UMSK CPH-2016
Velkomin til Eyrarsunds Námsferðir eru einn mest gefandi þáttur þess að vera í skóla og læra. Það er ekkert sem jafnast á við það eða er lærdómsríkara en að upplifa staði af eigin raun. Manni gefst færi til að vega og meta sjálfur hvað manni finnst gott eða vont, fallegt eða ljótt. Það er engin bók eða mynd sem getur skilað upplifun eins vel og að vera þar sjálfur. Oft eru það líka manns persónulega reynsla sem hefur áhrif á upplifun manns af staðnum. Nýtið tímann ykkar vel og verið óhrædd að tala saman í hópnum um upplifun ykkar af hverjum stað. Ekki vera hrædd við að tjá ykkar skoðun og munið það að ykkar sýn skiptir máli. Til að móta fjölbreytta bæi og borgi þarf margar ólíkar hugmyndir. Það sem einum finnst flott finnst öðrum ljótt. Ræðið ykkar á milli og reynið að rökstyðja skoðanir ykkar. Greinið hvern stað vel og vandlega og hafið alltaf þessar spurningar bakvið eyrað..
Hvernig líður mér á staðnum? Hversvegna? Hvað er gott og hvað mætti betur fara? Hver er rýmismyndunin á staðnum? Er mannlegur skali?
En umfram allt ekki gleyma að NJÓTA!! Góða skemmtun.
Dagur 1, 12 september... 06.45: Mætt á flugvöll og farin af stað. 11.35 lent á Kastrup, Metro eða Lest tekin á Airbnb. Hádegismatur 16:00 Sigling um canalana frá Nyhavn. Degi lokið.
Dagur 2, 13 september... 10:00 Hittumst á Nyhavn náð í hjól á hjólaleigu
Copenhagen Bicycles Heimilisfang: Nyhavn 44, 1058 København, Danmörk Sími:+45 33 93 04 04
NOMA // Polyform Copenhagen street food á Papiröen Óperan Listaskólasvæðið Christiania Havnbadet // SLA The Dune og Rigsarkivets Grönne taghave//SLA Kalvebod Bölge // JDS Arkitekts & KLAR Cykelslangen // Disssing og Weitling Silohúsin Sönder Boulevard // SLA
Degi Lokið.
Frjálst DAC, Danish Architecture Center, Let´s Play.
NOMA - Útisvæði Danish restaurant Noma commissioned Polyform Architects to create a landscape based on Nordic terroir to give pilgrims to the world’s best restaurant a taste of what’s inside, without disturbing diners Recently named ‘the world’s best restaurant’ for the fourth time in a list compiled by 900 international experts for Restaurant magazine, Copenhagen’s Noma attracts diners from all over the world. It features an interior by Space Copenhagen, as well as an experimental food laboratory by 3XN. With a wait of up to two months for a table, the restaurant also attracts foodies without reservations, keen to see the location, get their photo taken outside, and peer through windows to get a glimpse of the innovative dishes being served inside. Guests have been finding the voyeurs distracting, so Noma contacted Polyform Architects for a design solution. “Head chef René Redzepi was not interested in putting up a red rope in front of the restaurant,” said Polyform partner Thomas Kock. “He didn’t want to exclude the curious minds but rather create a buffer zone around the restaurant, which gave visitors the experience of Noma and in this way included them.” Like the ingredients for the new-Nordic cuisine the restaurant specialises in, the landscape design is based on indigenous plants and common features from Norway’s natural environment. “We wanted a landscape that showcased the Nordic region’s rugged beauty and told the story of the terroir that has shaped and inspired the new Nordic,” Kock told Dezeen. “With that in mind, we brought in typical robust plants from the coasts of the countries and lava stones from Iceland where these plants also grow naturally,”
Hรถnnun: Polyform
The restaurant wanted the new intervention to look like it had been there for a long time, so the designers used fully-grown plants including hare’s tail cottongrass, bluebells, mountain avens, primula nutans, platt’s black and sea thrift. Beehives in the garden will produce honey for the Noma kitchen with a unique taste, thanks to a bespoke combination of plants that bees feed on. Guests with reservations can now enjoy a disturbance-free gastronomic experience inside, while guests without reservations still get a taste of Noma outside. “We expect the visitors to have a taste of the new Nordic - even though they might not have a reservation to taste the new Nordic gastronomy inside Noma,” said Kock. Polyform was established in 2006 by Royal Academy of Fine Arts Copenhagen graduates Jonas Song Berg and Thomas Kock. (http://www.dezeen.com/2014/06/17/polyform-nordic-landscape-noma-restaurant-copenhagen/)
Christiania.. Christiania began as a squat of an old abandoned military base in 1971 by a group of activists who wave in town for an international arts festival. It has had a tenuous relationship ever since, periodically being evicted by the city, then rioting, then holding to a restless armistice until a new government again tries to “normalize� the neighborhood. Because it is a Freetown, its population is neither well-heeled nor erudite. There are not many university degrees and more than a few drug addicts, deranged and demented, single mothers, fugitives and economic refugees who wind up there for lack of any better choices, either in Denmark or the scores of other countries from which they flee. It is on this foundation, rather than spiritual or intentional community, that the consensus democracy of Christiania has been cobbled. The citizens of Christiania believe strongly that collective right of use is important 1) to allow room for all, 2) to support the a great diversity of population and, 3) to support the remarkable level of social freedom and justice that exists and is cherished by all residents. Christiania had set up a planning office in the 1980s and created a green master plan. By 2003, this had evolved into an ecovillage plan and many of the goals had already been realized. Christiania covers an area of more than 85 acres and houses almost one thousand inhabitants, and every year more than a million people visit the Freetown. Directly inside the entrance to Christiania there is a Reuse Station, which was established well before we first visited in 1990. The site serves both Christiania and Christianshavn. The effort has always been towards 100% re-use, only recycling what cannot be reused. Unlike other recycling centers where people are not allowed to take away, Christiania encourages rummaging and only restricts items which are hazardous from being taken away.
Water is gathered on the roof of the Reuse Station, as well as from the roofs of many other buildings, and used for groundskeeping, flush toilets, and gardens. Water treatment systems also employ rainwater catchment to treat sewage and greywater with phytoremediation. Nutrients are kept from entering the nearby freshwater inlets and causing algae blooms. In areas without a sewage system, composting toilets are used. In order to reduce the amount of waste, Christiania employs decentralized composting of home organic materials. To ensure it is done correctly, the Freetown has a “smell police,” that patrols the sites and peers into bins. If a problem is found, the users are given guidance on best practices. Many of Christiania’s communal buildings are equipped with systems that reduce energy requirements, including solar collectors, PV panels, and windmills. Christiania’s communal bathhouse receives about half its hot water from solar in summer. Since 2001, Maelkevejen (Milky Way) has been working on a communal heating system which is well on its way to providing all the houses, clubs and businesses in the area ecologically sustainable heating. Heat is partially biomass (wood and pellets) and partially solar. The Freetown as a whole has invested in 61 shares in regional windmill energy. ImageNot only is Christiania the first car-free neighborhood of Copenhagen, it has also created the Christiania Bike, which is one of its major industries. Various models developed since the business began in 1984 are now in use around the city and country to haul children, animals, products, and even carry the mail (Post Danmark). Copenhagen is now the largest city in the world to transport the majority of its children to school daily by bicycle.
