MAR 2021 | Milling and Grain magazine

March 2021

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In this issue:

WORLD FLOUR DAY 2021 • Look who’s been inducted into the Milling Hall of Fame!

IN A

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IN G R AI N

SO E M B ER F N ABI M

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ST

TRU

S T E D M I LLI N G M A G A

ZI N

• Grain cooling: Costeffective conservation of crops by cooling

O

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#1 M

YM

WA S VOTED

• The impact of dietary sodium diformate on health and performance of layers

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Milling and Grain . Volume 132 . Issue 03 . March 2021

• Folic acid - Mass Medication or Mass Nutrition

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Volume 132 Issue 03

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VOLUME 132 ISSUE 03

March 2021

Perendale Publishers Ltd 7 St George’s Terrace St James’ Square, Cheltenham, Glos, GL50 3PT, United Kingdom Tel: +44 1242 267700 Publisher Roger Gilbert rogerg@perendale.co.uk International Marketing Team Darren Parris darrenp@perendale.co.uk Fred Norwood Tel: +1 405 834 2043 fredn@perendale.com Asia Marketing Team Dante Feng Tel: +886 227930286 dantef@perendale.com Latin America Marketing Team Iván Marquetti Tel: +54 2352 427376 ivanm@perendale.com Pablo Porcel pablop@perendale.com Oceania Marketing Team Jasmine Parker jasminep@perendale.com Nigeria Marketing Team Nathan Nwosu Tel: +234 8132 478092 nathann@perendale.com Egyptian Marketing Team Mohamed Baromh Tel: +20 100 358 3839 mohamedb@perendale.com Turkey, Eurasia and Middle East Marketing Team Mehmet Ugur Gürkaynak Tel: +90 537 3646457 mehmetg@perendale.com Managing Editor Vaughn Entwistle vaughne@perendale.co.uk Editorial Manager Peter Parker peterp@perendale.co.uk Sub-editor Andrew Wilkinson andreww@perendale.co.uk International Editors Dr Roberto Luis Bernardi robertob@perendale.com Professor Wenbin Wu wenbinw@perendale.com Mehmet Ugur Gürkaynak mehmetg@perendale.com Design Manager James Taylor jamest@perendale.co.uk Circulation & Events Tuti Tan tutit@perendale.co.uk Development Manager Antoine Tanguy antoinet@perendale.co.uk millingandgrain.com ISSN No: 2058-5101 ©Copyright 2019 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. More information can be found at www.perendale.com Perendale Publishers Ltd also publish ‘The International Milling Directory’ and ‘The Global Miller’ news service Grain & Feed Milling Technology magazine was rebranded to Milling and Grain in 2015

40 - New inductee into the The Milling Hall of Fame ISSUE HIGHLIGHTS NEWS FEATURES

44 World Flour Day 2021 48 Folic acid - Mass Medication or Mass Nutrition

56 Fortification: Is it not time to address problems before they happen?

FACES

PRODUCT FOCUS

8

CASE STUDY

10-29 58 Preventing birth defects through fortification, one grain at a time

60 Sodium diformate - The impact of dietary sodium diformate on health and performance of layers 66 Measuring maize and finish products with speed and precision

122 People news from the global milling industry

36 106

72 Opportunities with High Value Pulses Ingredients

STORAGE 88

78 Improved protection against endotoxins

82 Reduced protein diets helps shed light on necrotic enteritis disease

90

A one million tonne grain storage facility for Turkmenistan

Grain cooling: Cost-effective conservation of crops by cooling

86 Increasing demand for high quality seeds in Russia

EVENTS

110 Event listings, reviews and previews

TRAINING

30 Industry training news

COLUMNS

10 The Global Miller 24 Mildred Cookson 26 The Rex Wailes collection

8 GUEST EDITOR Roger Gilbert

COVER IMAGE: World Flour Day 2021 - see more on page 44

94 MARKETS John Buckley

120 INTERVIEW Ron and Mildred Cookson

What a month this is turning out to be.

Roger Gilbert

We are privileged to be the first to report that Bühler’s Martin Schlauri who, with a diploma in milling, and as the top student in his year at the Swiss School of Milling in 1978, has now become internationally recognised for his work with millers globally.

This is because 2021 will see Mr Schlauri inducted into the Milling Hall of Fame.

Martin has worked at Bühler since the mid-1970s and he is widely recognised for his global grain milling activities and for his commitment to the training of millers worldwide. Over the past 45 years has made a significant contribution to the milling industry and rightfully deserves his place in the Milling Hall of Fame. Many congratulations Martin!

This month is also about World Flour Day, which takes place on March 20 each year!

The question I ask is “What has your company or organisation done to celebrate this day?” Here at Milling and Grain we will announce the 2021 inductee into the Milling Hall of Fame on that day - so please look to our social media or to the pages within this issue - after March 20 - to learn who the industry is honouring this year for his/her contribution to our industry’s development in their lifetime.

We will be updating our online edition to disclose the recipient on that day, so please be sure to read us online again after March 20.

The other contribution we are making to the industry on World

Flour Day is the launch of our individual MAG apps. They will be available as separate apps based on the language you prefer and can be downloaded within the region you are in, giving you the opportunity to read our magazine - and other content - in the language of your choice.

As you know we publish in six languages!

Finally, we have invited John Buckley our regular contribution and editor of our Commodities Section to have his contributions translated into our five additional languages.

Our commitment

Miling and Grain is making a commitment on World Flour Day 2021 by supporting the global adoption of flour fortification. In this edition we have our MAG Correspondent James Cooper review the situation here in the UK, which has implications for the wider industry, on the value of folic acid inclusion in flour production.

Millers in the feed industry are already fortifying livestock and aqua rations with micro-additives to improve animal health, so it’s not unreasonable to believe that should governments decree the inclusion of this and any other additive, that millers have the advanced technology to deliver the products required. It’s a matter of saving lives – although this time it’s the lives of those in the very earliest stages of development.

Finally, we hear that there are forward plans for some in-person industry events for later this year and there is the prospect that many will become dual-events - offering both in-person and online access.

This is good news for these valuable meetings that attract international audiences to meet exhibitor and attendee expectations there will be more on this in upcoming editions!

In the meantime, there is certainly much good news and celebrating to do in March 2021.

WORLD FLOUR DAY 2021

ELEVATOR BUCKETS

A nod to the heroes in hats, delivering full pallets and stacks

A one million tonne grain storage facility for Turkmenistan

For 2021, World Flour Day will be celebrated on March 20, with this year’s motto “White Gold: A tribute to flour heroes all over the world”

Turkish company Çukurova Silo, a global silo manufacturer that exports to more than 70 countries, has recently signed a contract to provide a massive grain storage facility.

PAGE 44

PAGE 88

ANALYSERS

FOOD

STORAGE

FEED

PROCESS

SODIUM DIFORMATE

Measuring maize and finish products with speed and precision

The impact of dietary sodium diformate on health and performance of layers

Maize – or corn as it is known in North America – is the world’s most important cereal grain in terms of production quantities. It is processed into a wide range of valuable products, including premium-quality grits and flour.

Microbiological integrity of eggs is an important issue, while bacterial pathogens in feed and environment of layer units can have serious consequences for bird health and productivity.

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Milling

News

With World Flour Day this month, it is only right that this column begins by talking about it. First of all I would like to take this opportunity to register how refreshing it is to see the many men and women of our industry who keep things moving finally receiving the recognition that they deserve.

Who’s looking after the history of milling in your country? In the UK we are fortunate to have two dedicated individuals - miller Mildred Cookson and her husband Ron Cookson - a group of Trustees and a support team of staff and volunteers at the Mills Archive Trust. The Trust, which is an accredited archive, was set up in 2002 to gather and catalogue documents and memorabilia on milling from its earliest times. The focus has mostly been on mills powered by wind and water followed by steam and electricity. The Archive is growing in international acclaim especially following the addition of the Rex Wailes Collection last year.

With the advent of steel rollers some 150 years ago and their rapid replacement of millstones in the UK, the Trust recognises that future generations will want to explore with interest the technological change that brought this about and is now taking place in our industry. As roller milling developments are finding their rightful place in the Archive alongside wind and water mills, we are pleased to report on this year’s World Flour Day (March 20) the Trust has agreed to record the history of the Milling Hall of Fame on behalf of the industry globally. The Milling Hall of Fame was set up last year by Milling and Grain magazine.

Ron and Mildred Cookson have invited the MHoF to lodge its paperwork and images with the Archive for posterity and to keep a record of each individual who is inducted into the MHoF, which has its physical location in the FlourWorld Museum in Wittenburg, Germany.

Our sincere thanks on behalf of our industry go to Mildred and Ron Cookson and the Mills Archive Trust. mymag.info/e/

An example of their heroics over the past year can be found here in the UK during the early days of the pandemic. A huge spike in supermarket sales saw a 92 percent increase in the sale of flour, compared to the same period in the previous years.

The shortage arose because prior to the pandemic, only around four percent of UK flour was sold through shops and supermarkets, with the majority produced in bulk and delivered in tankers or bags of more than 16kg to bakeries or other food manufacturers.

Speaking to the BBC at the time, Alex Waugh, director general of UK Flour Millers, stated that the issue wasn’t related to the ability to mill enough flour - but the lack of capacity to pack it into small bags for retailers.

In response to this, the flour industry was then working round the clock, milling flour 24 hours a day, seven days a week to double production, according to Mr Waugh.

Although the huge increase in demand still saw shortages, the industry still pulled together and went above and beyond what was expected of them in difficult circumstances.

With so much currently going on in the world and with much of modern life focusing on numbers and hitting targets, the people without whom this industry would grind to a sudden and catastrophic halt are all too often overlooked.

So thank you to the millers, the bakers, flour bringers and flour takers for keeping us all in bread, cakes and all of the other daily staples upon which a plentiful supply of flour is heavily reliant.

With Statista also forecasting the value of the world flour market to swell to US$261.72 billion this year, this recognition could not come at a better time.

As we seek to reward our industry’s Covid-19 heroes, another ongoing issue continues to burn very brightly in our industry’s consciousness.

Now the keen followers of this column will have noticed that we focused heavily on the importance of the fortification of flour last month. This is a topic that once again receives a great deal of attention in this issue too, and quite rightly so.

The absence of any legislation that makes fortification mandatory has the feel of an unfolding scandal – although we can only hope that a peaceful and common sensical solution is reached, which will not come a moment too soon. gfmt.blogspot.com

See more videos from all aspects of the industry at millingandgrain.com/videos

10 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

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Bühler and Vyncke form strategic partnership to offer low-carbon-emissions food plants

B

ühler Group and Vyncke form a strategic partnership to offer integrated solutions with which biomass side stream products are transformed into clean process energy while reducing the customers’ carbon footprint.

The dependency on fossil fuels – and with this, CO2 emissions – can decrease from 20-100 percent, depending on the raw material and side stream products. This means that in some cases, food plants can become fully carbon neutral. The first focus of the partnership is the segments of cocoa, oat and malt processing.

“This partnership is a key element in our strategy to massively reduce CO2 in the value chains of our customers,” says Johannes Wick, CEO of Bühler Grains & Food.

“Many industries rely on our solutions to reduce their fossil fuel consumption. With Bühler, we now aim to also become the standard to reduce the CO2 footprint of the food industry,” says Peter Vyncke, owner of Vyncke.

“Together, Bühler and Vyncke can now offer integrated and optimised solutions where economic and ecological benefits go hand in hand.”

Creating climate-neutral energy from biomass Biomass by-products are generated in almost all food processes, with typical examples being the processing of grains, rice, corn and cocoa. Today, by-products are often either used for animal feed or simply disposed of. From

12 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

biomass by-products, food manufacturers can also produce a climate-neutral form of energy.

Unlike the combustion of fossil fuels, the use of biomass energy helps to control greenhouse gas emissions as the only fraction released corresponds to what the plants previously took from the atmosphere during their growth, which is less than transporting the side stream products to a place where they would be used for feed or disposal, this process creates a neutral CO2 cycle.

With its new equipment, digital services and retrofit offerings, Bühler has already made strong progress in making its solutions more energy efficient. “By adding Vyncke's energy recovery processes to our portfolio, we can offer our customers low-to-zero carbon food solutions,” says Johannes Wick.

Belgian technology supplier Vyncke specialises in energy production from a wide range of biomass by-products, including industrial or municipal wastes. The range of biomass-based fuels available for energy production is broad, from agricultural and wood residues to sludges from industrial processes, recycled wood, and specially grown energy crops.

Vyncke designs and builds green and clean energy systems that combust biomass and waste to produce thermal process energy from 1-100 megawatt hours (Mwh) and electrical energy from 0.5-15 megawatt electrical (Mwe).

Outside of energy-intensive industries, most companies have tended to view energy procurement as a cost to be

Milling News managed rather than a strategic area in the value chain. Yet today, energy is becoming one of the most important levers for business success.

With their cooperation, Bühler Group and Vyncke are addressing this issue to develop solutions for more sustainable food production, with holistic process chains in which energy recovery is integrated so that external energy consumption and energy costs can be reduced. This not only contributes to greater sustainability, but also opens competitive advantages for food producers through greater energy efficiency.

“Today, we are far from exploiting the full potential of recovering energy from side stream products. Our goal is to reduce the energy consumption of a food plant by up to 70 percent. The beauty of our solutions is that sustainability and economic criteria go hand in hand.

Today, we are already enabling our customers to reduce emissions by 2.5 million tons of CO2 annually. By partnering with Bühler, we can further improve and scale these solutions in an integrated approach to create a much larger positive impact,” says Peter Vyncke.

Recovering thermal energy from biomass One particularly important joint project will be the expansion of a malt production plant for Bühler's long-time business partner, Malteria Oriental S.A. in Montevideo, Uruguay. Malteria Oriental S.A. belongs to the Grupo Petrópolis, one of Brazil's largest beer producers. Their brewing business requires more malt, as beer consumption in South America has grown steadily in recent years.

In malt houses, the thermal energy consumption for

drying malt is enormous. In the project, Vyncke will be responsible for recovering thermal energy from biomass, which is a by-product of malt production. Through an onsite energy audit, Vyncke developed a set-up to reduce the size of the energy system by 30 percent, creating savings in the total investment as well as the operational costs.

Vyncke will build a turnkey 20-megawatt superheated water boiler with dual combustion systems, which will burn internal barley husks and plant rejects, completed by externally sourced wood chips. This will save 35,000 tons of CO2 emissions each year compared to standard operational practices in Uruguay.

The new malt house is designed for a batch size of 260 tons of barley and has an annual capacity of 77,000 tons of malt. Commissioning and production are scheduled for March 2022.

“By working closely together, we aim to execute projects with less coordination effort for our customer. Our joint innovative strength will drive us into the future and our customers will have ever better and more efficient solutions at their disposal,” says Johannes Wick.

Both Vyncke and Bühler have set the goal of reducing energy consumption in all new food plants by at least 50 percent by 2025. Together, both partners want to create the possibility of making malting plants CO2 neutral.

The project in Uruguay is just the beginning. In the future, both partners intend to coordinate their solutions technologically in a targeted manner.

For more information about Bühler partnerships and product launches, visit the Bühler Virtual World 2021 website: https://virtualworld.buhlergroup.com/agenda

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 13

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Özpolat opens new Istanbul office

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zpolat is celebrating its 55th year in the sector by opening two new branches this year, one in Istanbul, Turkey, with the other being in Baghdad, Iraq.

With 55 years of experience of developing grainprocessing technologies is pleased to announce that their new office in Istanbul is now servicing clients.

The office in Istanbul will be used for executive meetings and engineering purposes for the foreseeable future.

Speaking recently, the Chairman of the Board, Mr Ali Özpolat says that the company will continue to manufacture all of their high-quality machinery in Gaziantep, Turkey.

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Morocco changes taxes on wheat imports for bread

D

ue to the drought caused by the recent low rainfall and the subsequent decrease in wheat production, the Moroccan government has announced a change in taxes on wheat imports.

In order to create stock and ensure price competition, the government had previously suspended customs duties on bread wheat until December 31, 2020. This has now been extended until May 31, 2021.

According to the Moroccan Ministry of Agriculture, grain production for the 2019-2020 season decreased by 39 percent compared to the previous season and reached 3.2 million tonnes. Durum wheat reached 790,000 tonnes, soft wheat grain production reached 1.7 million tonnes and barley production reached 640,000 tonnes.

The Moroccan government set a fixed reference price of US$280 per ton for bread wheat to assist producers in selling their harvest, providing a bi-weekly storage bonus for traders and grain cooperatives in the country and a subsidy of US$5 per ton for millers.

Milling News

Make improving your Pellet Durability Testing a New Years Resolution...

GMach News: 300 TPD capacity flour mill starts to run in Serbia

B

y signing a deal to secure a new highcapacity turnkey mill project in Serbia, Genç Değirmen continues its successful journey in the Balkan Region.

The company is also continuing to work with Gmach brand, with both recently giving their signatures to Serbia’s most modern and highest capacity flour mills.

The first example of this success can be found in the delivery by Genç Değirmen – Gmach of a 300 ton/day wheat processing capacity flour mill to a company named Zitopromet Mlinpek D.O.O. As a long established company Zitopromet Mlinpek D.O.O has been operating in the flour trade and other agricultural activities in Serbia for many years.

Based in the Serbian city of Mitrovica, Zitopromet Mlinpek D.O.O is a company for whom in 2018, Genç Değirmen successfully delivered a turnkey mill with a daily wheat processing capacity of 200 tons. Genç Değirmen then went on to successfully commission a 300 Tons/Day wheat processing capacity flour factory for the same company two years later in 2020.

The land where grain turns into labour, labour turns into bread Genç Değirmen was founded in 1990 with the inspiration taken from the fruits of the land. Their facility, which is established on an area of 30,000 square metres, offers an extensive range of solutions for flour and semolina production facilities.

As one of the milling industry’s leading companies, Genç Değirmen continues to produce solutions for the needs of its investors during the sales and after-sales support phase, whilst also ensuring that it delivers quality products and service.

Genç Değirmen’s experienced team who respect their industry, their customers and their job, are looking forward to receiving your call.

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Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 17

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Symaga celebrates involvement in over 10,000 large silo projects

I

n a year overshadowed by the pandemic, Symaga has delivered its 10,000th storage project, totalling more than 42 million m3 of storage built in 145 countries on five continents.

In 2020, Symaga marked 35 year since its founding.

Among the completed projects, Symaga have chosen to highlight the storage plant of a mill located in Łasin, Poland. The Polish mill, Mlyny Szczepanki, entrusted Symaga with the design and manufacture of five hopper silos SCE0993/15T45 with a special protection for the hopper.

Symaga start 2021 supported by the momentum of the last months of 2020, with a significant portfolio of new orders. Asia has become one of the target markets, with a new office in Singapore to support our services and solutions in the region, to respond to the growing demand that is expected in coming years.

To maintain this continued growth, Symaga will not only focus on new markets, they will also underpin its policy of forging a deeper presence within in its top exisiting markets, such as Europe, Russia and Ukraine.

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Milling News

US Grains Council welcomes UK E10 standard announcement

F

ollowing the United Kingdom’s (UK) announcement to introduce a ten percent ethanol blend standard (E10) nationwide by September of this year, the US Grains Council, Growth Energy and Renewable Fuels Association have released a statement.

“The United Kingdom’s introduction of an E10 ethanol blend comes amid a global push to decarbonise the transportation sector and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

This is a welcome announcement that will benefit the health of U.K. residents, create more jobs, and accelerate the country’s goal of a zero-emissions future.

“It is also another example of how biofuels like ethanol are being used to help countries achieve their climate targets. We look forward to the environmental benefits that E10 will bring not only to the UK, but to decarbonisation efforts across the world.”

In his announcement, UK Transport Secretary, Grant Shapps emphasised how higher ethanol blends offer immediate environmental benefits.

“There are steps we can take to reduce emissions from the millions of vehicles already on our roads, the small switch to E10 petrol will help drivers across the country reduce the environmental impact of every journey, as we build back greener,” says Mr Shapps.

Current gasoline blends in Britain contain no more than five percent ethanol (E5). The announcement noted that switching to E10 could cut transport carbon dioxide emissions by 750,000 tons per year, the equivalent of taking 350,000 cars off the road.

In 2018, the US Grains Council, Growth Energy and the Renewable Fuels Association submitted comments as the UK Department of Transport was considering implementation of a nationwide E10 ethanol blend, sharing both the environmental and cost saving benefits of ethanol.

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 21

Kimmins and Drew's Mill, Dudbridge

The Gloucester nabim Convention 1892, Part 2

by Mildred Cookson, The Mills Archive, UK

Milling journals of the past at The Mills Archive

L

ast month I covered two of the mills seen during the 1892 nabim Conference as reported in the Miller (June 6, 1892). Here I describe two more of the ten or so local milling enterprises admired by visiting millers.

and one half of a roller mill fitted with 20 x 9 inches. The second break was done on a chilled iron roller with grooves 24 x 9 inches and the other fitted half fitted with rolls 20 x 9 inches; the third and fourth break on a double grooved chilled rolls of again 24 x 9 inches, while the fifth break used the same grooved rolls and also

Messrs Priday, Metford & Co City Mills

Gloucester Delegates saw this mill in full working order, fitted out with a roller plant of 15 sacks per hour. The mills were originally owned by the Hadley Brothers who set up their partnership there until moving on to City Mills in Thames Street London. One of the current partners at the Gloucester mill lad served his apprenticeship with Mr Hadley.

The mill comprised two distinct parts: the mill proper of seven stories, and a wheat cleaning department - separated from the mill by a fire proof wall. The mill also had its own millwrighting and fitters shop The Simon roller plant had been upgraded by the firm in 1890. The mill’s ground floor housed three millstone hurstings, 21 elevator bottoms and the necessary shafting for driving the machinery on the floors above.

The first floor had 18 roller mills, seven of which were of the three high type, for reducing the wheat on the system of five breaks and ‘flouring’ the dunst, middlings and semolina in eleven reductions. Possers for packing the flour occupied a separate part of the floor.

The breaking process was done on seven machines, the first break on a roller fitted with grooved chilled rolls 24 x 9 inches

22 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Priday and Metford’s Mills 1892

Avery's automatic grain weigher

The New Simon Reform purifier

used the half not used on the fourth.

The second floor had four double Reform purifiers, two sizing sieves, a rotary wheat grader with aspirator and two quadruple scalpers. The third floor had five Simon centrifugals, a small reel and two of Singleton’s patent flour dressers.

The remainder of the dressing machines on the fourth floor consisted of seven centrifugals, flour dressing machines, two centrifugal scalpers for the fourth and fifth break, a Munden’s centrifugal, a Gardner centrifugal, a gravity purifier, and a Stanier offal divider. A long silk reel was fixed on the top floor of the mill.

