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Md;kPfr; Rlhpd; mUs;kly; gz;Gilahh; gl;Lz;L cyF ,e;j itafk; epdW ; epiyg;gjw;F ,iwaUSk; ,iwj;jd;ik tha; e ; j gz; G ilahUk; fhuzk; vdyhk; . gz; g py; y hjth; f shy; tUk; Jd;gj;ij ehk; gy;NtW tbtq;fspy; tho;tpy; re;jpf;fpNwhk;. gz;Gilath;fshy; ehk; thOk; kz;zpy; ey;ytw;iw re;jpf;fpNwhk;. fhyj;Jf;Ff; fhyk; kdpjh; f spy; gz; G ilath; f s; rpyh; tho;tjdhy; kio nga;fpwJ. kdpjk; epidt+l; l g; g LfpwJ. rpyh; nry; t j; j pdhYk; cah; gjtpfspdhYk; nrUf;Fw;W rpf;fpj;jtpg;gh;.xU rpyh; gzpAkhk; ngUik vd;w gf;Ftj;ij jk; tho;ehspy; NgZth;.

cz;ikia tpsq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; rpyh; vk;kj;jpapy; tho;e;J nfhz;bUg;gJ MWjy; mspf;fpwJ. vk; r%fj; j py; ,d; W Mya topghL rw;W mUfp tUtJ ftiy jUk; nra; j pahFk; . nts;spf;fpoikfspy; $l Mya topghl;bw;F Neuk; xJf;fhjth;fs; mjpfhpj;Jf;nfhz;L Nghfpwhh;fs;.

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SATGURU BODHINATHA VEYLAN SWAMI The spiritual leader of Kauai Aadheenam is Satguru Bodhinatha Veylanswami.

He has been the monastery's head since the founder, Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami, attained mahasamadhi, his great departure, in 2001.

Subramuniyaswami, known affectionately as Gurudeva, designated Bodhinatha, a disciple for 37 years, as his successor.

Every few years he conducts Innersearch Travel-Study Programs, taking pilgrims to India, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Cambodia and, most recently, to the Hindumajority island of Mauritius in 2015.

In 2011 he was honored by the Sivacharyas of India for overseeing a three-year project that digitized over a million inscribed palm leaves to preserve and share with the world ten thousand deteriorating manuscripts, including Saiva Agamas and other important scriptures.

Additionally, he guides the financial and administrative staff of four major nonprofit organizations, including the ten-milliondollar Hindu Heritage Endowment, for which he was the principal architect under Gurudeva's guidance.

Satguru Bodhinatha Veylanswami Most of the year finds him on the island of Kauai, where he oversees the varied publications of Himalayan Academy and serves as publisher of the international magazine Hinduism Today. At the 382acre monastery-temple complex, he trains the younger monks in their service duties and spiritual practices, and guides the lives of hundreds of families around the globe.

Following in Gurudeva's footsteps, he works informally with Kauai leaders to perpetuate the island's aloha spirit of love and friendliness and to help the community achieve greater sustainability.

ADDITIONAL BACKGROUND Born in Berkeley, California, on October 15, 1942, Bodhinatha began studying Vedanta and meditation in 1960, soon developing a deep interest in monastic life.

He met Gurudeva at the Mountain Desert Monastery in September of 1964 in Virginia City, Nevada, while still in school. At this first meeting he stated his desire to realize God. Gurudeva brought him close quickly by having him stay in the San Francisco monastery on weekends. When school was completed in June, 1965, Bodhinatha moved full time into the monastery and took his sadhaka vows a few months later in August at age 22.

Bodhinatha is immersed in a series of educational projects and international seminars that focus on bringing religious instruction to Hindu youth, and on pamphlets and books that present Gurudeva's teachings in thoughtful, step-bystep style. A recent project produced the first two books of the series Hindu Children's Modern Stories. Volume One, Ten Tales About Self-Control, and Volume Two, Ten Tales About Religious Life, are based on the yamas and niyamas, Hinduism's ethical restraints and religious observances.

Bodhinatha managed Gurudeva's Master Course Correspondence Study from the Nevada monastery in the late 60s, guiding hundreds of students in their initial explorations of yoga, meditation, mysticism and Hindu metaphysics. He was in the initial group of four monks who moved with Gurudeva to Kauai to establish Kauai Aadheenam in February, 1970. Later that year, Gurudeva took him to Sri Lanka and introduced him to the Jaffna Saivite culture and worship. He worked closely with

Bodhinatha travels intensely, teaching Hinduism and consecrating major Hindu temples around the world. He has personally blessed the openings of temples in North America, Australia and India. Communities across the United States, Canada, the Caribbean, South Asia and elsewhere have brought him to speak to their devotees.

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Gurudeva from 1970 to the present as Vice President of Gurudeva's several nonprofit corporations and one of the stewards guiding the life of the monks, their activities, publications and projects, responsible directly for all financial, legal and administrative matters.

designated, with Bodhinatha being the first, followed by Palaniswami and then Ceyonswami.

Gurudeva was on retreat for three years from 1997 to 1999, absorbed in completing his legacy work, the Master Course trilogy. During those years, he vowed not to leave the island of Kauai. Therefore, Gurudeva asked Bodhinantha to represent him and to travel more frequently to the USA, India, Malaysia, Singapore and Mauritius to visit members, students and devotees. He met them in small and large groups, giving private and public talks and holding satsangs. Activities during these years included taking members and younger monks on pilgrimage to major temples in Tamil Nadu, visiting ashrams in Karnataka and spending time at our Bangalore carving site for the Iraivan Temple. In 1997 Gurudeva initiated Bodhinatha as Paramacharya, which empowered him to give the first Saivite initiation of Samaya Diksha, also known as Mantra Diksha, and gave him the name Bodhinatha, which means "lord of wisdom" or "chief among the awakened ones." During his 1997 travels, he gave Samaya Diksha to members in Mauritius, Malaysia, Singapore and India.

In March, 1972, he received sannyas diksha in a powerful ceremony at which a number of monastics were initiated by Gurudeva at his Sri Subramuniya Ashram in Alaveddy, Sri Lanka. He received from Gurudeva the name Veylanswami a few weeks later at the Murugan Temple in Palani Hills. After helping Gurudeva take 72 pilgrims on the round-the-world 1972 India Odyssey Innersearch to many temples and ashrams in India and other nations, he was sent by Gurudeva to live, meditate and do special sadhanas for six months at the Sri Subramuniya Ashram in Alaveddy. He stayed six months at the Sri Subramuniya Ashram again in 1974. During this period, totaling one year in the homeland of the Kailasa Parampara's tradition, he was able to visit many times for worship and meditation Paramaguru Yogaswami's hut in Columbuthurai, the Sivathondan Nilayam on KKS Road, the famous Nallur Murugan Temple, the Kumbalavalai Pillaiyar Temple, Katirgamam in the South, as well as numerous other places of worship. Though Yogaswami passed in 1964, his shishya Markanduswami was still living, and Bodhinatha was able to spend time with this remarkable direct disciple on a number of occasions.

In 1999-2001 Gurudeva was again traveling on monthlong programs, such as the Innersearch Travel Study Programs to Alaska, the Caribbean and Northern Europe, and to the United Nations Millennium Summit of Religious and Spiritual Leaders. He was again away from his normal duties at the Aadheenam during his three month recovery from a hiking injury suffered on December 5, 2000. Bodhinatha was the senior monk in charge in Gurudeva's absence, responsible for conducting the monks' morning meditations, giving talks to the monks as well as presenting the semiweekly discourses in Kadavul Hindu Temple for devotees.

In preparation for beginning his first teaching mission, he was directed by Gurudeva to spend nine months living in complete solitude as a hermit in a thatched hut on a small oceanfront parcel on the Kona Coast of Hawaii where he performed intense daily worship and meditation during most of 1977. Later, in 1982, he began to serve in a senior administrative capacity at Kauai Aadheenam, also accompanying Gurudeva on lecture tours to Mauritius, Malaysia and Singapore. In 1988, Bodhinatha spent six months on pilgrimage in India, spending time worshiping and meditating at ashrams and temples from as far north as Rishikesh to Tiruchendur in the South. Upon returning to Kauai, he received acharya diksha from Gurudeva, becoming the first acharya of Gurudeva's Order.

On October 21, 2001, the tenth evening of Gurudeva's 32-day prayopavesha fast, Gurudeva asked Bodhinatha to come to his bedside which all the monks had gathered around. He sent for his aadheenakartar pendant, the symbol of the spiritual head of Kauai Aadheenam, then placed it lovingly on Bodhinatha's neck. He took his beautiful golden Namasivaya bracelet and softly clasped it on Bodhinatha's wrist. It was a gracious moment, and no one in the room missed its importance. Gurudeva then removed one of his rings and placed it on his successor's finger stating that his name would be Satguru Bodhinatha Veylanswami, then declaring, "You are the guru now."

From 1993 onwards Gurudeva entrusted to Bodhinatha the formation and development of the Hindu Heritage Endowment, which will support Hinduism and the church far into the future.

In 1995 a new version of the Church's manual, called the Saiva Dharma Shastras, was published in which, for the first time, Gurudeva named his successors. Three were

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kiwe;j> khkd;wj;jpd; Kd;idehs; jiytUk; ek;gpf;ifg;nghWg;ghsu;rigj; jiytuhfTk; jpfo;e;j kdpjNeakhkdpju; mkuu; jpU.tp.fapyhrgps;is mtu;fspd; KjyhtJ Mz;L epidTepfo;tpidnahl;b> jkpo;ehl;bd; jiyrpwe;j gl;bkd;w Ngr;rhsuhfpa jpUkjp ghujp gh];fu; mtu;fs; vy;NyhUk; ,d;Gw;wpUf;f “kdpjNeak;” vd;Dk; njhdpg;nghUspy; 11-03-2018 Qhapw;Wf;fpoik fhiy> gk;gyg;gpl;b ru];tjp kz;lgj;jpy; epidTg;NgUiuapid epfo;j;jTs;shu;. ,tu; nrd;id mofg;gu; njhopy;El;gf; fy;Y}upapy; Ntjpg;nghwpQu; gl;lKk; (B.Tech in Chemical Engineering)> mz;zh gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; tzpf Nkyhz;ik KJfiyg; gl;lKk; (MBA) ngw;whu;. rpl;b tq;fpapy; Jizj; jiytu; gjtpapy; ,Ue;J gzp nra;fpwhu; vd;gJk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

fw;NfhapNy

mZr;rf;jpapd; gpwg;gplk; gz;bjh; tp.eNlrd; mth;fs;

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Mifahy; cyf taJf; F hpa gioa fw; f s; nghJthf njd;dpe;jpahtpYk; rpwg;ghf jkpofj;jpYk; cz;L vd;gJ cz;ik: kpfg; gioa Nfhapy; kuj;jhy; nra;ag;gl;bUf;fyhk;. ,t;Tz;ikiag; gpdg; w;wpNa kf;fs; ,d;iwf;Fk; Nfhapyf; is kuj;jbapYk;> FbirfspYk;> Mw; w q; f iuapYk; mikf; f pd; w dh; . ntWk; Gfo; r ; r p ,y; i y.,ij czh;e;j ek; %jhijah; Myaj;jpw;Nf chpa rf;jp nghUe;jpa mZrf;jp epuk;gpa Mw;wy; kpf;f fy;iyAk; kz;izAk; nghWf;fpr; rPh; J}f;fp Nfhapyf; is jf;f ,lq;fspy; Gz;zpa ehspYk; Gdpj NfhspYk; rikj;jdh;. “#hpadpypUe;J tpOe;j xU ghfNk G+kp: G+kpapypUe;J tpOe;j xU ghfNk re;jpud;” vd;gh;. Mjyhy; Nfhapy;fspd; rf;jp tpsf;fTk; ngUf;fTk; ehSk; NfhSk; ed;Fzh;eN ; j ey;K$h;jj; j;jpy; Myaj;jpwF ; mbNfhypdh;>mDrf;jp tsUk; rf;jp my;yth?

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

njd;dpe;jpaf; Nfhapy;fs;: Nfhapy; vDk; nghJg;ngaiuj; jd; rpwg;Gg; ngauhf;fpaJ jpy; i yf; Nfhapy; . vy; y hg; G+jq; f Sf; F k; ,Ug; g plk; Mfhak;. mjw;Fhpa Myakhfr; rpjk;guj;ij Mf;fpdh; %jwpQh; . KJikf; F k; KOikf; F k; jpy; i ytdk; vLj;Jf;fhl;lhFk;: ve;ehl;lth;f;Fk; ,iwahk; $j;jg;ngUkhd; vOe;jUspapUf;Fk; ,lk; rpjk;guNk vd;gh;. gy Rak;G %h;j;jpfs; vOe;jUspAs;s epyg;gug;Gk; njd; d pe; j pahthk; . gQ; r G+j ]; j yq; f s; kpf; f gok; gjpfshk; : jpUg; g jpfshk; : rf; j p epiwe; J s; s dthk; . mZrf; j p gpwf; F kplq; f shk; : jP i kafw; W k; rf; j pf; F ,Ug; g plq; f shk; : kdk; thf; F fhaq; f isr; Rj; j p nra; A k; ngUe; jP tshplq; f shk; : ntg; g k; jl; g kha; tpsq; F kplq; f shk; : kf; f sJ Njh\q; f isg; Nghf; F k; kUe;Jf; fsq;fshk;: clw; gpzpf;Fk;> caph; gpzpf;Fk; kUe;Js;s ,lq;fshk;. njd;dpe;jpa fw;Nfhapypy; cs;s Rak;G %h;j;jpfSk; kiyfSk; kpfj; njhd;ikAilad vd; g J rhpj; j pu cz; i k: tpQ; Q hdpfSk; cld; g l; l cz;ik.

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ïªJ xË

Nrhou;fNs.kJiuapy; fiyf;fsQ;rpakhk; NrhkRe;juf; flTspd; NfhapiyAk; kPdhl;rpak;ikahh; Myaj;ijAk; fl;bath; ghz;bah;. gj;jpdpf; flTshfpa fz;zfpf;Ff; Nfhapy; fl;batd; Nrud; Nrh;e;J fl;baJ godpkiyf; Nfhapy; : godpkiy Nruuh[;a tuk;Gf;Fk; ghz;ba uh[;a vy;iyf;Fk; ,ilapy; cs;sJ.Mjyhy; ,UngUe;jkpo; kd;dUk; Ngj Gj;jpapdw ; p godpf; Nfhapiyf; fl;bf; fhj;jdh;.,d;Wk; kiyahs uh[htpd; khdpak; godpf;F cz;L. Nfhapy; fl;baJ Vd;? Kw;fhyj;jpy; Jyhghuk;> gpwe;j ehs;tpoh Nfhapypy; ele;jd.mit ahtiuAk; Nfhapypy; $lr;nra;jd.CUk; ehLk; $Lk;. Re;ju ghz;bad; jd; Jyhghuj; i jr; rpjk; g uj; j py; nfhz; l hbdhd; . ]; j y ahj; j piu nra; j Ntw; w urh; f Sk; rpw; w urh; f Sk; jk; gpwe;jehs; nfhz;lhl;lk; nra;a mth;jk; ngauhy; tpohf;fs; Mz;LNjhWk; elf;f epjp itj;jdh;.,we;Njhh; Kj;jp ngwTk; Aj;jj;jpy; jhk; ntw;wp ngwTk; jhdq;fs; jUkq;fs; toq;fg;gl;ld.Vw;gLj;jg;gl;ld. tpahjp eP q ; f Tk; >N~kk; milaTk; > nry; t k; kypaTk; tho; t py; re; N jh\k; ngwTk; NfhapYf; F epte;jkspg;gJ tof;fk;.,e;jpa r%fj;jpw;Fk; nghUshjhu epiyf;Fk; jdpg;gz;ghl;bw;Fk; Vw;g ,e;Jf;Nfhapypd; kz; l gk; > J}z; > tpkhdk; > Fsk; > ieNtj; j pak; G+ Kjypad mike;Js;sd.,e;jpaf; fyhr;rhuk; Nfhapypy; ghpzkpff; pwJ: tk;r rhpjk; $WfpwJ.gioa tuyhW mwpAk; khzth;fSf;Ff; NfhapNy jf;f fUtpahFk;. vz;zhpa Nfhapy;fs; cs;ehl;Lr; rhpj;jpuk; mwpa J}z;Lk; fy; E}y;fs; vdyhk;. xU rpW fpuhkj;jpYk; Nfhapy;,y;yhky; ,y;iy.”Nfhapypy;yh Chpy; FbapUf;f Ntz;lh: jpUf;Nfhapypy;yhj; jpUtpy; CUk;” vd;gd mDgt nghd; nkhopfs; my;yth? fhl;il ntl;b ehl;il rikj;j Nguuru;fs; Nfhapiy eLtz; mikj;Nj efuk; fz;ldh;.xt;nthU fpuhkKk; NfhapNyhL G+h;jj; pahfpdw ; J. kjk; rkurk;> nghUshjhuk; nfhz;l kf;fs; tho;tpy; ,f;Nfhapy;fs; ngUk; gq;fhspfs; vdy; kpifad;W. njd; d pe; j pahtpy; cs; s gy Nfhapy; f s; ngUk; murh;fshy; jk;; Aj;j ntw;wpr; rpdd ; khfTk; kjj;jpwf; hfTk; gf;jpf;fhfTk; fl;lg;gl;lit.Kw;fhy murpay; mwpaTk; Nfhapw; rpyhrhrdk; cjTfpwJ. rkhjhd cld;gbf;if Nfhapy; kjpw; Rth;fspy; gjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf $WNthk;. jpUte;jpg;Guk; Nfhapypd; fy;nyOj;Jf;fs; ngUQ; rpq;fuh[h> uh[uh[Nrhod; 3 vd;gtidr; Nrh;e;j kq;fsj;jpy; gpbj;jjhfTk; i`rhy kd;ddhfpa eurpkk ; d; 2 ngUQ; r pq; f id cijj; J r; Nrhoid kWgbAk; mhpahrdk; mkh;j;jpajhfTk; ,yq;if guhf;fpukghFit rz;ilapy; nfhd;wjhfTk; $Wfpd;wd. ehl; b d; mikjpiaAk; fyfj; i jAk; nghwpj; j fy; n tl; L fYk; cs; s d.ntspahh; gilnaOr; r piaj; jLf; F k; muz; f shf Nfhapy; f s; ,Ue; j d.murdJ Vtyhsh; NfhapiyAk; epjpiaAk; ghJfhj; j dh; . ‘rq;fueuk ey;Y}hpy;(Nfhitapy; cs;sJ) NfhapiyAk; 8

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

NfhGuj;ijAk; mh;r;rfh;fisAk; Nghh;tP u h;fs; ghJfhj;jdh;” vdf; fy;ntl;nlhd;W $WfpwJ.jpUthyPrk; (jpUney; N typapYs; s J) ‘%d; W if’ kfhNridahy; NfhapYk; Ntiyf; f huUk; fhf; f g; g l; l dh; vd; W xU fy;ntl;by; nghwpj;Js;sJ. ngUq; F sk; (jpUney; N typapAs; s J)Nfhapiyg; ngUk;gilahUk; tyq;if kfhNridahUk; fhj;jdh;.” vdf; fy;ntl;bYs;sJ.vdNt kf;fSk; kd;dUk; $l;LwT Kaw;rpahYk; NgUiog;ghYk; fl;bg; nghJTilikahfr; nra;jitNa fw;Nfhapy;fs;:mit murh;f;Fk; Mz;bw;Fk; chpikg;nghUsha; jpfo;e;jd: muruJ NguhjuT ngw;W tpsq;fpd: murNd Kjy; Ngh\fdha; Vw;W tPw;wpUe;jhd;: Mjyhy; thp nrYj;jhj tay;fisAk; epyq;fisAk; tsh;r;rpf;fhfg; ngw;W Nfhapy;fs; Jyq;fpd. r%fg; nghUshjhuk; [dq;fspd; nghUshjhu tho;tpy; ngUQ;Nrit Ghpej; d Nfhtpy;fs;>Nfhapy; xU Kjyhsp :nfhs;is yhgkilahf; fhUz;a Rf[Ptp: nghpa epyr;Rthd;jhh;.,y;iy cyf [kPd;jhuhf tpsq;Fk; mk;gy mwtp>gy njhopyhspfSf;F Ntiy nfhLj;Jjtp> gpiog;Gf;F topfhl;ba ngU topfhl;b: tptrhapfSf;F Copak; je;J nghpa epyg;gug;gpid cOJ gaph; nra;J kf;fsJ grpgg; pzpia Nghf;fpa jpUnew;Fd;Wfs; Nfhapy;fs: fhyj;jpw;Nfw;g rpW epyj;ijg; ngUepykhf;fp kf;fs; FbapUg;Gf; Fhpa newpfisf; fz;lit Nfhapy;fs; ghiy epyj;ijg; gad;gLj;jpg; gl;lzkhf;fp tPby;yhky; tho; e ; j Viofisf; FbNaw; w pa nfhilahspfs; Nfhapy;fNs. gs;sj;jpy; tPo;e;jpUe;j gLghtpfisAk; ghkuh;fisAk; rPh;ngwr; nra;J tho;tspj;j ts;sy;fs; Nfhapy;fNs. Nfhapy; xU nghpa nfhs; Kjyhsp. G+i[f; f hfg; ngUk; nghUs; thq; f g; g l; l d. Njtijah my; y J Njtjhd epyk; ngw;wd: tpiyAah;e;j eiffisAk; gRf;fisAk; MLkhLfisAk; ,iwtdJ G+irf;Fk; tpohTf; F k; thq; f pd: ‘Jsrp’ mzptpf; f Xh; murd; rhRtj epjp itj;jhdhk;. vd;Nd mwpTilik! ee;jd tdq;fSk; gopj;Njhl;lq;fSk; Nfhapy;fs; thq;fpd. gz;izahl;fSk; Njhl; lf; fhuh; fSk; Cjpak; fhz cjtpd Nfhapy;fs;:rh;tkhdpak; ngw;wd Nfhapy;fs;: Gwk; N ghf; F fisj; jk; t rg; g Lj; j pd: epyj; i j gOJ ghh;g;gJk; tof;fk;.

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Vnddpy; Nfhapy; mbg; g ilf; fiyf; N f chpaJ. fiynay; y hk; jpuz; L tpsq; f pa ,lNk Nfhapy; : khf; f isAk; kf; f shf; f p mth; j k; capUk; ed; n dwp gpbj;njhOfr; nra;jJ Nfhapy;fs;.Nfhapypd; epjpfis rh]; j pjuf; fy; t pf; F k; > kjf; fy; t pf; F k; > Ntjhfk thrpgG; f;Fk;> fyhrhiyfshf tpsq;fpd Nfhapyf; s;.,d;Wk; ,ijr;nra;jhy; xU ngUkfDk; jLf;fkhl;lhNd! Nfhapy; gzj;jpd; gad;fs; Nfhapy; kz;l gq;f Ns ghlrhiyfs;.njd; dpe; j pa Nfhapy;fs; ngUq; fyhrhiyfshfj; jpfo;e;jd.fy;Y}hpfs; ];jhgpjJ ; tsh;jj; Myaq;fSk; cz;L.khzth;fF ; ,ytr czT tpLjp mikj;Jf; fy;tp fw;gpj;j Njthyaq;fSk; cz;L.Njthug; gapw;rpf;Fk;> Ntjk; XjYf;Fk;> jkpo;kiw ghLjYf; F k; Nfhapy; gzk; nrytopf; f g; g l; l d: Muha;r;rpf;Fk;> Md;k tprhuj;Jf;Fk; mj;jpahadj;Jf;Fk; Mya epjp nrytplg;gl;ld. tlnkhopAk; njd; nkhopfSk; tsu Nfhapyhh; kf;fSf;F khdpak; mspj;jdh;. jpUg;gjpfk; jpUtha;nkhop khd;aq;fSk; toq; f g; g l; l d.Myaq; f spYk; nghJ ,lq; f spYk; ,uhkhazk; > ghujk; > Guhzq; f s; gbf; f khdpak; nfhLj;Jjtpdh; jh;kfh;j;jhf;fs;. “Mrphpah;fis fhf;fTk; Cjpakspff; Tk; mWgJ Ntyp epyq;fis ed;nfhilahff; Nfhapy; toq;fpaJ” vd;Wk; mt;T+hpy; khzth;fSf;Fhpa tpLjp mikj; J ,ytr czT je; J tpahfuzk; 9

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

fw;gpf;fg;gl;lJ vd;Wk; jpUnthw;wpA+h; fy;ntl;nlhd;W $WfpwJ. Nfhapy; gs;spf$ ; lq;fspy; Mj;kfP mgptpUj;jpf; fiyNa Nghjpf;fg;gl;ld.rpt jUkk; rpj;jhe;jk; fw;gpf;fg;gl;ld. ‘vz;zhapuk;’ vDkplj;jpy; FUFyKk; fy;Y}hpAk; khzth; tpLjpAk; ,Ue;jd: jpUKf;$lypy; gs;spr;rpwhh; Ntjhfkk;> tpahfuzk;> rh];jpuq;fs; Kjypad gapdw ; hh;fs;: ,aypir ehlfk; tsh;f;f Nfhapy; epjp tpepNahfpf;fg;gl;lJ. Nfhapy; f s; gzj; i jf; nfhLj; J ehlfj; i jAk; eldrhiyfisAk; Ngh]pj;jdh; Nfhapyhh;.xt;nthU nghpa Nfhapy;fspYk; xU tprhykhd muq;f kz;lgk; cz; L : mt; t plj; j py; tpNr\ fhyq; f spy; nja; t f; $j;Jf;fs; Mbf;fhl;lg;gLk;: rhjhuz ehl;fspy; khzth; eldk; gapYk; gapw;rpf; $lkhk;.Nfhapyhh; fz;l ehdhtpj tpisahl;Lf;fs; kf;fis fhzr; nra;jd. rk];fpUj Guhzq;fis ebf;Fk; ebfh; xt; n thUth; f ; F k; epyk; toq; f pajhff; fy; n tl; b y; fhz;fpd;Nwhk;. ehdhtpj ghlrhiyfSf;Ff; Nfhapy; khdpak; mspjJ ; > rf;jp$j;J> rhe;jpf; $j;J vd;git nja;tf;$j;Jf;fs;> mitfspy; ty;Ydh;f;F khdpaKk; ghprpYk; toq;fpdh;. “tP i zf; f dp” vDk; ntFkjp ,irg; Gyth; f ; F nfhLf;fg;gl;lJ.Kjy; uh[uh[ Nrhod; aho;> Foy; Kjypa ,irf; f Utpfspy; ty; y th; f ; F r; rd; k hdk; je; j jhfj; jPz;B];tuf; Nfhapypd; fy;ntl;by; fhz;fpd;Nwhk;.aho; Foy; thrpg;gtiu fz;nzdf; nfhz;bUe;jdh; kf;fs;. ,yf;fpa rpy rhrdq;fSk; Nfhapw; Rth;fspy; cz;L: Fbkpah kiyapy; ,irj; J}z;fs; cz;L: tpff; pufq;fspy; ehjq;fz;L thrpj;jdh;.gujehl;ba #j;jpuq;fs; rpjk;gu fy; n tl; L f; f spy; cz; L : jpUtplthapy; vDk; Chpy; Njthug;gz;fs; nrJf;fpapUe;jhh;fs;. vdNt Nfhapy;fs; ,yf; f pa gz; G fSf; F ciwtplkhapUe; j J. ghujk; gbj;jYk;>Njthuk; XJjYk;> jpUtha;nkhop ghuhazk; nra;jYk; kf;fsJ kd epiyia cah;j;jpd. ngUq;fhtpaq;fs; Nfhapypy; ,aw;wg;gl;ld.klq;fs; kf; f Sf; F g; Nghjpf; F k; ghlrhiyfsha; j ; jpfo; e ; j d. klq; f spd; kjpg; G k; NritAk; nrhy; n yhzhjJ. guk; g iur; nrhj; J f; f shk; ngwyUk; E}y; f isAk; fiyf;Nfhapyf; isAk; kf;fl; gz;gpidAk; ghJfhj;jit klq;fNs.,J cz;ik. ntWk; Gfo;r;rp ,y;iy.

Nfhapy; fl;Lk; rpw;gf;fiy kf;fspd; kdepiyiaAk; gf;jp newpiaAk; gpujpgypgg; J Nfhapypd; Ez;fiy kype;j rpj;jpu Ntiyg;ghL.xd;Wk; mopahj jpuhtpl rpw;g rh];jpuj;jpd; Qhgfr; rpd;dq;fNs Nfhapy; f s; . Nfhapy; gzpahsh; fl; l l NtiyiaAk; > cNyhfj; njhopiyAk; capNuhbUf; f r; nra; j dh; . clypYs;s caph; jj;Jtq;fis czh;j;JtNj Nfhapy;. eph;khzj; jj; Jtk; fhz fl; b aNj Nfhapy; vd;g jd; jj;Jtk;.

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kdk; Nghdgb jw; f hy ehfhP f r; rpd; d q; f shff; Nfhapy;fisf; fl;lf;$lhJ. fw;rpw;gpfSk; ];jgjpfSk; Ez;fiy ty;YeUk;> njhopw; Gyth;fSk;> tp];tfUkj;jyj;jpy; kiwe;Jk; Fiwe;Jk; tUtjhy; Nfhapy; jpUg; g zpf; F k; NfhGuk; fl; l Yf; F k; thfd Ntiyf;Fk; Mguz Ntiyf;Fk; ftr Ntiyf;Fk; Ml;fs; mfg;gLjy; ,d;W mUikahAs;sJ. ,f; f \; l j; i j eP f ; f ‘kQ; r fyh ghlrhiy’ [py; y h thhpahf ]; j hgpj; J Myq; f isg; GdUj; j huzKk; > [P u Nzhj; j huzKk; nra; a Vw; g hL nra; a Ntz; L k; .

Nfhapypy; jpdg; G+irfisAk; tpNr\ fhyg;G+irfisAk; mh;j;j [hkg; G+irfspd; tpjpfisAk; ahfj;jP tsh;f;Fk; KiwAk; gpuNkhw; t r eP j pfisAk; Fk; g hgpN\f newpfisAk; mh; r ; r fh; f Sk; FUf; f Sk; Mjp irt gpuhkzh;fSk; ed;F mwpa ‘G+ir Kiw gapw;rp rhiy’ mikj;Jg; gl;lq;fs; toq;fp Nfhapy; FUf;fis mkh;j;j Ntz;Lk;.

Nfhapy; mh; r ; r fh; f s; jkpo; kiwAk; tl nkhop Ntjhfq; f isAk; XJk; rf; j p ngw; w th; f shAk; cghj;jpahauha; ,Uf;fj; jf;fth;fshAk; tpsq;fNtz;Lk;.

Nfhapy; jh;kfh;jj; hf;fSk;> mjpfhhpfSk; xt;nthU tUlKk; Njh;jy; %yNk jh;kfh;j;jhf;fspd; FO Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ: ,f; F O fpuhkj; j huhy; Njh; e ; n jLf; f g; g l; egh; f Ns gQ;rhaj;jhh;fshk;: ,g;gQ;rhaj;jhh;fNs mt;T+h;fspd; Nfhapy;fspd; jh;kf;fh;j;jf;fSk;> NkyjpfhhpfSkhth;. ‘itf;fzrh’ vDk; FUkhh;fNs Nfhapy; epjpfisAk; eph;tfpf;Fk; eph;thfpfs;: ahuhfpYk; Nfhapy; gzj;ijf; fsthbdhYk; > Nkhrb nra; j hYk; jz; l id cz; L . jz;lidf;F cs;shFgb tpNuhjp ntF[d tpNuhjpahf; Fyg; g pu\; l k; nra; t h; : ehLk; flj; J tuhk; . Nfhapypy; jg;G nra;jtDf;Fk; ghtQ; nra;jtDf;Fk; fLQ;rpiw mspjj; dh;. Nfhapy; JNuhfk; uh[j; JNuhfk; vd vz;zpdh;. mg;ghtpia mwj;JNuhfp vd;Wk; Njrj;JNuhfp vd;Wk; kf;fs; fUjpdh;:mtid ehLk; flj;jpdh;. mtdJ nrhj;Jf;fis gwpKjy; nra; j hh; f s; . mitfisf; NfhapYf; N f nfhLf;fg;gLkhk;. rptj;JNuhfpf;Fk; uh[j;JNuhfpf;Fk; xU jz;lid cz;L. ek;Kd;Ndhh; eLepiyik vd;Nd!.

Nfhapy; nghf;fp\k; gy ghpNrhjfh; f isAk; > fzf; f g; g ps; i sfisAk; mkh;jj; p Nfhapy; tUtha; nryTfisAk; kpf [hf;fpuijahff; ftdpj; j dh; . Nfhapy; fzf; i f ghh; i taplNt gy NkyjpfhhpfSk; jiyik jh; k fh; j ; j hTk; ,Ue; j dh; . jpUf;NfhapY}h; rpyh; rhrdj;jhy; mwptJ> ‘Nrhod; fhyj;jpy; gpujpfq;fdpld; ghl;ld; ngw;w gj;Jg; gRf;fisg; Ngudhfpa = itzt gpuhkzdplk; jpUg; g pg; ngw; w hh; f shk; : klj; j py; rhg; g pLk; Ntjpah; f ; F j; japh; nfhLg; g jw; f hff; nfhLj;j gRf;fs; mit? mtd; jpdKk; japh; nfhLj;Jjtj; jtwpdhd; ” . ,j; j ifa fy; n tl; L fs; rhRtjkhfTk; nghJ[d mwptpg;ghfTk; Nfhapypy; tpsq;fpd.

(ed;wp: jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\f tpoh kyh; (21-08-1976)> mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;w ntspaPL.) 10

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

átD¡nfh® ïuh¤âÇ

átuh¤âÇ fyhg+\zk; jpUkjp ,uhN[];thp n[fhde;jFU rptuhj;jphp vd;Dk; NghJ> “rptk;” vd;why; kq;fsk;> ,d;gk;>ed;ik> ngUQ;Rfk; vdg; nghUs; nfhs;syhk;. rf;jpf;F xd;gJ ,uTfs; etuhj;jphp rptdhUf;Nfh xU ,uTjhd;. mJNt rptuhj;jphp. khrp khjk; 13-02-2018 nrt; t ha; f ; f poik ,t; t Ulk; > rptuhj; j php ,lk; ngWfpd; w J. irtg; ngUkf; f s; ,g; G z; z pa jpdj; j py; vk; n gUkhid Nehf;fp tpujkpUe;J ,g;Gz;zpa jpdj;ij Kiwg;gb mDl;bj;jy; mtrpakhdJ. ,/J vkJ Md;kfP tsh;rr; pfF ; cjtty;yJ. EhW jlit Vfhjrp tpujj;ij mDl;bj;j gad; xU jlit> rptuhj;jphp tpujj;ij mDl;bj;jhy;> ngwKbAk; vd;W rh];jpuq;fs; ,ak;Gfpd;wd. rptuhj;jphpapd; Njhw;wj;jpidNdhf;fpd;> xU fhy; mhpAk; > muDk; > jk; K s; ahh; nghpath; vd thjpl vk;ngUkhd; mth;fs; kpfg;nghpa N[hjp tbthf tpzZ ; k; kz;Zk; njhlj;Njhd;wp> mth;fsJ mwpahikiag; Nghf;fpa> ePf;fpaUspa Gz;zpa ehNs rptuhj;jphpahFk;. vk;ngUkhdpd; mUTUtj; jpUNkdpahfpa ,ypqN ; fhw;gt tbtk; Njhd;wpa jpdKk; rptuhj;jphpNaahk;. rptuhj;jphp tpujj;ij mDl;bj;j gpd; njhlh;e;J tUk; mkhthir jpdj;jd;W md;djhdk; nra;apd; mJ vkf;F cah; gyidj; jUk;. rptuhj;jphp epj;jpa rptuhj;jphp> gl;r rptuhj;jphp> khj rptuhj;jphp> Nahf rptuhj;jphp> kfh rptuhj;jphp vd Itifg;gLk;. ,tw;Ws; ehk; mDl;bg;gJ kfh rptuhj;jphpahFk;. rptuhj;jphpad;W fhiyf;fld;fis Kbj;J> Jha ePuhbj; Jhatuhf Jha kdj;Jld; rpthyak; nrd;W gQ; r ml; r u ke; j puk; nrgpj; J > vk; g puhid ,ypq; f tbtpy; tzq; f pahf Ntz; L k; . md; i wa jpdk; KOtJk; rptehkk; nrgpj;jhf Ntz;Lk;. ,uT Neuk; ,ypq;Nf];tuUf;F ey;nyz;nza;> ghy;> japh;> nea;> ,seP h ; > Njd; > fUg; g Q; r hW> gor; r hW> gQ; r hkph; j k; Mfpatw;why; mgpNlfk; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;. rptypq; f g+irapd; NghJ chpa gz; l q; f is epNtjdk; nra;J> rpy Njhj;jpuk; ghb> ,uT KOtJk;

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epj;jpiu tpopj;J> rpt jpahdj;jpy; mg;nghOijf; fopj;J> fhiy Gdpj ePuhb #hpad; cjpf;f MW ehopiff;F Kd; ghuiz nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;. njhlh;eJ ; me;jzh;> Viofs; MfpNahUf;F ,ad;wsT jhdKk; nra;jy; KiwahFk;. kWehs; gfw;nghOijj; Jhq;fhJ fopj;jhf Ntz;Lk;. khiyapy; rpttopghl;bd; gpd; ghy; gok; cz;L> tpujj;ij epiwT nra;J nfhs;syhk;. rpt ,utpd; NghJ rpthyaq;fspy; ,lk;ngWk; ehd;F ahkg; g+irfisAk; jhprpj;jy; Gz;zpak; jUk; nrayhFk;. ,e;ehd;F ahkg; g+ir Kiwfis Nehf;fpd;> Kjyhk; ahkj;jpy; ghy;> japh;> nea;> Nfhryk;> Nfhkak; Mfpad fye;j gQ;r ft;tpaj;jhy;> %h;j;jpf;F mgpNlfk; nra;j gpd; tpy;tk;> jhkiu kyh; Mfpatw;why; %h;j;jpia mh;r;rpj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. epNtjdkhf gaj;jk; gUg;G fye;j nghq;fiyg; gilj;J> JhgjPgk; fhl;b> ,Uf;F Ntjk; Xjpahf Ntz;Lk;. rpt ,utpd; ,uz;lhk; ahkj;jpd; NghJ> gQ;rhkphj; j;jhy;> %h;jj; pia mgpNlfpjj; gpd; re;jdk; rhw;wp> jhkiu> Jsrp Mfpatw;why; mh;r;rpj;J> ghark; epNtjpj;J aRh; NtjKk; Xjpahf Ntz;Lk;. %d; w hk; ahkj; j py; ,ypq; N fhw; g tiu Njdhy; mgpNlfpj;J> miuj;j fw;g+uk;> rhjpKy;iy kyh; Mfpad rhw;wp> Kf;fpis tpy;tj;jhy; mh;r;rpj;J> vs; md;dk; epNtjpj; J > rhk Ntjk; Xjp vk; g puhid topgl; l hf Ntz;Lk;. ehd; f hk; ahkj; j py; ,ypq; N fhw; g t %h; j ; j piaf; fUg;gQ;rhw;why;> mgpNlfpj;J miuj;j Fq;Fkg;g+> epj;jpah tl;il kyh; Mfpad rhw;wp ePNyhw;gt kyuhy; mh;r;rpj;J Rj;j md;dk; epNtjpj;J rptypq;f %h;j;jpia tzq;fp> mjh;t Ntjk; Xjpahf Ntz;Lk;.

