DV22-04

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Address Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon.

Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon.

Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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20 3 5 4 23 6 7 11 18 8 12 25 26 35 1 33 40 28 30 37 38

EDITORIAL

3

"r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/

a,med a omreod u m&aumif ; vQif rd r d a &m trsm;yg csrf ; omrnf avmuwGif 0dnmP[laom todonf odjcif;oufoufomjzpfNyD; trSm;ESihf trSef (rdpämESihfor®m)taumif;ESihf tqdk;wdkYudk rl ESvHk;oGif;aumif;rI (a,medaomreodum&) tay:wGif rlwnfí ynm(tarm[-0dZÆm) ÓPfjzihfom uGJjym;atmifcGJjcm;Ekdifygonf/ þodkY uGJjym;um cGJjcm;od&SdrSomvQif avmuDudpöwGifjzpfap? avmukwå&mudpöwGifjzpfap xdkufoihfaom aumif;usKd;rsm; &&SdcHpm;EkdifMu rnfjzpfygonf/ þwGif todÓPfynmtwGuf a,medaomreodum&[laom ESvHk;oGif; aumif;jcif;onf t"duusygonf/ þa,med aomreodum&onf aou©yk*¾dKvftm; t&[wåzdkvfa&mufaponfh aus;Zl;rsm;aom twGif;w&m;jzpfonf[k Ak'¨ua[mMum;cJhyg onf/ "r®y't|uxmjA[®mP0*f ]]r[m yZmywd a*gwrD0w¬Kü Ak'¨u raumif;aomtrI? aumif;aomtrIwdkYudk udk,fydkifÓPf jzihf rSefpGmodNyD;vQif raumif;aomtrIwdkYudk qufvufrvkyfawmhbJ aumif;aomtrIudpö udkom qufvufjyKvkyfoGm;jcif;onf bk&m;&Sif\ w&m;awmfjzpf\/ bk&m;&Sifynwfaom 0denf;awmfjzpf\? bk&m;&Sif\ tqHk;trjzpf\}} [lí a[mxm;cJhygonf/ tvm;wl t*Fw k Kdå &üf vnf; &[ef;wdYk oihw f ifah vsmufywfpmG ESv;kH oGi;f rIjyKvQif rjzpf ao;aom ukov kd f w&m;wdo Yk nfjzpfuek \ f / jzpfNyD;aom ukokdvfw&m;wdkYonf pnfyif jyefYyGm;vmMuukef\[lí a[mxm;cJhygonf/ aumif;aom um,uHrI? 0pDuHrI? raemuHrIwdkYudk jyKvkyf&efrSm a,medaomreodum&vdktyfvSygonf/ Ak'¨u a,medaom reodum&qdak om pdwaf umif;r&So d rl sm;onf awmorifEiS w fh o l nf? awmorifonf tzd;k xdu k f tzd;k wef pdeaf wG a&TawG? jrawG rnfoyYkd if awGUjrifaeapumrl rdrd\ tusKd;udk jzpfapjcif;iSm rpGrf;Ekdifovdk a,medaom reod um&r&Sdaom olonfvnf; tzdk;wefaom w&m;oHudk emMum;&umrl olYtwGuf rnfonfhtusKd;rQ rjzpfay:apEkdifay[lí a[mMum;xm;cJhygonf/ t&d,mjzpf&eftxd aus;Zl;jyKaom a,medaomreodum&qkdaom pdwfxm;aumif; ESvHk;oGif;aumif;xm;&Sdolonfum; rdrd\ twGif;cHaus;Zl;jyKaom w&m;jzpfí oyÜK&dooHao0qdkaom olawmfaumif; ESihf aygif;azmf&jcif;u jyifyu aus;Zl;jyKaom w&m;jzpfygonf/ avmuwGif vSnf;&xm;onf bD;ESpfck&SdrSom vdk&ma&mufEkdifovdk t&d,mjzpfrIwGifvnf; oyÜK&do oHao0qdkaom tjyifpuf a,medaomreodum&qdkaom twGif;puf? þSESpfyg;jynhfpHkrS t&d,mqdkaomolawmfpiftjzpfodkYa&mufEkdifygonf/ a,medaom reodum&qdkaom pdwfxm;aumif;rIonf vGefpGmyif ta&;BuD;vSygonf/ a&S;u t&Sifwdórax&fonf r&D;\ ya,m*aMumihf vlqdk;rsm;u zrf;í owfrnftjyKwGif vlqdk;wdkYudk wpfncGihfjyK&ef awmif;yefNyD; rdrdxGufrajy;jcif;udk tmrcHEkdif&ef rdrd\ aygifudk ausmufwHk;jzihf½dkufcsKd;NyD; xdk'Pf&mudk a,medaomreodum& ESvHk;oGif;rdojzihf nwGif;csif;yif &[EÅmjzpfcJh&onf/ tvm;wl t&Siaf *gwduonf jA[®m jynfusrS 0dyóem tm;xkwrf nf[k qH;k jzwfí vnfyif;udk oifwek ;f "m;ESiv fh ;DS &m a0'emudk &í xdka0'emudk a,medaomreodum& usatmif ESvHk;oGif;½IrSwfí &[EÅmjzpf NyD;rS y&dedAÁmefjyKoGm;cJhonf/ þrSm jyKvkyfaqmif&GufyHk rSm w&m;awmfESihf ravsmfaomfvnf; a,med aomreodum&jzihf ajzmihfrSefoGm;aomaMumihf t&[wåzdkvfokdY qdkufa&muf&jcif;jzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumihf rsufarSmufcwfwGif Ak'¨\ "r®w&m;rsm; xGef;um;aecsdef0,f Ak'¨bmom jrefrmtrsKd;om; trsKd;orD;wdkYonf a,medaomreodum& jzihfom jyKrl ajymqdkBuHpnfMurnfqdkvQif avmuDaumif;usKd;? avmukwå&m aumif;usKd;rsm; trSefyif &&SdcHpm;Mu&rnfjzpfygonf/ "r®0D&onf pm½Iol "r®rdwfaqGwdkYtm; oyÜK&do oHao0[laom "r®olawmfpOf trSef w&m;udk aygif;azmfrSD0Jrdatmif vrf;ñTefa&;om; jyaeygí rdwfaqGwdkYuom a,medaom reodum&jzihf ESvHk;oGif;EkdifMuygvQif avmuDtwGuf aumif;usKd;rsm; jzpfxGef;Ekdifovdk rdrdwdkYtwGufvnf; tusKd;w&m;rsm; &Ekdifygonf[k wdkufwGef; EdI;aqmftoday;tyfygonf/ t,f ' D w m

WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE

4

"r®0D&onf t"r®w&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/

tjynfjynfqdkif&max&0g max&0g'' Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf ygarmu©csKy f q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; t*¾r[my@dw? t*¾r[m*E¦0gpuy@dw a'gufwm t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho a[mMum;csD ; jr§ i h f a wmf r l t yf a om

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udk rvSwyhJ *k Kd¾ vu f tbdZÑmvdaYk c:wJh avmbpdwaf wG0ifvmw,f/ 0ifvm NyD;awmh bmjyóemwufvmwkef;qdkawmh umr*kPfudpöawGrSm rSm;rSm; ,Gif;,Gif; umarokrdpämpm&qdkwJh jypfrIawGusL;vGefvmw,f/ tJ'Dvdk usL;vGefvmwmeJYwpfNydKifeuf vlawG&JUoufwrf;[m 'kp½dkufw&m;awG rsm;rsm;xG e f ; um;vmonh f t wG u f a Mumif h avsmh u svmvk d u f w m wpfaomif;wrf;uaeNyD;awmh ig;axmifwrf;txd a&mufoGm;w,f/ ig;axmif w rf ; tJ ' D v d k i g;axmif w rf ; a&muf o G m ;wJ h t cgrS m vl a wG [ m wpfa,mufew YJ pfa,muf qJMuw,f? Murf;Murf;wrf;wrf;awGajymvmMu w,f/ t"dyÜm,fr&SdwJhpum;awGajymvmMuw,f/ ]]z½ko0gpm? oræyÜ vmy}} qdw k hJ pum;rsKd ;awG xGe;f um;vmw,f/ tJ'v D x kd eG ;f um;vmwJt h cg usawmh ig;axmifwrf;uaewpfcg vl&Y UJ oufwrf;[m avsmu h somG ;vku d f wm ESpfaxmifhig;&mwrf;txd usqif;oGm;ygw,f/ ES p f a xmih f i g;&mwrf ; tJ'Dvdk ESpfaxmifhig;&mwrf;txdatmif usqif;oGm;wJhtcg bmawGay:vmjyefwkef;qdkawmh vlYoufwrf; ESpfaxmifhig;&mwrf;rSm tbdZÑm vdkYac:wJh olrsm;ypönf;udkrS vdkcsifwJh 0doravmbrsdK;awGay: vmw,f/ olrsm;ypönf;udk udk,hfypönf;jzpfvdkrI rw&m;wJhavmbawG? olrsm;ypönf;udk &vdkrIqdkwmawG 'Dqdk;0g;wJh pdwfaepdwfxm;awG[m vlaY vmurSm 0ifa&mufNy;D awmhvmw,f/ 'gwifruao;ygbl;/ ]]Asmyg'}} vdkYqdkwJh wpfa,mufESihfwpfa,muf rkef;wD;rIawGvnf;yJ vlYavmurSm rsm;vmw,f/ tJ'Dvdkrsm;vmwJhtwGufaMumifh tbdZÑm w&m;awG? Asmyg' w&m;awG vlY&JUpdwfawGxJrSm jzpfyGm;rItm;aumif;vmwmeJY wpfNydKifeuf wnf; vlawG&JUoufwrf;[m ,kwfavsmhvmw,f/ cE¨mudk,f&JUtqif; ta&mifawGvnf;yJ ,kwaf vsmv h mw,f/ 'geJY vlo Y ufwrf;[m ESpaf xmihf ig;&mwrf;uaeNy;D awmh wpfaxmifwrf;txdatmif usqif;oGm;ygw,f/ vl Y o uf w rf ; tckvdk 'kp½dkufawGvkyfwmESihf vlY&JUoufwrf;[m bmaMumifh avsmhus&ovJ¿? aMumif;usdK;qDavsmfrI&Sd&JUvm;vdkY pOf;pm;aumif; pOf;pm;rdMuygvdrhfr,f/ vleJYjyifyurÇmqdkwm tNrJwrf;qufpyfNyD;awmh aewmyg/ vlawG&JUpdwfydkif;qdkif&musqif;oGm;wmeJYwpfNydKifeuf bmawG udkoGm;xdckdufovJqdkvkdY&Sd&if &moDOwkudk oGm;xdckdufygw,f/ vlawG&JU pdwf"mwfay:rSmrlwnfNyD;awmh &moDOwkawGazmufjyefvmw,f/

WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

5

Ak'*¨ w D u d m q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm&

(½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) rm& 0w¦ K Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0w¦djynf aZw0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg rm&f ewfrif;onf qifajymifBu;D [ef zefqif;í t&Sif &m[kvmrax&fukd Ncdrf;ajcmufvm\/ bk&m;&Sio f nf rm&fewf\tjzpfudk odawmfrí l ]]ed|*Fawm toEÅmoD}} paom ESpf*gxmukd a[mawmfrl onf/ ed|*Fawm toEÅmoD? 0DwwaPSm te*FaPm/ tpädE´d b0ov’med? tEÅdarm,H orkóa,m/ 0DwwaPSm tem'gaem/ ed½kwådy'aum0da'g/ tu©&meH oEédygwH? Znm ykAÁmy&med p/

o a0 tEÅdrom&Da&m? r[myanm r[myk&daomwd 0kpöwd/ He who has reached the goal, is fearless, is without craving, is passionless, has cut the thorns of life; this is final body.

pum;ajy/ / tMuif o l o nf &[ef ; ud p ö N yD ; qk H ; jcif ; (t&[wå z k d v f ) odkYa&muf\/ xdwfvefYjcif;r&Sd? uif;NyD;aom wPSm udavom&Sd\/ b0okH;xyf vm;uyf apjcif ; ajimih f w H o if ; wd k Y u k d jzwf N yD ; jzpf í ol\b0cE¨monf tqkH;pGefom wnf;/ jref r muAsm cE¨mtpGJ jywfpJwPSm? ed½kwådyk'f t[kwfvdr®m? tu©&mwdkY aygif;vdkYpk&m? a&SUaemufpyf ½IrSwfodaywm/

vlawGpdwfazmufjyefwmudktaMumif;jyKNyD; &moDOwkawG azmufjyefvmw,f/ xdktcg &moDOwkawGay:rSmrSDNyD; pdkufysdK;&wJh oD;ESH awG? oD;yifpm;yifawGrmS tqDMoZmawG ,kwaf vsmo h mG ;w,f/ raumif; wJh &moDOwkurkd NDS y;D aygufvm&wJh oD;ESaH wGrmS tqDMoZmawG ,kwaf vsmh oGm;onht f wGuaf Mumifh xdt k qDMoZm,kwaf vsmo h mG ;wJh tm[m&awGukd pm;oHk;&wJh vlawG&JUoufwrf;[m usNyD;awmhoGm;wmyg/ 'gaMumifhrdkYvdkY vlYavmurSm uHw&m;om t"dur[kwfygbl;/ vlawG vlYb0a&muf&SdvmwJhtcgrSm touf&SnfrI? toufwdkrIqdkwJh t&mudk OwkeJYtm[m&u tqHk;tjzwfay;ygw,f/ ]]OwkemabmZae e tm,k [m,wdyd 0¹wdyd}} OwkESifhtm[m&onf vlawG&JUoufwrf; udk ,kwfavsmhapw,f? wdk;vJwdk;apw,f/ tJ'DOwkudk b,foluaeNyD; awmh xde;f csKyaf eovJ/ control vkyaf eovJq&kd if vlawG&UJ uHMur®mawG u xdef;csKyf? control vkyfaewmyg/ vlawG&UJ oEÅmefrmS aumif;wJph w d af wGarG;vd&Yk &dS if &moDOwkawG [m aumif;rGev f mw,f/ vlawG&UJ pdwx f rJ mS raumif;wmawG arG;vmvdYk &Sd&if &moDOwkawG[m azmufjyefvmw,f/ ouf&SdurÇmESihf oufrJhjyify urÇmwd[ Yk m tNrw J rf; wpfcEk iS w fh pfck qufpyfNy;D awmhaewmyg/ 'gaMumifh rdkYvdkY vlawG tusifhpm&dwåysufwmudktaMumif;jyKNyD; &moDOwkawG ysufjym;vmw,f/ &moDOwkysufjym;wmudktaMumif;jyKNyD; &moDOwkudk rSND y;D pdu k yf sKd ;Mu&wJh oD;ESaH wGrmS tqDMoZm,kwaf vsmw h ,f/ 'Dvjkd zpfwm/ 'DtqDMoZm,kwfavsmhwJh oD;ESHawGpm;&wJhtcg xdkoD;ESHawG&JU pGr;f tifowåd tm[m&"mwfawG[m vl&Y UJ oufwrf;ud&k n S af tmif rxde;f Edik af wmhb;l wJ/h 'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd vlawG&UJ uHMur®mtavsmuf oufwrf;awG

qkH;cE¨m&Sd xkdonhfolom? a,musfm;jrwf vlwwfqkd&rSm/ He who is without craving and grasping, he who is skilled in etymology and terms, he who knows the grouping of letters and their sequence, it is he who is called the bearer of the final body, one of profound wisdom, a great man.

pum;ajy/ / tMuifolonf wPSmuif;\ç pGJvrf;jcif;r&Sd? pum;t&if;tjrpfukd a0zef&m ed ½ k w d å y #d o rÇ d ' gü vd r ® m wwf o d ynm&S d \ / tu©&mwdkY\ tpkta0;ESihf a&SUaemuftquf toG,u f o dk \ d /tqk;H pGeaf om uk, d cf E¨m&Sad om xkyd *k K¾ v d u f dk eufeaJ omynm&So d l a,musmf ;jrwf [k qkdtyf\/

[m wjznf;jznf;ESihf tckvdkusqif;oGm;wmjzpfygw,f/ tJ'DrSm vlawG [m &Spaf omif;wrf;uae wjznf;jznf;yJ qkw, f w k v f mvku d w f m rsKd ;quf generation wpfckNyD;wpfckqkwf,kwfvmvkdufwm ESpfaygif;awmfawmf MumwJhtcg vlY&JUoufwrf;[m wpfaxmifwrf;txdatmifusvmw,f/ wpf a xmif w rf ; wpfaxmifwrf;a&mufwJhtcg bmjzpfvJqdkawmh vlawGrSm t,ltquGJjym;rIawGrsm;vmw,f/ rSm;,Gif;wJht,ltqawG awG;awm NyD;awmh ,HkMunfvufcHvmMuw,f/ at;..avmurSm ukodkvfqdkwm r&Sdygbl;/ ukov kd v f yk v f Ykd ukov kd &f UJ tusKd ;w&m;qdw k m r&Syd gbl;/ tukov kd f qdkwmvnf;r&Sdygbl;/ tukodkvf&JUtusdK;w&m;qdkwmvnf;r&Sdygbl;/ wrvGefavmu aemufb0qdkwmvnf; r&Sdbl;qdkawmh trSefw&m; jiif;y,fwJht,l0g'awG ]]ew¬du}} vdkYac:wJh uHç uH&JUtusdK;w&m;udk jiif;y,fwJh0g'awG vlYavmurSm xGef;um;vmw,f/ vlawGu 'gudk philosophy vda Yk c:ygw,f/ rSeu f efwhJ t,ltqwpf&yfukd ajymif;jyefjrif vmw,f/ pmvdkajym&&ifawmh ]]rdpäm'd|d}} rdpämt,l0g'awG vlYavmu BuD;udk vTrf;rdk;vmw,fayhg/ tJ'v D v kd rT ;f rd;k vmwmudk taMumif;jyKNy;d awmh &moDOwkawGysuf jym;qkwf,kwfvdkY wpfaxmifwrf;touf&SnfwJhvlom;awG&JU om;orD; rsdK;qufawGusawmh wpfaxmifuae avsmhusoGm;wm b,ftxd a&mufomG ;wke;f qdak wmh ig;&mwrf;txdatmifusomG ;w,f/ vl&Y UJ oufwrf; [m tESpfig;&mwrf;a&mufoGm;NyD/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

6

"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/

ta&;av;yg; jynfhpkHxm;rSom (u) avmurS m vl & ,f v d k Y j zpf v mMu&if pm;a&;? 0wfa&;? aea&;? usef;rma&;wdkYudk vH;k yef;Mu&w,f/ pm;? 0wf? aea&;? use;f rma&; wdkYjynhfpHkygrSvnf; vlYb0t&omudk cHpm;Mu& rSmyJjzpfw,f/ vlYb0qdkwm &cJaMumif; &cJvS wJh vlb Y 0udk wefz;kd &Sad tmiftoH;k csMuzdYk vdt k yf aMumif;awGudk Ak'¨bk&m;&Sifuvnf; a[mMum; awmfrlygw,f/ pm;? 0wf? aea&; jynfhpHkygrSvnf; vSLa&;wef;a&;qdw k hJ 'geaumif;rI? tpkpak wGukd enf;rsm;rqdk jyKEdkifMurSmyJr[kwfvm;/ NyD;awmh usef;rma&;uvnf; jynhfpHkygOD;rS/ rusef;rm&if oDvvnf;raqmufwnfEikd b f ;l / w&m;bm0em vnf; yGm;rsm;tm;xkwjf cif;rjyKEikd af wmhb;l av/ 'ghaMumihf use;f rma&;aumif;jcif;[m vnf; ]]tma&m*s y&rm vmbm- usef;rmjcif; [m vmbfBuD;wpfyg;vdkY Ak'¨bk&m;u "r®y'rSm a[mMum;awmfrlxm;wmayhg/ vlawG jynfhpHkaezdkYvdktyfwmuawmh ta&;av;yg;ygyJ/ ta&;av;yg;qdkwm qdkcJhNyD; wJh pm;a&;? 0wfa&;? aea&;? usef;rma&;awGyJ ayhg/ (c) tJ'Dta&;av;yg;jynhfpHkNyD;wJhaemuf vlawGrmS awmifw h rItvdq k E´awG&jdS yefw,f/ vl pwJh owå0gawG&JU tvdkqE´uawmh rqHk;Edkifyg bl;/ 'D[m&Sd&if [dk[mvdkcsif? [dk[m&Sdjyefawmh wpfjcm;[mvdkcsif? vdkcsifwmudk uH? ÓPf? 0D&, d t& txdu k t f avsmuf&vmjyefawmhaum wJh/ auseyfa&mihf&JUygNyDvm;ar;&if ][ifhtif;} vdkYyJ ajzMu&rSmyJ/ vlYodu©mt& [efaqmifyef aqmif rvkdcsif[efaqmifvkduf&aomfvnf;? aqmifae&aomfvnf; vdkcsifwJhqE´uawmh &ifxJrSm yGpdyGpdeJYvIyfcwfaerSmygyJ/ &&SdNyD;om; umr*kPfypönf;awGudk xd e f ; od r f ; apmih f a &S m uf & wJ h aMumif h M urI ? aemufxyfvckd siw f hJ awmihw f rIawGeYJ vlawG[m trsm;tm;jzih f vH k ; vnf v k d u f a eMuw,f / *syaf t;olt Y ar½du k jf zpfaeMuw,f/ 0kid ;f Bu;D ywf ywf 'la0a0jzpfaeMuav&JU/ oifwu Ykd REykf w f v Ykd kd yk*Kd¾ vaf wG rajymeJ?Y pMum&wemydik w f hJ rE¨mwkpMumrif;Bu;D awmifrS vljY ynfu umr*kPt f m½Hpk nf;pdrcf sr;f omawGukd

rk H & G m aeZm

cHpm;½Hek YJ rwif;wdrrf a&mih&f EJ ikd af o;bJ ewfjynf wuf N yD ; od M um;rif ; pnf ; pd r f u d k y if w uf u m odr;f ydu k cf ahJ o;w,fr[kwv f m;/ aemufq;kH awmh olY&JUavmbuyJolYudk vlYjynfjyefcsvdkufw,f/ olY&JUtvdkqE´awG rjynhf0cifrSmawmh b0ed*Hk; csKyfcJh&w,fav/ (*) vlawGrmS awmifw h rIav;ck&adS Mumif;? t*Fw k &å edum,f? pwkueú yd gwf? ywåur®ow k rf mS Ak'j¨ rwfpmG a[mMum;awmfrw l ,f/ tJ'aD wmihw f rIav;yg;uawmh1/ igh t m; w&m;ojzih f & &S d a om pnf;pdrfOpömawGaygrsm;ygap/ 2/ ighrmS aqGrsKd ;rdwo f *FawG ajrmufjrm; pGm? tNcHt&HawGajrmufjrm;pGm&SdNyD; ausmfapm xif&Sm;ygap/ 3/ igonf tESDaqGrsdK;om;csif;awG rdwfaqGoli,fcsif;awGESihf touf&Snf&SnfMum jrihfpGm ae&ygap/ 4/ igonf vlYb0rSm jynhfpHkpGmjzihf touf&n S Mf umjrihpf mG ae&½Hrk Qru aovGeaf om tcg ewfjynfoaYkd &mufygap..wdYk jzpfayw,f/ awmifw h rIqE´uawmh tvdv k jkd ynh0f a&muf&v dS mrSmawmh r[kwaf ybl;/ awmihw f ol udk,fwdkifu qE´jynhf0csifoludk,fwdkifu 0D&d, pdkufxkwf? vHkYveJYtm;xkwf,lrSom &&SdEkdifrSm jzpfygw,f/ awmif h w rI u d k jynh f 0 &&S d a pEd k i f w J h w&m;av;yg;udk vkdufemusihfoHk;&ayvdrfhr,f/ tJ'Dw&m;av;yg;u bmawGvJqdk&if...