In the Green Hall, another of Christiania’s businesses, you can purchase donated, recycled, and salvaged building materials for construction. Most of the buildings are either remodeled from the original army barracks, warehouses and stables or do-it-yourself artistic expressions. The Freetown’s Building Office provides development and guidance for projects. Naturally, the Reuse Center is built entirely of reused materials. Christiania deserves special recognition for its social system, called “From Here to There” (Herfra og Videre) which includes a social welfare service open to all comers (legal and illegal), an employment center, a health care service and Christiania’s own “Health House” (free clinic). Christiania works with partner organizations to resolve complex social problems. One of the hallmarks of the ecovillage, one of the members of the Danish Ecovillage Network (LØS), is the peaceful coexistence of Christiania’s disempowered and underserved inhabitants with the affluent neighbors in Christianshavn. There is a distinctive bond that honors art in all its forms, participatory democracy, and the free spirited culture of Copenhagen. Image Christiania is more than an ecovillage, it is a “Green Urban Biotope;” with preserved native wetlands, 100 species of migratory birds, and a distinctively Nordic approach to nature spirituality and social responsibility. Earth Care, People Care, Surplus Share. Few other places so embody the permaculture credo. (http://www.culturechange.org/cms/content/view/577/1/)
Havnebadet // BIG... Every summer the Harbour Swimming Baths at Islands Brygge is a gathering place for thousands of overheated locals in need of its refreshing water. Now the harbour swimming baths are being extended with a winter swimming facility, so frost-proof water babies can enjoy the water all year round. After many years as a conveyor belt for heavy shipping traffic, in 2001 the harbour fairway was finally declared clean enough to swim in. It gave the people of Copenhagen a welcome opportunity to take advantage of all the water, which flows through the city. It did not take more than a year, before the first temporary harbour swimming baths opened at Islands Brygge. It was so successful, that work soon started on the development of a permanent harbour swimming facility. In 2003, the temporary harbour bath moved to Fisketorvet, thus making room for the permanent harbour swimming bath, which the PLOT architectural practice designed. Maritime inspiration The Islands Brygge Baths is constructed on pontoons and includes swimming pools, children’s pools and a pool you can dive into from a height of three or five metres. The pool is rectangular in shape, with long wooden promenades, which resemble the decks of a passenger ship. The diving tower looks like the prow of a ship and the lifeguard tower the ship’s funnel. The Harbour Baths can accommodate 600 swimmers and, on a sunny summer’s day, a full house is guaranteed. (http://www.dac.dk/da/dac-life/copenhagen-x-galleri/cases/havnebadet-islands-brygge/)
Now winter swimming too In 2011 the Harbour Baths began to open for winter swimming, while 2013 will see the completion of a completely new extension, specially geared to hardy winter Vikings. BIG were responsible for designing the extensions to the existing harbour baths. The boardwalk will be extended and raised to make space below for the saunas and thermal baths, which will have a fantastic view over the harbour fairway. Inspired by traditional Roman bath houses, the floors will be covered with mosaics. But there will be a slightly more contemporary twist, since they will be patterned with motifs designed by the Danish contemporary artist Husk Mit Navn. The Harbour Park The Bryggen harbour baths is linked to the Harbour Park, a long green area, which is the result of initiatives taken by local residents, and which has attracted life down to the harbour and created a connection to Havnestaden. The Park contains many elements, which are testimony to the history and contemporary park life of the city. Elements from previous industries in the area have been recycled and given new functions. For example, steel elements have been turned into a pergola and the hull of the Pinen ferry has been used as the roof for an open-air stage. Better use of the blue element The Islands Brygge Harbour Baths opened opened people’s eyes to the inclusion of the water for recreational purposes. Amager Beach, Koralbadet and Kastrup Sea Baths have since been added, and in the future swimmers will also be able to dip their toes in the water at Kalvebod Brygge and KvÌsthusmolen. (http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-life/copenhagen-x-galleri/cases/harbour-bath-at-islands-brygge/)
Hรถnnun: JDS Arkitekter og KLAR Byggingarรกr 2008
Kalvebod Bölge...
Kalvebod Brygge is situated opposite the popular Copenhagen summer hang out, Islands Brygge. Kalvebod Brygge has the potential to be Islands Brygge’s more urban counterpart but has, until now, been synonymous with a desolated office address devoid of life and public activities. This new waterfront will be a place for a larger spectrum of public activities. With a close connection to the central train station and Tivoli, Copenhagen’s famous city amusement park, ‘Kalvebod Bølge’, the ‘Kalvebod Waves’ will become a hub, buzzing with activity and providing a chance for the inner city to regain its connection to the harbour. Constituted more by its functionality than its tradition, this inner city site is less fragile than others and manifests Copenhagen’s contemporary urban waterfront with neighbouring entities such as the Black Diamond Library and the Nykredit building. According to the schedule the complex should be finished mid 2010. The project consists of two main plazas, which extend across the water and are positioned with regards to sunlight and wind conditions. To the south, the pier allows for a flexible public space on the water with facilities to host events related to the creative industry. During the last 10 years Copenhagen has developed into a stronghold for the creative class, therefore Kalvebod Brygge proposes an urban showcase that gives organizations, companies, festivals and fairs a location along the waterfront. In connection with this space, an active water enclave is created, for various water related activities. The plaza and surrounding pontoons provide the necessary facilities for these activities to function. The flow of boats that commute to and from the water hub also creates an active maritime background and secures the connectivity of the plaza to the rest of the city. The second square acts as an oasis on the water, providing both proximity and access. This recreational space, with a beach, allows for a break from the hectic pace of urban life, where a floating garden is proposed. A maritime park where urban and maritime life meet. (http://www.archdaily.com/423048/kalvebod-waves-jds-architects)
Hรถnnun: SLA Byggingarรกr: 2007-10
The City Dune...//SLA The harbor front of Copenhagen has through the years been widely criticized for being the site of low quality office buildings, introvert shopping malls, bad infrastructure, and few, if any, public spaces worth using. Here, above an underground car park on the most traffic-heavy corner of Copenhagen, the Swedish SEB Bank chose to erect its Scandinavian headquarters. SLA got the assignment to create an urban space that could tie the new headquarter together with the surrounding area, the harbor, and the rest of Copenhagen. An open space in front of a bank does not necessarily need to be anonymous, grey, and void of people. On the contrary, SLA designed the area as a green and welcoming ‘open foyer’ for the public and employees of the bank alike. The result is a sustainable and fully accessible urban space covering an area of 7.300 m2. Like a giant dune of sand or snow it slips in between the buildings, thereby creating a spatial coherence in the design. Simultaneously, the urban space, elevated 7 meters above the surroundings, ensures the mobility of pedestrians and cyclists, leading from SEB and the harbor past The Danish National Archives and on to the Tivoli Congress Center. (http://www.landezine.com/index.php/2011/10/park-by-sla-landscape-architecture/)
Hรถnnun: Lundgaard & Tranberg Arkitektfirma A/S in association with landscape architects SLA Byggingarรกr - 2006-2009
Þakgarður Riksarkivet...
