Dhamma Vira Journal, DV25-09 by Thomas Winn

Comforting wisdom for life

pdwfudkxdef;csKyfEkdifjcif;jzihf rm&frif; taESmiftzGJUrSvGwf\ Free are they who have controlled their minds á ta0;tm½HkodkYvnf; ajy;xaom? wpfckwnf;om vSnhfvnfxaom ud k , f x nf v nf ; r&S d a om? r[mbk w f w nf ; [l a om vd k P f v Qif w nf & m &S d x aom? pd w f u d k a pmih f p nf ; Ek d i f a omol w d k Y o nf rm&f r if ; taES m if t zG J U rS vG w f a jrmuf uk e f \ / á faring far, wandering alone, bodiless, lying in a cave, is the mind. Those who subdue it are freed from the bond of Ma ra.

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Address Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

vIid Mf unfjzL "r®0&D pmaywku d Ef iS hf 'D*spw f ,fpmMunfw h u dk f taqmif(1)? tcef;(6)? jrefrmtifzw dk uf? wuúov dk rf sm; vdiI ef ,fajr

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EDITORIAL

"r®0D&onf "r®opömudk ñTefjyonf/

vlrsK;d bmomra&G; b0vGwaf jrmufa&; odum usiMfh uyg Ak'b ¨ mom0ifw\ Ykd tjrihq f ;kH &nfreS ;f csuf yef;wdik o f nfum; Zmwd? Z&m? Asm"d? r& Ppaom qif;&JwrYkd S uif;vGwf NyD; at;Nidrf;&mrSef jynfedAÁmefodkY 0ifa&muf&efjzpfygonf/ xdkedAÁmefa&Tjynfeef;odkY tm;enf;aom pdwf? ZGJ? vHkYvwdkYjzihf ra&mufEkdifouJhodkY arharhavsmhavsmh aygYaygY wefwefaom pdwf"mwf? vkyfaqmifcsufwdkYjzihf oHk;oyfí&Ekdifrnfr[kwfygay/ Ak'¨vrf;ñTejf yo cJhaom tyÜrm'w&m; vufudkifxm;NyD;t&Sd y&rw¬w&m;wdkYudk t&Sdtwdkif; Budrfzefrjywfw&pyfjrifod-½IrSwfaerS&Ekdifygrnf/ wpfenf;tm;jzihf qdk&aomf (31)bHk\ t&Sdoabmjzpfaom yuwdqif;&Judk jyufjyufxifxif jrifatmif ½I rSwfae&ygrnf/ t&Sdudkt&Sdtwdkif; rjrif? rod? rrSwf? r½IbJ vGJrSm;pGm jrif? od? ½IrSwfaeygrl or®m? 'd|drjzpfEkdifawmhyg/ or®m'd|drjzpfcJhaomf tjrihfqHk;&nfrSef;csuf yef;wdkifedAÁmefESihf Mumav a0;av? a0;Murnfomjzpfygonf/ Ak'o ¨ nf vlom;ESiw fh uGaom ewf? jA[®mwdt Yk m;ay;csif? &apcsifaom t"du csrf;omrSm edAmÁ efcsrf;omjzpfygonf/ olaX;? ol<u,f? 0efBuD;csKyf? or®w? ya'o&mZf? {u&mZfpMu0aw;rif;paom pnf;pdrfcsrf;om wdkY &&ef r[kwfyg/ xdkpnf;pdrfcsrf;omwdkY[lonf at;Nidrf;rIr&Sdovdk cdkifNrJrIvnf; r&SdaomaMumihf jzpfyg onf/ xdkYaMumihf Ak'ävmif;vsmonf xdkpnf;pdrf csrf;omwdkYudk b0aygif;rsm;pGm pGefYvTwfcJhygonf/ Ak'önf vl? ewf? jA[®mowå0gwdkY tdk? em? aoa&; qif;&Jab;t00udk tBudrfBudrf tzefzefEdSyfpufcHae& onfudkvnf;aumif;? t&Sd udkt&Sdtwdkif; rjrifMubJ tjrifrSm;? todrSm;? trSwfrSm;aeMuonfudkvnf;aumif;? tvGef oem;vSaom r[mu½kPmawmfjzihf bk&m;jzpfonfrSpí y&dedAÁmefpH0ifonftxd (45) 0gywfvHk; aeYrtm; nrem; w&m;awmfrsm;udk a[mMum;cJhygonf/ bk&m;rjzpfrDuvnf; yg&rDq,fyg; tjym;oHk;q,fwdkYudk olrwlatmifjznhfusihfcJhygonf/ Ak'ËSihfwlaom u½kPm&Sif? arwåm&SifrsKd; onf olacwfolYtcguvnf;r&Sd ,ckvnf; r&Sd? aemifvnf;&Sdrnfr[kwfyg/ Ak'ü ,ckvuf&Sdb0wGif &[EÅm? tem*grf? jzpfEkdifaomenf;(5)csufudk owdolr|d w okwfüa[mxm;onfrSm ]]cspfom; cspforD;wdkY vlrsKd;ra&G;? bmomra&G;? tqihftwef; tedrhftjrifhra&G; rnfonfh yk*¾dKvfrqdk tMuifyk*¾dKvfonf þw&m;ig;yg;udk yGm;rsm;aetHh? Budrfzefrsm;pGm tNrJrjywf w&pyfyGm;rsm;aetHh? xdkyk*¾dKvfonf ,ckrsufarSmufb0rSmyif &[EÅmaomfvnf; aumif;? tem*grfaomfvnf;aumif; jzpfEkdifayonf/ xdkig;yg;[lonfum; 1/ rdrdtZÑwåoEÅmefü &Sdaom ½kyf emrfudk owdESihfuyfNyD; pdwfudk wnfNidrfatmif xm;jcif;/ 2/ ½k y f - emrf " r® w d k Y \ jzpf y suf t pOf B uD ; ud k od j rif e k d i f a omynmjzih f u d k , f c E¨ m BuD ; wpf c k v H k ; ü tok b [kMum;rvyfw&pyfyGm;rsm; aeavh&Sdjcif;/ 3/ pm;aomufzG,f&m[lorQ tm[m &tm;vHk;ü pufqkyf&GH&SmzG,fcsnf;om[k odjrif ½IrSwfaejcif;/ 4/ vl? ewf? jA[®m avmuBuD;wpfck vHk;ü arGUavsmfaysmfzG,f&m r&Sd[k jrifod? rSwf ½Iaeavh&Sdjcif; 5/ tvHk;pHkaom ½kyfemrf"r®ocFg&wdkY ü tNrJr&Sdaomtjzpfudk tNrJrjywf w&pyfjzihf od½IrSwfaeol[laom þig;yg;wdkYwnf;/ xd k Y a Mumih f ,aeY A k ' ¨ enf ; ay;vrf ; jyxm;aom w&m;awmf r sm;ud k emMum;rS w f ½ I avh v mcG i h f & aeaom ol a wmf a umif ; wd k Y o nf rd r d w d k Y \ b0ud k tav; teuf x m;NyD ; þb0üyif t em*grf & [EÅ m jzpf atmif B ud K ;pm; tm;xkwfEkdifMuap&ef "r®0D&rS wdkufwGef;today;tyfygonf/

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WE LIVE WITH DHAMMA KNOWLEDGE

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r&S d b l ; vm;/ at; opf & G u f a wG a<uwmwd k Y ? a&wd k u f p m;NyD ; awmh f mutp? awmifawGuae usvmwJh ajrawGw?Ykd 'Day:rSm vlaoawGjrK§ yw owå0gawGjrK§ yw f mutp ajrBu;D u wd;k rvmbl;/ ajrBu;D u avsmrh oGm; bl;/ wd;k wd;k vmwm/ bk&m;wpfqel w YJ pfqMl um;rSm wpf,Zl emjrihw f ufvm w,f/ wpf,Zl emqdw k m cefrY eS ;f ajymqdck sut f & (t,ltquawmh trsKd ; rsdK;&Sdw,fayhg/) 8- rdkif (odkYr[kwf) 12 rdkif? 8- rdkifyJxm;ygawmh/ bk&m;wpfqel w YJ pfqMl um;rSm ajrBu;D [m 8-rdik af vmuf tay:jrihw f uf vmw,fvYkd 'Dvadk jymwmaemf/ 'g rSeu f efw,f/ okweå w f pfcrk mS jrwfpmG bk&m;u a[mxm;wm uukoE¨jrwfpmG bk&m;vufxufwek ;f uwJh (tckA'k *¨ ,mudk bk&m;zl;oGm; wJh yk*Kd¾ vaf wG a&mufz;l vdrrfh ,f/ ]awmifig;vH;k umcdk &mZN*Kd [}f qdNk y;D awmh &mZN*dK[fu *dZÑuk#af wmif? a0ykva’ wmif? a0bm&awmif? y@0 awmif? £od*dvdawmif awmifig;vHk;&Sdw,f) tJ'DawmifawGxJrSm *dZÑu#k af wmif&UJ ajrmufbufrmS a0ykva’ wmifqw kd m&Sw d ,f/ tJ'aD 0ykv’ awmif[m uukoE¨jrwfpGmbk&m;vufxufawmftcgu awmifxdyf a&mufzdkY&m wpfvavmufwuf&w,f/ tckacwfrSmawmh tckwuf tckqif;&w,f/ wpfvxdatmif rMumawmhygbl;/ tJ'g bmajymwmvJ qd&k if ajrBu;D u jrihw f ufvmNy;D awmifawG[m edrq hf if;oGm;w,fayhg/ tJ'Dvdka[mxm;wJhokwåef&Sdw,f/ orkdif;eJYMunhfr,fqdk&if jrefrmEkdifiHrSm oa&acwå&m/ ygVd toHeYJ ]oa&} qdw k m oD&d ]acwå&m} qdw k m acwå? ]oD&ad cwå} qdw k m usuo f a&&Sw d ahJ jrvTm? ('DuaeYacwfawmh ]jynf} vdYk ac:w,fayhg/) tJ'D oa&acwå&mqdw k NhJ rKd UyJ MunhOf ;D ayhg/ a&S;a[mif;ypön;f awG[m ajrBu;D atmuf a&mufomG ;vdYk wl;azmfMu&w,f/ tJ'gvdk yk*rH mS vnf;yJ wl;azmf Mu&w,f/ ajrBu;D atmuf a&mufaevdaYk yhg/ Ak'*¨ ,m bk&m;zl;a&mufwhJ olawG awGUMuygvdrrfh ,f/ aA"dyifbuf qif;wJt h cg tedrv fh m; tjrihv f m; qd&k if edro hf mG ;wmaemf/ Ak'*¨ ,m bk&m;Bu;D [m tay:u uke;f ajrxuf ed r f h a ewmjzpf v d k Y wl ; azmf x m;w,f q d k w m trsm;BuD ; xif & S m ;w,f / atmufukd qif;&wm trSww f rJo h mG ;&if rodb;l / trSeu f atmufukd qif;&wm edro hf mG ;vdyYk /J b,fae&mjzpfjzpf wl;azmfxm;&w,f/ bmjzpf vdw Yk ek ;f qd&k if ESpaf ygif; 2500 ausmo f mG ;NyaD v/ ajrBu;D u jrihw f ufvm wm/ at; 'gaMumifhrdkY bk&m;wpfqleJYwpfqlMum;rSm ajrBuD;u wpf,Zl emavmuf (od)Yk 8- rdik af vmuf tay:udk jrihw f ufvmw,fqkd wm awmifawG[m wajz;ajz;edrv hf mwJo h abmayhg/ awmf½akH wmifq&kd if pmrsufESm 13 odkY

DHAMMA VIRA FOR YOUTHS

"r®0D&onf Ak'¨w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smuf&efjzpfonf/

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(23) ed0gawm p rmerBuD;ygeJYç b0ifrjrihfygeJY? yHkrSefaeyg/