Messrs Kimmins, Drew & Co Roller Mills

These mills were situated near the railway station at Dudbridge on the Stroud branch of the Midland Railway and formerly contained eight pairs of millstones. The roller plant was installed

by Thomas Robinson & Sons of Rochdale and was capable of turning out 5 sacks per hour. It was driven, at one end of the mill

by a low breast shot water wheel and, near the centre of the mill, a steam engine housed in an outside building and connected with the main shaft by spur gearing.

The main shaft ran the length of the mill and drove the whole plant by means of a strong double leather belt 13 inches wide.

Steam to drive the engines was from a pair of Lancashire boilers 24 feet long by 6 feet 6 inches. The substantial mill building was of stone, 90 feet high and 34 feet in width, with ground and five floors averaging 9 feet high.

Near the mill another large building for storing grain stood alongside the siding of the Midland Railway. At one end of this building was a fine suite of offices, which had been built around 1890. Wheat, after unloading from the railway wagons, entered the warehouse and was carried by a system of band conveyors and elevators to the top of the mill where it was distributed by a series of worm conveyors to the various large wheat bins situated immediately above the wheat cleaning machinery.

The mill had five breaks and reduced the semolina, middlings

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Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 23

The Avery flour weigher

etc in eight reductions placed in one line on and packer the first floor. It employed one first break roller fitted with three grooved chilled iron rolls 9 x 15 inches, two double roller mills 9 x 30 inches for treating the second, third, fourth and fifth breaks.

There were two breaks on one machine, and three double roller mills, each fitted with smooth iron rolls 9 x 24 inches.

In addition one double roll fitted with smooth rolls 9 x 18 inches dealt with eight reductions, two being performed on each roller mill. At one end of the floor was a brush machine for finishing the wheat. The flour and offals were packed on this floor, which also held four pairs of millstones for grist work.

The second floor had two Robinson of the latest Diamond <R> design purifiers and one of their new patent “Koh-i-nor” purifiers, placed in one line. There was also an auxiliary fan, a large cockle cylinder and a rotary wheat-grading machine for sizing the wheat before it entered the first break, and a Eureka smutter. A viaduct to the warehouse and the railway siding connected to this floor.

The third floor had four rotary scalpers, and dressers for the first, second third and fourth breaks, a scalping centrifugal for the fifth break three separating dickey sieves in one frame, a centrifugal for dusting the sharps, an Avery patent automatic grain weigher, a silk reel five sheets long for dusting the medium sized middlings, a dickey sieve and two “Ince” patent dust collectors.

The fourth floor had two dressing machines, a mixer, three centrifugals 2 and a half sheets by 27 inches, and four

AZ_GRANIFRIGOR_EN_190x132_RZ.indd 24 | March 2021 - Milling 1and

Grain

Gardner’s Finishing Shop, Gloucester Engineering Works

centrifugals 2 sheets by 27 inches. These were fixed at right angles to the shafting and driven by quarter twist belts. Fifteen elevator heads were arranged almost in the centre of the mill.

The top floor was kept entirely for storage, the only machinery being a magnetic separator and two elevator heads, which with the worm conveyors, distributed the wheat to the various large bins.

The tour of the mills finished with as visit to the millwrighting engineering company of Mr. William Gardner. I described this strong local company with a national reach in Milling and Grain, December 2017.

www.millsarchive.org

11.02.21 14:56

The Rex Wailes Collection An Artistic Collaboration Part 1

by Mildred Cookson, The Mills Archive Trust, UK

Rex’s dominance as a consultant on traditional wind and watermills during the 20th century was illustrated in my previous article about Karl Wood, a schoolteacher, windmill enthusiast and talented amateur artist.

Wood’s work was so successful that he created a modest business from selling his art. From Rex’s point of view this relationship was much less important than the associations he built with established artists and photographers.

Thomas Hennell (1903-1945) was one such collaborator and they became close friends. Hennell’s artistic legacy ranged from his portrayal of rustic crafts and their associated artefacts in rural England to his work as an official war artist and forms part of the collections of many national institutions.

His war work took him to many countries ranging from Iceland to India and Burma. He was captured

by Indonesian terrorists in Java and disappeared without trace aged 42.

Fortunately much of his windmill work has been published by Alan Stoyel MBE, one of the Mills Archive Trustees and it was Mr Stoyel who rescued and dried out much of Rex’s collection,“after Rex’s death some of Hennell’s works were found languishing in one of the numerous sheds in his garden,” he lamented.

“Unfortunately many of the pictures were on paper of poor quality.

Years of storage sometimes in damp conditions have left their mark and some were past redemption. Regrettably they could not be separated from their sodden surroundings.”

Nevertheless, thanks to Rex, we have a large portfolio of sketches, particularly of the detailed arrangements of machinery, often pointed out by Rex as worthy of recording. Between them we have an invaluable record of regional differences in arrangement and function.

In his book Alan describes the importance of many of the drawings.

They capture the detail and spirit much better than could be achieved with a camera; sometimes a detail was emphasised or

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subdued, a viewpoint chosen or a perspective altered to great effect.

As a Lancastrian born and bred, I have chosen a couple of my favourites as examples here. Not surprisingly Rex intended to work with Hennell to illustrate the two major windmill books he was planning to publish after the War. That was not to be, and that distinction fell to Vincent Lines, a friend of Hennell’s and I will introduce him in the next article.

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Milling News

Powerful air purifier removes 99.99 percent of Covid-19 virus

rigorTec presents the Deviro, a mobile air purifier. In the highest of three selectable filter stages, the Deviro removes up to 99.995 percent of the coronavirus and particles from ambient air with an H14 HEPA filter.

With a noise emission level of 49dB, the device is very quiet, meaning the air purifier is suitable for use in offices and as well as workshops.

FrigorTec is headquartered in Amtzell near Ravensburg in Germany. The company specialises in air conditioning and filtering for highly complex industrial and commercial applications. According to FrigorTec its engineers developed the powerful air purifier during a development period of eight months.

Long-term protection Professional air purifiers significantly reduce the risk of virus infection via aerosols, including SARS-CoV-2.

A series of studies has proven this claim many times. They also eliminate other viruses and particles.

When purchasing an air purifier, two criteria are particularly important.

First, studies such as the one conducted by Münster University Hospital (UKM) in Germany in February 2021 show that for effective protection, air purifiers must be equipped with H14 HEPA filters. Second, the device must be capable of an air exchange rate greater than five times per hour in the room in which it is used.

The Deviro satisfies both criteria, according to

FrigorTec Managing Director Ralph Kolb: “Deviro, our new air purifier, has three filter stages. In the highest stage, it fulfils the applicable standard for H14 filters with an air exchange rate of six times per hour in rooms of just over 100 cubic metres.”

Consequently – and due to its very quiet operation – as Mr Kolb says, “It is ideally suited for use in large conference rooms, training rooms, switchgear and technical rooms, canteens and classrooms.”

Operating costs are another criterion for air purifiers.

According to Kolb, in the medium term it always pays to procure a professional device: “In terms of costs, the device’s filter service life is key. As the H14 HEPA filter is not exactly cheap to replace, the price of a professional air purifier such as our Deviro will be amortised within 24 months as compared to supposedly more affordable devices.”

The new Deviro air purifier is available online at frigortec-shop.com. FrigorTec also offers interested companies, authorities and schools free consultation for planning and commissioning.

FrigorTec manufactures and sells solutions for grain cooling, crane air conditioning, hay drying, insect heat treatment and air purification. With service and sales locations in Germany and international subsidiaries, the manufacturer is active worldwide. Spun off from the cooling product segment of Sulzer AG in 2005, the company generates approximately Euro 18 million annually and currently has 60 employees.

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 29

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TRAINING

As sprouted wheat continues to cause problems for bakers, this article will provide some considerations that should help to correct this defect during baking. We will also discuss the importance of the maturing process of the flours after the production process.

The effect of flour quality on baking behaviour Germinated wheat flours

When cereal crops are not harvested at the right time and the right levels humidity and temperature are experienced, grains can germinate prematurely. Premature germination can be both visible and invisible, with invisible germination occurring inside the grain, where enzymes cause or accelerate the degradation of starch into sugars.

Alpha-amylases can also transform starch into dextrin, which can have a sweetening effect at the time of preparing the dough, increase during fermentation until the bread enters the oven. Alpha-amylases are deactivated at 70-75 degrees Celsius, at which point it will stop producing dextrin.

How to correct them?

• The temperature of the dough must be lower than usual (22 to 24 degrees Celsius) • The pre-fermentation or rest of the dough must be shorter.

• The dough must have more consistency, to compensate for its relaxation • The enzymatic activity can be moderated by a stronger acidification of the dough, using more acidic sourdoughs. If acidification is obtained by prolonged fermentation, the dough relaxes, degrading much more starch • The pieces must be smaller. The smaller the crumb, the faster the

critical temperature zone of 75 degrees Celsius is passed inside. This phase lasts longer in larger breads, so the effect of amylases on the starch will cause greater damage • Cooking must begin with a very hot oven and finish at a lower temperature.

The ripening of the flour

The manner in which the flour evolves becomes much more favourable if it is kept in storage for a few weeks. This is thanks to certain processes that are related to oxidation, as demonstrated by Kent Jones in 1926.

The aged or mature flour apparently provides greater strength, the dough is also more elastic and the bread has a greater volume, better texture and a more pleasant colour.

The time it takes for the flour to reach the optimal conditions to be baked is highly variable and depends on the more or less intense aeration to which it is subjected. In winter the transformation is slower. On the other hand, if the storage is prolonged in excess, the quality of the flour decreases and in addition there may be a danger of infestation by insects and stored flour does not age evenly.

Today oxidising agents, whose mission is to produce certain changes similar to natural maturation but in a shorter time, are often used. With the use of these agents, the maturation is accelerated, obtaining more attractive and voluminous loaves, but they achieve that the flour is denatured, producing loaves with an insipid taste.

The flour, before its transformation, must mature for a period of 15 days, in old wheat. In the case of young wheat (just harvested), this maturation will be at least one month.

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TRAINING Part 1: - Cooler and cooling process, by Jon Ratcliff

Online Milling School - 2020 Winter Edition Session Seven – Cooling & crumbling – with Jon Ratcliff and Ryan Celis In the seventh edition of the Winter series from the Online Milling School, Jon Ratcliffe and Ryan Alan S. Celis sought to address the topics of how to optimise the cooler and cooling process, whilst also reviewing crumblers and the crumbling and the sieving processes. With their combined active industry experience spanning well in excess of six decades, attendees were certainly in the right place for both knowledge and experience.

The first speaker to address attendees in this edition was Jon Ratcliff.

In a career in our industry that has spanned thirty years, Mr Ratcliffe began his career at UK feed company J Bibby Agriculture as a Poultry Nutritionist back in 1981.

For the past 15 years, Jon has been consulting for the UK's leading supermarket, Tesco, on matters relating to animal feed and animal feed mill and supply chain auditing.

He possesses a considerable amount of experience relating to feed mill systems across the world and he also provides seminars and training on HACCP and GMP specifically for feed mills, which stands him in good stead when discussing coolers and the cooling process.

The first part of this edition of the Online Milling School sees Mr Ratcliff discuss the many factors that relate to coolers and the cooling process, beginning with the various objectives of cooling. Mr Ratcliff continues by addressing topics including the theory of cooling, before conducting a comparison of both the horizontal and vertical variations.

Mr Ratcliff then concludes his section by examining the various parameters that are applicable to the cooling process, as well as their respective impacts on the quality of finished products.

Objectives of the cooling process

The first objective of the cooling process is to ensure that the pellets are suitably cooled, ideally to an economic level ≤ 5 - 8 °C ambient air temp says Mr Ratcliff, with the second objective being low moisture loss, with recommended moisture level similar to the average of the incoming raw material.

Microbiological safety is a further consideration along with no damage to the pellets and ensuring that the equipment is completely empty following the process. If fully adhered to, Mr Ratcliff believes that all forms of contamination should be prevented, leading to trouble free storage.

Types of Cooler: Horizontal vs Vertical Counter-flow

The horizontal cooler is comparatively problematic as due to its relatively high air consumption it costs more to run, says Mr Ratcliff, adding that this variety of cooler is difficult to service inside, with the horizontal cooler’s frequent maintenance requirements presenting an obvious problem.

By comparison the much lower costing vertical counter flow cooler requires a much smaller volume of air in order to process throughput according to Mr Ratcliff, is easier to service inside and requires much

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less frequent maintenance – leading to fewer machine stops and more profit.

On top of the previously mentioned considerations of running costs, required air volume, serviceability and maintenance, Mr Ratcliff states that cooler air exhaust filters and cleaning, the design of cooler air ducting, how to measure and adjust cooler air and how to filter incoming air should all be prioritised when considering which type of cooler to employ within your process.

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Part 2 - Crumblers and the crumbling and sieving Process,

by Ryan Celis

The second expert to address attendees the seventh session of the Winter edition of the Online Milling Scholl is Ryan Alan S. Celis, a Mechanical Engineer by training.

Mr Celis began his professional career in San Miguel in 1988, since then he has held the positions of Head of Preventive Maintenance, Plant Engineer and Manufacturing Manager of the company’s major facility in Manila.

In total, Ryan’s wealth of experience in the feed milling industry spans 32 years. At present, his company also operates a feed mill plant in the southern Philippines. His last assignment was as Plant Manager of a newly constructed feed milling facility outside of Manila.

Crumbling through speed differential

Tackling the subject of crumbling, Mr Celis begins by describing how crumble rolls are used to break pellets into smaller size. He also states that the crumbling action occurs because one roll turns faster than the other and the rolls are grooved with special corrugations, creating a cutting action.

The difference in the roll speeds is known as “speed differential”, with the speed differentials ranging from the fast roll turning 1.5 to 1.8 times faster than the slower roll. According to Mr Celis, the size of the crumbled pieces is dependent on space “gap” between the two roll surfaces, with the smaller the gap between the roll surfaces, the more severe the crumbling action resulting in smaller pieces and more fines or dust.

Sieving: uniform finished pellets

In order to ensure that the pellets that they are sending to their customers are of a consistent size, most mills producing pelleted feed for commercial use or sale screen the pellets and/or crumbles, with the purpose of this stage is to primarily remove undersized particles or fines created in the pelleting and cooling process, with these then recycled back through the system.

According to Mr Celis, this process should result in uniform finished pellets. He also adds that spouting to the sieving system should also be designed to include valves and spouting to bypass the system should screening not be needed.

The need for the sieving process

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During the sieving process, the pellets pass over wire or perforated metal surfaces that vary in opening size screen, with the diameter of the opening selected ideally slightly less than the diameter of the whole pellets.

If additional separations are required during the screening process, additional decks are added to the sieve machine. In a factory producing various sizes of feeds, a full range of screen sizes will be needed for each piece of screening equipment.

The first aim of sieving is to reduce manual handling wherever possible as well as minimising the risk of cross contamination, continues Mr Celis.

Although sieving will remove fines from the pellets, the aim should be to reduce the quantity of total reprocessing required, concludes Mr Celis.

For more information regarding the Online Milling School, visit the OMS website at onlinemillingschool.com

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The REACH SYSTEM from Satake

PRODUCT FOCUS March 2021 In every edition of Milling and Grain, we take a look at the products that will save you time and money in the milling process.

The REACH SYSTEM is a semi-assembled rice milling plant incorporating receiving, pre-cleaning, husking, milling, optical sorting, and packing stage equipment. It is designed to maximise the installation efficiency versus cost performance by utilising unitised components manufactured in Satake's Thailand production facility, with the result an installation time of just two weeks.

For regions where they experience two to three harvest times annually, this will allow rice mill owners to start up a production line between harvest seasons.

The current REACH product line comprises SYSTEM 3.0 and SYSTEM 7.0. The SYSTEM 7.0, for example, which is a seven ton per hour rice mill which is best suited for medium size rice milling facilities with 25K to 40K ton annual capacity.

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The upgraded ANDRITZ Paladin 2000 Pellet Mill

Otywell: PM2.5 pm10 dust concentration detector-TCB1000

The Paladin's proven two-stage drive design, an innovative combination of toothed belts and V-belts, allows for maximum torque to be applied during the pelleting process whilst simultaneously reducing vibration and providing a balanced load on the main shaft, increasing the lifetime of the machine.

The robust nature of the Paladin is complemented by easy operation and upkeep. Die speeds can be adjusted by simply changing the V-belt pulleys, whilst automatic lubrication and hydraulic belt tensioning systems further contribute to troublefree maintenance.

Additionally, the option for either two or three rollers, Automatic roller adjustment (ARJ), and Roll slip control (RSC) is now available with a Quick Die Change (QDC).

With the release of new features, the Paladin 2000 is even more essential to your operation.

The TCB1000 dust concentration measuring instrument uses either infrared detection or the laser detection to detect and monitor dust particles in its operational environment.

It can be employed as a long-distance electrical signal that transmits to a secondary instrument. The data from the detector also be directly uploaded to a computer or connected to a DCS system.

This instrument also offers an on-site alarm warning system complete with a flashing indicator light, whilst also displaying the on-site dust concentration in real time.

The TCB1000 dust concentration measuring instrument can be used in flour mills, chemical industrial areas, communications and other industrial environments that need to prevent dust explosions.

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Bühler: Automatic Bag Attacher MWAP

NORD Drivesystems: IE5+ permanent magnet synchronous motor

This automatic bag attacher ensures fast and reliable attachment of open-mouth bags to the filling spout of the bag filling unit. The machine allows the use of paper bags as well as woven polypropylene bags that are laminated on either one or both sides.

The bags are individually extracted from the bag magazine by means of suction cups, opened, and attached with high precision to the filling spout.

The throughput capacity can be increased by about 25 percent compared to manual bagging, thus cutting manpower costs. Moreover, this increases the level of automation and process reliability.

The automatic bag attacher is equipped with its own modern local control system with display and easy-to-use user interface.

NORD Drivesystems introduces the IE5+ permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is available in both ventilated and smooth versions, with the range including power options of up to 4.0 kW. The new IE5+ motors are designed for both intralogistics and hygiene-sensitive areas in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The motors are also highly efficient with a wide torque range, making them optimally suitable for economic operation.

The motor can be used as either a direct motor attachment or as an NEMA and IEC motor, with rotary encoder and mechanical brake integration also available as optional extras.

The investment pays for itself within a surprisingly short time and the IE5+ synchronous motors can be combined with all gear units and drive electronics from NORD Drivesystems in a modular system, resulting in a solution that is powered from a single source.

www.buhlergroup.com myMAG.info/e/1071 36 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

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SPECIAL FOCUS Yenar's flaking roll turning and grinding unit FlakeCare enables the refurbishment of the flaking roll surface in your flaking mill on site, without the need to replace your rolls.

FlakeCare is a robust and easy to install CNC mobile machine that is specifically designed to keep the rollers of your flaking machine in perfect condition, all of the time.

By implementing a regular maintenance schedule for the surface of your flaking rolls, preventive action can be taken that will extend the life of the rolls.

The Yenar Mobile Turning and Grinding unit firstly smooths the surface of the rolls and then clears their surface through a specialised grinding process.

This fast and comprehensive process means that the task is completed much more quickly, when compared to other similar machines that are currently available in the market.

This combined unit is specifically designed to accommodate rolls with a diameter of 600 mm and 800mm.

The flexible nature of the FlakeCare machine means that you will only need to fix it to your flaking mill and operate it according to the condition of your rolls.

The most common issues with flaking rolls

1. The surface of the flaker rolls wearing out regularly is enough of a problem. That said, sometimes rolls can sometimes crack because they are too close to each other and the surface of the rolls can splinter.

2. Sometimes irregular or incorrect feeding of the machine or varying hydraulic pressure can cause lead to conical wear of the rolls.

3. As we mentioned above, if the rolls are touching each other, this cause larger pressure on both ends of the rolls compared to the middle. In this case you should make a chamfer on both ends and machine is CNC controlled that’s why you can make automatically chamfer only need to input chamfer

Yenar: FlakeCare length and depth such generally (150 mm length and 0,2 mm depth).

It is worth noting that the refurbishment process for rolls that have suffer any of these abnormalities of wear can take an incredibly long time.

Flaking Rolls Maintenance

1.Normal Wearing Rolls - In reality, this kind of wear never happens.

2. Wire Effect - Rolls can end up looking like this picture for the following reasons.

-If the load in the centre is too high, then a wire effect can cause the roll break in the centre.

-This can also happen if the feeder is misaligned or if the blades have been cleaned incorrectly.

3.Polygon Effect – In this instance a polygon shape is generated along the axis of the roll. These scatter marks are typical of when the rolls are turning at different speeds.

4.Conical Wear – This type of wear sometimes happens due to incorrect input feeding or if there is a difference in hydraulic pressure across the roller, with both of which possessing the ability to cause conical wear on the rolls.

5. Breaking Ending – If the surface and the two ends of the flaker rolls are not only wearing out regularly but are also sometimes even cracking, this is often because the rolls are touching each other, causing the surface material to crack and splinter.

6.Chamfer – A term that typically refers to a transitional edge between two adjoining right-angled faces of an object. Created at a 45-degree angle, a chamfer is meant to ease otherwise sharp edges, for appearance, safety or to prevent damage. The FlakeCare system has the ability to automatically create this effect on your rollers.

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Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 39

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YOUR GLOBAL PARTNER

The Milling Hall of Fame Honours

Martin Schlauri

In its second year, the Milling Hall of Fame has inducted its second award winner for services to milling. The 2021 inductee is Martin Schlauri of Bühler, who is widely known throughout the industry both for his work within his company and for his commitment to training existing and future flour millers.

Mr Schlauri is only the second person to be honoured in this way and joins the inaugural inductee Volkmar Vywiiol, a flour improver and owner of the Mühlenchemie company in Germany.

The Milling Hall of Fame inducts and honours individuals who have made an important contribution to the development of milling through their committed and untiring work, enthusiasm and knowledge. Each year, on World Flour Day, an independent body chooses a new member. The award ceremony takes place at the FlourWorld Museum in Wittenburg, Germany.

And each year, on March 20th, the winner is presented with a sculpture depicting a human figure on a rolling millstone; which conveys the challenge all millers face in creating standardised and uniform flours from an endless supply and changing variety of grains with their fluctuating qualities. In this way the artist Sibylle Waldhausen has symbolised the art of the miller consistently ensuring a balance between the availability of grain, the efficiency of the process and the quality of the flour.