The National Archives contain everything from census records to written protocols for the registration of motor vehicles. Some say these buildings hold an excessive amount of paper: the shelves inside the box-like buildings are 12 metres tall, and there is a total of 370 kilometres of shelf space inside. Along those shelves lie several tons of important historical documents. In place after a fight The new National Archives may be one of the country’s most disputed constructions. Initially, the plan was to build the Archives in Ørestad, the from-scratch development on Amager. But that proved too expensive, and it was proposed to situate the archives in Odense or somewhere else outside the capital. That idea drew protests, and stakeholders breathed a sigh of relief when the site chosen was the old DSB freight yard along Kalvebod Brygge. In 2003, the location was officially approved. Façade with characters The building was designed by PLH architects, and features simple geometry with large wall surfaces adorned with runic reliefs, giving the façade a graphic display of light and shadow. The runes refer to the contents of the building. Green life On the roof of one of the buildings is a green street, in which the bas-relief façade has been translated in the form of narrow, cross-cutting trails between small sitting areas with benches. Rainwater is also collected in a rooftop reservoir, which provides sound and heat insulation, and also some moisture which effectively regulates the temperature in the archive and ensures a good microclimate. Given the nature of the building, climate is an exceedingly important concern. The greenways at the National Archives are part of a plan for a long green street, the central idea in the land use plan for the area. The plan calls for grassy streets with trees and shrubs to wriggle in between buildings. This pedestrian area will give citizens of nearby Vesterbro a much-needed green respite. (http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-life/copenhagen-x-galleri/cases/national-archives/)
Cykelslangen Background With the change from commercial harbour activities to residences and retail the Inner Harbour of Copenhagen has undergone a pronounced transformation. As part of this transformation, the first stage was a foot- and bicycle connection across the Inner Harbour, Bryggebroen (The Quay Bridge) by DISSSING+WEITLING architecture, which was opened in 2006 . The first new crossing of the harbour in fifty years. The bridge became a tremendous success not only as a connection between two parts of the city, but also simply as a way to enjoy the views of the harbour, the sensation of beingabove water. However heading to or from Bryggebroen on the Eastern side of the Harbour cyclist had to carry their bikes down or up afull flight of stairs at one end of the quayside. Cykelslangen, or the ”The Bicycle Snake”, a 230 m long sky bridge which offers a short cut to Bryggebroen was opened in the summer of 2014. Cykelslangen takes off where Bryggebroen ends on the Eastern side of the harbour and continues in a meandering course to Kalvebod Brygge, a major roadway, some 5,5 m above the quay. Cykelslangen is used by 12.500 cyclists daily. Copenhagen and bicycles In 2011 the City of Copenhagen published its planning strategy for becoming the world’s best bicycle town in 2015. And this for all sort of good reasons – promoting a healthier life style cycling to work, setting the goal for Copenhagen as a CO2 neutral city by 2025, and simply – Copenhagen as a better place to live, more space, less noise, cleaner air. In 2010 with a 36% market share bicycles were the most used means of transportation to and from work within the city. The city’s strategy aimsfor 50% by the end of 2015.
Hönnun: Dissing // Weitling Byggingarár - 2014
In 2010 as part of the city’s bicycle policy, a forerunner for the bicycle strategy, a series of initiatives were taken. Amongst these a general consultant tender for what was to become the bicycle bridge Cykelslangen. DISSSING+WEITLING architecture won the tender with Rambøll as sub consulting engineers. Pushing the boundaries – a specific typology The clients brief called for a somewhat minimal bicycle ramp providing an alternative to the staircase. We saw a tremendous potential for the new ramp to become something more than just replacing the staircase. To unfold the ramp from the corner site of the staircase, stretch it out, curve it. Across the water, in between the buildings, and down close to the Bryggebroen. A clear pathway. Hereby not only making it more joyful to ride on, with less steep gradients and better curvature, but also making it an element that could pull together an areawith a multitude of incoherent buildings. We proposed a series of alternatives and discussed them with the client, the City of Copenhagen. And the city listened and contributed to the idea. The city’s project manager brought it up higher in the administration. The budget had to be raised and a dialogue with neighbours to be commenced. Not only did it go through, the city also awarded DISSSING+WEITLING architecture, a year before the bridge was opened, for raising the bar. An award the City Administration has established to further good ideas. Cykelslangen – a winding course The project went from a ramp to an elevated bicycle route. It winds its way and by doing so it makes the bikers inadvertently slow down. A bike route above land and water. And it barely touches either resting on slim columns with a distance of 17 – 20 m. It epitomizes the image of Copenhagen as a bicycle City. The pure joy of cycling. It is orange. Orange so that it may hold
its own elevated place amidst the surroundings. Orange to provide a sense of sensuousluxury. Orange to give it warmth in daytime and at night lit up from the LED strips in the glimmering stainless steel handrails. Cykelslangen is not an elevated bicycle route. It is not an attempt to establish elevated bicycle routes as such, to separate cyclist from the ground level. Bicycles should not be isolated from but rather be an integrated part of city life, street life. Cykelslangen is a specific answer to a specific problem in Copenhagen Structure The bridge is a painted, airtight welded steel structure, carried by a central steel spine – a 75 cm box girder, from which a series of cantileveredstruts, made offolded steel plates, carries the steel plate deck. We aimed for a slim structure, with all parts being structural, hereby reducing the visual impact. We have strived for transparency and simplicity. Structural refinement. The parapet is perceived as a transparent film, no modular hierarchy. In essence underlining the fluidity of movement through space. Celebrating bike riding. Looking out and being seen. The parapet consists of inward leaning steel bars with a circular cross section with a stainless steel handrail. The bridge relates essentially to Bryggebroen but differs in detail, reflecting its functionality, alignment and setting. (http://www.dw.dk/cykelslangen/)