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

,e;j tifapy; rptg+ir rpttopghL> rptjPli ; r Mfpatw;wpw;F cfe;j ,uT rptuhj;jphpahFk;. tpujk; vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; me;ehspy; ehk; filg;gpbf;f Ntz;bad grpj;jpU>tpopj;jpU> jdpj;jpU vd;gdthk;. rpt ,utd; W mwpe; N jh mwpahkNyh njhpe;Njh njhpahkNyh epj;jpiu tpopj;jhy;$l mjd; gadhf ew;fjp fpilf;Fk; vd;gjw;F xU rk;gtj;ij ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;.

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GypNah mtd; ,wq;fp tUk;NghJ mtidj; jdf;F ,iuahf;fyhnkd;W kuj;jpd; mbapy; gLj;jpUe;jJ. nghOJk; rha;e;jJ. NtlDf;Fj; Jhf; f k; te; j J. GypNah me; j ,lj; i j tpl; L efh; t jhf ,y; i y.jdJ Jhf; f j; i jf; fiyg; g jw; f hf Ntld; jhd; mkh; e ; j pUe; j kuf; f pisapd; ,iyfis xt; n thd; w hfg; gwpj;J fPNo Nghl;l tz;zk; fz; tpopj;jhd;. nghOJk; tpbe;jJ. GypAk; jdJ ,Ug;gplj;jpw;Fr; nrd;W tpl;lJ. NtlDf;F tpLjiy fpilj;j me;j kuj;jbapy; xU rptypq;fk; ,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ. md;W rptuhj;jphp jpdk;. mtd; mkh;e;jpUe;j kuNkh tpy; t kuk; . vdNt md; W epj; j piu tpopj; J ,uT KOtJk; ,ypq; f %h; j ; j pf; F tpyt ; j;jhy; mh;rr; pjj; Gz;zpag; gadhd rptfjph; NtlDf;Ff; fpilj;jJ. ,r;rk;gtk; jkpo; ehl;bNy jpUitfht+h; vd; D k; ,lj; j pNy ele; j jhf tuyhW $Wfpd;wJ. vdNt rptuhj;jphpad;W Kiwg;gb vk;ngUkhid tpujkDl;bj;J tzq;fpdhy;> vkf; F <rdpd; ,d; d Us; fpilf; f hkyh Ngha;tpLk;? ,jid tpl rptypqf; j;jpd; gPlk; MTilahh; vdg;gLk;. ,J rf;jpapd; &gk;> ghzk;> rpt&gk;> gPlj;jpy; rf;jp fphpah rf; j pahfTk; > gP l j; j pd; mbg; g hfk; gpuk; k &gkhfTk; eLg;ghfk; tp\;ZthfTk; jj;Jtk; cs;sjhf jpU%yh; ghly; xd;iw ahk; ,q;Nf Fwpg;gplyhk;. kyh;e;j mad;khy; cUj;jpud; kNfrd; gyd; jUk; Ik;Kfd; gutpe;J ehjk; eyk; jU rf;jp rptd; tbthfpg; gyk; jU ypq;fk; guh ee;jpahNk. NkYk; rptuhj;jphp KOtJk; tpopf;f ,ayhNjhh; ,uT ,ypq;Nfhw;gt fhyk; tiu jd;Dk; epj;jpiu tpopj;jy; KiwahFk;. ,uT 14 ehopiff;F Nky; xU K$h;j;j fhyk; ,J ,ypq;Nfhw;gt fhyk; vdg;gLk;. tpujfhyj;jpy; cgthrkpUj;jy; cfe;jjhFk;> cj;jkkhFk;. ePh; kl;Lk; mUe;Jjy; kj;jpkkhFk;. gotif cz;Zjy; mjkk; MFk;. ,jw;F Nkyhf Njhir> ,l;yp> ,bag;gk; Mfpatw;iw cz;Zjy; mjkh mjkkhFk;. ,/J ,t;tpujj;ij mDl;bg;Nghh;f;F kl;LKs;s epge;jidfshk;.

ïªJ xË

rpt ,uit xU rpthyaj; j pNy fopj; j y; rhyr; rpwe;jjhFk;. Gz;zpak; jUk; nray;fisj; jtph;j;J> ,uT epj;jpiu tpopj;jhy;> NghJk; jhNd> vdj; jtwhff; nfhz;L> njhiyf;fhl;rpg;ngl;bf;F Kd;Dk;> rpdpkhf; nfhl;liffspYk;> #jhl;lj;jpYk; ,g;Gz;zpa ,uitf; fopj; j y; MfhJ. ,/J Fspf; f g; Ngha; r ; NrW g+rpa nrayhfj;jhd; mikAk;.

Guhz tuyhw;wpd; gb ,t;tpuj kfpikia jpUee;jp Njth; %yk; mwpe;j #hpad; KUfg;ngUkhd; kd;kjd; mf;dpgfthd; ,e;jpud; re;jpud; FNgud; KjyhNdhh; ,t;tpujj;ij rpuj;ijNahL mDl;bj;J Ntz;baijg; ngw;wdh; vd;gJ Guhz tuyhW. vdNt ,t; t pujj; j pd; kfpikia mUikia ngUikia czh;e;J Ghpe;J Kiwahf mDl;bg;gNjhL vkJ ,isa jiyKiwapdUf;Fk; mjd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czh;j;jp mth;fis ed;ndwpg;gLj;Jjy; irt rkapfs; xt;nthUtuJk; jiyaha flikahFk;.

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

r ; u g r P n ; j g f U N ; k f h d; U p j jjppUUttbb jjPz ; h h ;l;lgg;n;nggww;N;Nwwh eh.Kj;ijah (mkuh;> 'Mj;kN[hjp" ,jo; Mrphpah;) jpUKiw XJk;NghJk; Kbf;Fk;NghJ jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk; vd;why; ,iwtd; jpUtbia cs;sj;jpNy ,Uj;Jjy; vd;gJ nghUs;. cyfpYs;s rptj;jyq;fSf;nfy;yhk; %y];jhdkhf mike;jJ Nfhapy; vd;W miof;fg;gLk; rpjk;guj;jykhFk;. cyfk; KOtijAk; ,iwtdJ jpUTUtkhf vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhy; ROKdhehb rpjk;guj;Jf; $lhfTk; nry;fpd;wJ. mJ fjph;fhkj;jpw; $lhfTk; nry;fpd;wJ. ,ilfiyahff; NfjPr;ruKk; gpq;fiyahf NfhNzr;ruKk; mike;jpUg;gij ehk; czuyhk;. ,ilfiy> gpq;fiy ,uz;ilAk; KiwNa re;jpufiy> #hpafiy vd;Wk; nrhy;th;. tlf;Nf cs;s eFNyr;ruKk;. ROKidapy; mike;jpUg;gJ ehk; czuj;jf;fJ. kzpthrfg;ngUkhd;> jpy;iyapy; eldkhLk; $j;jg;gpuhDila jpUtbNa gy;YapUs;Sk; gapy;fpd;wJ vd;W ghLfpwhh;. “jpy;iy %J}h; Mba jpUtb gy;Yap nuy;yhk; gapd;wddhfp” vd;gJ mth; ghl;L> ,jdhNyNa vj;jyj;jpYs;s jpUKiwfis XJk; NghJk; “jpUr;rpw;wk;gyk;” vd;W nrhy;tJ kughfp tpl;lJ. jpUj;njhz;lj;njhif ghlte;j Re;juu;> vLj;j vLg;gpNyNa “jpy;iytho; me;jzh;jk; mbahh;f;Fk; mbNad;” vd;W njhlq;Ffpwhh;. mtuh njhlq;Ffpd;whh;? ,iwtd; my;yth mbnaLj;Jf;nfhLj;jtd;. Njthu jpUKiwfs; fpilj;j ,lk; jpy;iy my;yth? jpy;iyapNy rptngUkhd; MLk; ,lk; rpw;wk;gyk;. rptypq;fg;ngUkhd; vOe;jUspa ,lk; jpU%yl;lhdk;. eluh[g; ngUkhDila re;epjpNa rpwg;Gilajhjyhy; mjidj; jpy;iyr; rpw;wk;gyk; vd;W toq;Fth;. jpUf;Nfhapy; KOtjw;FNk rpw;wk;gyk; vd;w ngah; gpwF mike;jJ. Nguk;gyk; vd;w gFjp xd;Wk; jpUf;Nfhapypy; ,Ug;gjhy; ,iwtd; MLk; ,lj;ijr; rpw;wk;gyk; vd;W toq;fpdh;. ehsiltpy; rpw;wk;gyk; rpj;jk;gykhfpg; gpd;G rpjk;guk; Mapw;nwd;W nrhy;yj; Njhd;WfpwJ. rpj;jhfpa mk;guk;> “rpjhfhrk;” vd;W nghUs; czh;j;jpaJ.

ïªJ xË

guntspapy; cs;sJ rpj;jhfhrk;. ,e;jr; rpj;jhfhrj;jpy; ,iwtd; eldk; MLtij Nahfpfs; czh;th;. ,iwtDila jpUtb jPz;lg;ngWfpd;wikahy; mfq;fhuk; mopfpd;wJ. Cd;wpa jpUg;ghjj;jpd; fPo; ,Uf;Fk; Kayfd; ,j;jj;Jtj;ijNa tpsf;Ffpd;wJ. mfq;fhu mopT Vw;gl;l clNd J}f;fpa jpUtb epoypNy Mj;kh Nguhde;jk; ngWfpd;wJ. jpUQhdrk;ge;jh; rPh;fhopapy; rptQhdk; ngw;wJ NghyTk;> jpUehTf;furh; jpUtjpifapy; jpUtUs; ngw;wJ NghyTk;> khzpf;fthrf Rthkpfs; jpUg;ngUe;Jiwapy; rptQhdk; ngw;wJ NghyTk; jpUf;NfjPr;rungUkhd; jpUtb mile;J Nghpd;gk; mile;Njhh; md;W njhlf;fk; ,d;W tiu vz;zpy; mlq;fhNjhuhth;. jpUf;ifyhaj;jpypUe;J thAgfthdhy; gwpj;njwpag;gl;l %d;W rpfuq;fSs; jpUf;NfjPr;ruKk; xd;whFk;. vk;ngUkhd; jpUf;ifyhaj;jpy; ,Ue;J mUs; nra;tJ NghyNt ,q;Fk; mUs; nra;fpd;whh; vd;gJ Guhz tuyhW. mjdhNyNa ,jw;Fj; njl;rpz ifyhak; vd;W ngah; toq;Ffpd;wJ. NfJ vd;gtd; mRuh;fspy; kpf typT gilj;jtd;> nebatbtdd;. jd; jt typikapy; rhaf;fpufgjk; ngw;wtd;. mRu $l;lj;NjhL Nrh;e;jpUe;j jd;ikapdhy; mfq;fhuk; Kw;Wk; mwhjpUe;jhd;. jd; gpio czh;e;J njd; fapyhak; ez;zp ,iwtidr; rptypq;f tbtpy; ,iwQ;rpdhd;. cw;whh; cwtpdNuhL $bapUe;J mgpN\ fk; Kjypa Muhjidfs; nra;jhd.; jdJ cs;sj;jpNy NfjPr;ru;g;ngUkhdpd; jpUtbfis ,iltplhJ jpahdpj;j ngUk;Ngw;wpdhNy vk;ngUkhd; nfshp mk;ikNahLk; ,lgh&luha;f; fhl;rp nfhLj;jUspdhh;. md;W njhlf;fk; ,iwth; NfjPr;ruehjh; vd;Wk; jyk; NfjPr;ruk; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLtjhapw;W. NfJ Qhdfhufd;> jtj;jpd; kfpikahy; fpufgjk; ngw;whd;. mjdhy; ‘gfthd;’ vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhd;. NfJ gfthd; vd;W mioj;jy; kughapw;W. #ugd;kDila kidtpahd gJk Nfhkisapd; ghl;ldhhpd; ngah; kfhJtl;lh vd;gJ. ,td; epidj;j clNd epidj;jtw;iwg; gilf;Fe; jpwik 13

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

G+z;l nja;tr; rpw;gp. G+TyfpYs;s rptj;jyq;fSs; NfjPr;ruj;jyk; kpfr; rpwe;jJ vd;W Nfs;tpAw;W mq;F te;J mgpN\f Muhjidfs; jpdKk; nra;J jtk; ,Ue;jhd;. NfjPr;rug;ngUkhdpd; jpUtbfis ,iltplhj jpahdj;jpdhNyNa gjpag;ngw;wikapdhy; vk;ngUkhDila jpUf;fhl;rp fpilj;jJ. cdf;F vd;d Ntz;Lk; vd;W vk;ngUkhd; Nfl;lhh;. NjthPhplj;jpy; Fiwahj nka;ad;G G+z;nlhOFk; mbahh;fspy; xUtdhf vd;id itj;Jf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;W Fiwapue;jhd;. ,iwtUk; mg;gbNa Mtnjdf;$wp ypq;fj;jpNy kiwe;jUspdhh;.

NfjPr;ruehjh; mUs;ngw;w kfhJtl;lh ngUkhdhUf;F ey;y Kiwapy; Nfhapy; xd;W mike;jhd;. Nfhapiy kj;jpahf itj;J efuk; xd;Wk; mikj;jhd;. kfhJtl;lh mikj;j efuk; MifapdhNy kfhJtl;lhGuk; vd;W miof;fg;gl;Lf; fhyfjpapNy khNjhl;lk; Mapw;W. jpdKk; rptG+i[ nra;J te;j ,uhtNz];tuid ,uhkgpuhd; nfhd;wgbapdhNy mtiu gpukfj;jpNjh\k; njhlh;e;jJ. mij ePf;Ftjw;fhf Kd;NdRtuk; nrd;W nghd;dhy; ypq;fk; mikj;Jr; rptG+ir Ghpayhdhh;. jpUf;NfhNzRtuk; nrd;W ,uj;jpdypq;fk; mikj;J G+ir Ghpe;jhh;. jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; nrd;W ghyhtpapy; jPh;j;jk; Mb nts;spapdhy; ypq;fk; mikj;Jg; G+i[ Ghpayhdhh;. ,uhkgpuhd; gQ;rhl;ruj;ij Mapuj;njl;L Kiw n[gk; nra;J jpahdj;jpy; mkh;e;jhh;. vk;ngUkhDila jpUtbfis ,iltplhJ jpahdpf;fg;ngw;wikapdhy;; NfjPr;rug;ngUkhd; nfshp mk;ikahNuhLk; fhl;rp nfhLj;J gpukfj;jpiag; Nghf;fp mUspdhh;. rptngUkhDila jpUkzj;jd;W rpt ngUkhDila fl;lisg;gb njw;F Nehf;fp te;j mfj;jpa Kdpth; rpyfhyk; nghjpkiyapNyNa ,Ue;jhh;. rptj;jy ahj;jpiu nra;a tpUk;gp kidtpahfpa cNyhgh Kj;jpiuNahLk; ahj;jpiuia Nkw;nfhz;L NfjPr;rug; ngUkhdpd; jpUtbfisj; jpahdpj;jtuhf ,Ue;jhh;. vk;ngUkhdpd; jpUf;fhl;rp fpilj;j clNd gpd;tUkhW Njhj;jpuQ; nra;jhh;.

my;yy; MrWj;J mudb ,iznjhOk; md;guhk; mbahNu” vd;W Qhdrk;ge;jg; ngUkhd; njhONjj;jp NfjPr;rug;ngUkhdpd; jpUtb jpahdj;jpy; cah;e;J epd;whh;. “kiwahh; Gfo; Cud; mbj; njhz;lDiu nra;j Fiwahj; jkpo; gj;JQ; nrhyf; $lh nfhLtpidNa” vd;W Re;juh; Jjpj;J tzq;fp mbahh;fSf;nfy;yhk; mbadhFk; NgWngw;whh;. “nrd;dpkjp Gidkhl khNjhl;lj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;J mz;zy; nra;aghjk; cd;dpkpfg; gzpe;Njj;jp md;gNuhLk; cythj fopngw;whh; ctif cw;whh;” Qhdrk;ge;jnud Nrf;fpohh; ngUkhDk; jpUtbj; jpahdk; nra;fpd;whh;. “kd;dhUf;Fr; rkPgj;jpy; cs;s khNjhl;lj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; vd;Dk; Njd; nghe;J xd;Ws;sJ. mq;F kUe;njhd;W kiwe;jpUf;fpd;wJ.” vd;gJ ehtyh; ngUkhDila jpUthrfk;. ,iwtDila mjhtJ NfjPr;ruehjDila jpUtbj; jhkiuapNy kj;jpg;Ngwhfpa Njd; ,Uf;fpwJ vdj; jhk; mDgtpj;j ,d;gg;Ngw;iw kw;iwNahUk; mDgtpf;FkhW miof;fpd;whh; ehtyh; ngUkhd;. ehtyh; ngUkhDila J}z;Ljypy; tsh;e;jitNa ,d;iwa jpUf;NfhGuq;fs; MFk;.

Nfhapy; mopTw;W 300 Mz;LfSf;F Nkyhfj; jpUKiwapNy tho;e;Jf;nfhz;bUe;j jpUf;NfjPr;rug; ngUkhd; mbahh;fSila jpUtbj; jpahdj;jpdhNy jhNk ntspte;J jk;ik ntspg;gLj;jpf;nfhz;lhh;. “mg;ghYk; mbrhh;;e;jhh; mbahh;f;Fk; mbNad;” vdr; Re;ju%u;j;jp Rthkpfs; jpUj;njhz;lj; njhifapNy mUspa tz;zk; 13-12-1893,y; gRgjpr;nrl;bahh; mth;fs; Kd;G jpUf;Nfhapy; ,Ue;J mopTw;Wf; fhlha;f; fple;j epyj;ij thq;fpajd; gpd; clyhYk; nghUshYk; cs;sj;jhYk; cjtp nra;J ,d;iwa epiyf;Fj; jpUf;Nfhapy; tUtjw;F Mapuf;fzf;fhd mbahh;fs; NfjPr;rug;ngUkhDila jpUtbfisj; jpahdk; nra;J jpUj;njhz;Lfs; Ghpe;Js;shh;fs;. ,d;W tiu eilngw;w Nfhapy; jpUg;gzpia tpl ,d;Dk; $LjyhfNt jpUg;gzp eilngw ,Uf;fpwJ. mJ epiwNtWtjw;F ehtyh; ngUkhDila jpUthf;fpak; xd;iw ek;kdjpy; rpe;jpg;Nghkhf. “,t;tpyq;ifapy; cs;s tpG+jpjhhpfs; vy;NyhUQ; rpwpJ rpwpJ cgfhpf;fpDk; vj;Jizg; ngUe;njhifg; nghUs; Nrh;e;J tpLk;! ,ij ePq;fs; vy;NyhUk; rpe;jpj;J ,j;jpUg;gzpia epiwNtw;WtPh;fshapd;> mUl;flyhfpa rptngUkhd; cq;fSf;F mEf;fpufQ; nra;th;”.

‘NtjehafNd Nghw;wp Nts;tpapy; KjNy Nghw;wp!

Ntjkhd kwpaha; Nghw;wp! tpehaf rdf Nghw;wp! fhjpy; ntz; Fioaha; Nghw;wp! fq;ifaQ; rilaha; Nghw;wp! khnjhU ghfk; itj;j khNjhl;lf; fdpNa Nghw;wp!

Njhj;jpuj;jpw;F kfpo;e;j ngUkhd; ahJ Ntz;Lk;? vd;W Nfl;lhh;. mfj;jpah;> “vk;ngUkhNd epd;jpUtb kyh;fs; mbNad; ,jaj;Js; vd;Wk; ePq;fhky; ,Uf;f tuk; mUs;f!” vd;W Nfl;lhh;.mt;tz;zNk MFf vd;W vk;ngUkhd; mUsp ypq;fj;jpNy kiwe;jUspdhh;.

(ed;wp: jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\f tpoh kyh; (21-08-1976)> mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;w ntspaPL.)

“vy;iyapy; Gfo; ve;ij NfjPr;ruk; ,uhg;gfy;> epide;Njj;jp

ïªJ xË

14

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

jpUf;NfjP];tuk; I. ifyhrehjf; FUf;fs;

(Kd;idehs; Nguhrphpah;> aho;g;ghzg; gy;fiyf;fofk;) jpUf;NfjP];tuj;ijg;ghh;j;j clNd ekJ may; ehlhd ghuj ehl;bd; epidT tUfpd;wJ. fhuzk; mq;F mike;jpUf;Fk; Mya fl;bl mikg;G vdyhk;. njd; ,e;jpar; rpw;g ty;Ydh;fshy; rpw;g Kiwg;gb tpkhdq;fs; uh[NfhGuq;fs;> ghpthu Myaq;fs; Kiwg;gbAk; rhpj;jpu xOq;FfisAk; mDrhpj;J kpf mofhf mike;jpUf;fpwJ. ,j;jyk; jPh;j;jk;>%h;j;jp vy;yhk; Kiwaha; mike;jpUf;fpd;wJ. ,j;jyj;jpy; Njth;fs;> Kdpth;fs;> rpj;jh;fs;> mbahh;fs;>rPtuhrpfs; G+rpj;J tuk; ngw;wjhf rhpj;jpuq;fSk; fh;zguk;giu fijfSk; cz;L. <Rtuidf; NfJ G+rpj;jikahy; NfjP];tuk; vd;W te;jjhfTk; fUj ,lKz;L. ,dp mRuh;fSk; rptG+irapw; rpwe;jth;fs; vd;W mth; guk;giuia Nrh;e;j kz;Nlhjhp> kad; KjypNahUk; G+rpj;jjhfr; rhpj;jpuk; $Wfpd;wJ. ,yq;ifapy; gytpj mw;Gjq;fNshL tpNr\khf tzq;fp te;jJ ,e;j ];jyk; vd;W $wyhk;. ,J ,ilapNy nfhQ;rf; fhyk; kiwe;J fple;jJ. ekJ irtg;nghpahh; =y= MWKf ehtyh; fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dhf fz;L Muhjpf;fg;ngw;W te;jJ. mJ Kjy; fhyj;jpw;F fhyk; jpUj;jg;ngw;W ,e;jpah ehl;Lf;Nfhl;il efuj;jhuhYk;> ,yq;if tho; irt md;gh;fshYk; Mjhpj;J tzq;fp te;jJ. gpd;dh; ,w;iwf;F rpy Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dh; jpUf;NfjP];tu jpUg;gzpr;rig vd xd;W Vw;gLj;jp mjd; %yk; irtg;nghpahh; Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; mth;fs; Kjyhd md;gh;fspd; ngUk; Kaw;rpahy; <rhd rpthrhhpahh; eurpk;kidf;nfhz;L rfy ghp Fwpg;gpy; ,Ue;jgb Myaq;fs;> klq;fs;> FUFyk;> ghlrhiy> mf;fpufhuk; Kjyhditfs; vy;yhk; Kiwg;gb mikag;ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ. nghJthf xt;nthU klq;fspYk; Fwpg;gpl;l jpdq;fspy; tpNrl epfo;r;rpfs; eilngWtNjhL rpwg;ghf <oj;Jr; rptdbahh; jpUf;$l;lj;jhh; khh;fopj; jpUthjpiu gj;J ehl;fspYk; G+ir> jpahdk;>jpUKiw XJjy; Guhzg;gl;ldk;> rkar; nrhw;nghopTfs;> rptG+ir kfhehL Kjypa epfo;r;rpfSk; ele;J tUtijf; ftdpf;Fk;NghJ kzpthrfg;ngUkhd; ghba “,d;dpir tPizah; ahopdh;” vd;w jpUg;gs;sp vOr;rpg; ghl;L ekJ jpUf;NfjP];tuj;jpw;F kpfg; nghUj;jk; vd;Wk; ,Jjhdh jpUg;ngUe;Jiw vd;W epidf;fTk; Njhd;WfpwJ.

ïªJ xË

,g;gb mde;j mw;Gj epfo;r;rpfs; ele;J tUfpw jpUf;NfjP];tuj;jpy; jw;rkak; elhj;jp tUfpd;w jpUg;gzp rigahh; jq;fs; jpUg;gzp KiwahfTk;> rPf;fpukhfTk; rpwg;ghfTk; elf;f Ntz;Lnkd;gNj. cz;ikNahL czh;e;J “vd; nra;Nthk; ,iwth” vd;W kdKUfp epidf;f ,iw mUshy; gQ;rhl;rukhfpa ‘ekrptha’ vd;wtNu fhhpajhprpahf te;J mike;jhh;. ekrpthaj;ij mwpahj irth;fs; cyfpy; ,y;iy. MfNt nghJthfr; irt cyfq;fs; vy;yh ,lq;fspypUe;Jk; rpwg;ghf kNyrpah> rpq;fg;G+hpypUe;Jk; nghd;Dk;> nghUSk; Ftpe;jd. gpd;dUk; ekrpthak; Nra;ehl;bw;Fj; jha;ehL cjtp nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;W epidj;J ,e;jpa Njt];jhdq;fspypUe;Jk; MjPdq;fspypUe;Jk; fdjdthd;fsplkpUe;Jk; nghd;Dk; nghUSk; ngw;W ,e;jpah khky;yGuk; vd;w tpNrl rpw;gf; fy;Y}hp jiyth; %yk; Rkhh; VO mb Kjy; xU mbtiu cauk; mike;j gytpj j\;rzh%h;j;jp Jthughyfh;> Jthurj;jp> gjpfk; ghba rk;ge;jh;> Re;juh;> NfJ> Nrf;fpohh;> rkaFuth;> re;jhdFuth;> mjpfhu ee;jp <whf Rkhh;57f;F Nkw;gl;l fw;rpiy tpf;fpufq;fSk;> Nyhf tpf;fpufq;fs;> J}gpfs; ,itfSk; ,itfl;F kUe;Jk;> kUe;Jr; ruf;Fk; MjPdq;fspypUe;J ,ytrkha; MrpAlDk; nghd;DlDk; ngw;Wk; ,e;jj; jyj;jpNyNa itj;J thh;f;f Ntz;Lnkd;W xU Nrhkh];fe;jh; ,e;jpa [dhjpgjpapd; ghpR ngw;w rpwe;j tpf;fpuf thh;g;G Ntiy epGzh;fis tutioj;J mUikahf thh;f;fg;ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ. mJ fz;nfhs;shf;fhl;rp te;J ghUq;fs;. Rkhu; 400 whj;jYf;F Nkw;gl ,Uf;Fk;. ,e;j cUtj;jpd; mofpy; kaq;fp mWgj;J %d;W mbahh;fisAk; cyfj;jpNyNa thh;f;f Ntz;Lnkd;W jpl;lk; NghLfpwhh;fs;. ,it vy;yhk; ekrpthaj;jpd; ngUik vd;W nrhy;yyhk;. ,dp Fk;ghgpN\f fphpiar; rpwg;Gf;fs;> FUkhh; kfj;Jtk;> fphpahfhuk;>,itfs; rpwf;f ,e;jpah jUkGuk; Ntjrpthfktpj;Jthd; Mfk Mrphpah; mNj Nghd;W goepNtj rpthfk Mrphpah;fshfpa Ie;J rpthr;rhhpah;fs;> ,d;Dk; jpUKiwg; gz;bjh;fisAk; ekJ FbNaw;w ntspNaw;w mjpfhhpfSf;Fr; rhtp Nghl;L vOj;ij khw;wp tprhthf thq;fp tutioj;J G\;gtif Kjyhd tpNr\ mk;rq;fSld; ,yq;ifapYk; Rkhh; 64 rpthr;rhhpah;fSld; Nrh;j;J nra;j ahfr; rpwg;G> ahfrhiyr; rpwg;G> myq;fhur; rpwg;G> jputpa epiwT 15

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

,itfisr; nrhy;y ,d;DnkhU kyh; Ntz;Lk; vd;W epidj;J mikfpNwd; Rgk;.

MfNt jpUf;NfjP];tug;ngUkhdpd; kfh Fk;ghgpN\ fj;ij jhprpj;Njhh;> nra;jth;fs;> nra;tpj;jth;fs;> tuhky; ,Ue;J epide;Njhh;> epidahNjhh;> vy;yhUf;Fk; ngUq; fUizj;jlq; flyhfpa ngUkhd; mUs;Ghpthuhf.

rh;Nt Ieh RfpNdh gte;J> rk];j rd;kq;fshdp re;J. Rgk; (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\f tpoh kyh; (21-08-1976)> mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;w ntspaPL.)

$LNthk; ehkpd;Nw jpUf;NfjPr;rug; gjpapdpNy KUF Gd;difahw; Guk;%d;iw vhpnra;j mjpjPud; Njs;Sjkpo;g; ghkhiy tpUg;GlNd Gide;Nje;jp nkd;difahs; nfshp kfpo; kpd;dhh; kzpkhh;gd; fs;SWk; kyh;g;gjj;ij epide;JUFk; ehNandd; ntz;ziyfs; vOe;jhLk; ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; rpj;jj;Jl; GFe;njd;id Ml;nfhz; lUs;nra;j tpz;ztUk; kz;ztUk; Jjpf;f mUs;fpd;whNu! (1) rpj;jdtd; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj; Jiwfpd;whNu! (7)

fhyidf; fhyh Yijj;jUs; Ghpe;jtNd epy;yhj ,t;tho;it epiyahd njd;nwz;zp khyadpd; kdj;jUf;if typnfLj;j NrhjpaNd! Nghy;yhj Mirg; ngUk; Gaypw; rpf;Fz;l ghyhopap Yjpj;jnfhL yplKz;l kplw;NwhNd fy;yhj ehNad;ew; fjpawpah %lndid ghyhtpapd; fiuNkw;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; Js;shNu (2) epy;yhJ te;jhz;lhd; nfshp kzhdd;whNd! (8) nfhLk;Gypapd; Njhiyj;jd; diuNkyzp nra;J; ntz; nghbG+rp Kg;GhpE}y; mzpe;j nghd;khh;gd;: nkd; nfhbapilahs; kq;if nfshpAld; kfpo;fpd;w JbNae;Jk; ngUkhd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; Jiwfpd;whNu! (3)

rPh;fhop A+h;g;gps;is jPe;jkpohw; Nghw;wp: jz; zPuhSk; rilNky; ,skjpia mzpe;jtNd kiykfis AilahNd khd;kOitj; jhpj;NjhNd miyGuSk; ghyhtpapd; fiuNk Yiwfpd;whNu! (9)

jQ;rnkd ehbtUk; md;ghpd; tpidfbe;J mQ;rnyd mgafuk; je;njd;Wk; mUs;Ghpthd; er;ruit ey;yzpaha; mzpe;jjpUf; NfjPrd; gr;irkapy; elk;gapYk; G+k;nkhopypy; epiwfpdw ; hNu! (4)

ek;gpah&uhpd; ew;wkpo;eh Gfo;e;jpirj;j Jk;gpfs; gz;zpirf;Fk; NfjPr;rug; gjpapdpNy ek;gpf;ifAld; ehLk; mbathpdplh; Nghf;Fk; ek;gpuhd; khjpdpahs; ngshpAld; tsh;fpd;whNu! (10)

ntz;rq;f Kj;JlNd gtsKq; nfhzh;e;jpiwf;Fk; ntz;jpiufs; Mh;f;fpd;w ePyneLq; flNyhuk; nts;is tpilNWk; tpj;jfdhh; nfshpAld; Gs;spdq;fs; ,irghLk; G+q;fhtp Yiufpd;whNu! (5)

gy;YapUk; gy;YyFk; gilj;jUSk; NfjP];tuh;f;F fy;ypdhw; Nfhtpypidf; ftpDwNt fw;gpj;Njhk;! kd;Daph;fs; kz;Zyfpy; kfpo;e;Jyt ve;ehSk; ,d;dUisg; nghopfntd Ml;LfpNwhk; FlKOf;F! (11)

vz;zpyhg; gpwtpNaw;Wg; gpwe;jpwe; JoYfpd;w fz;zpyh ehNaidf; fUizapdhy; Mz;Lnfhz;l jz;zpyhr; #Lfpd;w mz;zNy kiwfs; Nghw;WKf; fz;zNd jpUf;NfjPr;ruj; Jiwfpd;whNu! (6)

thLNthhpd; ,Utpidiaf; fisNthdpd; gjkyiur; #LNthhpd; gpwg;gpwg;igj; Jilg;ghdpd; Gfionad;Wk; ghLNthhpd; ,lh; njhiyj;J kykUs;th dhjypdhy; $LNthk; ehkpd;Nw jpUf;NfjPr;rug; gjpapdpNy! (12)

ïªJ xË

16

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; kz;lyhgpN\fj;jpd; G+h;j;jpia Fwpf; F k; Kfkhf mfpy ,yq; i f ,e; J khkd; w k; elhj; J k; rq; f hgpN\fj; i j Kd; d pl; L ntspaplg; g Lk; kyhpy; ,e; J khkd; w j; jiytuhfTk; > jpUf; N fjP r ; r u jpUg; g zpr; r igapd; jiytuhfTk; neLq; f hykpUe; j Nrh; . fe; i jah itj; j paehjd; jpUf; N fjP r ; r u Mya GdUj;jhuzj;Jf;fhw;wpa Nritfisg;gw;wpr; rpe;jpg;gJ nghUj;jkhapUf;Fk;.

Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; gj;jhz;LfSf;F Nky; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rigf;Fj; jiytuhf ,Ue;Js;shh;fs;. ,f;fhyj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; jkf;nfd Xh; ,y; y j; i j mikj; j hh; . ‘nfhl; b y; ’ vd; g J mjd; ngah;. mjdpypUe;J nfhz;Nl jpUg;gzp Ntiyfis Nkw; g hh; i t nra; J nfhz; L te; j hh; f s; . ,g; g b mq; F trpj;Jte;jgbahy;jhd; Mya Ntiyfis Nkw;ghh;it nra;jNjhL mq;F tUk; E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd ahj;jphpfh;fSld; Neuhfj; n jhlh; G nfhs; s Kbe; j J. ,g; g b mth; f Sf; F Kd;Dk; gpd;DkpUe;j jpUf;NfjPr;ru Mya eph;thfpfs; xUtUk; mq;F trpf;ftpy;iy.

Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; fhyj;Jf;F Kd;Dk; gy nghpahh; f s; jpUf; N fjP r ; r u Myak; rk; g e; j khf mUe;njhz;lhw;wpAs;shh;fs;. MWKfehtyh; mth;fs; jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;jpy; gioagb Xh; Myak; mikf;f Ntz;ba mtrpaj;ij tw;GWj;jpAs;shh;fs;. gRgjprn; rl;bahh; mth;fs; gioa MyakpUe;j ,lj;ijf; fz;Lgpbj;J mt;tplj;jpy; xU rpW Myaj;ij epWtp Fk;ghgpN\fk; elhj;Jtpjj; hh;fs;. rptghjRe;juh; fhyj;jpy; gpugy ];jgjp nry;yf;fz;Z mth;fs;> fl;llf;fiyQh; eurpk;kd;> <rhd rpthr;rhhpahh; KjypNahhpd; MNyhridAld; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;Jf;F xU Kiwahd glk; jahhpj;Jf; nfhLj;jhh;. ,g;glj;jpd; gb cl;gpufhuk;> ,uz;lhk; tPjp> NjNuhLk; tPjp Kjypatw;iw mikj;J jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myag; GdUj;jhuz Ntiyia Muk;gpjj; ngUik Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjidr; rhUk;. tPjpfis mikj;jJk;> Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; ghpthuf; Nfhapy;fis mikf;f njhlq;fpdhh;. 1960Mk; Mz;by; tpehafh;> ituth;> Nrhkh];fe;jh;> gQ;rypq;fk;> kfhypq;fk;> Rg;gpukzpah;> eluhrh; KjypNahUf;Fhpa Nfhapy;fisg; G+h;j;jp nra;J jpUtUs; Jizf;nfhz;L Fk;ghgpN\fk; nra;J itj;jhh;fs;. ,g; g hpthuf; Nfhapy; f Sf; F s; kfhypq; f j; J f; F mikf;fg;gl;l kz;lgj;ij tpNrlkhf Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lk;.

ïªJ xË

,k; k z; l gk; mofhd J}z; f isf; n fhz; l J. ,q; F gpujp\;il nra;ag;gl;l rptypq;fk; kpfTk; goikahdJ. rpwpJ gpd; d g; g l; b Ue; j gbahy; > mjidg; Gjpjhf mikf; f g; g l; l tpy; i y. ,jidNa jkJ nrutpy; mikf;fg;gl;l kz;lgj;jpy; gpujp\;il nra;tpj;jhh;fs;. mjNdhL mjw;Fr; rfy mbahh;fSk; ghyhtpapypUe;J jPh;j;jf; fhtbnaLj;J te;J jhNk mgpN\fk; nra;tjw;F Vw;ghL nra;J itj;jhh;fs;. jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;Jf;F ,J xU rpwg;ghd mk;rkhapUf;fpwJ. ,J fhrp tpRtehjUf; F fq; f h jP h ; j ; j j; i j kf; f s; mgpN\fk; nra; t ij xj; J s; s J. ,g; g b mgpN\fk; nra;Ak; nghOJ kf;fSf;F Vw;gLk; Mde;jk; vOj;jpy; nrhy;yp mlq;fhJ. NkYk; jPh;j;jf; fhtbapdhy;> Nfhapy; jpUg; g zpf; F Mapuf; f zf; f py; gzk; Nrh; e ; J s; s J. ,k;Kiwia Vw;gLj;jpajw;fhf ehnkd;Wk; Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjUf;F ed;wpAs;sth;fshftpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mth; f s; fhyj; j py; jpde; N jhWk; ghyhtpapypUe; J jPh;j;jk; nfhz;L te;J mgpN\fk; nra;j gpd;dNu G+ir nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,g;nghOJk; ,k;Kiw ifahsg;gLfpwnjd epidf; f pd; N wd; . ,y; y htpl; l hy; mth; ngauhy; xU fl;lis Vw;gLj;jp ,J xOq;fhf eilngWtjw;F Vw;ghL nra;aNtz;Lk;.

