Fishermen's Hub

Design thesis report

F i shermen’s Hu b Activity Cent r e

EZYAN AMNI MOHD IZAT M.ARCH 04

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1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

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Background Issues Project Aims & Objectives Thesis Statement

1 .1 BACKGROU ND |

Project Description

Qu a l ity if L ife i n Malaysi a?

HIGH

VERY HIGH

MEDIUM

DATA UNAVAILABLE

LOW

source : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_country | World map indicating the categories of Human Development Index by country (based on 2015 data, published on 24 March 2017).

Malaysia is aiming to be a developed country by 2020. To achieve this, several efforts have been placed in order to accelerate the country’s development. A country is not valued as developed by its economic achievements and rapid progress of development alone, but, the quality of life and well-being of its people play also a significant role. Developed countries are characterized by higher incomes, better educational achievements, better public health and higher life expectancy for example. One of the biggest challenges for the Malaysian government to realize their aim is to ensure that no gap exists in quality of life between various groups and communities, in particular between urban and rural communities. For those living in areas such as the water-edge communities, challenges arise as they live isolated and are especially vulnerable. Therefore, the government needs to ensure that these communities have equal quality of life comparable to their urban.

FACTS & FIGURE - Fishermen Socio-Economic & Household data 8000

Financial

Primary school

Primary school drop-outs

5000

Fish Resources

<RM690

>RM6,001

7000 6000

RM5,001 - RM6,000

Lower Secondary school

4000

RM690 - RM1,000

RM4,001 - RM5,000

Marketing

Skill Worker

RM3,001 RM4,000

3000 Upper Secondary school Religious school

No education

2000 1000

High school

Cert/ Dip

Degree

Unknown

Fuel / Ice cost

RM1,001 - RM1,500

RM2,001 - RM3,000

0 Catchment area

Number of Fisherman by Educational Levels and State, Malaysia 2007/2008

RM1,501 RM2,000

source by : Corporate Planning Division for Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia

3000

Shallow Estuary Commercial

Semenanjung

0

Traditional

2500 0

2000

5000

10000

15000

Fishermen Incomes from Fishing by Categories, Malaysia 2007/2008

1500

2000

4000

6000

8000

source by : Corporate Planning Division for Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia

source by : Corporate Planning Division for Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia

1000

Self-ownership Lodging

Sarawak

500

Unknown

75 ++

70 - 74

65 - 69

60 - 64

55 - 59

45 - 49

40 - 44

35 - 39

30 - 34

25 - 29

20 - 24

15 - 19

50 - 54

Sabah

0

10000

Types of main problem faced by fishermen in Malaysia 2007/2008

Number of Fisherman By Age Groups and State, Malaysia 2007/2008 source by : Corporate Planning Division for Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia

• The Definition of Fishermen is an individual actual/active worker (Captain/Taikong/Operator) catching marine fishes using registered boats.

• The Definition of Commercial Fishermen is a fisherman using the tuna seine net, trawl net, seine net and ‘pukat kenka’.

• The Definition of Traditional Fishermen is a fisherman using all traditional nets but not commercial nets.

Squatter Rent Unknown

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

Status of dwelling Ownership among Fishermen ,Malaysia 2007/2008 source by : Corporate Planning Division for Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia

1 .1 BACKGROU ND |

Project Description

W h o a r e th e se wate r-e dge commun ity ?

Fishermen - someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish and sometimes live near to the water-body.

Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period

More industrialized

1

Less industrialized

Higher per capita income level

Ahmad (2003) “ Poverty rate of Malaysian commercial fishing households was higher at 10.2% compared to the traditional fishing households at 7.1%. “

2

Lower per capita income DEVELOPE DEVELOPING NATIONS NATIONS

Population are generally stable

Citizen consumes large amounts of natural resources

Consume less amount of natural resources

“ Fishing and crop farming are the two sectors in which the incidences of poverty are the greatest “ Stanford, 2013; Rashed-Un-

3

Rapid population growth

Stanford, 2013; Rashed-UnNabi., 2011; Dien, 2009

Nabi., 2011; Dien, 2009 “ Poverty level of fishermen and other population groups, other variables, such as health and education, and access to basic amenities, constitute important dimensions of investigation for a comprehensive analysis of this community “

4

Béné and Friend, 2009 “ Fishing communities are frequently characterized by over-crowded and sub-standard living conditions, low levels of education, and poor access to services like schools, health care, and infrastructure, such as roads or markets “

source : Poverty evaluation in the Malaysian Fishery Community by Saeed Solaymani a,*, Fatimah Kari b Center for Poverty and Development Studies (CPDS), Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Sc ena r i o s & S ituati on Fish was people’s food and chicken was rich people food

70’

Fisheries sector in Malaysia is an important source of food, employment and foreign exchange

Eventhough, the fisheries sector contribute significantly to GDP, the fishermen in Malaysia still have a high incidence of poverty

Fish became rich people food the price also rise and chicken became people’s food

90’

2015 till 2013 now ( 2017)

2002 to 2010

2004

41 million worked as fishers and fish farms as full or part time

Total catch of fish increased from 16,000 tons in 2002 to 120,000 tons by 2010.

Fishing as the main source of income contribution of fisheries sector to GDP was 1.37% and to agriculture sector was about 11%

because of....

Vagaries of climate & nature

Institutional Factors

Lack of assets and other skills

Illegal fishing practices

Global / Regional Forces

Breakdown in social capital

source : Determinants of Factors That Affect Poverty among Coastal Fishermen Community in Malaysia by Ali Mohamed Omar Rhoumah

1 .2 ISSUES |

Problem Statement

F i s h e r m e n in Te re ngganu e spe ci ally ?

1

2

A proper space for fisherman There is no specific space for the fisherman to properly do their daily acticity

Educational or skill?

-A fisherman needs to know a basic skill how to fishing,

Architectural Issues Lacking of Public Facilities Lack of public facilities for the villagers not only for fishermen but also who involve in produced of keropok lekor

Social Issues Rapid urbanisation / Gentrification effect the fisherman’s daily activity - Due to construction site and also may cause water pollution or air pollution

3

No sense of identity Gap in between public and the city itself - the growth of the city not parallel with it’s people

4

- what is the real identity of Seberang Takir, as is it a real fishermen’s village

Lack of public facilities for the villagers not only for fishermen but also who involve in produced of keropok lekor

Pollution awareness - waterways had been very important public transport since 60’s had lost its function.

Public awareness issues

Climate Issues The Importance of fishery industry in Malaysia

Poverty in Fisheries Industries - to look back to the main factor of poverty, can it be improve and how to improve? Individually and in community?

- to create an awareness to Malaysian the importance of fish in daily live and also to our country itself

Monsoon season

Fresh water Aquaculture ?

- how these fishermen do to gain money and survive daily live

- does Aquaculture help? what is the consequences.

1 .2 ISSUES |

Problem Statement

Nu m be r o f f ishe r man i n Malaysi a source by : Corporate Planning Division for Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia

Percentage of Fishermen at East Coast Region

West Coast Highest number of fisherman with 37% compare to other region

East Coast Central Region Southern Region 0

500

1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Kelantan

20 %

Terengganu

55 %

Pahang

25 %

Number of fisherman in Malaysia (Peninsular) 2007/2008 source by : Corporate Planning Division for Fisheries Development Authority of Malaysia

Perabot Keropok Kraf tangan Pertukangan dan membaiki bot Seberang Takir Fishermen Village is located next to the Kuala Terengganu suburb which is by the river and estuary. The village is clearyly not far from Pasar Payang and Bazar Warisan. There are two ways to get to the village either by road or boat miners. The miners boat is synonymous with Seberang Takir because it is a water transportation that is often used for Kuala Terengganu especially Pasar Payang because the distance is closer than if by road. With fare of RM 1.00 for one way journey, you can experience how to ride miners boay and see the lives of villagers there.

Propose site - n.t.s

At Seberang Takir, tourist will experience a different atmosphere with the city of Kuala Terengganu. Although there have been many changes in the fishing village, the remains of traditional life can still be seen here. Tourist are recommended to visit the village in the morning as there are many daily activities there. Tourist will be able to see directly how Seberang Takir creek is produced from the process of frying fish until finished cooked. You can also buy a slice directly from the manufacturer of the crumbles here. Almost 80% of the sales of lekor at Pasar payang are produced from the businessmen of Seberang Takir keropok lekor.

1 .3 PROJ EC T A IMS & OBJEC T IV E S |

THE W Factors

Ai m & O bj e c tive s

AIM The aim for this project is to revitalize the existing fishermen’s activity area based on the concept of adaptablity and flexibility of the site towards the development but at the same time must reflect back to the principles and characteristics on physical environment ( coastal area ) and the relationship with the fishemen community

OBJECTIVE 1 To analyse the design challenge of different programs injection that will be apply into the built form which reflects back a local values and lifestyle of the community

OBJECTIVE 2 To outline the design strategies that can be implemented which aims to preserve the identity of the place as fishermen’s village

OBJECTIVE 3 To revive the existing ecosystems at the site and integrate with the context.