The chosen new member is honoured at an award ceremony which in future will take place at the FlourWorld Museum in Wittenburg, Germany. However, this year, due to the Covid-19 pandemic means that the announcement and presentation will take place virtually in Switzerland, in the home town of Mr Schlauri. A video will be available of the presentation following the event.

milling conferences around the globe. In 2015 Mr Schlauri took on the task of developing the African Milling School in Nairobi, Kenya. Since 2020 he has been living in Switzerland again passing on his knowledge in the role of Senior Grain Milling Expert at Bühler‘s headquarters.

First MHoF inductee

Volkmar Wywiol, born in 1935, is one of the pioneers of flour treatment for the production of flours with reliable baking properties. With the development of the lecithin product Emultin M-501 in 1965, he and his team brought a ground-breaking innovation to the European milling industry: it became possible to replace premium-quality foreign wheat – made more expensive by import duties – with a larger proportion of locally produced soft wheat, thus making flour production more economical.

Commitment to training In 1990, Mr Wywiol took over the firm Mühlenchemie and built Mr Schlauri entered the world of milling in 1974. As an it up to become the world’s leading specialist in the production apprentice at a flour mill in eastern Switzerland from April 1974 to of customised flour improvers, enzyme systems and vitamin 1977 he obtained his diploma as a miller. This was followed by a premixes. With extensive applications year of intensive study at the Swiss School technology and its trial bakeries, the of Milling in St Gallen, Switzerland, which company established an internationally he completed with an award as the most acknowledged service to the milling successful student of the year. industry.

Mr Schlauri turned his attention Mühlenchemie products are now included increasingly to promoting training in the in over 100 million tonnes of wheat art of milling. In 1995 he took over the annually. In 2008, this was followed by the management of the Grain Milling Training foundation of the FlourWorld Museum, Centre and subsequently Bühler’s global which Mr Wywiol has subsequently grain milling activities. In this role he developed into an institution with invested great effort and enthusiasm in international significance for the cultural networking the worldwide Family of Martin Schlauri - Inducted into the history of flour and as a tribute to all the Millers. He gave valuable support to the Milling Hall of Fame in 2021 millers of the world.

SMS Alumni Association and organised 40 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

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Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 41

Launched on World Flour Day - the new Milling and Grain app English, Chinese, Spanish, French, Arabic and Turkish take you pick! That’s the choice millers now have if they wish to read that latest edition of Milling and Grain on their mobile devices.

In a stable of new MAG Apps - each in its own language - readers can quickly download and access Milling and Grain editions.

And it’s even better than that. Millers can receive the digital version free-of-charge by completing an application form at: http://myMAG.info/e/1073 “This is what we have prepared over recent months to launch for the industry on March 20th, World Flour Day,” says Milling and Grain publisher Roger Gilbert.

“It’s not enough for us to find, write, publish and translate technical and nutritional information in six languages. We have to ensure that we are reaching the industry in all parts of the world and at times and in a way that suits them. Our digital development compliments the industry’s flagship printed magazine and reflects our intention to make Milling and Grain fit for purpose in the 21st Century.

“We are celebrating our 130th year in print this year and the commitment we have made to translating and publishing in a number of languages and making ourselves more mobile and timely means we are able to meet the changing needs of our industry as a whole,” he adds.

Each language App is reachable in the most appropriate region and will give those downloading it a choice of local languages.

“We encourage those in the industry to take advantage of a free subscription,” says Mr Gilbert.

“We continue to honour our free-to-millers commitment, but understand that in today’s world people want to have more control over their personal data and decide exactly what they want when they want it. Our new subscription service offers those advantages. And, of course we will maintain our existing mailings as before.”

Finally, all six new Apps will provide additional news and information that will be easy to access and read by those on the move.

SIGNING UP AND GET THE APP There are two ways to sign up: 1) Download your chosen App directly from Apple Store or Google Play and follow instructions to subscribe.

It costs UK£0.99/edition (or UK£11.88 for a year’s subscription) 2) Complete the application myMAG.info/e/1073 form on our website for a FREE annual and renewable subscription, and follow the link emailed to you.

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World Flour Day

2021 A nod to the heroes in hats, delivering full pallets and stacks

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or 2021, World Flour Day will be celebrated on March 20, with this year’s motto “White Gold: A tribute to flour heroes all over the world”, which I’m sure you’ll agree is a very appropriate choice of phrase, given the events of the past twelve months or so.

Accordingly, the main aim of World Flour Day 2021 will be to highlight the vital contribution made by farmers, millers, transporters, bakers and many other flour heroes who have maintained a steady supply of the “white gold” throughout the Covid-19 pandemic.

About World Flour Day Flour as a food ingredient is very important, as products made from flour are daily sustenance for billions of people across the globe. In every part of the world, flour is made into delicious and nutritious foods such as bread, biscuits, cakes and pasta. It is one of the most important staple

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foods of our species, which we all often take for granted, until it’s not there that is.

The fact of the matter is that flour deserves all of our thanks. So it is only right that there is one day of the year when, from New York to Sydney, from Buenos Aires to Mexico City and from Lisbon to Moscow, we honour flour, along with the farmers and millers, shippers and truckers, processors and bakers.

White gold is always in demand - especially during a pandemic!

Last year, many people throughout the world endured the traumatic experience of standing in front of empty flourshelves in their local shop.

As previously mentioned, the foodstuff that we had taken for granted for so long was suddenly not there. There was no doubt about it - flour was in high demand.

As a staple food, we are all aware of flour’s nutritional

F significance, so seeing flour in stock always conveys a sense of security.

Accordingly the flour industry worked hard, above and beyond in many cases, to ensure that production and delivery were assured despite the situation.

So, it is only right that this year’s World Flour Day should be dedicated to everyone who played a role in this process, from production to processing, as those involved in the distribution of the “white gold.”

How South Amman Mill met unusual flour demand during the Covid-19 crisis South Amman Mill was established in 1997 in Jordan and is today the biggest flourmill in the country. The mill has three production lines, all outfitted by the Swiss company Bühler AG, with a total milling capacity of 1,000 tons/day and wheat storage capacity of 100,000 tons.

South Amman Mill’s market share in Jordan is over 29 percent, and its export market share is 100 percent as it is the only mill in Jordan that exports flour to neighbouring countries. The mill is owned by Al-Hazaa Investment Group, which operates and manages many flour mills in the Middle East.

Meeting unusual flour demand during the Covid-19 crisis Enhancing food security in Jordan and the region has always been a vision for South Amman Mill, and was highlighted even more during the current Covid-19 pandemic and the impact it had on the flour-milling sector.

The Covid-19 crisis was not easy for any industry, especially for the food sector and flour production. The flour market witnessed unprecedented high demand during the crisis, since as soon as lockdowns were announced

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 45

F in many countries worldwide, people rush to markets to buy large quantities of the white gold of life, whilst supermarkets and bakeries also placed unexpected orders for flour.

Lockdown, panic buying, stockpiling and flour production at full capacity Flour is used in many basic foods that are consumed daily. Therefore, due to the pandemic, bakeries in Jordan started to run low on flour, hypermarkets ran out of consumer packs of flour, long lines of flour trailers were seen at mills and people queued up outside bakeries and supermarkets.

As the biggest flourmill in the country, South Amman Mill stood ready to cooperate and supply flour 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to retailers and bakeries inside Amman and other governorates.

The Mill operated at full capacity and complied with the government’s decisions in regards to the crisis, and committed to doing its best to supply the country’s flour needs.

Shifts in package demand and social distancing As a result of the increased demand for flour, some traders raised their prices to take advantage of the circumstances. But the Ministry of Industry and Trade in Jordan launched a campaign for consumer protection and punished anyone who raised their prices.

South Amman Mill complied with the ministry’s orders, whilst continuously reassuring it of their readiness to meet all flour needs during the crisis.

The increased demand caused much crowding in

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supermarkets and bakeries during the rapidly spreading pandemic, so Al-Hazaa Investment Group acted quickly and created an application that enables customers to order flour online and have it delivered within 24 hours without the need to go out, to decrease crowding and hopefully decrease spreading of the virus.

This application, Daqeeq, which is the Arabic word for flour, was launched at the beginning of the crisis and provides delivery directly to customers without intermediaries, from South Amman Mill and the two other mills that are owned by Al-Hazaa Group in Jordan.

Are you as a company or individual, involved in “mining” the white gold, i.e. in the production, processing or distribution of flour? Then tell the world your flour story during the pandemic by visiting: wwwworldflourday.com/submit-stories/

F O R T I F I C A T I O N

Folic acid

Mass Medication or Mass Nutrition The role of Fortified Foods, why do we need fortification at all?

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by James Cooper, MAG Contributor

he idea of adding nutrients to food, for the greater good of a population, is nothing new. Across the world we’ve been doing it for over a century. Staple foods that have been processed and refined, such as maize, flour and rice, constitute such a large proportion of our diet that, to many governments, it makes sense to consider if they lack particular nutrients and then simply replace those nutrients lost during processing.

It’s a practice which is especially relevant if the food was a good source of a nutrient in the first place, before any processing.

But we can also put other good stuff in: The same staple foods are also a convenient vehicle for administering targeted micronutrition where there are deficiencies created by poor diet that can lead to specific health problems in vulnerable groups.

Salt, sugar, oil and milk are all used as a vehicle for fortification in certain parts of the world where nutritional deficiencies have been identified.

Very few industrially produced raw foods escape processing in some form or another. Milk is pasteurised for example, salt can be iodised, water fluoridated, so we are quite accustomed to this sort of interfering on our behalf.

It’s out of our hands, but we accept it as a beneficial and civilised improvement of our basic foods.

One size fits all

Fortification however, tends to be a one-size-fits-all. Different communities in different parts of the world will have differing diets, food diversity, crops, climate, lifestyles and any number of other factors that will affect their nutritional needs.

Adding anything new to the recipe will always bear scrutiny and this is where fortification can sometimes divide opinion. It’s the antithesis of choice, but we must choose. The binary decision to fortify then applies to all, regardless of whether they stand to benefit or not. As such it can be a perceived by some as a blunt instrument. The concept is an all or nothing fix, but also one with far reaching outcomes.

Take salt for example, one of the most frequently used ingredients in food.

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Iodine deficiency is a major public health problem that can be cheaply addressed by purposely adding small amounts of iodine to sodium chloride salt.

Salt was first fortified with iodine in the US during the 1920s to prevent goiter (abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland) among Ohio schoolchildren. And many countries have since passed laws that salt must be iodised for human consumption.

In fact, the UK is one of the few European countries without regulations on salt iodisation. Yet iodine deficiency still affects about two billion people worldwide and is the leading preventable cause of intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Fortification of flour

In the UK flour is an obvious vehicle for fortification, it has the highest consumption rates across any group of the adult population, with an estimated 90 percent of people consuming products that contain flour1.

Flour fortification first became commonplace during the First and Second World Wars to help prevent nutritional deficiencies within the population, during a period when diets were otherwise rather limited in their nutritional diversity.

When white flour was first fortified with calcium in 1941, it was introduced to prevent rickets, found common in women joining the Land Army. Fortifying flour, therefore, was a means of providing more calcium in the diet at a time when dairy products were scarce.

Since then, fortification has been enshrined into UK legislation through an incremental process. The National Loaf, introduced during the Second World War by the Federation of Bakers, was a bread made from wheatmeal flour (a bit like brown flour) but with added calcium and vitamins.

It was needed to deal with wartime shortages of flour caused by limited merchant shipping, which, in 1942, was mostly imported at that time. This coarse and bran-rich flour produced a loaf which tended to be dense, gritty and bland tasting, but was also surprisingly nutritious, giving the allies enough vigour to go ahead and win the war.

The loaf was finally abolished, much to the relief of most who had consumed it, and controls on the milling of white flour were lifted in 1953. But it left a nutritional void because there was a naturally higher presence of vitamins and minerals in whole grain

F used to make it. So, regulations were introduced to add iron, thiamin and niacin, and to continue the addition of calcium in all wheat flour (except wholemeal).

And that’s pretty much where we are today, here in the UK, with the exact quantities of these basic four nutrients enshrined in the UK’s ‘Bread and Flour Regulations 1998.’

A choice for ‘real bread’

Today, 84 countries worldwide fortify milled grains as a means of providing a base level of essential nutrition and worldwide.

It is now generally accepted as an essential component in prevention of diseases created by malnutrition. (source, FFI).

Here in the UK fortification does however, have some quite vocal detractors, mainly amongst food purists, but some food pressure groups continue to question the relevance of fortification describing the concept as adulteration of raw ingredients with mere ‘token’ nutrients.

Chris Young from Sustain’s Real Bread Campaign offered me his opinions on the subject. He believes that everyone has the right to choose to eat real bread, that is to say, made without the use of any so-called processing aids or other artificial additives.

So, from one perspective fortification is mass-nutrition, from another it’s contamination. Or worse, mass-medication.

Unfortunately, malnutrition, particularly in lower socioeconomic groups, is as much a problem today as it ever has been and one that is increasingly hidden.

Perversely, many populations across the world now live in an environment of over-consumption, where calorie intakes are exceeding energy expenditure and where intakes of some micronutrients (such as iron, folic acid and Vitamin D) in several populations are reported to fall below recommendations2.

Chris Young of the UK Real Bread Campaign

Lord Rooker Image courtesy of ©Chris McAndrew

In the USA, a 2018 study at The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, researchers developed a Health Index to measure the nutrition content of households’ grocery purchases.

The index improved five times more for high-income households than it did for low-income households between 2012 and 2015, compared to 2004 through 2007—indicating the nutritional gap between the rich and the poor is growing, even in richer countries.

So, the broader perspective, which is generally accepted by governments, is that food fortification should be used by to improve health and wellness across a broad spectrum of the population, even if only a subset of a population needs the additional nutrition, and especially if used to target specific nutritional deficiencies leading to avoidable health issues such as congenital disorders.

The UK’s Great Folate Debate

Vitamin B9 is an essential nutrient that’s mainly present as folate and folic acid.

Folic acid is a naturally occurring nutrient found in abundance in certain foods such as spinach, marmite and liver, brassicas,

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F O R T I F I C A T I O N wholegrains (and many others).

All the evidence, and there is much on the subject, from trials conducted over decades has shown beyond any doubt that folic acid supplementation during pre-pregnancy and the early stages of pregnancy can reduce the risk of a fetus developing neural tube defects (NTDs), such as spina bifida and anencephaly2.

Yet, according to government figures, an estimated 90 percent of women aged 16 to 49 have a folate status below the level recommended to reduce the risk of having a pregnancy affected

by NTDs3.

The National Diet and Nutritional Survey UK (2017) has also indicated that mean red blood cell folate was lowest in socio-economically deprived areas. It’s an obvious candidate for fortification because one of the main challenges in supplementation is that nearly half of all pregnancies are unplanned, so women will not necessarily supplement diet until it’s too late.

While some foods such as breakfast cereals are voluntarily fortified with folic acid, these fortified foods are not routinely consumed by all sections of the population and may not reach women from the most deprived areas on lower incomes, who also tend to have lower intakes of naturally occurring folate4.

Slow to react

The UK government has received positive advice from its own Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) in favour of mandatory fortification, but so far has been slow to act on the advice. This, despite a groundswell of support from numerous other advisory bodies for a proposal that has been gaining traction in the UK now for over 10 years.

The launch of a government consultation in the matter was

initially announced by the Minister for Public Health, during Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus Awareness Week in October 2018 and initiated in June 2019. Since then, however, there has been limited progress.

A huge response returned from milling industry bodies, nutrition agencies and medical organisations. Most recently, in March 2020, the Royal College of Nursing published a consensus statement supporting the mandatory fortification of flour with folic acid. The statement, supported by The Royal College of Midwives, The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, British Medical Association, British Dietetic Association, (to name only a few) makes their position clear: “It has been decades since the benefits of introducing mandatory fortification [of folic acid] have been known and the delay in introducing this measure has led to stillbirths, neonatal deaths, disability and avoidable terminations of pregnancy..

We urge the government to implement this measure without delay.”

Staggering reductions

It’s quite puzzling. Across the world and over the course of around 20 years, over 80 countries have adopted folic acid as a mandatory fortificant to wheat, rice and maize, but not yet the UK. Results from fortification programmes in the Arab Gulf region, and beyond, demonstrate the effectiveness and the public health benefits arising from mandatory food fortification.

Since introducing the obligatory addition of folic acid to wheat flour in 1996, Oman has reported a staggering 70 percent reduction in cases of Spina Bifida5.

Mandatory fortification of cereal grain products with folic acid began in the USA in 1998, contributing to a 36 percent reduction in NTDs between 1996 to 2006: preventing an estimated 10,000

A review of 36 documents that reported the prevalence of NTDs per 10,00s0 births* before and after the initiation of flour fortification with folic acid in 13 countries. *The denominator can include live births, still births or terminations.

50 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

F

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 51

F NTD-affected pregnancies in a decade, and resulting in a savings of US$4.7 billion in direct costs5. Recent evidence from the USA-based Food Fortification Initiative (FFI) makes the worldwide case for folic acid even more transparent.

So, given all we know on the subject, why then is the UK Government still unable to commit to a timescale for implementing folic acid fortification?

Whilst this is primarily a public health issue, I wondered if the director of UK Flour Millers, Alex Waugh, was able to offer a milling industry perspective: “It’s a charged issue as far as customers and consumers are concerned.

“Initially I think there were some concerns about potential adverse effects in some other groups. But they seem now to have been addressed. The medical consensus is that it would be beneficial. But at the same time, there's quite a public mood, which may be changed because of the events of the last year, against the idea of what would be described as sort of medical intervention, into mass medication.

“It’s the kind of terminology that people would use, the language is emotive, but if you substitute nutrition for medication it doesn’t sound quite so bad: Mass nutrition sounds like a good thing. Right now, if you talk about vaccination-mass-medication, it doesn’t sound too bad actually.”

Certainly, food additives have had a bad name.

There is also quite a public mood, Alex explained, which may be changed because of the events of the last year, “… against the idea of what would be described as medical intervention,” explained Alex Waugh.

In the food world there is definitely a trend towards clean label and anti-processing, whole foods and organic status.

“People don't like the look of anything added to their food and regard everything added as bad, even though it might benefit them”, he added.

From this perspective, folic acid is just another ingredient on the bad list, even though it is simply just another naturally occurring nutrient.

Alternative to fortification

The UK’s food lobby group Sustain is an alliance of organisations, including the Real Bread Campaign. It is set against any mandatory fortification and instead campaigns for a healthy and sustainable food system.

Whilst not specifically taking a position on folic acid, Sustain refers to ‘so-called fortification’ of UK milled flour as a ‘sticking plaster’ approach, which, they argue, fails to address the underlying reasons why some people are living with, or are at risk of, nutritionally deficient diets in the first place.

It is instead advocate of alternatives to fortification that might improve folate / folic acid uptake, such as improved cooking and healthy eating education in schools, raising minimum levels of naturally occurring folate (and other micronutrients) in flour and schemes to make healthier food more affordable and accessible, whilst curbing promotion of less healthy foods.

Sustain would also like to see tighter regulation of bread baking methods with the aim of increasing natural nutrient content and are lobbying for a range of measures to be implemented such as increasing investment in cereal breeding research, with the aim of increasing micro-nutrient density, rather than just yield and protein levels.

It has called for a wholesale review of industrial milling techniques in order to retain higher levels of these naturally occurring micro-nutrients, an argument which is based on the popular belief that traditional stone mill wheels grind grain more gently and at a lower temperature than large industrial roller

mills.

These are certainly commendable aims, but whether these measures are credible or realistic, or simply distractions, remain open to debate.

For example, milling research shows that stone mills generally operate at much higher temperatures than roller mills – as high as 90°C/194°F for stones vs. 35°C/95°F for roller mills. Roller mills work so effciently that the flour they produce is held at top temperatures only briefly, while stone mills take longer to reduce the grain to flour particles (that could also explain why some data shows stone-milled flour having greater loss of amino acids and healthy fats)6.

Are consumers convinced?

And so, the folate debate comes back to the fundamental issue: The polarising nature of fortification.

Despite compelling evidence of the public health benefits of folic acid fortification it may be that consumers are still not convinced, so politicians are weighing both real and perceived arguments. The real challenge for politicians, and the argument, is that the group of beneficiaries, that is people involved in pregnancies that might be affected by NTDs is relatively small.

The Rt Hon Lord Rooker was Chair of the UK’s Food Standards Agency (FSA) between 2009 until 2013 and at age 79, rather than taking it easy, remains a powerful voice in the House of Lords.

He has been raising the issue of folic acid in parliament regularly since leaving his ministerial post at the FSA, pressing the government for a decision on what he now considers an urgent matter.

On June 30, 2015, Lord Rooker introduced the House of Lords Bill to amend the Bread and Flour Regulations 1998 to require flour to be fortified with folic acid. But as yet, he explained, the government has still not released the result of the 2019 consultation. He raised the issue again in September last year but decided to wait due to the Covid situation and has undertaken to raise again at Lords questions on 23 March 23, 2021, just three days after World Flour Day In his candid email, Lord Rooker said The Department of Health (DoH) had previously considered the problem to be relatively small in terms of incidences of NTD: That “1000 pregnancies affected each year and an average three live NTD births a week,” which had in the past been managed by pregnancy termination. “That is lot of terminations,” he noted.

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 53

F O R T I F I C A T I O N And devastatingly, termination is not even a part solution: NTD can also result in miscarriage, death shortly after birth or longterm disability to the baby of varying severity. The true number of affected pregnancies is probably higher because some women will miscarry before diagnosis and some very minor cases of spina bifida may remain undetected3.

Pressure to fortify can only increase

Few would disagree that prevention is better than cure. Or in this case, better than elective termination after prenatal diagnosis.

But nor is folic acid a panacea or cure-all. Does this tragic moral and political impasse really boil down to a choice between fortification and termination?

Sustain is of course absolutely right. We should be controlling the over-processing of foods to preserve nutrient content, and we would all certainly benefit from eating more whole grains and fermented breads that contain naturally higher levels of all the good stuff, not just folate.

But unfortunately, Sustain are largely preaching to the converted. Dietary education should and must be a priority for the health of our nation but increasing intakes of essential nutrition through diet alone is hard to mandate and education takes years to change behaviour.

If folic acid is to be introduced then it will likely be under existing legislation, in which case all wholemeal flours (those above 85 percent extraction) and those produced by small-scale artisan mills are likely to be excluded from the rules.

The Real Bread Campaign may be able to have their cake and eat it.

With worldwide populations expected to reach 9.5 billion by 2050 with a greater reliance on milled grains for nutrition than ever before, focus on fortification can only increase.

We live in a world where we are reliant on industrially milled grains for the greater part of our nutritional intake. Food poverty and malnutrition are rising statistics: That’s why we need fortification.