Nrh; . fe; i jah itj; j paehjd; jpdrhp G+irapy; jpUKiwfSf;F rpwe;j ,lj;ij Vw;gLj; j paJ. ,d; D nkhU rpwe; j mk; r khFk; . Fd; w f; F b mbfshh; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; nrd;wpUe;j nghOJ jkpopYk; topghL eilngwNtz;Lnkd tw;GWj;jpdhh;. jkpopYk; topghL eilngwNtz;Lk;nkd;gij Vw;Wf;nfhz;l Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd;mth;fs;> toikahd G+irNahL jkpo; kiwNahJjiyAk; Nrh;f;fj;jPh;khdpj;jhh;. tof;fkhf Nfhtpyf; spy; G+irfnsy;yhk; Kbe;j gpdN ; g jpUKiwfis XJthh;fs;.

Mdhy; Nrh;.fe;ijah xt;nthU gpujhd rd; d pjhdj; j pYk; gQ; r huhj; j p fhl; l Kd; > G+irapd; mk;rkhf jpUKiwfis XJtjw;F xOq;F nra;Js;shh;fs;. ehdwpe;j tiuapy; <oehl;by; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; jhd; ,k; K iw ifahsg; g l; L tUfpwJ. kW Nfhtpy; f Sk; ,k;Kiwia gpd;gw;WtJ tpUk;gj;jf;fJ. Nrh;.fe;ijah fhyj;jpNyNa khe;ij re;jpapypUe;J jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; J f; F jhh; tP j pAk; ; > kpd; r hu trjpAk; > ghyhtpf;F fl;LNtiyAk;> kzpAk;> kzpf;NfhGuKk;> 17

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

jghy; epiyak; KjypadTk; mikf;fg;gl;ld. jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;jpy; gpuhkzg;gpsi ; sfisg; gapwW ; tjw;F xU FUFyj; i j mfpy ,yq; i f ,e; J khkd; w j; j pd; Mjutpy; epWtpaJ Nrh;.fe;ijahtpd; ,d;DnkhU rpwe;j gzpahFk;. gpuhkzg;gps;isfis Myar; #oypy; gioa FUFy Kiwg; g b gapw; W tjw; F xOq; F nra; j hh; f s; .

Ntjhfkq; f spYk; > irt rpj; j he; j rhj; j puq; f spYk; jpUKiwfspYk;> ,jpfhr Guhzq;fspYk; gapwr; p; ngWtjw;F xOq; F nra; j hh; f s; . ,jid elhj; J tjw; F mr; R Ntyp FkhuRthkpf; FUf;fspdJk;> nfhf;Ftpy; FkhuRthkp GythpdJk; cjtpiag; n gw; w hh; f s; : ,f; F UFyj; i j epWTtjw;F jpUkjp. rpthde;jk; jk;igahTk;> mnkhpf;f fy;tp epWtdj;jhUk; nghUSjtp nra;jdh;. ,g;nghOJ ,f; F UFyk; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; j py; eilngwhjpUg; g J xU ngUq; F iwahFk; . rpw; r pytplq; f spy; gpuhkzg; gps; i sfSf; F Ntjhfk tFg; G fs; elhj; J tjpdhy; rpthde;j FUFyj;jpd; ,yl;rpaq;fs; epiwNtwh. gioagb xUrpy gps;isfis nfhz;NlDk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; FUFyj;ij elj;JtNj Nrh;.fe;ijah ,j;Jiwapy; Mw;wpa gzpf;Ff; ifkhwhFk;.

Nrh; . fe; i jahtpd; jiyikapy; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; Kd;Ndwp tUtijf; fz;l gpw kjj;jth; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;Jf;nfd tplg;gl;l fhzpapy; mj;JkPwpr; FbNawpdh;. ,k; k jj; i jr; Nrh; e ; j Nkyplj; j hUf; F Nrh; . fe; i jah Kiwapl;lg;NghJk; mth;fs; thshtpUe;jdh;. ,jdhy; mth; ,t; t p\aj; i j eP j pkd; w k; tiuf; F k; vLj; J r; nry;y Neu;e;jJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy; mth; gl;l f\;lk; msg;gpy.

mth; ,g;gb chpa fhyj;jpy; Kaw;rpnaLj;jgbahNyNa jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; Gdpjj;jd;ik fhf;fg;gl;lJ. Nrh;.fe;ijahTf;F jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpypUe;j <Lghl;il tpsf;Fk; xU rk;gtj;ij ,q;F Fwpg;gpl tpUk;Gfpd;Nwd;. ,ij vdf;F mth;fNs aho;g;ghzj;Jf;F mth;fs; nra;j filrp gpuahzj;jpd; NghJ $wpdhh;. ll;yp Nrdhehaf;fh mg;nghOJ gpujkuhftpUe;jhh;. xU ehs; ll;yp mtiu re;jpj;j nghOJ gpd;tUkhW $wpdhh;.

“Nrh;.fe;ijah ePq;fs; Vd; vd;id ,g;nghOJ mjpfk; re;jpg;gjpy;iy.ghhp];> yz;ld; Kjypa ,lq;fisj; jtpu Vida ,lq;fspy; cah; ];jhdpfh; gjtpfs; fhypahf tpUf;fpd;wd. ,tw;wpy; xd;iw ePq;fs; Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhy; ngUk; cjtpahftpUf;Fk;”. mjw;F mth; $wpatpil gpd;tUkhW:“cq;fs; FLk;gj;Jf;F (Nrdehaf;fh FLk;gj;Jf;F) kfpaq;fid vg;gbNah mg;gbNa jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; vdf;F. vd; tho;fi ; fia mjd; tsh;rr; pfn; fd mh;gg; zpjJ ; s;Nsd;.

Mdgbahy; ntspehl;Lf;F Nghf trjpg;glhJ. cs;ehl;by; VNjh cjtp nra;a KbAkhdhy; mjidr; nra;Ntd;”.

Nkw;$wpatw;why; Nrh;.fe;ijah jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpw;F Mw;wpa gzpfisAk; mth;fSf;F mt;thyaj;jpypUe;j <Lghl; i lAk; ftdpj; N jhk; . mth; Muk; g pj; J itj; j jpUg; g zpfs; epiwNtwp tUk; ,f; f hyj; j py; mth; f s; Qhgfj;ijg;Nghw;wpg; ghJfhg;gJ irtkf;fs; fldhFk;.

(ed;wp: jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\f tpoh kyh; (21-08-1976)> mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;w ntspaPL.)

jpt;aN~j;jpuk; (gz;bjkzp: rp.fzgjpg;gps;is mth;fs;) ‘Nfoy; ntz;kUg; gzpe;jePs; khh;gh;Nf jPr;ruk; gphpahNu’ ‘glNthpil klthnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; jplkhTiw fpd;whd;jpUf; NfjPr;rue; jhNd’ ‘gl;lthp EjyhnshL ghyhtpapd; fiuNky; rpl;ld;eik Ms;thd;jpUf; NfjPr;ruj; jhNd’ “………. Cah;jpU khNjhl;lj; jz;zy; ez;ZNf jPr;ruk; milgth;f; fUtpid ailahNt” “….. khNjhl;lj; jj;jh; kd;Dgh yhtpapd; fiuapw;Nf jPr;ruk; milkpd;Nd” “……. kwpfly; khNjhl;lj; jbf shjhpj; jpUe;jNf jPr;ruk; ghpe;jrpe; ijauhfp Kbfs; rha;j;jb Ngzty; yhh;jk;Nky;

ïªJ xË

nkha;j;njOk; tpidNahNk” “…. ,Uq;flw; fiuapdpy; vopy;jpfo; khNjhl;lk; Nfb yhjNf jPr;rue; njhOnjof; nfLkplh; tpidjhNd” “fUj epd;wNf jPr;ruq; ifnjhof; fUtpid ailahNt” “khl yhk;kz Kunrdf; flypid njhypfth; khNjhl;lj; jhl NtWil mz;zy;Nf jPr;ruj; jbfis azpfhop ehL shh;f;fpiw Qhdrk; ge;jd;nrhy; etpd;now ghkhiyg; ghl yhapd; ghLkpd; gj;jh;fs; gufjp ngwyhNk” (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\f tpoh kyh; (21-08-1976)> mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;w ntspaPL.) 18

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

Ò

jpUf;NfjPr;ru epidTfs; ×

×

ngh.fpU\;zgps;is

(Kd;idehs; tphpTiuahsh; gyhyp Mrphpah; fyhrhiy)

,iwtDf;F Nfhapy; mtrpakh?

Md; k hTk; nrhy; n yhzhr; rhe; j papy; mkpo; e ; J tJ cUtkhd ,f;NfhtpYf;Fj; njhz;L nra;j jpUj;njhz;lh; mbfis gzpNthkhf. rjhrptg;gpuNke;jpuh; mjp rpwe;j cj;jk gf;jh;. mtiu xU NfhtpYf;F mth;jk; ngUik Nehf;fpg; Ngud;Gg; nghpahh;fs; G+irapaw;WkhW Ntz;bdh;. ve; e hSk; rjh ,iw jpahdj; j py; %o; f papUe; j nghpahh; jhNd flyhfp> kioahfp>Mwhfp>ePh;epiyahfp ,t;nty;yhtw;wpw;Fk; fhuzuhAs;s ,iwtDf;F rpW nrg;G Flj;jpy; ePh; nkhz;L mgpNlfk; nra;J rpy G+f;fs; ,l;L topgLjy; vg;gb KiwahFk; vd;W Ngnuy;iy fle;j ngUk; guid Nehf;fp tUe;jp fz;zPh; fYo;e;jhh;. mUtKk; cUtKkhfp mehjpaha; gytha; xd;wha;> gpukd; jk;ik mUtj;jpNyh> cUtj;jpNyh> mUTUtj;jpNyh gf;jpaha; topgLjiy Vw;wUSfpdw ; ngUq;fhUz;aj;ij ,J fhl;Lfpd;wJ. mtid> gf; F tk; tha; f ; f hj ek; Nghd; N whh; cUtj;jpy; tpff; puf tbtpy; tzq;FfpdN ; whk;. vq;fspYk; ghh;f;fg; gf;Ftk; $ba kfhd;fs; mUTUthfp Nkdp Njhw;wpAk; Njhw;whkYk; ,Uf;fpd;w rptypq;f tbtpy; topgLfpd;wdh;. mjp rpwe;j khngUk; kfhd;fs; mtiu cUtNk mw;w rpjhfhr tbtpy; khdjkhf vg;nghOJk; topgl;L ngUk;Ngnwa;Jth;. Rthkp tpNtfhde;jUk; NtW vq;fpDk; cUtKk; glKk; itj;J tzq;FNthh; mjptlf; N fAs; s klnkhd; w py; mUttopghl; i lNa iff;nfhs;s Ntz;Lnkd;W gzpj;jhh;. khngUk; njhy;iyfSf;fpyf;fhfp MWk;> kiyAauKk;> fpLfpL ghjhsq;fSk;> gaq;fu fhLfSk;> gzpg;ghiwfSk;> ,be;J rhpe;J tpOk; fw;ghiwfSk; epiwe;j ,kaj;jpy; ,ij jhprdk; nra;Nthh; ngUk;ghYk; ifiy Nghd; w fz; f hzh flTSiw Gdpjg; gFjpfisay;yth mjp rpwg;ghf ehbj; NjLfpd;wdh;. ,ilawhJ gdpkio nga;Ak; mDfKbahg; gFjpfspYk; cah; kdpjh; cilf; FiwTld; CZkw;W capUld; jpUtUs; tyj;jhy; trpj;jiy Rthkp rpj;gthde;jUk;> mtpehrpypq;fk; nrl;bahUk; NtW nghpahUk; NeNu fz;L ed;F czh;jj; papUf;fpdw ; hh;fs;. ,/J vj;Jiz mjprak;! jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;Jf;Fj; njhz;L nra;Njhh; rpjhfhr tbthfpa ,g; g urpt cUtj; i j nfshp mk; i kahNuhL NfjP ] ; t uehjdhfj; jkJ mUikj; jpUKiwfspy; ,aw;if moNfhL Nrh;j;J ghbAs;shh; Vohk; E}w; w hz; L j; jpUQhdrk; g e; j g; ngUkhDk; > xd;gjhk; E}w;whz;L Re;ju %h;j;jp mbfSk;. ,f; N fhtpypd; ngUik Nehf; f pr; i rtg; nghpahh; gyu; mjw;F fl;llKk; mikj;J FlKOf;Fk; gyKiw Ml;bdh;. ,t;nty;yhtw;iwAk; ngw;Wk; nfshp rNkj

Md; k hf; f s; kP J nfhz; l NguUl; fUizahy; ,iwtd; Md;khf;fs; jd;id topgl;L ca;taila gw;gy ,lq;fspYk; jpUf;Nfhtpy;fs; mikf;fr; nra;J vOe;jUsp ,Uf;fpd;whd;. “Chpyhd; Fzq;Fwpapyhd; ciuf; F k; Nghpyhd; > xU Kd; d pyhd; gpd; d pyhd; jdf;nfhU rhh;gpyhd;…… caph;f; flTsha; vd;Ds;Ns epd;whd;". ,j;jifa nghpahDf;Ff; NfhtpYf;Fhpa mtrpankd; i d? vy; y h caph; f Sk; ca; t iltjw; nghUl;Nl. fhlth; kd;dd; mofhd fw;Nfhtpy; fl;b vk;ngUkhid vOe;jUsr; nra;Ake;ehspy; Aj;jj;jpd; nfhLikahy; G+ryhh; ngUkhdhh; ChpNy fhR Nrh;f;f KbahJ tUe;jpdhh;. Mdhy; kdj;jhy; jpUf;Nfhtpy; fhz;liy epWj;jpdhhpy;iy. murDk; mg;ngUkd;gDk; xNu jpdj;jpy; vk; n gUkhid vOe; j Usr; n ra; a epidj; j pUe; j dh; .

MapDk; ,iwtd; md; g h; kdf; N fhtpypd; f z; jhk; vOe; j Us ,Ug; g jhy; murDf; F j; jhk; G+ryhh; GJf;Nfhtpypy; md;W GFtijf; fdtpy; mwptpj;jhh;. murd; clNd gf; j iuf; f z; L tzq; f g; G wg; g l; L md;dhiu Njbf;fhz;gjpy; ngUk;ghLgl;lhd;. <w;wpy; G+ryhh; jk; kdf;Nfhtpiy> fz;fhZk; fw;NfhtpypYk; ghh;f;f mjprpwg;Gilajha; ,Uj;jiy mwpe;J jk;ikAk; xU nghUl;lhf epidj;J vk;ngUkhd; jpUtpisahliy cd;dp nef;F nef;FUfpdh;. ,iwtd; Kj;jpUTU irth;fs; ,iwtid cUtpy; itj;Jk; mUtkhfTk; rptypq;fk; Nghy mUTUtkhfTk; jj;jk; gf;Ftj;jpw;Nfw;g topgliy mwpahj me;epa kjj;jpdh; fw;Nfhtpy;fis ,bj;Jg; nghbahf;fp fLehrk; nra;apd; irtk; mope;njhope;JtpLnkd tPnzz;zq;nfhz;L mlhjdnty; y hk; nra; j dh; . jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; %d; W E}w; w hz; L fs; k z; z pw; Gije; J ,bgl; L rpije; J ,Uf;FkplKk; njhpahkw; Nghapw;W. irtkfhd; ehtyh; ngUkhd; jpUePW jhpgN ; ghh; Kad;why; ,f;Nfhtpiy kPlL ; q; fhz;ly; ,ayf;$banjdf; fjwpdhh;. mf; f hyr; irthpd; cWjpapd; i kahy; mtuJ jpUntz;zk; if$lhjjhapw;W.MapDk; mz;ikapy; jpUf; F lKOf; F j; jpj; j pg; g hf ,yq; i fapd; gyghfr; irtUk; xUq;Fjpuz;L neQ;R nef;FUf> fhjyhfpf; frpe;J fz;zPh;ky;f> epfo;e;jNghJ mg;ngUkhd; Md;kh rhe;jpAw;wpUf;Fk; vd;gjpy; jilNaJkpy;iy. gpd;G gy Kiw ,t;thyak; jpUj;jKw mikj;j gRgjpr; nrl;bahh; Kjy; fe; i jah itj; j paehjd; <whf vy; N yhh; j k;

ïªJ xË

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19

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

jpUf;NfjP];tuehjh; NtW Xu; gf;jid ,jw; n fd; N w thor;nra;jhd;. kad;> Jtl;lh> ,uhtzd;> kz;Nlhjhp> ,uhkd; topgl;l ,j;jyj;ij Nrho ghz;baUk; jpUj;jp ,jd; G+ridf;Nfw;wtw;iw kpfg; gioa fhyj;jpNy nra;J itj;jdh;.td;dpehl;L kd;dUk; aho;g;ghz murUk; nra;j njhz;LfSk; ek; mfj;ijtpl;lfyh. Njthuj; jpUKiwfs; ,f;Nfhtpypd; ngUikia vLj;Jiuj;jjhy; ,J gq;fk; cw;w fhyj;Jk; kf;fs; mfj;Nj Fbnfhz;Ljhd; ,Ue;jJ.,iw jpUtpisahlYf;F xU vy;iyAz;Nlh!. rptkzp itj;jpaehjd; jpUj;njhz;Lfs; ,d; W jpUf; N fhapy; ,j; J iz J}uk; Kd; NdwpapUg;gjw;Ff; fhuzh; ,Ughiy cilahh; fe;ijah nra; j jtg; g adhw; gpwe; j rptkzp itj; j paehjd; mth; f Ns. Muk; g f; fy; t pia aho; g ; g hzj; j pYk; > nfhOk;gpYk; fw;whh;. gpd; kUj;Jtf; fy;Y}hpapy; fw;whh;.

Md;khf;fspd; gpwtpgg; pzpfF ; kUe;J je;j ,g;nghpahh; cly; eyf;fy;tpapy; fUj;J}d;whJ mjid tpl;Ltpl;L khdpl ,dtuyhw;Wj;Jiw (Anthropology)apy; rpwg;G gl;lk; ngw;W rptpy; NritapYk; (Civil Service) rpjj; pnaa;jp epUthf Nritfs; Mw;wpdh;. murpay; Kiwfs; ed;fwpe;jth;.

Mifahy; Nrh; . (Sir) gl; l k; ngw; W murhq; f rigapy; mikr; r Ukhdhh; . gytpj fy; t pj; J iwfspYk; ed; F NjhAk; ,aw;if Mw;wy; gilj;j ,tiu vk;ngUkhd; jkJ njhz;Lg; gapw;rpapYk; <Lgl;Liof;fr; nra;J G+uz kdpjuhf; f pr; irtj; J iwapy; jd; d pfuw; W tpsq; f r; nra;jhh;.

ghyhtpj; jPh;j;jf; fhtb vLg;Nghh; tupirapy; jhKk; xUj;juha; epd;W Nfhtpy; cs;tPjpapd; Nky;ghYs;s kfh ypqf; j;jpwF ; mgpNlfKk; Myaj;Jf;F tUthAk; Mf;fpdh;.

NgUilazpe; J murhq; f cj; j pNahfj; j py; mkh; e ; j ,g;ngUkfd; ehd;F Ko Ntl;bAk; rpW Jz;Lr; rhy;itAk; mzpe;J cs;sk; cUfp kfh ypq;fg;gpuhd; jpUNkdpapy; <ukpd;wp md;G kpFjpahy; mjid xw;wp xw;wp nra;j jpUj;njhz;L ehapNdd; ,jaj;ij CLUtpw;W. mth; NfjP]t ; uehjid mile;j mz;ikapy; kfhypqN ; f];tuh; re; e pjpapy; epw; f KbahJ cUf; f Nk cUthfp epd; W mg;nghpahiuAe; njhONjd;. gz;ila jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;ij ,d;W fhz mg;nghpahh; nra;j jpUj;njhz;L xg;Gah;tw;wJ. Nfhtpy; mz;ikapy; nfhl;by; xd;W mikj;Jj;jhd; elf;fKbahj gpwf; hyj;Jk; ,iwtd; NfhGujhprdk; fz;L mtid topgl tifnra;jhh;. mq; F eP N yhw; g yj; njhl; b mikj; J KUfid vOe; j Usr; n ra; j hh; . nraw; i fahd nghUs; f spd; w p fl;by; gLf;if Mfpatw;iwAk; rPnke;jhy; mikj;J Rthpd; ntspaplq; f spy; nfhb th; f ; f q; f isg; glur; nra; J mjidANk mUikAilj; j hf; f pdhh; . gf; j h; ngUthpirapy; vk; fz; Kd; epw;Fk; nghpahuJ ghhpahh; ,d; W k; mth; nrhw; f lthJ Nfhtpy; jpUg; g zpfspy; fUj;Jr; nrYj;jp tUtJk; ek; jtg;gaNd. (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjP];tuk; kz;lyhgpN\f tpoh kyh; (21-08-1976)> mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;w ntspaPL.)

nfshpNa fhl;rpaUs;tha; -t.Nfhtpe;jgps;isme;juj; JyTfhh; Kfpy;tpQ;R $e;jYk;

mzpnra;jh uifia tpQ;Rk; moFyT tpopfSl DyTkpU Fz;lyj;

joNfhL jpyftoFk; re;jpuh;f nshUNfhb NrhpDk; tpQ;rpLe;

jz;zsp Kfj;jpdoFe; jUgts thapNdhL Kj;njhspU KWtYQ;

rhh;j;jpAs gl;bdoFQ; nre;jpU kle;ijAiw fkyj;ij tpQ;RnkhU

jpUtbgp doFq;fz;L rpe;ijfsp $Ukb ahh;fstpid ePq;fplj;

NjDz;l kJfukjha;f; fe;jkyu; #l;bAd; Gfo;ghb ahblf;

fz;fz;l nja;tkhfpf; flYyT ghyhtpf; fiu kPJ ehjDld;

nfshpNa fhl;rpaUs;tha;! (1)

kpz;Ltyp nfhs;flw; fykpoe; jtd;epiyapy;

NtjidAs; %o;fp%o;fp kpf;fgy GiuNawp %e;ew;W ntOfpd;w

Ntisapy; tpjptrj;jhw; fz;LdJ gjkuiug; gw;wpg; gpbj;jgpDq;

fjwpehd; kbjy; KiwNah! flYyT ghyhtpf; fiu kPJ ehjDld;

nfshpNa fhl;rpaUs;tha;! (2)

njz;zpyh Ntzpahd; te;jpj;J kfpo;NthL

rpe;ijapw; #Lk;gjk; jpUkfSk; fiykfSk; rakfSk; te;Jjpdk;

rpukPJ #Lk;gjk; vz;ZW rpthfk GuhzNt jhe;jKk;

,yq;fpkpsph; ew;G+k;gjk; ,izaw;w ee;jpKjw;; rptfzj; jiyth;fSk;

Vj;jpj; Jjpf;Fk;gjk; vz;zhpa ew;fy;tp nry;tnkd; nwjidAk; gz;ZyT Qhdrk; ge;jNdhL Re;jud;

vdf;fPe;j jpy;iytho;tpy;

ghkhiy nfhs;G+k;gjk; ,jkhd Rw;wNkh ez;gNuh tha;j;jplTk; gf;jpkpF kbath;fs; rpj;jj;Js; epj;jKk;

VJf;f shftpy;iy

gjpj;JyT nghw;G+k;gjk; kz;kPjp yplh;kpbik gpzpfNs Rw;wkha; fz;zpYk; kdj;jpYk; mfyhJ fhl;bnad;

tUj;jpj; Juj;jplTk;kPs; fz;fz;l nja;tkhfpf; topnahd;W fUjpahd; nrd;wtpl nkq;fZk; flYyT ghyhtpf; fiukPJ ehjDld;

thijNa $l;bitj;jha;

nfsupNa fhl;rpaUs;tha;! (3) (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; jpUf;Flj; jpUkQ;rd kyh; - es Mz;L Mdp cf 04-07-1976> jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rig ntspaPL)

ïªJ xË

20

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

âU¡nfÔ¢ru MyaK« khªij¤ JiwKfK« Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd;

jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;J khe;ijj; ,iwtd; Gfio ehad; k hh; ,Uth; ghbg; gutpdh;. mth;fSs; JiwKfk; xUth; Vohk; Ehw; w hz; b y; tho;e;j jpUQhdrk;ge;j%h;j;jp ehadhh; . kw; w th; xd; g jhk; Ehw;whz;by; irtk; tsh;j;j Re;ju%h;j;jp Rthkpfs;.

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fiuf;Fk; ,ilNa ,Ue;j gFjp md;W fg;gw; Nghf;Ftuj;jpw;F Vw;wjhf tpsq;fpw;W. vjph;g;gf;fkhf Xba ePNuhl;lq;fshy; ,g;gFjpapy; kzw;wplh;fs; vJTk; Vw;gltpy;iy. njd;fpof;F njd;Nkw;Ff; fhw; W f; f s; vjph; g ; g f; f khf ePNuhl;lq;fisr; nrYj;jf; fhuzkhapd. vdNt jilfs; vJTkpd;wp Mokhf mike; j pUe; j ,f; f hy; t ha; f ; $lhff; fg;gy;fs; vspjhfr; nrd;Wtu Kbe;jJ. Mdhy; ,t;thW MoKk; mfyKk; cilajha;r; rpwg;Gld; tpsq;fpa kd;dhh;f; fhy;tha; Rhp epiwe;J fg;gw;Nghf;F tuj;jpw;Fj; jilaha; khwpaJ vq;qdk;? khe; i jj; JiwKfk; kzw; Fd; W fs; epiwe; J k; > miyGuz;Nlhba ghyhtp gs;skhfTk;> mjidaLj;j ghfq;fs; kzw;wpluhfTk; khwpaJ vt;thW? khj; j isg; gFjpapd; gue; j gs; s j; j hf; f py; Xba ePUk; ky;tj;J XahTk; Nrh;e;J ghyhtp vd;w ngaNuhL md; W khe; i jf; flypy; fye; j J. mt; t hW Xba ky;tj;J Xah jd;gLf;ifia khw;wpj; njw;Fg; gf;fkhf kjthr;rpg; gFjpf;$lhfg; gha;tjhapw;W. ,f;fUj;ijNa mz; i kapy; ,yq; i fapy; tpQ; Q hd mbg; g ilapy; ky;tj;J Xah ePh;g;ghrdj; jpl;lj;ijf; Fwpj;J Ma;e;j &rpag; NguhrphpaUk; typAWj; j pr; nrd; w hh; . ,/J ,t; t hwhfg; Gjpjhf ntl; l g; n gw; w “khngUq; Fsk; ” ( Giant’s Tank) xd; W ghyhtpia ,uz; l hfg; gphpj; J tpl;lJ. mt;thW gphpe;j ePhpd; xU gFjp mUtpahW vd;w ngaNuhL ,d;W kd;dhh; jPTf;Fg; gy fy; njhiytpy; flypy; tpOfpd; w J. ,t; t hW ,uz; l hfg; gphpe; j jd; fhuzkhfg; ghyhtpapd; Kfj; J thuk; NrWk; RhpAk; epiwe; j jhf khwpw; W . NkYk; Gjpjhf mikf; f g; g l; l Giftz;bg;ghijAk; fw;ghijAk; kd;dhh;f; fhy;thia Kw; w hf kiwj; J tpl; l d. Giftz; b g; g hijahYk; fw; g hijahYk; kd; d hh; j ; jP T ,yq; i fNahL ,izf;fg;gl;lNghJ jiykd;dhh; ,e;jpahtpw;Ff; fpl;ba JiwKfkhapwW ; . guhf;fpukghF kd;dd; fhyj;jpypUe;Jk; Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; tUifapypUe;Jk; jiykd;dhh; rpwe;j 21

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

JiwKfkhf mike;J tpsq;fpw;W. khe;ij vt;thW Kf; f pa JiwKfkhf tpsq; f paNjh mNjNghd; W jiykd;dhUk; Kf;fpak; ngw;Wj; jpfoj; njhlq;fpaJ. fp.K.gjpndhuhk; Ehw;whz;bd; Kd; Rkhh; ,uz;lhapuk; Mz;Lfshf khNjhl;lk; rPUk; rpwg;Gk; ngw;Wj; jpfo;e;jJ. ,e;jpahtpw;Fk; <oj;jpw;Fk; chpa rpwe;j JiwKfkhfTk; mike;J tpsq;fpw;W. my;yhkYk; ,e;jpahtpypUe;J nfhz;L tug;ngw;w gz;lq;fis Nkw;F ehLfSf;F Vw;Wkjp nra;Ak; JiwKfkhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. jkpofj;jpd; njd;fiuapNy mike;J kpsph;e;j “,uhNk]; t uj; j pw; F ” <Lk; ,izAk; cs; s jha; <oj; j pNy kd; d hh; f ; f iuapNy ‘jpUf; N fjP ] ; t uk; ’ mike;J tpsq;Ffpdw ; jd;Nwh! Mdhy; ,e;jpahtpypUe;J ,yq; i ff; F te; j me; e pah; gilfshy; gyKiw jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; my;yYf;Fs;shapwW ; . vdNt vjphf; f; iuapy; jpfo;e;j ,uhNk];tuk; gilnaLg;Gf;fshy; gq;fg;glhky; rpwg; G ld; tpsq; f j; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; rP u ope; J rpwg; G f; Fd;wpw;W. <oj;Jj; jkpo; kf;fspd; tho;T jho;tpw;Nfw;gj; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; cah; e ; J k; jho; e ; J k; te; j J. Nrho kd; d h; f s; ,yq; i fiag; nghydWitapy; ,Ue; J Ml;rp nra;j fhyj;jpy; khNjhl;lk;> jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; Mfpa ,uz;bdJk; me;j];J cr;r epiyia mile;jJ. Mdhy; murpaypy; Vw;gl;l khw;wk; mitfspd; rpwg;igj; jpBnudr; rPuopar; nra;jJ. jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; rpwg;Gld; ,Ue;j fhyj;jpy; ,uh[uhN[];tuk; vd;w ngaNuhLk; toq;fg;glyhapw;W. aho;g;ghzj;Jr; rpq;if efhpNy mur FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;j fhuzj;jhy; guhf;fpukghF kd;dd; aho; g ; g hzf; Flhehl; b d; Nky; me; j uq; f khd mDjhgKilatdhapUe; j hd; . ,d; D k; Kjyhk; Re; j ughz; b ad; (fp.gp.1251-1280) Ml; r pf; f hyj; j py; jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; murdpd; Mjuitg; ngw;W ghz;bakd;dh; fhyr; rpw; g Kiwapy; GJg; g pj; J f; fhl; l g; g l; L s; s J. ,d; W jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; j py; fhzg; n gWk; fw; r pw; g q; f s; ,t; T z; i kia typAWj; J k; rhd; W fshk; . NkYk; FLkpah kiyapYs; s rlhth; k d; tP u ghz; b adpd; fy; n tl; L xd; W mtd; <oj; j py; <l; b a ntw; w piag; Gfo;eJ ; NgRfpdw ; J. <oj;J murid ntd;w Njhly;yhky; mtid fg;gk; fl;LkhWk; nra;jhd; vd;Wk; jdJ ,ul;il kP d ; Kj; j piuiaAk; nfhbiaAk; Nfhzhkiyapy; (jpUNfhzkiy) nghwpjJ ; j; jd; ehL jpUk;gpdhd; vd;Wk; mf; fy;ntl;L vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ. vdNt rlhth;kd; Ml;rpf;fhyj;jpNy jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; mtdpd; Mjuitg; ngw; w pUf; f yhk; . ,yq; i fia ntd; w rlhth; k d; fly; topahfj; jpUNfhzkiyf;Fr; nrd;wpuhtpl;lhy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; mtdhjuitg; ngw;wpUf;Fk;.

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Neubahd Ml;rpia 1617 tiuapYk; Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; Vw; g Lj; j tpy; i y. jkJ thzpfg; ngUf; f j; j pw; F j; JizGhpe;j tsk;kpf;f njd;khfhzq;fspYk; ghh;f;f jq;fs; FbNaw;wj;jpw;Fg; ghJfhg;gspf;fj; jFjpAilajhf ,Ue;j aho;g;ghzj;ijg; Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; ePz;lfhykhf tpUk; g p te; j dh; . Ml; r pf; F g; gzpahj mg; g Fjpapy; jkJ kjj; i jAk; gug; g g; ghLgl; l dh; . ,g; g Fjpiaf; ifg;gw;w 1544Mk; Mz;by; Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; Kad;wdh;.

Nghh; j ; J f; N fah; nlf; f hdpy; ,e; J Myaq; f isf; nfhs; i sabf; f r; nrd; w NghJ ,t; t hW Kad; w dh; . aho;g;ghzf; Flhehl;bd; jiytidf; fz;L jk; fPo;r; rpw; w urdhf ,Ue; J fg; g q; fl; L khW tw; G Wj; j pdh; . mij tpUk; g hj tplj; J mtd; jk; N khL Nrh; e ; J Nghhplj; jahuhfNtz;Lk; vd;W $wpdh;. mj;jiytd; Kd; i dajw; F ,zq; f p Mz; n lhd; W f; F 4000 Lf;fl;]f; ; fg;gk; fl;l ,ire;jhd;. mNj Mz;by; kd;dhh;g; gFjp kf;fs; gyh; tz.gpuhd;rp]; Nrtpahpd; Mizapd; fPo; cNuhkd; fj;Njhypf;fuhf khwpdh;. aho;g;ghzj;ij Ml;rp nra;j kd;dd; kjkhw;wj;ij NtuWf;f kjk; khwpa mWEhW Ngh;fisf; nfhd;W xopj;jhd;.Vd;? kjk; khwpa jdJ jdadpd; jiyiaNa nfha;J tpl;lhd;!. ,ijf; fz;Zw;w ,uz;lhtJ kfd; je;ijf;Fg; gae;J Nfhth nrd;W mq;Nf ruzile;jhd;.” “,t;thW tuk;G fle;J nfhLikfs; nra;j murDf;F cWjpahd> nkJthd> Mdhy; fLikahd jz;lid mspf;Fk;gb %d;whk; N[hd; ,e;jpa it];Nuha;f;Ff; fl; l isapl; l hd; . ,jdhy; kd; d hh; g ; gFjpapYs; s fpwp];jth;fs; Kd;Nghyj; njhy;iyfSf;Fs;shdhh;fs; vd;Wk; Nfhthtpw;F Xbr; nrd;wtdpd; mz;zDila muRhpik gwpf;fg;gl;lJ vd;Wk; ,U fhuzq;fisf; fhl; b 1560Mk; Mz; b y; ,e; j pa it]; N uha; ‘nlhd; nfhd; ] ; l hd; i ld; b gpufhrh; ’ ( Don Constanine De Braganza) aho;gg ; hzf; Flh ehl;bd; kPJ Nghh; njhLj;jhd;. b.nfsNltpd;(De Couto) ,e;jpa tuyhw;wpd; vOgjhtJ gphpT ,jid ed; F tpsf; f pf; $Wfpd; w J. mjd; g b nfhr;rp Nkw;wpuhzpahh; Nghh;j;J f;N fag; gilfSld; ,q;F te;jhh; vd;Wk; flw;fiuapNy gypgPlk; xd;iw mikj;J mijg; gzpe;J tzq;fp Vw;Wf; nfhs;Nthiu kd;dpj;Jg; ghJfhg;G mspg;gjhff; $wpdhh; vd;Wk; njhpa tUfpd;wJ. ,t;thW njhlq;fpa Nghh; kpfTk; nfhLik epiwe; j jhf ,Ue; j J. kj ek; g pf; i fAs; N shh; gyh; Nghh;j;Jf;Nfahpd; gPuq;fpfSf;F ,iuahapdh;. efuKk; ifg;gw;wg;gl;L muz;kidAk; mopf;fg;gl;lJ murDk; gpbgl;lhd;. Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; murd; jkf;Ff; fPo;gbe;J elf; f Ntz; L k; vd; W k; VohtJ GtNdfghFtpd; kUfDk;> nlhd; N[hd; jh;kghyhtpd; je;ijAkhd jphpgz; l h fz; b apypUe; J k; Nfhl; i lapypUe; J k; ifg; g w; w pa nry; t q; f is kiwj; J itj; j pUf; F k; ,lj;ijf;$w Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; tw;GWj;jpdh;. mt;thW mtd; nra;apd; ,oe;j muRhpikia kPz;Lk; ngwKbAk; vd;Wk; mth;fs; $wpdh;. mjw;F cld;gl;l kd;dd; 8000 FUNr Nlh]; njhifiaAk; kd;dhh;j; jPitAk; 22

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

Nghh;j;Jf;NfaUf;Ff; nfhLf;f Kd;te;jhd;.”

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Mdhy; ,e;epiyapy; ehk; xd;iwj; jplkhff; Fwpgg; plyhk;. jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; tPo;r;rpNahL <oj;jkpohpd; Ml;rpAk; mope;jJ. mJtiu Rje;jpukhf tho;e;j kf;fs; jkJ Ml;rpia ,oe;J mbikfshapdh;. ,yq;if Nte;jdhd ,uhtzd; rpwe;j rptgf;jd;.