Sönder Boulevard...//SLA In the mid-nineteenth century, the demolition of the city walls and the abolition of the Demarcation Line that for many years had marked off a surrounding strip designated as a no-build zone led to a sudden expansion of the city of Copenhagen. To the west of the old city centre, the neighbourhood of Verstebro was built, this consisting, in keeping with pubic health standards of the nineteenth-century city, of regular street blocks and wide avenues offering sweeping views. The Sønder Boulevard was one the main road axes of this urban development. True to the change of scale enshrined in the new canon, it was endowed with a symmetrical section of almost thirty metres wide and a slightly curved longitudinal section a kilometre and a half long. The centre of this boulevard, which separated two lateral roads, was shaped by means of a grassy parterre that was densely populated with elms and edged by granite boulders. Before long, and as was happening in many other European cities of the time, a rising bourgeoisie avid for metropolitan settings in which to represent itself, enthusiastically took over the Sønder Boulevard as a place to promenade and forge social relations. Over a century later, however, the pleasurable and leisurely spirit of its origins had completely disappeared. In the 1990s, Dutch elm disease, a fungal affliction that attacks the Common Elm, killed all the trees in the central grove. By the turn of the millennium, the daily traffic consisting of some 2,700 cars and over 1,600 motorcycles drastically segregated the devastated central parterre, and practically the only people who used it were those who saw it as a public lavatory for their dogs. ... In 2004, the City Council of Copenhagen decided to earmark almost two and a half million euros to revitalise the sixteen thousand square metres of the promenade and to adapt it to present-day needs. Six workshops were convoked in which residents and local businesspeople were able to express their wishes which in many cases, and as might be expected, were fragmentary and divergent. In view of this, the strategy adopted in order to return to the boulevard its lost relevance and former numbers of people consisted in assigning to the space a great number of
L y k i l o r ð : Félagsleg rými, Endurhönnun, Leikur, Hjólastígar, Gróður, Opið rými, Sveigjanleg rými, Göturými, Tengingar
Hönnun: SLA Byggingarár 2007
uses and a wide range of activities that, by juxtaposition or superimposition, could respond to the all the requirements gleaned in the workshops. Such an assignation of space was given priority over the aim of a coherent and unitary project. The velocity of circulation in the lateral traffic lanes has been reduced by means of speed bumps and the roads have been narrowed from two lanes to one. This has made it possible to add seventeen metres to the width of the central zone, which has been divided into a large number of orthogonal sections of different sizes and treatments. Although some are conceived for specific functions, for example to accommodate sports areas and facilities, zones for dogs, children’s playgrounds or an asphalted cyclo-cross circuit, the great majority of the sections are defined generically.
They take the form of small rectangular areas framed by slight differences of level and initially covered with lawn. However, this is only a provisional finish as, through an arbitrated and regulated process, the residents have the right to transform and use these sections for different purposes. The spaces have undergone progressive transformation as functions are assigned to them and they have become small garden plots, meditation gardens, spaces for barbecues, open-air cafÊs and platforms for performances. A pedestrian path, sometimes paved and sometimes with a gravel surface, is lined with benches and waste paper bins and makes it possible to move through the different sections the whole length of the promenade. New rows of trees have been planted along the edges, grouped according to species, which have been chosen so that they bud, flower and shed their leaves at different times of the year in such a way that the boulevard’s appearance is always changing. In the central section of the route is an area planted with palm trees where blocks of stone from pre-existing rockeries have been distributed in the form of a grid. ... In this intervention, uses precede form. Urban design has been halted in time to give way to users who appropriate the different sections and freely transform them in keeping with their requirements. The form will never be fixed because the Sønder Boulevard is now a flexible, diverse space that is undergoing constant change. David Bravo Bordas, architect (http://www.publicspace.org/en/works/e092-sonder-boulevard)
DAC - Danish Architecture Center // Let´s Play!! In summer 2016 the Danish Architecture Centre and the plaza in front of the building will be converted into a summer, “movement destination”. Outside, in a temporary arena we invite everyone who feels inclined to try their hand at totally new forms of movement. Meanwhile, inside we open a major exhibition, which explores the subject of movement in the city. During the run of the exhibition we will be organising a number of specialist events, in which both professionals and anyone with an interest will meet up to discuss “next practice”. What is the next step to take when it comes to movement in the city? Once upon a time, movement and exercise took place in function-specific settings, such as gyms and facilities designed for the purpose. But in recent years movement has crept into our everyday lives and occupied public spaces. Today the city represents an arena for all sorts of movement for people of all ages. Street sport has made its impact, and playful installations and flexible sports facilities are springing up all over the place. Movement has assumed a prominent role in the city. But it is also found in local pockets and communities, which can be difficult to find your way around in. LET’S PLAY sets out to tell the story of the informal and non-organised movement, which has hit the city in recent years, and to provide Danes with an opportunity to try their hand at new urban forms of movement. The goal is to inspire children, young people and adults of all ages, together with architects and planners, to look at movement with different eyes: not as something you do in specific places and at specific times, but as something that can be a natural and integral part of the city - a source of joy, freedom, fun and fellowship across gender, ethnicity and age. (http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-life/exhibitions/2016/exhibition-lets-play/)
Dagur 3// Norður CPH 10:00 Hittumst á Höjbro plats
Köbmagergade og Kultorvet // Karres en Brands og Polyform Norreport St. //COBE Torvhallerne og Israels plads // Sweco Háskólinn í Kaupmannahöfn // Schonherr Garður Skólans Superkilen// Topotek1.BIG og Superflex Kartoffelrækkerne Rosenborg Slotshave
Degi lokið
Val Metro að Örestad að skoða 8-tallet og fjallið
Köbmagergade // Karres en Brands og Polyform
Robust layout facilitates and stimulates modern city life The curved course of the Købmagergade shopping street is characteristic of the city of Copenhagen. Along with the squares Hauser Plads, Kultorvet, and Trinitatis Kirkeplads, this long street forms a characteristic image of the labyrinthine medieval centre. On one hand, the design by karres+brands and Polyform stimulates the growth of an intensive urban life and, on the other, it is closely related to the rich history of Copenhagen. Købmagergade is a major shopping street and the main link between the city and the busiest station in Copenhagen. The road was known for its shabby decor, a stagnant commercial base, and a lack of connection to the surrounding characteristic shopping streets. A full refurbishment was necessary. KBP, a joint venture of karres+brands and Polyform Arkitekter, won the international competition for the shopping street’s new design, plus three adjacent squares. During the day and through the week, the shopping area has its own rhythm: people biking, walking, shopping, playing, and going out. But supply, garbage, and maintenance traffic is also part of this dynamic. The first step is to make the area clean and empty, so that the flow of people at leisure can find its way. The second step is to choose a strong material: natural stone, a durable material that both lends a contemporary image and connects to the traditional granite boulders in the historic centre. On and along the Købmagergade are three important squares: Kultorvet, Hauser Plads and Trinitatis Kirkeplads. In the design, these history-laden, subtly colour-changing squares shoot from dark coals to bright stars, from Kultorvet to the Milky Way. The organisation of the three squares differs following the historical situation, and they differ from each other according to their place in the city. Kultorvet has a dark, almost black, stone paving pattern inspired by the eighteenth-century coal trade. Kultorvet is the largest square, and has been outfitted with a