As it stands, UK government has largely ignored acting decisively in relation to this preventable congenital anomaly and has applied no sense of urgency to the prevention of NTDs. There has been a global race to vaccinate older populations against Covid19, but should we now also be taking this opportunity to take care of those at the other end of their lives, the younger pregeneration? If ever there were a time to grasp the nettle, is that time not now?

References

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1 https://www.gov.uk/ government/consultations/ adding-folic-acid-to-flour/ proposal-to-add-folic-acid-toflour-consultation-document 2 https://assets.publishing. service.gov.uk/government/ uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/637111/ SACN_Update_on_folic_acid. pdf 3 https://www.reading.ac.uk/ foodlaw/pdf/2019-DHSCConsultation-Folic-Acid.pdf) 4,5 https://www. kelloggsnutrition.com/ en_AE/knowledge/nutrition/ foodfortification.html 6 “Nutritional Impacts of Different Whole Grain Milling Techniques: A Review of Milling Practices and Existing Data.”

Cereal Foods World, May/June 2015, Volume 60, Number 3, by Julie Miller Jones, Judi Adams, Cynthia Harriman, Chris Miller, and Jan-Willem van der Kamp)

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F O R T I F I C A T I O N

Is it not time to address problems before they happen?

An interview with Alex Waugh, director of the UK Flour Millers

by James Cooper, MAG Contributor

UK Flour Millers are justifiably reluctant to comment on the UK government folic acid consultation, understandably so, fortification is primarily a public health issue. James Cooper caught up with Director of UK Flour Millers Alex Waugh, for an industry perspective

The government announced a public consultation some while ago. Where are we on the matter of folic acid fortification, what’s the timescale for the regulation?

Alex Waugh: Well, you're right. There’s a lot of interest in the subject, and the idea of requiring flour to be fortified with folic acid has been in discussion in the United Kingdom for more than 20 years, since the late 1990s and some form of fortification is in place now in many countries around the world, although none in Europe.

Most of the flour produced in United States and Canada and other parts of South America, and other countries, does have folic acid added to it, but not in 10 European countries at present.

Why do you suppose the UK government and the European Union has been cautious to implement folic acid when according to the Food Fortification Initiative the evidence is there?

Alex Waugh: This is a matter less for European Union Commission and the European Parliament and more for individual member states. The UK government and the public health groups are well aware of and are convinced by the evidence in that folic acid does confer benefits, especially in terms of helping to prevent neural tube defects and has wanted to try and make some progress here.

There is that sort of public mood against adding things to food and at the same time there is, in the food world, a trend towards clean label: People don't like the look of anything added to their food. Additives have got a bad name. Folic acid is still is another ingredient on the list. And you know there are plenty of foodies who regard anything added as if it were bad. Even though it might benefit them, the raw food brigade and the anti-processing group.

I'm also not sure that all consumers are convinced either and politicians have to weigh both sides. The argument is that the group of beneficiaries, that is those involved in pregnancies that might be affected by NTDs, is relatively small. Don’t 56 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

misunderstand me, not insignificant or anything like that, but it is just a relatively small number compared with the idea that would lead to everyone consuming the folic acid. So, you've got to go very broad in order to hit a small target. And I think that's the challenge. But there are clear benefits for a defined group.

It could well be that at some point, this year or next year, the UK government will consult the public on the possibility that folic acid should be added to flour. It's been promised for a while so it's definitely a possibility that it will come forward in 2021, perhaps 2022.

Given the current status of vaccines and the whole issue of mass medication versus mass nutrition, you might make a reasonable argument that is this not the time - if that if ever there was a time - to address problems before they happen?

Alex Waugh: Maybe five percent of our production is exported, less than that is imported, but there’s a lot more products made with flour that's traded: bread and frozen dough, cakes and biscuits, pies and pasta, fish fingers, etc. There would be some trade challenges because other countries in Europe might reject the idea. There’s quite a lot of detail to be worked through as to how that would work.

The whole prospect for our future is that we should be an island trading nation. Which means that goods move in and out, and so there are some challenges around what exactly, or how the legislation, would address that. That's not necessarily an insurmountable challenge, more a practical issue. But it looms larger when not everyone is convinced in the first place. We don’t want to erect new barriers to trade.

And what about the millers, are they willing. What do they want?

Alex Waugh: I think they would. It's essentially a public health issue, with trade overtones as we just discussed. There will probably be a cost, and the cost is not cheap. But those

F are secondary issues. First thing is - is it doable? Will it be mandatory? What's the mechanism? And then, it’s okay if that's what we as a nation decide we want to do and how to make it work.

Will the consumer end up lifting the bill ultimately or do you think government would. What would happen?

Alex Waugh: However it’s done, one way or another the consumer will pay for it. Whether that’s through taxation or whether through market costs. Someone has to pay for it. I mean that's a bit of an ex-economist answer. It will be marginal price per loaf of bread and unmeasurable, it will be a tiny fraction, but with all these things, they are all tiny unless you have to pay for them.

emphasis on the personal, the individual. The thing about this kind of fortification programme is that it's about a collective benefit. That might be felt on an individual level for some people, but this absolutely won’t by others. It about the National Public Health rather than being able to be discernible.

It’s absolutely not about choice. It's the antithesis of choice.

Depending on which side of the argument you sit, you might say well, we don’t have a choice about which side of the road we drive on do we? We drive on one side because that is best for everyone. So there are limits to choice, and those who favour the approach say this is one small limitation on choice, that does no harm to anyone, but benefits many.

Why is it hard to get any comment from a miller on the subject?

At around UK£60 a kilo folic acid is relatively cheap, considering the very small fortification level, but when you're talking about millions of tonnes of wheat, what is cost impact?

Alex Waugh: If you’re not paying for it doesn't seem like much at all, [set] against the public health benefit. On the other hand, if you’re seeing, for the sake of argument, UK£100,000 - UK£200,000 coming off your profit annually, it might seem like quite a bit.

Alex Waugh: We will wait for the consultation, it’s quite a charged issue, as far as customers and consumers are concerned.

I suspect they are more than happy to wait and for it to be dealt with across the industry rather than picking out individual businesses. It's a bit hard to avoid coming down one way or the other if pressed to comment, and as yet nothing has been decided, but they are likely to say yes, we should be thinking about public health, but it's not for the millers to make public health decisions.

When was the last review of fortification?

Would wholemeal flour be included in the regulations?

Alex Waugh: In the early 1980s there was a review of flour fortification legislation, calcium and iron in the early 1990s. So there have been periodic reviews of the pros and cons. So far, the outcome has been to maintain the existing approach.

Perhaps the public mood has swung a little bit against this long list of ingredients. We had moved into a world that favoured the

Alex Waugh: If it's the idea to just add it to the existing recipe, and include it in the same product, then that would be added to white and brown and not to wholemeal. [By doing this] you would definitely reach a large number of people but there are some challenges around, for example gluten free, the regulations apply only to wheat flour, and so on.

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F O R T I F I C A T I O N

“Disability is not inability” Preventing birth defects through fortification, one grain at a time

by Food Fortification Initiative

"It's a different life, but once you accept it, life goes on,” says Juliana Auma Okoth, founder of the Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus Association of Kenya (SHAK). Juliana is the proud mother of Phoebe who was born with spina bifida and hydrocephalus 25 years ago.

“When I was four months pregnant, I was given some yellow tablets but when I took them, they would make me vomit, so I threw them away. Later on, I learned that the yellow tablets were iron and folic acid. Even if I had been aware of folic acid, I couldn’t have believed that those small tablets would have a great impact in the life of an unborn child,” notes Juliana.

After Phoebe’s birth and diagnosis, Juliana soon realised she was not alone; many families in Kenya and around the world faced the same struggle that her family did. “I wondered how many other families are out there struggling with their children and the lack of information,” says Juliana “I started the association to provide hope for families.”

SHAK now has 1,024 members and trains families on strategies to help care for their children with birth defects.

World Birth Defects Day – March 3, 2021

Observed annually, World Birth Defects Day unites people like Juliana and organisations like SHAK and the Food Fortification Initiative (FFI), who are working to raise awareness in the hope of preventing birth defects. By partnering with the public sector, private sector, and civic advocates like Juliana, FFI works to make the addition of vitamins and minerals such as folic acid to flour and rice standard milling practice worldwide.

Birth defects of the brain and spine are neural tube defects that include spina bifida, anencephaly, and encephalocele. These birth defects can take a serious toll on individuals’ quality of life, on families and on health care systems.

Phoebe has had nine major surgical procedures. Once, she was put in a cast and had to stay in bed for six months. “To take care of her and turn her so she does not get bed sores [could be] a whole year of not working for me,” says Juliana.

In spina bifida, the baby’s spine does not form correctly. Severe cases include paralysis and varying degrees of loss of bowel and bladder control. Children like Phoebe undergo a lifetime of surgeries and face many health issues. “For parents, we love our watches, not because they’re pretty, but because they remind us about the hour to empty our child’s bladder,” says Juliana.

Birth defects of the spine and brain

Anencephaly is when the brain and spine does not form properly and affected pregnancies are often miscarried or babies born with anencephaly die shortly after birth. Encephalocele is a rare neural tube defect in which part of the brain protrudes through the skull.

58 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Spina bifida, anencephaly, and encephalocele are birth defects of the spine and brain that can be mostly prevented if women have 400 micrograms of folic acid daily at least one month before they conceive and early in their pregnancies. Fortifying flour with folic acid reduces a country’s prevalence of these birth defects.

According to a 2019 study published using FFI data, an estimated 62,670 birth defects of the brain and spine were prevented in countries with mandatory programs in place to fortify wheat or maize flour with folic acid. That is an average of 172 healthier babies every day.

Unfortunately, the total only represents 23 percent of all birth defects that might be prevented with enough folic acid.

Though short-term solutions like supplementation are valuable, mandatory fortification of staple foods with folic acid is critical to sustainably prevent future birth defects on a large scale.

Fortifying food is a cost-effective strategy for increasing people’s folic acid intake with the potential to prevent up to 75 percent of most birth defects of the brain and spine. It does not require consumers to change their behavior; they simply continue eating foods they already enjoy.

This is why Juliana, Phoebe, SHAK, and FFI advocate for folic acid fortification so that children in Kenya and around the world can have a stronger future.

“Supplementation will never be enough… I threw away my folic acid,” says Ms Auma Okoth “How many other women will?

How many women know how early they need folic acid? But if you fortify their foods, they will consume their foods, and they will get their folic acid.” www.ffinetwork.org/mothers-and-babies

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Sodium diformate The impact of dietary sodium diformate on health and performance of layers

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by Christian Lückstädt, Addcon GmbH, Bitterfeld, Germany and Sarah Mellor, Independent writer, Weinheim, Germany

icrobiological integrity of eggs is an important issue, while bacterial pathogens in feed and environment of layer units can have serious consequences for bird health and productivity.

Salmonella is the most widely understood bacterial pathogen in egg production, which, according to Farooq (2001) is among the bacterial species influencing higher losses in chicken and was abundantly found in bedding material of chicken (42%), drinkers (36%), feed (28%) and water tanks (17%) of poultry farms.

However, opportunistic Gram-negative pathogens such as E. coli and Campylobacter can just as easily take hold.

Colibacillosis, a syndrome caused by E. coli, is one of the most common infectious bacterial diseases of the layer industry.

Colibacillosis causes elevated morbidity and mortality leading to economic losses on farm especially around the peak of egg production and throughout the late lay period (Linden, 2015).

E. coli infections rank among the top two health concerns for both cage-housed and cage-free layers, according to a survey conducted by the Association of Veterinarians in Egg Production in the US (O’Keefe, 2013). The microbiological safety of table eggs remains therefore the overriding concern of consumers.

Jones (2011) has suggested the use of chemical additives to control bacterial pathogens in feed – this may primarily involve the use of organic acids.

Valuable additives

Organic acids have long been used in animal nutrition to stabilise feed and enhance animal performance. Early studies on these additives were carried out in pig production (Cole et al., 1968); however, they have been increasingly adopted in the layer industry since the early 1990s.

Kirchgessner et al. (1992), was among the first to report the effects of organic acids (in this case fumaric acid) on productive parameters in layer units. Since that time, this knowledge 60 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Table 1: Effects of 0.2% sodium diformate (NDF) on egg quality in layers, aged 65-69 weeks, in The Philippines Parameter

Control

0.2% NDF

Δ [%]

2162

2132

-18.9

N Cracked eggs [%]

1.11

0.90

Avg. egg mass [g]

65.3

65.7

+0.6

Avg. shell mass [g]

8.9

10.0

+12.5

Table 2: Egg quality parameters at 50% peak production of layer performance (adapted from Kühlmann et al. 2012)* 0.3% NDF

Δ [%]

Avg. egg mass [g]

Egg quality

50.3

51.2

+2%

Avg. shell mass [g]

4.6

5.2

+12%

0.32b

0.34a

+6%

Avg. shell thickness [mm]

Control b

a

*Means with different superscripts in rows are significantly different between treatments (P<0.05)

gradually spread through the industry and the use of these valuable additives has also been adopted in the layer industry.

Improving hygienic conditions and poultry performance with the aid of organic acids has been reported by many sources (Desai et al., 2007). An important limitation, however, is that organic acids are rapidly metabolised in the fore-gut (crop to gizzard) of birds, which will reduce their impact on growth performance.

More recently, sodium diformate (traded as Formi NDF, Addcon – hereafter abbreviated as NDF), has been proven to be effective against pathogenic bacteria along the whole gastro-intestinal tract in the case of Salmonella and Campylobacter, as reported by Lückstädt and Theobald (2009).

Under commercial conditions, a large-scale feeding trial in Spain found a 99 percent reduction in intestinal E. coli contamination in birds fed 0.3 percent NDF in the feed between 47 and 50 weeks of age. Furthermore, a later study by Kühlmann et al. (2012) found similar E. coli reduction rates, but also that beneficial bacteria in the gut were unaffected.

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F Hidden costs

Pathogenic load in eggs is not the only concern to the layer industry. Poor eggshell quality is a huge hidden cost to the egg producer. It is estimated that more than 10 percent of eggs produced in the hen house are uncollectible or break before intended use, partly consisting of shell less, cracked or broken eggs, to the extent that they are not suitable for collection.

Gupta (2008) stated that ‘every effort must be directed towards improving shell quality and reducing egg breakage’.

A commercial study in The Philippines found that feeding 0.2 percent NDF between 65 to 69 weeks of age improved egg quality during this period (see Table 1). Here, the improved eggshell quality was found to result from the addition of the acidifier to the diet, which increases the availability of the calcium to the bird, as reported by numerous other sources. As a result, the incidence of cracked eggs was reduced by 19 percent in the diet containing NDF. These findings were further validated by Kühlmann et al.

(2012), who found similar effects on eggshell quality parameters, in this case significantly improved eggshell thickness and shell mass (see Table 2).

Increased productivity

Not only is the use of acidifiers in the feed a successful strategy to reduce pathogen load and improve egg quality in layer units, it also has potential benefits in increasing productivity.

This was proven in several studies, carried out under a wide range of climate zones – reaching form dry-hot – as found in India, via hot and humid (Nigeria) to the temperate climate in Europe.

InM&G_febbraio_2021_ESP.pdf a 12 week study at the Veterinary College and 1 27/01/21 15:23Research

Figure 1: Effect of 0.15% NDF on hen-day production (%) in Lohmann Brown hens aged 48 weeks

Table 3: Effect of various NDF-dosages on hen day egg production in White leghorn layers (modified after Mani et al., 2014)* Parameter N Hen-day egg production [%] Difference [%] Assumed number of eggs [n]

Control

0.1% NDF

0.2% NDF

45

45

45

85.5a

87.2b

88.9b

-

+2.0

+4.0

330

337

343

*Means within a row with no common superscripts differ significantly (P<0.05)

Institute in Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India, the inclusion of five different levels of NDF (0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 percent NDF) was tested against a negative control diet, using 270 commercial White Leghorn layers of 50 weeks of age.

At the commercially relevant doses of 0.1 percent and 0.2 percent

C

M

Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

K

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 63

F NDF, hen-day egg production was significantly increased, compared to the control diet. This would translate into an increase of seven or 13 eggs per year and hen, respectively (see Table 3).

The feed efficiency in this trial was also improved significantly at these doses (Mani et al., 2014, data not shown).

A further trial under much more humid conditions was carried out in Nigeria to validate the aforementioned results.

Here, the impact of 0.3 percent dietary NDF on performance and health in laying hens from 55 weeks of age was studied over a period of eight weeks. The treatment and control groups (1050 birds per group) each received a commercial layer diet throughout the trial (see Table 4).

Feed intake over the trial period was lower in the birds that received the NDF diet (119 vs 122g/bird/day; P<0.001), while hen-day egg production improved over the same period highly significantly (85.9 vs 77.7 percent in NDF and control groups, respectively; P<0.001).

The average number of eggs laid over the experimental period was 57,518 in the group given the NDF diet, compared to only 51,047 in the control group (P<0.001). At the end of the trial, total egg weight was 3510kg in the NDF group, compared to 2910kg in the controls, although due to the collection method, no statistical comparison was possible.

Finally, the use of the additive led to a highly significantly reduced mortality (0.67 v 3.81 percent in the NDF and control groups, respectively; P<0.001).

A Colombian trial under rather subtropical conditions was carried out with Babcock Brown hens. The birds were aged 44 weeks and the trial lasted for 10 weeks. The first five weeks without the additive, while from week 49 onwards 0.25 percent NDF was added to the diet (see Table 5). The daily feed intake was set to 115g/d.

Layers fed with 0.25 percent NDF have a significantly (P=0.015) increased hen-day egg production by 1.1 percent.

At the same time, the egg weight increased highly significantly (P<0.001) by more than two percent - and the percentage of AA-eggs and AAA-eggs of the overall number of eggs (data not shown) was also significantly improved.

Finally, the increased production was achieved with an improved feed efficiency by almost three percent, which meant that one kg egg weight was produced with 60g less feed, compared to the control. And all the aforementioned improved performance parameter were achieved despite the older age of the hens.

Proving the concept works

A recent trial in Europe (Slovakia) proved once more, that the concept of using sodium diformate in layers helps in increasing productivity, especially in aging birds. Figure 1 shows commercial

Table 4: Performance data of laying hens, aged 55 weeks, fed with or without 0.3% NDF for 8 weeks (modified after Lückstädt, 2017)* Control

0.3% NDF

Δ [%]

Feed intake [g/d]

121.7±1.4A

119.5±0.3B

-1.8

∑ laid eggs during trial [n]

51,047±35

57,518±65

+12.7

∑ egg weight during trial [kg]

2,910

3,510

+20.6

Avg. egg weight [g]

57.0

61.0

Hen-day egg production [%] Feed [kg] per egg weight Mortality [%]

A

B

+7.0

85.9±6.3

+10.6

2.46

2.00

[-460 g]

3.81A

0.66B

-82.7

77.7±4.2

A

B

*Means within a row with a different capital superscript differ highly significantly (P<0.001)

Table 5: Effect of 0.25% NDF on the performance of Babcock brown hens* Control (wk 44-48)

0.25% NDF (wk 49-53)

Δ [%]

N

9619

9619

-

Hen-day egg production [%]

90.8a

91.8b

+1.1

Egg weight [g]

59.8a

61.1b

+2.2

Conversion Feed / Egg [kg/kg]

2.13a

2.07b

-2.8

*Means within a row with no common superscripts differ significantly (P<0.05)

data of Lohmann Brown hens which were fed between week 48 and 68 during a long-term trial with 0.15 percent NDF. Data clearly show that the hen-day egg production of the NDF-fed birds is significantly above the norm given for this breed.

After 10 weeks of using, productivity was 5.7 percent above norm, while at the termination of the trial, the NDF-hens had a HD percent of 9.2 percent above the norm for the hens at that age.

The use of organic acid salts in the diet clearly has a range of beneficial effects in layer production.

Firstly, their application in biosecurity management through the feed assists the bird to combat bacterial pathogens.

Their conferred improvements in nutrient digestibility, especially that of minerals like calcium leads to better egg quality. Improving nutrient availability by including dietary organic acids in the diet, also plays a role in the number of eggs produced, as healthy, well-conditioned birds are more productive.

This concept has been proven the world over and the use of organic acids, their salts – and especially dietary sodium diformate (Formi NDF) is irrefutably an effective and sustainable tool to enhance layer performance under all production conditions, in terms of egg quality, safety as well as productivity.

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MEASURING MAIZE AND FINISH PRODUCTS WITH SPEED AND PRECISION

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by Thomas Ziolko, Product Management Milling Solutions and Juste Hahne, Product Management Digital Sense, Bühler, Switzerland

aize – or corn as it is known in North America – is the world’s most important cereal grain in terms of production quantities. It is processed into a wide range of valuable products, including premium-quality grits and flour.

Essential metrics for millers are the granulation and the fat content of the ground maize, as their customer – the companies that use the flour and grits, have very precise requirements in this respect.

Bühler’s online measurement systems and analysers provide millers like Lifeline Foods LLC in the United States high levels of quality control, which also provides a solution with huge financial benefits.

In 1996 a group of innovative corn producers from Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska and Missouri – the United States Corn Belt – founded AgraMarke, an identity preserved production cooperative.

Five years later in 2001, the cooperative purchased a 750,000 square foot manufacturing facility in Saint Joseph, Missouri.

In 2006, LifeLine Foods, LLC leveraged its corn based food ingredient knowledge with that of ICM, Inc. Thus combining the vision, mission and talent of the 650 owners from AgraMarke Quality Grains with the expertise of Kansas-based ethanol facility designer and builder ICM Inc, the plant was able to leverage the skill sets of both owners to build a process that enhanced its high-quality food ingredients.

Segregation of supply

Today LifeLine Foods is a leader in the corn milling industry,

66 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

with more than 150+ employees, whilst its Level-2 SQF certified plant has been extended to 780,000 square foot.

The co-op’s corn-based products are used as ingredients for cornflakes, snacks, soups, tortillas and taco shells, brewing and distilling ingredients, corn meal and flour, as well as industrial lubricants and ethanol. The cooperative specialises in the processing and packaging of identity-preserved grain, ensuring product segregation, which keeps each grower’s produce from becoming blended with grain from other fields. Bühler has been at LifeLine Foods’ side from an early stage and the company is proud of its zero-waste approach.

The specialty mill produces a range of corn ingredients including corn grits, corn meals, pre-gelatinised corn flour that meet Non-GMO Project Verified, USDA-Certified Organic and Certified Whole Grain standards.

The dry corn mill produces various granulations ranging from coarse grits to fine flours that are used in a variety of food applications. Bühler has been able to provide LifeLine Foods with the latest technology and dedicated support with quality measurements.

Quality in processing

A quality assurance program also tests for a variety of specific product attributes with regards to their intended application.

