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ASYLUM LEVELS AND TRENDS IN INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES 2008 Statistical Overview of Asylum Applications Lodged in Europe and selected Non-European Countries

24 MARCH 2009

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

I. INTRODUCTION1 This report summarizes observed patterns and trends in the number of individual asylum claims submitted in Europe and selected non-European countries during 2008. It covers 38 European and six non-European States that currently provide monthly asylum statistics to UNHCR. The numbers in this report reflect asylum claims made at the first instance of asylum procedures; applications at appeal or review instance are not included. Also, this report does not include information on the outcome of asylum procedures or on the admission of refugees through resettlement programmes as this information is available in other UNHCR reports.2 Currently, 44 countries provide monthly asylum statistics to UNHCR. These are the 27 Member States of the European Union, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, as well as Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, the Republic of Korea and the United States of America. This group of countries is collectively referred to as the “44 industrialized countries” in the report, and has been defined for the purpose of this report only.

Who is an asylum-seeker?

An asylum-seeker is an individual who has sought international protection and whose claim for refugee status has not yet been determined. It is important to note, however, that a person is a refugee from the moment he/she fulfils the criteria set out the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (1951 Convention). The formal recognition of someone, for instance through individual refugee status determination, does not establish refugee status, but confirms it.

As part of its obligation to protect refugees on its territory, the country of asylum is normally responsible for determining whether an asylumseeker is a refugee or not. The responsibility is often incorporated into the national legislation of the country and is in most cases derived from the 1951 Convention.

The data collection of monthly asylum statistics by UNHCR has expanded in the past two years, including since 2007 figures for Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia (excluding Kosovo), the Republic of Korea, Turkey and The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. In 2008, Italy was added, making it the 44th country to participate in UNHCR’s asylum data monitoring system. In order to ensure comparability over time, monthly asylum statistics for six of the new countries since 2005 have been included in UNHCR’s asylum statistics database. Monthly data for Italy is available from 2008. As a result, earlier reports on monthly asylum trends may differ from future ones in terms of scope and data availability and are not necessarily comparable.

The asylum countries covered in the various tables in this document differ depending on the nature of the analysis and the availability of data. Asylum statistics from countries neighbouring Europe are also important in analyzing trends. Therefore, Table 1 includes not only the abovementioned 44 industrialized countries, but also Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, the Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine. Tables 2 through 23 are limited to the 44 industrialized asylum countries which provide monthly asylum statistics to UNHCR.

1

This report has been compiled by the Field Information and Coordination Support Section (FICSS), Division of Operational Services at UNHCR Headquarters in Geneva. Any questions concerning this document can be addressed to FICSS at stats@unhcr.org. For other UNHCR statistics, visit UNHCR’s Statistical Online Population Database at http://www.unhcr.org/statistics/populationdatabase.

2 See UNHCR’s 2007 Global Trends report (issued June 2008).

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Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

II. DATA SOURCES AND LIMITATIONS Both the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and the Statute of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees refer to the responsibility of States to provide statistical data to UNHCR. This includes statistics on the number and condition of refugees, asylum-seekers and other people of concern to the Office. This report is, therefore, mostly based on official asylum statistics, reflecting national laws and procedures. In addition, during the period 2004-2008, UNHCR conducted refugee status determination under its mandate in a number of countries including Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus3, Montenegro, Serbia, and Turkey (see notes in Table 1 for more details).

To the extent possible, the statistics presented in this document reflect the number of individuals lodging an asylum application for the first time. The available information suggests, however, that a significant number of countries included in this report do not distinguish between new asylum applications and repeat or reopened ones in their national statistical systems. As a consequence, some of the figures quoted in this report are likely to include repeat applications and do not necessarily reflect the actual number of new asylum-seekers. Also, the number of asylum applications may not necessarily reflect the number of asylum-seekers as some individuals seek asylum in more than one country during the same year.4 The data in this report is based on information available as at 24 February 2009 unless otherwise indicated. All figures in this report should be considered as provisional and subject to change. Due to retroactive changes and adjustments, some of the data included in this publication may differ slightly from those reported in previous UNHCR documents or from the official annual figures published by States. For example, this is the case for the figures reported for Germany (see the notes in Table 1 for more information).

All data refer to the number of individuals, with the exception of the United States of America.

Only the number of cases (which can include several individuals) is available for applications submitted to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Applications submitted to the Executive Office of Immigration Review (EOIR) are, however, recorded as individuals. To allow comparability across countries of asylum, UNHCR uses a figure of 1.4 individuals per case to estimate the number of people reported by DHS as historical data suggest that on average one asylum case contains 1.4 individuals. In the country of origin tables, figures for the United States of America are a combination of the number of cases (DHS) and the number of individuals (EOIR), owing to the large variation in family size by nationality. In the case of Belgium, accompanying children are not included in the figures.

III. GLOBAL AND REGIONAL TRENDS5 In 2008, the number of individuals requesting refugee or asylum status in the 51 European and non-European countries included in this report increased by 12 per cent compared to 2007. An estimated 383,000 asylum applications were recorded in the course of the year, 41,600 more than the year before. This is the second consecutive year with an increase following the 20-year low observed in 2006 (307,000 claims). Despite this increase, the 2008 level is still far below the one

3

Refugee status determination is limited to the northern part of Cyprus.

According to EURODAC’s Central Unit, the verification of asylum claims in 2007 showed that, 16 per cent of all asylum claims registered in the system were multiple claims, i.e. the applicant had submitted at least one previous application in the same or another Member State of the European Union.

Source: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:52009DC0013:EN:HTML 5 See notes in annex Table 1 for a list of countries included under each regional grouping.

4

3

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

reported in 2001 when 623,0006 new asylum-seekers sought international protection in these 51 countries (see Figure 1). While the rise in 2007 was primarily attributed to an increase in the asylum applications by people from Iraq, the 2008 increase can partly be attributed to higher numbers of Somali and Afghan asylum-seekers, explained in more detail later in this report.

Fig 1. Change in asylum claims in The increase in 2008 is not evenly distributed among selected regions (%) countries or regions. Out of a total of 383,000 asylum -55% applications registered in 2008, countries in Europe 11% EU-27 received close to 290,000 claims, 13 per cent more 6% than the previous year’s figure of 256,000. This takes -54% into account the important decreases observed in 13% Europe 13% Greece and Sweden, two of the major receiving countries in 2007. A similar increase was observed -50% 6% among the 27 Member States of the European Union Canada/USA 9% where 238,000 asylum applications were lodged in -73% 2008, a 6 per cent more than in 2007 (224,000). The Australia/New 11% Zealand 18% overall figure for the EU-27 countries hides significant differences between the 15 ‘old’ and the 2001-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 12 ‘new’ Member States7. There was a 9 per cent increase from 2007 to 2008 (from 198,000 claims to 216,000) among the ‘old’ Member States, contrary to a 15 per cent drop (from 25,600 to 21,800) in the ‘new’ Member States. The 27 EU Member States together accounted for 67 per cent of all asylum claims in Europe.

Within Europe, there are differences as well. In Southern Europe more than 75,000 individuals applied for international protection, 12,300 more than in 2007 and a 20 per cent increase, with the largest numbers being recorded in Italy (31,200 claims) and Greece (19,900 claims). In Malta and Turkey8, figures were the highest on record (2,600 and 13,000 claims, respectively).

In the Nordic countries, on the other hand, the number of newly registered asylum-seekers dropped by 2 per cent to 45,200 claims. Here, the sharp increase in newly submitted asylum applications in Norway was offset by the decrease in Sweden. Nevertheless, Sweden remained the principal destination for asylum-seekers, with roughly half of all applications in the Nordic region being lodged in that country.

In North America, an estimated 86,000 new asylum applications were submitted in 2008, 6,900 claims or 9 per cent more than in 2007. The United States of America registered approximately 49,000 new applications, a 3 per Table 1. Asylum claims lodged in selected regions cent drop compared to 2007, Change whereas Canada saw a dramatic 30 2006 2007 2008 '08-'07 per cent increase, mainly linked to Europe 227,100 256,300 289,800 13% - EU-total 201,000 223,700 238,100 6% the higher numbers of Mexican and - EU-old 181,000 198,100 216,300 9% Haitian asylum-seekers. Despite EU-new 20,000 25,600 21,800 -15% the overall increase, the 2008 level 74,800 79,100 85,900 9% remains at roughly half the 2001 USA/Canada Australia/New Zealand 3,800 4,200 5,000 19% level when close to 150,000 Japan/Rep. of Korea 1,200 1,500 2,000 33% applications were lodged in Total 306,900 341,100 382,700 12% Canada and the United States of See notes in Table 1 for list of countries included.

America together.

6

Revised estimate based on new data.

“New” EU Member States refers to Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. “Old” EU Member States refers to Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom.

8 Figures for Turkey refer to applications lodged under the UNHCR mandate.

7

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Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

The trend observed in Australia and New Zealand shows a diverging picture between the two countries. In New Zealand, levels have remained fairly stable in the past years (on average 260 new claims per year) whereas in Australia figures have increased in the past years. The latter recorded approximately 4,700 asylum claims in 2008, 19 per cent more than the year before.

Despite this recent increase, figures in Australia are far below the ones observed in 2000 (13,100 claims) and 2001 (12,400 claims).

Japan and the Republic of Korea together registered a record high of almost 2,000 new asylum applications in 2008, predominantly from people from Myanmar. While Japan has witnessed a doubling of new asylum-seekers in 2008 (1,600 claims), in the Republic of Korea the number has halved during the year (360 asylum applications) compared to 720 new asylum claims in the year before. However, the numbers in both countries still remain modest in comparison with other industrialized countries.

IV. LEVELS AND PATTERNS IN COUNTRIES OF ASYLUM General overview From 2006 to 2007, 26 of the 51 asylum countries included in this report registered an increase in asylum requests, in 2008, 29 did. This is the highest number of countries with an increase in asylum applications in the last five years, and is in contrast to earlier years when fewer than 20 countries reported an increase from one year to another.

Fig 2. Number of countries This development is in line with the general increase reporting an increase from one observed in the overall number of asylum claims lodged in year to another industrialized countries. This suggests not only that the overall number of asylum-seekers is increasing, but also that there is a greater diversity in the countries where people seek international protection, possibly in response to the 29 26 introduction of new asylum policies. This was observed in 20 19 18 Sweden where figures of Iraqi asylum-seekers dropped by 67 per cent between 2007 and 2008 while during the same period they have nearly tripled in Norway and quadrupled in Finland. A 2007 change in Swedish decision-making on 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Iraqi asylum claims following the Migration Court’s determination that the situation in Iraq is not one of “armed conflict” led to a significant fall in recognition rates and therefore potentially to a shift in flows from Sweden to its neighbours.9 Fifteen out of the 51 countries received more than 5,000 new asylum requests in 2008. Major asylum-seeker receiving countries reporting a significant relative increase included Italy (+122%), Norway (+121%), the Netherlands (+89%), Turkey (+70%, UNHCR asylum procedure), Switzerland (+53%), Canada (+30%), and France (+20%). Conversely, major decreases were recorded by Cyprus (-42%), Spain (-42%), Sweden (-33%), and Greece (-21%). (see Table 1 on page 13).

Country-specific trends in 2008 Canada and the United States of America receive roughly one out of five applications among the 51 countries included in this report. For the third year running, the United States of America was the largest single recipient of new asylum claims among the group of industrialized countries, accounting for 13 per cent of all claims lodged in the 51 countries included in Table 1.

9

Swedish Migration Court of Appeal, case no. UN23-06, 26 February 2007.

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Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

An estimated 49,00010 individuals submitted an application in the United States of America, 1,700 claims less than the year before and a decrease of 3 per cent.11 Canada has witnessed a steady increase in new asylum-seekers in the past years (see Figure 3) and, in 2008, was the second largest recipient of applications among the 51 countries, with 36,900 new applications registered during the year. This is a 30 per cent increase over 2007 and on average every tenth application in the industrialized world Fig 3. Asylum applications was made in Canada. The increase is attributed mainly to the lodged in Canada higher number of Mexican (+33%), Haitian (+31%) and 36,900 Colombian (+19%) citizens who applied for international 28,300 25,500 protection in Canada in 2008.

22,900 19,700 France was the third largest receiving country among the group with 35,200 new asylum claims submitted for the year, a 20 per cent increase compared to 2007 (29,400 claims) and 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 the first rise in four years. France was the main destination for asylum-seekers in Europe in 2008. The increase can be partly attributed to additional asylumseekers from Mali, now the third most important country of origin of asylum-seekers in France, following the Russian Federation and Serbia12. Claims from Malians more than quadrupled from 600 in 2007 to 2,700 in 2008. Asylum claims from people from the Comoros Islands also increased to nearly 1,100, compared to 60 the year before. These increases come in addition to the rise in numbers observed for the two main countries of origin: an 11 per cent increase in applications from the Russian Federation and a Fig 4. Asylum claims submitted in 2 per cent increase in applications from Serbia.

10 major receiving countries (2008) Nevertheless, France’s share among the 51 60,000 countries remained stable at 9 per cent.

2007 50,000

2008

Italy recorded 31,200 asylum applications, 40,000 more than double the figure of the year earlier (14,100 claims). The 2008 numbers made Italy 30,000 the fourth most important destination in the 20,000 industrialized world and they are the second 10,000 highest on record in the country. Only in 1999 0 did more people apply for asylum in Italy USA CAN FRA ITA UK SWE GER GRE SWI NOR (33,400 claims). Significantly more claims were lodged in 2008 by asylum-seekers from all 20 main nationalities, with the exception of Serbia. Nigeria was the main country of origin of applicants in Italy with 5,300 new claims (+300%), followed by Somalia with 4,500 new claims (+491%), Eritrea with 2,700 new claims (+21%), and Afghanistan with 2,000 new claims (+202%).

The United Kingdom ranked fifth among the group with 30,500 applications received during 2008, an increase of 8 per cent. This increase follows the 2007 figure of 28,300 new claims, the lowest number in almost 15 years. The 2008 figure is still far below the peak in 2002 when 103,000 individuals requested refugee status in the United Kingdom.

10

Estimated number of individuals based on the number of new cases (25,300) and multiplied by 1.4 to reflect the average number of individuals per case (Source: Department of Homeland Security); and number of new “defensive” asylum requests lodged with the Executive Office of Immigration Review (13,500; reported by individuals).

11 It should be noted that while the United States of America is the main single destination country for asylum-seekers in the industrialized world, in 2007, UNHCR offices received 80,000 asylum claims making it the largest refugee status determination body in the world.

12 All country of origin figures for Serbia include Kosovo.

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Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

Following a significant decrease in applications, particularly by Iraqis, Sweden dropped from the second in 2007 to the sixth largest recipient of new asylum-seekers during 2008. Close to 24,400 individuals lodged an asylum application that year compared to 36,700 claims in 2007, a pronounced 33 per cent decrease. Sweden was followed by Germany and Greece in the rankings in Table 2, the former reporting a 12 per cent increase compared to 2007 (21,400 claims in 2008) and the latter a 21 per cent decrease (19,900 claims in 2008). One of the main reasons for the trends in both countries can be found in the number of Iraqi asylum claims: in Germany, it went up by almost two-thirds, while in Greece it dropped by two-thirds.

Trends in asylum claims lodged in 44 industrialized countries: absolute and relative increase/decrease 2008 compared to 2007

Note: This map is limited to the 44 countries which provide monthly asylum statistics to UNHCR. All figures are rounded off to the closest ten.

The United States of America, Canada and France, the top three receiving countries in 2008, together accounted for one-third of all new asylum claims submitted in industrialized countries.

Together with Italy and the United Kingdom, the top five receiving countries accounted for half of all asylum claims.

Ranking of countries The number of people requesting international protection has fluctuated significantly between countries and years, largely depending on political developments in countries of origin or the introduction of stricter asylum polices in receiving countries.

However, other factors may also be of relevance such as the existence of social networks of certain communities in destination countries, improved capacity to register asylum-seekers, and that some countries are perceived as being more likely to grant refugee status than others.

Table 2. Changes in the ranking of the top10 receiving countries, 2005-2008 2005

2006

2007

United States

Country

2

1

1

2008 1

Canada

6

5

4

2

France

1

2

3

3

Italy

11

12

8

4

United Kingdom

3

3

5

5

Sweden

7

4

2

6

Germany

4

6

7

7

Greece

12

9

6

8

Switzerland

10

11

11

9

Norway

15

13

17

10

These factors are reflected in the current and past ranking of some of the countries included in this report. Italy, for instance, saw a sharp increase in new asylum applicants in 2008. Much of this can be attributed to the number of irregular arrivals by sea, primarily on the island of Lampedusa, estimated at 36,000 people in 2008. The 7

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

vast majority of the arrivals applied for asylum, and more than half of them were indeed found to be in need of international protection.13 Sweden was not only the main receiving country in Europe in 2007 (36,400 claims), but also the largest recipient of Iraqi asylum-seekers. It is believed that the extensive Iraqi community and its strong social network in the country may have been driving forces behind the concentration of Iraqi asylum-seekers in Sweden. Greece, on the other hand, introduced special procedures at the end of 2006 to clear the backlog of asylum-seekers waiting to register claims. As a consequence, the number of applicants registered rose sharply in 2007, making Greece the sixth most important receiving country during that year.