T h e W f a c to r s

W H AT ? propose a hub or centre for fishermen at a water-edge area to improve their life and community

WHY? • Transforming Fishermen From Traditional To Technologically-Equipped • To make the coastal fishing sector productive and profitable via sustainable management • To increase the productivity and income of traditional fishermen and local economic

HOW? provide a space for fishermen focusing on the occupational needs as they need space for their equipment, boats, nets, cold storage facilities and workshop

WHERE? Seberang Takir, Terengganu

WHO? involve several parties • Fishermen • Fish mongers • Tourist • Entrepreneurs • Authority • Marine Investor • Ecologist

1 .4 T HESIS STATEMENT |

The Keywords

T h e P ur p o se

The purpose of the project was initiated to rejuvenate and integrate the current fish landing area through proposing the Fishermen’s Hub and Activity Centre. The project focuses on to improvise the livehood of fisherman by providing them conventional space with better facilities for their equipment, boats, nets, cold storage facilities and workshop . This will establish a new improved way of living while providing employment and enjoyment to the people who living there as it will also focus on certain goals to achieve a sustainable building design. The main challenge for this thesis is to make the current architecture elements in that area and the urban fabrics on surrounding to be adopt to the building and clearly interpreted.

“ creating a place that embraces the role of a hub and icon for the town and become a fundamental part of the Seberang Takir – a place for fisherman and everyday visitors, one that honors the livehood of fisherman ”

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2.0 THE CLIENT

2.1 2.2

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Client’s organisation Client’s Mission & Vision

2 .0 T HE CLIENT |

Client’s background

E s t a bl ishm e n t of the Malaysi an Fi sh eries D evelopmen t Au th ority The Malaysian Fisheries Development Authority (LKIM) is a statutory body under the Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry incorporated under Act 49 of the Fisheries Development Authority Act 1971. This Act is effective for states in Peninsular on 1 November 1971; in Sarawak on 1 July 1973; and in Sabah on 1 August 1995 O b j e c tive s •

Establish a progressive fishermen’s community by 2015

•

Increase the national fishery harvesting sector productivity to 1.7% annually

•

Facilitate the increase of aquaculture production up to 10% by 2015

•

Support the Agro-based Industry development

•

Increase marketing efficiency and marketing pathway

•

Transform the national fishery infrastructure by 2015

•

Increase competency of officers and staff-members effective as of 2011

•

Establish a permanent communication system by 2015.

Cl i e n t’s O r g a n i sati on

Fishermen Association Development Unit Programmes/Activities

Fishermen Association Management Monitoring Unit Programmes/Activitiess

Fishermen Village and Residence Development Unit Programmes/Activities

Wellbeing Development Unit Programmes/Activities

Community Development Unit Programmes/ Activiti

Fund Management Unit Programmes/Activities

2 .1 CL IEN Tâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S ORGA NISATION | T h e bo a r d s

T h e C o l l a bo r a t or s

The Boards & Collaborations

2 .2 MISSION & VISION |

The Keywords

Vi s i o n Leader of Fisherman Development and National Fisheries Industry.

Mi s si o n •

Forming a fishermen community progressively, independent and progressive.

•

Increase production and ensure adequate supply of fish and meet standards.

•

Provides modern and integrated fishery infrastructure facilities.

•

Produce competent human capital

LKI M F un c ti o ns •

Promote & advance efficient and effective management of companies and fish marketing.

•

Establish and supervise credit facilities for fish production and ensure that these facilities are

fully utilized.

•

Participate in fishery enterprises and for that purpose participate in the construction of boats

and production of fish supplies and equipment.

•

Encourage, motivate, facilitate and pursue economic and social progress of Fishermen’s

Associations.

•

Register, control and supervise Fishermen’s Associations and provide for matters relating

thereto.

T h e C o l l a bo r a t or s

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3.0 DESIGN BRIEF

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

Programmes Target Users Clientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s requirement Schedule of Accomodation

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3 .1 PRO GR A MMES |

Building programmes

T h e Ma i n P r o g r amme and the i mpo rtance of th e bu ildin g Seberang Takir is recognized as a fishermenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s village in Terengganu since 1947. Recently an urbanization has been taking place at Seberang Takir caused deterioration of identity as fishermenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s village thus affecting economy and social wellbeing of the fisherman community.

In order to face this challenge, the brief is initiated to develop the built environment that would serve as hub and activity centre for the fishermen at this area. The centre operates as a place for them to do their daily activity as main program and to close the gap of life condition and improve their lives by improve and vocational knowledge and at the same time to promote the awareness among the public about the cultural value of the livehood of the fishermen.

At higher level, this centre is suggested to become a hub to empower the fisherfolks and be hospitable to both traditional and new industries that help the local economy to stabilize and grow.

Fishermen activities

Jetty Fish landing area - fish collection area Fish distribution area Boat parking area Net mending area Fishing equipments area Boat repair/making area Tenement Rest area Prayer area

Wet kitchen area Dry kitchen area Frying space Storage space Serve area/ Cafe

Batik and Keropok Lekor processing area Lounge area Play area Food and beverage

Playing area / Rest and relax / Open space Accomodation Lounge area Fishing deck Open gallery

Tourism sector.

Drawing space Waxing space Dyeing space Finishing space Storage space Shop gallery Prayer area

3 .2 TARGET USERS | TYPE OF USER

Fishermen

User and programmes

OBJECTIVES/ PURPOSES

C AT

to rejuvenate the community through providing the facilities for local fishermen to catch, process and sell their products, in turn reengaging the surrounding community with their cultural heritage.

to be a community center where the community can gather for group activities, social support and public information

Local

to connect with a marketplace and eatery where the fish is sold to the public

to preserve identity and introduce about history and culture of the place (batik and keropok lekor making)

Entrepreneurs

Travellers / tourist

to provide a platform for young entrepreneur to expand their credibilty and creativity at the same time creating jobs for them, exploit all potential and develop the economic, commerce, tourism

A Fish Hu Acitivt

3 .3 CL IEN T’S REQUIREME NT |

TA LY S T

hermen’s ub and ty Centre

PROGRAM

Building programmes

S PAC E S

Fishermen’s Communal Space Fishery Jetty Batik Making Space & Open Gallery Cultural Heritage Edutainment

Keropok Lekor Processing Space & Eatery area

Leisure

Cold storage / Fish Market

Tourism

Cafeteria / F & B

Commercial

Commercial Fishing Deck

Public / Local

Retails / Commercial Accomodation / Cottage Industries Open space / Playing area

3 .4 SCHEDULE OF ACCOMODAT ION |

SOA

The Soa

311.60

471.00

305.00

600.00 195.00

436.00

100.00 180.00

129.00 60.00 159.00

210.00

Tourism 20 %

Administration 8 %

Waterfront 10 %

Reception 10 %

Management office 20 % Keropok Lekor Production Area 12 % Batik Making area 10 %

Surau 60 %

Administration

Market Place 25 %

60.00

Fishermen’s Common Space Worker facilities 10 %

Fishermen’s Common Space 40 %

156.00 Workshop area 20 %

Accomodation 10 %

30.00 30.00 Fishery 40.00 Area 10 % 50.00 37.50

Hall 25 %

30.00 180.00 20.00 8.00

60.00

3 .4 SCHEDULE OF ACCOMODAT ION |

159.00

SOA 210.00

The Soa 156.00

60.00 30.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 37.50 30.00 180.00 20.00 8.00

1115.00

72

1

72

72

72 16

1 4

72 64

136

72 72

1 1

156

12

1

72 72 0 12

32

1

32

16 12

1 1

16 12

16 16 12

1 1 1

16 16 12

44

72 72 16

1 1 1

72 72 16

160

60

Washroom 5%

Commercial area 40 %

Indoor working space 20 % Handmade Batik ‘Canting’ Area Waxing area 10 %

Semi-outdoor working area 30 %

Raw fish processin area 25 %

Commercial area 30 %

Keropok Lekor Production Area

Packaging & Loading area 20 %

Reception lobby 10 %

Lounge 20 % Kneading area 10 % Hot area 10 %

Accomodation

Cottage 55 %

Eating space 15 %

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4.0 SITE ANALYSIS

4.1 4.2 4.3

Macro Level Micro Level SWOC Analysis

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4.1 MACRO LEVEL | Kua l a Tere n ggan u Ku a la Te r e n g ganu

BESUT

SETIU K.TERENGGANU

MARANG HULU TERENGGANU

DUNGUN

Negeri Terengganu Population

source : Rancangan Struktur Negeri Terengganu 2010/ pdf

541 , 112

1, 055, 943 population

514 , 831 0

30

100000

200000

300000

600000

Government Services Trading, Hotel & F&B

Manufacture & Industrial

15

2002 2015

Construction

10 5

500000

Agriculture,Forestry, Breeding & Fisheries

25 20

400000

Mining & Quary

Oil, Elec & Water

0 Socio-Economic and Statistic Negeri Terengganu

source : Laporan Ciri-ciri Ekonomi Penduduk, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia

Transportation & Financial Logistic services & Properties

Other Services

4.1 MACRO LEVEL | Kua l a Tere n ggan u Ku a la Te r e n g ganu

4.1 MACRO LEVEL | Kua l a Tere n ggan u

4.2 MICRO LEVEL | Kg. S eb eran g Tak ir Ka m pun g S e berang Tak i r 5

22

6 3

2

4 7

8

1

9 22

10

23 17

18

19

20 11

15

13

16

21

14

12

1

ECER DEVELOPMENT AREA

6

PONDOK POLIS SEBERANG TAKIR

11

TERMINAL PENUMPANG K. TERENGGANU

16

PASARAYA HOCK KEE SENG

21

CONSTRUCTION AREA

2

SHOP HOUSES AREA

7

JETI BOT PENAMBANG SEBERANG TAKIR

12

PASAR PAYANG

17

WATERFRONT AREA

22

PERKAMPUNGAN NELAYAN

3

MASJID KAMPUNG SEBERANG TAKIR

8

PULAU PAK SOH

13

PEJABAT POS

18

FOOD COURT

23

PULAU DUYUNG

4

JETI BOT PENAMBANG SEBERANG TAKIR

9

PULAU SEKIJANG

14

BANGUNAN MARA

19

ECER DEVELOPMENT AREA

5

MASJID JAMEK SERERANG TAKIR

PULAU TAKIR

15

DATARAN SYAHBANDAR

20

NEW WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT

10

Ka m pun g S e berang Tak i r | Mi cr o Site An alys is

Proposed site

Figure ground

Pedestrian network

Q

Pulau Takir

Water body

Vegetation and wind flow

Sun Path

4.2 MICRO LEVEL | Kg. S eb eran g Tak ir Si t e Mo r p ho l o gy 2006

2011

2013

18 SEPT 2014

10 APRIL 2015

8 JAN 2017

Vegetation at the site

Proposed Green space

Proposed pedestrian route Maximize views towards Duyung

Existing jetties will be demolish

Proposed services to use existing road

Private beach front

Si t e I m a g e s A

C

B A

B

C

Transportation circulation

Pedestrian circulation

4.2 SWO C ANA LYSIS | Kg. S e be ran g Tak ir Si t e C o n te x tual S tudi e s Existing Fishermenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Village