Routine laboratory tests analyse granulation, moisture, fat, protein, fibre, ash, Colour b* value (yellowness) & Colour L* value (brightness), viscosity and test for microbiological contamination and mycotoxins.

In corn milling, these parameters play a decisive role in the consistent quality of the various end products such as corn flour, corn semolina and corn grits.

The precise granulation of ground corn is an essential metric in milling, as the customers’ tolerances for processing flour and grits

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are set up for a very narrow range of particle size.

It is of paramount importance for a milling plant to gauge and control product quality in order to avoid the risk of finish product being rejected. A rejected batch of produce can quickly result in a loss of US$10,000.

Determination of ingredients is also key, such as fat and moisture content, as they have a decisive influence on the quality and shelf life of the product as well as the overall yield of a corn mill.

Online measurement

Continuous real-time online analysis of quality parameters of

raw material, as well as intermediate and final products during corn processing allows for immediate adjustments of processes and the optimisation of both quality and yield. Even marginal changes to ingredient parameters can significantly optimise yields. Based on case data, Bühler’s systems have the capability of optimising the yield of corn grits by 0.3 percent, resulting in additional annual earnings of US$200,000.

Online measurement can also reduce the need for lab testing, as the costs of lab testing can be significant. Samples all over the facility have to be taken every two hours and brought to the lab for testing and this can take around 20 minutes each time depending on the layout. In an eight-hour day, that amounts to 80

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minutes spent just on sampling.

The labour costs for sampling and manual analytics over a year could add up to as much as US$25,000 – a saving that can be made by using Bühler’s two online measurements – the NIR multi online analyser MYRG and the online particle size analyser MYTA. The strength of the NIR Multi Online Analyzer MYRG lies in the ability to analyse raw material and finished product across variable measuring points in real-time during the production processes. A single spectrometer of the latest NIR generation can evaluate the data from up to six different measuring points.

The MYRG is durable, reliable and includes Bühler’s precalibrated applications. The sensors are positioned after precleaning to measure moisture and the contents of crude fat and fiber, polar starch and protein from the raw material.

At the other end of the process, the sensors measure the parameters of the finished product – whether it is flaking grits or corn flour – as it arrives in the hopper scale. Bühler can also provide NIR calibrations to measure protein, crude fibre and starch content in the final corn product.

Bühler’s online particle size analyser MYTA optically measures granulation. A camera with a strobed LED in conjunction with laser diffraction measures the shape and size of both course and fine particles in a size distribution between 10 μm and 5,000 μm – a range that covers most grain processing products. The compact design of the measuring probe is suited for retrofitting in existing production plants.

Supporting NIR sensor

At LifeLine Foods’ facility, an online NIR sensor has been installed to measure and monitor primarily the fat and moisture content in snack grits. The sensor is located after the degerminator and milling section at the batch hopper scale.

Fat content is an important indicator that gauges the performance of the degermination process.

The process is set to the particular quality specifications set by their customers, according to which only a minimal germ/ bran content is tolerated in snack meal. Traditionally, a product sample is taken to the reference lab every two hours to measure moisture and fat contents. If the specification limits are exceeded, operators need to adjust the process accordingly.

By using Bühler’s online NIR system to measure fat content in real time, which minimises both human effort and the time it takes from measuring product characteristics, to taking action from two hours to just minutes.

The automatic process adjustments guarantee consistent and efficient production within the set quality specifications and reduce the probability of false decisions based on erroneous representative measurements.

How does the NIR multi online analyser MYRG compare to 70 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

lab results for accuracy? To find out LifeLine Foods validated fat and moisture contents against laboratory standards. Measurement accuracy, calculated as standard error of prediction (SEP) based on 20 distinct samples taken over a period of one month showed a high level of precision, with an SEP of 0.1 percent for both the fat and the moisture content.

Products from LifeLine Foods

Specialty mill: Corn ingredients including corn grits, corn meals, that meet Non-GMO Project Verified, USDA Certified Organic, certified whole grain standards, with all facilities provided by Bühler.

• Dry corn mill: Various granulations ranging from coarse grits to fine flours that are used in a variety of food applications, with all facilities once again provided by Bühler.

• Masa mill: Masa flours for tortilla, chip, and taco production.

• Specials corn flour products: which includes pre-gelatinised corn flour.

• Extruded pre-gel food: Pre-Gel Binder that is versatile and is used in the food industry in flavour bites, meat mixtures, batter mixes and breakfast cereals.

• Extruded binder: Used in many industrial settings, including the production of plywood, fertiliser and oil drilling.

• Ethanol: Approximately 190 million litres on ethanol fuel

Helping hand

Trenton Jacobs, Mill Manager at LifeLine Foods is impressed with the findings. After a six-month test period, the results provided by the online system in comparison to laboratory tests have convinced him of the system’s benefits.

“The online monitoring systems enable our millers to focus on their craft, while also educating them to the impacts directly tied to processing or input changes,” he says.

The LifeLine Foods example demonstrates how online process analysis can reliably supplement or even replace many of the measuring processes performed in laboratories.

Switching from traditional methods to online measuring processes eliminates the need for manual sampling and analysis, whilst also reducing the associated laboratory costs.

Providing real-time quality data automated online systems also allows for continuous adjustments, which in turn both optimises quality and increases throughput. They also allow for greater consistency, save resources and ensure an appropriate level of traceability.

Bühler’s online process analysers for measuring particle size and ingredient determination can both be retrofitted into existing production plants, with LifeLine Foods currently employing both types of sensor system at their plant.

“Ease of use paired with accurate and immediate results has provided the exact value we were looking for,” says Mr Trenton.

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Opportunities with High Value Pulses Ingredients

T

by Alexandra Londoño Baderschneider, Head of Business Segment Pulses, Bühler

hink about a retail shopping experience 20 years ago. Now, compare it with the experience in a supermarket today. So much variety, so many alternatives – every day, new choices!

It really is impressive to see how many different product options are packed on every shelf. In less than one generation, the food industry has rapidly adapted to ever more challenging consumer wishes.

Today, every category of consumer is very precisely catered for with an impressively broad palette of novel product. The creativity, innovation and speed with which the industry has achieved this is certainly deserving of some recognition.

Now, what next? Today’s consumer continues to be focused on the functionality of food, looking increasingly for products with health and wellness claims – and is willing to pay 25 percent more for baked goods, over 60 percent more for pasta and over 45 percent more for snacks that satisfy this need.

In parallel, as today’s consumers are far more conscious of sustainability, plant-based foods and beverages are booming, with forecasted global average annual growth rates above 12 percent for plant-based meat

72 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

categories and above six percent for plant-based beverage categories.

Pulses have great potential

In responding to these trends, pulses have a great potential as promising next generation ingredients. Beans, peas, lentils and chickpeas are very healthy and environmentally friendly. With global production of more than 80 million tons a year, pulses are readily available and therefore are destined to play an even more prominent role in future food formulations.

In the last decades, Bühler has been steadily investing in R&D to offer sustainable pulses process technologies along the complete value chain: from the bean, pea, chickpea or lentil to

F

ready-to-eat delicious products. Bühler offers holistic process concepts, particularly in the field of protein extraction and its implementation in value-add foods.

However, what are the possibilities to turn pulses into ingredients?

Let’s take a closer look at the pulses processing landscape.

Flawless cleaning of the pulses seed is mandatory, whilst dehulling is also a key preparation step before processing the pulses into ingredients. After the dehulling step, there are three further processing options.

The first of these options involves the grinding of the pulses directly into flour, which is then used to make traditional local foods or to add value to bakery, snacks and pasta products, making them richer in protein and fibre than those made with

more common flours such as wheat and corn.

The second option is to convert pulses into ingredients is through the integration of fine grinding and air classification steps, a process known as fractionation. This process delivers pulses concentrates, with protein content of up to 60 percent (depending on the raw material).

Concentrates have a higher value and a bigger field of application than pulses flours. Besides their use to add value to snacks and baked goods through higher protein claims, pulses concentrates have great potential in pet food and animal feed applications, as well as in the plant-based meat substitute field.

For dry meat analogues in particular, such as minced meat for hamburgers or chili con carne, pulses concentrates can

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 75

F successfully be applied as the main raw material.

The third option is to process the pulses into protein isolates using a wet process that includes several steps of solubilisation and centrifugation. Pulses isolates have a protein content between 80-90 percent and are the highest in value (up to two times the price per ton of concentrates). Today, the main application of isolates is in the categories of sports and muscle-building foods and beverages, protein bars and plant-based meat and dairy substitutes.

The choice between pulses flours, concentrates or isolates depends not only on the target application but also on consumer needs and their willingness to pay. Overall, the three ingredient types can be considered as functional ingredients and their application has much potential in the global food industry.

For example, there is great potential to innovate with pulses flours in mixes with other cereal flours to make healthy snacks and bakery products that are higher in fibre and protein. Moreover, the potential to implement pulses (protein) concentrates in the field of animal and aqua feed is yet to be fully exploited.

However, the use of concentrates in the rapidly growing field of plant-based meat substitute and beverages appears to be the area with the biggest potential. Today, most of the products in these fields are made using high-value protein isolates. The use of pulses concentrates combined with the right technology set-up can potentially deliver promising plant-based products with good palatability and taste ratings.

As the demand for healthy and sustainable foods is increasing, the pace of R&D in this area needs to accelerate. This is why Bühler has been investing heavily in its Food Application Centers, which aim to offer customers deep processing expertise

and full, pilot-scale infrastructure for product innovation and business case testing.

Bühler offers a truly global network

In the field of pulses, Bühler offers a global network of application facilities that have the capability to convert pulses into ingredients, whilst also following the value-addition chain with technology in bakery, snacks, pasta and extrusion for plantbased meat substitutes and beverages.

In addition, with a sustainability commitment at its core, Bühler has also been investing in R&D activities related to side-stream valorisation. For the specific field of pulses processes for high protein ingredients (concentration or isolation), the application of the resulting pulses starch represents a challenge as, at first glance, it seems not to be as competitive as traditional starches such as those of wheat, corn or potatoes.

For this reason, Bühler has recently carried out a number of different trials with pulses starches and their application in bakery, snacks, crackers and wafers - either solely or in combination with cereal flours for value-add products. The results have been very positive and reveal that pulses starches could, in future, be a valuable ingredient in the food industry.

Finally, the use of all types of pulses ingredients in food and feed has great potential. Solely or in mixes with other cereal ingredients, the key will be to find the right proportions to satisfy local consumer preferences – especially in terms of taste.

As the space for innovation and product development is still wide open, we can be sure that processing pulses into ingredients will play an important role, ensuring the dynamism, variety and excitement in the shopping experience is maintained for years and decades to come.

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76 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

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Improved protection against endotoxins

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Dr Eckel launch Anta®Catch

by Dr Eckel GmbH

r Eckel Animal Nutrition launches an innovative endotoxin specialist following two years of development.

Specially developed to defend against dangerous endotoxins, the latest product from the renowned experts in innovative feed additives promises maximum effectiveness and comprehensive protection.

Safety and protection for high-performing animals

Livestock bears the brunt of endotoxin contamination and qll too often, this results in hoof infections, ear or tail necrosis, liver disease and diminished performance due to an overactive immune system.

To help feed producers, farmers and animals combat endotoxins, the multidisciplinary team of experts at Dr Eckel Animal Nutrition in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, has spent two years of intensive development to produce the best available solution to endotoxins and finally, Dr Eckel’s latest product innovation was launched on February 4, 2021.

Its name is Anta®Catch and Dr Eckel states that farmers and producers can get the threat posed by endotoxins under control with this highly effective product.

Endotoxins, the silent danger

Better genes and intensive feeding have resulted in more productive livestock.

However, one problem is becoming more acute - endotoxin contamination. The latest research confirms what farmers have been saying all along, that endotoxin-related problems are not isolated cases and can occur even on very well-managed farms.

For example, 50 percent to 100 percent of piglets are affected by tail, ear or foot pad necrosis from as early as their first day of life, and as many as 90 percent of slaughtered bulls have tail necrosis due to high levels of endotoxins.

But these visible symptoms are just the tip of the iceberg.

Endotoxins stimulate the immune system, which costs the animal a lot of energy—energy that is no longer available for growth and performance. It is not only fattening cattle and swine that are affected: endotoxins also pose a serious threat to the welfare and health of dairy cows, poultry and aquaculture produce, and the profitability of the respective farms.

78 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Specialist wanted

“Feedback we had been receiving from customers for some time increasingly indicated the presence of high endotoxin levels. The available options did not seem to be helping much,” explains Iris Kröger, Technical Sales Manager at Dr Eckel.

“It was clear that we needed something new. So we decided that we would be the ones to find it.”

The team of specialists at Dr Eckel is known to overcome challenges with unusual solutions. After all, Dr Eckel has been considered a pioneer and visionary of innovative feed additives for more than 25 years.

So the family business took a brave and confident approach in this new venture and, backed by development funding by the state of Rhineland-Palatinate and the EU, developed a specialist product from scratch to be used specifically against endotoxins and to achieve the highest effectiveness possible.

The Dr Eckel development team took a two-pronged approach: the careful selection of raw materials to counteract endotoxins effectively and the development of a unique process to activate Anta®Catch.

Double-activated and triple-mode action

The secret of Anta®Catch’s success lies in this careful selection of raw materials and the production process, which is why it is doubleactivated and has a triple mode of action and this is how it works.

First, the product is activated through the rectification of the cations on its surface, enabling Anta®Catch to immobilise endotoxins over a wide pH range, effectively catching up to 99 percent of the endotoxins. Then, the micronised ingredients—that is, substances that have a particularly small particle size—ensure optimal bioavailability.

Anta®Catch’s special triple mode of action kicks in simultaneously and it supports the formation of an intact intestinal barrier, contributes to the effective protection of the liver against endotoxins and thus promotes liver function.

Consequently, Anta®Catch comes with the promise of strong and healthy animals, top performance and animal-friendly and profitable production.

Catch, seal, detox support

Only Anta®Catch has this double activation and triple mode of action which protects poultry, ruminants, swine and fish effectively against endotoxins. This is an enormous step towards improving animal welfare and farm profitability, says the company.

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Reduced protein diets helps shed light on necrotic enteritis disease

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A new study into the role of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 (Ecobiol®)

by Juliano Cesar De Paula Dorigam, Research Manager in Poultry Nutrition, Animal Nutrition, Evonik

ecrotic enteritis disease is estimated to cost the global poultry industry US$6 billion annually (Wade and Keyburn, 2015).

To shed more light on the disease, a new study was conducted by Dr Shubiao Wu at New England University in Australia to develop an alternative treatment following the ban of antibiotic growth promoters. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a probiotic based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 in reduced crude protein (CP) diets to amend the negative impact of challenge.

Consumption of diets containing high protein not only leads to increased nitrogen content of the digesta and excreta, but also to an enhanced substrate for C. perfringens growth (Lan et al., 2005; Timbermont et al., 2011).

The experimental induction of intestinal damage to cause NE in broilers has been accomplished by infection with Eimeria before inoculation with C. perfringens (Wu et al., 2010).

Butyrate’s positive effect

Reducing dietary CP may contribute to reduced levels of C. perfringens while benefiting bacteria that use carbohydrates, for example, starch escaping digestion, as a substrate for fermentation (M'Sadeq et al., 2015).

Since B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 produces amylase for starch degradation, its supplementation may favour the 82 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

proliferation of lactic acid bacteria (Diaz, 2007).

In addition, this bacterium may cross-feed other families of bacteria that can use lactate to produce butyrate such as Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae (Onrust et al., 2015).

Butyrate is known to have a positive effect on energy metabolism and gut health (Topping and Clifton, 2001).

Therefore, the reduction of CP in combination with the use of B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 may have a synergic effect in the control of C. perfringens, avoiding major issues with necrotic enteritis.

The study results show that feeding probiotic based on B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 promoted performance and contributed to restore the performance of broiler receiving reduced dietary protein under necrotic enteritis challenge. The supplementation of the probiotic in reduced dietary protein resulted in significant lower C. perfringens in the cecum, showing a synergic effect.

In addition, the probiotic product promoted the cecal population of Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcus spp. and consequently increased cecal production of acetate, lactate and butyrate which are indicators of better gut health.

Materials and methods

Four hundred and eighty Ross 308 day-old as-hatched chicks were randomly assigned to one of the four dietary treatments with eight replicates of 15 birds each. Two basal diets were formulated.

The basal diet with ‘normal’ CP content (NCP) was composed mainly of wheat, sorghum and soybean-meal and formulated to

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Figure 1: Performance parameters evaluated in broiler chickens fed two levels of protein with or without probiotic (B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940) supplementation under necrotic challenge condition

Figure 2: Cecal bacterial content of broiler chickens fed two levels of protein with or without probiotic (B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940) under necrotic enteritis condition

meet the amino acids recommendations for starter (day 1-10), grower (day 11-24) and finisher (day 25-35) phases, which provided 23 percent CP, 21.49 percent CP, and 19.50 percent CP, respectively.

The basal diet with ‘reduced’ CP content (RCP) had two percent less CP compared to the NCP diet in each phase, which was achieved by supplementation of DLmethionine, L-Lysine HCl, L-threonine, L-valine, L-isoleucine and L-arginine.

The treatments consisted of: 1) NCP diet without probiotic; 2) NCP diet with 0.5g/ kg Ecobiol 500® (1 x 106 CFU/g of B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940); 3) RCP diet without probiotic; and 4) RCP diet with 0.5g/kg Ecobiol 500®.

All birds received the same challenge, which consisted of inoculation of 1mL Eimeria (5000 sporulated oocysts each of E. maxima and E. acervulina and 2500 of E. brunetti) at day nine and 1ml of C. perfringens (108 CFU) at days 14 and 15.

Performance data was collected to determine the overall body weight and feed conversion in the period of 35 days. Samples of 1mL of pooled cecal contents of four birds per pen were used for DNA extraction according to Kheravii et al. (2017) and the remaining cecal sample was used for volatile fatty acid determination following the method described by Jensen et al. (1995).

Data were analysed by SPSS statistics package version 22. Mean values of the treatments were compared by the Tukey test. Statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05.

The results

Body weight gain and feed conversion ratio at 35 days are presented in Figure 1.

No interactions were observed between dietary protein and the probiotic for weight gain and feed conversion, showing independent responses for both dietary protein and probiotic.

Reduction of dietary protein in challenging conditions resulted in lower weight gain and higher feed conversion, but the supplementation with probiotic was able to Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 83

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Figure 3: Volatile fatty acid content of broiler chickens fed two levels of protein with or without probiotic (B. amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940) under necrotic enteritis challenge

improve weight gain and feed conversion.

Consequently, the supplementation of probiotic in the reduced dietary protein was able to bring back the performance to a similar level as the group receiving a normal protein diet without probiotic.

The improvement in the performance could be partially explained by the decrease in the disturbance of the bacteria community in the cecum. The effect of the treatment for the main bacterial groups evaluated are presented in Figure 2.

There was an interaction between dietary protein and probiotic supplementation for C. perfringens, meaning that the combination of reduced dietary protein and probiotic supplementation provided the lowest C. perfringens content. Probiotic alone resulted in higher cecal content of Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcus spp., while dietary protein alone was not able to affect cecal bacteria population.

Certain metabolites produced by these bacterial communities, such as the fatty acids contributes to enhance gut development.

Therefore, the volatile fatty acid content in cecum was quantified and the results are presented in Figure 3. No interaction was observed between dietary protein and probiotic supplementation for the volatile fatty acids.

Broilers fed diets with probiotic presented higher cecal content of acetate, lactate and butyrate, whereas the reduction in dietary protein lead to higher cecal content of acetate and butyrate but lactate was reduced.

Enhanced starch digestion

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 is a bacterium with the ability to produce amylases to enhance starch digestion and favor the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria (Diaz, 2007), which could partially explain the higher lactic acid with probiotic supplementation but not with protein reduction alone (see Figure 3).

Both lactate and acetate produced by members of the Bifidobacterium spp. can crossfeed other families of bacteria capable of using lactate to produce butyrate such as Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae (Onrust et al., 2015; Moens et al., 2017).

Since the supplementation with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 increased both Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcacus spp. (see Figure 2) we can assume a cooperative benefit of this cross-feeding mechanism and, thus, resulting in high production of cecal, acetate and butyrate (see Figure 3).

Butyrate and acetate are known to have a positive effect on energy metabolism and gut health (Topping and Clifton, 2001) and both supplementation of the probiotic and dietary protein reduction enhanced the production of these two volatile fatty acids.

In addition, butyrate plays a big role in the control of C. perfringens (Timbermont et al., 2010) and this explains the reduction observed in our study with the combination of reduced dietary protein and inclusion of probiotic (see Figure 2).

Conclusion

The supplementation of probiotic product based on Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 promoted performance and contributed to restore the performance of broiler receiving reduced dietary protein under necrotic enteritis challenge while showing a significant decrease of cecal C. perfringens.

These benefits can be attributed to the Increase in cecal Bifidobacterium and Ruminococcus spp. as well as the production of acetate, lactate and butyrate which potentially indicate a healthier gut. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405654520300901 Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 85

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Increasing demand for high quality seeds in Russia

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by Dmitry Rozhdestvenskiy, Satake Europe Ltd, Stockport, UK

roducing seeds of the highest quality is the task set by Russian farmer Artur Movsesyan of Kuzbass, which is in the Kuznetsk Basin, located in southwestern Siberia where the West Siberian Plain meets the South Siberian Mountains.

Mr Movsesyan, who for several years had been supplying wheat, barley, rape and soybean seeds to farms not only in the Siberian Federal District of Russia - Kemerovo, Tomsk, Novosibirsk Regions, Altai and Krasnoyarsk Territories - but also farmers from other regions of the country.

Through consistently embracing new methods and developing crop management processes from 2016 through to 2018, the farm managed to almost double its yield.

“We are actively using new tillage technologies, we carefully approach the analysis of the soil in our fields, we pay great attention to nutrition and plant protection,” says Mr Movsesyan.

“We learned to get consistently high yields for 40c/ha: 43.8c/ha in 2018, 43c/ha in 2019 which was reduced by drought. The plan for 2020 is not less than 45c/ha.”

The next step for the development of the farm was to install a processing line that would be able to maximise its yield and provide customers with the highest quality seeds.

Working with local industry specialist Alfa Tried, the project was realised, and in the spring of 2020, a seed cleaning line with a capacity of 10 tonnes per hour was created on the farm. With the launch in good time for the season, 200 tonnes of seeds were processed per day and in total, the farm sold almost 5000 tonnes of seeds.

“Alfa Treid has been working in the grain-processing equipment

86 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

market for 15 years", says Leonid Shitikov, Development Director of Alfa Treid.

"During this time, we have earned a good reputation as a supplier of high-quality equipment in the region. To achieve this, we only work with global manufacturers that guarantee excellence and reliability.