Trends over the past five years Table 3. Share of main receiving countries of During 2004-2008, the United States of asylum-seekers in total number of applications* America received the largest number of new Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 asylum-seekers (253,000 claims), followed by United States 13% 14% 17% 15% 13% France (204,000 claims), the United Kingdom France 15% 15% 10% 9% 9% (159,000 claims), Canada (133,000 claims), and United Kingdom 10% 9% 9% 8% 8% Germany (126,000 claims). Together, the three Canada 6% 6% 7% 8% 10% 9% 9% 7% 6% 6% leading asylum countries received one third of all Germany Sweden 6% 5% 8% 11% 6% asylum requests submitted in the 51 countries Austria 6% 7% 4% 3% 3% listed in Table 1. The countries’ individual share Italy 2% 3% 3% 4% 8% 1% 3% 4% 7% 5% in the total number of applications received, Greece Belgium 4% 5% 4% 3% 3% however, reveals a changing pattern over time. * Based on the 51 countries listed in Table 1.

Whereas the share of the United States of America as the main recipient over the five year period ranged between 13 to 17 per cent, the share of France and Germany gradually decreased from 15 per cent in 2004 (France) and 9 per cent in 2005 (Germany) to 9 and 6 per cent respectively in 2008. Conversely, the share of Canada and in particular Italy went up sharply from 6 per cent in 2005 (Canada) and 2 per cent in 2004 (Italy) to 10 and 8 per cent respectively in 2008.

The trends analysed above are based on the absolute numbers of reported asylum claims. The analysis changes when comparing the number of asylum-seekers to the size of the national population or the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (PPP)14. These measures may allow a better comparison between countries as they could be an indicator of the capacity of countries to host asylum-seekers. Based on the first indicator (national population), the two Mediterranean islands of Cyprus and Malta received between 2004 and 2008 the highest number of asylum-seekers compared to their national population; 38 and 18 applicants per 1,000 inhabitants, respectively.

Sweden ranked third (14 applicants per 1,000 inhabitants), followed by Austria (10 applicants per 1,000 inhabitants), Switzerland (8.5 applicants per 1,000 inhabitants), and Norway (8 applicants per 1,000 inhabitants) (see Figure 5 below). The United States of America, the main recipient of new asylum-seekers during this period, was ranked 27th with an average one asylumseeker per 1,000 inhabitants.

Comparing the number of asylum-seekers to the Gross Domestic Product (PPP) of a country reveals a slightly different picture. Here, France is the country with the highest number of asylum-seekers (6 applicants per capita) compared to its national economy, followed by the 13

As part of its strategy to address the phenomenon of mixed migration flows, UNHCR has developed the “10-Point-Plan of Action” which aims at ensuring that protection space continues to be available for people in need of international protection. See http://www.unhcr.org/protect/PROTECTION/4742a30b4.pdf for further information.

14 In order to compare countries, the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) GDP is considered (Source: International Monetary Fund; accessed 5 November at www.imf.org). Source for national population: United Nations, Population Division, World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision, New York, 2009.

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Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

United States of America (5.5 applicants per capita), the United Kingdom (4.5 applicants per capita), and Germany (3.7 applicants per capita) (see Figure 6).15 Fig 6. Number of asylum-seekers per 1 USD GDP (PPP) per capita, 2004-2008

Fig 5. Number of asylum-seekers per 1,000 inhabitants, 2004-2008

2.2

Belgium

6.2

Austria

Greece

6.3

Greece

2.4

Liechtenstein

6.4

Italy

2.5

7.8

Turkey

2.6

Norw ay

8.2

Sw eden

3.4

Sw itzerland

8.5

Canada

3.5

Luxembourg

Austria

Germany

10.2

Sw eden

United Kingdom

13.6

Malta

United States

18.2

Cyprus

France

37.7

3.7 4.5 5.5 6.1

It is interesting to note that the five main destination countries of asylum-seekers in 2008 (United States of America, Canada, France, Italy and the United Kingdom) do not feature among the top ten when compared against population size, but they do when compared against GDP (PPP) per capita. This might be explained by the relatively large variation in national population size among the industrialized countries. The top five destination countries have a significantly larger population size compared to, for instance, Cyprus, Malta, Liechtenstein or Luxembourg. In the case of the GDP (PPP) per capita ratio, the countries included can be considered as having highly developed economies where the variation in GDP figures does not appear to be that significant. With this important difference in mind, the GDP indicator might be more likely to reflect the reality.

V. ORIGIN OF ASYLUM-SEEKERS The statistics by origin are generally based on the nationality or country of citizenship as recorded by the competent authorities of the host country. This section analyses the origin of asylum-seekers in the 44 industrialized countries which provided monthly asylum data to UNHCR. Table 4. Distribution of asylum claims by region of origin Africa

2006*

2007*

2008

25.0%

23.1%

29.9%

Americas

11.7%

12.0%

10.8%

Asia

44.1%

48.3%

44.8%

Europe

17.1%

14.6%

12.8%

Oceania

0.1%

0.1%

0.1%

Unknown**

2.0%

1.9%

1.5%

* Figures include annual asylum data for Italy for comparative purposes. ** Includes stateless asylum-seekers.

People from more than 190 different countries or territories submitted at least one asylum claim in 2008. Slightly less than half of all asylum applications were submitted by individuals from Asia (45%). Africa was the second most important source continent (30% of all claims), followed by Europe (13%), and the Americas (11%).16 The country of origin of some 2,800 asylum-seekers was unknown. Africa was the only continent experiencing an increase in 2008 with more people from Eritrea, Nigeria, Somalia and Zimbabwe requesting refugee status.

Out of the 40 main asylum-seeker nationalities, 31 registered a rise during 2008. Among the major countries of origin of asylum-seekers, significant increases were registered by 15

Among the 51 countries included in this report, the number of asylum-seekers per 1 USD GDP (PPP) per capita appears as rather modest when compared to the ‘burden’ developing countries shoulder in hosting refugees. For instance, Pakistan and the United Republic of Tanzania, two major refugee-hosting countries, hosted 347 and 785 refugees respectively per 1 USD GDP (PPP) per capita at the end of 2007 (Source: 2007 Statistical Yearbook, pp. 27-28, UNHCR, Geneva, 2008).

16 The geographical regions used are those of the UN Statistics Division (http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49.htm).

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Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

Afghanistan (+85%), Zimbabwe (+82%), Somalia (+77%), Nigeria (+71%), Georgia (+36%), and Eritrea (+34%). Conversely, of the 9 nationalities that recorded a decrease in 2008 as compared to 2007, three registered a drop of more than 20 per cent: Colombia (-25%), Viet Nam (-24%), and Lebanon (-23%).

For the third consecutive year, Iraq was the leading country of origin. The number of Iraqi claims is almost twice as high as those submitted by Somali asylum-seekers, the second most important source country. Other important source countries Fig 7. Main nationalities of are the Russian Federation, Afghanistan, China, and asylum-seekers, 2008 IRQ Serbia (see Figure 7).

11%

SOM 6% RUS 6% AFG 5% CHI 5% SRB NIG 4%

Other 59%

Iraqis lodged some 40,500 new asylum claims during the year, or roughly every tenth application in the industrialized world. This figure is a 10 per cent decrease compared to 2007 (45,100 claims). The 2007 and 2008 levels are still below the ones witnessed between 2000 and 2002 when, on average, 50,000 Iraqis sought international protection in the industrialized world.

4%

Iraqis lodged asylum claims in 37 out of the 44 industrialized countries, but the distribution of claim is not equally spread among the countries.

Half of all Iraqi claims were submitted in just three countries: Turkey (6,900 claims under a UNHCR-managed asylum procedure), Germany Fig 8. Top-10 destination countries (6,700 claims) and Sweden (6,100 claims). The No . o f of Iraqi asylum-seekers (2008) Netherlands (5,000 claims), Norway (3,100 claims claims), the United Kingdom (2,000 claims) and 20,000 2007 Greece (1,800 claims) also received a sizeable 16,000 2008 number of applications from Iraqis in 2008.

12,000

In Turkey, the number doubled during the year, 8,000 in the Netherlands and Norway it tripled, while in Germany it increased by 61 per cent. In 4,000 Sweden, however, the situation was reversed; as mentioned earlier, the number of Iraqi claims TUR GER SWE NET NOR UK GRE SWI FIN BEL plummeted by almost two-thirds from 18,600 claims to 6,100. Similarly, in Greece the number of Iraqis requesting refugee status decreased from 5,500 to 1,800 claims, a decrease of 68 per cent.

Fig 9. Somali asylum claims lodged in industrialized countries 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08

Somalia was the sixth largest source country of asylumseekers in 2007 with 12,300 claims. One year later, the number stood at 21,800, an increase of 77 per cent and turning this group into the second most important nationality in 2008. This is the highest value on record, a reflection of the deteriorating situation in the country. Somali claims were submitted in 33 out of the 44 industrialized countries, mainly in Italy (4,500), the Netherlands (3,800) Sweden (3,400), and Switzerland (2,000). The numbers were particularly high in the fourth quarter, when one third of all claims were submitted.17

17

While industrialized countries have received a significant number of Somali asylum applicants in recent years, the same is true for some of Somalia’s neighbouring countries. In Kenya, for instance, more than 71,000 new Somali asylum-seekers were registered between 2004 and 2008. Ethiopia recorded 24,000 Somali asylum claims in 2007 and 2008.

10

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

Asylum-seekers originating from the Russian Federation constitute the third largest group, with 20,500 new claims recorded during 2008, accounting for 6 per cent of all asylum claims in the 44 industrialized countries. The number went up by 9 per cent in the course of 2008, mainly because figures increased in Austria (+28%) and France (+11%). As in 2007, Poland remained the prime destination for asylum-seekers from the Russian Federation in 2008, with a total of 6,600 new claims.

Fig 10. Afghan asylum requests in 44 industrialized countries, 1990-2008

With 18,500 asylum applications submitted by Afghans in 2008, the number is at its highest since 60,000 2002 (29,400 claims) and is almost double the figure 50,000 of the year before (10,000 claims). This made 40,000 Afghanistan the fourth important source country of 30,000 asylum-seekers in the industrialized world. As with 20,000 Somalia, the deteriorating security situation in 10,000 Afghanistan is likely to be the main reason. The top 15 0 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 destination countries of Afghan asylum-seekers in 2008 recorded an increase in numbers compared to 2007, with the highest numbers reported for the United Kingdom (3,700 claims), Turkey (2,600), Greece (2,300), and Italy (2,000).

The number of Chinese asylum-seekers remained fairly stable. Some 17,400 Chinese asylumseekers were registered in 2008, virtually the same number as the preceding year (17,200 claims). Since 2002, the number of Chinese nationals requesting asylum in the 44 industrialized countries has declined by one-third, and in 2008 reached its second lowest level in a decade.

China dropped from the third to the fifth most important country of origin in 2008.

More than 15,200 asylum claims were submitted by citizens of Serbia in 2008, slightly less than the year before (16,100 claims). France remained the prime destination with 3,100 claims registered, followed by Sweden (2,000), Austria (1,700), and Hungary (1,600). It is noteworthy that asylum claims of Serb citizens decreased in Sweden by 20 per cent, while in Hungary they doubled. About half the countries reporting monthly asylum statistics to UNHCR distinguish applicants originating from Kosovo in their data. The available evidence shows that in these countries, on average, 60 per cent of Serb applicants come from Kosovo. Among the main receiving countries, the proportion of Kosovars is high in Hungary (79%) and France (78%) and relatively low in Italy (8%), Finland (42%), Belgium (46%), and Norway (46%).

Other important source countries of asylum-seekers in the 44 industrialized countries during 2008 were Nigeria (13,700 claims), Pakistan (13,300), Eritrea (12,300), Mexico (12,200) and the Islamic Republic of Iran (10,800).

The distribution of asylum-seekers in industrialized countries as described above reflects general trends. However, it also hides patterns of certain nationalities tending to cluster in a limited number of countries. For instance, two-thirds of Russian asylum claims were lodged in Poland (32%), France (17%) and Austria (17%), while more than half (57%) of all Chinese asylum applications in 2008 were submitted in the United States of America alone. In addition, more than half of the 21,800 Somali asylum applicants were registered in three countries: Italy (20%), the Netherlands (18%), and Sweden (15%). Similarly, 6 out of every 10 Iraqi asylum claims were lodged in four countries only: Turkey (17%), Germany (17%), Sweden (15%), and the Netherlands (12%). Four out of every 10 claims by Nigerians were submitted in Italy. Virtually all applications lodged by Mexican nationals during 2008 were submitted in Canada (77%) or the United States of America (23%), a phenomenon which has been observed for some years now.

11

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 5. Changes in the ranking of the top10 countries of origin, 2005-2008 Country of origin Iraq Somalia Russian Federation Afghanistan China Serbia* Nigeria Pakistan Eritrea Mexico

2005 4 11 2 9 3 1 8 10 24 17

2006 1 9 4 7 2 3 11 10 8 13

2007 1 6 2 7 3 4 11 5 9 8

2008 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

* Statistics prior to 2007 refer to Serbia and Montenegro.

Over the last four years, some changes have occurred in the ranking of the main countries of origin of asylum applicants. From 2005 to 2008, Iraqis have moved up the list from the fourth to the first position. Somalia became second most important source country in 2008 as compared to 2005 (11th place) while Afghanistan moved from ninth to fourth place. Eritrea also saw a significant change from 24th in 2005 to ninth place three years later. In contrast, asylum applicants originating from Serbia dropped from the first to the sixth position while those originating from China fell from third to fifth place during the same period.

12

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 1. Asylum applications submitted in Europe and selected non-European countries, 2004-2008 For country notes and regional classification, see next page.

Country/ region of asylum Albania Armenia Australia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and H. Bulgaria Canada Croatia Cyprus Czech Rep. Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Montenegro Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Rep. of Korea Rep. of Moldova Romania Russian Federation Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland TfYR Macedonia Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom United States EU-"Old" (15) EU-"New" (12) EU-Total (27) Nordic countries (5) Western Europe (19) Southern Europe (8) Former Yugoslavia (6) Former USSR (10) Total Europe (42) Canada/USA Australia/New Zealand Japan/Rep. of Korea

2004 20 190 3,200 24,630 1,230 170 15,360 200 1,130 25,500 160 9,860 5,460 3,240 10 3,860 58,550 10 35,610 4,470 1,600 80 4,770 9,720 430 10 70 170 1,580 1,000 9,780 580 7,950 8,080 110 150 110 660 910 60 11,400 1,170 5,540 23,160 15,060 100 3,910 1,360 40,620 52,360 241,000 40,550 281,550 38,290 264,160 34,630 1,690 4,170 313,140 77,860 3,780 580

2005 30 160 3,200 22,460 1,050 210 15,960 150 820 19,740 190 7,750 4,160 2,260 10 3,570 49,730 20 28,910 9,050 1,610 90 4,320 9,550 380 20 50 120 800 1,170 12,350 350 5,400 6,860 110 410 110 590 960 90 3,550 1,600 5,250 17,530 10,800 70 3,920 1,770 30,840 48,770 212,690 28,260 240,950 28,850 229,030 36,830 2,100 4,430 266,020 68,510 3,550 790

2006 20 620 3,520 13,350 670 90 11,590 70 640 22,910 90 4,550 3,020 1,920 10 2,330 30,750 30 21,030 12,270 2,120 40 4,310 10,350 950 10 50 140 520 1,270 20 14,470 280 5,320 4,430 130 280 70 460 1,170 20 2,870 520 5,300 24,320 11,170 60 4,550 2,080 28,320 51,880 180,960 20,040 201,000 33,930 197,540 38,440 780 4,890 227,140 74,790 3,800 1,230

2007 30 300 3,980 11,920 540 50 11,120 570 980 28,340 200 6,790 1,880 1,850 10 1,430 29,390 20 19,160 25,110 3,430 40 3,990 14,050 820 30 30 130 430 1,380 7,100 250 6,530 7,210 220 720 80 660 3,370 40 2,640 430 7,660 36,370 10,840 30 7,650 2,270 28,300 50,720 198,100 25,570 223,670 46,220 215,540 62,890 1,270 6,800 256,260 79,060 4,230 1,540

2008 10 210 4,750 12,810 560 90 12,250 100 750 36,900 160 3,920 1,690 2,360 10 4,020 35,160 40 21,370 19,880 3,120 80 3,870 31,160 1,600 50 30 220 460 2,610 10 13,400 250 14,430 7,200 160 360 60 1,080 3,970 80 910 240 4,480 24,350 16,610 50 12,980 2,240 30,550 49,020 216,280 21,800 238,080 45,240 247,430 75,200 640 7,450 289,790 85,920 5,000 1,960

