DEC 2021 | Milling and Grain magazine by Perendale Publishers

December 2021

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- Bringing more light to the Wheat State

Australian artist softens the industrial aesthetic in US city of Salina

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Milling and Grain . Volume 132 . Issue 12 . December 2021

- COP26 & The “greening finance” roadmap

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58 3-in-1 simultaneous sorting solution: Boosting quality & efficiency for Chilean walnut exporter

60 The Superior is back: Ocrim's compact mill that combines functionality with beauty in design

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- How to adapt manufacturing, service and supply systems to turn stress into success

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50 When drugs won’t work - The ongoing journey toward an antibioticresistant future

- Producing algae proteins for animal feed from CO2

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- Oat drinks: The environmentally sustainable alternative to cows milk

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- So you want to be a Miller?... So much to learn – you never stop growing

- Insect revolution: Healthy, sustainable, protein rich and delicious

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118 People news from the global milling industry

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64 Fly in the ointment or a buzzing success?

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68 Enhancing traditional methods for flour quality analysis 72 A global need for nutrients: Everything you need to know about fortified rice

76 Agglomeration in animal feed production

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104 Event listings, reviews and previews

Global grain storage: Overcoming geographical & environmental challenges

86 Bringing more light to the Wheat State: Australian artist softens the industrial aesthetic in US city of Salina

TRAINING

32 Industry training news

COLUMNS ©Copyright 2019 Perendale Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. More information can be found at www.perendale.com Perendale Publishers Ltd also publish ‘The International Milling Directory’ and ‘The Global Miller’ news service Grain & Feed Milling Technology magazine was rebranded to Milling and Grain in 2015

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10 The Global Miller 22 Mildred Cookson 26 The Rex Wailes collection

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96 MARKETS Mehmet Ugur Gürkaynak

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116 INTERVIEW Dr David Szczesny

Grit and determination

Roger Gilbert

It’s the end of another year and the end of our second full year dealing with the impact and outcomes from the global Covid-19 pandemic. Each of us has been challenged by Covid with some having to experience greater suffering and hardships than others. All of us will know family, friends or associates who have had serious health challenges and our collective thoughts

go out to them. However, the world must move on and other issues are coming back into focus as vaccination programmes bring some relief to our communities. Here, I’m referring to ‘Climate Change’ which gained worldwide attention with the COP26 meetings taking place in Scotland in early November and which we report on in this issue (see page 44), plus the often-overlooked matter of anti-microbial resistance which is likely to have an increasing impact on human health in the near future. We carry the first of a two-part review of this topic on page 50. The first part looks at how we arrived at this crossroad and our second part in January 2022 will look to future actions we are and/or should be taking. I was fortunate enough to attend the UK’s AIC (Agriculture Industries Confederation) annual conference, held for the second time via an online platform, in mid-November and following the conclusion of COP26. Whilst there are many challenges our UK farming sector faces including shortage in readily available labour, shortage of hauliers, mental health concerns and the implications new trade deals being struck following Brexit to name a few - planning an industry-wide response to climate change is yet another significant challenge. It is clear that our food producing sectors need to be working closer with their respective governments - not just here in the UK but everywhere - to ensure that these critical issues from climate change to mental health are properly addressed. To give farmers longer-term confidence in their businesses, the Confederation called on the UK government to develop a 25-year

agricultural plan for the industry in the same way it has adopted a 25-year plan for the environment. While the UK government feels it is talking to the right people in the farming sector, the industry is not so sure. It points to the New Zealand, Australian and Canadian arrangements where governments involve farming directly in its policy and trade agreement discussions. It is clear that if we are to have joined-up action on addressing some of these issues both here in the UK and in other countries, governments must be prepared to involve those in industry in a more meaningful way. Saying governments cannot develop a 25-year strategy for agriculture with the industry having a significant input in that planning process is just kicking all the tin cans down the road and denying the unification needed to bring about meaningful and responsible change by committed stakeholders - including those in the further processing of agricultural produce such as flour, rice and feed millers, etc. On a lighter note, I have received through the mail a first edition of a commemorative book entitled ‘With the windmillwrights in fen and marsh’ by Douglas Reid from the Mills Archive Trust here in the UK. The commemorative edition’s print run was just 20 copies - one for each year the Mills Archive Trust has been in existence and Milling and Grain is proud to have received the first of the 20 numbered books produced. ‘With the windmillwrights in fen and marsh’ is the unfinished manuscript of Douglas Reid found among the documents in the Rex Wails Collection, which Milling and Grain supports (along with others) at the Archive. Douglas Reid deals with windmill construction, mostly used as wind pumps for draining land, in the early 20th Century and is insightful for the period prior to steam and the introduction of mechanical energy. We are honoured to be providing support to the Archive so that it can catalogue, store and make available to anyone who asks, historical documents relating to milling from the UK, Europe and elsewhere.

2021 See all the highlights from our 2021 editions

A round up of our 2021 editions, as well as a very special offer for our readers in 2022!

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Visiting the Rongorongo Live Video Studio this month is the Vice President of Sustainability and Business Solutions at DSM, Animal Nutrition and Health, David Nickell. Now that DSM incorporates the company Biomin makes this interview more informative. The issues that Milling and Grain raised with Mr Nickell centred around Climate Change, following the recent COP26 meeting in Glasgow, Scotland, to identify how companies servicing the feed industry might be able to assist in the industry’s challenge to reduce it’s carbon footprint to a net zero position; the target the UK has undertaken to achieve by 2050. Mr Gilbert asked Mr Nickell what DSM in particular is doing to reduce its emissions - and the answer is quite a lot and includes the new company iniative of ‘We make it possible’ and how this approach fits with the wider business strategy for the company and its customers. COP26 made clear that the animal farming industry must change its ways before it’s too late. What is DSM doing to help address this? And how measurement can lead to greater sustainability for everyone along the feed and food value chain. These are some of the questions being addressed in this interview. Listen to David Nickell by visiting the home page of the Milling and Grain (www.millingandgrain.com) or going to the dropdown tab: MAGTv on the website.

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So here we are, it’s December already and once again we are wondering just where this year has gone. Only when we pause for a moment and look back properly, we realise that very much like its predecessor, 2021 has not gone by quickly at all. During this period, where much of the world seems to have stood still, our industry has made much progress, with this evident on so many different fronts. Words like efficiency and sustainability have now become commonplace throughout our shared dialogue, for example, whilst other highlights include more big leaps from Buhler, including its Arrius and E3 mill, with companies like Ocrim and Satake offering exciting new prospects too. We have also begun to enjoy a more sustained return of in person trade shows towards the end of the year, with what we are witnessing there further providing support for the idea that our industry is adopting more sustainable and green processes. Even the UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson is saying that “we must take care to guard against false hope and not to think in any way that the job is done because it’s not – there’s still a very long way to go.” A statement that although intended to be relevant only to climate change at the COP26, it could also be extended to the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic too. On the subject of the pandemic - when is it going to end? That said, we can at least take some comfort from the fact that for most of us, our lives do seem to be moving towards normality, although at a much slower rate than I’m sure the majority of us would have liked. In addition to the continued pandemic restrictions, poor harvests have also affected our industry, with John Buckley reporting that around the world, many bread wheat importers have had to lower their specifications for millable wheat including some of the biggest customers like China, Algeria and Saudi Arabia. In the US, consumers and exporters have switched some demand from the top grade tightest hard spring wheats to hard red winter wheat, which all helps to relieve the upward pressure on prices overall. Looking forward to next year, Mr Buckley reports that no major problems have yet emerged in the Northern Hemisphere’s autumn sowing campaign, but some regions need to be monitored closely in the coming weeks - so we would be right in looking forward to this coming year, with an air of guarded optimism I hasten to add. So, going into 2022, it may be much sunnier than it was 12 months ago, there are still a few clouds in the sky - so let’s bring a light waterproof jacket with us, just in case. gfmt.blogspot.com

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Introducing Europe's largest oat mill

partnership of three companies is currently building Europe's largest oat mill for in Great Britain. The development is the initiative of Navara Oat Milling and upon its completion in 2023, it will be poised to meet and accelerate the already growing demand for oat ingredients in the food and drink industry. The Navara project is based on a merger between Camgrain, Frontier and Anglia Maltings. All three bring to the party different - and complementary - fields of expertise, as well as longstanding relationships in their respective supply chains and markets. With these three companies, decades of experience in agriculture, grain handling and malt and plant cultivation come together. Another key to success is the location of the oat mill, as Navara is located in the middle of the so-called "Golden Triangle" between Birmingham, Cambridge and Oxford. Within a few hours' drive, the UK's largest logistics centres of the best-known retailers can be reached, which supply 90 per cent of the population with food. The site of the new mill, alongside Camgrain’s Advanced Processing Centre in a key arable region between Corby and Kettering, ensures the minimising of food miles. Excellent transport links provide good access not only to oat growers but also to key food and drink manufacturers who use cereal-based ingredients. Frontier Agriculture will supply all oats processed at the plant via growers in the surrounding region, Camgrain farmer members and its network of farm traders. Increasing demand for oat ingredients “There’s increasing demand for oat ingredients in healthy food products and non-dairy drinks. The investment by the three strategic partners will help meet that demand,” says Mark Aitchison, Managing Director of Frontier and Chairman of the new joint venture. “Our collective vision is to build and grow a dedicated oat supply chain, bringing farmer and food manufacturer closer together, and delivering improvements that benefit each sector, and the environment. “We will work together on realising the huge potential of oats, embracing all that they can deliver in provenance, traceability and sustainability. “Navara will create supply chain efficiency and the food and drink industries will benefit from the investments we’ll make not just in processing, but also in growing, oats,” he adds.

12 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

“Collaboration with farmers supplying the new mill will see value added in areas such as agronomy advice, seed variety choice and development, quality and sustainability.” The largest state-of-the-art oat mill in Europe This turnkey project includes the supply of separate processing lines for cleaning, sorting, hulling, kilning, groat cutting, flaking and oatmeal production as well as the mechanical and electrical installation of the plant. In addition, a pelleting line supplied by the sister company Amandus Kahl will be used for compacting byproducts, which will then be further processed. "We are very happy that Navara has chosen us as a partner for the construction of the largest state-of-the-art oat mill in Europe,” says Uwe Wehrmann, CEO of the Kahl Group. “From the design, diagramming, automation and technology to the variety of different end products, the project is unique and another milestone for our company. “Last year, we successfully commissioned one of the most modern mills for the production of organic and gluten-free oats in Europe, among other things. Now, with Navara, we have another strategic partner at our side. “This makes us proud and shows us that we meet the highest demands of modern milling with our technology and know-how," concludes Mr Wehrmann. The site which is discreetly located and hidden by existing topography and vegetation will be further enhanced by the additional planting of 6500 new trees and shrubs. Full planning permission has been approved and significant preparatory work has already taken place. Construction of the plant will provide an additional 120 jobs; 60 during construction and 60 to operate the plant once complete.

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KGFA mourns the passing of BNSF's John Miller

ohn Hamilton Miller, Sr of Southlake, Texas passed away suddenly on Tuesday, October 12, 2021 at the age of 60. Born May 24, 1961 in St Louis, Missouri, Mr Miller graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Economics in 1983, before then obtaining an Executive MBA from the same institution in 2011. Mr Miller’s began career with Continental Grain in Lake Charles, LA. He was later transferred to Fort Worth, Texas where he was to meet his future wife, Daveen McDonald; they were married December 28, 1986 in Arlington, Texas. His career then took him from Texas, to Kansas City, Chicago, New York City and back to Chicago, Kansas and Texas. Whilst in Kansas City, he went from Continental Grain to Bartlett Grain and then to Scoular Grain before he accepted his dream job with BNSF Railway Company in Fort Worth in 2008. At the time of his death, Mr Miller served as the Group Vice President for Industrial Products. Prior to this, he was the Group Vice President of Agricultural Products. He also served on many boards and was associated with many organisations. His last two board positions were with GRACE Grapevine and the Farm Foundation, where he participated on the Nominating and Governance Committees. He was a great friend to all in the industry and worked tirelessly with the Ag sectors to insure there were plenty of rail cars and power to support shipping from the inland facilities to the ports during the harvest and peek export times.

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Milling News

Two companies to supply new silo to Saudi Arabia

n order to sign a new agreement that will see the realisation of a new important project in Saudi Arabia, Alberto Antolini, Ocrim CEO recently flew to Paris to meet with the CEO of Haif Company, Mansour Ben Haif Al-Kahtani. The Dhiba Grain Silos (DHGS) Project will see the creation of a new 120,000-ton concrete grain storage silo to be built in the Saudi city on behalf of SAGO (Saudi Grains Organisation). Italian milling outfit Ocrim, who specialise in the supply of milling plants, feed mills and grain processing systems in general, has been entrusted with all the electromechanical and automation parts. In fact, it is foreseen that Dhiba's futuristic silo will require a highly sophisticated level of management - a task that Ocrim is ready to respond to through its innovative solutions. A historic alliance, the cooperation of Ocrim and Haif Company is based on a record of respective trust and esteem. This partnership is supported by many previous well-known and successfully completed construction projects, which saw either company as a sub-contractor and the other as the main contractor, depending on the type of project. Only two years ago, the construction of the Yanbu silo commenced with the project successfully completed and then tested in March of this year. The silo was then inaugurated in the presence of the Saudi institutional authorities on September 5, 2021. The Dhiba Grain Silos project, just like in the case of the Yanbu silo, the Haif Company (main contractor) has sought and confirmed Ocrim's support for this challenge, with the company expected to provide experience, technological expertise and reliability.

16 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Integrated industrial solution provider joins BinMaster network

wight W Prouty Company has been serving a diverse base of industrial manufacturers and power plants since 1969.

Now, following this recent announcement, the company will offer the full line of BinMaster sensors and software solutions, meaning that processors in Alabama and the Florida Panhandle will be able to get local access to BinMaster solutions.

“We’re very excited to partner with BinMaster and bring a robust portfolio of high-quality level sensors and software to our community of customers,” states Jed Prouty, son of founder Dwight Prouty.

“With supply chain issues and material shortages running rampant, there is a surging demand for inventory management products in many industries we work with. “Adding BinMaster to our line card enables us to address the evolving needs of our customers.” DW Prouty will offer BinMaster’s entire product line, including the exclusive 3DLevelScanner.

“Plants want face-time with local people they can count on and on-site service,” says Rich Tavis, regional sales manager for the Southeast territory for BinMaster. “Jed and his team have decades of expertise in their native industries and superior customer service.

“Adding BinMaster’s robust line of level sensors, communications devices, and web applications provides a well-rounded inventory offering for their customers that need better inventory management for their bins, tanks, and silos,” he concludes. The Mobile, Alabama-based Dwight W Prouty company provides integrated industrial solutions for the chemical, food, pharmaceutical, pulp, paper, mining, food, petrochemical, and many other industries.

Milling News

De Heus begins construction of a new animal feed plant in Ivory Coast

hrough the ceremonial laying of the first stone, the construction of a greenfield compound feed factory just outside of Abidjan in the new industrial zone of PK in Attingue, Ivory Coast, has started. With an initial capacity of 100,000 MT/ pa, this factory will produce high quality complete feed, which will expand the current portfolio of Koudijs concentrates and specialty feeds. With the full portfolio of concentrates and complete feeds, the company aims to continue to fully serve the needs of the farmers in Ivory Coast and in the future, to cater for local export destinations too. Mark Hop, General Manager of De Heus Ivory Coast, acknowledges the timing is right to take the step towards local production to “solidify the leading position it has built as Koudijs Animal Nutrition.” With the design of the factory, De Heus take future developments into account, as well as the high quality and safety standards to ensure production of great quality feeds in a safe and environmentally friendly manner. Jan-Willem Pruim, the technical project manager, is enjoying the prospect of combining global expertise

through running a multi-cultural engineering, installation and construction team. Theo Smalbraak, De Heus director for Africa and Middle East, was delighted to lay the first stone together with Mr Hop in the presence of many dignitaries, including the minister of Animal and Fisheries Resources. Mr Sidi Touré, representative of the Minister of Trade and Industry and the Dutch ambassador Mrs Yvette Daoud, as well as representatives of the local government of Anyama and Chiefdoms of Aoukpé Zeudji and Allokoi. “We are honoured to host so many customers, business partners and special guests. The ceremony reflects the warm welcome and support we receive to make the construction and subsequent operations a success,” comments Mr Smalbraak. Production is planned to commence during the second half of 2022.

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Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 19

Milling News

Work on the new City Group plant gets underway in Bangladesh

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20 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

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Bangladesh is one of the fastest growing markets and in 2016, the company consolidated its footprint in this Asian country with two important projects. Firstly, it completed a new storage plant with 60,000m3 for Akij flourmill in Dhaka, where they supplied four flat bottom silos. The customer satisfaction with Symaga silos and service allowed them to develop the extension phase with three flat bottom silos. In the same year, the company also delivered a project for City Auto Rice, a rice mill that belongs to City Group, with a total scope of 13 hopper silos, with a combined capacity of 16,000 m3. In 2018 Symaga consolidated their presence in Bangladesh with a grain terminal for one of the biggest local business groups, Bashundhara LTD. This facility was built to enhance wheat trade in the country. 2021 is a year marked by the continuous steel price increases and volatility that has destabilised the sector, a market already hit by the impact of the pandemic. That said Symaga reports that it has weathered both crises, maintaining a sound orders portfolio and keeping manufacturing at full steam in the process.

Milling News

Dinnissen & Ottevanger join forces in process technology

innissen Process Technology and Ottevanger Milling Engineers have announced that they have formed a strategic alliance to realise customer value, synergy and focus together. The alliance takes shape through a participation in Dinnissen by Bolster Investment Partners and Triott Group, the holding company which Ottevanger forms a part of. The collaboration allows Dinnissen to focus more on high-end processing solutions for food, dairy, chemicals, pet food and pharma. For Ottevanger, the alliance offers the opportunity to strengthen its position in the international feed market. This step fits in with the ambition of the companies to realise value creation, continuity and growth in a sustainable way. Both production technology companies have a strong international customer base, which largely complement each other. With the alliance, the companies will continue to shape collaboration in areas such as customer projects, international services, R&D, innovation and efficiency. For Dinnissen, the alliance means the company can serve its customer group even better. Also, the collaboration with the Triott Group companies offers the opportunity to further expand the range of automation solutions, 24/7 support and dosing and storage systems. For Ottevanger, the alliance offers the opportunity to strengthen its position in the international feed market. Dinnissen’s high-end machines strengthen the current range in the field of food grade and hygiene. Realising mutual growth ambitions Bolster Investment Partners has a lot of experience

in (internationally) expanding Dutch manufacturing companies and is joining this partnership as a long-term investor. Bolster will support the alliance in realising its growth ambitions with a strong network and with knowledge in the field of organisation, strategy and professionalisation. “We are facing the next growth step for our company,” comments Frans Bakker, CCO Dinnissen Process Technology. “This alliance with Ottevanger and Bolster enables us to achieve this and to continue our healthy future. We want to follow our customers even more internationally, and strengthen our service and 24/7 support. Ottevanger has been a solid player in the international processing industry for years. We complement each other very nicely,” adds Mr Bakker. Similarities in values “Dinnissen is a wonderful company, built on values that have many similarities with our values: customer-friendly, progressive and with an eye for the human dimension,” says Ernst-Jan Ottevanger, CEO Ottevanger Milling Engineers and Triott Group. “This alliance fits in with our growth strategy. We are confident we can offer our customers even more with this,” adds Mr Ottevanger. Joost Bakhuizen, partner Bolster Investment Partners comments, “Dinnissen and the Triott Group companies are exceptional Dutch companies with strong international market positions and leading customers in feed and food. “The companies are complementary to each other. We see many opportunities for further growth from the perspective of synergy. This investment therefore fits in perfectly with our long-term strategy,” he concludes.

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 21

The Gold Belt Roller Mills

British and Irish Flour Millers

William Green’s ‘Gold Belt’ Roller Mills, Brantham, East Anglia by Mildred Cookson, The Mills Archive, UK

Milling journals of the past at The Mills Archive

n 1895 mill profile in The Miller started with this claim: “Among East Anglian millers, one is very notable, that of William Green of ‘Gold Belt’ Brantham and Raydon Mill.” Mr Green was born in 1853, making him 42 years old when the article was written. Starting out in agriculture he soon moved on to become a flour salesman. He then decided he wanted not only to sell flour, but to produce it. Pursing his ambition, in 1880 he rented Raydon Mill in Suffolk and met with immediate success. Although not having any milling experience, he persevered, and apparently there was no more enthusiastic miller in East Anglia. In 1888 when he purchased Brantham Mills, the mill ran with five pairs of millstones driven by a breast shot waterwheel. The illustration of the exterior of the mill gives a good view of the entrance. In the deep red of the brickwork on the face of the mill was set a small white stone, bearing the simple inscription “I. P., 1778”. Mr Green enlarged the mill, adding a screening house and an engine and boiler house, the 80ft high chimney was a prominent feature. The millstones were supplemented by smooth rolls for the conversion of middlings, and for a few years the mill was worked on a combination system. Convinced that to keep and extend his trade, a roller plant was absolutely necessary, he ordered a four sack plant from E R Turner of Ipswich & Mark Lane. The roller plant was accompanied by the installation of a Jonval

22 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Turbine, supplied and fitted also by Turner’s. The turbine was said to run very with smoothly. The large crown wheel on the nine feet diameter shaft, was made at St Peter’s Works in Ipswich and ran “as easily as if it had been the fly wheel of a toy engine, and not a mass of metal weighing about a ton and a half”. The installation of the turbine reduced the workload on the 12 horsepower compound beam type engine. This efficient motor had been built earlier by Wentworth of Wandsworth and was supplied with steam generated in a Cornish boiler. The roller plant was tested and with the engine alone there was The Turner Dustless Purifier

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Cross section of the turbine

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sufficient power for producing 120 sacks in 24 hours. This was a severe test for both the milling plant and the engine, considering the capacity before was only four sacks an hour, the 124 sacks in 24 hours was equivalent to five sacks an hour. Moreover, the 120 sacks milled in the November were from a grist of all English wheat.

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The warehouse was quite distinct from the mill itself, being separated from it by a stout wall. Another building for storage of grain and flour was at the time being planned to be added at right angles to the building on the right hand side of the mill as seen in the illustration. This would go down to the water’s edge and have an elevator to discharge grain from the barges on the River Stour on which the mill stood. The grain once discharged would be carried into the mill by a band conveyor. The river is in direct communication with Harwich and the North Sea, while on the other side the waterway is navigable as far as Sudbury. Mr Green reckoned that by using the Stour he could bring in foreign grain to his mill at one shilling a quarter less than would be charged by the Great Eastern Railway. The screen house of the mill was more like a warehouse and was a distinct structure. After being automatically mixed, the wheat fell on a shaking sieve that separated any impurities larger than the berries. From this sieve the wheat passed to a ‘Vibrometer’ grader, this was followed by a cockle and barley cylinder and finally berries were put through a ‘Eureka’ vertical scourer and vibromotor.