(23) Niva- to ca Don't be prideful. Don't be conceited Live a normal simple life

BuD;yGm;csrf;omvdkolwdkif;rSm&Sd&rnhf (23) ck a jrmuf t&nf t csif ; (23) ed 0 gawmp rdrdudk,fudk ESdrfhcsjcif; rdru d , kd u f Ekd rdS cf sí ½d;k ½d;k usifh jrihjf rihf BuaH omtm;jzihf trsm;ESiw fh ef;wl yHrk eS af exdik f ajymqdkqufqHwwfjcif;onfvnf; BuD;yGm; csrf;omvdkolwdkif;rSm &Sdxm;&rnhf t&nf tcsi;f aumif;wpfck (=r*Fvmwpfyg;) jzpf\/ trsm;wumxuf ½ky&f nf? ynm? Opöm? tmPmponf wpfckckomvGefaeol onf wpfbufom;udk olESihfrwlrwef[k oabmxm;um rmeBu;D wwf\/ b0ifjri w fh wf\/ atmufajcvGww f wf\/ xdo k o l nf yg;jyif; axmifaeaom a>ra[mufEiS w fh \ l / yg;jyif ; axmif a eaom a>ra[muf u d k vl r sm;u zd E S d r f h c sif Mu\/ rmef p G , f c sd K ; csifMu\/ tjrifuyfMu\/ ysufpD;apcsif Mu\/ xdt Yk wl rmeBu;D olukd ywf0ef;usirf S vlrsm;u zdEydS cf siMf u\/ rmefp, G f csKd ;csiMf u \? tjrifuyfMu\? ysufpD;apcsifMu \/ ol w pf y g;tjrif u yf j cif ; cH & aomol o nf olwpfyg;ESihfqufqHa&;BuJNyD; txD;usef jzpfomG ; wwf\/ rdwaf umif;aqGaumif;rsm; ul n D r nh f o l avsmh e nf ; oG m ;wwf \ / aemifwiG f qkw, f w k f ysupf ;D oGm;&\/ rd r d b ,f a vmuf v S v S ? b,f avmuf ynmwwfwwf? b,favmufOpöm

aygayg? b,f avmuf&mxl;Bu;D Bu;D ? b,favmuf atmifjrifrI &&? trsm;wumESihf wef;wlyHkrSef ajymqdq k ufqH wwfoo l nf vltrsm;\ cspcf if? av;pm;? MunfndKrIudkcH&\/ vltrsm;\tul tnDudk &&Sd\/ rdrdupnf;½Hk;vQif vG,fvG,f ulul&\/ rdrdudk yHhydkYay;rnfhol aygrsm;\/ xdkolonf BuD;yGm;csrf;omrnfomjzpf\/ xdkodkY yH k r S e f a exd k i f ajymqd k q ufqHwwfjcif;aMumihf qkw, f w k yf supf ;D oGm;rnfr[kwaf cs/ od k Y j zpf í oif o nf oih f r d o m;pk ? d af qG oihyf wf0ef;usi?f oift h odik ;f t0dik ;f ? oifrh w taygif;toif;? oihfaqGrsdK;rdwfo*F[rsm;ESihf tNrJwrf;oihfjrwfvdkygvQif olwdkYxufomvGef aom oih f r S m &S d o nh f t&nf t csif ; wpf c k c k u d k taMumif;jyKí rmerBu;D ygESi?fh b0ifrjrifyh gESi?fh atmuf a jcrvG w f y gES i h f ? yH k r S e f a exk d i f a jymqd k qufqyH gav/ axmifvTm;wuf<u? ed0gw? ysuf&r*Fvm/ *kPfudkjr§ihfwif? pdwfBuD;0if? vl&Sifrkef; rnf o m/ *kPfudkarQmfaxmuf? rmef&Sdefazsmuf? vlYatmuf usdKU0if&m/ rdrd*kPfudk? jrihfapvdk? udk,fhudkESdrfhcsyg/ -r*FvmtjrLaw/ uav;wdkYa&... vlqdkwm olrsm;xufomwJh t&nf tcsif;av;awG udk,hfrSm&Sdvm&if pdwfBuD;0ifNyD; wpfyg;oludk txiftjrifao;wwfw,fuG,hf/ txiftjrifao;awmh olrsm;udk oluvnf; tac:tajymrvkyfcsifovdk olYudkvnf; olrsm; u tac:tajymrvkycf siw f t hJ wGuf rdwaf qG awG avsmh e nf ; oG m ;wwf w ,f / quf q H a &; Buo J mG ;wwfw,fu, G /hf bk & m;&S i f v uf x uf u t&S i f o m&d yk w å & mrax&f B uD ; qd k w m bk & m;&S i f u vG J & if ynmt&mrSm wu,hfxdyfwef;ynm&SifBuD;ayhg uG , f / wpf a eY t&S i f j rwf B uD ; trS w f w rJ h ouFe;f 0wf½w kH mrSm rnDrnmjzpfaewmudjk rif vdYk udk&ifi,fav;wpfyg;u ouFef;rnDrnmjzpf aewJ h t aMumif ; owd a y;owJ h / tJ ' D t cg rax&fjrwfBuD;u ]]igvdk xdyfwef;ynm&SifBuD; wpfyg;udk 'Dvakd jym&ovm;}} qkNd y;D pdwrf qd;k wJh tjyif ouFef;udkjyif0wfNyD; aemifvnf;tckvdk roifhawmfwmjrif&if owday;ygvdkY ajymowJh uG,/f

Ak'¨*Dwdum q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm& (½kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) ydvdE´0päaw¦& 0w¦K Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwfonf &mZN*Kd[fjynf a0VK0efausmif;awmfü aeawmfrlaomtcg &[EÅm &Siyf v d Ed 0´ pärax&fonf a&SUa&SUaom b0ig;&mwdüYk txufwef;pm; rif;ykPmÖ ;csn;f jzpfc&hJ m 0goemtavsmu f cyford ;f aom &Siv f l wdu Yk dk ]0ov} ol,w k [ f k ac:avh&\ dS / &[ef; wdo Yk nf xko d aYdk c:qkjd cif;aMumihf a'go&Sad ,mif wum;[k awG;awmMuí bk&m;udak vQmuf&m wGif ]]tuuúoH 0dnmyed }H } paom *gxmukd a[mawmfro l nf/ tuuúoH 0dnmyed ?H *d&H opö rk'&D a,/ ,m, embdoaZ uÍö?d wr[H jALrd jAm[®P/H jref r muAsm tMuifpum; ajymMum;aomtcg? Mum;&oltm; rsuyf mG ;rvm/ csKdomñTefjy usKd;&rSefpGm? ajymqkrd S qk&d jAm[®Pm/ He who utters gentle, instructive, true words, who gives offence to none, him I call a brahmana,

pum;ajy/ / tMuifoo l nf wpfpw kH pfa,muf tm; vGeu f sL;pum; apmfum;cufxef? rqufqH &? csKdomqHk;r usKd;&vrf;ñTef? rSefuefaom pum;udkom qdk&m\/ xdkoludkom jAm[®[k igbk&m;a[mMum;awmfrl\/ 'gaMumifh uav;wdv Y k nf; b,favmuf ynmwwf w wf ? b,f a vmuf ½ k y f a csmacsm? olrsm;xuf bmyJomaeomae rmerBuD;bJ yHrk eS af jymqdak edik q f ufqMH u&r,faemf/ (23) r*Fvm r*Fvm? 38 jzm r*Fvm/ 23- rSm a[mñTeMf um;? ed0gawmp r*Fvmw&m;/ vltrsm;ESifh qufq&H m? ud, k rfh meudk csKd ;ESrd yf g/ om&dyw k må yrmjy? ud, k rfh meudk csKd ;ESrd Mf u/ rmefuif;vdv k S nDav;i,f? b0ifjrihrf I a&Smif&mS ;uG,/f b0ifjrihrf I a&SmifEikd rf ?S tjrifreS v f Ykd aumif;usKd ;&/

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txifESifhtjrif uGm[csuf Oyudúavom (10)csuf q&mawmfOD;eE´ ta&mif - yD w d - yó'¨ d - o'¨ g wpfjzm 0D&, d - okc- Ak'-d¨ eduEÅEd iS -fh owdOayu©m þq,fjzm rSwyf gtEÅ&m,f/ (0dyóemnpfnL;aMumif;w&m; 10yg;) xdq k ,fcsuw f iG f r*ftxif y,fxiG f &Si;f um tvif;omr*¾gr*¾ÓP'óe0do'k /d¨ þq,fyg;um; 0dyóemO',AÁ, jzpfysuÓ f Pfjzpfp rEkr&ifrh pS í awGUwwfav onf/ xdk (10) csuw f iG f eduEÅd (1) yg;om udavomjzpfonf/ usef (9) yg;um; udavom r[k w f / O',AÁ , ÓPf \ t&S d e f 0d y óem tm;xkww f o hJ w l ikd ;f 0dyóem O',AÁ, jzpfysuf ÓPfa&mufwt hJ cg (1) yg;aomfvnf;aumif;? (2) aomfvnf;aumif; ponfjzihf rjzpfrae awGU&avonf/ r*fÓPfzv dk Ó f Pfuw kd m;aom w&m;rsm;r[kw?f 'Dw&m;awGukd awGUaomtcg rawG U zl ; ao;aomcsrf ; omud k awG U &ojzih f igawmhjzihf w&m;xl;&ayNy[ D k auseyfaeojzihf a&SUqufítm;rxkwfawmhbJaejcif;udkom 0dyóemtEÅ&m,f[k qdjk cif;jzpfonf/ 'Dw&m; awG u d k awG U aomtcg 'D w &m;awG u d k y J jzpf y suf ½ I í ausmf v T m ;&avonf / þpma&;olonf 'DOyuúad vomw&m; (10) yg; vuFmudk aMunufaeatmif t&usufxm; yg\/ tu,f í igonf 0d y óemw&m; tm;xkwfwJhtcg 'DOyuúdavom (10) yg; awGUcJh&if jzpfysuf½Ií ausmfvTm;vkdufrnf[k tm;cJ x m;vk d u f \ / wu,f a wG U wJ h t cg usawmhþpma&;ol o nf rEÅ a v;Nrd K U\ ta&SUwnfw h nhüf &efuif;awmif&\ dS / &efuif; awmifta&SUajrmuf (2) rdkifuGmavmufrSm awmif y k v k a wmif u av;ES i h f awmif a jcü ausmif;uav;&Sd\/ xdkausmif;ü udk&ifBuD; OD;ar"m&Sd\/ xdkOD;ar"mtxHodkYoGm;í 'DrSm 0gqdkcGihfjyKyg[k avQmufvkduf\/ &[ef;vm;? ud&k ifvm;ar;\/ ud&k ifyg[kajymvku d \ f / qdw k m ayhg- awmifay:rSmausmif;uav;&Sw d ,f? cP aeawmh vku d yf aYkd y;r,f[ak jym\/ 'geJY Z&yfay: wufNy;D em;aevku d \ f / ae0ifarSmifw&Davmuf usawmh OD;ar"m[m rD;tdru f av;qGNJ y;D ? vmawmifay:ausmif;oGm;&atmif[k a&SUuwuf oGm;\/ þpma&;olvnf; a&yHk;uav;qGJNyD;

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q&mawmfO;D oD[udk uefawmhNy;D pum;ajym&if; qGr;f cHomG ;csed u f kd apmifah e &\/ 8 em&Dx;kd awmh wHk;acgufaMu;pnfwD;NyD; &Gmausmif;uOD;Zif; ud&k ifrsm;u a&SUu'dUk u olwaYkd emufu 'daYk emuf uausmif;om;av;awG wef;pDNyD; a&xGuf&Gm taemufawmifaxmihfrS ta&SUajrmufaxmihf txd &G m v,f v rf ; rBuD ; twk d i f ; oG m ;&\/ qGr;f avmif;ol 'gum? 'gumr rsm;u vrf;\ 0J,muae avmif;vSLMu\/ vrf;qHk;awmh qGr;f [if; 3- 4 cGupf ED iS fh qGr;f tjynh&f Mu\/ a&xGu&f mG qGr;f cHoC H mu rsm;vS\/ &efuif; awmif oHCmawGvnf;vm\/ ta&SUbuf awmifajcu oHCmawGvnf; vm\/ odaYk omf qGr;f ? qGr;f [if;&wmjcif;uawmh twlwyl gyJ/ 'g[m a&xGuf&Gm'um? 'umrtaygif;wdkY\ aeYpOfavmif;vSLaewJh ukodkvfaumif;rIawG ygwnf;/ qGr;f cHNy;D vdYk ausmif;jyefa&mufawmh ajcaq;? Z&yfay:wuf? oydwfudk bk&m;vSL? vuf z uf & nf a omuf & if ; ? pum;ajym&if ; qGrf;pm;csdefudkapmifh&\/ (10) em&Davmuf usawmh a&csd K ;? qG r f ; pm;NyD ; oG m ;vQif wpf a eY w mtwG u f a&yH k ; av;ud k q G J N yD ; awmifay:wufc\ hJ / ausmif;av;a&mufawmh wef;ay:ouFe;f vTr;f Ny;D wH;k vH;k vS\ J / ausmuf oabFm\ olYtwkdif;wkdif;udk rSwfawmh\/ rSwo f mrSwaf e&w,f? ½Iuu G f u OD;wnfcsuf r&S?d &rf;rSe;f Ny;D [dv k x kd m;Munhv f u dk ?f 'Dvx kd m; Munfv h u dk yf &J adS o;\/ Mumawmh igtm;xkwv f m wm (6) vavmufawmif&adS eNy/D w&m;awGUzdYk qdw k maemufxm;? ½Iuu G \ f OD;wnfcsuaf wmif r&Sdao;/ awmfrSyJ enf;ajymif;rSjzpfrnf[k anmifav;yif awm&BuD;ausmif; wdkufq&m awmf\ y#dpöorkyÜg'ft&ompmtkyfüygaom usih f p Of u d k a jymif ; Munh f \ / ol Y u sif h p Of u ÓPfpOftwkdif; emr½lyy&dapä'ÓPf? ypö, y&d*¾[ÓPf? or®oeÓPf? O',AÁ,ÓPf ponfjzihf ocFg½lyu©ÓPftxd (ab;uvSr;f ajymaewmud)k tm½Hjk yKaeovdk ESv;kH oGi;f ae& \/ 'guvnf; 'DygVdtpOfom&vm\/ emr½ly y&dapä'ÓPfqw kd m b,fv[ kd m? ypö,y&d*[ ¾ ÓPfqdkwm b,fvdk[m[k uGJuGJjym;jym;rod jzpfaejyef\/ 'Denf;[mvnf; igESit fh qifrajy ao;[k pOf;pm;Ny;D -