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mtd; NfhNz];tuj;J ,iwtdplk; ePq;fhj md;G nfhz; b Ue; j hd; . ,uhtzdpd; khkdhd kad; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;Jf;Fg; Guhjd Myaj;ij mikj;jhd; vd;gJ kuG. ,t;thyaj;jpy; vOe;jUspapUe;j ,iwtid ,yq;ifapy; Nghhpl;L thif #ba ,uhkd; topgl;Lr; nrd;whd; vd;W $Wth;. ,yq;ifapy; ntw;wpngw;w gpd; mNahj;jpf;Fj; jpUk;gpa mtd; topapy; ,uhNk];tuj;jpy; Myak; xd;wpid mikj;jhd; vd;Wk; nrhy;th;. NkYk; kfh ghujj;jpd; fjhehafdhd mUr;Rdd; ,yq;iff;F te; j NghJjhd; khNjhl; l j; i jaLj; j pUe; j gFjpia Ml; r p nra; j ehffd; d pahd ‘my; y p murhzpia’r; re;jpj;jhd; vd;Wk; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. kd;dhh;j;jPTf;Fj; njw;NfAs;s ngUepyg; gFjpapy; ghoile;J fhzg;gLtd my;ypuhzpapd; Nfhl;il vd;W $Wth;. khe; i j fp.K %d; w hk; Ehw; w hz; b ypUe; J ‘kfjpj; j h’ vd; w ngah; cilajha; ,Ue; j J vd; W Gj; j ,yf; f paq; f s; vLj; J iuf; f pd; w d. ,uhkUk; mfj; j paUk; mUr; R dDk; khe; i jj; JiwKfj; j py; ,wq; f p ,yq; i fapy; GFe; j dh; vd; w hy; tp[aDk; mtDila ez; g h; f Sk; mt; t hNw ,q; F te; j dh; vd;gij ehk; xUthW Cfpj;J mwpaKbfpd;wJ. ,it cz;ikahdhy; tp[aNdhL $bte;j cgj;jPrd; vd;w gpuhkzd; topgl;l rpthyak; jpUf;NfjPrr; ue;jhd; vd;gij vtUk; Vw; W f; nfhs; t h; . aho; g ; g hz itgtkhiy “tp[ad; fp.K Mwhk; Ehw;whz;by; ,yq;iff; fiuiar; Nrh; e ; j Jk; neLq; f hykhfg; ghoile; J fple; j Jkhd jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;ijg; GJg;gpj;Jf; fl;bdhd;” vd;W vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ. “xd;gjhk; gj;jhk; Ehw;whz;Lfspy; ,yq;ifapy; jkpohpd; Ml; r p rpwg; g ile; j J. kf; f s; tsk; ngw; W tho;e;jdh;. vdNt ehad;khh; fhyj;jpy; khNjhl;lk; rPUk; rpwg;Gk; cilajha;j; jpfo;e;jJ.” vd;gJ ‘uh[ul;d fhu’ vd;w rpq;fs Ehypy; epd;Wk; mwpaf; fplf;fpd;wJ. jpUf; N fjP r ; r u Myaj; j pd; GdUj; j huz Kaw; r p Kjy; Kjypy; =y= MWKf ehtyh; mth; f shy; njhlq;fg;gl;lJ. Mdhy; md;W tho;e;j irt kf;fspd; czh;r;rpf; FiwTk; fpwp];jth;fSila gyj;j vjph;g;Gk; ehtyUila Kaw;rpf;F cldbahd gyidaspf;fj; jilahapd. Mdhy; ehtyhpd; kiwTf;Fg; gpd; gjpdhd;F Mz;Lfs; fopjJ ; mtUila fdT edthfpaJ. murhq;f mjpguhf aho;g;ghzj;jpy; flikahw;wpa Nrh; tpy;ypak; Utpdk; rp.rp.v]; aho;g;ghzf; fr;Nrhpapy; epyq;fis 1312-1893,y; Vyk; Nghl;lNghJ ehw;gJ Vf;fh; fhllh;e;J fple; j epyj; i j aho; g ; g hzj; J r; irtg; ngUkf; f s; tpiyf;F thq;fpdh;. md;W njhlf;fk; jpUf;NfjPrr; u Mya GdUj;jhuz Ntiyfs; njhlq;fpd vd;W $wyhk;. Nrh; tpyy ; pak; Utpdk; jkJ Ml;rp mwpfi ; fapy; jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;J Myaj;jpd; gioa kfpikia Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;. “jpUf;NfjPr;ruk;> kfhjPh;j;jk;> khNjhl;lk; my;yJ khNjhl; i l” vd; w ( See Royal Asiatic Society Journal Volume No.35 ) jiyg; g py; 1887Mk; Mz; L etk; g h; 23

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

khjk; 7Mk; ehs; jpU.W.J.S.Nghf; vd;gtuhy; gbf;fg;ngw;w mwpf;ifapypUe;J Guhjd Myakhd jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; epiyikiag; gw;wpj; jpl;ltl;lkhd rpy cz;ikfis ehk; mwpa Kbfpd;wJ. “,g; gioa efhpy; cile; j rpy rpw; g q; f spd; gFjpfisAk; XLfisAk; > nrq; f l; b fisAk; > kl;ghz;lq;fisAk; jtpu NtW vJTk; epyj;jpd;Nky; ,y;iy. gioa tPjpfspd; mwpFwpfSk;> ,uz;nlhU fpzWfSk; > nrq; f l; b f; fl; b lq; f s; > Nfhapy; f s; vd;gdtw;wpd; mj;jpthuq;fs; vd;gdTk; fhzg;gLfpdw ; d.

Fd;W xd;wpd; kj;jpapy; nrq;fl;bahy; mike;j gioa mj; j pthuk; xd; W ,Uf; f pd; w J.,t; t plj; j pNyNa Kf; f pa efhpd; ngUk; gFjp ,Ue; j pUf; f Ntz; L k; . gioa fpzw; W f; F mz; i kapy; Myaj; j pd; thapy; ,Ue;jpUf;fyhk;.” vd;W mth; $wpdhh;.

Mdhy; me; j f; $l; l j; j py; ,Ue; j Nrh; . nghd; . ,uhkehjd; mth;fs; Fwpj;j mwpf;ifapd; xU gFjpf; fUj;ij kWj;Jiuj;J tphpthd tpsf;fj;NjhL ,e;Jrka mbg;gilapy; me;j ,lj;jpd; mikitj; njspT gLj;jpdhh;.

NkYk; mth; gioa fl;blq;fs; ,Ue;jtplk; efUf;Fg; Gwk;ghdJ vd;Wk;> mit Myaj;jpd; cilikfs; vd;Wk; vLj;Jf; fhl;bdhh;. mq;F Myaj;jpd; Ml;rpf; FOtpdh; > mbahh; f s; > Ntiyahl; f s; vd; g th; f s; tho;e;jdh;. md;W jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;ijr; #o;e;J ,Ue;j mfopapd; mikT Kf;fpakhd njhd;nwdyhk;. mq;Nf ,uz;L mfopfs; mike;jpUe;jd. Xh; mfop fly; ePiuAk;> kw;wJ ed;ePiuAk; ciladtha; ,Ue;jd.

Nfhapw; nrhj;Jf;fisg; ghJfhg;ghw;wNt mfopfs; mt;thW mikf;fg;gl;bUe;jd NghYk;.! gpujhd Myaj;jpd; ghoile;j %yg; gFjp 1894Mk; Mz;L fz;L gpbf;fg;gl;lJ. mt;thW fz;L mwptjw;Ff; Nfhapy; epyj;jpy; mike;jpUe;j Nrhoh; fhyf; fpzW xd;Wk;> Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; fhyj;jpw;F Kd; topglg;gl;l rptypq;fk; xd;Wk;> ee;jp xd;Wk;> fNzrhpd; cUtk; xd;Wk; cjtpahapd. <oj;J irtg; ngUkf;fspd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F ,zq;f ngdhhp]pypUe;J kfpik nghUe;jpa rptypq;fk; xd;W nfhz; L tug; n gw; W j; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; J Myaj; j py; FlKOf;Fr; nra;ag;gl;lJ vd;W ,uhNk];tuj;jpYs;s tuyhw; W f; Fwpg; G f; f shy; mwpaf; fplf; f pd; w J. me; j %h;j;jpNa ,d;iwa Myaj;jpd; Mjp%yj;jpy; mike;J jpfo;fpd;wJ. Guhjd Myak; ,Ue;j ,lj;jpy; 1903Mk; Mz;L a+d; khjk; 28Mk; ehs; rpwpa Nfhapy; xd;W fl;lg;gl;lJ. (See the Jaffna Hindu Organ of the day for

eilngw;wJ. ,g;gzpapid 1948Mk; Mz;L xf;Nlhgh; khjk; 19Mk; ehs; nfhOk; g pNy $ba ,e; J f; f shy; epWtg; n gw; w ‘jpUf; N fjP r ; r ug; GdUj; j huz rigahh; ’ nra;jdh;. FlKOf;F tpohtpd; gpd; gpujhd Myaj;jpy; g+irAk; topghLk; ,ila+W vJTkpd; w p ,dpJ ele;Jnfhz;bUf;f Vida xd;gJ gpufhuq;fSf;Fhpa Myaq; f s; > ,uhrNfhGuk; > jpUkjpy; vd; g tw; w pd; jpUg;gzpfs; eilngw;Wte;jd. ,d;iwa Myaj;jpd; mikg;G gioa kugpidj; jOtp rkaj;jpYk; rpw;gj;jpYk; Mw; w y; epiwe; j njd; ,e; j pa rpw; g ty; Y dh; f shy; jPll; g;gl;lJ. NkYk; Myaj;jpd; njd; fpof;Fg; gf;fj;jpYs;s ntsp tPjpapy; cw;rt kz;lgKk; (tre;j kz;lgk;) mijr; rhh;e;j fl;blq;fSk; mikf;fg;gLk;.,d;Dk; mbahh;fs; Mapuf; fzf;fpy; $b epd;W fz;L fspf;ff; $bajhfj; NjNuhLk; tPjp xd;W ntspg; Gwr; RtUf;F ntspNa ngUkstpy; mikAk;. mjidr; #o;e;j gFjpfs; Vida tP j pfSf; F xJf; f g; g Lk; . mq; N f g+e; N jhl; l q; f Sk; > mofpa NrhiyfSk; > klq; f Sk; > rj; j puq; f Sk; > me;jzh;> mbahh;fs;> Ntiyahl;fs; vd;Nghh; ,Uf;Fk; ,y; y q; f Sk; mikAk; . FUFyg; g hlrhiy xd; W k; > cah;e;j rkag;gbg;Gf;Ff; fy;Yhhp xd;Wk;> Jwtpfs; jq;fp ,isg;ghWk; rhiy xd;Wk; ,lk;ngWk;. FUFyg;ghlrhiy ,g;NghNj Muk;gkhfpAs;sJ. mdhijf; Foe;ijfs; ,y;yj;NjhL ,ize;j kfsph; ,d;dy epiyak; xd;Wk; epWt Vw;ghlhfpAs;sJ. rhh;thp Mz;L Ig;grpj; jpq;fs; 15Mk; ehs;(31-10-60) jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;J tuyhw;wpNy Kf;fpa Gdpj jpdkhFk;. md;W jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;J Myar; Rw;Wg; gpufhuj;jpy; Gjpjhf mikf;fg;gl;bUe;j Myaq;fspy; %h;jj ; pfisg; gpujp\i ; l nra;J FlKOf;F ele;jJ. Guhjd kfhypq;fk;> tpehafh;> Rg;gpukzpah;> eluhrh;> rz;Nl];tuh; Mfpa %h;j;jpfSf;F Xk kz; l yq; f NshL $ba fphpah Kiwfsike; j kfh Fk;ghgpN\fk; mg;Gdpj ehspy; ,dpJ epfo;e;jJ. FlKOf;Fr; nra;ag;ngw;w kfhypqf; k; kpfTk; goikahdJ. ,t;tpohtpy; Ehw;Wf;fzf;fhd rptNear; nry;th;fs; fye;J jpUf;NfjPr;ru ehjhpd; ,d;dUisg; ngw;W Vfpdh;.

Rj; j khd ntz; f yj; j hYk; jfuj; j hYk; fye; J nra;ag; ngw;w ‘kzp’ xd;W ,yz;ldpYs;s gpugykhd thh; g ; G j; njhopw; r hiyapy; nra; a g; ngw; W f; fg; g ypy; te; J nfhz; b Uf; f pd; w J. ehyb tpl; l j; j py; El; g khf thh; f ; f g; g l; l me; j kzp rpwe; j Xiria cs; s jha; ,Uf;Fk;. mJ xU njhd; 3me;jh; 1Fthl;lh; 26 ,whj;jy; epiwAilaJ. nkhj;jj;jpy; KOJk; jOtpa mjd; msT 50” - 50” - 50”. me;j kzpfF ; Vw;w cauKk; cWjpAKs;s kzpf; $ l; L f; N fhGuk; xd; W fl; l g; g Lfpd; w J. mLj; j jpq;fspy; jpUntk;ghitg; g+irapd; NghJ Vwf;Fiwa fly; kl;lj;jpypUe;J 75mb cauj;jpy; me;j kzpNahir kd;dhh;g; gFjpiar; Rw;wpg; gy iky; Jhuj;jpy; thOk; kf;fis tpopjn; jo itj;Jj; jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;J ,iwtid topgl itf;Fkd;Nwh! (njhlh;r;rp 26Mk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f)

description of the ceremony)

,d;W mk;ikAk; mg;gUk; mkh;e;J mUs;GhpAk; Myak; KjyhtJ cyfg; NghUf;Fg; gpd; kd;dhhpy; jq;fpapUe;j aho;gg; hzj;J murhq;f cj;jpNahfj;jh;fshy; fl;lg;gl;lJ. ,t;thW mike;j Myak; fhyg;Nghf;fpy; GdUj;jhuzk; vJTkpd;wpr; rpije;jNghJ Mf];l; khjk; 1852Mk; Mz;by; GJg;gpf;fg;gl;Lf; FlKOf;F tpohTk;

ïªJ xË

24

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

irtg;nghpahh; R.rptghjRe;juk; gps;is -ngh.g+.miuapy; Jyq;F nts;shil> Njhspy; mjw;fpiriag; Nghh; j ; j Nkyhil> new; w papy; Jha ntz; z P w ; W mDl;lhdf; Fwp> vLg;Gkpf;f irtf;FLkp> ehafd; Nrtb ijtUQ; rpei ; j vDk; yl;rzq;fSld; Fkpop kpjpabapy; ,t; t pUgjhk; Ehw; w hz; b d; kj; j papYk; cyhte; j hh; xUth;. mth; gp.V.gl;ljhhp. mth;jhd; irtg;nghpahh; R.rptghjRe;juk; gps;is. irtj;ijAk; jkpioAk; ,Ufz;fnsdg; Nghw;wpa FLk;gj;jpw; rptghjRe;judhh; t.Rg;gpukzpag;gpsi ; sf;Fk; ts;spak;ikahUf;Fk; Gj;jpuuhf <Ru tUlk; ijkhjk; gjpNdohk; Njjp(1878) GNyhypapy; Njhd; w pdhh; f s; . ,th; rpwp je;ijahh; ,UtUs; %j;Njhh;> kfhtpj;Jthd; t.fzgjpg; g ps; i s(1895) fhQ; r pGuk; gr; i rag; g h; tpj; j pahrhiy> jpUtde; j Guk; kfhuh[h fy; Y hhp vd;gdtw;wpNy jkpo;g; Nguhrhdhf tpsq;fp nrd;idj; jpuhtpl th;j;jd rigg; gz;bjuhfj; jpfo;e;J> khfwy; fhh; j ; j pNfa Kjypahh; KjyhNdhh; f spd; Mrphpauhf kpsph; e ; J rq; f jj; j pw; NguwpQnudg; Ngh; ngw; W > mk;nkhopapYk; mk;nkhopapypUe;J jkpo;nkhopapYk; gy Ehy;fis ,aw;wpath;. ,isNahh; ,yf;fzf;nfhj;jh; t.FkhuRthkpg;Gyth; (1926) ed;Dhw; fhz;bifapy; Eioe;j tOf;fisf; fise;J ciutpsf;fk; je;jth;. khkpahh; ghh;tjpak;ikahh; ghyhk;gpifak;ikahiuAk; gj;khrdpak;ikahiuAk; tTdpah R.,uh[IadhUf;Fg; gpd;Dk; gz;bjkzp rp.fzgjpg;gps;isf;F Kd;Dk; kJiuj; jkpo; r ; rq; f g; gz; b jh; f shf; f pajd; %yk; jkJ Gyikia ntspg;gLj;jpath;. rNfhjhp ckhkNfRthpahh; ciuahrphpah; k.f. Ntw; g ps; i s cghj; j pahahpd; ghhpahh; . ,j; j ifa #oypw; gpwe; J tsh; e ; j rptghjRe; j udhh; jkpo; e hl; b y; cah; j uf; fy; t p gapd; W nrd; i dg; gy; f iyf; f ofj; j pd; gP . V gl;lj;jpidg; ngw;whh;. ,th; gP.V.ghPl;irf;Fg; ghlkhff; nfhz;lJ fzpj rhj;jpuk;. vdpDk; jh;f;frhj;jpuj;jpYk; kNdhjj;Jtr; rhj;jpuj;jpYk; $lj; JiwNghdth;. mt;tpU rhj;jpuq;fspYk; Eessentials of Logic(1952) msitEhy;,mfEhy; (Psychology) vDk; Ehy;fis mspj;jth;. =y= MWKfehtyh; mth;fs; rhpjj;ij Mirgw;wp Mq;fpyj;jpy; Arumukha Navalar (1950) vd miwaYw;w gps;isath;fs; ehtyuth;fis Kd;khjphpahff;nfhz;L irtghpghydj;jpw;Nf jk;ik mh;g;gzpj;jhh;. <oj;jpNy irtrkaj; j pid ehtyuth; f Sf; F g; gpd; guhkhpf; f Kd;dpd;w nghpahUs; xUtuhd gps;isath;fs; mr;rka cz;ikfis tpsf;fpAk; mr;rka topghl;bw; GFe;j khRfisj; Jilf;f Kad;Wk; gpwkjr; nry;thf;ifj;

ïªJ xË

jfh; j ; J k; jk; r ka tsh; r ; r pf; f hd topJiwfspy; Kd;dpd;Wk; mUk;gzpahw;wpdhh;. rptghj Re;judhh; Vwf;Fiwa Kg;gj;ije;J Mz;Lfs; cghj;jpikj; njhopypy; <Lgl;lhh;. ,tw;Ws; 1920 Mk; Mz;bw; rpyjpq;fs; tiu khdpg;gha; ,e;Jf; fy;Yhhpj; JizajpguhfTk; 1924Kjy; 1933tiu RopGuk; tpf;Nuhwpah fy;Yhhp mjpguhfTk; jpwk;gl mj;njhopiy topelj;jpaik Nghw;wj;jf;fJ. 1933Mk; Mz;bw;Fg;gpdd ; h; guNk];tuh fy;Yhhpapw; rpytUlq;fshf Ntjdk; ngwhJ gzpahw;wpa gpsi ; sath;fs; jk; gpwf; hyj;jpw; fe;jtdj;jpy; jk;ik ehb te;j khzhf;fUf;Fr; rpjj; he;j rhj;jpuq;fisg; Nghjpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. ‘gbg; g pw; F k; KiwfSk; tpjpfSk; ’ Mf; f paspj; j gps; i sath; f s; irtrka cz; i kfis tpsf; f pa jpwikia mth; jkpopy; ahj;j irtNghjk; Kjw; Gj;jfk;> irtNghjk; ,uz;lhk; Gj;jfk;(1916)> irtrkarhuk;(1947)> irtrpjj; he;jk;(1932)> fe;jGuhz tpsf;fk;> irtf;fphpia tpsf; f k; vd; g dTk; jpUtUl; g ad; tpsf; f Tiu (1918)> jpUg; n gUtbtk; (1939)> jpUthrfkzpfs; vd;gdTk; njspthf czh;j;Jtd. irtNghjq;fSk; irtrkarhuk;> irtrpj;jhe;jk; vd;gdTk; vspikAk; RUf;fKk; njspTk; rpwe;J irtrkaTz;ikfis tpsf;fp epw; g it. fe; j Guhzj; j pd; kfpikiar; RUf; f khff; $wpg; Guhzk; ngha; vd;ghiuj; njUl;b mUq;ftpfspd; rhj;jpuf; fUj;Jf;fis njhptpg;gJ fe;jGuhz tpsf;fk;; epjj; pahDl;lhdq;fis vg;gb Vd; nra;aNtz;Lk; vd;gij RUf;fkhf ed;F tpsf;fpaiktJ irtf;fphpia tpsf;fk;; irtf; f liyf; FwSUtpw; w Uk; jpUtUl; g aDf; F gpsi ; sath;fs; fz;l ciu mtUila rhj;jpug; gapwr; pfF ; k; jh;ff; td;ikf;Fk; rpwe;j vLj;Jf;fhl;L. gioaTiufspd; kaf;fq;fis ePf;FtJ; fe;jGuhzk; #utd;kd; tijg; glyj;jpYs;s jpUtpUj;jq;fSf;F tphpTiuahf mikAk; jpUg;ngUtbtk; KUfg;ngUkhdpd; tpRt&g jhprdj;ij ed;F tpsf;FtJ; jpUthrf ghuhazj;jpy; tpUg;gpidj; Jhz;br; rpy ghRuq;fspd; mUk;ngUk; nghUis czh;jj; p tpsf;FtJ jpUthrf kzpfs;.

N[.vk; ey;yrhkpg;gps;is> Ffjhrh; nfhf;Ftpy; r.rghuj;jpdKjypahh; thpirapw; irtrpj; j he; j j; j pd; Nkd; i kia Nkdhl; b dUf; F mwpTWj;jpath; gps;isath;fs;. ,tUila Saiva School of Hinduism vDk; Ehy; Mq; f py gpuRuhyafh;j;jhf;fshy; Vw;fg;gl;Lj; jk; nrytpNyNa mr; r plg; n gw; w rpwg; g pidAilaJ. NkiyehLfspw; rpj;jhe;j tpw;gd;dh; vDk; ngaiug; gps;isath;fSf;Fg; ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jJ. An outline of Sivagnana botham with a 25

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

rejoinder to a Christian Critic (1951), The Glorigs of Saivism(1954)

jpU.Nf.v]; . mUs; e e; j p jiyikapy; gk; g yg; g pl; b gioa fjpNurd; NfhapypNy mk;khjk; 24Mk; Njjp $l;lg;gl;l nghJf;$l;lj;jpy; mq;Fuhh;gg; zQ; nra;ag;ngw;w jpUf; N fjP r ; r ug; GdUj; j huzj; jpUg; g zpr; rigapd; nraw;FOtpdh; jiytuhfj; njhpe;J nfhz;lth; irtg; nghpahh; rptghjRe;judhh;. jpUf;Nfhapypd; GdUj;jhuzk; gw;wpa Muk;g jpl;lNtiyfis toptFf;f Kd;dpd;W gps; i sath; f s; efue; N jhWk; ,j; j pUf; N fhapypd; GdUj; j huzj; j pd; ,d; w paikahikia tpsf; f p epdw ; th;; jkJ nrytpNy eluh[ %h;jj; pfF ; k; mk;ghSf;Fk; jpUNkdpfs; vOe;jUsptpj;jth;.jpUQhdrk;ge;j%h;j;jp ehadhh; klk; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; j py; ,th; jiyikf; fhyj;jpNyNa fl;b Kw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ. MapDk; %g;Gk; gpzpAk; fhy;nfhz;likahy; 1952Mk; Mz;L Mf];L khjk; Kg; g jhk; Njjp jiyikg; gjtpiaj; Jwe; J MNyhrfuhfj; njhlh;e;J tpsq;fpdhh;. gps;isath;fs; nrg;gdpl;l ghijapNy Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; KjyhNdhh; nrd;W jpUg;gzp Ntiyiar; rpwg;ghfr; nra;jdh;. irtg; n ghpahh; rptghjRe; j udhh; tp[a tUlk; Mbkhjk; Kg;gjhk; Njjp(14.08.1953),k; kz;Zyf tho;tpid ePjj; hh;. ,Ugj;jpuz;L tUlq;fSf;Fg; gpdd ; h; mth; fz;l fdT ntw;wp ngWk; ,t;Ntisapy; mg;nghpahh; Mj;kh epr;rakha;r; rhe;jpngWk;. (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; jpUf;Flj; jpUkQ;rd kyh; - es Mz;L Mdp cf - 04-07-1976> jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rig ntspaPL)

vd; g dTk; ,t; t opapy; Nehf; f j; j f; f it.jUkGu MjPdj;jpdh; 1948,y; ,tiuj; jkpo;ehl;bw;F mioj;J ,tiuf;nfhz;L ey;yrhkpgg; psi ; sapd; rptQhdrpjj; pahh; nkhopngah;g;igj; jpUj;jpAk; GJf;fpAk; ntspg;gLj;jpdh; vd;gJk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. ehtyuth;fSf;Fg;gpd; fpwp]j; tr; nry;thf;F mjpfhpjj; fhyfl;lj;jpNy gpsi ; sath;fs; fpwp]j; t fz;ldg; gpurhuk; nra;J yFNyfq;fs; ,aw;wpf; fpwp];jth; Fwpj;jitAk; irtrkapfspilNa GFe;jdTkhfpa khRfisj; Jilf;f Kw;gl;lhh;. ,uz;lhk; irtNghjj;jpNy jhtu cztpd; Nkd;ikiaAk; Gyhy; cztpd; ,optpidAk; tpsf;fp fe; j Guhz tpsf; f j; j pw; Guhzq; f spd; ew; n ghUis vLj;Jf;fhl;ba gpsi ; sath;fs; kpUf gypfF ; vjpuhfr; nra;j gpurhuk; ,jw;Fr; rhd;whk;. irt tpj; j pah tpUj; j pr; rq; f j; j pd; (Hindu Board) jiytuhfg; gzpGhpe; j gps; i sath; f s; fpuhkq;fspNy irtg;gs;spf;$lq;fisj; jhgpj;jypNy Kd;dpd;Wioj;jhh;. 1939Mk; Mz;L ,yq;iff; fy;tp Kiwiaj; jpUj; J tjw; f hf murpduhy; epWtg; g l; l Mizf;FOtpw; gps;isath;fis cWg;gpduhfg; ngw;W mf;FO gad; mile;jJ. xt; n thU %r; R k; irt%r; r hff; nfhz; b Ue; j irtg; n ghpahhpd; ,Wjp%r; R jpUf; N fjP r ; r u Myaj; jpUg; g zpahFk; . jpU.Nf.fdfuj; j pdk; mth; f s; jiyikapy; 1948Mk; Mz; L mf; N ; l hgh; khjk; gj;njhd;gjhk; Njjp nfhOk;G nrl;bj; njUtpYs;s efuj;jhh; tstpw; $ba irthgpkhdpfs; $l;lj;jpd; jPh;khdg;gb

ÁÁ Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á Á 24Mk; gf;fj; njhlh;r;rp... gj; j jhz; L fshfj; jpUf; N fjP r ; r u GdUj; j huz rigahh; nra;J te;Js;s mUk;gzpfis mt;thyaj;ijj; jhprpf;Fk; mbahh;fs; Nehpy; fz;L nfhs; t h; . jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; j pw; F ,iwtidj; jhprpf; f tUk; mbahh;fs; jq;Ftjw;fhd klq;fisAk; vspjhfg; Nghf;Ftuj;Jr; nra;tjw;fhd jhh; ,l;l tPjpfisAk; mq; F ghh; f ; f yhk; . my; y hkYk; Foha; j ; jz; z P h ; trjpAk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ. xOq;fhd g]; Nghf;Ftuj;Jk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. filfSk; njhiyNgrpNahL $ba mQ;ryfk; xd;Wk; mq;Nf epWtg;gl;Ls;sd. kpd;rhu trjpAk; cz;L. irtrkaj; j pd; rpd; d khfj; jkpo; g ; gz; g hl; b d; mwpFwpahfj; jkpo; nkhopapd; milahskhfj; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; kd; d hhpy; jpfo; f pd; w J. mq; N f mk;ikag;guhf mkh;e;J ,d;dUs; GhpAk; ,iwtid

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tho;tpy; xU KiwahtJ jhprpj;J topglNtz;baJ xt;nthU <oj;J irth;fsJk; flikahFk;. “njhz; l h; ehs; N jhWk; Jjpnra mUs; n ra; NfjPr;rukJjhNd” (Nguhjid ,yq;ifg; gy;fiyf;fof ,e;J khzth; rq; f ntspaP l hd “,e; J jh; k k; ” vDk; rQ; r pifapy; Mq; f pyj; j py; Kjypy; ntspaplg; n gw; W gpd; d h; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; irt kfhehl;L kyhpy; -1960- jkpohf;fk; ngw;wJ.) (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; jpUf;Flj; jpUkQ;rd kyh; es Mz;L Mdp cf - 04-07-1976> jpUf;NfjPrr; u Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rig ntspaPL)

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

nfÔ¢ru« bjhH it¤j br«kš rpj. K. gRgjpr; nrl;bahh; f. rptuhkypq;fk; ehl;il ey;yhw;Wg;gLj;j ey;yth;fis> ty;yth;fis> Njit Nehf;fp mt;tg;NghJ Njhw;Wtpf;fpwhd; - ,y;iy mDg;gp itf;fpwhd; mk;gythzd; vd;w Gdpjkhd ek;gpf;ifapy; tho;gth;fs; irtj; jkpo; kf;fs;. ,e;j ek;gpf;ifNa> irt Kjy; itjpfKk; jioj; Njhq;f> Gid kzpg;G+z; fhjyizg; ngw;nwLf;Fk; jtk; Ghpa rptghjtpUijahiuAk;> vd;id Mz;lUSk; ePuhfpy; mbNad; gpd; te;jtid – vLj;jhs Ntz;Lk; vdg; gyKiwAk; tpzz ; g;gk; nra;aj; jpyftjpahiuAk; J}z;b > ehSk; ,d;dpirahy; jkpo; gug;Gk; Qhdrk;ge;jiuAk; nja;tj; jpUthf;fpd; Nte;juhk; mg;gh; RthkpfisAk; irtj;jkpo; cyfpDFj; je;jJ. ,e;j topapNy 19Mk; E}w;whz;bd; njhlf;fj;jpy; Ntw; W g; G y kf; f s; Ml; r papd; gpd; d zpapy; <oj; j pd; ghuk; g hpaKk; gz; g hL> rkak; > nkhop vd; g dTk; Ml;lq;fz;L tpLNkh vd;w mr;rj;jhy;> ,iwab kwthg; gz;ghsh; rpyh; cs;sk; tUe;jp> Ntz;b epdw ; jpd; gadhf mtjhpj;j ngUkfdhh; ey;iyefh; ehtyh; ngUkhd;. ,th; nea;thh;j;j J}z;lh tpsf;fhk; irtKk; jkpOk; vd;Wk; epdW ; mUs; xsp juj; Njhd;wpdhh;. flhuk; ntd;w kd;dDf;F> tzpfj;Jiw topfhl;L kugpy; xU ngU kfdhh;.

Njhw;wKk; fy;tpAk; fyk; gy nrYj;jp tsk; <l;b> elkhLk; nja;t G+iria> gukd; G+irahfNt nra;J> fg;gw; JiwKfq;fs; NjhWk; klq;fSk;> jz;zhP ; ge;jy;fSk; rikj;Jg; Gz;zpak; gy Ghpe;j = rpjk;gu Rg;igahr; nrl;bahh; nra;j jtg; gadha; = Kj;Jf;FkhUf;Fr; nrl;bahh; nra;j rptg;gadha;> <oj;Jr; irtj; jkpo; kf;fs; nra;j ngUk; jtg;gadha;> ehtyh; ngUkhdpd; “ePOk; ,j;njhz;L” vd epidj;J epidj;J rpe; j pa fz; z P h pd; jpUtpUl; r kha; 24-06-1856 ,y; Njhd;wpa nja;tr; rhypNa gRgjpr; nrl;bahh;. md;W fy;tpA+l;ba epiyaq;fs; gy kprdhpkhhpd; fz;fhzpg;gpy; tsh;e;jd.irtKk; jkpOk; Ngzp> fiy gapw;Wk; irt epiyaq;fs; ,y;yhik ngUq;FiwNa. Mq; f py nkhop gapYjy; md; W mtrpakhdjhf ,Ue;jjhy; ,sikapy; nrl;bahh; mth;fs; Rz;bf;Fspapy; elhj; j g; g l; l Jk; ,d; W ghpNahthd; fy; Y }hpahf tpsq;FtJkhd nrkpdwpapy; fy;tp gapd;whh;. ehtyh; ngUkhDk; jkJ Muk;g fy;tpia aho;.kj;jpa fy;Y}hpapy; ngw;wij ,q;F epidT nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;. mj;jpthuk; mirf;f Kbahj irtj; jkpo; gz;ghl;by; vOg;gg;gl;ljhYk;> nrd;w fhyj;jpd; gOjpyhj; jpwj;jhYk;>

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,dp vjph; fhyj;jpd; rpwg;ghYk;> vk;kth; rpyiuj; jpir jpUg;gpa “kaf;fk”; nrl;bahiuj; jPz;ltpy;iy. njhlh;e;J cah; fy;tpia fzpj Nkijfspd; ghriwahf tpsq;fpa Fk; g Nfhzk; fy; Y }hapy; Muk; g pj; j hh; . je; i jahhpd; kiwTk;> nghWg;Gk; gl;lg;gbg;ig Kbf;fhkNy nrl;bahiu tPL jpUk;g itj;jJ. vdpDk; gpw;fhyj;Jf;F Ntz;ba mwpTk;> Mw;wYk; eph;thf jpwDk;> kdj; jplKk; ngw;W te;jhh;. ehtyh; ngUkhdpd; nry;thf;Fk;> rptg;gzp KWf;Nfwpa FLk;gg; gpd;dzpAk;> Rz;bf;Fsp nrkpdwp nfhLj;j mDgtKk; Fk;gNfhzk; murpdh; fy;Y}hp je;j gapwr; pAk; ,aw;ifahf nrl;bahhplk; mike;jpUe;j> irtj; jkpo; jhfKk;> rKjha eydpy; nfhz;l Ntl;ilAk;> rptdb kwthj rpe;ijAk;> ,j;jidf;Fk; epiyf;fs khaike; j rpt G+i[ epakKk; > ,isQiuj; jiy rpwe;j rkaj; njhz;ldha;> jha; nkhopf; fhtydha;> r%f Nritahsdha; cUthf;fpj; je;jjpy; tpag;gpy;iy. njhz;L njhlh;e;jJ NgudhUk; je;ijahUk; njhlf;fpf; fhj;j njhz;L> eypahky; fhj;jNjhlikahJ> ngUf;fpg; nghypT fz;lhh; gRgjpahh;. fhyj;jpd; Njit Nehf;fp rpe;jid ePz;lJ. ew;wkpo; ty;y rk;ge;jDk; mg;gUk; Re;juUk; nra;J fhl;ba jkpo; Ntjk;> Njrnky;yhk; Nfl;Fk; rPhpa njhz;L> fhye;je;j fLtpidf;F kUe;njd epidj;jhh;. Njthu jpUthrf ghRuq;fis ,dpikAk; fdpTk; epuk;gpj; jJk;gg; ghbg; g[idfisAk; > $l; L g; gpuhh; j ; j idfisAk; tz;izapy; elj;jpr; irth;fSf;F topfhl;bdh;. irtg; ngU kf;fspd; chpikAk; flikAk; vit vd rpej ; pff; itf;f Ntz;ba mtrpaj;ij czh;ej ; nrl;bahh; mth;fs;> Ntfkhfr; nraw;glj;njhlq;fpdhh;. fhy; Nja ele;jhh;. ifNrhuf; Fk;gpl;lhh;. vdpDk; fUj;Jj; Njah cs;sj;jhuha; ey;y ty;yth;fs; rpyhpd; gf;fgyj;NjhL> ehtyh; fdit edthf;f 1888Mk; Mz;L irtghpghyd rigia epWtp Mf;fg;gzpfs; gytw;Wf;F fhy;Nfhs; nra;j ngUik ,tiuNa rhUk;.,Nj fhyj;jpd; njd; ,yq;ifapYk;> njd; ,e;jpahtpYk; ngsj;j> irtj; jhgdq; f s; rpy Njhd; w yhapd.gj; n jhd; g jhk; E} w;whz;bd; ,Wjpapy; ,t;tpaf;fk; tYg;ngw;wJ. ehtyh; ngUkhdpd; rpe; i japy; cjpj; j gzp> mth; fhyj; j py; irtg; ngUkf; f s; tpUk; g p msT tpUj;jpailatpy;iy vd;gJ frg;ghd cz;ikNa. Ml;rpahshpd; mdhjuTk;> kprdhpkhupd; mauh ciog;Gk;> vk;kth; “J}f;fKk;” ehtyhpd; cs;sj;ij vj;Jiz Gz;gLj;jpaJ vd;gjw;F mg;nghpahh; gpurq;fq;fs; rhd;W. 27

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

,e;j mtykhd epiyapy; $jy; Nghf;Fk; Mjtdha;j; Njhd;wpaJ> aho;gg; hzk; irtg;ghpghydrig. ,r;rigapd; #j;jpujhhpfspy; Kf;fpakhd xUtuha; njhz;lhw;wpa gRgjpr;nrl;bahh; 1890Mk; Mz;L Mb khjk; 19Mk; jpfjp $ba irt ghpghyd rigf; $l;lj;jpy;> tuyhw;Wg; ngUik gilj; j jP h ; k hdnkhd; i w epiwNtw; w pg; ngUikf;nfhz;lhh;. jpUthsh; v]; . ehfypq; f k; mth; f spd; gl; l zg; ghlrhiyia ifNaw; W elhj; j Ntz; L nkd; W nfhz;L tug;gl;l jPh;khdk;> jkpOf;Fk; irtj;jpw;Fk; ngU ntw;wpaha;> ehtyh; mud; epoypUe;J Mrp $w> kz;zth; csq; fsp$u> aho;g;ghzk; ,e;Jf;fy;Y} hpahf kyh; e ; J ,d; W k; fiy kzq; f kpo; f pd; w J vd;why;> gRgjpr; nrl;bahhpd; jPh;f;f jhprdj;jpd; nrk;ik $wty;Nyky;Nyhk;. fhyj;jhy; mopahj fw;W}z;fSk; fl;blKk; ,d;Wk; ,f; f y; Y }hpapd; Mf; f j; j pw; F mUk; g hLgl; l mj; j id nghpahh;fspd; rpej; idr; nropgi ; gg; Ngrp epwf; pdw ; d.,it Nghd;w nray;fNs “fy;Yk; nrhy;yhNjh ftp” vd;W ghl itj;jJ NghYk;. fy;Y}hp epWtpaJ NghJk; vd;W mikjp nfhz;lhuy;yh;.fy;Y}hpf;Fk;> r%fj;Jf;Fk; gzp Ghpe;j ngUkf;fis tUq;fhyr; re;jjpapdh; ed;wpf; flDld; epidTf; $ Wk; gz; i gg; NgD Kfj; j hy; > mth; f s; Qhgfhh;j;jg; ghprpy;fs; gy toq;fj; jpl;lk; jPl;b “mg;ghYk; mbrhh;e;jhh;u;f;Fk; mbNad;” vd;W $Wk; ghuk;ghpak; Ngzp MtzKk; nra;jhh;fs; nrl;bahh; mth;fs;> mij ,q;F fhz;gJ nghUj;jKilaJ.