Hรถnnun: Karres en Brands, Polyform Byggingarรกr 2009-2013
fifteen-metre fountain and adjoining stage. The fountain is located on the main walking route through which pedestrians are guided in the direction of the shops and terraces. The square’s surface slopes downward toward the centre so that the fountain and events organised there can be seen from its edges. On Hauser Plads, a much quieter square, exciting hills of grass for recreation form a green oasis in the city—and the municipal cleaning services housed underground are like a hidden pearl at first glance. The church square, Trinitatis Kirkeplads, with its famous Rundetårn observatory, changes into a giant sky after sunset by way of 1,000 bright points of light in its surface. In the evening and night, the medieval town has its own mysterious and melancholy atmosphere, especially in the wintertime. This special character is emphasised in the squares through the use of warm, indirect lighting with a few extra touches. Thus it is still possible to see the stars, just as Christian IV did in the seventeenth century from the observatory in Rundetårn. (http://www.karresenbrands.nl/project/koebmagergade)
Hรถnnun: COBE Byggingarรกr 2009-2013
Norreport Station // COBE... Nørreport Station is the busiest station in Denmark with roughly 250,000 people bustling through it daily. The new Nørreport station is composed of a series of rounded, floating roofs, mounted on striking glass pavilions. A study of pedestrians’ preferred routes has formed the basis for the station’s new design, providing an open and welcoming public space with specific thought directed to the needs of cyclists and pedestrians. Ample bike parking will be a main feature accommodating 2,500 parking lots for bikes. In order to create a clear hierarchy between the area for bicycles and the area for city life, all bicycle parking is placed 40 cm below the city floor - as sunken ‘bicycle beds’. (http://www.cobe.dk/project/norreport-station#0)
Public places - people places...
Torvehallerna og Israels plads... Israel Plads, located in the heart of Copenhagen, has been redesigned after years of funding issues, planning deliberation and community consultation. It lies next to Torvehallerne, a covered food market that replaced the traditional Grønttorvet vegetable market. The new square is a lively, informal space marking the transition to the Ørstedsparken. Ten years ago, the square was a desolate, wind-swept place, used variously as a parking lot, an area where locals walked their dogs, and an informal gathering space where students played basketball in makeshift ball cages. The space looked abandoned, messy, almost derelict. Today, it has become a place that bustles with activity and attracts many people every day. Until 1958 the square, then called Grønttorvet, was the location of the city’s major wholesale market. This is where retailers as well as individual clients came to buy fresh food; the market was known for its charming as well as chaotic atmosphere. Soon however, the traffic and logistics that came with the market were no longer manageable in the restricted space of this inner-city neighbourhood and the wholesale market had to find a new location. At the end of the 1950s Grønttorvet became an empty spot in the middle of the city, without any real function, and the potential of an undiscovered urban space emerged. Grønttorvet, renamed Israels Plads ten years after, experienced the same lot as other large inner-city markets, such as the famous Halles in Paris, for instance, which were forced to move to a southern suburb in 1971. The big empty spot left after this transformation created unique possibilities for establishing a major new urban square in the centre of the city. For many years, Grønttorvet looked unattractive despite of its unique central location. Things finally began to change in 2011, when, after 15 years of political and financial quarrels, the project of the two market halls on the northern side of the square became reality. The idea of a covered food market was fortunate in its timing, for it was realized at a moment when people’s
L y k i l o r ð : Félagsleg rými, Endurhönnun, Leikur, Matur, Bílastæði, Opið rými, Markaður, Torg, Vatn
Hรถnnun: SWECO, COBE, Niras og Morten Strรฆde Byggingarรกr 2011
interest for new culinary experiences was growing. Torvehallerne has injected new vibrancy in a once deserted area and has worked as a catalyst, attracting people from all over the city. The organizers of the architectural competition named the team of Sweco, COBE, Niras and Morten StrĂŚde winners for the redesign of Israels Plads in 2007. The winning team presented a simple architectural concept for the square: a “flying carpetâ€? that has landed on the ground, defined as a light granite surface, lifted up 25 centimetres from the ground. Different organic shapes are punched out of the granite surface, providing various sports facilities, such as a ball cage, a skating area, a playground for young children and sitting stairs. The granite plate is recessed from the surrounding facades, leaving sufficient space for car traffic, and descends to meet the street level. Along the facades, a band of traditional Copenhagen pavement with granite slabs and Nordic cobblestones runs around the square, connecting the granite plate to its surroundings. The pavement, in contrast to the light granite of the square, is a reference to traditional Danish building materials and matches the colourful historical facades from the 18th century. (https://www.toposmagazine.com/israels-plads/)
Kaupmannahafnar hĂĄskĂłli , landslagsarkitektĂşr Master of Science (MSc) in Landscape Architecture As an MSc in landscape architecture and urban design, you shape the future urban environments and housing areas, parks and landscapes, so that they provide excellent human and natural settings for many years to come. During the two-year MSc programme in Landscape Architecture you work with design, planning and analysis, in order to create attractive, varied and sustainable urban areas and landscapes which people use actively and thus bring to life. When studying for an MSc in Landscape Architecture, you specialise in landscape planning, green space management or urban design. Within these fields you learn to undertake programming, planning, design and management at local and regional scales, developing competences in architectural method, natural and social sciences. As a landscape architect you are trained as a highly skilled project manager who is able to handle complex and unpredictable work situations that often require new solution models. Thus you will achieve a high level of professionalism which will benefit your future career as a landscape architect. http://studies.ku.dk/masters/landscape-architecture/
Superkilen... Superkilen celebrates diversity in Copenhagen Superkilen is a kilometre-long park situated in the Nørrebro area just north of Copenhagen’s city centre. Superkilen is home to more than 60 nationalities, and is considered to be one of the most ethnically diverse and socially challenged neighbourhoods in the Danish capital. The hope is that Superkilen can help revitalize the area by giving it a global identity and unifying its inhabitants. The park comprises 3 areas: the ‘Red Square’, the ‘Black Market’ and the ‘Green Park’. Bike lanes traverse the park, which features playgrounds as well as spaces for basketball, football, cultural activities, picnics, socializing and relaxing. Multicultural symbolism The park aims to support the diversity of local inhabitants by using globally-found objects which symbolise the home countries of those who live in the area. The objects include neon signs from Qatar and Russia, bollards from Ghana, an imposing sculpture of a bull from Spain and Palestinian soil. It is a world exhibition within the space of just half a mile. “Normally when you design a park in Copenhagen, you only have two or maybe three kinds of benches to choose from. Now we have the entire world (to choose from)”, says Jakob Fenger from the art group Superflex.