“Four years ago, we signed an exclusive dealer agreement with Satake, a well-known company which produces high quality optical sorters and milling machinery.

“Since this agreement, we have supplied multiple colour sorters throughout Russia. Interestingly, we have found a lot of our customers have come to us from having issues with their current colour sorters from other manufacturers and as a result, are now seeking to invest in higher quality machinery.

“We don’t just sell machinery, we provide a bespoke package of servicing and commissioning for everyone we sell to in Russia.”

Backed by technology

Backed by the joint technological knowledge and experience of Satake and Westrup, Alfa Tried was able to offer Mr Movsesyan a bespoke solution that fitted his business needs.

The seed cleaning line includes fine cleaner and a gravity table from seed processing technology manufacturer Westrup and the latest optical sorting machine from Satake.

“With the Westrup equipment, we can calibrate seeds not only by size, but also by specific gravity: using a gravity table, we

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select the heaviest seeds with good energy and growth force,” explains Mr Movsesyan.

“For example, the nature of barley grain before the gravity table was 550-560kg/m3, after - 720-740kg/m3.”

He continues, “The Satake Rezx optical sorter efficiently removes impurities, diseased grains with darkened tips and other defects including immature and brokens.

Different grains mixed in the field, harvest or storage which are similar in colour can also be efficiently separated by the Rezx optical sorter.”

Having the Satake optical sorter in his facility also gives Mr Movsesyan the ability to sort other products grown on his farm or as a contract cleaner.

The Rezx features, including shape recognition technology, full colour cameras to see even the slightest colour differences and high-quality ejectors, allow a wide variety of products to be sorted, from small seeds to large beans.

The Satake 3S software installed on the user-friendly touch screen makes it quick and easy to set up a sort for new products and up to 50 pre-sets can be saved for future use.

“This year, the sowing campaign on the farm began on April 24th, over 12,000 hectares, 3500 tonnes of fertilizers were delivered, treated against weeds and the field was rolled after sowing. With our high-quality seeds, we got healthy, beautiful shoots.

We have a new warehouse for 10,000 tonnes of storage and now we are building another one to meet demand. The seed plant will allow us to provide our machine operators with work all year round - and we will also ship seeds in accordance with the wishes of our customers at any time of year.”

Safer and more profitable

Mr Leonid of Alfa Treid notes, “More and more farmers understand that it is safer and more profitable to purchase high-quality seeds of the highest reproduction from a trusted seed grower.

“In addition to a guaranteed harvest, the farm will also receive a federal subsidy for the seed material. FSBI "State Sort Commission" has no questions about the seeds produced by Artur Movsesyan's farm - they are all certified.

“The seed farm principally cooperates with only the originators; patent holders, plant growing institutes of the Urals, Chuvashia, Novosibirsk region, pay them royalties – five to seven percent of the selling price, and also buy seeds from official dealers of foreign varieties.”

Reflecting on the success of the project, Mr Movsesyan concludes as, “In planning the seed plant, our priorities were to pick machinery that would serve for a long time, bring reliability and most importantly - perform at the highest quality.

“In three years, we hope to recoup the costs of the equipment, installation and construction of the seed plant - we are not entitled to any support funds in this regard - neither regional nor federal. But it is Westrup and Satake equipment that allows us to obtain higher quality seeds with higher germination and this is the most valuable thing for us.”

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 87

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STORAGE

Çukurova Silo

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A one million tonne grain storage facility for Turkmenistan

by Çukurova Silo

urkish company Çukurova Silo, a global silo manufacturer that exports to more than 70 countries, has recently signed a contract to provide a massive grain storage facility with a capacity of one million tonnes for Bagtiyar Gurlushik in Turkmenistan.

“The project, from feasibility through design, engineering calculations, production and installation will be 100 percent carried out by Çukurova Silo and will be the world’s largest grain storage facility when it is completed,” says Can Demirel, Sales Manager for the company.

“Thanks to its 60,000m2 facility, its organisational structure focusing on efficiency and innovation as well as cutting-edge production lines, Çukurova Silo has become a global brand that exports to more than 70 countries from Australia to Colombia in a very short time and a respected partner for its stakeholders.” Çukurova Silo continues a successful journey with its ‘sustainable growth’ model, which includes a management model, professional human resources that it incorporates and continuously develops and technology investments in its production infrastructure.

The company is one of the few firms that has received the Turkish ‘Design Centre Authorisation’ and that applies ‘dynamism’ in it production and services provided at every stage of the business processes. It embraces cooperation between university and industry, continuously grows its partnership with academies and continues to receive technological, scientific and professional support to help it improve its production processes.

“Research and development and innovation are a part of the DNA of Çukurova Silo.

“We are aware that we have reached our current brand value thanks to the principles of analysing customer demands accurately and completely, gaining the trust and support of our business partners by prioritising customer satisfaction and interests that turn a mutually beneficial relationship into a sustainable partnership and our professional and quality

88 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

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engineering services after sales,” adds Mr Demirel. Çukurova Silo’s corporate relations with Bagtiyar Gurlushik, started in 2019 with a grain storage facility with a capacity of 50,000 tonnes. Project designs, calculations, planning as well as customer-oriented logistics and appropriate cost-benefit analyses were made from the very beginning in order to deliver the facility.

After that project was successfully delivered by Çukurova Silo, its first in Turkmenistan with a solution-oriented approach, the Bagtiyar Gurlushik firm chose the company for its new facility with a capacity of one million tonnes, says Mr Demirel.

“We have had an extensive preparation period for such a large and special project.

“First, we listened to the expectations and project targets of our customer. Then long-term feasibility studies were made and project meetings that lasted about one and a half years were held in Turkmenistan and in Turkey with the participation of managers and engineers. “Çukurova Silo engineers presented the project that they had prepared using the most advanced technologies within the sector and special solutions for such a facility, which will be the first in the world in this diameter and capacity, to the approval of our customer.

“As a result of these long and meticulous studies, Bagtiyar Gurlushik company preferred Çukurova Silo.

“The turnkey project, which we will deliver in line with the expectations of our customer, is planned as a ‘Grain Storage Facility’ complex that includes the latest silo handling system technology, silo automation, grain drying facility and grain cleaning facility.”

According to Çukurova Silo this project, which will bear the signature of the company, will be the first in the world in terms of facility size and capacity, complex design and with appeal to a wide range of regions.

Production has now started, based on advanced engineering applications for the delivery of this huge project, from feasibility and design to production, logistics and installation.

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Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 89

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Grain cooling Cost-effective conservation of crops by cooling

by Ralph E. Kolb, Dipl.-Ing.Amtzell/Ravensburg, Germany

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Grain weevil

he conservation cooling of grain, rice/ paddy and oilseeds with dry, cool air protects stored grain naturally. With a grain cooling unit, ‘winter conditions’ are created as soon as the post-harvest period begins.

It is important to quickly and effectively establish stable storage conditions for grains, rice and oilseeds in order to keep the harvest as healthy as possible. With modern technology and the correct settings, conservation cooling can also be cost effective.

Rice weevil

Lesser grain borer

Flour moth

Optimal development

No development

© FrigorTec GmbH

The grain-cooling process

90 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

20 19 18

90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

17 16 15 14 © FrigorTec GmbH

0

10

20

30

40

50

80

70

60 60

Temperature [°C] 1 2 3 4 5

Fusarium culmorum Penicilium rugulosum Penicilium cyclopidum Aspergillus versicolor Aspergillus glaucus

6 7 8 9 10

Absidia Rhizopus arrihzus Streptomyces altus Aspergillus candidus Penicilium capsulatum Talaromyces thermophilus

Rel. air humidity [%]

100 Grain’s moisture content [%]

The grain-cooling unit draws in ambient air (see Figure 1).

Once inside the unit, the air is filtered and then chilled, this dehydrates the air. The downstream hygrothermal unit warms up the cold air again using the energy removed from the air during chilling – requiring no extra energy costs, this stage dries the air.

The cold, dried air from the cooling unit is then forced through the grain by the air distribution of the on-floor storage or silo system.

As it moves through the grain, the air extracts heat and moisture, which it dissipates into the outside air through the storage system’s exhaust air opening. Once the grain has been cooled, the grain-cooling unit is switched off immediately.

This process makes grain cooling units weather-independent, however grain cooling units can be used under rainy, snowy, hot or foggy conditions.

The grain cooling unit’s fan must be dimensioned in accordance with the expected back pressure. In the case of a tower silo that

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F © FrigorTec GmbH

Exhaust

GRANIFRIGOR ™ – grain conservation

Cold, dehydrated air Heat register HYGROMAT ™-unit Air cooler Water separator High pressure fan

Air distribution

Dust filter Outside air Chilled air hose

Risks when ventilating with unconditioned outside air

Power consumption Maintenance costs Investment costs

6 kWh/tonne wheat or rice/paddy €300 (US$362)/year €0.8 (US$0.96)/tonne (amortised over 10years)

is too slender, it is more cost-effective to connect several cells in parallel to keep the back pressure in an acceptable range.

In an on-floor storage system, both the back pressure and power consumption are lower. On-floor storage systems have back pressures ranging from 600 to 1200 Pa, depending on the filling height.

When grain cooling units are used, the grain is chilled from three weeks to a maximum of six weeks, with only one to two days are required or each silo cell of grain to cool. Afterwards, the cooling unit is switched off and due to the grain’s selfinsulating property, it remains cool for seven to nine months or in the tropics, five to seven months.

Operation and settings:

The harvest enables field fungi (primary fungi) to enter the storage system. Storage fungi (secondary fungi) grow from field fungi. The metabolic products of the secondary fungi produce mycotoxins, which are capable of causing disease and death to humans and animals.

For this reason, there are strict thresholds for mycotoxins in the European Union and many other countries. Lowering the storage temperature effectively prevents storage fungi growth (see Figure 4).

In order to be adequately protected against insects, grain should be cooled to below 15 degrees Celsius, as at such temperatures, insects succumb to winter torpor (see Figure 5).

Cereal grains are hygroscopic, meaning that they can absorb or release moisture. The equilibrium between the water content of the grain and the relative humidity of the ambient air is established depending on the temperature. At equilibrium, the relationship can be displayed graphically by a moisture sorption isotherm (see Figure 6).

Ventilation with unconditioned outside air poses a risk of exposing the grain to moist and/or warm air. Condensate forms in the bulk grain and causes it to spoil. In the summer months, the ambient temperature is typically too high and cannot be used to cool grain. Ventilation with fans is completely dependent on the weather and in the Central European climate for example, they can only be used for a few hours during the day.

Requires little energy consumption

Grain cooling requires little energy consumption due to the evaporation effect. The safe storage temperature of below 15 degrees Celsius is achieved with a cooling unit immediately after the harvest within a short period of time.

To ensure low energy consumption, it is important for grain cooling units to be made with state-of-the-art technology including; frequency regulation of the cold air fan and condenser fans, fully automated control with individual operating modes, electric motors with a high efficiency rating, advantageous flow control in the device, large air filters and a summer thermostat.

Conclusion:

Serious consideration of all the economic criteria yields a typical grain cooling unit amortisation period of less than two years. However, it is much more important to consider the safeguarding of cereals, the commodity, in storage.

The use of a grain cooling unit can be viewed as a type of ‘insurance’, with the quality and quantity of the cereals ensured by means of conservation through cooling.

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 93

WORLD GRAIN & FEED MARKET REVIEW Agricultural commodities have been drawing strong fund investment interest in the opening weeks of 2021 and despite its seemingly comfortable stock backdrop, wheat has been no exception. On the fundamental (supply/demand) side, additional support has come from Russia’s attempts to curb its export trade through quotas, taxes, possibly increased use of red tape at customs too – at least until it has a clearer picture emerges of its own, so-far weather-challenged winter wheat crop. Analysts there had been warning that drought-stressed fields could face twice the normal amount of winterkill (frost damage), potentially taking almost 10 percent off the next harvest. The crop uncertainty has already driven up Russian internal and export prices, feeding inflation , and reduced its participation in some recent big tenders. So, what will Russia do next? seems to have risen to the top of the list of wheat market-making factors in recent weeks.

by John Buckley Two points need remembering in assessing Russia’s influence. One is that only in the past half decade or so has this once major importer emerged as the leading exporter. Pre-2016, its if Russia’s pullback is now contribution to the wheat trade (which has grown from the 130s to the 190 million tonnes), ranged the main driver of firm prices from four million to 21.5m. That jumped to 27.8m or 15.2% in 2016/17) and in the following and fund interest in wheat, season reached a (so-far unequalled) record 41.5m tonnes (22.5%). Along with similar growth in the market probably won’t get Ukrainian exports (from 4m to a record 21m last season) this has not surprisingly coincided with much firmer – or stay that high a smaller export market share for one-time leading supplier, the USA and strong competition for for long. other countries too – arguably the main factor in a long period (five years) of cheap wheat.

During that period, the bellwether CBOT futures price often traded at half the peak levels of the 2010-2015 period - sometimes under four/bushel). While welcomed by consumers, this has been a constant problem for farmers, frequently keeping plantings down. Nowhere was that more noticeable than in the US itself, where the sown area last year reached its lowest in at least one hundred years, possibly ever. So, bottom-line, Russia’s expected exports of 39m tonnes in the current season that ends June 30, can hardly be seen as cataclysmic. It’s still higher than the 35.2m of the previous two seasons.

The possibly disproportionate response from wheat prices reflects: A coinciding decline in Ukrainian export availability (about 3.5m less than last season’s 21m record).

Recent worries about US winter wheat crops being hit by drought (probably now easing in some areas at least but in the face of new risks from severe cold weather).

Last year’s lower than expected EU wheat crop (which is expected to reduce exports by about 12.5m tonnes or one third).

Drought reducing Argentina’s crop These factors have to be respected in the global mix of supply. But so have this season’s larger Australian and Canadian crops (in total plus 17.5m tonnes), helping world total production reach a record 773m tonnes – still more than this season’s estimated consumption needs - and world carryover stocks building to am all-time record 304m tonnes (over a third more than the average for the five years prior to 2015).

But it does Russia’s exporters no harm at this stage of the season to watch the price they’re getting on the world market rise on each bullish pronouncement about their quotas and levies. For one season, their government’s caution probably won’t much dent Russia’s ambition to portray itself (as the US has long done) as a reliable supplier. A 17.5m tonne quota was proposed for second half 2020/21 (Feb/Jun) and an approximate US$60/tonne export levy. However, Russia has since said it plans to extend the controls with a new formula-based tax into next season and thereafter, probably based on 70 percent of the difference between the wheat price and US$200/tonne.

The bottom line is that, if Russia’s pullback is now the main driver of firm prices and fund interest in wheat, the market probably won’t get much firmer – or stay that high for long. Still this has all been a useful reminder that wheat has probably been too cheap – undervalued at times during the past five or six years. If wheat can find its equilibrium around the middle of the recent price range, it may help ensure farmers keep planting and supply does not run short.

The CBOT futures front month finished 2020 at six-year-plus highs of US$6.41½/bu – up almost 15 percent on the year and in early 2021 saw another push to the US$6.90s from which it has recently retreated to the US$6.30s. But even if wheat is in danger of getting a little overbought, it may still be able to count on ‘outside’ support from firm maize and soya markets, raising value in feeds as well as exciting further ‘outside’

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investor (fund) enthusiasm for agric commodities in general. A weak dollar may also contribute to firmer prices, helping to soften the impact on importers’ ability to pay up, world prices tending to be mainly quoted in the US currency.

Prices might have held firmer if not for much needed moisture for large parts of the previously parched US winter wheat belt, where crops have been sown on a larger area and condition ratings recently improved. However, ongoing dryness in the high quality spring and durum wheat areas of Northern States needs to be watched. Hopefully the crop will also escape a recent ‘winterkill’ threat.

Sixth largest exporter Ukraine’s winter crops were reported in mostly good condition.

An Argentine port strike, chiefly affecting soya exports, recently added fuel to the wheat fire but the effect was was expected to recede after this was settled.

European traders have been hoping to cash in on shortfalls in Black Sea exports. The bloc’s second largest exporter Germany has been particularly active, filling in gaps left by top supplier France’s smaller 2020 crop. But French sales have been strong too in first half 2020/21, soaring to China and keeping their

usual strong hold on North Africa, within the limits of this yuear’s smaller French/EU crops. The bloc’s total soft wheat exports to non-EU countries are still running over 20 percent lower than year’s but Grain trader lobby Coceral expects a strong, near 12 percent rebound in next year’s EU main soft wheat crop, assuming normal weather.

Official body Abares has Australia’s crop at 31.17m and some local analysts as much as 32m versus the USDA’s recent 30m tonnes. Unusually, Australia has been selling export wheat cheaper than Russia. Canada also boosted its crop estimate to a seven-year high 35.2m.

US wheat export sales had been as much as 13 percent up on last year’s at this point versus USDA’s forecast of a mere two percent seasonal gain – but the lead dropped to four percent recently. The main gain has been to China, taking nine times as much US wheat as at this time last year and, unusually, expected to remain a key customer.

Chicago futures have next summer’s prices slightly cheaper than now and no rises all the way through to July 2022. EU milling wheat futures – recently at their own six-year highs – are also seen cheaper next year.

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Maize prices at 6½-year highs Back in the late spring of 2019, Chicago maize futures were just over US$3/bushel. In the past month they have crossed US$5 for the first time in over six years and recently traded into the US$5.70s . The US – and to some extent, the global maize market – has been responding to a dry weather threat to Latin American crops and a backdrop of global stocks at their lowest for several years. This season’s forecast total carryover of 289m tonnes sounds a lot but is 18 percent or 63m tonnes down in just four years - and two-thirds of it is off-market in China, much of that probably of questionable quality too.

The maize market within China (the world’s second largest consumer) is in tight supply and constantly in need of stock releases from its strategic reserves. So China has turned to the US to buy huge quantities – initially to fulfil a reciprocal trade pact signed with President Trump over a year ago, and latterly attempting to stop record prices for its domestic consumers getting any higher.

Brazil and Argentina have had some rain relief in recent weeks and are still forecast to harvest a record 110m and 49m tonnes respectively (versus last year’s 102m and 51m). So no supply crisis appears to be looming here – assuming they get more follow-up rains. Harvests are mostly from first quarter 2021 onward.

Traders have also been building in fourth largest exporter Ukraine’s smaller 2019 crop and third-largest Argentina recently imposing a temporary sales curb amid its own crop weather risks and government attempts to control domestic inflation.

The reduced pressure from some of its rivals has seen the US enjoy a maize sales bonanza so far this season, especially with all the new China business. So far it has sold the now top importer 17.7m tonnes against next to nothing this time last year. Some analysts think China could eventually need as much as 30m tonnes of imports (from all sources), having kept dependence down in the past with if a quota over which stiff duties apply. The China boom has helped to US to an export renaissance, its total sales for the season to date now expected to reach 65m tonnes compared with the average 48m of the previous two years, that recovery also benefiting from reduced competition from Ukraine and Argentina.

Former top importer the EU’s corn imports are still running 27 percent down on the year, well below the USDA’s forecast of 17 percent drop. But against that, main EU supplier Ukraine has a smaller supply to dispose of this season. The US has also sold a lot more this season to other importers like Japan, Taiwan, Korea, Mexico and several Latin American customers.

Consumption is seen growing, not only in China and the South American producer countries but for many smaller/moderatesized importers too.

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Analysts were also speculating new US President Biden may give some fresh stimulus to an ethanol industry that was hit hard by covid’s curbs on transport fuel use. Ethanol is expected to account for 41.5 percent of US consumption, almost as much as the animal feed sector this season. Amid improved energy markets, US ethanol production has been recovering recently towards pre-covid levels but stocks have been edging up too.

Attention is also turning now to how much US farmers can expand sowings in a year when rocketing soya prices have outperformed the coarse grain (and CBOT futures have maize seven to eight percent cheaper next season). The US arguably needs a bigger maize crop with its carryover stocks for this season expected to drop for a second year running, possibly to their lowest since 2013/14.

Stock decline continues to fuel strong soya Soybeans are facing their tightest stocks, in the US and globally, for several years along with dry weather threats to Latin American crops – the latter now accounting for over half the world’s supply.

Since the last US season ended with a smaller than expected crop, the bellwether CBOT futures market has responded with a 63 percent price surge to over US$14/ bushel (about US$515/tonne) - its highest in over six years. The speed and strength of that price rise has also owed much to the US recapturing exports it lost to top market China last year due to trade disputes that erupted under the Trump administration.

Add to that Brazil overselling its last crop to China and others and now running short of stocks in the period before the next one.

The final straw was a port strike in largest soya meal exporter Argentina which turned more global demand to the US. Soya consumers’ hopes that rains would be timely and adequate enough to rescue Lat-Am crops appeared to be answered as we went to press. US farmers are meanwhile expected to respond to these attractive prices with a huge five to seven million acre increase in their planted area this spring. If weather plays along, that could mean a giant 125m tonne crop – so the picture might look considerably looser in six to nine months’ time (as slightly cheaper forward futures markets suggest).

As things stand at time of going to press, Brazilian crop estimates are around 133/134m tonnes versus last year’s 126m record high. Argentina’s crop forecast is around 48/49m, the same as last year’s.

For this season, ending August 31, world soya meal production is forecast at 253m tonnes against last year’s 243m and the previous two seasons’ 234m tonnes. This should be adequate to meet foreseen demand growth, the bulk of which, as usual will be inside the largest user, China.

That said, US stocks of soybeans are expected to plummet on the rise in exports to China and are currently forecast to end

the season at just 3.2m tonnes – their lowest for many years (compared with 14.3m last season and 24.7m in 2018/19. This is a precariously small cushion, should anything go wrong with US planting/growing weather in the Apr/Sep period. The US Department of Agriculture is factoring in the tighter stocks (but not all the crop risk?) with average domestic price forecasts for 2021/22 of US$11.15/bu for beans (last year US$8.57) and US$400/short ton for meal (US$299.50).

On the demand side, China should remain a strong market for meal as it expands poultry flocks and recovers pig herds hit last year by African swine fever. Europe, Brazil and Argentina are also using a bit more. US crushers have meanwhile been buying further forward than usual to ensure their supplies as carryover stock estimates shrink. Traders fear a slow start to Brazilian arrivals (late planting and rain-delayed harvests) may keep demand focused on the US for longer than expected, noting Brazil’s January and February exports were expected to only a fraction of last year’s. But the rains are also helping later-sown crops in both Brazil and Argentina. But until the Lat-Am crops are in the bins and the USA’s up and growing normally, we can probably expect soya prices to stay firmer than usual for many months ahead.

Rapeseed supply squeeze intensifying?

