Community Ch@ - November 2018

November 2018

Take action for

MEN’S HEALTH

Aviation History

Sugarcoating Lunchboxes Make Yourself A

PRIORITY www.featzpublishing.com

30th Issue

Editor’s Message Hello, November!

Is it possible that time slips by so quickly because we are so busy wishing for the next major event to happen? Shopping centres started whipping out the Christmas decorations halfway through October already! Is it just me, or should we slow down just a little bit?

November is here, my challenge to our readers this month, enjoy the month at hand rather than getting caught up in what’s to come! Take each day as it comes, there’s enough time in December to plan and enjoy the festive season. As for November, live in the moment, value each minute and cherish what’s precious to you.

To everyone writing exams this month, we are thinking of you, Good Luck!

Until next month, happy reading!

To advertise in the next issue: Contact Zelda Tel: 012 348 3486 Cell: 084 041 3058 Email: featzads@gmail.com www.featzpublishing.com Upcoming Deadlines for Advertisers & Contributers December Issue: 22 November 2018 January Issue: 10 December 2018

Published by Featz Publishing (Pty) Ltd and distributed via email. No responsibility is accepted by Featz Publishing (Pty) Ltd for claims, errors or omissions made in advertisements appearing in this issue. All our advertisers are accepted in good faith and we are not responsible for views expressed by contributors or other sources. Reproduction of the content of this magazine is not permitted without the prior consent of the publisher.

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What’s inside...

12 Take Action for Men’s Health 15 What is Open Burning 23 Aviation History Month 28 Make Yourself a Priority 30 Sugarcoating Kid’s Lunchboxes 35 Recipe 36 Take Control of Your Health 40 Grace - Part 33 48 November in Your Garden 60 Music History

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November was the ninth month of the ancient Roman calendar and has retained its name from the Latin novem, meaning “nine.” In Finland, they call November marraskuu, which translates as “the month of the dead.” It is one of four months with a length of 30 days on the Gregorian, or modern, calendar.

In the United States and Canada, November is also known as National Beard Month or No Shave Month (also known as “​No-Shave November”) as a way to raise cancer awareness. Australians have a similar month where they grow a mustache instead of a full beard.

Topaz, a semi-precious stone that symbolizes friendship, is found in many colors, but it is the orange-yellow version that is the traditional birthstone for November.

Citrine, which is actually a quartz crystal that ranges from yellow to orange in color, is considered another November birthstone. It is often mistaken for the orangeyellow topaz, which is the more expensive of the two stones.

The flower for the month of November is the chrysanthemum.

The word chrysanthemum comes from the Greek words chrys and anthemum, meaning golden flower. In the language of flowers, chrysanthemum is considered

to symbolize honesty, joy, and optimism.

Scorpio and Sagittarius are the astrological signs for November.

Birthdays from November 1st through the 21st fall under the Scorpio sign. November 22nd through November 30th birthdays fall under the sign of Sagittarius.

Some History •

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The Erie Canal was formally opened in New York on November 4, 1825.

The Suez Canal opened on November 17, 1869.

Abraham Lincoln gave his Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863.

The United States and Panama signed the treaty that provided for the Panama Canal on November 18, 1903.

The US and Canada celebrate the end of WWI every year on November 11, 1918.

After discovering debriscovered stairs, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his crew entered the fourroom Egyptian tomb of 18-yearold King Tutankhamen on November 26, 1922.

The first mechanically ventilated underwater tunnel in the world, the Holland

Tunnel, opened to traffic on November 13, 1927.

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Commander Richard E. Byrd and crew of three became first to fly over the South Pole, November 29, 1929.

Parker Brothers introduced the world to the Monopoly game on November 5, 1935.

On November 18, 1963, Bell Telephone Company introduced to the public the push button phone.

John F. Kennedy was assassinated on November 22, 1963.

The Reverend Jim Jones led over 900 of his followers to their death in a mass suicide, the largest in history, at Jonestown, Guyana, November 19. 1978.

On November 22, 1990, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher resigned after 11 years in office, the longest term of any British Prime Minister in the 20th century.

The apartheid system in South Africa finally came to an end on November 1, 1995, with the first all-race government elections.

DOBERMAN PINSCHER

T

he Doberman Pinscher was developed in Germany during the late 19th century, primarily as a guard dog. His exact ancestry is unknown, but he’s believed to be a mixture of many dog breeds, including the Rottweiler, Black and Tan Terrier, and German Pinscher.

With his sleek coat, athletic build, and characteristic cropped ears and docked tail, the Doberman Pinscher looks like an aristocrat. He is a highly energetic and intelligent dog, suited for police and military work, canine sports, and as a family guardian and companion.

Because the Doberman Pinscher (spelled Dobermann in some countries) came into existence at the end of the 19th century, he is, in the world of dogs, the new kid on the block. This hasn’t stopped the Dobie, as he is affectionately called, from becoming one of the most popular and recognized breeds in the United States.

His look is elegant and his style is athletic; the Dobie is also intelligent, alert, and loyal. He is a courageous guard dog as well as a beloved family companion.

The Dobie’s fierce reputation precedes him. He is feared by those who don’t know him, stereotyped as highly aggressive and vicious. True, he is a formidable guardian, but he is usually a gentle, watchful, and loving dog. He does not go looking for trouble, but he is fearless and will defend his family and turf if he

perceives danger.

The Doberman Pinscher enjoys being part of a family. He likes to be close to those he loves and, when this love is present, he is a natural protector.

He is trustworthy with his family’s children, friends, and guests as long as he is treated kindly.

In spite of his positive qualities, the Dobie isn’t the right breed for everyone. He’s large, at 27 to 36 kiligrams, and he’s extremely active, both physically and mentally.

He needs a lot of exercise.

He also needs plenty of mental challenges to keep him from becoming bored. He needs a strong owner/pack leader who can take time to properly socialize and train him, and who will keep him busy every day. This may be too much to handle for people who lead a more laid-back lifestyle.

The current look of the Dobie is slimmer and sleeker than that of past years. His temperament has also changed somewhat, say breed enthusiasts, softening a bit from his early days in Germany, though he is still an excellent guard dog.

Originally, Dobies’ ears were cropped to increase their ability to locate sounds, and tail docking gave the breed a more streamlined look.

North American breeders usually dock the tails and crop the ears of Doberman puppies, though it’s not mandatory. Docking and ear

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cropping is illegal in some countries.

Those who know him say that a wellbred and properly socialized Dobie is an excellent pet and companion, suitable for families with other dogs, gentle with young children, and overall a loyal and devoted family member.

A super-intelligent and super-active dog — that’s what you get when you get a Doberman Pinscher. You also get an extremely loyal, trustworthy dog who’s playful and fun-loving with his family. He’s a natural protector who won’t hesitate to act when he thinks his family is under threat, but he is not aggressive without reason.

The Dobie likes to be busy, physically and mentally. He learns quickly, and training him is easy. Because he learns so fast, it’s challenging to keep lessons fresh and interesting. He can have his own

ideas about things, though typically he’s not overly stubborn or wilful with an owner who provides consistent, kind leadership.

The Dobie takes a while to grow up. He remains puppyish until he is three to four years old.

Temperament is affected by a number of factors, including heredity, training, and socialization.

Puppies with nice temperaments are curious and playful, willing to approach people and be held by them. Choose the middle-of-the-road puppy, not the one who’s beating up his littermates or the one who’s hiding in the corner.

Always meet at least one of the parents — usually the mother is the one who’s available — to ensure that they have nice temperaments that you’re comfortable with. Meeting siblings or other relatives of the parents is also

helpful for evaluating what adequate shelter in winter a puppy will be like when (he likes to be in the house he grows up. next to the fireplace).

The Doberman Pinscher is a family dog and should not be left alone. He thrives when he is included in family activities.

Like every dog, the Dobie needs early socialization — exposure to many different people, sights, sounds, and experiences — when they’re young.

Socialization helps ensure that your Dobie puppy grows up to be a wellrounded dog.

Enrolling him in a puppy kindergarten class is a great start. Inviting visitors over regularly, and taking him to busy parks, stores that allow dogs, and on leisurely strolls to meet neighbours will also help him polish his social skills.

The Doberman has gained a reputation as being vicious. Even though your Doberman may have a sweet personality, neighbors and strangers may be afraid of him.

To get a healthy dog, never buy a puppy from an irresponsible breeder, puppy mill, or pet store. Look for a reputable breeder who tests her breeding dogs to make sure they are free of genetic diseases The Doberman has a great that they might pass deal of energy and needs a onto the puppies, and lot of exercise. that they have sound temperaments.

This breed can be protective, so don’t be surprised when he assumes the role of household guardian.

The Dobie will assume the alpha role in your household if you’re not a strong leader. Early, consistent training is critical to establish your role as pack leader.

The Dobie is sensitive to cold weather and needs

Vital Stats: Height: 60cm to 70cm tall at the shoulder Weight: 27 to 36kg Life Span:10 to 13 years

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Book with us before 15 December 2018 and qualify for 2018 rates!

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Community Ch@

Movember 2018

It’s time to take action for men’s health.

Here’s what you need to know, the rules and what you can do to help.

Sign up at Movember.com.

22 October 2018 – Join the Foundation of Change and help stop men dying too young. Sign up to raise funds and awareness for all the dads, brothers, sons and friends in your life.

This is the message from Garron Gsell, chief executive and founder of the Men’s Foundation, which grows and grooms the Movember campaign in South Africa under license from the Global Movember Foundation.

Movember is the only global charity tackling prostate cancer, testicular cancer, mental health and suicide prevention.

“Men are dying too young, on average 6 years earlier than women. The state of men’s health in South Africa is in a crisis.

Men deserve better when it comes to their health, and they need to take action now to make this change happen. Too often, guys facing prostate cancer and testicular cancer are facing an uphill battle because of late detection. Too many men are unware of the health risks they face.

We’re giving men the tools they need to live life. And live it well,” Gsell says.

Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in young men. A recent survey of 1000 men by Gilette revealed that only 44% of men aged 18-40 have ever checked themselves for testicular cancer.

The research also found that nearly half don’t know what symptoms to watch out for when it comes to prostate cancer. Of those surveyed, 19% couldn’t identify a single warning sign of prostate cancer – one of the leading cancers for men.

“There is a long way to go before men are fully engaged with key issues relating to their health. This means funding research into prostate cancer, testicular cancer, mental health and suicide prevention. It also means equipping men with the facts and information so that they can take action on their health,” he says.

He says that the Men’s Foundation aims to reduce the number of men dying prematurely by 25% by 2030.

Across the world, men die an average six years younger than women, and for reasons that are largely preventable.

Men are also at a higher risk of suicide, with 14 men dying from suicide every day in South Africa alone.

Gsell believes that funding for men’s health in South Africa requires continued destigmatisation through media and the public at large, as well as prioritisation.

“Gender is one of the strongest and most consistent predictors of health.

For men, this is not good news. This has received little national, regional or global acknowledgement or attention

from health policy-makers or healthcare providers.