1/ o'¨gw&m;eJY jynhfpHkjcif;

2/ udk,fusihfoDveJY jynhfpHkjcif; 3/ pGefYBuJrI? pGefYvTwfrI pm*w&m;eJY jynhfpHkjcif;eJY 4/ todÓPfynmeJY jynhfpHkjcif;wdkY ygyJ/ - ]o'¨ g } qdkwJh ,HkMunfjcif;ygyJ/ jrwfpGmbk&m;ocif&JU oAÁnKaAm"dÓPfudk t<uif;rJhvufcH,HkMunf&if o'¨gw&m;eJYjynfhpHk jcif;ygyJ/ - ]oD v } qd k w m ud k , f e J Y E I w f u d k raumif;rIrjyKbJ rajymbJ xde;f odr;f apmihaf &Smuf jcif;jzpfw,f/ olYtoufowfjcif;? olUOpömcdk; jcif;? umr*kPu f pd ö ½Iyaf yGrmS ;,Gi;f jcif;? vdrn f m ajymqdkjcif;? ao&nfao&ufrl;,pfaq;0g;rSD0J oHk;aqmifjcif;qdkwJh ig;yg;oDv? &Spfyg;oDv? udk;yg;oDv pwmawGygyJ/ - ]pm*} qdkwm pGefYvTwfjcif;? pGefYBuJ jcif;yg/ rdrdb0? rdom;pk rdrdywf0ef;usiftay: rSm 0efwdkjcif;? remvdkjcif;uif;&Sif;NyD; cspfjcif;? oem;jcif ; ? arwå m ? u½k P mw&m;rsm;eJ Y aygif;oif;qufqaH exkid u f m rdrpd rG ;f Edik o f avmuf vSL'gef;jcif;? axmufyHhjcif;? rQa0cHpm;jcif;wdkYrSm arGUavsmfaejcif;[m pm*w&m;eJY jynhfpHkjcif;yg yJ/ - ]ynm} qdkwm twef;ynm? bGJU? *kPfx;l ? 'D*&D&&dS r,fvYkd rqdv k ykd gbl;/ trSm;trSef a0zefwwfwhJ ynm? taumif;eJt Y qd;k ? taMumif; pmrsuf E S m 17 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

7

q&mhaus;Zl; jrif;rkd&fOD; &S i f Ó P(zsmyH k )

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

8

"r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? avmuom;tm;vkH;twGufjzpfonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ BuD;udk &vmwJhtcgrSm vlYb0BuD;udk &vdkYqdkNyD; tukov kd u f aH wGuakd wmh twdwu f rjyKcb hJ ;l vdYk awmh rxifMuygeJY? taMumif;tm;avsmfpGm uREyfk w f Ykd jyKvyk cf MhJ urSmtrSeyf ifjzpf\/ 'ghaMumihf ,aeYvb Yl 0udk &&Sx d m;olawG[m wpfa,mufEiS fh wpfa,muftusdK;ay;awG uGmjcm;aeMuwm [m uREykf w f rYkd sujf rifygyJ/ vlb Y 0ud&k &Sad patmif uk o d k v f u H a wG u yd k Y a qmif a y;vd k Y vl j zpf Mu&onf/ tJ'Daemufydkif; (y0wåd) rSmawmh t&Sdeft[kef rukefao;wJh ukodkvfuHawG&JU tusdK;ay;udk cHpm;&rSmjzpfovdk taMumif; tm;avsmfpGm uREfkyfwdkYjyKcJhrdwJh tm;enf;wJh tukodkvfuHawG&JU tusdK;ay;udkvnf; cHpm;& rSmjzpf\/ a&SmifvTJaevdkYvJ r&Edkifyg/ rdrdjyK vkyfcJhwJh tukodkvfuH tenf; trsm;tvkduf cHpm;Mu&rSmyifjzpf\/ wcsdKUrSm vlYb0ud&k vm ayrJh ukov kd u f aH wG&UJ aemufqufwGJ tusdK;ay; awGudk cHpm;&wmr&Sd oavmuf awGU&onf/ tukov kd u f H\ tusKd ;ay;udkom rsufpdrSdwfNyD; cHpm;aeMu&wmawGU&onf/ tb,fhaMumifh b0uGm[rIawG&Sdaeoenf;vdkY okbvkvkifu bk&m;&Sifudk ar;avQmufzl;\/ bk &m;&Sif\ tajzuawmh (ur® ó um rmP 0owåm ur® ' g,m'g ur® a ,med ur® A E¨ K ur® y Ü # d o&Pm? ur® o awå 0d b ZÆ w d ,'d ' H [D e yPD Ü D wwm,mw wwm,mwdd ) wJ h / teuf u ? okb P vkvif owå0gwdo Yk nf uHomvQif rdrdOpöm&Sd ukef\/ uH\tarGcHwdkYjzpfukef\/ u H mv uHo mvQQif taMumif;&SMd u uke\ f / uHom vQ if aqGrsdK; vQif &S d M uuk e f \ / uH o mv Qif rSDcdk&m& mvQif m&SdSM uuk e f \ / wd k Y u d k t, jrwff jzpf j cif ; iS m owå0ggwd t,kkwftjrw uH o mvQif a 0zef a v\ v\)) [l í jzpf o nf / vl j zpf w mjcif ; wl y gvsuf b0 &yf w nf r I tqih f t wef ; uG m jcif ; aewm[m uH w &m; aMumihfvdkY bk&m;&Sifu ajzxm;wm awGU&\/ 'Dae&mrSm ukodkvfuH? tukodkvf uHESpfrsdK; pvH;k udk ,ckypöK yÜeb f 0rSm cHpm;oGm;&wJh "r®y'? pd w å 0 *f r S m vmwJ h yl w d * wå wd ó rax&f \ taMumif;udk om"utaeeJY oHa 0*,lEdkif Muapjcif;iSm wifjyyg&ap/ bk&m;&Siu f , kd af wmf jrwf om0w¬djynf? aZw0efausmif;awmfrSm oD w if ; oH k ; aeawmf r l p Of yl w d * wå w d ó trnf&SdwJh &[ef;awmf wpfyg;udk taMumif; jyKNyD; a'oemawmfudk a[mMum;awmfrlcJhonf/ bk&m;&Sio f nf om0w¬jd ynfrmS oDwif;oH;k aecdu k f om0w¬dNrdKUom; trsdK;aumif;om; wpfa,muf onf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ w&m;"r®udk emMum; &vdkY jrwfpGmbk&m; &SifESifh jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\

omoemawmfudk MunfndKvGef;vdkY bk&m;&SifxH awmfrSm &[ef;jyKawmfrlygw,f/ &[ef;jyKw,f qd k a wmh &[ef ; trnf q d k w m rS n h f a c:&wJ h xH k ; pH t wd k i f ; tJ ' D &[ef ; ud k v J wd ó vd k Y rS n h f a c:Muw,f / xd k w d ó &[ef ; [m &[ef;jzpfNy;D wJah emuf &[ef;wdYk usihf oH;k tyfwhJ oD v ? orm"d ? ynmqd k w J h od u © m oHk;&yftusifhjrwfawG udk rcRwf,Gif;apatmif Bud K ;pm;tm;xk w f c J h \ / tcsd e f u mvawG Mumanmif;vmonfESifhtrQ &[ef;w&m;udk Bud K ;pm;tm;xk w f a eaom wd ó &[ef ; \ cE¨mudk,fwGif tzktydefYav;awG aygufvmyg awmhonf/ tdkif;trmvdkYac:wJh tzktydeaYf wG aygufcgprSmawmh rken f i§ ;f aphrQom? aemufawmh wjznf;jznf;BuD;vmvkdufwm yJpif;iHkaphcefY? qD;oD;cefY? qD;jzLoD;cefYjzpfvmNyD; aemufydkif; OoQpfoD;avmufjzpfvmwJh tzkBuD;awG[m &ifhrSnfhvmNyD; aygufuGJxGufukefwmaMumihf cE¨mudk,fwpfckvHk;rSm temawGjzpfaeav\/ temawGu jynfykyfawG,dk? aoG;ykyfawG,dkeJY cE¨mudk,fBuD;wpfckvHk;rSm ayusHaeawmhonf/ qdk;vGef;aomteHYtoufawGeJY eHapmfae\/ xdu k o hJ aYkd om tajctaeaMumifh rlvac: aom wdóqdkwJhtrnfa&SUuae (ylwd*wå) qdkwJh aemufwdk;emrnfjzpfoGm;awmhonf/ ykyfaom cE¨m&SdolvdkY t"dyÜm,f&ygw,f/ aemufydkif;Mu awmh tJ ' D r ax&f & J U cE¨ m ud k , f w pf c k v H k ; rS m aygufaewJt h emawG[m cE¨mud, k &f UJ twGi;f ydik ;f udyk g wjznf;jznf;pm;vmaomaMumihf t½d;k awG yg aqG ; aqG ; vmw,f / cE¨ m ud k , f a y:rS m aoG;awG tvdrf;vdrf;ayusHaevdkY 0wf½Hkxm;wJh t0wf ouFef;awG[m tvdrf;vdrf;tusHusHeJY cE¨ m ud k , f ud k &pf y wf N yD ; awmh aeav&J U / aemuf a oG ; awG jynf a wG u ajcmuf u yf N yD ; cE¨mud, k rf mS 0wfxm; wJh ouFe;f [m cE¨mud, k ef YJ uyfaeavonf/ 'Dvdka0'emawGudk cHpm;ae &wJh tcsdefrSm olY&JU tem;udk b,folurS ruyf a wmh b l ; / ol Y u d k j yKpk a ewJ h twl a e oDwif;oHk;azmfeJY wynhaf wG[mvnf; teHYrcH EdkifawmhvdkY olYem;ruyfawmhbl;? a&SmifcGm oGm;Muw,f/ 'Dvekd YJ wpfyg;xJ txD;usejf zpfae wJh ylwd*wåwdó&[ef;[m 'ku©a0'emudk jyif;pGm cHpm;ae&&Smonf/ a0'emawGuvnf; jyif ; xef vmvk d u f w m? t½d k ; awG a wmif aqG;vmwJt h xd ygyJ/ 'DavmufcpH m;ae&ayr,hf ysHvGefawmf rrlEdkif bl;jzpfaew,f/ 'DtcsdefrSm jrwf A k ' ¨ [ m avmu"mwf w pf p k v H k ; rS m &S d w J h owå0gawGudk ÓPfawmfjzihf Munhf½IawmfrlwJh

9

tcg a0'em jyif;xefpGmcHpm;ae&wJh ykwd*wå wdórax&fudk jrifawmfrl\/ 'Drax&fBuD;[m t&[wå r *f ? t&[wå z d k v f u d k & Ed k i f w J h taMumif;taxmuf tyHah wG &Sad ewmudv k nf; jrif a wmf r l o nf / 'h g aMumif h r[mu½k P mBuD ; awmf r l a om jrwf A k ' ¨ u þrax&f B uD ; ud k twl a ewynh f a wG u pG e f Y y pf x m;MuNyD ; ,ck t cg þrax&f o nf igbk&m;&SifrSwyg; tjcm;aomaxmufwnf&m rSDcdktm;xm;&mr&SdawmhNyDvdkY qifjcifawmfrlNyD; aemuf? rax&fjrwf&SdaewJhausmif;udk <uawmf rlvmcJyh gw,f/ a&mufw,fq&kd ifyJ bk&m;&Si[ f m rD;wif;ukwfxJudk 0ifoGm;NyD; tdk;cGufawGudk okwo f ifawmfryl gw,f/ a&aEG;wnfv&Ykd rJt h ;kd udk vnf; aq;aMumokwfoifawmfrlw,f/ tJ'D aemuf a&aEG;tdk;xJukd a&xnfNh y;D rD;zkad y:rSmwif a&aEG;ylvmwJhtcgrSm ylwd*wåwdórax&f&JU ckwifanmifapmif;udk<uí anmifapmif;udk vufawmfjzihf udkifwG,faecsdefrSm &[ef;awG awGUjrifoGm;MuNyD; tJ'DtcgrSm &[ef;awmfawG u bk&m;&SifteD;udk 0dkif;tHka&muf&SdvmNyD; bke;f awmfBu;D aom jrwfpmG bk&m;? jrwfpmG bk&m; onf z,fcGmawmfrlí csrf;omovdk oDwif;oHk; awmfryl g? wynhaf wmfwYkd udik if if,al qmifay;yg rnfbk&m;vdkY avQmufxm;NyD; anmifapmif;udk 0dik ;f 0ef;rcsu D m rD;wif;ukwo f Ykd o,fomG ;Muonf/ rD;zdek m;rSm tomt,mcsay;Ny;D wJah emuf bk&m; &S i f u d k , f a wmf j rwf u apmapmuwnf ; u wnfxm;aom a&aEG;awGudk,lNyD; rax&fjrwf ay: yuf j zef ; ay;awmf r l w ,f / a&aEG ; jzih f yufjzef;ay;jcif;onf apmapmu cE¨mudk,fESifh uyf a eaom ouF e f ; awG u d k cG m vd k Y & atmif vkyfay;jcif;jzpfonf/ ouFef;awGudkcGmNyD;wJh tcgrSm usefwJha&aEG;eJY cE¨mudk,fwpfckvHk;udk ok w f o if a y;awmf r l y gw,f / cG m ,l v k d u f w J h ouF e f ; awG u d k zG w f a vQmf a pNyD ; aevS e f ; ay; ygw,f/ ouFef;awG vSef;xm;csdefrSm rax&fudk a&csd K ;ay;w,f / ouF e f ; awG a jcmuf w J h t cg jyef0wfay;awmfrlygw,f/ 'g[m bk&m;&Sif ud, k af wmfwikd f b,fou l rS ruyfawmhwhJ *dvme &[ef;udk jyKpkaewmyg/ 'DvdkjyKpkay;vkdufawmh rax&fjrwfvnf; aeomxdkio f mav;&So d mG ;Ny;D oefo Y ef&Y iS ;f &Si;f av; jzpfaewJhtcsdef bk&m;&Sif udk,fawmfjrwfBuD;[m rax&fjrwf&JU ckwif anmifapmif;acgif;&if;udk <uNyD; rax&fjrwfudk w&m;a[mawmf r l y gonf / bk & m;&S i f udk,fawmfjrwfBuD;u (cspfom; ylwd *wåwdó? qH y if a rT ; n§ i f ; pwJ h oH k ; q,h f E S p f y g;aom

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

10

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

tzd k Y t pk w d k Y o nf jyKjyif p D r H í xm;tyf a om tvsm;wpf e H ? teH w pf x G m rQavmuf a om þcE¨mud, k t f aumifyyk Bf u;D udk apmifah &Smufae wJh ZD0dwda`E´qdkwm&Sdw,f/ tJ'DZD0dwda`E´u 'DcE¨mudk,f taumifykyfBuD;udk pGefYcGmoGm;NyD qdk&if 'DcE¨mudk,fBuD;[m bmrStoHk;ruswJh zGJxif;jzpfoGm;awmhw,f/ zGJxif;vdkjzpfoGm;wJh 'DcE¨mudk,fBuD;[m r[myx0DajrBuD;ay:rSm yufvufjzpfap? apmif;acGvsufjzpfap? xm0& tdyaf e&awmhr,fvYkd ,ckv&kd iS ;f vif;rdeMYf um;Ny;D wzef (tpd & H 0w ,H uma,m? yx0d H t"dao ówd/ qka'¨g tayw0dnmaPm? ed & w¬ H 0 uv*F & H ) [l a om a'oemud k a[mMum;awmfr\ l / t"dymÜ ,frmS cspo f m;wdó &[ef;? þoifhcE¨m udk,fBuD;onf rMumjrihfrD todpdwf0dnmOfuif;onfjzpfí oDwif;oHk; azmfrsm;u okomefü pGefYypftyfaomaMumihf okomefajrü pif;pif; acGacG tdyfae&awmh rnfwum;? rnfonhft&m ESihfwlygoenf;? tusdK;rNyD;í toHk;r0ifaom opfom;tzsif; tnHhESihfwlygawmh\/) tJ'DvdkjrwfAk'¨u a[mMum;owday; awmfrv l Ykd rax&f jrwfuvnf; owdav;uyfNy;D em,lvdkufwm *gxmawmftqHk;rSmyJ y#dorÇd'g av;yg;ESifhwuG t&[wår*f? t&[wåzdkvfokdY rsuaf rSmufjyKomG ;awmfryl gw,f/ &[EÅmBu;D jzpf Ny;D w,fq&kd ifyJ jyif;xefveG ;f wJh a&m*ga0'em awG&UJ ESyd pf ufraI Mumihf y&deAd mÁ ef pH0ifawmfrcl yhJ g w,f / jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f u d k , f a wmf j rwf u ylw*d wåwó d rax&f&UJ tavmif;udk aumif;rGef pGm rD;oN*ØK[fapNyD; "mwfawmfudk apwDtjzpf wnfxm;udk;uG,fapcJhygw,f/ rax&fjrwf&JU "mwfawmfawGudk apwDwnfNyD;wJhtcg &[ef; awmfawGu jrwfAk'¨udk avQmufxm;Muw,f/ bkef;awmfBuD;aomjrwfpGmbk&m; þ ylwd*w åwdó&[ef;[m tb,ft&yfrSm jzpfaeyg oenf;vdkY ar;avQmufawmh jrwfpmG bk&m; u ]]cspfom;&[ef;wdkY? ig\om;awmfjzpfwJh ylwd *wåwdó&[ef;onf y&dedAÁmefjyKoGm;NyDvdkY}} ajzMum;awmfrlw,f/ wpfzef &[ef;awmfawGu ]]bke;f awmf BuD;aomjrwfpGmbk&m; ,ckvdk &[EÅm jzpfrJh Oyed ó ,taqmuf t OD ; eJ Y j ynh f p H k w J h yg&rD "mwfcHawGygoljzpfygvsufeJY tb,ftaMumif; aMumihf cE¨mudk,fwpfckvHk; temawGjzpfNyD; t½d;k awGut JG ufjyif;xefpmG cHpm;&ygovJbk&m; vkdY}} avQmufwJhtcg bk&m;&Sifu vdk&if;udkcsKyf NyD; ajzMum;awmfrlygw,f/ cspfom;&[ef;wdkY

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awGeYJ tjcm;qGr;f cJ zG,af bmZOfawGukd vSL'gef; qyfuyfygw,f/ qufuyfwJhae&mrSmvnf; Munf n d K vG e f ; wJ h pd w f a wG wzG m ;zG m ;jzpf N yD ; ½dk½daoaoav;av; pm;pm; qufvufvSL'gef; w,f/ apwem o'¨g w&m;xufoefpGmvSL'gef; NyD;onhfaemuf rax&fjrwfxHrSm qkawmif; ygw,f/ (bkef;awmfocif t&Sifjrwfbk&m; rsm;pGmaomiSufowå0gawGudk owfjzwfNyD; toufarG;&wJw h ynfah wmfonf jrwfE;kd apwem o'¨gw&m;wdk;yGm;orI jyKpktyfaom aumif;rI uHaMumihf t&Sijf rwfwYkd rsufarSmuf jyKtyfodjrif tyfaom w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfawGukd odjrifEikd f oljzpf&ygvd\ k ) vdYk qkawmif;cJw h ,f/ 'Dtcsed rf mS &[EÅmrax&fjrwfuvnf; ('g,um oifawmif; tyfaom qkjrwftwdkif; rcRwfuHkvHk jynhfpHkap) vd k Y qk a y;NyD ; aemuf tvd k & S d & mt&yf o d k Y <uoGm;avonf/ ,ckvkd ylw*d wå wdórax&f jrwf\ twd w f t aMumif ; awG u d k a [mMum;awmf rlNyD;aemufrSm jrwfAk'¨u cspfom;&[ef;wdkY ylw*d wåwó d rax&f ,ckvkd cE¨mud, k w f pfcv k ;Hk rSm a&m*gawGuyfa&mufNyD; t½dk;awGuGJtuf usdK;yJhukefonftxdjzpfcJh&jcif;onf iSufrkqdk; b0u iSufawGudk owfjzwfcJhjcif;? iSufawG &JUtawmifawGudk ajcaxmufawG csdK;zJhcJhjcif; qdw k hJ tukov kd u f aH Mumihjf zpfw,f/ aemufwpfcg &[EÅ m t&S i f j rwf w pf y g;ud k o'¨ g Munf j zL qGrf;vSLcJhwJhukodkvfuHaMumihf t&[wår*f? t&[wåzkdvfudk &&Sdjcif;jzpfw,fvdkY uHESpfrsdK;&JU tusdK;ay;o½kyfudk azmfxkwfa[mMum;awmfrl cJhonf/ 'Dae&mrSm uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;&Sif ud, k af wmfjrwf cGjJ cm;ay;awmfrv l u dk w f hJ uHEpS rf sKd ; &JU tusKd ;ay;udk txl;owdjyKqifjcif&vdrrfh nf/ tb,fah Mumifq h akd omf ylw*d wåwó d rax&fBu;D onf twdwfb0u oljyKcJhwJh raumif;rI tukodv k u f aH wGaMumifh &[EÅmyifjzpfvihu f pm; tukodkvfuH\ tusdK;ay;rIudk cHpm;oGm&yHkrSm tvGefyifaMumufp&maumif;vSonf/ odkYygí uREfkyfwdkYonf raumif;rIrsm;udk tenf;i,frSp í a&SmifMuOfí aumif;rIrsm;udk wdk;onfxuf wdk;um edAÁmefwdkifatmif tm;xkwfoihfvSay awmhonf/ ukd,f? EIwf? pdwfxihf a'gojzihf jyKusihfqif;&J uif;ygap/ usrf ; ud k ; t*¾ r [my@d w ? yef ; aiG ½ H k q &mawmf \ a'oemyef ; cif ; ('k w d , wG J ) ynmEG , f - {&majr ("Ek j zL)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/

