FoD:R
FOUNDATIONS OF DESIGN: REPRESENTATION ARCH10001, SEM 02 - 2018 SURVIVAL GUIDE
M2 FLATNESS vs PROJECTION
FLATNESS vs PROJECTION
STUDENT WORK 2018 - JAQLIN LYON
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M2 - CONTENTS
3
WEEKLY TASKS
04
M2 RUBRIC
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APPENDIX
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WEEK 3 TUESDAY
LECTURE 3: Flatness
Tutorial content: Pin-up of Module 1 [1.5h] Discuss Module 2 task. [0.5h]. Tutor will distribute Mario World Templates (2 per student) via email and show students where to access the How-To Guide on the LMS.
Introduction: In this module students will begin to determine differences between ‘subjective’ and ‘objective’ points of view, the thought that begins to define 2d and 3d spatial constructions, and their impact on perception.
STUDIO 1
WEEKLY TASKS
CHECKLIST
1. Download the Module 2 Journal Template. This can be found in the Module 2 section of the LMS. The template uses century Gothic font. If you do not have this font installed on your computer you can also find it for download in ther Module 2 folder. What is the Module Journal? From this module onwards you will be required to maintain a digital journal using InDesign for each module. These journals expand on the readings and class exercises and communicate to us your understanding of the subject content. These journals are submitted digitally to Turn It In at the end of each module. 2. Complete reading for Week 4, Studio 1 (Krauss, Rosalind, 1972.: Leger, Le Corbusier, and Purism) and answer the questions in your Module journal. [2h] 3. Your tutor will email you two elevations for you to print out on A4 paper in colour (do not scale these images, keep them at 100%) and bring them to class. It should be 200mm x 200mm [0.5] 4. Before the next class, analyse your elevations and identify 6 key objects in the across both scenes. (Pipes, Mountains, Trees etc). This excludes any characters! Make a list of your objects and bring to Week 4 Studio 1. These will be your building blocks. 5. Bring the following equipment to Studio 1 Week 4: • T-Square • Set-square (with 45 degree angle or adjustable angle) • Pencil, 4H, 2H HB & 2B • Fineliner pen, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 • Eraser and sharpener • A3 Tracing paper • Masking tape
ELEVATION EXAMPLES
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WEEK 3 FRIDAY
Workshop Session 1: This workshop session will introduce you to vector and image based graphics. Prior to this session, you will need to watch the online tutorials, Vector vs Pixel based Graphics on the LMS. During the session we will go through basic Photoshop as well as the illustrator tools that you will need to complete Module 2. We will also look at InDesign for your module journal and how to print using the MSD Plotters.
WORKSHOP
Each workshop is accompanied with workshop note (see M2 appendix). It contains useful information on the software and lists the commands you will learn in the Workshop session. You will also find a folder on LMS called Workshops & Software which contains tutorials that must be completed before workshops and project sample files for use in the workshops.
CHECKLIST
WEEKLY TASKS 1. Using the your knowledge from M1. Set-up up an axonometric workspace on your desk and draw your 6 objects that you have identified in the scene. 2. Using the How-To Guide (Module 2 Folder on the LMS), project the first Elevation forward at 45 degrees using A3 tracing paper. Use 2H pencil and a set square to project lines forward from the template. [4h] 3. Layout your second Elevation parallel (at a diagonal) to the first 2d elevation at 200mm apart. Project it backward so it touches or interacts with your first projected world. Your elevations should not be separate. Think about how you can blend them together. [4h] 4. Using an additional layer of trace paper retrace the 2H pencil lines with 0.1 or 0.05 fineliner. Outline sections cut edge with a 0.4 fineliner. [1h] 5. Bring hard copy of your drawing to Week 4, Studio 1
ELEVATION EXAMPLES
5
ďƒź
WEEK 4 TUESDAY
Tutorial content: Discuss seminar reading [0.5h] Tutor to review student axonometric drawings [1.5h]. While tutor is reviewing drawings, students can use this opportunity to discuss and review their work with their peers. Discuss how to add complexity, detail and refinement to the scene. [0.5h].