“The reality is that government funding primarily focuses on women, children and the elderly, leaving a lot to be desired for all South African men from all walks of life, and for our funding. We are left to rely on the private and corporate sector for help in funding our programmes.”

• MOVE- Commit to walking or running 60 kilometres over the month. That’s 60 kilometres for the 60 men we lose to suicide each hour.

• HOST- Raise funds by doing what you already get a kick out of. Get your friends together for a Moment.

• VIEW - Visit www.movember. com for fundraising ideas for your community, workplace, sports club, university or school as to how you can ‘Have Fun while Doing Good’ this Movember in support of Men’s Health.

Movember wants Mo Bros and Mo Sistas throughout South Africa do what they do best. Growing Mo’s. Moving throughout the month. Hosting Mo-ments. Sign up to raise funds and awareness at www. movember.com. All past Mo Bro’s and Mo Sistas need to re-register.

To sign up or get more Movember tips, visit www.movember.com or download the Movember app on your mobile device.

Follow Movember on social media: @ The Rules MovemberRSA on Twitter or facebook/ No matter how you’re doing Movember, MovemberSouthAfrica. get yourself going on the right foot.

• GROWING A MO? Get it Right - No matter the shape or style of your Mo this Movember, your face can inspire donations, conversations and real change. There are only a few rules in Movember, but they’re vital.

Rule 1: Start clean-shaven on Movember 1st.

Rule 2: No beards, no goatees.

We’re all about the Mo. Set your sights on a Mo style. Are you confident you can outdo Hulk Hogan himself? Or shooting for a modest Wisp? Your moustache is your hairy billboard for the month of Movember, so get a little creative. Sacrifice a beard, dye your Mo, auction it off to the highest donor: the more eyes on your Mo, the better.

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What is Open Burning?

Open burning is the burning of unwanted material in the open air where smoke and toxic fumes are released into the atmosphere directly, therefore, affecting the environment. Often, the practice is done outdoors where house hold waste materials are burnt as a means of waste disposal, away from an incinerator or a furnace chamber. The lack of a chimney or stack predisposes the atmosphere to more air pollution from the open burning.

The burnt material is released, unregulated, and in its raw form into the atmosphere. Materials such as plastics have some toxic chemicals which once pre-disposed in the air; they pose not only a danger to the environment but also become a health concern for life.

This article will pinpoint the various implications of open burning on both the environment and human health and on the various ways it can be stopped.

Effects of Open Burning on the Environment 1. Smoke irritates the environment Release of uncontrolled smoke into the atmosphere pollutes the air, causing destruction of the ozone layer.

Toxic fumes released by the process affect not only the ozone layer but plant and animal life, which has a negative impact on the wildlife and eventually declining their count. Besides, the smoke emitted

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from open burning has an irritating odour that pollutes clean breathing air.

This is a toxic compound that combines with other pollutants in the air to reduce the oxygen circulation of the air, which instantly impacts plant and tree life.

2. Adverse climate changes are Moreover, it is also a cause for global experienced warming given that it is very volatile in The burning of biomass leads to release the atmosphere. It is released only in high of a thick black toxic smoke with is mostly temperatures of fire. In consequence composed of carbon. The large scale of this, it causes an increase in the production of soot leads to absorption of atmospheric temperatures and poses a sunlight and reduces the reflective nature hazard to the ozone layer. of the environment. It results in reduced sunlight reflected back into space, known 6. Open burning of tires lead to the as the albedo effect, which contributes to emission of dioxide and furans global warming.

These are harmful chemicals that are released directly into the air. Once 3. Smoke obscures visibility released, they settle on plants which are Unlike normal air, smoke is not clear subsequently eaten by animals which and it is dense. Consequently, it hinders end up dead or consumed by people who movement from one place to another. rear them. In addition, they have very This can lead to accidents in roads, which corrosive effects given that they lead could have been avoided. to the eroding of the ozone layer thus increasing global warming.

4. By burning garbage, mercury can be released and leaches into the soil, the air and in water It neutralizes useful soil media for crop production and prevents prevalence of some key nutrients in the soil for plant use. Also, it kills fish thus affecting marine life ecosystem.

5. The presence of Nitrogen Oxide is activated and increased in the air

7. There is always the risk of fire getting out of control The fires may be started for open burning and soon get uncontrollable due to factors such as wind or the materials that are under combustion. This can lead to fire accidents or fire breakout causing deaths or the destruction of property.

Effects of Open Burning on the Human Health 1. Open burning can lead to breathing difficulties The burning of asbestos-containing materials, rubber products and waste paints lead to production of toxic fumes and odorous smoke to the atmosphere whose particles combine with the air thus causing lodging deep in our lungs during inspiration; bringing about problems in breathing. With time, it can lead to diseases such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and asthma.

2. Eye irritation

As a result, humans have the highest concentration of the toxic substance in their bodies. This is because dioxins are bio-accumulative which means that their concentration levels increases as you advance upwards in the food chain, with human beings being at the top of that chain.

Once in the body, they alter the normal functioning of the body, cell division, they affect the reproductive system, suppress the immune system and disrupt both the immune and the hormonal systems in the body rendered the body susceptible to a myriad of health related problems.

4. Threat to the normal functioning of the liver, brain, kidney, heart and lungs

Once in contact with eyes, smoke irritates resulting in eye problems. In the same way breathing is made difficult, the eyes are more susceptible to these harmful particles given that eyes are external organs of the body.

Mercury is one of the toxic substances released in the environment during the open burning of certain industrial byproducts, drugs, and chemicals. It is released in water which subsequently drains in large water bodies. It is these same water sources such as rivers that 3. Bioaccumulation and toxicity in humans communities use for their domestic purposes like drinking and cooking.

The release of dioxins from the burning of tires and rubber poses a great threat This leads to break out of countless to man. They land on the plants which are diseases which affect the brain, kidney, eaten by animals and stored up in their heart, and lungs. Furthermore, mercury fatty tissue. It is these same animals that has other adverse effects in water. It are reared by human beings who end up is ingested by fish which either die or ingesting the meat and products from become mercury carriers. Fish are a these animals. source of food for most people and the

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ingestion of these fishes means further ingestion of the mercury.

5. Carcinogenic elements The ash residue left after the open burning is itself riddled with a lot of chemicals and metals such as lead. Lead can be leached in the soil when it rains or by wind. Once in the soil, it can be absorbed by plants which are consumed either directly by man (vegetables) or by animals kept by man.

In the end, when man consumes these vegetables or the meat from these animals respectively, the lead levels in the body increase. Lead is known to be highly carcinogenic and causes cardiovascular diseases as well as kidney problems. Solutions to Open Burning

1. Being a good neighbour At times, it is always easy to embrace simple solutions such as minding your neighbour. It is essential to check on various factors before engaging in open burning. If at all it is the only way for waste disposal, then consider the time of day, the type of the materials and the proximity of the open space to others.

Burning waste in the night can serve as

a scare to neighbours who might awake with the notion of fire in your house only to find you outside burning waste. Also, by having the open ground away from the neighbours will reduce their proximity to the smoke or chances of fire accidents.

2. Recycle Most of the items taken out for open burning are often reusable. Materials made from plastic can be used for other purposes in order to lengthen their useful life. Newspapers and glass are other items that can be put into other uses.

For items that cannot be put to reuse at home, they can be submitted to recycling plants for further processing.

In the instance that one wants to start a minimalist life, then one can give away junk to others or contact such services to aid others in need of those items and ultimately aid in saving the environment.

3. Free local landfill garbage collection sites In an effort to curb open burning, some states have opted for specific garbage collection sites where people have a waste container outside their house where garbage collection companies, on specific days, collect the garbage accumulated and take it to the local landfill.

This eases the work of the residents of

the state since it caters for the proper disposal of the waste thus no need for open burning for individuals as a way of waste disposal.

disposal except for open burning. The applicant has to submit the reason for the permit and then determine the location of the open ground for the procedure.

4. The implementation of permit issuance

5. Public awareness on the health impacts of open burning

This is the issuance of permits granting the authority to conduct the activity. As such, it can serve as a form of regulation by preventing people from open burning.

The permit should have a high fee to dissuade applicants from seeking a permit, thereby encouraging them to opt for other healthier waste disposal methods.

Nevertheless, if one has to acquire the permit, he or she has to convince the local authority that there is no any other suitable alternative method for waste

Awareness should be made in the entire world to sensitize people about the harmful effects of open burning.

The governments as well as nongovernmental organisations should take up the responsibility to guide people on the various waste disposal methods and the various methods of classification of waste to avoid burning of materials such as plastics, rubber, expired drugs, and industrial as well as chemical by-products.

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November is Aviation History Month in America. It is

Kansas, and landed back in Salina 67 hours later.

Charles McGee One of the original Tuskegee Airmen, Charles McGee paved the way for diversity in the Air Force. His legend only grew from there. During more than 30 years of active duty, he flew 409 fighter combat missions — more than anyone in Air Force history.

dedicated to exploring, recognizing and celebrating contributions and achievements in the development of aviation. Aviation history refers to the history of the development of mechanical flight — from the earliest attempts in kites Leo Thorsness and gliders to powered heavier-than-air, Colonel Leo Thorsness showed incredible supersonic and space flights. bravery during the Vietnam War when, Here is a list of the greatest Eagle Scouts in despite running low on fuel, he flew back to save two members of his crew. For this aviation history. Check it out: act, he received the Medal of Honor, the Neil Armstrong country’s highest military honour. Two weeks after this heroic act, Thorsness’ Before he became the first man to walk plane was shot down, and he spent six on the moon, Neil Armstrong was a test years as a prisoner of war before being pilot. He tested the North American X-15 released.

— a rocket-fueled plane with a top speed of 3,989 miles per hour — and more than Guion Bluford 200 other types of aircraft, including After serving in the Air Force for 13 years, helicopters, jets, rockets and gliders.

Guion Bluford set his sights on space. He Steve Fossett was named an astronaut and, in 1983, became the first African American in Explorer Steve Fossett knew no limits, a fact proven by the 100-plus records he set space. In all, he logged four space flights totalling 688 hours. in five different sports. Among his most impressive: In 2005, he became the first person to fly around the world without stopping to refuel. He took off from Salina,

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White gardenia Witkatjiepiering

Gardenia thunbergia is a bea flowering shrub or small tree showy, heavily perfumed flo glossy dark green foliage an decorative fruits.

This is an evergreen shrub or tree, 2 to 5 m in height, with smooth, whitish, usually stra main stem up to 250 to 300 m diameter, and short, rigid br The leaves are carried in who 3 or 4 crowded near the end the branchlets. They are a gl light green, hairless, softly to leathery and conspicuously v Simple with an entire, wavy variable in size, up to 140 x 6 but usually smaller, mostly o tapering abruptly to a round blunt tip while the base tape the stalk.

The flowers are large, showy creamy white and heavily pe particularly at night. They op elegantly furled creamy-gree The flowers do not turn yello they age on the bush. The co a 70-120 mm tube with 8 larg spreading to Âą 80 mm in diam Flowers are produced abund during summer (October to peaking in late summer (Jan March).