Total 110 1,480 18,650 85,170 4,050 610 66,280 1,090 4,320 133,390 800 32,870 16,210 11,630 50 15,210 203,580 120 126,080 70,780 11,880 330 21,260 74,830 4,180 120 230 780 3,790 7,430 30 57,100 1,710 39,630 33,780 730 1,920 430 3,450 10,380 290 21,370 3,960 28,230 125,730 64,480 310 33,010 9,720 158,630 252,750 1,049,030 136,220 1,185,250 192,530 1,153,700 247,990 6,480 27,740 1,352,350 386,140 20,360 6,100

Total (51)

395,360

338,870

306,960

341,090

382,670

1,764,950

Annual Share Rank Per 1,000 inhabitants Per 1 USD/GDP per capita* change Total Rank Total Rank '08-'07 2008 '04-'08 2008 '04-'08 2008 '04-'08 2008 '04-'08 2008 '04-'08 2008 '04-'08 -67% 0% 0% 49 49 0.0 0.0 51 48 0.0 0.0 48 46 -30% 0% 0% 37 36 0.1 0.5 31 30 0.0 0.3 32 31 19% 1% 1% 16 20 0.2 0.9 22 25 0.1 0.5 21 24 7% 3% 5% 13 7 1.5 10.2 7 4 0.3 2.2 14 10 4% 0% 0% 31 30 0.1 0.5 32 31 0.1 0.5 26 23 80% 0% 0% 41 41 0.0 0.1 46 43 0.0 0.1 41 38 10% 3% 4% 14 10 1.2 6.3 8 10 0.3 1.9 12 12 -82% 0% 0% 40 37 0.0 0.3 39 34 0.0 0.2 35 32 -23% 0% 0% 30 28 0.1 0.6 30 29 0.1 0.4 28 27 30% 10% 8% 2 4 1.1 4.1 9 12 1.0 3.5 5 5 -20% 0% 0% 38 38 0.0 0.2 37 37 0.0 0.1 37 39 -42% 1% 2% 20 16 4.6 38.5 2 1 0.1 1.2 20 16 -10% 0% 1% 26 21 0.2 1.6 26 20 0.1 0.7 27 21 28% 1% 1% 24 24 0.4 2.1 18 18 0.1 0.3 29 29 0% 0% 0% 49 50 0.0 0.0 49 47 0.0 0.0 49 49 181% 1% 1% 18 22 0.8 2.9 14 16 0.1 0.4 22 26 20% 9% 12% 3 2 0.6 3.3 15 15 1.0 6.1 2 1 100% 0% 0% 47 47 0.0 0.0 47 51 0.0 0.0 40 45 12% 6% 7% 7 5 0.3 1.5 21 21 0.6 3.7 9 4 -21% 5% 4% 8 9 1.8 6.3 6 9 0.7 2.4 7 9 -9% 1% 1% 22 23 0.3 1.2 19 23 0.2 0.6 18 22 100% 0% 0% 42 43 0.3 1.1 20 24 0.0 0.0 47 47 -3% 1% 1% 21 19 0.9 4.9 11 11 0.1 0.5 25 25 122% 8% 4% 4 8 0.5 1.3 16 22 1.0 2.5 3 8 95% 0% 0% 27 29 0.0 0.0 45 49 0.0 0.1 30 35 67% 0% 0% 45 47 0.0 0.1 41 44 0.0 0.0 46 48 0% 0% 0% 48 46 0.9 6.5 12 8 ..

50 ..

69% 0% 0% 36 39 0.1 0.2 33 35 0.0 0.0 36 41 7% 0% 0% 32 32 1.0 8.1 10 7 0.0 0.0 45 40 89% 1% 0% 23 27 6.4 18.3 1 2 0.1 0.3 23 28 ..

0% 0% 49 51 0.0 0.1 42 45 ..

50 ..

89% 4% 3% 11 12 0.8 3.5 13 14 0.3 1.5 13 14 0% 0% 0% 34 35 0.1 0.4 34 33 0.0 0.1 38 37 121% 4% 2% 10 13 3.1 8.4 3 6 0.3 0.7 16 19 0% 2% 2% 15 14 0.2 0.9 23 26 0.4 2.1 10 11 -27% 0% 0% 38 40 0.0 0.1 44 42 0.0 0.0 43 43 -50% 0% 0% 33 34 0.0 0.0 50 46 0.0 0.1 34 36 -25% 0% 0% 44 42 0.0 0.1 43 40 0.0 0.1 33 33 64% 0% 0% 28 33 0.1 0.2 35 38 0.1 0.3 24 30 18% 1% 1% 19 25 0.0 0.1 38 41 0.3 0.7 17 20 100% 0% 0% 42 45 0.0 0.0 48 50 0.0 0.0 42 44 -66% 0% 1% 29 18 0.2 4.0 25 13 0.0 1.1 31 17 -44% 0% 0% 35 31 0.1 2.0 28 19 0.0 0.1 39 34 -42% 1% 2% 17 17 0.1 0.6 29 28 0.1 0.9 19 18 -33% 6% 7% 6 6 2.7 13.8 4 3 0.7 3.4 8 6 53% 4% 4% 9 11 2.2 8.6 5 5 0.4 1.6 11 13 67% 0% 0% 45 44 0.0 0.2 40 39 0.0 0.0 44 42 70% 3% 2% 12 15 0.2 0.4 24 32 1.0 2.6 4 7 -1% 1% 1% 25 26 0.0 0.2 36 36 0.3 1.4 15 15 8% 8% 9% 5 3 0.5 2.6 17 17 0.9 4.5 6 3 -3% 13% 14% 1 1 0.2 0.8 27 27 1.1 5.5 1 2 9% 57% 59% 0.6 2.7 -15% 6% 8% 0.2 1.3 6% 62% 67% 0.5 2.4 -2% 12% 11% 1.8 7.8 15% 65% 65% 0.6 2.9 20% 20% 14% 0.4 1.2 -50% 0% 0% 0.0 0.3 10% 2% 2% 0.0 0.1 13% 76% 77% 0.4 1.6 9% 22% 22% 0.3 1.1 18% 1% 1% 0.2 0.8 27% 1% 0% 0.0 0.0 12%

0.3

1.3

Notes Source: Governments, UNHCR. See Notes on next page for information on applications registered with UNHCR. This table includes final data for 2004 to 2007. In the following tables, the 2007 figures are based on the monthly database. This results in some discrepancies.

All figures in this table have been rounded to the closest ten. * This refers to Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita.

13

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 TABLE 1. NOTES

a. Country notes Australia. Figures exclude individuals who arrived off-shore and whose claims have been processed on Manus Island, Papua New Guinea or Nauru.

Azerbaijan. Source: Government and UNHCR. Belgium. Figures exclude accompanying children. Data include repeat applications (2,030 in 2004; 2,360 in 2005; 2,190 in 2006; 2,800 in 2007; and 3,330 in 2008).

Bosnia and Herzegovina. UNHCR figures for 2004; Government figures since 2005.

Canada. Source: Citizenship and Immigration Canada.

Croatia. In addition, UNHCR registered applications for refugee status in 2004 (47) and 2005 (7).

Cyprus. In addition, UNHCR registered asylum applications in the northern part of Cyprus in 2004 (74), 2005 (25), 2006 (12), and 2007 (44).

Denmark. Figures for 2007 and 2008 exclude Iraqi interpreters who have worked for the Danish Forces in Iraq.

France. Includes asylum applications of minors.

Germany. The delay in registering people, as well as changes in the registration procedures has resulted in discrepancies between the cumulative total of monthly asylum claims and the total number of asylum claims in Germany. As such, Table 1 reflects the total number of asylum claims (28,910 in 2005; 21,030 in 2006; 19,160 in 2007; and 22,085 in 2008) whereas all other tables in this report reflect the monthly totals (27,210 in 2005; 20,610 in 2006; 18,530 in 2007; and 21,370 in 2008).

Montenegro. Prior to 2005, data for Montenegro is included in the Serbian data (Source: UNHCR). Data for 2008 are Government figures.

Netherlands. Data prior to 2007 includes a significant number of repeat applications. The 2007-2008 figures are thus not comparable to previous years.

Poland. Data excludes a significant number of repeat applications.

Serbia. 2004 refers to Serbia (including Kosovo) and Montenegro. 2005-2008 refers to Serbia (including Kosovo). Source: UNHCR. Spain. Includes applications lodged at Spanish embassies.

Switzerland. Figures differ from previously reported ones due to retroactive revisions.

Turkey. Source: UNHCR. United States. Figures include (1) statistics from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), based on the number of cases and multiplied by 1.4 to reflect the number of individuals; and (2) the number of new ("defensive") requests lodged with the Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR), based on the number of individuals.

b. Regional classification EU-"old" (15). Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom.

EU-"new" (12). Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Rep., Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia.

EU-Total (27). EU-"old" and EU-"new".

Nordic countries (5). Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden.

Western Europe (19). EU-"old" plus Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein and Switzerland.

Southern Europe (8). Albania, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Spain and Turkey.

Former Yugoslavia (6). Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia (incl. Kosovo), Slovenia and TfYR Macedonia.

Former USSR (10). Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Latvia, Lithuania, Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation and Ukraine.

Total Europe (42). All European countries listed.

Source for national population: United Nations, Population Division, "World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision", New York, 2009.

Source for GDP (PPP)/per capita: International Monetary Fund, accessed at www.imf.org on 5 November 2008.

14

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 2. Origin of asylum applications lodged in 44 industrialized countries, 2007 and 2008 Covering all 44 countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. (2007 data for Italy is based on annual data; 2008 on monthly data).

Origin Iraq Russian Federation China Somalia Serbia* Afghanistan Pakistan Mexico Nigeria Eritrea Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Haiti Bangladesh Colombia Syrian Arab Rep. Dem. Rep. of the Congo India Georgia Zimbabwe Armenia C么te d'Ivoire Guinea El Salvador Ethiopia Algeria Stateless Sudan Mali Cameroon Guatemala Viet Nam Ghana United States Lebanon Albania Mongolia Myanmar Azerbaijan Other Total

2007 45,100 18,805 17,219 12,336 16,076 9,992 14,450 9,560 8,019 9,160 8,703 7,792 7,224 6,644 6,057 6,641 5,547 4,810 5,027 4,066 3,045 3,947 3,107 3,117 3,611 3,152 2,888 2,720 2,396 1,330 2,190 2,469 2,611 1,641 1,886 2,313 1,724 1,699 1,387 1,506 49,504 321,471

2008 40,483 20,477 17,428 21,823 15,204 18,459 13,268 12,169 13,708 12,309 10,813 9,678 7,427 7,117 6,182 4,984 4,855 5,209 4,779 5,548 5,546 4,368 4,155 4,014 3,277 3,480 3,590 2,796 2,660 3,665 2,589 2,154 1,982 2,821 2,366 1,791 1,929 1,883 1,989 1,834 54,537 365,346

Total 85,583 39,282 34,647 34,159 31,280 28,451 27,718 21,729 21,727 21,469 19,516 17,470 14,651 13,761 12,239 11,625 10,402 10,019 9,806 9,614 8,591 8,315 7,262 7,131 6,888 6,632 6,478 5,516 5,056 4,995 4,779 4,623 4,593 4,462 4,252 4,104 3,653 3,582 3,376 3,340 104,041 579,815

Annual change -10% 9% 1% 77% -5% 85% -8% 27% 71% 34% 24% 24% 3% 7% 2% -25% -12% 8% -5% 36% 82% 11% 34% 29% -9% 10% 24% 3% 11% 176% 18% -13% -24% 72% 25% -23% 12% 11% 43% 22% 10% 14%

Share 2007 2008 14.0 11.1 5.8 5.6 5.4 4.8 3.8 6.0 5.0 4.2 3.1 5.1 4.5 3.6 3.0 3.3 2.5 3.8 2.8 3.4 2.7 3.0 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.7 2.1 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.5 0.9 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 15.4 14.9 100.0 100.0

Rank 2007 2008 1 1 2 3 3 5 6 2 4 6 7 4 5 8 8 10 11 7 9 9 10 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 16 15 15 19 17 20 19 18 18 21 20 16 26 17 21 22 25 23 24 24 22 28 23 27 27 26 28 30 31 31 40 25 33 32 30 34 29 36 37 29 34 33 32 40 35 37 36 38 39 35 38 39

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

15

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 3. Origin of asylum applications lodged in Europe, 2007 and 2008 Covering 38 European countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. (2007 data for Italy is based on annual data; 2008 on monthly data).

Origin Iraq Russian Federation Somalia Serbia* Afghanistan Pakistan Eritrea Nigeria Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Bangladesh China Syrian Arab Rep. Georgia Dem. Rep. of the Congo Armenia Zimbabwe C么te d'Ivoire India Algeria Guinea Stateless Sudan Mali Viet Nam Ghana Colombia Ethiopia Lebanon Cameroon Azerbaijan Mongolia Rep. of Moldova Occupied Palestinian Territory Congo Albania Togo Angola Belarus Other Total

2007 43,819 17,789 11,879 15,639 9,585 13,492 8,683 6,957 8,043 6,202 6,889 5,700 5,944 5,412 3,965 4,352 3,622 2,521 2,701 3,398 2,777 2,445 2,543 2,175 984 2,467 1,434 2,824 1,759 1,867 1,481 1,449 1,516 1,649 1,578 1,259 1,156 886 1,132 1,108 26,851 247,932

2008 39,106 19,483 21,052 14,810 17,920 12,126 11,700 12,723 9,974 7,701 6,914 5,714 4,662 4,693 5,372 4,645 4,042 4,711 3,873 2,971 3,470 3,496 2,610 2,437 3,444 1,796 2,672 1,089 1,882 1,439 1,748 1,767 1,686 984 1,043 1,256 1,353 1,491 1,095 1,021 30,635 282,606

Total 82,925 37,272 32,931 30,449 27,505 25,618 20,383 19,680 18,017 13,903 13,803 11,414 10,606 10,105 9,337 8,997 7,664 7,232 6,574 6,369 6,247 5,941 5,153 4,612 4,428 4,263 4,106 3,913 3,641 3,306 3,229 3,216 3,202 2,633 2,621 2,515 2,509 2,377 2,227 2,129 57,486 530,538

Annual change -11% 10% 77% -5% 87% -10% 35% 83% 24% 24% 0% 0% -22% -13% 35% 7% 12% 87% 43% -13% 25% 43% 3% 12% 250% -27% 86% -61% 7% -23% 18% 22% 11% -40% -34% 0% 17% 68% -3% -8% 14% 14%

Share 2007 2008 17.7 13.8 7.2 6.9 4.8 7.4 6.3 5.2 3.9 6.3 5.4 4.3 3.5 4.1 2.8 4.5 3.2 3.5 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.0 2.4 1.6 2.2 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.0 1.7 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.4 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 10.8 10.8 100.0 100.0

Rank 2007 2008 1 1 2 3 5 2 3 5 6 4 4 7 7 8 9 6 8 9 11 10 10 11 13 12 12 16 14 15 16 13 15 17 17 18 23 14 21 19 18 23 20 21 25 20 22 25 26 26 39 22 24 28 34 24 19 37 28 27 27 33 32 30 33 29 31 31 29 40 30 38 35 35 36 34 40 32 37 36 38 39

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

16

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 4. Origin of asylum applications lodged in the European Union (27), 2007 and 2008 Covering 27 European Union countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. (2007 data for Italy is based on annual data; 2008 on monthly data).

Origin Iraq Russian Federation Somalia Serbia* Pakistan Afghanistan Nigeria Eritrea Islamic Rep. of Iran Turkey Bangladesh Sri Lanka China Syrian Arab Rep. Georgia Dem. Rep. of the Congo Armenia Zimbabwe C么te d'Ivoire India Algeria Guinea Mali Viet Nam Sudan Ghana Colombia Stateless Lebanon Azerbaijan Cameroon Mongolia Rep. of Moldova Congo Ethiopia Albania Occupied Palestinian Territory Togo Belarus Ukraine Other Total

2007 38,117 16,738 10,102 13,348 13,369 8,321 6,509 6,188 5,883 6,220 5,654 5,270 5,634 5,035 3,725 3,999 3,568 2,496 2,533 3,281 2,618 2,301 975 2,415 2,009 1,402 2,775 2,026 1,749 1,398 1,319 1,382 1,603 1,236 1,184 1,076 1,419 770 1,053 1,016 24,234 221,950

2008 27,607 18,183 17,093 12,633 12,007 13,497 11,280 6,974 6,734 6,299 5,665 6,040 4,281 4,162 4,849 4,220 3,961 4,646 3,672 2,867 3,133 3,209 3,415 1,758 2,068 2,584 1,037 1,656 1,347 1,691 1,620 1,518 955 1,226 1,277 1,256 888 1,379 962 938 27,497 238,084

Total 65,724 34,921 27,195 25,981 25,376 21,818 17,789 13,162 12,617 12,519 11,319 11,310 9,915 9,197 8,574 8,219 7,529 7,142 6,205 6,148 5,751 5,510 4,390 4,173 4,077 3,986 3,812 3,682 3,096 3,089 2,939 2,900 2,558 2,462 2,461 2,332 2,307 2,149 2,015 1,954 51,731 460,034

Annual change -28% 9% 69% -5% -10% 62% 73% 13% 14% 1% 0% 15% -24% -17% 30% 6% 11% 86% 45% -13% 20% 39% 250% -27% 3% 84% -63% -18% -23% 21% 23% 10% -40% -1% 8% 17% -37% 79% -9% -8% 13% 7%

2007 17.2 7.5 4.6 6.0 6.0 3.7 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.3 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.3 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.5 10.9 100.0

Share 2008 11.6 7.6 7.2 5.3 5.0 5.7 4.7 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.5 1.8 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.7 2.0 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 11.5 100.0

Total 14.3 7.6 5.9 5.6 5.5 4.7 3.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 11.2 100.0

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

17

Rank 2007 2008 1 1 2 2 5 3 4 5 3 6 6 4 7 7 9 8 10 9 8 10 11 12 13 11 12 15 14 17 16 13 15 16 17 18 22 14 21 19 18 23 20 22 24 21 39 20 23 26 26 25 30 24 19 36 25 28 27 32 31 27 33 29 32 30 28 38 34 35 35 33 36 34 29 40 40 31 37 37 38 39

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 5. Applications submitted by country of asylum and origin, 2007 Covering the 44 countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR (exception: data for Italy is based on annual data).

