In the evening and night, the medieval town has its own mysterious and melancholy atmosphere, especially in the wintertime. This special character is emphasised in the squares through the use of warm, indirect lighting with a few extra touches. Thus it is still possible to see the stars, just as Christian IV did in the seventeenth century from the observatory in Rundetårn. (http://www.karresenbrands.nl/project/koebmagergade)
Hรถnnun: COBE Byggingarรกr 2009-2013
Norreport Station // COBE... Nørreport Station is the busiest station in Denmark with roughly 250,000 people bustling through it daily. The new Nørreport station is composed of a series of rounded, floating roofs, mounted on striking glass pavilions. A study of pedestrians’ preferred routes has formed the basis for the station’s new design, providing an open and welcoming public space with specific thought directed to the needs of cyclists and pedestrians. Ample bike parking will be a main feature accommodating 2,500 parking lots for bikes. In order to create a clear hierarchy between the area for bicycles and the area for city life, all bicycle parking is placed 40 cm below the city floor - as sunken ‘bicycle beds’. (http://www.cobe.dk/project/norreport-station#0)
Superkilen... Superkilen celebrates diversity in Copenhagen Superkilen is a kilometre-long park situated in the Nørrebro area just north of Copenhagen’s city centre. Superkilen is home to more than 60 nationalities, and is considered to be one of the most ethnically diverse and socially challenged neighbourhoods in the Danish capital. The hope is that Superkilen can help revitalize the area by giving it a global identity and unifying its inhabitants. The park comprises 3 areas: the ‘Red Square’, the ‘Black Market’ and the ‘Green Park’. Bike lanes traverse the park, which features playgrounds as well as spaces for basketball, football, cultural activities, picnics, socializing and relaxing. Multicultural symbolism The park aims to support the diversity of local inhabitants by using globally-found objects which symbolise the home countries of those who live in the area. The objects include neon signs from Qatar and Russia, bollards from Ghana, an imposing sculpture of a bull from Spain and Palestinian soil. It is a world exhibition within the space of just half a mile. “Normally when you design a park in Copenhagen, you only have two or maybe three kinds of benches to choose from. Now we have the entire world (to choose from)”, says Jakob Fenger from the art group Superflex.
L y k i l o r ð : Félagsleg rými, Litir, Fjölmenning, Leikur, Hjólastígar, Gróður, Opið rými, Sveigjanleg rými, Göturými, Tengingar, Lýsing, Yfirborðsefni, Götugögn.
Public places - people places...
Torvehallerna og Israels plads... Israel Plads, located in the heart of Copenhagen, has been redesigned after years of funding issues, planning deliberation and community consultation. It lies next to Torvehallerne, a covered food market that replaced the traditional Grønttorvet vegetable market. The new square is a lively, informal space marking the transition to the Ørstedsparken. Ten years ago, the square was a desolate, wind-swept place, used variously as a parking lot, an area where locals walked their dogs, and an informal gathering space where students played basketball in makeshift ball cages. The space looked abandoned, messy, almost derelict. Today, it has become a place that bustles with activity and attracts many people every day. Until 1958 the square, then called Grønttorvet, was the location of the city’s major wholesale market. This is where retailers as well as individual clients came to buy fresh food; the market was known for its charming as well as chaotic atmosphere. Soon however, the traffic and logistics that came with the market were no longer manageable in the restricted space of this inner-city neighbourhood and the wholesale market had to find a new location. At the end of the 1950s Grønttorvet became an empty spot in the middle of the city, without any real function, and the potential of an undiscovered urban space emerged. Grønttorvet, renamed Israels Plads ten years after, experienced the same lot as other large inner-city markets, such as the famous Halles in Paris, for instance, which were forced to move to a southern suburb in 1971. The big empty spot left after this transformation created unique possibilities for establishing a major new urban square in the centre of the city. For many years, Grønttorvet looked unattractive despite of its unique central location. Things finally began to change in 2011, when, after 15 years of political and financial quarrels, the project of the two market halls on the northern side of the square became reality. The idea of a covered food market was fortunate in its timing, for it was realized at a moment when people’s
L y k i l o r ð : Félagsleg rými, Endurhönnun, Leikur, Matur, Bílastæði, Opið rými, Markaður, Torg, Vatn
Hรถnnun: SWECO, COBE, Niras og Morten Strรฆde Byggingarรกr 2011