The fruits are hard and wood and heavily fibrous inside, an where not being browsed by antelope, can remain on the

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autiful e, with owers, nd

r small ha aight mm in ranchlets. orls of ds of lossy o thinly veined. margin, 60 mm oval, ded or ers onto

y, erfumed, pen from en buds. ow as orolla is ge lobes meter. dantly March), nuary to

dy, nd y large e bush

for years. Each fruit is egg-shaped, greyish green, 50-75 x 35 mm, when mature roughly dotted with whitish encrustations.

Gardenia thunbergia occurs in a strip up the eastern coast of South Africa from near Grahamstown in Eastern Cape to Kosi Bay in the north of KwaZulu-Natal. It occurs primarily in evergreen forest and forest margin, occasionally in woodland and bushveld.

The genus Gardenia was named in honour of Dr Alexander Garden (1730-1971) a Scottish physician who practised in South Carolina, USA, and a correspondent of Linnaeus.

This species was named after Carl Thunberg, pupil of Linnaeus and a well-known 18th century botanist and traveller in South Africa.

secateurs we use to cut off the fruits are blunted by the end of the process, not to mention our hands that are also worn out. We have to use hammers, or any heavy, blunt instrument we can find to break the fruits open, and nails and heavy duty spoons to scoop the seeds out. It is heavy, laborious, unpopular work!

Roots are widely used in Africa to treat skin diseases, and skin lesions caused by leprosy. The roots are also used as an emetic against fever. The rootbark is used as an emetic for biliousness, and to treat gall bladder problems. The roots and leaves are used in various parts of Africa to treat syphilis, and the latex is used as a purgative.

The wood is heavy, dense and extraordinarily hard, a pleasing Gardenia thunbergia was the first yellowish colour, and it presents a of the South African gardenias to high lustre when polished. It also has be known to botanists, and was the unusual ability to bend without introduced to the Royal Botanic breaking, but its use is limited Gardens, Kew in London, in 1773. because it is difficult to find large Moths are attracted to the flowers pieces. It is used for making buttons, and are probably the pollinators. The tools, clubs, yokes, axles and fruits do not burst or split open, or implement handles. The fruits would drop, and can remain on the bush make novel Xmas baubles. for years. They are adapted to being eaten by elephants, large antelope and buffalo, and the seed coats are tough enough to pass through their digestive systems unscathed.

Unless man intervenes, the seeds will not be released from the fruits and dispersed unless these animals eat them. Harvesting Gardenia thunbergia seed is hard work. The

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Red-faced mousebird

Rooiwangmuisvoël Urocolius indicus

The Red-faced mousebird is locally common in Southern Africa, and lives in a wide variety of habitats. It feeds mainly on fruit, with flowers largely making up the rest of its diet. The nest is a small cup of twigs, leaves and stems, placed 2-8 metres above ground in a tree or bush.

It lays 1-7 eggs, which are incubated for 14-20 days, by both sexes and sometimes a helper. The chicks are brooded for the first few days of their life, sometimes by both adults at once. They stay in the nest for 14-20 days, before becoming independent.

Occurs from southern Angola, Zambia and Malawi to Southern Africa, where it is common in non-arid areas. It generally prefers Acacia savannah and thickets, gardens, woodland with nearby rivers, strandveld, gardens and orchards.

Its diet is dominated by fruit, supplemented with nectar, flowers and leaves. It typically forages in groups of 3-10, landing in trees and bushes to forage.

Monogamous, cooperative breeder, meaning that the breeding pair are assisted by helpers. Courtship involves preening and a “bouncing display”, in which one bird bounces up and down on its perch, the tempo increasing as its mate gets closer.

The nest is built by both sexes, consisting of an untidy, small cup of twigs, leaves and stems lined with soft material. It is typically placed 2-8 metres above ground, in a tree or shrub.

Egg-laying is usually from June to February, peaking from SeptemberNovember.

It lays 1-7 eggs, which are incubated by both sexes and sometimes helpers, for 10-15 days.

The chicks are brooded for the first few days of their life, sometimes by both adults at once. They stay in the nest for 14-20 days, after which they become fully independent.

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you do not loose a friend in the process. Advice from Lori Milner, from Beyond the Dress, is to package your decision like a sandwich. Acknowledge the intent, graciously say no and offer an alternative. It takes some practice, but it is so liberating when you succeed.

Make yourself a priority, occasionally

Our to do lists consist of 1.So 2. Many 3. Things

Often these various tasks are not even in order of importance and it can become our guilt list as well. We see unattended matters as failures and we start doubting our abilities. So rather change your approach to tasks on hand and make it a success list – items that you will be able to We start each day knowing we will not complete and achieve. Lori recommends get everything done on our to do lists. that we enter these appointments in The closer we get to the end of the our diaries – put it on your calendar so year, the more we start to panic about you can decide when and where your things we still wanted to complete this attention will be. Schedule time with year. So, it comes down to effective yourself as meetings and treat this as time management and making the right important as any other appointment on choices. the calendar. Good advice is also to do the important tasks on your list before It is said that most people note the you start reading emails – as we all know following regrets when they are old: I wish I lived a life truer to myself and I wish that the email monster has a habit of swallowing us! You also need to consider I had not worked so hard. Maybe it is time for you to take a few minutes at this your bodily clock and schedule tasks in late stage in 2018 to determine what really accordance with your energy levels. Do matters to you. Once you have done this, not leave a report for the afternoon if you are aware that your focus and energy will you will get the right things done, know be at its lowest level – do those arduous what to ignore and then you will start to tasks first, when you are still fresh! focus again.

It is important to control your own space – well, at least sometimes! If you don’t control your space and time, it will control you! Therefore, it is important to make yourself a priority occasionally you will grow in confidence and self-belief.

Many women still have to come to terms with the fact that it is alright to sometimes say no! It is important to separate your decision from the relationship you have with the person asking you to do something – so that

We often ask ourselves why we procrastinate. Is it because the task is uninteresting, because we suffer from fear of failure or because we are unclear of what needs to be done? Well, says Lori, done is better than perfect! So,

get the job done – maybe you will have time to re-write, re-evaluate or change. But working on a semi-completed task is always easier than starting from scratch when you are already tired or under enormous pressure.

you can train yourself to be more present. Make a 20-minute break in your day part of your schedule – 20 minutes during which you do nothing. You just re-group. Also consider what works as energy enhancers for you – food, exercise, relationships It seems as if the phrase (people feeding your soul) work-life-balance is a myth or sleep. It is important as all of us must keep to also ensure that you several balls in the air at recharge! Just like a the same time. The balls cellular phone or laptop usually are health, family, needs to be plugged into friends, integrity and work. a power source every day So, the first four are glass we need to plug in to our balls, which we daren’t power sources. And these drop. Work is the only come in various forms rubber ball that we may – you will know what is sometimes drop, but never best for you! Some prefer want to! In this process we yoga or meditation, others lose a bit of ourselves. prefer to spend time with friends, sharing a meal. For There is more and more drives and training on offer many a good book will be all they need. Personally, on mindfulness. Maybe I prefer music – it calms it is a result of our fastme, rejuvenates me and paced lives, where we are gives me a lift! Whatever always in a hurry, always you need to ensure you wasting time in ques and are mindful and not have a then must rush to the mind full. next appointment or we get stuck in traffic which End you day with a short, eats up our valuable time.

5-minute journal where But we need to turn our you identify the three focus back to where we things you are grateful for, are. Be present. Be in three things that will make this moment. Lori Milner your day great and things believes that multi-tasking you could have done to is a myth and that it takes make your day better! It is us 23 seconds to return our important to spend time thoughts to a task, once with yourself as change we have left our thoughts comes from within. We go to another topic. She need to make a choice believes it is best to give to go about our days our attention to one differently. action/thought at a time.

Once we have inner peace Easier said than done! But and happiness, it will be

so much easier to spend time with family and friends, to motivate our husbands and to keep our children strong during the exams. In November we start to focus on gender violence and domestic violence against women and children. It does not always have to be physical violence – sometimes emotional scars take longer to heal. And therefore, we urge every women and girl child to put yourself first. Look after your own wellness and be emotionally strong. Then you will be able to reach out and lend a hand to another women or girl who is struggling. Change your life so you can change the life of one other woman as well.

Child Welfare Tshwane offers counselling to children and families that have been victims of domestic violence.

We provide protection and care to the most vulnerable members of the community and we empower them to reach their potential. For more information on genderbased violence and domestic violence, please contact us on 012-4609236 or info@childwelfare.co.za

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in January 2018 on Parents’ considerable underestimation of sugar and their child’s risk of overweight, concluded that parents quite ignorant of the sugar content of most foods and beverages (e.g., 92% of parents

Are we Sugarcoating our Kid’s Lunchboxes?

underestimated the sugar content of yogurt by, on average, seven sugar cubes) [1].

These high sugar foods, may cause children to struggle to concentrate in school, gain weight, have fluctuating energy levels and so much more.

Another study published in April 2018 on, ‘Increased Cellular Aging by 3 Years As parents our heart’s desire is for our of Age in Latino, Preschool Children kids to have the absolute best in life, we Who Consume More Sugar-Sweetened wish to provide them with love, comfort Beverages: A Pilot Study’, has concluded and health. But, are we unknowingly that excessive sugar-sweetened beverage causing slow damage to their health. As a registered dietitian, the rates of obesity consumption impacts early childhood and sickness in children that I deal with on immune system health adversely, possibly a daily basis is alarming. But what is even before the development of obesity [2]. more alarming, is that as parents we often P. Seferidi et al., reported in 2017 that a higher sugar intake was associated with believe that we are providing our kids with healthy and nutritious meals, hence, a less healthy cardiometabolic profile [3]. my topic for this article are we mislead to Thus, it is clear that we should not feed our children with excessive quantities of think that we are providing our children sugar. But, if we do so unknowingly, how with healthy foods, when it is quite the do we put a stop to it? opposite. A study that was published

It is always best to go for more natural options, as anything that is kept in a box or container, has added ingredients to keep to product from going stale and to provide a tasty and attractive product, to ensure the consumer comes back for more. For example, instead of crackers, which is normally loaded with empty calories (meaning there is not a lot of vitamins and minerals, but mostly energy), rather give your kids some carrots for example, carrots contain vitamin A, vitamin K, potassium, anti-oxidants, fiber and energy. A simple alteration like this can help to ensure that kids meet their nutritional requirements.

Secondly read the label, do not only look at the sugar content but also at the carbohydrate content. The building blocks for carbohydrates are sugars, therefore the majority of the carbohydrates (not the fiber portion) is broken down into sugar during the digestion process.

fruit, which also has the fiber and less sugar per serving.

Lastly, I have noted that some parents do take it upon themselves to provide gluten-free products as there is a misconception that these foods are always lower in sugar, unfortunately this is not the case. While gluten-containing flours are removed from many of these products, it is replaced with other high-sugar or refined carbohydrate alternatives. Gluten-free does not mean that these products are lower in refined sugars. To put this into perspective, I have taken chocolate brownies from a general grocer, one batch is gluten-free while the other batch is ‘normal’ (glutencontaining) chocolate brownies. One serving of the ‘regular’ brownies contain sugar that is equal to 6 teaspoons of sugar per brownie, while the glutenfree brownies contain sugar equal to 7 teaspoons of sugar per brownie.