Q Wind flow (Night)

Vi ew

Proposed site to wa

Existing vegetation

rd

sP

ul

au

Existing vegetation

Du yu

ng

Sunrise

Sunset

Wind flow (Daylight)

water body

Transfer boat from P.Payang

Transfer boat from P.Payang

STRENGTH Good frontage - view towards pulau Duyung Strategic Location - The site is located near to the beach area which will attract more people to come - Can be seen from Jeti Kuala Besut

Future Dev ( Hotel )

Vi Pa ew sa tow rP a ay rd an s

WEAKNESS Lack of public facilities - Poor accessibility - No proper secondary road - Abandoned open space area - Less architectural approach - Undevelop area

Include in ECER Development Area

OPPORTUNITIES There a lot existing vegetation and the design can respond to the context to achieve sustainable goal There is no proper fishermenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hub for the communities to use Additional programmes can be add during monsoon since the fishermen cannot go to fishing - meeting place/ cultural place The site is just next to ECER Development Area.

CONSTRAINTS A bit far from main road but still can be seen from afar due to its nice location and no taller buildings blocking the site Corrosion might be occur slowly, specific precaution must be prepared and well studied.

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5.0 PRECEDENT STUDY 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2

Fish Market In Bergen Building Concept Programmes

5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2

Cam Thanh Community House Building Concept Programmes

5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2

Visegad Town Center Building Concept Programmes

5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2

Kelong Achech Johor Building Concept Programmes

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5.1 . 1 FISH M A RKET IN BERG E N | Bu il d in g C on ce p ts G en e r a l I n fo Architect Location Area Project Year

: Eder Biesel Arkitekter : Strandkaien 3, 5013 Bergen, NorwayProject : 4260.0 sqm : 2012

Bu i l d i n g C o n c ept

The flexible glass façade provides shelter towards wind and weather.

The building shall meet all conceptional urban requirements while blending into the historical context and creating an image for the market place by means of modern architecture.

View towards Heritage area

Heritage area

He rit

age

are

a

Squ are

Instead of just let it open, they used transparent glass façade on the ground floor continues to provide the view at the worldculturalheritage„Bryggen“ via the market hall .

As it is a fish market at the centre of the town, they need to control the hygiene of the heritage area

He ri

tag

View

ea

rea

Internal circulation / Building entrances External movement

5.1 . 2 FISH MA RKET IN BERG E N | Programme s Ar c hi te c tur a l Appe ar ance 1

2.

3.

Floating construction volume is a roof and creates the protected part of the marketplace.

The flexible glass faรงade provides shelter towards wind and weather.

The faรงade can be opened on warm summer days.

Bu i kd in g P r o gramme 1.

2.

3.

Pavement : Granite Glass facade Wooden Louvre

Fish market area, storage space, cold storage and freezer space, production area, wardrobe area, restrooms, technical unit room, tourist information centre

5.2 . 1 CAM TH A NH COMMU NI T Y HOUS E | Bu il d in g C on ce p t s G en e r a l I n fo

Architect Location Project Area Project Year

: 1+1>2 : tp. Hi An, Qung Nam, Vietnam : 550.0 sqm : 2015

Bu i l d i n g C o n c ept Inspired by the traditional courtyard of the ancient house, areca garden and featured vines of the rural area, Cam Thanh Community Centre â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the embodiment of Hoi An culture â&#x20AC;&#x201C; creates the symphony of shades and voids.

Ma t e r ia l

1.

The coconut leaves roof 2.

Strong wood columns and bamboo frame support the large and sloping-in roof, collecting rainwater for reuse in irrigation and daily activities 3.

Wall : Brick

5.2 . 2 CAM TH A NH COMMU NIT Y HOUS E | Programme s Ar c hi te c tur a l Appe ar ance

Bu i kd in g P r o gramme

• • • • • • • •

Exhibition, Multi purpose hall, Library, Conference meeting, Lobby, Cafeteria, Open garden, Storage

5.3 .1 VISEGA D TOWN CEN T RE | Bu il d in g C on ce p ts G en e r a l I n fo Architects Location Design Team Landscape Architects Area Project Year

: aplusarchitects, S73 Studio : Visegrad, Hungary : Tamas Anna Maria, : S73 Studio : 370.0 sqm : 2014

Bu i l d i n g C o n c ept Emphasis on the utilization of the existing and idle buildings The events hall can be found at the place of the town hall, designed originally, in the façade of the medieval German townâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s main square. Its role is to provide a face for the town center with being a gate towards the Danube, on the other hand it creates connection between the big and the small events squares.

B

Health house

Small events square

A

A Event Space

B

5.3 .2 V ISEGA D TOWN CENT RE | Program me s Ar c hi te c tur a l Appe ar ance The building functions as a secondary façade, as a membrane, and it is transformable. Wood possesses the features, which meant solution for the problems arose. Natural, local and traditional building material, which also ages fairly and it is alterable, if necessary it can be ‘eliminated’ without any problem

Bu i l d i n g P r o g ramme The refurbishment of the public spaces is adjusted to the current and real needs of the town. As part of the public spaces program, the yard of the Health-house was formed, which is used as a bio market at the weekends. The smaller events square between the events buildings and the Health-house is suitable for organizing minor town programs, a public square calibrated to the size of a small town.

A B

A

B

5.4 .1 KEL ONG ACH EH | B uil d in g C on ce p ts G en e r a l I n fo Kelong Acheh Resort is one of the resorts in Malaysia that located at the sea. Nowadays the resort becomes more popular especially for the anglers. In bahasa, ‘kelong’ means a place for fishing breeding and it also a fishing area for anglers. Kelong Acheh now aims to cater not only avid anglers but also visitors & tourists who simply want to have a restful, reflective & relaxing stay by the sea.

Pulau Achech

Pulau Tengah

Boat ride 15- 20 minutes

Bu i l d i n g C o n c ept Actually, the jetty is not only for visitors of the Kelong Acheh Resort, but also been used by the fishermen to bring out the fish that they catch at the sea. Most of the fish will be selling at the market nearby

The main structure to build the resort – used nibong trunk as column, make the uniqueness of the resort design. But materials that been used to join the structure are steel. It is not practical in term of safety aspect because all steel become rusty.

5.4 .2 KEL ONG ACH ECH | Programme s Ar c hi te c tur a l Appe ar ance

Bu i l d i n g P r o g ramme Overall design of the resort is very traditional because of the main materials that been used are from the natural elements like nipah leaves (wall and roof â&#x20AC;&#x201C; will be change every 3 years) and nibong trunk (pillar). However, the mix woods and colours for certain structure make the resort not in standardize of design.

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6.0 DESIGN APPROACH

6.1 6.2

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Theories Application of Design Concept & Principle

6 .1 T HEOR IES | E l em en t s o f Trad ition al Mal ay Hou se D e s i g n & L ayo ut Basically, the traditional Malay house can be divided into the front and back portions which are centred around the rumah ibu (the core house) and the dapur (kitchen) respectively. At the entrances of most traditional Malay houses, stairs lead up to a covered porch called the anjung. The porch acts as a good transition space between the public and the private domains The dapur (kitchen) is always situated at the back of the house.

selang is a closed walkway used to link the kitchen and the rumah ibu together.

Often used by the womenfolk as a space

The side entrance to

to chat and socialise.

the kitchen is also located here.

public semi-public private

the rumah ibu, which is the core area and the largest area in the house where most activities are conducted.

the serambi gantung (hanging verandah) where the place where most guests are entertained.

private

semipublic

anjung also acts as an important focal point for the entrance

public

Ad a pti n g to th e cli mate

A(a) allow adequate ventilation for cooling and reduction of humidity

B

use building materials with low thermal capacity so that little heat is transmitted into the house;

C(c) control direct solar radiation and glare from the open skies and surroundings

D(e) protect against rain E(f) ensure adequate natural vegetation in the surroundings to provide for a cooler micro-climate.