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf avmuD avmukwå&mtusKd;ESpfyg;twGuf jzpfonf/ atmuf a usmif ; ud k q if ; oG m ;NyD ; ? OD;ar"m- 'DrmS 0dyóemESiyfh wfoufNy;D bmpm tkyfrsm; &SdovJ[k ar;vkduf\/ r[mpnf ½Ienf; wGJ (2) tkyf&Sdonf[k ajym\/ [[efwmyJ? 'DpmtkyfawGudkMunhfNyD; avhusihf xm;rnf / 0guRwf r S Nrd K Uud k j yef N yD ; 'D r [mpnf e nf ; ud k vuf x yf o if , l N yD ; tm;xkwfawmhrnf[k pdwful; NyD; pmtkyfBuD; awG u d k , l u m awmif a y:ud k w uf c J h \ / ausmif ; ud k a &muf a wmh pmtk y f B uD ; awG u d k MunhNf y;D azmif;w,f? ydew f ,f[k rSwaf wmh\/ 4- 5 &ufavmufMumawmh awmfawmfav; rSwfwwfvm\/ pdwv f nf;Nird v f m\/ aemuf w&m;xdik rf w S v f Ykd 10- 15 rdepfavmufMumawmh ausmuaeacgif;txd trIefvHk;uav;awG wufvm\/ acgif;a&mufawmh pGyu f s,t f usÐ udk vSefcRwfí acgif;usawmh wpfaeovdk wpfaeawmh\/ xkid w f idk ;f xkid w f ikd ;f csn;f jzpfae awmh\/'DtvHk;uav;awG uRwfxGufoGm; vQif w&m;xl ; awG U rS m yJ [ k pd w f u vnf ; xifxifae awmh\/ 'gaMumihf w&m;xdik w f idk ;f 'D t vH k ; av; awG u d k acgif ; uuRwf x G u f oGm;atmif cRwfcRwf ae&\/ wpf&ufrSm awmh tvH k ; uav;awG wuf v monf E S i h f aqmifhwGef;NyD;cRwfvkduf\/ uRwfxGufoGm; awmh \ / &S i f ; ueJ v nf ; jzpf o G m ;\/ Munf v if r I v nf ; &vm\/ tJ ' D a eY u atmufausmif;rSm t½kPq f rG ;f uyf&\ dS / ntdyf &ef qif;vmcJ\ h / vrf;wpf0ufavmufa&muf awmh ajcovH;k xJu atmifu h eJjzpfNy;D aumif; oGm;\/ atmufausmif;a&mufawmh w&m;u vnf; tifrwefxdkifcsifaewmeJY OD;ar"mudk EIwq f uf? wku d u f av;xJ0if ukvm;xdik af y: xkid f Ny;D w&m;rSwv f u dk o f nfEiS fh odyrf Mumyg/ acgif; ay:u avmif;csvu dk o f vd-k yDwad wG[m wpfudk,fvHk;odkY zsef;zsef;[k pD;qif;oGm;awmh \/ vlvnf; uwHu k &ifjzpfNy;D wHck gaeawmh \/ igawmh w&m;xl;&Ny?D b,fq&mawmf&UJ a&;om;csuEf iS fh udu k Nf y?D Oyuúad vor[kwEf ikd f [k udk,fvdk&mqGJawG;NyD; auseyfaeawmh\/ aemif t m;xk w f o uf w rf ; awmf a wmf a v; &if h v mrS w&m;xl ; r[k w f Oyuú d a vo[k odawmh\/ aemufwpfcu k rEÅav;\ taemuf ajrmufrif;uGe;f &JU txuf 2- 3 rdik u f mG avmuf rSm tH;k wZif&mG &S\ d / tH;k wZif&mG rS taemuf wjznf;jznf;wufoGm;awmh (1) rdkifavmuf a&mufaomtcg aemufcHawmifwef;BuD;ESihf awmifajcavsmü ta&SUawmifbufu ta&SU

ajrmufbufodkY pD;qif;vmaom vQdL½dk;ESihf taemufajrmufrS ta&SUodkYpD;qif;vmaom vQLd ½k;d wdYk aygif;qHak eaomqH&k yfae&mrS txuf 15- 20 ayavmuf jrihaf om awmifjyefu Y av; ESifh awmifjyefaY y:ü txdyrf mS apwDEiS hf udu k f (200)ywf v nf c ef Y & S d a om awmif u av; wpf v H k ; &S d \ / awmif u av;\ ta&S U buf tajcü opf y if tk y f t k y f q k d i f ; qd k i f ; ES i h f ausmif;uav; 4- 5 vH;k &S\ d / awmifv;kH av; &JUajrmufbuftajcü *l&\ dS / *l\ajrmufbuf urf;yg;,Hü ta&SUtaemuf wpfvyk pf um;yif wef ; BuD ; &S d \ / w½k w f p um;yif wef ; \ ajrmuf b uf a tmuf ü vQd L ajrmif B uD ; &S d \ / vQLd wGi;f ü a&wGi;f wdrw f rd u f av;ü a&aygvS \/ oefv Y nf;oef\ Y / aumif;vnf;aumif;\/ xdu k sLyifawm&odYk a&mufomG ;\/ q&mawmf udk OD;csNy;D OD;tm'dpEö iS fh OD;0g,rwdu Yk v kd nf; OD;cs EIwfqufum w&m;tm;xkwf&ef vmaMumif; ajymí ae&mawmif;vdu k \ f / awmifv;kH uav; &JU ajrmufbufu *ludkae&may;\/ *lwGif;ü ukwifuav;wpfvHk;&Sd\/ acgif;&if;bufü ½kyyf mG ;awmfwpfq&l \ dS / oef&Y iS ;f \/ tm;xkwf &efaumif;\/ reufapmapmu tnpftaMu;okwf oif? rsufESmopf? *lxJ0ifí bk&m;uefawmh w&m;½IrSwf\/ 'DtcsdefrSm w&m;½IrSwfwmu 0ifavxGuaf vtay: jzpfysuw f ifNy;D ½Irw S af e wJhtcsdefjzpfyg\/ t½kPfwufawmh oHacsmif; acgufí w&m;cs? yJjyKwEf iS fh a&aEG;aomuf&\/ NyD;vQif *lodkYjyefí qGrf;cHoGm;csdef apmifh&\/ (6) em&Davmufusawmh OD;0g,ru toHjyKí oydwfvG,fum qif;cJh&\/ tHk;wZif&Gm&JU taemufbuftajcudak &mufawmh &Gmem;ywf vnf u ausmif ; awG u qG r f ; cH r nh f u d k & if ? ausmif;om;&[ef;awGudk awGU&\/ 8 em&D vnf;xdk;a&m tem;rSm&SdwJh wHk;udkacgufí tcsuaf y;Ny;D vQif &Gm&JUtaemufuae ta&SU awmifaxmihftxd wef;pDíoGm;&\/ 'um? 'umrrsm;u vrf;&JU0J,muae qGr;f ? qGr;f [if; rsm;udk avmif;vSLMu\/ qGrf;cHvrf;qHk;awmh &Gmta&Suxdyf udkaygwdkYtdrfuyihfí a&aEG; uyf\/ a&aEG;aomuf? toift h wifph um;ajym Ny;D xjyefcMhJ u\/ ausmif;a&mufawmh oydwu f kd "r®m½Hx k rJ mS bk&m;wifvLS cJNh y;D *lojYkd yefcNhJ y;D cP em;? w&m;rSw&f if; qGr;f pm;csed u f kd apmif&h \/ (10) em&DcaJG vmufusawmh qGr;f pm;oHacsmif; acgufí qif;cJ\ h / "r®m½Hx k rJ mS qGr;f pm;? a&aEG; aomuf? oydwfaq;NyD; *lodkYjyefum a&csdK;? (1)csuftxdem;NyD; w&m;rSwfawmh\/ nae

Yk u G í f ta&SU (5) em&Davmufusawmh *la&SUodx taemufvrf;avQmuf&if; &orQaom *gxm vuFmpmwdu Yk jkd yef\/ (6) em&DcaJG vmufusawmh ajrmufbufab;urf;yg;&HrmS &Sw d hJ w½kwpf um; wef;BuD;&JUtv,fu w½kwfpum;yifBuD;&JU atmufrmS cif;xm;wJph ifay:rSm wH;k vH;k vSí J em; vkduf\/ 'Dvdkem;vkdufwkdif; ajc&if;buf&Sd w½kwpf um;yifBu;D ay:u bmBu;D qif;vmawmh rSmvdkvdk jzpfjzpfae\/ 'gayr,hf MumMumu awmh trSwfr&/ w&m;½SKrSwf&if; (8) em&D avmuf u sawmh *l x J 0 if ? bk & m;uef a wmh ? td y f r aysmf r csif ; w&m;½S K rS w f \ / þuJ h o d k Y aeYpOfavhusihf\/ wpf&ufrSmawmh nae (5) em&D avmufrmS *luxGuNf y;D vrf;avQmufaepOf ta&SU xdyu f vlypkH rH sKd ; wHvQy&f yd o f nfajy;ívmum aemufuaeodrf;ízufawmh\/ tawGU"mwf vnf;yg\/ awmfawmfaMumufoGm;\/ 'gay r,hf MumMumzufEikd yf rkH &? vTww f NhJ y;D taemuf odkY ajy;awmh\/ vSrf;Munhfvkdufaomtcg oif j zL;wpf c syf p mavmuf rD ; cd k ; jymjymav; cif;aeonfukd awGU&\/ 'Dvkd aeYpOftm;xkwf&if; (7) &uf avmufa&mufawmh qGr;f cHutjyef? oydwu f kd bk&m;vSLcJhNyD; ckwifuav;ay:rSmxkdifwJhNyD;? 0ifavxGufavudkjzpfysuf½Iae&if;? jzpfysuf awG[m wtm;jrefNyD;wufoGm;wmudk rvGwf atmifvkdufí½I&if; a0gqdkjyKwfusovdkjzpfNyD; aysmufq;kH oGm;awmh\/ oJawmifyu hJ svYkd oHreI f xaeovdk rsuEf mS rSm tcd;k awG½u kd af eawmh\/ cPMumawmh MunhfNyD; pdwfcsrf;omvdkufwm? ajymr,Hk BuHKzl;rSodjzpfawmh\/ 'DtcsdefrSm tjyifu iSufoHuav;awG[m em;rSmwkduf? em;rSmwGiq f ;kH Ny;D 0rf;xJtxdra&muf[k jzpfawmh \/ 'Dwpfcgawmh aocsmNyD? igw&m;xl;&NyD/ oDwma&tvHk;wpfaxmifjzihf avmif;ouJhodkY csrf;omw,fqdkwm [kwfayonf[k pGJíoGm; awmh\/ (2) &ufavmufyJ quftm;xkwv f Ykd r&? 0ovdkjzpfae\/ 'DawGU&Sdcsufudkvnf; (2) ESpfavmufMumrS Oyuúdavo[k od awmh\/ 'gaMumifh wu,fawGUaomtcg ud, k v f o kd vdq k aJG wG;NyD; Oyuúad voü epfae awmh\/ 'gaMumihf 0dyóem½Iaomyk*Kd¾ vrf sm; onf ½IaeqJü cE¨mwGi;f u bmyJawGUawGU? awGU wmudk jzpfysufjrifatmif qufí½I&rnfjzpf awmh\/ usrf;udk;- 0dok'¨dr*f- Oyuúdavo OD;eE´ (rEÅav;)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

jyefcJhygawmh om;&,f

e'DoQH('óe)