11

arwåmw&m;ESihf,SOfum opömw&m;eJYaeyg tyÜ r m'Mobmo-oxk H

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12

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13

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SPECIAL COVER FETURE

14

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ysuf p D ;wwfaomoabmw&m;onf ]]rysuf p D ; ygapvih f } } [lí? þavmuü rnforl Qawmihw f í r&aumif;aomt&mjzpfayonf/ td k w wf a omoabmud k yk x k Z Of w d k Y r qif j cif E d k i f y H k &[ef;wdkY? tMum;tjrifr&Sdaom ykxkZOftm; tdkwwfaom oabmw&m;onf tdkcJh\/ tdkwwfaomoabmw&m; tkdonf&Sdaomf? xdkykxkZOfonf þuJhodkYrqifjcifEdkif/ ]]tdkwwfaomoabmw&m;onf igwpfa,mufwnf;udkom tdkonfr[kwf/ pifppfrlum; þbHkb0odkYvmjcif;? wpfyg;aombHkb0odkY oGm;jcif;? pkawjcif;? y#doaE¨aejcif;&So d nhf owå0g[lorQtm;vH;k wdt Yk m;? tdkwwfaomoabmw&m;onf tdk\/ tkdwwfaom oabmw&m;onf tdo k nf&adS omf igonfomylaqG;cJrh ?I yifyef;cJrh ?I idak <u;cJrh ?I &ifywfpnfw;D jrnfwrf;cJhrI? awGa0rdef;armjcif;odkYa&mufcJhrI igonf xrif;vnf; rpm; vdk&m? cE¨mudk,fonfvnf; tqif;rvSjcif;odkY a&mufav&m\/ tvkyf tudkifwdkYvnf; rjzpfEdkifukef&m? &efolwdkYvnf; 0rf;ajrmufukef&m\/ rdwfaqGwdkY 0rf;enf;ukefMu&m\}} [k ykxkZOfwdkY rqifjcifEdkifay/ td k w wf a omaMumih f ? yk x k Z Of w d k Y yl a qG ; id k a <u;wwf M uyH k tdw k wfaomoabmw&m;onf tdo k nf&adS omf xdyk x k Zk Ofonf ylaqG;\/ idak <u;\/ yifyrf;\/ &ifywfpnfw;D idjk rnfwrf;\/ awGa0jcif; odkYa&muf\/ rd r d u d k , f u d k yl y ef a pwwf o l r sm; &[ef;wdYk tMum;tjrifenf;yg;aom þykxZk Ofy*k Kd¾ vu f kd tqdyf &Sdaom aomuajimifhpl;0ifonfjzpfí? rdrdudk,fudkyifvQif ylyefapwwf ol[lí qdktyf\/ emwwf ? aowwf ? uk e f w wf ? ysuf w wf a omoabmrsm; &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsdK;um;? tMum;tjrifr&Sdaom? ykxkZOf tm;? emwwfaomoabmw&m;onf emcJh\/ aowwfaomoabm w&m;onf aocJ h \ / uk e f w wf a omoabmw&m;onf uk e f c J h \ / ysufwwfaomoabmw&m;onf ysufcJh\/ ,if;odkYjzpfysufcJhonf&Sd aomf xdkykxkZOfonf þodkYrqifjcifEdkif/ ]]emwwfaomoabmw&m;? aowwfaomoabmw&m;? uk e f w wf a omoabmw&m;? ysuf w wf a omoabmw&m;wd k Y o nf ighwpfa,mufwnf;udkom em? ao? ukef? ysufonfr[kwf/ pifppfrlum; þbHkb0odkYvmjcif;? wpfyg;aombkHkb0odkYoGm;jcif;? pkawjcif;? y#doaE¨ aejcif;&Sdonhf owå0g[lorQtm;vHk;wdkYtm; emjcif;? aojcif;? ukefjcif;? ysupf ;D jcif;wdo Yk nfjzpfMu\/ ,if;odjYk zpfysuo f nf&adS omf igonfomvQi?f ylaqG;cJh&? yifyef;cJh&? idka<u;cJh&? &ifywfpnfwD;jrnfwrf;cJh&? awGa0 rdef;armjcif;odkYa&mufcJh&/ igonf xrif;vnf;rpm;vdkí cE¨mudk,fvnf; tqif;rvSjcif;odkYa&mufwwf&m\/ tvkyftudkifwdkYvnf; rjzpfEdkifukef &m? &efolwdkY 0rf;ajrmufí rdwfaqGwdkY 0rf;enf;Muukef&m\..}} [lí rqifjcifEdkifay/ tMum;tjrif & S d a om t&d , mwd k Y q if j cif y H k &[ef;wdkY tMum;tjrif&Sdaom t&d,mjzpfaom wynhftm; tdkwwfaomoabmw&m;onf tdkcJhrl? tdkwwfaom oabmw&m; tdkonf&Sdaomf xdkt&d,mwynhfonf þodkYqifjcifav\/ ]]tdkwwfaomoabmw&m;onf igwpfa,mufwnf;udkom r[kw/f pifppfru l m; þbHb k 0odv Yk mjcif;? wpfyg;aombHb k 0odo Yk mG ;jcif;? pkawjcif;? y#doaE¨aejcif;&Sdonhf owå0g[lorQtm;vHk;wdkYtm; tdkwwf

aom oabmw&m;onf td k \ / td k w wf a omoabmw&m;onf tdo k nf&adS omf igonfomvQif ylaqG;cJ?h yifyrf;cJ?h idak <u;cJ?h &ifywfpnfw;D jrnfwrf;cJ?h awGa0rde;f armcJ&h \/ igonf xrif;yifrpm;vd&k m? cE¨mud, k f onfvnf; tqif;rvSjcif;odkY a&mufcJh&\/ tvkyftudkifwdkYvnf; rjzpf Edik u f ek &f m? &efow l u Ykd 0rf;ajrmufí rdwaf qGwu Ykd 0rf;enf;uke&f m\..}} [k qifjcif\/ t&d , myk * ¾ d K vf w d k Y t zd k Y yl a qG i d k a <u; yif y ef ; jcif ; od k Y r a&muf tdkwwfaomoabmw&m;aMumihf tdkonf&Sdaomf xdkt&d,m wynho f nf rylaqG;? ryifyef;? ridak <u;? &ifywfpnfw;D rjrnfwrf;? awGa0 jcif;odkYra&mufay/ &[ef;wdkY tMum;tjrif&Sdaom þt&d,mwynhfudk tqdyf&Sd aom aomuajimihfudk xkwfEkwfvkdufol[kqdktyf\/ ,if;ajimihfpl;0if aom tMum;tjrifenf;yg;aom ykxZk Ofonf rdru d , kd u f ykd ifvQif ylavmif ap\/ aomuajimihrf pl;0ifaom t&d,mwynho f nf rdru d , kd u f ykd ifvQif Nidrf;at;ap\/ &[ef;wdkY aemufwpfrsdK;um; tMum;tjrif&Sdaom t&d,m wynhftm;? emwwfaomoabmw&m;onf emcJh\/ aowwfaom oabmw&m;onf aocJ\ h / ukew f wfaomoabmw&m;onf ukecf \ hJ / ysufwwfaomoabmw&m;onf ysufcJh\/ þodkY em? ao? ukef? ysuf onf&Sdaomf xdkt&d,mwynhfonf þodkYqifjcifEdkif\/ ]]ysuw f wfaomoabmw&m;onf igwpfa,mufwnf;udo k m ysufonfr[kwf/ pifppfrlum; þbHkb0odkYvmjcif;? wpfyg;aombkHb0 odkYoGm;jcif;? pkawjcif;? y#doaE¨aejcif;&Sdonhf? owå0g[lorQtm;vHk;wdkY tm; ysuw f wfaomoabmw&m;onf ysu\ f / ysuo f nf&adS omf igonf omvQif ylaqG;cJh? yifyef;cJh? idka<u;cJh? &ifywfpnfwD; jrnfwrf;cJh? awGa0rde;f armcJ&h m\/ igonf xrif;yifrpm;vd&k m? cE¨mud, k o f nfvnf; tqif;rvSjcif;odkY a&mufcJh&\/ tvkyftudkifwdkYvnf; rjzpf Edkifukef&m? &efolwdkYu 0rf;ajrmufí rdwfaqGwdkYu 0rf;enf;ukef&m\..}} [k qifjcif\/ aomuajimih f u d k y ,f E I w f E d k i f o l ysufwwfaomoabmw&m;ysufpD;onf&Sdaomf xdkt&d,m wynho f nf rylaqG;? ryifyef;? ridak <u;? &ifywfpnfw;D rjrnfwrf;? awGa0 jcif;odkYra&muf/ &[ef;wdkY tMum;tjrif&Sdaom þt&d,mwynhfudk tqdyf&Sd aom aomuajimihfudk xkwfEkwfaomol[lí qdktyf\/ rd r d u d k , f u d k yl a vmif a pwwf o l E S i f h Nid r f ; at;apwwf o l ,if;aomuajimihfpl;0ifaom tMum;tjrifenf;yg;aom ykxZk Ofonf rdru d , kd u f ykd ifvQif ylavmifap\/ aomuajimihrf pl;0ifaom t&d,mwynhfonf rdrdudk,fudkyifvQif Nidrf;at;ap\/ &[ef;wdkY orPjzpfap? jA[®Pjzpfap? ewfjzpfap? rm&fewf jzpfap? þurÇmavmuü awmihfwír&aumif;aomt&mwdkYonf þig;rsKd ;wdyYk ifwnf;[k jrwfpmG bk&m;onf &[ef;wdt Yk m; rdeq Yf akd [mMum; awmfrlygonf/ yl a qG ; id k a <u;jcif ; r&S d onf ; cH & maomtjzpf þavmuü ylaqG;jcif;? idka<u;jcif;jzihf tusdK;tenf;i,frQ vnf; pifppfr&Edik /f ylaqG;qif;&Jaom xdo k u l kd &efow l o Ykd í d 0rf;ajrmuf ukef\/ pmrsuf E S m 15 ok d Y

THOUGH ABOUT THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ pmrsuf E S m 11 rS jrwfwpfcktjzpf jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif vrf;ñTefjy awmfrlxm;wmyg/ 14/ wG , f w mruf a rmjcif ; r&S d o l v nf ; jzpf & rnf (uk a vok t emEk * d ' ¨ ) aemufq;kH jzpfwhJ q,fah v;yg;ajrmuf jznhu f six fh m;&r,hw f &m;uawmh ukavoG eEk *da'¨g ygyJ/ ukavok? tdrfoltdrfom; vltrsm; wdüYk ? teEk*ad '¨gp? wG,w f mwyfrufveG ;f jcif; r&Sd olvnf;/ tó? jzpf&m\vdkY rSmMum;xm;awmf rlwmyg/ 'Dae&mrSm tdro f t l rd o f m;qdw k t hJ csuf eJY vltrsm;qdw k t hJ csuu f kd ESpyf ikd ;f cGNJ y;D zGijhf yvdyk g w,f/ tdro f t l rd o f m;qdak wmh rdom;pktwGi;f oHa,mZOfwG,fwmyHkeJY &nfñTef;xkwfaqmifjy xm;wmyg/ rdbeJo Y m;orD;wdt Yk Mum;? ZeD;eJcY ifyeG ;f wdkYtMum;? aqGrsdK;ÓwumwdkYeJYywfoufNyD; cspfcifwG,fwmvGef;olawGudk &nf&G,fxm;wm ygyJ/ rdbESpfyg;u om;ç orD;awGtay: arwåm? u½kPm? rk'w d m? Oayu©mvdq Yk w kd hJ jA[®m 0d[m&w&m;eJYtnD cspfcifapmifha&Smufjcif;? jyKpk , k , jcif ; qd k w J h w G , f w mrI o H a ,mZOf ? om;orD;rsm;uvnf; aus;Zl;BuD;rm;rdbESpfyg; tay:rSm rScD t kd m;xm;ud;k uG,&f mtjzpfeYJ cspcf if wG,fwmrIoHa,mZOfwdkY[m &SdoihfjzpfoihfwJh ,Ofaus;jrwfE;kd zG,&f m jrefrmh"avhx;kH pHwpfcyk g/ 'Dvrkd o d m;pktwGi;f cifrifw, G w f mvGe;f jcif;[m vlraI &;t&? rdom;pkta&;t& rSeu f efwt hJ wGuf tjypfjrifp&mr&Sdygbl;/ 'gayr,hfvdkY rdrdtusdK;pD;yGm;eJY,SOfpyf vmwJh vlraI &;? ynma&;? pD;yGm;a&;? bmoma&; pwJh ta&;udpörsm;aMumifh wpf&yfwpfaus; wpfNrKd U wpfEikd if ?H rdom;pkeaYJ 0;uGmwJh t&yfXme wpfckckudk oGm;cGifhay:aygufvmwJhtcgrsdK;rSm rdbudkrcGJEdkifvdkY? rdom;pkaqGrsdK;rsm;eJYcGJcGmNyD; ta0;rSmraeEdkifvdkYqdkwJhtaMumif;jycsufawGeJY &&SdvmwJhtcGifhta&;aumif;awGudk vufvTwf

vku d rf ,fvYkd qH;k jzwfwwfoal wG &Sad ewwfMuyg w,f/ 'Dvv kd rl sKd ;awG[m rdrb d 0&yfwnfEikd af &; qdkwJh taxmuftyHhaumif;awG? tcGifhta&; awG? tusdK;pD;yGm;awGudk vufwurf;tvdkrSm vufvTwfqHk;½IH;oGm;&wmeJYtwlwlvdkygyJ/ w&m;"r®bufrmS qd&k ifvnf; 'Dvykd gyJ/ ur®|mef;&dyo f mawGrmS olwpfyg;tqG,af umif; vdkYjzpfap? rdrdoabmqE´t&jzpfap? twif; tMuyfwu kd w f eG ;f cH&vdjYk zpfap taMumif;wpfyg; yg;aMumihf (7) &uf? (10) &uf? wpfvponf tm;jzihf txkyftydk;av;ydkufNyD; &dyfom0if w&m;tm;xkwfMuolawG awGUjrifzl;ygw,f/ 'D v d k t csd e f y d k i f ; &uf w d k w d k u av; owfrSwfNyD; udk,hfaemufygr,hfukodkvfa&;awG aqmif&u G cf iG Bhf uKH ae&csed rf mS yif pdwaf t;csr;f om pGmjzihf pdwu f akd jzmihaf jzmihx f m;Ny;D bm0emtvkyf rSm pdwfra&mufEdkifolawG cPcPawGUzl;Mum; zl;ygw,f/ tdrfudk pdwfrcsEdkifoluwpfrsdK;? om;ç orD;ç rdom;pkudk pdwfrcsbl;vdkYqdkoluwpfrsdK;? vkyif ef;wm0efawGtay: aemufqw H if;aeolu wpf z H k e J Y jyvd k Y r uk e f E d k i f w J h q if a jcrsd K ;pH k j zih f wG,w f mrIoaH ,mZOfBuKd ;awG wkyaf ESmifxm;Mu awmh w&m;tvkyfrSm c&D;a&mufzdkYtomxm;? pdw&f UJ wnfMunfrI cPduorm"duav;awmif rcHpm;&yJ tcsdefukefcJholu rsm;aewwfMuyg w,f/ y"metaeeJY &nf&G,fwJh&[ef;awmf rsm;twG u f q d k & if v nf ; rd r d w d k Y t ouf a rG ; &yfwnfrt I wGuf rScD q kd ufpyfç ywfoufaeMu& wJ?h aeYpOfqufqaH eMu&wJh ypön;f av;yg;tvSL &Sif tdro f ?l tdro f m;? 'um? 'umr trsm;tay: rSm cifrifw, G w f mvGe;f olawGrjzpf&avatmif vltrsm;qkdwJhtcsufeJYjyqdkxm;ygw,f/ tcsKd Uuvnf; omrefro d m;pkoabm eJY cifrifwG,fwmrsdK;&Sdovdk? tcsdKUuvnf; ypö n f ; vmbf v mbqd k w J h tarQmf p d w f u l ; eJ Y ta&mw0ifqufqHaewwfolawGvnf; &Sdae wwfMuvdyYk gyJ/ xdyk *k Kd¾ vrf sKd ;[m rdrcd ifrif&if;ES;D

15

wJh 'umç 'umrawG pdwq f if;&Jp&mBuKH &ifvnf; udk,fwdkifvkdufqif;&J? aysmf&TifMunfEl;p&mudpö awG ay:vmjyef&ifvnf; ud, k yf gvdu k cf pH m;wwf Muygw,f/ ypönf;vmbfvmbqdkwJharQmfudk;rI? udk,hftay:ydkrdkcifrifMunfndKzdkY pwJhtvdkqdk;eJY qufqHa&m0ifoal wGuawmh vlraI &;? pD;yGm;a&;? ynma&;? use;f rma&;udpaö wGygrusef 0ifa&muf pGuzf ufraI wG jyKrw d wfMuygw,f/ 'Dvekd YJ wpfp wpf udk,fwdkifvlYta&;udpöawGrSm aMumifhMu pdkufxkwftusdK;aqmifay;rIawG qufwdkufjzpf ay:vmwwfygw,f/ 'Dtcg rdrdwdkY&JU y"metvkyfjzpfwJh y&d,wfç y#dywftm;xkwrf t I ydik ;f rSm avsmeh nf; usqif ; &jcif ; qd k w J h raumif ; usd K ;awG o m jzpfay:vmrSmomjzpfygw,f/ usihf0wfqdkif&m 0denf;a'oemawmft&vnf; tjypfruif;wwf wmawG jzpfvmwwfygw,f/ 'DoabmawGaMumihf jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sif u ]tMuif&[ef;onf vl'umç 'umrrsm;xHoYkd csO;f uyf qufqo H nht f cg vlwüYkd rNiu d yfrwG,f wmyJ ]]ypön;f vdo k rl sm;vnf; &Muygap? aumif;rI ukodkvfvdkvm;olrsm;vnf; 'ge? oDvpaom aumif;rIrsm; jyKEikd u f siEfh ikd Mf uygap}} vdYk oabm xm;NyD; ESvHk;oGif;oifhaMumif;eJY rdrdonf qGrf; tp&Sdonhf tvSLcH&&Sdovdk trsm;oligvnf; &&SdMuygapvdkY ESvHk;oGif;csOf;uyfoihfaMumif;? t&Sifr[muóyrax&fjrwfonf xdkuJhokdY ESv;kH oGi;f vsuf vl'umç 'umrrsm;xH csO;f uyf aMumif;? t&Sifr[muóyrax&fuJhokdY jyKrl usiBfh uo H ihaf Mumif; ed'ge0*¾? uóyoH,w k rf mS vnf; a[mMum;qHk;rawmfrlxm;ygao;w,f/ 'ghaMumifh rdrw d &Ykd UJ y"mew&m;tvkyf awG ysufjy,fapNyD; ypönf;vmbfvmbtwGuf aMumih f M upd k u f a eMuol r sd K ;rjzpf & avatmif wG,fwmwyfrufvGef;olrjzpfa&; BudKwifusihf aqmifoihfaMumif; qHk;rawmfrlxm;wmygyJ/ ñT e f ; =ed ' ge0*¾ o H , k w f (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / )

pmrsuf E S m 14 rS tMuiftcgüum;? taMumif;udk qHk;jzwfjcif;üodaomynm&Sd igaomfvnf;aumif;? wjcm;olaomfvnf;aumif;? rtdkjcif; onf ab;&efwdkYaMumifh rwkefvIyf/ xdktcgü &efolwdkYonf xdkynm&Sd paom xdktusdK;udk r&tyf[k tu,fíodcJhygrl? igonf 0#füwnfae yk*¾dKvf\ razmufjyefaomrsufESmudk awGUjrif&í qif;&JMuukef\/ aomuHudk NrJNrHpGmtm;xkwftyfNyD/ ,cktcgü tb,fodkYvQif jyKawmhtHh *kPfaus;Zl;udk csD;rGrf;ojzihfjzpfap? wefcdk;&SdaomrEÅmefudk enf;[k qifjcifí? ylaqG;idka<u;jcif;r&SdyJ onf;cH&mownf;/ &GwftHo&ZÑm,fojzihfjzpfap? aumif;rGefaompum;udkajymqdkíjzpfap?

Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; wHpdk;vufaqmifay;ojzihfjzpfap? rsdK;½dk;pOfqufudkjyojzihfjzpfap? tusdK; &EdkiforQt&mü tm;xkwf&m\/

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

16

"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

pmrsuf E S m 13 rS yk * ¾ d K vf qd k ; usKd ; aumif ; usKd ; 1/ wd&pämef b0aygif;wpf&m b0aygif;wpf&m 2/ 'kóDvyk*¾dKvf b0aygif ; wpf & m b0 aygif; wpf&m 3/ oDv0EÅyk*¾dKvf b0aygif;wpfodef; b0 aygif; wpfodef; 4/ psmef&yk*¾dKvf b0aygif;uka# wpfodef; b0aygif; uka#wpfodef; 5/ aomwmywdrå *fy*k Kd¾ vf b0aygif;toacs, F s b0aygif;toacsF,s 6/ aomwmywdåzdkvfyk*¾dKvf b0aygif;toacsF ,s b0aygif;toacsF,s 7/ ou'g*grdr*fyk*¾dKvf txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd 8/ ou'g*grdzdkvfyk*¾dKvf txl;qdkzG,f&m r&Sd txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd 9/ tem*grdr*fyk*¾dKvf txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd txl; qdkzG,f&mr&Sd 10/ tem*grdzdkvfyk*¾dKvf txl;qdkzG,f&m r&Sd txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd 11/ t&[wår*fyk*¾dKvf txl;qdkzG,f&m r&Sd txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd 12/ t&[wåzdkvfyk*¾dKvf txl;qdkzG,f&m r&Sd txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd 13/ yapöuAk'¨g txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd 14/ bk&m;&Sif txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd txl;qdkzG,f&mr&Sd þuJo h Ykd wefjyefoufa&mufrI qd;k usK;d udk cHpm;&jcif;onf rdrdjypfrSm;rdonfh yk*¾dKvf\ *kPaf us;Zl;ESiu hf o H ;kH yg;tedrt fh jriht f m;avsmpf mG cH p m; &jcif ; yif j zpf o nf / om"utm;jzih f uóy jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; EIwf(0pDuH)jzihf jypfrmS ;rd onfh v,form;Nyw d må ? "mwfawmfwu Ykd kd uJ h & J U jypf w if p um;qd k c J h o nf h &mZN*d K [f olaX;0w¬Kudk axmufqí odtyfvSonf/ v,form;onf uóybk&m;&Sif tm; 0pDuHjzihf jypfrSm;cJhonfrSm tcsdeftm;jzihf puúeyYf ikd ;f rQom&Sad omfvnf; aus;Zl;Bu;D rm; onfh jrwfbk&m;jzpfaomaMumihf bk&m;wpfqlESihf

vdIifMunfjzL"r®0D&pmaywkdufESifh'D*spfw,fpmMunfhwkdufrS jzefYcsdxkwfa0vkdufNyD 1/ "r®0D&\ "r®oHpOfrsm;

(Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf wuúodkvfoQifoD&d)

2/ jzwfoef;csdefed'gef;ESihf yxrydkif; (Nidrf;csrf;OD;) ('kwd,tBudrf) 3/ urÇmhvlom;rsm;ukd;uG,f&m bmomBuD;rsm;ESifh 0g't,ltqrsm; (wuúodkvfoQifoD&d) 4/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpkrsm; (Nidrf;csrf;OD;) 5/ q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ aumufEkwfcsufpmpk ("r®y') (Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESifh pkd;jrifhvwf) 6/ oEÅdokcokdY avScg;ckepfoG,f

(wuúokdvfoQifoD&d)

7/ Ak'¨,Ofaus;rI&wem

t&S i f o D v mpm&(zm;uef Y )

8/ olawmfaumif;wkdYtvSLay;enf;

t&SifoDvmpm&(zm;uefY)

9/ a*gyuESifh Ak'¨b@mawmf 10/ edAÁmefwufvrf;

(wuúodkvfoQifoD&d) (ref;wuúokdvfatmifjrifh0if;)

11/ jyifytdyfrufwpfck

rkd;[def;(om;*sme,fausmf)

12/ orda'¨g',q&mBuD; a':rmvm&D

wpfqlMum;Ak'¨EÅ& toacsF,s uyfwpfuyfvHk; (odkY)oD[dkVfacwfa&mufonfhwdkif Nydwåmb0ESihf yifyef;BuD;pGm v,fxGefaecJh&&Smonf/ "mwfawmfwdkYudk uJh&JUjyifwifqJa&; cJhonfh &mZN*dK[folaX;BuD;onfvnf; Nydwåm b00,f yg;pyfxJü ydk;avmuftjynhf&Sdonfh tjyif "m;ESihf cE¨mudk,fudk tcGJcH&NyD; qm;ief a&ESihf tavmif;cH&í yifyef;BuD;pGm cHpm;cJh& onf/ þonfwdkYudk axmufqí rdrd0pDuHjzihf jypfrSm;rdonfrSm cPwmrQ jzpfaomfvnf; jypfrSm;rdonfh yk*¾dKvf\ *kPfaus;Zl;udk vdkufí wefjyefoufa&mufrI qdk;usKd;ukd tqaygif;rsm; pGm cHpm;&aMumif; od&í qifjcifoihfvSygay pG/

(t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho)

,cktcg txufwGif wifjycJhNyD; onfh cifyGef;BuD;q,fyg;wdkYudk rmwdum tpOf twdkif; qufí wifjyygOD;rnf/ ,aeYvli,f av;rsm;onf rsm;aomtm;jzihf cifyGef;BuD; q,fyg;wdkYudk twdtus ra&wGufEdkifMuol uom rsm;vSonf/ cifyGef;BuD;q,fyg;udkrS twdtusrodMuao;vQif xdck ifyeG ;f Bu;D q,fyg; taMumif;odzdkY qdkonfum; ydkí tvSrf;a0;vS \/ rodvQif rnfodkYrQ owdxm;í qifjcifEkdif rnfr[kwfay/ odrSomvQif rjypfrSm;rdatmif qifjcifEkdifrnfjzpfonfhtwGuf wpfyg;jcif;qD wifjyvdkuf&ygonf/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) ñT e f ; - Zmwf e d y gwf a wmf