T h e E x te r n a l Envi ronme nt of the Malay Hou s e

2

1

3

1) Coconut Tree 2) Attap Roof - made from natural 3) Separate toilet -- easy to build and manage 4) Drainage - Water waste from kitchen drained and soaked into sandy soi 5) Compound - children play area 6) Storage space

7

6

5

4

7 ) Riased floor - to prevent floods and provide privacy

6 .1 T HEOR IES | 5 Po i n t s o f New Arch ite ctu re T h e Po i n ts

1

Pilotis

Replacement of supporting walls by a grid of reinforced concrete columns that bears the structural load is the basis of the new aesthetic

2

Free designing of the ground plan

The absence of supporting walls - means the house is restrained in its internal use

3

Free design of the facade

Separating the exterior of the building from its structural function - sets the facade free from structural constraints

4

Horizontal window

Which cuts the facade along its entire length, lights room equally

5

Roof garden

On a flat roof can serve a domestic purpose while providing essential protection to the concrete roof

6 .1 T HEOR IES | A r c h i t ec t ur e an d Th e S e n se s

By Ju ha n i Pa l l asma Eyes will attracted to the beautiful shape of the building and the vibrant colour that capture the eyes whether itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the outer shell of the building or the interior

to smell the air which can get the smell of the wood ,bamboo which are natural material and the smell of natural elements

Experiencing architecture through human senses

Sounds reflect in a space, and that way it gives us an impression of its form and material. We could redefine space by shifting our attention from the visual to how it is shaped by resonant sounds, vibrations of materials and textures.â&#x20AC;?

Sense of tasting is more abstract ,definitely not with my tongue but by tasting the stories or meanings from the buildings , through tasting and feeling , u can feel the atmosphere in the building, understands the story that the building wanted to convey and the history of the buildings itself

to feel the texture of material been used in buildings, smooth or harsh surface

6 .2 APPL IC ATION | o f D es i gn C on ce p t & Prin cip l e Con c e p tua l S ite Planni ng PEDESTRIAN ROUTE

MAIN ENTRANCE

Boundary line Setback line

3.58 acre

Block up the whole site

Fish Landing

Pedestrian

Tourist Jetty

Contextual consideration and open plan concept Programe injection based on idea &concept and SOA

Program injections and space configuration

Transportation consideration and facility & amenity Space omitted

Space reduction based on the area required.

Space omitted

6 .2 APPL IC ATION | o f D es i gn C on ce p t & Prin cip l e Con c e p tua l S ite Planni ng SERVICE ROAD

OPEN SPACE

views towards New development ( Green open space )

Space 1 Space 2 Space 2

Program massing configuration

views towards Pulau Duyung

and

Responds to the context Connecting space to other space for continuity

Transportation consideration and facility & amenity

Program injections and space configuration

Linkages

Linkage connection from space to space

Facade application

Roof cover

Program injection and green area and facade installation

Green area

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7.0 DESIGN PROPOSAL

7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4

Site Layout Analysis Floor Plans Building Sections Elevations

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7.1 SIT E L AYOUT A NA LYSI S | S ite Pl an Si t e P l a n

7.2 FL O OR PLA NS | G r o un d Fl oor Pl an G r oun d F l o o r Plan

Me z z F l oor Pla n

7.2 FL O OR PLA NS | Up p er Floor Pl an s Up p e r F l o o r p l ans

2nd F l o o r P l a n

1st F l o o r P l a n

7.3 BUIL DING SECTIONS | S e ction AA - BB Sec t i o n A-A

Sec t i o n B -B

7.4 B UIL DING ELEVATION S | S e a Fron t & Fron t El ev ation s F r on t E l ev a tio n ( Fr on L and)

Sea F r o n t E l ev ati on

PART B : TECHNICAL STUDY

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8.0 SPECIAL STUDY 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4

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Introduction Brise Soleil Application of Special Study into design Mock-Ups

8 .1 IN T RODUCTION | Fa c a de S tu dy FACADE STUDIES A facade is the exterior wall or face of a building, and it usually involves design elements like deliberate placement of windows or doors. Depending on architectural style, these elements have a certain order to them. While the word ‘’facade’’ can signify any external wall of a building with a design element, it often refers to the front wall with an entrance. Often, the front facade has more elaborate or special architectural treatment than the rest of the structure. A facade can be imposing, decorative, or rather simple

8 .1 IN T RODUCTION | Fa c a de S tu dy

8 .2 BRISE SOLEIL | S p ec i a l Stu dy Br i s e S o l e i l A total of 11 different Brise Soleil structures (V1 to V11) were tested with a sun study for their efficiency to create shade on the south, east, and west facade. Many structures work well for the south facing facades, but show weaknesses when the sun is low in the east and west.Evaluated was the shaded area created on the facade for each direction for three relevant seasons and times of day.

This study evaluates the efficiency of the protection against the sun of the structures, which are hardly ever built any more, and recommends the Brise Soleil structure type best suited.

8 .1 IN T RODUCTION | Fa c a de S tu dy Brise Soleil is a structure used to protect a building from the sun, usually consisting of horizontal or vertical strips of material Briser in French translates as ‘to break’ and Soleil means ‘sun’, so Brise Soleil in English literally means ‘To Break Sun’

N

925 am (July)

N&S

W&E

OPT 1

1145 am (July)

N&S

W&E

OPT 2

N&S

W&E

OPT 3

420 pm (July)

8 .3 APPL IC ATION INTO DE S IG N | S p e cial S tu dy Ba t i k Te r e n g g anu Malaysian Batik is batik textile art of Malaysia, especially on the east coast of Malaysia (Kelantan, Terengganu and Pahang). The Malaysian batik is also famous for its geometrical designs, such as spirals. The method of Malaysian batik making is also quite different from those of Indonesian Javanese batik, the pattern is larger and simpler, it seldom or never uses canting to create intricate patterns and rely heavily on brush painting method to apply colours on fabrics. The colours also tend to be lighter and more vibrant than deep coloured Javanese batik

8 .3 APPL IC ATION INTO DE S IG N | S p e cial S tu dy W hy B r i c k wa l l?

The wide range in which pieces of masonry can be arranged allows for multiple spatial configurations. Born in a furnace, the brick adorns and reinforces, protects andâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;to various degreesâ&#x20AC;&#x201D; brings natural light into spaces that need slight, natural illumination. The traditional clay brick was the starting premise for designing a utility model that would provide new solutions to Reduce thermal discomfort in order to minimize the use of climate control devices and also to Address the lack of new sustainable energy solutions in construction that are available to everyone.

8 .4 MO CK-UPS | Fa c ad e S tud ie s

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9.0 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

Introduction Timber & Concrete Construction Construction Details Sectional Perspective

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9.1 IN T RODUCTION | S t r uc t u ral Syste m

9.1 IN T RODUCTION | S t r uc tu ral Syste m

ROOF TRUSSES A common truss is recognizable by its triangular shape and is most often used in roof construction. Each roof truss has pros and cons, and it must be designed to suit specific conditions and purposes. Sometimes a roof truss can make sense as it will be able to meet certain design weather considerations that can trigger special building code requirements.

9.2 T IMB ER & CONCRETE C ONS T RUC T ION | S tru ctu ral Syst em Roof f l o o r c o n str ucti on Timber-concrete-combination systems have increasingly been used in recent decades. One of the main reasons for this development is related to application that could not be built with timber alone, but that become possible with a timber-concrete solution. For this project the application of steel structure is not a main choice. The basic features of corrosion fatique are described in the light of recent research which are of great importance for the performane of steel structures, which could not react well with seawater (salt).

WHY TIMBER ROOF STRUCTURE Using timber for overall roof structure is the good decision as timber is : Timber is Hygroscopic Timberâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s moisture content changes depending on its surrounding. The temperature and humidity of the surrounding atmosphere and the amount of water already in the wood will determine whether wood absorbs or loses water vapour. In this case, the site itselft require a building that can adapt to the natural surrounding.It is also high resistance to corrosion in water, it will only erode at a rate of 0.25 inch per century Renewable People have been used timber for building for thousand of years. As it is continually being grown in our forests and plantations. New trees need to be planted to replace those harvested, and then the timber will continue to be available Excellent insulator Insulation is very important to reduce the amount of energy used to heat and operate the building. As timber is a natural insulator and can reduce energy needs especially when it is used in windows, doors and floors. Timber is eight times better than glass; 15 times better than concrete; 390 times better than steel and 1,700 times better than aluminium.

High Performance in Fire Timber structure performs better during a fire compared to steel or concrete. This is because steel will buckle and concrete will crack and crumble very suddenly under high temperatures.

Easy to work Timber is very versatile and can be used in a variety of ways. Due to light structure of timber, it is easy to install and can be worked with simple equipment. Plus it will also reduce the energy needed for construction.

9.2 T IMB ER & CONCRETE C ONS T RUC T ION | S tru ctu ral Syst em ROOF LEVEL

Ridge cap tiles

Fuschia board : The shape is inspired from Terengganu Traditional Malay House

Timber roof structure:

Timber roof truss structure

Clay brick wall

Cement render wall finishes LEVEL 2

Homestay unit

Reinforced concrete column

Reinforced concrete floor beam

Clay brick wall

LEVEL 1

Stainless steel railing

Reinforced concrete floor beam

Brise Soleil facade inspired from Batik Pattern

Outdoor r.c staircase with stainless steel railing Raised floor with r.c floor slab GROUND LEVEL

Ground floor r.c beam

9.3 CON ST RUCTION DETAIL S | S tru ctu ral Syste m D e t ai l s

Spacer tray

Clay brick wall

Soffit Ventilation

Timber truss

Timber rafter

Bolts and nut

R.c wall

Clay brick wall

T shape beam

Concrete r.c foundation

9.3 CON ST RUCTION DETAI L S | S tru ctu ral Syste m

Insulation

Gutter

Timber rafter

Bolts and nut

Timber frame

Tension joint Bolts and nuts

Timber frame Concrete r.c foundation

Timber floor

9.4 SECT IONA L PERSPECT IV E | Natu ral Ve n til ation ap p roac h By creating a multiple layer open space structure which meets the demand for natural ventilation natural lighting and views of communal centre while maintaining nice interior and exterior.