STUDIO 1
WEEKLY TASKS
CHECKLIST
1. Complete Axonometric drawing based on your tutor’s feedback. There are to be NO characters or objects that embody a form of life. There is also to be NO objects/elements to be included that do not already exist in the scene. The focus is on the generation of form and space. You will use the 6 identified elements to do this. Techniques can involve abstraction and repetition. 2. Once drawings are completed scan them. Use Illustrator to trace the drawings; including your building blocks. All lines to be 0.25pt. Print drawings on A3 sheets; center your image to an A3 page. Use what you have learned in workshop 01 to complete this step.[2h] 3. Bring hard copy of your drawings to Week 5 Studio 1 class for review with your tutor. 4. Complete reading for Week 5, Studio 1 (Stan Allen, 2000.: Axonometric projection: new geometries and old origins, in: Practice, Architecture, Technique and Representation.) and answer the questions in your Module journal. [1.5h]
HAND DRAWN LINEWORK - STUDENT WORK BYJUDY HUANG & JAQLIN LYON
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ďƒź
WEEK 4 FRIDAY
Workshop Session 2: This Workshop session will introduce you to a 3D modelling software called Rhino 3D which we will use in M3. This is a standard software used in a number of industries from engineering to architecture. Prior to the class, you will need to complete the online tutorials on Introduction to Rhino Interface (see the LMS). Note: Please download and install the software prior to the class, refer to LMS for instruction. There will be no assistance in class for software installation.
WORKSHOP
BUILDING BLOCKS LINEWORK - ILLUSTRATOR
BUILDING BLOCKS COLOURED - ILLUSTRATOR
COLOUR PALETTE
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WEEK 5 TUESDAY
LECTURE 4: Projection The lecture on projection provides an explanation and critical analysis of projection as a method of both representation and narrative. It covers the various methods of constructing projected space as well as their cultural and historical foundations.
Tutorial content: Discuss seminar reading [0.5h]. Tutor to review student axonometric drawings + instruction for this week’s task and module submission [1.5h].
STUDIO 1
WEEKLY TASKS
CHECKLIST
1. Complete drawings based on your tutor feedback. Continue to work up the drawing in illustrator. [2h] 2. Use your original elevations as base colour palettes to fill in your drawings. Add in lighting and shadow. Consider how colour is used to de-mark the edge and changes the perception of the plane, refer to lectures for inspiration. [4h] 3. Compose the drawings on the given A1 crop InDesign template - download this from LMS. [1.5h] 4. Print your drawing on A1 plotter using 160gsm paper, matt only. Crop your drawing and bring it to Week 6 class for pin-up. Refer to LMS for printing in MSD, use Plotter 3. Do not fold your drawing. [1.25h] 5. Upload your final image and 3 images showing your process to your online portfolio. Write a 150 word reflection and include this in your online portfolio. Upload your Journal and A1 PDF to turnitin. [1.25hr] M2 Submission Checklist • Axonometric drawing composed on A1 Template, printed and trimmed. • Journal submitted to turnitin prior to Studio 1 Week 6. • A1 PDF Submitted to turnitin prior to Studio 1 Week 6. • Minimum 3 Images and 150 word reflection composed on Online Portfolio
Guide for M2 pin-up: For your two minutes presentation, present the following: 1. How does the use of colour change the perception of your drawings? 2. How did you decide how the two projections met / interacted with each other - what was the outcome……? 3. What can you say about the revealing of the ‘hidden space’ that is opened up to view? 8
WEEK 5 FRIDAY
NO CLASS
LINEWORK SCANNED AND TRACED IN ILLUSTRATOR BY JUDY HUANG
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MODULE 02
AXO COLOURED IN ILLUSTRATOR STUDENT EXAMPLE BY JUDY HUANG
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M2 RUBRIC WHAT IS A COMPLETE SUBMISSION FOR M2? A complete submission for Module 02 consists of: - 1 x A1 Cropped Print of Axonometric Presented In Studio 1 Week 6. - 4 Images (Final Axonometric + 3 x Process Images) and 150 Word Module Reflection Uploaded to Portfolio Website. - 1 x A1 Axonometric Upload to Turn It In. - 1 x Journal PDF Uploaded to Turn It In.
Hand drawing skill
Digital drawings and presentation
Journal & Online Portfolio
40%
40%
20%
H1
As H, plus creative use of drawing techniques to develop further intricacy and refinement. Highly considered exploration and creative approach to communicating the new world in axonometric.
As H, plus Drawings show animated detail and developed 3 dimensionality with precise line work. Presentation skill is professional. Excellent verbal presentation.
As H, plus journal is visually well composed. Images are composed and presented clearly on website with annotation. Reflection shows higher thinking of the Module concepts. Website is exceptionally well composed and curated.
H
As P, plus executed with consistent care and precision at a high level. Drawings follow convention and begin to exemplify detail that adds depth and gestural content.
As P, plus completed set of digital drawings demonstrate consistent convention, inc. line weights and colour palette. Presentation layout is clear and visually ordered. Good verbal presentation.