Kd;idg;gok; nghUl;Fk; Kd;ida gok; nghUsha;> Kd;dth;fF ; Kd;dtdha;> ,wth ahf;ifg; nghpNahdha; epdW ; mUs; Ruf;Fk; mk;gythzd; jpUg;gjpfF ; Njhw;wKk; kiwTk; cz;L nfhy;? ,y;iy. gpd;id vq;qdk; kz;Zk; flYk; kiwf;fpd;wd ,td; jpUj;jyq;fis? vd; W rpj; j pf; F q; fhy; > mtd; NguUl; fUizAk; jpUtpisahly;fspd; Nehf;fKk; gspr;rpLfpd;wd. grp te; j NghJ gr; r psk; Foe; i j mOJ jhia mioj; J ,d; d Kjk; ngWfpwJ. Mztk; vd; D k; rkpahf; Fzj;jhy; my;yw;gLk; Md;khf;fs; mOJ mOJ ‘Njbf; fz;Lf;nfhs;s”xU tha;g;Gj; je;J fue;JiwAk; jpUtpisahly; f s; vd; N w kz; %LjYk; > fly; nfhs;SjYk;. ,e;j tifapy; ehk; Njbf; fz;L nfhs> fz;L nfhz;l NghJ “jpUkhnyhL ehd; KfDk; Njbf; nfhzhj Njtidf; Njbf; fz;L nfhz;Nld;” vd;W $j;jhbg; gutrkila tuyhw;W tuk;Gfl;F mg;ghw;gl;lJk; “Mh; f yp#o; njd; d pyq; i f mofkh; kz; N lhjh; f ; F g; NguUs; je;jJkhfpa NfjPr;ruk; : 500 Mz;LfSf;F Kd; kzyhy; %lg;gl;lJ. rk; g e; j Uk; > Re; j uUk; Nghw; w pg; g hba ghRuq; f s; NfjP r ; r uj; j hid epidT+l; b ep; d ; w d vdpDk; > Nghh; j ; J f; f P a h; > xy; y he; j h; fhyq; f spy; mika tha;g;gspf;ftpy;iy. Mq;fpNyah; tUifAk;> mth;fspd; tphpe; j kdKk; irt kf; f s; czh; r ; r pf; F tuk; G fl;ltpy;iy. Myaj;ij GJg;gpf;Fk; Mh;tk; mt;tg;NghJ Njhd;wpa irtg;nghpahh; cs;sq;fspy; tsh;tjhapw;W. mtUs;Sk; “ehd; kiwapd; jdpj;Jizaha;” MfkKk; jpUKiwAk; fhj;J epd;w jhid jiytdhy; ehtyhpd; jpUTs;sj;Jf; fhl;lhW Nghy; ngUfpa NfjPr;ruk; fhZk; Ntl; i f> jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; xU Njd; nghe; J > mij nrd;wilAq;fs;” vd;W Ngr itj;jJ. ehtyh; ngUkhdpd; rpt xyp irth;fs; nrtpfspy; ,il tplhJ xypjJ ; f;nfhz;Nl ,Ue;jJ. xypapd; rf;jpia ,d;W ehk; czh;fpNwhk;: tpQ;Qhdk; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ. rhjhuz xypf;Nf ,e;j Mw;wy; cz;nld;why; ehSk;> njhz;lh; ehjid Vw;wpVw;wk; ngw;w nja;tj; jpUnthypfF ; > fhynky; y hk; irtKk; jkpOk; fhj; j njhz; l hy; KWf;Nfwpa %njhypf;F> vj;Jiz Mw;wy; cz;nld;W nrhy;yTk; Ntz;LNkh? irtg; ngUkf;fspd; “rpej; pgg; hpad rpej; pfF ; k;” Nguhw;wy;> vjphj; J ; epdw ; rf;jpfs; midj;ijAk; ntw;wp fz;lij tphpf;fpw; ngUFk;: tuyhW GfOk;. <w; w py; 1893,y; murpdhy; Vyj; j py; tpw; f g; g l; l > NfjPr;ruk; vd;W fUjg;gl;l kz;Nkl;il jpU.godpag;gr; nrl; b ahh; mth; f s; &gh 3100f; F thq; f pdhh; . ,q; F efuj;jhh; Gupe;j ngUk; gzpia ,yq;if tho; irt kf;fs; ed;wpf; flDld; epidj;J> mth;fis thahu tho;j;jp> cr;rp Nkw;nfhs;sf; flikg;gl;lth;fs;.

Njd; nghe;ij EfUjy; fUtpNyNa Njd; Rit njhpe;j Nfhj;Jk;gpf;fpd;Nwh KbAk;? “epidf;f ,dpf;Fk; guk; guid” guk;giuahfj; “jpd;Wk; fbj;Jk; jpUj;jpAk;”

Extract of the relevant portion of a Deed written by Muththucumara Chettiar Pasupathi Chettiar.

“The said prizes are to be awarded in the names of the following gentlemen who have cither been or are instrumental in establishing. The said Hindu College and have rended material help to promote its interests viz.(1) Arumuganavalar Avargal, (2) Thamotharampillai Chellappah Pillai Esq.(3) Sinnathamby Nagalingam Esq. (4) William Nevins Esq.etc.etc…….. And also in the names of those gentlemen whose memories are in the opinion of the standing committee of the Board of Directors worthy of being perpetuated by virtue of their having done anything to the promothion of the interest of the said College”

Nfby;yhj NfjPr;ruk; ghly;ngw;w ];jyq;fs; vd;w tupirapy;> <oj;jpU ehl; b Yk; ,Ujyq; f s; ,lk; n gw; W cah; e ; j d. “Fiu fly; Xjk; epj;jpyk; nfhopf;Fk;” Nfhz khkiyiaAk;> ghyhtpapd; fiu Nky; > gapy; t hh; gtk; mWf; F k; jpUf;NfjPr;ruKk;> epidg;gth; neQ;rj;jpy; rptj; Njd; Ke;jpg; nghopAk; jpUj;jyq;fshFk;.

MjpAk; me; j Kk; ,y; y h mUk; n gUk; Nrhjpaha; >

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gof;fg;gl;l gRgjpr; nrl;bahh; mth;fs; Njd; nghe;ijr; Ritj; J vk; i kr; Ritf; f itf; f g; Gwg; g l; l hh; f s; . jpUf;NfjPr;ru tuyhw;wpy; 1894Mk; Mz;L ijkhjk; jdpahd xU mj;jpahak;. nrl;bahh; mth;fs; Nkrd;khh;> $ypahl;fs; rfpjk; NfjPr;ruk; nrd;W> epakg;gb nra;td nra;J> fhL ntl;b> Muha;r;rp nra;j NghJ nrytplg;gl;l njhif &gh 8000f;F Nky;. mfo;thuha;r;rpapd; NghJ fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;ltw;Ws; Nrhou;f;fhy fpzWk;>Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; fhyj;Jf;F Kd; topgg; l;ljhf fUjg;gl;ljhf fUjg;gLk; ‘rptypqf; Kk;’> ee;jp> fNzrh; cUtq;fSk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fd. ,r;rptypq;fk; mfo;e;jNghJ kz;ntl;bahy; kWTw;w fhuzj;jhy;> fUtiwapy; ,lk;ngwh. ,d;W Nfhapy; Nkw;Fg; gpufhuj;jpy; vOe; j Usg; ngw; W vk; k th; f ; F md; G eP h ; nrhhpAk; tha;gi ; gj; je;J nfhz;bUf;fpdw ; njd;why; mJTk; mtd; jpUtpisahlNyahk;. fhakile; j fhuzj; j hy; fUtiwapy; Guhjd rptypq; f k; vOe; j Us Kbatpy; i y vd; W fhyk; fUJtjpYk; ghh;f;f> ehpfspd; Cioapd; kj;jpapYk; eQ;R ckpOk; ehfq;fspd; gf;fypYk;> rptehkk; xd;iwNa Jizahff; nfhz;L jdf;Ff; Nfhapy; fz;l gRgjpf;F> xU tuk; je;jhd; NfjPr;ru ehjd; vd;gNj nghUe;Jk;. ,J mtDf;F gof;fg;gl;lJ xd;W md;Nw? te;jpf;fhf kz; Rke;J $yp nfhz;L mf;Nfhthy; nkhj;Jz;L Gz; Rke;j

nghd; Nkdpady;yth? Xukhf mku;eJ ; cj;jk njhz;lh; fhrpapy; ,Ue;J Rke;J te;j rptypq;fk; fUtiwapy; vOe; j Uspa vk; ,Us; mWj; J mUSfpd; w njd; W epidAk; NghJk;> 1903 Mk; Mz;L [_d; khjk; 28Mk; jpfjp xU rpwpa Nfhtpy; ,g;ngUkfdhuhy; fl;lg;gl;lJ vd;gij mwpAk; NghJk; irtkf;fs; cs;snky;yhk; ctifahy; tpk;kp Mde;jf;fz;zPh; gha;fpd;wJ. NfhapYk; RidAk; NfhGuKk; fz;L jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; mkh;e;j gpuhDf;Ff; Fl KOf;Fr; nra;Ak; tuyhw;Wg; ngUik tha;e;j ,j;jpUehspy; > rptr; nrk;ky; gRgjpr; nrl;bahh; mth;fspd; jpUehkk;> njhz;Nl cUthd Njhw;wk;> rptehkk; rpe;ij kwthr; rPyk;> ,j;jidAk; irtg; ngUkf;fs; jpUTs;sq;fspy; vd;Wk; epiyf;f itj; j Ny xU khngUk; rptg; N gwhFk; . rpwg; g hf> tUq;fhyj;ij tskhf;fj; Jbf;Fk; ,isQh;fs; irtj; jpU epuk; g pa gRgjpr; nrl; b ahh; mth; f spd; tho; T k; njhz;Lk; njhpe;J epw;wy; ehl;Lf;F eyk; jUk; vd;W fUJfpd;Nwhk;. “gj;jhfpa njhz;lh; gRgjpr; nrl;bahh; ngUikia ehSk; mth;f;F ey;Fk; ek;kth;jhk; msf;f ty;yhh;”. (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; jpUf;Flj; jpUkQ;rd kyh; es Mz;L Mdp cf - 04-07-1976> jpUf;NfjPrr; u Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rig ntspaPL)

rptDf;F jpUf;Nfhapy; fl;Ltjd; gyd;

rptngUkhDf;Ff; fUq;fy;Nyh my;yJ kuj;jhNyh my;yJ nghd;> nts;sp Kjypa cNyhfq;fshNyh my;yJ kz;zhNyh jpUf;Nfhapy; fl;ltpj;jtd; ehs;NjhWk; rptNahfj;jhy; me;jr; rh;Nt];tuidg; G+rpj;jtd; milAk; gaid mile;J jd; Guj;jpy; ,we;j gpJh;fis E}W jiyKiw tiuapYk; vd;Wk; Mde;j kakhd rptNyhfj;ij milar; nra;thd;.

rpthyak; xd;iw nghpjhfNth rpwpjhfNth eph;khzQ;nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;W xUth; jd; kdj;jhy; epidj;jTlNd jhd; VO gpwtpfspy; nra;j ghtq;fspypUe;Jk; Gdpjkilthd;. rh;tfh;j;jhthd rptngUkhDf;F Myak; fl;Ltpj;J mjpy; rptypq;fg; gpujp\;il nra;tpj;jth;fs; rfy nysfPf Nghfq;fisAk; mDgtpg;ghh;fs;. Gz;zpa jyq;fspy; rptypq;fg; gpujp\;il nra;tpj;jth;fs; rfy Nyhfq;fspYk; rpwe;j Kf;jp milthh;fs;. fUq;fy;yhy; rpthyak; nra;tpj;jth; mf;fw;fs; xt;nthd;Wf;Fk; xt;Nthuhapuk; Mz;Lfs; rptNyhfj;jpy; trpg;ghh;fs;.

Gz;zpafukhd rptypq;fg; gpujp\;il kl;LNk nra;jhy; ,we;j gpd;dUk; ,wthjtdhfNt ,Ue;J jd; tk;rj;jpy; ,we;jth;fisAk; ,dpg; gpwg;gth;fisAk; fw;ghe;j fhyk; tiuapy; Gdpjh;fshfr;nra;thd;;. rptypq;fg; gpujp\;il nra;gtidf; fz;L jhDk; mt;thW rptypq;fg; gpujp\;il nra;jhy; ew;fjpailayhk; vd;W epidj;jtd; mg;NghNj Gz;zpadhfpj; jhd; Kd;G nra;j ghtq;fisnay;yhk; xopj;J Kf;jpf;F mUfdhthd;. (ed;wp: rptkfh Guhzk;)

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

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rptkzp Nrh;. fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd;; -rp.f-

ee;jkJ FyQ;nra;j ew;wtj;jpd; gadhfr; irtnewp cynfq;Fk; ghypf;Fk; jd;ikapy; ehtyUf;Fg; gpd; rptk;ngUf;fp te;j nghpahh; rghgjp ehtyuth;fshth;. jpUthtLJiw, kJiu Nghd;w Mjpdq;fshy; ‘ehtyh;’, ‘kfhtpj;Jthd;’ vd;Wk;, ,uhkehjGuj;Jjurd; gh];fu NrJgjp MfpNahuhy; ‘irtrpfhkzp’, ‘gurkaNfhshp’ vd;Wk; rpwg;Gg;g l;l q;f s; toq;f g;g l;L g; ghuhl; l g; gl; l nghpahh; ,tuhth; . ,g; n gUk; gpwg; g hsh; gpwe; j Ch; Nfhg;ghahFk;. m/Nj ek; rptkzpath;fsJk; Cuhk;. je;ijahh; NtyhAjh; fe;ijah; jhahh; ijay;Kj;Jg;gps;is; guk;giuahd Jha rpt ed;ndwp Mrhu mEl; ; l hdq; f s; Ngzp te; j FLk; g j; j pdh; ; ,k; i k ,d; g j; j pw; F VJq; Fiwapyhr; nropg; g hd guk;giu. ,th;fSf;F %d;W gpsi ; sfs;; Kjy; ,UtUk; ngz; f s; ; ,isath; Mz; . ,th; j hd; gpw; f hyj; j pw; fPhj; j; pngwg; ngUtho;T tho;eJ ; ngUk; gzpfs; gy Mw;wpa itj;jpaehjd;; ,th; gpwe;j ehs; 23-07-1896. rpWtd; itj; j paehjd; Muk; g f; fy; t pia Ch;gs;spapYk;, ,ilepiy, cah; tFg;Gf; fy;tpia aho;.kj;jpa fy;Yhhp, rk;gj;jphprpahh; fy;Yhhp, nfhOk;G Gdpj NahNrg;G fy;Yhhp Mfpatw;wpy; ngw;wdh;. gpd;dh; kUj;Jt epGzuhtjw;F tpUk;gp kUj;Jtf; fy;Yhhpapw; Nrh;e;jdh;. 1921,y; ,q;fpyhe;Jf;Fr; nrd;W <uhz;Lfs; kUj; J tq; fw; W te; j th; jpBnud mjid tpl; L r; rl; l k; gapd; w duhk; . <w; w py; mjidAk; tpl; n lwpe; J tpl;L khdpl ,d tuyhw;Wj;Jiw (Anthropology) gapd; W mjpy; rpwg; G g; g l; l k; ngw; w hh; . ,jd; gpd; d h; me;e hspy; cah; cj;jpNahfg; gjtp vd;W fUjg;gl; L te;j ‘rptpy; Nrit’ apy; ehl;lq;nfhz;L mj;Njh;tpYk; rpj; j pnaa; j pdhh; . ,jdhy; ehl; b d; gy ghfq; f spYk; eph;thf Nritfshw;Wk; tha;g;Gf;fs; fpl;bd. ,f;fhyj;jpy; g y r%f j ; j tu J n jhl h;Gk ; Fz ,a y;G fS k; gof; f Kk; Vw; g l; l d. ,d; D k; cyf muq; f pYs; s ngUk; ngUk; murpay;thjpfsJ ,ay;GfisAk; tpUg;G ntWg;Gf;fisAk; mwpe;jpUe;jhh;. Kf;fhyq;fisAk; mwpe;J elf;ff;$ba murje;jpNuhghaq;fisAk; ed;F fw;wpUe;jhh;. ,aw;ifahd ,tuJ tpNtfj;Jld; $ba jpwikfNs ,tiu Kd;Df;F Kd;dhfTk; NkYf;F NkyhfTk; cah; j ; j p te; j dthk; . ,j; j pw mjptpNtf Mw; w y; f s; j hd; Rje; j pu ,yq; i fapd; ghJfhg; G ntspehl;likr;rpd; epue;jur; nrayhsuhfTk; 1950,y; nfsut Nrh;gg; l;lk; ngwTk; gpdd ; hspy; ehl;bw;F eyd;Ghp

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ey; y ikr; r uhfTk; epakdk; ngwitj; j d. Mapd; ,itahTk; epiyahd ,d;gk; gag;gdty;y vd;gij <w; w py; czh; e ; j hh; . tho; t pd; epiwT Ntz; b g; gy Gz;zpa mUl;jpUg;gzpfis Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. “mWtif tpsf;FQ; irtj;jstpyh tpujQ;rhUk; newptop epd;w Ntlk; ePba jtj;jpDs;Nshh; kWtW kdj;jpy; md;gpd; topapdhy; te; j Nahff; Fwpepiyngw; w njhz; l h; Fohj;Jld; Fohtp” thoj; jiyg;gl;lhh;. ,q;F ,th; r%f rka fy;tp fyhrhu tsh;r;rpfisj; Njrpa xUikg;ghl;L Kiwapy; Ngzpg;ghJfhf;fg; nghpJk; ghLgl;l NghjpYk;, jdpg; g l; l jdJ ,d nkhop rka fyhrhuq; f spd; g+uzj;Jt chpikfisf; fhg;gjpy; kpf;f fz;Nzhl;lk; nrYj;jp te;jtuhth;. ,tw;wpd; tpisit vjph;Nehf;fp Mz; i kAlDk; , jhshz; i kAlDk; , tpopg; G lDk; fyf;fkpdw ; p my;Yk; gfYk; mauhJ cioj;J te;jtuhth;. nfhOk;G tpNtfhee;j rigapd; Jizj; jiytuhfTk; fhg;ghsuhfTk; gy Mz;Lfs; ,Ue;jth;; mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wj;jpd; epWtd cWg;gpdh;fspy; Kf;fpakhdtuhfTk; jiytuhfTk; tpsq;fpath;; ehtyh; fofj;jpd; mjpguhf kyh;e;jth;; nfhOk; G ,e; J thypgh; rq; f j; j pd; fhg; g hsuhfTk; MNyhrfuhfTk; Muk;gfhye;njhl;bUe;J cjtpath;. jdJ gpwe;jfj;jpy; jq;fs; Fynja;tkhf tpsq;fpte;j tPugj;jpuh; Myaj; i jg; GdUj; j huzQ; nra; t pj; j th; ; 1954,y; tpUJ efhpy; eilngw;w irtrpj;jhe;j kfhehl;bw;Fj; jiyikjhq;fpath;; 1960,y; irtrpj;jhe;j kfhehL jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;jpy; eilngwf; fh;jj; hthf epdw ; th;; ,d;Dk; vj;jid vj;jidNah NgUf;nfy;yhk; gy cjtpfisr; nra; j pUf; f pd; w hh; . mg; g bNa ,th; nra; j gzpfis ,d;Dk; mLf;fpy; FtpAk;. Mapd; ,itnay;yhk; ,tiug; ngUikg; gLj;jtpy;iy. xNunahU gzp - jpUg;gzpNa ,tiu cah;j;jptpl;lJ - Gfoitj;J tpl;lJ - cyfk; cs;stiu ek;kth; neQ;rpy; mth; ngaiu ePff; kw epiyf;f itj;Jtpl;lJ. mJ Ntz;lhd; Gfo; Ntz;lhd; vd;w gw;ww;w epiyapy; mth; njhlq;fpajhFk;. mg;gzpjhd; ,d;W ahk; jpUf;Fl kQ;rdq; fhZe; jpUf;NfjPrr; ug; ngUq; Nfhapw; GdUj;jhuzj; jpUg;gzpahFk;. ,J mth; nfhz;l irtj;jpUf;Nfhapw; gzp vd;wJld; khj;jpuk; epwf; tpyi ; y. <oj;jkpohpd; kWkyh;r;rpia fhl;lf; - fhzf;nfhz;l ngUk;gzpAkhk;. Vd;? <oj;jkpoh; rPUlDk; rpwg;GlDk; tho;e;jfhyk; jpUf;NfjPRtu jpUf;NfhNzRtu fhyk; vd;Wk; mtw;wpd; mopghl;Lld; - tPo;r;rpAld; mt; ,dk; 30

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

,e;ehl;by; jho;e;Jtpl;lJ vd;Wk; kPz;Lk; mt;tpdk; Gj;Japh; ngw Ntz;bd; ,t;tpU Nfhtpy;fSk; gz;ila epiy nghypT va;jNtz;Lk; vd;Wk; mbf;fb $wpte;jth; itj;jpaehjd; mth;fshth;. ,th; <oj;jkpohpd; nghw;fhy tho;itf; fhzj;Jbj;jhh; vd;gjw;F ,d;Ndhh; nra;jpia fz;L vLj;Jf;fhl;Ltjpy; jtwpy;iy vd vz;ZfpNwhk;. Kd;dh; nra;njhopj;j nfhLikfs; Nghjhntd; W 1963,y; fj; N jhypf; f h; jpUf; N fjP r ; r u vy; i yapy; tpiotpj; j ,Lf; f zpd; NghJ fj;Njhypf;f rkaj;ij jOtpa me;ehs; ey;Yhh; ehlhSkd; w cWg; g pduhf ,Ue; j lhf; l h; ,.K.tp. ehfehjd; mth;fs; aho;g;ghzk; mjpNkw;wpuhzpahh; mth; f l; F 2.7.63,y; tiue; j fbjNk mJthFk; . mjpy; mth; $wpait: “mthplk; vJ jtwpUe; j hYk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; ,Ue;j gioa Myaj;ijAk; jkpoh; fyhrhu epiyaj; i jAk; GJg; g pg; g jpy; ,yq; i fj; jkpoh;fs; vy;NyhUf;Fk; ,irthd kNfhd;dj Njrpa Nrit nra;J tUfpd;whh; Nrh; fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; vd;gij kwf;fKbahJ.vkJ kjk; vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; ghjfkpy;iy. jkpo;NgRk; kf;fshfpa ehk; vy;NyhUk; vkJ gioa nghw;fhyj;ijj; jpUg;gp mikf;Fk; mtUf;F vk; Cf; f j; i jAk; ciog; i gAk; ey; f Ntz; L k; . ” vd;gjhk;. lhf;lh; ehfehjd; mth;fs; itj;jpaehjd; mth;fspd; cs;sj;ij mse;J, mse;jstpy; epjhdkhf epd;wy;yth jdJ fbjj;jpy; $wpAs;shh;! ,jw;F Nkyhf rptkzpath;fs; Nkw;nfhz;l ,g;gzpgw;wpg; Ngr NtWk; ,lk; Ntz;Lkh? cz;lh? mLj; J r; rka mbg; g ilapy; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; i j Nehf;Fk; NghJ Vohk; vl;lhk; Ehw;whz;Lfspy; tho;e;j rka Futh; f s; fz; L ghba jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; i jf; fhztpioj;jth; itj;jpaehjdhh;. khTk; g+fKk; fjypAk; neUq;fpg; nghypTju, tz;Lfs; gz;nra;Ak; khkyh;g; nghopypNy kQ;iQfs; elkpl, mbath;fs; fz;biwQ;Rk; glNthpil klthnshL ghtk; tpidaWf; F k; ghyhtpapd; fiuapy; mofkh; tz;Nlhjhpf;F mUs;Rue;j ngUikAld; jpUf;NfjPr;ru ehjd; vOe;jUspapUf;Fk; jpUf;Nfhyg; ngUq;NfhapiyAk; - nry;tneLkhlk; nrd;W NrNzhq;Fk; thd;Kl;Lk; NfhGuq;fisAk; NjNuhLk; jpUTyh tPjpfisAk; khNjhl;l efiuAk; Njhw;Wtpff; Nt Cz; cwf;fkpd;wp cioj;jhh;.

Nfhapw; g zp rhjhuz Ml; f s; nra; A k; gzpah? khkd; d h; f ; F hpa gzpad; N wh ,J. mJTk; ngUq; Nfhapw; gzpia Nehf;fpy; ,r;rhjhuz itj;jpaehjd; Nkw;nfhz;lJ mjpraj;jpDkjprae;jhd;.30.08.1952,y; ,th; jiynfhLj;j ,g;ngUk; gzpapy; mth;fz;l fdTk; vk; Ke;ijNahh; MirAk; tpiutpy; if$Lk; vd;W ehk; ehs; ghh;j;jpUf;ifapy; ngUkhd; Rikia vk;nghWg;gpy; tpl; L 28.08.1965,y; mtUf; F epiwT nfhLj; J g; ngUtho; t spj; J j; jd; N dhL Nrh; j ; J f; nfhz; l dd; . ,tuJ epiditnahl; b 27.02.66,y; nfhOk; G gk;gyg;gpl;b ruRtjp kz;lgj;jpy; Md;krhe;jpf; $l;lk;

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xd;W eilngw;wJ. mjpy; ,th; caph; cliy tpl;Lg; gphpAk;NghJ cldpUe;j jkpo;ehl;Lg; nghpahh; Nguhrphpah; m.r.Qhdrk;ge;jd; ‘rpd;Kj;jpiuAld; itj;jpaehjd; rptd;jhs; Nrh;e;jth;’ vdf; $wpdhh;. ,J ‘vy;iyapy; Gfo; ve;ij NfjPr;ruk; ,uhg; gfy; epide;Njj;jp my;yy; MrWj;J murdbapid njhOk; md;guhk; mbahNu’ vd;w rk;ge;jh; Njthuj; jpUtbfspd; cz;ikiaNa cWjpg;gLj;Jtjhf mike;jJ Nghw;ww;Fhpajhk;. ,g; n ghpahhpd; tho; T vkf; F Xh; ,yf; f zkhf mike;J tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. md;dhiu epidf;Fk; NghJ “mwptJ mwpe;J mQ;RtJ mQ;rp cWtJ cyF ctg;gr; nra;J ngWtjpdhy; ,d; G w; W thOk; - ,ay; G ilahh; vQ;Qhd;Wk; Jd;Gw;W tho;jy; mhpJ.” vd;w ehybahUk; Qhgfj;jpwF ; tUfpdw ; J. ,g;gbahf <oj; J r; irtj; j pd; ngUq; f htyuzhf tpsq; f pa ,g;nghpahhpd; gphpTld; NfjPr;rug;gzpfs; epd;W tpLNkh vd;W $l vk;kth; vz;zpapUe;jdh;. Mapd; ngUkhd; mt;tsT Jhuj;jpwF ; vk;ik tpl tpUk;gtpyi ; y. epdw ; hYk; ,Ue;jhYk; fple;jhYk; ele;jhYk; nkd;whYk; tpopjj; hYk; ,ikj;jhYk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; jpUf;NfjPr;rug;gzp vd;w ,ilawhr; rpe; i jAld; ciof; f ty; y nghpNahid kiyf;F kiyahfj; je;Js;shd;. mth;jhd; tof;fwpQh; nghypfz;b ,.ekrpthak; mth;fshth;. itj;jpaehjd; tpl;l ,lj;jpypUe;J njhlq;fp XusT epiwTfhz ehl;bd; ehw;wpirNahiuAk; jpUg;gzp Ntiyfspy; <Lglitj;J ,d;W ahk; fhztpUf;Fk; jpUf;FlKOf;fpw;Ff; fhyhf ,Ug;gth; ,g;nghpahNu vd;gJ ehlwpe;j nra;jpahFk;. ,d;Dk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; ngUkhNdhL fye;J ngUtho;T ngw;w itj;jpaehjd; mth;fisr; rptNyhfg; nghypTld; ,d;W fhl;rpjUk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; jpUf;Fl kQ;rdg; nghypT fhztUk; rptfzehjh; thpirapypUj;jp Mypq;fdQ; nra;J mfkfpo;Nthkhf.

Fwpg;G:itj;jpaehjd; mth;fsJ jpUkzk; 29.04.1926,y; eilngw;wJ. fPhpkiyr; rpwhg;gh; klk; Nghd;w gy mwg;gzpfs; nra; j rz; b ypg; g hiar; Nrh; e ; j fjpuNtYr; r pwhg; g h; kugpy; te; j rz; K fk; kfs; GtNdRthpNa ,th; ,y; y j; j urpahth; . ,th; f Sf; F ,U Mz; f Sk; ,U ngz;fSk; gpsi ; sfshth;. ,Wjpahf %r;Rg;gwpAk; NghJ nghpahh; kidtpahhplk; $wpaJ “NfhGuj;ij ed;whff; fl;Lq;fs;” vd;gNjahk;. mjd;gb mth; FLk;gj;jpdh; mg;gzpia epiwT nra;jJld; jpUf;NfjPr;ru epj;jpa iekpjj; paq;fSf;F Ntz;ba Ntz;bahq;F fhye;jtwhJ cjtp tUfpd;wdh; vd;gJTk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fdthk;. (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; jpUf;Flj; jpUkQ;rd kyh; - es Mz;L Mdp cf - 04-07-1976> jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rig ntspaPL)

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

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jpUf;NfjPr;ruKk; ehtyh; mth;fSk; gz;bjkzp rp.fzgjpg;gps;is “fUjepd; w NfjP r ; r uq; ifnjhof; fLtpid ailahNt” jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; jpUf;Nfhzkiyf;F ntF fhyj;jhy; Ke; j paJ. jpUf; N fjP r ; r u goik rhpj; j puj; j pw; N fh> mfo;thuha;r;rpfSf;Nfh vl;lhjJ. GuhNzjpfhrq;fshy; xUthW Cfpf;fw;ghyJ. xU fw; g j; j pd; NkU kiyapd; %d; W rpfuq; f s; njd; flypy; tP r g; g l; l d. mtw; W s; xU rpfuk; ,e;jpud; Mizahy; Njtjgjpahd tpRtfd;khthy; myq;fhGupahf mikf;fg;gl;lJ. kw;nwhU rpfuk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk;. mr;rpfuj;ij nfhz;L tpRtfd;khtpd; %j;j Gjy;tdhd kfhJtl;lh> xU rpW efuQ; nra;J mjd; kj;jpapy; xU rpt];jyj;ijAk; mikj; j hd; : efuk; mtd; ngauhy; kfhJtl; l hGuk; vdg;gl;lJ. mJNt khNjhl;lk; vd kUtpw;W. kj;jpapy; mikj;j rpt];jyk; rpfuj;jpd; ngauhfpa jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; vd toq;Ffpd;wJ. khNjhl;lj;NjhL $ba jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; NtW: ,yq;if NtW. ,uz;Lk; xU fhyj;jpy; cz;lhdit. %d;whQ; rpfuk; fe;j khjdk;. ,J ,uhkh; mizfl;ba NghJ epyg;gug;ghf mikf;fg;gl;lJ. fhy miltpy; fe;j khjdk; ,uhNkRtuj;NjhLk;> khNjhl;lj;NjhL $ba jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; ,yq;ifNahL ,ize;Jtpl;ld. kw;nwhU fw;gj;jpy; ,khry ifyhaj;jpd; %d;W rpfuq;fs; j~pz G+kpapy; tPrg;gl;ld. mtw;Ws; xd;W jpUNfhzkiy: mJ ,yq;ifapy; tPo;e;jJ. kw;wit jpUf;fhsj;jpAk;> jphprr; puhg;gs;spAkhk;.%d;W j\pz ifyhrq;fs;. jpUNfhzkiyia j\pz ifyhrk; vd; W toq;FtJ Nghy> NkU rpfukhfpa jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;ij mt;thW toq;Ftjpy;iy. kfh Jtl; l hTf; F ,Uth; jk; g pah; . xUth; kE: kw; i wath; kad; . kad; Gjy; t p ke; N jhjhp> epj; j pa fd;dpiffs; thpiriar; Nrh;e;j cj;jkp ke;Njhjhp: ,uhtzd; kidtp. ,uhtzd; kzf;Fk; NghJ mts; tapw;wpw; rptfh;g;gkhapUe;J ,yq;ifapw; gpwe;jts; rPij. ,t;tuyhW ,ilg;gpw tuyhapDk; ,q;Nf mwpaj;jf;fJ. ntF fhyj;Jf;F Kd;dNk jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jyk; kz; kio nga;J kzy; %bg; gpd; fhlha; tpl;lJ vd;W fu;z

ïªJ xË

guk;giuf; fijAKz;L. rka Futh; f shfpa %th; ehad; k hh; fhyj; j pYk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; fhlhfNt ,Uf;fyhk;. Njthug;ghly;fspw; fhzg;gLk; jpUf;NfjPr;Rtuk; mth;fs; mff; fhl;rpapw; fhl;rpaspj;jjhfyhk; vdf; fUjyhk;. “fUj epd;w NfjPr;ruq; ifnjhof; fLtpid ail ah Nt” vd;w Qhdrk;ge;jk; gps;isahh; thf;fpy; “fUj epd;w NfjPrr; uk; fUj;jfj;Nj fz;l kiwe;j NfjPrr; uk;” vdyhk;. jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; rk;ge;jg; gps;isahuhYk; Re;ju%h;j;jp ehadhuhYk; ghlg;gl;l ngUik tha;ej ; J. jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; vd;Dk; ehkk; jpUehTf;furh; jpUehthy; cr;rhpff; g;gl;lJ. ke;jpu rf;jp tha;ej; J. ,tw;why; jdf;Fj; jhNd ,izaha jdpr; rpwg;G tha;e;j Gdpjj; jyk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk;.

Gdpjk; kpf; f ijtpf rptj; j yq; f s; topgLk; gf;Fth;fsUfpa fhyj;jpy; kiwtJk;> gf;Fth; rpyupd; jt tpNrlj;jpdhy; xU ghfNkh KOtJNkh ntspg;gLtJk; ,aw;if vd;W mwpe;Njhh; $wf; Nfl;lJz;L. vj; j idNah E}w; w hz; L fs; fopj; J > nrd; w E}w;whz;L kj;jpapy; xNu xU MWKfehtyh; ,Ujaj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPrr; u vz;zk; fUf;nfhz;lJ. “aho;gg; hzr; rka epiy” vd;w Jz;Lg; Gj;jfj;jpy; ,Wjpg; ge;jp> “irt rkapfNs! Njthuk; ngw; w rpt]; jyq; f Ss; ,uz; L ,t; t pyq; i fapy; cs; s d. mitfSs; xd; w hfpa jpUNfhzkiyf; F r; rk;ge;j%h;j;jp ehadhh; jpUg;gjpfnkhd;wpUf;fpd;wJ: kw; n whd; w hfpa jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; J f; F jpUQhd rk; g e; j %h; j ; j pehadhh; jpUg; g jpfnkhd; W Q; Re; j u%h; j ; j p ehadhh; jpUg; g jpfnkhd; W k; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,j;jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; tl khfhzj;jpd; fz;Zs;s kd;dhUf;F mjp rkPgj;jpypUf;fpd;w khNjhl;lj;jpYs;sJ. ,j;jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; mope;J fhlhff; fplf;fpd;wNj! GjpJ Gjpjhf ,t;tpyq;ifapy; vj;jidNah Nfhapyf; s; fl;lg;gLfpdw ; dNt! ePqf; s; ,e;j kfh ];jyj;ij rpwpJk; epidahj njd;idNah! ,t;tpyq;ifapYs;s tPG+jpjhhpfs; vy;yhUQ; rpwpJ rpwpJ cgfhpf; f pDk; vj; J izg; ngUe; n jhifg; nghUs; Nrh;e;J tpLk;!,ij ePq;fs; vy;NyhUQ; rpe;jpj;J ,j;jpUg;gzpia epiwNtw;WtPh;fshapd; mUl; flyhfpa rptngUkhd; cq;fSf;F mEf;fpufQ; nra;thh;”. vdf; $wpr; irth;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jfpd;whh; ehtyh; ngUkhd;.

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jpUf;NfjPr;ru epyk; murhq;fr; nrhj;jha; tlkhfhz mjpgjpapd; mjpfhuj; j py; ,Ue; j J. ehtyupd; ,sikf;fhyj;jpy; “ilf;Fk;” kj;jpa fhyj;jpy; “wrYk;” khfhz mjpgh; f shapUe; J ehtyUf; F cWJiz Ghpe;jth;fs;. mth;fs; fhyj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPr;ru vz;zk; fUf;nfhz;bUf;Fkhapd;. ehtyh; ngUkhid tpjpg;gb rpthyak; vLj;Jg; G+irf;; fpukk; Kjypad gw;wpg; gj;jjpAQ; nra;J itj;jpUg;ghh;. wriy jahepjp vd;fpwhh; ehtyh;. wrYf;F gpd; te;jth; Jitdk;. jpUf;NfjPrr; u epyj;ij Jitdk; %yk; ehtyh; ngw tpUk;gtpy;iy. fhuzk; Jitdj;jpd; cj;jpNahf eil Kiwapy; ehtyUf;F mUtUg;G cz;lhapUf;f Ntz;Lnkd;W Cfpf;fyhk;. nghpNahh;fs; ePjp newpfF ; g; Gwk;ghdth;fsplk; vijAk; ngw tpUk;Gtjpyi ; y. ,jw;F vj;jidNah cjhuzq;fs; cs; s d. eP j pf; F g; Gwk; g hdth; f spd; cjtp> vLj; j fUkj;ij khRg;gLj;Jk; vd;gijg; nghpNahh;fs; ed;F mwpthh;fs;. ehtyhpd; me;epa fhyj;jpy; Jitdj;jpd; mePjp kpfg; gpufhrkhfpaJ.kioapdw ; pa gQ;r fhyj;jpYk;> Ngjp Neha;f; fhyj;jpYk;> ViofSf;Ff; fpilf;f Ntz;ba murhq;f cjtpfis JitdKk; > fP O s; s th; f Sk; mg; g bNa cwpQ;rptpl;lhh;fs;. rkak;! rkak;! ,J ey;y rkak;! ntF rdj; JNuhfk;! vd;w Jz;Lg; Gj;jfq;fs; Jitdj;jpd; kPJ ehtyh; nfhLj;j tr;rpu Fyprq;fs;. “aho; g ; g hzj; J f; fr; N rhp meP j p> ngha; > Nfhs; Kjypa Gj;jfq;fs; gbg;gpf;fpw fyPR (College) mjw;Fj; jiyth; (Principal) Jitde; Jiu; cghj;jpahah;fs;; ghte; Njhd;wpa ehisapw;Nwhd;wpa ghjfd;” Mfpa

Kjypahh; Kjypa rpy cj; j pNahfj; j u; f s; ; mitfs; gbg;gpf;fpw jhYfhg; gs;spf;$lq;fs; (Taluk Schools) rpy jiyikf;fhuh;fSila jhdq;fs;. (,J ey;y rkak;- 5Mk; gf;fk;) ViofSf;fpuq;fp ,t;thnwOjpa ehtyh; ngUkhdpd; ijhpak; gw;wp vd;d epidf;fyhk;. Nkw;fhl;ba %d;W fl;LiufSk; ehtyh; gpuge;jj;jpy; cs;sit. ahtUk; gbj;J ehtyh; ahh; vj;jifapdh;! vd;gij Cd;wp czuf; flthh;fs;. ehtyh; FbNaw;w ehl;L ke;jphp ghae;jk;> Jitdj;jpd; Coy;fis vLj;Jf;fhl;b thjpj;jhh;. Jitdk; jd;kPJ Vw;Wk; Fw;wq;fisg; ghpfhpahj top cj;jpNahf ,og;G xd;Nw clw;wz;lKk; ngWk; epiy Neu;e;jJ. Jitdk; nra;tjwpahJ jpifj;jhh;. ,e; e piyapy; ehtyh; ngUkhDf; F miog; G te;Jtpl;lJ. ehtyh; kiwe;jhh; vd;w thh;j;ij Nfl;l mf;fzNk> Jitdj;jpwF ; tpopgG; zh;rr; p cz;lhf;fpaJ. fr; N rhpf; F tpLjiy mspj; J fr; N rhp cj; j pNahfj; j u; midtiuAk; ehtyu; ngUkhdpd; ,Wjpr; rlq;fpy; gq; F gw; w r; nra; j hh; . mLj; j rpy Mz; L fSf; F s; jpUf;NfjPr;ru epyj;ij me;epa kjj;jh; ifg;glhky; ntF jpwikahfr; irth;fSf;Nf Mf;fp itj;jhh; Jitdk;. ehtyh; ngUkhd; Jitdj;ijf; NfshkNy fhhpak; epiwNtwpaJ. ‘ehtyu; ngUkhdpd; jt rf;jp ,Ue;jthW’ (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; jpUf;Flj; jpUkQ;rd kyh; - es Mz;L Mdp cf - 04-07-1976> jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rig ntspaPL)

jpUite;njOj;J - ekrptha jpUite;njOj;jhd ekrptha ,Ys;s xt;nthU ml;ruKk; jj;Jtg; nghUSilait.