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Ensuring a proper shearing action

roll was run at a higher speed than its fellow with a differential of 2.5:1 in the break.“The roller mills standing in one line on this floor made a brave show, the rich tones of their polished mahogany casings being brought into sharp relief by the bright hue of the pine spouting and trunks just above,” states the contemporary report. Four steel lay shafts provided the drive in the basement, on the ground, first and second floors. The first floor held four “Turner” dustless purifiers, two being double machines. In one frame were three break scalpers of the type known as ‘inter elevator reel scalpers’ that worked on the products of the first three breaks. Underneath these reels were three pneumatic sorters, to sort out the overtails of the break scalpers and send them to the breaks for which they were best suited. From this floor the flour and offal were taken off in a pair of Turner’s packers where the different products were conveyed by worms. The second floor supported five centrifugals, one pair was responsible for treating the products of the fourth break: one was placed above the other, the lower machine received the tailings from the upper, acting as a sort of second dresser. Mr Green was very proud of his mill and the reporter concluded: “The roller mills standing in one line on this floor made a brave show, the rich tones of their polished mahogany casings being brought into sharp relief by the bright hue of the pine spouting and trunks just above”.

Access to the mill proper was through the door in the centre of the building. This led directly onto the ground floor or roller floor. The system of four breaks and eight reductions, the breaks being affected by two double roller mills fitted with rolls of 30x9 inches (one inch = 2.54cms). Whilst the eight reduction rolls were assigned to four double roller mills. In one mill the rolls are fifteen-by-eight inches; two sets had 20 inch rolls and the remaining set were twenty five-bynine inches. Each roller mill was exhausted Cross section of the mill into a trunk passing a little above its hopper. Each roller spindle ran in a film of oil in a long phosphor bronze bearing. In the Turner system the lower roll of each pair acted as a sort of feed roll to the roll above, itself receiving the products by a curved plate. To ensure a proper shearing action the lower

www.millsarchive.org

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24 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

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The Rex Wailes Collection Rex Wailes Collection: Mill sketches by Anton van Anrooy Rex Wailes Collection: Mill sketches by Anton van Anrooy by Nathanael Hodge, The Mills Archive Trust The Rex Wailes collection at the Mills Archive includes several sketches by the artist Anton van Anrooy. Mr Van Anrooy was a Dutch painter and illustrator; born in Zaltbommel, The Netherlands, he studied at the Hague School of Art, later moving to the UK and becoming a British citizen. He worked in oil, watercolour and pastel and specialised in portraits, landscapes and interiors. He died in 1949 and his work is held in several UK museums and art galleries. One sketch by van Anrooy of the millwright John Bryant was reproduced in the September issue of Milling and Grain; two others are reproduced here. They depict Ruffle’s Mill, UK, and De Gooyer, Amsterdam.

More efficient & smooth

Ruffle’s Mill in Haverhill, Suffolk, England, was constructed in 1855 by Richard Ruffle on the site of an earlier mill. The windmill tower had a diameter of seven metres at the base and a height of 20 metres. It worked in conjunction with a nearby steam powered mill. But it was most famous for its unique annular sail. This was in the shape of a ring and contained 120 shutters. It was more efficient and ran more smoothly than conventional windmill sails, enabling the mill to work in lighter wind, driving three pairs of stones when other mills could only work two. Only three other windmills in the UK imitated this sail design, and none now survive. Ruffle’s mill ceased work in the late 1920s. It was repaired, but later pulled down in 1942 to provide metal for the war, despite public protest. De Gooyer, also called the Funenmolen, is a mill which still stands today in Amsterdam, although it no longer grinds grain. At 26.5 metres high it is the tallest wooden mill in the Netherlands, and has an eight sided wooden body on a square stone base. The name De Gooyer had belonged to an earlier post mill owned by two brothers from Gooiland, which had been moved to several locations before being replaced by the current structure. At that time, it stood on the Oosterbeer bastion of the city walls, but the construction of barracks c 1810 reduced the

26 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

amount of wind available at that location, and it was relocated to its current position, on the stone base of a former watermill. The mill has been periodically repaired and restored over the years. It ceased to be worked by wind power circa 1920, but continued operating by gas engine for a few years. In 1928 it was bought by the city of Amsterdam and restored, continuing to work through the Second World War.

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he International Grains Council (IGC) has announced that, with effect from November 1 2021, pulses, such as lentils, dry peas, chickpeas, dry beans, other pulses are to be included in the definition of “grain” or “grains” under Article 2(1)(e) of the Grains Trade Convention, 1995. As a result, the IGC Secretariat will expand its market information for pulses. It currently provides updates on pulses trade and estimates of production in the GMR (Grain Market Report) on a bimonthly basis. Supply and demand balances are published for the major exporters for dry peas, lentils and chickpeas. The Secretariat is also currently constructing global supply and demand balances and developing a pulses-specific area on the IGC member website which would include a FOB prices matrix. In many regions around the world, pulses are a basic staple food and a vital source of plant-based protein, amino acids, vitamins and minerals, with global trade in the commodity increasing continuously over the last five years to reach 16-17 million tons in 2021. By extending the definition of grains to include pulses, the IGC seeks to increase market transparency for pulses and to enhance co-operation to increase the global trade of this commodity, which plays an essential role in achieving food security.

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ssembly works have started for the new City Group plant, one of the main agro-industry players in Bangladesh, with Symaga entrusted with completing the project. Located in Rupshi, Dhaka, this new storage plant posesses a total storage capacity of over 400,000 m3. During the first months of 2021 the company manufactured just short of 50 silos, and now Symaga is supervising the assembly progress for this project. Since 2012, the company has developed projects for some of the main industrial and agribussines companies. Bangladesh is one of the fastest growing markets and in 2016, the company consolidated its footprint in this Asian country with two important projects. Firstly, it completed a new storage plant with 60,000m3 for Akij flourmill in Dhaka, where they supplied four flat bottom silos. The customer satisfaction with Symaga silos and service allowed them to develop the extension phase with three flat bottom silos. In the same year, the company also delivered a project for City Auto Rice, a rice mill that belongs to City Group, with a total scope of 13 hopper silos, with a combined capacity of 16,000 m3. In 2018 Symaga consolidated their presence in Bangladesh with a grain terminal for one of the biggest local business groups, Bashundhara LTD. This facility was built to enhance wheat trade in the country. 2021 is a year marked by the continuous steel price increases and volatility that has destabilised the sector, a market already hit by the impact of the pandemic. That said Symaga reports that it has weathered both crises, maintaining a sound orders portfolio and keeping manufacturing at full steam in the process.

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15 participants, 14 men and 1 woman, from 10 countries took part in the 37th diploma course from January to October 2021 in English. From those who enrolled on the training course, 10 of them received the coveted diploma.

10 students receive coveted diploma from School of Feed Technology (SFT). Throughout the ten intensive months, the students deepened their knowledge in feed milling through self-study and in the eight-week intensive block attendance phase in Uzwil, Switzerland. “As a result, they are now among the experts in their field and among the almost 600 graduates who have completed the diploma course since 1979,” says Lothar Driller, Managing Director of the SFT.

Mastering the challenges of the future

The importance of the feed milling industry is increasing in many countries due to increasing meat consumption. In order to meet this uptick in demand, efficient technologies and know-how for sustainable animal feed production are required. In addition to increasing demand, the requirements are also constantly increasing with rising raw material prices, changing customer preferences, as well as maintaining high standards of feed safety - continue to regularly present feed millers with new challenges. The training at the SFT offers an optimal basis for mastering them in the future. In ten months of training, a broad field is covered - from the basics of the individual process steps, plant design, animal nutrition, feed safety to new sensor technologies as a basis for the digitisation of industry.

“With this tool, the graduates qualify to take on management tasks and successfully continue to build up the industry,” emphasises Lothar Driller. The President of the SFT (Marcel Scherrer), who is currently stationed in China, congratulated the graduates via video connection, as he could not personally participate in the graduation ceremony due to the Covid-19 travel restrictions in China. Special honour was given to the best in class of the year at the graduation ceremony. In this course, Mateo Rodriguez impressed with outstanding performances. The “career changer” studied veterinary medicine and comes from Ecuador. Mateo Rodriquez achieved a very good performance with the grade 89 percent (5.45), for which he received the traditional tin plate.

Enabling in-service training

Human capital is the key to success in changing markets. The next courses at our Milling Academy: Milling for executives / Sortex in Grain Milling 24.01. - 28.01.2022 Milling for plant managers / Corn/Maize processing 07.02. - 11.02.2022 Advanced automation & digitalization 07.03. - 11.03.2022 Oat processing 04.04. - 08.04.2022 Milling for executives 25.04. - 29.04.2022 Register now: buhlergroup.com/ academy

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32 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

The aim of the diploma course as a feed milling engineer is to enable the participants to complete the training in parallel with their professional duties. For this reason, the attendance time is only eight weeks, usually divided into two blocks. Due to Covid-19 and its associated restriction of travel activities, the SFT decided this year to merge the two intensive blocks in the autumn. In advance to the eight-week teaching block in Switzerland, the course participants had to independently work on topics and provide proof of achievement, with a total of 20 subject areas being worked on. During the intensive course, the students took a total of 13 written exams. The highlight and conclusion of each individual block (this year 2 x 4 weeks without interruption) were the two oral exams in the core topics in front of a committee of experts.

Focus on practice

The SFT acts as a non-profit association and is recognised by the Association of Swiss Feed Manufacturers (VSF) as a training and further education institution. The SFT provides professionals from the feed industry and related industries with practical expertise in the production of animal feed. A successful completion of the diploma course provides graduates with the prerequisite to understand all modern process technologies and processes in a compound feed plant and to use them sensibly efficiently in practice. The international technology group Bühler AG is a partner of SFT. So far, 593 men and women from 74 countries have completed the diploma course in compound feed technology. The next diploma course in compound feed technology starts in January 2022 and will take place in German – again under normal conditions.

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TRAINING Online Milling School | Autumn 2021 Edition Session 3: Batching Operations

As the Northern Hemisphere begins to feel the chill from colder weather and later dawns and earlier dusks, the temptation to leave our homes and venture out into the plummeting temperatures is almost certainly dwindling. So, with all of this time that we suddenly have at our disposal, why not beat the cold by enrolling on the Online Milling School Livestock Feed (OMS-LF) edition’s Autumn semester? Getting us warmed up again in the morning is the reliable and ever professional presenting duo of agribusiness executive Yiannis Christodoulou and industry journalist and publisher Roger Gilbert, who continue to handle proceedings with perspicacity, punctuality and personability. Sessions three and four of this latest edition of the increasingly popular series sees the subjects of batching and mixing operations dealt with in the thorough and comprehensive fashion, which we have long grown to expect from these weekly sessions.

Weighing & scales equipment - Alex Ammann

The first presenter to address session three of the Autumn edition is Alex Ammann. In 1985, Mr Ammann attended the Swiss Milling School in St Gallen, with his resume then seeing him employed as a production manager in various feed mills and grain storage centres. In total, he has over 35 years of experience in the feed industry, placing him in an excellent position to tackle the subject of weighing and scales equipment. In his debut OMS-LF presentation, Mr Ammann covers the topics of why we use scales and dosing elements; how we make adjustments to allow for the various characteristics of products; measuring principles and how to properly handle load cells. He also introduces the various types of mechanical and electronic scales available, a list that includes loss in weight, automatic hopper and dump scale. Mr Ammann describes how scales are used as a means of weight control and also process control throughout the production process in order to effectively monitor the intake of raw materials, flow and dosing control, as well as in batching systems.

Batching process, weighing & scales equipment – Mr Ryan Celis

Following Mr Ammann’s OMS debut, long time regular Mr Ryan Celis keeps the ball rolling with his assessment of the batching process, which includes an examination of equipment used for weighing and other scales equipment. Following a thorough introduction to the relevant terminology, Mr Celis then discusses the main objectives of optimised batching. These are to achieve the desired particle size and product granulation during the grinding process as required by the formula (for post-grind systems), as well as to achieve a homogeneous mix during the mixing process. He then investigates the batching sequence for major and minor ingredients, with minor ingredients include limestone salt and lysine, whilst major ingredients include corn/wheat, SBM and DDGS. According to Mr Celis, the number of scales, and the

introduction of double scales increases speed and capacity of batching. The more scales operating in parallel, and with less dosing bins per scale, quicker batching, with the design matching the plant's design, and the number, size and lay-out of bins.

Micro dosing of powder ingredients – Mr Marco Prati

Completing the trio of speakers in this edition of the online milling school is Mr Marco Prati, the managing director of PLP Systems in Italy. Discussing the subject of micro dosing of powder ingredients, Mr Prati states that most of the micro ingredients utilised in animal feed mills are mixed to obtain a homogeneous blend, whilst ingredients in feed can have additional weight ranges from a few grams up to dozens of kilograms. According to Mr Prati, there are two ways of using the minor products which includes those produced in a dedicated premix plant and those that are micro-dosed using a single component directly in the feed mill plant. Automation is also a fundamental element of micro dosing, as well as being key for an accurate dosing and a quick batch production regime, he concludes.

Session 4 – Mixing Operation Mixing Operation – Dr Charles Stark

The fourth session gets under way with Dr Charles Stark, Associate Professor at Kansas State University, discussing the topic of mixing operations. Dr Stark begins by asking the question of what is the goal of your mixing? With perfect, random or segregated the three options that he presents. The third of these options, segregation, occurs primarily as a result of differences in particle size states Dr Stark, adding that the difficulty of mixing multiple components can be reduced by making the sizes of the components as close as possible and also by reducing the absolute size of the particles.

Factors that impact mixing dispersion & homogeneity Mr Ryan Celis

The second of the three speakers to address the assembled virtual audience is the vastly experienced industry consultant and engineer, Mr Ryan Celis. Examining the various factors that impact mixing dispersion and homogeneity, he begins by stating that the main function of the mixer is to ensure that every sample of feed within the batch is nutritionally balanced in terms of protein, energy, vitamins and minerals.

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Mr Celis also states that in a typical mixing scenario, the longer the mixing time the more homogeneous is the mix, whilst the mixing time can be shortened by increasing the rotation of the mixer shaft. However, Mr Celis does caveat this by adding that this increase must be limited to 15-20 percent, as beyond this the mixer shaft may already be prone to damage and power requirement will be higher. Mr Celis also adds that even the most efficient mixer cannot produce a homogenous mixture if the components vary too much in terms of granulation and specific weight.

Principles of Conditioning - Mr Ryan Celis

The third and final section of this session sees us staying in the capable hands of Mr Ryan Celis, with him leading us through the subject of the principles of conditioning. A term typically used to describe the practice of modifying the properties of mash before delivery to the pellet die chamber, conditioning involves the addition of liquids such as water, molasses, pellet binders, and the addition of heat either through direct steam injection or indirect heat addition by conduction using jacketed conditioners. According to Mr Celis, the primary purpose of conditioning is to enhance the physical and nutritional properties of the mash. Conditioning may also include expanding, compacting, prepelleting, and ripening. In this presentation, the term conditioning refers to the process after the mash leaves the mixer and before it enters the pelleting chamber and generally refers to steam conditioning, a subject that is covered in great detail during session five.

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Especially assigned weekly Q&A sessions

Offering the best possible place to benefit from the vast experience of the assembled panels of industry professionals during the initial two hours of talks, the virtual audience is also able to ask them any questions at the conclusion of each episode in especially assigned Q&A sessions. These panel interactions can often go on for a full hour, as each speaker conveys their unique take on how our industry really works, helping you to find all of the pieces of the vast jigsaw puzzle that is feed milling knowledge. Following the conclusion of all editions of the OMS, Progressus Agrischools, along with Perendale Publishers Limited, who also produce Milling and Grain magazine, issue all participants that complete the 12 sessions with a certificate of completion, which is awarded within 30 days of the conclusion of the program. If you complete all 12 sessions, 30 days pass and you have still not received your certificate, then please contact the OMS organisers who will be able to assist you. Limited space is still available on the Online Milling School Autumn edition which began on October 6, 2021, with all missed sessions available on demand for two weeks following the completion of this session cycle. So, for more information, visit: https://millingandgrain.com/ events/online-milling-school-livestock-feed/gallery/

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Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 37

December 2021

As this is the final edition of Milling and Grain magazine to be published in 2021, this month’s Product Focus section takes a look back at five of the products featured on the Special Focus page over the past 12 months. In each of the previous 11 editions of this publication we have featured a whole range of equipment and services – a resource that we look forward to providing to you all once again in 2022. Should you have a product that you would like to feature in this section, then please do not hesitate to get in touch with us at: editorial@perendale. co.uk

Milling and Grain: May 2021 edition

PRODUCT FOCUS

Sweet Manufacturing - Round Bottom Flite-Veyor By utilising the Round Bottom Flite-Veyor, customers receive a conveyor that has optimal cleanout capabilities. Constructed of 3/16” thick 304 stainless steel, the RB conveyors can be configured with a stainless steel chain and nylon paddles. The round bottom “U” trough design is ideal for those applications requiring thorough cleaning of the conveyed product from the housing. This is particularly important when conveying material of different types to prevent cross-contamination from one run to the next, allowing you to “set it and forget it.” They are also designed to operate horizontally or at inclines up to 60° with certain materials. The all galvanised steel construction resists rust, corrosion, and costly maintenance making it the best value in the industry. Covers are of the hip roof design which help to prevent water or moisture accumulation on the exterior of the machine.

By using a three-phase filtration system, the deviro from Frigortec cleans air of fine dust, viruses and other elements that are harmful to health. The downstream HEPA H14 filter removes 99.995 percent of impurities from the air. Despite its powerful fan, the product is one of the quietest filtration devices in its class. With a noise emission level of 49dB, the device is very quiet, meaning the air purifier is suitable for use in offices and as well as workshops. Professional air purifiers significantly reduce the risk of virus infection via aerosols, including Covid-19, with a series of studies proving this claim many times. They also eliminate other viruses and particles. Frigortec specialises in air conditioning and filtering for highly complex industrial and commercial applications. According to FrigorTec, its engineers developed the powerful air purifier during a development period of just eight months.

www.frigortec.com

Milling and Grain: January 2021 edition

mymag.info/e/1251

The Flexy-Mill from Omas Affording energy savings of up to 70 percent, the Flexy Mill from Omas’ direct drive motors negates the need for a whole floor when planning a milling plant project. Protected by an international patent, this solution is aimed bringing a deep and lasting revolution to the milling industry. With this rolling mill the miller can modify operation during the grinding process by adjusting the grinding ratio, the rollers’ operating position, the grinding gap, as well as increasing or decreasing the speed of both rollers. Powered by Omas’ Leonardo roller mill, the Flexy-Mill also affords millers the opportunity to create grinding recipes that can be saved in the machine or systems control PLC. Meaning that the operator can adapt the mill to various types of grains and/or legumes without compromising either the grinding performance or the quality of the finished product.

https://omasindustries.com mymag.info/e/1252 38 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Milling and Grain: September 2021 edition

The Deviro from Frigortec

www.sweetmfg.com

PLQF56 Pufifier - Pingle Group

Milling and Grain: August 2021 edition

Milling and Grain: June 2021 edition

The myMAG link will take you directly to the company's product information page

Paglierani - Simple A1

With multiple sieve decks and a generous net sieve width, this particular purifier from Pringle exhibits improved processing capacity. Technically speaking, the throughput of every single machine could reach in excess of 3t/h. The PLQF56 Purifier form Pingle’s maintenance costs are effectively cut down by the machine components being designed to be very robust, whilst the intended service cycle is also long. The materials are conveyed at a constant speed to pass through the feed gate, before then being evenly distributed over the sieve. So, continuous production is realised, and a high standard of the final product's quality is ensured. The sieves are cleaned in a reliable way, which means consistent product quality can be reasonably expected, whilst the metal sieve frame is outfitted with a brush cleaner to avoid material accumulation.

mymag.info/e/1163 www.pinglemachine.com

Milling and Grain: August 2021 edition The Simple A1 bagging machine from Paglierani a high level of performance for filling valve mouth bags, open mouth bags and sacks starting from a reel of plastic material. It can also be easily integrated into a production line. This machine’s operation involves a vertical turbine that feeds the horizontal bagging auger at a constant rate. This combined action ensures a high level of efficiency and minimal dust emissions. Its bagging cycle is activated automatically as soon as the bag is fitted on the spout by a bag presence sensor device. The Simple A1 is also fitted with a dust extraction inlet that is mounted on the bagging spout, which is designed to collect the dust generated during filling operations. The vibration stroke also can be adjusted in order to achieve the best results required when bagging a particular product.

www.paglierani.com mymag.info/e/1253

FOCUS

SPECIAL FOCUS Satake‘s latest addition to the versatile belt-type optical sorter, Beltuza Spectra, utilises all infra-red, visual, and X-ray data with patented sorting algorithm and AI (Artificial Intelligence). The result is precision sorting of a wide range of previously impossible defective products, such as tree-nuts with internal insect damage. Like other optical sorters by the company, Beltuza Spectra is equipped with Satake Smart Sensitivity that automatically creates optimal sensitivity setting making it easy to operate. Newly added is the patented "MIX Sensitivity" function that utilises both infra-red and visible wavelength. This brings a high level of precision in detecting defective products with identical colours to the accepts to the Spectra. Its exterior detection system is also further boosted by the shape sorting function.

Beltuza Spectra: Unified Spectral imaging system

and quality. Also, various safety measures have been taken to ensure that the system can be safely operated on a product processing line. A culmination of the best of interior, exterior, and material-type detection technologies, Beltuza Spectra achieves the highest level in sorting precision. As a versatile sorter with a wide range of other potential applications such as beans, coffee, packaged foods, in-shell tree-nuts, etc, this is achieved without compromising either the quality or quantity of your final product.

A completely new way to sort defective products

Another key feature of this optical sorter is the X-ray sorting. X-ray is often used in food processing industry to detect foreign material by capturing the differences in product density. However, Beltuza Spectra equipped with AI can differentiate less dense good product, accepts, from similarly less dense damaged product, defects. In Almond kernels for example, doubles and pin-hole insect damages can be accurately differentiated at high processing capacity of up to 10 MT per hour. The AI system in the Beltuza Spectra uses X-ray images to learn the characteristics of defective products. These characteristics are a complex combination of features like product shape, position of defects, and differences in density and thickness distinguished by X-rays. Using this combination, the AI accurately and efficiently distinguishes defective products from good products. This image processing and AI system are a completely new way to sort defective products. Safety is also a key feature of Beltuza Spectra. The X-rays used in the sorting system are kept to a minimum energy level so that they do not affect product characteristics

https://satake-group.com mymag.info/e/1254

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 41

OUR MACHINES MIRROR THE BEAUTY AND THE PERFECTION OF THE DOMINANT SEVENTH CHORD PLAYED BY A VIOLIN FROM

CREMONA.

www.paglierani.com

www.ocrim.com

& THE “GREENING FINANCE” ROADMAP

by Andrew Wilkinson, Milling and Grain magazine

It’s time to start taking sustainability much more seriously ringing together 120 world leaders, all with the aim of speeding up progress towards the climate change goals set out in the Paris Agreement back in 2015, November 2021 saw the drama of COP26 unfold in Glasgow, UK. On the final day of COP26, or the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties to give its full name, climate negotiators concluded two weeks of intense talks that ended with a consensus reached on urgently accelerating climate action. This agreement, combined with increased ambition and action from countries, means that a 1.5°C reduction in global temperature still remains within our reach, but is only deliverable through “concerted and immediate global efforts.”

COP26

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With all countries agreeing to revisit and strengthen their current 2030 emissions targets, the main hope is that this pact will speed up the pace of climate action, with further meetings scheduled over the coming years.

What does this mean for our industry?