L y k i l o r ð : Félagsleg rými, Litir, Fjölmenning, Leikur, Hjólastígar, Gróður, Opið rými, Sveigjanleg rými, Göturými, Tengingar, Lýsing, Yfirborðsefni, Götugögn.
Hönnun: BIG, Topotek1, Superflex Byggingarár 2012
Superkilen is the result of a collaboration between the architects from Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG), Berlin-based landscape architects from Topotek1 and the Danish art group Superflex. Together they have created a fusion between architecture, landscape and art. For the people, by the people The local people were actively involved in the process of choosing the different objects to be placed in the three different areas of the park. “We went traveling with five different groups of people from the Superkilen neighbourhood to a country of their choice, following a specific story or memory that would eventually lead to objects for inclusion in Superkilen”, says Fenger.
The five trips went all over the world and some very different objects were brought back. For instance a sound system from Jamaica, a bull from Spain and a boxing ring from Thailand, all chosen by inhabitants from the area. Each object is described on a small stainless plate next to the object. All of the objects were either produced as exact replicas or purchased and transported to Superkilen.
Three zones, three colours, one neighbourhood The Red Square A red carpet covers the entire square, the lines and edges creating a big red pattern. If entered from Nørrebrogade the square is an open space, serving as an extension to the activities in the nearby hall. The Black Market This is where the locals meet. There are benches and barbeque facilities, tables for playing backgammon and chess, and a Japanese octopus playground. The pattern here is composed of white lines, which curve around the furniture to highlight it. The Green Park The soft green hills appeal to children, young people and families. Many of the sport facilities have been moved here, with brand new pitches for hockey and basketball. The area also attracts people for picnics, sunbathing or just taking a nap on the grass. (http://denmark.dk/en/lifestyle/architecture/superkilen-celebrates-diversity-in-copenhagen)
KartoffelrĂŚkkerne... The “Potato Rowsâ€? is the nickname for this neighborhood, based off the fact that when viewed from above, the row houses look similar to how potatos are planted. What is special about the Potato Rows is that they were named the Most Livable Neighborhood in the World by multiple planning organizations. While the townhouses were originally built in the 19th century to house working-class families, 2 to a house, the houses are now some of the most expensive and sought after real-estate in the city, thanks to their central location, safe streets, and the perfect size homes that allows enough private space but are small enough to force the residents to interact with their neighbors and surrounding. After a quick introduction, Bianca set us loose to find out what exactly made the Potato Rows so livable. While we were milling around I noticed an older man lighting a pipe and watching us. He gave me a friendly nod as I walked by so I decided to try talking to him to get a local perspective. He was a friendly guy and I could tell he loved his neighborhood and loved telling others about it. I found out he had lived there for 10 years and inherited the house from his Mother-in-Law. His sons are probably next in line to get the house but he is in no rush to move out, like most residents . Fortunately, most houses in this neighborhood are passed down family lines, but if one of the houses were to enter the market today, it would be listed for around $6 million DKK!
Dagur 4// Svíþjóð 09:00 Hittumst á Hovedbanegarden Malmö C Varvstaden Malmo live // Scmidt Hammer Lassen Stapelbaddsparken //Metro Arkitekter Bo01 // Klas Tham Alnarp SLU /Lomma Lund LTH Val Hyllie, Emporia Þakgarður Triangeln, StJohannesplein og Konsthallstorget
Malmö Live // Schmidt Hammer Lassen // SLA... Most people know the feeling of wanting to stop in the middle of the bridge when you “are standing on the water”, can observe the city and look along the canal. It is this stay in the middle of the water which forms the basis of the new central bridge in Malmö – a bridge established in connection with the new Malmö Live Concert and Congress Centre. The bridge gathers the old center, with Malmo Live, with a direct and secure connection for pedestrians. The bridge respects the guidelines and requirements to the fairway, while the “floating “seating furniture” also materialize an urban space that invites you to take a break and connects the two sides of the canal.
Hรถnnun: Schmidt Hammer Lassen og SLA Byggingarรกr 2014
places form the framework for the development, which fills the district with a robust and mixed content. the overall structure is laid down in the value plan, while the city blocks between the routes and places can be flexible over time.
Varvsstaden’s three building blocks – the routes, DEVELOPMENt FACtS the places and the development – interact and cre• Development ratio minimum 1.5 ate a unique, characterful and contrast-rich struc• Mixed urban: housing, businesses, service, retail, ture. The building blocks obtain their character multi-storey car park, public attraction from their context. They form a web of differ• At least 50% housing ent functions and characters and together createStapelbäddsa • Around 1,500 homes parken unique whole with an exciting content. It has been • Around 5,000 workplaces establishedMasthusplatsen that the routes, places and functions • A school (preschool-year 9) stated in the value plan are to be located in Varvs• Two preschools staden, but the exact location of the majority of the • Occupation 2014 building blocks is flexible. Dockplatsen
Sto ra V ar v s
gat an
Gängtappen
Klaffbron
Es pl an a
de n
Kockumsparken
Nep tun iga t an
Slottsparken
Malmö Högskola
Ceralia
sp år vä g Kongress, konsert och hotell Citytunneluppgång
Skipulag á Varvstaden í Malmö // Value Based Planning VALUE-BASED VALUE-BASED IS SUSTAINABLE
PLANNING
VALUE-BASED IS SUStAINABLE
The planning program for Varvsstaden has been developed in accordance with a value-based urban The planning program for Varvsstaden has been developed in accordance with aThis value-based development model. form of value planning urban development model. This form of value planning is aboutisdeveloping a long-term about developing a long-term structure structure based onstructures value rather than physicaltostructure. Until now based on value rather than physical structure. Until now physical intended function physical structures intended to function over a over a long period have tended to be too fixed and not allow room for flexibility. This risks losing long period have tended to be too fixed and not althe overall vision for the area and compromising key qualities over time.for flexibility. This risks losing the overlow room all vision for the area and compromising key qualities over time. VALUE PLAN ENABLES FLEXIBLE CONTENT
Djuphavsbadet
Varvsparken Dania parken Turning torso
Bo01
king opens up the possibility of dialogue around common values, feedback on sustainability and a continuous urban development process.