Gluten-free or not, the main issue here is the foods we provide our children, Thirdly, be aware of ‘natural’ sugars, which are in most cases low in nutrients they are not always as natural as the and high in refined carbohydrates packaging suggests them to be. For and sugars. Common foods seen in example, fruit juices, one of the wellkid’s lunchboxes are crackers (which know juices which are recommend and on average is equal to ½ a teaspoon marketed to kids contain fructose, which of sugar per cracker), rice cakes is a natural sugar but still a sugar, equal (containing sugar equal to about 1 to 4.5 teaspoons of sugar. It is much teaspoon of sugar per cake) and treats. better to provide your kids with a fresh This causes our kids to have blood

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glucose level spikes, causing them to be overactive and the next moment

to concentrate for longer periods of time. Bear in mind that the brain mostly

to have a drop in blood glucose levels affecting concentration. Instead, if we

constitutes of fat, therefore by providing healthy fats within the diet and keeping

focus on whole-foods and provide good fats to our kids, their energy levels will

the sugar intake to a minimum, we may help to improve concentration levels in

be a lot more stable, also enabling them

our kids.

References: 1. Mattea Dallacker, Ralph Hertwig, and Jutta Mata. Parents’ considerable underestimation of sugar and their child’s risk of overweight. International Journal of Obesity. Volume 42: 1097–1100; January 2018.

2. Janet M. Wojcicki, Rosalinda Medrano, Jue Lin, and Elissa Epel. Increased Cellular Aging by 3 Years of Age in Latino, Preschool Children Who Consume More SugarSweetened Beverages: A Pilot Study. Childhood Obesity. Volume 14 (3). April 2018.

3. P. Seferidi, C. Millett, A. A. Laverty. Sweetened beverage intake in association to energy and sugar consumption and cardiometabolic markers in children. Pediatric Obesity. Volume13 (4): 195-203; April 2018.

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Recipe

Corn & Ham Risotto A bowl of creamy risotto is as comforting as dinner comes.

Ingredients •

2 tbsp. extra-virgin olive oil

•

1 large onion, chopped

•

2 garlic cloves, chopped

•

1 1/2 cup rice

•

3/4 cup dry white wine

•

Salt

•

Freshly ground black pepper

•

4 cups chicken stock, divided

•

• •

•

2 cups fresh corn kernels (from about 3 ears) 250g shredded smoked ham 150g white Cheddar cheese, grated (about 1 cup) 1/4 cup thinly sliced fresh chives, plus more for serving

Directions 1. Heat oil in a large saucepan over medium heat. Add onion and garlic and cook, stirring occasionally, until softened, 1 to 2 minutes.

Add rice and cook, stirring, until opaque, 2 to 4 minutes.

Add wine and cook, stirring occasionally, until liquid is absorbed, 1 to 2 minutes.

Season with salt and pepper.

2. Add 1 cup stock and cook, stirring until absorbed, 5 to 6 minutes. Repeat 2 more times. Add remaining cup stock and corn and cook, stirring, until rice is tender and corn is cooked through, 5 to 7 minutes. Stir in ham and cook until warmed through, 1 to 2 minutes. Remove from heat and stir in cheese until melted. Stir in chives. Season with salt and pepper.

3. Serve immediately topped with additional chives.

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How to Take

CONTROL of Your HEALTH and Weight

By Chanel Serfontein

As we said hello to 2018, some of us attempt the age-old tradition of making New Year’s resolutions. You sit down with pen and paper and try to think of all the things you swore you’d do last year. More often than not our goals are vague, overwhelming and sometimes downright unreasonable. There is also usually a terrible lack of planning- how do you plan to achieve your goals?

Take, for example, the classic weight loss goal. If you don’t know how to effectively manage what you’re eating, how are you going to reach your goal?

Well, we’re here to help. We’re going to delve into how to finally take control of your health and reach your goals.

Mindful eating

it can certainly help with weight loss.

The first and most important concept To practice mindful eating, follow the to master is mindful eating. The following guidelines: practice of mindful eating has soared • Determine whether you are in popularity, with people realising that actually hungry, or if you are a big part of health and/or weight loss eating for an emotional reason is psychological. When you practice (or boredom). mindful eating, you are giving your • Eat slowly. Savour your food, put full attention to what you’re putting your fork down between bites, into your body and how it will serve chew 25 times before taking and benefit you. Are you eating empty another bite…it may sound like calories or are you eating nutrient all the advice your granny gave dense foods that will fuel your body? you at the dinner table, but it has Are you eating because you’re bored merit! or sad, or are you replenishing your body’s energy stores when it’s needed?

• Break your eating habits. Stop Are you eating because there is food eating randomly, raiding your on your plate (even though you’re snack cupboard throughout the satiated), or are you listening to your day, etc. Make an occasion of body’s signals? Paying attention to your meals and create a healthy these aspects can greatly improve the eating environment. quality of food that you consume, and

• Focus on your health. Is the food you’re eating going to benefit your body?

when you are hungrier and where you may be making mistakes such as stress eating.

• Think about the process your food has gone through. Often we are very disconnected from where our food comes from and what has been done to it between then and consumption.

Generally, when you put some thought into it, you will find yourself less inclined to eat very processed foods.

How many calories do I need to be eating?

• Focus on your meal. Don’t multitask when you’re eating.

This includes TV and work!

• Consider keeping a food diary Now that you’re schooled in the art of mindful eating, how can you use it to lose weight?

At the risk of oversimplifying things, weight gain and loss comes down to energy in versus energy out. This means that if you’re eating more calories than you are expending you will gain weight, and vice versa.

This depends on many things: age, height, gender, activity level, muscle mass, etc…

To get a completely accurate indication of your basal metabolic rate (how many calories you burn at rest), you will need to go for specialist tests.

However, you can work out a ballpark figure using the following calculation: 655.1 + (9.6 x weight in kg) + (1.8 x height in cm) – (4.7 x age) For example, a 25 year old female, 176cm tall and weighing 64kg will need the following: 655.1 + (9.6 x 64kg) + (1.8 x 176cm) – (4.7 x 25) = 655.1 + 614.4 + 316.8 – 117.5 = 1468.8 calories per day Now, bear in mind, this is how many calories she would be burning if she did nothing all day. You will then need to take into account your activity levels:

Keeping track of how much you’re eating helps in two ways: you hold yourself accountable by seeing in black Little/ no exercise: BMR x 1.2 and white what you’re putting into your body; and you can do some math Light exercise: BMR x 1.375 regarding your calorie consumption.

Moderate exercise (3-5 days/week): A food diary is a great way to do this.

BMR x 1.55 You can either keep a physical log on Very active (6-7 days/week): 1.725 paper, or you can download one of the many apps available (my personal Extra active (very active and physical favourite is myfitnesspal). The apps job): BMR x 1.9 have most foods and their nutritional So if we are to assume that our 25 information available, and do all the year old female is very active, her total legwork for you. You can also track calorie requirement per day will be your exercise. It is advisable to break 1468.8 x 1.725 = 2533.68 your food diary up into meals, and it may also be beneficial to add the time How to adjust your caloric intake for of each. This will enable you to see

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weight gain and loss

Protein: 4 calories per gram

A kilogram of fat is roughly equivalent to 7700 calories. This means that to lose a kilogram a week, you would need to create a weekly calorie deficit of 7700, or a daily deficit of 1100. You can achieve this in 2 ways: limiting what you eat and increasing your exercise. Trust us on this one: it is much more effective to control your eating and exercise simultaneously!

Alcohol: 7 calories per gram (before taking into account any added sugar, of which there is generally a lot

Taking again our example from above: If she wants to lose 0.5kg per week, she will need to consume roughly 1983.68 calories per day (2533.68 – 550).

To give you an idea, here are the substances and their caloric values: Fat: 9 calories per gram Carbohydrates: 4 calories per gram

The take away After all that math, it’s important to remember not to obsess. Yes, it is good to keep track of your calories, but it is also important to enjoy your food and focus more on health. When you pay attention to what you’re eating and learn a bit more about the effects different foods have on your body, you will naturally start to develop habits that are beneficial to your health.

There is an abundance of information available, so use it! Keep an eye out for our next blog post: What’s Hiding in my Food?

grace

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Part 33

By Johan Jordaan

The Grace Awakening We have come to the end of this series in which we have covered a lot of ground. This month however is not a new teaching but rather a prophecy over the future of grace.

It has become a cliché in our time but it still holds true: the only constant nowadays is change. The same goes for the spiritual realm.

As the enemy moves his pawns into position for the epic battle that is at hand, God has already started moving His pieces, and He plays chess in twenty seven dimensions! This has Satan in a frenzy because he is forever reacting to what God is doing and he never seems to catch up. Right now he is franticly getting organised for the battle, but he already knows the outcome, and it’s not good for him.

The change that is causing all this consternation in the enemy camp is a movement that God has started and that Satan has already seen at work; it’s called the gospel of grace and it has the potential to turn the world on its head. There’s revolution in the air and it’s called the grace awakening.

It’s not a normal revival where God has to supernaturally, through the Spirit, work on thousands of people to inexplicably turn to Him. No this is a different kettle of fish. In this case God started to illuminate one person here and another there. He simply started to show these people His

goodness and how the worldwide church misrepresented Him to the world. He showed these people how Paul preached the Gospel and how that affected people.

This awakening is now fairly well under way and it is starting to change people all over the world. Champions of this new message are popping up and running with the message. As this gospel spreads over the planet, largely unnoticed, it will change, no revolutionise the way we relate to God and people. It disarms Satan and his powers and principalities by

taking away their greatest weapon: the Law. It empowers Christians by showing them that God can be taken on His word when we get out of the religiosity of the church of our time.

These Christians, who are multiplying all the time, are going to take the world by storm because they will know that to bear much fruit they must not work; but rest in God. They will be so secure in God’s love that Satan cannot rattle them. They are led by the Spirit. Without these Christians Satan has already won the war but because of them he is defeated. His is doomed – because Jesus does it through them.

It is a total new Christianity that will transform congregations from within rather than starting new denominations as has happened in the past. Instead of falling by the wayside as so many have predicted, congregations will be renewed from within, by the people themselves rather than by the leadership. These congregations will start proclaiming this message and see unparalleled growth.

Many of these champions do not currently belong to an institutional church because of the control, religion, misrepresentation of the Father, ignoring of Jesus as head of the church and blatant disregard for the roll of the Holy Spirit. Money is sometimes more important than Jesus. They all but deny the supernatural and rely completely on themselves and their abilities to try and achieve God’s goals – as if God needs anyone to do His work!

These champions of grace however represent the real church. They have no agenda but to be known by God and to know Him. Intimacy with Him is their only goal. Satan has no weapon against them because they have zero self-interest and worst of all; they have authority over him and his kingdom.