Cool air enter the building

Truss timber frame helps the space during hot weather

Air flow

Open interior space with minial partition allow good ventilation

WIND FLOW DIRECTION

Cool air from the r.water harvesting pool flow into building space

Large roof eaves for effective sunshading

Hot air outlet

RAIN WATER HARVESTING COLLECTION

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10.0 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5

Sequence of Compliances Establish Parameters Site Planning Requirement Passive Fire Fighting Active Fire Fighting

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1 0 .1 SEQUENCE OF COMPLI ANC E S | Diagramatic Draw in g

5

4

7 8

1 6

2

1

6

8

1 3 7

9

2 1

1 2 3 4 5 6

Escape Staircase

1

Place of assembly

7 8

7

Firemen’s lift

8

Fire lobby

1

2

Hose Reel riser Water tank

1

Sprinkler tank

8 7

9

Sprinkler network

2

ESTABLISH PARAMETERS

BOMBA LEGEND

1.1

Designation of Purpose Group

Hydrant

1.2

Categwory of Topmost Floor

Clean Gas Control Panel

1.3

Active Provisions ( Tenth Schedule )

Clean Gas Nozzle Clean Gas Tank

2

SITE PLANNING REQUIREMENT

CO2 / 2kg CO2 Portable Fire Extinguisher

2.1

Access Road ( By-Law 140 )

DP / 6 kg CO2 Portable Fire Extinguisher

2.2

External Hydrant ( By-Law 225 )

Foam Portable Fire Extinguisher Low Expansion Foam Tank and Nozzles

3

PASSIVE FIRE FIGHTING

Hose Reel

3.1

Compartmentation ( By-Law 136 )

Fixed Internal Hydrant System

3.2

Escape Staircase

Exhaust Fan

3.3

Travel Distance

‘KELUAR’ Sigh Light Fitting

3.4

Distribution & Positioning of Staircase

Alarm Bell Breakglass

4

ACTIVE FIRE FIGHTING

Heat Detector

4.1

Hose reel

Smoke Detector

4.2

Fire Detector System

Automatic Fire Detector System

Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System

4.3 Generators 4.4

High Expansion Foam System

1 0 .2 ESTABLISH PA RA MET E RS | Pu rp ose grou p D e s i g n a tio n o f Pur pose Group Determining fire purpose group of the spaces of the building by refering to Fifth Schdule Fifth Schedule : Designation of Purpose Groups ( By- Law 134,138 )

1.2

Category of Top Most Floor

Determining the top most floor and designated floor level (level of escape / safety) Category of Top Most Floor

Top most floor

4.5 m 4.5 m 6.0 m

Public space, Food and beverages area, Surau, Library & Accomodation ( Chalet )

Designated Floor

Designated floor

4.5 m 4.5 m 6.0 m

Lift lobbies, Gallery, Fish landing area, Seating area, Waterfront and Services

1 0 .2 ESTABLISH PA RA MET E RS | Active Prov ision Ac t ive P r ov i si on Determining the active provision required for this building by referring to Tenth Schedule Tenth Schedule : Table of Requirements for Fire Extinguishment, Alarm System & Emergency Lighting ( By-Law 226(1), 237(1), 134 , 138 Purposed group

1(ii)

PG -II

PG-III

1(i) (a)

1(iv) (a)

Educational Occupancies (iv) Library (a)Single storey - less than 1000sqm

2(a)(i) 1(a) PG- VI

PG- VII

5(b)

3

Fire Alarm System Note 3

Emergency Lighting Note 4

Educational Occupancies (i) canteen/kitchen detached Educational Occupancies (ii) Used for instructional purposed only, open design balcony approach (a) 1 or 2 storey

1(i)(a)

Extinguishing System Note 2

Usage

No

Hotels (i) Open design balcony approach with open staircase with extended lobby or tower staircase (a) 1 storey less than 20 rooms Hotel and dormatories (a) (i) Factory Single Story (a) Less than 750 sqm Factory Special structure (b) Wet processes (b) Hazardous processes

- - -

- - - - - - - G 2 c - A, B, C, D, E or F 2 a

Hazardous areas ( Boiler room & Kitchen )

A, B, C, D, E or F

a

Summary A - Automatic Sprinkler

Therefore, under Tenth Schedule, active provision that this building requires are :

B - Water Spray System C - High Expansion Foam System D - Carbon dioxide system E - Approved Halogenated Extinguishing Systems F - Other Automatic Extinguishing System G - Hose reel

a - Signal point units 2 - Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System

Top most floor is 2nd Floor Listing the requirement for this buildings’ category either top most floor • below 18.3m or • top most floor above 18.3 m and below 30.5m This building is 22m high but the top most floor 15m, Thus, the category is below 18.3m ( 5 storey and below ) BE L OW 1 8 .3 ME T E R ( 5 S T OR E Y A N D B E L OW ) F I R E R E QU I R E M E N T 1. External hydrant 2.

Hose reel

3.

Fire Escape staircases

4.

Compartmentation

5.

Internal hydrant (dry riser)

6.

Fire fighting access lobby

7.

Fire fighting staircase

8.

Fire lift & firemen’s switch

9.

Designated floor

c - Generators

1 0 .3 SIT E PLA NNING REQ. | Pu rp ose grou p Ac c e ss Ro a d Determining the width and coverage for fire appliances access By - Law 140, Fire Appliances Vehicular access to the exterior of a building is important to enable the appliances to reach the suitable height according to the building’s height. Access requirement increase with building size and height By _ Law Clause 140, Fire Appliances Access All building in excess of 7000 cubic metres shall about upon a street or road or open space of not less that 12 metres width and accessible to fire road or open space of not less that 12 metres width and accessible to fire bridges appliances. The proportion of the building abutting the street, road or open space shall be in accordance with the following scale :

Volume of building in cubic meter 7000 to 28000 28000 to 56000 56000 to 84000 84000 to 112000 112000 and above FLOOR LEVEL

GROUND FLOOR

SPACES

FISH LANDING AREA BOAT MAKING AREA OFFICES (FISH) LOBBY BATIK HOTEL/GALLERY/SERVICES OPEN AREA

SUBTOTAL

MEZZ FLOOR

FISHERMAN HOSTEL OFFICE 1 OFFICE 2 HOTEL OFFICE

SUBTOTAL

1ST FLOOR

KEROPOK LEKOR FISHERMEN AREA BATIK AREA HOSTEL OPEN SPACE/CIRCULATION

SUBTOTAL

2ND FLOOR

SERVICES / CAFÉ LIBRARY/SURAU CHALET AREA OPEN SPACE / CIRCULATION

SUBTOTAL

GRAND TOTAL

Minimum proportions of perimeter of building one- sixth one-fourth one-half three-fourths island site

VOLUME(M) 15486.85 248.59 245.03 992.19 5160.32

22132.98 943.09 315.68 498.22 298.49

B

A

2055.47

2705.47 1573.93 2870.82 3145.09

C

10295.30 3199.56 3446.39

C

6645.94

41129.70

NOTE : Appliance access from main road is sufficient if the building volume does not exceed 28,ooo cubic meter which area C > 1/6 ( A + B + C + D )

1 0 .3 SIT E PLA NNING REQ. | Pu rp ose grou p E x t e r n a l F i r e Hydrant Determining the position of external hydrants surrounding the building By - Law Clause 225(3) , Fire Hydrant Additional fire hydrant shall be provided depending on the size & location of the building By - Law Clause 225(2) , Fire Hydrant Every building shall be served at least one fire hydrant located not more than 91.5 meter radius and 30 meter to the entrance Design Consideration Fire hydrant should be located • Away from obstruction such as street furnitures • Not less than 2m from buildings • Not more than 91.5 apart from each hydrant

FIRE HYDRANT (BUILDING PERIMETER) (EVERY 91.5M) LENGTH NUMBER FIRE HYDRANT NEEDED 485 5

LENGTH PERIMETER ALL

Distance of hydrant from one another

H1

H2

76.46 meter

H3

H4

62.18 meter

H2

H3

90.1 meter

H5

H1

83.75 meter

H3

H2

H4

Main Entrance

H1

Fire hydrant

Fire appliance access road

H5

Fire hydrant radius

Building volume :

41,128 meter 3

Total building perimeter : Road width :

485.00 meter

7.3 m

Road coverage in building perimeter :

344.00 meter

1 0 .4 PASSIVE FIRE FIGH TING | C om p artme n t Com p a r tm e n tati on Determining the need compartmentalisation of spaces Fifth Schedule : Dimensions of building and Compartment ( By - Law 136 ) Wet area ( Open structure) Hotel & dormatories Boiler room ( Hazardous area) Institutional Shop Factory - NR Hotel & Dormitories Largest floor area : Occupancy load : No. of person / floor : Capacity exit for staircase : Total exit width Exit width required : Exit width provided : Staircase required : Additional staircase : Total staircase required :

Dormitories

1131.18 24 gross/unit 47 person per floor 45 person No. of person / Capacity exit 1.0 units Total exit width x 0.55 0.6 meter 1.5 meter exit width required / exit width provided 0 units 1 units 1 units

Boiler room ( Hazardous area ) Largest floor area : Occupancy load : No. of person / floor : Capacity exit for staircase : Total exit width Exit width required : Exit width provided : Staircase required : Additional staircase : Total staircase required :

Boiler room

131.90 1.5 net/unit 88 person per floor 75 person No. of person / Capacity exit 1.2 units Total exit width x 0.55 0.6 meter 1.5 meter exit width required / exit width provided 0 units 1 units 1 units

Institutional Largest floor area : Occupancy load : No. of person / floor : Capacity exit for staircase : Total exit width Exit width required : Exit width provided : Staircase required : Additional staircase : Total staircase required :