Strategic projects and tools
Ica Maxi
Dockan Stapelbäddsparken
Stora Varvsgatan
Malmö högskola
Citytunneln
Kockumsparken
Centralen
Kockums fritid
VALUE PLAN ENABLES FLEXIBLE CONtENt
The planning program for Varvsstaden contains a “value plan” in which theprogram City offorMalmö specThe planning Varvsstaden contains a “valueon plan” in which City of Malmö specifies ifies a general structure and prioritised values, such as an emphasis quality andthesustainability. a general structure and prioritised values, such as The value plan enables a flexible content, which can vary over time as needs and prerequisites an emphasis on quality and sustainability. The vachange. A number of strategies are linked to this plan, which have a complementary function lue plan enables a flexible content, which can vary over time as needs and enable followup in the local plan phase. This method of working opens upand theprerequisites possibilitychange. of A number of strategies are linked to this plan, which dialogue around common values, feedback on sustainability and a continuous urban development have a complementary function and enable followprocess. up in the local plan phase. This method of wor-
Skånes dansteater
Scaniaparken
Stortorget Ribersborgsstranden
Lilla torg
Malmö museum
Gustav Adolfs torg
Kungs- och Slottsparken
Varvsstaden is located in the south-eastern part of Västra Hamnen.
MODEL FOr VALUE-BASED UrBAN DEVELOPMENt Values
The ring outside the vision contains the guiding values for the work the vision. These are the planning program main priorities and should drive both the direction and intentions of the work towards the vision. These values are linked to the physical structure’s three building blocks: the routes, the places and the development. The structure’s main features are summarized in a value plan.
Strategies
Values Vision
Core Using the model for value-based urban development, continuous feedback takes place to the
Strategies
The next ring in the model contains the strategies
VALUE-BASED IS SUStAINABLE
The planning program for Varvsstaden has been developed in accordance with a value-based urban development model. This form of value planning is about developing a long-term structure based on value rather than physical structure. Until now physical structures intended to function over a long period have tended to be too fixed and not allow room for flexibility. This risks losing the Core overall vision for the area and compromising keyThe qualicore describes the area’s current situation and states the problems for continued development. ties over time. Djuphavsbadet
Skånes dansteater
Scaniaparken
Varvsparken
Dania parken
Turning torso
Bo01
Ica Maxi
Dockan
Stapelbäddsparken
Stora Varvsgatan
Malmö högskola
This is the basis of the vision so that it is not superficial. The core anchors the project to the place. Citytunneln
Kockumsparken
VALUE PLAN ENABLES FLEXIBLE CONtENt
Centralen
Kockums fritid
Vision The planning program for Varvsstaden contains a “value plan” in which the City of Malmö specifies The ring around the core describes the vision for the plan area. The vision must be engaging in order a general structure and prioritised values, such toasunite many forces and interests to work in the same direction. an emphasis on quality and sustainability. The value plan enables a flexible content, which can vary over time as needs and prerequisites change. Values A The ring outside the vision contains the guiding values for the work the vision. These are the planning number of strategies are linked to this plan, which have a complementary function and enable followprogram main priorities and should drive both the direction and intentions of the work towards the vision. up in the local plan phase. This method of worVarvsstaden is located in the south-eastern part of Västra These values are linked to the physical structure’s three building blocks: Hamnen. king opens up the possibility of dialogue around thearoutes, the places and the development. The structure’s main features are summarized in a value plan. common values, feedback on sustainability and continuous urban development process. Stortorget
Ribersborgsstranden
Lilla torg
Malmö museum
Gustav Adolfs torg
Kungs- och Slottsparken
Strategic projects and tools
Strategies
Strategies The next ring in the model contains the strategies laid down in the planning programme for creating the qualities and the character described in the vision and the values. These strategies are tools that help to prioritise in the continued planning and development of the built environment. MODEL FOr VALUE-BASED UrBAN DEVELOPMENt
Strategic projects and tools Values ring contains strategic projects and tools for planning, quality and design. These strategic The outermost ring outside thefocus vision and contains guiding projects The require an extra are the crucial for achieving the vision. The tools are the documents values for the work the vision. These are the planneeded for planning as local plans, localisation studies and quality programmes ningthe program mainprocess, priorities such and should drive both the direction and intentions of the work towards the vision. These values are linked to the physical structure’s three building blocks: the routes, the places and the development. The structure’s main features are summarized in a value plan.
Values Vision
Core Using the model for value-based urban development, continuous feedback takes place to the core and the vision throughout the process.
Core
The core describes the area’s current situation and
Strategies
The next ring in the model contains the strategies laid down in the planning programme for creating the qualities and the character described in the vision and the values. These strategies are tools that help to prioritise in the continued planning and development of the built environment.
The planning programme has been developed in collaboration between the City of Malmö and the landowner Peab Sverige AB. The participants are Tegnestuen Vandkunsten and White Arkitekter AB. Illustrations developed by White Arkitekter AB.
Kristina Nilsson, Officer Planning Programme Varvsstaden, Malmö City Planning Office Tel: +46 40 34 22 92 or +46 709 34 22 92 Email: kristina.nilsson14@malmo.se Ulrika Signal, Project manager Västra Hamnen, Malmö City Planning Office Tel: +46 40 34 90 32 or +46 709 34 16 27 Email: ulrika.signal@malmo.se
lanning Office. Jun 2011.
CONTACTS
STAPELBÄDDSPARKEN Stapelbäddsparken was completed in 2005 and is in many ways ground zero for the collaboration between the City and the skaters of Malmö. When Bryggeriet pitched the idea of a large outdoor concrete park, they wanted it to be made by the best and situated at the heart of the city. The City of Malmö were impressed by the sense of responsibility the skaters felt for their scene and saw the value in creating a skateboarding destination in Malmö. With the departure of the shipping industry, plans for new coastal neighborhoods were brewing and the City of Malmö wanted young people to have a place in those areas. The open terms of engagemant of skateboarding meant that the park would be more than a sports facility, It would be a social hub for young people from all over Malmö. Situated in the old shipyard slipway, the park was built by Bryggeriet, Stefan Hauser and his company Placed To Ride. The park consists of a bowl landscape and a street inspired area. It is a public park, completely free and the size is about 3000 square meters. 2014 saw the addition of a series of skateable metal sculptures to the open square. The sculptures are moved to create new constellations from time to time. 2016 saw the addition of a series of granite benches for the dual purpose of sectioning off the footpath and adding to the street area. Stapelbäddsparken skatepark was created in collaboration with the skaters of Malmö. The park is primarily meant to be used for skateboarding. Have fun! Quick facts about Stapelbäddsparken Construction year: 2005 Area: ca 3000 square meters Material: Concrete Disciplines: street, bowl, pool Address: Stapelbäddsgatan 3 211 19 Malmö Sweden
Sollekplatsen In the mid-1990s, the city’s playground stock was getting a little old and tired. Instead of replacing the old standards with more of the same, Malmö City Council made a policy decision to begin building themed playgrounds with custom designs. It was a new playground paradigm, providing children and families with a richer play experience in terms of both imaginative and physical play. Djurlekplatsen, Animal Playground, was the first of the new themed spaces out of the blocks in 1997. There are now a total of twenty themed playgrounds in the city catering to all age groups. Spend a morning with the small ones at Fairytale Playground, dipsy doodle over to The Spiral Playground with sculptures by Beatrice Hansson and then start trekking for a safari at the Africa Park. Sollekplatsen er einn af þemaleikvöllunum í Malmö. (https://playgroundology.wordpress.com/2012/02/06/the-playground-paradise-principle-malmo-sweden)
Bo01 An Ecological City of Tomorrow - Malmö... In Malmö in southern Sweden, a sustainable district has grown up in the wake of the Bo01 housing exhibition. In 2001, the exhibition showed off visionary types of dwelling, with people, aesthetics, ecology and technology part of the plan from the outset. The housing exhibition site has since developed into the district known as Bo01 (Live01) where the emphasis for the town planners has been on high-quality permanent housing solutions, architectural diversity and urban spaces. Malmö’s inhabitants have already embraced the district which has become one of the city’s most popular excursion spots. Bo01 is a recently developed district in the Västra Hamnen (West Harbour) growth area on the outskirts of Malmö. The district has approximately 600 homes, offices, shops and other service trade premises. The objective is for the district to be a leading international example of environmental adaptation and social sustainability in a densely built-up area. It is hoped that Bo01 will strengthen sustainable growth in Västra Hamnen and Malmö as a whole. The district’s previous history has a housing exhibition has underpinned the development of innovative housing solutions that give sustainability and aesthetic appeal pride of place. At first sight, there is nothing particularly sustainable about Bo01, but the district has sustainable solutions designed into it since it was on the drawing board. The focus has been on three aspects in particular; use of resources, planimetrics and emotions & aesthetic appeal. Private players, who have been responsible for the physical realisation of the district, were urged to think holistically and to show consideration for the surroundings in relation to the individual housing units. Built-in nesting boxes for birds and sustainable vegetation, for example, are a natural element of Bo01.
