Types of water
Table of contents Water underground Groundwater Surface water Deep-sea water Deep ocean water
Water underground Water underground - groundwater, lying at greater depths than the subsoil water. Are not subject to the direct influence of the weather, are filtered and therefore suitable to be used for food purposes. These waters are not subject to temperature changes during the day, they are characterized by thermal equilibrium. Their temperature varies depending on the seasons. There are less than clear and permanently sustained aeration zone.
Groundwater Groundwater is the water located beneath the earth's surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations. A unit of rock or an unconsolidated deposit is called an aquifer when it can yield a usable quantity of water. The depth at which soil pore spaces or fractures and voids in rock become completely saturated with water is called the wate table. Groundwater is recharged from, and eventually flows to, the surface naturally; natural discharge often occurs at springs and seeps, and can form oases or wetlands. Groundwater is also often withdrawn for agricultural, municipal, and industrial use by constructing and operating extraction wells. The study of the distribution and movement of groundwater is hydrogeology, also called groundwater hydrology.
Surface water Surface water is water on the surface of the planet such as in a stream, river, lake, wetland, or ocean. It can be contrasted with groundwater and atmospheric water.
Surface water Non-saline surface water is replenished by precipitation and by recruitment from ground-water. It is lost through evaporation,seepage into the ground where it becomes ground-water, used by plants for transpiration, extracted by mankind for agriculture, living, industry etc. or discharged to the sea where it becomes saline.
Deep-sea water Deep-sea water is groundwater that occur deep below the surface of the earth, isolated from her completely. They are not renewable. As a rule, have a high mineralization and therefore are not suitable for consumption. They are often saline.
Deep ocean water Deep ocean water makes up about 90% of the volume of the oceans. Deep ocean water has a very low temperature, typically from 0 째C (32 째F) to 3 째C (37 째F), and a salinity of about 3.5%.
Deep ocean water When deep ocean water is brought to the surface, it can be used for a variety of things. Its most useful property is its temperature. At the surface of the Earth, most water and air is well above 3 째C. The difference in temperature is indicative of a difference in energy. Where there is an energy gradient, skillful application of science and engineering can harness that energy for productive use by humans. Assuming the source of deep ocean water is environmentally friendly and replenished by natural mechanisms, it forms a more innovative basis for cleaner energy than current fossil-fuel-derived energy.
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