oyla-science.com (12) MARCH
2018
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Popular Science Magazine for Students and Their Parents
WHAT ARE HUMANS GUILTY OF?
ISSN 2537-7744 ISSN 2537-7744
MARCH 2018
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WHAT DO ASTRONAUTS ON THE HOW DO YOU EXPOSE ISS DO? A PSYCHIC? WHEN DID DOGS BECOME MAN’S BEST FRIEND? WHAT IS “CARBON CHAUVINISM”?
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Printed in New Zealand by PMP LIMITED, Auckland. D IS C L A I M E R The publisher cannot accept responsibility for any unsolicited material lost or damaged in the post. All text and layout is the copyright of Auckland Entrepreneurs Group Limited. Nothing in this magazine may be reproduced in whole or part without the written permission of the publisher. © Auckland Entrepreneurs Group Limited 2018 All articles and graphical illustrations were created and provided by TechnoBatyr LLP, Kazakhstan.
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SOCIAL MEDIA
Auckland Entrepreneurs Group Limited ESKA Limited Svetlana Strizheva
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DESIGNERS
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BIOLOGY
How are Experiments on Animals carried out? p. 32 The Human Factor. What are humans guilty of ?
p. 58
ASTROPHYSICS
BIOLOGY
The History of the Domestication of animals
p. 26
Can there be Non-Carbon-Based Life? p. 10
PHYSICS
ANATOMY
The General Theory of Relativity. lativity.
Einstein’s Second Revolution
p. 4
Organ transplants. How do they work? p. 38
ANTHROPOLOGY
Who was
Dian Fossey?
SOCIETY
What is Citizen Science?
p. 70
p. 44
TECHNOLOGY
MYTH & REALITY
The history of the Barcode
p. 64
GAMES
The evolution of Fight
Games p. 86
The real deal about Astronauts p. 76
SCI-FI
The history of the Black
Panther p. 82
SKEPTIC
Illusionists vs. Psychics p. 90
A S T ROPH Y SIC S
ANOTHER LIFE All life on planet Earth is based on carbon compounds. However, according to scientists, carbon is not the only chemical element capable of giving rise to life. There are other candidates.
Elements of life One of the founders of Marxism, Friedrich Engels, in his work “Anti-Dühring” argued,
“Life is a way of existence for protein bodies, the essential point of which is the constant exchange of substances with their external nature. And with the cessation of this exchange, life itself stops, which leads to protein breakdown.”
BIOLOG Y
The History of
e t d a c A i n t i s m e a m ls o D Even if you have never had a domesticated animal, or pet, you have come across them — you have eaten meat, worn clothes made of wool or fur, and used them for transport. And while many animals were domesticated several thousand years ago, we still need them today in the time of synthetic fabrics and the chemical industry.
Where’s everyone from? Though ancient peoples were hunters and gatherers, everything they needed they got from wild animals. Sometimes, it’s true, they needed a helper to encircle and catch game. The dog became this kind of assistance. For its exceptional sense of smell and ability to overtake beasts, it received a part of the prey from the people. Dogs a a app years ago. a app a a a a a arrived in a regiment. Our ancestors stopped wandering in search of food and harvested from plants that were grown in designated areas. Around the same time, they realized that it was unnecessary to run after animals to get what they wanted from them. Each region had its own climate and its animals. So, different species were domesticated in different territories. For example, in Ancient Egypt, where there was not enough water, vegetation was meagre, so the need for transportation of goods was high. The sturdy donkey was better suited than others for the role of providing pulling force. Humped Arab camels that lived on the Arabian Peninsula were tamed for the same purposes. And, to travel across the boundless steppes of Central Asia, fast horses were needed.
BIOLOG Y
IT’S NO USE FEELING SORRY
In order to create medicines and technologies that save people’s lives, we have to deprive animals of their lives and health. How can we find a compromise?
A N ATOM Y
TRANSPLANTATION: HOW IT WORKS
Bodily organs, like car parts, wear out. Usually, the body can easily cope with this problem through the process of regeneration. But sometimes its capabilities are not enough, and the organ “breaks.� In this case, medication may not always work either, and a replacement, or transplantation, of a body part is necessary.
A N T HROP OLOG Y
FACE TO FACE WITH THE
GORILLA In the King Kong films, a huge primate crushes everything around him, and only young, unarmed women are able to pacify him. This plot is similar to the story of Dian Fossey, an American ethologist and wildlife defender.
A N T HROP OLOG Y
RACES: major and minor
THE WORKING PRINCIPLE OF DUNE Sanford Underground Research Facility
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) 1300 km
PARTICLE DETECTOR UNDERGROUND DETECTOR L A BOR ATORIE S
NEUTRINO GENERATOR
PROTON ACCELERATOR
T ECHNOLOG Y
The Barcode Era
M Y T H & RE A LI T Y
The Universal
SCI-FI
a
a
T’CHALLA 183 CM 91 KG KING OF WAKANDA $90.7 TRILLION
INCLUDED IN THE
TOP 10
MOST INTELLIGENT PEOPLE ON THE PLANET He knows many languages, is well educated, and a pa a a wings for the superhero Sokol.
HUNTING INSTINCTS It detects the smell of fear, disguises itself, and pursues prey as a panther.
Supersensitivity He has excellent sight, hearing, and can also detect smells at great distances. He is able to determine the composition of food.
Super-regeneration Is able to recover after any injuries in the shortest time possible.
MASTER OF MARTIAL ARTS Alone, he defeated the Fantastic Four, Captain America, and Wolverine
a
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SKE P T IC
ILLUSIONISTS PSYCHICS Heading Lead
P
eople have long believed in the existence of illogical explanations for super-powers, whether it be clairvoyance, dowsing, telepathy, or telekinesis. And, of course, there have always been those who claim to have such talents and are even ready to demonstrate them. However, as soon as a miraculous gift a p a a p a  a a a a a a a a not meant to belittle the role of science in debunking the paranormal, but it is the illusionists who are able to recognize the cunning of these individuals’ hands, text whereas researchers who are unfamiliar with the tricks take the deception at face value.
The ability of a person to deceive themselves is unlimited. James Randi
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