The quick answer to the question of what this means to our industry is, well, not much. Other than serving as a timely reminder that we should all be adopting more sustainable working practices, there was very little in this that was specific to our industry. However, with the UK Government set to phase in the Greening Finance Roadmap, a set of measures set to be replicated by governments throughout the developed world, the pressure is really on us to update our working practices and look for ways of reducing the carbon footprint of our respective organisations. So as our governments have not acted on our behalf, we are going to have to make the difference under our own volition. But just where do we start?

Five key points from COP26 Appreciation was expressed for informal agreements: This includes the increased targets and actions announced and the commitments made to work together and with non-party stakeholders to accelerate sectoral action by 2030. Come back stronger next year: Parties were asked to revisit and strengthen their 2030 targets and align with the Paris Agreement temperature goal by the end of 2022. Fossil fuel phaseout: Parties are to accelerate the transition towards lowemission energy systems and phase-down unabated coal power and inefficient fossil fuel subsidies, Called out on climate finance: The Paris agreement made it clear that rich countries had an obligation to help them pay for the transition to clean energy and for adapting to climate impacts. The goal of them contributing US$100 billion per year by 2020 has not yet been met. Loss and damage finance scheme: Urges developed countries to provide reparations to developing countries for those climate impacts that can’t be adapted to. This remains almost entirely unfunded and unstaffed.

Well, one plausible course of action would be to seek out a company that has been “doing it” for many years already, a company that has already won awards for sustainability, find out what they are doing and then copy it. One such organisation that is setting the gold standard in sustainable cereal processing is a double award winner found in the UK county of Suffolk. As a global supplier of brewing and distilling malts and malted ingredients to the food & drinks industry, sustainability is the common objective that links all aspects of Muntons' business activities. In fact, the company describes minimising the impact of its business activity on the environment wherever and whenever possible as its key objective. A decade ago, the company was one of the first malting and milling plants to install an energy efficient kiln heating system at its Stowmarket site. The company won the prestigious Sustainability category at last month’s Baking Industry Awards for developing an energy-saving bio-energy plant in the same location. This follows the company winning the Environmental Leadership Award for the same project at the Food & Drink Federation Awards in September. This latest project forms an integral part of the company’s strategic pledge to be carbon neutral by 2050, and this, along

with an existing system at its Bridlington site, is set to take the company over 60 percent of the way towards that goal. Since receiving the awards, the mill has been fielding inquiries from other companies keen to follow in their carbon-free footsteps. And it has been the job of its Director of Technical Sustainability Dr Nigel Davies to satisfy these requests. Milling and Grain magazine recently met with Dr Davies to discuss COP26, the environmental impact of our industry, the measures he recommends to reduce our carbon footprint and the importance of creating a sense of togetherness within a workforce when tackling climate change.

What advice would you give to companies that are looking to reduce their carbon footprint and become more sustainable, where do they start?

In my professional life I currently have two hats on; I am the Director of Technical Sustainability at Muntons for three days a week, and I run my own sustainability consultancy called Maltdoctor Ltd for two days a week. For the past 20 years at Muntons I have been pleased to lead our sustainability drive and to go boldly where many are only just beginning to tread. Muntons has made transformational change

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 45

F and bucked the trend in promoting rather than resisting change. The reason I set up my consultancy is because I was finding I was getting a lot of interest from companies that just didn't know where to start on this journey. Many company boards of directors didn't really understand what a carbon footprint was, had no idea how to calculate it and didn't see why it was relevant for their business. They used to think - I say used to think but I think they still think - that sustainability is just about the environment and tree hugging. Many customers of Muntons love to engage with us and help them see the art of what is possible in sustainability in a manufacturing setting. When I talk with customers at Muntons or clients of Maltdoctor Ltd I often explain that it is about business risk management, operational cost reduction, and trying to get them to use the Triple Bottom Line model of people, planet and profit. So yes, we tell them that you can benefit the planet and still make a profit. There's nothing wrong with that; you should be able to make a profit out of being environmentally conscious. It is equally true that you need to invest to make sustainable improvement so profit does not necessarily mean greater margin and can require a longer payback period on investments Taking these steps will also help to engage people - and these people are not just your own people, but it's also your customers and your suppliers too.

How important would you say a sense of togetherness is in not only achieving the results that you have, but also in ensuring that this positivity continues into the future?

I think the importance of doing this as a team is essential because the decisions you make involve more than one part of the business. For example, let's say the procurement team are the ones that are currently buying your gas and electricity. If you then come in with some new technology to get this through a different method, whether through new technology or something else, what we are saying to them is right, we're going to completely change what you are doing and you have a new challenge in a new market with new suppliers. Installing new plants like our bio-energy centre meant there would be different environmental issues so you will also need to involve the environmental team on site. They need to consider the environmental impacts such as: Is there going to be more water use on site? Is there going to be more water disposed of? What emissions levels will be going up the stack and how does that fit with legislation and what is that going to look like in terms of impact on the local community? Then you have to get the marketing team involved, because marketing again is going to be able to tell your good story. They also need to be kept up-to-date with the changes, whilst also helping them to understand that it is a continuing project. Then you help them understand carbon footprinting scopes, one, two, and three science based targets and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. What are they? Why are they relevant? Muntons have set being carbon neutral by 2050 as a strategic

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pillar. In order to achieve this the company has put together a whole staff engagement piece on what it means to be carbon neutral, as well as why it is important to the company. The other thing as well is that, this is going to continue. So we need to have the teams enthused, so that they're also looking for the areas that we can improve. Gradually, there's so many people in the company that need to be involved. We want our staff and any of our stakeholders to understand this is a wonderful project, but not standalone and in no way is this - my goodness, we won two awards for this, job done. There’s much more to do. So, the project team needs to know that they've got the backing of the board, the finance is there, the raw materials are there. The environmental team is happy that all the certificates are in place. And myself as director of sustainability, I'm sitting there thinking yes, nobody can point the finger at anything that we've done in the company and say that there's any greenwashing, because there's none of that - so that's where the team is useful.

Which aspects of the outcome of COP 26 would you say are most relevant to the cereal processing industry?

I think the one that's the one that is most likely to have an impact is the fact that we've been told we're going to get legislation coming out by 2023, that we've all got to publish a carbon roadmap. To me that is probably one of the best things because it's going to mean that companies are going to have to get a handle on carbon foot-printing, and they're going to have to select the technologies that they are going to put in place. Therefore, I think this is going to have the most practical impact and I think it's going to scare people in many sectors who haven't even started on this journey into action. We hear it too often that we're 20 years too late starting, but Muntons started on this journey 20 years ago, so I don't think we're 20 years too late. Since COP26, I think there must be a number of Chief execs saying, What the heck is a carbon roadmap, how do we get that put in place? I say this because through my consultancy, I've already gained two contracts to do carbon roadmapping for people in the malting and brewing industry since COP 26. This is because on the whole, our industry doesn't know how to act to do this, but my experience shows that it doesn’t have to be that complex or arduous. I think for many that this is going to be the call to action that they need to finally take this seriously. So gone are the days where we just have to sign up to say we think climate protection is important, we now actually have to sign up to write down on paper exactly how we're going to do it, how we are going to get the technology that we plan to use, work out how much it's going to cost us - and we're going to have to do that within a couple of years.

How would you see the future for this panning out? If there's any kind of financial burden associated with this, do you think that this might be passed on to the consumer?

I think there's almost an inevitability that this is going to happen. The government does not have an endless pot of money

F 10 steps to reducing your organisation’s environmental footprint:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Get your board interested in sustainability: Tell them that this is about business risk management, that it’s about operational cost reduction and try to get them to use the "Triple Bottom Line” business model of People, Planet and Profit. Calculate your carbon footprint: You need to use a model which takes everything into account: scopes 1 and 2 in the factory and scope 3 - the impact of materials coming in and going out. Don’t spend too long worrying about the accuracy though, as you may miss the opportunities to change. Action does not need 100% certainty. Some of the most forward looking and sustainable companies move ahead with 70-80% certainty and are not afraid if something does not work as well as expected. Make a carbon map across your supply chain: This step will help you to understand which supply chain areas have the greatest carbon intensity. Be ready for an adverse reaction if your supply chain partner thinks you are blaming them for their carbon intensity and make sure they understand that you want to work with them towards a common goal: the spirit of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 17 is partnership. Set a science based target (SBT): look at what you've done so far and see how your current savings match up with the target required to minimise the human impact on climate change. There could be a four-to-five fold higher target to achieve a SBT but those that set such an ambitious target find it drives innovation, regulatory resilience and gives a competitive advantage. Join the 2000 companies globally who have agreed it’s a good initiative and the 50 percent of those who are bold enough to have already progressed to setting a target. It will align you with the Race to Zero and fast track your GHG reduction programme. The target has to be set no more than five years backwards in time and has to be achieved within a 15 year window. Align your investment plans with your carbon roadmap. Be mindful that 63 percent of Chief Executives who have elected to take a science based target say that it has driven innovation within their operation. You can achieve remarkable changes in GHG emissions with existing technology whilst we wait for new options to become available. Engage with your capital project team : These are the people who are going to liaise with your contractors to actually install new equipment and oversee projects and they'll be involved with local planners, the environment agency and other important stakeholders inside and outside the business. Use the United Nations Sustainability Goals to broaden your outlook on sustainability. Don’t just agree they are a good idea. Be very specific about how your operations address each of the 17. Don't think of offsets first: Hunt down the technology that’s available now, there is a lot out there. If you have done all you can and still have a small residual amount to offset choose offsets within your supply chain if possible and always those which capture new additional carbon from the atmosphere and are not just previously captured carbon now allocated to you through a financial transaction. Intention needs action: All of the previous steps count for nought without action. Action can come from any part of the organisation. Don’t fall into the trap of thinking it is only the young who drive sustainability. At a recent conference Dr Nigel Davies described it as a silver bullet - a reference to seniority and experience in the right hands being able to drive transformational change in sustainability, as is evident through Muntons winning many awards for sustainability leadership and GHG reduction. Appoint a consultant with a good track record of sustainability improvement: If you are still unsure of what to do, a sustainability consultant will be able to help you to align board strategy with action and demystify the jargon, barriers and fears that can at times stifle sustainable improvement. All of us in the UK now have to act fast to generate robust carbon plans as legislation is proposed from 2023.

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to support green initiatives although it does have funds such as the Industrial Energy Transformation Fund and support consultants to help companies plan for carbon neutrality. These funds can be difficult to access for SME’s and are more likely to support regional or collaborative cross sector projects. We know Covid has made a big dent in the treasury and someone's got to pay for that. Green project support is still there but not necessarily easy to access. There has been a lot of interest from financial institutions in creating carbon roadmap platforms that link energy efficiency to business strategy and then present a suite of potential solutions with cases studies and experts to support and suggest finance options that are available. I think the difficulty comes from the fact that this is happening just after Covid. Many, many companies will have struggled financially and they are really not best placed to suddenly start a major investment, which is what introducing a carbon saving program is. However, there's two ways of looking at it. If companies can do things which don't cost an awful lot like putting an energy management and monitoring system in place, they will save quite a lot of money. But if they haven't got one in place already, and many companies don't, they will save a lot of money operationally on that anyway. The other thing I think people will need to understand is that quite often with a number of the carbon saving schemes, the payback won't be three years for capital investment, like most companies have, it is going to be more like six to nine years. This means that the boards that are going to be signing off projects that will have to take a longer term view. That said, they legally have to do something now in the UK, it’s not something that is just a CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) issue anymore - this is strategic business. However, if the board views that also as de-risking it from the impacts that its business would face through climate change, then that has to be a good thing to do.

Does the cereal processing industry have a damaging effect on the environment when compared to other industries?

No, I don't think it does. If you look at a lot of the impact for the cereal processing industries, the greatest contribution will come from the production of the raw material itself - maybe 60 to 70 percent from the growing of the wheat or barley. In fact, there has already been a huge amount of work in that area by the suppliers that make the biggest impact. For example, the fertiliser manufacturers, which represent around half of that impact, have already reduced embedded carbon in their products by about 40 percent. And they're set to go even lower in the future. Overall, there's a huge surge of interest in improving the agronomic practices and growing cereals. Now, if you look for it, there are much better

F options available than just going to plant a forest somewhere, which will take a long time to have any positive effect. One better option would be to invest in your own supply chain why not buy those offsets from within your own raw material supply chain? Because you'll be putting money back into the pockets of the farmers. This will mean that they will be able to grow a crop, which sometimes is very marginal in terms of profit, and you're protecting your own supply chain by promoting greenhouse gas saving, that has to be a good thing to do. There's a Muntons example at the moment, where we've got a group of farmers that are now able to grow their barley in a carbon negative way. They do this by using cover crops, things like clover, sown in the intervening period between the harvest of one crop and the next crop being sown in that period. Those cover crops can sequester more CO2 from the atmosphere than was grown in the first place. So, it's additional carbon capture, it's the proper sort of additional carbon capture, they are producing real carbon offsets. This is something that people will undoubtedly genuinely want to buy in to and I think that it is something that the milling, baking and malting industries would do well to get really interested in too. The possibility of the milling supply chain generating its own carbon negative raw materials, is something which some people think is going to be many decades away - but the truth here is, it's right here on our doorstep.

Greening Finance: A roadmap to sustainable investing In November 2020, the UK government announced that it intends to make disclosure requirements mandatory across its economy by 2025. The Greening Finance roadmap outlines plans for new sustainability-related disclosures and implements a Green Taxonomy to evaluate corporate environmental behaviour and to counter so-called greenwashing. This scheme parallels one currently being introduced in the EU, with the ultimate objective being to establish a globally consistent reporting standard for environmental sustainability. Starting with “economically significant” companies, organisations will be required to make disclosures on their carbon reduction plans, with certain firms required to publish plans that align with the UK Government’s net zero commitment, or provide an explanation as to why they have not done so. The Green Taxonomy element will set out criteria that specific economic activities must meet to be considered environmentally sustainable and has six environmental objectives, which are: • Climate change mitigation • Climate change adaption • Sustainable use and protection of water and marine resources • Transition to a circular economy • Pollution prevention and control • Protection and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems The Roadmap will initially focus on developing the first two objectives (climate change mitigation and climate change adaption), before turning to the remaining four objectives in 2023.

EXTRUSION AND EXPANSION TECHNOLOGY YOU CAN TRUST with the Expander AL300 Which improves the quality of finished feed as well as a more efficient process. The Almex expanders have a reliably and sturdy design and are equipped by an unique Active Disk system (AD-system) in order to control exact product input and assure the quality of the product.

Scan the QR-Code for more information www.almex.nl

www.almex.nl Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 49

WHEN DRUGS WON’T WORK The ongoing journey toward an antibiotic-resistant future by James Cooper, Milling and Grain Correspondent, UK

James Cooper, our regular contributor and correspondent for Milling and Grain looks into the critical issue of antibiotic resistance in livestock and how this might impact human health in years to come if governments and health organisations do not develop a coordinated plan to address the issue. This is the first of a two-part feature: A look back at how we reached this point and in our January 2022 edition, a look forward as to how we might address the challenges raised

ou’d forgive me for feeling a futility for ‘recycling’ my coffee cup - when, for every cup of coffee consumed about one square inch of rainforest is destroyed - in a world that is overheating and where imminent ecological collapse looms closer with each sip I take. It’s too easy to be numbed by the rhetoric surrounding modern-day catastrophic events. And where next should we be focusing our efforts when there are so many disasters looming before us? This is not to make light of our plight. We have an individual responsibility of course – please rest assured I will recycle that coffee cup - but save your despair because, unless we can muster some collective responsibility, pretty soon we may not have to worry so much: ‘Superbugs’ could easily wipe us all out long before anything else comes to pass. Perhaps the most pressing issue and what we should be most alarmed about right now, is the rapid global spread of multi- and pan-resistant bacteria: The so-called ‘superbugs’ which cause infections that simply aren’t treatable with existing antimicrobial medicines, such as antibiotics. As I tune in to the BBC Radio 4 news, Health officials are reminding the public not to use antibiotics unnecessarily this winter because of concerns they're becoming less effective. In a report published today (17th November, marking the start of WAAW – World Anti-biotics Awareness Week), The UK Health Security Agency says one in five people who caught an infection last year had one which was resistant to antibiotic treatment.

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Drug resistance at an alarming pace

The World Health Organisation describes anti-microbial resistance (AMR) as one of the most urgent health threats of our time. According to the UK government’s AMR review, the global burden of infections resistant to existing antimicrobial medicines is now growing at an alarming pace. Drug-resistant infections are already responsible for more than 700,000 deaths globally each year. Without effective antibiotics, the world will no longer be able to fight many common bacterial infections, making takenfor-granted procedures like caesarean-section births, organ transplants, joint replacements and many cancer treatments simply unviable. In a post-antibiotic world, even a simple cut may have dire consequences. Former UK Prime Minister David Cameron said, "If we fail to act, we are looking at an almost unthinkable scenario where antibiotics no longer work, and we are cast back into the dark ages of medicine." But the unthinkable is happening. The United Nations now considers superbugs one of the biggest global public health concerns of the 21st century. Today, experts predict that if current practices are allowed to continue 10 million people will die each year from resistant infections by 2050. Across the world, intensive animal production systems have come to rely on the regular use of antimicrobials to maintain health (and in many instances productivity) in poultry and pig production. Strong legislation has been imposed in many countries especially in Europe. Zinc Oxide for pigs is soon to be banned in Europe and the UK. Aquaculture is not

F probably heard of MRSA, or methicillin resistant staph aureus, to give it its full name. It’s the most common hospital superbug. Or Gonorrhoea, one of the clearest examples of a pathogen that has out-competed antibiotics. Once treatable with sulphonamides (the original antibiotics), resistance rapidly emerged, followed by a form of penicillin resistance, which could initially be overcome by increasing the dose, but now penicillin doesn’t work either. There’s also Ecoli, antibiotic resistant strains of Tuberculosis in humans, and more recently reported, colistin resistant gramme negative bacteria such as Klebsiella. As again, colistin was one of the last antibiotics available against this bacteria. If the covid pandemic has taught us anything it’s surely the importance of not ignoring high consequence events that are heading our way, so why do we continue to ignore this global threat to our health?

The good, the bad and the ugly

excluded, but its use of antibiotics is for disease scenarios and not for growth promotion. But notwithstanding, between 2010-30, the global consumption of antimicrobials is predicted to increase by 67 percent from around 63,000 tonnes to an estimated 105,000 tonnes. Up to a third of the expected increase in livestock is based on a prediction that routine use of antibiotics for disease prevention - or growth promotion - will rise in many middle-income countries. Already, today there are several examples of important pathogens resistant to multiple antibiotics. For example, you've

Bacteria are everywhere and there are many different types. First, the harmless or even ‘good’ bacteria. Our intestines, for example, are home to many different commensal bacteria and they help keep our digestive system in good health. Then, we have the ‘bad’ bacteria, otherwise known as pathogens. These bacteria make us sick, for example, salmonella, tuberculosis, leptospirosis, pasteurella pneumonia, the list goes on. And last, but not least, we have ‘ugly’, the antibiotic-resistant bacteria. These may or may not be pathogens, but here’s the important bit: They have adapted to survive antibiotics. Whenever we use antibiotics, we impose a huge selection pressure, further speeding up the evolution of resistant bacteria.

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 51

F But there’s another crucial element to this: Bacteria can do something that animals can't, they can swap pieces of genetic material. Antibiotic resistance can be transferred to our worst pathogens. And this is how we get so-called antibiotic resistant ‘superbugs’. These are the disasters waiting to happen, which we must try and avoid; our worst pathogens, developing resistance to a multitude of antibiotics. A deadly cocktail, which can harm us all.

A story of dependency

The simple truth is that none of this will come as any surprise to microbiologists and we’ve been sleep-walking towards this situation for decades. AMR has been understood and acknowledged as an outcome since the very first discovery of sulphonamides in Germany in the late 1930s and many efforts have been made to control the use of antibiotics over the decades. But since the 1940s a sort of antibiotic Gold Rush has not only changed the way medicine works, but also changed the way agriculture works across the developing world. Actively promoted by pharmaceutical companies during the 1960s, antibiotics are used in agriculture to combat pathogens in animals, to prevent new infections - and perhaps most importantly, to promote the growth of animals by improving feed efficacy. Of course, this led to their adoption by progressive farming systems across the world and created a model of dependency. The figures speak for themselves. Intensive meat farming practices worldwide have, and continue to, play a large role in this problem: Roughly three-quarters of all antibiotics sold each year are marketed for use in farm animals rather than humans.

This is because for many years in the late 20th century, intensive farms relied on providing animals with continuous low doses of antibiotics, sometimes referred to as ‘sub-therapeutic use’ or growth promotion, a practice that is discouraged but continues today in many countries often under the guise of ‘ensuring meat safety’. Of course, as we know, this simply gives bacteria the perfect breeding ground to turn into pathogens. Antibiotics also are frequently accused of enabling poor conditions and overcrowding and leaving residuals that can trigger allergies in humans. But for the farmer they come with such significant benefits it’s a habit which is proving difficult to kick. And whilst there is an almost unanimous acknowledgement of the problems, changing farming practices is proving tricky.

The distribution of costs and benefit

Moreover, while antibiotics have enabled enhanced profitability in intensive systems with already tight margins; in poorer areas of the world, they have made rearing animals even possible. As demand for animal protein rises globally, this is a problem which continues to disproportionately affect low- and middleincome countries, where pressure is highest to intensify farming systems and where populations yearn to consume more meat. Therefore, reducing consumption requires some serious management. Consider the inherent difficulty caused by the distribution of the costs and benefits, where the cost of change appears mainly in the producing setting, and the benefits only appear to a large extent in the healthcare setting, the wider environment and society at large.

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Antimicrobial consumption per country in 2017 and 2030. The size of the circles corresponds to the amounts of antimicrobials used. Dark red circles correspond to the amounts used in 2017 and the outer blue ring corresponds to the projected increase in consumption in 2030. Global Trends in Antimicrobial Use in Food Animals from 2017 to 2030 by Katie Tiseo, Laura Huber, Marius Gilbert, Timothy P. Robinson and Thomas P. Van Boeckel

How did we get here?

