Comforting wisdom for life
rarhavsmjh cif;onf edAmÁ efEiS fh eD;aomtaMumif;jzpf\ The Heedful are in the presence of Nibbana q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif \ tjrifrsm;ajymif;vJjcif; ESifh tawG;tjrifpmpkrsm;rS vl o nf b0ud k & í od wwfaom t&G,frSpum b0c&D;\ wl½lESpfbufteuf wpfbufbuf od k Y cPwk d i f ; cPwk d i f ; avQmuf ae&\/ b0c&D ; \ wl ½ l ES p f b uf teuf wpfbufaom wl½o l nf ]ig} aumif ; pm;a&;od k Y OD ; wnf a om wl½jl zpf\/ ,if;wl½u l dk ]twå o*F[} wl½l [líqk\ d / twåo*F[ qko d nf rSm rdru d , dk u f kd csD;ajrmufjcif; jzpf\/ tjcm;wpfbufaom wl½l onfum; ]avmu} aumif;pm; a&;odYk OD;wnf aom wl½jl zpf\/ ,if;wl½u l dk ]avmu o*F[} wl½l [lí qk&d \/ avmu Nidrf;csrf;OD; o*F [ [l o nf r S m avmuuk d cs;D ajrm§ ufjcif; (0g) trsm;udk cs;D ajrm§ uf jcif;jzpf\/ trSet f m; jzihf vlomru à rarh a vsmh j cif ; ü arG U avsmf a om? arh a vsmh j cif ; ü ab;[k ½ I a vh & S d a om &[ef ; onf owå0g[lorQonf þwl½l ESpb f uf qkwf,kwfjcif;iSm rxdkuf/ edAÁmefomvQif eD;\/ teuf wpfbuf bufoYkd rvGrJ aoG The Bhikkhu who delights in heedfulness, and looks with fear on heedlesscPwdkif; cP wkdif; avQmufae& à onf o m jzpf \ / þwl ½ l E S p f b uf ness, is not liable to fall. He is in the presence of Nibba-na. teuf twåo*F[ wl½lukd bmom tyÜrm'&awm bdu©K- yrma'b,'ód0g/ Appama-darato bhikkhu- pama-de bhayadassi vaa&; a0g[m&tm;jzihf ]avmu} wl½l Abhabbo pariha-na-ya, nibba-nass'eva santike. tbaAÁm y&d[mem,- edAÁmeaó0 oEÅdau/ [lí qkd&\/bmoma&; a0g[m& Verse- 32 jzihyf if avmu o*F[ wl½u l rdk u l m; ed * r0goD w d ó rax&f 0 w¬ K The Bhikkhu who delights in heedfulness, and ]avmukw&å m} wl½l [lí qk&d \/ þokwåEÅyd#u ck'´uedum, "r®y'ygVdawmf looks with fear on heedlessness, is not liable to fall. He -
(jrwfpGmbk&m; &Sif\ tjrifhrm;qHk;aom "r®a'oem) is in the presence of Nibbana. The monk who developed contentment (Tissa) G f Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ; jyKpk w if j yonf / *gxmtrSw(f 32) udk jrwfpmG bk&m;onf om0wdj¬ ynfre While residing at the Jetavana monastery in aZw0efausmif;awmfüoDwif;oH;k ü pHaeawmfrpl Of ed*r0goD Sa-vatthi, the Buddha uttered Verse (32) of the Suttanta wdórax&fukd taMumif;jyKaom tm;jzihaf [mMum;awmfrl Pitaka, Khuddaka Nika-ya, DHAMMAPADA (The pmrsufESm 25 odkY
VOW
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,ck t ywf zwf p &m 'kdYwm0efta&;oHk;yg; - jynfaxmifpk rNydKuJGa&; 'kdYta&; u@ - wkdif;&if;om; pnf;vHk;nDnGwfrI rNydKuJGa&; 'kdYta&; uavmif&Sifrsm; pmrsufESm Mo0g'gp&d,q&mawmfrsm; - tcsKyftjcmtmPmwnfwHhckdifNrJa&; 'kdYta&; 1/ t*¾r[my@dw b'´ E å ukrm& jynfolYoabmxm; - v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m; - - 20 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(pDr)H - jynfytm;uk;d ykqed ½f ;dk tqk;d jrif0g'rD sm;tm;qefu Y siMf u - Ekid if aH wmf wnfNird af t;csr;f a&;ESih f Ekid if aH wmfw;d k wufa&;ukd 2/ t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ EåaZmwdu(M.A) - t,f'w D mtmabmf- - - - 3 aESmifh,SufzsufqD;olrsm;tm; qefYusifMu 'kw, d ygarmu©csKyq f &mawmf(ynm) - OD;oDvmpm& - - - - - - - 5 - EkdifiHawmf\ jynfwGif;a&;ukd 0ifa&mufpGufzuf tbd"r®myd#ur[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf 4 aESmifh,Sufaom jynfyEkdifiHrsm;tm; qefYusifMu 3/t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw a'guw f mb'´ Eåax&dE(´ Ph.D) - a'gufwm eE´rmvmbd0Ho- jynfwiG ;f ? jynfytzsuo f rm;rsm;tm; bH&k efot l jzpf yd#uwfqidk &f mygVpd mayXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf - r[maAm"d N rd K if q &mawmf owfrSwfacsrIef;Mu 4/t*¾r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåy@dwmbd0o H (M.A) 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrd - - - 23 EkdifiHa&; OD;wnfcsuf (4)&yf okwå Eåy#d uwfr[mXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf - EkdifiHawmfwnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESihf - Aka'¨g&ot&Sif£E´mp&d,- - 19 5/r[m*E¬0gpuy@dw b'´ Eåork e(M.A) w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;a&;/ H mG aeZm - - - - - - - - - 6 Ak'a¨ 'oemjyefyh mG ;a&;ynmXme? XmerSL;^ygarmu©q&mawmf - rk& - trsK;d om; pnf;vk;H nDñw T rf I ckid rf ma&;/ 6/t*¾ r [m*E¬ 0 g p u y@d w a'g u w f mb'´ E y Å nm0H o (Ph.D) - pnf;urf;jynh0f aom 'Dru dk a&pDpepf &Sio f efcidk rf matmif - &SiÓ f P(zsmyk)H - - - - - - - 7 armfueG ;f xde;f q&mawmf wnfaqmufa&;/ -av;tdrfpkt&Sif0dpdwåom&- - 5 - zGphJ nf;ykH tajccHOya'ESit fh nD acwfrD zGNUH zK;d wk;d wufaom pmwnf;csKyf - q&mawmfO;D eE´- - - - - - - 9 EkdifiHawmfopf wnfaqmufa&;/ r[mo'¨ra® Zmwdu"Z wuúov dk o f Qio f &D d pD;yGm;a&; OD;wnfcsuf(4)csuf - tif;Zl;av;- - - - - - - - - 10 ("r®mp&d,? bDat) - pkdufysKd;a&;ukd ykdrkdzGHUNzKd;wdk;wufatmif aqmif&GufNyD; - okw(a&Tov H iG )f - - - - - - -11 acwfrDpufrI EkdifiHxlaxmifa&;ESihf tjcm;pD;yGm;a&; u@rsm;uk d v nf ; buf p k H z G H U N zKd ; wd k ; wuf a tmif pmwnf ; tzJG Y ? jynfpkd;? "r®xufukd -[Hom0wDOD;tkef;BudKif- - - - -13 wnfaqmufa&;/ pDrHa&;&m? NzKd ;rmrm - wuúov kd o f Qifo&D -d - - - - -14 - aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGm jzpfay:vma&;/ - e'DvQH- - - -- - - - - - - - 16 - jynfwGif;jynfyrS twwfynmESihf t&if;tESD;rsm; xk wf wf a0 ol zdwaf c:í pD;yGm;a&;zGNUH zK;d wk;d wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;/ wifp;dk (NrJ -04266) vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf -cspaf bm*- - - - - - - - - - 17 - EkdifiHawmf\ pD;yGm;a&;wpf&yfvkH;ukd zefwD;EkdifrIpGrf; 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f - '*Hq k &mxGe;f - - - - - - - -26 tm;onf EkdifiHawmfESihf wkdif;&if;om;jynfolwdkY\ vuf0,fwGif&Sda&;/ - oufyikd Nf idr;f - - -- - - - - - 27 tjyiftqif uGefysLwm vlrIa&;OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf - rsKd;jrih(f atmifv)H - - - - - - 29 NzKd ;NzKd ;Zmjcnf? jrwfE;dk ykid ?f ,Ge;f av;i,f - wpfrsKd;om;vk;H \ pdw"f gwEf Sifh tusihpf m&dwå jrihrf m;a&;/ - Nidr;f csrf;OD; - - - - - - - - - 1 - trsKd;*kPf? Zmwd*kPf jrihfrm;a&;ESihf ,Ofaus;rItarG jzef Y c sd a &; tESpfrsm;? trsKd;om;a&;vu©Pmrsm raysmufysuf - udak t;rif;- - - - - - - - - -31 atmifoef;aZmf atmif xdef;odrf;apmihfa&Smufa&;/ - aZmfaemif- - - - - - - - - - 34 - ppfreS af om rsK;d csppf w d "f gwjf zpfonhf jynfaxmifppk w d "f gwf vIid Mf unfjzL"r®0&D pmaywku d f &Sifoefxufjrufa&;/ - cifoZl mjrih-f - - -- - - - - 30 zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 - wpfrsK;d om;vk;H use;f rmBucUH idk af &;ESifh ynm&nfjrihrf m;a&;/
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Address Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com
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EDITORIAL
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"r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/
tarSmifcGif;í tvif;udkaqmifMuygpdkY okacgAk'g¨ e rkygÜ a'g? okcg o'¨ra® 'oem/ okcH oHCóomr*¾/D or*¾geH wayg okacg/ [laom Ak'w ¨ &m;awmft& (31)bHw k iG f usiv f nfaeMuukeaf om vlç ewfç jA[®m owå0gwdYk csr;f om&&SEd idk Mf uap&ef Ä opömav;yg;? w&m;udk trSeo f jd rifaom bk&m;&Siw f aYkd y:xGe;f &mtcg? Ä bk&m;&Sif\ w&m;awmfudk Mum;em&aomtcg Ä wynho f m0u oHCmtaygif; ud, k ?f pdwEf pS jf zm nDñw G af eaomtcg Ä nDñGwfaom oHCmawmfwdkY rsufarSmufü tjrwfw&m;udk usihfoHk;&aomtcg tvGef csrf;om okc&Sdavonf[k f m;cJyh gonf/ Ak'u ¨ a[mMum;vrf; ñTex þw&m;awmfukd &nfñeT ;f í aus;Zl;&Sif tr&yl& r[m*E¨m½Hq k &mawmfb&k m;Bu;D u ]bk&m;&SifawmfryGihfay:vQif? ol a wmf t rsm; pd w f a umif ; xm;vnf ; ? þum;ukodkvf? tukodkvfESihf xdkdxdkbHkb0? rod&/ rsm;vS tjypf a wG / bk&m;&Sifawmf yGihfxGef;ay:í a[mazmf ñ T e f M um; jrwf w &m;aMumih f ? þum;ukokdvf tukodkvfESihf xdkxdkbHkb0 odMu&/ rsm;vS aus;Zl;awG[lí qHk;rMo0g' ay;xm;cJhygonf/ owå0gwdYk usiv f nfaexdik &f m urÇmavmuBu;D ü bk&m;&Sirf sm; yGiafh om urÇmu tenf;i,frQom&Sí d bk&m;ryGiafh om urÇm oknurÇmuomvQif ra&rwGuEf idk af tmif rsm;vSygonf/ bk&m;ryGiafh om oknurÇmwdüYk um; vlom;wdt Yk wGuf þum;jyKtyfaom trI? þum;rjyKtyfaom trI[í l cGjJ cm;í rodEidk u f ek &f um; aumif;? raumi;ftpH?k zHzk kH tvDvaD om trIwu Ykd kd jyKMuuke\ f / w&m;onf rw&m;onfrod? aumif;onf raumif;onf em;rvnf? rdru d siv f nf&mb0üom pm;? 0wf? ae? a&; twGu&f mS azGjcif;? cHpm;jcif;zdo Yk m odMuonf/ t[dww f &d pämefom;aumifrsm;? ausmufacwf awmwGi;f vl½ikd ;f rsm;enf;wl usio fh ;kH aeMuonf/ rdb? q&morm;? ½dak oxdu k o f ?l oem;n§mwm xdu k o f [ l í l rcGjJ cm;rodEidk af wmhyg/ xdrk odr[ I al om trdu k w f u kd Mf um;0,f prf;w0g;0g;avQmufvrS ;f aeMuaom owå0gwdYk aoaomtcg tyg,fav;bHük om tjzpfrsm; Mu&onf/ ewf&mG ok*wdvjYl ynfa&mufow l u Ykd m; tenf;i,frQom &Syd gonf/ bk&m;&Siw f Ykd yGi&fh m umvüjzpf&aom vl? ewfrsm;pGm owå0gwdo Yk nfum; aumif; raumif; tpHpk kH tzHzk kH tvDvaD om trIupd ö wdüYk bk&m;&Siaf [mMum;í od&v dS mum 'ge? oDvwdu Yk kd jyKusiMfh uojzihv f nf;aumif? orx0dyóem bm0emudk tm;xkwMf uojzihv f nf; aumi;f? aumif;aom a0zefyikd ;f jcm;rIaumif;aom tm;xkwu f siBfh urH &I MdS uojzihv f nf;aumif; raumif;rIukd a&Smif? aumif;rIukd aqmifMuojzihf vnf;aumif; owå0gwdYk aovGeyf gu ewf&mG ok*wdoaYkd &mufMu&rnf/ tyg,f'*k w ¾ ad &mufou l enf;yg;vSonf/ xdaYk Mumihf uREykf w f Ykd ,aeYvo l m; tygt0if owå0g trsm;wdo Yk nf Ak'y¨ iG &fh m tcg xdAk 'k \ ¨ w&m;rsm; ruG,af ysmuf xGe;f yaeqJ tcg BuKH awGU qHak wGUMum;em&ygvsuf od&adS tmif rBuKd ;pm? od&NdS y;D rusiMfh uvQif v,fwq D &mawmfajymqdk qH;k rouJo h Ykd ]cGio fh mcdu k rf S rvdu k cf sifvQif trdu k ef ifjh yif&adS o;vdrv fh m;} qdkouJhodkY jzpfaernfudk owdjyKqifjcif&ef today;tyfygonf/
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WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE
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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTH "r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/
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raomuf& raeEdik af tmif? aq;vdypf aJG e atmif tusih f v k y f x m;vQif aumif ; wmvnf ; pG J \ / raumif ; wmvnf ; pG J \ / BuD ; yG m ;csrf ; om kd pf zJG Ukd vdo k o l nf aq;vdypf o JG vdk aumif;rIp?JG ukov vdak yonf/ aq;vdypf o JG o l nf a&m*gb,[l aom qd;k usKd ;ud&k aomfvnf; aumif;rIuo k v kd pf JG olum; tjypf u if ; aom csrf ; omok c rsm;ud k o m awGUBuHKcHpm;&rnfjzpf\/ vlwpfa,mufBuD;yGm; csrf;omzdkYtwGuf uHç ÓPfç 0D&d, vdktyf\/ ÓPfç 0D&, d ESijfh ynhpf akH omfvnf; ukov kd u f H r&Sd ygu ]]uHr&Sd ÓPf&w dS idk ;f rG}J } qdo k uJo h Ydk BuKd pm; &usKd ; ÓPfo;kH &usKd ;eyfrnfr[kwaf y/ xdaYk Mumihf (21) tyÜmrma'gp "ar®ok uH aumif;ap&ef 'geukov kd u f ?H oDvukov kd u f ?H ukodkvfjyKzdkY rarhygeJY? t&m&mrSm bm0emukov kd u f w H u Ykd kd pGpJ NJG rNJ rjJ yKvyk Ef ikd af &; twGuf owd w &m;vuf u d k i f x m;yg/ xdu k o k v kd u f w H u Ykd kd jyKvyk &f ef rarhravsmh owd&zdYk (21) Appamadoca dhammesu Use Mindfuless in every case ta&;Bu;D ygonf/ BuD;yGm;csrf;omvdkolwdkif;rSm&Sd&rnhf (21) oif o nf uk o d k v f j yK&ef owd & í ck a jrmuf t&nf t csif ; ,if;ukov kd u f rH sm;wd;k yGm;vmatmif jyKvyk Ef ikd yf g (21) tyÜrma'gp "ar®ok vQif <u,f0csrf;omol? uHaumif;oltqifhrS ukodkvfw&m;wdkYü rarhravsmhjcif;/ ud a vomuif ; ol ? ÓPf a umif ; ol t qih f o d k Y ukov kd jf yK&ef rarhjcif;? owd&avh a&muf&NdS y;D b0Nird ;f csr;f rIukd &&Srd nfjzpfayonf/ &Sd jcif;? t&m&mrSm owdw&m;vufuikd x f m; hJ Qif? aoolyif? toifrw S f ygav/ k w l ikd ;f arhavsmhcv Edik f jcif;onfvnf; Bu;D yGm;csr;f omvdo uk o d k v f r I x J ? owd p G J ? tNrJ & S i f o l a y/ rSm &Sdxm;&rnhf t&nftcsif;aumif;wpfck owdrSefjyif? uH&dyfxif? ÓPf&SifvSyap/ (=r*Fvmwpfyg;) jzpfonf/ owd xla xmif? rvdak tmif? BuHaqmifBudK;pm; a>rç uif;paom yd;k rTm;wd&pämefwYkd rnf o nf trd I u f o ½d k u f ½ I y f a xG ; &müom av/-r*FvmhtjrLaw/ aysmfydkuf Muukeo f uJo h Ydk vlw\ Ykd pdwo f nf uav;wdkYa&... ]]aumif ; rI w pf c k aeY p Of j yK}}wJ h / vnf; ]]ygyo®d H &rwd raem}} [k bk&m;&Sif k kd aeYpOfppJG NJG rNJ rJ jyKxm;zdYk vdw k ,f a[mawmf r l o nh f t wk d i f ; ½I y f a xG ; aom aumif;rIwpfcu uG , / f h aumif ; rI w pf c u k k d tus i y f h gatmif j y Kxm; raumif;rItm½Hküom arGUavsmfaysmfydkuf NrjJ zpf&m ukov kd pf w d jf zpfz&Ykd ef? ukov kd jf yKz&Ykd ef &if ab;tEÅ&m,ftrsdK;rsdK;uae vGwfuif;ap w,fu, G /fh tifrwefcJ,Of;\/ a&S;wke;f u uav;wpfa,muf[m ]]Ak'H¨ ukov kd jf yK&ef? ukov kd jf yKzYkd owd&zdYk &eftwGuf ukov kd af umif;rIwpfcck u k kd pGpJ NJG rNJ rJ o&PH *pämrd}} vdkY tvum;ae&if; &Gwfqdk dS wJ/h wpfaeY awmxJrmS rdbawGeYJ uGNJ y;D jyKvk y f x m;onh f t avh t x&S d z d k Y v d k \ / aeavh&o td y f a ewk e f ; ukodkvfjyK avhr&Sdolonf ukodkvfjyK&ef nbuf w pf a ,muf w nf ; owd&rnfr[kwfay/ ukodkvfjyKavh&Sdol bD v l ; wpf a umif u pm;rvd k Y q d k N yD ; uav; J u kd w f meJY uav;u ]]Ak'H¨ o&PH onfom ukodkvfjyK&ef owd&\/ tavh ajcaxmufukd qGv tx[l o nf tusih f v k y f x m; vQif & \/ *pä m rd } } vd k Y a,mif , rf ; NyD ; qd k v k d u f w meJ Y tusihfygvmygu tcsdefwefvQif owd&ç bD;vl;vnf; aMumufvefYNyD; rpm;&Jawmhbl;wJh uG,/f &vm\/Oyrm- vlwpfa,mufonf yifuu kd 'gaMumihf uav;wdv Yk nf; qGr;f avmif; aq;vdyrf aomufwwfaomfvnf; tusiv fh yk f wmwd k Y ? bk & m;*k P f a wmf y G m ;wmwd kYpwJh ukodkvf aomufaomtcg tcsdefwefvQif aq;vdyf aumif;rIwpfcck u k kd tusiyfh gaeatmif i,fi,f
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Ak'¨*Dwdum q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm& (½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) omraP&meH 0w¦ K Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0w¦djynf aZw0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg ykPÖm;wpfa,muftdrfü yifhzdwfaomqGrf;ukd bkO;f ay;jcif;iSm tvSnafh &mufí vmukeaf om oHupd ?ö omraP þomraPi,f av;yg;wdYk tm; ykPmÖ ; orD; cifyeG ;f wdo Yk nf ae&mvnf; ray;? qGr;f vnf;rauR;aeonfudk omraPwdYk trsurf xGuMf uaMumif;ukd &[ef;wdYk avQmuf xm;Mu&mwGif ]]t0d½'k H¨ 0d½ak '¨o}k } paom *gxm ukd a[mawmfro l nf/ t0d½'k H¨ 0d½ak '¨o?k twå'a@ok edAKÁ w/H om'gaeok tem'geH? wr[H jALrd jAm[®P/H jref r muAsm qefu Y sio f x l J uk, d yf aJ &Smifv?dk vufeufuidk pf JG rpGo J v Yl /dk pGv J rf;olxJ pGu J if;olu?dk jAm[®P Ak'¨ igrdeq Yf /dk He who is friendly amongst the hostile, who is peaceful amongst the violent, who is unattached amongst the attached, him I call a brahmana.
pum;ajy/ / qefu Y sib f ufjyKum &efNiK;d zGUJ ukeaf om olwx Ykd w J iG f arwåmpdw0f if rdwaf qG oGijf zihf rqefu Y si/f vufeufuidk x f m; rw&m; jyKvakd om olwx Ykd w J iG f vufeufuckd s? Nird ;f at; vSum igpGjJ yif;aom vlwx Ykd w J iG v f nf; igpGrJ yg? wPS m uk e f c rf ; NyD ; aomol u k d ]]jAm[® P }}[k igbk&m; a[mMum;awmfr\ l / uwnf;u jyKvyk x f m;Muaemf/ (21) r*Fvm r*Fvm? 38 jzm r*Fvm/ 21- rSm a[mñTeMf um;? tyÜrm' r*Fvmw&m;/ ukov kd w f &m; rarhwm? tyÜrm' r*Fvm/ [d;k a&S;tcg vli,fwpfO;D ? bDv;l ab;rS vGwcf zhJ ;l / 0rf;om&Tijf rL; nDav;i,f? ukov kd jf yKa&; rarheu YJ , G /f ukov kd af &;&m owd&? aumif;usKd ;axGaxG wk;d r,fy/ av;td r f p k t &S i f 0 d p d w å o m&
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf "r®0de, tvif;a&mifxdefvif;ap&ef jzpfonf/
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DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/
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o bm 0 ab; BuD; awG q&mawmf O D ; eE´ (rEÅ a v;) obm0ab;Bu;D awGu wefc;kd jyvm ygNy/D udak vmu"mwfq&mwdaYk &- 'diYk ,fi,f &[ef;b0wke;f uudyk J avmu"mwfq&mawG [m vurÇ m ud k w uf r ,f / vurÇ m ud k acG;ruav; wifvTwfvdkufNyDwJh/ acG;rav; usef;usef;rmrmeJY jyefvmNyDwJh/ ,l&D*g*g&if vurÇ m ud k wuf o G m ;NyD w J h / vay:u ajrBu;D awGawmif,Nl y;D jyefvm Nyw D /hJ tmum oudw k ufí pl;prf;&ef cs,v f if*sm eJYwufwm aygufuv JG Ykd aoukeNf yw D /hJ tckuykd J t*FgN*Kd [f ay:oGm;zdkY &uf (50) tvHkcef;xJrSm aeNyD; avhusihfaewm atmifjrifNyDwJheJY cg;awmif; wusm;usm; zifw<u<uvkyw f ek ;f &Sd ao;\wJ/h vES i h f u rÇ m teD ; qH k ; a&muf o nh f jzpfpOfaMumihf urÇmajray:wGif a&BuD;rI? rD ; awmif ayguf u G J r I ? ivsif v I y f r I r sm; ,ck&ufyikd ;f jzpfEikd o f nf[k eu©waf A'ynm &Sif &pf c suf E d k ; vpf u wif j ywmud k od y Ü H y nm &Sifrsm;u rjzpfEdkif[k y,fcscJhMu\/ odkYy,f csNy;D rMumcif &uftenf; i,ftMum rwfv (11) &ufaeYwGif *syefrSm tiftm;&pfcsuf pwmpau; (8.9) &Sad om ivsiv f yI cf wfomG ; rIaMumifh vlaxmif*Pef; aoíwJ.h .. 'D j zpf & yf a wG u d k M unf h v k d u f a wmh avmu"mwfoyd q HÜ &mawGtay: owdjyKp&m tcsufawGrsm;pGmygaeygw,f/ avmu"mwf q&mawGurjzpfEikd [ f q k w kd mudk obm0w&m; u jzpfjyoGm;ygw,f/ ivsipf wJh tEÅ&m,frsm; jzpfvmvQif tqdyt f awmuf tck;d taiGUawG at;cJNy;D rysUH vGi&fh atmif[k avmu"mwfq&m awG BuHpnfjyKvkyfxm;wJh at;cJpufudku ysujf yw,fav/ bmwwfEikd f ao;wH;k / tu,f írsm; tqdyt f awmufukd csujf yKwpf ak vSmif xm;wJ h tPk j rL"mwf a ygif ; zd k B uD ; om ivsipf wJh tEÅ&m,faMumifh aygufuo JG mG ;r,f qd&k if at;cJ pufBu;D uvnf; 'Dvykd J ysujf yae r,f q d k & if avmu"mwf u d k od y Ü H q &mwd k Y b,f v d k r sm; vk y f M urwH k ; / wd k ; wuf w ,f wdk;wufw,feJY udk,fh twwf udk,hfjyefpl;r,hf ude;f qdu k af eNyaD emf/ vurÇmudk a&mufw,f ajymajym? t*FgN*Kd [u f kd a&mufw,fajymajym? ivsifvIyfw,f ajy;Mu ajy;Mu? rD;awmif aygufw,f ajy;Mu ajy;Mu? a&;vdiI ;f Bu;D vmNyD ajy;Mu? ajy;Mu? em*pfBuD; vmNyD ajy;Mu?