• e - jpNuhj kyj;ijAk;> • k - Mzt kyj;ijAk;> • rp - rptkakhapUg;gijAk;> • th - jpUtUs; rf;jpiaAk;> • a - Md;khitAk; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd. ,jd; cl;nghUs; capu;fspy; ciwe;Js;s MztKk; khiaAk; tpyfp rptrf;jp rptj;Jld; If;fpakhtNj ekrptha vd;gjd; gad; vd;gjhFk;.

Md;khTf;F ew;WizahfTk; capu;j;JizahfTk; miktJ ,k;ke;jpukhFk;. tho;tpy; Jd;gq;fisg; Nghf;fTk; ,d;gq;fis ,iaghf;fTk; jpUite;njOj;ij cr;rupg;gJ irtrkapfspd; KbghFk;. gjpQhdk; ngWtjw;fhfj; jpUite;njOj;ij XJjy; Kjy; epiy. gjpQhdj;ijg; ngw;w gpd;du; kythrid jhf;fhky; ePq;Fjw;nghUl;L jpUite;njOj;ij XJjy; ,uz;lhk; epiy. jpUite;njOj;ij cr;rupf;Fk; Kiw khdjk; (nksdk;)> ke;jk; (nkJthf XJjy;)> ciu (cuf;fr; nrhy;Yjy;) vd %tifg;gLk;. ,q;F $wg;ngWk; jpUite;njOj;ijf; fzpj;jy; ,k;%d;W KiwAk; md;W. mwptpDs; fzpf;fg;ngWk; (Rj;j khdjk;) epiyNa MFk;.

ïªJ xË

33

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

âU¡nfÔ¢ru« tuyhW es Mz;L Mdp cf (04.07.1976) md;W jpUf;NfjPr;ru jpUf;Fl jpUkQ;rd kyhpy; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Mya jpUg;gzpr; rigahy; njhFf;fg;ngw;w Mya tuyhw;Wg; gjpT “NkU eLehb kpf;fpil gpq;fiy $U kpt;thdpd; ,yq;iff; FwpAWQ; rhUe; jpy;iytdj; jz;kh kyaj;J} NlWQ; fOid apit rptG+kpNa” vdr; rpwg;ghfj; jpUke;jpuj;jpw; $wg;gLk; <oehl;bw; fPu;j;jp tha;e;j mjpGuhjd rpthyaq;fs; gyTs. mtw;Ws; Kf;fpakhdJ jpUf;NfjPr;ruj; jpUj;jykhFk;. %u;j;jp> jyk;> jPu;j;jk; Mfpad %d;Wk; Kiwahf mike;j gjp jpUf;NfjPr;ruk;;. NfJ> kad;> kfhJtl;lh> kz;Nlhjup> ,uhkd;> mfj;jpau; Kjyhk; ngUe;jtj;Njhu;fs; FiwePq;f topgl;L mUs; ngw;Wa;e;j tuyhWila jyk; ,JthFk;. Njtu;fs; ,q;F mu;jj; rhkf; G+ir nra;tjhf Xu; IjPfk; cz;L. Gul;lhjp khjg; G+u;tgl;r rJu;j;jrpj; jpjpNa Njtu;fs; mu;j;jrhkg; G+ir ehshFk;. NfJ topg;gl;l jykhjypd; ,J NfjPr;runkdg; ngau; ngw;wjhk;. ,f;Nfhapy; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;F “khNjhl;lk;” vdg; ngau; te; j fhuzk; #ugd; k Dila kidtpapd; jfg; g Dila jfg; g d; ngau; Jtl; l h vd; g jhNyNa MFk;. mtd; neLq;fhyk; gps;isg; Ngwpy;yhjpUe;J jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpw;F te;J ghyhtpapy; ePuhbf; NfjPr;rug; ngUkhid topgl;L te;jikahw; gps;isg;ghf;fpak; fpilj;jjhk;. ,jdhy; mtd; mt;tplj;ij xU efukhf;fp mq;F thoj; jiyg;gl;lhdhk;. “Jtl;lh” vd;Dk; ngau; nfhz; l mtdhy; cz; l hf; f g; n gw; w efukhifahy; mJ Jtl;lh Mfpg; ngU efukhd NghJ “khJtl;lh” MfpajhfTk; > fhyf; f pukj; j py; mr; n rhy; jphp gile; J “khNjhl;lk;” vdg; ngau; ngw;wjhfTk; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. ,t; t hya kfhypq; f j; i jg; G+rpj; j Njtu; f Sk; > Kdptu; f Sk; rpj; j p Kj; j pfisg; ngw; w pUg; g jpdhy; ,t;thya %h;j;jp tpNrlk; ngw;W tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. jd;id mile;j ,we;Njhh;f;Fg; gpuzt cgNjrQ; nra;Ak; ,lkhfj; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; ,Ug;gjhy;> jy tpNrlk; kpf;f jykhfTk; tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. ,t;thyaj;jPh;j;jkha; ghyhtpf; fiuapw; gpjph;f;fld; nra;Nthh;f;Ff; fahtpw; nra;AQ; rpuhh;j;j Gz;zpa gyd; $Lk; vd;gjdhYk;> ,q;F ePuhbf; NfjPr;rug;ngUkhid topgLNthh; f ; F g; gpukfj; j p Kjypa ghtq; f s; ePq;Ffpd;wjdhYk; jPh;j;j tpNrlKk; ngw;w jykhfpd;wJ ,t;thyak;.

ïªJ xË

,e; e hl; L Mjpf; F bfshfpa ehfh; f sJ jiyaha tzf; f j; j ykhf tpsq; f paJk; NfjP r ; r uNkahk; . ,jdhy; ehfehjh; vd;w gok;ngau; xd;Wk; NfjPr;rug; ngUkhDf; F z; L . ,J ehfh; f sJ njhd; i kia vLj; J f; f hl; L tJld; > ,e; e hl; L r; irt newpapdJk; > jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpdJk; njhd;ikiaAk; typAWj;JQ; rhd;WkhFk;.

7Mk;> 8Mk; E}w;whz;Lfspy; tho;e;j rpthDG+jpr; nry;th;fshfpa jpUQhdrk;ge;j %h;j;jp RthkpfshYk;> Re;ju %h;j;jp RthkpfshYk; Njthuj; jpUg;gjpfq;fs; ghlg;gl;l NguUs; kpf;f ngUQ;rptj;jyk; ,JthFk;. mg;gh; Rthkpfspd; jpUtPopkpoiy jpUj;jhz;lfj;jpy; “G+jpad; nghd;dpwj;jh;” vd;w ghlypYk;> Re;juhpd; jpUehl;Lj; njhifapy; “<oehl; L khNjhl; l k; ” vd; w ghlypYk; > Nrf;fpohhpd; nghpa Guhzj;jpy; “me;efhpy; mkh;e;jq;fz; kd;Dkpuh Nkruj;J” vd;Dk; ghly;fspYk; jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; ,lk; ngw;wpUf;fpd;wik ngUikf;FhpajhFk;. NrhoUk; ghz; b aUk; jpUg; g zpfs; gy nra; j Jk; > td; d p ehl;luruJk;> aho;g;ghzj;juruJk; ,iw czh;r;rpahy; epj;jpa iekpj;jpaq;fs; epakkhfr; nra;J tsh;f;fg;gl;l ngUikf; F hpaJkhd ngUk; g jp ,JthFk; . ,j; j pwr; rPUQ; rpwg;Gk; gok; ngUikAk; kfpikAk; tha;e;j <oj; jkpohpd; ,g;Gz;zpa jpUj;jyk;> fhyr;Row;rpapw; rpfF ; z;L rpijTw;W mope;J kz;NklhFk; epiy Vw;gl;lJ. jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; ,Uf;Fk; ,lk; “td;dpehL” vd;W $wg;gLk;. ,t;td;dp ehL 3000 rJu iky; gug;gsT nfhz;ljhFk;. ,t;td;dp ehl;bYQ; rpwg;ghfj; jpUf;NfjPrr; u Myar; #oypy; NtWk; gy jpUj;jyq;fs; mf;fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;jjhfj; njhy;nghUs; Muhr;rpahsh; $Wfpd;wdh;. mtu;fs; $w;Wg;gb jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; me;ehspy; xU Nfhapw; gl; b dk; ( City of Temples) vdg; g Lfpd; w J. me; e hspy; ,t; t hyaf; Nfhl; l Q; rpw; g j; j py; ty; y jgjpfSf; F ciwtplkhf ,Ue;jjhfTk; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. ,d;W fhLkz; b f; f plf; F k; tskpf; f td; d pg; gpuNjrj; j py; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; Nghd; W gy cd; d j rpthyaq; f s; ,Ue;jpUf;fpd;wd vd;gJk;> mit ,d;W fz;Zf;F vl; l hJ mope; J k; > kiwe; J q; fplf; f pd; w d vd; g Jk; mfo;thuha;r;rpahsu; Njw;wkhFk;. md;iwa ghyhtpapd; Kfj;Jthuj;jpy; khe;ijj; JiwKfk; mike; J ,Ue; j J. mq;Nf kiy 34

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

Nghd;w miyfs; vOe;Jk; tpOe;Jk; fhl;rpaspj;jd. fsQ;rpaf;fl;llq;fSk;> ghyj;JiwAk; ghyhtpapd; njd; fiuapy; mike;J tpsq;fpd. mt;tplk; ,d;Wk; “tq;fhiy” (tq;fk; - fg;gy;> fhiy –jq;Fk; epiyak;; fg;gy;fs; jq;Fk; epiyak;) vd;w ngaUld; epytf;fhzyhk;. ghyhtpapd; tl fiuapy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; Myak; mike;J jpfo;e;jJ. mijaLj;J mjd; ghpghyfu;fspd; ,y;yq;fSk;> kf;fs; tho;ej; tsk; kpff; khspiffSk; fhzg;gl;ld. me;ehspy; khspiffs; epytpa cah; e ; j tply; “khspifj; j ply; ” vd;Wk;> me;jzh;fF ; upa ,lq;fs; “ghg;ghNkhl;il” vd;Wk;> Nfhapy; epyj;jpw;F ePh;g;gha;r;Rk; Fsk; “Nfhapw;Fsk;” vd;Wk; ,Ue;jit ,d;Wk; mNj ngau;fspy; ,Ue;J tUtij ehk; fhzyhk;. jpUtpuhNkRtuKila kfhNjtd; Nfhtpy; vd ,d; N dhu; Nfhtpy; ,q; F ,Ue; j jhfTk; tuyhW ,Uf;fpd;wJ. gj;jhk; gjpNdhuhk; E}w;whz;Lfspy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; “,uhruhNrRtu kfhNjtd; Nfhtpy;” vdr; Nrhou;fshy; miof;fg;gl;L te;jJ. Gj;j je;jk; gifaurd; iff;Fg;NghfhJ ghJfhg;gjw;fhf fypqf; j;jpypUe;J nfhz;L tug;gl;lNghJ> nfhz;L te;jth; khe;Njhl;ilapy; ,wq;fpajhfTk;> md;W ,uT mtu; Xu; Myaj;jpy; jq;fpajhfTk; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. mt;thyak; ngUk;ghYk; jpUf;NfjPRtuk; MfNt ,Uf;f $Lk; vd Muha;r;rpahsu;fs; fUJfpd;wdu;. rpjk;guj;jpy; cs;s fy;ntl;L xd;wpd; gb 12Mk; E} w;whz;by; Re;;jughz;bad; vdgtdhy; ,t;thyak; gpw;fhy ghz;bah; rpw;g Kiwapy; jpUg;gpf; fl;lg;gl;ljhff; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. ,t;thyak; Nghu;j;Jf;Nfaupdhy; ,bf;fg;gl;lNghJ> ,bj; j Myaj; j pw; #iwahlg; g l; l tpf; f pufq; f s; khNjhl;lj;jpy; Kjyhtjhfg; Nghu;j;Jf;Nfauhy; fl;lg;gl;l KjyhtJ Njthya mj;jpthuj;jpy; ,lk; ngw; w jhfg; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. %d;W KO E}w;whz;Lfs; ,Ue;j ,lk; njupahky; ,Ue;j jpUf;NfjPr;ru epyj;ij thq;fp mjpy; Nfhapy; vLj;Jg; gioik ehl;lg;gl Ntz;Lnkd mthtpatu; irt rkaj;ij tpsf;fKwr;nra;a mtjhu%h;j;jp Nghy; te;j =y= MWKfehtyu; mth;fNsahk;. ,th;fs; “ aho;g;ghzj;Jr; rkaepiy” vd;Dk; Jz;LgpuRuj;jpy; ,J gw;wp ntspapl;likia mwpe;j nfhOk;G jk;igah KjypahUk;> Rgjhh; itj;jpaypq;fKk;> khj;jis jghw; Nfhr;R xg;ge;jf;fhuuhfpa Mirg;gpsi ; sAk; mth; fdit edthf;f Kd;te;jdh;. Mapd; 1887 ,y; ele;j Vyj;jpy; murhl;rpahh; tpjpj;j epge;jidfspd; nfh^uk; fhuzkhf ,th;fs; ,jidf; nfhs;s ,ayhjtuhapdh;.

1890,y; fz; z paKs; s irtg; n ghpahh; rpyh; aho; g ; g hz khtl; l mjpgiu Nfl; l ijnahl; b r; irth;fSf;Nf ,e;epyj;ijf; nfhLf;Fk; gb murpdh;f;F tpjg;Giu nra;J mwptpj;jhh; me;ehs; khtl;l mjpgh;. ,j; j pUf; N fjP r ; r uj; j yj; j pw; F NtW vg; g hly; n gw; w rptj;jyj;jpw;Fk; ,y;yhj jdpr;rpwg;Gnghd;W cz;L. mJ> “NfhapNyh> cUtNkh> G+irNah ahnjhd;WNk ,d;wp

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%d;W KO E}w;whz;lhFk;. ,jd; Kjw; jiyth; irtg; nghpahu; R.rptghj Re;juk; mth;fs;; nrayhsh; ePuhtpab gz;bjh; m.rpw;wk;gyk; Mthh;. ,j;jpUg;gzpr;rigapd; Muk;gfhy Nehf;fq;fs; 01. irtrkaf; Nfhl;ghLfSf;Fk;> nfhs;iffSf;Fk; ,zq;fj; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;ijg; GdUj;jhuzQ; nra;tJk;> mt;thyaj;ijAk; mjd; nrhj;Jf;fisAk; guhkhpj;jYk;: 02.irtrkaf; Nfhl;ghLfSf;Fk;> nfhs;iffSf;Fk; ,zq;fj;jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;ijAk;> ,iw tzf;fj;Jf;Fhpa Vida Myaq;fisAk; epUkhzpj;jYk; ghpghypj;jYk;: 03.klq; f s; > E}y; e piyaq; f s; > thrpfrhiyfs; > ghlrhiyfs; Kjypatw;iw epWTjYk; ghpghypj;jYk;: 04.irtrkag;gpurhuQ; nra;;jy;>gug;Gjy;> tsh;j;jy; rig Kjypa rw;fhhpaq;fspy; <Lgly; Nghd;wdthFk;.

10.2.51,y; nghJr;nrhj;J ghpghydr; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; ,r;rig gjpT nra;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl;ljhFk;. jpUg; g zpr; r ig cjakhfpa gpd; ; d Uk; Nfhapy; chpikfs; ehl; L f; N fhl; i l efuj; j tuplNk ,Ue; J te;jd. 2.8.1956 ,y; $l;lg;gl;l Mya gQ;rhaf;$l;lj;jpw; nra; J nfhzl Nahridg; gb 14.9.1956 ,y; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj;jpy; tpNrl mgpN\f Muhjidfs; nra; J > kq; f sfukhd ey; N yhiuapy; efuj; j hhpd; ey;ypzf;fj;Jld; mth;fsplkpUe;J jpUg;gzpr;rigahh; Myaghpghydj;ijg; nghWg;Ngw;wdh;. Nfhtpy; rk;ge;jkhd fzf; F fis efuj; j hh; 8.11.56 ,y; rigahhplk; xg;gilj;jdh;. ,t; t plj; j py; Mya ghpghydj; i jg; gw; w pAk; > mjd; flikfisg;gw;wpAk; ehk; Kf;fpakha; njhptpj;jYk;> xt;nthU irt mbahUk; mjpKf;fpakha; mwpe;Jf;nfhs;SjYk; ,d;wpaikahjjhFk;. nfhOk;G gioa Gjpa fjpNurd; Nfhapy;fspd; jh;kfu;j;jhf;fSk; rigahUk; Ngrp KbT nra;j tz;zk; 23.4.53 ,y; $ba nghJ eph;thf rigapy;> rigapd; gpukhzk; 26>27.,y; Kjyhk; ,uz; l hk; gphptpy; Nrh; j ; J f; n fhs; s g; g l; l jpUj; j q; f spd; gb nfhOk; G gioa> Gjpa fjpNurd; Nfhtpy; f spd; jh; k fu; j ; j hf; f shy; njhpe; n jLf; f g; g l; l gpujpepjpfs; ,UtUk;> KiwNa jh;kfu;j;jhf;fshfTk;> gQ; r haj; j h; f shfTk; Nrh; f ; f g; g l; L > jh; k fu; j ; j h gj; n jhUtuhfTk; > gQ; r haj; j hh; ItuhfTk; mikf; f KbT nra; ; a g; g l; l J. 29.10.53 ,y; eilngw; w nghJ $l;lj;jpy; rigj;jiyth; gQ;rhaj;jpd; jiytuhfTk;> rigapd; jh;kfu;j;jh FOtpypUe;J ,UtUk;> gioa Gjpa Myaq;fspd; mt;tg;Nghija gpujpepjpfs; ,UtUkhf> Itiuf; nfhz;l gQ;rhak; mikf;fg;gl;lJ. jpUj;jk; nra;j gpukhzg;gb gQ;rhaj;jhNu Myaj;jpd; mirTs;s mirtw;w nrhj;Jf;fisAk; Myaj;ijAk; ghpghypj;J tuTk;> Myaj;jpd; epj;jpa iekpj;jpa G+ir> jpUkQ;rdk;> cw;rtk;> Kjypatw;iw elj;jTk; flikg;gl;lth;fshth;.

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

jpUg;gzp ,j; j pUg; g zpr; r igahhpd; Ntz; L Nfhs; g b jkpo; ehl; i lr; N rh; e ; j jpUthsh; f s; K.nry; y f; f z; Z ]; j gjp> K. itj; j paehj ]; j gjp Mfpath; f spdhy; Nfhapw; rpw; g hfk Kiwg; g b tiuT nra; a g; g l; L > fhrpthrp rpt= <rhd rpthr;rhhpah;> mr;RNtyp rpt= FkhuRthkp FUf;fs;> irtg;nghpahh; R.rptghjRe;juk;> fl;llf;fiyQh; tp. eurpk;kd; MfpNahuJ mq;fPfhuk; ngw;w tiug;glj;jpw;F mika> Rthkp mk;ghs; Nfhtpw; fUtiwfSk; > mtw; N whbize; j mh; j ; j kz; l gk; tiuahd gFjpfs; fUq;fw; jpUg;gzpahfTk;> tpkhdk;> ,uhrNfhGuk;> tpehafh; Kjyhd ghpthu Nfhl;lq;fs; gyTk; fyitf;fl;lhfTk;> ehl;bd; ehw;wpirNahuJk; fly; fle;j ehLfshfpa kNyrpah> rpq;fg;G+h;> njd;dhL Mfpatw;wpYs;s mbahh;fsJk; ngUk; nghUl; nrytpy; Ie;JNguwpTk; fz;fNs nfhs;Sk; tifapy; vOe;jpUf;Fk; ngUk; NfhtpNy es Mz;L Mdp cf (4.7.1976) ,y; Nkyhd fhyk; jkpo; Ntjkhfpa Njthu jpUTUtpy; kl;LNk NfjPr;rug; ngUkhd; ciwe;jpUe;jhh;” vd;gjhk;. ,e;epiyf;F cs;shfp ,Ue;j ,j;jpUg;gjpapd; gioa ,lj;ij fz;lwpe;J mjpy; Nfhapy; vLj;Jg; gioikia epiyehl;l Ntz;Lnkd;w Kaw;rpapy; Kjd; KjyPLgl;lth; 19Mk; E}w;whz;by; irtj;jpd; tpbnts;spahf tpsq;fpa =y= MWKfehtyh; mth;fs; Mthh;. “kd;dhUf;Fr; rkPgj;jpYs;s khNjhl;lj;jpy; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; vd;Dk; Njd; nghe; J xd; W cs; s J: mq; F kUe; J xd; W kiwe;jpUf;fpd;wJ: mjidr; nrd;wilAq; f s; ” vd Mq;fPur Mz;L Ig;grp khjk; (1872) irt cyfpw;F tpQ;Qhgdk; xd;iwAk; ehtyu; ngUkhd; tpLj;jhh;fs;. ,jid Nfs;tpg;gl;L mg;NghJ ,jpy; Kjyhtjhf Kaw;rpj;jth; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpw;F mz;ikapy; cs;s tplj;jy; jPT vd;Dk; Chpduhfpa jpU.tp.NtYg;gps;is vd;gtuhth;. ,d;iwa jpUf;NfjP r ;r u jpUg;g zpr; rigf; F %y tpjj; pll; th; ehtyh; Iah mth;fNs vd;gJk;> jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; Gdh; eph;khzk; ngw Ntz;Lnkd Kjy; Kjyhf Fuy; nfhLj;j rig “aho;gg; hzk; irt ghpghyd rig” vd;gJk; epiwTfhZk; ,e;ehl;fspy; epidT $uw;ghyitahk;. khtl;l mjpgh; tpjg;Giug;gb tpIa Mz;L fhh;j;jpif 29Mk; ehs; (13.12.1893) Gjd; fpoik> mtpl;l ed;ehspy; eilngw;w Vyj;jpy; gioa Nfhtpy; ,Ue;j ,lj;NjhL $ba 43 Vf; f h; 3 W}l; 33 Ngh; r ; fhlile; j epyk; ehl;Lf; Nfhl;i l efuj;jtuhfpa irtg;nghpahh; uhk. mU.mU. godpag;gr;nrl;bahh; mth;fshy; 3100 &ghTf;F aho;g;ghzf; fr;Nrhpapy; nfhs;tdT nra;ag;gl;lJ. 1894Mk; Mz; L Idthp khjj; j py; tz; i z irtj; j pUthsh; rpj.K. gRgjpr; nrl; b ahh; mth; f s; jpUthsh;fs; ,.,uhKg;gps;is itj;jpah;> it.MWKfg;gps;is> jh.,uhftg;gps;is KjyhNdhh; cjtpAld; Nkw; n fhz; l Kaw; r pahy; > [a Mz; L Mdp Kjyhk; ehs; (13.06.1894) Gjd; fpoikad;W gioa Myak; ,Ue;j ,lKk;> jPh;j;jf; fpzW xd;Wk;> gioa Mya gphpjpl; l h ypq; f k; xd; W k; > jpUee; j p>

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Nrhkh];fe;jh;>fNzrh; Mfpa %h;j;jpfsJ rpiyfSk; fz;nlLf;fg;gl;ld. ,jd; epkpj;jk; ,d;W NfhapYs;s ,lj;jpy; rpW Nfhapy; xd;W fl;lg;gl;L E}jdg; gpujpl;il nra;ag;gl;l %h;jj; pfSf;F> NrhgfpUJ Mz;L Mdpjj; pqf; s; 14Mk; ehs; (28.06.1903)Qhapw;Wf;fpoik tsh;gpiw rJh; j ; j rpAk; > mtpl; l el; r j; j puKk; $ba ed; e hspy; KjyhtJ jpUFl KOf;Fr; nra;ag;gl;lJ. md;W Mjp %yf; fUtiwapy; gpujpl;il nra;ag;gl;l rptypq;fk; fhrpapypUe;J nfhz;Ltug;gl;L FlKOf;Fr; nra;ag;gl;ljhf jpUtpuhNkRtu tuyhWfs; $Wfpd;wd. ,jd; gpd;dh; epj; j pa G+irfs; nra; a g; g Ltjw; N fw; w xOq; F fSk; nra; a g; g l; l d. NkYk; njhlh; e ; J gy jpUgzpfs; nra;ag;gl;L fp.gp.1910,y; ,d;ndhU jpUf;Fl KOf;FQ; nra;ag;gl;lJ. ,j;jyj;jpwn; fhz;bUe;j gf;jprpuj;ijapdhy; jpU.gRgjpr; nrl; b ahh; jdJ Md; k hh; j ; j G+irapy; jpUf;NfjPr;rug;ngUkhid Mthfpj;Jg; G+rpj;J te;jhh; vd;gJk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. ,t;thW Gjpjhf mikf;fg;gl;l MyaKk; gOjile;J fhL kz; b fple; j jpdhy; ,jid Gjpg; g pf; f Ntz; b a epiy ,e;ehl;L irth;fSf;F Vw;glyhapw;W. gy irtg; nghpNahhpd; gy Mz;L Kaw;rpahy; ,e;ehl;Lr; irth;fis tpopg; g ilar; nra; a Tk; > jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; i j gioa cd;dj Kaw;rpahy; epiyf;F nfhz;L tuNtz;Lnkd;w Nehf;fj;jpw;fhfTk;> <oj;J rptdbahh; jpUf;$l;lk; vd;w ngahpy; ,aq;fp te;j irt jhgdj;jpd; njhz;lh;fs; rhh;gpy; 1948Mk; Mz;L xf;Nlhgh; 3Mk;> 4Mk; jpfjpfspy; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; j py; irtkhehL xd; W $l; l g; g l; l J. mk;khehl;bw;F ehl;bd; gy gFjpfspypUe;J jifrhd;w irtg;nghpNahu; gyu; tUif je;jpUe;jdh;. ,f;$l;lj;ij $l; l Kd; N dhbahf epd; W mauhJ cioj; j th; f s; NtyizA+iur; N rh; e ; j jpU.tp.Nf.nry; y g; g hr; r hkp mth;fSk;> jpUf;NfjPrr; ur; jpUthrf klj;jpd; fh;jj; hthfpa jpU.rp.rutzKj; J rhkp mth; f Sk; > tof; f wpQh; jpU.R.rptRg;gpukzpak; mth;fSkhthh;. md; W mq; F $ba mk; k hehL jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; Gdh;epUkhzk; ngwNtz;Lnkd;w tpopg;Gzh;it ehL KOtJk; Vw;gLj;jpaJ. mg;ngUtpUg;ig mbj;jskhf nfhz; L 1948 [g; g rp 28,y; nfhOk; G gk; g yg; g pl; b efuj;jhh; fjpNurd; Nfhapypw; $l;ba kd;wpy; cjakhd rigjhd; ,d;iwa jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; Myaj;jpUg;gzprr; ig.

Mz; l td; rpj; j g; g b kiwty; N yhuhy; tpjpj; j ey;Nyhiuapy; jpUf;Fl KOf;Ffhz;fpd;wnjd;gijj; jpUtUs; tpz; z g; g khfj; njupa jUfpd; N whk; . ,j;jpUg;gzpf;fhf ,t;thyak; ghyj;jhgdk; nra;ag;gl;l ehs; 6.6.71 MFk;. ,g;Nghija nfsupak;ghs; Nfhtpw; fUq;fw;wpUg;gzpfs; KOtJk; kNyrpa ehl;L vkJ fpis rq;fj;jpduhw; fl;bKbf;fg;gl;lnjd;gijAk; mf kfpoT ; ld; mwpaj;jUfpd;Nwhk;. ,g;nghOJ mt;thyaj;jpw; gpujpl;il nra;ag;gLk; jpUg; g btq; f spw; ngUk; g hyhdit jkpo; e hl; L khky;yGuj;J rpwg; f;fiy fy;Y}hpapw; nra;ag;gl;ldthFk;. gytpj rpwg; g k; r q; f Sld; nghypT ju ,Uf; F k; ,g;GJf;Nfhapy; ,e;ehl;by; fhzg;glh rpy nghypTfSld; 36

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

mike;jpUf;fpd;wJ. Ik;nghd;dhy; thh;f;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; Nrhk];fe;jUk;> jpUKiwf;NfhapYk;> re;jdhrhhpah; NfhapYk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; fPh;j;jpiaAk; fth;r;rpiaAk; NkYk; NkYk; tsh;f;fg;Nghfpd;wd vd;gjidAk; $w tpUk;Gfpd;Nwhk;. jpUf; N fjP r ; r u jpUg; g zpr; r ig cjakhd gpd; d h; jpUg;gzpfs; nra;J 1952 Mf];l; khjj;jpy; jpUf;FlKOf;F xd;W nra;tpj;jdh;. ,J ,d;W kJiu jpUQhdrk;ge;j klj;J FU Kjy;tuhf tpsq;Fk; =y= NrhkRe;ju Njrpa gukhrhhpa Rthkpfs; md;W FyNrfug;gl;bdk; jpU. Nf.tp.v];.Re;juk; vd;Dk; G+h;thrpukg; ngaUilatuJ nrytpy; eilngw;wjhFk;. gpd;dh; Myar;Rw;wpy; G+kpapd; mbapypUe;Jk; vLf;fg;gl;l gioa kfhypq;fj;ijAk;> tpehafh;> Rg;gpukzpah;> eluhrh;> rz;NlRuh; Kjyhd %h;j;jpfisAk; me;je;j %h;j;jpfSf;Fhpa ,lq;fspy; gpujpli ; l nra;J 31.10.1960 ,y; ,d;Ndhh; jpUf;FlKOf;FQ; nra;tpj;jdh; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;. ,t; N tisapy; gz; i la jpUf; N fjP r ; r uj; i j mikg;gjw;fhf xy;Ykl;Lk; gy;yhw;whDk; gzpfisahw;wpAk; ,lh;fis mDgtpj;Jk; ngUQ;NrhjpNahL ,ize;j Nrh; fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd; mth; f sJ jpUf; N fjP r ; r ug; ngUk; g zpfSk; > NrWk; fhpAk; epiwe;J kz;Nklha; fple;j ghyhtpia kPz;Lk; ntl;b mizf;fl;b ePh;Njq;fp XLk; epiyf;fhf;fp itj;j ePh;ghrdg; nghwpapayhsh; jpU.v];.MWKfk; mth;fspd; NritAk; ek;kth; neQ;rpy; vd;nwd;Wk; epiyj;J epw;f Ntz;badthFk;.

NkYk; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myag; Gdh; epUkhdj;jpd; nghUl;L jpUg;gzpfs; gyTk; nra;J rptd;jhs; Nrh;e;Njhu; gyiuAk; khdrPfkhf ,e;Neuk; jpUf;NfjPr;rug;ngUkhd; eLtpUj;jp tho;j;jp tzq;FtJld;> ,d;W jpUg;gzpfs; gy nra; J nfhz; b Ug; N ghUf; F k; ,dpg; g y gzpfs; nra;atpUg;NghUf;Fk; <wpy;yh ed;ik ngUf mUs;newp te; j idr; nra; a Ntz; L nkd nfshp gq; f uhfpa jpUf; N fjP r ; r ug; n gUkhd; jpUtbfis gyNfhb jue; jho;e;njOe;J ,iwQ;Rfpd;Nwhk;. jpUf;NfjPr;ru epj;jpa iekpj;jpaq;fs; ehs; Neuk; jg; g hJ epakkhf eilngw; W tUfpd; w d. ,q; F eilngWk; mjp rpwg;G tpoh khrpkhj kfhrptuhj;jphpahFk;. gy;yhapuf;fzf;fhd mbath; te;J ghtk; tpidaWf;Fk; ghyhtpapy; ePuhbj; Njtd; vk;ikahSk; jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;jpy; topghlhw;Wth;. jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;ij #o;e;j ,lq;fspy; 1887-19251928-1950 Mfpa Mz;Lfspy; Gijg;nghUs; Muha;r;rpg; gFjpapdh; mfo;thuha;r;rp elj;jpAs;sdh;. ,d; W ,e; e hl; L irth; f sJ kdk; KOtJk; jpUf; N fjP r ; r ug; gf; f Nk rha; e ; j pUg; g jdhy; md; W ehad; k huhy; ghlg; n gw; w ghyhtpapd; gz; i gAk; > jpUf;NfjPr;rur; rpwg;igAk; ahk; Xustpw;Fj; jpUtUs; filf;fNzhf;fhw; ngw;wpUf;fpd;Nwhk;. KOikiaAk; tpiutpw; ngwg; gpuhh;j;jpj;J cjTNthkhf.

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,d; W jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; ahj; j piu nra; N thh; jq;Ftjw;Nfw;w trjpapy; Nfhapiyr; #og; gy jpUklq;fs; mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. jpUQhd rk;ge;jh; klk;> Re;juh; klk;> jpUthrf klk;> ehtyu; klk; (mg;gh klk;)> mk;kh klk;> efuj;jhu; klk;> rptuhj;jpup klk;> jpUg;gjp klk;> nfshp klk; Nghd;wit mitfshFk;. ,tw;NwhL mQ;ryfk;> Foha; ePu;> jpUf;NfjPr;ru irtg; glrhiy> E}y;epiyak;> fpuhkr; rq; f k; > kUj; J tkid> kpd; n dhsp> cw; r t fhyq;fspy; fpilf;Fk; murhq;f cjtpfs; Nghd;wit jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;ijg; nghypT nra;tdthFk;. ,q; F Nfhapy; nfhz; b Uf; F k; ,iwtd; ngau; jpUf;NfjPr;ru ehjh;; ,iwtp ngah; nfshp; jPh;j;jk; ghyhtp> jytpUl;rk; td;dp> tuyhW gw;wpf; $Wk; mope;j E}y;fs; Nghf> vQ;rpait jl;rz ifyha kfhj;kpak;> khe;ij gs;S vd;gdthFk;. ,itad;wpj; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; gw;wpa gpw; f hyj; n jOe; j nra; A k; E}y; f s; jpUf; N fjP r ; r uehjh; jpUg;gjpfk; (1949) eapid f.,uhkr;re;jpud;; jpUf;NfjPr;ru ehjh; fps; i s tpLJ}J (1963) Gq; F L jP T Nguhrhd; rp.,.rjhrptk; gps;is; jpUf;NfjPr;ru ehjd; CQ;ry; (1966) nfhf;Ftpy; j.FkhuRthkpg; gps;is; jpUf;NfjPr;ruGuhzk; (1970) mr; R Ntyp rpt= r.F. itjP ] ; t uf; F Uf; f s; ; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;Jf; nfshp ehafp gps;isj; jkpo; (1976) Gq;FL jPT Nguhrhd; rp .,.rjhrptk; gpsi ; s vd;gdthFk;. cyf rhpj;jpuj;jpd; njhd;ikapy; kiwe;J fplf;Fk; tuyhw; W g; ngUik kpf; f ,g; G z; z pa jpUg; g jpapy; vOe; j UspapUf; F k; ,j; j pUf; N fhapiyg; GJg; g pf; F k; GdUj;jhuz Ntisfspy; <Lgl;bUf;Fk; ,r;rigahdJ kfj; j hd jpUg; g zpfisj; jiyNkw; n fhz; L s; s J. ,j; j pUg; g zpfspdhy; ,iwtDf; F f; Nfhapy; fl; b vOg; G fpNwhk; > vd; g J khj; j puk; nghUsy; y .irt rka tsh;r;rpf;Fk; mjd; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;Fk; VJtha; ,r; r ig mike; j pUf; f pd; w njd; g ijAk; typAWj; j tpUk;Gfpd;Nwhk;. irt rka Nfhl;ghLfisAk;> gz;ghLfisAk; filg;gpbj;J> rpthfkq;fSk;> jpUKiwfSk; fhl;Lk; topia tho;f;ifapNy mD\;bj;J ,iwtd; jpUtb Nrh;f;Fk; jiyikf; Nfhapyhf jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; ,d;W kpspu;fpd;wJ. ,jid njhlh;e;J tsh;f;fTk;> ngUf;fTk; jpUtUs; vd;nwd;Wk; vkf;F if$l Ntz;Lk; vd;W irt ,dj;jpd; jiy rpwe;j xg;gw;w ,g;Gz;zpa jyj;jpd; gzpfs; Xq;fp vk;ik Cf;Ftpj;J mUSk; tz;zk; njhz; l h; ehs; NjhWe; Jjpnra; mUs; nra; mk; i k mg;gh; jpUtbfisg; gpuhh;j;jpj;Jj; jiyNkw;nfhz;L tzq;FNthkhf. ,e; j ,lj; j py; vj; j idNah mbahh; f s; gw; w pAk; > mth;fshw;wpa njhz;Lfs; gw;wpAk; njhptpg;gjw;fpUe;Jk; fhyk; Nghjhikapdhy; mtw;iwj; jtph;j;Js;Nshk;. ,tw;iwg; nghWj;jUSk; tz;zq; Nfl;Lf; nfhs;Sfpd;Nwhk;. (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; jpUf;Flj; jpUkQ;rd kyh; es Mz;L Mdp cf - 04-07-1976> jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rig ntspaPL)

37

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

- kuGfSk; IjPfq;fSk; tp.rptrhkp <oj;jpUehl;bNy Guhjd fhyk; njhl;L irtk; epytp tUfpd;wJ. ,q;Fs;s rptj;jyq;fspNy jpUf;NfjPr;ruKk; jpUNfhNzr;ruKk; Guhjd tuyhw;Wg; Gfo; ngw;wit. ,t;tpU jpUj;jyq;fSf;Fk; rpwg;G tha;e;j kuGfSk; IjPfq;fSk; epytp tUfpd;wd. NkYk; ,it %h;j;jp> jyk;> jPh;j;jk; Mfpatw;wpd; rpwg;Gk; tha;e;jdthk;. jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; gw;wp tpgukhf mwptjw;fhd ek;gfkhd tuyhw;W %yq;fs; mjpfk; ,y;yhtpbDk; jkpo;> rq;fjk;> ghsp> rpq;fsk; Kjypa nkhopfspYs;s njhy;ypaw; rpd;dq;fs; rpyTk; ntspehl;lhrphpah; Fwpg;Gfs; rpyTk; ,j;jpUj;jyk; gw;wp mwptjw;F Jiz Ghpfpd;wd.