Institutional

956.94 2 net/unit 478 person per floor 60 person No. of person / Capacity exit 8.0 units Total exit width x 0.55 4.4 meter 1.5 meter exit width required / exit width provided 3 units 1 units 4 units

Shop Largest floor area : Occupancy load : No. of person / floor : Capacity exit for staircase : Total exit width Exit width required : Exit width provided : Staircase required : Additional staircase : Total staircase required :

Shop

901.82 6 gross/unit 150 person per floor 60 person No. of person / Capacity exit 2.5 units Total exit width x 0.55 1.4 meter 1.5 meter exit width required / exit width provided 1 units 1 units 2 units

Largest floor area Largest floor area : Occupancy load : No. of person / floor : Capacity exit for staircase : Total exit width Exit width required : Exit width provided : Staircase required : Additional staircase : Total staircase required :

Largest floor area

6645.94 6 gross/unit 1108 person per floor 60 person No. of person / Capacity exit 18.5 units Total exit width x 0.55 10.2 meter 1.5 meter exit width required / exit width provided 7 units 1 units 8 units

1 0 .4 PASSI VE FIRE FIGH T I NG | C omp artme n t D i s t r ibutio n & Posi ti oni ng of S tai rcas e Seventh Schedule : Calculation of Occupant Load and Capacity of Exits ( By-Law 167(2), 168(2), 170 (c), 171(c), 175 ) LEGEND Escape staircase

Hose reel vertical pipe

Escape vertical route

Travel distance based on purposed group

Fire access road

Final Exit

Fire hydrant 2nd Floor Plan

Assembly point

1st Floor Plan

Mezzanine Floor Plan

Ground Floor Plan

1 0 .5 ACT IVE FIRE FIGH TING | C omp artme n t Ho se Re e l Determining the number of hose reel required by floor Tenth Schedule, Table of requirements for Fire Extinguishment Alarm Systems and Emergency Lighting By- Law 225(1), 237(1),, By -Law 244 (b) By -Law Clause 244 (b) ; Hydraulic Hose Reel

BS 5306 Part 1 : 1976 Standard requirement for Hose Reels • All hose reels shall be located at every 45m at every floor level, near to fire fighting access lobbies Design Consideration (From UBBL Tenth Schedule)

• The hose should maximum ranging 30m i radius • One hose reel should provide for every 800sqm of usable space • Hose reel are usually located in prominent position at each floor level along escape routes besides exit doors or staircases

HOSE REEL CALCULATION PER FLOOR

Hose Reel calculation

FLOOR LEVEL

Area of coverage : 30 m radius (1/800 sqm)

GROUND FLOOR MEZZ FLOOR 1ST FLOOR GROUND FLOOR

No of hose reel per floor : GFA(m 2 ) / 800 a) 1st Hose reel :

600 galloons

b0 Next hose reel

300 galloons

:

NUMBER HOSE REEL NEEDED (AREA/800SQM)

AREA (SQM)

SUBTOTAL

4848.04 685.16 4216.27 3897.09

6 1 5 5 17

G e n e r ator S e t Location of Genset room in Plan • A genset is a electrical generator

GENSET ROOM REQUIREMENT ( 2SQM FOR 1000SQM)

located closed to the end user.

TOTAL AREA 13646.55

• used as back-up source of power

10% CIRCULATION 3.01

(GFA/1000) X 2 GENSET SIZE REQUIRED + 10% 30

HR1

HR1

HR2

HR3 HR4

HR5

HR6

Ground Floor Plan

Mezz Floor Plan

GENSET SIZE PROVIDED 53

1 0 .5 ACT IVE FIRE FIGH TING | C omp artme n t F i r e D ete ctor Syste m Determining the number of fire detector required by floor Tenth Schedule. Table of Requirements for Fire Extinguishment Alarm System and Emergency Lighting (By-Law 225(1) , 237 (1)) By-Law 244 (b) Fire Detector System comprises of two types which are :

• Automatic Fire Detectors System

• 2.Manual Electrical Fire Alarm System

• Monitor fire detectors and break glass

• Manual call points and alarm bells to be lo-

• Monitors fire fighting equipment

cated along escape routes

• Controls indicator and M&E equipment • Provide signals to Bomba and other system

4m

Hi g h Expansi on Foam Syst em Location of high expansion foam tank in plan High Expansion foam system is a stable mass of small, air-filled bubbles that has a lower density than oil,petrol @ water Consist of 1. Nozzles 2. S prinklers

HR

Hose reel Fire Extinguisher & alarm Exit sign

HR1 HR1

HR4 HR4

1st Floor Plan

2nd Floor Plan

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11.0 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM 11.1 11.2 11.3

Introduction Water Capacity Calculation Water Vertical layout

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1 1 .1 WAT ER SU PPLY SYSTE M | Diagram atic Draw in g

7

1

3

5 5

6

5

3

1 2 3 4 5 6

Water supply from main

7

Direct supply to kitchen

2 3

3

Water meter

3

6 3 5

Domestic Water Tank Downfeed distribution pipe Sanitary fittings Rainwater collection

5

G r av i ta tio n a l D ownfe e d Di str i b ution Sys tem Determining the active provision required for this building by referring to Tenth Schedule T h e w at e r s u p ply system tha t is us ed for this buildin g is gravition al down fe e d d ist r i b u t i on s ys t e m . T he sour ces of the water is provided by the authority of Ku al a Te r e ng g a n wh ich is by Syari k at Ai r Ter eng g anu Sd n. Bh d (SATU) through c o m m o n t r e nc h i n g. Di r ect p ip e s a r e connec ted direc tly f rom main pipe ( af ter the r e ad in g me t e r) t o t h e sp a ce s tha t n e e d c l e a n w ate r such a s kitchen an d res tauran t. This is bec aus e this f un c t io n o f t h i s s p a c e s ne e d the cle a n wa ter for preparin g the food an d drin kin g.

Fo r n on- d i re ct p ip es (which is us ed for n on-drin kin g purposes s uc h as t o il e t s , ba s in , t oi l e t p um p, for cle a ning a n d etc) the water is supplied direc tly to su c t io n t a n k . F rom t h e suction ta nk, the w ater is then dis tributed to other tan ks whic h i s d om e s t i c wa ter ta nk, sp r inkler tan k, an d wet riser tan k. The volume of su c t io n t a n k i s 1 / 3 of tota l wa te r suPp ly n eeded for domestic an d wet riser tan k. Th e pr op o s ed d om e s t ic wa te r ta nk is loca ted at roof levelto allow easy down feed dis t r ibut i o n s o t h at t he system ca n function well.

A DVA N TAG E S OF DOW NFE E D DISTRIBUTION S YS T E M S : • Wa t e r i s not a ffected by p e a k loa d hour • No t af f a c t e d by p owe r inter r up tio n s • T i m e ne e d e d to r e p la ce b r oken p arts does n ot affe c t t h e w at er sup p ly

1 1 .2 WAT ER CA PACITY CA L C UL AT ION | Dom e stic Wate r Wa t e r C a p a c ity Calculati on Ground Floor Level SPACES MALE TOILET URINAL FEMALE TOILET OKU TOILET CAFÉ KITCHEN

SUBTOTAL

1st Floor Level

GROUND FLOOR WC 5 3 3 1 0 0 12

TAP 5 3 3 1 0 2 14

SPACES MALE TOILET URINAL FEMALE TOILET OKU TOILET CAFÉ BATIK KITCHEN ACCOMODATION

BASIN 7 0 3 1 5 2 18

2nd Floor Level SPACES MALE TOILET URINAL FEMALE TOILET OKU TOILET CAFÉ KITCHEN ACCOMODATION

SUBTOTAL

1ST FLOOR WC 6 3 6 1 0 0 0 6 22

SUBTOTAL

TAP 6 3 6 1 2 2 2 6 28

BASIN 6 0 6 1 2 2 2 6 25

Total sanitary fittings 2ND FLOOR WC 3 3 3 1 0 0 5 15

TAP 3 3 3 1 2 2 5 19

SPACES GROUND FLOOR 1ST FLOOR 2ND FLOOR

BASIN 3 0 3 1 3 3 5 18

TOTAL SANITARY FITTING WC TAP 12 14 22 28 15 19 49 61

SUBTOTAL

BASIN 18 25 18 61

Therefore..

Calculation for the capacity of the water needed is based on : Water closet Tap Urinal Basin

Domestic Water Capacity Calculation

40 gallon / unit 20 gallon / unit 40 gallon / unit 20 gallon / unit

CAPACITY OF WATER FITTING

TOTAL NOS OF UNIT

STANDARD CAPACITY

49 9 61 61

40 gallon / unit 40 gallon / unit 20 gallon / unit 20 gallon / unit

WC Urinal TAP BASIN

GRAND TOTAL

CALCULATION (gallon needed) 1960 360 1000 400 3720

Ta n k S i z e c a l c u lati on & locati on Water Tank for Hose Reel

Domestic Tank

WATER TANK FOR HOSE REEL

DOMESTIC TANK

HOSE REEL CALCULATION PER FLOOR

Calculation for the capacity of the water needed is based on : 1 tank module (1.2x1.2x.1.2) 400 gallon 3720 Total domestic water capacity 3720 gallon / 400 Therefore

FLOOR LEVEL GROUND FLOOR MEZZ FLOOR 1ST FLOOR GROUND FLOOR

9 domestic tanks

Sprinkler Tank SPRINKLER TANK

Sprinkle tank calculation FLOOR LEVEL

AREA (SQM)

GROUND FLOOR 4848.04 MEZZ FLOOR 685.16 1ST FLOOR 4655.05 GROUND FLOOR 3897.09 SUBTOTAL nos of sprinkler

Nos of SPRINKLER NEEDED (AREA/10SQM) 485 69 466 390 1409

Calculation for the capacity of the water needed is based on : 1 system /1000 system Nos of sprinkler/1000 1 system Standard tank size (cubic 400 gallon meter) 1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2 Noted that, 1 system 3000 gallon So,capacity of water 4226 gallon

Nos of tanks = total capacity/ standard tank size

11

NUMBER HOSE REEL NEEDED (AREA/800SQM)

AREA (SQM)

TOTAL HOSE REEL

4848.04 685.16 4655.05 3897.09

6 1 6 5 18

Calculation for the capacity of the water tank needed : First hose reel 2275 litres 600 gallons Each additional hose reel (req.