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uefxJ ypfcsí tavmif;azsmufjcif;? trsKd ;orD; awGuawmif ud, k u fh u kd , kd f AH;k awGywfNy;D tjypf r&SdolawGudkbJ vdkufowfaejcif;? vlawGudk wpfcgwnf;eJY rsm;rsm;aoEdik af tmif[k BuaH qmif í vk y f a eMujcif ; ? uav;av;awG u d k c d k ; í a&mif ; pm;aeMujcif ; ? acwf r D e nf ; ynm? od y Ü H y nmawG wd k ; wuf j rih f r m;vmovd k owå0gawGtxl;ojzihf vlawG&UJ avmbawG uvJ tueft Y owfrxm;Ekid jf zpfvmMuygw,f/ 'Dawmh urÇmBuD;eJYwuG &SdorQae&m? ajc&m? avxk u tusKd ; pD ; yG m ;&Ek d i f o rQ xk w f M u? oH k ; Mujzpf v mygw,f / 'D a wmh "mwf j yKrI e J Y jzpf w nf a ewJ h urÇ m eJ Y aepMu0Vmtxd e f ; tuGyf(Balance) ysuv f mwJh oabmawGrsm; vmygNyD/ t"duu obm0w&m; National Resources awGudk xdef;odrf;zdkY tvGeftuRH zsufqD;rjypfzdkY tcsdefwefaeygNyD/ þuJhodkY raumif;olawG rsm;aewJu h rÇmBu;D rSm 'Draumif; olawGudk xdxd a&mufa&muf qHk;rEdkifwJh obm0ab;qdk;BuD;awGuawmh vm&OD;rSm/ obm0w&m;&JUwm0efyg? 'g[m"r®e, d mryg/ ,cktcg vlOD;a&u xlajymw,f/ vkyu f ikd pf m;usuu f usO;f ajrmif;w,f/ tpma& pm &Sm;w,f/ vkpm;&ovkdjzpfw,f/ tusifh pm&d w å y suf w ,f ? rd k ; acgif a &&S m ;jzpf w ,f ? ajrqDMoZmrwufbl;? oD;ESHurzGHUNzdK;bl;ESifhbJ y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fvnf; vnfawmh\/ 'Dy#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f udk b,fvdkjzwfrSmvJ/ olYtoufowfjcif;? olyY pön;f cd;k jcif;? olrsm; om;r,m; zsuq f ;D jcif;? pmrsufESm 33 odkY
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/
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pma&;olu, kd w f idk v f nf; wpfaeYwiG f td&k OD;rnf jzpf&m rdrx d o H Ykd tdjk cif;w&m;rqdu k af &mufao; aomfvnf; tkjd cif;w&m;wdpYk ak 0;&m bd;k bGm;"r® &dyo f mqDoo Ykd mG ;a&mufum owdoaH 0* yGm;jzpf cJhygonf/ &efuek w f idk ;f a'oBu;D ? a&TjynfomNrKd U e,f? trSwf (8) &yfuu G ?f rif;&Jausmpf mG vrf; wGif q&mawmf t&SiZf 0e (arwåm&Si-f a&Tjynf om) \ Mo0g'udck , H v l suf q&mawmfO;D ynm 0HorS atmifarwåmbdk;bGm;"r®&dyfom[laom trnfjzihf bd;k bGm;&dyo f mBu;D wpfck aqmufvyk f aeonfrSm wpfESpfcGJcefYMumcJhNyD[kod&ygonf/ topfwnfaxmifaom bdk;bGm;&dyfomwpfck taejzihf tbd;k aqmif? tbGm;aqmif? aq;½H?k aq;cef;rsm; jynhpf pkH mG r&Sad o;aomfvnf; vuf&dS tcsed w f iG f toufcek pfq,fausmf tm;ud;k &mrJh tbd;k ckepfa,muf? tbGm; q,h&f pS af ,muf? pkpkaygif; tbdk;tbGm; ESpfq,hfig;a,muf\ pm;0wfaea&;? usef;rma&;wdkYudk vdktyfovdk apmihaf &Smufxm;½Hrk Qru q&mawmfO;D ynm0Ho xHrS aeYpOf w&m;"r®rsm; tm;xkwEf ikd &f eftwGuf yg pepfwuspDpOfxm;aomaMumihf tbdk;tdk? tbGm;tdkwdkY\ b0ae0ifcsdeftwGuf 0rf;om yDwdjzpfrdygonf/ atmifarwåmbdk;bGm;"r®&dyfomodkY a&mufonhftcgwGif oDv,lcsdefa&mufvQif oHCmawmfwpfyg;xHrSm oDvaqmufwnfae aom tbd;k ? tbGm;wd\ Yk jrifuiG ;f udak wGU&rnf/ w&m;tm;xkwcf sed af &mufvQif at;aq;Nird o f uf pGm w&m;tm;xkwfaeaom zdk;zdk;? zGm;zGm;wdkY\ pdwaf t;csr;f zG,jf rifuiG ;f udk awGU&rnf/ tm[m& oH;k aqmifcsed af &mufvQif aypöa0u©Pmqifjcif qGr;f tvSL&Sirf sm;udak rwåmydí Yk wke&f aD omvuf rsm;jzihf xrif;oH;k aqmifaeMuaomjrifuiG ;f udk awGU&rnf/ tjcm;aomtcsdefrsm;qdkvQif Z&m ESyd pf ufí cg;uke;f aomcE¨mud, k u f kd awmifa0S; av;jzihfxdef;um wa&GUa&GUESihf aES;auG;pGm vrf;avQmufaeaomjrifuGif;udk awGU&rnf/ nae ajcmufem&DcGJtcsdefwGif "r®m½Hkü nDnm pGmpka0;vsuf EIwaf v;tmav;? ryDrMunfEikd f awmhonht f oHrsm;jzihf bk&m;0wfjyKNy;D a0ae,s owå0grsm;tm; arwåmydaYk eonhf pdwcf sr;f ajrU
zG,&f maumif;aom toHrsm;udMk um;&rnf/ tbdk;tbGm;wdkY\vIyf&Sm;oGm;vmrI [efyeftrlt&mtm;vH;k rSm yDwjd zpfp&m? MunfE;l p&m? ukov kd yf mG ;p&myH&k yd rf sm;yifjzpfonf/ xdYk tjyif tdrk if;vmonht f cg bmudrk rS pGr;f aqmif Ed k i f a wmh N yD r d k Y td k r if ; rpG r f ; rjzpf c if t csd e f r S m use;f rma&;? pD;yGm;a&;? ukov kd af &;rsm; BuKd wif íaqmif&GufoifhaMumif;udk vufawGUusus oifjyaeaomae&m[kvnf; ,lqrdygonf/ taotcsmpOf ; pm;Munh f y gvQif tbd;k tbGm;[lonf bd;k bGm;&dyo f müom &So d nf r[kwb f ?J rdrad exdik &f mtdrw f iG v f nf; rdcift?kd zcift?kd tbd;k tbGm;rsm; &SEd ikd ½f rkH Qru rdru d , kd f wkid v f nf; toufajcmufq,fausmf ckepfq,f t&G,fa&mufvQif tbdk;tdk tbGm;tdkb0udk a&muf & OD ; rnf j zpf a yonf / xd k Y a Mumih f atmifarwåmbd;k bGm;"r®&yd o f mBu;D wGif cdu k ;kd &m rJh oufBu;D &G,t f kd tbd;k tbGm;rsm;udk q&mawmf OD ; ynm0H o xH r S arwå m u½k P mwd k Y j zih f apmihfa&Smufxm;jcif;udk erlem,lí rdrdwdkY\ teEÅ*P kd ;f 0if aus;Zl;&Sirf sm;jzpfMuaom rdcif? zcif oufBu;D &G,t f rkd sm;udk ouf&x dS if&mS ;&Sad e cdkuf raociftcsed rf mS auR;arG;jyKpak pmihaf &Smuf jcif; tmrdojzihfvnf;aumif;? 'ge? oDv? bm0emukov kd w f &m;rsm; tm;xkwEf ikd &f ef ulnD ay;jcif; "r®jzihv f nf;aumif; ESprf sKd ;aomaus;Zl; qyfjcif;wdkYjzihf ausyGefpGmaus;Zl;qyfEdkifaom om;orD;&wemrsm;jzpfatmif BuKd ;pm;Muyg[k wdu k w f eG ;f vdyk gonf/ tu,fí ]]ypön;f ? o'¨g? omoem? fh nD oH;k jzm'kvb ’ ? BuKH cpJ }G } [laompum;&yfEiS t vSL'gef;Edik &f eftwGuf ypön;f 0w¬K? vSL'gef;vdo k nhf pdwfapwem o'¨gw&m;? vSL'gef;zdkY&eftwGuf tcGit hf cg omoem[laom taMumif;w&m; oH;k rsKd ;aygif;qHrk o d nfqydk gu atmifarwåm bd;k bGm;"r®&yd o f m q&mawmfO;D ynm0Ho (zke;f - 0973124707) bd;k bGm;&dyo f mBu;D \ tusKd ;aqmif Ouú|- OD;&Jjrihaf tmif (zke;f - 09- 5158795) xHoYkd qufo, G v f LS 'gef;Edik af Mumif;udk owif; aumif;yg;vsuf ysKd pOfrmS BuKd wifumtdMk unhEf ikd f ap&ef arwåmapwemjzihf azmfjyvdyk gonf/ tif;Zl;av; (&efukefAk'¨wuúodkvf)
DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/
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ESvHk;om;cHpm;rI\yJhwifoH avmutwGi;f ouf&o dS wå0grSeo f rQ wdo Yk nf odrEI iS cfh pH m;rI xdEk pS cf , k OS w f u JG m wnf&dS aeorQumvywfv;kH ab;bDteD;tem; ywf0ef; usirf sm;u enf;vrf;tzHzk kH ½du k cf wfrt I rsKd ;pHjk zihf xdyg;ywfoufvmaomtcg OD;aESmufrS ESv;kH om; cHpm;rIoabmw&m;rsm; yJw h ifjrnf[nf; vmawmhonf/ jrwfAk'¨\taMumif;tusdK;pyf,SOf y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'fa'oemtpOfwiG f twdwt f aMumif; wpfvmT jzpfaom vGeNf y;D umvtcgor,qDu rSm;rSeaf umif;qd;k taMumif;usKd ;udk cGjJ cm;odjrif rqifjcifEikd af tmif t0dZmÆ wdrn f Kd rBJ u;D zH;k um xm;qJwiG f vlru dk t f m;ay; ocFg&jyKjyifa&;u pD&ifavaomaMumifh ypöKyeÜ t f usKd ;wpfvmT wGif f pk y#doaE¨0n d mPfut kd pjyKvYkd azmufjyefr½I yk t ESifh odwwfp&memrfw&m; xkEd pS yf g;jzpfymG ;um vmawmhonf/ ½kyef mrfjzpfymG ;taMumif;w&m;aMumifh rsupf ?d em;? ESm? acgif;? vQm? ud, k ?f pdwq f akd om twGi;f [dwEf iS fh tqif;? toH? teH?Y t&om? xdawGUp&m? BuHpnfrI[laom tjyiftm½HkwdkY aygif;qHrk ad omtcg jrif? Mum;? eH? pm;? xd? od w&m;rS cspf? rkef;? cHpm;? a0'emw&m;rsm; jzpfyGm;Muawmhonf/ þodkY zóaygif;pkawGUqHkrIaMumifh cHpm;rIw&m;tajrmuftjrm;wdo Yk nf oHpOfaw; oGm; taetxm;rsm;uJhodkY tjyif;ç taysmh? tedrfYç tjrifhykHpHtqifhqifh jrnf[nf;jyefvm yJw h ifoyH rm jzpfívmawmhonf/ vltrsm;pk\ vufcHxm;rIwpfckrSm ]]oifaumif;vQif uREfkyfrqdk;yg}} [líjzpfNyD; ud, k t fh vdq k E´jynh0f aeorQ ESpo f ufíoabm usaeMuonf/ vdo k vdrk & pdww f idk ;f rusaom tcgwGif ]]*si;f pdr;f ESirhf w d o f vif? olMuifrS ud, k f Muifr,f}} [kqu kd m? ]]orD;ay;rS oruf&}} onf [k twHkYtvSnhf? toGm;tjyef? tay;t,l oabmrsdK;ESifh tomtem taumif;tqdk; wGufudef;trsdK;rsdK;jzihf pD;yGm;a&;aps;uGufqef qef avmu"Hukd wHjYk yefMuawmhonf/ þae&mü b'´ E Å o l & d , mbd 0 H o rpdk;&drfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\ tqHk;trwpfck udk trSwf&rdygonf/ ]]vlqdkwm tnrn
okw (a&ToHvGif)
ypönf;vdk rusifh&bl;/ o[Zmwypönf;vdk usih f & r,f ? tnrnypö n f ; qk d w m ol u aus;Zl;jyKvkdY udk,fu jyefNyD;aus;Zl;jyKwm rsdK;? o[Zmwqdkwmuawmh oluaus;Zl; jyKjyKç rjyKjyK? wHkYjyefrI&&ç r&& udk,hfbuf uawmh tNrJ w rf ; aus;Zl ; jyKae&r,f } } [líjzpfonf/ xdaYk Mumifh rdrEd iS yfh wf0ef;usiq f ufqH pOfwiG f ywf0ef;usi\ f wHjYk yefru I kd tav;rxm; rdrdbufrS twwfEdkifqHk; aumif;atmifom BudK;pm;jyKusihfoGm;&ygrnf/ aumif;EdkifzdkY&ef twGuf BupH nfç ajymqdçk vkyu f ikd &f efrmS vnf; taetxm;trsKd ;rsKd ;tay:wGif arwåmpdwx f m;ç onf;cHjcif;w&m;ESihf csichf sed o f ;kH oyfqifjcifEv S ;kH oGi;f wwf&ygrnf/ rpd;k &drq f &mawmfb&k m;Bu;D uyif ]]vk y f i ef ; t&yf & yf ü (tóm') om,m p&mES i h f ? (tm'D e 0) tjypf w if p&m[k ESpfrsdK;&Sdwwf\/ toifhtwihfESvHk; oGi;f jcif;jzihf xdEk pS rf sdK;udk onf;cHEikd af tmif usih f a qmif & rnf } } [l í tqH k ; tray;cJ h ygonf/ xd k t qH k ; trrsm;ES i h f y wf o uf í pma&;olonf vGecf ahJ omESpf (30) ausmcf efu Y (udak rmifped )f qko d l rdwaf qGwpfO;D ESifh twlomG ; vm tvkyv f yk u f ikd cf zhJ ;l onf/ olonf bmom a&; todÓPfynm<u,f0olwpfO;D r[kwyf g/
omrefp;D yGm;a&;orm;wpfO;D jzpfNy;D olEiS t hf wl wl aEGç rd;k ç aqmif; &moDo;kH rsKd ;vH;k wGif acsmif;ul;? awmifausm?f awmjzwfí b0&yfwnfrt I wGuf oGm;vmvIyf&Sm; &SmazGaepOftcsdefujzpfyg onf/ vkyif ef;oabmt& pm;csed ?f em;csed f oD;oefrY &Sb d J aeylç rd;k &Gmç ESi;f ususç aeYaeYnn tajctaet& oGm;vmaeMu&\/ pma&;ol ESihf tazmftcsdKUrSm (jyifyvltawmfrsm;rsm; vnf; yg0ifrnf) aeylí yltdkufvGef;vQif nnf;nL\/ rdk;&Gmí pdkpGwfum &THUAGufrsm;ESihf oG m ;vm&cuf a omtcg nnf ; nLMu\/ aqmif;umv csr;f at;vGe;f jyefvQif roGm;csif rvmcsiEf iS hf nnf;nLMujyef\/ xkt d cg twlygvmaom (udak rmifped )f rS nnf;nLaeol taygif;toif;rsm;tm; ol\ apwemt&if;cH pdw&f if;trSejf zihf csKd omaumif; rGepf mG ajymaeustm;ay;pum;rSm ]]aeylawmh ajcmuf a jcmuf a oG U aoG U oG m ;&wmayh g ? rd k ; &G m awmh pd k p d k a jyajy&S d w mayh g ? aqmif ; ES i f ; wd k Y at;vG e f ; aomtcg at;at; csrf ; csrf ; &S d w mayh g }} [l í ajymqd k u m oludk,fwkdifrSmvnf; nnf;nLwGefYqkwfjcif; r&Sb d J oGm;vmaejycJo h nfukd ,aeYwikd f trSw&f aeygao;onf/ þodYk vlomrefrsm;Mum;ü av;pm;
DHAMMA VIRA ARTILCE
12
"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/
tm;usp&myk*Kd¾ vrf sKd ;&So d uJo h Ykd jrefrmjynfwpfciG f omoemyifüvnf; MunfndKOD;cdkuf½dkaoxdkuf onfh rSwrf w S o f m;om; q&mawmfwpfyg;&Scd zhJ ;l ygonf/ yÍöro*Fg,emwif rif;w&m;BuD; vufxufwiG f rwå&mNrKd Uü oDwif;oH;k pHaeawmf rlaom rwå&mq&mawmfonf aeYcif;tcg ausmif;cg;yef;udk acgif;tH;k í used ;f aeawmfrpl Of ausmif ; om;uav;rsm; aqmh u pm;&if ; ausmif;cg;yef;udek if;Ny;D ckecf sonfukd OD;yÍöi;f rsm; jrifí rmefru J m ½du k rf nfjyKaomtcg q&mawmf Mum;odí used ;f &mrSxawmfrNl y;D ]]r½du k Mf uygeJ?Y uav;awG bmodrvJ? wdiYk ,fi,fwek ;f u olwYdk xuf aqmhao;w,f/ onf;cHMuyg/ igvnf; tused ;f rysuyf gbl;}} [lí uav;i,frsm;zufrS awmif;yefpum;qdkawmfrl\/ q&mawmfBuD;\ onf;cHjcif;w&m; Bu;D rm;yHu k kd rif;Bu;D Mum;odí taxmufawmf rsm;tm; uyÜ, d jyKíaeapNy;D qGr;f csuu f yfaom tcg wrifwumaysmah tmifcsuí f qGr;f aysmh BuD;udk qufuyf&m? ]]qGrf;aysmhawmh t0g;& oufomw,f? tpmaMuvG,w f ,f}} [k rde\ Yf / wpfcg qGr;f rmrmcsuí f uyfjyef&m? ]]'Dv0kd g;Ny;D bkO;f ay;&awmh t&omay:w,f}} [k rdejYf yef\/ [if;udq k m;rygbJcsuNf y;D uyfvQif ]]a&iwfajy w,f}}? qm;rsm;rsm;xnhí f uyfaomf ]]tif;- aoG; aMuw,f}} [líom rdeaYf wmfr\ l / þodYk avmu"HviId ;f Mum; ,dr;f ,dik f roGm;bJ usio fh ;kH aeawmfral om q&mawmfBu;D tm; rif;Bu;D onf MunfnKd veG ;f vSí eef;NrKd Uawmf odkY yihfzdwfyifhaqmifaomtcg omoemESihf 'g,mumudik u hJ u G af omtm;jzihf vku d yf g<uawmf rlonf/ q&mawmfBuD;onf a&vrf;c&D;udk avS p D ; í<uawmf r l v m&m vrf ; ck v wf w G i f rif;BuD;\olvQdKwdkYonf avSudkurf;uyfapNyD; r[m'gef0eftm; trdefYawmfudkjyonf/ q&m awmfBuD;onf oufawmfBuD;&ihfaeNyDjzpfí rwå&mNrKd Uüyif jyefvnfow D if;oH;k aeyg&ef od&dS &aomtcg q&mawmfBu;D u ]]tif;- [kwaf y w,f? ihgrvnf; acG;EdpYk o Ykd vdk ynmoifMuaom wynhaf wG ynmEdaYk & iwfMuvdrrfh ,f/ jyefae wmu olw0Ykd rf;ajrmufMuvdrrfh ,f}} [k rdeaYf wmf rlum rwå&mausmif;wku d o f Ykd jyef<uawmfro l nf/ xd k Y a emuf rif ; BuD ; onf eef ; OD ; ü ausmif;aqmifaqmufvyk u f m q&mawmfBu;D udk yihfawmfrljyefonf/ xdktcg q&mawmfBuD;u ]]tif;- r[mrkeb d &k m;Bu;D udk rzl;&wm MumNy/D
'Dwpfcgawmh qdu k q f u kd Nf rKd uNf rKd uf zl;&ayawmh rnf}} qku d m vku d yf gcJjh yef\/ rif;Bu;D onf q&m awmfBuD;tm; ausmif;BuD;ay:wGif yifhaqmif oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrlapNyD; rif;BuD;ESihfwuG rdzk&m;? aqGawmfrsdK;awmf? rl;rwftaygif;wdkY onf npOf w&m;rsm;udk em,lylaZmfMuav onf/ tcsd e f t wef M umvmaomtcg f eD; oifah wmfaom rif;Bu;D onf ausmif;wku d t ae&mwpfae&mwGif xef;&Gurf ;kd umcsuf ,m,D ausmif;i,fwpfv;kH aqmufvyk af pNy;D ? q&mawmf ausmif;Bu;D ay:odYk wuf&qif;&yifyef;vSvQif ausmif;BuD;atmuf xef;&Gufausmif;i,fwGif oDwif;oHk;ajymif;aeawmfrl&ef avQmufxm; aomf? ]]at;- [kwaf yw,f? wuf&qif;& vltkd qdak wmh owdxm;&w,f/ w&m;emolrsm;vnf; wuf&? qif;& yifyef;ayonf/ atmufajrjyif rSmyJ oifah vsmyf gw,f}} rdeq Yf u kd m atmufqif; Ny;D aeawmfro l nf/ xef;&Gufausmif;üyif npOf w&m; emvmolrsm;tm; w&m;"r®a[mMum;í? wpfv ceft Y MumwGif rif;Bu;D u ]]q&mawmf- ausmif; BuD;ay:wufí oDwif;oHk;rS oihfygrnf}} [k avQmuf&m q&mawmfBu;D rS? ]]ausmif;Bu;D ay: rSmqdak wmh rd;k vHak vvHak umif;wmayhg? atmuf rSmu rd;k avrvHak wmh y&dowfrsm; use;f rma&; xdcu dk rf mS pd;k &dr&f w,f}} [k rdeaYf wmfrNl y;D ausmif; Bu;D ay:odYk jyefvnf<uawmfr\ l / q&mawmfBu;D odum© awmf (45) 0g t&wGif wpfnü 0wfjznhfaeMuaom wynhf rsm;u q&mawmf\ nmbufajcovHk;<uuf om;udk ESyd rf v d Qif ajcaxmufrmS qwfueJ wGeYf wG e f Y o G m ;í oif ; yd k i f u d k vS e f M unh f v k d u f & m avmufaumifaygif;rsm;pGmpkNyHKí &Sdaeaom temBuD;udk awGUjrifMuojzihf oefYpifz,f&Sm; &ef avQmufxm;aomtcg q&mawmfBuD;rS ]]armifyÍöi;f wd?Yk olwYkd td;k tdrEf iS w fh uG taqmuf tOD;Bu;D wnfNy;D aeonfukd rzsuq f ;D MuygESi?fh ysupf ;D oGm;vQif olwYkd 'kuB© u;D pGm jzpfvrd rfh ,f/ onf;cHMuyg}} [k rdeu Yf m awmif;yef[efw Y m;av onf/ q&mawmf B uD ; onf xd k t emrS ydk;avmufwdkYpm;í 'l;qpf½dk;ay:vmNyD; ysHvGef awmfrlonhfwkdif rnnf;rnL onf;nnf;cHum olawmfaumif;wdYk ]]ESv;kH om;cHpm;rI\ yJw h ifo}H } udk ysUH vGiu hf se&f pfapcJo h nf/ tH h M ozG , f & m? rS w f o m;zG , f & mES i h f MunfnKd tm;us twk,pl &maumif;vSygonf/
xdkuJhodkYaom ESvHk;om;cHpm;rI\ yJhwifoHrsdK; ay:xGuv f mEdik af tmif BuKd ;pm;oih\ f / avmu Oyrmtm;jzihf vloefBuD;u qefwpftdwfudk d f xrf;Edik v f Qif olAvHav;rsm;rSvnf; qefwpfpw avmufawmh xrf;Edik pf rG ;f vQiaf umif;ygrnf/ jrwf p G m bk & m; a[mawmf r l a om ykaPÖm0g'okwüf ? t&Siyf kPÖtm; w&m;tod tjynfht0&Sdap&ef jrwfAk'¨rS? ]]ykPÖ- vdkcsif ESpo f ufwyfrufz, G jf zpfonhf ½lyg½H?k o'´g½Hk tp &S d a om tm½H k a jcmuf y g;wd k Y o nf &S d u k e f \ / xdt k m½Hak jcmufyg;wdu Yk kd ESpo f ufwrf;w pGv J rf; íaeaom &[ef;tm; wyfrufrIonfjzpf\/ wyfrufrjI zpfjcif;aMumifh qif;&Jjcif;onf jzpfay: vm\/ xdt k m½Hak jcmufyg;wdu Yk kd ESpo f ufwrf;w pGv J rf;í raeaom&[ef;tm; wyfrufro I nf Nird ;f jcif;aMumifh qif;&Jjcif;onfvnf; csKyNf ird ;f \}} [k a[mawmfro l nf/ xdo k Ykd tqH;k trMo0g'ay;Ny;D aomtcg bk&m;&Sio f nf &Siyf P k \ Ö pdwaf wmfukd odví kd ar;awmfr\ l / ]]yk P Ö ? oif o nf tb,f t &yf ü aernfenf;}} ]]wynhaf wmf okemy&EÅt&yfü aeyg rnfb&k m;}} ]] ok e my&EÅ w k d i f ; om;wd k Y o nf Murf;MuKwf cufxefukef\/ tu,fí olwdkYu oifhtm; qJqdkBudrf;armif;cJhaomf oifrnfodkY oabmxm; rnfenf;}} ]]wynhaf wmftm; okemy&EÅwidk ;f om; wdYk qJqBkd urd ;f armif;cJah omf þolwu Ykd awmfvS ay\/ ightm; ud, k x f v d ufa&muf ½du k Ef u S jf cif; rjyKMu[lí oabmxm;ygrnf}} ]]oih f t m; ud k , f x d v uf a &muf ½du k Ef u S cf ahJ omf rnfoo Ykd abmxm;rnfenf;/}} ]]wynhaf wmftm; ud, k x f v d ufa&muf ½dkufESufcJhaomf awmfygao;\? ihgtm; cJjzihf rypfMuay}} }}oifhtm; cJjzihfypfcJhaomf rnfodkY oabmxm;rnfenf;}} ]]wynhfawmftm; cJjzifhypfMuaomf tvGeaf wmfMuay\/ ihgtm; wkwjf zihrf ½du k Mf u ao;}} ]]oift h m; wkwjf zih½f u kd cf ahJ omf rnfoYkd oabmxm;rnfenf;}} ]]wynhaf wmftm; wkwjf zih½f u kd cf ahJ omf tvG e f a wmf v S y gao;\/ igh t m; "m;jzih f taorowfMuao;}} ]]oift h m; "m;jziht f aoowfcahJ omf pmrsufESm 22 odkY
DHAMMA DEW
13
"r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/
at;Nidrf;csrf;omaom avmuodkY--Wayfares to the world of bliss...... [Hom0wD- OD;tkef;BudKif
olawmfaumif;w&m;üaumif;pGmwnfaomxdkolonf tvHk;pHkaomolwdkY\ tpD;tyGm;udkaqmif\/ xdkolonf 0efwdkrI ]rpä&d,} tnpftaMu;udk y,fazsmufí at;Nidrf;csrf;omaom avmuodkYa&muf&\/
à à
Firm set in Saddhamma, with stain of stont, Put by, he wayfares to the world of bliss.