(1) tvkd&SdwJhqE´wpfck awmif;qkjyKEkdif w,fq&dk if rawGra0 awmif;qkwpfck yefa`cG csiyf gw,f/ opömESi, fh OS af om bmomw&m;ü om;av;wpfa,muf jyefvnfoufa&mufvm ygapom;/ tJ'g tarh&ifxu J tawmifw h qk;H qk w pf c k y g/ rS m ;,G i f ; wJ h o nmawG a Mumif h arSmifrkdufwJhurÇmavmuBuD;rSm prf;w0g;0g; a&GUvsm;ae&wm &Sio f efciG &fh wJh b0qkvmbf twGuf epfemvSygw,f/ b0wpfcv k ;Hk ukd NcKiH Hk okH;oyfEkdifpGrf;wJh pepfuswJh OD;aESmufwnf aqmufrI rjynhfpkHao;cif aysmf0iftqdyfawG om;&JUOD;aESmufxJukd pD;0ifoGm;wmvm;/ odkY r[kwf b0ukdawmufajymifapzkdY BuKd;pm;½kef; uef & if ; om;&J U ES v k H ; om;rS m bk & m;wnf z k d Y arhavsmhcJhrdwJh tarh&JUwm0efvpf[if;rIvm;/ a0cGrJ &wJh rsO;f rwfMum;rSm trSew f &m;ukd tar tBurd Bf urd f 0efcsryd gw,f/ tarwd&Yk UJ NrKUd jzpfwOhJ uúrH mS qkd tar wd[ Yk m tcsr;f omqk;H r[kwaf yr,hf bk&ihaf emif &yfuGufxJrSmawmh jynhfpkH<u,f0olawGqkdwm tm;vk;H eD;yg; odMuw,f/ bmoma&;½Iaxmifh uMunhf&if pifMu,fvSw,frxif&ayr,hf rdom;pktwGufa&m? omoemawmfjrwfBuD;udk yg aumif;aumif;axmufyahH y;Ekid w f hJ vkyif ef; &Sad ew,fav/ teD;pyfq;Hk bke;f Bu;D ausmif;jzpf wJh a&Tbkdausmif;ukd wpfq,hfig;&ufwpfBudrf qGr;f tkyyf aYkd qmifvLS 'gef;Ny;D tdru f dk tNrq J rG ;f cH <uwJh oHCmawmfig;yg;udv k nf; aeYpOf qGr;f avmif;vSLNyD; ukodkvf,l&wmayhg taru tvkyfawGaMumifh tNrJravmif;vSLEkdifayr,hf tdro f m;wpfa,mufa,mufukd tNro J wday;Ny;D avmif;vSLapw,f/ (2) tarwdt Yk rd o f m;awG pwifNy;D jynhpf Hk vmwJhedrdwfu xl;jcm;w,f/ tJ'Dwkef;u om; trBu;D ESi;f ,ka0awmif i,fi,fy&J adS o;w,f/ tdrfrSm wpfESpfpmqDukd pOfhtkd;eJYodkavSmifNyD; pm;w,f/ tJ'DqDtkd;[m aeYwkdif;okH;ayr,hf reufwkdif; vQHusaew,f/ aemufawmh om; tazu aeYpOfvQHusw,fqkdNyD; tukefcyf,l vkdufwm aemufydkif;rvQHawmhbl;/ aeYwkdif;

ok;H avmuf½o Hk mcyf&if tNrv J QaH erSmvdYk tar awG;rdw,f/ tJ'DqDawGvQHwJhtcsdefrSm om; nDrav;ukd rD;zGm;cgeD;av/ 'gaMumifh om;nDr av; arG;vmawmh emrnfukd oGef;a0oQHvdkY trnfay;cJhwmayhg/ om;&JUtaz[m xrif;pm;aumif;½kH enf;enf;aomufwwfayr,hf &rf;um;wmawG? rdom;pkudk taESmuft,Suaf y;wmawG rvkyf awmh tarvnf; em;vnfay;xm;&wmayhg/ 'gayr,hf t&uf? uGr;f ? aq;vdyq f w dk m vludk csufcsif;aoapwmr[kwfayr,hf t&pfus pepf e J Y o wf a ewJ h aorif ; wref a wG y g/ tck c sd e f c grS m rod o mayr,h f Z&me,f x J csif;eif;0ifa&mufvmwJhtcg odvm&ygvdrfh r,f/ rdef;uav;wpfa,muftaeeJY t&Sdukd t&Sdtwkdif;ajym&r,fqkd&if t&uf? uGrf;? aq;vdyfawGudk vkH;0rokH;aqmifapcsifygbl;/ tJ't D csuu f dk om;oabmaygufapcsiw f ,f/ om;u txufwef;qufrwufawmh bl;qkdwmod&awmh tarharQmfvihfcsufawG opfprd ;f csK;d csK;d cH&NyaD yhg/ om;om ausmif;quf wufr,fq&dk if om;t&rf;awmif;wwJh ,mrm [mqkid u f ,f0,fay;r,fvYkd tarpnf;½k;H cJah o; w,f/ bmaMumihfvJqkdawmh tarwdkYwkef;u ynma&;xuf rdom;pkpm;0wfaea&;ukd OD;pm; ay;cJh&w,f/

(3) rlvwef;eJY ynma&;qk;H cef;wdik cf &hJ wJh tar[m i,fpOfuwnf;u aq;vdyfckHrSm 0ifvyk cf &hJ w,f/ tar[m qif;&Jjcif;&JU cg;oD; wJhtawGUtBuKHawGaMumihf qif;&JwGif;xJu vGwaf tmif ½ke;f cJ&h wmyg/ tar roifMum;cJh &wJyh nmawG om;ukd wwfajrmufapcsiw f ,f/ om;&JUtrawGvnf; txufwef;rSmyif ynm a&; NyD;qkH;oGm;w,f/ om;u wu,fawmh ÓPf&nfredrfhygbl;/ om;rSwfpkpmtkyfav;rSm a&;xm;wJh pmwkad v;wpfy'k u f kd tar trSw&f ao;w,f/ ]]awmfr0if eef;rxkdufwJh 'Dyef;ukd? raysmf&Tif rif;rBuKdufvkdY ryefbl;qkd&ifvJ? erf;½SKdufum arT;r,fqkd&ifjzihf? yef;pkdufol uk, d w f pfa,mufawmh auseyfygNy}D } om;&JUnDr oGe;f a0oQu H awmh Oya' bmom&yfeYJ ausmif;Ny;D oGm;w,f/ oluawmh tarwdrYk o d m;pkrmS *kP, f pl &mav;aygh/ om;&JU tpfrawGtm;vk;H bGUJ r&Muayr,hf bmoma&; todynmawmh tm;aumif;Muw,f/ OuúNH rKUd &JU bk&m;BuD;ausmif;rSm w&m;yJGusif;y&if tNrJ w&m;emw,f / qG r f ; BuD ; avmif ; qk d v nf ; ya'omyifawGoD;NyD; vSLw,f/ omoemeJY awGU&wJhb0wefzkd;ukd olwdkYem;vnfMuw,f/ omoemqkdwm ig;axmifvkdY ESpfawGowf rSwfxm;ayr,hf wu,fwrf; ukd,feJYouf

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrI y"meukdy,fí tukokdvfuif;aom &SifoefrItwGufjzpfonf/ qkdifwm ukd,fhoufwrf;twGif;rSmyg/ usef wJhumv[m ukd,feJYwkduf½kdufywfoufwm r[kwfbl;/ omoemeJYawGUwkef;rSm b0&JU tESpo f m&? b0&JUwefz;dk ukd t&,lzYkd tvGef ta&;BuD ; ygw,f / (4) &SifoefaexkdifcGihf&wJh aeY&ufawG wkid ;f rSm tarwdaYk wG[m uk, d b fh 0Zmwfvrf;ukd a&;zGUJ aeMu&wmyg/ b0udk tESpo f m&rJah pwJh tvkyaf wGecYJ sn;f tcsed rf ukeo f ifo h vdk b0&JU tcsdefawGukd trSefwu,fta&;BuD;wJht&m awGrSm wefzkd;&SdpGm tokH;csMu&rSmyg/ ckqkd tartvkyaf wGrsm;? pdwaf wGrsm;ayr,hf aeYpOf rdepfESpfq,f? em&D0uf w&m;xkdifjzpfatmif BuKd;pm;w,f/ rysufap&qkdwJht"d|mefeJYayhg/ 0dyóemw&m;qkw d m omoemwGi;f rSmom &Ekid f tm;xkwfEkdifwJhw&m;vkdY rkd;ukwfq&mawmf bk&m;Bu;D a[mMum;wm taremcJ&h w,f/ ckqkd&if aESmihfaES;MuefYMumrIaMumifh jzpfay:vmEkdifwJh tusKd;qufeJY tckcsufcsif; h wGuf &&Sv d mEkid w f hJ tusK;d tjrwfudk pwifwJt tar tNrcJ sichf sed pf Of;pm;avh&ydS gw,f/ wu,f awmh b0oHo&mc&D;rSm ukd,fjyKwJhuHom ukd,hfaemufygrSmyg/ usefwmtm;vkH; xm;cJh& rSmav/ uk, d u fh , dk u f dk rjrwfE;dk wJo h [ l m trsm; tjrifrSm tjrihfpHjzpfayr,hf uHMur®mw&m;½kH; [m a&SUaeiSm;vkrYd &ygbl;/ a&yGuyf rm vIyv f yI f omwnfwb hJ 0rSm tESpo f ma&awGjzpfwhJ 'ge? oDv? bm0em? 0dyóemukov kd af wGudk &Ekid f orQ BuK;d pm;&,lzYdk q&mawmfBu;D awG oGeo f if wm emMum;cJh&w,f/ tJ'D rGefjrwfwJh vkyf aqmifcsufawGrygbJ &Sifoef&wJh ESpfwpf &mxuf rGefjrwfwJhtvkyfawGeJY &Sifoef&wJh wpf&ufu ykdwefzkd;&Sdygw,f/ om;udkvnf; 'Dw&m;awG em,lapcsiv f u dk w f m/ ckawmh.../ (5) om;u rd e f ; uav;wpf a ,muf e J Y vufxyfawmhr,fw/hJ vufcEH idk yf gw,f/ tcsed f wef&if oD;Mu yGiMfh u&rSmyJr[kwv f m;/ 'gayr,hf om;,lr,fhrdef;uav;u bmomjcm;/ 'gu awmh csufcsif;vufcHzkdY cufcJw,fav/ rdb wkdif;&JUobm0yJ/ ]]'Db0rSm aemufwpfBudrf xyfjzpfawmhrSmr[kwfwJh cHpm;rIrsKd;eJY olYukd cspfcJhrdwmyg/ oleJYa0;&mrSmomae&r,fqkd&if &Sifoefjcif;&JUt"dyÜg,f[m aysmufqkH;oGm;yg vdrrhf ,f}} wJ/h urÇ m avmurS m tcspf e J Y t wd k Y txd cH v k d u f & wJ h o l [ m tm;enf ; csuf

wpf c k u k d yk d i f q k d i f vk d u f & wmygyJ / tJ ' D r d e f ; uav;u om;twG u f tm;enf ; csuf q k d w m aocsmygw,f / om;u olrSolqkdawmh tif;av [kdu tydkifpDpOfNyD; rvGww f rf;zrf;wmuk;d / tvScsr;f omNy;D £a`E´ Bu;D wJt h ysKpd ifudk t½l;trl;jzpfwm rqef;vSyg bl;/ ]]rif;ighudk rjrifrawGU&&ifawmifrS ihgtcspf awGu rif;twGuf tNrw J rf;&Sad erSmyg}} qkw d hJ cspf o 0Pf v T m [m om;&if x J u jrwf E k d ; rI yrmPukd xif&mS ;jyaeygw,f/ om;ukd tarGjywfvdYk &ifh&ihfoD;oD; rajymvkdufrdayr,hf om;eJYywfoufwm bm wpfcrk S tarwdb Yk ufu wm0efr,lcb hJ ;l / tJ'g &Sufvnf;&Suf? a'govnf; xGufvGef;vdkYyg/ rdef;uav;&JUrdom;pkbufu tppt&m&m pDpOfay;cJhwmudkawmh tarh&ifxJrSm aus;Zl; wifvrYdk qk;H ygbl;uG,/f tar pdwaf jywJw h pfaeY om;wdkYukd tultnDtaxmuftyHh ay;oGm; rSmyg/ tJ'Dtcsdefa&mufzkdY tar awmfawmf ajzodr, fh &l OD;r,f/ (6) ckawmh tarydkNyD; pdwfxdckduf&NyD/ om;u bmomrwlaom rdef;uav;udk ,l½kH rubJ om;uk, d w f idk f tarwdb Yk momr[kww f hJ tawG;tac: t,ltqawGudk jzefYa0ay;ae wJh yl&Puóywdv Yk dk jzpfaeNy/D wpfaeY om; tarhqv D mw,f/ ajr;rav; tkid ;f &pfav'Dyg ac:vmw,f/ ajr;rav;ukd tarcspv f u kd w f m/ tBurd Bf urd f erf;rdw,f/ ajr;rav;u olt Y areJY yk d w l a wmh acsmawmh w mayh g / ES m wH a y:NyD ; oG,fvswmawmh om;eJYwlw,f/ zGm;zGm;vdkY vnf; ac:wwfw,f/ om;jyefcgeD;awmh tarhukd pum; wpfceG ;f ajymoGm;w,f/ ]]tar om;wdb Yk mom xJudk 0ifyg}} wJh/ tar &ifemvGe;f vdYk tJ'n D u tdyv f Ykd awmifraysmb f ;l / 'gayr,hf om;u aemufajym aewmr[kwb f ;l / twnfajymaewm/ tJ'gu tarh u d k yd k N yD ; &if e mapw,f / rS m ;,G i f ; wJ h tawG ; tjrif ? t,l t qawG u vnf ; jyif ; xef p G m pG J v rf ; apw,f v d k Y bk & m;u a[mxm;wmygyJ/ a0g[m&tm;jzihfawmh 'd|Kyg'gefwJh/ ck a wmh tar ajzEk d i f y gNyD / tarhom;ukd opömeJ, Y OS w f hJ bmom w&m;qD qG J i if a c:Ek d i f p G r f ; r&S d w m aocsmNyD a v/ om;eJyY wfoufwhJ tarh&UJ trSm;ukv d nf; jrifrd w,f/ i,fpOfuwnf;u ESv;Hk om;rSm bk&m; wnfcGihfr&cJhwJh uav;i,fwpfa,muf&JU

vm;&med * k H ; [m 'D t wk d i f ; tqk H ; owf w wf wm tarawG;rdygNyD/ jyKjyifay;vkdY&EkdifrSm r[kww f hJ &ifaoG;wpfa,muftwGuf tar[m ay;qyfraI wGeYJ omoemtay:? &wemok;H yg; tay: 0efcsraI wG jyKvyk af eygNy/D txl;ojzihf Ak ' ¨ b mom ,Of a us;vd r ® m oif w ef ; awG r S m jzpfajrmufa&;twGuf tar tpGr;f ukef ulnD aqmif&u G af y;aeygNy/D (7) Ak'b ¨ mom&ifaoG;av;awGukd Ak'&¨ UJ ,Ofaus;rI"r®awGudk uav;i,fawG&UJ &ifxJ rSm ]udef;} ap&ef taraqmif&GufaeygNyD/ om;ukd cspf&muae tjypfjzpfoGm;wJhtar wpfa,muf&UJ rsu&f nfawGukd nifompGmokwf &if; om;tay:rSm vpfvyfcJhwJhwm0efawG twGuf tarwd;Yk vkYd ay;qyfaeygNy/D Ak'b ¨ mom uav;i,fawGtwGuf ,Ofaus;vdrm® oifwef; awG jzpfajrmufatmif aqmif&Gufovkd tJ'D jy|mef;pmawGuv kd nf; uk, d w f idk f avhvmzwf½I aeygw,f/ ajr;av;awGuv kd nf; ckqdk oifay; Ekid f ajymjyEkid Nf yaD v/ om;twG u f wm0ef v pf [ if ; cJ h w J tarjzpfayr,hf ajr;awGtwGuf wm0efauswhJ tzGm;awmh jzpfcGihf&oGm;csifygw,f/ aemuf wd w f w ck d ; arQmf v if h r d w mu wpf a eY u s&if igh o m;av; opö m ES i h f , S O f a om bmom w&m;ü ouf 0 if E k d i f y gapvk d Y tar tBudrfBudrf qkawmif; aerdw,f/ tJ'Dvdk qkawmif;wkid ;f opömw&m;&JU a0;&mukd c&D;jyif; ESifaewJhom;ukdai;Munhf &if; tarhyg;jyifrSm rsuf & nf a wG p k d & T J v k d Y a eyg w,f o m;&,f / awmif;yefygw,f om;&,f../ a&muf&m t&yf u ae opö m w&m;qD u k d jyef v m cJ h y gawmh v m; om;&,f . . jyef v mcJ h y g awmh a emf . .../ (rSwfcsuf- jzpf&yfrSefudk oHa0*,lEkdif&ef a&;zG J U tyf y gonf / ) e'D o QH ( 'óe)