But it’s important not to demonise antibiotics. They’re a valuable and an ancient medicine - traces of tetracycline (an antibiotic still in use today) were found in skeletons from ancient Nubians (350-550 AD) as well as in the guts of ancient mummies. Modern medicine was revolutionised from the mid-20th century after Alexander Fleming made his amazing discovery of identifying penicillin, which was heralded as a miracle drug – as indeed it was and still is – and was heavily used in World War II to treat Allied troops, despite Fleming’s warning that overuse could lead to mutant bacteria. By the mid-1950s, Fleming’s warning had become a selffulfilling prophecy as resistance to penicillin in humans had gradually built up due to the wide availability of the drug. However, it was the use of antibiotics in animals post-war that was the real game changer, when a British-American biologist Thomas Jukes discovered that in-feed use of tetracycline could help advance the growth of chickens. In Europe, use of antibiotics for growth promotion has been banned since 2006, so why are we still seeing a rise in their use? The answer lies in some key policy failures. In 1953, seduced by the thought of a post-war increase in meat production, the British government introduced the Therapeutic Substances (Prevention of Misuse) Act. Despite the Act’s reassuring name, it legalised the inclusion of very low doses of penicillin in the feed of pigs and poultry, without the need for a veterinary prescription, for the purpose of growth promotion. During the parliamentary debate, some concerns were raised about antibiotic resistance, but the then Health Minister, Iain

McLeod MP, assured MP’s that the government had received advice that “there will be no adverse effect whatever upon human beings.” Just one MP, Colonel Gomme-Duncan, spoke out strongly against growth promoters, asking: “May I ask whether we have all gone mad to want to give penicillin to pigs to fatten them? Why not give them good food, as God meant them to have?” Sure enough, by the late 1950s scientists were finding that strains of antibiotic-resistant salmonella were proliferating on British farms and their workers. The Swann Report effectively created a back door with far reaching consequences In 1969, responding to the emerging hazard to human health, the UK government commissioned the Swann Report which set out to end the overuse of antibiotics in farming and limit the spread of antibiotic resistance from animals to humans. It concluded that the use of antibiotics for growth promotion was a threat to human and animal health. The Swann Committee proposed a solution whereby a distinction would be made between antibiotics that were acceptable for routine use in feed (such as macrolides) and those that should be reserved for human medicine (such as penicillin and tetracycline). The recommendation of the Swann Committee was largely followed, both in the UK and in the European Economic Community. The use of penicillin and tetracycline as growth promotors was phased out. However, the Swann Report recommendation also created a back door: these drugs could still be used routinely for disease prevention in whole groups of animals with a veterinary prescription. Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 53

F Whilst focussing on ending the use of medically important antibiotics for growth promotion, it made no proposals for ending other types of routine use, including preventative group treatments, because the short-term economic benefits to the industry were given priority. Though hugely influential globally for its awareness raising it was a massive, missed opportunity. Swann essentially failed because, in trying to appease all parties, instead chose a compromise. Crucially, it recognised the important role that low concentration of antibiotics played in the growth rates of young pigs and poultry; a practice that has facilitated a prescription habit across much of the EU and certainly enabled commercial practice across the world to this day.

Finally, a ‘Swann song’ for routine and sub-therapeutic use?

In simple terms, opinion and guidance on the use of antibiotics still varies greatly from country-to-country. Sometimes presented as ‘routine’ use to prevent disease, the whole concept of prophylactic (preventative) treatment is widely debated. And it’s clear that the term means different things to different groups. Many industry insiders argue that ‘mass’ or ‘groupmedication’ can often be necessary. UK’s Responsible Use of Medicines in Agriculture alliance (RUMA) say that preventative treatment is sometimes the best course of action. This is the idea of prophylaxis, in other words using antibiotics to prevent disease rather than using it to treat disease. Far from the way it can be portrayed, they argue, oral treatment of groups of animals through their feed (or mass-medication) can be the most effective treatment method. This is especially so if given before disease affects their appetite. Catching and injecting individual animals can be also very stressful to the animal. Outdoor-reared animals, such as sows or free-range laying hens, drink rainwater, making application through the drinking water system unreliable and risks under-medication. Large groups of poultry could equally be stressed by catching, especially if a course involving daily treatment is needed. Hence, this makes individual treatment impractical. In-feed medication may therefore provide the most practicable option in many cases. And, of course, it should be up to the vet and the farmer to decide the optimum way to administer medication, which remains under veterinary control or prescription in the UK and EU. Moreover, during the last few years, RUMA says that the UK has seen a good reduction in use of antibiotics and improved susceptibility of e-coli to antibiotics. The UK VARSS (Veterinary Antibiotic Resistance and Sales Surveillance) Report published last month is certainly encouraging. Overall sales of veterinary antibiotics for food producing animals decreased by 52% between 2014 to November 2021, while sales of highest priority critically important antibiotics for food producing animals reduced for the 6th consecutive year, representing only 0.5% of the total antibiotic sales. For salmon, however, usage increased by 15.8 mg/kg since 2019, 13.2 mg/kg (82%) higher than in 2017 But the UK or even the EU case is not the norm, and without a concerted and systemic effort from governments and farming policymakers worldwide we are not going to shake off the looming threat. RUMA, and most British veterinary and farming organisations, do not support routine preventative use of antibiotics. But there is, however, a widely held and justifiable belief, by both medics and vets, that controlled intervention to prevent the outbreak and further spread of disease in infected or carrier animals, based on sound professional examination and advice, is better than cure. RUMA draw a subtle but essential distinction; those antibiotics ‘must not be used to compensate for poor hygiene or for inadequate husbandry conditions or where improvements in animal husbandry could reduce the need for antibiotic treatment’. John Fishwick, senior lecturer at the Royal Veterinary College (UK), emphasises why it’s important to draw a clear distinction between therapeutic use and sub-therapeutic use. ‘Therapeutic’ use refers to the amount of a medicine required to successfully treat disease. However, around the world low, or sub-therapeutic, concentrations of antibiotics are still given as feed and water additives to suppress disease, improve daily weight gain and improve feed efficiency through alterations in digestion, which Mr Fishwick recognises, globally, is still a huge problem. John Fishwick explains how in many countries, antibiotics are freely available and freely used. “It’s not my place to criticise [these countries], there are massive issues with antibiotic misuse, overuse and unregulated use all over the world. “Human antibiotics are being used as animal growth promoters, and it's a major concern - it’s very bad news and the sooner that stops, the better”, he says. “Antibiotics as growth promoters have no place in farming today.” 54 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

F However, Mr Fishwick concedes the while issues are acknowledged, solutions are complex. “I wouldn’t be so arrogant to say that countries are not behaving responsibly, but some have other issues to deal with, and they are really trying to get this sorted out. They are really struggling because people are poor, and they need these antibiotics to successfully rear the animals.” “But I think often people confuse that pretty terrible situation with what is actually quite a positive story in the UK where a huge amount of work has been done,” he adds. “Using antibiotics as a growth promoter, thank goodness, is now illegal in the EU and I think it's recognised that it was an appalling practice,” Mr Fishwick explains. “Now, in the UK, we should very definitely only be using antibiotics to treat disease. We should not be saying, ‘give this group of animals antibiotics at this stage because it’s a high-risk period’. That is absolutely considered irresponsible and extremely unusual, if not illegal. And it’s important not to demonise the role of antibiotics in farming systems, Mr Fishwick explains: “One of the main ways this problem can be addressed is by careful stewardship of antibiotics in people and animals, and this requires joined up thinking. “There's been a very unfortunate tendency for the animal health industry to say it's all down to doctors, and the medical side to say it's all down to animal husbandry and animal health, and in fact both sides of the equation need to be addressed,” he says.

A multi-pronged approach

Building awareness is the first step in addressing the public’s behaviour and it seems there is much work to be done in that area. Research carried out by the Wellcome Trust to explore a consumer perspective on antimicrobial resistance, completed in 2015, revealed that the issue is still widely misunderstood by most people. ReAct is one of the first international independent networks to articulate the complex nature of antibiotic resistance and its drivers. The team, which includes microbiologists, physicians, veterinarians and global health specialists are focussed on mobilising change at both a policy and grassroots level by sharing information across five continents.

Andrea Caputo MSc PhD, Global Health Advisor, ReAct

ReAct now has teams in Africa, Asia Pacific Latin America, Europe and North America. Andrea Caputo, MSc and PhD, says there’s no one simple solution, that a multi-pronged approach is needed. “There is no single ‘silver bullet’; AMR is a systems failure requiring a cross-sectoral response,” he says.

Outsiders and insiders

It is apparent that key to change will be outsiders, who see the problem and debate it in the media and lobby government to set targets: and industry insiders who see the problem and set about making practical changes to animal husbandry and farming practices. Mr Fishwick offers an analogy on this last point. “Increases of antibiotic is often associated with poor husbandry. I often say this to my students - if we put you all in a dark classroom with all the windows closed, with the heating turned up, by the end day a lot of you are going to be quite unwell. “If we have people in lovely, uncrowded accommodation with lots of fresh air, they're probably going to come out all smiles. It’s exactly the same with animals. “There’s a big drive in this country, and of course necessary all around the world, to improve husbandry, reduce stocking rates, look after animals well, house them and feed them well. “And when that doesn’t happen, there's a tendency for people to cover-up the cracks with antibiotics, which obviously is very, very bad practice, both on a welfare front and an anti-microbial resistance front”, Mr Fishwick adds. Intensive farm systems across the globe have, without doubt, created a structural need for disease prevention, where the line between disease prevention and growth promotion remains blurred. Therefore, the whole issue surrounding antibiotics use raises important questions about our animal farming practices and expectations: What we are willing to pay for meat to sustain the husbandry required to keep animals healthy and equally, what we should be feeding animals. We’ll take a deeper look at these ideas – especially regarding functional feed additives like prebiotics, probiotics and phytobiotics, where huge investment is being made for poultry, swine and fish - in next month’s January 2022 edition of Milling and Grain.

John Fishwick, senior lecturer at the Royal Veterinary College, UK

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 57

3-in-1 simultaneous sorting solution Boosting quality & efficiency for Chilean walnut exporter

ince investing in Bühler’s ‘three-machinesin-one-solution’, the Sortex F optical sorter, leading exporter of nuts and dried fruits in Chile, Pacific Nuts, has reduced its input shell contamination from five percent to 0.4 percent. The company has also successfully adhered to the strictest quality export standards of a maximum of one shell per 250 kg of walnuts. Often cited as the best quality walnuts in the world, Chilean walnuts are renowned for their distinctive light colour, rich flavour, and long shelf-life. Loaded with proteins, fatty acids, antioxidants, and phytochemicals, regular consumption of these walnuts is believed to maintain the brain’s cognitive function, reduce the risk of type two diabetes, and boost heart health and metabolism. In tandem with the ongoing healthy eating trend that’s gripping consumers across the globe, demand for Chilean walnuts is increasing.   As one of the largest exporters of nuts and dried fruits in Chile, Pacific Nuts decided to invest in the Sortex FB2 optical sorter with BioVision technology from Bühler to meet this growing demand and to maintain its high-quality standards in walnut processing.

Quality standards

Pacific Nuts has approximately 400 employees working across four processing facilities, each dedicated to a different commodity: walnuts, almonds, prunes, and raisins. The company works hard to connect nut and dried fruit growers with consumers from all over the world. 20 percent of the products processed are grown from their own orchards. “We studied the FB2 machine, and we liked its performance and versatility; it was the perfect fit to fulfil our goal of having the greatest quality walnuts in the market,” says Cristian Infante,

58 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

General Manager for Pacific Nuts. “The Chilean walnut industry as a whole is expecting a harvest of between 140,000-145,000 tons of walnuts in 2021, a volume that will, of course, be confirmed once the season is over. But so far, it looks to be greater than the 130,000 tons we recorded in 2020. So, we look forward to putting our FB2 to good use!” he adds. “Last season, the company exported 6500 tons, but it is hoping to dispatch around 9000 tons to its main European market and growing markets in Asia and the US next year. Subsequently, strict quality export standards must be met. “We must adhere to a maximum of one shell per 250 kg. With our Sortex FB2 machine, we can meet this requirement. Our five percent input shell contamination is reduced to 0.4 percent after just one pass through the Sortex F sorter,” states Mr Infante.

3-in-1 smooth handling solution

The Sortex FB2 can smoothly handle walnut halves of up to eight-ton capacities per hour in a 1200 mm tray. With Bühler’s unique ability to ‘split’ its machines for multiple re-sorting, both mechanically and at a software level, Pacific Nuts has benefitted from a three-machines-in-one-solution, consisting of 600, 400, and 200 mm independent partitions. The primary partition is intended to quickly and efficiently process an average of 1.5 to 2.5 tons of walnuts halves per hour, removing not only colour defects, septum nuts, and foreign material such as sticks and stones, but also sorting the halves by shape – this allows the company to remove any large, medium or small pieces from its main product flow. The remaining two partitions are used to re-sort the rejects online, helping to reduce good product losses and unnecessary bins/grain containers handling and optimising logistics and processing times within the plant.

F Unique shape technology

“After the cracking process, a mixture of halves and quarters is obtained, which are separated by sieves and also by the Sortex F. Having a system for the separation by shape and size is really helpful since it allows us to keep more than 85 percent of our halves. “Reaching these values simplifies the task at the selection tables, which increases our efficiency and allows us to produce a high-quality product,” Mr Infante says. This is all thanks to Bühler’s PROfile shape detection software. Unique shape recognition algorithms can detect any misshapen halves (3/4, large, medium, and small pieces), as well as sticks and foreign material. “PROfile technology ensures that we have minimum product waste and maximum profits,” Mr Infante adds.

Challenges & opportunities

"The Sortex F is a popular choice amongst nut processors in Chile due to its incredible versatility,” says Uriel Tosco, Managing Director at Sortechnology SpA. “With the ability to solve up to three different processes in the same sorter, the Sortex F simultaneously combines our cutting-edge colour, texture, and shape technologies for unmatched FM detection.” Like many businesses, in 2020, Pacific Nuts faced challenges that they could never have anticipated: a world pandemic. “Fortunately, the food industry and, in particular, our business did not stop. On the contrary, consumption of our products increased throughout the year, which allowed us to end the year on a positive note,” states Mr Infante. “In 2021, we will be taking the opportunity to update our machinery and increase our production capacity by 30 percent, meaning in this coming season, we will have more and betterquality products to offer our customers.”

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 59

THE SUPERIOR IS BACK Ocrim's compact mill that combines functionality with beauty in design by Andrew Wilkinson, Milling and Grain magazine ince the beginning of time, where crops have grown, man has lived, what is needed to sustain grain - sunlight, good soil and water, is also needed by mankind to thrive. This remained the case for many millions of years. Then, as time passed and the global population grew, the human race began to spread across the world’s surface, with some

60 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

groups settling in regions with climates that made sustaining grain difficult, often rendering it a scarce resource. When a vital raw material becomes a scarce resource, the importance of processing it into food efficiently becomes paramount. So, if we are going to truly realise the maximum potential nutritional gains from our harvests, then we are going to have to harness the power of modern expertise and machinery - which is where the Ocrim Superior comes in.

Solving a number of burdensome issues

Far from being a new brand, the story relating to the Superior name actually dates back to the 1950s, when a war ravaged Italy sought to replace mills that were destroyed during the Second World War. In order to bridge this gap, the company created modular mills. The modern Superior’s ‘Grandad’ was a functional two-level mill that could fit comfortably into a prefabricated shed or barn. As well as its ease of installation, it also solved a number of other issues - especially in countries where the cost of constructing buildings was too high or in regions that were seismically active or geologically unstable. These warmer climes were further served by its open layout that afforded operators unprecedented levels of ventilation, whilst its compact and stripped back nature also removed the need for the mills to be managed, thus reducing labour costs too. This forefather of the modern Superior mill was swiftly

F manufactured and tested within the company, before then being shipped directly to the customer. It no doubt contributed to the company’s global success for almost two decades. However, as one would probably expect of a swiftly assembled 1950s mill, these initial machines carrying the Superior name were not very energy efficient. Fast forward two generations, we enter the 1980s and 90s and we see the demand change to more compact mills. In order to adapt to this shift in consumer priorities, Ocrim begins to create a compact plant to ship to developing countries - like the Milling Compact Unit MCA. Returning to the present day, the bulk of the market demands top capacity mills. That said, there are also an increasing number of requests from those that are catering to the niche markets. The world also finds itself at war once again, this time with a very different enemy - but one that has emptied our supermarket shelves, nonetheless. So, with food a scarce resource once again in some locations, the time has come to resurrect the Superior name, with Ocrim choosing a webinar as a platform to release this news. Webinars for Ocrim started one year ago, and in pandemic prone times they have proven to be a vital line of communication between Ocrim and its customers. Now, following a break in August, which the webinar’s presenters describe as being “indispensable for all of us” - the company’s communications team returns with its most recent offering. This edition, “OcrimWebinar - The Superior Is Back” sees the return of Anna Buffa, food entertainer, who introduces Stefano Mazzini - a man who has spent 30 years with the company although he stresses that this is definitely not a bad thing! In the weeks leading up to the broadcast, the company was working on the logo and releasing small snippets of information. All of which

should have given everyone a rough idea what this webinar is about.

Something special - not your classic pre-assembled mill

When this latest Ocrim Superior project began, the company wanted to make a beautiful design that was also functional something special, not your classic pre-assembled mill. The cube shape is also perfect for Ocrim, as it is super transparent and easy to understand - everyone knows what it is, begins Mr Mazzini, who if you were to encounter him on any other day, would be Ocrim’s Sales and Marketing Director. Although the name may be old, he continues, the technology contained within the new incarnation of the Ocrim Superior is both new and cutting edge – with the cutting edge aspect not only limited to the design, but to its manufacture too. “It does not take

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 61

F long to make it, test it and deliver it,” states Mr Mazzini. Much of its aesthetic elements are also fully customisable including its colours, the materials used in the manufacturing process, its external design and technical solutions. It is worth noting that the milling mechanism cannot be customised - as the technology contained within it is what the company describes as being “fundamental”. The Superior mill is available in four different models, Passion, Natural, Style and Gold with editions available for a range of processing applications. Each unit includes a complete cleaning line equipped with high-performance machines, built and produced according to high quality standards. The system can be composed of numerous and different options to make it highly customised according to the needs of each individual customer. Furthermore, the Natural edition of the Superior is created using a selection of carefully chosen materials, with as much as possible manufactured from sustainable materials such as composites, including its supports. The external panels, which at first glance could easily be mistaken for natural wood are also manufactured from a similar materials. Relatively speaking, just like with the Superior back in the 1950s, this edition requires low investment. One of the limitations of the original design was that it used much more energy than a typical mill, however market forces now deem this to be unacceptable. In response to this change in demand, the edition of the new mill affords 20 percent energy savings when compared to more conventional designs available on the market. Like its predecessor, the new mill is a readily available project that can be installed in the most basic of structures. So, you don’t need multi-storey buildings in order to accommodate the Ocrim Superior, you just need a simple industrial plant. The pre-assembled modules are also quick and easy to install as they only require general connections. This makes the installation process much cheaper and can lead to a 70 percent time saving when compared to the installation of a normal plant. All in all, Mr Mazzini states that the company can take you from order, to shipping and installation in just six months.

Assured support from order to installation & beyond

Throughout this period, Ocrim offers a new fully integrated manufacturing strategy that includes technical support and project management. This element also includes maintenance and management training courses, which are delivered directly to your production team during the testing phase. Once this phase has been completed, the Ocrim Superior plant is then manageable through touch screen panels. Full control is also assured by an automated system that is optimised for mobile devices, smartphones and tablets. The company also offers remote and affiliate assistance -

On the Ocrim Superior website you can find information on assembly, installation and the customisation options: www.ocrimsuperior.com

62 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

because, anything that can happen often will happen. On the subject of who will be interested in Ocrim’s latest machine, speaking with the confidence and passion that we have all grown to expect from the Cremona based outfit, Mr Mazzini states that the entire world will be. He then clarifies his statement by stating that there will be many new investors or those with large industrial plants with large production capacities and small business owners who want to approach the niche milling market. There is no doubt that this has been and continues to be a very important project for the company and the name Superior is a story that has so far spanned over 70 years, with it looking like carrying on for many more to come.

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Fly in the ointment or a buzzing success?

Insect meal protein as an ingredient for fish and shrimp feed

by Professor Simon J Davies, IAF Editor & Adjunct Professor, National University of Ireland, Galway

n September I had the privilege of addressing the Thailand-based Aquafeed Production training School. I was assigned a topic now very much in the headlines of animal nutrition feed resources. Organised in partnership by this magazine with Roger Gilbert and Yiannis Christodoulou from Progresso Agrischools, the entire aquafeed production process is dissected on a weekly basis through a series of live sessions and recorded presentations that are delivered to a large mainly Middle East and SE Asia audience. My address focussed on insect meal as a component in commercial diets for fish and shrimp as an alternative strategy to the traditional feed ingredients employed such as fishmeal and plant by-products that heavily depend on soybean, corn glutens, rapeseed and many other concentrates. It is without doubt that the perceived protein gap needs to be addressed by consideration of an array or potential novel sources. These have recently included many trials to assess algae, bacterial and yeast type proteins. We certainly need a spectrum of raw material choices to satisfy the demands of stringent feed formulations to balance the diet and target nutritional specifications for various species of fish and different stages of the production life cycle. Insect meal protein may come from several types of insects and in my talk, I briefly mentioned these that included beetle larvae, meal worms and locusts. However, the main focus was on the black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) that has contributed more to this agenda and the subject of much scientific and technical interests and dissemination within the animal feed industry as a major player. Indeed, many companies large and small as SME’s have been busy perfecting their own approach to exploiting the conversion of specific organic waste streams to produce larvae from the BSF. The advantages of very high fecundity and efficiency of production and high biomass of excellent nutritional profile has made this operation viable. 64 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

According to FAO there are 1900 identified edible insect species. However, considering the global interest and the number of companies developing black soldier fly (BSF) production systems, it is reasonable to place the focus on this species.

A widespread, non-harmful dipteran insect

The BSF is a widespread, non-harmful dipteran insect that is able, at the larvae stage, to convert a broad range of organic materials into protein and energy-rich biomass and natural fertilizer (i.e., insect droppings, also called ‘frass’). Besides, its short life cycle, high prolificacy and ability to withstand high individual density make this insect ideal for mass-production. Researchers and the emerging industry are conducting extensive studies and trials to assess the nutritional quality and functionalities of insect-based products. Palatability, digestibility and benefits for animal health offered by BSF meal and oil are also investigated as they are added-value features. Insect protein for animal feed will provide a comprehensive perspective on the state of the industry and recent research findings regarding the nutritional properties of insect products across key application domains including aquaculture (fish and shrimp), poultry, pigs, and pet food. BSF larvae are rich in protein on a dry matter basis and the essential amino acid profile is excellent for most animal species and especially fish. It mainly matches the EAA pattern of fish tissue and can be expected to result in high protein efficiency ratio. The content of fat is good, it is low in the Omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA and DHA but higher in the less important fatty acids for fish. The crude lipid content of insects’ ranges from 8.5 percent to 36 percent, while the fatty acids profiles are variable and dependent on developmental stage and the substrates used as a nutrient source. Nonetheless, there are technologies being evaluated to effectively de-fat the BSF larvae and direct the oil to other uses and possibly industrial applications for bio-fuel.

F Rich in natural vitamins & minerals

BSF larvae are rich in natural vitamins and minerals especially trace elements. It would appear that although the nutritional composition is quite resilient it can be influenced by the nature of the substrates source with potential to modulate the fatty acid profile towards the fish species of concern. There has been work to utilise fish waste from processing and seaweeds in the matrix to alter favourably the FA levels and raise omega-3 long chain fatty acids. Another aspect I noted was the small but significant chitin content of BSF meal since insects have an outer cuticle exoskeleton containing this complex polysaccharide molecule of N-Acetyl glucosamine that contains Nitrogen. In fact, this N can distort the analysis on the insect meal as it is counted within the traditional Kjeldahl crude protein (N*6.25) assay and contributes to slight errors with regard to comparing crude protein between different feed ingredients. The ‘true’ protein summation of all the amino acids would give a more informative measure. The crude protein level in most insects ranges from 40 percent to 63 percent; however, defatted insect meal can contain up to 83 percent crude protein. The amino acid profiles are taxon dependent and vary with species, with the Diptera group (true flies) demonstrating similar profiles to that of fish meal. Chitin is quite indigestible but partial degradation occurs in the hind gut of fish by the microbial fermentation. This is more active in wild fish compared to the less biodiverse microflora in farmed fish with lower chitinoclastic (Chitin attacking) bacteria present. I mentioned that there could be some element of chitin acting as a functional feed additive since oligosaccharides of this type can trigger changes in the gut microbiota and positively influence hind gut fermentation and promote immune enhancement.