olawmfaumif;yk*¾dKvf
The Worthy Man
tcgwpfyg;ü jrwfpmG bk&m;ocifonf b*¾wikd ;f om;orifwYkd tm; ab;rJah y;&m abouVawmü oDwif;oH;k pHy,fawmfrpl Of? &[ef; wdt Yk m; þ (oyÜK&o d okw)f udak [mMum;awmfryl gonf/ &[ef;wd-Yk olawmfaumif;onf trsKd ;üjzpfay:vmonf&adS omf rsm;pGmaomvltaygif;\tusdK;pD;yGm; csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ trd tzwdkY\ tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ om;r,m;\tusdK; pD;yGm;csr;f omjcif;tvdiYk mS jzpf\/ uRet f rIvyk af ,musmf ;wd\ Yk tusKd ;pD;yGm; csr;f omjcif;tvkiYd mS jzpf\/ taqGcifyeG ;f cspu f Rr;f 0ifow l \ Ykd tusKd ;pD;yGm; csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ a&S;uaovGefNyD;aom taqGtrsdK;wdkY\ tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ rif;\tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif; tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ ewfwdkY\tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ orP jAm[®PwdkY\ tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif;tvkdYiSmjzpf\/ &[ef;wk-Yd tvH;k pHak om aumufpyg;wdu Yk kd jynhpf akH pwwfaom &GmoGe;f aomrd;k Bu;D onf rsm;pGmaomvltaygif;\ tusKd ;pD;yGm;csr;f om jcif;tvdiYk mS jzpfouJo h ?Ykd &[ef;wd-Yk þtwlomvQif olawmfaumif;onf trsdK;üjzpfay:vmonf&Sdaomf rsm;pGmaomvltaygif;\tusdK;pD;yGm; csr;f omjcif;tvdiYk mS jzpf\/ trdtzwd\ Yk tusKd ;pD;yGm;csr;f omjcif;tvdiYk mS jzpf\/ om;r,m;\tusKd ;pD;yGm;csr;f omjcif;tvdiYk mS jzpf\/ uRet f rIvyk f a,musfm;wdkY\ tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ taqGcifyGef; cspfuRrf;0ifolwdkY\ tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ a&S;u aovGeNf y;D aom taqGtrsKd ;wd\ Yk tusKd ;pD;yGm;csr;f omjcif;tvdiYk mS jzpf\/ rif;\tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ ewfwdkY\tusdK;pD;yGm; csrf;omjcif;tvdkYiSmjzpf\/ orPjA[®PwdkY\tusdK;pD;yGm;csrf;omjcif; tvdkYiSmjzpf\[k rdefYawmfrl\/ tdrfüaeaomynm&Sdyk*¾dKvfonf pifppftm;jzihf rsm;pGmaom vlw\ Ykd tusKd ;iSmjzpf\/ aeYnOfw h yYkd wfv;kH ysi;f &djcif;r&Sad omynm&So d nf a&S;OD;pGm trdtzwdkYtm; a&S;üjyKzl;aomaus;Zl;udk tzefwvJvJ atmufarhonfjzpfí taMumif;tm;avsmpf mG ylaZmf\/ tdr&f mraxmifyJ &[ef;jyKaom jrwfaomtusiu fh u kd siafh omyk*Kd¾ vw f u Ykd kd t½dt k aojyK\/ ouf0if,HkMunfaom o'¨gw&m;&Sdaom oDvudkcspfolonf w&m;wdkYudkodí olawmfaumif;wdkYudk ylaZmf\/ rif;\tpD;tyGm;udk aqmif\/ ewfwdkY\tpD;tyGm;udkaqmif\/ taqGtrsdK;rdwfaqGwdkY\
Once the Exalted One was staying among the Bhaggis, on Crocodile Hill at the Deer Park in Bhesakala Grove. There the Exalted One addressed the monks, Saying:Monks, when a worthy man is born into afamily, it is for the good, benefit and happiness of many folk. It is for good, benefit and happiness of his parents, of his wife and children, of his slaves, worken and servants, of his friends and companions, of the ghosts of his forebears, of the rajah, of the devas, and of recluses and goodly men. Monks, just as abundance of rain brings to perfction all crops for the good, benefit and happiness of many folk; even so a worthy man is born into a family for the good, benefit and happiness of many folk.... At, well it is for many when within The home a wise man's born! Untiring, night And day, he honours mother, father, forebears, In fitting manner, mindful of their care In former days. The homeless wanderers, Who live the godly life, he honours firm In faith, he knows therefor things proper, right. He is the rajah's friends and favourite, The friend of devas. kith and kin and all. Firm set in Saddhamma, with stain of stint Put by, he wayfares to the world of bliss. (Complete translation of the Anguttara-Nikaya, The book of the Gradual Saying, The Book of the Eights, Chapter IV, On Giving, The worthy man sutta.) Hanthawaddy-U Ohn Kyaing.
a&mh
&SLvduk f
tpD;tyGm;udkaqmif\/ olawmfaumif;w&m;ü aumif;pGmwnfaomxdo k o l nf tvH;k pHk aomolw\ Ydk tpD;tyGm;udak qmif\/ xdo k o l nf 0efwrkd I ]]rpä&, d }} tnpf taMu;udyk ,fazsmufí at;Nird ;f csr;f omaom avmuodYk a&muf&av \/ (t*Fw k &å edum,f0if? okwEå yÅ #d uwf? t*Fw k Kdå &yf gVdawmf? yXryPÖmou? t|uedygwf? 'ge0*¾ oyÜK&o d okwu f kd azmfjyygonf/) [Hom0wD- OD;tkef;BudKif
tbx \ ]x} trSwfwHqdyf
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zkef;= 722704? 642047
DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES
14
"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mysufjym;rI t0de,udk a&SmifEkdif&efjzpfonf/
vlwkdif;awmihfw ½kyfqif;½ly ,cif t ywf r S t quf tpmopf tpmopftdrfü wnf&Sdaom pm;tyf aomt&m0w¦K[lorQonf tpmopfrnfyg onf/ - 0g;í rsKt d yf aomuftyfaom tpmopfEiS fh wlaomtqif;&So d nf/ - a&ppfü qefux kd nhí f avsmah vsmx h yk af om o@mef&Sdonf/ - tpmopftdrfonf tpGef;ESpfbufü vdrfí n§ p f t yf a om yk q k d ; pk d \ tv,f ü jzpf a om tazmif;uJhodkYaom tl\ azmif;ylaomae&m jzpfonf/ - tpmopftdrf\tjyifom;onf tacsmjzpf í twGi;f om;onf ydEo Jé m;cG\ H twGi;f om; ESiw fh o l nf/ - tpmopf t d r f ü (32)rsKd ; aom yk d ; wd k Y o nf ½Iyaf xG;vsuf tpkpo k mG ;vmí aeMuonf/ - tpmopf t d r f ü tpmtm[m&r&S d v Qif ydk;wdkYonf jrnfwrf;vsuf ckefum ESvkH;ukdxd atmif wdu k Mf uonf/ - t&nf tzwfwdkYukdpm;onf&Sdaomf xkdykd;wdkY onf txufodkY acgif;armhí yxrrsKdaom (2)vky(f 3)vkyw f u Ykd dk vk,ufpm;aomufMuonf/ - tpmopftdrfonf xkdykd;rsm;\ rD;aetdrf usifBuD;tdrfozG,fjzpfonf/ - þtpmopftdrfü 0rf;rD;jzihfylaomaMumihf tjr§KyfwpfpDpDxGufvsuf tvGefraumif;aom teHY? azmufjyefaomtqif;? acG;tHzwfuJhodkY pufqkyfzG,ftjzpf wnfonf/ - þtpmopftrd o f Ykd a&mufaomtpm t&nf tzwfwdkYwGifwpfyu Hk dk yk;d wdpYk m;uke\ f / wpfyo Hk nf 0rf;rD;aMumihf aMuysuo f nf/ t&nfwpfykHonf usifi,fjzpfonf/ tzwfwpfykHonf usifBuD;jzpfonf/ wpfykHonf rif&nfESihfwlaom &ornfaom "gwfjzpfí taoG; tom;paom "gwf(7)yg; wdYk yGm;apuke\ f / tpmopftrd üf tajr;§ wdjYk zihf ykid ;f jcm;tyfonf/ cE¨ m aA'usrf ; üum; tpmopftdrf\twGif;buftom; um; ydEéJoD;tcGHuJhodkY tql;xvsuf&Sdonf/ tpmopftdrf tvTmtxyfxyfwdkY wGif;-jyif
wuú o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r® m p&d , ?bD - at)
qkH;onf acsmaomtajr§;jzpfonf/ þajr§ ; twG i f ; tpmopf t d r f u k d tvsm;vku d o f mG ;aom tom;rQipf /k ¤if;twGi;f ü tpmopftrd u f kd &pfywf xm;aom tom;rQipf /k ¤if;twGi;f ü ydEq Jé ;l uJo h Ykd El;nHah om ql;&Sad om tom;EkrsK;d / þtom;EkrsK;d wdüYk tpmudk aMuap wwfaom t&nfwo Ykd nf tajr;§ tdwif ,fwjYkd zihf wnfonf/ þtajr§;tdwfpkESihf ql;aygufaom tom;Ekwu Ykd dk tkyaf om? yg;aom twGi;f qk;H tajr§;jzpfonf/ þtajr§;tdwfwdkY t&nfxGuf&nf `yeG 0f wdo Yk nfvnf; twGi;f qk;H ta&ukad zmufí twGi;f bufoYkd t0vSní fh wnfMuonf/ þtpmopftdrfonf vufckyfoD; o@mef&Sdonf/ vQmcifaemuf tpm0ifaom ausm uku d yfíoGm;aom `yeG o f nf &ifbwfuv dk eG v f Qif vufckyfoD;o@mef tpmopftdrfjzpfonf/ vuf0b J uf EkaYd tmuferd &hf mrS atmuf &if½kd;ESihfrqufonfh txufrS (16)ckajrmuf eH½;dk ta&muf? a&SUukd &ifñeT ½Yf ;dk txuf tquf a&muf vuf0b J uftqkw\ f vusmf buf0rf; acgif;twGi;f ü uefv Y efw Y nfonf/ vnfyif;rSoGm;aom `yGefwH[laom tn§monf tpmtdrf\t&if;jzpfaom vuf0J
bufü uyfvsuw f nfonf/ tpmopftrd \ f vusmf buftzsm;rS pí tlonfjzpfonf/ t&G , f a &muf a om a,musf m ;\ tpmopftdrfonf tcsdef(7)usyfcefY0ifonf/ onf;ajctdwf? jynftdwfrSvmaom `yG e f w H w d k Y o nf v nf ; þtpmopf t d r f o d k Y 0 if onf/ tlEiS fh tpmopftrd u f dk zk;H tky&f pfywf aom xlaomtajr;§ wdo Yk nf tpmtdr\ f ta&SU bufu zk;H tkyv f su&f o dS nf/ tonf;? tqkwfwdkY\atmuf þ tpmopftdrf\ txuftMum;ü tydkif;tjcm; jzpfaom &if½kd;? eH½kd;wdkY\tqkH;ü 0rf;AkdufESihf &ifacgif;ukd ykdif;jcm;uefYxm;aom xlaom tajr;§ jzihf ykid ;f jcm;uefv Y su&f o dS nf/ yk d ; rsKd ; rsm; 0dok'¨dr*¾'DyeDü ykd;rsKd;(82)ckukd jyyg onf/ wpyÍöu- 0uúyÍöuü(1) Z0gyk;d (2) ZDv0gyk;d (qH&if;üjzpfukefonf/) (3) wkEyé ;dk (4) r[mwkEyé ;dk (oGm;&if;üjzpfí oGm;&if;ukd pm;onf/ usiBf u;D usifi,fpGefYjcif;? om;zGm;jcif;? aojcif;wdkYukd jyKonf/ (5) umvykid ;f (6) umv&moDy;dk (OD ; acgif ; üjzpf o nf ? OD ; aES m uf u d k p m;onf / usifBuD;usifi,fpGefYjcif;ukdjyKonf/) (7) edEyé ;dk (8) y&drw d må yk;d (9) twå&mrm'geumyk;d (10) r[mZeyk;d (&ifüjzpfMuonf/) (11) aomrrkcyk;d (12) r[maomrrkcyk;d (13) taomrrkcgyk;d (14) r[mtmaomrrkcgyk;d (ausmufuek ;f ukrd í DS jzpfMuonf/) (15) a0&rÇmyk;d (16) r[ma0&rÇmyd;k
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ (em;&if;ü em;½k;d ukrd í DS jzpfonf/) (17) bm0wåmyk;d (18) 0'gyk;d (19) 0o'gyk;d (tn§KUd ukrd í DS jzpfuek o f nf/) (20) pk&EÅmyk;d (21) r[mpk&EÅmyk;d (22) pkPmÖ yk;d (23) r[mpkPmÖ yk;d (rsupf ?d em;? ESmacgif;? vQm [laom tom;Ek ta&Ek t½k;d Ekwu Ykd dk rSí D jzpfMuonf/) (24) Orwåmyk;d (25) taEÅmrwåmyk;d (26) OZkumyk;d (27) r[mOZkumyk;d (28) tpvmyk;d (29) r[mtpvmyk;d (tarG;wGif;? ajconf; vufonf;? ta&xl? ta&yg;? tom;? t½k;d ? jcifqw D u Ykd dk rSí D jzpf onf/) yyægoyÍöuü (1) &EÅmyk;d (2) r[m&EÅmyk;d (3) [Da&myk;d (4) r[m[Da&myk;d ([',0w¦Kurkd í DS jzpfMuonf/) (5) 0vmyk;d (6) r[m0vmyk;d (7) eE´y;dk (8) oD0vmyk;d (tonf;ukrd í DS jzpfMuonf/) (9) tw¦0d wåmyk;d (10) r[mtw¬0d wåmyk;d (11) r[mouúmyk;d (12) rrD*gyk;d (13) rÍÆo D eD myk;d (tzsOf;udkrSDí jzpfMuonf/) (14) aowmyk;d (15) r[maowmyk;d (16) auoD&myk;d (17) avm[Dwmyk;d (tqkwu f rdk í DS jzpfuek o f nf/) u&d o pwk u ú ü (1) pk&EÅmyk;d (2) r[mpk&EÅmyk;d (3) odygÜ yk;d (4) r[modygÜ yk;d (5) &EÅmyk;d (6) r[m&EÅmyk;d
f rl wdüYk rSí D jzpfMuonf/) (tlord t (7) wauúm#umyk;d (8) *@KygÜ 'umyk;d (9) umvm'D&umyk;d (10) okprd ck umyk;d (11) y#[EÅKow k u å myk;d (12) Opö0gyk;d (13) r[mOpö0gyk;d (14) epö0gyk;d (15) r[mepö0gyk;d (16) opö0gyk;d (17) r[mopö0gyk;d (18) cPÖmyk;d (19) r[mcPÖmyk;d (20) rvmyk;d (21) pE´y;dk (22) em&dr&myk;d (23) uk!arCmyk;d (24) 0ZÆ0gyk;d (25) o@myk;d (26) aom0Dvmyk;d (27) 0dZv k ykwmå yk;d (28) MuLemyk;d (29) Ovu©myk;d (30) aowmyk;d (31) yDwumyk;d (32) eDuvmyk;d (tpmopfwnf&mjzpfaom tlrukdrSDí jzpfukef onf/) rSwcf suf / þyk;d (26)rsK;d ESifh tlord t f rl ukrd í DS jzpfaom ykd;(6)rsKd;ukdaygif;u ykd;rsKd;(32)rsKd; &onf/ ydwåaova'G0*¾ü (1) awvmyk;d (2) r[mawvmyk;d (3) 0wåmyk;d (4) r[m0wåmyk;d (onf;ajc? ovdyf? jynf? aoG;? acR;? tqD? rsu&f nf? wHawG;? ESy?f tap;? usiif ,fwu Ydk dk pm;ukef\/) usif B uD ; usiBf u;D onf tpm;taomuf tem a&m*gwdkYukdvkdufí tqif;trsKd;rsKd;jzpfonf/ rsm;aomtm;jzihf 0gazsmhazsmhtqif;&Sdonf/ - usiBf u;D tdraf e&mo@mef&o dS nf/ - usiBf u;D tdru f dk tajr;§ ywfvnfjzihf ykid ;f jcm; xm;onf/ - usiBf u;D tdro f nf csuaf tmufausm½k;d jrpf&if; wdkY\tMum; tl\tqkH;wGif tapmuftm;jzihf
15
(8)opf&Sdonf/ (aq;usr;f #DumwdüYk tl\tqk;H ü vuf(4)opf yrmP&So d nf[k qkMd uygonf/) Yk tlrBu;D \ok;H ykid ;f wkw Yd iG f - t|uxmq&mwdu wwd,ykid ;f ü usiBf u;D tdrw f nf&o dS nf[k qkyd g onf/ - ptk\ d twGi;f buf atmuftp? vufopf\ xuf 0 uf r S txuf w G i f vuf w pf o pf c ef Y yxrt&pf - ,if;txufwGif vufwpfqpfcGJpD 'kwd,? wwd,t&pfwdkYonf jzpfMuonf/ - ,if;t&pfrsm;onf c½koif;\t&pf? 0uftl \t&pfEiS w fh o l nf[k qkyd gonf/ - þptkdü avESifh usifBuD;wdkYwnf&Sdonf/ jrif;o½du k ef m (vdraf cgif;a&m*g) wdo Yk nf þ ptkd0üom jzpfMuonf/ ausmuf u yf ausmufuyfonf eDnKdaomtqif; o@mef&Sdonf/ - ESv;Hk rS aoG;txGut f 0if aoG;aMumBu;D wdrYk S tn§muho J Ykd aoG;aMumxGuí f þaoG;aMumrsm; pk½kH;í zGJU,Sufíjzpfaom t&m0w¦Kjzpfonf/ - atmufq;Hk eH½;Hk ESifh wG,q f ufaom ausm½k;d atmufwGif ausm½kd;(4)acsmif;twGif;ü uyf vsuw f nfonf/ þausmufuyf(2)ckwrYkd S taMum (1) ckpDwdkYonf atmufodkYoufí csufatmuf qD;tdrt f xufrS vQKí d `yeG u f o hJ w Ykd nfonf/ - þtaMumü tacgif;&So d nf/ - owå 0 gwd k Y \ ES v k H ; rS x G u f a omaoG ; onf ausmufuek ;f odaYk &mufonht f cg tcsKo d ;D jzpfí þausmufuyfrSxGufaom taMum\twGif; odYk avQmufNy;D vQif qD;tdro f aYdk &mufonf/ - qD;tdrw f iG ;f &Sd `yeG w f jH zihf atmufoo Ykd ufum t*FgatmufrS qD;xGuo f nf/ - ausmü uyfvsuaf eaom 0w¦KEpS cf jk zpfaom aMumifh ausmufuyf[k ac:Muonf/ - ausmufuyfrS qD;tdrfodkYoGm;aomaMumihf qD;aMum[lívnf; ac:onf/ quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf wuú o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r® m p&d , ?bD - at)
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
16
"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/
jrwfE;kd &aomrdwaf qG ]]uREykf o f o d nht f wkid ;f qd&k vQif qd;k npf aomolEpS Of ;D onf eD;eD;pyfpyf aygif;rdMuavav wpfOD;ay:wpfOD; ,kwfrmvmMuavav jzpf onf[k uREfkyfqdkcsifonf/ xdkolESpfOD;onf wpfO;D udw k pfO;D tEÅ&m,fjyKwwfMuonfjzpf&m xko d El pS Of ;D wGif wpfO;D u tEÅ&m,fjyKojl zpfvm Edik í f wpfO;D u tEÅ&m,ftjyKc&H oljzpfvmEdik f \/ xdt k cg tEÅ&m,fjyKoEl iS fh tEÅ&m,ftjyKc&H olwo Ykd nf rnfonhef nf;ESirfh Q rdwaf qGrjzpfEidk f [k uREykf , f q l csio f nf}} þum; rd w f a qG E S i h f p yf v sOf ; í qdkua&;wD;\ t,ltqjzpf\/ qdkua&;wD; onf rDeDZdernfaom vli,fudk rdwfaqGESihf pyf v sOf ; í aqG ; aEG ; \/ rd w f a qG [ l o nf wpfzufowfcspfaeoludk vnf;aumif;? tcspf cH&oloufoufudkvnf;aumif; rdwfaqG[k rac:Edik af Mumif;ESifh a&mifjyefoabm&Sjd cif;om rdwfaqG[kac:EdkifaMumif; aumufcsufcs\/ tusOf;tm;jzihf aqG;aEG;&mwGif taetxkdif? tajymtqdkESihf tawG;tBuH rGefjrwfvQif rnfolrqdk rdwfaqG[kac:qdkEdkifaMumif;jzihf aqG;aEG;jcif;udk tqH;k owf\/ qd k u a&;wD ; \tawG ; tjrif t & rdwaf qG[o l nfrmS vlEpS Of ;D &S&d efvt kd yf\/ ,if; ESpfOD;wGif wpfOD;OD;onf npfusL,kwfnHhvQif vnf;aumif;? ESpOf ;D pvH;k npfusL,kwrf mvQif vnf ; aumif ; rd w f a qG [ k rac:tyf a y/ aumif;rGefpifMu,faomolESihf rGefjrwfoefYpif aomol E S p f O D ; omvQif rd w f a qG j zpf E d k i f \ / xdaYk Mumifh rGejf rwfaomolonf tjcm;rGejf rwf aom rnfoEl iS rhf qkd rdwaf qGjzpfEikd af Mumif; ,lq \/ ,if;onf qdu k a&;wD;\ tawG;tac:t& jzpfay:vmaom t,ltqjzpf\/ qdkua&;wD;onf wuúodkvfrsm;odkY wufa&mufí ynmoif,zl ;l jcif;r&Sad omfvnf; ,cktcg urÇmhwuúodkvfrsm;ü ol\tawG; tac:rsm;udk avhvmoif,al eMu&\/ tod ynm "mwfcHaumif;rGefolwdkYtm; b0wpfck vHk;onf wuúodkvfyifjzpf\/ b0[laom jy|mef;pmr&Sdaom tcsdefjynhfausmif;BuD;ü tawGUtBuHKwdkif;onf oifcef;pmyifjzpf\/ ,if;oifcef;pmrsm;rS qef;opfNy;D rSeu f efaumif; jrwfaom tawG;tjrifwu Ykd kd azmfxw k &f ,lEikd f \/ qdu k a&;wD;onf b0wuúov kd \ f xm0& ausmif;om;Bu;D yif jzpf\/ todynmESihf tawG;tjrifwdkYonf
e'DoQH ('óe)
rnfrQyifao;i,fonfjzpfap? vlom;tm; e*dk taexuf ydkrdkaumif;rGefaponfomjzpf\/ ,if;aMumifh b0wuúov kd af usmif;om;wdo Yk nf &wemESihfwlaom todynm? A[kokwwdkYudk yrmPtm;jzihf y"merxm;rlí &,lEdkiforQ &,lMu\/ ,if;aMumihyf if olwo Ykd nf aoqH;k oGm;Muaomfvnf; olw\ Ykd tawG;tjrifwo Ykd nf aES m if ; vl o m;wd k Y jrwf E d k ; wef z d k ; xm;um avhvmoif,jl cif;jzihf &Sio f efvsu&f \ dS / owåavmuwGif txl;jcm;qHk;jzpf aom vl o m;\ouf w rf ; onf o m tuef Y towf&Sdí oif,lavhvmEdkifrIonf tuefY towfr&Sd jrihrf m;\/ rdu k u f ½dpk ukw[ f al om tPkMunhrf eS b f v D ;l atmufwiG rf S jrifEikd af om bDvD,Haygif;rsm;pGm&Sdaom OD;aESmufuvmyf pnf;rsm;udk vlom;wdo Yk nf ydik q f ikd \ f / ,if;ydik f qkid rf aI Mumihyf if rnfrQyifao;i,faomtajc taerS pwifc&hJ onfjzpfap vlom;onf rdrd ud, k rf rd d rjywfzUHG NzKd ;ap&ef vHv Yk jyK&if; jrihrf m; aomtajctaeodYk {uefa&muf&EdS ikd o f nfom jzpf\/ ,if;aMumihf tajrmftjriftm;aumif; aom ynm&Sdwpfyg;jzpfawmfrlaom oDw*l q&mawmf o nf tawG ; tac:qd k i f & m pum;wpfcGef;udk rdefYqdkcJh\/ ]]vlom;wdkY\oEÅmef0,f bmrqdk jzpfEdkifonhf tcGihf? rsdK;? rDZ? owåd"mwfwdkY arG ; uwnf ; u ud e f ; atmif ; yg0if w nf & S d aeMuavonf / ,if ; jzpf E d k i f c G i f h w d k Y u d k tusif h ? tvk y f ? ynmwd k Y j zih f arG ; jrL ayguf z G m ;apuk e f & m\/ oD v ? ynm?