After rising by a third in 2020, the bellwether Canadian futures market for rapeseed/canola hit yet more 13-year highs in the opening months of 2021, well in excess of C$700/tonne amid signs of even tighter than expected supplies. Canadian government body AAFC’s 2021 crop estimates – planting plus three percent, yield +2.7 percent and production plus-six percent at some 19.9m tonnes have not suppressed bulish sentiment as the 2020/21 season there is still likely to end in July with very tight stocks - just 1.2m tonnes, making a 5 percent stock/use ratio (versus last year’s 3.13m tonnes). That could dwindle even more if, as some analysts think, officials have under-estimated

old crop crush and exports. AAFC has also raised its 2020 annual average Canadian price estimate to C$635, although it sees that dipping back closer to C$600 this year if the crop expands. EU prices have risen sharply, dragged up by the Canadian market and tight supplies here. There is no sign yet of consumers reducing consumption in the face of these high costs so salvation may depend on Canada raising planted area even more, the main potential swing factor as West and East Europe’s mostly autumnsown crops are already in the ground.

World rapeseed production fell for a third year running in 2020/21 to five-year low but crush for strong oil demand has held up, drawing down global carryover stocks of the oilseed. These had been as 9.7m tonnes after harvests reached a record 75m tonnes in 2017 but could hit a 13-year low 5m by the end of the current season, main declines expected in Canada and Europe.

Rationing is demanded – but at what price will that click in?

Much will depend on how the dominant soya meal market shapes up.

The French farm ministry estimates winter sowings for 2021 were on a slightly smaller area after some dry weather during planting. However, EU grain lobby Coceral saw potential for a rebound to the bloc’s (plus UK) next crop to 17.8m from 2020’s poor 16.9m tonnes. Even then, in the wake of Ukrainian planting shortfalls for 2021 crop, the fundamentals remain snug.

China has been taking in more Canadian rapeseed, intake plus 88 percent on year at 716,400 tonnes to end October. Trade had been slashed over the previous season by a political spat.

Due to unfavourable weather. Ukraine was not expected to sow all its planned 2021 crop area, the final number seen under 1m hectares versus last year’s 1.35m according to UkrAgroConsult.

Canada’s canola crush has been running at highest monthly levels ever, over 900,000 tonnes while exports have outperformed forecast – up 50 percent on the year. Seasonal offtake could be up as much as 1m tonnes from a smaller crop.

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Industry Profile

Alapala

2

Operating uninterruptedly during the global Covid-19 crisis

020 was most certainly an extraordinary year in all aspects. In the face of challenges brought about by the global Covid-19 pandemic, businesses and economies struggled hard to maintain their operations.

By prioritising adding value and competitive edge to its customers’ businesses since 1954, Alapala is one of the leading machinery suppliers and turnkey solution providers in the grain milling industry. Thanks to its wide range of activities, services and their wide global distribution network, Alapala has been able to successfully continue its operations worldwide during this global crisis of an unprecedented scale.

Alapala builds and services turnkey plants of any desired capacity worldwide with world class engineering solutions.

Operating on the basis of a “customer- and-solution oriented” approach, Alapala has built more than 650 turnkey projects so far, whilst their equipment operates in 5,000 factories in over 120 countries across four continents.

In addition to all of this, in 2019 The Association of Machinery Exporters also listed Alapala as the top exporter in the food machinery industry. Exporting 95 percent of its production, Alapala is also featured on the 2019 Top 1000 Exporters list of the Turkish Exporters Assembly.

The company has been able to successfully complete various greenfield and turnkey modernisation projects across the globe in 2020, despite the severe effects of the pandemic.

104 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Surely, under these challenging conditions, business expertise and manufacturing excellence alone were not sufficient. In the words of Alapala Group CEO Görkem Alapala, “our management priority is always the health and safety of our employees and their families.”

Projects Commissioned in 2020

Operating in the fields of grain and feed milling technologies, grain handling and storage systems, professional support services and industrial construction, Alapala successfully commissioned eight turnkey and three modernisation projects in different parts of the world in 2020, including Europe, Africa, Asia, Canada, and the Middle East, placing substantial importance on the safety and health of its employees and partners.

Harinera Roca S.A, Spain

Established in Agramunt, Spain in 1939, Harinera Roca S.A. decided to pursue a new investment in an additional unit to be built next to the existing 120 TPD plant, as a result of the rising demand for flour in the

region.

Commissioned by Alapala in January 2020, their new mill with a 100 ton per day capacity processes local wheat and other types of grains to produce various different types of organic and traditional flour for bakeries.

The flourmill has a special diagram that allows processing

different kind of cereals like wheat, spelt, rye, etc. at different shifts upon requirement. This technology is called ‘Swing Milling’ as one of Alapala’s latest processing solutions.

Alapala Construction also supplies the steel building structure of flourmill, with this detail evident in the specialised nature of the design, supply, and construction of the industrial buildings.

Alapala completed its 650th reference project worldwide for Harinera Roca Company, Spain.

This is also one of the numerous Alapala references all over Europe that all have been completed in the last three years including France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Serbia.

Mazagan Flour Mills Company, Morocco

In January 2020, Alapala completed the installation of its newest flourmill reference in Africa for Mazagan Flour Mills Company. Mazagan Flour Mills is a family-owned company and a long-term business partner of Alapala, currently operating with a total wheat processing capacity of 900 tons in two locations in the El Jadida region.

The plant has a 300 TPD capacity and produces 3 different types of bakery flour, mainly for domestic consumption. The mill was installed in a newly built six-floor concrete building, designed and constructed in full conformity with high sanitation standards.

Equipped with the latest Alapala technology consisting of Similago II roller mills (DAVG), Quadro Plansifters with larger sieve boxes (GPAK), and control sifters (RKEM), the plant also uses an optical sorter for very fine cleaning of wheat prior to milling, to ensure the highest level of food safety.

The plant operates efficiently with an advanced automation system, which enables centralised monitoring and management of cleaning, milling, and packaging processes. The system enables the generation of detailed production reports, with real-time error diagnosis and long-distance connection features.

The first flourmill of Somalia

Alapala is very active in the African market with its local presence assured via its various branches, country offices and a wide representative network. This presence is further bolstered by numerous flour, semolina and maize mill references across the entire region (i.e. Senegal, Zambia, Angola, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique, and Ghana).

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National Flour Mills Company (NFMC)’s new plant, the first flourmill in Somalia, was commissioned by Alapala in April 2020.

With the completion of the project, NFMC started its operations at Berbera Port Region in Somalia to distribute the flour it produces all over the country.

Alapala provided the entire line of equipment and installed the flourmill plant with a capacity of 300 TPD on a turnkey basis, including four steel storage silos with a capacity of 30.000 tons.

The steel structure of the mill building was also supplied by Alapala Construction.

Having 110,000 MT of annual wheat processing capacity to produce high-quality bakery flour varieties for domestic consumption, the plant has an advanced automation system used in combination with Supervisory control and data acquisition (Scada) software.

This technology enables an excellent capacity for process control and traceability through the centralised monitoring of the entire process, from wheat intake to flour packing. This is in addition to the remote connection service for real-time error diagnosis and intervention.

Thanks to the sophisticated yield monitoring system combined with the Scada software, detailed production reports can now be generated based on the weighing data collected from six different sections.

In addition, measures were also implemented to ensure safe and hygienic product transfer within the mill. All pneumatic and mechanic transport equipment were also installed in full conformity with EU standards,

Samarkand, Namangan, and Tashkent Don Maxsulotlari JSC, Uzbekistan

The largest agricultural government organization in Uzbekistan, O’zdonmahsulot AK Group is active with a total of 58 flour mills, 114 bakery stores, 46 pasta lines, 45 feed mills, and two grain storage complexes that are located throughout the country.

Being three of the flour mills under the umbrella of O’zdonmahsulot Group, Samarkand Don, Namangan Don and Tashkent, Don Maxsulotlari’s new milling plants were commissioned by Alapala in 2020. These projects were designed on a turnkey basis which includes project design, manufacturing, and installation services.

Founded as a project developed by Kuibyshev Design Institute in 1963, Samarkand Maxulotlari JSC started its operations in a flourmill with a daily capacity of 240 tons, which was installed and commissioned in 1966.

Today, the company operates in a modern mill equipped with new technologies supplied by Alapala. This equipment is able to consistently deliver benefits such as central process monitoring, detailed reporting, and remote connection for instant error diagnosis.

The flourmill produces bakery flour for the region with a capacity of 200 TPD. The flourmill has been installed in a newly built concrete building that conforms to high sanitation standards.

As the newest existing Alapala mill in the country, Namangan 106 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Don Maxulotlari JSC was installed in April 2020, with production starting immediately. Supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, the first flourmill started production with a daily capacity of 240 tons in 1964 and it currently operates in flour and feed milling industries, with their existing flourmill plant renovated by Alapala, utilising the very latest technology.

The mill now operates efficiently with an advanced automation system that enables centralised monitoring of the entire process, from cleaning to milling, and packaging. The system is also supported by Alapala’s remote connection services.

A reliable business partner, even in times of crisis

With its wide range of capabilities, which range from remote technical support to proven turnkey expertise, Alapala can provide timely services in many different parts of the world, whilst also possessing the ability to respond efficiently to urgent problems with advanced technological tools.

Providing value and profit to its customers, Alapala adopts a customer-oriented innovative approach in all its operations worldwide, as managing a business in the face of extraordinary and unexpected developments requires agility and resilience.

Competence and expertise alone are by no means sufficient during such times. With such an approach and a powerful global network, Alapala achieved an extraordinary success by delivering a total of 11 projects in 2020. At a time when economies shrank and businesses struggled to maintain their operations whilst also doing their best to adapt to new requirements and ways of doing business, Alapala has revealed the extent of its resilience, as well as its agility.

Amidst lockdowns, travel restrictions, and significant health risks worldwide, Alapala not only kept its undergoing projects on track, but also undertook new projects, and ultimately, managed to complete them all as promised.

Paying strict attention to the health and safety of its employees, as well as its partners, Alapala took all the necessary measures to provide safe working conditions for everyone. Compliance with requirements such as wearing facemasks and observing social distancing rules, as well as all relevant regulations and legislations was ensured through competent and attentive project management practices adopted by Alapala across the globe.

With its powerful structure, planning, and management competency, Alapala completed many projects with varying capacities in many parts of the world from Europe to Africa, realising firsts along the way.

Thanks to its responsible project management practices under challenging conditions, all 11 projects with a total capacity of 3,270 ton/day were completed with no delays. This is a robust indication that Alapala is determined to meet the challenges of this crisis and move forward in full power.

As Alapala Group CEO Görkem Alapala notes, “It is important for us to maintain strong relationships with our business partners and customers. Developed over many years, these relationships are a crucial asset for us and a key source of our competitiveness and differentiation in the market.”

F CASE STUDY

CASE STUDY

New feed mill of Eon Group

W

Promising efforts to boost modern agriculture in Bangladesh

ithin the relatively short amount of time since its opening ceremony on August 3, 2019, Eon Group is already seeing the benefits of its newly built state-of-the-art floating and pelleting feed plant in Ragamara Bazar, Trisal, Mymensinh, Bangladesh.

As a fast-growing agro-based conglomerate, Eon Group provides inputs to farmers (crop and animal) based on high yield and high-quality farms. The company's services are engaged in the manufacturing, importing, and distribution of various types of products for both animal and plant agriculture, enabling customers to have farm products that are both economical and rich in quality.

With the vision of becoming a contributor commonly associated with "food security and safety" in Bangladesh, Eon Group produces products that prioritise the safety of both humans and animals. The company’s feed production process also comes with the assurance secured from their track record of producing hundreds of Halal and hygienic foods from proper quality raw materials that have been tested extensively.

Eon Group has a number of feed mills located in various parts of the country that cater for the need of the country’s farmers. After successfully adopting one hammer mill from Famsun in their old feed plant, Eon Group decided to import two processing lines from Famsun for its new feed plant in 2017.

An advanced and practical feed mill

There have two processing lines for the new factory. One is a 5-6TPH extrusion line designed specifically for the production of high quality micro floating fish feed (0.6-4.0mm), with a SJPS120×2 Extruder, a SKGD2000-8 Dryer and a PTCL2000 Vertical Coater as the key machines. The other is a 10-12TPH pelleting line where the balanced nutrition diet is pressed into high quality poultry feed or sinking fish feed via a Famsun SZLH650×175 Pellet Mill. This is a fully computer-controlled plant, which is very much beneficial to productivity, as well as preventing human error.

108 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

When talking about the specialty of the machine, Chief Operating Officer of Animal Agriculture Business of Eon Group Mr. Hasan Mahmud told local professional media on the opening ceremony, "this is the first vertical coater in Bangladesh market imported to Eon Group, which is very high-tech technology and it can spray one to seven percent oil with high efficiency, manufactured by FAMSUM." Besides the provision of excellent machines, Famsun delivered this project to Eon Group with well considered engineering design.

The allowance of enough space and smooth passes are designed to ensure safe, convenient operations and maintenance in the workshops, whilst reducing the costs of steel structure fabrication, such as maintenance platform and walkways in as many places as possible.

Given the frequent unscheduled power cuts in Bangladesh, the process systems are designed to be more agile to protect equipment from hard shutdown, as well as the capability to restore production smoothly with minimised material waste.

Famsun in Bangladesh: Collaboration and localisation

Famsun delivered this project in cooperation with local civil construction company and its engineering and service partnering teams. Installation of the two production lines was completed on schedule within 150 days and executed strictly under the guidance of Famsun local engineering expert.

All work was completed according to Flawless Project Delivery (FPD) system - a unique, well-proved standardised tool that Famsun has developed to achieve optimal results and systematic success for customers in project delivery, no matter where to build and by whom, Famsun or its local partners.

Famsun has been supporting Bangladesh agro industries for technological development since 2004. During this period, Famsun cooperated with most of all largest feed mill companies by establishing in excess of 65 production lines for broiler feed, layer feed, sinking/floating fish feed, cattle feed, soybean extrusion as well as grain dryers and storage silos of different sizes in Bangladesh.

The Famsun Bangladesh team will continue to serve customers with leading global technology solutions and most accurate and localised experience to help local agro industries thrive.

CASE STUDY F

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Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 109

INDUSTRY EVENTS 2021

March

18-20 Ildex Vietnam 2020 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam https://www.ildex-vietnam.com

Learn more – Learn onsite

Enroll in the 12-week Winter Course

9-11 AFIA Purchasing and Ingredient Suppliers Conference 2021 Orlando, Florida, USA www.afia.org 10-11 The Aquafeed Extrusion Conference Online mymag.info/e/989 10-13 IAOM Eurasia 2021 İstanbul, Turkey www.iaom-eurasia.info POSTPONED - DATE TBC 10-12 VIV Asia 2021 Bangkok, Thailand www.vivasia.nl POSTPONED UNTIL 22-24 SEPTEMBER 2021

☑

August 6-9 GEAPS Exchange 2021 Columbus, Ohio, USA www.geapsexchange.com

19-21 Rice Market and Technology Convention 2021 Panama www.ricemtconvention.com

17-19 AFIA Purchasing & Ingredient Suppliers Conference 2021 Orlando, Fla, USA www.afia.org/events/pisc-2021/

26-28 Livestock Philippines 2021 Pasay City, Philippines www.livestockphilippines.com

29-2 125th Anniversary IAOM Conference and Expo Little Rock, Arkansas, USA www.iaom.org/annualmeeting/

27-29 Agritechnica Asia 2021 Bangkok, Thailand www.agritechnica-asia.com 2021

2021

2021

September 7-9 50th AFIA Liquid Feed Symposium Chicago, Illinois, USA www.afia.org

June 8-9 IGC Grains Conference 2021 Online www.igc.int/en/conference/confhome.aspx

14-17 SPACE 2021 Rennes, France uk.space.fr

10-12 VIV Turkey 2021 Istanbul, Turkey www.vivturkey.com

10-13 Mill Tech Istanbul 2021 Istanbul, Turkey www.milltechistanbul.com POSTPONED UNTIL 20-23 OCTOBER, 2021 18-20 IDMA and VICTAM EMEA 2021 Istanbul, Turkey www.idmavictam.com POSTPONED UNTIL 27-29 MAY 2021

22-24 VIV Asia 2021 Bangkok, Thailand www.vivasia.nl

29-31 16th ICC Cereal and Bread Congress Christchurch, New Zealand www.icbc2020.icc.or.at 2021

April 11-13 PIX AMC Gold Coast, Australia www.pixamc.com.au 26-30 Agrishow Brazil Ribeirão Preto, Brazil www.agrishow.com.br

2021

May 5-7 FIGAP 2021 Guadalajara, Mexico www.figap.com 6-7 3rd Agrifood International Congress Online www.agrifoodporttarragona.com

☑ = Meet the Milling and Grain team at this event 110 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

2021

16-17 Solids Dortmund 2020 Dortmund, Germany www.easyfairs.com Postponed from 24-25 June to 17-18 March

13-15 Vietstock 2021 Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam www.vietstock.org 2021

November 17-18 JTIC 2021 Dijon, France en.jtic.eu

30–1 July Cereals 2021 Lincolnshire, UK www.cerealsevent.co.uk The Cereals Event has moved to June 30–July 1, 2021 in order to accommodate the maximum number of visitors and exhibitors following the UK Government’s announcement of its lockdown exit strategy.

After extensive consultation with both exhibitors and visitors the event team decided it was best to move the dates from June 9-10 to June 30–July 1, 2021.

“We began consulting after Boris Johnson’s announcement on 22 February to end lockdown restrictions in England by 21 June,” says event organiser, Alli McEntyre.

The event format will remain the same, meaning visitors can still expect to see a large host of exhibitors, live demonstrations and attend a full seminar programme.

October

23-25 VIV MEA 2021 Abu Dhabi, UAE www.vivmea.nl 24-26 Ildex Indonesia 2021 Jakarta, Indonesia www.ildex-indonesia.com 2021

December 10-12 Agri Livestock 2021 Yangon, Myanmar www.agrilivestock.net

TAKE YOUR PLACE IN POWER UNION

YOU

27-29 MAY 2021

Istanbul Expo Center, Hall 5-6-7 Yesilköy - Istanbul / Turkey

9th INTERNATIONAL

Flour, Feed, Corn, Semolina, Rice, Bulghur Milling Machinery & Pulses, Pasta, Biscuit Technologies Exhibiion

www.idmavictam.com

9th Internaaonal Flour, Feed, Corn, Semolina, Rice, Bulghur Milling

Machinery and Pulses, Pasta, Biscuit Technologies Exhibiion

INDUSTRY EVENTS

GEAPS delivers on mission with outstanding Virtual Conference

by Tom Sedlacek, GEAPS February 23-25, 2021 sees the Grain Elevator and Processing Society completes its first ever virtual conference, successfully executing the organisation’s mission to advance grain industry knowledge and information sharing through a network of global agriculture professionals.

Drawing 340 global attendees from seven countries and 159 companies together, which are impressive numbers given the current circumstances. Those in attendance enjoyed a full range of educational sessions, a virtual trade show and networking lounges.

As an international professional association of grain handling and processing professionals the Grain Elevator and Processing Society (GEAPS) addresses the industry’s critical grain handling, storage and processing operations needs.

This role is fulfilled with the provision 112 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

of networking, professional development programs and access to a global marketplace of industry suppliers.

GEAPS’ global network includes more than 2,500 individual members from well over one thousand different companies.

Opportunities for self-improvement

GEAPS International President Jeff Jones, MKC, is proud of the way GEAPS pivoted to produce an online event, with 16 of the company’s employees in attendance at the event.

“This conference was filled with opportunities for self-improvement and personal growth, as well as industry tips and tricks.

I’m excited to take several of the ideas back and implement them with my team,” says Mr Jones, “MKC put an emphasis on training like this. Our team has already had several conversations around implementing what we learned.”

The educational sessions with the highest attendance included the Opening Keynote: BE! ICONIC OR BE! GONE – BE! UNIQUE, the Virtual Idea Exchange, a Leadership Workshop: Change is Fuel and a session that focussed on Solving the Biggest Challenges in Agribusiness Through Innovation and Technology.

On the subject of the Virtual Idea exchange, next month’s Milling and Grain magazine will dedicate a full section to all of the key products that featured in this section of this year’s GEAPS Exchange.

In addition to the educational element, attendees also exchanged 650 messages on the virtual platform, with well in excess of 300 appointments with exhibitors also attended.

GEAPS First Vice President Barb Grove, Central Valley Ag Cooperative, has expressed how impressed she was at the energy of the opening keynote every morning, as well as the positive energy that she encountered in the sessions.

Over the course of three days, she attended a balance of leadership and operations sessions that she says helped her to grow in many different ways.

“I loved the interactive nature of the education sessions. We were able to ask questions as they came up and interact with other attendees,” Ms Grove says, “One person’s question or comment could spur conversation from others, and it was a very supportive environment for feedback.

I think there is a lot of opportunity for GEAPS chapters to build off this event and host more virtual chapter meetings.

We could really drive engagement by embracing more technology.”

GEAPS Executive Director Steve Records noted how the online conference delivered on GEAPS’ mission to advance grain industry knowledge through a global network of agricultural professionals.

“Two-thirds of our attendees were GEAPS members,” says Mr Records. “It was excellent to see our network come together on this virtual platform, building their skills together.

The conversations and the encouragement felt just like a GEAPS meeting on a grand scale. We are going to continue planning ways for the industry to connect virtually and we are very excited to host our in-person conference this summer.”

GEAPS Exchange 2021 is scheduled to take place Aug. 6-9 in at the Greater Columbus Convention Center in Columbus, Ohio.

WE ARE OTTEVANGER We engineer, manufacture, build and manage your complete project in the cereal processing industry. www.ottevanger.com

¡Estamos listos para recibirte!