Positive impacts on gut health through a modulation of the microbiota of fish is still controversial and is related to its dietary level of inclusion; when included at low levels, it might act as prebiotic, immuno-stimulant and anti-inflammatory molecule, while if included at high doses it might reduce fish growth and cause intestinal inflammation. Insects are also a primary source of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and more than 50 putative active peptides have been identified in BSF larvae. As such, AMPs are key components of the innate immune system of most animals and have a broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, fungi, some parasites and viruses.

Enhanced immunity & disease resistance

Studies on Pacific white shrimp, Atlantic salmon and yellow catfish suggest that insect AMPs may enhance the immunity and disease resistance of these species. Significantly better survival rates were also noticed in successive feeding and nutritional trials and health status evaluation. The use of processed animal proteins derived from insects in farmed fish feeding is recognised by the EU legislation that authorises the use of proteins from seven insect species and the specifically allowed substrates to rear insects. Insects have several advantages in nutritional value and the amino acid composition of their proteins generally meet animal requirements for good growth and health across the target species. The SWOT analysis indicated that insect meals can be considered as feed functional ingredients with beneficial properties that depend on the insect species, rearing system adopted, and the substrate used for their growth. Insects are expected to be increasingly used as a replacement for conventional animal-derived proteins, especially in the aqua sector.

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F The benefits of using insect meal from an environmental and sustainable perspective are clear and include:

• The high feed conversion rate of insects (for example, crickets can potentially convert two kilograms of feed into one kilogram of protein, compared with cattle which require around eight kilograms of feed to produce one kilogram of protein) • Lower greenhouse gas emissions and a lower carbon footprint • The ability of insects to feed on organic waste and be able to convert waste into high quality protein • Excellent example of the cyclic economy and reduction of environmental impact • Local production close to farms and animal production facilities and feed mills In my presentation, I highlighted the changing legislation concerning the inclusion of insect meals in diets for fish, poultry and companion animal feeds where they are becoming popular as well as the many constraints to consider.

Overcoming potential bottlenecks

The main bottlenecks would be variation in the nutritional value of many insect derived meals, digestibility of the meal compared to fishmeal and other ingredients and aspects relating to uniform quality control. The scale of production globally needs to increase substantially, and numerous companies are engaged in the production of insect meals with some very advanced processing technology being employed. More coordination in their production and transportation would beM&G_febbraio_2021_ESP.pdf beneficial for a comprehensive supply chain. Commercial 1 27/01/21 15:23

CMY

66 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

insect producing enterprises span the globe with a number in Europe, Africa and the USA with more becoming operational in Southeast Asia. Many university institutions are undertaking experimental trials with insect meal and I have also been working in this area with studies on African catfish and rainbow trout. These have led to numerous scientific peer-reviewed publications and review articles. I am therefore confident that production will be elevated to provide this novel ingredient source in a suitable volume and price for regular inclusion in many types of aquafeed for both fish and shrimp. In time, it could be a well-established commodity to occupy the protein and energy gap as aquaculture expands globally. Since linear least cost formulation is at the centre of commercial diet specifications it would be imperative to reach cost levels equitable or more competitive with currently used ingredients and raw materials. Cost will be the main driver and acceptance but from a nutritional standpoint insect meal proteins are nutritionally robust and will increasingly become a viable and sustainable option over the next decade. In this month’s edition of International Aquafeed we have a number of exciting articles on alternative proteins, in response to the challenge that the aquaculture industry faces in finding more sustainable alternatives to aqua feed. James Cooper’s article looks at new legislation which allows for the feeding of novel protein PAP in poultry, while another from Gepro Geflüge looks at including feather meal in pacific white shrimp. Already in a good position for its low carbon footprint, aquaculture is poised to oversee new, sustainable developments in aqua feed.

Enhancing traditional methods for flour quality analysis

Automating the SRC method saves time and optimises process efficiencies by Olivier Le Brun, Chopin Product & Application Specialist with KPM Analytics, France

Dr Louise Slade, who codeveloped the manual SRC method, passed away on October 7, 2021. The entire KPM Analytics team would like to recognise Dr Slade’s tremendous contribution to and the profound impact on the baking and milling industries.

lour has been an integral part of human subsistence for centuries. Over the years, as with anything having a long history, there has been a gradual but consistent evolution of grain, wheat, and flour processing. When it comes to maintaining flour quality, there has also been an evolution of testing procedures and processes that have been used – all of them with an inherent list of benefits and challenges. Whether it’s a miller conducting flour quality testing several times a day or a cracker producer testing raw materials coming into the plant once a week, flour quality testing is critical to ensuring the best

possible final product. For decades, rheological tools, such as the Alveograph were used to help assess the baking quality of wheat flour. And in the late 1980s, Louise Slade and Harry Levine (Nabisco company (now Mondelez), USA) developed the Solvent Retention Capacity (SRC) method to complement the information provided by the Alveograph. As a result of the work of Doctors Slade and Levine, the manual SRC method has been recognised as the standard for the industry and has been identified as the AACC (Cereals & Grains Association, formerly American Association of Cereal Chemists) method 56-11.02 SRC.

Comprehensive analysis

As fundamental as flour has been to our existence, it’s only been in modern times that more sophisticated technology has been available to obtain a true understanding of numerous components or variables, such as flour hydration or damaged starch, and the SRC method is one of those “recent” technological advancements. The SRC method provides data to determine how we can impact the growth of various types of wheat; the benefits of different types of wheat and the flours produced; or how different types of flour will react to the commercial baking processes required to mass-produce baked products. For millers, the SRC method has become key in evaluating, identifying, and selecting preferred hard wheat and soft wheat flours for a wide variety of bakery applications, or as a

68 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

method to enhance biscuit wheat breeding, procurement, flour milling, flour quality and performance and cracker/cookie product quality and conformance. For food producers, by better selecting their flour supplies, they can limit the adjustments of their production line, which represents a considerable advantage in terms of productivity and quality. The SRC method is typically performed by laboratory technicians, and as part of a raw materials control process, the lab results would be reviewed by a quality manager or a production manager. Or, if the SRC testing is done as part of the development of a new product, the R&D manager would assess the results. In either case, the SRC method provides important data to the facility and ensures that whatever action is needed can be taken to improve the product and/or the process. The SRC method characterises flour hydration qualities; specifically, the water absorption tendencies, which is a critical element in the baking process. Depending on the amount of water, it can have problematic repercussions on the production line or on the final product. If too little water is added to the flour, the dough is brittle, dry, and hard; if too much water is added, the dough becomes sticky, wet, and soft. With this valuable information provided by the SRC method, millers and bakers have a better understanding of their product as well as their process and can ultimately optimise product quality.

Saving considerable time & effort

As much as the SRC method has been an important tool for the industry, providing critical information for millers and bakers alike, it hasn’t been without its challenges and drawbacks. One of the primary challenges of the manual method is that it’s a laborious and time-consuming process, requiring a lab technician to execute multiple steps over a one-hour period. From the initial preparation of individual solvent solutions, to the weighing of flour, mixing and shaking of the solvent and flour solution, centrifugation, decanting/ draining of the supernatant, to weighing of the remaining pellet, the manual method isn’t necessarily complicated, but there are numerous steps that require the focused attention of the technician throughout the entire testing process. A distraction from the process could result in inaccurate or incomplete testing. Additionally, lab technicians working for the same company, but operating in different locations, may perform the test slightly different, which means the company is getting inconsistent results from location to location. Given the multiple steps in the manual process, there are equal numbers of opportunities for human error or even simple data variations, which makes it difficult to replicate the testing method from one batch of flour to the next, from one technician to the next, or from one facility to the next. So, when a producer is making crackers or cookies or tortillas, and the product needs to be identical in San Francisco or Paris, having multiple opportunities for human error during a QC test can often impact product consistency and quality. Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 69

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Providing valuable flour quality data & information

Since its development in the late 1980s, the SRC method has provided valuable flour quality data and information to the industry, in spite of the challenges, and it’s been responsible for important advancements – not the least of which is the development of new wheat strains. Given the proven significance of the manual method, there were those who felt there was an opportunity to automate the manual SRC method, to take advantage of further technological capabilities and make it that much more appealing. In 2014, Chopin Technologies, a KPM Analytics brand, and the company behind the development of rheological test standards that the industry has been using for 100 years, developed the SRC-Chopin Analyzer that automates the manual method. Today, with standardised automated methods from both AACC and ICC (56-15.01 and 186, respectively), this automated alternative delivers the same information as the manual method, but in a simpler and more precise and consistent way. The SRC-Chopin 2 Analyzer, the second-generation instrument recently introduced into the market by KPM Analytics, provides a complete walk-away operation, reducing operator involvement by 60 percent. To run the automated tests using the analyser, training for lab staff is minimal. The technician simply fills the syringes and tubes and weighs the samples, and the analysis is performed by the instrument, including calculating results at the end of the test. Injection, shaking, centrifugation and calculation operations are all carried out by the analyser, freeing up the lab technician to do other important tasks. The automation also reduces operator engagement and ultimately minimises the impact of operator error. With the automated process being simpler, more precise, and more consistent, the analyser supplies data that is 30 percent more repeatable with a process that is 50 percent more reproducible than the manual method. With the automated process, person-to-person, experiment-to-experiment, and site-to-site variability is essentially eliminated, enabling flour standardisation across suppliers and across facility locations, whilst bakers and millers can make confident assessments regarding their flour quality and final product requirements. Additionally, the improved data of the automated method provides a common language across the grain and flour value chain, which establishes a strong basis for commercial transactions.

Increased repeatability & reproducibility

In looking at various testing processes that have been developed over the years for the milling and baking industry, flour quality testing such as the SRC method have provided millers and bakers with important information that allows them to continuously improve their end-product and to gain a better understanding of their process. In automating the manual SRC method, advancing flour quality testing, progress has been made and efficiencies have been gained, saving time and money. Whilst the increased repeatability and reproducibility of the testing allows the industry to optimise their process and modernise their facilities well into the future. Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 71

A global need for nutrients Everything you need to know about fortified rice

by DSM, The Netherlands

Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are also an issue outside ice kernels can be fortified with of low-income countries, affecting most regions worldwide at several micronutrients, such as iron, varying levels. While malnutrition is often associated with those folic acid and other B-complex not consuming enough calories, the lack of essential vitamins vitamins, vitamin A and zinc. Size, and minerals in ample or high calorie diets is a prominent issue, shape and color of fortified kernels known as 'hidden hunger’. can be adapted to local needs. Fortified rice cooks, tastes, and looks the same as ordinary rice. A global Filling the nutrient gap need for nutrients The popularity of rice presents an opportunity to fill the nutrient As one of the world’s most widely consumed foods, rice plays gap in rice-eating populations worldwide by increasing the a significant role in many diets around the globe. In low income nutritional value of rice. A wide variety of vitamins, minerals countries, it can make up to 70 percent of an individual’s calorie and other nutrients such as amino acids and fibres can be added intake. post-harvest to effectively address malnutrition and contribute to Although it is a great source of energy, it is a poor source of Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG2). micronutrients and has a low overall nutritional value beyond A growing number of countries have mandated rice fortification carbohydrates and protein. This is because the milling process and are fortifying rice distributed through social safety nets (for that produces white rice removes the fat, as well as the more example school feeding), or have set voluntary rice fortification nutrient-rich bran layers. standards to address hidden hunger. Parboiled rice, brown rice and biofortified rice (for example high-zinc Rice fortification terminology (post-harvest) rice) are more nutritious compared to Term Definition white rice in one or a few essential Fortificant: selected vitamins and minerals used to fortify rice micronutrients. This is due to different Fortificant mix or micronutrient premix powder blend of various vitamins and minerals paddy processing or utilising more Fortified rice kernels rice kernel-shaped kernels that are fortified with vitamins and nutritious rice varieties. minerals and are mixed with the regular rice In this article the focus will be on postFortified rice regular rice blended with the fortified kernels, typically at 0.5-2% harvest rice fortification – the addition of To have a positive health impact, fortified rice needs to have good: several essential vitamins, minerals and Stability during transport and storage potentially other nutrients to make any Retention during cooking & preparation Consumer acceptability rice variety more nutritious post-harvest Absorption by the body of the used micronutrients and after paddy processing.

72 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Rice can be made more nutritious by adding vitamins, minerals and other nutrients to replenish micronutrients lost in the milling process and reinforce its nutritional value. Fortified rice can be adjusted based on the nutritional needs and can made to resemble the different rice varieties.

Methods of making rice more nutritious post-harvest

Dusting is a process where rice kernels are dusted with a micronutrient powder, relying on an electrostatic force to bind the dry powder to the surface of the grain. Fortified rice produced by dusting cannot be washed or cooked in excess of water. Coating is a method that involves the use of a fortificant mix and ingredients such as wax or gum to ‘fix’ the micronutrient layer being sprayed onto rice. The produced fortified kernels are blended with regular rice, typically at 0.5-2 percent ratio. Hot or warm extrusion is considered the most robust method of rice fortification, supported by extensive evidence base to have a positive impact on micronutrient deficiencies. Broken rice grains are ground into rice flour, then mixed with water and the required nutrients to produce a dough. The fortified dough is then passed through an extruder to produce the fortified kernels, which are then blended with regular rice typically at 0.5-2 percent ratio. The temperature at which the extrusion takes place determines if we speak of hot or warm extrusion and has an influence on the rice starch gelatinisation and thus firmness of the produced fortified kernels. Selecting an appropriate technology and fortificant forms to fortify rice post-harvest is crucial to successfully improve micronutrient health. In countries where rice is frequently washed, soaked or cooked in excess water, dusting will not be effective, and a coating technology needs to be rinse resistant to be effective. Hot extrusion is supported by a robust evidence base and shows excellent consumer acceptability. The fortified rice looks, cooks and tastes the same as non-fortified rice.

Benefits of fortification & beyond

The overarching purpose of fortified rice is to meet nutritional goals for the end consumer. In order for nutritional programs to reach their full benefit, fortification programs need to meet certain requirements in order to be effective. Ease of use As a widely used staple food, it is simple to replace standard rice with fortified rice to boost the nutritional profile of a simple diet. With certain methods of fortification, consumer usage is key in effectiveness. However, advances in fortification technologies, such as the use of hot extrusion, also ensure the added high-quality micronutrients remain stable without requiring a behaviour change or further education for the end consumer.

Low cost

The specific costs of fortified rice depend on several factors, such as the scale of the operation and the blending ratio of fortified to non-fortified kernels - most commonly 0.5-2 percent. Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 73

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F However, rice fortification costs are small compared to the wide-reaching benefits. The cost impact is around 0.5-3 percent, yet such strategies can help tackle malnutrition at both a population and personal level.

Consistency for consumers

It looks, cooks, and tastes the same as non-fortified rice. This is great for individuals in low income countries, where awareness and education on both nutrition and usage of fortified rice may be lacking.

Market differentiation for brands

Fortified rice can also be customised for specific needs. It presents a solution for health-conscious consumers looking for new ways to reach specific health benefits.

Reducing micronutrient deficiencies for governments and schools

For governments, mandatory rice fortification can support a country to significantly reduce micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs), though this does rely heavily on successful and widereaching implementation and is very challenging when the rice milling landscape is highly fragmented. There’s also the opportunity to build fortified rice into school feeding programs and government social safety nets, offering the same benefits on a smaller scale, but targeting vulnerable populations at high risk of deficiencies.

Case study: fortification in practice

Fortification itself is not a new concept. It has served as a

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popular method of improving public health for more than 90 years. While over 30 percent of industrially milled wheat flour and almost half of industrially milled maize flour is fortified worldwide, efforts to fortify rice are relatively new. About one percent of industrially milled rice is fortified. Due to the growing pool of scientific evidence supporting the positive nutritional effects of rice fortification, it is expected to see substantial growth. Rice fortification presents an opportunity to reach hundreds of millions of people in parts of the world where rice is the most commonly consumed grain. Rice fortification is currently mandatory in eight countries: Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, some states of the United States and voluntary in another eight countries: Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belize, India, Myanmar, Peru, and Venezuela. Since 2001, all rice in Costa Rica is required to be fortified with vitamins B₁ (thiamin), B₃ (niacin), B₁₂ (cobalamin), E, folic acid, selenium and zinc. This, alongside fortification of other food vehicles such as salt, wheat flour, and milk, is considered to have significantly helped improve the nation’s micronutrient status. As a result of the wider fortification program, micronutrient status has improved across Costa Rica, and the country has seen reductions in conditions associated with micronutrient deficiencies, such as anemia and neural tube defects. The success of Costa Rica’s rice fortification program is due to a combination of factors. Its experience in, and understanding of, fortification for other foods is key, as is its centralised rice industry, alongside the government’s commitment to the scheme.

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AGGLOMERATION IN ANIMAL FEED PRODUCTION Its various forms, causes and suggestions for reducing unplanned occurrences by Murat Şentürk, R&D Engineer, Yemmak, Turkey

gglomeration is the process of combining particles to create products with lumps of a much larger size. Expansion by agglomeration is one of the four main operations in mechanical process engineering, which deals with dust and bulk materials. These four processes are degradation, mixing, size reduction, and size enlargement (Agglomeration). Size enlargement can take many different forms. For example, pelleting, which is widely known, is one of the mechanical agglomeration methods. It may seem like an insignificant factor to be taken into account, but the particle size of a material has a huge impact on the performance of the material, both as a raw or an end product. Particle size affects various properties of a material including fluidity, solubility, bulk density, reaction speed, process efficiency, uniformity of end product and the availability of active components and the time needed to achieve them. The ability to control particle size becomes increasingly important as raw materials and end products become more specific and are expected to perform better. It will come as no surprise then that there are many advantages of agglomeration. The process has been studied under several categories and their associated benefits, which can be found in Table 1. Various processes can be mentioned within the concept of agglomeration, including non-pressure and pressure agglomeration types, which are both briefly mentioned below.

Non-pressure agglomeration

The process of bringing the particles together without applying pressure is called non-pressure agglomeration. There are various methods for it, with a lengthy list that includes: 76 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

1. Tumble Growth

Products are rolled over each other with the help of a binding agent.

2. Pelletising

Material powders are rolled and turned into pellets with the help of binders. It is different from pelleting of the feed in a pellet mill. A disc Pelletiser is used for this method.

3. Micro-Pelleting

Powders are mixed with a binder and combined in small sizes (20-60 mesh). It's also used for preparing the product for pelletising. Pin Mixer is used for the method.

4. Mixing

Sometimes liquids can be added in the mixer (water, oil, molasses, etc).

5. Conditioning

It is preferred for reducing dust, facilitating transportation and improving usefulness by mixing powders with a binding agent. In non-pressure agglomeration, moisture must be present in the product or added to the process. As a result, there would be a need for post processing (such as drying, burning, improvement). When selecting a non-pressure agglomeration method, binding agent properties, industry standards, raw material properties equipment abilities should all be considered. When choosing between pressure and non-pressure agglomeration, we should consider how operation costs and funds are the mainly decisive factor; whilst we should also be mindful that some materials may only be suitable for a single method.

Pressure agglomeration

The process of forming particles into desired shapes by applying pressure at various grades is called pressure agglomeration. There are several methods for this process such as compaction, briquetting, tableting, molding and extrusion; with feed pelleting belonging to the latter category. Agglomeration and shaping are achieved by the pressure forces that push the product into the hole and the friction forces that occur as the product passes through the hole. The level of force applied during the densification and shaping phase is the most determining factor in pressure agglomeration. When the pressure is applied, particles in the pile begin to get closer to each other (compaction). When the pressure is increased further, brittle particles begin to crumble and soft particles start to deform (plasticisation). The two factors determine that the speed of compaction and the capacity of the agglomeration machine are the amount of compressed residual gas (air) in the pores and a phenomena referred to in the industry as plastic spring-back. Some reasons for the selection of pressure agglomeration: Larger feed particle size, high initial strength, dry or hot processing, no or little binder, no post treatment, processing of elastic materials, automatic operation, easy clean-out, quick turn-over. Product characteristics in pressure agglomeration include specific shape, large pieces, specific mass,

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high density, low porosity, high final strength, long shelf life, amenable to the production of near net-shape parts. Material density can be changed by adjusting various parameters in pressure agglomeration. For example, density increases with stronger pressing force. In cylindrical compactors, density decreases with larger diameters (even if length/diameter ratio remains the same). Density also decreases a bit with a fluid addition. When lubrication is applied to the pressing tools/die, density decreases.

Highly preferred in animal feed industry

Size enlargement by agglomeration is also highly preferred in animal feed industry, some of the many reasons for this includes the conversion of feed components with different grain size, weight, moisture absorption ability and other physical conditions into a stable feed formulation. Whilst the prevention of dust related losses, losses due to oxidation or other reactions during storage, segregation/ dispersion of feed components, clumping and accumulation and preventing animals from choosing the feed, making it more accepted by animals are further factors worthy of consideration. Further criteria include better product flow, storage, transportation, improved ability to prepare animal type-specific feed (chicken, fish, etc.), a better collection of added fluids during feeding, better dissolution/dispersion in liquid (in some cases), as well as the possibility to contain a wide variety of waste materials including nutritious liquids. Petfood buyers are also attracted by the improved appearance of the finished product. In the pelleting process, agglomeration can lead to increased availability of nutrients for digestion after conditioning and pelleting starch value of feed and lower moisture requirement for agglomeration after conditioning. This in turn leads to lower energy requirement for drying process. Further benefits of size enlargement by agglomeration include increased production process economy and perhaps most importantly of all, a higher profit margin.

Desired or undesired agglomeration in the process

Although agglomeration is generally a desired and targeted process, it may also occur unintentionally in some cases. This can occur at any one of the five phases of the feed production process include in the separation phase, where it is undesirable at screening/sieving, undesirable or sometimes desirable at classifying/sorting. At the second step, which is mixing, agglomeration is mostly undesirable, although it is desirable in wet mixing. It is not welcome in the grinding stage; both in the wet and dry versions of the process. The fourth step is conveying, where it is also mostly undesirable, although it is sometimes welcome in mechanical conveying. It is undesirable or sometimes desirable at vibratory conveying, nut is unwelcome in the pneumatic variety. The fifth and final step in feed production is storage, where agglomeration is undesired in both silos and hoppers.

Suggestions for reducing undesired agglomeration

When attempting to limit undesired agglomeration in the feed production process, a unique and direct course of action should be taken at each stage. In the separation step for example, fines should be removed immediately at the source, then agglomerates should be mechanically destroyed using either rubber balls, shear, impact, brushes, air jets or ultrasound. 78 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Then amplitude and/or frequency modified, before removing moisture from material and/or gas (air) environment and then applying heat through either the direct resistance or inductive methods. The wetting angle or the surface tension of liquid surfactants can then be modified, before dispersing particulate solids in a suitable liquid (wet separation). The use of dispersion aids (chemicals, mechanical - stirring, ultrasound), can also be employed if necessary.