interest for new culinary experiences was growing. Torvehallerne has injected new vibrancy in a once deserted area and has worked as a catalyst, attracting people from all over the city. The organizers of the architectural competition named the team of Sweco, COBE, Niras and Morten StrĂŚde winners for the redesign of Israels Plads in 2007. The winning team presented a simple architectural concept for the square: a “flying carpetâ€? that has landed on the ground, defined as a light granite surface, lifted up 25 centimetres from the ground. Different organic shapes are punched out of the granite surface, providing various sports facilities, such as a ball cage, a skating area, a playground for young children and sitting stairs. The granite plate is recessed from the surrounding facades, leaving sufficient space for car traffic, and descends to meet the street level. Along the facades, a band of traditional Copenhagen pavement with granite slabs and Nordic cobblestones runs around the square, connecting the granite plate to its surroundings. The pavement, in contrast to the light granite of the square, is a reference to traditional Danish building materials and matches the colourful historical facades from the 18th century. (https://www.toposmagazine.com/israels-plads/)
Hönnun: BIG, Topotek1, Superflex Byggingarár 2012
Superkilen is the result of a collaboration between the architects from Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG), Berlin-based landscape architects from Topotek1 and the Danish art group Superflex. Together they have created a fusion between architecture, landscape and art. For the people, by the people The local people were actively involved in the process of choosing the different objects to be placed in the three different areas of the park. “We went traveling with five different groups of people from the Superkilen neighbourhood to a country of their choice, following a specific story or memory that would eventually lead to objects for inclusion in Superkilen”, says Fenger.
The five trips went all over the world and some very different objects were brought back. For instance a sound system from Jamaica, a bull from Spain and a boxing ring from Thailand, all chosen by inhabitants from the area. Each object is described on a small stainless plate next to the object. All of the objects were either produced as exact replicas or purchased and transported to Superkilen.
Three zones, three colours, one neighbourhood The Red Square A red carpet covers the entire square, the lines and edges creating a big red pattern. If entered from Nørrebrogade the square is an open space, serving as an extension to the activities in the nearby hall. The Black Market This is where the locals meet. There are benches and barbeque facilities, tables for playing backgammon and chess, and a Japanese octopus playground. The pattern here is composed of white lines, which curve around the furniture to highlight it. The Green Park The soft green hills appeal to children, young people and families. Many of the sport facilities have been moved here, with brand new pitches for hockey and basketball. The area also attracts people for picnics, sunbathing or just taking a nap on the grass. (http://denmark.dk/en/lifestyle/architecture/superkilen-celebrates-diversity-in-copenhagen)
Dagur 3// Svíþjóð 09:00 Hittumst á Hovedbanegarden Malmö triangeln St.Jobhannesplein och Konsthallplatsen // WHITE Malmö C Varvstaden Malmo live Stapelbaddsparken Bo01 Alnarp SLU /Lomma Lund LTH Katedralforum Lund University LTH Campus Val Hyllie, Emporia Þakgarður
Bo01 An Ecological City of Tomorrow - Malmö... In Malmö in southern Sweden, a sustainable district has grown up in the wake of the Bo01 housing exhibition. In 2001, the exhibition showed off visionary types of dwelling, with people, aesthetics, ecology and technology part of the plan from the outset. The housing exhibition site has since developed into the district known as Bo01 (Live01) where the emphasis for the town planners has been on high-quality permanent housing solutions, architectural diversity and urban spaces. Malmö’s inhabitants have already embraced the district which has become one of the city’s most popular excursion spots. Bo01 is a recently developed district in the Västra Hamnen (West Harbour) growth area on the outskirts of Malmö. The district has approximately 600 homes, offices, shops and other service trade premises. The objective is for the district to be a leading international example of environmental adaptation and social sustainability in a densely built-up area. It is hoped that Bo01 will strengthen sustainable growth in Västra Hamnen and Malmö as a whole. The district’s previous history has a housing exhibition has underpinned the development of innovative housing solutions that give sustainability and aesthetic appeal pride of place. At first sight, there is nothing particularly sustainable about Bo01, but the district has sustainable solutions designed into it since it was on the drawing board. The focus has been on three aspects in particular; use of resources, planimetrics and emotions & aesthetic appeal. Private players, who have been responsible for the physical realisation of the district, were urged to think holistically and to show consideration for the surroundings in relation to the individual housing units. Built-in nesting boxes for birds and sustainable vegetation, for example, are a natural element of Bo01.