DHAMMA DEW

"r®0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwåjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

w&m;awmf"r®pufudk rnfolrQ rzsufqD; rwm;jrpfEkdif That wheel of Dhamma is not be turned back by Any recluses or whatsoever in the world [Hom0wD- OD;tkef;BudKif

à jrwfpGmbk&m;onf w&m;udktBuD;trSL;jyKvsuf? um,uH 0pDuHrI raemuHrIwdkYü w&m;ESihfavsmfaom apmihfa&SmufrI umuG , f r I v H k N cH K rI u d k pD & if N yD ; vQif ? w&m;ojzih f o m twk r &S d a om "r® p uf u d k v nf a pawmf r l \ / xd k " r® p uf u d k orPjzpf a p? jAm[® j zpf a p? ewf j zpf a p? rm&f e wf j zpf ap? jA[® m jzpf a p? avmuürnf o l w pf p H k w pf a ,muf r Q rzsuf q D ; rwm;jrpf E k d i f [ k rd e f Y a wmf r l \ / The Tatha-gata, the Arahant, thuse keeping constant watch and ward over acts of body, speech and thought, keeps rolling the unsurpassed wheel of Dhamma in accordance with Dhamma. That wheel of righteousness is not to be turned back by any recluses or bra-hmins, by any deva or Ma-ra or Brahma- whatsoever in the world. puú0wdåokwåefa'oem

The Dhamma Sutta

tuREykf o f nf þodMYk um;emcJ&h ygonf/ tcgwpfyg;ü jrwfpmG bk&m;onfom0wd¬jynf temxydPfolaX;\ t&Hjzpfaom aZw0ef ausmi;fü oDwif;oH;k pHaeawmfr\ l / xdt k cg jrwfpmG bk&m;onf &[ef;wdYk udk ]]&[ef;wdkY}} [kac:awmfrl\/ xdk&[ef;wdkYonf ]toQifbk&m;} [k jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; jyefMum;avQmufxm;ukef\/ jrwfpGmbk&m;onf þw&m;udka[mawmfrl\/ &[ef;wdYk w&m;&Sí d w&m;rif;jzpfaom pMu0aw;rif;aomfrS vnf; trSrD if;udrk &cJv h Qif pMu&wemudk rvnfapEkid [ f k rdeaYf wmfr\ l / þodkYrdefYawmfrlaomf &[ef;wpfyg;onf jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; jyefMum; avQmufxm;\/ ]]toQifbk&m;w&m;&Sdí w&m;rif;jzpfaom pMu0aw;rif; trSrD if;[lonf tb,fygenf;}} ]]&[ef; trSrD if;[lonf w&m;wnf;}} ]]&[ef; þavmuü w&m;&Sí d w&m;rif;jzpfaom pMu0aw; rif;onf w&m;udo k mvQif rSv D suf w&m;udk t½dt k aojyKvsu?f w&m;udk tav;tjrwfjyKvsuf w&m;udw k yk 0f yfvsuf w&m;udk atmifvo H zG,f a&SUaqmifjyKvsuf w&m;udw k cH eG o f zG,f ajrm§ ufcsv D su?f w&m;udk tBu;D trSL;jyKvsuf eef;wGif;oleef;wGif;om; (rdzk&m;om;awmforD;awmf) taygif;üw&m;ESiafh vsmaf om apmihaf &Smufru I muG,rf I vHNk cKH ru I kd pD&if \}} ]]&[ef; aemufwpfrsK;d um; w&m;&Sí d w&m;rif;jzpfaom pMu 0aw;rif;onf w&m;udo k mvQit f rSjD yKvsu?f w&m;udk t½dt k aojyKvsuf w&m;udk tav;tjrwfjyKvsuf w&m;udw k yk 0f yfvsuf w&m;udk atmifvH ozG,af &SUaqmifjyKvsuf w&m;udk wHceG o f zG,af jrm§ ufcsv D su?f w&m;udk tBu;D trSL;jyKvsu?f t&Hrif;wdüYk vnf;aumif;? ppfonfAv kd yf gtaygif;ü vnf;aumif;? ykPmÖ ;ESifh trsK;d om;wdüYk vnf;aumif;? ed*;kH Zeyk'o f m;wdüYk vnf;aumif;? orPjAm[®PwdüYk vnf;aumif;? om;iSuw f üYkd vnf;aumif; w&m;tm;avsmaf om apmihaf &Smufru I muG,rf ?I vHNk cKH rw I u Ykd kd pD&ifNy;D vQif w&m;ojziho f m pMum&wemudk vnfap\/ xdpk Mum&wemudk vlom; jzpfaom &efolowå0gwpfpHkwpfa,mufonf rzsufqD;Edkif/ rwm;jrpf Ekid }f } ]]&[ef;wdYk þtwlomvQif ylaZmftxl;udk cHawmfrx l u kd af om

Thus have I heard: On a certain occasion the Exalted One was staying Sa-vatthi, in Jeta Grove, at Ana-thapindika's Park. Then the Exalted One addressed the monks, saying: "Monks" "Yes, lord," replied those monks to the Exalted One. The Exalted One said This: "Monks, a ra-jah who is a world-monarch, a just and righteous ruler, even he is not without a ra-jah." "At these words a certain monk said to the Exalted One: "Who then, Lord, is ruler over a world-monarch, a just and righteous ruler?" "Dhamma monk," replied the Exalted One, and went on to say" "Herein, monk, a ra-jah who is a world- monarch, a just and regheteous ruler, in dependence on Dhamma, honoruing Dhamma, respectful and deferential to Dhamma, with Dhamma as his banner, with Dhamma as his standard, with Dhamma as his overlord, keeps constant watch and ward amongst the folk." Then again, monk, a ra-jah....keeps constant watch and ward amongst the warriors who follow in his host, amongst the bra-hmins and housefathers, dwellers in outlying parts, amongst recluses and bra-hmins, beasts and birds alike. He it is, that ra-jah....who keeps constant watch and ward ...that rolls the wheel of sovereignty according to Dhamma. That wheel of sovereignty is not be upset by any human being whatsoever, by any foe that lives. Just so, monk, the atha-gata, that Arahant who is a Fully Enlightened One, the just and righteous ruler, in dependent on Dhamma, honouring Dhamma, respectful and deferential to Dhamma, with Dhamma as his banner, Dhamma as his standard, with Dhamma as his overlord, keeps constand watch ward over the actions of his body, ever thinking: Such and such action of body must not be followed, must not be followed. ....And the same is to be said of actions of speech and though..... He it is, monk, that Tatha-gata, taht Arahant....thus keeping constand watch and ward over acts of body, speech and thought, keeps rolling the unsurpassed wheel of Dhamma in ac-

DHAMMA DEW "r®0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ tvH;k pHak om w&m;wdu Yk kd ud, k w f idk rf eS pf mG odawmfral om w&m;apmiho f nfh w&m;rif;jzpfawmfral om jrwfpmG bk&m;onf w&m;udo k mvQif rSv D suf w&m;udk t½dt k aojyKvsu?f w&m;udt k av;tjrwfjyKvsu?f w&m;udk wky0f yfvsu?f w&m;udak tmifvo H zG,af &SUaqmifjyKvsu?f w&m;udk wHceG f ozG,af jrm§ ufcsv D suf w&m;udt k Bu;D trSL;jyKvsu?f ]]þodaYk om oabm &Sad om um,uHru I kd rS0d t J yf\/ þodo Yk abm&Sad om um,uHru I kd rrS0D J tyf}} [k um,uHrüI w&m;ESiafh vsmaf om apmihaf &SmufrI umuG,rf I vHNk cKH rIudkpD&if\/ ]]þodkYoabm&Sdaom 0pDuHrIudk rSD0Jtyf\/ þodkYaom oabm&Sad om 0pDurH u I kd rrS0D t J yf}} [k 0pDurH üI w&m;ESifh avsmaf om I kd pD&ifNy;D vQif raemuHrüI w&m;ESifh apmihaf &Smufr?I umuG,rf I vHNk cKH ru avsmaf om apmihaf &SmufrI umuG,rf I vHNk cKH ru I kd pD&ifNy;D í w&m;ojzihf om twkr&Sad om "r®pufukd vnfapawmfr\ l / xd"k r®pufukd orPjzpf ap? jAm[®Pjzpfap? ewfjzpfap? rm&fewfjzpfap? jAm[®jzpfap? avmuü rnfolwpfpHkwpfa,mufrQ rzsufqD; rwm;jrpfEkdif}} [k jrwfpGmbk&m; a[mMum;awmfro l nf/ pmrsufESm 4 rS aysmufomG ;NyaD yhg/ ajrjyiftwkid ;f jzpfomG ;Ny/D &efukefNrdKU wnf&mudkyJMunhfOD;? wcsdefwkef;u a&vTrf;aewJh yifv,fatmufu ae&mwpfcyk /J a[m wajz;ajz;ajrjyifjzpfvmw,f/ yJc;l &mZ0ifMunhrf ,fq&kd if [Hom0wD uke;f ajrav;u [oFmwpfaumif om em;avmufwhJ uke;f uav;ay:w,fqw kd myJ/ tckusawmh yJc;l em;rSm yifv,fqw kd m r&Sb d ;l / yJc;l jrpfuav;yJ &Sad wmhw,f/ uke;f ajru rsm;vm w,f/ ajrBu;D awG jrihw f ufvmw,fvYkd 'Dvakd jymwm/ tJ'v D kd bk&m;wpfqel YJ wpfqMl um;[m tJ'aD vmuf uGmjcm; Ny;D awmhrS bk&m;wpfqw l pfqyl iG w fh m/ 'DurÇmrSm ig;qlyiG rfh mS ? tck yxr qH;k uukoE¨jrwfpmG bk&m;yGiNfh y;D Ny/D yGiNhf y;D wJt h cgrSm vlawG&UJ oufwrf; qkwfw,f/ qkwfNyD;wJhtcgrSm aumPm*rPjrwfpGmbk&m;yGihfw,f/ oufwrf;[m qkwfoGm;OD;r,f/ qkwfNyD;&ifjyefwufr,f/ jyefwufNyD;

cordance with Dhamma. That wheel (of righteousness) is not to be turned back by any recluses or bra-hmins, by any deva or Ma-ra or Bra-hma whatsoever in the world. (Complete translation of the Tipitaka, Anguttara Nikaya, The book of the Gradual Saying, book Therees, Text one, Chapter II, The wheelwright, Dhamma.) Hanthawaddy-U Ohn Kyaing.