Mixing & grinding

To remove unwelcome agglomeration in dry or moist mixing, apply shear or frictional stresses (tumbling mass, mixing tools, special accessories such as shredders, baffles). For wet mixing, use shearing (stirring) or dispersion agents. Also, utilise controlled flocculation (addition of electrolyte) that allows repeatable re-dispersion by shaking. To prevent agglomeration in the grinding you should ensure that all fines and/or moisture are removed. The inner walls of mills and crushers should be coated with either elastic or non-stick materials. You should also use a lower reduction ratio (size reduction amount in grinding) and use multiple grinding steps for that, as well as using cryogenic milling (making use of material brittleness at low temperatures).

Transportation & storage

In order to prevent agglomeration during transportation and storage, all fines and/or moisture should be removed whilst all equipment, chutes and pipes should be made from electrically conducting materials (avoid plastics). Inner walls should all also have a smooth finish or be coated with a material like Teflon. Materials should be cooled to ambient conditions prior to storage, whilst all walls should be either heated or well insulated, with all hoppers, silos and storage containers well earthed (electrically conductive). Walls should also be steep (as close to vertical), especially towards discharge openings and you should also employ mechanical bridge breakers (vibration, shock and pulsed air jet). You should also consider applying a means of load overburden relief with measures such as Chinese hats or baffles, whilst conditioning/curing should also be carried out prior to storage.

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Global grain storage

Overcoming geographical & environmental challenges by Andrew Wilkinson, Milling & Grain magazine

lobally, about one-third of the food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted. In developed countries, much of that loss is the result of consumers throwing away millions of tonnes of edible food each year. In the developing world, most loss occurs either in the field before a crop is harvested, during harvest, handling or afterwards through inadequate storage facilities. Storing harvested grain in silos is not only a reliable approach for securing good prices, owing to the automation of grain transport, they are also cost-effective, as they result in lower long term operational costs. It comes as no surprise then that the costeffectiveness and large holding capacity of silos is driving the global sales of grain storage silos. Such economic incentives mean grain is often stored for long periods, prior to processing. During this time, grain quality and safety may deteriorate without appropriate intervention particularly when the location where the grain is to be stored presents its own unique set of challenges.

Securing crop quality & price

Throughout the world, where crops are farmed and grain is stored, operators are coming up with new and inventive ways of securing the quality and indeed the price, of their crop. This article will take a look at just a few examples of where they have got especially creative. Though Covid-19 has impacted the silos business, there was no significant impact on the supply chain and global operations 82 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

of silos. This is largely due to the widespread exemption of food and agricultural services from lockdown restrictions, meaning that the grain storage silos market was less affected by the pandemic. The growing demand for grain storage from the leading grainproducing countries in the world, namely, the United States, Russia, India, Brazil, and others, has also been a big driver of grain silo sales during this period. Of these nations, America accounted for the largest share in the grain storage silos market in 2019, with the market concentration of grain storage silos being high. According to statistics from the International Grains Council (IGC), the global stocks of wheat increased from 171 million metric tonnes in 2012-2013 to 268 million metric tonnes in 20172018, and in 2020, the stock accounted for 278 million metric tonnes. With an increase in stored grain comes a somewhat predictable increase in demand for storage capacity. This combined with space being at a premium and the associated rise in storage costs across the world, the storage industry continues to enjoy a period of growth - particularly in North America. When this particular region heads into winter, operators are always very mindful that if they harvest grain when the weather is hot and dry, bringing its temperature down prior to placing it into silos is of key importance. This is because doing so will ensure that it remains safely stored and doesn’t spoil through the colder months.

Storing grain in cold climates

When storing grain in cooler climates, if the grain’s moisture content is too high, then you will need to lower its temperature

F prior to placing it in storage. This is because when the bin is first filled with grain, moisture content and temperature are relatively uniform throughout the bin. However, as outside temperatures start to drop, this soon changes – so continuous monitoring of various parameters will be required. This is because as the ambient temperature outside the bin starts to drop, the bin walls will start to cool, which then cools the adjacent grain along with the air inside the bin. As illustrated in Figure 1, the cool air then creates a current that is conducted downwards through the grain, travelling along the outside perimeter of the grain mass. This air current then transfers inward towards the centre of the bin, where it is warmed by the grain. As the air warms, it starts to move upward in the centre of the bin and picks up moisture from the grain before carrying it to the top of the bin, where it starts to cool again. This results in a high moisture zone at the top centre of the bin, which is where we can expect spoilage to occur if it is not dealt with swiftly and comprehensively. In order to prevent this from happening at all, the grain temperature in the bin should be lowered to, or just slightly below, the average ambient temperature for that time of year. This lowered temperature should then prevent the downward movement of the colder air, thus avoiding the formation of unwelcome and often ruinous condensation.

Preserving grain quality in warmer climates

Like with stored grain in cooler locations, the conditions need to be kept as stable as possible in warmer regions too.

AZ_GRANIFRIGOR_EN_190x132_RZ.indd 1

Conical cereal silos near Acatlán, Hidalgo, Mexico.

This is because allowing grain to warm to average outdoor air temperatures during the summer can lead to insect infestations and mould growth, with the optimum grain temperature for insect activity being between 70 and 90 degrees. Therefore, reducing grain temperatures to below 70 degrees should reduce the rate of insect reproduction and activity, with temperatures below 60 degrees reducing this even further. A further challenge caused by the effects of the hot sun shining on the bin roof for several hours a day. The issue here is that the endless solar rays cause the temperature of the air above the grain to increase. The effects of this are then worsened by convection currents in the grain that flow up along the bin wall and down into the grain near the top middle of the bin, drawing this solar heated air down into the bulk of the grain. One course of action to take would be to ensure that the space between the grain and the bin roof is well ventilated. This step can reduce the amount that the grain near the top of the bin is warmed. If the bin has openings near the eave and peak, then this more natural form of ventilation can also cause this space to cool.

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Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 83

F This is largely because these openings work like the vents in a building’s attic - the heated air rises and exits near the peak, drawing in cooler air near the eave. Roof exhaust fans controlled by a thermostat can also draw the heated air out of the bin if openings are available to allow air into the area above the grain. A further step that operators in a warmer climate could adopt is the unloading of some of the grain periodically in order to remove the warmed or “peaked” grain from the top of the silo, thus reducing the potential for the grain at the top of the bin to become warm and spoil. Like with cooler climates, ensuring grain how the correct moisture content is important in warmer temperatures too. The market moisture content may be higher but storing warm grain at higher moisture contents may lead to mould growth on the grain. The recommended long-term storage moisture contents are: 13.5% for wheat, 12% for barley, 13.5% for corn, 11% for soybeans and 13% for grain sorghum.

Storage in Africa

of storing grains in Africa, with a very high rate of use in South Africa. Despite this fact, it still has the lowest adoption level in Africa as a continent. Consequently, it is common for 20-30 percent of the region’s maize crop to be lost to storage pests each year. For families already living on the edge in terms of food security and income that loss represents a major problem. Fortunately, metal silos have been more widely adopted throughout Africa in recent years. Organisations such as the Effective Grain Storage Project (EGSP) have trained local African artisans to construct metal grain silos from 0.5 mm thick galvanised metal sheet. The small cylindrical drums, with a storage capacity of 90 kilograms to 1.8 tonnes, have soldered seams, making them airtight and impervious to pests Figure 1: Moisture movement in stored grain such as weevils and rats. as the result of temperature variations First piloted in Kenya and Malawi, the effectiveness of the silos has been tested alongside traditional and alternative modern storage methods and are showing promising results.

In Eastern and Southern Africa, maize provides food and income to more than 300 million smallholder farmers in the region. After harvest, farmers typically remove maize grains from the cobs by hand, dry them in the sun and then store them in sacks kept in their home, in a shed or a traditional store. Cereal grains constitute about 55 percent of the African food basket and present a challenging task towards its preservation and storage. Storage is particularly important in Africa because agricultural production is mostly seasonal, whilst the demand for agricultural commodities is more evenly spread throughout the year. This creates a situation where demand on the average day is met by storing excess supply during the harvesting period for release into the market during the off-season period. The storage methods used on this continent include rhombus, traditional cribs, underground pits, open stack storage, woven baskets, grain silos, farm store, communal warehouses and domestic storage techniques. Some farmers are able to apply pesticides, such as actellic dust, to their stored grain but these are expensive and need to be reapplied every few months to be effective. In fact, most of the storage methods experience the problem of insect infestation though at varying levels depending on the structure. Therefore, the use of metal silo is the most effective method 84 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Storage system in Europe

Returning to cooler climes, the following is a case study of an installation required for the storage of grain for a company in Germany carried out by Bentall Rowlands. Constructing this Eurocode designed silo facility, in white with a green band (pictured) came with engineering challenges. Most notable amongst these being the fact that the area available for the silos was very limited. Faced with a number of obstacles to overcome, the company designed and manufactured a 13.5 metre diameter silo specifically designed to meet the requirements of the customer. In order to conform to the local planning requirements, each of the silos also received a powder coat finish that was applied to the treated galvanised steel. This extra coating will also provide an extra layer of protection, in addition to the sheet galvanisation that is already in place. For a further project carried out by the Bentall Rowlands, the end user was a Belgium based animal feed company. Their requirement was for a silo to be used for the storage of raw material prior to it going to the processing plant. In order to meet this brief, the company erected two five metre diameter 10.5 ring hopper bottom silos each holding 200 tonnes and a 1.2 metre wide top catwalk. The catwalk was connected to the existing building and produced a galvanised steel stairwell to allow access for workers on-site.

Bringing more light to the Wheat State

Australian artist softens the industrial aesthetic in US city of Salina

by Fred Norwood, Milling and Grain magazine

n order to introduce Guido van Helten, an artist from Australia to a collection of invited guests, Travis Young, CEO of Vortex Global, held an event at the Salina, Kansas Arts Center. The event attracted many people and those assembled, who counted many local businesspeople amongst their number, heard about the visions that both Messieurs Young and van Helten had planned for the Mural at the Mill. Inspired by the street artist he had seen while living in the UK and wanting to bring this kind of art to his hometown of Salina, Kansas, following the meeting, the Mural at the Mill was created by Mr van Helten. After a month spent in Salina, taking pictures and getting to know the city and the people, Mr van Helten settled on a photograph he had taken of children dancing in a circle and holding hands, an image that he believes well represents the unity of the local community. With financial assistance from John Vanier and his wife Kim, the project was completed in approximately one month. Now found towering over the city, The Mural has attracted much attention from both locals and travellers passing through the city. With the completion, the once drab aging facility is once again a show place for all to enjoy from the ground up. This project brings both pleasure and pride to the community as a whole and is a trend the people hope will continue to rejuvenate older properties around the city. The Mural on the one hundred foot high HD Lees flour mill is just one of many completed by Mr van Helten around the world.

86 2021 - Milling and and GrainGrain 86 | |December December 2021 - Milling

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 87

2021

HIGHLIGHTS

In what has been yet another difficult year for our industry, the past twelve months has witnessed some truly wonderous feats of perseverance – with Bühler once again showing us all how it should be done. More so than any other company, 2021 has been yet another big year for the Swiss outfit. From the presentation of recognition to worthy recipients, to the unveiling of new technologies, 2021 has had it all for them, well almost. Much of this year has been overshadowed by the ongoing pandemic, with its tentacles continuing to reach all corners of the world and make mischief wherever it goes. That said, there have also been some highlights that provide cause to celebrate too – giving us cause to package it in the form of this review, which contains a selection of articles carefully handpicked,by our editorial team, showing how hardworking and adaptable our industry truly is.

January

February

So, without further ado, let’s start in January. The first edition of Milling and Grain magazine published in 2021 sees the introduction of Arrius from Bühler. The company describes Arrius as being not just a roller mill but the first fully integrated grinding system. Fully integrated in this instance means that the switch cabinet, the drive and gearbox and the web server, which provides the link to digital services, are all built in, making it remarkably energy efficient. This design also allows Arrius grinding system to be delivered to its destination as a ready-to-install module and to be flexibly positioned within the plant. This plug-and-play system considerably reduces installation and commissioning time. By using power busbars for the electric power distribution, installation time can be reduced by a factor of three… Continue reading this article at: millingandgrain.com/magazine/jan-2021/?Page=48

The February 2021 edition of Milling and Grain sees the publication of a bumper feature that takes a thorough look at the elevator bucket market, presenting a rare opportunity to learn about a selection of industryrenowned suppliers and their buckets. The report contains articles from three highly-respected bucket manufacturers and each of them is given the opportunity to tell the world about their offering. We also asked them why its bucket should be considered above all others when loose grain and grainrelated products require lifting in a flour, rice and feed mills setting… You can read this article in full at: millingandgrain.com/magazine/feb-2021/?Page=90

November 2021

October 2021

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- Pulses: An ancient crop making a comeback Proud supporter of

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- How to adapt manufacturing, service and supply systems to turn stress into success

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- The fibre revolution

- Producing algae proteins for animal feed from CO2

- Oat drinks: The environmentally sustainable alternative to cows milk

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• Preparing for post-harvest

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- Mill E3: Unveiling of new high-tech plant is “a transformative moment in the history of flour milling” RS

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• Ensuring food security

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- BACK TO THE FUTURE: Steeped in milling history yet remaining highly competitive

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• IoT solution for silos: Connecting silos across the globe

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• MAIZE: Future proofing feed: Innovative technology to answer the growing demand for higher quality products

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• Dosing systems for macro & micro ingredients

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• Gut health: A holistic approach can help producers maintain the required balance

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• Endotoxins in feed

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• Corn-based Vs wheatbased broiler diets

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- So you want to be a Miller?... So much to learn – you never stop growing

- Insect revolution: Healthy, sustainable, protein rich and delicious

• Future proofing feed

• Flatbread production

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• Flour, Covid-19 & Brexit

• Summer grain storage tips

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NOVEL PROTEINS

• Rice milling in Vietnam

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- GRUB’S UP... but who’s dining?

A must see film for members of the grain industry

• Ensuring optimal flour quality

• Similarities in rice production between Japan and China

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• Processing technology & production practice • Warm air treatment for production rooms to silo bins

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• How technology can help meet modern milling demands

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Pat one of the story of grain and civilization

• A revolution in rice parboiling technology

• An advanced, modernised rice mill in Nigeria

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• Grain cooling: Costeffective conservation of crops by cooling

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Rice fortification: Globally combatting malnutrition and supporting immune health

• Finding the pulse of the protein food boom

• Demand for animal food strong, despite Covid-19

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• The impact of dietary sodium diformate on health and performance of layers

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• Mixing homogeneity of dry bulk and liquid amino acid sources

• Folic acid - Mass Medication or Mass Nutrition

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Bühler Virtual World showcases innovative solutions

• Look who’s been inducted into the Milling Hall of Fame!

• The future of feed production: Exchanging machine stops for robots

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• The future of feed milling • NIR technology: for raw material and feed analyses goes mobile

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• Artisan flour mills rise to the challenge of Covid-19

• Arrius: A groundbreaking grinding system

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FORTIFICATION Fortifying flour with vitamin D3

• BioSecurity & Design in the Food and Feed Industry

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March 2021

Introducing the Arrius from Bühler

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March World Flour Day

With this year’s motto “White Gold: A tribute to flour heroes all over the world,” World Flour Day 2021 (WFD2021) was celebrated on March 20. Given the heroic feats undertaken by them over the past 20 months or so, it seems very appropriate that the main aim of WFD2021 was to highlight the vital contribution of the many flour heroes who have maintained a steady supply of the “white gold” throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. Flour is one of the most important staple foods of our species, which we all often take for granted, until it’s not there that is… To learn more about WFD2021, you can continue reading this article at: millingandgrain.com/magazine/mar-2021/?Page=44

April

Bühler Virtual World & Induction of Martin Schlauri into Milling Hall of Fame

The April edition of Milling and Grain sees our editorial team venture into Bühler’s Virtual World, with the aim of contributing to both the commercial success of its customers and to a healthy planet. With no less than two billion people enjoying food produced on the company’s equipment each day, and one billion people traveling in vehicles with parts manufactured with its machinery, the company has achieved an unprecedented level of global manufacturing relevance. In order to sustain this, it continues to work in close collaboration with customers, academia and start-ups, enabling them to turn today’s global challenges into sound, successful and sustainable business solutions. An online platform like no other, the Bühler Virtual World integrates 3D visualisations of solutions and technologies, with a virtual event complete with keynote speakers and a conference zone that boasts breakout rooms for both presentations and individual online meetings… You can continue reading this report at: millingandgrain.com/magazine/apr-2021/?Page=62

Interview with Martin Schlauri, Senior Milling Expert, Bühler Group

“On my way to school I always passed a beautiful mill with a silo. And I got the smell of wheat and flour. So, one day I entered and asked what it would take to become a miller?” Those are the words of Martin Schlauri, who first joined Buhler in 1980 after graduating as a milling technologist at the Swiss School of Milling (SMS). Following the completion of various projects throughout Europe and Africa, Mr Schlauri returned to Switzerland in 2020, taking care of specific milling groups and projects for the company. Then in 2021, he was inducted into the Milling Hall of Fame, and you can read all about this and other highlights from his career in an interview reached by following this link: millingandgrain.com/magazine/apr-2021/?Page=116

June

Agronauta by Ocrim, Chapter 1

By examining the historical, cultural, artistic, symbolic and esoteric, Ocrim CEO Sergio Antolini discovers what hides behind the father of the main food of all humanity, wheat. The book, titled Argonauta, presents itself as a far-reaching literary and visual project and is divided into four acts, reminiscent of a classic theatrical experience. The path of the wheat is presented with care through the biological aspects, the historical contexts, the symbolic and cultural contributions, with intensely unique explorations and references to considerations of alchemy and astrology. Following a path that runs from the dawn of agriculture to the present day, in particular along the Italian territory that lies between the Malatesta lands and the most fertile regions of the peninsula. The acts are modeled in a rhythmic succession of mythological stories, historical chronicles, scientific and biological demonstrations in a story full of alchemical suggestions and esoteric hypotheses. You can continue reading this article by going to: millingandgrain.com/magazine/jun-2021/?Page=82

August Silo the Movie

Earlier in 2021, a movie titled SILO was released to audiences across North America. Written and directed by Marshall Burnette, at its core SILO is a thrilling 76 minute film about a grain entrapment accident and subsequent rescue effort, but it encompasses so much more than this. This film depicts a generational corn farm in a small-town US community, but it really represents the hard work and risks that farmers face globally to produce the crops which sustain humanity. In the words of those who created this film, “SILO is not just a dramatic reminder of the importance of agricultural safety — it is also a testament to what communities can accomplish when they work together.” Read more of this story at: millingandgrain.com/magazine/aug-2021/?Page=74

September

Alternative Proteins, an article by James Cooper

New European Union PAP Legislation will give novel proteins the green light. This article by James Cooper examines where the industry’s appetite for them is and how they will make a difference to our feed sustainability and food security According to Mr Cooper, our current situation sees animal feed competing head on with human food and fuel production over land, water and fertiliser resources. The increasing scarcity of resources coupled with the increasing demand for animal proteins worldwide, are two key indicators that reflect the urgency to further optimise food-producing sectors. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) estimates that the world needs to increase its food production by 70 percent to meet demand, and to do so sustainably. As a result, many countries are positioning themselves to source resources locally that won’t further wreak havoc on the planet, and within this space novel proteins offer great promise. But can they deliver what the feed industry needs - in time and on the scale required? Read more of this report at: millingandgrain.com/magazine/sep-2021/?Page=48

October

A more modern mill for Wright’s Our October edition contains a report from a visit to GR Wrights and Sons Limited, which is in its 155th year, and is in the hands of its sixth generation of family members and producing flour in North London at its Ponders Mill Site in Enfield. In April this year the company moved into its new manufacturing facilities in Harlow, just inside the M25 motorway which circumnavigates the city. Unlike its predecessor, a site that has been occupied by a mill for almost 1000 years, GR Wrights and Sons’ new milling facility is anything but historic - in fact, it’s as modern as the old site is historic… Read the full report at: millingandgrain.com/magazine/oct-2021/?Page=48

November

Bühler unveils Mill E3 & Livalta harvest algae proteins from CO2 emissions

A new milling plant is being described as a transformative moment in the history of flour milling. Built for the UK’s largest miller Whitworth Bros Ltd, the company is already reaping the benefits of the Mill E3’s technological and digital capabilities. Touted as being one of the most high-tech mills on the market, at the heart of the Mill E3 lie more than 15,000 data points collecting information on all aspects of the production process. The opening of the first Mill E3 is a key staging post in the journey to the SmartMill and it is the volume of data being analysed, along with the cuttingedge application of blockchain technology, that will seek to enable the most efficient, transparent, and consistent production possible – with the aim of delivering the highest quality product… To read this article in full, please follow this link: millingandgrain.com/magazine/nov-2021/?Page=42

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Thank you all for your support in 2021 All of us here at Perendale Publishers Limited want to wish all readers, advertisers and contributors to Milling and Grain a Merry Christmas and an enjoyable festive season with all of your family and friends. This may be the first time for two years that many of us have been able to get together with others. However, we are aware that some of you are still facing the prospect of separation at this critical time of the year, yet again. These past 12 months have been challenging and it is good that Christmas provides us with a time to reflect on how we have managed to cope - and that has often been with the support and encouragement of family, friends and colleagues.

I hope that the reading matter we have provided you with on a regular basis in all sorts of formats - from daily blogging, to weekly newsletters and month magazines and everything in between - has helped to keep you connected and motivated. We aim to reflect the best that the milling industry has to offer and to engage, through our columns and content, those making valuable contributions to the overall development of milling globally. We have highlighted just a few of those topics on these preceding pages. Many more could and should have been recalled, if only we had more space. We also thank our advertisers for their support and contributions. I encourage you to visit our MagStand web page to subscribe to our magazine. As a Christmas gift for 2021 I’m offer you a free coupon code to sign up for a year’s supply of our magazine. After all we are here to write for you! The code to use is: Xmas2021 and will expire at the end of the first week of January 2022. Remember, signing up on MagStand means you can access our entire library of editions from your desktop computer. Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!

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Drought is highly effective

by Mehmet Uğur Gürkaynak, Milling and Grain magazine

Unfavourable weather conditions, which have begun to show themselves on a much more regular basis recently, have caused global wheat stocks to fall below their opening levels

The fact that decreases in wheat stocks are mostly being experienced in the main exporting countries, is only serving to further increase the severity of the situation, with the shortage of supply naturally means an increase in wheat prices. That said, how the trade will develop will depend on the quality of the wheat crop in the 2021/22 sales season. An additional factor to consider is a decrease in the quality of wheat grown in the European Union, especially in France. On the other hand, on the Russian front, the quality situation remains positive, causing buyers to pay attention here. An expected intense level of demand for Russian wheat is likely to bring about restrictive trade measures, whilst the low supply to the markets will also increase the pressure on prices. Port congestion in the US and China is also causing disruptions in the supply chain. This situation, which may cause an increase in wheat prices, will pave the way for an increase in costs especially in importing countries.