This movement is based on a close love-relationship with Jesus – the real head of the church. They do not pursue works but Jesus Himself. But from that intimate relationship and their faithfulness to their covenant mighty exploits will be made for their God. (Dan 11:32) These are the sons of God; men and woman whose destiny it is to rule the nations. They will inherit the very kingdom of God; that is their ultimate destiny. Why don’t you join their ranks today? Lay off the Law and any kind of religion, lay aside all your rights (except your birth right) and your ambitions, align your will with that of God and come to know Him, really know Him and be known by Him. This is the grace awakening. And it’s coming to a congregation near you!

Write to me, engage me and I will try to answer any questions that you might have. Email: featzmags@gmail.com, Subject: Grace 41

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Remembering: Typhoid Mary The Sad Story of a Woman Responsible for Several Typhoid Outbreaks

better wages than many other domestic service positions.

Mary Mallon, now known as Typhoid Mary, seemed a healthy woman when a health inspector knocked on her door in 1907. Yet, she was the cause of several typhoid outbreaks. Since Mary was the first “healthy carrier” of typhoid fever in the United States, she did not understand how someone not sick could spread disease—so she tried to fight back.

Soper was able to trace Mallon’s employment history back to 1900. He found that typhoid outbreaks had followed Mallon from job to job. From 1900 to 1907, Soper found that Mallon had worked at seven jobs in which 22 people had become ill, including one young girl who died, with typhoid fever shortly after Mallon had come to work for them.

After a trial and then a short run from health officials, Typhoid Mary was recaptured and forced to live in relative seclusion upon North Brother Island off New York.

Soper was satisfied that this was much more than a coincidence; yet, he needed stool and blood samples from Mallon to scientifically prove she was the carrier.

Mary Mallon was born on September 23, 1869, in Cookstown, Ireland.

According to what she told friends, Mallon emigrated to America around the age of 15. Like most Irish immigrant women, Mallon found a job as a domestic servant. Finding she had a talent for cooking, Mallon became a cook, which paid

wanted specimens of her urine, faeces and blood. It did not take Mary long to react to this suggestion. She seized a carving fork and advanced in my direction.

I passed rapidly down the long narrow hall, through the tall iron gate, . . . and so to the sidewalk. I felt rather lucky to escape.

This violent reaction from Mallon did not stop Soper; he proceeded to track Mallon to her home.

This time, he brought an In March 1907, Soper assistant (Dr. Bert Raymond found Mallon working as a Hoobler) for support. Again, cook in the home of Walter Mallon became enraged, Bowen and his family. To made clear they were get samples from Mallon, he unwelcome and shouted approached her at her place expletives at them as they of work. made a hurried departure.

I had my first talk with Mary in the kitchen of this house. Realizing it was going to take more persuasiveness . .. I was as diplomatic as than he was able to offer, possible, but I had to say Soper handed his research I suspected her of making and hypothesis over to people sick and that I Hermann Biggs at the New

York City Health Department. Biggs agreed with Soper’s hypothesis.

Biggs sent Dr. S. Josephine Baker to talk to Mallon.

policemen lifted her into the ambulance and I literally sat on her all the way to the hospital; it was like being in a cage with an angry lion.

Mallon, now extremely suspicious of these health officials, refused to listen to Baker, Baker returned with the aid of five police officers and an ambulance. Mallon was prepared this time. Baker describes the scene:

Mallon was taken to the Willard Parker Hospital in New York. There, samples were taken and examined; typhoid bacilli was found in her stool. The health department then transferred Mallon to an isolated cottage (part of the Riverside Hospital) on North Brother Island (in the East River near the Bronx).

Mary was on the lookout and peered out, a long kitchen fork in her hand like a rapier. As she lunged at me with the fork, I stepped back, recoiled on the policeman and so confused matters that, by the time we got through the door, Mary had disappeared.

‘Disappear’ is too matter-of-fact a word; she had completely vanished.

Baker and the police searched the house.

Eventually, footprints were spotted leading from the house to a chair placed next to a fence. Over the fence was a neighbour’s property.

They spent five hours searching both properties, until, finally, they found “a tiny scrap of blue calico caught in the door of the areaway closet under the high outside stairway leading to the front door.”

Baker describes the emergence of Mallon from the closet: She came out fighting and swearing, both of which she could do with appalling efficiency and vigour. I made another effort to talk to her sensibly and asked her again to let me have the specimens, but it was of no use. By that time, she was convinced that the law was wantonly persecuting her, when she had done nothing wrong. She knew she had never had typhoid fever; she was maniacal in her integrity. There was nothing I could do but take her with us. The

Mary Mallon believed she was being unfairly persecuted. She could not understand how she could have spread disease and caused a death when she, herself, seemed healthy.

I never had typhoid in my life, and have always been healthy. Why should I be banished like a leper and compelled to live in solitary confinement with only a dog for a companion?

In 1909, after having been isolated for two years on North Brother Island, Mallon sued the health department.

During Mallon’s confinement, health officials had taken and analysed stool samples from Mallon approximately once a week.

The samples came back intermittently positive for typhoid, but mostly positive (120 of 163 samples tested positive).

For nearly a year preceding the trial, Mallon also sent samples of her stool to a private lab where all her samples tested negative for typhoid. Feeling healthy and with her own lab results, Mallon believed she was being held unfairly.

This contention that I am a perpetual menace in the spread of typhoid germs is

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not true. My own doctors say I have no typhoid germs. I am an innocent human being. I have committed no crime and I am treated like an outcast -- a criminal. It is unjust, outrageous, uncivilized. It seems incredible that in a Christian community a defenceless woman can be treated in this manner.

Mallon did not understand a lot about typhoid fever and, unfortunately, no one tried to explain it to her. Not all people have a strong bout of typhoid fever; some people can have such a weak case that they only experience flu-like symptoms. Thus, Mallon could have had typhoid fever but never known it.

Though commonly known at the time that typhoid could be spread by water or food products, people who are infected by the typhoid bacillus could also pass the disease from their infected stool onto food via unwashed hands. For this reason, infected persons who were cooks (like Mallon) or food handlers had the most likelihood of spreading the disease.

The judge ruled in favour of the health officials and Mallon, now popularly known as “Typhoid Mary,” “was remanded to the

custody of the Board of Health of the City of New York.” Mallon went back to the isolated cottage on North Brother Island with little hope of being released.

be a laundress as well as worked at other jobs, for a reason that has not been left in any documents, Mallon eventually went back to working as a cook.

In February of 1910, a new health commissioner decided that Mallon could go free as long as she agreed never to work as a cook again. Anxious to regain her freedom, Mallon accepted the conditions.

In January of 1915 (nearly five years after Mallon’s release), the Sloane Maternity Hospital in Manhattan suffered a typhoid fever outbreak.

Twenty-five people became ill and two of them died.

On February 19, 1910, Mary Mallon agreed that she “is prepared to change her occupation (that of the cook), and will give assurance by affidavit that she will upon her release take such hygienic precautions as will protect those with whom she comes in contact, from infection.” She was then released.

Soon, evidence pointed to a recently-hired cook, Mrs. Brown. (Mrs. Brown was really Mary Mallon, using a pseudonym.)

If the public had shown Mary Mallon some sympathy during her first period of confinement because she was an unwitting typhoid carrier, all of the sympathies disappeared after her recapture. This Some people believe that time, Typhoid Mary knew of Mallon never had any her healthy carrier status intention of following the - even if she didn’t believe health officials’ rules; thus it; thus she willingly and they believe Mallon had a knowingly caused pain malicious intent with her and death to her victims. cooking. But not working as Using a pseudonym made a cook pushed Mallon into even more people feel that service in other domestic Mallon knew she was guilty. positions which did not pay Mallon was again sent to as well.

North Brother Island to live Feeling healthy, Mallon in the same isolated cottage still did not really believe that she had inhabited that she could spread during her last confinement. typhoid. Though in the For twenty-three more beginning, Mallon tried to years, Mary Mallon

remained imprisoned on the island.

The exact life she led on the island is unclear, but it is known that she helped around the tuberculosis hospital, gaining the title “nurse” in 1922 and then “hospital helper” sometime later. In 1925, Mallon began to help in the hospital’s lab.

122 people to become ill and five deaths.

Labella was isolated for two weeks and then released.

Mallon was not the only healthy carrier who broke the health officials’ rules after being told of their contagious status.

Alphonse Cotils, a restaurant and bakery owner, was told not to prepare food for In December 1932, Mary Mallon suffered a other people. When health officials found large stroke that left her paralyzed. She was him back at work, they agreed to let him then transferred from her cottage to a bed go free when he promised to conduct his in the childrens ward of the hospital on the business over the phone. island, where she stayed until her death six years later, on November 11, 1938.

So why is Mary Mallon so infamously remembered as “Typhoid Mary”? Why Since Mary Mallon’s death, the name was she the only healthy carrier isolated “Typhoid Mary” has grown into a term for life? These questions are hard disassociated from the person. Anyone to answer. Judith Leavitt, the author who has a contagious illness can be of Typhoid Mary, believes that her personal termed, sometimes jokingly, a “Typhoid identity contributed to the extreme Mary.” treatment she received from health officials.

If someone changes their jobs frequently, they are sometimes referred to as a Leavitt claims that there was prejudice “Typhoid Mary.” (Mary Mallon changed jobs against Mallon not only for being Irish and frequently. Some people believed it to be a woman, but also for being a domestic because she knew she was guilty, but most servant, not having a family, not being probably it was because domestic jobs considered a “bread earner,” having a at the time were not long lasting service temper, and not believing in her carrier jobs.) status.

But why does everyone know about Typhoid Mary? Though Mallon was the first carrier found, she was not the only healthy carrier of typhoid during that time.

An estimated 3,000 to 4,500 new cases of typhoid fever were reported in New York City alone and it was estimated that about three percent of those who had typhoid fever become carriers, creating 90-135 new carriers a year.

During her life, Mary Mallon experienced extreme punishment for something in which she had no control and, for whatever reason, has gone down in history as the evasive and malicious “Typhoid Mary.”

Mallon was also not the most deadly.

Forty-seven illnesses and three deaths were attributed to Mallon while Tony Labella (another healthy carrier) caused

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Cool Facts About the Amewsing Dr

Dragon Li Cats are loy intelligent, but difficu outside China.

The Dragon Li is one o Chinese cat breeds, a gain popularity amon Now an international official breed, the Dra beginning to appear i worldwide. Their uniq and intelligent person their exotic charm.

Among cat breeds, fe exotic as the Dragon popular cat breeds, th Li is a natural breed. T that it was not create breeding or mutation naturally, in China. Th theory on the origin o is that it was once a w self-domesticated, m naturally adapted to h around, coming to de for food and care. Th Mountain Cat is prob ancestor of this breed Li goes by many othe including Li Hua and L

In appearance, the Dr unique short coat. Th tabby patterned coat dark brown colour. B specify the number o should typically appe parts of the cat. Thes recognizable by their Their eyes can be gre brown, but Dragon Li

ragon Li Cat

yal and very ult to find

consider green to be the best eye colour for this breed.