VISION OF THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/

17

tcsD;ajr§mufcH? ylaZmfcH? {uefjzpf&onf/ aemuf a usmzk H ; rS *gxm(3) (7) t*¾ d , xm yZÆ v wd ? a'0wm0 0d a &mpwd (u) olcdk;ol0Suf? "m;jywGuf? ESdyfpufuif;vGwfonf/ od&d,m tZ[dawm a[mwd? a,mrdwåmeH e'kAÇwd/ (c) pdk;&rif;rsm;? awGUqHkjim;? av;pm;qufqHonf/ taqGcifyGef;tm; jypfrSm;jcif;rjyK aus;Zl;wifqyf ylaZmfwwf (*) &efol[lorQ? vTrf;rdk;&? okcNidrf;at;onf/ aom olonf rD;onfxGef;vif;awmufajymifouJhodkYvnf;aumif;? ewf rif;onf wifhw,fbdouJhodkYvnf;aumif; xGef;vif;awmufajymif (4) *gxm(u) a'gor,SOf? pdwfaysmf&Tif? tdrf0ifcsrf;omrnf/ usufoa&udk tNrJaqmifav\/ (c) csD;rGrf;oH<u,f? vlYbHkv,f? wihfw,fESpfoufrnf/ (*) aqGrsdK;pkxJ? tBuD;uJ? rvGJjzpf&onf/ ga0gwó yZm,EÅd? acwå 0kwåH 0d½l[wd (8) *ga0gwó (5) *gxm0kwåmeH zvroGmwd? a,mrdwåmeH e'kAÇwd/ (u) av;pm;? (c) ½dkao? (*) csD;rGrf;av? raoG&&Sdonf/ taqGcifyGef;tm; jypfrSm;jcif;rjyK aus;Zl;wifqyf ylaZmfwwf aom ol\ (u) arG;jrLxm;aomEGm;wdkYonf om;udkaygufzGm;ukef\/ (6) *gxm(u) tylaZmfcH? (c) uefawmhcH? (*) NcH&Haygrsm;onf/ (c) v,f,müpdkufysKdl;tyfaom rsKd;aphonf toD;jzpfxGef;wdk;yGm;\/ (*) (c) avmutwGif;? *kPfowif;? oif;ysHUvdIifawmhonf/ pdkufysKd;tyfaom v,f,mNcHwGif; opfyifwdkY\ oDF;ESHrsm;pGmudk oHk;aqmif (7) *gxm&&Sday\/ rD;odkYyrm? &Sdef&Sdefjzm?a&mif0gxGef;awmhonf/ (9) '&d a wm yAÁ w mawm0g? ½k u © a wm ywd a wmea&m vlYbHk&yf&Gm? ewfyrm? vGefpGmwifhw,fonf/ pkawm ywd|Hvbwd? a,mrdwåmeH e'kAÇwd/ xdkodkYtae? usufoa&? a0a0jzmawmhonf/ taqGcifyGef;udk jypfrSm;jcif;rjyK aus;Zl;wifqyfylaZmfwwf (8) *gxmaomolonf (u) acsmufurf;yg;rS usaomfvnf;aumif;? (c) awmifay: (u) arG;jrLxm;jim;? uRJESihfEGm;? om;yGm;jzpfxGef;onf/ rS usaomfvnf;aumif;? (*) opfyifxufrS usaomfvnf;aumif;? (C) (c) v,f,mpdkufysdK;? oD;yifrsdK;? NzdK;NzdK;a0awmhonf/ xdkxdktjrifponfwdkYrS avsmusaomfvnf;aumif; atmufodkYra&muf (*) pdkufysdK;orQ? toD;&? 00pm;&onf/ axmufwnf&mudk &&Sday\/ (9) *gxm(10) 0d ½ l V § r l v oEÅ m eH ? ed a j*m"rd 0 rmvk a um opfyifvQdKajrmif? awmifESihfurf;yg;? avsmusjim;vnf; trdwåmeyÜom[EÅd? a,mrdwåmeH e'kAÇwd/ wdrf;yg;rus? wnf&m&? 'ku©uif;vGwfonf/ taqGcifyeG ;f udk jypfrmS ;jcif;rjyK? aus;Zl;wifqyfyal Zmfwwfaom olonf jyif;xefaomavonf pnfyifaom ajratmuftjrpf? ajcaxmuf (10) *gxmtjrpfcdkifNzD;? opfyifBuD;udk? avBuD;wkdufzsuf? vGefcJcufodkY? tjrpf tpOf&adS om anmifajcaxmufyanmifyifukd rn§i;f qJEikd o f uJo h Ykd ES d y f p uf v d k v m;? &efolrsm;vnf;? xdyg;orI? n§Of;qJrI? rjyKEdkifawmhNyD/ &efolwdkY rESdyfpuf rn§if;qJEdkifukef/ aus;Zl ; wif q yf y l a Zmf w wf o l w d k Y &tyf a omtusd K ; rH k & G m ta&S U v,f w D w d k u f q&mawmf b k & m;BuD ; \ þonfwu Ykd m; tavmif;awmfawrd,rif;a[mMum;tyfaom r[mok w 'D y eD usrf ; vmaqmif y k ' f v uF m rd w f a qG a umif ; wd k Y t m; jypfrSm;jcif;rjyK aus;Zl;wifqyfylaZmfwwfaom rdwfaqGaumif;tm; rjypfrSm;? av;pm;ylaZmfonf/ olwdkY&tyfaom tusdK;rsm;udk azmfjyaom rdwåylZu zv'Dyem (10) tusdK;w&m;? xdkoltm;? trsm;jzpfxGef;rnf/ *gxmwdkYjzpfayonf/ (1) *gxm(Zm? yg? 'k? 150) (Zm? |? q|? 16) t&yfwpfyg;? a&muf&Sdjim;? tpm;jynhfpHkonf/ "r®0D&- oEÅmatmif rSDcdkolawG? xdkenf;ay? &avcsrf;omonf/ tjynf j ynf q d k i f & m ax&0g'Ak ' ¨ o moemjyKwuú o d k v f (2) *gxm&ef u kef/ aus;vufNrdKU&Gm? oGm;aomtcg? trsm;ylaZmfonf/ pmrsuf E S m 6 rS eJt Y usKd ;wdu Y k k d cGjJ cm;pdwjf zmwwfwyh J nmyJjzpfygw,f/ tJ'DynmrsdK;r&SdbJ olwpfyg;pnf;pdrf csrf;omudk remvdkwJh tbdZÑm? olrsm;csrf;omrI udk zsufvdkzsufqD;vkyfcsifwJh Asmyg'..pwJh raumif;rItukov kd w f &m;qd;k awGukd todÓPf eJY xdef;csKyfEdkifjcif;[m ynmygyJ/ (C) aumif;Ny/D awmihw f rIav;ckukd jynh0f apEdkifwJh w&m;av;yg;udk jznhfusihfygNyDwJh/ tJ'DvdkjznhfusihfwJh t&d,mom0ujzpfwJhyk*¾dKvf

[m &&S d v mwJ h O pö m ypö n f ; awG u d k a[m'D v d k &nf&G,fcsufav;rsdK;xm;&ygOD;r,fwJh/ 1/ rdrd&SmazG&&Sdxm;wJh pnf;pdrfOpöm awGeYJ rdrw d pfO;D wnf;roH;k pGrJ b l J rdb? om;r,m;? aqGrsKd ;? rdwaf qG? aus;uRerf sm;udyk g rQa0cHpm;jcif;/ 2/ a&? rD;? rif;? cdk;ol? rcspfrESpfouf ol? tarGcHom;qdk;? orD;qdk;wdkYaMumihf jzpfay: vmEdik w f hJ ab;&eftEÅ&m,frsm;udk umuG,w f m; qD;&ef/ 3/ &&SdwJhpnf;pdrfOpömawGeJY aqGrsdK;? {nhfonhf? uG,fvGefoGm;olrsm;? rif;pdk;&mZm?

ewfa'0wmrsm; (Avdig;yg;) wdkYtm; csD;ajr§muf ylaZmf&ef/ 4/ onf ; cH j cif ; ? arwå m xm;jcif ; ? udk,fusifhodu©maumif;rGefawmfrlMuwJh &[ef; oHCm? tvSLcHyk*¾dKvfrsm;tm; vSL'gef;jcif;wdkYyJ jzpfygw,f/ ]]aumif;rIjrwfEdk;? aumif;atmifBudK;í cyfodrf; jynhfpHkMuygap...}} earmor® m orÁ K '¨ ó rH k & G m aeZm ñT e f ; - "r® y '

DHAMMA DEW

18

"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

tarha<u;ausapzkdY Ak a '¨ g &o-t&S i f £ E´ m p&d , (aAm"d & d y f N id r f a wm&-arS m f b D ) tar&Sdaom owå0gwdkif;onf tarhaus;Zl; a<u;wifNrJom jzpfonf/ vlom;rsm;onf vlb Y 0 vlaY vmuodYk rarG;zGm;rD tarh0rf;wGif aepOfuyif tarhta<u;wifavNyD/ taronf tarhom;avmif;vsmav; 0rf;ydkfufwGif;odkY a&muf vmonfupí tpm;taomuf toGm;tvm taetxdkif qifjcif vQuf apmihfa&Smufae&avonf/ tarhom;av;[m udk,ft*FgjynhfpHk pGm jzpfay:a&;twGuf jrwfpGmbk&m;xHawmfyg;wGif yef;? a&csrf;? qGrf;? qDrD;ponf vSL'gef;í qkawmif;aeayNyD/ þodkYponfjzihf om;uav;[m jzLovm; rJovm;awmif rod&ao;rD tar\ arwåma&csrf; zsef;yufaeayNyD/ þonfwkdYonf yif tar\ arG;aus;Zl;? auR;aus;Zl;a<u;awGomjzpfayonf/ xdkYaMuihf vlwdkif; vlom;wdkif;rsm;onf tarh\ aus;Zl;a<u; rwifol[lí avmuwGif r&Sdygacs/ vlb Y 0&vmaomoifonf tarh0rf;u tajccsvmonfjzpfí tarha<u;&SdavouJhodkYyif Zmwdy#doaE¨jzpf&onfqdkonfu tao a<u;vnf;&SdaeayNyD/ b0wdkif; cE¨mcsnf;yJomjzpfaeívnf; b0wdkif; u ygvmaom oHo&mcE¨ma<u;&Sdvmjyefonf/ þa<u;rsm;onfvnf; owdr&Sdaom tarhw&m;aMumifhjzpf&aom tarha<u;rsm;jzpfavonf/ þtarha<u;wdkYonf tarhom;wdkY ray;qyfygvQif raus onfhtjyif t&if;rStwdk;? twdk;rStnGefY? tqifhqihfwufaernfjzpf onf/ a<u;rsm;tqihfqifhwufvmvQif a<u;xlolonf tb,frSm evH xlawmhrnfenf;? tb,frQ csrf;omygonf [kqdkygap a<u;rausvQif vlcsr;f omr[kw?f vlqif;&Jomjzpfyg\/ a<u;ESiw fh uG csr;f omjcif; onf tjypfruif;wwf a<u;uif;csr;f omrSom tjypfuif;jywf tvGejf rifjh rwf ayonf/ awG;<unhfawmh pufolaX;? wGufMunhfawmh pufr&SdrsKd;odkYom wnf;/ ,if;tarha<u;wd[ Yk m ray;qyfygvQif ausm½d;k r&S?d twd;k tnGeYf wdYk xyfxnho f nfjzpfaomfvnf; a<u;ay;qyfonft h cgwGif t&if;twd;k tnGefYtm;vHk;wdkYudk jyefvnfí tarhom;tm; ay;av\/ a<u;rqyf vQif rjzpfaomfvnf; qyfvQif tm;vHk;jyef&avonf/ tb,faMumihq f akd omf tarha<u; wpfaxmifusyaf y;qyfvQif wpfaxmifusyfbdk; udk,fhtwGuf ukodkvf&,lxm;vdkufjcif;aMumihfjzpf onf/ tarha<u; ay;qyfjcif;[lorQonf tm;vHk; um,uHukokdvf?

0pDuHukokdvf? raemuHukokdvfrsm;udk &,lvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ ray;qyf orQ r*Fvmw&m;ysufí tukodkvfrsm; jzpf&aomfvnf; ay;qyfvQif r*Fvmw&m;jzpfí ukokdvfrsm;omjzpfyg\/ rdbwdkYudk om;orD;rsm;u jyKpkvkyfauR;apmihfa&Smufay;jcif;? ajcqkyv f ufe,fjyKvyk af y;jcif;wdo Yk nf a<u;ay;qyfaeonfrnf\/ ,if; onfyif ukodkvfpdwfrsm;udk &aejcif;jzpf\/ udk,fwdkifusihfBuHyGm;rsm;í rdbwdkYtm; oDv orm"d ynm

wnfvmatmif rarhravsmhaom owdjzihf 0dyóem w&m;yGm;rsm; tm;xkwf&ef a[majymay;jcif;? wGef;tm;ay;jcif;? axmufyHhay;jcif;wdkY onf udk,fwdkifusihfí aus;Zl;qyfjcif;? a[majymí aus;Zl;qyfjcif;wkdY jzpfayonf/ ,if;aus;Zl;a<u; ay;qyfjcif;rsm;onfvnf; ukokdvfrsm; &aejcif;jzpfayonf/ arhrod&muvmaom tarhcE¨maK<u;udk rarhowdjzihf ay;qyf aejcif;onf ukokdvfrsm;omjzpfavonf/ xdkYaMumihf tarha<u;ausat;apzkdY ay;qyfjcif;rsm;onf - tarom;rsm;twGuf -ukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk jyKvkyf&,lvdkufjcif; - tarhom;rsm;twGuf -a<u;rqyfvQif jzpfrnfhtukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk y,fypfvkdufjcif;/ - tarhom;rsm;twGuf -a<u;qyfjcif;a<u;ausjcif;wdkYudk NyD;apjcif;/ - tarhom;rsm;twGuf -a<u;qyfojzihf csrf;omtrsKd;rsKd;udk &&SdcHpm; Ekdifjcif;/ - tarh om;rsm;ESihf rdbwdkYonf pdwftvfdkjynhfpHkjcif;/ þodkYpaom tusKd;w&m; trsKd;rsKd;udk &&SdcHpm;Mu&ayrnf/ tarha<u;qyfjcif;onf tarhom;twGuf &jcif;yifjzpfavonf/ earm wó b*0awm t&[awm orÁmorÁK'¨ó earmawAk'¨0d&w¬K/ tarh t d r f tarhtrd [ f o l nf (1) rdrdukdarG;xm;aom rdcif\ tarhtdrf (2) rdrdudk,fwdkif tarhyrm'w&m;aMumihf cHpm;&rnfh tarhtdrf þodkYvQif ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm; uGJjym;vmacsonf/ xdkESpfrsKd;wkdYwGifvnf; arG;xm;aom rdcif\ tarhtdrfonf (u) rdrdukd arG;xm;aom rdcif\ tarhcE¨mtdrfjzpfaom tarhtdrf/ (c) rdrdukdarG;xm;aom rdcifonf aexdkifaom yuwd tarhtdrf[lí ESpfrsKd;jzpf&onf/ xdw k iG f tar\ cE¨mtdro f nf twdwu f taravmif;\ tm½Hk rsm;ü arhavsmhpGm cHpm;jyif;csufjzifh tarhwPSmaMumihfvnf;aumi;f? tbd;k tzGm;wd\ Yk arharhBu;D aysmyf g;jcif;aMumihv f nf;aumif;? tarhuH pdw-f Owk- tm[m&rsm;aMumifhvnf;aumif;// tzG m ;\ taysmf j rL; arh r l ; vsuf arh a ecsd e f tzG m ;0rf ; ü twdwfu tarhtarmaxGa0aom tarhuHponfwdkYu tarhcE¨m? tarhtdrfudk pwifay:aygufvmcJh&avonf/ taronfvnf; tarwdkY aygif;pHk&m tcgu píjzpfcJhaom arG;tar\ cE¨m tarhtdrfuav; omwnf;/ taronfvnf; tm½HktawGU tm½HktaiGUwdkYudk tarhBuD;arh vsuf BuD;ajrmufvm&NyD; tarhawGpHkvifvsuf tazESihf awGUqHkum aexdkifaom tdrfuav;onfvnf; tarhtdrfomwnf; (0g) rdrdarG;xm;

DHAMMA DEW "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ aom rdcifaexdkifaom tdrfuav;onfvnf; tarhtdrfomwnf;/ þtarhcE¨mtdrf[laom tarhtdrf? taraeaom tarhtdrf [lorQwdkYonf tarhom;rsm; oGm;vmaexdkifpm;aomufvsuf ae&m tarhtdrfrsm;omjzpfacsonf(0g) tarhom;wdkY aysmfarGU&m tarhom; wdkY tcsdefra&G; oGm;vm0ifxGufae&m tarhtdrf? tarhom;tdrfjzpfav onf/ avmuvlom;wdkY aexdkifMuaom tdrfrsm;onfvnf; ouú,f rdk;xm;aom tdrfudk ouú,frdk;tdrf? "edrdk;xm;aomtdfudk "edrdk;tdrf? ausmufjym;rdk;xm;aomtdrfudk ausmufjym;rdk;tdrf? oGyfrdk;xm;aom tdrf udk oGyfrdk;tdrfajymqdk ac:a0:MuouJhodkYyif tarhcE¨mtdrBf u;D onfvnf; udavomtjcif&e,f 'dik ;f jrm§ ;wdYk jzihf aqmufvkyfxm;NyD;vQif tarh (rod-t0dZÆm) w&m;jzihf rdk;umxm; avaomaMumihf tarhtdrf[lí ac:qdk&acsonf/ owå0grsm;onf rod&mrSpwifjzpfay:vmcJh&\/ wpfzef rod tm;BuD;ojzihf tarhBuD;arhum tm½HkcHpm;cJh&mrSp\/ xdkrodarhjzihfyif b0 oHo&musifvnfcJh&av\/ tprxifoHo&m cE¨mb0 teEÅyif ukefvGefcJh&avonf/ vlYb0onfvnf; arhrod&mrS pwifjzpfay:vm cJh&acs\/ wpfzefvljzpf&NyD; tarhrodtm;BuD;pGmjzihf tm½HkcHpm;&mrS pjyef\/ xdkarhrodjzihfyif vlYb0vnf;ae&\/ vlb0wGif tarhodBuD; jzihf vnfywfae&aomf tjcm;wd&pämefponf b0wdkYum; ajymp&m yifr&Sdawmhygacs/ þütarhonfvnf;aumif;? rodonfvnf;aumif;? arm[ t0dZÆmw&m;omwnf;/ twdwfumv\ b0vm&mvrf;\ OD;acgif; wnf;/ tarhtm;BuD;aeolum; tm½HkrSefudk rodarhaejcif;omwnf;/ trSm;udkawGU tpGJudkum; rarh? xdkrarhpGJrsm;? tqGJcH&avaomtcgwGif tarh udavom0#fa<u;? tarhur®0#fa<u;? tarh0dygu0#fa<u; ay;qyf& awmhrnf/ tarh0#fw&m;wdkYu rvGwfEkdifawmhygacs/ trSm;udkom tawGUay; rarha&;awG;aevsuf trSefudkawmh arhaq;oGif;? tvsif;yif todray;aom rodrIonf tarh&Sdoludkom arQmfvihfaewwf\/ (0g) trSefudkawmhrod? trSm;udkom odaeaom todrmS ;onf tarhBu;D vsuf trSm;odaeolukd arQmv f ihaf e\/ rarhwwf oludkyif tarhZmwfxJoGif;&eftNrJBudK;pm;aeonfom jzpfawmh\/ tarhorm;onf tarh&adS eoluo kd m arQmv f ifv h suf tarh&o dS l ESio fh m awGUqHv k \ kd / aygif;oif;vd\ k / tarhMum;udyk if 0ifv\ kd / tarwdYk Mum;wGif aysmf&Tif\/ tarhb0BuD;jzifh rodtrSm;BuD;rsm; zHk;vTrf;vsuf tm½HkrSefudk rodí trdkufb0jzihf wpfb0vHk; ed*Hk;csKyfcJh&avonf/ taronfum; raysmuf b0qufwdkif; tarhvdIif;u vdkufaeawmhonf/ tarhb0qufwikd ;f vdu k jf cif; cHae&aom tarhom;onfvnf; tarhorm;rsm; &SmaepOf rdbavmif;vsm ZeD;armifEw HS u Ykd vnf; tarhBu;D arhvsuf taysmBf u;D aysmaf eojzihf tarhtrd w f iG f tarhom;cifjrm 0ifem; vmacs&\/ tarh&ifcGif ajy;0ifcJh&avonf/ rdbwdkY\ tarhrsm;ESihf tarhom;\ tarhrsm; awGUqHkoGm;&í tarhom;onf tarhtdrfwGif aysm&f iT pf mG cdek m;&\/ tarhEiS fh tarhawGUqHak ygif;oif;vdu k &f jcif;jzpfonf/ taronf v nf ; tarh o m;uav; tarh c E¨ m jzpf a om tarhtrd w f iG f a&mufvmpOfupNy;D tarhom;uav;twGuf tm;wufae \/ tarhtdrfwGif;u tarhom;udk tarum;rarhawmhNyD/ tarum; rdrd twGufbmrQ *½krxm;/ arhrsm;xm;vdkuf\/ BudKufvSygonfh

19

tyltpyf ponfrsm;udkyif tarhom;twGuf arhí xm;vdkuf&\/ tarhom;ESihf xdkufwefavsmfuef avQmufywfaom tpm;tpmrsm;udk tarhom; twGuf tarrarhaomtm;jzihf pm;ay;aeyg\/ tarhom; twG u f oG m ;vmaexd k i f p onf h t rl t &mrsm;wG i f v nf ; tarh u m; arhxm;í r&jyKvkyfae&\/ taronfum; a,musfm;azmifpD; rdef;rrD;ae[laom avmu wG i f ajymqd k a eaom aozd k Y & ef tcsd e f r a&G ; wwf / wr[k w f j cif ; aowwfonf [laompum;udkvnf; tarum; ta&;rxm;awmhbJ om;twGufarhíxm;vdkufonf/ tarhom; touf&Sifa&;udkom tNrJ wef; a&SUwifvsuf rarhaomtm;jzihfxm;vdkufavonf/ taronf tarhom;twGuf toufESihfcE¨mjzpfav&m 'ku©trsKd;rsKd; acgif;xdk;í wZGwfxdk;cH&\/ tb,fuJhodkYaom 'ku©rsKd;rqdk tm;vHk;udk arhxm;vdkuf \/ tarrarhonfum; tarhom;csrf;oma&; usef;rma&;? vdrfrma&; ponfwo Ykd mwnf;/ xd'k u k r© sK;d pHak rhaysmufxm;jcif;rsm;onfum; tarhom; \ tarhaus;Zl;rsm;yifjzpfavonf/ tarh0rf;Mum;wdkufcef; tarhtdrfwGif tarhrsm;aMumifh cdkem; 0ifa&mufcJhaom tarhom;onfvnf; tarh0rf;vTmudk ausmcdkif;? tarh ausmudkrsufESmrl? 'l;ESpfckMum; OD;acgif;xm;vQuf ar;Mum;wGif vufoD; qkyfvsuf cyfukwfukwfjzihf arhaeavNyDjzpf\/ xdktrdtdrf Mumwdkufcef; rS emusifudkufcJpGmjzifh tjyifavmua&muf&vnf; e&ufajcmufxJus odkYyif vefYíidkvsuf vlYb0pcJh&avonf/ vlYb0udk tidkup&aom tarhom;uav;onf arhum;arhvsufomwnf;/ tarh&ifcGifwGif tarh o m; tarh t m;BuD ; aeívnf ; bmqd k b mrQ owd r &ygacs/ tarhum; c&D;quf? tarh'PfcsufaMumifh arhaysmufaeav\/ rD;wGi;f ae tarhom;uav;onf tarhem;wGif tES;D ydwt f Mum; ywfxm;&mrS arS;vsuf? rSdef;vsufuyufvufom; Nidrfae\/ xdkodkY yufvufom;Nidrf arS;aepOf ausmylvmojzihf olYcE¨mtylawGUxdonfudk olodvmojzihfvnf; tarhom;av; idkav\/ xdktcg taronf ausmylonfrsm; aysmif;vTJay;vdkuf&m rD;wGif;om; tarhom;crsm tarhtm; jyefvnfum arhNrJarh? NidrfNrJNidrf? arhNidrfNidrfoGm;&acsonf/ wpfzefrrd pd eG cYf svu kd af om usiBf u;D usiif ,frsm;\ xdyg;vmjcif; aMumifv h nf; xdu k av;ud, k t f a&;ud, k o f d idrk jd yefavonf /xdt k cg tar onfvnf; tarhom;av;tm; xdyg;vmaom xdktnpftaMu;rsm;udk y,f&Sm;okwfoifay;um xdktarhom;uav;udk odyfNrJodyfay;av&m tdyfNrJtdyf arhNrJarhvsuf udk,fhta&;rod&jyefNyD/ wpfzef qmavmifaom'Pf 0rf;rSmcHaeonfjzpfívnf; rD;wGi;f om; tarhom;uav;onf xdck E¨mtaMumif; aumif;pGmem;vnf oGm;ojzihf w0g;0g;wvGefYvGefY idkcsvdkufawmhonf/ xdktcg tarh crsmvnf; tdktdkatat EdkYcsKdwdkufauR;&if; yGwfoufa&TUajymif;NyD; odyfxm; vdkuf&m arhNrJtdyfNrJyifjzpfav\/ þodkYjzihf rD;wGif; tarhom;uav;onf tarh\ jyKpkauR;arG; apmihfa&Smufay;vsuf tarhjzihfyif t&G,fa&mufvmonftxdyif jzpfavonf/ xdktarhom;uav; ajy;EdkifvTm;Ekdif upm;EkdifaomtcgwGif um; trSm;udktrSefxifvmap\/ arm[tarhu tpm;xdk; 0ifa&muf vmavawmh\/ xif&mjrif&mt[kwfxif? arhvQufjzihf upm;cGif0ifí aysmfjrL;aeav\/ pmrsuf E S m 24 ok d Y