As P, plus an articulated response to readings. Graphic layout of journal is clean and pages well composed. Online reflection is in depth and critical. Website is composed neatly and personalised.
P
Students demonstrate an understanding of axonometric drawing techniques. There may be inconsistencies and a lack of detailed exploration but drawings are legible.
Student has translated hand-drawings into illustrator but fails to execute with care. Presentation is legible, but limited care and precision with layout and general visual communication. Weak verbal presentation.
Student compile the journal as per given template to a satisfactory level. Student has uploaded images to the website as instructed. Reflection covers basic themes of the Module. Work is uploaded to turn it in.
N
Student has not utilised axonometric drawing techniques to project of their Mario templates. A wholly unresolved or incorrect drawing. There is little understanding of correct drawing convention.
Digital drawings are not completed or poorly executed which demonstrates a lack of understanding of the workshop content. Visual and verbal presentation is not coherent. No verbal presentation.
Student fail to complete journal or journal has missing pages. Student fails to upload required content to website and upload work to Turn It In.
Proportion of Total Mark: 20%
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M2 APPENDIX
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PHOTOSHOP WORKSHOP 01
ADOBE PHOTOSHOP CC Adobe Photoshop is the predominant pixel based image editing software in the industry. The software is used by artists, designers, photographers and more. Below are some useful tips for the software. RGB vs CMYK Image → Mode · RGB is mainly used for digital media such as projections, web and computer monitors. · CMYK is used for print media and refers to the four inks used in typical printers: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Key (Black). PPI Pixels Per Inch defines the resolution of an image. A higher PPI indicates an image with high resolution which in turn leads to a larger file size. For web based images 72 PPI is sufficient and for printed media images should be between 150 - 300 PPI. THE BASIC CONTROLS · Zoom - Ctrl and either + or · Pan - Hold down Space and left click and drag · Undo - Ctrl Z · Step Backwards an Action - Ctrl Alt Z · Step Forwards an Action - Ctrl Shift Z · Copy - Ctrl C · Paste - Ctrl V LAYER WINDOW The layer window (default bottom right) controls the order of layering. From here you can create new layers, change the visibility of layers and the transparency. In all Adobe software layers stack from bottom to top. The layer on top will be visible above the layer below. ADJUSTMENT LAYERS When making adjustments to an image it is good practice to do these via adjustment layers. Adjustment layers effect everything that sits below it in the layers tab. By using layers you are still retaining the original images properties. This also allows for more flexibility in being able to turn on and off the adjustment layers. For example to adjust: · Levels - Layer → New Adjustment Layer → Levels · Colour Balance - Layer → New Adjustment Layer → Colour Balance TRANSFORM To transform (Rotate, Scale or Distort) the image use Ctrl T or Edit → Transform ALTERNATIVE COMMANDS To access alternative versions of commands click and hold on the icon. SAVING Always save often. To save go to File → Save As. FILE TYPES · .psd - Photoshops default file type, saves all information associated with the file. · .jpeg - Jpeg is a compressed format suitable for web and digital content. · .tiff - Tiff files are large and uncompressed suitable for print publication. · .png - Png files retain image transparency and are useful for web based content.
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ILLUSTRATOR WORKSHOP 01
ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR CC Adobe Illustrator is a common vector based image editing software used in many design industries. Illustrator is suitable for designing logos, diagrams, maps, posters and adjusting linework from CAD software. PIXELS vs VECTORS · Pixels - Software such as photoshop are predominantly pixel based programs. These are highly reliant on document resolution (PPI). If you zoom into a pixel based artwork you will see the individual pixels. Pixel based artwork is difficult to scale upwards and will loose quality when doing so. · Vectors - Illustrator on the other hand is a vector based editing software. Vectors are mathematical equations that produce the artwork. For example a line in illustrator is stored as 2 points, and the program knows to always connect those two points with a line. This allows for the artwork to be scaled infinitely without loosing quality as the program will just redraw the line between those two points. THE BASIC CONTROLS Refer to previous page (Photoshop). LAYER WINDOW Layers are important to break your work-flow into separate groupings. The layer window controls the order of layering. From here you can create new layers, change the visibility and lock layers. In all Adobe software layers stack from bottom to top. The layer on top will be visible above the layer below. When sharing files between designers layers can be a useful tool in helping others to understand your design. It is good practice to use a simple and consistent naming convention for your layers. CREATING CONTENT The below tools can be found on the left hand side of the workspace. If you don’t know what an icon does, hover your mouse over the icon to get a description. · Pen Tool - Use the pen tool to draw vector lines and create geometry. To create close shapes click on the starting point. · Basic Geometry - Illustrator has a basic collection of simple geometries that you can use such as rectangles and circles. STROKES Change the line thickness by using the Strokes panel. You can also change the curve into an arrow or a dashed line. COLOURING With an object selected use the coloured squares (default top left and/or bottom left) to adjust the colours of that object. There is a separate colour for Strokes and Infill. Other useful colouring tools are: · Eyedropper - For matching colours to another object or an image · Gradient - For creating gradients between two or more defined colours. CLIPPING MASKS You can use one object to mask another object. To do this, make sure the object to be clipped is in the background, select the two objects. Then go to Object → Clipping Mask → Make. To remove the mask go to Object → Clipping Mask → Release. SAVING Always save often. To save go to File → Save As. FILE TYPES See previous page (Photoshop). In addition, Illustrator can save: · .dwg a common CAD format. · .pdf is another common filetype for saving illustrator work as it retains vector properties.