One interesting physical feature is the stocky appearance of the body, reflecting the selfdomesticated nature of the cat. of the first and is starting to They are rectangular and muscular cats, although the females are ng cat fanciers. considerably smaller than the males. lly recognized These cats usually have distinctively agon Li is wide paws, as well. in shows que appearance The personality of the Dragon nality adds to Li makes sense considering its

ew are as Li. Unlike many he Dragon This means ed through n, but evolved he leading of this breed wild cat that meaning that it having humans epend on them he Chinese bably the d. The Dragon er names, Li Mao.

origins. These cats are loyal, but not particularly affectionate. They are known to be very intelligent, and their natural breed status means that they’re very active. They need a lot of space, and therefore is usually not recommended for people who live in small apartments. These cats are particularly good at retrieving things, and may be able to learn to bring in newspapers or fetch small objects.

It is difficult to find Dragon Li cats outside China, and they have only recently become recognized as a show breed. In 2003, these cats were added to Chinese and American cat registries, and in 2005, a Dragon Li cat won a championship in China. Cat Fanciers’ Association ragon Li has a accepted the breed in 2010. The he breed has a 2005 winning Dragon Li cat, named t in a medium to Needy, is well-known among cat Breed standards fanciers in China. Videos of the cat of stripes that can be found online, and rumour has ear on various it Needy was also the first cat to be se cats are also married in China! r large eyes.

Currently, this breed is very difficult een, yellow, or to find outside China. Because the i aficionados breed is so newly recognized, it has

not yet been extensively promoted, and is still considered by cat fanciers to be fairly experimental. As a result, there are few, if any, breeders in the United States and other Western countries. For those interested in Chinese breeds, there is also the Chinese White, although this breed has not yet had widespread official recognition. Cat fancy is becoming more and more popular in China, so more Chinese breeds are likely to appear and gain recognition in the next few years. Unfortunately, Westerners who want to become Dragon Li owners before then, may have no choice but to take a vacation to their country of origin.

As with any pet, the Dragon Li should be cared for properly.

The breed has no known disease susceptibilities, and does not require extensive coat grooming, but cleaning the teeth and ears regularly is important. When they are given proper care and attention, these cats can live up to 16 years or so.

47

November in your garden

Life is a Garden

gooseberr in large po Summer is about colour - everywhere!

Look out at garden centres for ‘The Old favourites are in full bloom so you Patio’ range of veggies like ‘Roma’ (a need more of them. The best news is the container tomato), a mini-butternut availability of modern dwarf hybrids of called ‘Honeynut’, and the golden many perennials and edibles, which can zucchini ‘Easy Pick’. be planted and enjoyed in the smallest of To health with blueberries! spaces!

They say that the blueberry (Vacciniu corymbosum) is one of the world’s Container gardening is gaining popularity super foods due to a high concentrat by the day and what’s not to love about of antioxidants, and luckily for us, it? good blueberry varieties are now readily available - just in time for tho • you can garden in small spaces scrumptious summer smoothies. Pla even indoors; them in full sun in a space which wil • you can take your garden with you allow for a mature height of 1,5m and if you move home; a spread of up to 2m wide. You can however, also plant them in a large p • you can change your garden according to the seasons or if you Blueberries like moist, acidic soil so mulch them with acid compost or pin get bored with it; needles, and feed them with a fertilis • you have perfect control over the formulated for blue hydrangeas. soil On trend - containering

• from the traditional and pretty decorative pots, to gumboots and repurposed wooden pallets, the variety of different containers you can use is endless.

Smart planting

Brachyscome Fresco Candy - tons o bright magenta blooms cover these mounded plants all season long. ‘Fre Candy’ is ideal for containers and garden beds. The plants are sensitiv to overwatering, and for optimal GCA garden centres are stocked to the performance, can be fed with a slow rafters with everything you need to really release fertiliser to encourage bloom get stuck into containering – you will Plant these beauties in full sun. They find top quality soil mediums, a wide reach a height of between 15 to 30cm range of pots, drainage chips, suitable and width of 15 to 20cm. plants in variety, (very few plants are Petite and huge blooming beauty - d not conducive to growing in pots in any Inca lilies are magnificent for the gar case!), water soluble fertilisers, water and suitable to grow in containers to retention products and very decorative as they reach a height of only 30-35 mulches. (Pssst… Coming into the festive They flower profusely from spring to season, look out for red and greenautumn and can be found in a wide coloured mulches!) range of bright colours. These shorty You can feed yourself royally from pots can, just like their taller family memb be picked as long-lasting cut flowers Plant blueberries, strawberries and Cape

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Hydrangeas - brighten up shady areas with glorious hydrangeas, which will now be available in flower. Colour in between them with impatiens, begonias and browallia. Hydrangeas love dappled shade, rich loamy soil and lots of water.

If you want to grow them in pots, place them on the Southern side of the house for early morning sun and afternoon shade.

Plant camels for a dry garden The following waterwise beauties are recommended by your GCA nurserymen: Yucca ‘Sapphire Skies’ – the striking, narrow, stiff, baby blue leaves are shorter than others of the species, and form a dense crown atop an elegant single trunk. Use as a bold architectural element in containers or waterwise borders. A showy spike of white flowers emerges at maturity. Evergreen.

Plumbago Royal Cape - huge clusters of vivid deep blue flowers cover this sprawling, vine-like shrub most of the year. It is a reliable evergreen and can be used as a groundcover, bank cover or container plant in frost-free areas.

New Zealand Rock Lily (Arthropodium cirratum) - the New Zealand Rock lily is well-known not only as a perfect dwarf shade plant, but also as an excellent rden coastal plant. This is a clump-forming, oo, herbaceous perennial. It has soft, lush, 5cm. lime green foliage which brings form o and colour to any garden bed. The strap-like leaves surround masses of y’s bers, delicate, starry white flowers which occur on a flower spike approximately s.

Hardy bedding bestie - Portulaca!

Portulaca grandiflora varieties are annual succulents flowering their hearts out in summer to autumn. They mature at around 15cm in height and 30-40cm in width. The reddish coloured stems are prostrate and green cylindrical leaves are arranged in clusters around the stem and pointed at the ends. Both the stems and leaves are thick and fleshy.

The flowers, formed at the tips of the stems, are rose-like in appearance 60cm in height, and in abundance in late and have either single, semi-double or spring to summer. This is a hardy and double petals. The colours tend to be maintenance free plant. bright such as scarlet, orange, yellow, pink and white, although there are some cultivars that have been bred to have a Statice (Limonium perezii) - an evergreen perennial that forms a rosette more pastel palette. of large, leathery leaves. It grows in The best uses for this plant include the sun in most soils as long as it is the following: in a rockery, between well drained. It is drought tolerant once stepping stones as groundcover, or in a established, but needs regular watering hanging basket. The trailing habit of this when newly planted. This is a reliable plant makes for an ideal companion in low maintenance plant. You only need containers, as it will spill over the edges to remove the old foliage to keep the magnificently. Portulaca enjoy sandy, plant tidy and looking good. The Statice well-draining soil and a hot, sunny plant flowers year-round but has more position. flowers in spring and summer. It has large clusters of bi-colour blooms on stems ranging from 15-60cm tall. These Mozzie busters flowers are purple-blue and white Mosquitoes are attracted to body odour, and have a papery feel to them. The and repellents work by masking the flowers last forever and are excellent body’s scent to keep mosquitoes at a distance, especially if they don’t like the cut flowers - both fresh and dried, as they retain their colour. Remove the old smell. That is why the leaves of some aromatic herbs work so well. To be flowers to encourage new flowers to effective, however, it is necessary to develop. Butterflies and bees love the rub the leaves onto the skin, because it flowers. releases their fragrance and leaves the oils on the skin. Try these in pots on

your patio: Lemon balm has lemon-scented leaves which keep all biting insects away. It does best in full sun.

Citronella geranium has a strong fragrance. This hardy perennial grows 80cm high and wide in full sun. Bruise the leaves to release the fragrance.

Sweet basil is not a favourite for mozzies. Rub fresh leaves on your skin as a repellent. The leaves also have an antiseptic action which relieves itching from bites or stings. Basil, especially perennial basil, repels flies too.

Roses for all...

If you want to add more roses to your garden, plant the favourites which gardeners all over love: ‘South Africa’, ‘Kissing Ayoba’, ‘Red Ayoba’, ‘Pearl of Bedfordview’, ‘Purple Glow’ and ‘Germiston Gold’.

Bug patrol Infestations of red and two spotted spidermite have the following symptoms: Fine, pale mottling with small reddish or two spotted mites on the underside of leaves and stem.

In severe cases, a fine silk web will be apparent and leaves lose their green colour. Leaves fall off and such weakened plants may die. Treat with an oil based insecticide.

Remember Diwali, the festival of lights and delight This festival is celebrated by our Hindu friends on November 7th and if you want to give a perfect gift as a token of life and remembrance, make it a Money Tree (Pachira aquatica), otherwise

known as a Malabar chestnut. This is an elegant plant to grow indoors in bright, indirect sunlight.

Bro’s growing in the air!

Airplants (Tillandsias) are part of the epiphytic bromeliads which live off moisture and nutrients in the air. Their roots are insignificant and the hard leaves are mostly grey or white and covered in small scales, which absorb water and food. Probably the most wellknown air plant is Spanish moss or old man’s beard (Tillandsia usneoides), often seen hanging like grey curtains from tree branches. But, there are more than 400 species of these very collectable plants which are so easy to grow. Buy some at your local GCA nursery and display them on pieces of bark on your patio.

Food for the wild ones Keep on planting for birds, bees and butterflies. Wild dagga, (Leonotis leonurus) September bush (Polygala myrtifolia), Egyptian star (Pentas lanceolata) and the wonderful Buddleja ‘Buzz’ range of dwarf butterfly bushes are highly recommended to make your garden come alive!

For more information on bringing Life to your Garden, visit our website www.lifeisagarden.co.za or join the conversation on our Facebook page: www.facebook.com/lifeisagardensa.

Pretoria High Royal Academy of Dance Erin Russell and Amy van Harte entered the Royal Academy of Dance ballet exams earlier this year. Erin achieved 71% for the Intermediate Foundation exam and Amy achieved 70% for the intermediate examination. Amy is taking Dance Studies as an 8th subject at PHSG and Erin will also be doing so from next year.

Amy also participated in the Eisteddfod on the Performing Arts in September and October as well in “Dans in Jou Taal”, a national competition which is televised on Kyknet. For “Dans in Jou Taal”, her 3 groups were announced as winners of the Jazz category, winners of the Contemporary category and Overall National Winners of the show.

Well done on these outstanding achievements!

United Nations of Jujitsu PHSG congratulates Mia Choombe for securing a bronze medal in Ground Work, after participating as part of the SA Presidents Team at the United Nations of Jujitsu World Congress Championship, in Gibraltar during the October school holidays.

She also participated in the South African Jujitsu championships (SAJJC), hosted in Kempton Park where she won a gold medal in Ground Work and a bronze medal in Cumite (Stand-up fighting).

Well done, Mia!