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 113

Elevator & conveyor components 4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

To be included into the Market Place, please contact Tuti Tan at tutit@perendale.co.uk

Air products Kaeser Kompressoren +49 9561 6400 www.kaeser.com

Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com

FAWEMA +49 2263 716-0 www.fawema.com

Consergra s.l +34 938 772207 www.consergra.com FrigorTec GmbH +49 7520 91482-0 www.frigortec.com

ERKAYA +90 312 395 2986 www.erkayagida.com.tr

Geelen Counterflow +31 475 592315 www.geelencounterflow.com

Mühlenchemie GmbH & Co KG +49 4102 202 001 www.muehlenchemie.com

Grain technik +91 114608 9500 https://graintechnik.com

Bearings

FAMSUN +86 85828888 www.famsungroup.com

NACHI EUROPE GmbH +90 216 688 4457 www.nachi.com

Sukup +1 641 892 4222 www.sukup.com

Bulk storage Bentall Rowlands +44 1724 282828 www.bentallrowlands.com

Wenger Manufacturing +1 785-284-2133 www.wenger.com

Lambton Conveyor +1 519 627 8228 www.lambtonconveyor.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Silo Construction & Engineering +32 51723128 www.sce.be

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Silos Cordoba +34 957 325 165 www.siloscordoba.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Cereal and pulse conditioning Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

Colour sorters Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Coolers & driers

Bakery improvers

TSC Silos +31 543 473979 www.tsc-silos.com

Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

TMI +34 973 25 70 98 www.tmipal.com

Sukup +1 641 892 4222 www.sukup.com

Maxi-Lift Inc +1 972 735 8855 www.maxilift.com

Computer software

Bagging systems

Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com

Lambton Conveyor +1 519 627 8228 www.lambtonconveyor.com

Satake +81 82 420 8560 www.satake-group.com

Amino acids Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH +49 618 1596785 www.evonik.com/animal-nutrition

Henry Simon +44 0161 804 2800 www.henrysimonmilling.com

Cimbria Srl +39 0542 361423 www.cimbria.com

Dosing Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Elevator buckets 4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com Maxi-Lift Inc +1 972 735 8855 www.maxilift.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Enzymes ERKAYA +90 312 395 2986 www.erkayagida.com.tr Mühlenchemie GmbH & Co KG +49 4102 202 001 www.muehlenchemie.com PLP +39 05 23 89 16 29 www.plp-systems.com

Extruders Almex +31 575 572666 www.almex.nl Andritz +45 72 160300 www.andritz.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Extru-Tech Inc. +1 785 284 2153 www.extru-techinc.com Manzoni +55 19 3765 9331 www.manzoni.com.br Wenger Manufacturing +1 785-284-2133 www.wenger.com Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Feed nutrition

Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

Adisseo + 33 1 46 74 70 00 www.adisseo.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Biomin +43 2782 8030 www.biomin.net

Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH +49 618 1596785 www.evonik.com/animal-nutrition

Aybakar AS +90 312 398 0247 www.aybakar.com.tr

PHIBRO +1 201 329 7300 www.pahc.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Feed milling Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl FAMSUN +86 85828888 www.famsungroup.com Milltech Tel: +90 332 502 13 00 www.milltech.com.tr Ottevanger Milling Engineers +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com PLP +39 05 23 89 16 29 www.plp-systems.com Wynveen +31 26 47 90 699 www.wynveen.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com Viteral +90 332 2390 141 www.viteral.com.tr Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com/eng

Feed Mill Automation Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Flour Improvers Mühlenchemie GmbH & Co KG +49 4102 202 001 www.muehlenchemie.com

Grain handling systems Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Cimbria A/S +45 96 17 90 00 www.cimbria.com Lambton Conveyor +1 519 627 8228 www.lambtonconveyor.com Sukup Europe +45 75685311 www.sukup-eu.com Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Hammermills Alapala +90 212 465 60 40 www.alapala.com

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl Ottevanger Milling Engineers +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com Selis +90 222 236 12 33 www.selis.com.tr Viteral +90 332 2390 141 www.viteral.com.tr Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com Wynveen +31 26 47 90 699 www.wynveen.com Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Genç Degirmen +90 444 0894 www.gencdegirmen.com.tr Henry Simon +44 0161 804 2800 www.henrysimonmilling.com IMAS - Milleral +90 332 2390141 www.milleral.com Ocrim +39 0372 4011 www.ocrim.com Ottevanger Milling Engineers +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com Sangati Berga +55 11 2663 9990 www.sangatiberga.com.br Satake +81 82 420 8560 www.satake-group.com Selis +90 222 236 12 33 www.selis.com.tr

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Silo Construction & Engineering +32 51723128 www.sce.be

Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com/eng

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Laboratory equipment Bastak +90 312 395 67 87 www.bastak.com.tr ERKAYA +90 312 395 2986 www.erkayagida.com.tr Perten Instruments +46 8 505 80 900 www.perten.com Tekpro +44 1692 403403 www.tekpro.com

Loading/un-loading equipment Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl

Wynveen +31 26 47 90 699 www.wynveen.com Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com Zaccaria +55 19 3404 5700 www.zaccaria.com.br

Moisture measurement Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Hydronix +44 1483 468900 www.hydronix.com Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

Mycotoxin management

Neuero Industrietechnik +49 5422 95030 www.neuero.de

Adisseo + 33 1 46 74 70 00 www.adisseo.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Biomin +43 2782 8030 www.biomin.net

Vigan Engineering +32 67 89 50 41 www.vigan.com

Mill design & installation Alapala +90 212 465 60 40 www.alapala.com ASG Group (Degirmen Makine) +90 342 357 01 50 www.degirmen.com

Packaging Aybakar AS +90 312 398 0247 www.aybakar.com.tr Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl

115 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

FAWEMA +49 22 63 716 0 www.fawema.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com TMI +34 973 25 70 98 www.tmipal.com

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Fundiciones Balaguer, S.A. +34 965564075 www.balaguer-rolls.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com

ASG Group (Degirmen Makine) +90 342 357 01 50 www.degirmen.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Alapala +90 212 465 60 40 www.alapala.com

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl

ASG Group (Degirmen Makine) +90 342 357 01 50 www.degirmen.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Filip GmbH +49 5241 29330 www.filip-gmbh.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Pelleting Technology Netherlands (PTN) +3 73 54 984 72 www.ptn.nl

Gazel +90 364 2549630 www.gazelmakina.com

Genç Degirmen +90 444 0894 www.gencdegirmen.com.tr

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

IMAS - Milleral +90 332 2390141 www.milleral.com

Viteral +90 332 239 01 41 http://viteral.com.tr

Henry Simon +44 0161 804 2800 www.henrysimonmilling.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Milltech Tel: +90 332 502 13 00 www.milltech.com.tr

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Ocrim +39 0372 4011 www.ocrim.com

Plant Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Pelleting Technology Netherlands (PTN) +3 73 54 984 72 www.ptn.nl

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Pingle +86 311 88268111 www.plflourmill.com

Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com/eng

Selis +90 222 236 12 33 www.selis.com.tr

Process control Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

116 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Sifters

Roller mills

Pellet press

Ottevanger Milling Engineers +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com

NorthWind +1 785 284 0080 www.northwindts.com

Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com

TMI +34 973 25 70 98 www.tmipal.com

Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com

Scalling

Rolls

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Palletisers

Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Roll fluting Fundiciones Balaguer, S.A. +34 965564075 www.balaguer-rolls.com

Reclaim system

Selis +90 222 236 12 33 www.selis.com.tr

Silos Behlen Grain Systems +1 900 553 5520 www.behlengrainsystems.com A/S Cimbria +45 9617 9000 www.cimbria.com CSI +90 322 428 3350 www.cukurovasilo.com Lambton Conveyor +1 519 627 8228 www.lambtonconveyor.com MYSILO +90 382 266 2245 www.mysilo.com

Obial +90 382 2662120 www.obial.com.tr

Silo Construction & Engineering +32 51723128 www.sce.be

Silos Cordoba +34 957 325 165 www.siloscordoba.com

Sukup +1 641 892 4222 www.sukup.com

Symaga +34 91 726 43 04 www.symaga.com

Top Silo Constructions (TSC) +31 543 473 979 www.tsc-silos.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Temperature monitoring Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com

Training Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

29TH PRINT EDITION COMING SOON!

IAOM +1 913 338 3377 www.iaom.info IFF +495307 92220 www.iff-braunschweig.de Kansas State University +1 785 532 6161 www.grains.k-state.edu

PERENDALE PUBLISHER'S INTERNATIONAL MILLING DIRECTORY 29 WILL BE SOON AVAILABLE IN PRINT AND ONLINE. With close to 30 years of publication behind it, the International Milling & Grain Directory (better known as the IMD) is a high-visibility, high-prestige directory for your company to appear in if you are selling products or services to millers.

The IMD enjoys a global reach of more than 50,000 readers.

nabim +44 2074 932521 www.nabim.org.uk

New for IMD 29 you will find fascinating articles drawn from our sister publication, Milling and Grain. These articles provide real world examples from each different milling specialty, including interviews with leading industry figures, case studies based on visits to flour mills, feed mills and grain storage and handling manufacturers around the world.

Ocrim +39 0372 4011 www.ocrim.com

Contact the team:

Vibrators Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

Weighing equipment Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com PLP +39 05 23 89 16 29 www.plp-systems.com TMI +34 973 25 70 98 www.tmipal.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

Yeast products Leiber GmbH +49 5461 93030 www.leibergmbh.de

Tuti Tan tutit@internationalmilling.com Mehmet Ugur Gürkaynak mehmetg@perendale.com

UPDATE: With an alarming number of trade shows continuing to announce their postponement, the effects of Covid-19 look set to stay with us well into 2021.

With this in mind, it is now more vital than ever for you to use alternative channels to stay in touch with your existing and potential customer base.

With close to 30 years of forging connections and with a global reach of more than 50,000 readers, the International Milling & Grain Directory (IMD) is your high-visibility, high-prestige partner that will help your products or services to reach the right people.

The soon to be released IMD 29 is set to feature a fascinating blend of engaging articles drawn from our sister publication Milling and Grain magazine, that includes interviews from leading industry figures and reports from visits to flour mills, feed mills and companies that specialise in grain storage and handling.

With the variety and quality of the articles featured truly bringing the real world expertise and experience from each of the different areas of milling to life, your product or service will brought to the attention of the IMD’s vast and enthusiastic readership.

For all enquiries, please do not hesitate to contact the team, who are always happy to help with any questions.

The International Milling Directory is free to join if you are a supplier company.

List your company, products and services today!

If you would like to order a print copy of the Directory, please visit our website at:

internationalmilling.com

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 117

AURORA PLANSIFTER Exceptional Hygiene Efficiency

AURORA Plansifter is designed to comply with highest sanitation standards. Stainless steel food-grade contact surfaces, smoothened corners, high-quality fittings, and insulation, which guarantee the best possible sanitation with efficiency.

AURORA is also available with plastic sieve boxes.

myMAG PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FEATURED IN THIS ISSUE

What is The Market Place The Market Place is a collaboration between Milling and Grain magazine and our sister titles, The International Milling Directory and The Global Miller.

The Market Place aims to connect the print and the digital world, bringing more content that will be of interest, as well as direct links to the content that you want to see.

Throughout this edition of the magazine you will find QR codes and myMAG links that can link to various content from all three publications.

MAG TV MAG TV is Milling and Grain magazine’s video channel.

Featuring content about new products, interviews with industry professionals, industry event content and much more

P

Advertised products in this issue

99

4B Braime Elevator Components Ltd

mymag.info/e/37

myMAG links myMAG links are shortened hyperlinks that will take you directly to content when typed into a browser

56

Neuero Industrietechnik (Germany)

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22

Obial /ALTUNTAS HAVALANDIRMA TURIZM SAN TIC A.S.

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PROFILE

118

Alapala Makina Gida San. ve Tic. A.S.

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82

Ocrim

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105

Altinbilik

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21

PTN

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28

Anderson

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25

Ottevanger Milling Engineers

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107

Andritz (Denmark)

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42

Almex

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Aybakar Dis Ticaret A.S

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Ozpolat Makina Gida San. ve Tic. A.S.

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109

Parantez Group

32

Pavan Group

myMAG.info/e/267

6

Pingle Group - Hebei Pingle Flour Machinery Group Co. Ltd.

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85, 87, 89 Bastak Gida Makine Medikal 102

Behlen Mfg Co

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45

Biomin Holding GmbH (Austria)

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86

Brock Grain Systems

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124

Buhler (Switzerland)

myMAG.info/e/90

54

PLP Liquid Systems srl

myMAG.info/e/140

95

Port Tarragona

myMAG.info/e/712

67

Romer Labs Division Holding GmbH

2

Satake (Japan)

myMAG.info/e/304

80

Cimbria (Denmark)

myMAG.info/e/592

69

COFCOET (Xi'an) International Engineering Co., Ltd

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31

Consergra

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77

SCE

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CSI

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Selis Makina Endustri VE TICARET LTD. STI.

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37

Degirmencioglu Makina San. Tic. Ltd. Sti

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97

Shandong Jintai Rolls Co.,Ltd

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111

Dinnissen

myMAG.info/e/316

48

Silos Cordoba

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44

Erkaya Laboratory Instruments Co

myMAG.info/e/173

71

Stern-Wywiol Gruppe

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35

Evonik Degussa (Germany)

myMAG.info/e/113

4

Sukup Manufacturing

myMAG.info/e/156

FAMSUN

myMAG.info/e/121

58

Symaga (Spain)

myMAG.info/e/153

34

FILIP GmbH

myMAG.info/e/114

9

Tapco

myMAG.info/e/159

26

FrigorTec

myMAG.info/e/7288

19, 23

TekPro

myMAG.info/e/309

11

Fundiciones Balaguer

myMAG.info/e/305

100

The Essmueller

myMAG.info/e/161

52

FAWEMA

myMAG.info/e/603

27, 123

94

Gazel Degirmen Makinalari San. TIC. LTD. STI.

myMAG.info/e/182

61

Genc Degirmen

myMAG.info/e/606

29

ThermoNox GmbH

myMAG.info/e/1032

Van Aarsen International B.V.

myMAG.info/e/162

40

Guttridge

myMAG.info/e/853

101

76

Hamlet Protein A/S

myMAG.info/e/1012

72

VAV Conveyor Components & Solutions

myMAG.info/e/10422

16

Vibrafloor

myMAG.info/e/664

17

Henry Simon

myMAG.info/e/608

64

Hydronix

myMAG.info/e/3322

5

Vigan Engineering

myMAG.info/e/166

13

Wenger (US)

myMAG.info/e/168

29

Yemmak

myMAG.info/e/170

20

Yemtar

myMAG.info/e/8488

41

Imas

myMAG.info/e/119

3

Jiangsu ZhengChang Cereal Oil and Feed Machinery Co.,Ltd

myMAG.info/e/189

66

Koyuncu Sanayi Fircalari Tekstil Plastik San. Tic.Ltd.Sti.

myMAG.info/e/932

18

Yenar Döküm A.S.

myMAG.info/e/171

38

Lambton Conveyor Ltd

myMAG.info/e/123

60

Zaccaria

myMAG.info/e/671

43

Zhengzhou Golden Grain Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd

myMAG.info/e/1031

73

Nabim

myMAG.info/e/306

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 119

the interview

Ron and Mildred Cookson

Ron and Mildred hail from a part of NW England known as ‘Windmill Land.’ Unsurprisingly, when they moved to Reading west of London in 1968, Mildred soon found their nearest windmill at Lacey Green near High Wycombe and became active in helping to rescue what was a ruin in danger of collapse.

Nearer to home, the mediaeval watermill on the Thames at Mapledurham had just been repaired. Mildred rapidly became Britain’s only female watermiller, running the mill by herself for 30 years. She also rose to prominence in the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings as chairman of their Mills Section and for the last decade a trustee.

In 2001 they identified the need for a specialist archive and library to look after images and documents relating to the history of milling. Ron, recently retired from the pharmaceutical industry, volunteered to set this up as an independent charity. The Trust, started with just Mildred’s collection, is now caring for some four million items from 270 collections. Ron was honoured MBE by the Queen in 2010, but their proudest moments were the Archive’s award of National Accreditation in 2016 and its recent Queen’s Award for Voluntary Service.

Mildred and Ron Cookson, welcome. I understand Mildred that you initiated the setting up of the Mills Archive Trust in the UK. Can you tell us a little about that?

Mildred: Back in 2001 I was worried that there was no depositary at all for a collection of milling materials I had going back many years. We talked to others about this and we realised that there was nothing in the UK capable of looking after historic milling documents and items properly so we decided in 2002 to set up the Mills Archive Trust. It started from home before moving to Wallington House in Reading.

Traveling to many countries as a traditional miller I saw roller mills and it made me realise that things had evolved and nothing had been done about recording this transition. There is nowhere in the whole world doing what we are doing here in the UK today, gathering information on milling technology and milling people. It’s been wonderful. We now have over 400 collections and more than four million images and other items.

Ron, from Mildred’s vision about evolution in milling, how important is the international aspect of milling to the Mills Archive Trust?

Ron: It’s stunning how we are attracting international attention. From a family problem to a national issue, we had then realised that there is a lot of international material that had no home. A lot of people seem to think the history of milling stopped around 1900 with windmills and water mills. Here, there are two fundamental issues; one being contemporary relevance. History is about today not what happened 200 or 2000 years ago. The other is that milling is not just British, while we are based in Britain we have a website that in an average year is attracting well over 200,000 new visitors and they are coming from 150 countries.

The Archive is very interested in recording the international development of milling.

How important to the Archive is the individual in terms of recorded history?

Ron: One of the things that helps us do so well is the telling of stories about people. Underneath it all we can stimulate interest around the people involved in milling, the problems they had to face and how they overcame them and what impact that had.

We know the Milling Hall of Fame, and we have been developing our own recognition of individuals which we are calling ‘Hidden Heros’. We are looking for stories about people who are hidden away and people who have been forgotten, but who may have made major contributions to milling.

120 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Would you be able to point to an example of such a person?

Ron: This book I came across is amazing. It’s ‘Seeing for Yourself’ by E. Cora Hind. She comes from Canada, born 1861 and passed away in 1944 or 1945. As a women in Canada at that time men had all the power and influence, but she became an authority on the yield of grains - around the world. Within a space of 10 years, before the Second World War, she became the Canadian national authority on grain yields. When she died the Winnipeg Grain Exchange had a two-minute silence in her honour. It’s magical that this one woman was able to do so much. Just telling that story gets you thinking about a subject that you might not have thought about before.

Moving on to the Milling Hall of Fame. Our magazine introduced the idea (it was my colleague James Taylor in our office who originally suggested it) and with the support of Mühlenchemie set up the physical Hall. Following our first inductee last year we are making a second presentation on March 20 which is World Flour Day to this year’s inductee. Would the Mills Archive Trust keep a record for prosperity of those who are inducted into the Milling Hall of Fame?

Mildred: We would be delighted too. We already have the Milling and Grain Room which is housing the Rex Wails Collection.

Ron: We are doing the similar things, we are preaching about the value of people contributing to milling and feeding the world and addressing the whole set of issues that go with that. This has the opportunity to say thank you to certain people during their lifetime. We would be very happy to keep records of everything you give us and persevere it prosperity. We are not doing this for this year and next year but for the next generation and the one after that, by recorfding stories now which may be relevant to those in 2080 and beyond.

Are people and industry outside the UK important to the UK’s Mills Archive? Should we be asking them to consider forwarding collections to your Archive.

Ron: Absolutely. In fact one of the first collections we received was from an ex-pat who had gone to the United Sates and found there was no place for his work as a millwrite and would we take his work. That was 15 or so years ago. Of course, it’s about American mills but the material is easy to make available as we are all digitally connected.

We have all the records in properly stored but we can use copies and make them available digitally. Our investment

is on the digital side in making these materials available to as many people as possible.

Mildred: That’s what has happened with the Rex Wails collection. He travelled widely. In Finland he took hundreds of photographs and the Finnish Government were over the moon when they saw what we had done with them. We are connecting people around the world all the time.

Finally, you are a registered charity, you are a recognised and authorised archive in the UK and you’re looking for support outside the UK. Is that a fair observations?

Ron: We are looking for international support now. For example, we have one of the best collections on Islamic mills in the world as one of our trustees was a specialist in that part of the world.

Our outlook is international and our products are as well.

Thank you very much for organising the support of the Mills Archive Trust for the Milling Hall of Fame.

Milling and Grain - March 2021 | 121

PEOPLE THE INDUSTRY FACES Hamlet Protein appoints Benelux Area Manager

H

amlet Protein, the global leader in soy protein specialties for young animal nutrition, is continuing to strengthen its commercial team.

With the appointment of Kurt Desmet as Area Sales Manager Benelux, the company further confirms its commitment to customer centricity, as it invests in local resources.

“Our ambition is to become a strategic partner in young animal nutrition for producers and exporters in the Benelux,” comments Jan Kamphof, Regional Director EMEA. Mr Desmet has gained experience in piglets, chicks, and veal in various multinational companies throughout his career. “I am excited to join Hamlet Protein and help drive the ambitious growth agenda.

Young animal nutrition is key in driving performance throughout the lifecycle of the animal and Hamlet Protein’s products have a proven track record in making a difference,” says Mr Desmet.

Satake (Thailand) appoints Koji Yamamoto as Company President

S

atake Thailand recently appointed Koji Yamamoto as its company president. He will be leading one of the main manufacturing facilities of the Satake group.

Mr Yamamoto was born and raised in Hiroshima prefecture, Japan, and earned his master’s degree in Industrial Chemistry, from Hiroshima University. He began his career at Satake in 1992 and has spent 22 years working in rice milling engineering.

He has also spent two years in the UK and seven years in Thailand as a rice-milling specialist. Since 2017, he has supported Satake’s oversea group companies as the Head of International Management Office at the corporate head office.

“Quality is the top priority of Satake’s products. My mission is to pursue efficiency of manufacturing processes while ensuring our equipment maintains a standard which exceeds customer expectations,” says Mr Yamamoto.

Satake Europe Ltd. appoints Kaoru Kawate as Managing Director

W

ith his recent appointment as the Managing Director of Satake Europe, Kaoru Kawate will be leading its operation, which covers the entirety of Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Russia.

Mr Kaoru grew up in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan, and obtained his BS in Business Administration from the University of Evansville, US. Since he joined Satake in 1996, Mr Kaoru has gained almost 25 years of experience in international business and corporate management.

“Together with my experienced team, customer-oriented services, and Satake’s quality products, we will further develop sales networks in regions where we can make an impact with our unique food processing technology,” notes Mr Kaoru.

U.S. Wheat Associates announces changes to its South Asian marketing team

U

.S. Wheat Associates (USW) announces that Regional Vice President for South Asia Matt Weimar plans to retire on August 31, 2021, after 34 years with the export market development organisation.

Current Regional Vice President for Philippines and Korea Joe Sowers will take Weimar’s position and move from Manila, Philippines, to USW’s South Asian regional office in Singapore.

“We cannot thank Matt Weimar enough for his work building U.S. wheat export demand in China and South Asia,” says USW President Vince Peterson. “He developed trusted relationships and goodwill with China’s milling and baking industries that will keep benefiting wheat producers into the future.

Over the past several years he has applied that experience in helping our team position U.S. wheat as the preferred source of flour for hundreds of wheat food products across South Asia.”

122 | March 2021 - Milling and Grain

Creating the future of milling.

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This starts with the construction and operation of a mill with less. And goes on with producing more with the same. Just as we do with our solutions and numerous pioneering digital services.

Got a question? Let’s talk about it. milling@buhlergroup.com Explore unlimited opportunities at the Bühler Virtual World 22-26 March 2021 virtual.buhlergroup.com

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