Wheat Although winter wheat planting continues in the Northern Hemisphere, the spring wheat harvest has been completed to a large extent in the Southern Hemisphere. Harvest resulted in lower yields due to bad weather conditions in parts of Canada, the US, the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan. In contrast, in the southern hemisphere, the winter wheat harvest has begun under favourable conditions. In the EU, the winter wheat harvest was completed under favourable conditions in Latvia and Lithuania. In other regions, early planting activities continue. In Ukraine, the humidity and air temperature that the soil should have are suitable for planting. Due to continued drought, the cultivation of winter crops in the Volga region of the Russian Federation is under surveillance due to poor conditions. In the Ural and Volga regions, the harvest of crops planted in the spring resulted in below-average yields due to persistently dry and hot conditions. In China, below-average precipitation was experienced in

96 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

the north-western part of the country. However, the harvest of the crops planted in the spring still resulted in favourable conditions. There is also positive news from the US, where the cultivation of winter crops began under favourable conditions. However, the harvest of the crops planted in the spring season and the drought that continued throughout the season in the north and northwest caused low yields. The drought in Canada causes concern about the condition of winter crops. This is due to dry conditions and extremely hot weather, with the harvest of the crops planted in the spring and the country's yield are expected to be well below average. The winter wheat crops in Australia, on the other hand, have enjoyed good rainfall and therefore soil moisture. Recent rains in Argentina have also improved conditions in major production areas. By contrast, extremely dry conditions in the north and northwest led to low yield expectations. The decrease in production expectations of some big exporters set to put pressure on prices and caused prices to increase in September. Maize Whilst the harvest partially continues in the southern hemisphere, the harvest is ending in the northern hemisphere. In Brazil, the harvest of summer crops has been negatively impacted by periods of drought and frost. Conditions for crops planted in Mexico in the spring seem to have been good since November. In the US, continued drought is expected to reduce yields in the northwest region. In regions other than here, conditions are considered to be generally favourable. In Canada the national yield is predicted to be above average. However, the effects of the drought experienced during the growing season still show themselves in the countryside. In the EU, there are drought concerns for Croatia, Hungary and Slovenia, whilst cool and humid weather in Ukraine delays crop ripening and harvesting activities in the western and northern regions. In China, the harvest of spring crops is ending, and the harvest of summer crops begins. Harvesting of Kharif season crops in India has begun under favourable conditions. In Argentina, conditions in the provinces of Santa Fe, eastern Córdoba and Entre Rios are suitable for planting the cultivated crop. Average maize export offers stabilised in September after three months of consecutive losses. The hurricane in the Gulf caused transportation disruptions, with this in turn, increasing US prices. Rice Harvesting of single-season crops in China is nearing completion, whilst in India, the harvest of Kharif seasonal crops begins. There are positive signals from both countries

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regarding the conditions. Seasonal conditions are favourable for wet season rice in the north grown in Southeast Asia and dry season rice grown in Indonesia. In China, single-season crops are still being harvested. The development of late season crops is quite good thanks to abundant rainfall and suitable soil moisture. Harvest of Kharif season crops continues in India. The temperatures are a little above normal, but there are no negative situations. Yields in Indonesia are expected to be higher than in the previous year due to sufficient rainfall during the growing season. Harvesting of dry season rice planted earlier continues. In northern Vietnam, wet season rice is in young bunches that have reached the filling stage as favourable conditions continue. In the south, the harvest of summer-autumn rice continues. Yield has also slightly improved over the previous year. Autumn-winter rice thrives under favourable conditions. In Thailand, wet season rice is in the stage of forming young bunches and the cultivated area has increased due to favourable weather conditions and good paddy prices. Due to the abundant rainfall in April, growing conditions have improved compared to the previous year and the final yield is expected to increase. In the Philippines, the harvest of wet season rice planted in April-May ended with slightly higher production than the

previous year. Crops planted in July and August are now in the tillering stage and growing conditions are favourable. In the US, the harvest is completed with a near-average yield, as conditions are favourable throughout the season. Average global rice prices remained broadly stable. Indian prices have weakened slightly as lower demand and exporters try to sell stock before the 2021/22 Kharif crop arrives. Vietnam prices are higher due to Covıd-19 restrictions, increased logistics costs and solid local purchasing. Soybean Overshadowed by concerns about persistent dryness in the northern US and western Canada, harvests begin in the northern hemisphere, with harvesting in the US beginning under generally favourable conditions. However, persistent drought in Minnesota and the Dakota is expected to reduce yields. In Canada, harvest continues with low yields in the prairies due to drought during the growing season, with the national yield expected to be below average. Harvest has begun in favourable conditions in China, although drought conditions on the northern Loess Plateau are worrying. In India, in the states of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, crops are in the harvest phase, and general conditions are favourable. The harvest in Ukraine looks set to continue under favourable conditions.

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Industry Profile

I’Anson Brothers Ltd

New I’Anson mill gets the go ahead for UK£20m development project

’Anson Brothers Ltd, one of the UK’s leading, independent animal feed manufacturers, has taken the next step in the biggest investment in its 120-year history, signing contracts enabling work to begin on the construction of the company’s new, UK£20m (US$26.8m) mill in the English town of Dalton New Bridge. Found in the famous county of Yorkshire, the ultramodern facility has been designed to be as energy efficient as possible and will be one of the most technologically advanced feed mills in Europe. The increased production capacity will complement the firm’s existing plant at Masham and enable it to meet growing demand from existing customers, secure new orders, expand its export operations and continue to be a major supplier to the agriculture sector. The investment will maintain the existing workforce and also create additional jobs at the new production facility, which is scheduled for completion in the summer of 2023, with more expected to follow as the company grows in the future. In signing contracts with the business’s banking partner, HSBC UK, a relationship that began 120 years ago has been continued. The business has also appointed Ottevanger Milling Engineers, the Dutch company that specialises in the design and build of feed mills around the world to deliver the Dalton New Bridge development.

Milling through two world wars

Christopher I’Anson, the great-grandfather of the current directors, started the company when he acquired a small agricultural business and a banking agency - that eventually became the Midland, then HSBC - in the centre of Masham and opened the doors to customers for the first time on July 15, 1900. In doing so, Christopher became the first Midland Bank manager in the town. Since then, through two world wars, several recessions, successive governments and now, two global pandemics, I’Anson Bros has remained loyal to its Masham roots, currently employing some 90 people at its manufacturing facility on the edge of the town and its distribution centre at Melmerby. It is now a business with annual revenues in excess of £45 million, supplying farming and equine customers nationally and in more than 40 countries worldwide. With work beginning on the site, Chris I’Anson is to become Executive Chairman of the business, focusing on the development and delivery of the project at Dalton.

100 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Mr I’Anson’s sister, Sarah Richardson, will assume the role of Managing Director, working alongside brother and Sales Director, Will I’Anson, whose focus will remain on sales and raw material purchasing across each of I’Anson’s sites. “We are delighted to have completed the deal that will enable us to start work in earnest on the new production facility,” comments Chris I’Anson. “Construction of the mill complex itself will begin towards the end of the year once the essential groundworks have been completed. “As the single biggest investment in our history, the new mill will take the business to the next level, offering great benefits to our customers, employees and the wider economy. “It is particularly special to be working with HSBC UK on this project as it continues a remarkable relationship between the two businesses. I am sure it would give our great-grandfather a wry smile of satisfaction to see this connection has been continued as part of securing a sustainable and successful future for the business as the fifth generation of the family begin their careers here,” he concludes.

An achievement to be proud of

“This is the result of long and intensive discussions,” Erik Ottevanger, Director at Ottevanger Milling Engineers, adds, “Now it has ultimately resulted in a 30 tph facility for compound ruminant and monogastric feeds with room for expansion in the coming years. “This is an achievement that we are especially proud of, given that this project was agreed between the fourth generation of two familyrun businesses with a long heritage in the animal feed industry. “Now we look forward to realising this strategic project in the UK and helping I’Anson consolidate its position in both the domestic and export markets.” I’Anson’s headquarters will remain in Masham, where it will continue to manufacture an extensive range of micronized feeds, specialty rations and horse feeds. The new facility will focus on the production of bulk farm feeds.

Case Study HANDLING PLANT

Belarusian agro-industrial complex

Zhengchang helps to promote the development of the Belarussian feed industry

s the first phase of the Belarusian agro-industrial complex is coming to an end, Zhengchang is already planning for the second phase of the project. The Belarusian National Biotechnological Corporation (BNBC) is the largest and unique agro-industrial complex in the Republic of Belarus. Best described as a modern, high-tech project focused on export and import substitution, the main goal of the project is the organisation of deep grain processing, the production of highly productive balanced compound feeds and premixes. “All equipment is designed and manufactured for production of feed for animals of different age groups,” says Alexander Bildyukevich, Deputy Director of BNBC. Part of the complex is the factory created by the Zhengchang company, with a list of the equipment provided including silos for cleaning and storage grain, a conveyor system for moving grain to feed mills, production system for compound feeds for pigs, with the company also creating a similar system for cattle and poultry.

A ready-made balanced feed

Initially, raw grain is delivered by rail and motor transport to the granary’s silos. Unloading is carried out by the operators of the granary into silos in accordance with the quality, type, and batch of raw materials. The meal is then delivered by rail directly to the operational bin, with one of the plants used solely for the production of compound feeds for cattle and poultry. 102 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

In order to create a ready-made balanced feed, this plant provides for successive stages of the production process, with the first stage being the production of loose compound feed. At this plant, the load is then split into two sections, one for poultry and one for cattle. “The plant for the production of compound feeds for pigs is similar in type of equipment and technological processes. It

differs in the number of production lines and the presence of an extruder,” says Konstantin Gordeev, Head of pig line. The process of pelleting compound feed for pigs begins with the supply of loose compound feed to an air conditioner mixer for steam treatment. Then the moistened feed enters the pellet mill and passes through the holes of the Die under pressure and high temperature, this is where dense pellets are formed. The pellets are then cooled by air in the cooler and moved by means of a chain conveyor to the finished product’s designated hopper. The final process is loading pelleted feed into vehicles. “All processes of production of compound feed for pigs are carried out automatically from the control panel,” says Vyacheslav Rai, Zhengchang representative. “Our company can produce almost any recipe. And the plus is that all our main raw materials are located in Belarus. The advantages of our plants are their almost fully automation. “All this, of course, is influence on the cost of our products: it is much lower than the national average. Modern equipment allows precise dosing of all components. Thus, the customer gets what they ordered,” concludes Vyacheslav Rai.

Strategic importance for this company

Currently, this complex ensures the storage of more than 400 thousand tons of grain. This ensures the smooth operation of the entire plant, and it is also of strategic importance for this company. The equipment of the feed mill for the production of feed for pigs has the technical ability to produce feed specifically for each customer. Cooperation between Belarus and China, the implementation of such a unique and large - scale project as the BNBC is a new, innovative step in the development of the agricultural industry of the Republic of Belarus. The Zhengchang company has made a significant contribution to the implementation of the project. It is the first enterprise of this level and scale in our country: high-tech and efficient,” says the principal of Belarusian National Biotechnological Corporation.

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INDUSTRY EVENTS 2021

2022

December

April 25-29 Agrishow 2022 São Paulo, Brasil www.agrishow.com.br

Learn more – Learn onsite

2022

Enroll in the 12-week Course

1-3 PIX AMC 2022 Gold Coast, Australia www.pixamc.com.au

www.onlinemillingschool.com 7-9 NGFA 50th annual Country Elevator Conference and Trade Show Chicago, Illinois, USA https://imis.ngfa.org

2-6 126th Annual IAOM Conference & Expo Richmond, Virginia, USA https://www.iaom.org/event/126th-annualiaom-conference-expo/

10-12 Agri Livestock 2021 Yangon, Myanmar www.agrilivestock.net

3-6 IPACK-IMA 2022 Milan, Italy www.ipackima.com

2-4 Taiwan Smart Agriweek 2021 Taipei, Taiwan www.taiwanagriweek.com 2022

25-27 Agritechnica Asia 2022 Bangkok, Thailand www.agritechnica-asia.com

January 18-20 VICTAM and Animal Health and Nutrition Asia 2022 Bangkok, Thailand www.victamasia.com POSTPONED UNTILSEPTEMBER 7-9, 2022 22-27 IPPE Atlanta, USA www.ippexpo.org

31-2 VIV Europe 2022 Utrecht, The Netherlands www.viveurope.nl 2022

2022

10-12 Livestock Malaysia 2022 Malacca, Malaysia www.livestockmalaysia.com 23-25 Livestock Philippines 2022 Manila, Philippines www.livestockphilippines.com 2022

March

October 5-6 Poultry Africa Kigali, Rwanda www.poultryafricaevent.com

10-12 IDMA and Victam EMEA 2022 Istanbul, Turkey https://idmavictam.com 21-23 Ildex Vietnam 2020 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam https://www.ildex-vietnam.com

August 3-5 Ildex Vietnam 2022 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam www.ildex-vietnam.com

February 16-17 SOLIDS Dortmund 2022 Dortmund, Germany www.solids-dortmund.de

2022

July 6-8 16th Indo Livestock Jakarta, Indonesia https://indolivestock.com

31-4 31st Annual Practical Short Course on Feeds and Pet Food Extrusion Texas, USA https://web.cvent.com/event/2801534f0c2f-4646-be9c-1081107c95cf/ summary?RefId=TEES%20Edge%20Website 2022

May

12-14 Vietstock 2022 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam www.vietstock.org

☑

26-29 GEAPS Exchange 2022 Kansas City, Missouri, USA https://geapsexchange.com/

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2022

November 9-11 Ildex Indonesia 2022 Jakarta, Indonesia www.ildex-indonesia.com 15-18 EuroTier 2022 Hannover, Germany www.eurotier.com

AFIA – 2021 Equipment Manufacturers Conference by Fred Norwood, Milling and Grain North America Representative Taking place from November 3-5, 2021, the AFIA’s EMC (Equipment Manufactures Conference) was held in the famous American city of New Orleans, at the Omni, Royal Orleans hotel. It was a very well attended in-person event, with almost fifty industry professionals in attendance. Many of the current issues of the day discussed were focused on the issues of food safety and bio security. As an educational event, it was tailored to address many issues pertinent to equipment manufacturers, designers, builders and installers who serve the pet food and ingredient industries; as well as bringing the industry together for networking purposes. Constance Cullman, the CEO of AFIA, revealed somewhat of the current administration’s impact on both funding and working with the industry, and how the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and other entities within it might impact the industry with its regulatory agenda and manufacturing practices moving forward. Taking place over three days, the event received questions covering a wide range of topics, from government regulation changes to ISO compliance. Many of the speakers in attendance were industry manufacturers of various equipment and devices used to manufacture animal feeds, pet food and similar businesses. Many of the agenda items included, but were not limited to, environmental water, PFSA/PFOS, food safety, FSMS implementation and antimicrobial resistance. Dr Gerardo Morantes, the Director of Food Safety from Buhler, delivered a very in depth talk about the bio security issues in manufacturing practices around contaminated ingredients and machinery, which can easily be pasted through to finished products if the machinery is not properly cleaned on a regular basis. Dr Morantes also showed many slides of the transmission possibilities and potential areas and machinery that may be over looked during the cleaning process in a manufacturing plant. There were also sessions held on how companies should consider the physical operation of their mills – such as equipment design – and the value of employees in succeeding in their food safety and biosecurity programmes. One of the highlights of the show was a trip down Bourbon Street behind a New Orleans jazz band, which was arranged by Johnny Wheat of 4-B manufacturing, taking the group for a fun mixer night out at one of the many local facilities. All of the proceeds from this event will be funding the EMC’s scholarship programs, which will be awarding six US$2500 scholarships to academic institutions. The group will be meeting again on November 9-11 2022, in St Petersburg, Florida.

Jan. 25 – 27, 2022 Atlanta, GA USA

RECONNECTING YOU WITH THE ENTIRE INDUSTRY

{

SERVICES BUYERS NETWORKING TRENDS INNOVATION NEW PRODUCTS SOLUTIONS TECHNOLOGY AND MORE

Join us for the in-person 2022 IPPE where you can evaluate products, new technology and services that meet your needs while reconnecting with your colleagues. Register at www.ippexpo.org #IPPE

INDUSTRY EVENTS

IOAM MEA Virtual Technical Millers Forum - “Plant maintenance done right” by Andrew Wilkinson, Milling and Grain

Founded in 1896, The International Association of Operative Millers (IOAM) is an international organisation comprised of flour millers, cereal grain and seed processors and allied trades representatives and companies devoted to the advancement of technology in the flour milling, cereal grain and seed processing industries. Among its members, IAOM promotes a spirit of fellowship and cooperation. Taking place from November 2-4 under the mantra of “plant maintenance done right,” this year, the IAOM MEA Virtual Millers Conference was once again broadcast exclusively on the Zoom platform. As the world continues to face challenging times, times where gathering of industry peers, colleagues and friends continue to be restricted, the way that events are done continues to be easily persuaded away from live gatherings and towards the much safer alternative of online experiences. By providing a secure platform to view and share presentations and interact with the speakers, the organisation has once again been able to bring together the very best of our industry’s technical staff, head millers, production managers, machinery suppliers, and laboratory equipment suppliers. Following five years of successful gatherings, the main objective of this year’s IAOM MEA forum was to once again reach millers and provide intensive technical training and education; addressing challenges, mill operations, consistency and improvement and resolving problems faced by milling companies in the Middle East.

Day 1: Predictive maintenance

Operating under the title of “Plan your maintenance – from reactive to preventive maintenance,” the first day of the 2021 Virtual Millers Conference begins with a talk by Jonas Komitsch, Service & Modifications, Behn + Bates Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG (Germany titled “Increasing Efficiency with QUAT²RO”.

106 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Following an introduction from Moderator Martin Schlauri, Grain Milling Expert at Buhler AG, Switzerland, Mr Komitsch begins by explaining that the QUAT²RO monitoring system is not only used in the food industry, but in the manufacture of chemicals, building materials and minerals, cement too. This system has also been installed in every food packaging machine created by the company since 2019, including those made by Haver and Boecker, and can be found installed in 135 machines across all industries. According to Mr Komitsch those who have had the system installed, now enjoy a noticeable reduction in downtime due to early bottleneck identification, a decrease in rejects due to combined and readily available weight data, and due to fault identification combined with adjustable spout filling speeds, an increase in production output.

Predictive maintenance for business continuity by Ercan Uslular, Depart, Turkey

On the subject of “Predictive maintenance for business continuity”, Mr Uslular states that implementing predictive maintenance requires a significant investment in money, personnel and education. Mr Uslular adds that whilst these initial investments may seem daunting to some organisations, predictive maintenance’s return on investment far outweighs any upfront costs.

INDUSTRY EVENTS

Doing the right things or doing things right? From random to predictive with CMMS Systems by Blerim Lataj, Bühler, Switzerland

Examining the challenges throughout operation history, Mr Lataj’s discussion ranges from Industry 1.0 in 1784 with increased mechanisation, use of steam power and the introduction of the weaving loom, right up to the present day and Industry 4.0 with cyber physical systems, Internet of Things and other systems. Mr Lataj the investigates the challenges faced by each phase's respective operation methodologies, before asking the audience which they deem to be more important, reliability or cost? He then continues by discussing possible solutions in maintenance methodology before examining the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and maintenance costs. The final part of this presentation then examines the benefits of using a Computerised Maintenance Management System (CMMS) in a plant; a proud and extensive list that includes improved asset and workflow visibility and a reduction in machine downtime of between 5 and 20 percent.

Day 2: Effective & conscientious maintenance

Under the title of “Plant efficiency by proper maintenance of the key milling equipment” the second day begins with a presentation titled “Proper maintenance and care for rolls and sieves – it’s key for milling efficiency” by Dirk Eifert, Business Development Manager, Bühler (Switzerland). Introduced by moderator Kamaldeep Singh Phull, Milling Director, Maisha Flour Mills (Kenya), Mr Eifert’s discussion focuses on proper sieve maintenance, and lists a whole range of benefits to the miller of this being carried out effectively and conscientiously.

This list of benefits includes consistent and high flour quality, high flour and semolina yield, designed throughput, lowest energy consumption, least unplanned downtime, best product purity and food safety; with a higher likelihood of meeting end user’s specifications completing his list.

rollCare Profile Measurement Device by Sefa Yeğin, Yenar, Turkey

In the mills, as the flutes of rolls wear out over time, the millers squeeze them more and try to get as much use out of them as they possibly can, begins Mr Yeğin. Wearing out flutes affects many parameters in the milling process, such as the yield decreases due to wear, also leading to increased energy consumption and a decrease in product quality. Nowadays, most millers determine the time to change the rolls by consulting with their own personal experiences with such devices and machinery. In some of these mills they do have re-fluting machines, but they are unable to control how the operators are refluting the rolls and if they are doing so as per your request. According to Mr Yeğin, the Yenar rollCare Profile Measurement Device is the only piece of equipment of its type that is designed using laser technology that is able to check roll profiles condition, allowing you to determine whether your rolls are worn or not.

Moving towards predictive maintenance with TVM by Alexis Noel, Bühler, Switzerland

According to Mr Noel, the benefits of using Temperature & Vibration Management (TVM) include early detection of changes in critical operation conditions - like over temperature or high imbalances, you can ensure a safe, reliable and predictable operation.

CALENDAR

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VIV QINGDAO 2021 QINGDAO | SEPTEMBER 15-17

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and tensioning equipment.

CO MP

INDUSTRY EVENTS With TVM you can also make sure that your product quality remains constant while minimising energy consumption, even remotely, whilst also offering the chance for the miller to understand the grinding process based on data, which is critical when it comes to recipe/job optimisation. Mr Noel also adds that TVM has the ability to provide detailed temperature and vibration information, affording you the opportunity to compare your plants and production lines.

Day 3: Increasing sustainability & quality

With the third day aiming to provide an “Insight on plant components, such as motors, bearings, drive belts, lubricants” it’s first session addresses the topic of “Food safety with special focus on MOSH & MOAH”. Following an introduction by Day 3 Moderator Yassine Tadimi, (Team Manager Technology, Buhler Casablanca, Morocco), the first presentation investigates the requirements that need to be met by lubricants used in the food industry. Further topics that presenters Andreas Wössner (Senior Channel Partner Manager, Klüber Lubrication, Germany) and Paolo Spolaore (Head of Global Industry Team - Food, Klüber Lubrication, Germany) discuss include the importance of production reliability and performance and compliance with international food regulations. As well discussing oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH), they presenters also explain the various viscosity grades of different oils and the different types of lubricant, a list that includes H1 that is used

where contact with foodstuffs is deemed avoidable, right up to K3 that is described as a glue remover.

How digital transformation can help increase sustainability & quality in food industry by Mohamed El-Khateb, Schneider Electric (UAE) According to Mr El-Khateb, remote management solutions from Scheider, such as the Augmented Operator and Secure Connect Advisor can help to reduce MTTR and machine downtime and time spent searching for information. He adds that this system also makes to train your workforce easier, whilst also increasing efficiency through standardised operations and guided and facilitated interventions.

Motor topics around milling solutions by Aleksander Velimirovic, ABB Schweiz AG (Switzerland)

In the final presentation of the third day, Mr Velimirovic begins by describing how motor requirements are specific for each application. Using the acronym RISE, with R - requirements, I - Infrastructure, S - Standards and E - Environment, with each regarded by the presenter as being a key consideration when making this choice. In conclusion, Mr Velimirovic states that ABB energy can help us to improve efficiency in your plant through the installation of smart sensors that offer an affordable, clever and simple solution that improves safety, reduces downtime, saves energy, reduces maintenance costs, allowing you to grow your digital and service business.