Top-20 ranking of countries based on applications lodged in all countries. An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Origin Iraq Russian Federation China Serbia*** Pakistan Somalia Afghanistan Mexico Eritrea Islamic Rep. of Iran Nigeria Sri Lanka Turkey Haiti Colombia Bangladesh Syrian Arab Rep. India Dem. Rep. of the Congo Georgia

Origin Iraq Russian Federation China Serbia*** Pakistan Somalia Afghanistan Mexico Eritrea Islamic Rep. of Iran Nigeria Sri Lanka Turkey Haiti Colombia Bangladesh Syrian Arab Rep. India Dem. Rep. of the Congo Georgia

Origin Iraq Russian Federation China Serbia*** Pakistan Somalia Afghanistan Mexico Eritrea Islamic Rep. of Iran Nigeria Sri Lanka Turkey Haiti Colombia Bangladesh Syrian Arab Rep. India Dem. Rep. of the Congo Georgia

Albania

Australia

Austria

Belgium

10 * * * -

216 21 1,213 10 145 6 20 * 21 84 17 445 38 25 66 10 349 * -

472 2,676 223 1,760 103 467 761 14 248 394 37 659 * * 70 166 385 37 400

825 1,436 135 1,219 150 168 696 27 411 78 88 250 5 10 61 199 53 716 156

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

5,474 50 36 * 9,144 174 1,556 26 354 390 134 133 2,965 1,311 261 * 1,559

136 51 417 723 15 99 35 * 14 86 10 56 10 48 8 * 131

* 5 * * * * * * * * 5 -

285 52 259 29 185 144 78 * 113 85 1,028 12 6 24 7 24 149 174

Poland

Portugal

Rep. of Korea

Romania

29 6,536 20 * 31 9 9 * * 22 62 10 * 23 * 41 * 14

* 6 -

* * 29 * * * 100 67 24 * * 10 -

243 * 26 183 7 28 * 6 * 5 40 * 9 10 15 * *

* * 15 7 * * * 6 * 86 5 11 -

Ireland

Bosnia and H.

* 555 * * * * * -

Italy

189 36 13 1,113 176 757 663 2,260 69 1,336 224 394 66 315 27 62 37 20

Serbia

35 * * 9

Bulgaria

Canada

Croatia

533 8 7 * * * 77 * 33 18 13 * 17 15 * *

293 302 1,353 133 349 238 270 7,057 141 220 755 793 150 3,231 2,577 73 68 641 351 59

6 * 86 15 * 15 * * * * * 6

200 62 214 339 12 24 475 182 661 46 264 1,752 294 5 352

Liechtenstein

Lithuania

* 6 * * * * * *

53 * * * 13

14 13 * 225 * * 16 7 * * *

Spain

Sweden

1,564 82 8 9 22 152 15 * 24 26 674 32 18 * 2,437 37 31 177 131 13

18,559 788 121 2,500 61 3,349 609 5 878 485 136 27 290 12 87 440 90 66 204

Japan

Latvia

* 5 17 * 27 12 19 6 43 76 * 14 * 10 -

* * * * 6 -

Slovakia

Slovenia

132 307 96 7 650 9 66 * 9 20 9 108 39 619 * 134

* 9 * 234 11 12 * * 39 * * * *

Cyprus

Czech Rep.

Denmark**

Estonia

49 99 38 49 22 6 21 * 6 69 38 213 17 31 19 24 45

700 115 41 92 17 35 144 6 109 22 42 24 * 6 74 56 * 6

* * -

307 172 9 142 8 81 70 * 78 41 18 74 13 8 11 35 6

144 3,222 1,288 3,063 343 47 184 91 147 445 2,130 2,223 673 79 959 45 63 2,126 177

4,171 752 246 1,871 293 126 329 335 616 439 370 1,368 * 25 66 604 412 173 183

Montenegro

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

5 * 585 * 339 38 * * 14 -

-

2,004 81 243 24 22 1,874 143 153 187 179 104 103 15 5 36 80 15 66

30 * 26 8 6 * 27 * 25 * * 18 * 7 * -

1,227 863 40 585 43 187 234 * 789 222 108 238 49 * * 12 49 83 54 *

Switzerland

TfYR Macedonia

Turkey

956 171 249 1,030 46 464 322 * 1,661 231 327 636 616 * 48 31 301 25 217 221

* 22 5 * -

3,471 * 16 12 1,124 705 45 1,687 6 50 * 21 76 -

Luxembourg

** Asylum claims in Denmark exclude Iraqi interpreters who have worked for the Danish Forces in Iraq. *** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro. **** Combination of number of persons (EOIR) and cases (DHS).

18

Malta

Finland

United Kingdom

2,075 125 2,185 95 1,765 1,960 2,815 1,905 2,510 905 1,250 245 40 590 190 600 440 60

France

United States****

735 684 8,637 292 425 207 101 2,487 315 307 183 217 68 2,726 1,213 162 55 629 84 42

Germany

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 6. Applications submitted by country of asylum and origin, 2008 Covering all 44 asylum countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. Top-20 ranking of countries based on applications lodged in all countries. An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Origin Iraq Somalia Russian Federation Afghanistan China Serbia*** Nigeria Pakistan Eritrea Mexico Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Haiti Bangladesh Georgia Zimbabwe Dem. Rep. of the Congo Colombia Syrian Arab Rep.

Origin Iraq Somalia Russian Federation Afghanistan China Serbia*** Nigeria Pakistan Eritrea Mexico Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Haiti Bangladesh Georgia Zimbabwe Dem. Rep. of the Congo Colombia Syrian Arab Rep.

Origin Iraq Somalia Russian Federation Afghanistan China Serbia*** Nigeria Pakistan Eritrea Mexico Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Haiti Bangladesh Georgia Zimbabwe Dem. Rep. of the Congo Colombia Syrian Arab Rep.

Albania

Australia

Austria

Belgium

5 * -

193 15 21 52 1,226 5 25 220 6 158 417 36 131 * 214 8 23 16

494 392 3,436 1,365 236 1,702 535 106 19 250 12 418 52 514 12 65 140

1,070 163 1,615 879 189 1,050 59 150 35 614 148 284 * 79 222 8 579 * 281

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

1,760 149 125 2,287 55 6 746 6,914 47 312 123 53 1,778 2,241 12 808

125 185 21 116 55 1,593 56 246 10 12 70 35 165 * 16

5 * * 5 * 15 5 * * * 5 * *

203 141 30 79 180 41 1,008 237 78 65 11 5 47 180 114 172 17

Poland

Portugal

Rep. of Korea

Romania

66 * 6,647 * 20 * 19 15 * 17 17 * * 54 * 8

* * * *

* * 30 27 47 7 71 30 11 -

133 8 11 5 53 25 7 252 8 7 79 172 43 * * 11

* 8 5 * 27 5 17 24 -

Ireland

Bosnia and H.

82 * * -

Italy

803 4,473 14 2,005 44 851 5,333 920 2,739 141 221 759 1,322 46 42 63 62 36

Serbia

12 * * 17 5

Bulgaria

Canada

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Rep.

Denmark**

Estonia

France

Germany

350 14 7 55 10 * 18 * 19 17 7 * * * 20

310 441 280 408 1,476 139 765 368 178 9,413 284 1,000 230 4,247 96 92 348 437 3,069 76

* 8 * 62 * 16 7 8 10 -

170 * 27 33 91 100 221 213 408 72 178 122 * 5 963

27 * 80 28 32 30 42 13 * 6 251 39 11 63

543 58 183 418 19 118 29 14 15 196 53 39 * 14 25 5 9 105

* * * * * -

1,253 1,176 208 249 6 161 76 8 * * 143 36 65 9 13 * 31 24

627 92 3,579 263 821 3,129 459 325 120 147 2,304 2,196 925 1,242 376 15 2,485 116 32

6,697 166 768 650 285 1,511 500 309 247 804 459 1,320 * 41 233 69 166 8 744

Montenegro

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

5,027 3,842 95 395 563 32 97 46 236 322 216 71 9 64 10 40 34 48

33 * * * 24 * * * * 28 26 * 9 8 * * *

3,137 1,293 1,078 1,363 81 675 436 38 1,799 * 720 342 82 8 19 17 107 9 115

Japan

Latvia

* * 18 10 37 38 90 156 33 * 14 7 -

5 10 * * * * * 17 *

Slovakia

Slovenia

45 107 75 44 16 * 95 5 13 7 42 112 * 8

* 10 * 69 7 * 11 * 72 * * -

Liechtenstein Lithuania

* * * * * -

Spain

61 195 63 50 6 * 801 52 43 8 64 61 26 5 38 62 15 103 753 97

Luxembourg

* 138 * * * * 6 * 6 * 7 * * 5

29 10 13 * * 219 5 11 18 * * 6 -

5 1,081 223 * 176 5 * * * * * *

* * * -

Sweden

Switzerland

TfYR Macedonia

Turkey

6,083 3,361 933 784 75 1,989 176 59 857 799 35 254 * 93 211 15 60 10 551

1,440 2,014 208 405 272 1,301 988 53 2,849 * 393 1,262 519 * 38 481 48 246 43 388

* * 6 34 * * * -

6,904 647 2,642 27 7 9 76 2,116 42 * 72 22

** Asylum claims in Denmark exclude Iraqi interpreters who have worked for the Danish Forces in Iraq. *** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro. **** Combination of number of persons (EOIR) and cases (DHS).

19

Malta

Finland

United Kingdom

2,030 1,575 70 3,730 1,490 80 970 2,010 2,345 2,585 1,840 225 500 85 4,330 380 25 180

United States****

835 311 691 73 9,992 250 157 467 423 2,739 324 373 90 1,929 169 83 264 91 794 68

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 7. Quarterly asylum applications lodged in 44 industrialized countries, 2007-2008 Covering 44 countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. Asylum country Albania Australia Austria Belgium Bosnia and H. Bulgaria Canada Croatia Cyprus Czech Rep. Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Montenegro Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Republic of Korea Romania Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland TfYR Macedonia Turkey United Kingdom United States

2007 Q1

Q2

2008 Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q4 1,293 3,912 3,376 26 156 9,775 56 928 410 787 7 1,758 10,368 5,229 4,856 1,106 16 980 9,917 499 31 4 94 100 612 3,630 63 4,356 2,167 33 106 392 13 250 78 1,127 6,105 6,255 6 4,142 8,015 11,118

Quarterly change 2008 Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 -60% -100% ..

9% 45% -13% -10% 40% 10% -6% 14% 7% -69% -63% 333% -23% -4% -10% 0% 22% -5% -21% 3% 81% -20% 9% -5% -40% 0% 17% -16% 32% 33% 0% -67% 600% 61% 93% 43% 4% 7% 18% -14% 9% -3% 7% -7% 0% -26% 54% 39% 27% 47% -43% 1% 11% -5% 23% 66% -2% 18% 17% 17% 25% 120% 182% -40% 0% -33% 0% 70% 68% 0% 67% -39% 30% 43% -32% -33% 0% -100% 17% 29% -9% -11% -10% 11% 18% 61% -7% 0% 34% 7% 100% -44% -6% -31% 23% 23% -11% 97% 18% -72% 357% -59% 44% -2% 4% 71% -36% 70% 5% -18% 14% -26% 14% 2% 13% 39% 42% -14% 483% -83% 19% 52% 4% -11% 17% 0% 6% -6% -10%

12 912 3,064 2,802 5 231 5,890 31 1,651 464 603 1 308 7,656 4,430 7,446 509 10 1,065 ..

163 4 4 47 101 257 2 1,660 67 1,215 717 67 167 87 6 670 62 2,333 9,228 3,142 4 1,202 6,750 13,486

11 1,039 2,645 2,728 454 209 5,490 35 1,649 382 376 5 296 7,037 3,791 7,148 696 7 911 ..

206 9 10 21 97 140 1,373 48 1,233 659 76 154 115 6 822 121 1,849 8,393 2,450 10 2,019 5,920 13,525

3 1,022 2,948 2,565 55 232 7,587 51 1,381 471 407 1 451 6,774 5,172 5,456 770 17 970 ..

201 19 10 15 124 405 1,845 60 1,927 1,526 37 122 278 22 769 140 1,440 9,423 2,408 7 2,476 7,090 10,752

2 998 3,264 3,020 58 303 9,375 78 2,108 561 486 2 379 7,691 5,140 5,063 1,444 8 1,039 ..

246 2 8 33 104 577 2,224 73 2,153 4,214 41 274 179 30 382 104 1,841 9,163 2,844 12 1,945 8,140 11,830

5 942 2,813 2,941 52 236 8,411 38 1,117 582 533 3 395 7,849 5,760 4,916 701 15 924 4,966 309 4 10 33 99 478 3 2,656 71 2,478 1,503 31 102 189 25 172 42 1,150 7,049 2,786 7 2,210 7,705 12,413

2 1,027 2,537 2,777 16 181 8,424 30 896 349 448 3 636 8,175 4,965 5,249 517 19 929 6,115 365 5 6 33 99 623 2 3,109 63 2,915 1,507 62 70 169 7 247 72 1,211 5,221 3,159 6 2,629 6,840 13,152

Q3 1,488 3,547 3,158 6 173 10,285 31 981 349 592 1 1,227 8,772 5,417 4,863 794 28 1,032 10,166 426 11 6 56 165 894 2 4,004 57 4,682 2,026 35 86 333 32 241 46 990 5,978 4,406 35 4,000 7,985 12,332

47,513 4,700 52,213 11,364 51,884 11,766 57,846 19,376 979 20,685 78,531

42,640 4,828 47,468 10,305 46,340 10,873 53,703 19,015 1,087 20,462 74,165

44,702 6,007 50,709 12,225 49,064 8,722 57,685 18,339 1,082 19,744 77,429

47,595 9,909 57,504 12,189 52,608 9,632 64,642 21,205 1,071 22,796 87,438

44,821 5,060 49,881 10,470 50,110 7,697 57,510 20,824 1,013 22,248 79,758

42,258 4,602 46,860 9,239 48,357 8,043 55,651 21,576 1,090 23,101 78,752

47,765 5,905 53,670 12,507 56,887 7,763 66,898 22,617 1,545 24,674 91,572

50,276 6,231 56,507 13,022 60,907 7,556 71,381 20,893 1,356 22,854 94,235

-6% -9% -6% -12% -3% 4% -3% 4% 8% 4% -1%

13% 28% 15% 35% 18% -3% 20% 5% 42% 7% 16%

5% 6% 5% 4% 7% -3% 7% -8% -12% -7% 3%

.. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. ..

.. .. .. .. .. ..

49,787 54,847 55,076 14,873 62,476 84,724

48,373 52,975 54,472 16,787 61,766 84,867

57,931 63,836 67,053 21,929 77,064 101,738

60,193 66,424 70,824 21,615 81,298 104,152

-3% -3% -1% 13% -1% 0%

20% 21% 23% 31% 25% 20%

4% 4% 6% -1% 5% 2%

Totals excluding Italy EU-"Old" (14) EU-"New" (12) EU-Total (26) Nordic countries (5) Western Europe (18) Southern Europe (7) Total Europe (37) Canada/USA Australia/New Zealand Total non-Europe (6) Total (43)

Totals including Italy EU-"Old" (15) EU-Total (27) Western Europe (19) Southern Europe (8) Total Europe (38) Total (44)

20

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 8. Origin of asylum applicants in 43 industrialized countries by quarter, 2007 Covering 43 countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR (excluding Italy).

Origin Iraq Russian Federation China Serbia* Pakistan Somalia Mexico Afghanistan Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Eritrea Turkey Nigeria Haiti Colombia Bangladesh Syrian Arab Rep. India Dem. Rep. of the Congo Georgia Armenia El Salvador Zimbabwe Guinea Algeria Ethiopia Stateless Viet Nam Guatemala Lebanon C么te d'Ivoire Cameroon Sudan United States Rep. of Moldova Albania Mongolia Occupied Palest. Terr.