1137.5 litres 300 gallons extra) Total nos of hose reel Hose reel tank capacity

Total capacity required UKGallons to cubic cubic meter ( x 0.0045461) Standard tank size ( 1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2 )

No. of tank required

18 hose reel (1 x 600 gallons) + (17 x 300 gallons)

5700 gallons 25.91 cubic meter 1.728 cubic meter Total capacity (in cubic meter) / 1.728

15 tanks

sprinkler tanks

Total Water Tank required ; TOTAL TANK TANKS

DOMESTIC TANK SPRINKLER TANK HOSE REEL TANK

TOTAL TANKS

TOTAL WATER TANKS NEEDED

TOTAL WATER CAPACITY REQUIRED

9 11 15

3720 4226 5700 13646

35

1 1 .3 WAT ER VERTICA L LAYOUT | Ve rtical l ayou t Ver t i c a l l ayo ut LEGEND Domestic tank

Suction Tank

Rain water collection

Hot water tank

Recycled grey water for irrigation & water closet

Cold water supply

Hot Water Supply

Suction tank to Domestic tank

|

12.0 SANITARY & SEWERAGE SYSTEM 12.1 12.2 12.3

Sewerage system Refuse system Sanitary & Sewerage Vertical layout

|

1 2 .1 SEWERAGE SYSTEM | Vacu u m sewe rage syste m Sewe r a g e System : Vacuum S ewe r age Sys tem The proposed sewerage system for this building is Vacuum Sewerage system. A vacuum sewer system is a method of transporting sewage from its source to a sewage treatment plant. It uses the difference between atmospheric pressure and a partial vacuum maintained in the piping network and vacuum station collection vessel. The main components of a vacuum sewer system are a collection chambers and vacuum valve parts, sewers, a central vacuum station and monitoring and contro components

Site Sungai Takir

Sewe r Ma n ho l e Manhole distance â&#x20AC;˘ Must be less than 30m â&#x20AC;˘ The last manhole will be discharge to the main which ends at the Sewerage Treament (STP) neat to the site

Types of establishment : Population equivalent (PE) Therefore Manhole 1 to Manhole 2 Population equivalent (PE) Peak Flow Factor Sewerage production at average daily flow, Q Q

SEWER MANHOLE

Dry and wet process area, restaurants, cafeterias and residentials 3 per 100 sqm gross area (14085.33 sqm / 100) x 3

423 PE 423 PE

4.7 x ( PE/1000 ) 0.11 5.167 / s

(Peak flow x PE x 225) / (24 x 60 x 60 ) (5.167 x 423 x 225) / (24 x 60 x 60 ) 5.692 / s

1 2 .2 R EFUS E SYSTEM | D i sp osal syste m Refu se Di sp o sal Syste m : S olar -Powered Tras h Comp actor Sys tem with picking up s e n so r A compactor is a machine or mechanism used to reduce the size of material such as waste material or bio mass through compaction. A trash compactor is often used by a home or business to reduce the volume of trash it produces. A baler-wrapper compactor is often used for making compact and wrapped bales in order to improve logistics

Refu se C ha m ber Calculati on Determining the need compartmentalisation of spaces REFUSE CHAMBER CALCULATION 1 cuc.metre for 110 sqm of nett building area

GFA

NFA (sqm) FORMULA Therefore,

size of refuse chamber required (m3) 3 size of refuse chamber provided (m )

Standard size of refuse chamber ( rule of thumb) FORMULA number of refuse chamber required

13647 GFA - 30% (circulation)

9553

TOTAL NET AREA / 110 86.84 128.00 4m x 8m x 3.3m @ 105.6 m3 size of refuse chamber required(m3) / size of refuse chamber provided (m3) 1 unit

1 2 .3 WAT ER VERTICA L LAYOUT | Ve rtical l ayou t Ver t i c a l l ayo ut LEGEND Service roadp

Toilet

Refuse Chamber Manhole

Recycled grey water for irrigation & water closet

Cold water supply Kitchen

To the nearest STP at site

|

13.0 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4

|

Aircond system - VRF VRF Calculation Mechanical Ventilation Layout Diagram

1 3 .1 AIRCOND SYSTEM | VR F

5

2

1 4

3

6 5

1 2 3 4 5 6

VRF outdoor unit Indoor unit

5

Inlet pipe 5

Outlet pipe VRF shaft VRF split unit ac

A i r c o n d Syste m : V RF ( Var i ab le Re frigerant F low) Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) or Variable Refrigerant Volume (VRV) air conditioning systems are an extremely energy efficient means of precisely regulating the temperature within commercial buildings. More often than not, the rooms or zones within the building will need to operate at differing temperatures. The cooling and heating requirements of these spaces inevitably change throughout the day, typically as a result of varying occupancy, heat emitting office equipment and lighting, changes in outdoor temperature and notably, the position of the sun. The combined effect of these internal and external influences often means that some areas of the building require cooling, while simultaneously, other areas require heating to maintain a constant and comfortable internal environment.

VRF Components

Outdoor unit

Indoor unit

Refrigerant pipe

Controller

Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) is build upon 4 basic components- Outdoor unit, Indoor Unit, Piping and Controls. This provides the attributes of a central water system but with the simplicity of a split system.

The components make it very flexible and ideal for energy-efficient and comfortable cooling and heating of many types of building.

1 3 .2 VRF CALCULATION | V R F How it works?

Air flow throughout the space of the building to outdoor unit

4-way flow and the unit can be used for various locations such as ceiling with no cavity and bare ceilings

Wall mounted type with slim design allow flexible installation Outdoor Unit

ROOF TOP

ROOF TOP VRF shaft can fit two 65mm diameter pipe Can go about 1000m Outdoor Unit

GF

GF

VRF OUTDOOR UNIT CALCULATION Consider 1 HP = 15 sqm , 1 outdoor unit = 30 HP SPACE

AREA (SQM)

Keropok lekor lobby Lift lobby 1 Fishermen's storage Tourist Information Centre GF Lift lobby 2 Batik Gallery Hotel lift lobby K.lekor Manage. Office Management Office (Bldg) MEZZ GF Fishermen's hostel Hotel's office Keropok lekor area Lift lobby 1 Female changing room Male changing area 1st FLOOR Transition gallery Batik processing area Hostel area ( male) Hostel area ( female) Lift lobby1 Restaurant Surau & Library Homestay 1 2nd FLOOR Homestay 2 Homestay 3 Homestay 4 Homestay 5

78.32 57.53 157.97 78.13 57.52 157.80 237.60 78.32 137.18 104.35 78.32 558.92 57.53 26.55 26.55 178.69 425.52 291.62 291.62 57.53 479.27 542.93 32.06 32.06 32.06 32.06 32.06

1 unit cover 1000sqft = 92.20sqm 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 6 1 0 0 2 5 3 3 1 5 6 1 1 1 1 1

1HP : 15 sqm

TOTAL AREA (SQM)

1 outdoor unit : 50 HP

Outdoor unit required

55.0

1.1

2.0

26.5

0.5

1.0

123.8

2.5

3.0

82.7

1.7

2.0

5.2 3.8 10.5 5.2 3.8 10.5 15.8 5.2 9.1 7.0 5.2 37.3 3.8 1.8 1.8 11.9 28.4 19.4 19.4 3.8 32.0 36.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1

Hence, total VRF outdoor unit required = 11 units VRF ADVANTAGES

Overall

8.0

1 3 .3 MECHA NICA L VENTIL AT ION | HVLS Air Fan Me c h a n ic a l Ve n ti lati on - HV L S A i r Fan High-volume, low speed fans with excellent ven tialtion option for vari ety of buildings Big fans ranging from 3.6m to 7.3m in diame ter Provide optimum air movement with energy efficiency and quiet

Keep air fresh

Minimize energy

Worker + animal

Mitigate Heat

Minimal

cost

health

and Stress

maintenance

Me c h a n ic a l Ve n ti lati on - K i tche n Su pply & Extract Ven tilation MECHANICAL SUPPLY & EXTRACT VENTILATION Mechanical ventilation systems can have both supplier and extract vents assisted by fans.

These system may also include filters to ensure a higher standard of indoor air quality,coupled with heating and/or cooling coils HEAT-RECOVERY VENTILATOR HRV is an energy recovery vents system using equipment known as heat exchanger employs a cross flow or counter-flow heat exhanger between the inbound and outbound air flow. HRV provides fresh air and improved climate control, while also saving energy by reducing heating ( and cooling ) requirements for many applications including vehicles.