(q|oH*g,emwif ygVdyd#uwfawmf? t*Fkwå&edum,f0if okweå yf #d uwft*Fw k Kdå &yf gVdawmf? wduedygwf? &xum&0*f? puú0wåo d w k f udkazmfjyygonf/) [Hom0wD-OD;tkef;BudKif

qkwrf ,f/ vlawG&UJ oufwrf; ESpaf omif;wrf;a&mufwt hJ cgrSm uóy jrwfpGmbk&m;yGihfw,f/ uóybk&m;yGihfNyD;wJhtcgrSmvnf; 'DvkdyJ oufwrf;qkwfvmw,f/ uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;yGihfNyD;awmh uóy jrwfpGmbk&m; y&dedAÁmefpHoGm;w,f/ uóyjrwfpGmbk&m;u ESpfaygif; ESpaf omif;wrf;? uukoE¨jrwfpmG bk&m;wd?Yk aumPm*rPjrwfpmG bk&m; wdkYu av;aomif;wrf;? oHk;aomif;wrf;/ tJ'Dawmh av;aomif;? oH;k aomif;? ESpaf omif;qdw k m awmfawmfoufwrf;&Snw f ,fvYkd 'Dvakd jym& r,f/ uóyjrwfpmG bk&m;&Sif y&deAd mÁ efpw H t hJ cgusawmh oufwrf; &Snw f b hJ &k m;awG y&deAd mÁ efpv H Ykd awaZm"mwf cç wJt h cgrSm "mwfawmf[m wpfcw k nf;yJ <uif;w,f/ t½d;k "mwfawG? tom;"mwfawG[m tukev f ;kH pkNyD;awmh "mwfawmftvHk;BuD; wpfqlwnf;yJjzpfw,f/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

pmrsufESm 7 rS ta&;ygt&ma&mufq;kH qdw k mudk oabmayguf od j rif E d k i f y g vd r f h r ,f / 'D t rS e f w &m;[m pdwfaepdwfxm;eJY"avhp½dkuf&JU tkwfjrpfjzpf ovd k atmif j rif r I & J U tk w f j rpf q d k & if v nf ; rrSm;ygbl;/ wpfckcRif;csufxm;NyD;ajym&&ifawmh &mZ0wfaumifawGeYJ t½l;awGuawmh olw&Ykd UJ vkt d ifqE´awGukd tirf;r&? aoG;½l;aoG;wef;? taumiftxnfazmfNyD; t&,lavh&Sdwmayhg/ uReaf wmfwt Ykd aeeJv Y nf; om;orD;awG&UJ vdt k if qE´awG ajzmihfrwfrSefuefatmif? pepfwus avhusiyfh sKd ;axmifray;Ekid o f rQawmh b,fynm a&;pepfurQ xdkufwefwJhtusdK;aus;Zl;awG ay;pGr;f Edik rf mS r[kwb f ;l qdw k m odxm;&rSmyg/ w&m;Oya'abmifxu J vdt k ifqE´ awGuo kd m tjrwfwEd;k wefz;kd xm;oihaf Mumif;? vlu Y si0fh wf? tusipfh m&dweå YJ ravsmn f w D hJ vdt k if

qE´rsm;udk xde;f csKyo f ifah Mumif;? a&SmifMuOfoifh aMumif;awGukd uav;rsm;tm; ynmay;xm;Mu zdkY ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ 'Dtcsufudk rdbrsm;eJY? q&m? q&mrawGu wm0ef,loifMum;ydkYcs ray;Edkifbl;qdk&ifawmh tem*wfwkdif;jynfudk OD;aqmifMur,fh armifwdkY r,fwdkYwpfawG&JU uHMur®mvdkYyJ rSwf,lum rsufpdrSdwfxm;½HkyJ &Sdawmhwmayhg/ 0ef c H c suf 1/ [m;bwfuwfqif\ ]vlqw kd v hJ }l pmtkyrf S ]wyfrufjcif;ESihf vlYobm0} aqmif;yg;udk aumufEIwfazmfjyygonf/ 2/ bmomjyefo-l OD;nDnED ikd f &S i f Ó P (zsmyH k )

&mpkopf\ pdefac:rIrsKd;pkHukd Nidrf;csrf;aompdwf &J&ifhwnfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0ukd&ifqkdifvsuf atmifjrifpGm jzwfoef;Ekid Mf uzkYd "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/

DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES

"r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mysufjym;rI t0de,udk a&SmifEkdif&efjzpfonf/

vlwkdif;awmihfw ½kyfqif;½ly ,cif t ywf r S t quf jynf o nf jzLazsmh a om zuf & G u f avsmt f qif;&So d nf/ aoaomolü xrif;csK;d cJ ykwfcJtqif;&Sdonf/ rdrdwnf&mESihf oP²mef wlonf/ jynf\wnf&mrnfonf tNrJr&Sd? xdckduf&Sem&m trmayguf&mwdkYü aygif;pkrd aom aoG;onf usufí jynfjzpfum wnf onf/ jynf\xuf0ef;usifjzihf ykdif;jcm;tyf onf/ t|uxm #DumwdkYtvkd&rl (1) teD;owjynf- xdcu dk &f eS m&m trmayguf &mwdkYü jzpfaomjynf/ (2) A'¨jynf- tdwEf iS fh tNrw J nfaom tmo, (4)yg; üyg0ifaomjynf/ A'¨jynfonf jzLaomaMumihf wHawG; tqif;? EGm;wdcYk sO&f nftqif;&So d nf/ þjynf tdwfonf onf;ajctdwfuJhodkY jzpfonf/ oP²meftm;jzihf onf;ajcuJhodkYyif jzpfonf/ &ifacgif;twGi;f vuf0b J uf tpm opftrd \ f txuf ausmbufüwnfonf/ þ jynftdwf\`yGefwHonf tpmopftdrf vusfm buftayguf0rSm wG,u f yfvsu&f o dS nf/ A'¨jynf\t&nfonf A'¨onf;ajc &nf tpmopfü a&mouJo h Ykd tpmopftrd o f Ykd 0ifNy;D vQif tpmopfEiS fh a&monf/ iefaomt&om&So d nf/ A'¨jynftw d f onf El;nHhaysmhajymif;onf/ tvsm;tm;jzihf vlwdkY\tvkH;t&yf? tBuD;ti,fwdkYukdvkdufí wpfru dk rf o S nf wpfru dk Ef pS o f pf? 6 ykH 4 ykw H ikd f &Sdonf/ tcsif;onf rsm;aomtm;jzihf (2) opfcef&Y o dS nf/ jynfyg tcsed (f 6)usy?f (3)rl;cefY &Sdonf/ þjynfonf rjywfxu G í f tpmopf tdrf vusmf buftxGuüf vlw\ Ykd "gwfoabm ukv d u dk í f wpfaeYwpfntwGi;f ü (8 usy?f 7 rl;? 1 yJ) rSonf (14) usyx f d aeYpOf0ifonf/ okókwaq;usrf;ürl jynfonf ESvkH;\atmuf vusfm bufü tonf;ESihf þjynftdwfwnfaeonf [k qkyd gonf/ 'AÁ*kPyumousrf;ürl csuf\txufü jynftdwf&Sdonf/ ¤if;atmufü avwnfonf/ ¤if;atmufwiG f usiBf u;D tdrw f nfonf[k qdyk gonf/

wuú o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r® m p&d , ?bD - at)

þA'¨jynfrSxGufaom jynft&nf enf;vQif vlwo Ykd nf a&iwfonf[k qkyd gonf/ &o"gwf pm;aomuftyfaom t&nftzwf wdo Yk nf tqD? tap;jzpfaom ig;ykw H pfyo Hk nf &o"gwfrnfygonf/ &o"gwf o nf jzLaomtqif ; &S d onf/ tpmwGif tom;rsm;vQif qefaq;&nf ESiw fh o l nf/ xrif;? rkerYf sm;vQif xrif;&nfEiS fh wlonf/ rdrdwnf&mo@mef&Sdonf/ csuf\ txuf a tmuf t &yf ( 2)yg;üjzpf o nf / tl twG i f ; ü wnf o nf / wnf & mjzpf a om tl twGif;ywfvnfjzihf ykdif;jcm;tyfonf/ aoG; jzpfapaom "gwfjzpfonf/ aoG ; aoG;onf (2)rsK;d &So d nf/ (1) oEépd w d aoG; aygif;pkíwnfaomaoG;/ usuaf om txkxal om csyd &f nftqif;&So d nf/ wpfurG ;f pm;cefrY Q&o dS nf/ ESv;Hk tn§KUd wd\ Yk txufüwnf í ESvkH; tn§KdUwdkY\tay:ukd tpufpufus apvsuf ESvkH; tn§KdUwdkYukd pkdpGwfapí tonf; \ atmuftzkdYukdusaom aoG;aygufwdkYjzihf jynhaf p&um; ESv;Hk ? tn§KUd wd\ Yk txufü wnf onf/ ,if;aoG;onf ESvkH;? tn§KdUwdkYukd rpkpd w G o f nf&adS omf owå0gwdYk a&rGwo f yd o f nf/

(2) oHo&PaoG; aoG;aMumukd avQmufí ajy;oGm; vsuw f nfonf/ Munfvifaom csyd &f nftqif; &Sdonf/ wnf&mESihfwlaom o@mef&Sdonf/ tA'¨ o nf ; ajcuJ h o d k Y aoG ; aMumuG e f & uf u k d tpOfavQmufojzihf uHaMumihjf zpfaom tvk;H pkH aom þuk, d üf EHUS í wnfonf/ ajconf;? vufonf;? qHyif? tarG;? oGm;wdkYrSwpfyg; ukd,ftvkH; ysHUESHYajy;oGm;ae onf/ cE¨ m aA'tvd k t &rl aoG;onf wpfukd,fvkH;ü tysHUtESHY zk;H tkyx f m;aom &oaMumü wnfonf[k qkd ygonf/ um,yom'½kyfonf &oaMumukd rSí D wpfu, dk v f ;Hk ysUH ESo YH nf/ rsufpd paom tMunf½kyfwdkYonf vnf; þ&oaMumESifh qufpyfMuonf/ xkaYd Mumihf tvGeif ,faom rjrifEidk f atmifxufaom tyfzsm;jzihf cE¨muk, d u f x dk ;dk vQif tenf;qk;H tm;jzihf aoG;aMumwpfacsmif; ESihf &oaMumwpfacsmif;ukd xkd;rdvdrfhrnf/ xk d t aMum(2)ck u k d vG w f a tmif r xk d ; Ek d i f [ k qkyd gonf/ ESv;Hk onf tvk;H pkaH omaoG;aMumwdYk \ aygif;qk&H mjzpfí þESv;Hk rSxu G af om aoG; aMumwdo Yk nfvnf; uGe&f ufuo hJ Ykd wpfu, dk v f ;Hk ukd tESt YH pyf zk;H tkyNf y;D vQif ESv;Hk ESit fh aMumwkdY \ twGif;ü tcsdef(6)ydómausmfceYfavmuf aom aoG;wdkYonf rjywfvIyf&Sm;oGm;vmae Muonf/ aoG;ukx d w k , f í l aeylrmS xm;cJv h Qif tcJEiS fh Muufwuf&nfuso J nf/ tcJudk ,lMunhv f Qif trQit f rQijf zpf aom 0w¦KEiS fh tvk;H i,fuav;rsm; awGU&rnf/ a&ESifh ememaq;vQif tvkH;i,f uav;rsm;ukeí f jzLjzLtrQipf o k m useo f nf/ eDaomtqif;vnf; aysmufonf/ Muufwuf&nfonf 0gaomtqif; &Sdonf/ (þMuufwuf&nfudkyif tA'¨onf; ajc[k qkyd gonf/) þMuufwuf&nfwGif uefYtenf; i,fESihf oH? MuufO paom OwdkYwGif&Sdaom

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ jzLaom tum&nfEiS w fh al om t&nfrsK;d ? yuwd a&? rD;aoG;"gwfwYkd &So d nf/ t&G,fa&mufNyD;aomolwpfa,muf &Sd aoG;wdkY\Muufwuf&nfudk,lí csufvQif oHcsed f (5)usyo f m;? (7)rl;? (1)yJ&onf/ xkaYd Mumihf aoG;yGm;rsm;atmif? tm;&Sd atmif oH"gwfygaomaq;wdu Yk dk vlwYkd pm;ok;H Muonf/MuufOtum&nfuJhodkYaom tum &nfonf okufjzpf&efESihf jzLjzLtrQifpkonf tom;jzpf&ef[k qkdonf/ rdef;rwdkY\aoG; rde;f rwkw Yd iG f c½koif;\ 0rf;bufcsuf ESihfwlaom t*FgZmwfü tayguf(2)ayguf&Sd onf/ yom0r*faygufonf txuf? a,med r*faygufonf atmufwiG &f o dS nf/ csuf a tmuf t*F g Zmwf t xuf tMum; 0rf;wGi;f ü&Sad om qD;tdr\ f qD;xGuf &m`yeG w f o H nf yom0r*fEiS fh uyfvsu&f o dS nf/ þqD;tdrf\aemufbuf usifBuD; td r f \ a&S U tMum; om;td r f \ `yG e f w H o nf a,medr*fEiS fh uyfvsu&f o dS nf/ t*FgZmwf\t&pf(3)ckteuf twGi;f &pf\tqk;H ü cHwiG ;f ESiw fh uGaom ig;Muif;acgif; ESiw fh al om om;tdro f nf wnfygonf/ þom;tdrftwGif;ü aoG;aMumwdkYrS txufu0ifaom aoG;onf wpfvjynhaf om tcg rdef;rwdkY\ "gwfoabmudkvkdufí (3) &ufrSonf (5)&ufwdkifatmif ,dkpD;xGuf& onf/ y#doaE¨&Sdaomtcg þaoG;onf tenf;qk;H (7)vwkid af tmif om;tdrt f wGi;f ü aygif;pkvsufwnfonf/ om;zG m ;aomtcg þaoG ; onf tukex f u G o f nf/ (rde;f rwd\ Yk om;tdrüf uk, d 0f ef r&S d o nh f t cg wpf v ? uk d , f 0 ef & S d o nh f t cg tenf;qk;H 7 vwkid af tmif aygif;pkíwnfaom aoG;udk oEédpdw pkaygif;aoG;[lí ac:oihf ygonf/) owå 0 gwd k Y \ tl t wG i f ; ü&S d a om t&nf? usiBf u;D wdrYk w S pfyg; cE¨muk, d t f wGi;f &Sd t&nf ? tzwf ? tom;? taMum? ovd y f paom 0w¦K[o l rQwo Ykd nf aoG;ujzpfonf[k rSw, f &l ygrnf/ þaoG;onf Owk? tm[m& wpfpHk wpfcw k aYkd Mumifh yuwda&uJo h jYkd zpfaom a&m*g wpfrsK;d ? opfap;uJo h Ydk eufaomtqif;&Sad om a&m*gwpfrsK;d wkYd jzpfwwfonf[k qkyd gonf/ qm;iefaom ig;ajcmuf? ig;yd ponf wdu Yk dk rsm;pGmpm;vQif uk, d üf &Sad om aoG;onf