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THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI

20

"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? usrf;

aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq&

a&;om;jyKpkawm

r*¾*F'. Dy

THE MAGGANG OR THE MANUAL OF THE CONSTITU by

Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, Ag TRANSLATED into English by U (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) oDvu©E¨r*¾if oHk;yg;wdkYonf cH,laqmufwnfrdvQifyif xdyk *k Kd¾ vüf wnfuek \ f ? xdyk *k Kd¾ vo f nf xdck PrSpí rusL;vGeo f rQ umv ywfvHk; oDv0dok'd¨ESihf jynfhpHkaomol rnf\/ cH,laqmufwnfaom aeYüyifvQif orm"duE© r¨ *¾it f vkyu f kd tm;xkwx f u kd \ f ? orm"duE© ¨ r*¾if oHk;yg;wdkYonfvnf; vHkYv 0D&d, aumif;vSaom olwdkYrSm 5 &uf? 10 &ufrQESihfyif pdwf½l;pdwfaemufaysmufí xGufouf0ifouf tm½Hkü pdwf\ wnfMunfjcif;odkY a&mufMuukefojzihf 5 &uf? 10 &ufyif xdkyk*¾dKvfü wnfukef\/ xdkyk*¾dKvfonf xdktcgrSpí pdwå0dok'd¨pdwfESihf jynhfpHkaom olrnf\/ xdktcgrSpíyifvQif ynmu©E¨r*¾iftvkyfudk tm;xkwfxdkuf\/ ynmu©E¨r*¾if 2 yg; xlaxmifyHk þodkYvQif oDv0dok'd¨? pdwå0dok'd¨wdkYü aumif;pGmwnfaom olonf ouúm,'d|d\ myxrbHkBuD;udk wl;NzdKzsufqD;jcif;iSm or®m'd|d? or®mouFyÜ[laom ynmu©E¨r*¾ifw&m; 2 yg;udk xlaxmif&m\/ ynmu©E¨r*¾ifw&m; 2 yg; xlaxmifrIonfum; 'd|d0dok'd¨? ucFg0dw&P0dok'd¨? r*¾gr*¾nmP'óe 0dok'd¨? y#dy'gÓ'óe 0dok'd¨? avmukwå&m ÓP'óe 0dok'd¨[kqdktyfaom ynm0dok'd¨ 5 yg;wdkYudk tprSpí wnfaxmifrIwnf;/ wnfaxmifyu kH kd tusO;f tm;jzihf jyqkad ytH?h rdrw d \ Ykd ud, k cf E¨m wpfckvHk;ü rmrI? El;nHhrI? 2 yg;onf yx0D"mwfrnf\/ bGJUap;rI? ,dkpD;rI 2 yg;onf tmayg"mwf r nf \ ? yl a EG ; rI ? csrf ; at;rI 2 yg;onf awaZm"mwfrnf\/ axmufuefrI? vIyf&Sm;rI 2 yg;onf 0ga,m"mwf rnf\/ OD;acgif;t*FgwpfckvHk;onf "mwfav;yg; tpktcJomjzpf\/ tvHk;pHkaom udk,ft*Fg? tvHk;pHkaom ajct*Fg? vuft*Fg [lorQonf "mwfav;yg; tpktcJomjzpf\/ tvHk;pHkaom qHyif? tvHk;pHkaom arG ; n§ i f ; ? tvH k ; pH k a om ajconf ; vuf o nf ; ? tvH k ; pH k a omoG m ;? tvHk;pHkaom ta&? tvHk;pHkaom tom;pkdif tom;cJ? tvHk;pHkaom taMum? tvHk;pHkaom t½dk;? tvHk;pHkaom ½dk;wGif;jcifqD? tvHk;pHkaom

(Continue from last week) When to Establish Paññakkhandha (Wisdom- group) Once the three constituents of the Morality-group of the Eightfold Path are taken and observed, from that very moment they become established in that particular person and from that very moment, so long as there is no violation by him, he is said to be replete with the Purity of Morality. On the very day of observance of the precepts, Concentration-group of the Eightfold Path should be practised. Persons who are sufficiently diligent will not take more than five to ten days to get rid of the mental restlessness, and having attained a steadfast concentration of the mind on exhaling and inhaling, the three constituents of the Concentration- group of the Eightfold Path will become established in him within five to ten days.

From that day he is said to have established himself in citta-visuddhi (Purification of Mind), and should start to establish himself in the Wisdom-group of the Eightfold Path.

How to Establish the Wisdom- Group of the Eightfold Path To establish right from the beginning: Whoever has thus succeeded well in establishing the Purification of Virtue and the Purification of Mind should try to establish himself in Right Understanding and Right Thinking of the Wisdom-group of the Eightfold Path, with a view to destroying the first stage of Personality-belief. Establishment of the two constituents of the Wisdom-group of the Eightfold Path means the establishment in order of the five kinds of pañña-visuddhis (Purification of Wisdom), such as dit.t.hi-visuddhis (Purification . of View), kankha-vitaran.a-visuddhi (Purification by Overcoming Doubt), magga-magga-ña-n.adassana-visuddhi (Purification by Knowledge and Vision of what is and what is not- Path), pat.ipada-ña-n.adassana-visuddhi (Purificatoin by Knowledge and Vision of Course of Practice) and lokuttara-ña-n.adassana-visuddhi (Purificatoin by Supramundane Knowledge and Vision).

In the whole of our body, solidity and softness–these two comprise the element of extension (pathav1-); cohesion or

.

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

21

uf? usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

wDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

m;jyKpkawmfrlaom

*¾*F'. DyeD

GANGA DIPANI OR STITUENTS Of THE NOBLE PATH by

aw, Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt.

h by U Saw Tun Teik, B.A., B.L. tnd§KUcJ? ESvHk;cJ? tajr§;? tzsOf;? tqkyf? tlr? tlodrf? tpmopf? tpm a[mif;? OD;aESmuf[lorQonf "mwfav;yg; tpktcJcsnf;jzpfMu\/ cufrm? bGJUap;? ylat;? axmufuef ("mwfav;yg; tpOf) cufrmü cufrm? El;nHh2 yg;udk ,l? bGJUap;ü bGJUap;? ,dkpD; 2 yg;udk ,l? ylat;ü xufaom awaZm? EHkYaom awaZm 2 yg;udk ,l? axmufuefü axmufuef? vIyf&Sm; 2 yg;udk,l/ (1) cufrmrIum;-xufoefaom yx0Dwnf;? El;nHrh u I m; EHaYk om yx0Dwnf;/ (2) bGUJ ap;rIum;-EHaYk om tmaygwnf;? ,dpk ;D rIum; xufaom tmaygwnf;/ (3) ylaEG;rIum; xufaom awaZmwnf;/ at;csrf;rIum; EHkYaom awaZmwnf;/ (4) axmufuefrIum; EHkYaom 0ga,mwnf;? vIyf&Sm;rIum; xufaom 0ga,mwnf;/ (1) yuwdaom csyd cf üJ xufaom yx0DrsK;d wnf&\ dS ? cufrmrI xif&Sm;\? rD;xdaomtcgü cufrmaom yx0DrsKd;onf tpOftwdkif; csKyfaysmuf\? El;nHhaom yx0DrsKd;onf tpOftwdkif;jzpfay:\/ wzef rD;ESifh uif;uGmjyefaomtcg El;k nHah om yx0DrsK;d tpOftwdik ;f csKyaf ysmuf \/ cufrmaom yx0DrsKd;tpOftwdkif; jzpfay:\/ (2) xdk yuwdaom csdyfcJü EHkYaom tmaygrsKd; wnf&Sd\/ bGUJ ap;rI xif&mS ;\? rD;xdaomtcg bGUJ ap;aom tmaygrsK;d tpOftwdik ;f csKyfaysmuf\? ,dkpD;aom tmaygrsKd; tpOftwdkif;jzpfay:\/ wzef rD;ESihf uif;uGmjyefaom tcg ,dkpD;aom tmaygrsKd; tpOftwdkif; csKyfaysmuf\/ bGJUap;aom tmaygrsKd; tpOftwdkif;jzpfay:\/ (3) xdk yuwdaom csdyfcJü EHkYaom awaZmrsKd; wnf&Sd\/ at;csrf;rI xif&Sm;\? rD;xdaomtcg at;csrf;aom awaZmrsKd; tpOf twdkif; csKyfaysmuf\? aEG;aom ylaom awaZmrsKd; tpOftwdkif; jzpfay:\/ wzefr;D ESiu fh if;uGmjyefaomtcg aEG;aomylaom awaZmrsK;d tpOftwdkif; csKyfaysmuf\? at;csrf;aom awaZmrsKd;tpOftwdkif;

liquidity– these two comprise the element of conhesion or liquidity (a-po);heat and cold–these two comprise the element of kinetic energy (tejo); and support or motion–these two comprise the element of motion or support (va-yo).

The whole of the head is nothing but a collection of the four Great Primaries (i.e the said four elements). All the parts of the body, all the parts of the legs and all the parts of the arms are nothing but collections of the four elements. All hairs of the head, all hairs of the body, all nails, all teeth, all skin, all flesh, all sinews, all bones, all marrow, kidneys, heart, lymph, fat, lungs, intestines, stomach, faeces and brain are nothing but collections of the said four elements.

1. Hardness is the strong form of pathav1-, and softness is the weak form of it.

2. Cohesion is the weak form of a-po, and liquidity is the strong form of it.

3. Heat is the strong form of tejo, and cold is the weak form of it.

4. Support is the weak form of va-yo, and motion is the strong form of it.

(1) Softness or hardness Sealing-wax in its original form is the strong form of pathav1-. Its hard pathav1- is conspicuous; but when it comes in contact with fire, solid pathav1- disappears, and soft pathav1- appears, Again, when the fire is taken away, soft pathav1- naturally disappears and strong pathav1- naturally appears again.

(2) Cohesion or liquidity In the sealing-wax in its original form there is a weak form of a-po. So cohesion is conspicuous. When it comes in contact with fire, cohesive a-po disappears and liquid a-po appears. Again, when the fire is taken away, the liquid a-po disappears and the cohesive a-po appears.

(3) Heat or cold Sealing-wax in its original form is a weak form of tejo.

Coldness is conspicuous. When it comes in contact with fire, cold tejo disappears and hot tejo appears. Again, when the first

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THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON MAGGANGA DIPANI

22

"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

jzpfay:\/ (4) xdk yuwdaom csdyfcJü EHkYaom 0ga,mrsKd;wnf&Sd\? axmufuefrI xif&Sm;\? rD;xdaomtcg axmufuefaom 0ga,mrsKd; tpOftwdkif; csKyfaysmuf\? vIyf&Sm;aom 0ga,mrsKd; jzpfay:\? wzef rD;ESihf uif;uGm jyefaomtcg vIyf&Sm;aom 0ga,mrsKd; csKyfaysmuf\? axmufuefaom 0ga,mrsKd;jzpfay:\/ jzpf a y:rI - O',? csKyf a ysmuf r I - 0, jzpfay:rIpkonf O',rnf\? csKyfaysmufrItpkonf 0,rnf \? O',AÁ,jzpf\? þum; 0dyóemt&mü jzpfrI? csKyfrIac:aom O',AÁ,oabmudk BuHzefEkdifMuapjcif;iSm csdyfcJü xif&Sm;vSpGmaom "mwfwdkY\ jzpfrI? ysufrIudk pHjyK&efazmfjyaom pum;&yfwnf;/ OD;acgif;t*Fgpk? udk,ft*Fgpk? ajct*Fgpk? vuft*Fgpkonf xdck syd cf J ESiw fh \ l ? wpfu, kd v f ;kH ü at;rI? ylr[ I al om Owk"mwfr;D 2 yg;onf tNrJvQif qkwfcsnfwufcsnfaeMu\/ aexGufonfrS pí rGef;wdrf; 2 em&Dwdkifatmif wukd,fvHk;ü ylaom Owk tqihfqifh wdk;wuf\/ at;aom Owk tqifhqifh qkwf,kwf\/ xdkrSaemufüat;aom Owk wd;k wuf\? ylaomOwk qkw, f w k \ f ? ud, k af wGU'd|rI jzpfMuonf/ tenf; i,frQ tcsufudkabmfjyvQif tcsufrsm;pGmudk jrifEkdifMuukef&m\ tyl Owk wdk;wufaomtcg OD;acgif;t*Fgtp&Sdaom udk,fcE¨mpkonf csdyfcJ udk rD;xdaomtcgESihfwl\/ tat;Owk wdk;wufaomtcg udk,fcE¨mpk onf csdyfcJrSm rD;ESihfuif;uGm aomtcgESihfwl\/ at;rI? ylrI? Owk 2 yg;onf em&DpOftwdik ;f wufwkH qkww f kH aeMuuke\ f / at;rI qkwaf vsmh \/ wd;k wufonfukd O',qd\ k ? qkwaf vQmonfukd 0,qd\ k ? ylr?I at;rI 2 ckww Ykd iG f wpfcw k ;kd wufrEI iS fh wpfcq k w k af vsmrh I 2 yg;onf NyKd iNf rw J nf;/ þat;rI? ylrI 2 yg;wdkY\ wufrI qkwfrIudk tpGJjyKícufrmrI? El;nHhrI[laom yx0D 2 rsKd;wdkYonfvnf; tNrJvQif wufwH uswHk aeMu ukef\/ xdkYtwl zGJUap;rI? ,dkpD;rI[laom tmayg 2 rsKd; axmufjyefrI? vIyf&Sm;rI? [laom 0gaom 2 rsKd;wdkYonfvnf; tNrJvQif wufwkH uswHk aeMuukef\/ OD;acgif; t*Fgtp&Sdaom udk,ft*FgtpkwdkYü "mwfav;yg;wdkY onf yGufyGufqlaom tdk;BuD;\ twGif;üwqlql w&G&Gjzpfum ysufum aeMuukeaf om a&yGuif ,fwEYkd iS fh tvm;wl uke\ f / ud, k cf E¨mBu;D wpfcv k ;kH onf a&jrKyfwHk;BuD; a&jrKyfcJBuD;ESihfwlvS\? a&yGufi,fwdkYü tcdk;&dyf taiGU&dyfwdkYonf xifukef\/ a&yGufi,fwdkY csKyfysufwdkif; csKyfysufwdkif; a&yGufi,fwkdYürSDaom t&dyfwdkYonf csKyfysufavukef\/ tedpö? 'ku©? tewå xdkYtwl "mwfav;yg;wdkYü rSDMuukefaom jrifrI? Mum;rI? eHrI? vsurf ?I awGUxdr?I odr[ I al om emrfw&m;wdo Yk nfvnf; xdx k "kd mwfav;yg; csKyfysuf&modkY ygMuavukef\/ xdkYaMumihf 0dnmPfajcmufyg;wdkYESihf wuGaom "mwfav;yg;wdkYonf cdkifNrJaom oabm r&SdMuukefaom aMumihf tedpöwdkYomwnf;? jzpfjcif;? ysufjcif;ab;ESifh tNrJ,SOfaom aMumihf 'kuw © o Ykd mwnf;? tESpo f m&rsK;d ? r[kwMf uukeaf omaMumihf tewå wdo Yk mwnf;/ þum; OD;acgif;t*FgrSpí udk,ft*Fg t&yf&yfü ynmu©E¨ r*¾if 2 yg; xlaxmifyHkwnf;/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

is taken away, the hot tego disappears and cold tego appears.

(4) Support or motion Sealing- wax in its original form is a weak form of va-ya.

Support is conspicuous. When it comes in contact with fire, supporting va-yo disappears and moving va-yo appears. Again, when the first is taken away, moving va-yo disappears and supporting va-yo appears.

Udaya means "appearance", and vaya means "disappearance", udayabbaya is a compound word of the two.

Now with a view to enabling people to think of and understand the meaning and nature of udayabbaya which in Vipassana- means "appearance" and "disappearance", the example of the "appearance and disappearance" of the elements which are evidently present in the sealing- wax has been given.

Increase- udaya, Decrease- vaya The head, the body, the leg and the hand may be dealt with the same way as the sealing- wax has been dealt with. Heat and cold, the two aspects of tejo, are always taking place alternately. Heat increases stage by stage in the whole body right away from sunrise to two p.m and cold decreases stage by stage accordingly. Hence forward, cold increases and heat correspondingly decreases. This is the personal experience of every person.

From one explanation, numerous inferences can be made.

The increase of heat in the parts of the body, such as the head, etc., resembles the coming in contact of the sealingwax with fire; and when the cold increases in the body, it resembles the sealing-wax form which the fire has been removed.

The heat or the cold increases or decreases hour by hour in the course of the day. Heat increases when cold decreases, and cold increases when heat decreases. Increases comes under "udaya" and decrease under "vaya".

In the two things– heat and cold– increase and decrease form one natural pair.

Increase and decrease in the four pairs of elements Two kinds of pathav1-, namely, softness and hardness increase or decrease in accordance with the rise and fall of temperature. Two kinds of a-po, namely, liquidity and cohesion and two kinds of va-yo, namely, motion and support also invrease or decrease in the same way.

The said four elements in the parts of the body, such as the head. etc., resemble the numerous small bubbles fastly appearing and disappearing onthe surface of boiling water in the big pot. The whole body resembles a jump of foam. Vapour appears in each small bubble and it disappears every time the numerous bubbles disappear.

Anicca, Dukkha, Anatta Similarly, Seeing, Hearing, Smelling, Tasting, Touching, and Knowing– all these mental phenomena which depend on the said four elements vanish simultaneously with them. Therefore, the six kinds of viñña-n.a (Consciousness)– eye- consciousness, ear- consciousness, nose- consciousness, tongue- consciousness, body- consciousness, and mind- consciousness,, together with the four elements are anicca (impermanent), because they are associated with the danger of incessant arisings and vanishings; they are annatta, because they have no pith or substance in them.

(To be continue)

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jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdkY ü t&n0goDawm&yfrSDvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD & if a wmf r l a o omm "ar® m 0g'uxm

omoemawmfBu;D \ a&aomufjrpfo;kH oG,f (omoemtyd k i f ; ) (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) y,fowfvsufu wpf'*Feda&m"odkY qdkufapNyD? [ef c suf n D a om wd k u f u G u f a v; xdktcdkufao a&SmifaowdkY aozefrsm;vmaomf... olYtvdkufoihf...rSwf? orkapä'y[mefac: emwm&Snfvnf; ao&awmhonfom/ trSwfrvGwf½Hk...az;ul? odkYr[kwf.... acgif;at;í pdwftxdkifus? cPcP aowdkY aygif;rd&mrS tNrJao jzpfxGef;vmjcif;wnf;/ þenf;Oya'owdkYjzihf½IrSwfavaomtcg... þum; orm"dtkyfpk\ [efcsufnDwdkufuGufrS &vmbfrsm;/ rSwfcsufonf wpfcsufxufwpfcsuf ½IuGufxJodkY xdk;usvm\/ wd k u f M uonf q d k a omf v nf ; a&SUtm;udk aemufum;u ulaeygNyD/ þwGif aemufaemufu rSwpf w k \ Ykd wGe;f tm;&Sed af Mumihf ,ckrw S v f uf owdOD;pD;aom r*¾iftkyfpkwdkYu udavomwkYdudk wdkufcdkuf prSwftm;rsm;onf av;eufvmawmhum wGJceJpD;ueJjzpfvmae\/. zsufqD; ypfaeygonfqdkaomfvnf; aiGrsm;udk pkaqmif;ae&mü... pifppf rnfonfhudavomrsm;ESihfrQ &ifqdkifwdkufcdkuf&jcif;rsKd; yxrpkrdNyD; ig;jym;onf ,ckpkig;jym;ESihf aygif;q,fjym;? r&Sdacs/ 'kwd,pkrdNyD; q,fjym;vnf; ,ckpkq,fjym;ESihfaygif; ESpfq,fjym;? owdpaom r*¾ifwdkYonf ... þenf;jzihfyif wpfcgpk wpfcsufxyfwkd; tusKd;&vmawmhum wpfcw k pfcck si;f \ pGr;f &nfjzihf qdik &f mtvkyf vkyv f suu f vnf; rwf? usyf? q,f? &m? axmifponf tzwfwifbdodkYyif? aumif;? odkYaMumihfvQif toifa,m*Donf wpfckwpfckcsif;\ aygif;pnf;tm;jzihf qdkif&mtvkyf vkyfvsuf usihfpOfenf;ukd odonfjzpfap? rodonfjzpfap rSwfomrSwf uvnf;aumif;? [laom owdwpfvHk; r*¾ifoHk;yg;jzihfyif NyD;jynhfpHk\/ wpfaMumif;wnf;aom c&D;NydKifwloGm;aeMujcif;rQomwnf;? usihfenf; odrodum; udavom 'kp½dkufwkYdudk y,fowf&mü orm"dtyk pf o k nf ,if;wdv Yk yk af qmifae&onfh wpfcw k nf;aom t<uif;rJh wm0efr,lEkdif/ ½IuGufudk rSwfjcif;? tm;uljcif;? wnfapjcif;wkdYjzihf wm0ef,l udkifwG,f oifhvufxJ&Sd owdwpfvHk;\ rSwfcsufrsm;uom tcdkufy,f vdkufonfESihf... a&Smify,f? tjywfy,frsm;udk t<uif;rJh wm0ef,lEkdifonf/ usihfenf; tdrf&Sifpdwfvnf; cE¨mtdrfjyifodkYrxGufomNyD/ odjcif;um; udavom owfjzwf&eftwGuf vrf;jyrQom/ tdrfjyifu udavomwdkYvnf; cE¨mtdrfwGif;odkY rcsOf;omNyD/ td k . ..a,m*D . ..oih f t wG u f ta&;wBuD ; vd k t yf a om þenf;jzihf orm"dtyk pf u k pdwEf iS u fh ad vom tqufjzwfay; t&mrSm.. xm;av&m\/ u/ rSwfcsifzdkY xdktcg... c/ rSwfzdkYwnf; pdwfESihftBudKuf rwGJrdMuí BudKufpdwf rjzpfay:ay/ 1/ wpfcsuftrSwfrdoGm;u wpfcsufyif udavomao\/ okdYaMumihf topftopf udavomrsm; cE¨mwGif; csOf;rvmNyD/ 2/ wpfcsuftrSwfrdoGm;uESpfcsuftxd udavom ao\/ topfraqmif;ojzihf ta[mif;ta[mif;rsm;vnf; rx<u 3/ wpfcsuftrSwfrdoGm;u oHk;csufvHk;txd udavom ao omNyD/ \/ xdk ra[mif;rx wpfpwpfp wdrfaumyaysmufjcif;udkyif 1/ ta[mif;onf ½kwfw&wfao aoay;&onf/ orm"dr*¾iftkyfpku udavomudk owfjzwfí oGm;onf[lí ajymprSwf 2/ topfonf a&Smifwcifao aoay;&onf/ jyKMujcif;wnf;/ 3/ tpkwfonf jywfawmufao csKyfqHk;ay;&onf/ ynmr*¾ifpkum; ododay;jcif;jzihf twktppf cGJjcm;jcif;rQom? þonfyif... oDvr*¾ifpkum; &NyD;e,fy,f tus,ft0ef;udk owfrSwfjcif; udavom'kp½dkufpkwdkYudk wpf'*Fy[mef 0du©rÇey[mefwdkYjzifh rQom/