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Fwpg;gpLjy; <z;L Rl;lw;ghyJ. ngsuhzpfh; kuGfs;: jkpofj;jpYs;s gpujhd Nfhtpy;fs; rpytw;wpw;F ,Ug;gij Nghd;W jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpw;Fk; gioa Guhznkhd;W ,Ue;jpUf;fyhk;.

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38

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

irtg; ngsuhzpfh; kugpy; ,yq;ifapYs;s ,U rptjyq;fspd; ngUikAQ; rpwg;Gk; vt;thwike;jd vd;gjw;F Kw;fpse;j gFjpfs; rhd;whtd. ,e;E}ypid jOtp 1970 ,y; mr;RNtyp rpt= r.F.itjP];tuf; FUf;fs; jpUf;NfjPr;rug; Guhzk; ghbAs;shh; vd;gJ <z;L epidT $wj;jf;fJ. MjpNrlDk; thANjtDk; Ghpe;j fLk; Nghhpd; tpisthfg; gpLq;fg;gl;L ntt;NtW ,lq;fspy; tpOe;jdTk; fapiykiyapd; rpfuq;fSNk jphp$lkiy> fe;jkhjdk;> jpUf;NfjP];tuk; Mfpad vd;Wk; Guhzk; $Wk;. NkYk; jpUf;NfjP];tuk; njd;ifyhrk; vdTk; mq;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. NfjPr;ruk; vd;w ngah; Vw;gLtjw;F NfJgfthd; topgl;lik fhuzkhff; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. NfJgfthd; NfjP];tu m\;lfk;5 ghbj;Jjpj;J jpUtUs; ngw;whuhk;. ,t;t\;lfj;jpNy NfjP];tu rpwg;Gk; mk;ikag;gh; kfpikAk; xUq;Nf $wg;gLfpd;wd. kfhJtl;lhGuk; vd;w ngah; Njhd;Wtjw;Fj; Njtjr;rd; kfhJtl;lh ,q;F rptgpuhidAk; nfshpak;ghisAk; G+rpj;jpj; jpUtUs; ngw;wik fhuzkhff; $wg;gLk;. jrhj ,uhkd; ,uhtzid nfhd;wjhy; Vw;gl;l gpuk`j;jp ghtk; ePq;fj; jpUf;NfhNz\;tuk;> jpUf;NfjP];tuk;> Kd;Nd\;tuk; Mfpa jyq;fspNy ypq;fg; gpujpl;il nra;J rptgpuhid tzq;fpdhd; vd;Wk; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. ,q;F mfj;jpa Kdpth; KiwNa gj;Jk; xd;gJk; Mfpa RNyhfq;fs; nfhz;l Jjpfshw; rptgpuhid tzq;fpj; jpUtUs; ngw;whh; vdg;gLk;.mf];jpah; ghba gj;J RNyhfkike;j Jjp NfjP];tu jrfk;6 vdg;gLk;. ,t;tpUJjpfSk; NfjP];tu m\;lfKk; NfjPr;ruk; gw;wpa Njthu gjpfq;is epidT+l;Lfpd;wd vd;W $wy; <z;L nghUj;jkhFk;. khjfy; kapy;thfdg;Gythpd; ago;g;ghz itgtkhiy tp[ad; Nkw;Fj;jpirapw; gOJ gl;Lf; fple;j jpUf;NfjP];tuj;ijg; GJg;gpj;jhd; vd;W $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Njthuk; ghba ehad;khu; ghkhiy #l;bdh;. mg;gh; Rthkpfspd; Njthunkhd;wpYk; NfjPr;ruk; gw;wpa Fwpg;Gs;sJ. mEuhjGufhyg; gpw;gFjpf;Fhpa ,U rpq;fs fy;ntl;Lfs; %yk; ,yq;ifapd; jiyefukhf tpsq;fpa mEuhjGuj;jpYk; njd; nfhbapYs;s fjph;fhkj;jpYk; tho;e;j ngsj;ju; kj;jpapYk; NfjPr;ruk; ngw;wpUe;j ngUkjpg;Gk; rpwg;Gk; njspthfpd;wd. mEuhjGu fy;ntl;by; “N[jtd ];J}gpf;F toq;fg;gl;Ls;s jhdk; xd;wpid kPwpath;fs; k`hTJ (k`hjPh;j;jk;) vDkplj;jpy; Ml;bid nfhd;w ghtq;fis milth;”> vd;Wk;9 fjph;fhk fy;ntl;by; Fwpg;gpl;l tpjpfis kPWNthh; k`hnjhbapNy (k`hjPh;j;jjpNy) gRf;fis nfhd;NwhuJ ghtq;fis va;Jth; vd;Wk;10 $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,tw;wpd; %yk; fp.gp 10Mk; E}w;whz;by; ,yq;ifapd; jiyefhpYk; njd;nfhbapYk; ,j;jyk; Gdpj ,lkhf fUjg;gl;lik njspthfpd;wJ. vr;.vy;yhty ngsj;jh;fspYk; irth;fSf;Nf ,J mjpKf;fpakhd Gdpj ,lkhf tpsq;fpw;W vd vLj;Jf;fhl;bAs;shh; 11. fp.gp. gj;jhk; E}w;whz;bd; filf; $wpy; ,yq;ifapw; Nrhou; Ml;rp epiyngw;wNghJ jpUf;NfjPr;ruKk; mth;fSila Mjutpidg; ngw;wJ. gj;jhk;> gjpNdhuhk; E}w;whz;Lfisr; Nrh;e;j ,U Nrhou; fy;ntl;Lfspy; khNjhl;lj;jpNy jpfo;e;j uh[uhN[];tuk;> jpUtpuhkP];tuk; Mfpa ,U Nfhtpy;fs; gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sJ.,tw;Ws; uh[uhN[];tuk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpw;F mspf;fg;gl;l Gjpa ngauhf ,Uf;fyhk; vdf; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. gd;dpnuz;lhk; E}w;whz;bNy ehad;khh; tuyhw;wpid gf;jpr; Rit jJk;g fhg;gpa tbtpyikj;J $wpa Nrf;fpohu; Rthkpfs; jpUf;NfhNz];tuk;> jpUf;NfjP];tuk; gw;wpAk; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh; 12. fp.gp 13Mk; E}w;whz;by; Vw;gl;l ,uz;lhk; ghz;ba Nguurpd; Mjpf;fj;jpd; tpisthf jpUf;NfjP];tuk; irtuhd ghz;ba ngUkd;dupd; Mjutpidg;ngw;wJ. ghz;bah; fy;ntl;Lfs; jpUf;NfjP];tuj;jpy; ,Jtiu fpilahj NghJk; ,f;fhyj;jpw;Fhpa fl;llg;gFjpfs; rpy ,Ug;gjhf fUjg;gLfpd;wd. NkYk; Kjyhk; Re;jughz;bad; fhyj;Jr; rpjk;gu fy;ntl;nlhd;wpNy jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; gw;wpa Fwpg;Gfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ghz;baUf;F gpd; Mjpf;fk; ngw;w tp[aefu ngUkd;du; ,yq;ifapd; tlg;gFjpapy; rpy fhyk; ngw;wpUe;j nry;thf;fpd; NghJ jpUf;NfjPr;ruKk; ,th;fSila Mjuit ngw;wpUf;fyhk; vd;W tuyhw;whrpupah; fUJth;. fp.gp gjpdhwhk; E}w;whz;by; kd;dhh; gFjp Nghh;j;JNfah; Ml;rpf;Fl;gl;lJ.,uhyp tpRtehj rh];jphpahpd; rk;gtf;Fhpg;gpNy jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; xU gFjpapid 1540,y; fly; nfhz;likAk; G+irfs; tof;fk; Nghy fp.gp 1589 tiu eilngw;wikAk; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sjhf $wg;gLfpd;wJ13. kd;dhiu

tuyhw;W kuGfs; kfhtk;rKk; kfhtk;rBfhTk; jpUNfhzkiyapYk; NtwpU ,lq;fspYk; ,Ue;j rptypq;f jyq;fis mopjj ; dthf $Wk; kfhNrddpd; (fp.gp.276-303) kfDk; ,yq;if ngsj;jh;fspd; Gdpj rpd;dq;fspnshd;whd ‘je;jjhJ’ ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;Ltug;gl;l fhyj;jpy; Ml;rp Ghpe;jtDkhfpa = Nkftz;zd; (fp.gp 303331) fhyj;jpNy jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; mofpa Nfhapy; xd;wpUe;jJ vd;W ‘je;jjhJ’tpd; tuyhw;wpid $Wk; jhlhtk;rk; $Wfpd;wJ 7. fp.gp Vohk; E}w;whz;by; tho;e;j jpUQhdrk;ge;jUk; fp.gp vl;lhk; E}w;whz;by; tho;;e;j Re;ju%h;j;jp RthkpfSk; jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; gw;wp jdpj;jdpNa gjpfq;fs; ghbAs;sdh;. rkfhyj;jpYk; mjw;F Kd;dUk; ,j;jyj;jpd; rpwg;G jkpofj;jpNy ed;F epytpakhNyNa

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39

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; mbikahf nfhz;lJ 1590,y; vd;gJ ftdpf;fjf;fJ. Nghh;j;Jf;NfaUf;F Kd;Ng jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; Gfo; kq;fpw;W vd xU rhuhh; fUjpDk; mth;fspd; Mjpf;fk; Vw;gl;ljpd; tpisthfNt ,j;jyk; mopTw;wJ vdyhk;. jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; gw;wp Nghh;j;Jf;Nfah; tpupthf Fwpg;gplhj NghJk; kiwKfkhf Fwpg;Gfs; cs;sd.

FNtNw]; Rthkpfs; jkJ E}ypy; kd;dhh; gFjpapy; xspj;J itf;fg;gl;bUe;j nghpJk; rpwpJkhd ,UgJ irt tpf;fpufq;fis gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;14. ,it cUf;fg;gl;L fpwp];jt Njthya kzpnahd;W nra;ag; gad;gLj;jg;gl;ld.,it jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;ij Nrh;e;jdthfyhk;. $j;Njh vDk; Nghh;j;Jf;Nfa Mrphpah; ,g;gFjpapy; kpfg; nghpa cUf;Fr; rq;fpypnahd;W fpilj;jikg; gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;15.

Cu;fhtw;WiwapYs;s `nkd;`Py; Nfhl;ilapYs;s rhrdk; nghwpf;fg;gl;l J}z;16 lr;Rf;fhuhpdhy; khNjhl;lj;jpypUe;J nfhz;Ltug;gl;ljid Nehf;Fk; NghJ rpy gFjpfshtJ lr;Rf;fhuh; fhyj;jpy; vQ;rpapUe;jikapid Cfpf;fyhk;.

1872,Ny ehtyu; ngUkhd; jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpd; kfpikapid aho;g;ghzj;J irt kf;fSf;F epidT+l;bdhh;.,ij njhlh;e;J jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; gw;wp <oj;J irtg;ngUkf;fSk; NtW rpyUk; Nkw;nfhz;l Kaw;rpapd; tpisthf 1903,y; Gjpa Nfhtpy; cUthfpj; njhlh;e;J tsh;e;J tUfpd;wJ.

Fwpg;Gfs; 01. JRAS, CB,Vol.X,No.35,p.114(1887)

02. (m) j\zifyhr k`hj;kpak; %yk;;: tpj;Jthd; rp. ehfypq;f gps;is gjpg;G fyp.5030> tpgt rpj;jpiu khjk;: mj;jpahak; 2.

(M) =kj; j\zifyh] k`hj;kpa];jpj = NfjP];tu N\j;jpu itgtk; %yk;. F.]. itj;jpaehjrptk; vOjpa jkpOiuAld;. Fk;gNfhzk;> 1915: 3 mj;jpahaq;fs;.

03. Nkw;gb gf;.7.

04. Nkw;gb gf;. 12-13 05. Nkw;gb> mj;jpahak; 2.

06. Nkw;gb> mj;jpahak; 3.

07. Dathawamsa, V.V.I

08. Mwhk; jpUKiw> jpUtPopkpoiyj; jpUj;jhz;lfk;.

Epigraphia Zeylonica, Vol.III.p.132 – 133.

Epigraphia Zeylonica. Vol.III.p. 222-225 H.Ellawala: Social History of Early Ceylon,1969,p.118. nghpa Guhzk;> jpUQhdrk;ge;jh; Guhzk;> 890 C.S.Navaratnam, A short History of Hinduism in Ceylon, 1964,p. 41 – 42 14. Queyroz, Fr.Fernao de. The Temporal and the Spiritual Conquest of the Island of Ceylon, Book IV Colombo, 1930.p.665 15. JRAS,CB. Vol.20,No.60,p.83 16. K.Indrapala,(ED)Epigraphia Tamilica. Vol.I, Part I .

1971,pp.10-13 (ed;wp: jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; jpUf;Flj; jpUkQ;rd kyh; - es Mz;L Mdp cf - 04-07-1976> jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jpUg;gzpr; rig ntspaPL) 09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

irtj;jpd; njhd;ik : rpe;J ntspapy; rptnewp my;yJ irt rkak; vd;gij epidf;Fk;NghJ rptnewpf;Nf cupa ypq;f topghL epidtpw;F tUfpd;wJ. ,e;jpahtpYk; vfpg;jpYk; khy;l;lh Kjypa jPTfspYk; rpwpadTk; ngupadTkhd rptypq;fq;fs; gy Gij nghUs; Muha;r;rpapy; fpilj;Js;sd. ,e;jpahtpy; kpfg;gioa ehfupf efuq;fs; vd;W Muha;r;rpahsu;fshy; $wg;gLk; nkhn`Q;nrhjNuh> `ug;gh Kjypa ,lq;fspy; gy ypq;fq;fs; fpilj;Js;sd. `ug;ghtpy; kl;Lk; 600-f;F Nkw;gl;l rpW ypq;fq;fs; fpilj;Js;sd. gz;il kf;fs; ,r;rpwpa ypq;fq;fisj; jhapj;Jfs; Nghyf; fOj;jpNyh ifapNyh fl;bAUe;jpUf;fyhk;.

khu;\y;>" ,t;TUtk; rptidf; Fwpg;gJ" vd;W $wpAs;shu;.

Nahfpia mLj;J tpyq;Ffs; ,Uj;jy;> rptd;-gRgjp vd;gijf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ. %d;W jiyfs; Kd;G njuptjhy; gpd;gwk; ,uz;L jiyfs; ,Uj;jy; $Lk; vd;W mwpQu; $Wfpd;wdu;. rpe;J ntspapy; tpyq;F tzf;fKk; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ee;jp tzf;fk; rpwg;gplk; ngw;wnjd;W $wyhk;. xU Nfhtpy; Kd; ee;jp epw;gJ xU Kj;jpiuapy; Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rpe;Jntsp kf;fs; rpwe;j tzpfu;fs;. mtu;fSf;F vUJ kpfTk; gad;gl;lJ. mjdhy; vUJ tzf;fj;jpw;Fupa nghUshf khwpapUf;fyhk;. gpd;du; ehsiltpy; vUJ tzf;fk; ypq;f tzf;fj;NjhL ,ize;jpUf;fyhk; vd;W Muha;r;rpahsu; fUJfpd;wdu;. ,it midj;ijAk; xd;WgLj;jpg; ghu;j;j ru; [hd; khu;\y; vd;w mwpQu; "rpe;J ntspapw; fpilj;j GJikfSs; Kjyplk; ngwj;jf;fJ irtj;jpd; goikNaahFk;. mJ khf;fy; fhyk; my;yJ mjdpDk; Kw;gl;l fhyj;jpw;F ek;ik mioj;Jr; nry;fpwJ; ,d;wsTk; tof;fpy; cs;s kpfg;gioa rkakhf tpsq;FfpwJ" vd;W tpag;Gk; kfpo;Tk; nghq;ff; $wpAs;shu;*.

rpe;J ntspapy; fpilj;j xU Kj;jpiuapy;> %d;W Kfq;fisf;nfhz;l kdpj cUtk; xd;W Nahfj;jpy; mku;e;jpUg;gJ Nghd;W fhzg; gLfpd;wJ. mjd; khu;gpy; Kf;Nfhz tbtj;jpy; mike;j gjf;fq;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. mt;TUtj;jpd; tyg;Gwk; ahidAk; GypAk;> ,lg;Gwk; vUJk; fhz;lh kpUfKk; epw;fpd;wd. Nahfpapd; gPlj;jpw;F mbapy; ,uz;L khd;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. rptgpuhd; ahidj; Njhiyg; Nghu;j;jtu;> Gypj;Njhiy miuapy; fl;batu;> vUjpid Cu;jpahff; nfhz;ltu;> khid Ve;jpatu; vd;w E}w;fUj;Jf;fis Nehf;f> Nahfpapd; cUtk; rptidf; Fwpg;gjhfyhk; vd;W $Wjy; nghUj;jkhFk;. me;j Nahfpapd; jiykPJ tise;j vUikf; nfhk;Gfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,e;jpa murhq;fg; GijnghUs; Muha;r;rpj; jiytuhd ru; [hd;

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----* Among the many revelations that Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa have had in store for us, none perhaps is more remarkable than this discovery that Saivisam has a history going back to the chalcolithic age or perhaps even further still, and it thus takes its place as the most ancient living faith in the World" -Sir John Marshall in his preface to "Mohenjo -Daro and the Indus Civilization". vol.I. p. vii.

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Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

<oj;jpy; rpttopghl;bd; njhd;ik Gyth;kzp V.nghpajk;gpg;gps;is ,aw; i fmoFfdpe; j ekJjhafkhfpa ,yq; ifed; d hLvd; W Nkrptkakhfjpfo; e ; J tpsq; F k; rpwg;GilaJ. ,uhtzd; fhyj;jpNytprhypj;Jf;fple;j ,yq;ifapd; ngUepyg;gug;gpd; ngUk; gFjpiaf; fly; tpOq; f ptplrpd; d Q; r pW ,yq; i fNa ,d; W kf; f spd; guk;giur; nrhj;jhf ,Ue;JtUfpwJ. rptgf;jdhfpa ,uhtzd; jhgpj;j MW Nfhbrpthyaq; f isAk; > tpgP l zd; jhgpj; j %d; W Nfhbrpthyaq;f isAk; fly; tpOq;f ptpl;l NghjpYk; ,yq; i fapd; irtxspiatpOq; F k; ty; y ik mjw;F ,ayhJNghapw;W.Guhzfhyk; Nghf> rhpj; j pufhyj; j py; te; j Nghh; j ; J f; N fah; KjypNahUk; rlg; n ghUs; f ismopj; n jhopg; g jd; %yk; irtj; i j ,e;ehl;bypUe;J mopj;njhopj;J tplyhnkd Nkw;nfhz;l Kaw;rpfSk; mth;fspd; Ke;jpatpNtfj;jpd; gpujpgypgg; ha; Njhy;tpNafz;ld. murpaYf;Fk; thzpfj;Jf;Fk; tFg;Gthjj;jpw;Fk; Kjyplk; nfhLj;Jrkaj;jpw;F ,lz;lhkplk; nfhLf; F k; ve; j Kaw; r pAk; njhlf; f k; xd; W k; KbT Ntnwhd; W kha; Ngha; f ; f opAnkd; W ,d; W cyfk; fhz; f pd; w cz; i kahFk; . ,yq; i f ,dpf; fly; NfhSf;F ,yf;fhfkhl;lhJvd;Dk; ek;gpf;ifekf;F ,Ue; j hYk; > jP h ; f ; f Kbahjgpur; r pidfshfpants; s j ; j pypUe; J ek; e hl; i lf; fhg; g hw; W tJekJ ,d; i wa jiyahaflikahFk;. irtnewpxd;wpd; %ykhfNt ,e;jf; flikiar; rhjpf;f KbAk;. irtk; nrk;ik newp Mjp fhyk;>Njrk;> ,dk;> nkhop vd;Dk; ghF ghl;Lzh;r;rpf;F

ïªJ xË

mg; g hw; g l; l J.” Mhpad; fz; l ha; : jkpod; fz; l ha; ” vd ekJ nrk; n ghUshfpa rptj; i j Fwpg; g pLfpd; w J Njthuj; jpUKiw. Nkd;ik nfhs; irtePjp tpsq;Ff cyfnky;yhk;.”vd Koq;Ffpdw ; J irt Guhzk;.irtk; cyf nghJ epjp. nghpaGuhzk; xd;NwNghJk; ,jw;Fr;; rhd;W. tp[aFkhuDk; > Njhou; f Sk; Njhzpapy; te; J ,wq; F tjw; F neLq; f hyj; J f; F Kd; N g <oehl; b w; irtk; k dpjFyj; i jr; rpwg; g pj; J tpsq; f papUe; j J. jkpo; midj; J yfpDk; nry; y f; Foe; i j: irtKk; midj;Jyfpd; nry;tf; Foe;ijNa <oehl;bd; irtj; jpUg;gzpfis tuyhw;Wr; nra;jpfSld; xg;gitj;J eLepd;W Nehf;fp ,jid czh;jy; $Lk;. tp[a rfhg;jk; cjakhtjw;F Ke;jpNa ,yq;ifapNy rpwg;Gw;W tpsq;fpa Ie;J <];tuq;fisg; gw;wp tuyhW $Wfpd;wJ. <oj;jpd; tlf;F thrypNy jpUf;NfhNz];tuKk; Nkw;F thrypNy KdP];tuKk; mUnshsp tphpj;J mofhf ,yf;fpar; nra;jpfis ehk; mwpfpd;Nwhk;. ,tw;Ws;Ns njhz;B];tuk; vJntd;gJ njhpatpy;iy. ,itad;wpj; njw;FthrypYk; rpthyak; mike; J s; s ijAk; ehk; mwpfpd; N whk; . ,yq; i f KOtjpYNk ,dk; > nkhop> gpuNjrk; ,tw; i wf; fle; J rpthyaq; f s; mike; j pUe; j tuyhw; i wAk; ehk; kwg;gjw;fpy;iy. ,tw;wpd; Nkyhfr; rpq;fs>jkpo; kd; d h; f spd; rkhjhd tho; T f; F k; ,r; r pthyaq; f s; epiyf;fsdhf ,Ue;jikAk; ek;khy; epidT $h;tjw;F chpajhFk;.

41

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

vy; y htw; w pDk; Nkyhfek; K s; s j; i jf; fth; e ; J epw;fpd;w ,t;thyaq;fspd; gz;ila mikg;G Kiw> ekJ rpw;gk;>Xtpak; Kjypa moFf; fiyfisAk; irt rkafyhrhug; gz;GfisAk; glk; gpbj;Jf; fhl;LtJNghy; jpfo;fpd;wJ. mtw;wpd; G+uzj;Jtj;ij ehk; Kw;w Kbaf; fhzhj epiyapy; tho;e;JNghdhYk;>ekJ gpw;re;jjp mtw;wpd; G+uzj;Jtj;ij mDgtpf;Fnkd ehk; jplkhf ek;gyhk;.jpUtUl; Fwpg;Gmt;tsTty;yiktha;e;jJ. jpUf;NfjPrr; uk; Kjypa ekJ Gdpjj; jyq;fs; rlrj;jpfF ; mg;ghw;gl;lnja;tfP rf;jpahy; ,aq;Ftjhy; mit rhRtjk; ngw;wit.ve;ehSk; fUjepdw ; Ch; khNjhl;lk;. ve;ehSk; fUj epd;wJ NfjPr;ruk; ,it mUs;thf;F. ekJrpthyaq; f Sf; F f; fhty; nja; t q; f Sk; mike;jpUg;gjhy; mtw;iwmirf;fKbahJ. jpUf;NfjPrr; uj;Jf;F mz;ikapNyNa ,yq;ifapd; fhty; nja;tk; epw;fpd;wJ: ,g;ngz; nja;tj;jpd; jpUg;ghh;it ,yq;if KOtjpYk; tpOfpdw ; J.mwpahikia Kd;dplL ; ahh; tzq;fpdhYk;>ve;epiyapy; tzq;fpdhYk; mJ ,yq;iff;FghJfhg;Ngnadczh;f. jpUf; N fjP r ; r uk; KjypajpUg; g jpfs; %h; j ; j pjyk; jPh;j;jk; vd;Dk; %d;Wmk;rq;fshy; epiwT

ngw; w pUe; j hYk; > vk; n gUkhdpd; mUl; n ry; t j; j hy; nghypTngw;wpUe;jhYk;:mj;jyq;fs; JiwKfq;fshYk; Ngh; ngw; W g; n ghUl; n ry; t k; kype; j pUf; F k; njhlh; G k; ek;khy; Nehf;fj;jf;fJ. jpUf;NfjPr;ruk;>mjd; gf;fj;NjkhNjhl;lj; JiwKfk;>eFNy];tuk;>mjd; gf;fj;Nj fhq;Nfrd; Jiwj; JiwKfk;> jpUf;NfhNz];tuk;>gf;fj;Nj jpUNfhzkiy ,aw; i fj; JiwKfk; . KdP ] ; t uk; : gf; f j; N jrpyhgj; JiwKfk; ,it ,UikAk; jUfpd;wmikjpapidf; fl;Lfpd;wd. irtk; cynfyhk; nrd;Wtpsq;Fjw;F ,j;JiwKfthapYk; rpwe;jnewpfshFk;. ehtyh; ngUkhd; jpUf;Fwpg;ghw; fhl;baNjd;nghe;jpid ntspf;fhl;Lk; jpUg;gzpahdJ godpag;gnrl;bahh;> gRgjpr;nrl;bahh; Mfpa ,UngUk; ts;sy;fs; thapyhfKd;nfhz;L vOe;J gbg;gbahf tsh;e;J tUfpd;wJ. ,d;Ws;s jpUg;gzpr;rigapdh; nfshpak;ikahh; rNkjjpUf;NfjPr;ruehjhpd; G+uzmUSf; F g; ghj; j puuhfp kfhFk; g hgpN\aKk; > kz;lyhgpN\fKk; epfo;jJ ; fpdw ; kq;fs itgtj;ij ehk; Kff; fz;zhYk; mff; fz;zhYk; jhprpjJ ; vy;yheyKk; ngw;Wtho;Nthkhf.

irtj;jpd; njhd;ik : njhif E}y;fspy; vl;Lj; njhif E}y;fs; vdg;gLk; ew;wpiz> FWe;njhif> Iq;FWE}W> gjpw;Wg; gj;J> gupghly;> mfehD}W> GwehD} W> fypj;njhif vd;gw;wpYk;> jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil Kjypa gj;Jg; ghly;fspYk; rptidg;gw;wpa Fwpg;Gfs; kpfg;gythff; fhz;fpd;wd. MapDk;> mtw;Ws; 'rptd;' vd;Dk; ngau; fhzg;gltpy;iy. mf;flTs; - 'jho;ril nghype;j mUe;jtj;Njhd;>' 'Kf;fl; nry;td;'> 'fiwkplw;W mz;zy;>' 'ePykzp kplw;W mz;zy;'> 'KJ Kjy;td;>' 'ePyNkdp thypio ghfj;J xUtd;>' 'kio jiy itj;jtd;>' 'Gq;fk; Cu;gtd;>' 'Kf;fzhd;.' 'Myku; nry;td;>' Kjypa gy ngau;fshy; Fwpf;fg;gLfpwhd;. mtd; rilapYk; khu;gpYk; nfhd;iwkhiy mzpe;jtd;; KbNky; gpiwr; re;jpuidr; R+batd;; KbkPJ Nkfj;ijAk; fq;ifiaAk; jhq;fpatd;; Ntjj;ij thapy; cilatd;; mjid me;jzu;f;Fr; nrhd;dtd;; vl;Lf; iffis cilatd;; Gypj;Njhy; Milad;; ckhNjtpiag; ghjpahff; nfhz;ltd;; mupa jtk; nra;gtd;; capu;fl;Fg; ghJfhtyd;; Kg;Guq;fis vupj;jtd;; vupj;j mr;rhk;giyg; G+rpf;nfhz;ltd;; mtd; gy tbtq;fisf; fhl;bAk; xUf;fpAk; vy;yhtw;iwAk; mopj;J epd;W MLgtd;. Cop ,Wjpapy; mtd; MLk; $j;J 'nfhLnfhl;b' vdg;gLk;. mtd; Kg;Guq;fis mopj;J MLk; $j;Jg; 'ghz;luq;fk;' vdg;gLk;. mtd; Gypiaf; nfhd;W mjd; Njhiy cLj;Jf; nfhd;iw khiy Njhspy; mirag; gpukd; jiynahd;iw

ïªJ xË

Ve;jp MLk; $j;J 'fhghyk;' vdg;gLk;. mtd; cikak;ik Ald; ,kakiykPJs;shd;. ,itNghd;w Fwpg;Gf;fs; njhifE}y;fspw; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpYk; kzpNkfiyapYk; rpyg;gjpfhuk; kzpNkfiy Mfpa ,uz;L fhtpaq;fspYk; gj;Jg;ghl;Ls; xd;whd kJiuf; fhQ;rpapYk; nja;tq;fs; tupirapy; rptgpuhd; Kjyplk; ngw;Ws;shd;.

"Ejy;tpop ehl;lj;J ,iwNahd; Kjyhg; gjptho; rJf;fg; G+jkP whf" vd;gJ kzpNkfiy. "gpwth ahf;ifg; ngupNahd; NfhtpYk; mWKfr; nrt;Nts; mzpjpfo; NfhtpYk;..." vd;gJ rpyg;gjpfhuk;.

Nrud; nrq;Fl;Ltd; rptdUshy; gpwe;jtd;> rptG+ir nra;jtd; vd;W rpyg;gjpfhuk; nrg;GfpwJ. mtdJ mitapy; Nruehl;Lr; rhf;ifahd; xUtd; rptgpuhd; Mba nfhLnfhl;bf; $j;ij Mbf;fhl;bdhd;. ,e;j E}y;fspYk; 'rptk;' vd;Dk; nrhy; ,y;iy. Mapd;> irtk; vd;Dk; nrhy; kzpNkfiyapy; fhzg;gLfpwJ.

42

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

jpUke;jpuk; jpUke;jpuk; irtj; jpUKiwfspy; fhyj;jhy; Kw;gl;lJ. ,jidr; nra;j jpU%yu; Nfjhuk;> Neghsk;> fhrp> tpe;jk;> ];uPiryk; ,tw;iwj; juprpj;Jf;nfhz;L njd;dhLte;jtu;> tlnkhop Mfkq;fspd; rj;Jg;nghUisj; jkpopy; ghlNtz;Lk; vd;w fUj;jpdhy; %thapuk; nra;Al;fisf; nfhz;l jpUke;jpuk; vd;Dk; E}iyr; nra;jdnud;W Nrf;fpohu; $Wfpd;whu;. jpUke;jpuk; xd;gJ gFjpfshf cs;sJ. xt;nthU gFjpAk; xU je;jpuk; vdg;gLk;. jpUke;jpuk; jpU%yu; fhyj;jpypUe;j irtrka epiyia czuj; JizGuptjhFk;.

(1) Kjy; je;jpuj;jpy; ahf;if epiyahik> nry;tk; epiyahik> ,sik epiyahik> nfhy;yhik> Gyhy; cz;zhik> fhk mlf;fk;> me;jzu; xOf;fk;> murd; flik> mwQ; nra;jypd; rpwg;G> md;ig tsu;j;jy;> gpwu;f;F cjtp nra;jy;> fw;wtuplkpUe;Jk; E}y;fspypUe;Jk; mwpit tsu;j;jy;> kdj;ij tpUg;G ntWg;Gf;fspw; nry;ytplhik Kjypa mwpTiufs; jug;gl;Ls;sd.

(2) ,uz;lhk; je;jpuj;jpy; mfj;jpau; njd;dhL Nghe;jJ> rptDila vl;L tPur; nray;fs;> ypq;fj;jpd; Njhw;wk;> jf;fdJ ahfk;> gpusak; gw;wpa Guhzf; fijfs; Kjypad Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. gilj;jhy;> fhj;jy;> mopj;jy;> kiwj;jy;> mUsy; vd;Dk; rptDila Ie;njhopy;fSk;> rptd; - rf;jp tpisahl;lhy; cz;lhd capu;fisg; gw;wpa tptuq;fSk; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. rpt epe;ij> mbahu; epe;ij $lhnjd;gJk;> Nfhtpy;fis mopg;gJ jPnjd;gJk;> nghiwAilik> ngupahiuj; Jizf;Nfhly; KjypadTk; Ngrg;gl;Ls;sd.

(3) %d;whk; je;jpuk; KOtJk; Nahfj;ijg; gw;wpaJ. ,akk;> epakk;> Mrdk;> gpuhzhahkk;> gpuj;jpah`huk;> jhuzk;> jpahdk;> rkhjp vd;Dk; vz;tif NahfKiwfSk; mtw;why; milAk; gad;fSk; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,tw;Wf;Fg;gpd; cliy nty;Yjy; Kjypa Nahfepiyr; nra;jpfs; $wg;gl;Ls;sd.

(4) ehd;fhk; je;jpuk; ke;jpu rhjdk; gw;wpaJ. ,g;gFjpapy; m[gh ke;jpuk;> igutp ke;jpuk; Kjypad $wg;gl;Ls;sd. jpUmk;gy rf;fuk;> jpupGu rf;fuk;> Vnuhspr; rf;fuk;> igutr; rf;fuk;> rhk;gtp kz;lyr; rf;fuk;> Gtdhjpgjp rf;fuk;> ethf;\up rf;fuk; vd;git gw;wpa tptuq;fs; jug;gl;Ls;sd.

(5) Ie;jhk; je;jpuj;jpy; Rj;j irtk;> mRj;j irtk;> khu;f;f irtk;> fLQ;Rj;j irtk; vd;git gw;wpa tptuq;fs; jug;gl;Ls;sd. gpd;G rupia> fpupia> Nahfk;> Qhdk; vd;gd Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd; gpd;du;r; rd;khu;f;fKk; mjd; gpupTfshd rfkhu;f;fk; (flTis ez;gdhff; fUjp elj;jy;)> rj;Gj;u khu;f;fk; (flTSf;F kfdhf elj;jy;)> jhrkhu;f;fk; (flTis Mz;lhdhff; fUjp elj;jy;) vd;gdTk; tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mLj;J> rhNyhfk; (,iw cyfpy; trpj;jy;)> rhkPg;ak; (flTSf;F mz;ikapy; trpj;jy;)> rh&g;ak; (,iwNahL rkepiy miljy;)> rhAr;ak; (,iwNahL fyj;jy;) vd;gd Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls. flTs; rf;jp-ke;jk;> ke;jjuk;> jPtpuk;> jPtpujuk; vd;Dk; ehd;F Kiwfspy; ,wq;Fjy; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ. irtj;jpw;Fg; Gwk;ghd rkaq;fs; fz;bf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. cl;rkaq;fs; Vw;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

(6) Mwhk; je;jpuj;jpy; capu; ehbahf cs;sit rptFU juprdk;> mtdJ jpUtbg;NgW> Qhdj;jpd; nghUs;> njupgtd;-njupag;gl;l nghUs;> JwT> jtk;> mUspsypUe;J Njhd;Wk; mwpT> gf;jpf;Fg; gf;FtKilatu; ,yf;fzk;> gf;Ftk; milahjhu; ,yf;fzk;>jpUePw;wpd; nghUs; vd;gitahFk;.

(7) Vohk; je;jpuj;jpy; MW Mjhuq;fs;> mz;lypq;fk;> gpz;lypq;fk;> rjhrpt ypq;fk;> Mj;kypq;fk;> Qhdypq;fk;> rptypq;fk; vd;Dk; MW ypq;fq;fs;> rkar; rpwg;Gg; Nghjid> Mj;khtpy; cs;s rptDf;Nfw;w topghL> FUthfpa rptDf;Nfw;w topghL> kNfRtu G+ir (mbahu;f;F cztspj;jy;)> mbahu; ngUik> czT tpLjp> gytif Kj;jpiufs;> gytif Nahfpfs; ,wg;Gf;Fg; gpd; milaj;jFk; cyfq;fs;> mtu;fs; jq;fs; clyq;fis tpLk; Kiw> ,lfiy-gpq;fiy

ïªJ xË

43

ehbfs;> gpuhzd;-GU\d;-mZ> rPtd;> gR> Nghjk; vd;Dk; MW> Ik;Gyd;fis mlf;Fk; Kiw> FUtpd; Nghjid> $lh xOf;fk; Kjypad; Ngrg;gl;Ls;sd.

(8) vl;lhk; je;jpuj;jpy; clypd; mikg;G> rptj;jpy; fyf;f clk;ig tpLk; Kiw> gjpndhU mtj;ijfs;> mwpTj; Njhw;wk;> rpj;jhe;jj;jpd; tpsf;fk;> gpw rkaq;fSk; mjw;Fk; cs;s njhlu;G> gjp-gR-ghr tpsf;fk;> gpukDk; khYk; fhzhj rptd; vd;gjw;Fupa jj;Jt tpsf;fk;> fhkk;ntFsp-kaf;fk; vd;Dk; %d;W Fw;wq;fs;> jj;-j;tk;-mrp vd;Dk; %d;W gjq;fs;> %d;W Jupaq;fs;> %d;W Kf;jpfs;> %d;W nrh&gq;fs;> %d;W fuzq;fs;> %d;W R+d;aq;fs;> fhupa-fhuz cghjpfs;> cgrhe;jk;> Gwq;$whik> rptepe;ij xopg;G> mfj;jhkiu gw;wpa tUzid> 'jj;Jtkrp> mfk; gpuk;khrp' vd;git gw;wpa Muha;r;rp> cz;ik Ngry;> Miria xopj;jy;> gf;jp tsu;j;jy;> J}a;ik miltjpYk;> tpLjiy ngWtjpYk; ehl;lk; nfhs;Sjy; Kjypad $wg;gl;Ls;sd.