Azerbaijan Ukraine Other Total

Q1 10,732 3,323 4,430 3,936 4,004 2,577 2,112 2,283 1,996 1,875 1,660 1,889 1,634 1,540 1,177 2,448 1,443 1,403 1,293 830 949 1,025 590 744 696 715 640 497 733 706 618 545 572 268 544 416 445 182 326 392 11,675 75,863

No. of applications (excluding Italy) Q2 Q3 Q4 Total 10,695 11,742 11,742 44,911 3,273 4,228 7,945 18,769 4,194 4,091 4,491 17,206 3,728 3,774 3,525 14,963 3,366 3,916 2,988 14,274 2,413 3,247 3,342 11,579 2,318 2,565 2,565 9,560 2,265 2,185 2,596 9,329 1,809 2,273 2,556 8,634 1,746 1,941 2,006 7,568 1,060 1,758 2,422 6,900 1,642 1,495 1,804 6,830 1,467 1,688 1,894 6,683 1,418 1,773 1,913 6,644 1,602 1,430 2,366 6,575 1,263 927 1,104 5,742 1,429 1,120 1,528 5,520 1,284 1,217 1,061 4,965 1,277 1,053 1,150 4,773 1,299 954 963 4,046 893 967 1,117 3,926 955 747 867 3,594 646 786 1,021 3,043 695 719 742 2,900 589 720 814 2,819 651 680 707 2,753 595 765 718 2,718 636 555 920 2,608 739 430 567 2,469 490 538 474 2,208 493 522 492 2,125 475 526 524 2,070 479 462 500 2,013 239 590 788 1,885 395 524 305 1,768 355 404 526 1,701 443 419 390 1,697 283 365 775 1,605 330 403 436 1,495 380 363 356 1,491 11,043 10,277 12,064 45,059 71,352 75,139 85,064 307,418

Change (%) Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 0% 10% 0% -2% 29% 88% -5% -2% 10% -5% 1% -7% -16% 16% -24% -6% 35% 3% 10% 11% 0% -1% -4% 19% -9% 26% 12% -7% 11% 3% -36% 66% 38% -13% -9% 21% -10% 15% 12% -8% 25% 8% 36% -11% 65% -48% -27% 19% -1% -22% 36% -8% -5% -13% -1% -18% 9% 57% -27% 1% -6% 8% 16% -7% -22% 16% 9% 22% 30% -7% 3% 3% -15% 22% 13% -9% 4% 4% -7% 29% -6% 28% -13% 66% 1% -42% 32% -31% 10% -12% -20% 6% -6% -13% 11% 0% -16% -4% 8% -11% 147% 34% -27% 33% -42% -15% 14% 30% 0% -5% -7% 55% 29% 112% 1% 22% 8% -3% -4% -2% -5% -7% 17% -6% 5% 13%

Q1 14.1 4.4 5.8 5.2 5.3 3.4 2.8 3.0 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.6 3.2 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.4 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.5 15.4 100.0

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

21

Share (%) Q2 Q3 15.0 15.6 4.6 5.6 5.9 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.7 5.2 3.4 4.3 3.2 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.5 3.0 2.4 2.6 1.5 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.2 2.0 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 15.5 13.7 100.0 100.0

Q4 13.8 9.3 5.3 4.1 3.5 3.9 3.0 3.1 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.8 1.3 1.8 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.4 14.2 100.0

Total 2007 including Italy 45,100 18,805 17,219 16,076 14,450 12,336 9,560 9,992 8,703 7,792 9,160 7,224 8,019 6,644 6,641 6,057 5,547 5,027 4,810 4,066 3,947 3,611 3,045 3,117 2,888 3,152 2,720 2,611 2,469 2,313 3,107 2,190 2,396 1,886 1,797 1,724 1,699 1,686 1,506 1,517 48,862 321,471

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 9. Origin of asylum applicants in 44 industrialized countries by quarter, 2008 Covering 44 countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR.

Origin Iraq Somalia Russian Federation Afghanistan China Serbia* Nigeria Pakistan Eritrea Mexico Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Haiti Bangladesh Georgia Zimbabwe Dem. Rep. of the Congo Colombia Syrian Arab Rep. India Armenia C么te d'Ivoire Guinea Mali Algeria Ethiopia El Salvador Ghana Stateless Sudan Cameroon United States Guatemala Myanmar Viet Nam Albania Mongolia Azerbaijan Lebanon Other Total

Q1 10,698 3,518 5,194 3,281 4,109 3,428 2,472 3,234 2,194 2,517 2,435 2,370 2,066 1,787 1,300 946 1,172 1,323 1,308 1,172 1,040 964 1,063 903 635 788 783 796 395 627 548 592 576 521 440 523 449 486 458 611 12,432 82,154

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 8,863 10,526 10,396 4,296 6,720 7,289 4,242 5,400 5,641 3,363 5,729 6,086 4,572 4,389 4,358 2,976 3,994 4,806 2,764 4,019 4,453 3,207 3,358 3,469 1,961 3,650 4,504 2,700 3,559 3,393 2,223 2,974 3,181 2,348 2,295 2,665 1,701 1,652 2,008 1,895 1,918 1,517 1,485 1,411 1,986 1,239 1,604 1,759 1,167 1,779 1,428 1,276 1,296 1,314 1,312 1,162 1,202 1,299 1,318 1,066 1,204 1,402 1,133 1,035 1,194 1,175 1,035 1,031 1,026 901 1,078 1,132 1,174 1,195 661 690 1,054 1,058 775 943 979 948 788 745 515 1,043 868 597 861 711 573 740 799 691 670 636 605 702 483 565 595 473 460 546 543 460 521 478 451 496 533 384 458 555 379 461 536 410 336 434 13,474 14,271 14,360 82,215 99,138 101,839

Total 40,483 21,823 20,477 18,459 17,428 15,204 13,708 13,268 12,309 12,169 10,813 9,678 7,427 7,117 6,182 5,548 5,546 5,209 4,984 4,855 4,779 4,368 4,155 4,014 3,665 3,590 3,480 3,277 2,821 2,796 2,660 2,589 2,366 2,154 1,989 1,982 1,929 1,883 1,834 1,791 54,537 365,346

Change (%) Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 -17% 19% -1% 22% 56% 8% -18% 27% 4% 2% 70% 6% 11% -4% -1% -13% 34% 20% 12% 45% 11% -1% 5% 3% -11% 86% 23% 7% 32% -5% -9% 34% 7% -1% -2% 16% -18% -3% 22% 6% 1% -21% 14% -5% 41% 31% 29% 10% 0% 52% -20% -4% 2% 1% 0% -11% 3% 11% 1% -19% 16% 16% -19% 7% 15% -2% -3% 0% 0% 0% 20% 5% 85% 2% -45% -12% 53% 0% -1% 22% 4% 19% -17% -5% 30% 103% -17% -5% 44% -17% 5% 29% 8% 17% -3% -5% 5% 16% -31% 8% 5% -21% 5% 19% -1% -12% 13% -8% 0% 10% 7% -21% 19% 21% -17% 22% 16% -33% -18% 29% 8% 6% 1% 0% 21% 3%

Q1 13.0 4.3 6.3 4.0 5.0 4.2 3.0 3.9 2.7 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.2 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 15.1 100.0

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

22

Share (%) Q2 Q3 10.8 10.6 5.2 6.8 5.2 5.4 4.1 5.8 5.6 4.4 3.6 4.0 3.4 4.1 3.9 3.4 2.4 3.7 3.3 3.6 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.3 2.1 1.7 2.3 1.9 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.2 0.8 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.2 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 16.4 14.4 100.0 100.0

Q4 10.2 7.2 5.5 6.0 4.3 4.7 4.4 3.4 4.4 3.3 3.1 2.6 2.0 1.5 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.6 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 14.1 100.0

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 10. Origin of asylum applicants in Europe by quarter, 2007 Covering 37 European countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR (excluding Italy).

Origin Iraq Russian Federation Serbia* Pakistan Somalia Afghanistan Islamic Rep. of Iran Turkey Eritrea Sri Lanka China Nigeria Bangladesh Syrian Arab Rep. Dem. Rep. of the Congo Georgia Armenia India Colombia Algeria Stateless Zimbabwe Viet Nam Guinea Sudan Lebanon C么te d'Ivoire Rep. of Moldova Mongolia Occupied Palest. Terr.

Azerbaijan Cameroon Ethiopia Congo Albania Angola Belarus Ukraine Bosnia and Herzegovina Rwanda Other Total

Q1 10,414 3,096 3,832 3,766 2,452 2,169 1,841 1,813 1,550 1,473 1,461 1,391 2,355 1,407 1,189 806 849 1,006 382 667 598 481 462 575 523 576 513 518 389 157 313 357 356 306 295 328 278 274 288 281 6,061 57,848

No. of applications (excluding Italy) Change (%) Q2 Q3 Q4 Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 10,394 11,393 11,429 43,630 0% 10% 0% 2,928 4,024 7,705 17,753 -5% 37% 91% 3,618 3,686 3,390 14,526 -6% 2% -8% 3,141 3,704 2,705 13,316 -17% 18% -27% 2,323 3,142 3,205 11,122 -5% 35% 2% 2,168 2,084 2,501 8,922 0% -4% 20% 1,666 2,099 2,368 7,974 -10% 26% 13% 1,574 1,409 1,699 6,495 -13% -10% 21% 953 1,627 2,293 6,423 -39% 71% 41% 1,364 1,555 1,586 5,978 -7% 14% 2% 1,416 1,606 1,448 5,931 -3% 13% -10% 1,249 1,405 1,576 5,621 -10% 12% 12% 1,176 843 1,011 5,385 -50% -28% 20% 1,403 1,092 1,483 5,385 0% -22% 36% 1,178 939 1,009 4,315 -1% -20% 7% 1,269 931 939 3,945 57% -27% 1% 800 901 1,051 3,601 -6% 13% 17% 795 878 657 3,336 -21% 10% -25% 876 489 1,011 2,758 129% -44% 107% 568 699 774 2,708 -15% 23% 11% 553 727 663 2,541 -8% 31% -9% 530 643 865 2,519 10% 21% 35% 606 513 883 2,464 31% -15% 72% 531 550 572 2,228 -8% 4% 4% 419 409 441 1,792 -20% -2% 8% 394 421 371 1,762 -32% 7% -12% 399 407 400 1,719 -22% 2% -2% 361 486 255 1,620 -30% 35% -48% 409 373 343 1,514 5% -9% -8% 262 325 753 1,497 67% 24% 132% 315 389 421 1,438 1% 23% 8% 309 355 340 1,361 -13% 15% -4% 323 341 340 1,360 -9% 6% 0% 295 246 315 1,162 -4% -17% 28% 246 266 326 1,133 -17% 8% 23% 295 248 250 1,121 -10% -16% 1% 242 300 277 1,097 -13% 24% -8% 254 250 243 1,021 -7% -2% -3% 233 259 225 1,005 -19% 11% -13% 189 176 229 875 -33% -7% 30% 5,678 5,497 6,290 23,526 -6% -3% 14% 53,702 57,687 64,642 233,879 -7% 7% 12%

Q1 18.0 5.4 6.6 6.5 4.2 3.7 3.2 3.1 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.4 4.1 2.4 2.1 1.4 1.5 1.7 0.7 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 10.5 100.0

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

23

Share (%) Q2 Q3 19.4 19.7 5.5 7.0 6.7 6.4 5.8 6.4 4.3 5.4 4.0 3.6 3.1 3.6 2.9 2.4 1.8 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.2 1.5 2.6 1.9 2.2 1.6 2.4 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 10.6 9.5 100.0 100.0

Q4 17.7 11.9 5.2 4.2 5.0 3.9 3.7 2.6 3.5 2.5 2.2 2.4 1.6 2.3 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.0 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 9.7 100.0

Total 2007 including Italy 43,819 17,789 15,639 13,492 11,879 9,585 8,043 6,889 8,683 6,202 5,944 6,957 5,700 5,412 4,352 3,965 3,622 3,398 2,824 2,777 2,543 2,521 2,467 2,445 2,175 1,867 2,701 1,649 1,516 1,578 1,449 1,481 1,759 1,259 1,156 1,132 1,108 1,047 1,013 880 27,215 247,932

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 11. Origin of asylum applicants in Europe by quarter, 2008 Covering 38 European countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR.

Origin Iraq Somalia Russian Federation Afghanistan Serbia* Nigeria Pakistan Eritrea Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Bangladesh Georgia Zimbabwe Syrian Arab Rep. China Dem. Rep. of the Congo Armenia C么te d'Ivoire Guinea Algeria Mali India Ghana Stateless Sudan Ethiopia Viet Nam Azerbaijan Cameroon Mongolia Togo Lebanon Albania Gambia Congo Uzbekistan Angola Comoros Colombia Other Total

Q1 10,368 3,339 4,972 3,178 3,307 2,213 2,959 2,052 2,210 1,882 1,922 1,194 924 967 1,135 998 1,163 889 990 759 758 570 659 344 583 486 420 477 446 403 437 326 514 244 288 306 226 312 60 352 6,846 62,478

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 8,514 10,154 10,070 4,118 6,494 7,101 3,920 5,164 5,427 3,243 5,568 5,931 2,873 3,910 4,720 2,562 3,749 4,199 2,948 3,038 3,181 1,825 3,492 4,331 2,061 2,734 2,969 1,902 1,803 2,114 1,594 1,526 1,872 1,364 1,268 1,888 1,203 1,540 1,705 987 1,506 1,251 1,268 1,275 1,015 1,321 1,073 1,270 1,155 1,146 1,181 961 1,098 1,094 966 970 947 791 941 1,005 673 1,015 1,024 1,131 1,131 612 761 870 681 483 1,007 838 551 812 664 510 684 757 378 545 539 410 459 450 361 442 518 474 442 429 341 401 507 346 453 366 322 253 350 323 388 398 304 345 400 296 300 354 289 342 322 332 218 233 217 379 435 325 179 233 7,364 7,950 7,916 61,767 77,064 81,297

Change (%) Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 39,106 -18% 19% -1% 21,052 23% 58% 9% 19,483 -21% 32% 5% 17,920 2% 72% 7% 14,810 -13% 36% 21% 12,723 16% 46% 12% 12,126 0% 3% 5% 11,700 -11% 91% 24% 9,974 -7% 33% 9% 7,701 1% -5% 17% 6,914 -17% -4% 23% 5,714 14% -7% 49% 5,372 30% 28% 11% 4,711 2% 53% -17% 4,693 12% 1% -20% 4,662 32% -19% 18% 4,645 -1% -1% 3% 4,042 8% 14% 0% 3,873 -2% 0% -2% 3,496 4% 19% 7% 3,470 -11% 51% 1% 3,444 98% 0% -46% 2,971 15% 14% -22% 2,672 40% 108% -17% 2,610 -5% 47% -18% 2,437 5% 34% 11% 1,882 -10% 44% -1% 1,796 -14% 12% -2% 1,767 -19% 22% 17% 1,748 18% -7% -3% 1,686 -22% 18% 26% 1,491 6% 31% -19% 1,439 -37% -21% 38% 1,353 32% 20% 3% 1,337 6% 13% 16% 1,256 -3% 1% 18% 1,179 28% 18% -6% 1,095 6% -34% 7% 1,091 262% 75% 15% 1,089 -8% -45% 30% 30,076 8% 8% 0% 282,606 -1% 25% 5%

Q1 16.6 5.3 8.0 5.1 5.3 3.5 4.7 3.3 3.5 3.0 3.1 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.9 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.6 11.0 100.0

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

24

Share (%) Q2 Q3 13.8 13.2 6.7 8.4 6.3 6.7 5.3 7.2 4.7 5.1 4.1 4.9 4.8 3.9 3.0 4.5 3.3 3.5 3.1 2.3 2.6 2.0 2.2 1.6 1.9 2.0 1.6 2.0 2.1 1.7 2.1 1.4 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.1 0.8 1.3 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.2 11.9 10.3 100.0 100.0

Q4 12.4 8.7 6.7 7.3 5.8 5.2 3.9 5.3 3.7 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.1 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 9.7 100.0

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 12. Origin of asylum applicants in the European Union (26) by quarter, 2007 Covering 26 European Union countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR (excluding Italy).