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 109

To be included into the Market Place, please contact Tuti Tan at tutit@ perendale.co.uk

Air products Kaeser Kompressoren +49 9561 6400 www.kaeser.com

Amino acids Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH +49 618 1596785 www.evonik.com/animal-nutrition

Bagging systems Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com FAWEMA +49 2263 716-0 www.fawema.com Maxtex Trading Group Co. Ltd. +66 29488281 www.maxtex.net Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com TMI +34 973 25 70 98 www.tmipal.com Golden Grain Group +86 371 68631308 www.g-grain.com

Bakery improvers ERKAYA +90 312 395 2986 www.erkayagida.com.tr Mühlenchemie GmbH & Co KG +49 4102 202 001 www.muehlenchemie.com

Bearings NACHI EUROPE GmbH +90 216 688 4457 www.nachi.com

Bulk storage AGI www.aggrowth.com Behlen +1 402 564 3111 www.behlengrainsystems.com Behn + Bates +49 251 9796 252 www.behnbates.com Brock +1 866 658 4191 www.brockgrain.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Ozpolat Makina Gida +90 342 337 1217 www.ozpolatmakina.com.tr Port Tarragona +34 977 259 400 www.porttarragona.cat Silo Construction & Engineering +32 51723128 www.sce.be

Silos Cordoba +34 957 325 165 www.siloscordoba.com

Wenger Manufacturing +1 785-284-2133 www.wenger.com

Bruks Siwertell AB +46 4285880 www.bruks-siwertell.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Symaga +34 926640475 www.symaga.com

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Sukup +1 641 892 4222 www.sukup.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

The Essmueller +1 800 325 7175 www.essmueller.com

Dosing Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

TSC Silos +31 543 473979 www.tsc-silos.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Elevator buckets

Cereal and pulse conditioning

4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com vibronet-Gräf GmbH & Co.KG +49 6441 62031 www.vibronet.com

Colour sorters

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Elevator & conveyor components 4B Braime +44 113 246 1800 www.go4b.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Cimbria Srl +39 0542 361423 www.cimbria.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Maxtex Trading Group Co. Ltd. +66 29488281 www.maxtex.net

Henry Simon +44 0161 804 2800 www.henrysimonmilling.com

Satake +81 82 420 8560 www.satake-group.com

Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

Computer software

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Coolers & driers

Enzymes

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

ERKAYA +90 312 395 2986 www.erkayagida.com.tr

Consergra s.l +34 938 772207 www.consergra.com

Mühlenchemie GmbH & Co KG +49 4102 202 001 www.muehlenchemie.com

FrigorTec GmbH +49 7520 91482-0 www.frigortec.com FAMSUN +86 85828888 www.famsungroup.com

PLP +39 05 23 89 16 29 www.plp-systems.com

Extruders

Sukup +1 641 892 4222 www.sukup.com

Almex +31 575 572666 www.almex.nl

ThermoNox GmbH +49 8442 8823 www.thermonox.de

Andritz +45 72 160300 www.andritz.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Wynveen +31 26 47 90 699 www.wynveen.com

The Essmueller +1 800 325 7175 www.essmueller.com

Wenger Manufacturing +1 785-284-2133 www.wenger.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

VAV Conveyor Components & Solutions +31 7140 23701 www.vav-nl.com

Zaccaria +55 19 3404 5700 www.zaccaria.com.br

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Feed nutrition

vibronet-Gräf GmbH & Co.KG +49 6441 62031 www.vibronet.com

Adisseo + 33 1 46 74 70 00 www.adisseo.com

Viteral +90 332 2390 141 www.viteral.com.tr

Anpario +44 1909 537 380 www.anpario.com

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Biomin +43 2782 8030 www.biomin.net

Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com

Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbH +49 618 1596785 www.evonik.com/animal-nutrition

Golden Grain Group +86 371 68631308 www.g-grain.com

Hamlet Protein A/S + 45 75 63 10 20 www.hamletprotein.com PHIBRO +1 201 329 7300 www.pahc.com R-Biopharm Rhône Ltd +44 141 945 2924 www.r-biopharm.com Romer Labs Division Holding GmbH +43 2782 803 0 www.romerlabs.com The Anderson Inc +1 419-897-6758 www.andersonsgrain.com

Feed milling Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Christy Turner +44 1473 742325 www.christy-turner.com Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl FAMSUN +86 85828888 www.famsungroup.com Friedrich electronic +49 6406 1509 www.friedrich-electronic.de Myande +86-514-87849111 www.myandegroup.com Ottevanger Milling Engineers +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com PLP +39 05 23 89 16 29 www.plp-systems.com Sangati Berga +55 11 2663 9990 www.sangatiberga.com.br

Feed Mill Automation Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Flour Improvers Mühlenchemie GmbH & Co KG +49 4102 202 001 www.muehlenchemie.com

Grain handling systems Behlen +1 402 564 3111 www.behlengrainsystems.com Brock +1 866 658 4191 www.brockgrain.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Cimbria A/S +45 96 17 90 00 www.cimbria.com Ozpolat Makina Gida +90 342 337 1217 www.ozpolatmakina.com.tr Port Tarragona +34 977 259 400 www.porttarragona.cat Sangati Berga +55 11 2663 9990 www.sangatiberga.com.br Bruks Siwertell AB +46 4285880 www.bruks-siwertell.com Sukup Europe +45 75685311 www.sukup-eu.com Symaga +34 91 726 43 04 www.symaga.com Tapco Inc +1 314 739 9191 www.tapcoinc.com

Golden Grain Group +86 371 68631308 www.g-grain.com

Hammermills Alapala +90 212 465 60 40 www.alapala.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Christy Turner +44 1473 742325 www.christy-turner.com Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl Ottevanger Milling Engineers +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com Selis +90 222 236 12 33 www.selis.com.tr Viteral +90 332 2390 141 www.viteral.com.tr Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com Wynveen +31 26 47 90 699 www.wynveen.com Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com/eng

Laboratory equipment Bastak +90 312 395 67 87 www.bastak.com.tr Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Christy Turner +44 1473 742325 www.christy-turner.com ERKAYA +90 312 395 2986 www.erkayagida.com.tr Tekpro +44 1692 403403 www.tekpro.com

111 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Zaccaria +55 19 3404 5700 www.zaccaria.com.br

Loading/un-loading equipment Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

MSC +44 1473 277 777 msc.com/sugar

Hydronix +44 1483 468900 www.hydronix.com

Neuero Industrietechnik +49 5422 95030 www.neuero.de

Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

vibronet-Gräf GmbH & Co.KG +49 6441 62031 www.vibronet.com

Biomin +43 2782 8030 www.biomin.net

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com Zheng Chang +86 2164184200 www.zhengchang.com/eng

Process control Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl

Ottevanger Milling Engineers +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com

FAWEMA +49 22 63 716 0 www.fawema.com

Genç Degirmen +90 444 0894 www.gencdegirmen.com.tr

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Maxtex Trading Group Co. Ltd. +66 29488281 www.maxtex.net

Henry Simon +44 0161 804 2800 www.henrysimonmilling.com

Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com

IMAS - Milleral +90 332 2390141 www.milleral.com

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Rolls Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

TMI +34 973 25 70 98 www.tmipal.com

Ocrim +39 0372 4011 www.ocrim.com

Fundiciones Balaguer, S.A. +34 965564075 www.balaguer-rolls.com

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Ottevanger Milling Engineers +31 79 593 22 21 www.ottevanger.com

Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Yenar Dˆk¸m A.S. +90 332 2391073 www.yenar.com.tr

Palletisers

Satake +81 82 420 8560 www.satake-group.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Selis +90 222 236 12 33 www.selis.com.tr

Statec Binder +43 3112 38 5800 www.statec-binder.com

Silo Construction & Engineering +32 51723128 www.sce.be

TMI +34 973 25 70 98 www.tmipal.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Golden Grain Group +86 371 68631308 www.g-grain.com

112 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

Sangati Berga +55 11 2663 9990 www.sangatiberga.com.br

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Christy Turner +44 1473 742325 www.christy-turner.com

Hydronix +44 1483 468900 www.hydronix.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Packaging

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Plant

Adisseo + 33 1 46 74 70 00 www.adisseo.com

Alapala +90 212 465 60 40 www.alapala.com

Wynveen +31 26 47 90 699 www.wynveen.com

Yemmak +90 266 7338363 www.yemmak.com

Mycotoxin management

Mill design & installation

Sangati Berga +55 11 2663 9990 www.sangatiberga.com.br

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Moisture measurement Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

ASG Group (Degirmen Makine) +90 342 357 01 50 www.degirmen.com

Viteral +90 332 239 01 41 http://viteral.com.tr

Golden Grain Group +86 371 68631308 www.g-grain.com

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl

Vigan Engineering +32 67 89 50 41 www.vigan.com

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Zaccaria +55 19 3404 5700 www.zaccaria.com.br

Pellet press Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Pelleting Technology Netherlands (PTN) +3 73 54 984 72 www.ptn.nl

Roller mills Alapala +90 212 465 60 40 www.alapala.com ASG Group (Degirmen Makine) +90 342 357 01 50 www.degirmen.com Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Christy Turner +44 1473 742325 www.christy-turner.com Genç Degirmen +90 444 0894 www.gencdegirmen.com.tr IMAS - Milleral +90 332 2390141 www.milleral.com

Sefar AG +41 898 57 00 www.sefar.com

Henry Simon +44 0161 804 2800 www.henrysimonmilling.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Selis +90 222 236 12 33 www.selis.com.tr

Ocrim +39 0372 4011 www.ocrim.com

IAOM +1 913 338 3377 www.iaom.info

Zaccaria +1 5519 34045715 www.zaccaria.com.br

Pelleting Technology Netherlands (PTN) +3 73 54 984 72 www.ptn.nl Pingle +86 311 88268111 www.plflourmill.com

Training

IFF +495307 92220 www.iff-braunschweig.de

Golden Grain Group +86 371 68631308 www.g-grain.com

Kansas State University +1 785 532 6161 www.grains.k-state.edu

Silos

Sangati Berga +55 11 2663 9990 www.sangatiberga.com.br

AGI www.aggrowth.com

OMS +441242 267700 www.onlinemillingschool.com

Selis +90 222 236 12 33 www.selis.com.tr

Altinbiliek +90 222 236 13 99 www.abms.com.tr

Ocrim +39 0372 4011 www.ocrim.com

Yemtar Feed Mill Machines +90 266 733 8550 www.yemtar.com

Behlen +1 402 564 3111 www.behlengrainsystems.com

UK Flour Millers +44 2074 932521 www.ukflourmillers.org

Golden Grain Group +86 371 68631308 www.g-grain.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Roll fluting Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Christy Turner +44 1473 742325 www.christy-turner.com Fundiciones Balaguer, S.A. +34 965564075 www.balaguer-rolls.com Yenar Dˆk¸m A.S. +90 332 2391073 www.yenar.com.tr

Reclaim system Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

Scalling Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com NorthWind +1 785 284 0080 www.northwindts.com

Sifters

A/S Cimbria +45 9617 9000 www.cimbria.com

The Essmueller +1 800 325 7175 www.essmueller.com

PLP +39 05 23 89 16 29 www.plp-systems.com

Obial +90 382 2662120 www.obial.com.tr

TMI +34 973 25 70 98 www.tmipal.com

Ozpolat Makina Gida +90 342 337 1217 www.ozpolatmakina.com.tr

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Port Tarragona +34 977 259 400 www.porttarragona.cat

Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

Silo Construction & Engineering +32 51723128 www.sce.be

vibronet-Gräf GmbH & Co.KG +49 6441 62031 www.vibronet.com

Silos Cordoba +34 957 325 165 www.siloscordoba.com Bruks Siwertell AB +46 4285880 www.bruks-siwertell.com

Brock +1 866 658 4191 www.brockgrain.com

Symaga +34 91 726 43 04 www.symaga.com

Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Top Silo Constructions (TSC) +31 543 473 979 www.tsc-silos.com

Dinnissen BV +31 77 467 3555 www.dinnissen.nl

Van Aarsen International +31 475 579 444 www.aarsen.com

Koyuncu Sanayi +91 224 723 92 92 www.koyuncufirca.com

Weighing equipment Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com

Sukup +1 641 892 4222 www.sukup.com

Gazel +90 364 2549630 www.gazelmakina.com

Vibrafloor +33 3 85 44 06 78 www.vibrafloor.com

CSI +90 322 428 3350 www.cukurovasilo.com

ASG Group (Degirmen Makine) +90 342 357 01 50 www.degirmen.com

Filip GmbH +49 5241 29330 www.filip-gmbh.com

Vibrators

Temperature monitoring Bühler AG +41 71 955 11 11 www.buhlergroup.com Inteqnion +31 543 49 44 66 www.inteqnion.com vibronet-Gräf GmbH & Co.KG +49 6441 62031 www.vibronet.com

Yeast products Leiber GmbH +49 5461 93030 www.leibergmbh.de

29TH PRINT EDITION

OUT NOW! The International Milling Directory is free to join if you are a supplier company. List your company, products and services today! If you would like to order a print copy of the Directory, please visit our website at:

internationalmilling.com

Mühlenchemie. German Quality Worldwide.

Mühlenchemie the problem-solver

“Every harvest has its own questions – and Mühlenchemie has the answer.”

Lutz Popper, Scientific Director, Stern-Wywiol Gruppe

One step ahead. To us, that means taking a look at grain quality during loading and shipment, to identify strengths and weaknesses of the new harvest in good time. We don‘t wait until the grain is shipped. We already have the right solution when the first grain deliveries go out. It’s a small step for us, but a big advantage for you.

A member of Stern-Wywiol Gruppe

#understandingflour

www.muehlenchemie.com

myMAG PRODUCTS AND SERVICES FEATURED IN THIS ISSUE

What is The Market Place The Market Place is a collaboration between Milling and Grain magazine and our sister titles, The International Milling Directory and The Global Miller. The Market Place aims to connect the print and the digital world, bringing more content that will be of interest, as well as direct links to the content that you want to see. Throughout this edition of the magazine you will find QR codes and myMAG links that can link to various content from all three publications.

Advertised products in this issue

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Pingle Group - Hebei Pingle Flour Machinery Group Co. Ltd.

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PLP Liquid Systems srl

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Satake (Japan)

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SCE

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Sefar AG

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Selis Makina End¸stri ve Tic.Ltd.Sti.

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Biomin Holding GmbH (Austria)

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Stern-Wywiol Gruppe GmbH & Co. KG

Brock Grain Systems

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Buhler (Switzerland)

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Sukup Manufacturing

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Christy Turner

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Symaga (Spain)

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Cimbria (Italy)

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Tapco Inc.

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Consergra

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Cukurova Silo

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Dinnissen

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Erkaya Laboratory Instruments Co

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Evonik Degussa (Germany)

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FAMSUN Co., Ltd

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FILIP GmbH

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Friedrich electronic GmbH & Co KG

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Fundiciones Balaguer

Gazel Degirmen Makinalari San. TIC. LTD. STI.

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TekPro

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The Anderson FT

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The Essmueller

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The Packaging Group GmbH

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TSC

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UK Flour Millers

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Van Aarsen International B.V.

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VAV Conveyor Components & Solutions

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Vibrafloor

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Vigan Engineering

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Henry Simon

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Wenger Manufacturing, Inc

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Yemmak

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Imas

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Yemtar

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Zhengzhou Golden Grain Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd

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Neuero Industrietechnik (Germany)

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Ocrim

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42, 43 77

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 115

the interview

Dr David Szczesny, Managing Director, Brabender GmbH & Co KG

Born in Poland in 1981, Dr David Szczesny has resided in Germany since the middle of his childhood, where he is now married and with three children. After earning his Doctorate in the fields of electrical engineering, information technology and mobile communications, he gained many years of experience in various companies and management positions. Dr Szczesny’s career has also seen him involved with modernisation, innovation and optimisation projects on a national and international level. In January 2017 he joined Brabender GmbH & Co KG in Duisburg, Germany, as the Technical Director, before becoming the Managing Director in 2019 How did you become the Managing Director of Brabender? Did your career automatically lead you in this direction or did you make deliberate choices to reach this highly-regarded position?

There is a saying in Germany: Firstly, things turn out differently, and secondly, than you think. I never accepted existing structures or technologies as is, but always tried to change something and to find better solutions instead. Especially the time as a management consultant sharpened my senses for entrepreneurial thinking and developed the continuous urge for customer satisfaction and success. But besides of the technical knowledge and the management experience it was finally hard work and being at the right place at the right time or simply luck.

You have worked in R&D within Brabender. Do you see new products and new processes as the future growth for the company and if so, in what direction might that be? Even though we tend to operate in conservative markets, many new technologies will revolutionise laboratories in the near or mid-future. Thereby, I am not referring to the digitalisation, which is unfortunately often still progressing slowly due to a lack of priority or a lack of understanding of the potentials of big data. Rather, I refer to automation and artificial intelligence. The costs for automation are declining since years and robots will soon be taking over many operational tasks in laboratories as well. Additionally, artificial intelligence plays already an integral part of our daily life and it will continue to take over cognitive tasks in laboratories like the interpretation of data, finding correlations, or identifying quality characteristics. Of course, we will provide corresponding solutions. Moreover, we are broadening our product portfolio in order to strengthen our positioning in existing markets and access new markets, also outside the laboratory business. Amongst others, the driving trends in this regard are clearly sustainability and green economy and especially in the food business the substitution of meat and dairy with plant based alternatives.

Extrusion technology is a significant part of the Brabender product line-up. What, in your view, is the importance of extrusion processing and why has Brabender developed such a strong position in the production of smaller, laboratory scale machines?

The selection between a batch or a continuous process like extrusion is normally a purely economic consideration. Typically, the investment costs for an extruder are higher but a continuous process is able to produce at lower production costs. Consequently, an extruder for production purposes is designed for uninterrupted 24/7 operation and maximum productivity.

116 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

However, when it comes to formulation and process development the requirements are completely different and this is where Brabender comes into play. Our twin screw extruder design fulfils the criteria of improvers and innovators. First, we provide a high flexibility achieved with multiple top and side feeding options, with a modular liner and configurable screws and a wide process parameter range (speed, temperature, pressure). This allows for a broad range of applications. Furthermore, our clam-shell design with an openable liner enables high transparency, easy cleaning and consequently fast product changes between the trials. This is crucial for speeding up development cycles. But the key aspect for our strong market positioning is our application expertise that we have accumulated over decades in various, partially exotic, projects with customers and research partners.

What are the key advantages of using an extruder in the production of foodstuffs? Do operators need ongoing technical support that companies like yours offer?

Besides the above-mentioned productivity, extrusion offers also a high versatility. Perhaps an extruder cannot bake a beautiful and delicious bread, but it can produce pasta of different shape and form, it can produce directly or indirectly expanded snacks, it can texturise proteins and create meat alternatives, it can even roast coffee or squeeze out oil, etc. This process and product diversity is overwhelming and offers many opportunities for the future.

Do you see extrusion technology playing a greater role in the production of our foodstuffs in the future and if so in what areas? Food extrusion plays already a big role in the market. In simple terms, it is used wherever it makes sense to do so. Nowadays, consumers have become very demanding in terms of product quality and taste.

If the extrusion process is feasible for a particular application, does not affect quality aspects negatively and offers advantages in productivity and costs, then it is highly likely that it is already in use or will be used in future. But, more important for new market potentials and growth are the megatrends “plant based” and “green or circular economy.” Extruders are particularly well suited for the texturisation of proteins and creation of healthy and sustainable food alternatives to animal-based foods like meat or egg with typically higher footprints. In addition, extruders are crucial in the recycling of residue streams from foodstuff production into intermediate products or delicious snacks, bars, etc. In both areas we see the most movement in the markets.

We expect the world’s population to grow to over nine billion people by 2050. Will food analysis and product monitoring become increasingly important to consumers and governments alike and with the world continuing to grow rapidly, is the focus likely to remain on safe food production? Is the world becoming more standardised in its evaluation of foodstuffs?

Many people and experts believe that the biggest challenge in future will be to feed the world’s fast-growing population. I am relaxed because we are dealing with comparably slow developments and we are working already on the solutions like productivity increases without expanding agricultural land, waste reduction or even avoidance, an optimised carbon footprint partly achieved with aqua cultures, lower consumption in general, and so on and so forth. And of course, additionally, the increasing consumer demand for healthy and sustainable food will lead to seamless monitoring from field to the plate with most probably new technologies and standards. But to be honest, I am rather puzzled why with this oversupply of food today there are still people or especially children in our world still suffering from malnutrition or hunger. I hope that we solve this problem much sooner.

Milling and Grain - December 2021 | 117

PEOPLE THE INDUSTRY FACES Alltech Crop Science appoints new CEO to lead global growth

lltech Crop Science announces that it has filled its newly created CEO position with the appointment of Andrew Thomas to lead its global team.

Previously, Mr Thomas served in executive management roles for the plant breeding and seed company Nuseed as the business successfully expand both its technological pipeline and geographically. “We believe there is tremendous potential within global crop production to cultivate a more promising future,” says Dr Mark Lyons, president and CEO of Alltech.

“We felt it was essential to appoint a CEO to lead the charge, and we specifically sought someone with international experience, proven commercial success and a shared commitment to Working Together for a Planet of Plenty.

“Andrew’s experience and passion reflect these qualities, and we are excited to welcome him to the team,” concludes Dr Lyons.

Hotraco appoints its new Chief Commercial Officer

utomation systems manufacturer Hotraco has named Berta Danielsdóttir as Chief Commercial Officer. In her role, she will report directly to Ard Zweep, Chief Executive Officer.

As CCO, she will be responsible for developing and executing the company’s global sales strategy in order to increase its market share, grow revenues and develop the company’s organisational profile.

Previously, Ms Danielsdóttir was the CEO of Iceland Ocean Cluster where she worked with many startup companies within the Blue Economy on global level. She also participated in opening up the two first food halls in Iceland and has been a member of the board for various companies through the years. Ms Danielsdóttir has experience in international management and commercial roles and she also worked for Marel for 18 years. Ms Danielsdóttir has a Masters degree in managing international business from University of Akureyri, Iceland.

Maxtex appoints new Head of International Trade Division

r Cailes, Director of International Trade, is now heading up the International Trade Division to market and sell Rice Flour Processing Compact units (RFPC – Maxx Series) utilising a wet milling method.

“Kelly is leading the Maxxteam to revolutionise the Rice Flour industry,” says Tripop Boonmuan, President and CEO, welcoming Mr Cailes on the 25th anniversary. “Maxtex is committed to providing high quality equipment and flour that adheres to FDA, HACCP, GMP, HALAL & GHP standards.” Mr Cailes has been living & working in Asia for the past 22 years and will fulfil an integral role for global growth and commercialisation.

Maxtex Flour Factory (MFF), in Amata Industrial Estate, will be operational in January, 2022. This state of the art facility will offer live streaming, virtual tours and live customer support.

Zinpro appoints new Global Digital Marketing Director

inpro has welcomed Michael Tolmie as its new global digital marketing director. Mr Tolmie will lead the development of a stronger digital ecosystem to communicate with customers across the globe.

Mr Tolmie holds a bachelor’s degree in integrated marketing communications from the University of Wisconsin – Madison and an MBA from the University of Phoenix. He also brings two decades of experience in building strong teams and integrated digital strategies to the animal nutrition providers. “We are very excited to have Michael on board to help us stay on the cutting edge of the ever-changing digital business frontier,” says Rob Sheffer, Zinpro president and CEO.

“As a company, we are committed to leveraging technology as we build stronger, more meaningful connections between our industry experts and customers around the world, and Michael is well positioned to lead us in that effort.”

118 | December 2021 - Milling and Grain

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