0D & d , wd k Y j zif h ta&mif a wmuf t mif yG w f o yf M uuk e f & m\}} [k tawG ; tac: wpf & yf u d k oif M um;cJ h \ / tod y nmES i h f A[kokwwdkYudk iwfrGwfonhftoGifjzihf vdkvdk vm;vm;qnf;yl;avhvmcJhaom qkdua&;wD; \rd w f a qG E S i f h pyf v sOf ; í t,l t qonf tHhzG,fxl;jcm;vSyg\/ w&m;tvH k ; pH k u d k od a wmf r l a om w&m;&Sifonfvnf; rdwfaqGESihfywfoufí cGjJ cm;oGeo f if\/ rdrEd iS t hf uRr;f 0ifaomrdwaf qG onf ud, k t f rlt&m? EIwt f rlt&m? pdwt f rlt &m ½ke&Yf if;Murf;wrf;aomfvnf; rdwaf qG[k ac: Edik \ f / ,if;udk ]ygyrdw}å [k ac:qd&k \/ ,if; uJo h aYkd omrdwaf qGukd aygif;oif;vQif rdro d EÅmef ü&Sdaom tjyKoabmaqmifaom"mwfrsm;udk zsuq f ;D um tzsupf rG ;f tifrsm;udk ajymif;vJwyf qifay;rnf[k oGefoif\/ rdrdESihftuRrf;0if aom rdwaf qGonf ud, k ?f EIw?f pdwt f rlt&m tm;vHk; rGefjrwfoefYpifcJhaomf rdwfaqG[kyif ac:qd k & \/ ,if ; ud k ]]uvsmPrd w å } } [k ac:qdk&\/ ,if;rdwfaqGonf tjyKoabm pGr;f tifrsm;udk r&Sad o;vQif &Sv d map&efEiS fh &SEd iS fh NyD;u wdk;yGm;vmap&ef taxmuftuljyKrnf omjzpf\/ þodYk w&m;&Sio f nf cGjJ cm;oGeo f if \/ ]oifonf oifhtaygif;tazmfrdwfaqG\ a&mifjyef[yfru I kd a&Smifv&JG ef cufcrJ nf}} [k vnf;today;\/ rdwfaqGonf rdrd\b0tajctae tm; twkdif;twmwpfckxd oufa&mufrI&Sd aMumif;vnf; oGefoif\/ tZmwowfonf a'0'wf[al om ]ygyrdw}å aMumifh zGUH NzKd ;cGi&hf dS aom tjyKoabmpGrf;tifwdkY rsm;pGmavsmhyg; qH;k ½I;H cJ&h \/ edaj*m"omraP[laom uvsmP rdwåaMumihfyif oD&d"r®maomurif;BuD;onf omoemudk jyKpak xmufychH iG fh ukov kd x f ;l Bu;D udk &&S\ d / rdwaf qG\tcef;u@onf ta&;Bu;D aMumif; Ak'p¨ mayESio fh rkid ;f pmaywdw Yk iG f avhvm Edik \ f / ed*;kH csKyaf omf qdu k a&;wD;\ tawG; tac:tm;jzihf ud, k ?f EIw?f pdwf oH;k yg;aumif; onfreS yf gu rnforl qdk rdwaf qGjzpfEikd af Mumif; t,ltqudv k nf;aumi;f/ w&m;&Si\ f tvdk t& rdwaf qGonf ESprf sKd ;&Sad omfvnf; uvsmP rdwo å nfom rdwaf qGtppf[al om t,ltq udkvnf;aumif; odcGifh&cJh\/ ,if;todonf pmrsufESm 18 odkY
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/
17
oufowfvGwfpm; ukokdvfyGm; cspf a bm*(abmvnf )
a*gwrjrwfpmG bk&m;&SiEf iS fh **Fg0gvk oJ p k r u yG i h f a wmf r l c J h N yD ; aom or® m orÁ K '¨ bk&m;tqlqlwdkYonf av;toacsFESihf urÇm wpfodef;? yapöuAk'¨gwdkYonf ESpftoacsFESihf urÇmwpfodef;? t*¾om0uwdkYonf wpfto acsEF iS fh urÇmwpfoed ;f ? yg&rDawmfrsm; toD;oD; jznhu f sicfh &hJ oHo&mvnfc&hJ ayonf/ vlb Y 0 tBudrfBudrf? ewfjA[®mb0 tBudrfBudrf? i&J b0tBudrfBudrf? wd&pämefb0onfyif rvGwf cJyh gay/ bk&m;om0utrnfcH uREykf w f o Ykd nf bk&m;tqkH;trukd vspfvsL½Ium w&m;r&Sd? bmom omoemrod? 0dyóem ew¦d? 'ge? oDv? orxqko d nfum; a0;uGmae\ qkv d Qif awmh ]]i&Jcsnw f ikd }f } onf ,ckb0qk;H onfEiS fh jyefvnfqif;ouf&vdrfhrnfrSm rkcsrvGJygay/ i&Jcsnw f idk o f Ykd rusa&muf&avatmif? vlru dk f wdkYoGm;&mvrf;? vlrkdufwdkY cE¨mtdrfrjzpf&av atmif owd a y;Ek d ; aqmf & if ; jzih f "r® ' gejyK a&;om;tyfygonf/ vlYabmifavmu? vlYb0ü vlrkduf b0 usifvnfMu&mwGif ywf0ef;usifonf ta&;BuD;ygonf/ vlrkdufwdkY\ywf0ef;usifü Bu;D jyif;&olonf vlru dk w f \ Ykd tqif;? toH? teHY? t&om? txdtawGUwdkYu xkdol\ pdwf tpOfudk vTr;f rk;d í pGx J ifuse&f pf\/ xko d abm ukd ]]umrkyg'gef}} [kac:\/ vlru dk w f \ Ykd tjrif vnf; pGJxifusef&pf\/ xkdoabmukd ]]'d|K yg'gef}} [kac:\/ vlru dk w f \ Ykd tavhtusifh onfvnf; pGJxifusef&pf\/ xkdoabmukd
]]oDvAÁwkyg'gef}} [k a c:\/ vl r k d u f w d k Y \ t,l 0 g'onf v nf ; pG J x if u sef & pf \ / xkdoabmukd ]]twå0g'k yg'gef}} [k ac:\/ vlru dk w f \ Ykd ywf0ef;usiw f iG f Bu;D jyif;vmolonf vl r k d u f v d k y if pOf ; pm;awG ; ac:qk H ; jzwf \ / xkdYenf;wl ynm&Sd olawmfaumif;? vlvdr®m ywf0ef;usiüf Bu;D jyif;&olonfvnf; eD;pyf&m ywf0ef;usiftvdkuf pOf;pm;\/ awG;ac:\/ qk;H jzwf\/ vkyu f idk af qmif&u G \ f / ynm&Sd olawmfaumif;w&m;ukd vuf wpfurf;üyif qnf;yl;&&SEd idk af om ,aeYumv ax&0g' Ak'o ¨ moem? 0dbZÆomoem xGe;f um; vSygaom jrefrmEkid if BH u;D wGif a&vku d v f aJG eygu ]]OD;csvl}} vdk jzpfoGm;ayrnf/ OD;csvlonf &efuek Nf rKUd ? a&Tw*d aHk pwDawmfjrwfBu;D \ ajrmuf bufrck t f eD; aemifawmfBu;D bk&m;wGif ykw;D pdwf Ny;D aemuf apwDatmufbuf aoG;aq;uef&&dS m tmZmenfuek ;f odYk avQmufvrS ;f cJyh gonf/ xko d Ykd avQmufvmpOf ½kww f &uf owdvpfí vJus oG m ;ygonf / OD ; acgif ; xJ aemuf u sd u sd j zih f owdjyef&vmí rsupf Ed pS v f ;Hk tm;,lziG Mfh unhf vku d cf sed w f iG f aEG;axG;pGmjzihf rdrt d m; bke;f awmf BuD;wpfyg; az;rulnDxm;onfukd odvkduf& awmhonf/ ]]'umBu;D owd&Nyv D m;}} ]]rSeyf ghb&k m;}} ]]b,fujdk yef&rvJ}} ]]a&Tjynfomyg bk&m;}} ]]'gqkd bke;f Bu;D ausmif; onfem;rSm &Sw d ,f? acwåvu kd ef m;ygvm; 'umBu;D }}
]]þod k Y j zih f OD ; csvl aoG ; aq;uef ta&SUbuf&dS bke;f awmfBu;D \ &wemrmefatmif ausmif;wkdufodkY a&muf&SdoGm;avonf/ bkef; awmfBu;D onf omauwNrKUd ü bk&m;wnfco hJ l jzpfavonf/ ausmif;ay:a&mufrS bke;f awmf Bu;D \ajymjycsut f & omrnq&mawmfBu;D \ vl Y b 0 nD t uk d & if ; txuf a tmuf j zpf N yD ; bke;f awmfBu;D rSm tpfuBdk u;D jzpfaMumif; tHMh opGm odcJh&ayonf/ oufowfvGwfpm; usifhpOf apmifhxdef;cJhjcif;rSmvnf; omrnq&mawmf xuf a&S;usí tESpf(20) BuKdwifusihfcJhrSef; odvkduf&ay\/ OD;csvo l nfvnf; 0gwGi;f (3)v ykrH eS f oufowfvw G pf m; usiBfh uaH pmihx f ed ;f cJo h nfrmS (10)ESpf&SdavNyD/ OD;csvl oufowfvGwfpm; usih f p Of u uk o d k v f & onf q k d o nh f tod r Q avmufom odcyhJ gonf/ bke;f awmfBu;D ESifh awGUrS acwf o pf a'0'wf a emuf v k d u f r jzpf & ef ta&;Bu;D aMumif; todx;l rsm; &cJyh gavonf/ oufowfvGwfpm;&mwGif usef;rma&;twGuf em;rvnf ? BuKH & mES i h f p m;? pD ; yG m ;a&;jynh f p k H vkaH vmuforl [kwf qif;&Jom; oufowfvw G f pm;oljzpfojzihf qifjciftodw&m;rJh ,ckuJh od k Y tm;tif u k e f c rf ; rl ; arh v J u sonf t xd rusihfoihfaMumif;udkvnf; bkef;awmfBuD;u qk;H rMo0g' ay;vku d af yonf/ ]]uJ- a'0'wfaemufvkduf rjzpf& atmif i&Jcsnw f idk f ra&muf&atmif a'0'wf \ jzpfpOf w&m;emoGm;ygOD; 'umOD;csv}l } jrwf p G m bk & m;onf om0w¦ d j ynf aZw0efausmif;awmfwGif oDwif;okH;aeawmf rlpOfu jzpf\/ &Sio f m&dyw k &å mESifh &Siaf rm*¾vef wdo Yk nfvnf; jrwfpmG bk&m;ESit fh wlyif aZw0ef ausmif ; awmf ü oD w if ; ok H ; aeawmf r l M u\/ &S i f a '0'wf u m; aZw0ef a usmif ; awmf ü oDwif;rok;H ? &mZN*K[ d jf ynfü oDwif;ok;H av\/ ykxkZOfavmuü ynmyg&rD r&ifh usuf a o;ol w d k Y u trsm;qk H ; jzpf a v\/ &Sifa'0'wfonfvnf; wpfOD;tygt0ifjzpf onf/ a'0'wfonf omuD0ifrif;om; jzpf\/ ,aom"&m\armifvnf;jzpf\/ avmuDpsmef tbdnmOfudk &olvnf;jzpfonf/ &Siaf '0'wf \vl M urf ; b0uk d aemuf c H j yKí jrwf p G m bk&m;\ yg&rDwo Ykd nf ykí d ykí d om jynhv f m cJh\/ a'0'wfonf twdkuftcHenf;rsm;
DHAMMA TALKS
18
"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/
jzih f rd r d b 0tysuf c H u m wpf e nf ; wpf z k H yg&rD j znh f & m a&muf a omaMumih f oem; p&maumif;oltjzpfvnf; jrif&ayonf/ aemufurÇmwpfodef; tvGefü ]]t|dó&}} trnfjzihf yapöuAk'¨g jzpfayvdrhfrnf/ &Siaf '0'wf\ yapöuAk'g¨ jzpfEidk o f nhf yg&rDukd BuD;pGmowdxm;í todtrSwfjyK& ayvdrhfrnf/ bk&m;omoemESihf BuKHawGUcGihf& atmif yg&rDx;l rsm; xlaxmifco hJ nfrmS vnf; &S d c J h a y\/ bk & m;omoemtwG i f ; ü psmef tbdnmOf&jcif;u oufaoxlxm;ygonf/ &Sifa'0'wf epfemoGm;onfu ypöKyÜefumv bk&m;omoemESifh BuKaH wGUaewke;f opömav;yg; 0dyóemw&m;onf bk&m;wpfql yGihfxGef; ay:aygufvmjcif;\ tESpo f m&w&m;awmfEiS fh vG&J oGm;jcif;yif jzpfayonf/ 'ge? oDv? orx? arwåmyGm;jcif; w&m;ESifh orxpsmef avmuDtbdnmOf &onhf usihfpOfw&m;rsm;onf omoemyumvüyif &S d a eaom usih f p Of w &m;rsm;jzpf a yonf / omoemwGi;f umv bk&m;wpfqyl iG x fh eG ;f awmf rl j cif ; rS jzpf a y:vmaom opö m av;yg;? 0dyóemw&m;awmf\ "r®&o tESpo f m&ukd &S i f a '0'wf ÓPf r suf p d u ef ; aecJ h y gonf / udavomtnpftaMu;rQyif ruif;pifao; onhf &Siaf '0'wfonf rlvyifu, dk f p½du k q f ;dk nOfq;dk 0goemqk;d wdaYk Mumihf tNrw J rf; Akv d v f yk f csifoljzpfonf/ xkdYaMumifh bk&m;ukdowf&ef tBud r f B ud r f B uKd ; yrf ; jcif ; jzpf \ / (avmbwPSm) t&Sed rf owf? owdoaH 0* ryGm;Ekid &f mS ay/ wpfzef todÓPfynmenf;í qifjcif w&m;enf;ol? rsm;aomvlw\ Ykd tBuKu d ?f "avh p½k d u f u d k v nf ; yg;eyf p G m od x m;aom &Sifa'0'wfjzpfonf/ avmu"r®wmt& þavmuwGi-f (1) ½kyftqihfudktaMumif;jyKí MunfnKd ol okH;ykHwGif ESpfykH&Sd\/ (2) ausmfapmrIudk taMumif;jyKí MunfnKd ol ig;ykHav;ykH&Sd\/ (3) acgif ; yg;aomtusih f u d k taMumif ; jyKí MunfnKdol q,fykH ukd;ykH&Sd\/ (4) rS e f u ef a om"r® u k d taMumif ; jyKí MunfnKdol wpfodef;ykHvQif wpfykHom&Sd\ [k t|uxm q&mrsm;? owf r S w f c suf &S d a v\/ a'0'wf Ak d v f v k y f & ef t awG ; jzih f vl B uKd u f r sm;aom ]]acgif;yg;aomtusihf}} jzihf qGaJ qmif&vQif jrwfpmG bk&m;\ wynhf om; om0ursm; ihgbufodkYygvmEkdif\[k a'0'wf ÓPfxw k í f atmufyg awmif;qkcd suf
(5)yg; ay;awmfryl g&ef &[ef;&Siv f l y&dwo f wf rsm; tv,f ü bk & m;&S i f x H avQmuf x m; awmif;qkad vonf/ (1) &[ef;tm;vkH;wdkYonf toufxufqkH; awmausmif;üom oDwif;okH;aeMu&ef/ (2) &[ef;tm;vk;H yihzf w d q f rG ;f ukd vufrcH? qGrf;cHíom bkOf;ay;&ef/ (3) toufxufqkH; yefYoulouFef;ukdom 0wf½k Ho k H ; aqmif M u&ef / (4) opfwpfyif&if;wnf;[laom ausmif;ü om oDwif;okH;Mu&ef/ (5) trJ o m;? ig;wd k Y u k d rok H ; aqmif (oufowfvw G )f qGr;f udo k m bkO;f ay;Muyg &ef- jzpfayonf/ &Sifa'0'wf\ awmif;qkd csuf r sm;rS m oH o &mrS vG w f a jrmuf j cif ; iS m tusKd;rjyKEkdifaomaMumihf jrwfpGmbk&m;u cGihfrjyKacs/ Ak'¨omoemwGif oufowfvGwf pm;usihfpOf pwifusihfokH;&ef awmif;qkdolrSm a'0'wfjzpfaeonf/ ax&0g' Ak'o ¨ moemü ig;yg;? &Spyf g;? q,f y g; ponf h oD v rsm; aqmuf w nf í avmuokH;yg;ESihf ewfjA[®m? owå0gtrsm; tm;vkH;wdkYukd arwåmykdYo yGm;rsm;aejcif;onf ouf o wf v G w f p m;jcif ; xuf yk d í jrwf v S ayonf/ xkrd w S pfqihw f ufí 0dyóemusipfh Of rsm;udyk g wwfprG ;f oa&GU tm;xkwo f ihaf yonf/ 0dyóemw&m; usiyfh mG ;&mwGif ynwfw&m;ESifh y&rw¦w&m;ukd tajccH ykid Ef idk pf mG odxm;oihf ygonf/ vl [kac:qk&d aom cE¨mig;yg;ukd y#dpö orkyÜg'fw&m;jzihf Munhfaomtcg t0dZÆm? ocFg&? 0dnmPf? emrf½yk ?f oVm,we? zó? a0'em? wPSm? Oyg'gef? b0? Zmwd? Z&m? r&P? aomu? y&da'0? 'ku©? a'greó? Oyg,mo wkdYonfom jzpfMu\/ þuJhodkY y&rw¦ w &m;tvk d t & owå 0 grS e f o rQuk d y&rw¦ w &m;jzih f ppf w rf ; xk w f v k d u f a omf a,musfm;? rdef;r? vl? owå0gr&Sd? ½kyfw&m; emrfw&m;? "r®obm0w&m;rsm;om &Sdav onf/ r[m0*¾o, H w k yf gVd? y'Daygyrokwüf jrwfpmG bk&m; a[mawmfro l nfrmS ]]&[ef;wdYk þomoemawmfü &[ef; onf uk, d rf yifyef; pdwrf yifyef; rpGv J rf;rlí tmo0wdkYrS vGwfajrmufEkdif&m\ tvdk&SdcJhrl tmemygeowdEiS fh ,SOaf om 0ifavxGuaf v ukd yGm;rsm;owduyfí orm"dukd aumif;pGm ESv;Hk oGi;f tyf\[k a[mawmfr\ l / wpfzef opöoH,kwf ("r®pMum) ü a[mawmfrlonfrSm-
&[ef;wdYk t&d,mjzpfvadk om tusifh jrwf u k d usih f v k d a om&[ef ; &S i f v l w k d Y o nf umr*kPcf pH m;jcif;ESifh rdru d , dk pf w d q f if;&Jjcif;ukd jzpfapwwfaom t,kww f &m; (2)yg;jzpfonhf umr*kPcf sr;f omukd cHpm;aom umrokcv’u d enf ; ES i h f cE¨ m uk d , f u k d qif ; &J p G m usih f e nf ; jzpfaom twåudvrxm Eka,m* t,kwf w&m;ukd y,fMuOf&rnf[k a[mawmfrcl ahJ y\/ xkaYd Mumifh oufowfvw G pf m;usio fh l rsm;onf txufygw&m;awmfrsm;ukd avhvm rS w f o m;í ouf o wf v G w f w &m; tppf trS e f jzpf a om atmuf y gw&m;awmf u k d owd c syf r S w f o m;í enf ; rS e f v rf ; rS e f usihfokH;Ekdif&ef jrwfAk'¨ ñTefjycJhyg\/ touf&adS om owå0gwdt Yk m; 1/ rdrdtwGuf &nf&G,fNyD;owfaejcif;ukd jrif&jcif;? ('d|) 2/ owif;pum;Mum;od&jcif;? (okw) 3/ oHo,ruif;jcif; (y&douØw) [lonhf tpG e f ; ok H ; yg;rS uif ; &S i f ; onh f tom; [if;vsmukd pm;oH;k cGijfh yKcJah y\/ oufowf vG w f pm;usih f o l r sm;onf uk o d k v f & onf ? aumif;jrwfonfqkdonfrQ od½kHavmufjzihf rvkaH vmufay/ rdrw d Ykd ,ckvuf&dS &&Sx d m;aom vlYb0oufwrf;? wefzkd;qkH;½IH;í tBudrfBudrf usifvnfcJhNyD;jzpfonhf ]]i&Jcsnfwkdif}} qDodkY jyef r a&muf M u&ef tod w &m;? owd x m; usiBfh uaH exkid o f mG ;Ekid Mf u&ef pma&;ol odxm; orQ u½k P myG m ;í arwå m xm;um rQa0 "r®'gejyKtyfygonf/ rSjD irf;- ck'u ´ edum,f? ,ru0*f? a'0'w¦0w¦K "r®pMum opöo, H w k ?f r[m0*¾o, H w k f cspf a bm*(abmvnf ) pmrsufESm 16 rS uREykf w f t Ykd m; rdwaf qGEiS pfh yfvsO;f í rSeu f efpmG a&G;cs,w f wf&ef tvif;a&mifay;\/ odaYk omf uREfkyfwdkYudk,fwkdifonfvnf; jrwfEdk;tyfaom rdwfaqGjzpf&ef OD;pGmBudK;pm;oihf\/ ,if;odkY jzpf&efrmS uREykf w f \ Ykd ud, k ?f EIw?f ESv;kH oH;k yg;udk rG e f j rwf a p&ef wnf a qmuf & rnf j zpf \ / ,if;odw Yk nfaqmufjcif;onf ]]twåor®m yPd "d}} [laom tjriho f aYkd &mufaponhf avSum; yifjzpf\[k w&m;&Sio f nf oGeo f if\/ td.k . w&m;&Si?f t&Si\ f oGeo f ifro I nf jynhpf akH vpG wum;.../ jrwf E d k ; ? OD ; cd k u f y l a Zmf y g\ w&m;&Sif/ rSjD irf;- Zdew¬yumoeDusrf; (usD;oJav;xyfq&mawmf) yavwd;k ed'gef; (aZmf*s)D e'DoQH ('óe)