1 3 .2 VRF CALCULATION | V R F Ver t ic a l l ayo ut LEG END VRF OUTDOOR UNIT VRF SHAFT AIR-COND UNIT INLET PIPE 2nd Floor

1st Floor

Mezz Floor

Ground Floor

OUTLET PIPE

|

14.0 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4

|

Electrical System Telecommunication & Building System Mechanical Transportation Vertical Layout

1 4 .1 EL ECT RICA L SYSTEM | TN B

3

2

1

4

6

5

1

2

3

3

1 2 3 4 5 6

2

Escalator Elevator Electrical riser

3

2

Electrcail duct Telekom duct BAS duct

• Empowering the community -

TNB’s community outreach initiatives have evolved to encompass: uplifting the lives of the underprivileged; promoting equal access to quality education; and developing the country’s sporting talents

• Setting Standards in the marketplace • Greening the nation - TNB has always been

respectful of the environment, and has set industry benchmarks in the use of advanced technologies to minimise pollution from its plants

• Nurturing a vibrant workplace -

TNB believes its employees are its most valuable assets, and nurtures a work environment that is both challenging and rewarding to bring out the full potential of its 34,000-strong workforce

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DIAGRAM TNB substation

Main Switch

Sub Switch

Distribution

Final Sub

Electrical

Board

Board

Board

Circuit

fittings

Metering

Genset

(Automatic main failure system)

Every

Every

block

floor

Other application and services Ventilation

Lighting

Mechanical

Telecommunication

TYPES OF LIGHTING Suspended Luminary Light

Suspended Hanging

Track lighting

Reel

1 4 .1 EL ECT RICA L SYSTEM | TN B Powe r S up p ly Syste m Compone nts an d Calcu lation •

TNB Substation

•

Sub Distribution Board

•

Main Switch Room

•

Electrical Riser

•

Generator Set

•

Distribution Board

TOTAL AREA 13646.55

GENSET ROOM REQUIREMENT ( 2SQM FOR 1000SQM) (GFA/1000) X 2 10% CIRCULATION GENSET SIZE REQUIRED + 10% 3.01 30

GENSET SIZE PROVIDED 53

TOTAL AREA 13646.55

MSB REQUIREMENT ( 2SQM FOR 1000SQM) (GFA/1000) X 2 10% CIRCULATION GENSET SIZE REQUIRED + 10% 3.01 30

MSB SIZE PROVIDED 53

1 2 3 ITEM Lighting & Power Supply Outlet Air Conditioning & Ventilation Equipment % future load gravity

PRELIMINARY MAXIMUM ELECTRICAL LOAD TOTAL AREA OF BUILDING 13646.55 SQM = 146890.24 0.9 w/sqft Lighting & Power Supply Outlet 4.7 w/ sqft Air conditioning & Ventilation 20 % of total above Equipment % future load gravity FORMULA Power Supply in W Power Supply in kW 0.9 w / sqft 132201 132.20 4.7 w / sqft 690384 690.38 20 % of total above 164517 164.52 987.10 Therefore, the MAXIMUM demand

TYPE

POWER

Therefore, the MAXIMUM demand AREA SERVED

987.10

Single Chamber

< 1 MW ( 7.6 m X 4.5 m )

> 10 000 sqft / 929 sqm

0.3 x 0.3 x 0.46 m

Double Chamber

1- 2 MW ( 10.0 m X 4.5 m )

> 100 000 sqft / 9290 sqm

1.2 x 0.6 x 1.06 m

Triple Chamber

2 - 3 MW ( 12.4 m X 4.5 m )

> 500 000 sqft / 46 450 sqm

1.8 x 0.9 x 1.8 m

LAYOUT OF ELECTRICAL ROOM

• • • • •

TNB Substation Main Switch Room Generator Set MDF PABX

5000 mm

7500mm

6000mm

6000mm

SIZE

1 4 .2 T EL EC OMMUNICATION & B UIL DI NG S YS T E M | TM Powe r S up p ly Syste m Compone nts and Calcu lation

TM is the Malaysiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s leading telecommunication company.Beside offering data,fixed line, pay television and network services. It has evolved to become the largest broadband services provider TELEKOM

Control

PABX/

TEL

main

Room

MDF

RISER

Intermediate Distributio Fram (IDF) - (every floor)

Bu i l din g Auto mati on Syste m Building automation system is the automatic centralised control of building heating, ventilation, air conditioning, lighting anf other systems through a building management system or building automation system (BAS).

Main Control

Building

Room

Automation

Devices

system

Green energy consumption

Improved life cycle of utilities

Reduce operating cost

1 4 .3 MECH A NICA L TRA NSP ORTAT ION | El ev ator & Escu l ator Me c h a n ic a l Tr ansportati on ELEVATOR -

Schindler 3100

A cost-effective, MRL traction elevator for two- to three-story buildings

Sustainable --> Advanced energy-saving design is up to 60% more efficient than hydraulic elevators

Drive system

Smooth --> Superior traction engineering provides passengers with a noticeably more comfortable and quiter ride

Suspension traction media (stim)

Spacious --> Installs in a standard hydraulic hoistway while delivering larger cabs and more usable building space

Inspection & test Panel

Smart --> More efficient planning,ordering, delivery and installation processes shorten lead times

Door

Sophisticated-->

Cab

Carefully selected design palettes can be configured to complement any building decor.

ELEVATOR Layout

Elevators from Ground floor to 2nd Floor at Lift lobby 2

1400 mm

HANDLING CAPACITY (HC) = Interval = HC = =

1400 mm

900 mm

1400 mm

900 mm

HANDLING CAPACITY FACILITY

HCP % of population to be carried in 5 mins

Office buildingS City centre Perimeter Suburban Residential Prestige apartments Dormitories Hotels - 1st quality Hotels - 2nd quality

12 - 14 11.5 - 13 14 - 16

Elevators for Staff and 5 - 7 Public 10 - 11 12 - 15 10 - 12

ELEVATOR CALCULATION Max. calculation

Interval : 30 s max Average Waiting time : 17 s max HANDLING CAPACITY FACILITY Office buildingS City centre Perimeter Suburban Residential Prestige apartments Dormitories Hotels - 1st quality Hotels - 2nd quality

BUILDING TYPE Office buildingS

BUILDING TYPE Office buildingS (multipurpose) Large lower floors Upper floors Average use Single use Hotels Normal use Conventions

POPULATION ESTIMATES NET AREA

HCP % of population to be carried in 5 mins 12 - 14 11.5 - 13 14 - 16 5 - 7 10 - 11 12 - 15 10 - 12

POPULATION ESTIMATES NET AREA

Hospitals General private General public (large wards) Apartments High rental housing Moderate rental Low cost housing

Square feet per person 140 - 160 160 - 180 160 150 Persons per sleeping room 1.3 1.9 Persons per sleeping room 3 3 - 4 Persons per bedroom 1.5 2.0 2.5 - 3.0

300 P / I (interval) 30 s max 300p / 30 10 p

Interval 30 s max Average waiting time 17 s max

Handing capacity HANDLING CAPACITY (HC) pax capacity = 12 - 14 pax = 300 P / I (interval) normal load / trip (HC) = 10 pax Interval = 30 s max HC = 300p / 30 = 10 p

Population Estimate Office average use = 170 sqft

Interval 30 s max Average waiting time 17 s max Handing capacity pax capacity = 12 - 14 pax

normal load / trip (HC) = Nett floor area = 12281.90 10 pax = 132201.09 HANDLING CAPACITY (HC) = 300 P / I (interval) Area / 160 sqft Population Estimate Population = Office average use = 170 sqft Interval = 30 s max = 778 HC = 300p / 30 Nett floor area = =

= 10 p

Percentage of handling capacity ( PHP) Population = Interval 30 s max = multipurpose = 14 - 15% = 15 % Average waiting time 17 s max

12281.90 132201.09 Area / 160 sqft 778

Percentage of handling capacity ( PHP)

Handing capacity multipurpose = 14 - 15% = 15 % Pax per Trip.p = population x PHP/HC pax capacity = 12 - 14 pax = 643 x 13% /10Pax per Trip.p = population x PHP/HC normal load / trip (HC) = 10 pax

= 11.665

= 643 x 13% /10 = 11.665

Population Estimate No of lift = p/HC (normal load/trip) Office average use = 170 sqftp/HC (normal load/trip) No of lift = Nett floor area = = Population = =

= =

=

1.166480202=

12281.90 1.2 = 2 nos of lift 132201.09 Area / 160 sqft 778

Percentage of handling capacity ( PHP) multipurpose = 14 - 15% = 15 % Pax per Trip.p = population x PHP/HC

1.166480202 1.2 = 2 nos of lift

1 4 .3 MECHA NICA L TRA NS P ORTAT ION | E l ev ator & E scu l ato r E s c al a to r ESCALATOR -

Escalator 9300 AE

An escalator is a vertical transportation device in the form of a moving staircase - a conveyor which carries people between floors of a building Used as main vertical transportation to guide visitors towards main space in the building : exhibition hall, remporary hall and cave centre.

ELEVATOR CALCULATION Efficient operation 1.

The ECOLINE Competence pack-

age includes ECO energy-saving system for higher rises, starting current reduction and soft start/soft stop functionality. It can generate energy savings of up to 20%.

ECOLINE Plus provides for stop-

2.

and-go operation when passenger flow is discontinuous.

3.

ECOLINE Premium offers the ad-

vantages of crawling speed and peak current reduction thanks to a built-in frequency converter (where permissible by code).

https://schindlerplan.com/product-category/model/configure/?cat=4&model=140

Escalator configuration Escalator from GF to L1

1500 mm

12000 mm

3000 mm

Up from GF

6000 mm

Dn from L1

Floor slab

Step : Width of 1000 mm Inclination : 35 o Balustrade height :

900 mm

1 4 .4 VERT ICA L LAYOU T | El ev ator & Escu l ator Powe r S up p ly Syste m Compone nts an d Calcu lation LEGEND ESCALATOR ELEVATOR ELEC ROOM/RISER TEL. ROOM/RISER BAS ROOM/RISER ELECTRICAL DUCT TELEKOM DUCT BAS DUCT