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"r®0D&onf ]oDv? orm"d? ynm} twGuf jzpfonf/

&J E S i h f o l c d k ; tNid K ;BuD ; pG m &Jonf olcdk;\ &efoltppfwnf;? olcdk;onfvnf; &Jrsm;\ &efoltppfwnf;/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf olcdk;rBudKufonfhtvkyf &Juvkyfí &JrBudKufonhftvkyfudk vnf; olcdk;rsm;u vkyfaeMuaomaMumihf.... olcdk;[lonf.... nOfhtarSmifudk apmihf&\/ vloluif;qdwf trsm;wdkY tdyfarm uscsdefudkvnf; apmihfqdkif;&ao;\/ þum; olcdk;0wå&m;/ &J[lonf... nOfharSmifvmvQif uif;ykef;0yfí olcdk;apmihfzrf;um jynfolY pnf;pdrfudk tumtuG,fay;\/ uif;vSnhfjcif;jzihfvnf; vla,mifjyí tumtuG,fay;ao;\/ þum;&J0wå&m;... þodkY 0wå&m;udk,fpD &SdMu&mwGif... &Jtrltusihf &J0wå&m;rsm;udk olcdk;u vHk;0rBuKduf/ olcdk;\ rSwfcsufwGif &Jrsm;onf rdrdwdkY\ toufarG;0rf;ausmif;rIudk 0ifa&muf aESmuf,Sufaeaom olcdk;rsm;\ bHk&efol/ &Jrsm;onf rdrdwdkY aqmif&Guf&rnfh 0wå&m;rsm;udk aqmif&Guf cGihfr&&ef [efYwm;aeaom olcdk;rsm;\ bHk&efol/ &Jrsm;\ rSwfcsufwGifvnf; ... olcdk;rsm;onf &mZ0wfrI wdk;yGm;&ef BudK;pm;aeolrsm;? &yf&Gm at;csr;f a&;ESifh w&m;Oya' pd;k rd;k a&;udk [efw Y m;aeolrsm;? 'kp½du k rf cI if; ruif;&ef zefwD;ay;aeMuolrsm;? olcdk;wdkY\ þtrltusihfrsm;udk &Jrsm;u vHk;0rBudKuf? pifppf olcdk;[lonf &JwkYd\ &efoltppfyifwnf;/ þrSwfcsufrsm;jzihfyif... olcdk;uvnf; &Jtvpfapmihf ajzmihfajzmihfBuD; qefYusifae\/ &JUuvnf; olcdk;tidkufzrf; tcsKyfcef;xJodkY oGif;ay;ae\/ odkYwapvnf;... &JESihfolcdk; xdyfwdkufwdk; wdkufcdkuf&jcif;rsKd;um; r&Sdacs/ olcdk;onf... &J o nf 0wf p H k j ynh f 0 wf q if v suf u ol \ tjcm;ud p ö j zih f vrf;avQmufvmaeygonfukd jrifawGU&vQiyf if [dak b;0if onfacsmifyek ;f jzihf MuufaysmufiSufaysmuf aysmufbdodkYyif/ þum; r*¾ifESihf udavomwdkY\ &efbufjzpfyHk/ rS w f t m;aumif ; vmjcif ; \ oauF w rsm; þodkYvQif rSwfcsufwpfckwpfckwGif rdrdpdwf rdrdydkifqdkifvmjcif;? odp&m&Sdonfudk odydkifvmjcif;? udavomudkvnf; y,fowfNyD;jcif;? ud p ö o H k ; rsKd ; oH k ; rsKd ; NyD ; pD ; vsuf u owd O D ; pD ; aom r*¾ i f t k y f p k tifjynhftm;jynhfjzihf a&SUwufvmaomf ½Iuu G Ef iS fh rSwcf suo f nf &ifqikd yf ufyif; qHrk Md uavonfh yrm txdESihftrSwf NydKifwlyif usa&mufvmacsawmh\/ txdESihftrSwf &ifcsif;tyfvsufu uyfceJ pD;ceJjzihf wGJwGJ pD;pD; trSwfrdvmawmh\/

xdkodkY rSwfaumif;vmjcif;onf pd w f p nf ; vH k ; rd & mrS ½k y f y g pnf ; pnf ; vH k ; vH k ; jzpf v mNyD ; wufcsDoufcsDvIyf&Sm;jyvmjcif;wnf;/ þonfyif... orm"dr*¾iftkyfpk\ vkyfuGufyDjyifvmjcif; qdktyf\/ rSwftm; wufrwufudk... txufygjzpfpOfudk tuJcwfvsufu qHk;jzwfMu&m\/ cHpm;rIonf aygY[m[m usJawmufawmufjzpfaeNyD; txdESihf trSwf uyfraejcif;? ½kyfpnf;vHk;yHk ay:xGufrvmjcif;jzpfaeu trSwf rwufao;[lí rSwfcsufcs&m\/ cHpm;rIonf tm;&yg;& jzpfaeNy;D txdEiS t fh rSwf uyfraejcif;? ½kypf nf;vH;k yHak y:xGuv f mjcif;qdu k trSwx f ufvsuf wd;k wufvmNy[ D í l rSwfcsufcs&m\/ þodkY ½IuGuf(av0ifxGuf&m ESmzsm;0)ESihf rSwfpdwfwdkY tcsuf usus twGJrdMuojzihf rsufESmcsif; qdkifrdvmMuaomf... wdkufcdkufzsufqD;&efvmaom av½kyf? ckcHvsufu tzsufqD;cHae&aom ESm0½kyf? ,if;wdkYtjyeftvSef wdkufcdkufrIaMumifh ay:aygufvmaom azmufjyefaeyHkobm0/ xdkoHk;rsKd;wdkYonf wzGm;zGm;w&dyf&dyf orm"dedrdwftjzpf rdrd\ ÓPf0,f xifjrifvmawmh\/ odrYk [kwf orm"dtkyfpku tppftaq;aumif;ojzihf rIcif;rsm; txif t&Sm; ay:aygufvmjcif;wnf;/ xdkjrifjcif;onf... rdrdESm0ü trSwfoefaomf ESmoD;zsm; vIyf&Sm;aeyHk t&dyfedrdwf? avbufodkY trSwfoefaeaomf av\ w&dyf&dyf vIyf&Sm;yHk t&dyfedrdwf xdkESpfrsKd; wpfrsKd;wpfrsKd;udk... arm[uif;pif ÓPfrsufpdtjrifjzihfom jrifod&m\/ olwpfyg;wdt Yk aMumif;udck sn;f odoad e&mrS rdr\ d taMumif;udk waphwapmif; ajymif;vJodvmjcif;qdku rrSm;wef&mNyD/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) pmrsuf E S m 19 rS wzeft&G,fa&mufvmaomtcg tm½HktawGUrsm; qGJ&modkY tarh B uD ; arh u m aumuf a umuf y gav\/ tarh o m;rsm; tarh tcsi;f csi;f awGUqHak vojzihf tarhorm;wdYk ZeD;armifEt HS jzpf aygif;oif; Muavonf/ tarhom;onf tarhorD;ESihf awGUíarharhBuD; aygif;oif; aomaMumihf tarhZeD;armifESHjzpfcJh&avonf/ tarhom;uav;um; tarhtm½Hkrsm;aemuf vdkufygpGJruf aecsdefrSpí tarhom;wpfzufaemufodkY pdwfa&mufvmav\/ xdktcg rdru d kd arG;xm;aom tarhuakd rhvsuaf eacsawmh\/ tarudk rarhEidk yf g[l aom tarhom; tpGJtm½HktarhxHcsOf;uyfaygif;oif;vsuf tarudk ausmcdkif;um tarhom;wdkY aysmfyg;&m tarhtdrfwnfaqmufavawmh onf/ þtarhtdrfonfum; tarhom; ESpfOD;om;ZeD;armifESHwdkY umr*kPt f awGU tm½Hak rhwjYkd zihf arhvsuaf ysmyf g;&mtdr?f tarhtrd jf zpfav onf/ ZeD;armifESHwkYd udk,fwdkifaqmufvkyfaom tarhtdrfomwnf;/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/

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vdktifqE´uif;jcif;= ppfrSefaomvGwfvyfrI wd u © Ó PD vlwdkYonf tcsdefwdkif; qE´aygif;rsm; pGmESihf vHk;yef;ae&avh&Sdonf/ xdkqE´trsdK;rsdK; aMumihyf if jzpfwnfysu, f iG ;f rIrsm;pGm ay:ayguf cJ&h ojzihf avmuudk pdwu f OD;aqmifaeonf[k oAÁnKwocifu rdeMYf um;cJo h nf/ tawG;tBuH onf qE´udk arG;zGm;&mt&if;cHjzpfNyD; arQmfvihf csuf j zih f &S i f o ef a eaomvl o m;wd k i f ; rS m umr*kPftm½Hk (5) yg;ü usifvnfaomqE´? vGwaf jrmufvakd omqE´? pHpk v kH ifvifjzihf pdwu f ;l e,fy,ftm½Hkü usufpm;BuHpnfaeavh&SdMu onf/ qE´wdkif;jynhf0pGm taumiftxnfay: vmwkdif; ]]uHaumif;onf}} [laom rSwfcsufjyK um topftopfaom qE´rsm;udk awG;awm BuHpnfrIjzihf xyfrHarG;zGm;rdMujyefonf/ txl; xl;aom qE´rsm;udk taumiftxnfazmf&ef om BuH p nf N yD ; arh a vsmh p G m aoqH k ; jcif ; yef;wdkifudk a&muf&SdoGm;Mu&jcif;rsm;ygonf/ pifppf xdktawG;tBuH? pdwful;? qE´? arQmfvihfcsufrSeforQonfyif/ oHo&mvnfap aom t&mrsm;jzpfvmwwfonf/ cE¨monf tcsdefwdkif; puúefYrvyfjzpfysufaeaMumif;udk rodaom t0dZmÆ rnfaomarm[onf (31) bHk usifvnfaeaom yk*¾dKvftaygif;udk a&S;OD;pGm ]]O'¨p}ö } [laom ysUH vGiafh wG;awmjcif;jzihf pdwu f ;l qE´rsm; tzefzefarG;zGm;apum arQmfvihfcsuf jzihf &Sifoefaeaponf/ pifppf aESmifzUJG ay;wwf aom xdkqE´pdwful;arQmfvifhcsuf jynhf0onhf tjzpf&o dS vdk rjynf0h onht f cgrsm;u &mcdik Ef eI ;f ydkrdkpGm&Sdaeonf/ rarQmfvihfbJ qE´pdwful;r&Sd bJ &yfwnfolrsm;udk avmuDumr*kPfabmif twG i f ; rS &yf w nf o l r sm;u uJ h & J U ½I w f c sNyD ; avmukwå&mabmifay:rS &yfwnfolrsm;u cs;D rGr;f Muonf/ &ifEiS ahf usm qufpyfaeouJo h Ykd qefu Y sib f ufoabmw&m;rsm; wnf&adS eaom avmuDabmiftwGif;ü uJh&JUcsD;rGrf;rIrsm;rSm tqef;wMu,fr[kwfawmhay/ avmuü vlom;wpfOD;jzpfwnf&mü qE´wpfcak wmh tenf;qH;k &So d ifyh gonf/ r&S&d yg? rxm;&yg[lí rqdkvdkyg/ odkYaomf qE´awG rGef;Muyfu ½l;wwf&aMumif; odem;vnfum owd&&dS ygrnf/ avmuDabmiftwGi;f usiv f nf rnfqdkygu qE´wpfckwnf;jzihf rvHkavmuf ovdk Mum;jzwfqE´rsm;\ taESmiftzGUJ uvnf;

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/ onf/ t&ufemusí tvkyfrvkyfEdkif/ onf awmh pm;a&;aomuf a &;rS m xrif ; td k ; ud k tajrmuf e J Y y pf c s&rvk d j zpf v monf / rd r d u tiwfcHEdkifonfxm;tHk;? om;uav;u &Sdao; onf/ om;uav;udkawmh tiwfrxm;Edkifay/ rwwfomonhftqHk; oD&dEG,frSm aps;Aef; acgif;ay:&Guf&awmhonf/ xdkrQESifhvnf; rvHk avmufojzihf tyd0k ifaiG&atmif olwpfyg;tdrf wGif t0wftiSm;avQm&f onf/ rdbvufxw J iG f [efEiS yhf efEiS fh aMumhaMumhav;aecJ&h aomfvnf; tdraf xmifonfb0wGif BuKH awGU&aom yifyef; qif;&JrI'ku©rsm;aMumifh ckawmhjzihf vl½kyfyif ray:awmhNy/D ]]uH q d k ; roG m ;&m rd k ; vk d u f v d k Y & G m }} qdak om pum;yHu k o hJ yYkd if tukov kd rf sm;0ifvmNyD qdkvQif toif;tyif;ESihf 0ifvmwwfonfrdkY wpfaeYwGif oD&dEG,fcrsmrSm a,musfm;jzpfol\ owif;qd;k udk rarQmv f ihb f J Mum;vdu k &f jyefonf/ t&ufr;l rl;ESiq fh u dk u f m;udk rqifrjcifeif;vm&m rSm ukefwifum;wpfpD;ESihf 0ifwkdufrd&m ae&m wGif yGJcsif;NyD;aoqHk;oGm;ygowJh/ oD&dEG,frSm t½l;wpfydkif;jzpfí tcif;jzpfyGm;&mae&modkY vkdufoGm;cJhNyD; cifyGef;onf\tavmif;udkzuf um 0rf;enf;ylaqG; idak <u;&Smavonf/ cdu k ;kd &m rJhb0wGif aumuf½dk;wpfrQifrQyif vSrf;qGJp&m r&Sdawmhonfh tajctaejzpfcJh&jyefonf/ xdkrQ ESifhrNyD;ao;yg? wpfylay: ESpfylqihfqdkouJhodkY cifyGef;onf &ufvnfNyD;aemuf wpfaeYwGif om;i,fudk tdrfwGifxm;cJhí aps;a&mif;oGm;&m om;jzpfolu tdrfwGifraebJ tjyifxGufaqmh &mrS vrf;ab;a&ajrmif;xJodkY vdrfhusaoqHk; oGm;cJhjyefonf/ tdrfeD;em;csif;rsm;rSmvnf; ud, k t hf vkyEf iS u fh , kd rf Ykd uav;i,ftm; rnforl Q owdrxm;rdvkdufMuacs/ tarjzpfol aps;a&mif;&mrS jyefvm aomtcg om;udrk awGUojzihf xdwx f w d jf ymjym ESifh tdrfeD;csif;rsm;udk ar;Munhfaomfvnf; rnfolrQ rawGUrdaMumif;om ajzMuavonf/ oD&Ed , G rf mS &ifwiG ;f rD;wdYk tjyif;avmifNrKd uv f m í om;trnfudk wausmfausmfac:NyD; ae&m tESHYvdkuf&Smaomfvnf; rawGU&acs/ aemufqHk; &yfuGuftpGef&Sda&ajrmif;udk rouFmojzihf tdrfeD;csif;rsm;u qif;&SmaomtcgrS om;i,f \ tavmif;udkawGU&avonf/ vifaoí &ifwiG ;f aomutylyif rNird ;f ao; rdrt d csp&f qH;k om;uav;uyg rdrdtm;pGefYcGmoGm;aomtcg oD&Ed , G cf rsm om;tavmif;udyk u kd í f ajrjyifay: wGif vl;vdru hf m idak <u;aeonfrmS zket f vl;vl;

ES i h f t½l ; rBuD ; ozG , f j zpf a eavawmh o nf / ab;rSjrifawGU&olrsm;rSmvnf; oem;vGe;f ojzihf rsu&f nfrqnfEikd Mf u/ ]]uHq;kd vdu k w f hJ rde;f uav; &,f}} vdkYom pkwfwowfowfjzihf a&&GwfMu½Hk rSwpfyg; rnfodkYrQ rwwfEdkifMuygacs/ odkYaomf oD&dEG,fonf pdwf"mwfcdkifrmolayrdkYvm;rod y#mpm&Dvdkawmh oGufoGufcgatmif ½l;roGm;cJh yg/ &ifwGif;rS aomutylrD;udk BudwfrSdwfcHpm; &if; om;uav;twGuf &nfpl;í wwfEdkiforQ aumif;rIukodkvfjyKum trQtwef;rsm; ay;a0 vku d yf gonf/ tckawmhvnf; ,d, k iG ;f a[mif;EGr;f ae aom tdryf w k u f av;ay:wGif oD&Ed , G w f pfa,muf wnf; txD;usefpGm ai;rdIifvsuf&Sdaeygonf/ id&k vGe;f ojzihf rsu&f nfwv Ykd nf; crf;ajcmufuek f Nyx D ifonf/ rsuv f ;kH wdrYk mS rdt Yk pfa,mifuikd ;f vsuf &Sdonf/ cg;oD;vGef;vSaom rdrd\b0qdk;udk emMunf;rdonf/ rdrdtay: &ufpufvGef;aom rdbwdu Yk v kd nf; pdwef mrdonf/ ]]aMomf..b,fvkd tukodkvf0#fa<u;aMumifhrsm;ygvdrhf? tif;av ]b,forl jyK rdrt d rI} qdo k vdb k J aemufq;kH awmh vnf; onf'ku©awGudk udk,fwkdifyJ&SmcJhwmyJ r[kwfygvm;}} onhfaemufrSmawmh oD&dEG,f wpfa,muf tjzpfoihfqHk;aom qHk;jzwfcsuf wpfckudk csvkdufonf/ ]]awmfNyD vlYabmifvlY avmuudk pdwfukefNyD/ onft&yfrSmvnf; qufvufaevdkpdwfr&Sdawmh? wpf&yfwpfaus; udak jymif;rnf/ b0opfukd xlaxmifí udavom tnpftaMu;wdkYudk aq;aMumypfawmhrnf}}/ onftawG;ESifhtwl oD&dEG,f\ rsuf0ef;tpHk onf arQmv f ihcf suw f jYkd zihf 0if;vufawmufyvm avawmhonf/ tcsdefrSm eHeuf (4;00) em&D omom rQom&Sdao;onf/ oD&dEG,fwpfa,muf tdwf wpf v H k ; ud k q G J v suf wpf a e&mod k Y OD ;wnf í vrf;avQmufvmaeonf/ crf;em;x,f0gaom wdkuftdrfBuD;wpfvHk;a&SUta&mufwGif acwå&yf vku d o f nf/ tdrBf u;D udk rsu&f nfrsm;a0oDaeonhf Mum;rS rrSdwfroHk ai;Munhfaerdonf/ tdrfom; awGrmS tdyaf ysmaf eqJrYkd wdwq f w d Nf ird o f ufvsuf &So d nf/ aMomf..wpfcsed u f þtdrBf u;D ay:wGif rdrdonf rdbrsm;ESihf jrL;xl;aysmfyg;í BuD;jyif; vmcJh&onfr[kwfygvm;/ tckawmhvnf; rdrd rSm tdrf&dyfyifeif;cGifhr&Sdawmhonfh tajctae yg/ olronf tdrfBuD;bufodkYrsufESmrlí ykqpf wkwfum xdkifcsvkdufonf/ vuftkyfuav;csD í tdrx f rJ S rdbESpyf g;ud&k nfreS ;f í OD;oH;k Burd cf s í uefawmhvu dk o f nf/ EIwrf v S nf;-

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]]EIwq f ufcyhJ gw,f azazeJaY rar&,f orD ; rk d u f u d k cG i h f v T w f y g/ azazeJ Y a rarud k pdwfqif;&JatmifvkyfcJhrdwJhtwGuf &Sdcdk;awmif; yefcJhygw,f/ vlqdkwm udk,hfordkif;udk,fa&;& w,fwJh/ orD;&JUtem*wfc&D;rSm taumif;qHk; orkdif;wpfckjzpfatmif a&;zdkYqHk;jzwfvkdufygNyD}}/ yg;jyifay:odkY vdrfhqif;vmaomrsuf&nfrsm;udk okwyf pfvu dk o f nf/ xdaYk emuf xkid &f mrSxonf/ toufjyif;jyif;wpfcsuf½SL½dIufvkdufNyD; pdwfudk wif;um b0opfc&D;udk pwifEdkifzdkYtwGuf tdwu f q kd í JG um;*dw&f &dS modYk xGucf ahJ wmhonf/ oD&dEG,fwpfa,muf ZmwdNrdKUuav; udk ausmcdik ;f pGecYf mG cJNh y;D &efuek Nf rKd UBu;D odYk a&muf &Sv d mcJNh y/D ,cifu rdrEd iS o fh u d Rr;f &if;ES;D cJzh ;l aom oDv&Sifq&mBuD;\ausmif;wkdufodkY qdkufqdkuf NrdKufNrdKuf a&mufvmcJhonf/ oDv&Sifq&mBuD; tm; olr\b0ZmwfaMumif;udkajymjyavQmuf xm;vkdufonf/ oDv&Sifq&mBuD;vnf; rsm;pGm pd w f r aumif ; jzpf r d o G m ;NyD ; u½k P mouf p G m w&m;"r®jzihf ESpo f rd ahf y;&Smonf/ xdaYk emufwiG f awmh 'ku©onfrav; oD&dEG,fwpfa,muf ]0wf a Mumif } ud k p G e f Y í omoemh t EG , f 0 if oDv&Sifb0odkY ul;ajymif;vkdufygawmhonf/ &ifwGif;rSawmufavmifaeaom tylrD;wdkYudk "r® a &at;ES i h f Nid r f ; owf & ef t m;cJ a vNyD / aomurD;yifv,fxJu oD&dEG,fb0rSonf at;jraom"r®\ t&dyfatmufrS q&mav; ]rokE´&D} tjzpfjzihf Ak'¨jrwfpGm\&ifcGifawmfrSm xm0&em;cdk&if; oHo&mxGufvrf;udkjref;Edkif atmif BudK;pm;ayawmhrnf/ Ak'¨vufxufawmfu y#mpm&DrSm awmh vifao? om;qHk;? rdbawGESifh tdrfygrD; avmifoGm;vdkY oGufoGufcgatmif ½l;cJh&&Sm onf/ jrwfpGmbk&m;ESifhawGUí w&m;awmfudk emMum;cJh&NyD; t½l;a&m*gaysmufcJh&onfhtjyif &[EÅmax&DrBu;D tjzpfjzihf edAmÁ efp0H ifciG &hf oGm; cJhonf/ tckvnf; oD&dEG,fwjzpfvJ ]rokE´&D} qd k a om oD v &S i f q &mav;rS m y#mpm&D v d k oGufoGufcgatmifawmh r½l;cJhyg/ bk&m;&Sif oufawmfxif&Sm;r&Sdawmhí bk&m;ESifhvnf; xdyfwdkufzl;awGUcGifhr&cJhyg/ odkYaomf jrwfbk&m; xm;&pfawmfrlcJhaom omoemawmf\t&dyf tm0goudkawmh cdkvIHcGifh&cJhygonf/ jrwfAk'¨\ w&m;awmfrsm;udk wpfqihfjyefvnfa[mMum; awmf r l a om oH C mawmf t &S i f o l j rwf w d k Y \ w&m;awmfrsm;udkvnf; emMum;cGihf&cJhygNyD/ xdkYaMumifh jrwfAk'¨\ wynhfom0u pmrsuf E S m 29 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/ ,ckaomf xdrk suv f ;kH wdo Yk nf jzLa&mfraJG jcmufum rwihfw,fMuawmhukef/ [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmudk qdkavh&Sdaom jrwfpGmbk&m;\pum;awmfonfum; wpfrsdK; wzHkajymif;vJjcif;r&Sd? a[mawmfrlwdkif; rSefuef avonfwum;/ ES m wH ? em;&G u f ? oG m ;tvS i,f&, G Ef yk sKd poftcgu ig\ESmacgif;?