DHAMMATALKS "r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mjzLpifjrihfjrwfrI 0de,udkaqmifEkdifMu&efjzpfonf/
19
r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmfbk&m;BuD; rdefYMum;awmfrlaom
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- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON ANAPANA DIPANI
20
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THE ANAPAN OR THE MANUAL OF MINDF by
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Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, TRANSLATED into English by U Sein Nyo VIII The First Tetrad (I) The yogi (one devoted to mental training) mindfully exhales an out-breath, and mindfully inhales an in-breath. (II) When a long breath is exhaled, he knows that he exhales a long out-breat. When a long breath is inhaled, he knows that he inhales a long in -breath. When a shrot breath is exhaled, he knows that he exhales a short out-breath. When a short breat is inhaled, he knows that he inhales a short in-breath. (III) While exhaling, he tries to experience the entire out-breath its beginning, middle, and end. While inhaling, he tries to experience the entire in-breath its beginning, middle and end. (IV) As he exhales, he tries to allay and clam down the out-breath. As he inhales, he tries to allay and calm down the inbreath. (I) So sato'va assasati sato' va passasati. . . (II) D1gham va- assasanto d1gham assa-sam1ti paja-na-ti. D1 . . gham va passasanto digham passasam1ti pajanati. Rassam va . . assasanto rassam assasa-miti paja-na-ti. Rassam va- passasanto rassam passasamiti pajanati. (III) Sabbaka-yappatisamvedi assasissam1ti sikkhati. . Sabbakayappatisamvedi passasissamiti sikkhati, . (IV) Passambhayam ka-yasankha-ram assasissa-m1ti . . sikkhati. Passambhayam kayasankharam passasissam1ti sikkhati. In the first stage, the attempt has to be made to keep the attention firmly fixed on the out-breath and the in-breath. In the second stage, the attempt has to be made to perceive the long and short out-breath and in-breath respectively as long and short. In the third stage, the attempt has to be made to experience the entire out-breath and in-breath the beginning, middle and end. In the fourth stage, the attempt has to be made to allay and calm down the out-breaths and in-breaths until they become extremely gentle. In the first stage, it is as yet not possible to perceive
- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A NAPANA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/
21
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NA DIPANI R FULNESS OF BREATHING y
Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt. o Tun, Late of The Indian Civil Service. wd? od\/ 'DC0H g? &Snpf mG rlvnf;/ yóoaEÅm? 0ifouf½o I nf&adS omf? 'DCH? &SnfpGm/ yóomrDwd? 0ifouf ig½I\[lí/ yZmemwd? od\/ &óH0g? wdpk mG rlvnf;/ (a&SUtwdik ;f teufqakd v) (3) oAÁum,yÜ#o d aH 0'D? xGuo f uf\ tpç tv,fç tqH;k tukev f ;kH xifvif;onf/ [kwmG ? jzpfí/ tóodómrd? xGuo f ufvw T af ytH/h £wd? þod/Yk oduw © ?d tm;xkw\ f / oAÁum,yÜ#o d aH 0'D? 0ifouf\tpç tv,fç tqH;k tukev f ;kH xifvif;onf/ [kwmG ? jzpfí/ yóodómrd? 0ifouf½aI ytH/h £wd? þod/Yk oduw © ?d tm;xkw\ f / (4) um,ocFg&H? xGuo f uf[al om um,ocFg&ud/k yórÇ,H yórÇ ,aEÅm? tpOftwkid ;f csKyNf ird ;f apvsu/f tómodómrd? xGuo f ufvw T f aytH/h £wd? þod/Yk oduw © ?d tm;xkw\ f / um,ocFg&H? 0ifouf[al om um,ocFg&udk/ / wlNyD (¤if;yxr pwkut ú euf) tusOf;aqmifyk'f owdNr&J m? yxrm? 'k-rSm? &Sn-f wdo k /d vH;k pHv k if;&m? w- üom? p-rSm Nird ;f apbd/ (1) yxrcPf;rSm xGuo f ufç 0ifoufw•Ykd owdNrrJ u I kd tm;xkwf &onf/ (2) 'kw, d cPf;rSm xGuo f ufç 0ifoufwüYkd &Snv f Qi&f n S o f nf [k wdv k Qif wko d nf[k odatmif tm;xkw&f onf/ (3) wwd,cPf;rSm xGuo f ufç 0ifoufwu Ykd kd tpç tv,fç tqH;k xifvif;atmif tm;xkw&f onf/ (4) pwkwc¬ Pf;rSm ½ke&Yf if;aom xGuo f ufç 0ifoufwu Ykd kd tpOf twkid ;f csKyNf ird ;f apí odraf rGUíoGm;atmif tm;xkw&f onf/ pwkuúav;ckt"dyÜg,ftusOf;NyD;\/ ygXfavQmuft"dyÜm,f (1) yxrtcPf;rSm- t&Snftwdk ponfwdkYudk ESvHk;roGif; Edik af o;? ESmoD;zsm;üaomfvnf;aumif;? txufEw I cf rf;zsm;üaomfvnf; aumif;? xGuo f uf0ifoufw\ Ykd xdrcI u kd rf I xif&mS ;&m wckcak omXmeü pdwfudk cdkifNrJpGmpdkufxm;í xGufwdik f;0ifwkdif; odatmiftm;xkwf&onf/ wpfem&Dç ESpef m&D ponfjzihf wwfprG ;f Edik o f rQ umvywfv;kH xdXk meü pdwo f nf csnaf ESmifxm;bdouJo h Ykd ckid Nf rpJ mG aeí xGuo f rQ 0iforQukd wckrvGwf odryI ikd Ef ikd o f nfwikd af tmif tm;xkw&f onf/ yxrtcPf ; NyD ; \/
such details as the length of the out-breaths and in-breaths. In this stage, one has to keep one's attention on the itp of the nose or the upper lip, as the case may be, wherever the striking of the out-breaths and in-breaths can be clearly grasped, and the attempt must be made to be a ware of every out-breath and inbreath that occurs. The attempt must be made for one or two hours, or for whatever length of time one is able to put forth effort, during which the attention must be firmly tied to the tip of the nose or the upper lip. The attempt must be persisted with until every out-breath and in-breath is perceived, without any breath escaping attention. In the second stage, when the keeping of the attention on the out-breaths and in-breaths has been mastered, one has to attempt to perceive the long out-breath and in-breath as long, and the short out-breath and in-breath as short. Even during the space of one sitting, long as well as short breaths occur. Every long breath and every short breath must be perceived as such, and the perception must cover every breath, without missing even one out-breath or one in-breath. When the out-breaths and in-breaths are exhaled and inhaled slowly, they are long, and when they are exhaled and inhaled quickly, they are short. Thus. perceiving the long the short out-breaths and in-breaths consists of perceiving the slow and quick out-breaths and in-breaths. In the third stage, when the perception of the long and short out-breaths and in-breaths has been mastered, every breath occuring within the body must be experienced in tis entirety, irght from its starting point within the body through ints middle to the point where it ends within the body, the extremities of the breath (start or end as the case may be) being at the tip of the nost and at the nabel. In the fourth stage, when the expeiencing of every breath in its entirety has been mastered, the coares or rough breaths must be clamed down and allayed by degrees, until ultimately the stage is reached when one thinks that one's out-breaths and inbreaths have entirely disappeared.
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- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON ANAPANA DIPANI
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pmrsufESm 12 rS
om aumif;rGepf mG xGuaf y:vmEdik zf v Ykd ykd gonf/ þod k Y yd # uwf t axmuf t xm;ç rnfoYkd oabmxm;rnfenf;}} ]]t&Sifbk&m; tu,fí okemy&EÅ orkdif;oufaoom"ursm;ESifh vufawGUb0 wkdif;om;wdkYonf wynhfawmftm; "m;jzihf txifu&jrifawGU&rIrsm;udk ½Ijrifowdxm;ç taoowfcJhaomf udk,fESihftouf• NiD;aiGU qifjcifÓPfymG ;um ]]cEÅpD r*Fvm}} tpOfruGm d yf gonf/ pufqkyfíaoapEdkifrnhf vufeufudk&Smaom MuapzdYk today;a&;om;vku qif ; &J c srf ; om owå 0gtaygif; t&Sifbk&m;\ wynhfom;rsm;&SdMu\/ igum; aumif ; usd K ;vd k & mqE´ j ynh f 0 Muygap/ aoapEdik o f nfh vufeufukd r&SmbJ &ay\[lí oabmxm;ygrnf}} [k jyefvnfavQmufxm;&m bk&m;&SifrS om"kac:awmfrlí vdk&mc&D;odkY pmuk d ; yd#uwftESpfcsKyf? rZÑdredum,f cGifjyKawmfrlonf/ vl o nf avmuü &S i f o ef a epOf "r®mp&d,- OD;armifarmifav;/ umvtwGi;f rdr\ d cE¨mud, k w f iG f rsupf çd em;ç rwå & mq&mawmf ? ESmacgif;ç vQmç ud, k çf pdw[ f al om taMumif; arSm f bD q &mod e f ; BuD ; / okw (a&ToHvGif) w&m;rsm;aygif;pkum &Sad eaomaMumifh jyifyrS tqif;ç toHç teHçY t&omç awGUxdp&mç BuH awG;p&mtm½Hrk sm;pGmESihf BuKH qx kH cd u dk cf pH m;vdu k f Muaomtcg vufcHoabmusvdkY ESpfoufrI toGiftjyifudk ESvHk;oGif;qifjcifvkdufvQif wyfrufrI &m*w&m;aygufzGm;um vufrcH oabmrus rESpo f ufvYkd tjypfjrif ESv;kH oGi;f qifjcifvkdufjyefvQif Murf;axmfqdk;0g; a'go w&m;rsm; jzpfay:vmawmh\/ wpfcgwpf&w H iG f k w Ykd iG f owd jrifrçI Mum;rIç eHrçI taMumif;tpkpw r0if ÓPfrjrifbJ awGa0axGjym; arm[w&m; ESifh pcef;oGm;aeMuonfvnf;&So d nf/ trSew f u,fwiG f tqd;k avmu"HwiG f BuKH awmhvnf;raMumuf? taumif;avmu"HEiS hf qHkawmhvnf; rajrmufbJ? rSm;rSefaumif;qdk; taMumif;tusKd ;udk odjrifoabmayguf ÓPf oufa&mufí todw&m;ESihf owdxm;um ]]ESv;kH om;cHpm;rI\ yJw h ifo}H } rsm; csKd at;Munf
&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifw h nfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0uk&d ifqidk v f suf atmifjrifpGm jzwfoef;EkdifMuzkdY "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/
TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA "r®0D&onf ax&0g' ]oeEÅ&}xGef;um;&efjzpfonf/
23
jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdk Y ü t&n0goDawm&yfrSDvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom
r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD&ifawmfrlaom "ar®m0g'uxm
omoemawmfBuD; \ a&aomufjrpfoHk;oG,f (omoemtydkif;) (,cif t ywf r S t quf )
oDvodu©mu raumif;rIudk y,fonfqdkaomfvnf; txufyg odu©moHk;qihfwdkY\ aumufcsufrsm;onf y"me w&m;udk,ftjzpfjzihfom ñTef;qdk\/ odkYr[kwf tydkif;wpfckpD\ wm0efcH tjzpfudkomjyqdk\/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf raumif;rIukd oDvwpfcw k nf;u tqH;k ustxd r&dwv f ;DS Edik f aomaMumihw f nf;/ aumif;rIuv kd nf; orm"dwpfcw k nf;u tqH;k ustxd ulrjznhf Ekid af omaMumihw f nf;/ pdwjf zLrIuv kd nf; ynmwpfcw k nf;u tqH;k ustxd ulrodEidk f aomaMumihw f nf;/ tqih[ f al ompum;onf wuGw J jym;pD\ pum;[kwaf cs/ wpfct k ay:0,f wpfcq k ifí h wd;k jri§ afh y;&aompum;\ t&m yifwnf;/ jynfaxmifpt k vHawmfBu;D udk armfwifpeG ;f rSae jynfaxmifpyk JG usi;f yae&mtxd vufqihu f rf;o,f,o l nf/ þpum;onf wpfNrKd Ue,frw S pfNrKd Ue,f? wpfwikd ;f rS wpfwikd ;f ? wpfa,mufrS wpfa,muf tqihq f ihf vufqihu f rf;o,f,jl cif;\ rlyikd pf um;wpfv;kH yif jzpfacsonf/ onfyh rmvQio f v D orm"d ynmwd\ Yk usipfh Oftqihq f ifo h nf vnf; raumif;rItqufquf y,fzsu&f müvnf; odum© pHk tukeq f ifh vsufyg&\/ aumif;rItqufquf xrf;&Gu&f müvnf; odum© pHk tukeq f ifh vsufyg&\/ pdwjf zLoefrY t I qufquf jznhu f su&f müvnf; odum© pHk tukef qihfvsufhyg&\/ odaYk Mumih.f ..igpGaJ Mumihjf zpfaom raumif;rIro S nf BuKd upf JG rBuKd upf JG rodppJG onfrsm;aMumihjf zpfaom raumif;rItm;vH;k rsK;d wH;k ap &mü oDvudk wm0efct H &mxm; ,if;oDv\ tMum; orm"dynmoGi;f ay;xm;rSom atmifEidk &f monf/ onft h wl uHuo k v dk rf o S nf psmefuo k v kd ?f ÓPfuo k v kd w f ikd f atmifaom aumif;rIpk jyKusi&fh mü orm"dt&if;cHxm; oDvynmqifh íyGm;...