Mia Choombe (right) at the United Nations of Jujitsu World Congress Championship.

PASCH Initiative

On Wednesday, 24 October, the ZfA (Zentra initiative allows Partner Schools in German ideas, letters, e-mails and sometimes even

PHSG, being such a Partner School, was ha and set free approximately 100 bio-degrada

Attached to some of these balloons, are PAS anybody find such a postcard, they are enco goodies.

h School for Girls Consumer Studies Olympiad PHSG is extremely proud of our Grade 12 learner, Shannon Campbell.

Shannon was placed 3rd in the overall Consumer Studies Olympiad that took place from 9 to 10 October.

5000 learners wrote the Olympiad and the top 20 were invited to the Finals, where they wrote a second exam to determine placements.

Shannon was awarded gift vouchers from Prue Leith Academy and Pick and Pay, as well as with various gift bags and recipes books.

Congratulations on this fine achievement!

Shannon Campbell with Consumer Studies Teacher, Mrs Lubie, at the Consumer Studies Olympiad

Old Girls Reunion

The 2018 PHSG Old Girls’ Reunion was a great success! Each year the school hosts a cocktail evening and all past learners are encouraged to attend. The following day is sports and a luncheon for those who have been out of school for 10 years. Good food, drink and conversation was had by all of those who attended and the PHSG Old Girls’ had a lovely time reminiscing about their high school experience at their alma mater.

Traditionally, past learners challenge current learners in a variety of sports, this year the results were as follows: Waterpolo: Old Girls lost 5-4; Netball: Old Girls lost 36-20; Squash: Old Girls won 3 matches to 0; Hockey: Old Girls won 4-0; Volleyball: Old Girls won 4 sets to 0 A big thank you goes out to everyone involved and the PHSG Old Girls’ Association looks forward to welcoming these ladies back for their next reunion.

alstelle fürs Auslandsschulwesen) celebrated the 10th anniversary of the PASCH Initiative. This ny and many German-teaching schools across the globe to interact with each other, exchanging learners.

appy to be part of the celebration. For this event, our German girls gathered in front of the school able balloons in the German colours (red, black and gold).

SCH postcards. Keep an eye out wherever you go for these very valuable postcards. Should ouraged to fill in their details and post it, as you may be the lucky winner of some cool German

Pretoria High School for Girls

Headgirl, Tshegofatso Matlou (left) and Deputy Headgirl Kiese Mpasa (right) with guest speaker, Tessa Grobbelaar.

Matric Valediction 2018

By Grace Mngadi (Grade 12) Matrics and their support structures ascended PBHS school hall, feeling as though it were heaven – little candles lit the steps.

Deputy Headgirl for 2018, Kiese Mpasa, gave a moving speech about what it means to be a woman and moreover, a woman at PHSG. It was poetic and inspiring. Tshegofatso (Tshego) Matlou cried during her “Headgirl” speech and this led to everyone else quietly weeping too, until all laughed at Tshego’s awkward blowing of her nose!

It finally hit everyone that the path at Girls’ High had reached its conclusion for them and the guest speaker, Mrs Grobbelaar, took a no-nonsense approach and pointed out that in order to succeed in life it would take GRIT. Of course, not everyone was going to receive an award, but everyone was happy to support and applaud for the learners who did. They cheered when the best candidates were called up and moaned sympathetically when some of their peers stumbled up or down the unfamiliar staircase.

The girls were charmed by the silver Iris discs and mementoes.

What a lovely little gift from the school! After the 2 hour service, everyone crowded around the tea tables. The highlight, for many, was the support from all the people there. The positivity towards all was palpable.

SPACE INVESTIGATORS

By Yolanda Mtimkulu (Grade 11) and Jasmine Beeforth (Grade 8) 31 Teams competed on Saturday, 13 October 2018, for the opportunity to be able to compete in the National FLL (First Lego League) competition which will be held in Johannesburg from 30 November this year.

PHSG entered 3 Robotics teams, Orbeez, Andromeda and a combined team, Hey,that’s Us!, which is comprised of girls from Girls’ High and boys from PBHS and Maragon College.

This year’s topic was space and the teams chose to resolve various problems encountered by the astronauts. The competitions are platforms for learners to develop innovative thinking for complex problems.

Orbeez took the Strategy and Innovation trophy, Andromeda took Innovative Solution and Hey, That’s Us! took the trophy as overall winners.

Of the 31 teams that competed on the day, 8 were chosen to compete in Nationals at Sci-Bono, in Johannesburg. This includes Hey, That’s Us! and Orbeez.

Orbeez winning the Robot Strategy and Innovation Prize

Night of the Proms

By Jasmine Beeforth (Grade 8) On 10 October, the day of the school’s birthday, the “Night of the Proms” was held in the lovely Hall, to celebrate the birthday of PHSG and to welcome Mrs Erasmus as the new principal.

Rousing music was played by the orchestra and ensembles and there was further colour added by the senior and junior dance groups as well as the choirs.

A poem was dedicated to Mrs Erasmus to conclude the items.

The night then ended with many thankyou’s and gifts given to all those involved in the organisation of the events, as well as many tearful farewells to the Matrics of 2018.

Community Ch@

Anon

Bohemian Rhapsody

Status Update

Sci-fi, Thriller, Speculative Fiction

Biopic, Musical, Drama

Young Adult, Comedy, Romance What if your posts became a reality?

Anonymity is the enemy In a world where there is no privacy or anonymity, even our private memories are recorded, and crime ceases to exist—almost. In trying to solve a series of murders, Sal Frieland stumbles onto a young woman who appears to have subverted the system and gone off-grid. She has no identity, no history and no record. Sal realises that crime may not be over, but only just beginning. Known only as “The Girl,’ she must be found before Sal becomes the next victim.

Release date: 16 Nov

The only thing more extraordinary than their music is his story.

Bohemian Rhapsody is a foot-stomping celebration of Queen, their music and their extraordinary lead singer Freddie Mercury, who defied stereotypes and shattered convention to become one of the most beloved entertainers on the planet. The film traces the meteoric rise of the band through their iconic songs and revolutionary sound, their near-implosion as Mercury’s lifestyle spirals out of control, and their triumphant reunion on the eve of Live Aid, where Mercury, facing a life-threatening illness, leads the band in one of the greatest performances in the history of rock music. In the process, cementing the legacy of a band that were always more like a family, and who continue to inspire outsiders, dreamers and music lovers to this day.

Release date: 30 Nov

When Kyle, a social outcast, happens upon a magical phone app that causes anything he posts to come true, he uses it to create his idea of the “perfect” life. He even wins the affection of the two most beautiful girls in school, Dani and Charlotte.

However, he soon learns that the life he created is far from perfect, and that being yourself, imperfections and all, is the only way to find true happiness in life.

Release date: 30 Nov

What to Read...

A Map of Days Ransom Riggs Having defeated the monstrous threat that nearly destroyed the peculiar world, Jacob Portman is back where his story began, in Florida. Except now Miss Peregrine, Emma, and their peculiar friends are with him, and doing their best to blend in. But carefree days of beach visits and normal ling lessons are soon interrupted by a discovery –a subterranean bunker that belonged to Jacob’s grandfather, Abe. Clues to Abe’s double-life as a peculiar operative start to emerge, secrets long hidden in plain sight. And Jacob begins to learn about the dangerous legacy he has inherited –truths that were part of him long before he walked into Miss Peregrine’s time loop. Now, the stakes are higher than ever as Jacob and his friends are thrust into the untamed landscape of American peculiardom–a world with few ymbrynes, or rules –that none of them understand. New wonders, and dangers, wait in this brilliant next chapter for Miss Peregrine’s peculiar children. Their story is again illustrated by haunting vintage photographs, now with the striking addition of full-colour images interspersed throughout for this all-new, multi-era American adventure.

Someday David Levithan Every day a new body. Every day a new life. Every day a new choice.

For as long as A can remember, life has meant waking up in a different person’s body every day, forced to live as that person until the day has ended. A always thought there wasn’t anyone else who was like this. A was wrong.

Someday starts where Every Day left off. David Levithan takes readers further into the lives of A and Rhiannon, exploring more deeply what Every Day and Another Day had originally asked: What is a soul? What makes us human? And does gender matter when it comes to love?

Publisher: Penguin Random House

57

Young Entertainment

Two Tails Adventure, Animated, Family, Children’s The story of the incredible adventures of two friends—Max the cat and Bob the beaver. It would be difficult to find heroes who’re more unlike each other! Conservative Bob likes peace and quiet, while Max is a fidget seeking fame and fortune. Regardless, it’s this duo that will have to repel the invasion of alien animal hunters and become famous for the whole galaxy!

Release date: 09 Nov

Ralph Breaks the Internet Adventure, Animated, Comedy, Family, Gaming, Children’s Ralph is back, and this time he’s wreaking havoc all over cyberspace!

Release date: 30 Nov

November Reading

Amelia Fang and the Memory Thief

Ladybird Tales of Adventurous Girls

Unbelievably Boring Bart

Laura Ellen Anderson

Ladybird

James Patterson

Meet Amelia Fang!

Everyone’s favourite little vampire.

Girls can save the day too, and they always have... Join six adventurous girls from around the world as they use their wits, courage and strength to overcome the odds in this colourful, illustrated collection of Ladybird Tales.

Invisible creatures are attacking the school, and 12-year-old Bartholomew Bean is the only one who can stop them! Okay, so maybe Bart is only a hero in the video game app he created. But if he reveals his identity as the genius behind the game, he’ll become the most popular kid in school! Or he could secretly use the game to get back at his bullies...

Amelia and her friends are taking part in a competition to visit Pumpkin Paradise Park –the most blood curdingly brilliant theme park ever! All they have to do is sell as many cookies as possible. But the creatures of Nocturniahas begun to act very strangely . . . No one can seem to remember anything –including their own names or even Amelia’s big birth night party! Where have everyone’s memories gone? And how can Amelia save them when they have all forgotten who she is?

Gretel and Hansel, Tamashaand the Troll, Tokoyo and the Sea Serpent, Chandra and the Elephants, Sea Girl and the Golden Key, The Snow Queen Perfect for bedtime, to read aloud or enjoy alone, these empowering tales show that girls can be the heroes of any story. Includes a special Introduction from award-winning author Jacqueline Wilson.

Publisher: Penguin Random House

Press Button A: Reveal Press Button B: Revenge Which would you choose?

November Music History November 1 , 1994 – Nirvana releases a recording of their now legendary MTV unplugged performance. st

November 2nd, 1920 – KDKA in Pittsburgh becomes the first commercially licenced radio station in the United States although not the first to go on air.

November 3rd, 1977 - Elton John announces his retirement during a concert at London’s Empire Pool. He returns to the music industry within a year and a half.

November 4th, 1980 - A sick Bob Marley is baptized a “Christian Rastafarian” at Kingston, Jamaica’s Ethiopian Orthodox Church.

opens on Broadway at the Ne

November 14th, 1828 - Beetho Quartet Op. 131 for Schubert death.

November 15th, 1956 - Elvis Pr Me Tender” premieres at the York City, the film is a civil wa called The Reno Brothers, bu major star during the shoot it and the king gets top billing.