L y k i l o r ð : Félagsleg rými, Hafnarkantur, Rými, Sjálfbærni, Vatn, Orka, Græn þök, Líffræðileg fjölbreytni, Þétting byggðar, Nýbyggingar.
Hönnun: Klas Tham hannaði masterplanið ásamt Skipulagssviði Malmö Byggingarár 2001
Consumption of resources in Bo01 is minimised e.g. by wind turbines, which provide all the district’s electricity. Solar panels on the roofs supply a fifth of the heat, the remainder coming from thermal heating and Malmö’s existing, super-efficient district heating system. Recyclable and organic materials are sorted and contribute to energy production by the city’s biogas plant. The residents of Bo01 are encouraged regularly to check their energy consumption on information panels installed in each home. In addition to this, paths and cycle tracks have been given high-priority as has the use of healthy materials in the dwellings and surroundings. Sustainability in Bo01 also concerns interaction between the people who live in the area, and objectives have been laid down regarding different forms of ownership in order to reduce the formation of ghettos. Furthermore, design and architecture create aesthetically pleasing urban spaces and attractive places where residents can get together. This is manifest in such details as protection against the wind and pleasant outdoor areas with a good view and proportions to which residents can relate. In order to ensure a sustainable resource management and recreational and aesthetic values, water in the district flows through an ingenious system of ponds, open channels and moss-covered roofs. The 175 hectare artificial island of Västra Hamnen was bought by the Municipality of Malmö in 1996, and the idea was to develop an entirely new eco-district. Over the last 10 years, the municipality has transformed the island from a polluted industrial area to an environment-conscious district with homes, businesses and recreational areas. A fundamentally sustainable approach to planning of the building instructions has been key in the creation of the district. Bo01 crowned the achievement, with its innovative concepts and new technologies which have improved environmental standards in the area. Bo01 has been highly praised as an exciting, ambitious and thought-provoking success, and the people of Malmö have embraced the district, especially its harbour promenade.
Sustainability under scrutiny Despite Bo01’s ambition of creating mixed forms of ownership to reduce the risk of ghetto formation, the residents of Bo01 constitute a homogenous group. The district has been criticised because it is only home to well shod, healthy, white residents despite the fact that 40% of Malmö’s population was born outside Sweden. The lack of diversity is due to the high price of homes in the district; a three-room flat in Bo01 starts at around SEK 2 million (GBP 170,000), which is more than twice the national average price. The fact that the dwellings have large areas of glass, some facing the sea, means that the residents of Bo01 have to cope with hefty heating bills. Cars are also allowed in Bo01, which was originally planned for less than one car per household. Today many homes have one or more luxury cars. For the first couple of years the district rented out the electric cars to residents but removed them again because they were not used. Although there are many cycle tracks and special bus routes, the largest transport-related problem is the shortage of parking spaces. A multi-storey car park has been built as a result. In Bo01, sustainability and the residents’ lifestyle clash. Because of the residents’ prosperous lifestyle, house prices and design, critics do not believe Bo01 has become the shining example of low energy living the municipality of Malmö had hoped for. (http://www.dac.dk/en/dac-cities/sustainable-cities/all-cases/master-plan/malmo-bo01---an-ecological-city-of-tomorrow/?bbredirect=true)
Alnarp // SLU.. In one of Europe’s largest campuses for education in Landscape Design, Landscape Planning and Landscape Management and Construction, this Master’s programme gives you a possibility to in-depth studies in varied areas of Landscape Architecture. You will get a deeper understanding of the relation between man and the environment and learn how to handle the processes of landscape change in the modern society. The campus of SLU Alnarp is located in the Öresund region close to Malmö and Copenhagen in one of the most vital regions of northern Europe with four universities nearby. All the courses are delivered in English and the student population is a mixture of Swedish and international students. There is an international approach to assignments and literature at the programme, but you will get to know Scandinavia and the southern region of Sweden through projects and studies. http://www.slu.se/en/education/programmes-courses/masters-programmes/landscape-architecture/
Lund // LTH... The School of Architecture and Built Environment at LTH is home to the Sustainable Urban Design Programme. Education in the programme focuses on the design of urban places and environments both in a practical and theoretical way. It deals with subjects related to sustainable urban design, such as environmental planning, city and regional planning, urban design, urban space analysis, urban heritage, and urban sociology. The Sustainable Urban Design Programme offers a two-year master’s degree programme. Individual studio’s and courses in the Sustainable Urban Design Programme are also open to School of Architecture students, foreign and Swedish exchange students, and ERASMUS students from around Europe. Students from all design disciplines, including architecture, landscape architecture and physical planning schools are welcome to apply. With an interdisciplinary approach and an international setting the Sustainable Urban Design Programme explores concepts of sustainability and encourages ongoing discussion and exploration. With lectures and seminars including city planners, engineers, social scientists and other professionals from around the world, students are involved in the critical analysis and discourse of sustainability. http://www.stadsbyggnad.lth.se/english/education/