Origin Iraq Russian Federation Pakistan Serbia* Somalia Afghanistan Turkey Islamic Rep. of Iran China Bangladesh Nigeria Sri Lanka Syrian Arab Rep. Dem. Rep. of the Congo Eritrea Georgia Armenia India Colombia Algeria Zimbabwe Viet Nam Guinea Stateless Lebanon Sudan Rep. of Moldova C么te d'Ivoire Azerbaijan Mongolia Occupied Palest. Territory Cameroon Congo Albania Belarus Ukraine Angola Rwanda Bosnia and Herzegovina Ethiopia Other Total

Q1 9,364 2,886 3,757 3,379 2,110 1,993 1,600 1,483 1,323 2,345 1,313 1,293 1,325 1,102 771 749 840 978 363 630 477 453 538 482 536 470 504 481 306 354 154 315 299 275 263 264 291 275 237 192 5,445 52,215

No. of applications (excluding Italy) Change (%) Q2 Q3 Q4 Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 8,836 9,628 10,100 37,928 -6% 9% 5% 2,715 3,721 7,380 16,702 -6% 37% 98% 3,084 3,681 2,671 13,193 -18% 19% -27% 2,824 3,144 2,888 12,235 -16% 11% -8% 2,000 2,599 2,636 9,345 -5% 30% 1% 1,924 1,636 2,105 7,658 -3% -15% 29% 1,418 1,253 1,555 5,826 -11% -12% 24% 1,202 1,432 1,697 5,814 -19% 19% 19% 1,360 1,545 1,393 5,621 3% 14% -10% 1,168 835 991 5,339 -50% -29% 19% 1,156 1,278 1,426 5,173 -12% 11% 12% 1,125 1,317 1,311 5,046 -13% 17% 0% 1,350 1,021 1,312 5,008 2% -24% 29% 1,110 862 888 3,962 1% -22% 3% 655 1,120 1,382 3,928 -15% 71% 23% 1,209 866 881 3,705 61% -28% 2% 787 887 1,033 3,547 -6% 13% 16% 783 845 613 3,219 -20% 8% -27% 864 484 998 2,709 138% -44% 106% 538 655 726 2,549 -15% 22% 11% 520 638 859 2,494 9% 23% 35% 588 502 869 2,412 30% -15% 73% 493 522 531 2,084 -8% 6% 2% 444 578 520 2,024 -8% 30% -10% 371 399 338 1,644 -31% 8% -15% 379 376 401 1,626 -19% -1% 7% 349 470 251 1,574 -31% 35% -47% 344 372 354 1,551 -28% 8% -5% 293 375 413 1,387 -4% 28% 10% 379 340 307 1,380 7% -10% -10% 245 248 691 1,338 59% 1% 179% 278 305 301 1,199 -12% 10% -1% 293 243 304 1,139 -2% -17% 25% 236 236 306 1,053 -14% 0% 30% 228 285 266 1,042 -13% 25% -7% 246 242 238 990 -7% -2% -2% 257 215 210 973 -12% -16% -2% 180 166 222 843 -35% -8% 34% 198 215 181 831 -16% 9% -16% 180 220 193 785 -6% 22% -12% 4,858 4,955 5,763 21,021 -11% 2% 16% 47,467 50,711 57,504 207,897 -9% 7% 13%

Q1 17.9 5.5 7.2 6.5 4.0 3.8 3.1 2.8 2.5 4.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.1 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.9 0.7 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 10.4 100.0

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

25

Share (%) Q2 Q3 18.6 19.0 5.7 7.3 6.5 7.3 5.9 6.2 4.2 5.1 4.1 3.2 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.5 1.6 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.0 2.3 1.7 1.4 2.2 2.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 10.2 9.8 100.0 100.0

Q4 17.6 12.8 4.6 5.0 4.6 3.7 2.7 3.0 2.4 1.7 2.5 2.3 2.3 1.5 2.4 1.5 1.8 1.1 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 10.0 100.0

Total 2007 including Italy 38,117 16,738 13,369 13,348 10,102 8,321 6,220 5,883 5,634 5,654 6,509 5,270 5,035 3,999 6,188 3,725 3,568 3,281 2,775 2,618 2,496 2,415 2,301 2,026 1,749 2,009 1,603 2,533 1,398 1,382 1,419 1,319 1,236 1,076 1,053 1,016 984 848 839 1,184 24,710 221,950

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 13. Origin of asylum applicants in the European Union (27), 2008 Covering 27 European Union countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR.

Origin Iraq Russian Federation Somalia Afghanistan Serbia* Pakistan Nigeria Eritrea Islamic Rep. of Iran Turkey Sri Lanka Bangladesh Georgia Zimbabwe China Dem. Rep. of the Congo Syrian Arab Rep. Armenia C么te d'Ivoire Mali Guinea Algeria India Ghana Sudan Viet Nam Azerbaijan Stateless Cameroon Mongolia Togo Lebanon Ethiopia Albania Congo Gambia Comoros Colombia Uzbekistan Senegal Other Total

Q1 8,264 4,653 2,819 2,837 2,715 2,946 1,988 1,350 1,609 1,772 1,575 1,184 841 964 929 1,047 1,029 874 953 564 709 693 648 321 440 466 438 414 370 405 297 491 311 218 300 258 60 325 211 217 6,344 54,849

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 6,196 6,723 6,424 3,654 4,788 5,088 3,497 5,326 5,451 2,721 3,782 4,157 2,386 3,325 4,207 2,916 3,014 3,131 2,276 3,371 3,645 981 2,225 2,418 1,300 1,745 2,080 1,432 1,377 1,718 1,527 1,356 1,582 1,352 1,260 1,869 1,131 1,358 1,519 963 1,482 1,237 1,236 993 1,123 1,058 1,045 1,070 1,112 1,144 877 949 1,080 1,058 921 895 903 1,126 1,121 604 714 879 907 619 921 900 736 837 646 467 987 809 412 579 637 395 457 440 337 418 498 385 458 399 446 410 394 297 367 449 317 426 339 297 234 325 245 357 364 304 364 370 294 291 341 257 281 299 217 379 435 315 177 220 232 267 277 256 252 259 6,700 7,085 6,954 52,976 63,836 66,423

Change (%) Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 27,607 -25% 9% -4% 18,183 -21% 31% 6% 17,093 24% 52% 2% 13,497 -4% 39% 10% 12,633 -12% 39% 27% 12,007 -1% 3% 4% 11,280 14% 48% 8% 6,974 -27% 127% 9% 6,734 -19% 34% 19% 6,299 -19% -4% 25% 6,040 -3% -11% 17% 5,665 14% -7% 48% 4,849 34% 20% 12% 4,646 0% 54% -17% 4,281 33% -20% 13% 4,220 1% -1% 2% 4,162 8% 3% -23% 3,961 9% 14% -2% 3,672 -3% -3% 1% 3,415 100% 0% -46% 3,209 1% 23% 3% 3,133 -11% 49% -2% 2,867 14% 14% -23% 2,584 45% 111% -18% 2,068 -6% 41% 10% 1,758 -15% 16% -4% 1,691 -23% 24% 19% 1,656 -7% 19% -13% 1,620 21% -8% -4% 1,518 -27% 24% 22% 1,379 7% 34% -20% 1,347 -40% -21% 39% 1,277 -21% 46% 2% 1,256 39% 20% 2% 1,226 -2% -1% 17% 1,095 0% 9% 6% 1,091 262% 75% 15% 1,037 -3% -44% 24% 987 10% 15% 4% 984 18% -2% 3% 27,083 6% 6% -2% 238,084 -3% 20% 4%

Q1 15.1 8.5 5.1 5.2 4.9 5.4 3.6 2.5 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.2 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 11.6 100.0

* Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

26

Share (%) Q2 Q3 11.7 10.5 6.9 7.5 6.6 8.3 5.1 5.9 4.5 5.2 5.5 4.7 4.3 5.3 1.9 3.5 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.2 2.9 2.1 2.6 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.3 2.3 1.6 2.0 1.6 2.1 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.4 2.1 1.8 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.3 0.9 1.5 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 12.6 11.1 100.0 100.0

Q4 9.7 7.7 8.2 6.3 6.3 4.7 5.5 3.6 3.1 2.6 2.4 2.8 2.3 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.4 0.9 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 10.5 100.0

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 14. Origin of asylum applicants in Canada and the United States of America, 2007

Origin China Mexico Haiti Colombia El Salvador Guatemala United States* Ethiopia India Honduras Indonesia Iraq Sri Lanka Russian Federation Nigeria Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) Pakistan Cameroon Guinea Nepal Cuba Albania Islamic Rep. of Iran Ukraine Eritrea Somalia Dem. Rep. of the Congo Egypt Serbia** Zimbabwe Brazil C么te d'Ivoire Afghanistan Lebanon Peru Nicaragua Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Mali Burundi Armenia Other Total

Q1 2,688 2,108 1,295 785 1,001 721 256 351 329 337 285 257 273 214 223 213 206 186 166 160 160 119 127 115 105 121 99 98 100 88 117 104 106 107 72 84 97 81 81 100 2,571 16,706

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 2,506 2,151 2,645 2,316 2,558 2,562 1,265 1,632 1,765 717 936 1,352 931 729 844 730 426 556 227 568 773 317 313 345 286 294 361 308 237 309 263 232 315 265 252 254 229 229 279 340 194 238 188 244 283 193 226 257 179 155 234 159 167 178 164 169 169 146 147 193 140 126 190 106 136 198 112 133 155 122 112 113 105 126 120 88 103 133 95 110 131 121 107 103 109 86 130 92 115 127 183 46 75 94 113 86 83 93 89 86 100 78 118 62 101 96 79 87 61 81 107 95 98 71 58 98 97 93 64 66 2,417 2,200 2,662 16,203 16,047 18,831

Change (%) Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 9,990 -7% -14% 23% 9,544 10% 10% 0% 5,957 -2% 29% 8% 3,790 -9% 31% 44% 3,505 -7% -22% 16% 2,433 1% -42% 31% 1,824 -11% 150% 36% 1,326 -10% -1% 10% 1,270 -13% 3% 23% 1,191 -9% -23% 30% 1,095 -8% -12% 36% 1,028 3% -5% 1% 1,010 -16% 0% 22% 986 59% -43% 23% 938 -16% 30% 16% 889 -9% 17% 14% 774 -13% -13% 51% 690 -15% 5% 7% 668 -1% 3% 0% 646 -9% 1% 31% 616 -13% -10% 51% 559 -11% 28% 46% 527 -12% 19% 17% 462 6% -8% 1% 456 0% 20% -5% 445 -27% 17% 29% 435 -4% 16% 19% 429 23% -12% -4% 425 9% -21% 51% 422 5% 25% 10% 421 56% -75% 63% 397 -10% 20% -24% 371 -22% 12% -4% 371 -20% 16% -22% 353 64% -47% 63% 346 14% -18% 10% 346 -37% 33% 32% 345 17% 3% -28% 334 -28% 69% -1% 323 -7% -31% 3% 9,850 -6% -9% 21% 67,787 -3% -1% 17%

Q1 16.1 12.6 7.8 4.7 6.0 4.3 1.5 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 15.4 100.0

* Refers to applications lodged in Canada. ** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

27

Share (%) Q2 Q3 15.5 13.4 14.3 15.9 7.8 10.2 4.4 5.8 5.7 4.5 4.5 2.7 1.4 3.5 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 2.1 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 14.9 13.7 100.0 100.0

Q4 14.0 13.6 9.4 7.2 4.5 3.0 4.1 1.8 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 14.1 100.0

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 15. Origin of asylum applicants in Canada and the United States of America, 2008

Origin Mexico China Haiti Colombia El Salvador United States* Guatemala Ethiopia India Sri Lanka Honduras Iraq Nepal Russian Federation Nigeria Pakistan Czech Rep. Venezuela (Boliv. Rep. of) Cameroon Somalia Indonesia Kenya Zimbabwe Islamic Rep. of Iran Eritrea Cuba Albania Dem. Rep. of the Congo Guinea Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Afghanistan Egypt Ukraine Jamaica Serbia** Myanmar Peru Burundi Armenia Brazil Other Total

Q1 2,513 2,828 1,584 951 779 563 513 342 342 356 337 283 179 216 249 221 171 228 183 174 233 200 148 176 142 161 200 153 142 112 97 108 126 91 120 96 67 79 75 77 5,150 18,252

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 2,696 3,557 3,386 2,956 2,933 2,751 1,689 1,684 1,219 980 972 960 923 773 732 593 691 461 561 583 471 365 381 409 361 365 338 317 344 356 321 327 360 298 305 259 218 242 340 318 228 209 195 252 226 195 203 216 192 164 298 228 180 158 202 212 193 172 222 184 197 190 117 178 159 155 144 203 117 114 177 141 135 153 171 132 132 141 123 105 134 111 141 123 110 136 126 131 145 94 106 148 130 132 101 132 94 109 88 104 94 119 102 81 86 79 96 84 97 101 84 57 112 81 74 96 81 92 75 79 5,527 6,402 6,158 18,923 20,017 18,581

Change (%) Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 12,152 7% 32% -5% 11,468 5% -1% -6% 6,176 7% 0% -28% 3,863 3% -1% -1% 3,207 18% -16% -5% 2,308 5% 17% -33% 2,128 9% 4% -19% 1,497 7% 4% 7% 1,406 6% 1% -7% 1,373 -11% 9% 3% 1,345 -5% 2% 10% 1,145 5% 2% -15% 979 22% 11% 40% 971 47% -28% -8% 922 -22% 29% -10% 835 -12% 4% 6% 825 12% -15% 82% 794 0% -21% -12% 790 10% 5% -9% 752 -1% 29% -17% 737 -15% -4% -38% 692 -11% -11% -3% 612 -3% 41% -42% 608 -35% 55% -20% 601 -5% 13% 12% 566 -18% 0% 7% 562 -39% -15% 28% 528 -27% 27% -13% 514 -23% 24% -7% 482 17% 11% -35% 481 9% 40% -12% 473 22% -23% 31% 417 -25% 16% -19% 408 14% -10% 27% 389 -15% -21% 6% 355 -18% 22% -13% 349 45% 4% -17% 329 -28% 96% -28% 326 -1% 30% -16% 323 19% -18% 5% 23,237 7% 16% -4% 75,773 4% 6% -7%

Q1 13.8 15.5 8.7 5.2 4.3 3.1 2.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.1 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 28.2 100.0

* Refers to applications lodged in Canada. ** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro.

28

Share (%) Q2 Q3 14.2 17.8 15.6 14.7 8.9 8.4 5.2 4.9 4.9 3.9 3.1 3.5 3.0 2.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 29.2 32.0 100.0 100.0

Q4 18.2 14.8 6.6 5.2 3.9 2.5 2.5 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.8 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 33.1 100.0

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 16. Origin of asylum applicants in Australia and New Zealand, 2007 An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Origin China Sri Lanka India Iraq Indonesia Pakistan Malaysia Islamic Rep. of Iran Zimbabwe Bangladesh Rep. of Korea Fiji Lebanon Myanmar Nepal Egypt Turkey Viet Nam Ethiopia Philippines Other Total

Q1 268 118 67 59 48 26 26 24 21 19 11 38 23 15 14 16 9 5 * 16 152 979

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 265 327 379 123 133 96 203 45 41 33 97 57 42 37 56 37 54 36 30 44 44 27 32 28 24 28 29 23 29 13 21 26 23 22 9 11 10 17 25 14 6 24 9 11 15 6 10 11 11 7 14 7 15 8 5 19 6 7 9 * 168 127 153 1,087 1,082 1,071

Change (%) Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 1,239 -1% 23% 16% 470 4% 8% -28% 356 203% -78% -9% 246 -44% 194% -41% 183 -13% -12% 51% 153 42% 46% -33% 144 15% 47% 0% 111 13% 19% -13% 102 14% 17% 4% 84 21% 26% -55% 81 91% 24% -12% 80 -42% -59% 22% 75 -57% 70% 47% 59 -7% -57% 300% 49 -36% 22% 36% 43 -63% 67% 10% 41 22% -36% 100% 35 40% 114% -47% 34 25% 280% -68% 34 -56% 29% -78% 600 11% -24% 20% 4,219 11% 0% -1%

Q1 27.4 12.1 6.8 6.0 4.9 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.1 3.9 2.3 1.5 1.4 1.6 0.9 0.5 0.4 1.6 15.5 100.0

Share (%) Q2 Q3 24.4 30.2 11.3 12.3 18.7 4.2 3.0 9.0 3.9 3.4 3.4 5.0 2.8 4.1 2.5 3.0 2.2 2.6 2.1 2.7 1.9 2.4 2.0 0.8 0.9 1.6 1.3 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.6 1.4 0.5 1.8 0.6 0.8 15.5 11.7 100.0 100.0

Q4 35.4 9.0 3.8 5.3 5.2 3.4 4.1 2.6 2.7 1.2 2.1 1.0 2.3 2.2 1.4 1.0 1.3 0.7 0.6 0.2 14.3 100.0

Q1 26.8 10.2 3.8 4.9 7.7 4.5 4.0 5.6 3.4 2.3 1.7 2.8 1.6 1.7 1.9 1.3 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.7 13.5 100.0

Share (%) Q2 Q3 26.3 24.0 9.0 7.2 7.3 10.4 7.8 3.9 4.4 3.6 4.5 4.2 5.3 5.5 3.3 4.5 3.8 3.2 2.3 3.9 2.5 3.3 1.8 1.7 1.8 3.2 2.1 1.6 1.1 1.3 0.7 1.8 1.2 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.5 1.1 12.0 12.9 100.0 100.0