yuwd a &uJ h o d k Y j zpf í vl a owwf o nf [ k qkyd gonf/ acR; arG;wGi;f ayguf ponfwrYkd S xGuaf om tmayg"gwf (a&"gwf)ukd acR;[k ac:ygonf/ Munfvifaom ESr;f qDtqif;&So d nf/ acR;\wnf&m tNrJr&Sdyg/ tMuif d o f nf? tcg rD;? ae paomtylwaYkd Mumifh tku ylonf/ xkt d cg a&rSEw I cf gpjzpfaom MumpG,f pnf;ukd csKd;ouJhokdY tvkH;pkHaom tarG;wGif; aygufwrYkd S ,kx d u G \ f / acR;\o@mefuv dk nf; qH? tarG;wdYk \wGif;aygufü jynhfvsufwnfaom acR;&Sd aomtjzpfjzihf odtyfygonf/ aq;usr;f rsm;url tqDcrJ S acR;jzpf onf[k qkyd gonf/ cE¨ m aA'aq;usrf ; ürl u m; tacgufxal om ta&xlBu;D atmuf acR;wdkYwnf&m `yGefi,ftacGwdkYonf wnf onf/ ,if;`yGefacGwpfckvkH;\ tcsif;onf wpfopfudk (192) pdw?f pdwí f (3)pdwf &So d nf [k qkyd gonf/ acR;xGu&f ef ta&ü&Sad om tayguf i,fwo Ykd nf vufz0g;? ajcz0g; paom tcsKUd aomt&yfwdkYü pwk&ef;wpfopfESihf okH;ykHESpfykH twGi;f (2800) &So d nf/ ausmukef;? ezl;jyif? vnf paom t&yfwüdYk (2800) atmif enf;onf/ &if? 0rf;? vufuwD; paomt&yfwYkd ü (1100) cef&Y o dS nf/ tcsKUd aomt&yfwüYkd (1100)atmuf enf;onf/ vl paom owå0gwdu Yk , dk üf &Sad om a[mif;EGrf;avNyD;aom aoG;onf þacR;`yGef twGif;okdY0ifí þacR;`yGefrS ta&wGif&Sdaom taygufi,fwo Ykd Ykd a&mufí jyifyodx Yk u G u f ek f \/tvk y f w pf c k c k u k d vk y f j cif ; paom tyiftyef;cHaomtcgüvnf;aumif;? aeyl? rD; paom tylwaYkd Mumifv h nf;aumif;? wpfpw Hk pfck aom twGi;f tya&m*gwdaYk Mumihv f nf;aumif; acR;onf jyifyodYk xGu&f onf/ þacR;jyifyrxGuv f Qif 'lvmem [k ac:aom avysuaf omtemjzpfwwfygonf/ tjyifox Ykd u G &f vQif uk, d v f ;Hk ü&Sad om tylwo Ykd nf acR;ESiyfh goGm;aomaMumihf tylNird ;f í vlonf use;f rmonf[k qkyd gonf/ tqD c J ckdifrmaomtqDpkonf tqDcJjzpf onf/ aq;usr;f rsm;u tqDco J nf tom;rS

jzpfonf[k qkdygonf/ jzwfawmuftyfaom eEGi;f wuftom; tqif;uJo h Ykd 0gonf/ 0aom ol\uk, d üf ta&xlEiS fh tom;tMum;ü eEGi;f qk;kd qD avQmt f 0wfMurf;o@mef&o dS nf/ 0aomol\uk, d t f vk;H ü ysUH ESw YH nfonf/ ydeaf omol\ uk, d üf um; jrif;acgif; om;? aygifom;? arsmajrm§ ifom;? 0rf;ysO;f om; wdu Yk rkd í DS ESpx f yfo;Hk xyfacgufxm;aom eEGi;f qk d ; qD a vQmf y k q k d ; Murf ; o@mef & S d o nf / ydefaomol\ukd,fü jrif;acgif; ponfwdkYü wnfonf/ atmufütom;? txufüta&xl? ywfvnfü tqDcJ\tqkH;jzihf ykdif;jcm;tyf onf/ tqDyifjzpfaomfvnf; qufqkyfzG,f &Sdonf/ aq;usrf ; wd k Y ü um; tqD c J o nf tom;rSjzpfonf[k qkdygonf/ tqDcJonf tpkdiftcJjzpfaomfvnf; tom;t½kd;wdkYuJhodkY rckid rf maomaMumihf tmayg(a&)"gwfü oGi;f ,l xm;onf/ rsuf & nf rsu&f nfonf rsupf w d rYkd S ,kpd ;D aom tmayg"gwfjzpfonf/ Munfvifaom ESrf;qD tqif ; &S d o nf / rsuf v k H ; twG i f ; o@mef & S d rsuf v k H ; üwnf o nf / A'¨ A ¨ o nf ; ajcuJ h o d k Y rsu&f nfonf rsuv f ;Hk twGi;f ü tNrrJ wnfyg/ tMuif tcgü jyif;pGm&,fuek \ f / idak <u;uke\ f / tpyf tyl paom tm[m&ukd pm;ukef\/ tem a&m*g ESdyfpufukef\/ azmufjyefaom OwkEiS fh awGUuke\ f / xkt d cg rsuv f ;Hk ü rsu&f nf jynhNf y;D ,kpd ;D onf/ cE¨ m aA'usrf ; ürl u m; rsuaf xmif\ h twGi;f buf? tajr;§ \ atmufü onf;ajctdwu f o hJ Ydk rsu&f nfwnf&m tajr;§ tdwif ,frsm;pGm&So d nf/ xkt d w d rf S `yeG w f H wdkYonf rsufaxmihf\tajr§;odkY tpjyKvsuf wnfonf/ xkdrsuf&nftdwfrS rsuf&nfonf tenf;i,f tpOf,x dk u G u f sojzihf rsuaf wmif cyfwikd ;f rsuv f ;Hk ukd pkpd w G af q;aMum Munfvif aponf/ rsufvkH;udk aq;avsmfíusefaom rsu&f nfonf rsuaf xmihrf S `yeG if ,fwpfct k m; jzihf ESmacgif;xJodkY0ifonf/ xkd`yGefi,fonf wpfcgwpf&H ydww f wfonf/ xk`d yeG if ,fyw d v f Qif rsu&f nfonf yg;ay:odq Yk if;onf/ ESvkH;rom,mjcif;? tvGef&,fjcif;? jrLrIeftckd;0ifjcif; paom wpfpkHwpfckaom taMumif;aMumihf rsu&f nfrsm;xGuv f Qiv f nf; `yeG v f Qí H yg;ay:okYd pD;qif;onf[k qkv d ydk gonf/ quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf wuú o d k v f o Qif o D & d ( "r® m p&d , ?bD - at)

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r®0D&onf pdwfzdpD;rI uif;a0;aponf/

tajymqd;k ol raemjzLygoavm¿ vlEiS w hf &d pämef rwlujJG ym;aom tcsuf wpf c k & S d y gonf / ¤if ; rS m wd & pä m ef r sm;rS m wpfaumifESihfwpfaumif ajymqdkqufqHp&m bmom&yfpum;&,f[k owfowfrSwfrSwfr&Sd bJ vlrsm;u wpfO;D ESiw fh pfO;D ajymqdq k ufqpH &m bmomw&m; owfowfrSwfrSwf&Sdjcif;jzpfyg onf/ xdkodkY bmompum;&Sdjcif;aMumihfvnf; vlYe,fy,fwGif ,Ofaus;rIqdkonfha0g[m& ay:aygufvm&jcif;jzpfygvdrrfh nf/ ,aeYacwf &efvakd eMuonhf Edik if EH pS Ef ikd if H (odrYk [kw)f tzGUJ tpnf;ESpcf w k Ykd vufeufuikd pf JG wdu k cf u dk Mf ujcif; udk ausmcdik ;f vku d Mf uNy;D pm;yG0J ikd ;f wGif rsuEf mS k Ed§ idI ;f tajz&SmEdik af vmuf csi;f qdik í f ajymqdn atmif ,Ofaus;vmMuonfrmS bmompum;\ aus;Zl;yifjzpfygonf/ bmompum;onf uH (3) yg;wGif 0pDuüH wpfpw d w f pfyikd ;f tusKH ;0ifygonf/ 0pD uHEiS yfh wfoufí ]]cspaf pvdv k nf; 'Dpum;? rke;f apvdv k nf; 'Dpum;}} [k ajymavh&MdS uygonf/ wpfzufom;em;0ifatmif ajymwwfMuzdv Yk nf; ta&;BuD;vSygonf/ þae&mwGif pum;ESihf ywfoufí jrwfA'k v ¨ u dk ef mcJo h nhf usipfh Ofwpfck udk tvsO;f oihí f wifjyvkyd gonf/ q&mawmf BuD ; wpf y g;u tvG , f w ul r S w f o m;Ed k i f & ef vuFmav;eJY pDpOfxm;onfudk avhvmMunhf Muyg/ 1/ rrS e fp um; usd K ;rrsm;? trsm;emvdk^ remvdk 2/ [kwrf eS af omfjim; usKd ;rrsm;? trsm;emvd^k remvdk/ 3/ [kwrf eS pf um; tusdK;rsm;? trsm;emvd^ k remvdk/ t"dymÜ ,frmS ajymqdo k nhpf um;onf rSeu f efrv I nf;r&S?d tusKd ;&Sad ompum;rsm;vnf; r[kw?f odaYk omf trsm;wumu Mum;emvkpd w d f &Sdonfjzpfap? Mum;emvdkpdwfr&Sdonfjzpfap xdpk um;rsKd ;udk Ak'u ¨ rajymyg/ wzef ajymqdrk nhf pum;onf rSeu f efr&I adS omfvnf; tusKd ;&Sad om pum;r[kwv f Qif trsm;wumu Mum;emvdpk w d f &Sdonfjzpfap? Mum;emvkdpdwf r&Sdonfjzpfap xdpk um;rsKd ;u Ak'u ¨ rajymyg/ ajymqdo k nhpf um;onf rSeu f efrv I nf; &So d nf? tusKd ;vnf;&So d nfqv kd Qif trsm;wum u Mum;emvdpk w d &f o dS nfjzpfap? Mum;emvkdpdwf r&So d nfjzpfap Ak'u ¨ xdpk um;rsKd ;udo k m ajym

&ifEG,fudk(vif;) onf/

qdak vh&ydS gonf/ ]]pum;ajcmufceG ;f vleY ,fxeG ;f }} [k qd½k ;kd wGif ykxZk OfreS o f rQ xdpk um;ajcmufrsKd ; pvHk;udk ajymqdkavh&Sdaomfvnf; jrwfAk'¨url trSwpf Of (3) yg pum;ESprf sKd ;udo k m ajymqdak vh &Syd gonf/ vlwpfa,mufukd tajymqd;k onf[k owfrSwfMu&mwGif xdkolajymaompum;rsm; onf trSwpf Of (1) ESifh (2) yg pum;rsm;jzpf onfu rsm;ygonf/ trSwpf Of (3) yg pum; rsm;udk ajymvQiv f nf; av,lavodr;f Murf;wrf; ygu b,favmufyifaumif;aom? rSefaom pum;rsm;jzpf y gap? wzuf o m; em;rcH o m awmhyg/ xdt k cg xdo k u l kd tajymMurf;ol? av aygufq;kd ol[k owfrw S Mf uygawmhonf/ xdo k Ykd tajymtqdk Murf;wrf;olrsm; onf rsm;aomtm;jzihf pdwfaumif;&Sdolrsm; jzpfavh&o dS nf[k qdMk uygonf/ ]]b,fou l awmh jzihf tajymqdk;ayr,hf pdwfuawmhaumif;yg w,f}} [laom pum;rsKd ; Mum;zl;Muygvdrrfh nf/ xdkolESihfqufqHrdcgpwGif ol\avaygufudk rcHEdkifí olYudkcyfa&Smifa&SmifaejzpfMuaomf vnf; aemufyikd ;f olpY w d &f if;udk owdjyKrv d mMu NyD ; ol u awmh pd w f a umif ; &S d & S m ygw,f [ k rSwcf sucf sorH sKd ;vnf; Mum;zl;Muygvdrrfh nf/ ,ckwifjyvdkonfrSm txufygudpö f u,f yifjzpfygonf/ tajymqd;k olrsm;rSm trSew raemjzLMuygovm;qdkonhf tcsufyifjzpfyg