November 5th, 1938 - The first performance of Samuel Barber’s Adagio for Strings and Essay for Orchestra No.1

November 16th, 2002 - Texan Bonderman, hires the Rolling birthday party held at the Ha The band’s fee is $7.3 million.

November 6th, 1975 - The Sex Pistols play their first ever gig opening for the band Bazooka Joe at St. Martin’s School of Art in London. Bazooka Joe’s lead singer, Stuart Goddard, is so inspired by the set that he drops out of art school and takes the name Adam Ant.

November 18th, 1990 - Paul M sells for $18,000 in an auction

November 17th, 1967 - Davey tambourine player of the Mo Boutique in Greenwich Villag

November 7th, 1951 - Frank Sinatra marries his second November 19th, 1996 - DJ Shad wife, actress Ava Gardner, the couple split up in 1953 and album “Endtroducing…” is re divorces in 1957.

Records, featuring diverse sa Soundbites to Bjork.

November 8th, 1887 - Thomas Edison patents the gramophone.

November 20th, 1971 - Isaac H run at number 1 on the US sin November 9th, 1963 - The Kingsmen release “Louie, Theme of Shaft and reaches n Louie”. eventually wins a Grammy aw th November 10 , - 1969 - Gene Autry’s “Rudolph The Redscore with “Theme from Sha Nosed Reindeer” is certified gold. It had been released November 21st, 1983 - Movie twenty years earlier.

Jackson’s “Thriller” video in L November 11th, 1965 - The Velvet Underground makes November 22nd, 1956 - Paul Si its debut performance at a high school in Summit, New make their first appearance o Jersey.

“Bandstand” in their earlier i November 12th, 1966 - Teens on Los Angeles’ Sunset playing their minor hit “Hey L

Strip protesting a recent curfew are beaten by police, inspiring Stephen Stills to write The Buffalo Springfield hit “For what it’s Worth”.

November 23rd, 1956 - Police arrest Jerry Lee Lewis outside the gates of Graceland after his showing up for the second time that night and making a scene by shouting, waving a pistol and demanding to see Elvis Presley.

November 24th, 1957 - In a clear prelude to his coming November 12th, 1997 - “The Christian direction, the Jewish born Bob Dylan plays Lion King” musical officially tonight’s gig in Fort Worth, Texas wearing a large gold ew Amsterdam theatre. cross around his neck.

oven plays his Fourteenth November 25th, 1968 - The Beatles experimental double four days before Schubert’s white album is released in the US. Featuring “Ob-La-Di, Ob-la-da” “Dear Prudence” “Helter Skelter” “Blackbird” and “Back in the USSR”. Despite mixed critical reviews resley’s first movie “Love the album spent 101 weeks on the US Chart peaking at e Paramount Theatre in New number 1. ar drama that was originally ut when Elvis becomes a November 26th, 2008 - Guns n Roses Chinese Democracy t is retitled after his hit song album fails to achieve massive first week sales numbers and Axl Rose blames Dr Pepper for not having honoured its promise made back in March 2008 when the soda multi-billionaire, David company offered everybody in the US a free can of soda g Stones to play at his 60th if Guns N Roses finally released the album, which had ard Rock Hotel in Las Vegas. been promised to fans for years. .

November 27th, 1999 - Influential independent rock icons y Jones, vocalist and Pavement announces that they have broken up. During onkees, opens his Zilch I their show at London’s Brixton Academy, band member ge, NY. Stephen Malkmus tells the crowd that the show will be McCartney’s birth certificate the bands last. n.

November 28th, 1943 - Randy Newman is born. dow’s phenomenal debut November 29th, 1975 - The infinitely epic “Bohemian eleased by MO ‘Wax Rhapsody” by Queen reaches number one on the US amples from Xanadu Billboard Charts and number 45 in the UK.

Hayes starts a two week ngles chart with the iconic number 4 in the UK. Hayes ward for best original film aft”.

e theatres premiere Michael Los Angeles.

imon and Art Garfunkel on ABC-TV’s dance show incarnation as Tom & Jerry, Little Schoolgirls”

November 30, 1994 - Tupac Shakur was shot 5 times during a robbery outside a New York City recording studio. He survives the shooting but it killed two years later in Las Vegas. Two days later a jury found him guilty of sexually abusing a woman, but they acquit him of the more serious sex and weapons charge.

Dracul

Past Tense

Dacre Stoker and J. D. Barker

Lee Child

It is 1868, and a 22-year-old Bram Stoker has locked himself inside an abbey’s tower to face off against a vile and ungodly beast. He is armed with mirrors and crucifixes and holy water and a gun –and is kept company by a bottle of plum brandy. His fervent prayer is that he will survive this one night –a night that will prove to be the longest of his life.

Jack Reach the autum trip across to Californ On a coun New Engla a sign to a been -the was born. extra day?

At the very by, a car b young Can get to New treasure. T a lonely m of nowher place… bu next morn office, Rea old family one named in that tow father nev wonders, w the first pl

Desperate to leave a record of what he has witnessed, the young man scribbles out the events that brought him to this point –and tells an extraordinary tale of childhood illness, a mysterious nanny, and stories once thought to be fables now proven true. A riveting, heart-stoppingly scary novel of Gothic suspense, Dracul reveals not only the true origins of Dracula himself, but also of his creator, Bram Stoker and of the elusive, enigmatic woman who connects them.

So begins adrenaline for Reache be tense, b worse. Tha

e

her plans to follow mn sun on an epic road s America, from Maine nia. He doesn’t get far. ntry road deep in the and woods, he sees a place he has never town where his father He thinks, what’s one ? He takes the detour. y same moment, close breaks down. Two nadians are trying to w York City to sell a They’re stranded at motel in the middle re. It’s a strange ut it’s all there is. The ning in the city clerk’s acher asks about the home. He’s told no d Reacher ever lived wn. He knows his ver went back. Now he was he ever there in lace?

another nail-biting, e-fuelled adventure er. The present can but the past can be at’s for damn sure.

SKY GUIDE Africa South –2019

The Flame

Astronomical Society of Southern Africa

Leonard Cohen

Sky Guide Africa South 2019 is a practical resource for all astronomers, whether they be novice, amateur or professional.

It covers the upcoming year’s planetary movements, predicted eclipses, meteor showers –any events and facets of the night sky that change annually. Star charts plot the evening sky for each season, facilitating the identification of stars and constellations.

The guide contains a wealth of information about the Sun, Moon, planets, comets, meteors and bright stars, with photos, diagrams, charts and images. There’s also an excellent list of useful websites and a comprehensive glossary.

This annual publication is an invaluable guide for anyone who has even a passing interest in the night skies of southern Africa and is ‘… an absolute must for first-time star-gazers and professional astronomers alike’.

R450.00 The Flame is a stunning collection of Leonard Cohen’s last poems and writings, selected and ordered by Cohen in the final months of his life.

The book contains an extensive selection from Cohen’s notebooks, featuring lyrics, prose pieces and illustrations, which he kept in poetic form throughout his life, and offers an unprecedentedly intimate look inside the life and mind of a singular artist and thinker.

An enormously powerful final chapter in Cohen’s storied literary career, The Flame showcases the full range of Leonard Cohen’s lyricism, from the exquisitely transcendent to the darkly funny. By turns devastatingly sad and winningly strange, these are the works of a poet and lyricist who has plumbed the depths of our darkest questions and come up wanting, yearning for more.

Publisher: Penguin Random House

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november Birthdays

Matthew David McConaughey was born on November 4, 1969, in Uvalde, Texas.

Art Garfunkel. Arthur Ira Garfunkel (born November 5, 1941) is an American singer, poet, math teacher and actor. He is best known for his partnership with Paul Simon in the folk rock duo Simon & Garfunkel.

Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio was born on November 11, 1974, in Los Angeles. He is the only child of Irmelin (née Indenbirken), a legal secretary, and George DiCaprio, an underground commix artist and producer and distributor of comic books. DiCaprio’s father is of Italian (from Alife) and German (from Bavaria) descent.

Anne Jacqueline Hathaway (born November 12, 1982) is an American actress and singer. One of the world’s highest-paid actresses in 2015, she has received multiple awards, including an Academy Award, a Golden Globe, a British Academy Film Award, and an Emmy. Her films have earned $6.4 billion worldwide, and she appeared in the Forbes Celebrity 100 in 2009.

12th November Ryan Thomas Gosling is a Canadian actor and musician. He began his career as a child star on the Disney Channel’s The Mickey Mouse Club and went on to appear in other family entertainment programs including Are You Afraid of the Dark? and Goosebumps.

Born November 13, 1969, in Paisley, Scotland, Gerard Butler is an actor best known for his role as King Leonidas of

Sparta in 300. Since a film, he has starred in comedies, including P

14 November Joshua D November 14, 1972) is and former fashion mo modelling work, he ma as Leo du Pres on the opera All My Children Danny McCoy on NBC

15 November Shailene Diann Woodl 15, 1991) is an Americ activist. After early ac earned her two Young nominations, Woodley leading role as Amy J Family television serie the American Teenage

17 November Rachel A November 17, 1978) is After graduating from program at York Unive worked in Canadian te productions such as th Pie (2002), for which Award nomination, the Name Is Tanino (2002 series Slings and Arro won a Gemini Award.

18 November Actor Owen Cunningha born on November 18, Texas, the son of a ph advertising executive.

appearing in the n several romantic P.S

David Duhamel (born s an American actor odel. After various ade his acting debut e ABC daytime soap and later starred as C’s Las Vegas.

ley (born November can actress and cting roles that g Artist Award y rose to fame for her Juergens on the ABC es The Secret Life of er (2008–13).

smooth, subdued comedic personas and his rakishly crooked nose, Wilson grew up alongside two other future actors: brothers Andrew and Luke.

22 November Scarlett Johansson is an actress best known for her work in films like Lost in Translation, The Nanny Diaries, Vicky Cristina Barcelona, The Avengers and Hitchcock.

23 November Miley Cyrus is a pop singer and actress. She is most famous for her role as the lead in Disney Channels TV show Hannah Montana. She also gained fame as singer under the name Hannah Montana and, later, Miley Cyrus.

24 November A little over 10 years ago, Katherine Heigl was at the height of her career. The then-28-year-old actress had just starred in Judd Apatows big broAnne McAdams (born com “Knocked Up,” and earned an Emmy a Canadian actress. for her Shonda Rhimes-certified role as m a four-year theatre Dr. Izzie Stevens on “Greys Anatomy,” ersity in 2001, she when she was cast as the lead in “27 elevision and film Dresses.” he drama film Perfect 30 November Singer-songwriter William she received a Genie Martin “Billy” Joel was born in the Bronx, e comedy film My New York, on May 9, 1949, to Howard and 2), and the comedy Rosalind Joel. Shortly after he was born, ows, for which she the family moved to a section of America’s famous “first suburb,” Levittown on Long Island. am Wilson was , 1968, in Dallas, hotographer and an . Known now for his

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NOVEMBER 2018 Monday

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