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INDESIGN WORKSHOP 01
ADOBE INDESIGN CC Adobe InDesign is the industry standard layout and documentation creation software. InDesign is used for the final composition of posters, journals, books, presentations and other multi-page designed documents. THE BASIC CONTROLS · Zoom - Ctrl and either + or · Pan - Hold down Space and left click and drag · Undo - Ctrl Z · Copy - Ctrl C · Paste - Ctrl V LINKS One of the main concepts to be understood when using InDesign is the linking of files. File linking means that any image inserted into the document does not reside within the document itself but is referenced to the original location of the file. The primary reason for this is to keep file size to a minimum. If you were working on a 100+ page visual book, your InDesign file could be many Gigabytes in size without linking. It is very important to understand that if you transfer your InDesign file to another computer it will break all the links to the files on the previous computer. To avoid this we use the Package command which collates all the files into a single folder. That folder can then be transferred to the new device or location. To package your file go to: File → Package. INSERTING IMAGES To insert an image into your document go to File → Place SCALING IMAGES Images in InDesign reside within a frame. To scale the frame (Crop) simply drag the blue box when the image is selected. The scale the frame and the image hold Crtl while scaling the box. To retain ratio hold Shift as well whilst scaling. RULERS & GUIDES · Turn Off & On Rulers - Ctrl R · Create Guides - Click on one of the rulers and drag onto your page. TEXT BOXES Use T to create a new text box. (You must have nothing selected to do this). SAVING Always save often. To save go to File → Save As. EXPORTING To Export as a .pdf file go to File → Export...
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RHINO 6
WORKSHOP 02
RHINO 6 Rhino 6 is an industry standard software used in various design disciplines. Rhino is capable of dealing with complex 2D and 3D geometry with high precision. There are typically two types of modelling; NURBS and MESH modelling. Rhino deals with both however its primary use is in NURBS modelling which can be likened to Vector artwork in that the geometry is stored as mathematics data, points, lines and planes. Nurbs stands for: Non-Uniform Rational Basis Spline LIST OF USEFUL COMMANDS Commands in Rhino are typed. It is best that nothing is selected in the workspace when typing commands. Commands do not have spaces and are very intuitive, so if you cant remember a command just try typing what you are trying to do and there’s a good chance it will work. For example the command to draw a line is line. 2D GEOMETRIES · Point - Draws single or multiple point objects · Line - Draws a single line segment · Curve - Draws a curve from control point locations (Will approximate a curve using points) · Polyline - Draws a multi-line segment. No curves · Offset - Offsets a second curve from a curve, distance can be specified · PointsOn - Makes the control points of an object visible for manipulation. · Circle · Rectangle MANIPULATING OBJECTS · Move - Moves an object by specifying a point to move from and a point to move to. · Rotate - Rotates an object by specifying a centre of rotation and an angle. · Copy - Copies an object by specifying a point to copy from and a point to copy to. · Array - Copies an object by a defined amount in defined directions. · Scale - Scales an object uniformly in all axis. · Scale 2D - Scales an object in 2 Axis perpendicular to the view port. · Scale 1D - Scales an object along a single axis · Mirror - Creates a copy of an object flipped across a defined mirror line. · Set Point - Move a point to a location specified by X,Y,Z coordinates. EDITING OBJECTS · Split - Splits an object using intersecting geometries. · Trim - Removes a portion of an object based on intersecting geometries. · Join - Joins to objects together into a single objects. · Explode - Separates objects into their constituent parts. · Extend - Extends a curve to meet a secondary curve. · Group - Collects objects together into one selectable group. NOTE: Does not create a single object. · Fillet - Add an arc between two curves. · Chamfer - Creates a straight line between two input curves. · Tween Curves - Create curves between two input curves
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