ESmwHonf odraf rGUajyjypfpmG ay:vGiv f su&f cdS \ hJ / rsuEf mS jyifEiS fh avsmufywfnn D mvsuf wihw f ,f cJhay\/ ,ckaomf xdkESmacgif;wdkYonf om;a& BudK;xHk;uJhodkYwnf;/ i,f&G,fEkysdKpOftcgu ig\em;&Guf wdkYonf yef;xdrfausmfwdkY aumif;pGmpDrHjyKvkyf xm;aom a&Tvufaumufuo hJ Ykd wifw h ,fcu hJ ek f \/ ,ckaomf xdkem;&GufwdkYonf om;a&rQif ajcmufvdk 0dkif;aeí Munhf½I&ouJhodkYwnf;? w&GJ&GJusvsuf &SdavNyDwnf;/ i,f&G,fEkysdKpOftcgu ig\oGm;wdkY onf iSuaf ysmzl;iHt k qif;oP²mef wifw h ,fuek f \/ ,ckaomf xdkoGm;wdkYonf ajymif;zl;aphusJ uJhodkYwnf;? ,dkifvJvsuf npfywfMuavNyD wnf;/ [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmudk qdkavh&Sdaom jrwfpGmbk&m;\pum;awmfonfum; wpfrsdK; wzHkajymif;vJjcif;r&Sd? a[mawmfrlwdkif; rSefuef avonfwum;/ csd K at;oH o m i,f&G,fEkysdKpOftcgu awmtkyfü usupf m;aom OMoysKd ruJo h aYkd om om,maom toHudk igajymqdk\/ ,ckaomf tdkjcif;aMumihf ig\toHonf om,mjcif;r&Sd cRw, f iG ;f avNy/D [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmudk qdkavh&Sdaom jrwfpGmbk&m;\pum;awmfonfum; wpfrsdK; wzHkajymif;vJjcif;r&Sd? a[mawmfrlwdkif; rSefuef avonfwum;/ vnf w d k i f ? vuf a rmif ; ? a&T v uf a csmif ; i,f&, G Ef yk sKd pOftcgu ig\vnfwikd f onf a&Tc½koif;uJhodkY vnfyif;ta&wdkYjzihf wih f w ,f a usmh & S i f ; cJ h a v\/ ,ck a omf xd k vnfwdkifaMumhaMumhonf a[mif;EGrf;npfywf aeaom anmifa&tdk;uJhodkYwnf;/ i,f & G , f E k y sd K pOf t cgu ig\ vufarmif;ESpfzufwdkYonf tcsdK;ususyGwfcHí jyKjyif x m;aomwH c g;xd k i f c H k E S i h f w l u k e f o jzih f ajyjypfwihw f ,fcahJ y\/ ,ckaomf xdv k ufarmif; ESpzf ufwo Ykd nf aqG;ajrUaom ocGwu f ikd ;f ajcmuf ESihf wlayNyD/

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i,f&, G Ef yk sKd pOftcgu ig\vufacsmif; wdo Yk nf tajytjypf yGwcf í H xm;aom qifp, G f acsmif;i,fuav;rsm;ESihf wluek \ f / a&TvufpyG f wdjYk zihf qif,ifxm;ojzihf vSywifw h ,fcahJ y\/ ,ckaomf xdq k ifp, G v f ufacsmif;i,fuav;rsm; onf rHv k mOtjrpfEiS w hf u l ek \ f / vSyacsmah rGUjcif; um; r&SdawmhNyD/ [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmudk qdkavh&Sdaom jrwfpGmbk&m;\pum;awmfonfum; wpfrsdK; wzHkajymif;vJjcif;r&Sd? a[mawmfrlwdkif; rSefuef avonfwum;/ Nzd K ;Nzd K ;a&T & if i,f&G,fEkysdKpOftcgu ig\&ifom; tpHkwdkYonf jynfhjynfNh zKd ;NzKd ; vH;k avsmif;waygif; wnf;pkvsupf yfvsuf txufoaYkd rmufwufum wifhw,fcJhay\/ ,ckaomf xdka&T&ifNzdK;NzdK;wdkY onf a&ppftdyfa[mif;uJhodkY ½IHUwGum wGJ&GJus ukeNf y/D [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmudk qdkavh&Sdaom jrwfpGmbk&m;\pum;awmfonfum; wpfrsdK; wzHkajymif;vJjcif;r&Sd? a[mawmfrlwdkif; rSefuef avonfwum;/ aygif w H a jyajy? ajcqH o G , f o G , f

i,f&G,fEkysdKpOftcgu ig\aygifESpf bufwdkYonf qifESmarmif;ESihfwlukefojzifh wihfw,fajyavsmhcJhay\/ ,ckaomf xdkaygif ESpzf ufwo Ykd nf Ekyed af om0g;vH;k tqpfEiS fh wlay \/ i,f&, G Ef yk sKd pOftcgu ig\ajcovH;k ESpzf ufwo Ykd nf a&Tajcusi;f wdjYk zifh qif,ifrrG ;f rH um vSywifhw,fcJh\/ ,ckaomf xdkajcovHk; ESpfzufwdkYonf &dwfNyD;aom ESrf;½dk;ajcmufikwf wdkwkdESihf wlavNyD/ [kwfwkdif;rSefpGmudk qdkavh&Sdaom jrwfpGmbk&m;\pum;awmfonfum; wpfrsdK; wzHkajymif;vJjcif;r&Sd? a[mawmfrlwdkif; rSefuef avonfwum;/ tdkjcif;? aojcif;wdkYonf oHk;ESifav; yrmuyfvsuf &Sdaeonf/ vlom;tm;vHk;onf cE¨mig;yg;&xm;aomaMumifh wpfaeYaeYrSm tdk Mu&rnf/ emMu&rnf/ aoMu&rnf/ trÁygvD \xH k ; ud k ES v H k ; rl í td k a tmif v S a omtvS ? ematmifvaS omtvS? aoatmifvaS omtvS rsm;jzihf vSatmifjyifqifxm;Mu&rnf/ (ax&D a x&mygVd a wmf 0D o wd e d y gwf ) wuú o d k v f a &T q ih f

pmrsuf E S m 27 rS wpfqjl zpfawmfral om ]]aus;Zl;awmf&iS f rd;k ukwf q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;}} \ "r®&dyfomBuD;wGif q&mawmf b k & m;BuD ; \ ]]cE¨ m ÓPf a &muf w&m;awmf}} rsm;udk ESv;kH oGi;f í ½Irw S t f m;xkwf jcif;jzihf &ifwGif;rSmawmufavmufaeonhf aomutylr;D awGukd Nir§d ;f owfEikd cf ahJ vNy/D tck tcsdefrSmawmh w&m;tm;xkwf&m "r®m½HkBuD;\ cef;rtwGif;&Sd olrtwGuf owfrSwfay;xm; aom ae&mav;wGif rvIyfr,Suf NidrfoufpGm rsufvTmudkcsvsuf w&m;½IrSwfaeaom olr\ rsufESmav;onf "r®yDwdudk cHpm;cGifh&aeNyDrdkY yuwdMunfvif0if;yvsuf &SdaeayNyD/ wpfcsdef

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

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31

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

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vlom;wk\ Yd tawG;tac:ukd xl;jcm;pGmajymif;vJapaom u½kPm&Sif r[mvlom; ... jrwfA' k ¨ OD ; atmif x G w f ( &ef u k e f w uú o k d v f ) ,cif t ywf r S t quf tyk d i f ; (10) jrwf A k ' ¨ E S i h f jAm[® P yk P Ö m ;rsm; vl w ef ; pm;av;&yf tdE, d´ Ekid if w H iG f jrwfA'k ¨ yGiafh wmfrrlrD a&S;ya0oPDumvuyif vlwef;pm;av;&yf &SdcJhonf/ cwåd,? jAm[®P? a0ó? ok'´ wdkYjzpf onf/ jrefrmvkd rif;? ykPÖm;? ol<u,f? qif;&J om; [k ac:onf/ cwå, d (rif;) wdrYk mS tkycf sKyf ol vlwef;pm;rsm;jzpf\/ rif;{u&mZfrStp rif;rIxrf;i,frsm;txd yg0ifygonf/ jAm[®P ac: ykPÖm;wdkYrSm bmoma&;0efxrf;rsm;jzpf onf / ynm&S i f B uD ; rsm; rif ; wd k i f y if t rwf (yka&m[dwf) ponfwdkY jzpf\/ a&S;ya0oPDrS ,ckacwftcsdefxd jAm[®Pmbmom (aemif[dE´Lbmom) onf tdE´d,bmoma&;jzpf\/ orkid ;f wpfavQmuf jAm[®Pbmomu ae&m,l cJhonf/ jAm[®Pbmom\ jrpfzsm;cH&monf a0'usrf ; rsm;\/ a0'bmom[k ac:qk d Ek d i f o nf / a0'bmom\tES p f o m&rS m ,ZfylaZmfjcif; jzpf\/ a0'bmom&Sd ewf wdkYonf Ak'¨bmom&Sd ewfrsm;xuf tqaygif; rsm;pGm rsm;jym;onf/ xkdewfwdkYukd ylaZmf&m wm0ef c H r sm;rS m jAm[® P wd k Y o mjzpf \ / aemufyidk ;f umvrsm;wGif tajctae tavsmuf rif ; q&mrsm;? ynm&S i f r sm;txd us,f j yef Y vmonf/ acwf t quf q uf tay:pD ; &ol r sm; cwå d , ES i h f jAm[® P wd k Y r S m ork d i f ; wpfavQmuf wpfjyefwpfvJ tay:pD;&olrsm; jzpfonf/ &Hcg cwåd,wdkYu tay:pD;&\/ &Hcg jAm[®PwdkYu tay:pD;&\/ a,bk,stm;jzihf cwåd,wdkYu txufpD;&onf/ xkdvlwef;pm; ESpf&yfonf rnfonhftcgwGifrQ atmufqkH; tqihfodkY ra&mufcJhay/ a0ówdkYrSm olaX;ol<u,fukefonf rsm;jzpf\/ jynh0f rf;Aku d jf zpf\/ vlvwfwef;pm; [k ac:Ek d i f o nf / ok ' ´ w d k Y u m; qif ; &J o m; atmufajcvlwef;pm;rsm;jzpfonf/ rnfonhf acwf u mvwG i f r Q txuf w ef ; pm;b0od k Y ra&mufcJholrsm;wnf;/

þokdY trsKd;av;yg;cGJjcm;rI (Caste System) pepf[kac:onf/ þpepft& trsKd; Zmwfwpfckonf tjcm;trsKd;ZmwfwpfckESihf ra&mpyf&? vufxyfjcif;rjyK&/ t,l t onf ; qk H ; vl r sm; vl w ef ; pm;av;&yf t euf t,l tonf ; qk H ; rS m jAm[® P yk P Ö m ;wd k Y j zpf o nf / jAm[®PwpfOD;jzpfap&ef t"dut&nftcsif; ES p f c k & S d & onf / yxrt&nf t csif ; rS m jA[®mBuD; \cHwGif;rS arG;zGm;vmolrsm;jzpf\/ 'kwd,rSmaqGckepfqufwdkifwdkif tjcm;Zmwf0if olrsm;ESihf ra&m,SufaoG;raESmbJ oefYpif&\/ ¤if;wdkYom jAm[®PtppfjzpfMuonf/ jAm[® P wd k Y u jrwf A k ' ¨ E S i h f w ynh f om0uwdkYtm; ESdrfonhftcsufwpfck&Sdao; onf/ Ak'¨ESihf&[ef;wdkYrSm jA[®mBuD;\ajczrkd;rS arG;zGm;vmolrsm;jzpfonf[laom tcsufjzpf \/ (a&SUwGif xif&Sm;vmygvdrfhrnf) Zmwf p epf u k d tOD ; qk H ; acszsuf jrwfAk'¨onf Zmwfpepfukd t<uif;rJh y,fzsufonf/ rdrdukd,fwdkif xdyfqkH;cwåd,rsKd;rS arG;zGm;vmcJhaomfvnf; ous[laom ta&cGH ukd taemfrmaomif,HwGifyif pGefYy,fxm;cJhNyD/ bk&m;tjzpfodkYa&mufaomfum; ajymzG,fr&Sd? Ak'¨omoemwGif rif;rsKd;? ykPÖm;rsKd;? ol<u,frsKd;? olqif;&JrsK;d [lír&S/d ousyw k å bk&m;om;awmf [laom trnfwpfrsKd;om&Sdonf/ trsKd;Zmwf tvkduf *kPf&nfowfrSwfrIr&Sd/ jAm[®PEG,f0if t&Sifom&dykwå&m ESihf t&Sifarm*¾vmefwdkYtm; t*¾om0u&mxl; ay;jcif;onf trsKd;tEG,fESihfrqkdif/ oHo&m wpf a vQmuf jznh f q nf ; yl ; cJ h a om yg&rD

tavsmuf ay;jcif;omjzpf\/ jAm[®PEG,f0if touftBuD;qkH; t&Sifaum@nrax&fBuD; onfyif þ&mxl;rsKd;r&&SdcJh/ t&SiftEk½k'¨g ponhfomuDrif;om;wdkY omoemhabmif0if a&muf v maomf cwå d , rmef ousrmef wuf r nf p k d ; í qwå m onf j zpf a om Oygvd aemuf r S o m &[ef ; jyKcG i h f & Muonf / Oygvd o nf aemif t cg 0d e nf ; t&mü tjrwf q k H ; {w'*f b G J U &cJ h o nf / tdE´d,bmoma&;orkdif;wGif Zmwf pepfukd wdkufzsufcJhaom u,fwif&SifBuD;ESpfyg; ay:aygufcJhonf/ wpfyg;rSm jrwfAk'¨jzpfí tjcm;wpfyg;rSm r[m0D&ac: *sdef;bmom uk d wnf a xmif o l j zpf \ / r[m0D & onf Ak ' ¨ x uf (13)ES p f a pmonf / ol Y t m; ygVd usrf;*efrsm;ü ed*@em#ykwå[k azmfjyxm; onf / ,aeYwkdif Zmwfpepfukd zufwG,f xm;olrsm;rSm jAm[®PwdkYomjzpf\/ jrwfAk'¨ onf xkdtpGJtvef;BuD;ukd rnfuJhodkY wGef;vSef NzKd z suf c J h & aMumif ; ajc&maumuf o abmrQ wif j yí jrwf A k ' ¨ \ r[mu½k P mawmf u k d rD;armif;xk;d jyygrnf/ jrwf A k ' ¨ E S i h f rmecJ t rÁ | vk v if Ak'¨pmayüawGU&Sd&onhf jAm[®PwdkY teuf rmefrmetcufxefqkH;rSm trÁ|vkvif jzpf\/ trÁ|onf t&G,fuvnf; i,f\/ ynmuvnf; twwfqkH;jzpf\/ ol\q&m aygu©&omwdyP k mÖ ;Bu;D rSm aumovrif;Bu;D \ q&mjzpf\/ aygu©&omwdyP k mÖ ;Bu;D cs;D ajrm§ uf xm;oljzpfojzihfvnf; þodkY rmefrmecufxef [ef&Sdonf/

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"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

wpfaeYwGif jrwfAk'¨onf aumov wdkif;twGif; c&D;&SnfvSnhfvnfonf/ Ouú|NrKdU teD; £päme*FvawmwGif acwåoDwif;okH; onf/ rif;q&m aygu©&momwd ykPmÖ ;Bu;D onf jrwfAk'¨*kPfowif;ukd a&S;rqGuyif Mum;zl;ol jzpf \ / od k Y a omf jAm[® P EG , f 0 if v nf ; jzpf rif;q&mvnf;jzpfojzihf rmefwif;um Ak'¨xH rcsOf;uyf/ jrwfAk'¨ olaexkdif&m Ouú|NrKdUokdY a&mufaomtcg olraeEkdifawmh/ olawmf aumif;"mwf&SdolyDyD Ak'¨tm; zl;awGUvdkonf/ odaYk omf Ak'o ¨ nf olox d m;aom vu©Pmawmf Bu;D 32 yg;ESijfh ynhpf o Hk nf? rjynhpf o Hk nfudk OD;pGm odvo dk nf/ vu©PmawmfBu;D 32 yg;ESifh jynhpf Hk rSom bk&m;jzpfEkdifonf/ Ak'¨onf bk&m;[lí ausmfapmaeonf/ trSefwu,f bk&m;[kwf r[kwf odvkdonf/ xkdtaMumif;pkHprf;ap&ef trÁ|tm; Ak'¨xH apvTwfonf/ trÁ|onf vkvifrsm;pGm&Hí Ak'¨xH oGm;onf/ awmtkyftwGif; Ak'¨oDwif;okH;&m ausmif;teD;odaYk &mufvmaomtcg ,mOf&xm; ay:rSqif;um ausmif;awmfodkY oGm;onf/ &[ef;rsm;\ñTeMf um;csut f & Ak'o ¨ w D if;ok;H &m ausmif;awmf (*E¨uk#D)odkY oGm;NyD; wHcg;ukd jznf;n§if;pGmacgufonf/ Ak'¨u ukd,fawmfwdkif wHcg;zGihfay;NyD; oDwif;okH;NrJae&mxufwGif wifyv’ifacG xkdifaeawmfrlonf/ rck d ; rcef Y v k y f w wf o l trÁ|onf jrwfAk'¨tm; t½kdtao jyK&aumif;rSe;f rod? Ak'a¨ &SUwGif rck;d rcefY vl;vm acgufjyefavQmuf&if; pum;ajymonf/ jrwfA'k ¨ u- ]]trÁ|? oif[m oihfq&mjAm[®PawGESihf pum;ajym&mrSmvnf; onfvdkyJ vrf;avQmuf &if;? xkid &f if;? &yf&if;ajymovm;}} [k ar;onf/ trÁ|u ]]t&Sifa*gwr? jAm[®P tcsif;csif;pum;ajym&ifawmh xkdifol xkdifol csif;? &yfol&yfolcsif;? oGm;ol oGm;olcsif;om ajymygonf? oifvkd uwkH;OD;jynf;Zmwfedrfh tom;rnf;NyD; jAm[®PBuD;&JUajczrkd;u arG;zGm; ol &[ef;nHhwdkYESihfrl ,ck oifa*gwrESihf uREkfyf pum;ajymqk d o nh f t aetxm;rsKd ; jzif h o m ajymqkdygonf}} [k ajymMum;onf/ rvd r f r k d ; rvd r ® m trÁ | jrwf A k ' ¨ o nf trÁ | \rmef r meuk d odawmfrl\/ xkdYaMumihf olYwynhfrsm;buf vSnhfí ]]vkvifwdkY? trÁ|[m rvdrfrdk;rvdr®m jzpfygvsuf olYukd,fol vdr®m,Ofaus;ol[k xifrSwfae\? wu,fawmh trÁ|rSm rvdr®m ao;onfuvGJí wjcm;bmtaMumif;rQr&Sd

acs}} [k rdefYonf/ trÁ|onf olYtm; rvdrfrdk;rvdr®m ajym&ygrnfvm;[k ,rf;ykHrD;usjzpfawmhonf/ Ak'¨u olYtm; ol\aemufvkdufrsm;a&SUwGif apmfum;avjcif;[k tcJrausjzpfoGm;onf/ xkdYaMumifh jrwfAk'¨tm;- ol\aemufvkdufrsm; a&S U wG i f apmf u m;avjcif ; [k tcJ r aus jzpfomG ;onf/ xkdYaMumihf jrwfAk'¨tm;]]&[ef;a*gwr? ousEG,fawG[m cufxefMu\? Murf;wrf;Mu\? pdwo f abmxm; ao;Ekwf\? ,kwfnHh\? Zmwfedrhfrsm;jzpfygvsuf jAm[®PwdkYukd ½kdao&rSef;rod? tav;*½krjyK Mu/ rjrwfE;dk Mu? rylaZmfMu}} ponfjzihf trsK;d rsK;d apmfum;awmhonf/ jrwfAk'¨- ]]trÁ|? oif[m ukd,hftrsKd;? ukd,fh tEG,fukda&m od&JUvm;}} [k ar;\/ trÁ | - ]]uREkfyf[m uPStEG,frsKd;jzpf\/}} Ak'¨ - ]]trÁ|? rsKd;½kd;pOfqufukd avhvmwJh tcg ouswdkYuom t&Sifocifjzpf\? oif[m uRefr&JUom;jzpfw,fqkdwmaum od&JUvm;}} [k rdefY\/ trÁ | onf pum;wk e f Y j yef r jyK/ cyfrqdwaf e\/ jrwfA'k o ¨ nf trÁ|tm; rsK;d EG,f wdkYqif;oufvmykHukd &Sif;jyonf/ a&S;tcgu Mouúmu&mZfrif; [lí &So d nf/ Mouúmu&mZfrif;Bu;D onf olrY zd &k m;Bu;D tm; vGefpGmjrwfEkd;\/ rdzk&m;BuD;u olr\ om;awmftm; xD;eef;vTJtyfay;yg&ef ylqm\/ rif;BuD;u xD;eef;vTJray;rD om;awmfBuD;av; a,muftm; ab;tEÅ&m,fuif;ap&ef wdik ;f jynf rS ESifxkwfvkduf\/ olwdkYonf [dr0EÅmawmif apmif; a&uefBuD;teD; uRef;awm (omu)wGif aeMuonf / rsKd ; ½k d ; aoG ; aES m rcH v d k M uojzih f olwdkY\ESrrsm;ESihf aygif;oif;aexkdifMuonf/ xkt d aMumif; rif;Bu;D Mum;odaomtcg ]]rif;om; awG[m wwfEkdifMuygay&JU}} (ous0w abm ukrm&m? ousm0w abm ukrm&m) [k O'gef; usL;onf/ xkdtcsdefrSpí ous (uRef;awmrSm arG;zGm;olrsm;) rsKd;EG,frsm;jzpfay:vmMuonf/ þum; jrwfAk'¨&Sif;jyaom ous rsKd ; EG , f w d k Y ay:ayguf v myk H j zpf \ / Ak ' ¨ u qufvufí trÁ|\rsK;d EG,t f pukd þodYk &Si;f jy jyef o nf / Mouú m u&mZf r if ; BuD ; wG i f 'd o mac: uRef r wpf a ,muf & S d o nf / 'd o muuPS a c: om;wpf a ,muf z G m ; onf/ uPSonf rdcif0rf;rS uRwfvQifyif pum;ajym\/ xk d Y a Mumih f ol Y t m; uPS (bDvl;o&J)[k ac:Mu\/ xkduPSonfyif

uPS r sKd ; EG , f w d k Y \ tOD ; tp bk d ; ab;jzpf onf / od k Y j zpf í trÁ | onf uRef r sKd ; uRef E G , f r S qif ; ouf v mol j zpf o nf [ k rd e f Y M um;onf / þwGif trÁ|\aemufygrsm;u rcH r&yfEidk jf zpfMu\/ Ak't ¨ m; ]]t&Siaf *gwr? trÁ| ukd uRefrom;[k rESdrfhcsygESihf/ trÁ|onf rsK;d aumif;½k;d aumif;jzpf\/ A[kow k <u,f0\/ ynmwwf\/ pum;aumif;ukdqkd\/ t&Sif a*gwrESifh pum;zufNyKid af jymEkid yf g\}} [k qkMd u onf/ Ak'¨u vkvifwdkYtm; þodkYrdefY\/ ]]vkvifwdkY oifwdkYu trÁ|[m rsKd;½kd;nHhol A[kokwacgif;yg;ol? ynmrJhol? pum;aumif; rajymol[k ,lqMuu oifwdkYukd,fwdkif igESihf pum;qkyd g/ tu,fí trÁ|[m oifwaYkd jymwJh twdkif; rsKd;½kd;aumif;ol? A[kokw<u,f0ol? ynmwwfol? pum;aumif;ukdomqkdwwfol[k ,lqvQifawmh olukd,fwkdifyif igESihfpum;qkd ygap}} [k rdefY\/ aemufygvkvifwdkYu trÁ|tm; Ak'¨ ESihfpum;qkd&ef wkdufwGef;Mu\/ trÁ|url pum;rajym? wkPSDabmae\/ Ak'¨u trÁ|tm; ]]b,fvkdvJ trÁ|? ,ck usKd;aMumif;ckdifvkHaomar;cGef;a&mufvm NyD? oifrajzvkduvnf; ajz&rnfomjzpf\? rajzbJ aeonfjzpfap? pum;vSD;vTJonfjzpf ap? ae&mrSxGufcGmoGm;onfjzpfap? þae&m wGifyif oihfOD;acgif;ckepfpdwfuGJawmhrnf/ ]]b,fvkdvJ trÁ|? oufBuD;&G,ftkd? oih f q &mtquf q uf u uPS r sKd ; EG , f t p b,foif;u? uPSwdkY\bkd;ab;tp rnfolu [k oifhukdrajymcJhbl;vm;}} [k ar;jref;onf/ trÁ|onf qdwfqdwfyifae\/ xkd tcsd e f w G i f od M um;rif ; a&muf & S d v mNyD ; Ncdrf;ajcmufrS tavsmhay;um Ak'¨ukd,fwdkif ajzMum;ay;yg&ef 0efcHonf/ trÁ | od v k d o rQjyo jrwfAk'¨onf trÁ|\ rsKd;½kd;tpukd aocsm*e &Sif;jy\/ trsKd;rSeforQwGif cwåd, wdo Yk m tjrwfq;Hk jzpfaMumif; rdeMYf um;\/ xkjYd yif 0dZÆm[laomtod? p&P[laom tusihfw&m; rsm;ESihf pyfvsOf;ívnf; &Sif;vif;a[mMum; awmfrlonf/ olYq&m aygu©&omwdykPÖm;BuD; u olt Y m; pkpH rf;ckid ;f onhf 32 yg;aom vu©Pm awmfwdkYudkvnf; Ak'¨u trÁ| rawmif;qkdbJ tvdktavsmufjyoawmfrlonf/ pmrsuf E S m 36 ok d Y