wpfzef uHuo k v kd \ f tusK;d quf psmefuo k v dk \ f tusK;d quf ÓPfuo k v kd \ f tusK;d quf jrwfpw d rf sm; ouf&müvnf; ynmudk t&m cHt&mxm; oDvorm"dtm; qihu f myGm;jzihf tm;jznf&h onfom/ tykdif;wpfckwpfck0,f odu©moHk;oG,fpHk tukefjc,fvS,fum usihfaqmif&yHkrsm;? ,if;tydkif;rsm; tus,fzGihfjy&m pum;&yfrsm;udk avhvmjcif;jzihf oabmaygufMu&monf/ odu©moHk;qifhwdkYESihf ÓPftqihf 1/ oDvodu©mtm;onf owd\ aphpyftm;ukd t&,lvsufu atmifvHxl\/ 2/ orm"dou d m© tm;onf owd\ pl;pdu k t f m;udk t&,lvsuu f atmifvHxl\/ 3/ ynmodum© tm;onf xdEk pS cf ak emuf todaxmuf tm;udk t& ,lvsuu f atmifvx H \ l / a,m*Donf 1/ oDvodum© ac: usipfh Ofü aphpyfaomrSwcf suf rSwt f m;rsm; udk r@dKix f m;um orm"dac: trSw\ f pl;pdu k t f m;? ynmac: tod\ oJuGJtm;rsm;udkum; omreftjzpfxm;jzihf ÓPftqihf wufvmcJhacs aomf... r*¾it f &mü vu©Pmtjrif r*ft&müaomwmyef ou'g*grftqift h xd wufciG &fh o dS nf/ rSwfcsuf/ / txufr*fEpS cf t k xd wufvrkd I taocHtusijhf zihf usiNfh y;D aemuf aw0dZmÆ (yk't d m) tjzpfjzihf c&D;aygufEidk o f nf/ 2/ orm"dou d m© ac: usipfh Ofü aphpyftm;omru pl;pdu k cf stm;yg epfjr§Kyfxm;aom rSwfcsuftm;rsm;udk r@dKifxm;? ynmac: tod\ oJut JG m;rsm;udu k m; omreftm;jzihf ÓPftqihw f ufvmcJah csaomf r*¾it f &müum; &otjrif r*ft&müum; tem*grftjrifjzihw f ufciG &fh o dS nf/ rSwfcsuf/ / txufr*fwufvrkd I tvl;tvJ tusijfh zihf usiNfh y;D rSom qVmbdnm(tbdnmOfajcmufyg;ESiw hf v JG su)f &[EÅmjzpfEidk o f nf/ 3/ ynmodum© ac:aom usipfh Ofü owd\aphpyftm;? pl;pdu k t f m; ESpyf g;udk tazmfjyKum jzpforQysuo f rQt&Sw D pfxw d nf;xd? wpfow d nf; odaom todwjYkd zihf wufvmygrlum; r*¾it f &müvnf; ypöKy|meftjrif r*ft&müvnf; y#dord'Ç gywå &[EÅmt&Sijf zpfeidk o f nf/
DHAMMA VIRA'S SYMBOLIST POETRY
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]oeEÅ&} [lonf urÇmtpOftquf razmufrjyef rSefpGmwnf&Sdaom w&m;jzpfonf/
w&m;rSwfí pm;tyf\ aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq&mawmfbk&m;BuD; zG J U qkda &;om;yla Zmft yfa om ed A Á d E ´ a w;xyf Ä
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t0dZmÆ ydwu f mqk?Yd rdpmä NrKUd jyifjyif? £|mvdYk cifrifvQif vGipfh ifrnfrvJ/G Ä t&Gwpf k tykyaf umifu?kd t[kwaf ,mif rSm;zkw Yd efe/J
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tokb½kyw f apäi,f? r[kwaf v uk, d x f /J
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tykyfa&pkdw&TJ[mrkdY? ,kdrpJolrSm? aoG; onf;ajc jynfovdyaf wGu? wnfrqdwf vQr;f jynho f nfom/
Ä
odu Yk avmuf&pHG &mygu?dk vGew f PSmrufpv JG ?Ykd puf0rJ mS wayay? rGe;f epfMuyav/
Ä
wPSmzrf;wJh tuef;awGrSm tyef;rajy rkdufarm &SmMuav/
Ä
wPSmrl;wJh t½l;awGrSm? trl;rajy rkdufarm &SmMuav/
Ä
wPSmvku d w f hJ trku d af wGrmS ? t[ku d rf ajy yifyef; &SmMuav/
&[ef;ç &Sifç vl olawmfpiftaygif; owdoHa0* &M u yg a paomf / þü vu©P? &o? ypöKy|mef[al om pum;oH;k cGe;f aw0dZmÆ ? qVmbdnm? y#dord'Ç g[laom pum;oH;k cGe;f ¤if;wdu Yk kd xyfqih&f iS ;f vif;p&m vdrk nfxif\/ vu©Pm[lonf ½Iuu G &f u dS kd t&dyt f a&mifrQ odyikd jf cif;wnf;/ &o[lonf ½Iuu G &f u dS kd olu Y pd t ö xd &dyrf v d mjcif;wnf;/ ypöKy|mef[o l nf ½Iuu G &f u dS kd twdtusciG v f ;kH ydik o f cd iG &fh jcif;
Ä
xrif;yGJa&SUrSm a&mufcdkuf *½kpu kd v f u kd yf g? touf½LS &m? oH;k av;cg owdjyKrcd grS xrif;yef;uef,u l mr OD;pGmyxr xrif;vkyfcGHUump owdxm;um 0g;rsKdyg/ &HcgowdrpGrJ ?d pdwx f rJ &Sed YJ trSwf&csdefrSm owduyfyg? 0g;yg? NrdKcsyg todaw- pm;vwfaomf yDaw- aomufvwfaomf cg,daw- cJvwfaomf om,daw- jzwfvwfaomf orÜZmeum&D- odvsujf yKonf a[mwd-jzpf\/ *½kjyKum pm;aomufyg? a,m*D&m/ /
Having food with Dhamma
Having food with Dhamma
rif ; e&d E ´ m
Breather a moment When the meal infront of you After care three or four time You should touch the plate of the cooked rice. First you have a first Carefully chew guide sometimes careless Don't mention. During remembering time care a long time, Chew and swallow Asite-eating time Pitay -drinking time Kha-ryitay-bitting time sa-yite-cutting time sampaja-naka-r1-do care Hoti-be Oh! Yog1 Carefully have food. Min Nareinder
okdYygí usi-fh wnf-od[al om odum© oH;k qifh qifv h suw f nf&&dS mwGif usi½fh rkH Qjzihv f nf; rauseyfrí l 1/ wnf½HkrQjzihfvnf; rauseyfrlí\ 2/ todoYkd qdu k af ponftxd jznfu h sijfh cif;jzihf 3/ raumif;&mudk a&Smifjcif;? aumif;&mudk aqmifjcif;? pdwu f kd wnf;/ jzLpifatmifxm;jcif;trI jyKpkEkdifMuygapownf;/ þum;r*¾it f &mü odum© wdYk uGjJ ym;yHw k nf;/ þqdktyfcJhNyD;aom pum;tpDt&ifjzihf wpfzef.... omoem[laom tydik ;f -1 \ qdzk , G pf um; Ny;D qH;k jcif;odYk a&muf 1/ aw0dZmÆ [lonf yk'dtmjzihf &[EÅmtqihf0ifvmjcif;wnf;/ Nyw D nf;/ 2/ qVbdnm[lonf tbdnmOfajcmufyg;jzihf &[EÅmtqif0h if raumif;aomtrI bmwpfck rjyKusib fh J ae&rnf? vmjcif;wnf;/ aumif;rIqv kd Qif tukeyf if pHv k ifjynh0f ap&rnf/ 3/ y#dorÇ'd g[lonf &[EÅmtqihf odoihf&Sdoihftm;vHk; jynhfpHk pdw"f mwfreS jf yif jrLrwif jzLpifawmufyap&rnf/ jcif;jzihf 0ifvmjcif;wnf;/ bk&m;wdik ;f u xdo k ;kH 0 qdq k ;kH rcJMh uNy/D þum; r*ft&mü odum© wdYk uGmjcm;yHw k nf;/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )
COVER SPECIAL FEATURES ax&0g'onf umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömjzpfonf/ rsufESmzkH;rS onf/ om0wd¬jynfBuD;rS reD;ra0;jzpfaom ed*Hk;wpfcküjzpfaom BuD;yGm;jcif;&Sdaom trsKd;aumif;om;wpfa,mufonf jrwfpGmbk&m; omoemawmfü &[ef;jyKí yÍöif;tjzpfudk&NyD;aomf ]]ed*r0goDwdó trnf&adS om rax&fonf tvdek nf;\/ a&mih&f v J , G \ f / qdwNf ird &f m t&yfü csO;f uyfarGUavsmaf vh&\ dS / tm;xkwt f yfaom vHv Yk 0D&, d &S\ d }} [k *kPaf us;Zl;trsm;wdjYk zihf txl;xif&mS ;ausmaf pm\/ xdek *d r0goDwó d rax&fonf tNrrJ jywf aqGrsK;d wd\ Yk &Gmü omvQif qGrf;tvdkYiSm vSnhfvnf\/ temxydPfolaX;tp&SdonfwdkY onf Bu;D pGmaom 'ge tvSLBu;D wdu Yk kd jyKvyk í f vSLukeo f nf&adS omfvnf; aumif;? yaoe'Daumovrif;Bu;D onf to'do'geudk jyKvyk v f LS 'gef; onf&adS omfvnf;aumif;? om0wdj¬ ynfo<Ykd uawmfrrlay/ xkdodkYaomtaMumif;ukdcHí tjcm;wpfyg;aom &[ef;wdkYu ]]þed*r0goDwó d rax&fum;? x<uvHv Yk udjk zpfapojzihf taqGtrsK;d wdEYk iS fh a&maESmqufqjH cif; &So d nfjzpfí omae\/ temxydPo f al X; tp&SdonfwdkYonf BuD;pGmaom tvSL'geBuD;wdkYudk jyKukefonf&Sdaomf vnf;aumif;? yaoe'Daumovrif;Bu;D onf to'do'geudk jyKvLS onf &Sad omfvnf;aumif;? r<urvm} [laompum;udjk zpfapí jrwfpmG bk&m; tm; Mum;avQmufMuuke\ f / jrwfpmG bk&m;ocifonf xdek *d r0goDwó d rax&fukd ac:ap í ]]cspo f m;&[ef; toifonf þodaYk omtrIujkd yKbad om ol[o l nf rSm rSeaf yoavm}} [k ar;awmfr\ l / ]bke;f awmfBu;D awmfral om jrwfpmG bk&m;? wynhaf wmf taqG trsK;d wdEYk iS fh qufqaH &maESmjcif;r&Syd g/ wynhaf wmfonf xdt k aqGtrsK;d jzpfuek af om vlwu Ykd kd rSí D pm;oH;k aomufrsKad vmuf½akH om qGr;f tm[m &ud&k yg\/ Murf;wrf;,kwn f rf;onfrv l nf;jzpfap? rGejf rwfonfrv l nf; jzpfap? rQwavmuf½u kH &kd ygonf&adS omf tm[m&udk &SmrS;D ojzihf tb,f tusK;d &Sad ptHeh nf;[k wpfzefroGm;yg/ bke;f awmfBu;D awmfral om jrwfpmG bk&m; wynhaf wmfonf taqGtrsK;d wdEYk iS fh a&maESmqufqaH ygif;oif; jcif;rnfonfr&Syd gbk&m;} [k wdórax&fu avQmufMum;avonf/ jrwf p G m bk & m;ocif o nf yuwd w d k i f ; aomtm;jzih f v nf ; ? xdrk ax&f\ tZÑmo,udk odawmfrNl y;D jzpfí f ]]cspo f m;&[ef;? aumif;\ aumif;\}} [k ed*r0goDwdórax&ftm; aumif;csD;ay;awmfrlNyD;í ]]cspo f m;&*[ef; toifonf iguJo h aYkd om oabm&Sad om q&maumif; q&mjrwfwu Ykd kd rS0D q J nf;uyf&tyfonfjzpfí tvdek nf;ojzihf a&mih&f J vG,o f nfum; igbk&m;\ tquftEG,t f pOfaywnf;}} [k rdeaYf wmfrl aomf &[ef;wko Yd nf awmif;yeftyfonfjzpfí jrwfpmG bk&m;ocifonf twdwu f kd aqmifawmfr\ l / cspo f m;&[ef;wdYk a&S;vGeaf vNy;D aomtcg [dr0EÅmawmifjzpf aom **Fgjrpfurf;ü wpfcak om a&ozef;yif0,f taxmifru rsm;pGm aom aus;om;wdaYk eMuuke\ f / xdak us;om;wdw Yk iG f wpfaumifaom aus;rif;onf rdrad e&m jzpfaom a&ozef;yif\ toD;wdo Yk nf ukecf o hJ nf&adS omf tnGeo Yf nf vnf;aumif;? t&Gufonfvnf;aumif;? tacgufonfvnf;aumif;? tMuiftMuifodkYaom 0w¬Konf þa&ozef;yifü <uif;usefí&Sd\/ xd<k uif;useaf om tnGeu Yf v kd nf;aumif;? t&Guu f v kd nf;aumi;f? tacguf udv k nf;aumi;f pm;aomufí **Fgjrpfüa&udak omufNy;D vQif vGeu f aJ om tvdek nf;jcif;? a&mih&f v J , G jf cif;&So d nfjzpfí wpfyg;aom t&yfoYkd roGm;
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Continue from front page highly Treasured book), Chapter II, Appama-da vagga (Heedfulness), Nigamava-si Tissa Thera Vatthu, with reference to Thera Nigamava-sitissa. Nigamava-si Tissa was born and brought up in a small twon near Sa-vatthi. After becoming a bhikkhu, he lived a very simple life. For almsfood he went to the village where his relatives were staying and accepted whatever was offered to him. He avoided big celebrations and ceremonies. Even when Ana-tta Pindika and King Pasenadi of Kosala made offerings on a grand scale, he did not go. Some bhikkhus then started talking about him. They accused him of keeping close to his relatives and not caring to go even when people like Ana-tta Pindika and King Pasenadi were making offerings on a grand scale and so on. When the Buddha was told about this, he sent for this monk to give him the opporturnity to explain that while it was true he frequently went to his village, it was only to get almsfood, and when he had received enough food, he did not go any further, never caring whether the food was delicious or not. Whereupon, the Buddha applauded him for his conduct in the presence of the other bhikkhus. He also told them that to live contentedly with only a few wants is in comformity with the teaching of the Buddha and the Noble Ones and that all bhikkhus should, indeed, be like Tissa. In this connection, he further related the story of the King of the parrots. Once upon a time, the king of the parrots lived in a grove of fig trees on the banks of the Ganges River, with a large number of his followers. When the fruits were eaten, all the parrots left the grove, except the parrot king who was well contented with whatever was left in the trees where he dwelt, be it shoot or leaf or bark. Sakka, knowing this and wanting to test the virtue of the parrot king withered up the trees by his supernormal power. Then, assuming the form of geese. Sakka and his queen came to where the parrot king was and asked him why he did not leave the old withered tree that had stopped bearing fruit plentifully. The parrot king replied; "Because of a feeling of gratitude towards the tree I did not leave and so long as I can get just enough food to sustain myself I shall not forsake it." Much impressed by this reply. Sakka revealed himself. He took water from a river and poured it over the withered fig tree and it was revived. The parrot king in the story was the Buddha him self; Sakka, was Venerable Ananda. Then the Buddha spoke in verse as follows: Verse 32: The Bhikkhu who delights in heedfulness, and looks with fear on heedlessness, is not liable to fall. He is in the presence of Nibba-na. At the end of the discourse Thera Tissa attained Arahatship and many of those assembled attained Sota-patti Fruition. Nyain Chan Oo.
pmrsufESm
37 wGif qufvufzwf½Iyg&ef
DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES
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umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömonf tESpfom& oabm&Sd\/
aus;Zl;&Sifq&mtm; jypfrSm;ol yk x k Z Of v l o m;tcsKd U onf rd r d b 0 qif;&J'ku©a&muf&SdpOfumv rdwfaqGaumif;? q&maumif;wd\ Yk ulnaD pmihaf &Smuf oifMum; ay;urf;jcif;aMumihf Bu;D yGm;csr;f omvmMuaomf rmeBuD; b0arhum aus;Zl;&Sifrsm;ukd arhypf wwfMuay\/ aus;Zl;&Sifrsm;tay: aus;Zl; wk H Y j yef a y;qyf j cif ; r&S d y gu touf t k d ; td r f pnf;pdrOf pömwdYk rwnfNrJ ysupf ;D qk;H ½I;H Mu&rnf jzpfayonf/ xkaYd Mumihf aus;Zl;&Sif jypfrmS ;ol taMumif;ESihf olwpfyg;\ aus;Zl;w&m;ukd odwwfow l Ykd &&Srd nhf tusK;d (10)yg;ukd vli,f taygif; A[kokw&&Sdap&ef a&;om;azmfjy vdu k yf gonf/ (1) aus;Zl;odjcif;aMumihf tpm;tpmaygrsm; jcif;/ (2) a&muf&mt&yfü tylaZmfc&H jcif;/ (3) olc;dk "m;jywdYk tESyd pf ufrcH&jcif;/ (4) vltrsm; ESpo f ufvv dk m;jcif;/ (5) *kPaf us;Zl; owif;ausmaf pmjcif;/ (6) ta`ct G &Haygrsm;jcif;/ (7) bke;f usuo f a&wk;d jcif;/ (8) tjrihrf u S saomfvnf; rS&D mwnf&m &&Sjd cif;/ (9) qif? jrif;? uR?J EGm;? v,f,m? pyg; wk;d yGm; jcif;/ (10) &efrsm; rxdyg;Ekid jf cif;wdjYk zpfonf/ a&S ; vG e f a vNyD ; aomtcg bk & m; tavmif;onf ypöEÅ&pfNrKdU? 'Gef;p@m;&Gmü 'Gef;p@m;jzpf\/ ynm&SdwpfOD;jzpfNyD; vdr®m ,Ofaus;oljzpf\/ tcsdeftcgrJh toD;rsm;ukd oD;apwwfaom rEÅeftwwfynmukdwwfí xkd'Gef;p@m;onf eHeufapmapmuvQif awm xJodkYoGm;í o&ufyif\ ckepfz0g;txufü &yfvsuf rEÅeu f rdk ef;í o&ufyifukd wpfbuf aomvufjzihf a&yufí xkcd PüvQif t&Guf a[mif;wdkYonf a<uukef\/ cPcsif;rSmyif rSnu fh ek í f tvGecf sKad om ewfo&ufo;D wdEYk iS fh wlukefonfjzpfí xkd'Gef;p@m;onf tvdk&Sd wkdif;pm;í xrf;ykd;jzihfxrf;,lum tdrfodkYjyef avonf / xk d o &uf o D ; rsm;uk d a&mif ; csí om;r,m;ukd auR;arG;uke\ f / xkt d cg wpfa,mufaomykPmÖ ;onf xk'd eG ;f p@m;xHü xdrk EÅeu f dk oif,í l þrEÅef um; tzk;d twkid ;f rod xku d w f efaom rEÅew f nf;/ oifonf þrEÅeu f dk trSjD yKí rsm;pGmaomOpöm ukd &vwåHU/ wpfOD;wpfa,mufaomolwdkYu
ar;vwfaomf oifonf ihgukd rvsKUd 0Suaf vESi?fh trSet f wdik ;f ajymqdyk gavmh/ ]]igonf 'Ge;f p@m; xHrS þrEÅefukd oifMum;cJh\}} [k ajymqkd ygavmh/ rrSerf uef ajymqkrd o d nf&adS omf rEÅef \ tusKd;udk oifrcHpm;&bJ jzpfvwåHU [k rSmMum;av\/ q&mjzpfol 'Ge;f p@m; rSmMum; vkdufaomf ykPÖm;onf aumif;ygNyD[k 0efcH vsuf 'Ge;f p@m;ukd &Scd ;dk Ny;D rdrt d &yfoYkd jyefc&hJ m Am&mPoDjynfokdYa&mufí ykPÖm;onf rEÅef jzihf &&Sdaomo&ufoD;jzihf bk&ifrif;xHodkY qufoonf&adS omf rsm;pGmaom OpömpD;yGm;ukd &&Sdav\/ xkdtcg wpfaeYaomtcsdefü rif;BuD; onf yk P Ö m ;vk v if u d k a c:í þo&uf o D ; oD;apEkid af om rEÅeu f dk tb,fo\ l xHü oif Mum;cJhygoenf; [k ar;av\/ ykPÖm;onf 'Ge;f p@m;xHü oifMum;onf[k qkt d ahH omiSm *kPfodu©mr&Sd? &Sufp&mjzpfacsonf[k t,l rSm;vsuf oifq&mudyk pfy,fum wuúov kd jf ynf 'domygarmu©q&mBuD;xHü oifcJhygonf[k r[kwfrrSefaompum;ukd ajymqkdjcif;aMumihf xkdykPÖm;onf rEÅefuG,faysmufjcif;tjzpfukd rod&SdbJjzpfav\/ wpfaeYoü rif;Bu;D ESiw fh uG O,smOf odo Yk mG ;Muaomf rif;Bu;D u vkvif o&ufo;D ukd aqmif,al csavmh [k apcdik ;f onht f cg ykPmÖ ; onf rEÅeu f dk ref;vQif tpGr;f rxufbJ aysmuf uG , f o nh f t jzpf u d k j rif & í t&S u f & av\/ rif;Bu;D uvnf; rEÅeo f ifMum;ay;aomq&mukd trS e f t wk d i f ; avQmuf w if & ef tzef w vJ v J ar;avaomf vSnhfpm;ajymqkd&ef rwwfEkdif& um; 'Gef;p@m;rS þrEÅefukd oifMum;ay;cJh ygaMumif; trSeftwdkif; avQmufwifav\/ xkdtcg rif;BuD;onf trsufa'goxGufvsuf þykPmÖ ;,kwo f nf rdrt d m; ynmoifMum;ay; onhf aus;Zl;&Siq f &mudk ypfy,fol vl,w k rf m wpfO;D jzpfjcif;aMumifh xkyd P k mÖ ;tm; vnfru S idk f í eef;wGi;f rS ESix f w k Mf uavmh [k trdeaYf wmf csrSwfav\/ xkaYd Mumihf a&S;ynm&Sw d u Ydk ]]wpfvw k f pm;zl; olYaus;Zl; txl;odwwfap}} ponfjzihf ol\aus;Zl;&SdcJhzl;u xdefzl;aomol rD;vkd yl\/ aus;Zl ; &S i f r sm;ud k rarh M uol w d k Y o nf avmuwGif wk;d wufBu;D yGm;Muonf/ aus;Zl;&Sif rdbq&m t&G,Bf u;D olrsm;ESifh auR;arG;apmihf
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DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES umvtvdkuf? a'otvdkuf? rSefaomopömonf toGifoP²mefoabm&Sd\/
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uRefrESihf "r®'dEém ouf y k d i f N id r f ; (½k u © a A') 1/ ]]ukrjk 'mMumESifh t½kP0wD ajreD ajrnuf}} ]]"r®'Ed mé "r®'Ed mé }} - wJ/h ]]'umrBuD;&JU bmoma&;toif; tzG J U emrnf u k d bk e f ; BuD ; u "r® ' d E é m vk d Y emrnfay; vku d rf ,f}} uRerf aexkid &f m rvIid Nf rKUd av;rsuf ESm ausmif;wku d \ f OD;pD;y"me em,ujzpfawmf rl a om q&mawmf omoe"Z "r® m p&d , b'´E"Å r®u d t&Sio f jl rwfu uRerf wdYk Ak'b ¨ mom 0wftoif;ukd trnfemrwpfck ay;vkdufyg onf/ uRefr aexkdif&m &yfuGuftwGif;&Sd trsKd;orD;BuD;i,frsm;ukd uRefr\tdrfw Gif npOfpka0;NyD; jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif\ a'oem awmfrsm;ukd &GwfzwfylaZmfcJhMuygonf/ y|mef ; a'oemawmf ? "r® p Mum a'oemawmfwu Ykd dk oHNyKid f nDnmpGm &Gwzf wf ylaZmfcMhJ uygonf/ y&dwBf u;D 11 okwu f dk &Gwf dk nht f wGuf q&mawmfb&k m;Bu;D zwfyal Zmfvo xH]]wynhfawmfrwdkYukd y&dwfBuD; 11 okwu f dk rSeu f efpmG &Gwzf wfyal ZmfEidk af &;twGuf ulnDapmihfa&Smufay;awmfrlygbk&m;}} ]]'gqkd OD;Zif; OD;okabm*ukd vTwf ay;r,f}} ]]wynhfawmfr OD;Zif;<uvmEkdifr,hf &ufwidk ;f udk tBuKt d ydjYk yKvyk af y;ygr,f bk&m;}} uRerf \om;i,fu 0wfrysuf OD;Zif; OD;okabm*ukd uRefr\aetdrfodkY ykdYay;cJhyg onf / &uf t wef M umaomtcg uRef r wd k Y aexk d i f & m &yf u G u f t wG i f ; &S d wpf c sKd U aom rd o m;pk a etd r f rsm;rS uRef r wd k Y t zG J U uk d zdwMf um;vmMuygonf/ tdr&f iS t f vk&d t dS yfaom a'oemawmfrsm;ukd &GwfzwfylaZmfay;cJhMu ygonf/ uRefrwdkYtzGJU emrnfrSm q&mawmf bk&m;BuD;ay;cJhaom ]]"r®'dEém}} Ak'¨bmom 0wftoif;yif jzpfygawmh onf/ uRefrwdkY a*gwrjrwfpGmbk&m;&Sif vufxufawmfu om0w¦djynf0,f yaoe'D aumovrif ; BuD ; pk d ; pH c J h o nh f t csd e f jzpfygonf/ rdzk&m;acgifBuD;rSm rv’duma'0D