(9) xd;gjhk; je;jpuj;jpy; FU> FUklk;> FU juprdk; KjypadNgrg;gl;Ls;sd; rpthde;j eldk;> Re;ju eldk;> nghd;dk;gy eldk;> nghd;jpy;iy eldk;> Mr;rupa eldk; vd;gd tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sd; mwpT kyu;jy;> cz;ik mwptpd; ,d;gk;> jd; cUf;fhl;rp> Co;> rptidf; fz;L mtdJ cz;ik cUit czu;jy;. rkhjp epiy miljy; Kjypad Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,iwtidg; gw;wpa topghl;Lg; ghly;fSld; ,e;E} y; KbTngWfpd;wJ. jpU%yu; epahak;> itNr\pfk;> rhq;fpak;> Nahfk;> kPkhk;ir> Ntjhe;jk; vd Ntjq;fspypUe;J fpisj;j MW cl;gpupTfisf; $Wfpd;whu;.

ed;wp: 'jpUke;jpuj;jpd; rhuk;' Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

kdpjNd mopj;JtUk; kdpjdpd; fw;gftpUl;rk; - III

“,Yg;ig” KUifah gpuztd; kuq;fs; epoiy kl;Lk; jUtjpy;iy. kdpjd; cl;gl midj;J [PtuhrpfSk; Rthrpf;f gpuhz thAit cw;gj;jp nra;fpd;wd. ,Jkl;Lkh> Gtp ntg;gj;ijf; Fiwj;J kioiaj; jUtpf;fpd;wd. ,aw;ifapd; gilg;gpy; ,j;jifa mw;Gjq;fisf; nfhz;l kuq;fs; kdpjDf;F kUe;jhfTk; gad;gLfpd;wd. fha;e;j kuk; tpwfhfTk;> ntl;ba kuk; tPl;L cgNahfg; nghUshfTk; gad;gLfpd;wd. ,g;gb kuq;fspd; gad;fisg; gw;wp nrhy;ypf; nfhz;Nl Nghfyhk;. me;j msTf;F kdpj tho;tpy; kuq;fs; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpf;fpd;wd. ,j;jifa rpwg;G tha;e;j kuq;fspy; ,Yg;ig kuKk; xd;W. fz;kha;> Vup> Fsk;> fiufspYk;> G+q;fh Nghd;w ,lq;fspYk; rhiy Xuq;fspYk; gue;J tpupe;J fhzg;gLk; kuk;jhd; ,Yg;ig. ,J ,e;jpah> ,yq;if> kpahd;ku; ehLfspy; mjpfk; tsu;fpwJ. ,jd; ,iy> G+> fha;> gok;> tpj;J> nea;> gpz;zhf;F> kug;gl;il> Ntu;g;gl;il vd midj;J ghfq;fSk; kUj;Jtg; gad; nfhz;lJ. %ypifapd; ngau; – ,Yg;ig NtW ngau;fs; – ,Ug;ig>Fypfk;> kJ}fk;> ntz;iz kuk;> xik jhtug;ngau; – BASSIA LONGIFOLIA jhtuf;FLk;gk; – SAPOTACEAE gad;jUk; ghfq;fs; – ,iy> G+> fha;> gok;> tpij> nea;> gpz;zhf;F> kug;gl;il Kjypad. tsupay;G – ,Yg;ig kutifiar; Nru;e;jkuk;. ,J tz;ly; kz;> kzw; ghq;fhd ,lq;fspy; ed;F tsUk;. ,jd; jhafk; ,e;jpah. [hu;fz;l;> cj;jpug;gpuNjrk;> gPfhu;> kj;jpag;gpNjrk;> Nfush> F[uhj;> xuprh kw;Wk; jkpo; ehl;by; mjpfkhff; fhzg;gLk;. jQ;ir> Nryk;> tlMw;fhL> kw;Wk; njd;dhw;fhL khtl;lq;fspy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,J Rkhu; 60 mb cauk; tiu $l tsUk;. ,jd; ,iyfs; fUk;gr;ir epwj;jpy; gogog;ghf ,Uf;Fk;. ePsk; 13 – 20 nr.kP. ,Uf;Fk;> mfyk; 2.5 – 3.5 nr.kP. ,Uf;Fk;. ,iyEdpapy; nfhj;jhd ePz;l ,iyfisAk;> nfhj;Jf; nfhj;jhd ntz;zpw kyu;fisAk;> Kl;il tbt rijf; fdpiaAk; nehWq;ff; $ba ciwapdhy; %lg;ngw;w tpijapidAk; cila ghy; Nghd;w rhWs;s kuk;. nja;t tpUl;rkhf rptd;> tp\;Z Nfhapy; fspy; tsu;f;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. ,jd; G+f;fs; 2.5 – 5 nr.kP. ePsKilaJ. G+f;fs; ,dpf;Fk;. ,jd; tpijfs; 2.5 – 5 nr.kP. ePskpUf;Fk;. ,e;j kuj;ij Mq;fpyj;jpy; HONEY TREE & BUTTER TREE vd;W nrhy;thu;fs;. brk;gu; [dtup khjj;jpy; ,iyfs; cjpu;e;J tpLk;. ,Yg;ig [dtup>gpg;utup> khu;r;R khj j;jpy; Jspu; tpl Muk;gpf;Fk;. gpg;utup Kjy; Vg;uy; khjk; tiu G+f;fs; G+f;Fk;.

Vg;uy; Nk [_dpy; goq;fs; tpLk;. xU kuj;jpypUe;J xU tUlj;jpy; 20 – 200 fpNyh tpij fpilf;Fk;. xU fpNyh tpijia nrf;fpy; Nghl;L Ml;bdhy; 300 kpy;yp vz;nza;

ïªJ xË

fpilf;Fk;. Njq;fha;vz;nzf;Fk;> nea;Af;F gjpyhf me;jf; fhyj;jpy; ,jd; vz;iziag; gad; gLj;jpdhu;fs;. ,jd; vz;nza; kQ;rs; epwj;jpy; mlu;j;jpahf ,Uf;Fk;. ,ij ehw;W Kiwapy; jahu; nra;a cukpl;L ghj;jpfs; mikj;J Kw;wpa tpijfis 1.5 – 2.5 nr.kP. Moj;jpy; eLthu;fs;> <uk; njhlu;e;J ,Ue;J nfhz;L ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. gpd; 15 ehl;fspy; Kisf;Fk;. gpd; igfspy; Nghl;L epoypy; xU tUlk; tsu;f;f Ntz;Lk;. mjd; gpd; Ntz;ba ,lq;fspy; elyhk;. kUj;Jtg; gad;fs; G+ ,Yg;igg; G+ ehb eiliaAk; cly; ntg;gj;ijAk; mjpfupf;Fk; grpAz;lhf;Fk; rij euk;Gfisr; RUq;fr; nra;Ak; fhkk; ngUf;Fk; Jk;kYz;lhf;Fk;. tpij Neha; ePf;fp cly; Njw;Wk; ehb eiliaAk; cly; ntg;gj;ijAk; kpFf;Fk;. ,jd; gl;il fhak;> Njhy; Nehiaf; Fzkhf;Fk;> gpz;zhf;F the;jpAz;lhf;Fk;. ,J jiytypiag; Nghf;Fk;. ePupopitf; Fzkhf;Fk;.

‘G+tpdhy; gpj;jRuk;> jhf Nuhfk; ePq;Fk;> gpj;jKk;> gpuikAk; cz;lhFk;.

‘Fd;wh tpSg;igapd; G+ $u;kJuk; thridahQ; jpd;whu; gapj;jpaKQ; NrUq;fhd; – kd;wSUe; jhu;FoNy ! gpj;jRuk; jhf;f;e; jzpe;JtpLk; thu; jaf;f nka;Jk; tOj;J ‘ – mfj;jpau; Fzthflk; G+itf; frhak; nra;J nfhLf;f Njf ,isg;G ePq;Fk; fha;e;j G+it tjf;fp tpiu tPf;fq;fSf;F xw;wplkpl mt;tplj;jpy; Ntu;it Njhd;wp tPf;fk; Fiwe;J nfhz;Nl tUk;.

NkYk; ,g; G+tpypUe;J ru;f;fiu vLf;fyhk; ,ijr; ru;f;fiuf;Fg; gjpyhf cgNahfpf;fyhk;. ,ijr; Rj;jg; gLj;jp fy;f;fz;Lf;Fr; rkkhf nra;J kUe;Jfspy; cgNahfpf;fyhk;. ,f; fhuzk; nfhz;Nl “Miy ,y;yh CUf;F ,Yg;ig G+r; ru;f;fiu “ vd;w gonkhopAk; toq;FfpwJ. me;j mstpw;F Rit nfhz;lJ ,Yg;igg;G+. ey;y Rit nfhz;l ,g;G+tpdhy; ghk;G fbj;j tp\k;> thjNeha; FzkilAk;. ,Yg;igg;G+it ghypy; Nghl;L fha;r;rp jpdKk; gUfpdhy; jhJ tpUj;jp Vw;gLk;. jhfk; jzpAk;. ru;f;fiu my;yJ nty;yg;ghfpy; G+itr; Nru;j;J cUz;il nra;J Viofs; czthf cz;ghu;fs;. ,g; G+ tpd; rhw;wpy; ,Uk;G Rj;jpahFk;. xU jhyhl;Lg; ghl;L ‘gr;ir ,Yg;ig ntl;b gtsf;fhy; njhl;b fl;b gtsf;fhy; njhl;bapNy ghyfNd ePAwq;F…’

44

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

,J Nghy; nra;jhy; jhapf;F tw;whky; ghy; Ruf;Fk;. nry;tq;fs; midj;ijAk; ngw tpUk;GNthu; Ntg;ngz;nza;> ,Yg;ig vz;nza;> nea; %d;iwAk; fye;J jPgk; Vw;w Ntz;Lk;. ,J Fy nja;tj;jpw;F cfe;jJ. G+it miuj;J tPf;fq;fspd; kPJ gw;wpl tPf;fq;fs; FiwAk;. ,Yg;igg; G+ 50 fpuhk; miu ypl;lu; ePupypl;L 200 kpy;ypahff; fhr;rp tbfl;bf; fhiy kl;Lk; XupU khjq;fs; rhg;gpl;L tu kJNkfk;> ePupopT FzkhFk;.

10 fpuhk; G+it 200 kp.yp. ghypy; Nghl;Lf; fha;r;rp tbfl;bf; Fbj;J tu jhJ ngUFk; fhr;ry; jhfk; FiwAk;. tpj;J (tpij) Fzk; – ,Yg;ig tpij me;ju thAitAk;> tplj;ijAk; Nghf;Fk; “ ,Yg;ig tpijae;jpu tha; tpw;Fk; tplj;jpw;Fk; mYg;ig Ad;lhf;fpafw;Wk; “ – mfj;jpau; Fzthflk; kUj;Jt Fzk; – tpj;jpd; kPJs;s Xl;il ePf;fp> cl;gUg;ig eRf;fp tjf;fp xw;wplkpl Nkw;fz;lit tpyFk;. ,Yg;ig nea; – tpjpapd; Xl;ilg; Nghf;fp ,bj;Jg; gpl;lhtpayha; mtpj;J R+l;Lld; Miyapy;ypl;L Ml;b vLf;f E} w;Wf;F Kg;gJ gq;F nea; NjWk; ,jw;F ,Yg;ig nea; vd;Wk; jpg;gpf;F ,Yg;ig Gz;zhf;F vd;Wk; ngau;. ‘fug;ghdlUq; fb rpuq;F Gz;Zk; cug;gh kpLg;G typg;NahLq; – fug;ghd; ghF nkhop khNj ! gy Kz;lhe; Jw;gyk; Njf;F kpSg;igap nea;f;Nf’ – mfj;jpau; Fzthflk; ,jdhy; fug;ghd;> rpuq;F Gz; cz;lhFk; Mdhy; ,Lg;G thjk; Ju;gyk; ePq;Fk; nea;ia ntJg;gp ,Lg;G thjj;jpw;F Nja;j;Jtu mt;thjk; tpyFk; cly; gyf;Fk;. ,J ntF Jupjj;jpy; fhuNyLj;Jg; Nghtjhy; cg;Gf; fl;Lk; ijyq;fspy; Nru;g;gJ ,y;iy.

Viofs; ,jpy; rpw;Wz;b nra;J cz;ghu;fs;. Nrw;W Gz;zpw;F G+ryhk; tpsf;F vupf;fTk; gad;gLk;. ,jpy; ehfj;ij cUfpr; rha;f;fr; Rj;jpahFk; ,Yg;ig ,iyia khu;gfj;jpy; itj;Jf; fl;b tuj; jha;g; ghy; Rug;G kpFk;. ,Yg;ig Gz;zhf;F clYf;F Fspu;r;rp jUk; mug;G vz;nza; gpupj;njLf;fg;gl;l gpd;du; fpilf;Fk; ,Yg;ig gpz;zhf;F mug;G vdg;gLfpwJ. ,J clYf;F Fspu;r;rp jUk;. thuj;jpy; xU ehs; mug;G itj;J jiyapy; KOFk; kuG jkpou;fspilNa cz;L. ,jdhy; Fspu;r;rpAk;> mikjpAk; Vw;gl;L cly; MNuhf;fpak; ngWk;.

Mdhy; ,d;iwf;F kdpjdpd; <kf;fpupia nra;Ak;NghJ ,we;j clYf;F ePuhl;Ltjw;fhfNt mug;G gad;gLfpwJ. Rit – ifg;G> Jtu;g;G> tPupak; – ntg;gk;> gpupT – fhu;g;G nray; – njhw;Wg; GOtfw;wp – disinfectant

GOf; nfhy;yp – anthelmintic the;jpAz;lhf;fp – emetic ,Yg;ig gpz;zhf;F fLtd;>Gz;> fug;ghd;> gP[tPf;fk;> jpup Njh\k;> vz;nza;r; rpf;F Mfpatw;iwg; Nghf;Fk;.

ïªJ xË

‘Nghjpjpf; fLtndhL Gz;zhq; fug;ghDk; Nghk; tpj;ijg;G njhlkpit tpuhthk; – nkj;jdNt vz;nza;f; frpTfS NkF kpSg;ig tpijg; Gz;zhf;Ff; nfd;wwpag; NgR’ – mfj;jpau; Fzthflk; ,ijr; Rl;L Njq;fha; vz;izAld; fye;J G+rf; fLtd; Gz; fug;ghd; NghFk;. ,ijg; Giff;f tPl;by; cs;s GO G+r;rp vypfs; tPl;il tpl;LmfYk;. ,g; Gz;zhf;Fld; khl;Lf; Fsk;Gr; rPty;> Fjpiuf; Fsk;G rPty;> gd;wpg; Gil Nru;j;J Giff;f cz;lhFk; Gifia %yj;jpw;Ff; fhl;l %yNuhfk; Fzg;gLk;.

Gz;zhf;ifg; nghbj;J %f;fpypl ehrpapy; ePu; gha;e;J Jk;kSz;lhF jpup Njhl;lk; ePq;Fk;. (Jk;ky; Vw;gLk;. jiytyp FiwAk;.) ,g; nghbia tWj;J NghJkhd R+l;Lld; xw;wlkpl gP[ tPf;fk; FiwAk; kw;w thj tPf;fq;fSf;F ,t;thNw nra;ayhk;. jiyapy; vz;nza;r; rpif Nghf;f ,ij cgNahfpf;fyhk;. miuj;J jz;zPupy; fyf;fp Ckj;jq;fha; jpd;wtu;fSf;F nfhLj;J the;jp cz;lhf;fp tprj;ij Kwpf;fyhk;.

10 fpuhk; Gz;zhf;if ePu; tpl;liuj;J 50 kp.yp ePupy; fyf;Fj; jw;nfhiyf;fhf eQ;R cz;ltu;fSf;Ff; nfhLf;f the;jpahfp er;Rg; nghUs; ntspahFk;. gpz;zhf;if miuj;Jf; Fog;gp mdypy; itj;J fopahff; fpswp ,sQ;R+l;by; fl;b tu tpij tPf;fk; 4>5 jlitfspy; jPUk;. gl;il kug;gl;il 50 fpuhk; 1 ypl;lu; ePupypl;Lf; fhy; ypl;luhf;f; fha;r;rp fhiy khiy rhg;gpl;L tu kJ Nkfk; jPUk;. Nkf thAitf; fz;bf;Fk;> ePupopTk; FzkhFk;. gr;irg; gl;ilAld; rpwpJ frfrh Nru;j;J clk;gpy; jltp itj;jpUe;J Fopf;fr; nrhwp rpuq;Ffs; MWk;. vz;iz ,Yg;ig vz;nzia ntJntJg;ghfr; R+Lnra;J jltp nte;ePu; xj;jlk; nfhLf;f ,Lg;G typ> euk;Gj; jsu;r;rp Mfpait jPUk;. gpz;zhf;F> Ntg;gk;gl;il> G+turk; gl;il rkdsT fUf;fp me;j vilf;Ff; fhu;Nghf muprpAk; kQ;rSk; fye;J miuj;J Njq;fha; vz;nzapy; Fog;gpf; Foe;ijfSf;Ff; fhZk; kz;ilf; fug;ghd;> nrhwp> rpuq;F Mfpatw;wpf;Fj; jlt MWk;. fg;gy; fl;lTk;> ,uapy; jz;lths rpypg;gu; fl;il nra;aTk;> Nju; nra;aTk; kw;Wk; tpwfhTk; kuk; gad; gLfpwJ. kUj;Jtg;gad; nfhz;l ,Yg;ig ,iy> G+> fha;> gok;> tpij> nea;> Gz;zhf;F> kug;gl;il> Ntu;g;gl;il Mfpait kUj;Jtg; gaDilaitahf tpsq;FfpwJ. ,iy ghy; ngUf;Fk;> G+ ehb eiliaAk; cly; ntg;gj;ijAk; mjpfupf;Fk;; clYf;Fg; gyk; nfhLf;Fk; gl;il> tpij Mfpait cly;Njw;wp cukhf;Fk;; nea; Gz;zhw;Wk;.

Gz;zhf;F njhw;Wg;GO> Flw;GO Mfpatw;iwf; nfhy;Yk;> the;jp cz;lhf;Fk;.

45

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; Mdpj;jpq;fs; 23k; ehs; (23-June 2017)

‘,e;J xsp’ 21tJMz;Lg;G+u;j;jp kyu; Clfr; nra;jp kw;Wk; ,aw; i f mdu; ;jj;jpdfhy; 2018-19 k; Mz;L f;fhdjifalf; g; gQ; r hq; f ntspaP L k; . ghjpf;fg;gl;ltu;fspd;

eyDf;fhfg; gpuhu;j;jid!

nfhOk; G ,e; J tpj; j pah tpUj; j pr; rq; f j; j pd; mDruizAld; khkd; w Kk; , nfhOk; G kfsph; nts;Jselhj; k;> jpa nja; kz; Nghd; kd;wKk; ,ize; tj;rjuppT Ukfs; jq; fk;kwh ,aw;if mdu;j;jq;fspdhy; Vuhskhdk; mg;ghf;FnghJkf; l;bapd; feps;idT Tgk;ijap “,e;lJ 21 ghjpehs; f;fg;gepl;fbo;Ug; ;Lk;xsp”gyu; Mz;Lg;cap G+h;ujpo ;jpe;rpjwpUg;g;ggpjijap o; kw;lW;Lk; 2018-19k; Mz; L f; f hd k; mfpy ,yq;if ifalf;,e; fg; JgQ;rkhkd; hq;fq;wfk;spdkp; ntsp k; epfOk; Vtpds;wk;J. gp Fe;j aPLftiyailfp tUlk; ij s; 8k;jehs; Qhap ; jtu; f;fpfosp ik ,e;jjpqf; mdu; j;jpd(21-01-2018) ;NghJ cap upowe;W d; FLk;gkzp j;jpdKjy; Uf;F gk;gkhkd; jdJ fhiy 10.00 yg;gplb; wk;ru];t jp kz;lMo; gj;jepy;j; njupePtypjfz; ;Jf;ld; nfhs; tJld; khkd;wmDjhgq; j;jiyth;fjpisj; U.fe;ijah jiyikap y; mtu; eilngw; wJ.fsJ Mj;k rhe;jpf;fhfTk;> ,t; ,aw;if mdu; ;jq;ft sppy; dhy;mnkupf; ghjpf;fg;fgl;h l `htha; kf;fspd; ,ay; ,e; ejpfo; irtG tho; f ; i f $ba rP f ; f p u k; rP u ilaTk; fle;j Mjpdj;2k; ijr;jpfNrh; e;j hp\p njhz;Lehjd; Rthkpfspd; jp [_d; khjk; 2017> nts;spf;fpoik mUshrpAld; xsp Wk; ifalf;>fkf; g;gQ; Myaq;,e; fspJ y; tp Nrlkw;G+irfisAk; fs;rhq; rpwfg;k;G vd;gtw;top wpd;ghLfisAk; ntspaPLfSk; ngw; nra;,lk; J gpuhu; j;jwpfd. ;f xOq;Ffisr; eht e wJ; gkf; z p k d ; wrfy j ; jMyaq; p d ; e pfWisAk; Tdu; nra; Ak;yghb; ,e; fisAk; jpU.e.fUiz j d;fisAk; mtu; f s; f g; ,e;J rka Mde; epWtdq; mfpifalf; y ,yq;i f ,e; J khkd; w k; Nfl; L f; nfhz; l J. gQ;rhq;fj;jpid ntspapl;L Kjw;gpujpia ,e;jpa cau; ];jhdpfuhya Kjd;ikr; nrayhsu; =.vy;.uNk\;ghG mtu; f Sf; F k; rpwg; G g; gpujpfis Md; k P f r; R lu; up\p njhz; L ehjd; Rthkpfs; > fyhepjp MWjpUKUfd; > rptj;jpU rp. Rg;g pukzpak; nrl;b ahu; MfpNahUf; F k; toq;fp> ntspaPl;L ciuia Mw;wpdhu;. ,e;J xsp 21tJ Mz;Lg;G+u;j;jpr; rpwg;gpjopid ,e; j pa cau; ]; j hdpfuhya Kjd; i kr; nrayhsu; =.vy; . uNk\; g hG mtu; f s; ntspapl; L Kjw; g pujpia rptj; j pU rp. Rg; g pukzpak; nrl; b ahu; mtu; f Sf; F k; rpwg; G g; g pujpia up\p njhz; L ehjd; RthkpfSf; F K; toq;fp ntspaPl;LiuiaAk; epfo;j;jpdhu;. n j a;tj;jp Uk fs ; ep idTg; NgUiuia irtQhdghD nrQ;nrhw;nry;th; fyhepjp MW.jpUKUfd; mth;fs; “irtrkaj;jpd; tsu;r;rpapy; kq;ifaupd; gq;F” vd;w njhdpg;nghUspy; toq;fpdhh;. epjp ,uh[hq;f mikr;rpd; nrayhsu; jpUkjp rhe;jp ehTf;furd;> aho;g;ghzg; gyfiyf;fofj;jpd; ,e;J ehfuPfj;Jiwj; jiytu; jpU.kh. Ntjehjd;> fpof;Fg; gy;fiyf;fof ,e;j ehfuPfj;Jiwj; jiyu; jpUkjp rhe;jp Nfrtd;> fyhepjp fdfrghgjp ehNf];tud; MfpNahu; ,e;J xsp rpwg;gpjo; njhlu;ghd Ma;Tiufis Kd;itj;J ciuahw;wpdu;.

ïªJ xË

epfo; T fspd; epiwthf Ez; f iyf; f of nts;s epthuzg; guj Mrpupia jpUkjp y~;gkzpfspy; p =`ud; mtu; f spd; newpahs;ifap,e; y; nry; p fp\hdpwuh[; J tkhkd; k;Fkhu; kw;Wk; nry;td; rj;jpa%u; j ; j p jD\d; MfpNahupd; jPtpukhf <Lgl;LtUfpd;eld wJ. mspf;ifAk; ,lk;J ngw; wJ.khtl;lj;jpy; 949 FLk;gq;fSf;F fSj; iw khkd;ep wtnghJr; rayhsu; jpU.Nt.fe; j rhkp huz ncjtp mtu;fspd; ed;wpAiuAld; epfo;Tfs; epiwTngw;wd. ehl;by;> fle;j 2017 Nk khjk; Vw;gl;l ghupa nts; s mdu;Njrge; j;jk; fhuzkhf kf;ff s;is mkuu; J nj. njd; <];tkhfhz ud; mtu; kpfTk; ghjpf;fg;gl;L jkJ ,ay;G tho;f;ifia epidT$u; e;J mQ; Tj ,oe;J jtp j;Jf; nfhz; bUf; fpdr;wyp hu;fepfo; s;. me; tifapy; ,t; nts;s mdu;j;j epiyf;Fs;shd if gy ,e;J epW khkd; kf;fSf;Fmfpy cs;e,yq; hl;bd; tdq;wfk;Sk;Vida epWe tdq; Sld; ,ize; elhj;Jcjtp k;> khkd; ntsp hl;L fmuRfSk; $l jk;Jkhyhd fiswj;jpd; ey; fpa e;j s;. ghsh; rigg; gpujpj; jiytuhfTk;> ek; gpfpU;i fg;hu;fnghWg; mfpy gy,yq; Jtdq; khkd;fwsp Kk; fle;Gjf;fis NkYk; r%fifrka ,e; epW y; nghWg; fhyq; ghyNt ,k; KtuhfTk; iwAk; >cldbahf Vw;Wfisg;NmUk; gzpahw; wpa nkhhP\pa]; jkJ ep t huz nraw; g hLfis KLf; f p t p l ; l du;. ehl;Lf;fhd ,yq;ifapd; nfsut J}JtuhfTk; > mjd;gadhf nghUl;fshfTk; epjpahfTk; gy ey; Myaq; f sp d ; mwq; f htyuhfTk; tp s q; f pa mkuu; cs;sq;fsplkpUe;J cjtpfs; fpilf;fg;ngw;wd.

Njrge; J nj. fis idT$u; e;JymQ; mtw; iwr; rupa<]; hd t jpud; l;lkpmth; lYld; jpwep dhd Kiwap ; ryp o;TF > ep Ok; Vtps k;gkhkd; p tUlk; kf;epffSf; f; fcjTtjw; fhf wk;ijj; gad;jgpq Lj;;fjs;pa15k; J. ehs; (28.01.2018) poik nghjp fhiyahdJ 10.00mup kzpKjy; mjdbg; gilapyQhap ; xUw;W epf;tfhuzg; rp khkd; wj; rPdjiyikaf gpuhh;(01 j;jid kz;Glgj;jpy; (05 fpNyh)> p (01 fpNyh)> Nrhah fpNyh)> gUg; (01eilngw; fpNyh)> wnfsgp J. fliy (01 fpNyh)> ghy;kh igf;fw; 01> Njapimfp y> yrtu;,yq; f;fhuk; gp] Mfpawtw; w if02> ,e; J;fl; khkd; j; ijiyth; cs; s lf; f p a p U e; j J. jpU. fe;ijah ePyfz;ld; mtu;fspd; jiyikapy; ,e; wept huzg; gzprfyp spd lk; 08- FLk;g eilngw; ,e; epidtQ; epf; Kjw; o;tpy;>fl;mkuupd; 06-2017 md;W fSj;Jiw khtl;lj;jpd; n`hwz mQ;grl;ypbA> ld; Muk; gpumq; tpwf;Fj;l;jgtu; l;lfspjpd f;N; kyu; `d>-jPgKfg; Nghy; gpeg;jkhdJ. d> gp u k; k r; r hhp jh; \ d; irjd; a h (tjp t gpuk;kr;rhhp Bfy> fy;fLt> fPfy> fpisl;> Nlhrl;> vd;rp;lhty> - ,yq;li rpd ;kah d;)> gp> uG n`hwz> kfhfh;j;j jh]; Nyhkz; > f fy; nfl; ba> kp\yhNfh]; (jiyth; - ISKCON - ,yq; f)> lrpq;tfj;isr; jpU Rg; gpukzpak; ty; tpl;l> Nghk; Gy Mfp a 14 i Njhl; Nru; e;j nrl;bahh; mwq; Gjpa fjpNnghjp urd;fNfhapy; )> 534; FLk;(gpguq;jk fSf; fhdfhtyh; ept> huzg; s; toq; gl;lRe; d.juypq;fk; (mwq;fhtyh; rigj;jiyth;> jpU.fg;ng. ,uz; hk;ufhsp fl;l mk; ept Jiw kA+ugjp =lgj; khuzkhf d; Nfhapy;)fSj; > jpU. rpt. jk;G khtl; l n`hwz gp u p t p w ; F l; g l; l mug; g yhfe; > fk;)> (mwq;fhtyh;;> gphpj;jhdpa irt Kd;Ndw;wr; jrq; Gl;jpLUghTy> ehu; j ; j ghz Mfp a ,lq; f sp y ; rhu . m. ckhkNf];tud; (gzpg;ghsu; - ,e;J fyhr; ghjpf;fg;gl;l 301 FLk;gq;fspw;Fk;> Gyj;rpq;fs zf;ffsk; mUs; gpumYty; ptpw;Fl;fgl;s;ljpiFlhq; > )>$y; fh nkhop Njhl;murp lq;ftpj; spyJ ; thd; jpU jh itj; G ghjp f;fkjp g;gl;tre; l 114 FLk;jgpa q;ehjd; fspw;Fk;(cgjiytp epthuzq;-fnfhOk; s; tp N tfhde; j rig)> itj; j p a fyhep j p rptg; g pufhrk; toq;fp itf;fg;gl;ld. mD\; ae;jd; fpi(Jizj; G jkpo;r; ,Jtiu lf;fg;ngw;jwiyth; 1.6 kpy-;ynfhOk; pad; &gh ngWkjp > fdlhGtu;(cgjiyth; j;jfg; rq;fk;a )>hd czTg; itj;jpanghUl; fyhepjfpSk; ,uhkRg; - ,yq;if ,e;jpa rKjha Nguit)>gf;fk;fyhepjp ghu;f;f jpU. =gpurhe;jd; (mfpy ,yq;iff; fk;gd; fofk;> rpNu\;l tphpTiuahsh; - Nguhjid gy;fiyf;fofk;)>

46

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

tpilf;nfhbr;nry;th; jpU. rp. jdghyh (mwq;fhtyh; - nfhOk;G irtKd;Ndw;wr; rq;fk;) MfpNahUk;> mj;jpahtrpa czT nghUl;fs; ,wf;Fkjp kw;Wk; tu;j;jf rq;fk; (Essential Food Commodity Imports & Trade Association)> nfhOk;G tu;j;jfu;fs; rq;fk; (Colombo Traders Association) Mfpa epWtdq;fspd; gpujpepjpfSk; mQ;rypAiuapid epfo;j;jpdhu;fs;. mkuupd; Gjy;td; jpU.<];tud; fNz\; mtu;fspd; Vw;GiuAld; epfo;T epiwTngw;wJ.

ïªj¢ RlÇš...

1

ñ

Md;kPfr;Rlhpd; mUs;kly;

ñ

Satguru Bodhinatha Veylan swami 4

ñ

fw;NfhapNy mZr;rf;jpapd; gpwg;gplk;

3

7

jpUf;NfjPr;ruj;jpy; kfhrptuhj;jpupia Kd;dpl;L kjthr;rp – jiykd;dhupilNaahd Gifapuj Nrit njhlUk;

ñ

átD¡nfh® ïuh¤âÇ átuh¤âÇ

ñ

jpUf;NfjPr;rug;ngUkhd; jpUtb jPz;lg;ngw;Nwhh; 13

ñ

jpUf;NfjP];tuk;

15

ñ

$LNthk; ehkpd;Nw jpUf;NfjPr;rug; gjpapdpNy;

16

kjthr;rp Kjy; jiykd;du; tiuahd Gifapjg;ghijapy; jpUj;jNtiyfs; fhuzkhf gpg;utup 01 Mk; jpfjpapypUe;J uapy; Nrit jw;fhypfkhf ,ilepWj;jg;gLtjhf ,Ue;jJ. ,jid Ml;Nrgpj;J jpUf;NfjPr;ru kfhrptuhj;jpupia xl;b topghLfSf;fhfr; nry;Yk; rptdbahu;fspd; ed;ikfUjp> ngg;utup 15e; jpfjptiu jiykd;dhu; tiuahd GifapujNritfis njhlUkhW mfpy ,yq;if ,e;J khkd;wj; jiytUk; jpUf;NfjPr;ru Myaj; jpUg;gzpr;rigj; jiyUkhfpa jpU. fe;ijah ePyfz;ld; mtu;fs; muRf;F Ntz;LNfhs; tpLj;jpUe;jhu;. ,jidj; njhlu;e;J kjthr;rp – jiykd;dhu; ,ilNaahd GifapujNritapid ngg;utup 15tiu njhlUkhW> Nghf;Ftuj;J tpkhdNritfs; mikr;ru; nfsut epkhy;rpwpghy b rpy;th mtu;fs; Gifapujj; jpizf;fsj;jpw;F cj;juT gpwg;gpj;Js;shu;.

ñ

jpUf;NfjPr;ruj; jpUg;gzpAk; Nrh;.fe;ijah

11

itj;jpaehjDk; 17 ñ

jpt;aN~j;jpuk;

18

ñ

jpUf;NfjPr;ru epidTfs;

19

ñ

nfshpNa fhl;rpaUs;tha;

20

ñ

âU¡nfÔ¢ru MyaK« khªij¤ JiwKfK«

21

ñ

irtg;nghpahh; R.rptghjRe;juk; gps;is

25

ñ

nfÔ¢ru« bjhH it¤j br«kš 27

rpj.K.gRgjpr; nrl;bahh;

ehS« ï‹g« bgU»ÉL«!

gŠr òuhz§fŸ

ñ

ehŸ v‹ brŒí« nfhŸ v‹ brŒí« ehoa Éidjh‹ v‹ brŒí« - bfhL§ T‰WtD« jh‹ v‹ brŒth‹ ehS« e‹ik brŒí« nfhS« e‹ik brŒí« ehoa ÉidfS« XoLnk - bfhL§ T‰WtD« mŠá XoLth‹ ehj‹ ehk« ciu¡ifÆny - fÆiy ehj‹ e«KŸns tá¡ifÆny

ñ

rptkzp Nrh;.fe;ijah itj;jpaehjd;;

30

ñ

jpUf;NfjPr;ruKk; ehtyh; mth;fSk;

32

ñ

âU¡nfÔ¢ru« tuyhW

34

ñ

jpUf;NfjPr;ruk; - kuGfSk; IjPfq;fSk;

38

ñ

<oj;jpy; rpttopghl;bd; njhd;ik

ñ

jpUke;jpuk;

ñ

kdpjNd mopj;JtUk; kdpjdpd; fw;gftpUl;rk; - III

ñ

41 43

“,Yg;ig”

44

khkd;w nra;jpkly;

46

Mya¤âš bjŒt¤ âUnkÅfŸ bgU«ghY« fšÈš mik¡f¥gL»‹wd. ïj‰fhd fhuz« cŸsJ. cy»š ïiwtÅ‹ gil¥ãš Kj‹ KjÈš c©lhdJ fšjh‹. fš njh‹¿a ã‹d® k© njh‹¿aJ. kiy fšyhš MdJ. cy»š caukhdJ« kiynaahF«. kiHia¡ bfhL¥gJ« kiyjh‹. kiyÆš áWgFâna fšyhF«.

ïªJ xË

47

Vtpsk;gp tUlk; ij - khrp 2018

28-01-2018 md;W eilngw;w> khkd;w ek;gpf;ifg;nghWg;ghsu; rigg; gpujpj;jiytu; Njrge;J nj. <];tud;mtu;fis epidT$u;e;J mQ;ryp epfo;tpd; gjpTfs; rpy

mkuu; Njrge;J nj. <];tud; mtu;fSf;F mitNahu; mQ;ryp nrYj;jpaNtisapy;

mkuUf;F mQ;ryp nrYj;Jk; khkd;w gpujpj; jiytu; kh.jtNahfuh[h> jpU.nj.tPughF MfpNahu;.

mkuUf;F jPgNkw;wp mQ;ryp nrYj;Jk; jpU.<];tud; fNz\;> jpU. nj. tPughF> jpU.<];tud; Rg;gpukzpak; kw;Wk; jpUkjp rptfzehjd; gpupah MfpNahu;

khkd;wj; jiytupd; mQ;ryp gpuk;kr;rhhp jh;\d; irjd;ah (nfhOk;G tjptpl gpuk;kr;rhhp - ,yq;if rpd;kah kp\d;)> gpuG kfhfh;j;j jh]; (jiyth; ciu - ISKCON -,yq;if)> rptj;jpU Rg;gpukzpak; nrl;bahh; (gpujk mwq;fhtyh;> Gjpa fjpNurd; Nfhapy;)> jpU. m. ckhkNf];tud; (gzpg;ghsu; - ,e;J fyhr;rhu mYty;fs; jpizf;fsk;) MfpNahupd; mQ;ryp ciufs;

mQ;ryp ciufs; ‘tpilf;nfhbr;nry;th;’ jpU. rp. jdghyh (mwq;fhtyh; - nfhOk;G irtKd;Ndw;wr; rq;fk;) itj;jpafyhepjp rptg;gpufhrk; mD\;ae;jd; (Jizj;jiyth; - nfhOk;G jkpo;r; rq;fk;)> jpU. rpt. jk;G (mwq;fhtyh;> gphpj;jhdpa irtKd;Ndw;wr; rq;fk;)> mUs;nkhop murp tpj;Jthd; jpUkjp tre;jh itj;jpaehjd; (cgjiytp - nfhOk;G tpNtfhde;j rig)> itj;jpafyhepjp ,uhkRg;G (cgjiyth; - ,yq;if ,e;jpa rKjha Nguit)

jpU. gp.Rg;gpukzpak; (mj;jpahtrpa czT nghUl;fs; ,wf;Fkjp kw;Wk; tu;j;jf rq;fk;)> jpU. <.Kj;Jf;fpU\;zd; (nghUshsu; - nfhOk;G tu;j;jfu;fs; rq;fk;) kw;Wk; fyhepjp =gpurhe;jd; (mfpy ,yq;iff; fk;gd; fofk;) MfpNahupd; mQ;ryp ciufs;

mkuupd; Gjy;tu; jpU.<.fNz\; mtu;fspd; Vw;Giu