Q4 23.7 9.7 7.8 3.2 4.1 4.9 2.9 4.4 4.6 2.3 2.7 1.9 1.0 1.9 2.7 0.4 1.8 1.0 1.3 0.7 17.1 100.0

Table 17. Origin of asylum applicants in Australia and New Zealand, 2008 An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Origin China Sri Lanka India Malaysia Indonesia Iraq Pakistan Zimbabwe Islamic Rep. of Iran Bangladesh Rep. of Korea Myanmar Egypt Lebanon Fiji Kenya Afghanistan Viet Nam Ethiopia Nepal Other Total

Q1 271 103 38 50 78 46 41 57 34 23 17 28 16 17 19 13 * 10 5 7 137 1,013

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 287 371 321 98 111 131 80 161 106 85 60 44 48 55 56 49 65 66 58 85 39 36 70 59 41 49 62 25 61 31 27 51 36 20 27 26 20 50 14 23 24 26 12 20 36 8 28 6 13 13 25 13 16 13 11 11 17 5 17 10 131 200 232 1,090 1,545 1,356

29

Change (%) Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 1,250 6% 29% -13% 443 -5% 13% 18% 385 111% 101% -34% 239 70% -29% -27% 237 -38% 15% 2% 226 7% 33% 2% 223 41% 47% -54% 222 -37% 94% -16% 186 21% 20% 27% 140 9% 144% -49% 131 59% 89% -29% 101 -29% 35% -4% 100 25% 150% -72% 90 35% 4% 8% 87 -37% 67% 80% 55 -38% 250% -79% 54 333% 0% 92% 52 30% 23% -19% 44 120% 0% 55% 39 -29% 240% -41% 700 -4% 53% 16% 5,004 8% 42% -12%

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 18. Origin of asylum applicants in Japan and the Republic of Korea, 2007 An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Origin Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka Nigeria Turkey Ghana Uganda China Bangladesh Ethiopia Pakistan Islamic Rep. of Iran Dem. Rep. of the Congo Liberia Cameroon Afghanistan C么te d'Ivoire South Africa Russian Federation Iraq Other Total

Q1 105 107 11 17 18 8 13 6 * 6 * 5 * * * 5 * 14 330

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 126 130 161 98 29 45 30 24 45 24 35 30 14 17 27 6 63 9 5 32 7 7 19 * 14 14 6 7 16 9 * 13 * 9 5 * * 7 * * 12 6 * * * 6 * 6 * * * 6 * * * 8 11 16 360 323 520

Change (%) Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 522 20% 3% 24% 279 -8% -70% 55% 110 173% -20% 88% 106 41% 46% -14% 76 -22% 21% 59% 69 .. .. 950% 54 13% -44% 540% 46 -46% 0% 171% 38 -33% 250% 0% 33 50% 17% 129% 31 50% -67% 333% 22 0% 125% -44% 20 -20% 0% 75% 18 ..

0% 300% 14 500% -50% 33% 13 33% 50% -100% 9 -100% .. 200% 9 -80% 100% -50% 8 .. .. -67% 7 50% -100% ..

49 -43% 38% 45% 1,533 9% -10% 61%

Q1 31.8 32.4 3.3 5.2 5.5 2.4 3.9 1.8 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.5 0.3 0.9 0.3 1.5 0.6 4.2 100.0

Share (%) Q2 Q3 35.0 40.2 27.2 9.0 8.3 7.4 6.7 10.8 3.9 5.3 1.9 2.5 1.5 1.9 2.2 1.1 4.3 1.7 2.2 2.5 0.9 1.1 2.8 1.1 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.7 0.9 1.1 1.9 0.6 0.3 0.6 1.9 0.8 2.2 3.4 100.0 100.0

Q4 31.0 8.7 8.7 5.8 5.2 12.1 6.2 3.7 2.7 3.1 2.5 1.0 1.3 2.3 0.8 1.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 3.1 100.0

Q1 46.5 7.1 8.8 3.2 2.2 3.9 2.9 3.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 5.9 2.4 1.2 2.0 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.5 3.7 100.0

Share (%) Q2 Q3 50.7 57.2 7.1 7.2 8.1 8.6 1.4 6.3 6.5 1.4 4.8 1.2 1.8 2.3 1.6 2.7 1.2 1.8 1.4 1.2 2.3 1.0 0.7 0.2 2.3 1.6 2.1 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.5 1.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.2 4.8 3.1 100.0 100.0

Q4 51.1 10.6 6.4 5.5 3.1 2.3 2.6 1.5 2.6 3.0 2.1 0.8 0.7 1.2 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.0 100.0

Table 19. Origin of asylum applicants in Japan and the Republic of Korea, 2008 An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Origin Myanmar Sri Lanka Turkey Pakistan Bangladesh Ethiopia China Islamic Rep. of Iran Nigeria Uganda Cameroon Ghana Nepal Dem. Rep. of the Congo Liberia India Peru Colombia Iraq C么te d'Ivoire Other Total

Q1 190 29 36 13 9 16 12 15 7 7 6 24 10 5 8 * * * * 15 409

No. of applications Q2 Q3 Q4 220 293 309 31 37 64 35 44 39 6 32 33 28 7 19 21 6 14 8 12 16 7 14 9 5 9 16 6 6 18 10 5 13 * * 5 10 8 * 9 * 7 5 6 5 * 6 8 * * 5 * * * * * * * * * 21 16 18 434 512 605

30

Change (%) Total Q2-Q1 Q3-Q2 Q4-Q3 1,012 16% 33% 5% 161 7% 19% 73% 154 -3% 26% -11% 84 -54% 433% 3% 63 211% -75% 171% 57 31% -71% 133% 48 -33% 50% 33% 45 -53% 100% -36% 37 -29% 80% 78% 37 -14% 0% 200% 34 67% -50% 160% 33 -88% -67% 400% 32 0% -20% -50% 25 80% -56% 75% 24 -38% 20% -17% 17 100% 200% 33% 8 .. 100% 150% 7 -33% -50% 0% 6 100% 0% -50% 6 0% -50% 0% 70 40% -24% 13% 1,960 6% 18% 18%

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 20. Asylum applications lodged in 44 industrialized countries by origin, fourth quarter 2008 Covering all 44 asylum countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. Top-20 ranking of countries based on applications lodged in all countries. An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Origin Iraq Somalia Afghanistan Russian Federation Serbia*** Eritrea Nigeria China Pakistan Mexico Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Bangladesh Georgia Haiti Zimbabwe Dem. Rep. of the Congo Colombia Armenia

Origin Iraq Somalia Afghanistan Russian Federation Serbia*** Eritrea Nigeria China Pakistan Mexico Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Bangladesh Georgia Haiti Zimbabwe Dem. Rep. of the Congo Colombia Armenia

Origin Iraq Somalia Afghanistan Russian Federation Serbia*** Eritrea Nigeria China Pakistan Mexico Islamic Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka Turkey Bangladesh Georgia Haiti Zimbabwe Dem. Rep. of the Congo Colombia Armenia

Albania

Australia

Austria

Belgium

-

64 * 25 5 * 12 313 39 54 127 10 26 58 * 8 -

148 75 460 1,041 563 * 132 72 46 90 * 127 12 172 5 11 91

320 52 278 412 359 9 15 61 50 170 45 67 29 58 148 * 106

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

167 38 665 35 * 9 209 13 1,679 76 22 11 611 629 7 20

25 68 30 * 782 15 20 6 * 29 40 * -

* * 5 * * * -

53 34 15 * * 21 254 78 66 13 * 17 41 35 33 -

Poland

Portugal

Rep. of Korea

Romania

13 12 18 22 6 * -

17 * * * 6 17 74 * 19 162 11 * *

45 * 1,988 7 8 * 6 * * 14 * 9

* 0 * 6 8 -

Ireland

Bosnia and H.

16 -

Italy

Bulgaria

Canada

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Rep.

Denmark**

Estonia

82 13 * 5 * * * 10

66 118 117 70 29 59 193 356 103 2,830 73 273 73 19 24 864 63 100 782 8

6 18 * 7 * -

79 6 * 19 24 41 55 49 31 20 37 * -

12 8 9 6 15 9 * * * 12 6 9

125 21 174 44 55 8 14 * 6 85 12 17 5 15 * * *

* * * -

616 711 107 38 38 * 23 * 41 13 29 * * 10 5

360 36 97 947 1,120 55 157 324 118 65 624 681 462 175 296 * 635 44 604

1,519 42 252 170 313 77 122 82 100 262 105 299 6 100 16 49 * 42

Montenegro

Netherlands

New Zealand

Norway

1,077 1,221 190 32 9 98 21 47 13 165 57 17 * 17 12 10 65

* * * 8 8 * 5 * * -

1,028 414 488 258 88 493 171 30 21 224 82 20 * 6 5 34 * 12

Japan

220 1,566 453 * 247 1,091 2,032 9 328 25 41 238 385 20 15 20 14 -

Serbia

* 5 *

Latvia

* * * 15 9 42 39 13 * 5 * -

8 * 13 -

Slovakia

Slovenia

5 36 19 * * 7 27 * 11 * 8 40 7

7 16 * * * 26 -

Liechtenstein Lithuania

* * -

Spain

* 84 8 22 24 245 * 19 6 23 5 * 7 24 11 17 129 12

Luxembourg

* 59 * * * 5 6 * * * -

15 * * * 31 * 7 * -

* 288 24 46 * * -

-

Sweden

Switzerland

TfYR Macedonia

Turkey

1,030 892 271 237 637 270 67 23 21 265 11 64 23 72 * * 12 * 70

491 1,085 119 73 386 1,409 380 102 18 109 443 134 16 173 9 64 10 19

* -

2,125 149 1,167 10 * 15 * 552 7 * 13 *

** Asylum claims in Denmark exclude Iraqi interpreters who have worked for the Danish Forces in Iraq. *** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro. **** Combination of number of persons (EOIR) and cases (DHS).

31

Malta

Finland

United Kingdom

500 315 1,075 15 20 730 235 320 525 725 570 45 110 20 1,145 95 5 5

France

United States****

193 66 13 139 57 112 33 2,395 113 556 68 83 14 29 30 355 54 23 178 73

Germany

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 21. Top-10 nationalities of asylum applicants by country of asylum, 2007 Covering 43 industrialized countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR and Italy which is based on annual data.

An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Albania Australia Austria Belgium Serbia 10 China 1,213 Russian Fed. 2,676 Russian Fed. 1,436 Nepal 9 Sri Lanka 445 Serbia 1,760 Serbia** 1,219 Czech Rep. * India 349 Afghanistan 761 Iraq 825 Nigeria * Iraq 216 Turkey 659 DR of Congo 716 India * Indonesia 183 Rep. of Moldova 545 Afghanistan 696 Afghanistan * Pakistan 145 Iraq 472 Guinea 526 Malaysia 137 Somalia 467 Islam. Rep. of Iran 411 Zimbabwe 94 Armenia 405 Slovakia 364 Islam. Rep. of Iran 84 Georgia 400 Armenia 339 Rep. of Korea 80 Nigeria 394 Rwanda 321

Bosnia and H. Serbia China Sri Lanka Islam. Rep. of Iran Pakistan Montenegro Syrian Arab Rep. Bangladesh TfYR Macedonia Brazil

555 * * * * * * * * *

Bulgaria Iraq Stateless Afghanistan Armenia Islam. Rep. of Iran Nigeria Bangladesh Syrian Arab Rep. Turkey Sudan

533 80 77 64 33 18 17 15 13 13

293 213 159 130 100 99 94 69 65 63

Denmark*** Iraq Afghanistan Russian Fed. Islam. Rep. of Iran Serbia** Syrian Arab Rep. India Occ. Palest. Terr.

Sri Lanka China

700 144 115 109 92 74 56 53 42 41

Greece Pakistan Iraq Bangladesh Georgia Afghanistan Syrian Arab Rep. Nigeria Islam. Rep. of Iran India Senegal

9,144 5,474 2,965 1,559 1,556 1,311 390 354 261 219

Japan Myanmar Turkey Sri Lanka Ethiopia Pakistan Islam. Rep. of Iran China Bangladesh Afghanistan Cameroon

500 76 43 29 27 19 17 14 12 12

Malta Somalia Eritrea C么te d'Ivoire Sudan Ethiopia Mali Nigeria Niger Ghana DR of Congo

585 339 77 76 73 46 38 25 15 14

Canada Mexico Haiti Colombia United States China Sri Lanka Nigeria India DR of Congo Pakistan

7,057 3,231 2,577 1,824 1,353 793 755 641 351 349

Estonia Belarus Russian Fed. Sri Lanka

5 * *

Hungary Viet Nam Serbia China Montenegro Iraq Georgia Somalia Nigeria Mongolia Turkey

862 723 417 188 136 131 99 86 79 56

Latvia Bangladesh Armenia Azerbaijan Russian Fed. Iraq Kenya Mongolia Cuba Turkey Nigeria

6 * * * * * * * * *

Montenegro Albania TfYR Macedonia

* *

Croatia Serbia Pakistan Islam. Rep. of Iran Albania TfYR Macedonia Bosnia and H. Iraq Georgia Russian Fed. Sri Lanka

86 15 15 13 10 9 6 6 * *

Cyprus Syrian Arab Rep. Occ. Palest. Terr.

Sri Lanka Islam. Rep. of Iran Georgia Pakistan India Bangladesh China Iraq

1,752 1,018 661 475 352 339 294 264 214 200

Czech Rep. Ukraine Turkey Mongolia Belarus Viet Nam Russian Fed. Cuba Nigeria Stateless Kyrgyzstan

Finland Iraq Russian Fed. Serbia** Somalia Islam. Rep. of Iran Turkey Afghanistan Belarus Nigeria DR of Congo

307 172 142 81 78 74 70 47 41 35

France Russian Fed. Serbia** Turkey Sri Lanka DR of Congo Armenia China Algeria Bangladesh Guinea

3,222 3,063 2,223 2,130 2,126 1,924 1,288 965 959 946

Germany Iraq Serbia** Turkey Viet Nam Russian Fed. Islam. Rep. of Iran Syrian Arab Rep. Lebanon Nigeria India

Iceland Russian Fed. Syrian Arab Rep. Albania Belarus Sri Lanka Lebanon Malaysia Serbia China Iraq

5 5 5 * * * * * * *

Ireland Nigeria Iraq China Pakistan Georgia Sudan DR of Congo Somalia Rep. of Moldova Eritrea

1,028 285 259 185 174 157 149 144 133 113

Italy (annual data) Eritrea 2,260 Nigeria 1,336 Serbia 1,113 C么te d'Ivoire 982 Somalia 757 Ghana 673 Afghanistan 663 Ethiopia 399 Turkey 394 Sudan 383

Liechtenstein Russian Fed. Iraq DR of Congo Serbia Georgia Somalia Israel Poland Occ. Palest. Terr.

Islam. Rep. of Iran

6 * * * * * * * * *

Lithuania Russian Fed. Georgia Belarus Viet Nam Armenia Morocco Uzbekistan China Cuba Kazakhstan

53 13 7 6 5 * * * * *

Luxembourg Serbia Bosnia and H. Islam. Rep. of Iran Albania Montenegro Iraq Russian Fed. Algeria Belarus Guinea

New Zealand Iraq Islam. Rep. of Iran China Sri Lanka Bangladesh Fiji Pakistan Zimbabwe Hungary India

30 27 26 25 18 10 8 8 8 7

Norway Iraq Russian Fed. Eritrea Serbia Stateless Ethiopia Sri Lanka Afghanistan Islam. Rep. of Iran Somalia

Netherlands Iraq 2,004 Somalia 1,874 China 243 Islam. Rep. of Iran 187 Nigeria 179 Eritrea 153 Afghanistan 143 Sierra Leone 130 Burundi 129 C么te d'Ivoire 110

** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro. *** Asylum claims in Denmark exclude Iraqi interpreters who have worked for the Danish Forces in Iraq.

32

4,171 1,871 1,368 991 752 616 604 580 439 412

225 24 16 16 15 14 13 11 8 8

1,227 863 789 585 515 241 238 234 222 187

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 21. Top-10 nationalities of asylum applicants by country of asylum, 2007 (continued) Covering 43 industrialized countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR and Italy which is based on annual data.

An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Poland Russian Fed. Belarus Sri Lanka Viet Nam India Pakistan Iraq Ukraine Bangladesh Nigeria

6,536 63 62 44 41 31 29 29 23 22

Portugal Colombia Guinea Bosnia and H. Somalia DR of Congo Afghanistan Russian Fed. Sri Lanka India Algeria

86 16 16 15 11 7 6 6 5 5

650 619 307 208 134 132 108 96 66 58

Slovenia Serbia Turkey Bosnia and H. Albania TfYR Macedonia Afghanistan Pakistan Russian Fed. India Iraq

234 39 22 21 20 12 11 9 * *

Turkey Iraq Islam. Rep. of Iran Somalia Afghanistan Occ. Palest. Terr.

DR of Congo Sudan Ethiopia Sri Lanka Eritrea

3,471 1,687 1,124 705 157 76 76 54 50 45

Slovakia Pakistan India Russian Fed. Rep. of Moldova Georgia Iraq Bangladesh China Afghanistan Viet Nam TfYR Macedonia Serbia India Iraq DR of Congo Bulgaria Occ. Palest. Terr.