jzpfygonf/ wpfaeYaomtcg yaoe'Daumov rif;BuD;onf &wemrsm; qifjref;xm;aom qifjzLawmfy@ k &duukd pD;vsuf NrKUd awmftwGi;f wkdif;cef;vSnhfvnfawmfrlavonf/ BuD;us,f crf;em;vSaom rif;crf;rif;em;jzpfojzihf wkid ;f ol jynfom; vltaygif;wdrYk mS rif;Bu;D tm; xGuí f zl;ajr§mfuefawmhMuavonf/ xkdtcsdefwGif bkHckepfqihfwGif aexkdif aom trsKd;orD;wpfOD;onf jywif;wHcg;ukd zGií fh rif;Bu;D ukd xGuNf y;D Munhaf vonf/ rif;Bu;D rSm xkt d rsK;d orD;i,fukd jrifonht f cg udavom pd w f r sm; wzG m ;zG m ;jzpf a y:vmum vk d c sif wyfrufaom wPSmpdwrf mS xde;f odr;f rEkid jf zpf vmonf/ rif;csi;f wpfa,muftm;]]xkt d rsK;d orD;i,frmS umrykid f vif a,mufsm;&Sd r&Sd pkpH rf;apAsm;}} ]]xkt d rsK;d orD;i,frmS umrykid f vif &Sad Mumif;ygbk&m;}} ]]tif;- igawmh cufNy?D 'Duav;rukd rSr&&if igawmh ½l;vdrrhf ,fxifyg&JU}} rif;Bu;D rSm xkv d if&rdS ed ;f rukd t½l;trl; pGJvrf;aompdwfjzihf jzpfay:vmaom wPSm ayrpdwu f dk tvkv d u dk u f m]]xkdrdef;ri,f\ cifyGef;vifukd a&SU awmfarSmuf ac:apAsm;}} ]]a&muf&v dS mygNyD bk&m;}} ]]uJ- armifrif; ihgxHrmS rif;rIxrf;
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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS
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"r®0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/
xkv d v k ifrmS c&D;jyif;ESicf ahJ vawmhonf/ vrf ; c&D ; ü ZeD ; onf x k y f a y;vk d u f aom xrif;xkyu f dk ajzpm;rnfjyKpOf c&D;oGm; wpfOD;tm;]]tkd c&D;onf oift h m; tuREyfk \ f pm;OD;xrif;ukd wpf0ufcí JG vSLyg\? pm;ygav}} [k 'gejyKvu dk af vonf/ xkad emuf rdrpd m;Ny;D useaf om xrif;wpfqyk u f dk jrpftwGi;f odYk BucJ s vku d Nf y;D ]]þjrpfukd apmihfa&Smufí aexkdif Muukefaom jrpfapmihfewf? acsmif;apmihfewf? awmapmihef wf? awmifapmihef wf? e*g;? *VKe?f ukrP Ç ?f ,u©? *E¨AÁ ewftaygif;wdYk tuREykf f onf aumovrif;Bu;D trdet Yf & e*g;wdjYk ynfü om&Sad om ukrjk 'mMumESifh t½kP0wD ajrnuf wdu Yk dk aqmif,&l rnfjzpfygonf/ c&D;oGm;wpfO;D tm; tuREykf \ f xrif;OD; tvSLukd ay;vSLcJNh y;D jzpfygonf/ þjrpftwGi;f aexkid Mf uaom ig;? vdy?f rdacsmif; ponhf owå0gtaygif;wdt Yk m;vk;H xrif;tpmay;vSLNyD;ygNyD/ xkdjyKtyfcJhaom tusKd;rsm;ukd ,aeY,ck tuREkfyfjyKjyKorQ ukov kd w f \ Ykd tzkb Yd m*ukd toifewfrif;? e*g; rif;wdt Yk m; trQay;a0yg\/ trQ trQ trQ ay;a0tyfaomtusKd;tm;aMumihf tuREkfyf tvkd&Sdtyfaom ukrkj'mMumESihf t½kP0wD ajrnufwu Ykd dk ay;oem;awmfrMl uygavmh}} [k us,af vmifaomtoHjzihf trQay;a0jcif;trI ukd ok;H Burd w f ikd af tmif atmf[pfajymqkad v\/ xkjd rpfuadk pmihaf om e*g;rif;rSm Mum; vQif raeomawmhbJ tzk;d tkt d oGif zefqif;Ny;D
xkdvkvifxHrS ukodkvftrQay;a0jcif;ukd cH,l um vkviftvkd&Sdtyfaom ukrkj'mMumESihf ajrnufwu Ykd kd ay;tyfvu dk af vonf/ xk d v k v if c&D ; pxG u f c sd e f w G i f aumovrif;Bu;D u]]tu,fí vkvifu igckid ;f vku d w f hJ udpu ö dk vkyEf idk cf &hJ if igBuK;d pm;vkyBf ucH o hJ rQawG tm;vk;H oJxaJ &oGef tv[ójzpfvrd rfh ,f}} [lí pOf;pm;rdNyD; wHcg;apmihftm;]]NrKdU½kd;wHcg;rBuD;ukd naerwkdifrD tcsd e f u wnf ; u tvk H t NcKH yd w f x m;yg/ aomhuv dk nf; ihgxH tyfxm;&rnf}} [k trdeYf xkwx f m;avonf/ vkvifrmS vnf; toufab;ESirfh ,m; ESiafh 0;rnhaf b;rS uif;a0;ap&ef ajcukeo f w k f í tajy;jyefvmcJo h nf/ tcsed af pmpGm a&muf &Sdvmol vkvifrSm NrKdU½kd;wHcg;BuD;ukd tcsdef rwkid rf D ydwx f m;onfukd awGU&í]]wHcg;zGiafh y;yg? wHcg;zGiafh y;yg}} [k atmf[pfí wHcg;zGihfckdif;avonf/ ]]wH c g;zG i h f í r&yg/ wH c g;aomh u k d bk&ifrif;BuD;ukd,fawmfwkdif odrf;qnf;oGm; ygonf}} [laom wHcg;rSL;\ jyefvnfajym pum;oHaMumihf xkdvkvifrSm- ]]rif;BuD;onf ig\ ZeD;onfukd odrf;ykdufvdkonhfpdwfjzihf ightm; taoowf&ef BuHpnfaewmukd;}} [k awG;awmqifjcifrdNyD; NrKdU½kd;wHcg;ckHay:wGif ,laqmifvmaom ajrnufxkyfukd ypfwifNyD; xkdajrnufxkyftay:rS ukrkj'mMumyef;rsm;ukd csdwfqGJxm;vkdufum-
]]tk-d NrKUd olNrKUd om;taygif;wdYk tuREykf f onf &Sifbk&ifBuD; ckdif;aponhft&mrsm;ukd ,ckyif tcsed rf D ,laqmifvmcJNh y;D a&muf&v dS m cJhNyD;jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf bk&ifrif;BuD;onf tuREfkyftm; rsKd;pHk tjypf&SmaeNyD; owf&ef BuK;d pm;aeygonf/ uREyfk \ f ZeD;tm; odr;f yku d f vdkonhftwGuf tuREfkyftm; taoowfvkd onhftwGuf NrKdU½kd;wHcg;ukd apmpD;pGm BuKdwifí ydwx f m;ygonf}} [lí ok;H Burd w f ikd w f ikd f us,f avmifpmG atmf[pfí wkid w f nfavawmhonf/ xkt d csed w f iG f yaoe'Daumovrif; Bu;D rSmvnf;]]tif;- 'Dwpfcgawmh ihgtBuH atmif rSm aocsmw,f/ eHeufr;dk vif;wmeJY xkv d v k if ukd tcsdefrDra&mufvmwJhtjypfeJY ao'Pf ay;vku d ½f yHk J &Sad wmhw,f}} olwpfyg;om;r,m;ukd vkcd siw f yfruf aom &m*pdwrf sm; wzGm;zGm;jzpfay:aeNy;D xkn d wpfnvkH; tdyfpufraysmfEkdifjzpfaeavawmh onf/ udavompdwrf sm;pGmjzihf avmuDtm½kH umr*kPpf nf;pdrf ,pfr;l vdo k l aumovrif;Bu;D twGuf nwmonf &Snfvsm;vGef;vSygawmh onf/ ("r®'Ed mé taMumif; jyefajymif; owd& zG , f ? Zmwf a Mumif ; tus,f u k d quf v uf a&;om;ygOD;rnf) oufykdifNidrf;(½ku©aA')
DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/
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DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS
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"r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/
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"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/
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DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES "r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/ pmrsufESm 9 rS vdrfnmajymjcif;? ao&nft&ufaomufjcif; pwJh 'Draumif;w&m;awGukd raumif;rSe;f odNy;D a&SmifMuOfro S m 'Draumif;wJyh #dpo ö rkygÜ 'fonf jywf&ayawmhvwåUH /'Draumif;wJt h usipfh m&dwå y#dpö orkyÜg'fjywfrSom urÇmBuD;rSm aeom xdkifom jzpfvmygrnf/ odkYr[kwfyJ 'Dxuf'D rmefawG axmifaeMu&ifjzihf tBuD;tus,f xdcu kd Ef ikd yf g onf/ 'g[m obm0uqufpyf íjyaewJh b,forl jyK rdrrd aI wGygyJ/ urÇmt h rsm; pk B uD ; uawmh qif j cif c sd e f jyif q if c sd e f tvGefenf;ae ygonf/ raumif;wJhbufudk tvGeb f J tm;vGef aeygNyaD um/ 'djYk refrmjynf uawmh qifjcifcsdef? jyifqifcsdeftrsm;BuD;&Sd pmrsufESm 29 rS &mr&SmavESi}fh } [k Mo0g'ay;cJyh gw,f/ rdr\ d uk, d yf idk Bf uK;d pm;rIjziho f m taESmiftzGUJ tm;vk;H rS vGwaf jrmufEidk rf mS jzpfvYkd uk, d w f idk f BuK;d yrf;,l&ef qkH;rawmfrljcif;jzpfygw,fuG,f/ wlav;? wlrav;wkaYd &../ ]pdw}f qkw d m tm½ku H o dk í d odí aewJh oabmygyJ / pd w f & J U yif u k d , f o abmu wnfNird f rI&ydS gw,f/ 'gaMumihf (pdw\ f wHxmG ? "r® w m um;? BuKH & mtm½k H ? usrd ½ k H r Q? zk H z k H a umif ; qk d ; ? ruG J ½k d ; wnf ; ? wpf r sKd ; wG J z uf ? apwod u f wG u f a Mumih f ? oufoufqkd;aumif;? ta&mifajymif;onf? raumif;vnf;pdwf? aumif;vnf;pdwf[k? pG J p d w f r NrJ ? O'gef ; uJ onf ? pd w f v nf ; apwod u f a Mumif h o m uk d ; )/ pd w f (89)yg;&Sd\/ 'Dawmh ]apwodu}f taMumif; quf Mu&atmifaemf/ apwoduq f w dk mu tNrw J rf; vIy&f mS ;í aphaqmfaewwfwo hJ abm &Sw d ,f uG J U / yif u k d , f o abmrS m wnf N id r f r I r &S d b J vIyf&Sm;ajymif;vJaeonhftjyif aumif;aom apwoduf&Sdovdk raumif;onhf apwoduf vnf; &Syd gw,f/ pdwu f kd trSjD yKaevdYk (pdwEf iS fh twl jzpfwwf? csKyfwwfvdkY) apwoduf[k ac:qk d w myg/ (aumif ; onh f t m½k H ? tzkHzkH0,f? ,kHMunf"avh? o'¨gaiGUwnf;/ atmuf a rh owd ? 'k p &d u k d ? [d & d & S u f p G ? vef Y M owå E S i h f ? tçavmbvQif ? rvd k c sif w nf ; / xk d Y j yif ç w0? tça'go wG u f ? rcuf r xef ? ynmÓPf r l ? tç arm[l\/ rSwf,lcspfjim;? arwåmyGm; í? oem;u½k P m? 0rf ; omrk ' d ? ½I o nh f vspfvsL? ayu©mjyKavmh? okH;ck - or®m?
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES
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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ pkawaovGefonf[lí/ / tcgwpf y g; jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f aZw0efausmif;awmfü oDwif;ok;H aeawmfrpl Of omoemawmfü raysmyf u dk f Ni;D aiGUonfqadk om &[ef;wpfyg;ukd taMumif;jyKí ,ck ]rE¨mwk} Zmwfudk jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siu f a[mjyawmfrjl cif; jzpfygonf/ wpfaeYoü ¤if;&[ef; om0w¦jd ynf qGr;f cH<uaomf jyifqif0wfpm;xm;aom rde;f r wpfa,mufudkjrif\/ xkdrdef;rü wPSmuyfNid Ny;D ]]omoemawmfü ae&onfrmS Ni;D aiGUzG,f jzpf\}} [kqadk wmfro l nf/ xkpd um;ukMd um;aom &[ef;wdo Yk nf ausmif;odjYk yefa&mufvQif jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sit f m; xkt d aMumif;udk avQmufawmfrl onf/ xkt d cg jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siu f ¤if;&[ef;ukd ac:awGUí ]]omoemawmfü oifNi;D aiGUonfrmS trSefyifavm}} [k ar;jref;&m xkd&[ef;u [kwrf eS af Mumif; 0efc\ H / þwGif bk&m;&Siu f ]]&[ef;ç oifonf rnfonhftcgü tdrfwGif aevsuf wPSm\tvkdukd jynhfpkHzkdY wwfEkdif oenf;/ umrwPSmrnfonf ork'´&muJhodkY rnfonhftcgrS rjynhfEkdif/ a&S;urif;wdkYonf vnf; pMu0aw;rif;jzpfNy;D tvk;H pkaH om umr *kPfwdkYukd cHpm;&ygvsuf tvdkjynhfonfr&Sd/ vlYtNcHt&Hrsm;jzihf ewfjynfodkYwufí pwk r[m&mZfewfjynfü ewfwdkY\pnf;pdrfcsrf;om ukd cHpm;&ygaomfvnf; tvdrk jynh/f xküd tvkd rjynh f a o;ojzih f xk d x uf t qih f j rih f a om wm0wd HomewfjynfodkYwufí odMum;rif; pnf;pdrfukd tcsdefMumjrihfpGm cHpm;\/ odkYwkdif vnf; ¤if;\ umrwPSm tvdq k E´onf rjynhf Ekid b f J aovGe&f \/ oifonfvnf; rnfonhf tcgwGirf S umrwPSmukd jynhaf pEkid rf nfenf;}} [k rdefYMum;um twdwfZmwfukd aqmifawmf rlygonf/ twd w f 0 w¦ K urÇmOD;tp twdwfumvü r[m orwrif; rif;jyK\/ ¤if;r[morwrif;rSm om;awmf(6)yg;arG;\/ ¤if;om;awmfrsm;twGi;f rS wpfyg;aomom;\trnfrSm ]rE¨mwk} [k trnf w G i f \ / xd k r if ; onf aemif a omf pMu0aw;rif;jzpfvmavonf/ ¤if;\touf um; tvGet Yf vGe&f n S v f aS y\/ uav;b0wGif tESp&f pS af omif;av;axmifae\/ tdraf &SUrif; jzpfaomf tdraf &SUpHb0ü tESp&f pS af omif;av; axmifae&jyef\/ xkdrS pMu0aw;rif;jzpfjyef \/ xkt d cgüvnf; ¤if;onf tESp&f pS af omif; av;axmif pkd;pH&jyefonf/ ¤if;\oufawmf um; toacsjF zpfavonf/ olonf trsK;d rsK;d tzkzH Hk tpkpH aHk om umr*kPt f m½kw H u Ykd dk cHpm;\/
d nf jynho f nfr&S/d odaYk omfvnf; ¤if;\tvko xkaYd Mumihf wpfaeYwiG f nnf;wGm;rdonf/ ,if;odYk nnf;wGm;Ny;D ]],ckxuf aysmyf g;arGUavsmzf , G f aumif;onhfae&m tb,frSm&Sdoenf;}} [k ar;\/ xkt d cg trwfwu Ykd ]]ewfjynfonf ,ck xuf aysmfarGUzG,f&maumif;aom ae&mjzpf ygonf}} [k jyefvnfí avQmufwifaomfrE¨mwkrif;vnf; tcsdefqkdif;raebJ ¤if;\ y&dowftNct H &HEiS w fh uG puf&wemukd a&pif zsef;í ewfjynfodkY <ujref;awmfrlonf/ xkdodkY a&mufvQif pwkr[m&mZfewfrif;BuD;av;yg; u ¤if;ukd c&D;BuKq d u dk m pwkr[m&mZfewfjynf ü ¤if;ukd ewfrif;Bu;D wpfyg;tjzpf aeapav onf/ rE¨mwkrif;onf vljY ynfrS vku d yf gvmMu aom ¤if ; \y&d o wf j zih f y if pwk r [m&mZf ewfjynfü umvMumjrihfpGm pHjref;awmfrlav onf/ odkYaomf rE¨mwkrif;onf pwkr[m &mZf e wf j ynf ü vl Y j ynf x uf tppomvG e f aumif;rGefaom umr*kPftm½kHwkdYudk cHpm;& ygvsuf cH p m;ír0Ek d i f / Mumaomf NiD ; aiG U pdwfysufvm\/ xkdYaMumihf onfxufaumif; aomae&m b,frmS &Sad o;oenf; [k ewfrif; Bu;D av;yg;tm; ar;\/ ewfrif;Bu;D av;yg;u rE¨mwkrif;ukd odMum;rif;pH&m wm0wd Hom ewfjynfoYkd vrf;ñTe\ f / xkaYd Mumifh rE¨mwkrif; onf ¤if ; \y&d o wf u k d y gac:aqmif í puf&wemjzihf wm0wd HomewfjynfokdY <ucsD jyefavonf/ wm0wd o H mewfjynfoYkd qku d af &muf vQif rE¨mwkrif;tm; odMum;rif;Bu;D u vIu d v f JS ysLiSmpGm BuKq d adk vonf/ Ny;D aemuf ¤if;ydik q f idk f aom ewfjynfudk ESpfydkif;cGJí wdki;f jynf\wpf 0ufukd rE¨mwkrif;tm; pkd;pHaponf/ rE¨mwk rif;onf odMum;rif;pnf;pdru f dk odMum;rif;ESifh wGzJ ufí ESpaf ygif;rsm;pGm cHpm;&\/ ok;H uka# ajcmufoef;aom ESprf sm;yif Mum\/ xkrd v S eG f aomf odMum;rif;pkaw\/ aemufxyf odMum; rif;topfwpfyg; a&mufvm\/ xko d Md um;rif; vnf; ewfjynfü umvwpfcpk ;dk pHomG ;um pkaw uG,v f eG \ f / þodjYk zihf ok;H q,haf jcmufyg;aom odMum;rif;tqufqufwYdk ewfjynfü odMum; rif;vmjzpfNy;D pkawuG,v f eG o f mG ;Mu\/ odaYk omf vnf; rE¨mwkrif;um; rpkawao;bJ ewfjynfü ewfpnf;pdrcf pH m;aeqJyifjzpf\/ odw Yk idk f rE¨mwk rif;\ umrwPSmwdu Yk m; rjynhEf idk af o;? rqk;H Ekdifao;/ ¤if;\umrwPSmum; tvGefyif aMumufrufzG,faumif;vS\/ vuf&SdcHpm;ae &aom odMum;rif;pnf;pdrjf zihf rwif;wdrEf idk /f
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wm0wd HomewfjynfwpfckvkH;ukd ¤if;wpfOD; wnf;yif tkyfcsKyfrif;vkyfvkdonf/ xkdYaMumifh ¤if;\pdwx f üJ aemufwufvmaom odMum;rif; tm; vkyfBuHowfjzwfum wm0wd Homukd olwpfOD;wnf; tkyfcsKyfvsuf ewfpnf;pdrfukd pH &eftBujH zpf\/ xkpd w d , f w k rf maMumihf rE¨mwk rif;\ oufwrf;onf qkw, f w k o f mG ;um tkí d emívmum pkawzkdYtcsdefodkY a&mufvm\/ odaYk omf ewfjynfwiG f vlom;uG,v f eG jf cif;onf rjzpfpaumif;/ xkaYd Mumifh pkawuG,v f eG cf geD; rE¨mwkrif;onf vljY ynf&dS O,smOfwiG ;f avsmus oufqif;í a&muf&v dS m&avonf/ xkt d jzpf ukd O,smOfapmihfawGUvQif rif;\trsKd;tEG,f wdt Yk m; oGm;a&muftaMumif;Mum;\/ bk&ifEiS fh wpfuG rSL;BuD;rwf&mwdkYvnf; a&muf&SdvmMu \/ þwG i f trwf w d k Y u rE¨ m wk r if ; tm; avQmufxm;\/ ]]t&Sirf if;Bu;D \taMumif;ukd aemifvmaemifom;wdt Yk m; rnfoYkd ajymjy&yg rnfenf;}}/ ¤if;ar;jref;csufukd rE¨mwkrif;u þodYkajzMum;oGm;cJhavonf/ (rE¨mwk [laomrif;um; pMu0aw; rif;jzpf\/ vltjzpfjzihf vljY ynfwiG f umr*kPf tm½kHwdkYukd trsKd;rsKd;cHpm;&aomfvnf; ¤if;\ tvkrd mS jynhEf idk o f nfr&Scd /hJ xkaYd Mumifh vltjzpf jzihf pwkr[m&mZfewfjynfodkYwufum ewf pnf;pdrfukd umvMumjrihfpGm cHpm;jyef\/ odkY aomfvnf; tvdrk jynhjf yef/ xkaYd Mumihf pwkr[m &mZfbx Hk ufaumif;aom wm0wd o H mewfjynf odw Yk ufí odMum;rif;pnf;pdru f dk cHpm;jyefonf/ ESpfaygif;MumjrihfpGm cHpm;pHpm;&jcif;jzpf\/ odw Yk idk v f nf; tvku d m; jynho f nfr&S/d rE¨mwk rif;um; xkt d vdrk jynhjf cif;u ESyd pf uftyfonf jzpfí aemufqkH;wGif pkawuG,fvGefoGm;& avonf/) aemufvmaemifom;wdkY ar;onf &Sdaomf þodkYomajzMum;&ef trwfwdkYtm; rE¨mwkrif;u rSmMum;oGm;avonf/ Zmwfaygif;aomfþZmwf a wmf \ tqk H ; ü omoem awmf u d k NiD ; aiG U onf q k d a om &[ef ; onf aomwmywådzkdvfü wnfíoGm;\/ wpfjcm; aom&[ef;wdkYonfvnf; aomwmywådzkdvfodkY qkdufa&muf\/ xkdpOfu ]rE¨mwk} rif;um; igbk&m;jzpfcJhavonf[k Zmwfaygif;awmfrl onf/ usrf;ukd; rE¨mwkZmwf? ig;&mhig;q,fZmwfedygawmfBuD; (anmifuefq&mawmf) aZmf a emif
DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES
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"r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/
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COVER SPECIAL FEATURES "r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/ pmrsufESm 25 rS xd k a us;rif ; \ tvd k e nf ; aom tjzpf a&mih f & J v G , f a omtjzpf \ *k P f a us;Zl ; tmEk a bmf j zih f od M um;rif ; \ ae&mAd r mef o nf wkefvIyfjcif;jzpfavonf/ odMum;rif;onf qifjcifonf&Sdaomf xdktaMumif;udkjrifí aus;rif;udk pl;prf;jcif;iSm rdr\ d tmEkabmfjzihf a&ozef;yifukd ajcmuf aoGUap\/ a&ozef;yifonf opfikwfjzpfoGm;í tayguftayguf jzpfvsuf avwdkufcwfonf&Sdaomf vufjzihf acgufonfh toHuJhodkY toHxu G af eavonf/ xdo k pfiw k \ f taygufwrYkd S trIew Yf o Ykd nf xGuf uke\ f / aus;rif;onf xdt k rIew Yf u Ykd kd pm;í **Fgjrpfü a&udak omufNy;D vQif tjcm;wpfyg;aom t&yfwo Ykd Ykd roGm;rlí av? aeyl? wHvQyw f u Ykd kd Ykd ufom ae\/ trIrxm;bJ a&ozef;yif ikww f x odMum;rif;onf xdak us;rif;\ vGeu f aJ om tvdek nf;jcif;udk odí ]]taqGcifyGef;wdkYü usihf&maom aus;Zl;w&m;}} udka[mapí aus;rif;tm; jrwfaomqkuakd y;Ny;D a&ozef;yifukd vGepf mG csKNd red af umif; jrwfaom t&om&Sdonfh toD;udkjyKí igjyefawmhtHh[k BuHNyD;vQif wpfaumifaom [oFmrif;tjzpfuzkd efqif;í tol&mewfrif;\ orD; jzpfaom okZmwmrdzk&m;udk a&SUrSwifum a&ozef;yifodkYoGm;NyD;vQif reD;ra0;jzpfaom wpfcak om opfyif\ t&dyüf em;aevsuf xdak us;rif; ESifhtwlwuGpum;ajymqdkvdkaomaMumihf þ*gxmudk&Gwf\ oEÅd ½kum© ? y&dywåm? 'krmaeuzvm A[l/ uo®mEk okau© aumVmay? ok0ó ed&awmraem/ oEÅmtqif;uJhodkY EIwfoD;? jrtqif;uJhodkYaom tawmif? tarG; wdjYk zihf ,Ofaus;vSyaom tdak us;rif;? tnGet Yf &Guf cufvuf jyefaY jympdr;f pdak om t&Gu&f adS om opfyifwo Ykd nfvnf;aumi;f? a&wGuf ydik ;f jcm;rSwo f m;jyojcif;iSm rwwfaumif;aom toD;&Su d ek af om rsm;pGm ukeaf om opfyifwo Ykd nfvnf;aumi;f? &*HNk rKd izf sm; awmifMum;acsmuf apmif;ponfwdkYü xif&Sm;pGm&Sdygukef\/ tb,fodkYaom taMumif;udkaumif;pGmqifjcif xifjrif&&Sd pmrsufESm 30 rS tjrihfu aeMuwJh wdkYwpfawG uawmh rif;wdkY 'umawG vSLvkdufwJh 'DouFe;f awG? xD;awG? zdeyfawG? y&du&© mawGukd igYouFe;f ? igYx;D ? igYzed yf? igYy&du&© m? igYqrG ;f ? igYausmif;? igYaq; qdw k hJ wPSmESifh ypön;f av;yg;udk pG&J ifawmh tck tay:u ae&ayr,fv h Ykd 'DoC H mpifay:u ud, k af wmfawG pGv J ef;Ny;D aoMu&ifawmh aemif b0 rif;wdaYk tmufa&mufMuvdrrfh ,fuUJG } [k a[mawmfrlvdkuf&m atmufu 'umawGu NyHK;NyD; tay:u bkef;BuD;awGuawmh rJhukefMuowJhuG,f/ ,ckvJbJ rif;wdkY udk&if OD;yÍÆi;f awG ausmif;'um? 'umrawG&UJ qGr;f udk pm; tvSLudv k ufco H ;kH Mu? oD v w&m;u rpif M u,f & if ypö a 0u© P m qif j cif r I r &S d M uvQif ? a<u;NrD q d k w J h £Py&d a bm*xd k u f M uNyD ? ,ck a wmh tay:pD ; u pm;MuoHk;Mu? aemufb0us&ifawmh ausmi;f'um 'g,dumrawGu tay:u rif;wdkYu atmufuaejzpfaeMur,faemf owdxm;Mu} [k qdq k ;kH rajymMum;&m OD;yÍÆi;f u NyKH ;wH?Yk rNyKH ;wHYk &,farmMuavonf/ cif o l Z mjrih f