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

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aomwmyef q&mawmf OD ; eE´ ol a wmf o l j rwf NrJ q nf ; uyf í rS w f r S w f o m;om; w&m;ud k e m jzLpG E S v H k ; wpf a jzmih f o H k ; í tm;opf u sih f j yef aomwmyef j zpf & ef t*F g aMumif ; av;jzm wnf ; / 1/ olawmfoljrwfwdkYudk tNrJrjywf qnf;uyf yg/ aqG;aEG;yg/ 2/ rSwfrSwfom;om; w&m;udkem,lyg/ w&m; pmzwfyg/ 3/ q&morm;u ar;jref;wJhtcg odvQifod w,f/ rodvQif rodbl;[k trSeftwdkif; ajzyg/ 4/ vdkvdkcsifcsif r&ç &atmif tm;xkwfrnf[k pdwfxm;í tm;xkwfyg/ (þt*Fgav;yg;ESihf nDñGwfvQif aomwmyefjzpfEkdifonf/) (u) okwr,ÓPf? pdEÅmr,ÓPf? bm0em r,ÓPf[k avhvmavhusihf&ef 3 yg;/ (c) onmod- 0dnmOfod-ynmod/ avhvm tm;xkwfaomtcg &rnfhtodÓPf 3 yg;/ (u) okwr,ÓPfjzpfa&;twGuf w&m;udk rSwfrSwfom;om; em,lyg/ w&m;pmudk rSwfrd atmif zwf y g/ w&m;ud k rS w f r d a omtcg (onmodjzpfawmh\) (c) pdEÅmr,ÓPfjzpfa&;twGuf rdrdem,lrSwf om;xm;aom w&m;awmf\ qdkvdk&dyft"dyÜg,f udk pdwfü ay:vGifívmatmif tBudrfBudrf BuHpnfpOf;pm;í Munhfaeyg/ w&m;awmf\ qkdvdk&dyf t"dyÜg,fudk pdwfrSmxif&Sm;pGm odvm aomtcg (0dnmOfodjzpfawmh\) (*) bm0emr,ÓPfjzpfa&;twGuf rdrdpdwf ü od x m;aom xd k w &m;awmf w d k Y \ ñGefMum;csuf twdkif; Budrfzefrsm;pGm yGm;rsm; tm;xkwfíaeyg/ w&m;awmfwkdY\ ñTefMum; csuftwdkif; Budrfzefrsm;pGm yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf aeaomtcg avmuü&SMd uukeaf om ½kyo f bm 0? emrfobm0 w&m;wdkY\ jzpfaMumif; tajc tjrpfupí csKyfaMumif;wdkYtxd (tukefod aom ynmÓPfonf jzpfay:ívmum qif;&J taygif ; rS vG w f a jrmuf & ayawmh v wå H U / ('gaMumif h aomwmyef j zpf c sif v Qif a&S U u a&;cJw h t hJ wdik ;f nDñw G af tmif usiBfh uBH uKd ;ukwf tm;xkwfMuyg/) tu,fí ,ckb0rSmyif aomwm

yefrsm;jzpfcv hJ Qif aevnf;aewwfNy/D aovnf; aowwf N yD / &wemoH k ; yg;ud k v nf ; txl ; MunfnKd wwfygNy/D ig;yg;oDvwdu Yk v kd nf; vHo k mG ; ayNyD/ tyg,fav;yg;udkvnf; b,fawmhrS ra&muf&awmhNyD/ b0oHo&mqif;&JawGvnf; trsm;BuD ; avsmh o G m ;NyD / 0d y óemw&m;ud k qufvufí jyif;jyif;xefxef tm;rxkwfbJ aeawmifrS aocgeD;ü uyfíESfdyfpufwJh qif;&J udk ½INyD;vQif aomwmyefrS ou'g*grfponf jzihf tqifq h ifw h ufNy;D vQif y&deAd mÁ efp&H ygawmh vwåHUwJh/ 'gaMumihf £arp okb'´bdu©L or®m 0d[a&,sHK-tokanmavmaum-t&[aEÅ[d tó/ okb'´ þomoemawmfü &[ef;wdkY onf aumif;pGm(rSefuefpGm)usihfukefjim;tHh/ avmuü &[EÅmwdkYonf rqdwfokOf;EkdifwJh/ 'Dawmh aomwmyefjzpf&efom ta&;BuD;ay onf/ aomwmyefjzpf&efuvnf; ,xmblwH ÓPm,ow¬my&da,odwaAÁm/ [k w f w d k i f ; rS e f p G m od a tmif j yEk d i f a om q&mudk&SmygwJh/ pmay&JU tqdkuawmh jrwfpGm bk&m;xHrS tusihfudk&EkdifvQif taumif;qHk; ygyJ w J h / jrwf p G m bk & m;xH r S r&Ek d i f v Qif vuf a wG U &S d M uaom &[EÅ m xH r S ? xd k Y a emif tem*grf ? xd k Y a emif ou'g*grf ? xd k Y a emif aomwmyef ? xd k Y a emif psmef & / (ud k , f w k d i f vufawGU&Sdaomolrsm;onf olrsm;udkvnf;

awG U atmif j yEk d i f r nf j zpf y gonf ) xd k Y a emif vufawGUr&Sad pumrl ygVdawmft|uxm #Dum wdkYudk arTaESmufoHk;oyf nd§EdIif;í jyEkdifaom q&mrsm;xH enf;cHítm;xkwf&rnf[k qdkxm; ygonf / 'D a wmh 'd k Y a cwf u b,f o l [ m aomwmyefyJ? ou'g*grfponfjzihf od&efcuf cJwJhacwfqdkawmh ygVdt|uxm#DumwdkYudk arT aESmufnd§EdIif;í jyqdkEkdifaom v,fwD? r[m pnf? rdk;ukwf? zm;atmufpwJh q&mawmfBuD; rsm;xH enf;cHí tm;xkwMf u&rnfjzpfawmh \/ 'd k Y r sm;vnf ; wpf c sKd U q&mawmf B uD ; rsm;xH vufxyf enf;cHívnf;aumif;? wpfcsKdU q&m awmfBuD;rsm;\ a&;awmfrlMuukefaom usihfpOf pmtkyfrsm;udkMunhfívnf;aumi;f tm;xkwfcJh &\/ ÓPfyGihfcJh&\/ 'gaMumihf xdkq&mawmf BuD;rsm;\ usihfpOfwdkYudk OD;xdyfxm;vsuf rdrd tm;xkwfcJhwJh wpfoEÅmeftwGif;ü awGU&Sdcsuf wdkYudkvnf; aemifa,m*Drsm;twGuf tultnD &atmif[k tm½HkjyKvsuf azmfxkwfí a&;vdkuf &ygawmhonf/ Ak ' ¨ b mom0if ol a wmf a umif ; taygif ; wd k Y o nf 0 d y óemw&m;awmf u d k tm;xkwfjzpfzdkYom ta&;BuD;ygonf/ tu,f í tm;xkwfjzpfcJhaomf wpfpwpfpESihf w&m; awmf u qG J a qmif o G m ;í vd k & myef ; wd k i f o d k Y a&mufEidk af vawmh\/ 'gaMumihf rdrw d EYkd iS fh eD;pyf &m w&m;&dyfom wpfckodkY0ifí tm;xkwfjzpf

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"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

atmif tm;xkwMf uprf;yg/ tm;xkwjf zpfcv hJ Qif awmh yxrajcvSr;f atmifNy[ D k rSwyf g/ aemuf qufí tm;xkwfyg rsm;vmaomtcg cE¨m udk,fwGif;u ½kyfobm0 emrfobm0wdkYudk wpf p ES i h f w pf p awG U í vmygvd r h f r nf / tJ'Dtcg tm;xkwfcsifwJhpdwfonf wdk;wufí tm;xkwf vmygvdrrhf nf/ 'Dawmh tm;xkwaf v pd w f w nf Nid r f r I &wJ h orm"d c srf ; omud k awG U &vd r h f r nf / 'D o rm"d c srf ; omud k v nf ; awGUvdkufa&m pdwf[m tm;xkwfwJh bufudk tm;oef í vmygvd r f h r nf / 'D a wmh tm;xk w f a v orm"d c srf ; omawG U av/ orm"d c srf ; omawG U av tm;xk w f a vES i h f Mumawmh ½kyfemrfwdkY\ jzpfysufwdkYudk jrifaom 0dyóemÓPfonf jzpfay:ívm&awmh\/

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awGUcJhaomf aemiftm;xkwfMurnfh a,m*Drsm; twG u f tul t nD & Ek d i f a tmif [ k v,f w D ur®|mef;usrf; Moyae,sdu*kPfawmf tzGihfü (psmeftbdnmOfr*fzdkvfw&m;&Sdolonf igYrSm psmefw&m;&Sd\/ igYrSm tbdnmOfw&m; &Sd\/ igYrSm r*fw&m;&Sd\/ igYrSm zdkvfw&m;&Sd\ [lí yk*¾dKvfESihf w&m;uyfí jyxdkufonf) [k a&;í wd k u f w G e f ; xm;ygonf / 'gaMumih f rd r d w d k Y awGU&SdcsufwdkYudk EIwfjzihfvnf;aumi;f? pmjzihf vnf;aumif; rxdefcsefbJ vufqihfurf;awmf rlEkdifMuygapownf;/ usrf ; ud k ; y&d e d A Á m eok w f v,f w D u r® | mef ; usrf ; BuD ; OD ; eE´

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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS "r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

37

[if;opf&Guf opfoD;pm;í qifEGm;wdkY tm;&SdonfhES,f cifolZmjrifh

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

38

"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ pmusuf&ef EdI;rdonhftcgwkdif; ÓPftajrmft jrifBu;D rm;vSaom rdcifBu;D \apwemarwåmudk &ifESifhrqefY MunfEl;pGmcHpm;rdygonf/ rdcifBu;D \ bk&m;&Scd ;kd Ny;D wdik ;f trQa0 oH qkawmif;oHrsm;udk i,fb0u aocsmpGm em;rvnfEdkifcJhyg/ toufBuD;vmonfESifhtrQ OD;aESmuftodjzihf rdcifBuD;\om;orD;tay: xm;&Sad om apwemarwåmESihf oGeo f ifq;kH rjcif; rsm;jzpfygvm;[laomtodudk &&SdcJh&ygonf/ om;orD;rsm;tm; o&P*Hw k nfapvdk jcif;? ig;yg;oDvawmfjrwfukd vHNk cKH pmG apmifx h ed ;f apvdkjcif;/ teaEÅmteEÅ*dkPf;0ifrdbrsm;\ aus;Zl;*kPu f kd odrw S af pvdjk cif; ponh&f nf&, G f csurf sm; yg0ifaeonfukd owdjyKrv d m&ygonf/ aumif;aomt,l? rSefuefaomtusihfrsm;udk vdkufemwwfatmif qHk;raejcif;yifjzpfygawmh onf/ tm;vyfonhftcsdefwkdif; ig;yg;oDv ESifh ywfoufaom tusKd ;tjypfrsm;udk azmfxw k f ñTefMum;ay;aom bk&m;a[ma&S;edygwfyHk0w¬K rsm;pGmudk pdw&f n S v f uf&n S af jymjywwfjcif;tm; jzihf uRefrwdkY\ udk,fusihfoDvrysufap&ef twGuf tvGef*½kwpdkuf owdxm;aexdkifcJhMu &ygonf/ rdcifBuD;rSm aus;vuf\½dk;&m"avh xHk;pHtwkdif; &GmOD;bkef;awmfBuD;ausmif;wGif pmoifMum;cJ&h pOf bke;f awmfBu;D \ wif;MuyfvS aom pnf ; urf ; rsm; oG e f o if q H k ; rrI r sm;ud k aumif;pGm twdtusvkdufemoif,lrSwfom;cJh oljzpfygonf/ uRefrrSm rdcifBuD;\ ]]tdyf&m0if yHkjyif}} rsm;udk ,ckxufwkdif owd&vGrf;qGwf vsuf&Sdygonf/ wcgw&H i,fpOfu ararhqkawmif; udk em;rvnfjzpfrd&ygonf/ ]]ararhES,f rcspf rESpo f ufwo hJ rl sm; rawGUcsiaf &Smifaevdu k ½f akH yhg? bmcJ,Of;wmrSwfvdkY}} [lí uRefr\pdwf0,f apm'uwuf cJhrdygonf/ ,cktcgürlum;? rdrducspfcifyg vsuf twlwrl ae&aomqif;&J? rcspyf gbJvsuf rkef;olrsm;ESihf twlwlae&aomqif;&Jrsm;udk aumif;pGmem;vnfvufcHEdkifcJhrdygNyD/ rdrdu cspfcifae&aomolrsm;onf rdrdtwGuf wcg w&H ylyifaomursm;udk yGm;apwwfaom ]]'ku© rD;rsm;}} o,faqmifvmwwfMuolrsm; jzpfouJh od k Y ? rd r d t m; rcspf r ES p f o uf a omol r sm;rS m a&Smifae½HkESihfrNyD;yg/ xdkolrsm;u rdrdtwGuf rnfírnfrQtEÅ&m,fay;Edik af Mumif;? 'kua© y;Edik f aMumif; jyóemaygif;rsm;pGm\t&if;tjrpfudk xdkolrsm;uomvQif aphaqmfaqmif&GufMujcif; jzpfonf[al om rSeu f efjcif;vufawGUo½kyrf sm;

pGm awGUBuHKcHpm;vmcJh&ygonf/ ]]aMomf . .ih g araru 'h g aMumif h cspfwJholeJY aygif;&ygapvdkYvJqkrawmif;bl;? rcspfrESpfoufwJholrsm;ESifhrawGU&? rqHkqnf;& ygapeJ?Y olawmfaumif;rsm;ESio fh m awGUqH&k ygap vdkY qkawmif;xm;wmudk;..}} [k rdcifBuD;\ &nf&, G cf sut f rSeu f kd odjrifvmcJ&h Ny;D qkawmif; ol rdcifBuD;\cH,lcsuf ÓPf&nfÓPfaoG;udk av;pm;*kPf,lrdygonf/ arwåmw&m;t&if;cHxm;um vlwidk ;f tay:wGif apwemxm;oabmxm;BuD;Edkifol rdcifBu;D \ ]]xm0&opömw&m;rsm;}} rSm uRerf wdYk twk,lwwfap&eftwGuf &nf&G,fcsufrsm;ESifh om ajymqdkvkyfudkifwwfonhf uRefr\arar/ uRefr 5 wef;ESpf? 10 ESpforD;t&G,f wGif tpfrBu;D BuKd iu f rauG;wkid ;f wGif odyyHÜ xr qk&&SdNyD; taxmuftyHhpwdkifyif&&SdcJhonf/ tpd k ; &ynmawmf o if q k t jzpf rEÅ a v;Nrd K U trsdK;orD;txufwef;ausmif;wGif wufcGifh&&Sd cJhygonf/ ]]rrBuD;udk vGrf;vdkYvkdufcJhyg&ap..}} [k ylqmonhu f Rerf udak c:um rEÅav;? jynf ul;wdkYtpkeftqefoabFmjzihf rEÅav;&Sd tpfrBuD;xHoGm;cJhMuygonf/ tjyefwGif uRefr wdkY pD;vmaom oabmFmpufcef;rS pwifí rD ; avmif y gawmh o nf / ajy;Mu? vT m ;Mu? atmf[pfidk,dkMuESifh qlnHaeygonf/ a&v,f acgifwiG f rD;avmifaeaom oabFmtm; rnfoYkd rD;Nidrf;owfygrnfenf;/ ajy;p&majrr&SdEdkifay/ xdt k cdseu f uRerf tarhowd? tarhowå?d tarh tm;rmef? tarharwåm? tarhpGrf;yum;rsm;rSm trsm;olig ajymprSwfjzpfcJh&ygonf/ a&vnf w G i f r D ; avmif a eaom oabFmESihfeD;aom qDrD;cHk (qNrdwfcHk&Gm) rS avSi,frsm;jzihf ul;vmMuNy;D oabFmay:&Sd 'ku© onfrsm;udk u,fwifMuygonf/ uRefrwdkY Ak'¨ bmom jrefrmvlrsdK;rsm;\ 'kua© &mufaeolrsm; tay: tpGr;f ukeaf pwemxm;ulnaD pmihaf &Smuf cJhMuonhfjrifuGif;udk BuHKawGUcJh&onhfuRefr,cktcg ]]igwdkYArmvlrsdK;awG&JUpdwf"mwf[m tifrwefcspfp&maumif;vSygvm;? tifrwef jrifjh rwfvyS gvm;}} [laom todpdwf"mwfjzihf rsm;pGm *kPf,lrdygawmhonf/ u,fwifrnhaf vSi,fav;rsm; a&muf rvmcif oabFmtay:xyfrSm raeEdkifavmuf atmif tyl&edS [ f yfaeNyjD zpfygonf/ a&ul;wwf olrsm;tm;vHk; a&xJckefqif;Muygawmhonf/

39

uRefr\araru uRefrudk yckuúLapmifjzihf taotcsmcsDydk;um {&m0wDjrpfa&twGif;odkY ckefqif;cJhygonf/ araru a&ul;? a&ikyf? a&azmh? tvGefuRrf;usifoljzpfygonf/ teD;odkY a&muf&v dS maom u,fq,fa&;avSi,fuav; \ avSeH&HudkzufwG,fxm;vkdkuf&if;.. ]][drk mS arsmygvmwJh tartdu k kd t&if avSay:a&mufatmif u,fwifay;yg}} [k a&wGiaf rsmygvmolukd yxrOD;pGm u,fwifay; cdkif;cJhonhf arar? avSeH&HudkzufwG,fxm;&Sm onhfarar? ararhudkMunhfum avSay:rS vl trsm; tHhMocsD;usL;Muygonf/ rdrdtoufab; ESihf BuHKawGUae&csdefrSmyif olwpfyg;toufudk u,fwifapcJo h l rdcifBu;D \ pGr;f aqmifrv I yk &f yf udk uRerf \i,fEak om tonf;ESv;kH rSmyif pGx J if usef&pfaeapcJyh gonf/ rdcifBu;D \ ulnw D wf aom apwem? ud, k cf si;f pmw&m;? pmemaxmuf xm;wwfaom pdwf"mwfrsm;udk tm;us*kPf,l rd&if; rMumcP]]igu 'DvdkrS vkyfEdkifyhgrvm;..¿}} [l a omoH o ,tawG ; rsm;jzih f rd r d u k d , f r d r d ar;MunhfcJhrdonfrSm tBudrfaygif;rsm;pGmyg/ avmuü rajymbJ E S i h f o d a om t&mrS m ]]arwå m }} omvQif j zpf y gonf / om;orD ; rsm; twG u f a&S U aqmif v rf ; jy arwåm&Sifarar\ ]]arwåmprf;a&}} rsm;rSm om;pOfajr;quf xm0& pD;qif;aeaprnf jzpfygonf/ ]]avmuudk tvSqifyHk}} rsm;udk yDjyifpmG azmfMuL;wwfcahJ om vkyaf qmifcsurf sm; rSmvnf; ½dk;pif;vSygaomfvnf; uRerf ESv;kH tdrf 0,f tNrpJ x JG ifvsuf rSwo f m;em,lvufcH usio fh ;kH &ef BuKd ;pm;cJyh gonf/ uRefr\rdcif? xdkYaemuf.uRefr? xdkY aemuf rdcif..rdcifaygif;rsm;pGmwdkYonf rdrdwdkY om;orD ; rsm;ud k vuf q ih f u rf ; twk , l z G , f aumif;aom? jrihjf rwfaom tarGrsm;udk ay;ae MuOD;rSmyifjzpfygawmhonf/ þpmpkjzihf ]]rdb}} taygif;tm; &Sdcdk; OD;ñGwyf al Zmftyfygonf/ ouf y d k i f N id r f ; (½k u © a A')

12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 12345678901234567890123456789012123456 VISION OF THE DHAMMA

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(4) tuú K a'¨ g oC&H {wd ? obm,H y#d e E´ d a wm ÓwDeH Owåarma[mwd? a,mrdwåmeH e'kAÇwd/ taqGcifyGef;tm; jypfrSm;jcif;rjyK aus;Zl;wifqyf ylaZmfwwf aom olonf (u) trsufroef; pdwf&Tifvef;vsuf at;csrf;pGm tdrfodkY 0ifa&muf&m\/ (c) tpnf;ta0; (vlpkvla0;)obifü csD;rGrf;pum; Mum;&\/ ESpfoufMunfEl;&TifjrL;0rf;om&\/ (*) aqGrsKd;pkwdkY\ tBuD; tuJtjrwf y"metjzpfodkY a&muf&Sd&\/ (5) ouú w G m ouú a wm a[mwd ? *½k a [mwd o*g&a0g 0PÖudwdåbawm a[mwd? a,mrdwåmeH e'kAÇwd/ taqGcifyGef;tm; jypfrSm;jcif;rjyK aus;Zl;wifqyf ylaZmfwwf aomolonf (u) t½dktaocH,l&\/ (c) av;pm;jcif; cH,l&\/ (*) *kPfowif;r,Gif;&&Sdol? aqmifxm;oljzpf&\/ (6) ylZaum vbaw ylZH? 0E´aum y#d0E´eH ,aom udwdåÍö yaygwd? a,mrdwåmeH e'kAÇwd/ taqGcifyGef;tm; jypfrSm;jcif;rjyK aus;Zl;wifqyf ylaZmfwwf aom olonf (u) ylaZmfoljzpfí tylaZmfcH&\/ (c) &Sdcdk;oljzpfí &Sdcdk;cH&\/ (*) tNcHt&HjynfhpHkjcif;odkY a&muf\/ (C) aus;Zl;owif; ausmfaZmjcif;odkY jynhfpHka&muf&Sd\/ pmrsuf E S m 17 ok d Y