22 5 * * * *

Rep. of Korea Nepal Nigeria Ghana Sri Lanka Uganda China Bangladesh Myanmar Liberia DR of Congo Spain Colombia Iraq Nigeria C么te d'Ivoire Morocco Algeria India Somalia DR of Congo Sudan

275 100 68 67 50 29 24 22 15 10

Romania Iraq Serbia Turkey Somalia China Rep. of Moldova India Syrian Arab Rep. Bangladesh Occ. Palest. Terr.

243 183 40 28 26 16 15 10 9 9

2,437 1,564 674 313 258 243 177 152 131 88

Sweden Iraq Somalia Serbia** Stateless Eritrea Russian Fed. Afghanistan Bolivia Lebanon Mongolia

18,559 3,349 2,500 1,312 878 788 609 567 523 519

United Kingdom Afghanistan 2,815 Islam. Rep. of Iran 2,510 Zimbabwe 2,300 China 2,185 Iraq 2,075 Somalia 1,960 Eritrea 1,905 Pakistan 1,765 Sri Lanka 1,250 Nigeria 905

United States**** China 8,637 El Salvador 3,168 Haiti 2,726 Mexico 2,487 Guatemala 2,221 Colombia 1,213 Ethiopia 1,146 Indonesia 1,034 Honduras 950 Venezuela (Bol. Rep. of) 745

** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro. **** Combination of cases (DHS) and persons (EOIR).

33

Serbia (excl. Kosovo) Iraq 35 Georgia 9 Ethiopia 6 TfYR Macedonia 5 Pakistan * Cuba * Islam. Rep. of Iran * Tunisia * Senegal *

Switzerland Eritrea Serbia Iraq Sri Lanka Turkey Romania Somalia Nigeria Afghanistan Syrian Arab Rep.

1,661 1,030 956 636 616 539 464 327 322 301

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 22. Top-10 nationalities of asylum applicants by country of asylum, 2008 Covering 44 industrialized countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Albania Australia Austria Serbia 5 China 1,226 Russian Fed. Sri Lanka * Sri Lanka 417 Serbia India 371 Afghanistan Indonesia 236 Nigeria Malaysia 231 Georgia Pakistan 220 Iraq Zimbabwe 214 Turkey Iraq 193 Somalia Islam. Rep. of Iran 158 Armenia Bangladesh 131 India Bulgaria Iraq Armenia Stateless Afghanistan Syrian Arab Rep. Islam. Rep. of Iran Nigeria Sri Lanka Somalia China

350 70 67 55 20 19 18 17 14 10

Denmark*** Iraq Afghanistan Islam. Rep. of Iran Russian Fed. Serbia Syrian Arab Rep. Occ. Palest. Terr.

Somalia Sri Lanka Turkey

543 418 196 183 118 105 91 58 53 39

Greece Pakistan Afghanistan Georgia Bangladesh Iraq Syrian Arab Rep. Nigeria Senegal Islam. Rep. of Iran India

6,914 2,287 2,241 1,778 1,760 808 746 386 312 227

Japan Myanmar Turkey Sri Lanka Ethiopia Islam. Rep. of Iran Pakistan Bangladesh Cameroon Nepal China

979 154 90 51 38 37 33 29 20 18

Malta Somalia C么te d'Ivoire Nigeria Mali Eritrea Ghana Ethiopia Niger Togo Gambia

1,081 264 223 208 176 111 97 94 71 44

Canada Mexico Haiti Colombia United States China Sri Lanka Czech Rep. Nigeria India El Salvador

9,413 4,247 3,069 2,308 1,476 1,000 818 765 674 603

Estonia Belarus Russian Fed. Georgia Iraq Turkey Nigeria Ukraine Senegal

* * * * * * * *

Hungary Serbia Pakistan Somalia Georgia Iraq Afghanistan Turkey Nigeria China Egypt

1,593 246 185 165 125 116 70 56 55 50

Latvia Georgia Afghanistan Russian Fed. Syrian Arab Rep. Sri Lanka Bangladesh Cuba Turkey Pakistan Cameroon Montenegro Albania Georgia Belarus Serbia Afghanistan

17 10 5 * * * * * * *

* * * * *

3,436 1,702 1,365 535 514 494 418 392 361 355

Belgium Russian Fed. Iraq Serbia Afghanistan Guinea Islam. Rep. of Iran DR of Congo Armenia Cameroon Turkey

1,615 1,070 1,050 879 661 614 579 461 367 284

Croatia Serbia Pakistan Turkey Bosnia and H. Sri Lanka Russian Fed. Czech Rep. Islam. Rep. of Iran Tajikistan TfYR Macedonia

62 16 10 9 8 8 7 7 5 *

Cyprus Syrian Arab Rep. Sri Lanka Occ. Palest. Terr.

India Pakistan Islam. Rep. of Iran Egypt Bangladesh Iraq Georgia

963 408 391 232 221 213 211 178 170 122

Finland Iraq Somalia Afghanistan Russian Fed. Serbia** Islam. Rep. of Iran Bulgaria Nigeria Belarus Turkey

1,253 1,176 249 208 161 143 82 76 68 65

France Russian Fed. Serbia Mali DR of Congo Sri Lanka Turkey Armenia Guinea Bangladesh Comoros

3,579 3,129 2,664 2,485 2,304 2,196 2,081 1,256 1,242 1,086

Germany Iraq Serbia Turkey Viet Nam Islam. Rep. of Iran Russian Fed. Syrian Arab Rep. Afghanistan Lebanon Nigeria

6,697 1,511 1,320 1,042 804 768 744 650 513 500

15 5 5 5 5 5 * * * *

Ireland Nigeria Pakistan Iraq Georgia China DR of Congo Rep. of Moldova Somalia Sudan Zimbabwe

1,008 237 203 180 180 172 142 141 126 114

Italy Nigeria Somalia Eritrea Afghanistan C么te d'Ivoire Ghana Bangladesh Pakistan Serbia Togo

5,333 4,473 2,739 2,005 1,844 1,674 1,322 920 851 829

Iceland Serbia Iraq Afghanistan Nigeria Albania Sri Lanka Georgia Russian Fed. Kenya Azerbaijan Liechtenstein Belarus Angola Russian Fed. Germany Turkey Serbia Czech Rep. Georgia Islam. Rep. of Iran Armenia

* * * * * * * * * *

Netherlands Iraq 5,027 Somalia 3,842 China 563 Afghanistan 395 Islam. Rep. of Iran 322 Eritrea 236 Sri Lanka 216 Armenia 208 Guinea 154 Sierra Leone 129

Lithuania Russian Fed. Belarus Cuba Georgia Sri Lanka Pakistan Uzbekistan Syrian Arab Rep. Turkey Cameroon New Zealand Iraq Islam. Rep. of Iran Sri Lanka China India Czech Rep. Bangladesh Zimbabwe Malaysia Nepal

138 12 8 7 6 6 6 5 * *

33 28 26 24 14 10 9 8 8 6

** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro. *** Asylum claims in Denmark exclude Iraqi interpreters who have worked for the Danish Forces in Iraq.

34

Bosnia and H. Serbia India TfYR Macedonia Occ. Palest. Terr.

Croatia Cameroon Turkey Pakistan Montenegro Poland

82 6 * * * * * * * *

Czech Rep. Ukraine Turkey Mongolia Viet Nam Belarus Russian Fed. Kazakhstan Syrian Arab Rep. Nigeria Kyrgyzstan

328 251 192 107 80 80 78 63 42 41

Luxembourg Serbia Bosnia and H. Iraq Islam. Rep. of Iran Albania Montenegro Russian Fed. Eritrea Somalia Cameroon Norway Iraq Eritrea Afghanistan Somalia Russian Fed. Stateless Islam. Rep. of Iran Serbia Nigeria Ethiopia

219 31 29 18 14 14 13 11 10 8

3,137 1,799 1,363 1,293 1,078 940 720 675 436 354

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008 Table 22. Top-10 nationalities of asylum applicants by country of asylum, 2008 (continued) Covering 44 industrialized countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. An asterisk (*) denotes between 1 and 4 applications.

Poland Russian Fed. Iraq Viet Nam Georgia Belarus Armenia Ukraine Uzbekistan China Nigeria

6,647 66 57 54 33 32 25 22 20 19

Portugal Sri Lanka Colombia DR of Congo Bosnia and H. Nigeria Guinea Senegal Georgia Congo Eritrea

27 24 17 10 8 8 7 5 5 5

Rep. of Korea Sri Lanka Pakistan Myanmar China Bangladesh Ghana Nigeria Uganda Liberia Nepal

112 110 107 95 90 75 45 44 42 41

Slovenia Turkey Serbia Bosnia and H. Islam. Rep. of Iran Afghanistan TfYR Macedonia Nigeria Albania Montenegro Pakistan

72 69 13 11 10 9 7 7 5 *

Spain Nigeria Colombia C么te d'Ivoire Somalia Algeria Cuba Morocco Sudan DR of Congo Syrian Arab Rep.

34 6 5 * * * * * * *

Turkey Iraq Afghanistan Islam. Rep. of Iran Somalia Sudan Eritrea Occ. Palest. Terr.

DR of Congo Sri Lanka Uzbekistan

6,904 2,642 2,116 647 156 76 74 72 42 35

Slovakia Georgia Rep. of Moldova Russian Fed. Pakistan India Afghanistan Iraq China Bangladesh Viet Nam TfYR Macedonia Serbia Afghanistan Albania Occ. Palest. Terr.

Somalia Iraq Nigeria Turkey Islam. Rep. of Iran Stateless

71 47 33 30 30 29 27 21 15 12

Romania Pakistan Bangladesh India Iraq Turkey China Georgia Cameroon Serbia Rep. of Moldova

252 172 141 133 79 53 43 25 25 15

801 753 498 195 151 119 119 112 103 97

Sweden Iraq Somalia Serbia Stateless Russian Fed. Eritrea Islam. Rep. of Iran Mongolia Afghanistan Uzbekistan

6,083 3,361 1,989 1,051 933 857 799 791 784 741

United Kingdom Zimbabwe 4,330 Afghanistan 3,730 Islam. Rep. of Iran 2,585 Eritrea 2,345 Iraq 2,030 Pakistan 2,010 Sri Lanka 1,840 Somalia 1,575 China 1,490 Nigeria 970

United States**** China 9,992 Mexico 2,739 El Salvador 2,604 Haiti 1,929 Guatemala 1,807 Ethiopia 1,260 Honduras 872 Iraq 835 Nepal 827 Colombia 794

** Figures may include citizens of Montenegro in the absence of separate statistics available for Serbia and Montenegro. **** Combination of cases (DHS) and persons (EOIR).

35

Serbia (excl. Kosovo) C么te d'Ivoire 19 Georgia 17 Iraq 12 Syrian Arab Rep. 5 Armenia 5 Nigeria * Ethiopia * Sierra Leone * Chad * Occ. Palest. Terr. * Switzerland Eritrea Somalia Iraq Serbia Sri Lanka Nigeria Turkey Georgia Afghanistan Islam. Rep. of Iran

2,849 2,014 1,440 1,301 1,262 988 519 481 405 393

Asylum Levels and Trends in Industrialized Countries, 2008

Table 23. Monthly asylum applications lodged in 44 industrialized countries, 2008 Covering 44 countries which provided monthly data to UNHCR. Asylum country Albania Australia Austria Belgium Bosnia and H. Bulgaria Canada Croatia Cyprus Czech Rep. Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Montenegro Netherlands New Zealand Norway Poland Portugal Rep. of Korea Romania Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland TfYR Macedonia Turkey United Kingdom United States EU-"Old" (15) EU-"New" (12) EU-Total (27) Nordic countries (5) Western Europe (19) Southern Europe (8) Total Europe (38) Canada/USA Australia/New Z. Japan/Rep. of Korea Total non-Europe (6) Total (44)

Jan. 304 1,113 1,097 1 86 2,986 20 254 212 237 2 165 2,557 2,397 1,686 241 6 329 1,532 89 2 4 11 44 218 908 22 865 359 7 59 42 5 45 17 372 3,195 1,048 2 666 2,705 4,165 18,344 1,489 19,833 4,468 20,267 4,735 22,450 7,151 326 148 7,625 30,075

Feb. 5 315 888 918 17 88 2,904 13 440 188 167 1 111 2,774 1,818 1,724 233 7 296 1,591 94 1 4 7 26 150 3 862 17 783 634 13 19 54 9 61 14 442 2,209 859 1 919 2,510 4,156 16,349 1,871 18,220 3,277 18,002 5,284 20,840 7,060 332 113 7,505 28,345

Mar. 323 812 926 34 62 2,521 5 423 182 129 119 2,518 1,545 1,506 227 2 299 1,843 126 1 2 15 29 110 886 32 830 510 11 24 93 11 66 11 336 1,645 879 4 625 2,490 4,092 15,094 1,700 16,794 2,725 16,807 4,854 19,186 6,613 355 150 7,118 26,304

Apr. 349 889 907 10 53 2,959 9 310 137 149 1 145 2,940 1,694 1,715 173 3 299 1,734 105 1 15 45 202 929 21 850 566 16 23 39 4 75 15 444 1,838 1,086 1 812 2,270 4,350 16,014 1,586 17,600 2,985 17,954 5,233 20,376 7,309 370 128 7,807 28,183

May 2 343 833 899 4 77 2,723 14 312 98 153 2 232 2,391 1,599 1,791 196 7 301 2,125 132 1 1 10 21 189 1 1,011 22 996 462 12 22 46 3 75 45 420 1,754 902 2 903 2,185 4,684 15,727 1,513 17,240 3,142 17,633 5,754 20,075 7,407 365 154 7,926 28,001

Jun. 335 815 971 2 51 2,742 7 274 114 146 259 2,844 1,672 1,743 148 9 329 2,256 128 4 4 8 33 232 1 1,169 20 1,069 479 34 25 84 97 12 347 1,629 1,171 3 914 2,385 4,118 16,632 1,503 18,135 3,112 18,885 5,800 21,315 6,860 355 153 7,368 28,683

Notes See notes Table 1.

36

Jul. 493 1,089 1,087 5 58 3,241 7 435 115 131 1 289 2,823 1,793 1,740 160 9 339 3,134 148 2 5 15 40 365 1,269 30 1,437 491 6 24 144 15 76 13 357 1,894 1,096 14 1,008 2,755 4,806 18,746 1,875 20,621 3,760 21,293 7,045 24,217 8,047 523 172 8,742 32,959

Aug. 569 1,163 1,000 1 37 3,339 10 220 113 209 418 2,587 1,659 1,421 240 6 333 3,413 128 8 1 19 55 270 2 1,289 11 1,699 586 20 31 86 16 79 10 290 1,938 1,607 6 1,250 2,385 3,759 18,180 1,668 19,848 4,270 21,493 6,884 24,446 7,098 580 159 7,837 32,283

Sep. 426 1,295 1,071 78 3,705 14 326 121 252 520 3,362 1,965 1,702 394 13 360 3,619 150 1 22 70 259 1,446 16 1,546 949 9 31 103 1 86 23 343 2,146 1,703 15 1,742 2,845 3,767 21,005 2,362 23,367 4,477 24,267 8,000 28,401 7,472 442 181 8,095 36,496

Oct. 427 1,412 1,190 12 67 3,716 31 232 176 252 1 650 3,833 1,954 1,648 445 9 357 3,301 162 20 1 26 35 189 1,438 21 1,455 711 15 24 117 9 120 23 433 2,193 2,116 3 1,749 2,815 4,183 21,526 2,127 23,653 4,559 25,107 7,567 29,038 7,899 448 186 8,533 37,571

Nov. 341 1,228 1,116 9 49 3,237 15 334 117 288 4 551 3,014 1,730 1,429 340 6 324 3,414 176 8 2 33 38 206 1,111 16 1,450 644 12 47 123 4 66 37 366 1,848 2,056 1 1,427 2,565 3,405 19,034 1,961 20,995 4,143 22,548 7,188 25,965 6,642 357 223 7,222 33,187

Change Dec. Nov-Dec ..

525 54% 1,272 4% 1,070 -4% 5 -44% 40 -18% 2,822 -13% 10 -33% 362 8% 117 0% 247 -14% 2 -50% 557 1% 3,521 17% 1,545 -11% 1,779 24% 321 -6% 1 -83% 299 -8% 3,202 -6% 161 -9% 3 -63% 1 -50% 35 6% 27 -29% 217 5% ..

1,081 -3% 26 63% 1,451 0% 812 26% 6 -50% 35 -26% 152 24% -100% 64 -3% 18 -51% 328 -10% 2,064 12% 2,083 1% 2 100% 966 -32% 2,635 3% 3,530 4% 19,633 3% 2,143 9% 21,776 4% 4,320 4% 23,169 3% 6,860 -5% 26,295 1% 6,352 -4% 551 54% 196 -12% 7,099 -2% 33,394 1%