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aomaMumihf udkif;cufa<ujyKwf tikwftwdomjzpfaom þa&ozef; yifü toifaus;rif;\ pdwfESvHk;onf wpfyg;aom t&yfxHodkY rysH roGm;Ekid yf J pGNJ raJ rGUavsmaf ysmef idk yf gbdoenf;[kar;aomf aus;rif;uvnf; rdr\ d tvdek nf;aomtjzpfukd odapvsuf toufxif&mS ;r&Sad wmhaom taqGcifyeG ;f wdüYk aomfvnf; *kPaf us;Zl;udk txl;jrifoí d rjypfy,ftyf aMumif;ponfhwdkYjzihf rsm;pGmjyefMum;ajymqdkav\/ odMum;rif;onf aus;rif;ü qkuakd y;í aus;rif;\ tvdq k E´ &Sdwkdif;a&ozef;.;yifudk tnGefYtwuf cufvufa0qmBuD;us,fpGm jzpfymG ;avatmif zefqif;ay;Ny;D aemuf rdrad e&m wm0wd o H mewfjynfoYkd jyefoGm;av\/ jrwf p G m bk & m;&S i f o nf 'oued y gwf ok 0 Zmwf v m þ"r®a'oemudk tus,f0dw¬m&aqmifawmfrlí cspfom;&[ef;wdkY xdktcg odMum;rif;onf nDawmftmeE´mjzpfvm\/ tvdkenf;ítaqG cifyeG ;f ü *kPaf us;Zl;udk odwwfaom aus;rif;onf igbk&m;omvQif wnf;[kZmwfudkaygif;awmfrlNyD;í ]cspfom;&[ef;wdkY þtvdkenf;jcif; rnf o nf u m; igbk & m;&S i f \ tpOf t EG , f t quf a ywnf ; / ig\ om;awmfjzpfaom ed*r0goDwdótm; iguJhodkYaom oabm&Sdaom q&mxl;q&mjrwfukd rS0D q J nf;uyf&onfjzpfí tvdek nf;onf\ tjzpf udu k m; tHMh ozG,&f m r&Sv d aS o;/ cspo f m;&[ef;wdYk &[ef;rnfonfum; ed*r0goDwó d rax&fuo hJ Ykd tvdek nf;onfjzpfay&m\/ þodo Yk abm &S d a om &[ef ; onf orx 0d y óemw&m;wd k Y r S v nf ; aumif ; ? r*fzdkvfdwkYrSvnf;aumif; qkwf,kwfjcif;iSm rxdkuf/ pifppfaomfum; bk & m;paom yk * ¾ d K vf r G e f w d k Y p H v G e f t rS e f ed A Á m ef o mvQif eD ; ay\[k rdeaYf wmfrNl y;D í þ"r®y'vm*gxmudak [mawmfral vonf/ *gxm 32/ rarhavsmhjcif;ü arGUavsmfaom arhavsmhjcif;ü ab;[k ½Iavh&adS om &[ef;onf qkw, f w k jf cif;iSm rxdu k /f edAmÁ efomvQief ;D \/ a'oemawmf*gxmtqHk;wGif ed*rogoDwdórax&fonf y#dordÇ'gwdkYESihf wuG t&[wåzdkvfokdY qdkufav\/ tjcm;aom rsm;pGmukeaf om olwo Ykd nf aomwmyefponfwkdYjzpfMuavonf/ Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;
MORAL AND ETHIC
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"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/
à aemufausmzHk;rS jzpfonf/ trsdK;om;a&;ESihf EkdifiHwuma&;&mqufqHrIrsm;wGif EdkifiH wpfEikd if u H tjcm;aomEdik if w H pfEikd if u H kd rdrEd iS q fh efu Y siaf omjyKrv l yk af qmif csut f csKd UaMumifh rke;f wD;rIukd azmfjyavh&o dS nf/ xdrk w S qifh rke;f wD;rIonf qufumqufumjzpfoGm;Muavonf/ ,if;rkef;wD;rIonf wkefYjyef vufpm;acsjcif;rsm;udkvnf; jzpfyGm;aponf/ jzpfpOfjzpf&yfrsm;pGmwdkYü ppfyGJBuD;rsm;odkYyif OD;wnfoGm;onfjzpfí razmfjyEkdifavmufatmif qif;&J'u k r© sm;ESihf touft;kd tdrpf nf;pdrrf sm;tm;vH;k ysupf ;D qH;k ½I;H onf txdjzpfyGm;apygonf/ tu,fí Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;\ jrihfjrwfaomr*¾if&Spfyg; tusijfh rwfusipfh OforYkd [kwf tv,fvrf;pOfukd uREykf w f \ Ykd aeYpOfvrl I b0qufqaH &;e,fy,fwiG f udik q f u JG sio fh ;kH Muí pdw&f n S o f nf;cHjcif;ESifh em;vnfMujcif;udyk g yl;wGu J sio fh ;kH Murnfqv dk Qi?f wkejYf yefvufpm;acsjcif; rsm;ESihf ppfyrJG sm;ay:aygufvmMurnfr[kwaf y/ r*¾i&f pS yf g;tusijfh rwfw&m;udMk unhyf gvQi?f r*¾i&f pS yf g;pvH;k ü ]]rSeu f efaom}} qdo k nhpf um;vH;k yg0ifaeonfukd awGUjrif&rnfjzpfonf/ odkYjzpfí þr*¾if&Spfyg;vrf;pOfudk uREfkyfwdkYvdkufemMurnfqdkygvQif Nird ;f csr;f rIEiS afh ysm&f iT cf sr;f ajrUrIukd &&Scd pH m;Ekid Mf urnfjzpfonft h jyif rSeu f ef aomvrf;pOftwkid ;f uREykf w f aYkd vQmufvrS ;f aeMuonfrnfygonf/ r*¾if&Spfyg;usihfpOfw&m;[lonfrSm(1) rSeu f efaom odjrifjcif;/ (5)rSeu f efaom toufarG;jcif;/ (2) rSeu f efaom BupH nfjcif;/ (6) rSeu f efaom tm;xkwjf cif;/ (3) rSeu f efaom ajymqdjk cif;/ (7) rSeu f efaom rarhravsmjh cif;/ (4) rSeu f efaom jyKvyk jf cif;/ (8) rSeu f efaom wnfMunfjcif;/ þr*¾if&Spfyg;vrf;pOfESihf eD;uyfpGm,SOfwGJqufpyfaeaom usipfh Ofw&m;rSm? ig;yg;oDvjzpfonf/ ,if;ig;yg;oDvudk Ak'b ¨ mom0if olawmfpifwu Ykd bmoma&;omoema&;tcrf;tem;tm;vH;k wdw Yk iG f yHrk eS f cH,al pmifx h ed ;f Muayonf/ ig;yg;oDvqdo k nfwrYkd mS (1) owfjcif;rSa&SmifMuOf&ef/ (2) cd;k ,ljcif;rS a&SmifMuOf&ef/ (3) olwpfyg;om;r,m;udk usL;vGejf cif;rSa&SmifMuOf&ef/ (4) vdrn f mjcif;ESit fh usKd ;r&Sad ompum;udak jymqdjk cif;rS a&Smif MuOf&ef/ (5) ao&nf? ao&ufrsm;ESifh rl;,pfapaomaq;0g;rsm; oH;k pGJ jcif;rS a&SmifMuOf&efwdkYjzpfonf/ þoDvodu©mw&m;rsm;udkazmfjyxm;yHkrSm ½dk;pif;vSygonf/ odaYk Mumihf wpfcgwpf&w H iG f ud;k uG,q f nf;uyfMuolwu Ydk ? rdrw d eYkd m;vnf Ny;D om;jzpfonf[k ,lqMuum rdrw d \ Ykd aeYpOfvrl b I 0rsm;ü rnfrQta&; BuD;NyD; vlYabmifvlYtzGJUtpnf;ESihf wkdif;jynfEdkifiHrsm;twGif; Nidrf;csrf; nDñw G af &;twGuf rnfrQtxdta&;ygyHw k u Ykd kd av;av;eufeufpOf;pm; qifjcifjcif;rjyKMuawmhay/ ¤if;oDvodu©musihf0wfw&m;rsm;udk jrwfpGmbk&m;&Sifonf Munfvifjywfom;pGm a[mqdrk ed aYf wmfro l nft h cg? vGecf ahJ omESpaf ygif; 2500 ausmu f tdE, ´d Ekid if w H iG jf zpfwnfaeaom vlaY bmifvt Yl zGUJ tpnf; \ rwnfNidrfaomtajctaersm;udk pdwfwGiftrSwf&awmfrlvsuf &Sad wmfral yonf/ þtajctaersm;onf avmb? a'go ponfh vl\ tm;enf;csufrsm;aMumihfjzpfay:vm&jcif;jzpfonf/ a'goaMumifh owfjzwfjcif;jzpfay:onf/ avmbaMumihf
à from back cover essential needs. In society, a person would show hate to another person because of the feeling, rightly or wrongly, that the particular person was a stumbling block to one's aspirations and so on. In national and international relationships, one country would express hate for another country because of certain actions against it: The hatred goes on. It leads to reprisals and, in many instances, may even lead to wars causing untold misery and destruction in lives and property. Such a state of affairs would not arise if the Buddha's Noble Eight-fold Path or the middle- path is projected into all our day- to- day human relationships, together with the exercise of Patience, Tolerance and understanding. It will be observed that the would 'Right' is contained in all the eight injunctions. Hence, if we follow the Eight-fold Path, it will be the right path that we are taking to achieve peace and tranquility. The Eight- fold Path is:(1) Right Understanding (5) Right Livelihood (2) Right Throught (6) Right Effort (3) Right Speech (7) Right Mindfulness (4) Right Action (8) Right Concentration Closely associated with the Noble Eight- fold Path, are the five Precepts which are normally observed by all Buddhist devotees in any religious meeting. They are:(a) To abstain from killing, (b) To abstain from stealing, (c) To abstain from adultery, (d) To abstain from lying and loose speech, (e) To abstain from intoxicants and drugs. These precepts are simple in the presentation and are likely, at times, to be taken for granted by devotees, without giving deep thought to the serious impact on our daily lives and to the peace and hermony of our society and country. When these precepts were enunciated by the Buddha. He had in mind the unsettled conditions of society prevailing twenty- five centuries ago in India. These conditions were caused by human failings such as anger which leads to killing, greed which leads to stealing, undue sexual impulses that lead to adultery, egoistic feelings that lead to telling false hoods, and the absence of self- control that leads to undue consumption of intoxicants or drugs. These issues are so vital to the peaceful coexistence of our human race that every follower of Buddhism is requested to repeat these precepts, again and again as a daily habit, to stay clear from the five evils that would cause pain and hurm to anyone who fails to follow the precepts. These are norms for a good society. As human beings, we all value our lives, hence we should refrain from taking the lives of other beings. At times we may be subjected to very grave provocations, but despite whatever tribulations may be poured on us, we should maintain our cool and never allow our emotions particularly anger, to get the better of us. Angry emotions can lead to deadly action. By instilling the noble spirit of love and compassion in our hearts, we should be able to maintain the precept to abstain from killing- to abstain from taking the live of other beings.
MORAL AND ETHIC "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ cd;k 0Suv f , k ufjcif;jzpfay:onf/ vGeu f aJ om umr&rufpw d \ f vIaH qmfrI aMumifh olwpfyg;om;r,m;udk usL;vGezf suq f ;D rdMuonf/ twåqefaom cHpm;rIwaYkd Mumifh rrSeaf ompum;udk ajymqdrk Md uonf/ rdru d , kd x f ed ;f csKyf Edik pf rG ;f r&Sí d t&ufaopmESifh rl;,pfaq;0g;rsm;udk vGeu f pJ mG oH;k aqmif aomufpm;rdMujcif;jzpfonf/ þjzpfpOfxyk mÜ wftaMumif;&yfrsm;onf uREykf w f v Ykd o l m;rsKd ;EG,f qufrsm;tm;vHk; Nidrf;csrf;pGm twl,SOfwGJaexdkifEdkifMuapa&;twGuf vGepf mG ta&;Bu;D onfjzpfí Ak'b ¨ mom0ifwo Ykd nf usi0fh wfou d m© qkid &f m ud, k u f siw fh &m;tjzpf þig;yg;aomoDvudk xyfcgxyfcg tBurd Bf urd f tzefzef aeYpOfc, H w l nfaqmufMuNy;D vQif ,if;oDvawmfjrwfukd rapmihf xde;f Edik o f rl sm;udv k nf; ab;Oyg'ftEÅ&m,fjzpfapwwfaom raumif;rI ig;rsKd ;wdrYk S uif;&Si;f pGm jyKral exdik Ef ikd Mf uap&ef wdu k w f eG ;f EI;d aqmftyfay onf/ ig;yg;aomoDv[lonf vlaY bmifvt Yl zGUJ tpnf;twGuf aumif;jrwf aom pHwpf&yfjzpfavonf/ vlom;rsm;taejzihf rdrw d \ Ykd toufukd tjrwfwEd;k wefz;kd xm; wwf M uonf / xd k Y t wl tjcm;wpf y g;aomowå 0 gwd k Y \ touf u d k owfjzwfMujcif;rS a&Smif&Sm;oihfayonf/ &Hzef&Hcg rdrdwdkY\pdwfudk qd;k vmap&ef vGeu f aJ omvIUH aqmfrrI sm;ESiBfh uKH awGU&wwfonf/ odaYk omf rnfuo hJ aYkd om jypfwifa0zef½w I cf srrI sm;jzihf rdrw d t Ykd ay: yHck svmonf jzpfap? rdrw d \ Ykd wnfNird rf u I kd xde;f um? rdrw d \ Ykd pdwv f yI &f mS ;rIrsm;? txl; ojzihf pdwq f ;kd jcif;a'goudk rdrt d ay:rvTr;f rd;k Edik af tmif xde;f odr;f Edik Mf u& rnfjzpfygonf/ pdwq f ;kd jcif;a'goaMumifjh zpfay:vmaom jyif;xefonfh pdwv f yI &f mS ;rIonf aoaMuysupf ;D apaom tjyKtrloYkd OD;wnfomG ;ap Edik yf gonf/ wu,fawmh rdrw d \ Ykd ESv;kH om;rsm;ü cspjf cif;arwåmESiMhf uifem oem;jcif; u½kPm[lonhf rGejf rwfoefpY ifaompdw"f mwf ude;f atmif;ap jcif;jzihf? tjcm;wpfyg;aomowå0gwdkY\toufrsm;udk owfjzwfjcif;rS a&SmifMuOfjcif;wnf;[laom oDvodum© yk'u f kd apmihx f ed ;f Edik pf rG ;f &Sv d mMu rnfjzpfonf/ nDñGwfrQw o[Zmwjzpfaom vlYabmifvlYtzGJUtpnf;\ Oya'pnf;rsOf;wpf&yftjzpf jrwfpGmbk&m;&SifoifMum;ay;awmfrlonhf 'kw, d oDvodum© yk'w f iG yf g&Sad omtcsurf mS ? olwpfyg;\ypön;f Opömwdu Yk kd cdk;,ljcif;rS a&SmifMuOf&efjzpfygonf/ pmrsufESm 20 rS (2) 'kw, d tcPf;rSm- xdkodkYodrIydkifEdkifrIaMumihf rdrd½Iaom xGuo f uf0ifoufukd &Snv f Qi&f n S rf eS ;f odap&rnf/ wdv k Qiw f rkd eS ;f odap& rnf/ wpfa,mufaomol\ wxdkiftwGif;rSmyif &SnfonhftvSnhf? wdo k nht f vSn&fh \ dS / &Snrf w I rkd u I kd wckrvGwo f ad tmif tm;xkw&f onf/ xGuo f uf0ifouf txGut f 0if aES;onfukd t&Snq f o kd nf/ vsijf ref onfukd twdq k o kd nf/ aES;vQiaf ES;rIç jrefvQijf refru I kd odap&rnfqv kd kd onf/ 'k w d , cPf ; NyD ; \/ (3) wwd,tcPf;rSm- xdkodkYt&SnftwdkodrI ydkifEdkifNyD; aemuf ESmoD;zsm;rS csuw f ikd u f satmif ud, k u f m,twGi;f ü xGuo f ufç 0ifoufwu Ykd kd tpç tv,fç tqH;k tukev f ;kH xifvif;pGm pdwrf mS jrif& atmif tm;xkw&f onf/ wwd,cPf;NyD;\/ (4) pwkwt ¬ cPf;rSm- xdo k Ykd tpç tv,fç tqH;k tukev f ;kH xifvif;rI ydkifEdkifNyD;aemuf ½kefY&if;pGmaom xGufoufç 0ifoufwdkYudk tqihfqihfodrfarGUí odrfarGUíoGm;atmif tm;xkwf&onf/ igü xGuo f ufç 0ifoufaysmufíoGm;Ny[ D k xif&atmif tm;xkw&f onf/
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One of the codes of a harmonious human society as taught by the Buddha and as contained in the second precept, is to refrain from stealing. In our human society, each of us had to work to earn our living. With the money that we earn, we buy the necessities of life for our sustenance. We treasure these necessities because we obtained them through our own sweat and labour. We can part with them, if necessary, to help others in need, but we certainly would strongly object if our requirements were forcibly taken away from us through theiving or other means. Just as we do not like other to steal our possessions, we should all adopt the precept to "refrain from stealing" under any circumstances. (To be continued) Dhamma V1-raThandar Aung. ITBM University, Yangon.
rdrw d Ykd vlaY bmifvt Yl zGUJ tpnf;wGif vlwidk ;f yif rdr0d rf;pmtwGuf tvkyv f yk Mf u&ygonf/ vkyu f ikd í f &&Sad omaiGjzihf rdrw d t Ykd ouf&iS o f ef aexdik Mf u&eftwGuf b0\vkt d yfcsurf sm;udk 0,f,Ml u&ygonf/ þb0 twGuf vdt k yfcsuw f u Ykd kd acR;ESi&fh if;ES;D Mu&aomvkyt f m;jzihf &if;ES;D um &&SdcJhMu&ojzihf wefzdk;xm;Muygonf/ trSew f u,fvt kd yfaeolwt Ykd m; ulnaD xmufy&hH efvt kd yfvm vQif þypön;f Opömt&m0w¬Krsm;udk rdrw d pYkd eG v Yf w T Ef ikd Mf uygonf/ odyYk gaomf tu,fwEÅKrrd w d b Ykd 0vdt k yfcsut f & odr;f qnf;xm;&Sad om,if;t&m0w¬K ypönf;OpömwdkYudk rdrdwdkYxHrS twif;t"r®cdk;0Suf,líjzpfap? tjcm;aom enf;jzihjf zpfap rw&m;,liifMurnfqykd gvQif uREykf w f t Ykd aejzihf trSeyf if jyif;jyif;xefxef qefu Y siu f efu Y u G &f rnfjzpfygonf/ wpfyg;aomolwu Ykd uREykf w f yYkd ikd q f ikd af omypön;f Opömwdu Yk kd cd;k ,l Murnfqv kd Qif rdrw d rYkd ESpNf rKd UMuouJo h Ykd rnfoaYdk omtajctaersKd ;ürqdk ]]cd;k ,ljcif;rS a&SmifMuOfygrnf}} [laom oDvodum© udk uREykf w f t Ykd m;vH;k u vku fd ef musiafh qmifxu dk yf gonf/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) "r®0D&- oEÅmatmif tjynfjynfqdkif&m ax&0g'Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf &efukefNrdKU/ (þum;- yxpwkuyú gVdawmfjrwf\ ygXfavQmuft"dymÜ ,f) (10) t|uxmenf; ,ck t cg þyxrpwk u ú t &mrS m t|uxmwd k Y v maom enf;vrf;udk jyqdak ytH/h (1) *Pem...taES;tjref? tpOfrSef? ESpfwefa&wGufenf;/ (2) tEkAE¨em... tNrJtrSef? twG,foef? wzefbGJUxm; enf;/ (3) xyem... Nidrf0yfjyefYjzL;? pdwfpdkufpl;? txl;pdwfxm;enf;/ t"dymÜ ,ftusOf;um;- xGuo f ufç 0ifoufw\ Ykd xdcu kd &f m Xmeonf ESmoD;zsm;ç txufEIwfcrf;zsm;[lí 2-yg;&Sd\/ tcsdKUaom olwdkYtm; ES m oD ; zsm;ü xd c d k u f r I x if & S m ;\/ tcsd K Uaomol w d k Y t m; txuf EIwfcrf;zsm;ü xdckdufrIxif&Sm;\/ rdrdüxif&Sm;&mwckckudk tpGJjyK&mtpü a&wGufenf;jzihf tm;xkwf&m\/ tv,fü tpOfvu kd ef nf;jzihf tm;xkw&f m\/ tqH;k ü xGuo f ufç 0ifoufwüYkd tcdik t f NrpJ w d x f m;enf;jzihf tm;xkwf&m\/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )
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Moral and Eithical Conduct of a Buddhist (2) Ak'b ¨ momwpfO;D \usi0fh wfou d m© qdik &f m ud, k u f siw hf &m; (2) By. Venerable Dr.K.Sri Dhammananda, JSM.,Ph.D, D.Litt. Translated into Myanmar by.Dhamma V1ra Thandar Aung; International Therava-da Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.
"r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif ( tjynf j ynf q k d i f & max&0g'wuú o d k v f )
à The immortal observation of the Buddha that "Hatred can never be eradicated by Hatred but only through love and compassion" is a valid statement that has gone unchallenged throughout the ages.
à rkef;wD;rIudk rkef;wD;jcif;jzihf rnfonhftcgumvurQ ry aysmuf a pEd k i f ? cspf j cif ; -arwå m ? Muif e moem;jcif ; *½k P mwd k Y jzih f o m z,f & S m ;ypf E d k i f o nf } } [l a om Ak ' ¨ &Sifawmfjrwfbk&m;\ tNrJ&Sifoefaernhf rdefYqdkawmfrlcsuf onf acwftqufquf rajymif;rvJ ,aeYwkdif rSefuefae qJ j zpf o nf /
Human failings
vl \ cRwf , G i f ; tm;enf ; csuf r sm;
Human failing, such as ego, greed, envy, enmity, and hate that prevailed from time immemorial, have remained unchanged even to the present time. The Buddha's enlightenment is such that His spiritual injunctions, particularly the five Precepts and the Noble Eightfold path, are prescriptions to eradicate these human weaknesses which cause pain and harm to others. The immortal observation of the Buddha that, "Hatred can never be eardicated by Hatred but only through love and compassion" is a valid statement that has gone unchallenged throughout the ages. The perennial problems that beset human beings are due to our inability to subdue our emotions like hatred, and to replace them with love and compassion. In practically veery aspect of our lives, in family circles in society, in communal, national and even international affairs, we find the ugly word 'hatred' looming large in our vocabulary and in our dealings with one another. The father hates the child for disobedience, the child hates the parents for not providing what he considers are his
twårmefrme? avmb&ruf? remvd0k efwrdk ?I &efvrkd ?I rke;f wD;rI uJo h aYkd om vl\cRw, f iG ;f tm;enf;csuw f o Ykd nf a&S;ya0PDumvrsm;u yif vlwu Ykd kd vTr;f rd;k cJMh uNy;D ? ,aeYtxdwidk af tmif rajymif;rvJ qufvuf wnf&NdS rJ wnf&adS eayonf/ jrwfpmG bk&m;ocif\ oAÁnKwÓPfawmftpGr;f jzihf vlw\ Ykd pdw"f mwfukd jyKjyifEikd Mf uap&eftwGuf oGeo f ifñeT jf yqdq k ;kH rawmfrcl suf rsm;? txl;ojzihf ig;yg;oDvESifh r*¾i&f pS yf g; t&d,musipfh Ofw&m;wku Yd kd jy|mef;ay;awmfrcl jhJ cif;onf olwpfyg;wdt Yk m; xdcu dk ef pfemapí tEÅ&m,f jyKaom vlom;wd\ Yk tm;enf;csurf sm;udk z,f&mS ;ay;&eftwGujf zpfonf/ ]]rke;f wD;rIukd rke;f wD;jcif;jzihf rnfonht f cgumvurQ ryaysmuf apEdik /f cspjf cif;- arwåmw&m;? Muifemoem;jcif;- u½kPmw&m;wdjYk zihf omvQif z,f&mS ;ypfEikd o f nf}} [laom Ak'&¨ iS af wmfjrwfb&k m;\ tNrw J ef; &Sio f efaernhf rdeq Yf akd wmfrcl suo f nf acwftqufquf rajymif;rvJ ,aeYwidk f rSeu f efaeqJjzpfonf/ vlwt Ydk m; umv&SnMf um 0ef;&H'u k a© y;aeMuaom jyóemrsm; onf rke;f wD;rIuo hJ aYkd om uREykf w f \ Ykd pdwv f yI &f mS ;rIrsm;udk rxde;f odr;f Ekid ?f arwåmu½kPmwdEYk iS hf tpm;rxd;k Edik jf cif;aMumiho f m ay:aygufvm&jcif; pmrsufESm 39 odkY