L y k i l o r ð : Félagsleg rými, Hafnarkantur, Rými, Sjálfbærni, Vatn, Orka, Græn þök, Líffræðileg fjölbreytni, Þétting byggðar, Nýbyggingar.
Hönnun: Klas Tham hannaði masterplanið ásamt Skipulagssviði Malmö Byggingarár 2001
Consumption of resources in Bo01 is minimised e.g. by wind turbines, which provide all the district’s electricity. Solar panels on the roofs supply a fifth of the heat, the remainder coming from thermal heating and Malmö’s existing, super-efficient district heating system. Recyclable and organic materials are sorted and contribute to energy production by the city’s biogas plant. The residents of Bo01 are encouraged regularly to check their energy consumption on information panels installed in each home. In addition to this, paths and cycle tracks have been given high-priority as has the use of healthy materials in the dwellings and surroundings. Sustainability in Bo01 also concerns interaction between the people who live in the area, and objectives have been laid down regarding different forms of ownership in order to reduce the formation of ghettos. Furthermore, design and architecture create aesthetically pleasing urban spaces and attractive places where residents can get together. This is manifest in such details as protection against the wind and pleasant outdoor areas with a good view and proportions to which residents can relate. In order to ensure a sustainable resource management and recreational and aesthetic values, water in the district flows through an ingenious system of ponds, open channels and moss-covered roofs. The 175 hectare artificial island of Västra Hamnen was bought by the Municipality of Malmö in 1996, and the idea was to develop an entirely new eco-district. Over the last 10 years, the municipality has transformed the island from a polluted industrial area to an environment-conscious district with homes, businesses and recreational areas. A fundamentally sustainable approach to planning of the building instructions has been key in the creation of the district. Bo01 crowned the achievement, with its innovative concepts and new technologies which have improved environmental standards in the area. Bo01 has been highly praised as an exciting, ambitious and thought-provoking success, and the people of Malmö have embraced the district, especially its harbour promenade.
Sustainability under scrutiny Despite Bo01’s ambition of creating mixed forms of ownership to reduce the risk of ghetto formation, the residents of Bo01 constitute a homogenous group. The district has been criticised because it is only home to well shod, healthy, white residents despite the fact that 40% of Malmö’s population was born outside Sweden. The lack of diversity is due to the high price of homes in the district; a three-room flat in Bo01 starts at around SEK 2 million (GBP 170,000), which is more than twice the national average price. The fact that the dwellings have large areas of glass, some facing the sea, means that the residents of Bo01 have to cope with hefty heating bills. Cars are also allowed in Bo01, which was originally planned for less than one car per household. Today many homes have one or more luxury cars. For the first couple of years the district rented out the electric cars to residents but removed them again because they were not used. Although there are many cycle tracks and special bus routes, the largest transport-related problem is the shortage of parking spaces. A multi-storey car park has been built as a result. In Bo01, sustainability and the residents’ lifestyle clash. Because of the residents’ prosperous lifestyle, house prices and design, critics do not believe Bo01 has become the shining example of low energy living the municipality of Malmö had hoped for. (http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-cities/sustainable-cities/all-cases/master-plan/malmo-bo01---an-ecological-city-of-tomorrow/?bbredirect=true)