wu,fawmh tajymqd;k olrsm;onf pdwfxm;aumif;olrsm;r[kwfMuyg/ vlwkdif; uHo;kH yg;ud, k pf &D MdS uygonf/ um,uH? 0pDu?H raemuHwyYkd ifjzpfMuygonf/ ¤if;uH (3) yg;wGif 0pDuEH iS fh um,uHrmS ]]tusKd ;}} uHrsm;jzpfMuí raemuHonf ]]taMumif;}} uHrsm;jzpfMuygonf/ um,uHESihf0pDuHtjzpfodkY ajymif;vJa&muf&Sd vmaom udpt ö m;vH;k wdo Yk nf raemuHrv S mjcif; jzpfygonf/ odaYk omf raemuHrS ay:aygufvm aom t&mtm;vH;k uawmh um,uHEiS 0fh pDuo H Ykd ajymif;vJvmjcif;r&SdMuyg/ tajymqd;k ol[k owfrw S cf MH u&aom yk*¾dKvfrsm;\ 0pDuHonf olwdkY\raemuHrS aygufzmG ;vmjcif;jzpfygonf/ raemuH\ vIUH aqmf rItwdik ;f 0pDuo H mjzpfay:vm&jcif;udk b,fol rS jiif;ír&Ekid yf g/ raemuHrmS aemufusad eíom 0pDuHqdk;qdk;rsm; EIwfrSay:xGufvmjcif;jzpfyg onf/ raemuHrmS Munfvifaeygu EIwrf v S nf; csKd omajyjypfaom pum;rsm; ay:xGuv f mrnf rSm aocsmvSygonf/ odjYk zpfygí tajymqd;k olrsm;rSm owd jyK&rnht f csurf mS oluawmh tajymqd;k ayr,hf pdwfaumif;awmh&Sdygw,f[k trsm;wum\ a,bk , saumuf c suf c sajymqd k j cif ; rsm;ud k om,mauseyfraeMubJ rdr\ d raemudk jzLpif Munfvifatmif xm0&BuKd ;pm;Mu&if; ajyjypf csKd omaompum;rsm; rdrw d EYkd w I zf sm;rS acREikd Mf u ygap[k qE´jyKvu dk &f ygawmhonf/ &ifEG,fudk (vif;) Does an abusive one have a clear mind? There is a fact with which man differs from animal. That is the animals have no language to communicate each other but man does. Due to having language to communicate one another the term 'culture' might have existed in the world of men. It is the gratitude of language that the two aggressive nations or associations are enough to find solutions by means of discussion and coordination face to face at the meeting table and leave the armed fight behind. In fact, language is partly associated with words out of the three entities.

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfap&onf/ In association with words, it is often said 'such speech to be love, such speech to be hate.' It is also essential to make a pleasant speech to others' ears. Here, I would like to put up a pratice of Buddha, which he observed owing to being opportune. (Please study the following a venerable monk made it into a verse in order to be noted easily.) 1. Untrue and disadvantaged speech whether the others wish to listen to or not. 2. True but disadvantaged speech whether to others wish to listen to or not. 3. True and advantaged speech whether to others wish to listen to or not. They mean Buddha a never made a speech that is not true and advantaged but whether the others would like to listen to it or not. Moreover, He never made a speech that is true but disadvantaged, then the others would like to listen to it or not. When the speech is true and advantaged, He did say such ones whether the others would like to listen to it or not. In a saying. 'In human society there ap-

pear six kinds of speech,' all the ordinary human beings make all kinds of them. However, Buddha said only the two from number three. When a person is regarded as one who is abusive in speech, most of the words he says are from number one and two. If he makes the speech from number three, his speech will not be pleasant to other's ears due to his rough intonation. Therefore, he is regarded as one who is abusive in speech. Such a person is said to be goodhearted commonly, You might have heard what many people say 'inspite of being abusive in speech, he/ she is goodhearted. 'You might also have heard thought when someone first meets such person, he rather avoids him/ her as he did not bear his/ her rough speech, later he becomes realized about his/ her original attitude and remarks that he/ she is goodhearted. The above is the main fact that I would like to say now. Does the one who is abusive in speech really have a clear mind? In reality, the ones who are abu-

sive in speech do not have a clear mind. What are the reasons? Everyone has the three entities namely dees, words and thoughts. Out of them, deeds and words are the 'effect' entities and thoughts is the 'cause' entity. All matters transformed into deeds and words are derived from thoughts. However, not all matters in the thoughts transform into deeds and words. The words of the ones who are regarded as rough- speech guys originated from their thoughts. No one can deny the their words appear according to the estimulation of their thoughts. Coming out the evil words from their mouths is due to their troubled mind. If their thoughts are clear it is sure the pleasant speech will come out from their mouths. Therefore, the very fact that the abusive ones must take care of that they should not be satified with the other's remarks of them having good heart and saying evil words and I would like to wish they sould make the pleasant speech from their pretty lips trying to clean their thoughts forever. Yin Nwe Ko (Linn)

vd I i f M u nf j z L"r® 0 D & pmaywd k u f E S i h f 'D * spf w ,f p mM u nh f w d k u f r S j z ef Y c sd x k w f a 0vd k u f N y D 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ 5/ 6/ 7/ 8/ 9/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ 15/

"r®0D&\ "r®oHpOfrsm; jzwfoef;csdef ed'gef;ESihf yxrydkif; urÇmhvlom;rsm; udk;uG,f&m bmomBuD;rsm;ESihf 0g't,ltqrsm; q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ pmayaumufEkwfcsufpmpkrsm; q&mBuD;OD;a&Tatmif\ aumufEkwfcsufpmpk oEÅo d ck odYk avSum;ckepfo, G f Ak'¨,Ofaus;rI &wem olawmfaumif;wdYk tvSLay;enf; a*gyuESihf Ak'¨b@mawmf edAÁmefwufvrf; jyifytdyfrufwpfck orda'¨g',q&mBuD;a':rmvm&D Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkY\ r[maus;Zl;&Sif t&SiftmeE´m yg&rDjynhfNyD ,aomf"&m a&mifpOfrwlaomfvnf; vrf;rSefjrifEkdifonf "r®tvif;wef; pmpkrsm;

Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf wuúodkvfoQifoD&d Nidrf;csrf;OD; 'kwd,tBudrf

wuúodkvfoQifoD&d

Nidrf;csrf;OD; "r®y'Nidrf;csrf;OD;ESihf pdk;jrifhvwf wuúodkvfoQifoD&d t&SifoDvmpm&-zm;uefY t&SifoDvmpm&-zm;uefY wuúodkvfoQifoD&d ref;wuúodkvfatmifjrihf0if; rdk;[def;-om;*sme,fausmf t&SifeE´rmvmbd0Ho jrifhodef;-armfuRef; &SifÓP-zsmyHk

t&Sifpdwå'Dy? EG,f,if;rm? a&TxD;

DHAMMA TALKS

"r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/

o'¨gxufoef &moufyef aZmf n Kd a t;(ausmif ; uk e f ; )

trsm;tm;jzihf ayhgayhgyg;yg; jyKvyk f jzpfaeMuaomaMumihf ]]tvSLqkw d m bmcuf wmvku d v f ?Ykd uk, d rfh mS &Sad ewJyh pön;f ukd olrsm; qDay;vku d &f if NyD;wmyJ}} [k wpfcsKdUwpfcsKdU aomyk*K¾ v d w f u Ydk ajymMuonf/ a,bk,stm; jzihf rSefaomfvnf; aoaocsmcsmawG;vQif r[kwaf o;[k xifonf/ ukd,fhypönf;ukd olrsm;xHay;wkdif; tvSLrjzpfEidk /f "m;jywkdufí? Ncdrf;ajcmufí? vk,ufí? vdrn f mí? aMumuf&UHG í? rvGeq f ef Ekid í f paom taMumif;wdaYk Mumihf rdryd pön;f ukd ay;vkduf&aomf 'gerajrmuf? tvSLr[kwf/ ykyÁapwem? rkÍöapwem? ty& apwem [lonhf apwemokH;rsKd;jzihf MunfMunfjzLjzL ay;vSLygrS tvSL[k qk&d avonf/ ]]vSLcsifw,f? vSLcsifw,f? vSLcsif w,f}} [lí vSLvdak omapwemay:vmaomf vnf; vSLzG,yf pön;f u &Sad vOD;rS/ vSLcsio f nhf apwemvnf;&Sd? vSLzG,fypönf;vnf; &Sdonhf wkdifatmif tvSLcH,lrnhf yk*¾Kdvfu &SdOD;rS/ tvSLay;? tvSLcH? tvSLypön;f ok;H yg;pkv H Qijf zihf vSLjzpfawmh\/ 'gvnf; a,bk,s tMurf;zsi;f ajym jcif;jzpf\/ tEkvyHk #dvHk pOf;pm;vQif ]]'gecef;}} ajrmufzq Ydk o dk nfu tvGew f &m cJ,Of;\/

OD;pGmyxr rdryd idk yf pön;f ukd olwpfyg; tm; ay;&ef BupH nfpuyif rvG,u f /l awmf½Hk wef½kH apwemo'¨gw&m;jzihfawmh pOf;yif pOf;pm;vdrrhf nfr[kw/f yk*K¾ v d t f ay:ü arwåm? u½kPm? rk'w d m rxm;EkdifbJvsuf apwem o'¨gw&m;rjzpf/ aiGwpfq,f? ESpq f ,fvLS vQif &Ekdifaom olawmif;pm;ukdpOfvsuf rxDav; pm;? rodusK;d uRe?f tzufrwefpmG Oayu©mjyK jcif;/ ta<ur&Sad o;bl;? a&SUqufavQmufvu dk f ygOD;? uefawmhygao;&JU [laom pum;rsK;d jzihf y,f&mS ;Mujcif;? vSLjzpfvYkd vSLaomfrS av;av; pm;pm; &nf&nfrGefrGefrvSL/ ayghayhgwefwef ypfypfcgcgom vSLMujcif;wdkYukd awGUzl;Muay vdrrhf nf/ tvSLcHyk*¾Kdvfü tusKd;rsm;ygap[k r&nf & G , f / tvS L uk o d k v f & ygap[k v nf ; rawmihw f ? Ny;D Ny;D a&mom oabmxm;Muonf/ rd r d E S p f o uf M unf j zLvk d v m;ol ? MunfnKdtm;xm; av;pm;olwdkYtay:üum; apwema&pD;urf;NyKv d u dk w f wfMuonf/ a&rsm; &m rk;d &Gmqko d vkd rvdt k yfonhaf e&mü tvQyH ,f 'gejyKí 'geawG pkaewwfNyD; trSefwu,f vdktyfaeonhfae&mrsm;ürl 'geawG rkd;acgif a&&Sm;jzpfaewwf\/ þae&müvnf; ukov dk f &apaMumif; &nf&G,fcsufoufoufrQr[kwf/

avmuDtusK;d vnf; ES;D EG,af e\/ wpfcsKUd udpüö wjcm;&nf&G,fcsuf BuD;BuD;rm;rm;r&Sd/ rdrdu txifBuD;&ol? BuD;jrihfol? vkdvm;olrsm;tm; rsufESmvdkrsufESm& zm;csif½kHoufoufom/ bmtusKd;tjrwfrQ rarQmfukd;bJvsuf &Sdwwf onfuv kd nf; tHMh ozG,af wGU&ygao;\/ uJ- tvSLjyK&wm vG,af o;yg&JUvm; pm½Io/l rdru d rdrüd wkUH jyeftusK;d tjrwf&adS p csifí? xifay:ausmfMum;vdkí? axmifjrif &mpGeYf tay;t,loabmrsK;d jzihf ay;vSLNy;D cgrS rSe;f csuEf iS fh ESr;f xGurf uku d o f nht f cg tjrwf tpG e f ; r&vk d u f b J t½I H ; ay:wwf y gonf / oef&Y iS ;f pifMu,faom xufoefonhf apwem o'¨gw&m;rsK;d r[kw&f um; ]]'Dvrdk eS ;f od&if ray; rvSLygbl;uGm? ckawmh..}} ponfjzihf rkÍö apwemjzihf tkd;pm;uGJ&wwfyg\/ rkÍaö pwem rjy|mef;vQi?f ysujf y,f vQi?f ty&apwemtxd a&mufvmp&mudk r&Sd awmhay/ apwemokH;wef rjyXmef;bJvsuf atmifjrifaom tvSL'gerjzpfEidk /f vwfwavm wGif jyKrNd y;D aom 'getvSLü aemiftcgMumav rS ]]vSLrdwm rSm;vku d w f muGm? tJ'v D rkd eS ;f od&if rvSLcJyh gbl;}} [k awG;rdwikd ;f aemifw&um yDwd rpm;Ekid jf zpfvmvQif a&S;ujyKz;l Ny;D aom tvSL onfyif tvum;[mBu;D [k rSw, f rl w d wfMu

DHAMMA TALKS "r®0D&onf udk,fusihfodu©mjzLpifjrihfjrwfrI 0de,udkaqmifEkdifMu&efjzpfonf/ yg\/ a,medaom reodum&jzihf oihfwihf atmif ESvkH;oGif;wwfvQif tusKd;r,kwf/ roGi;f wwfvQif tusK;d rJjh zpf&onfukd vlwidk ;f vlwidk ;f owdrMl u&ayvdrrhf nf/ þae&mrS p í uRef a wmh f t awG U tBuKaH v;rsm;jzihf erlemjyí qufvufa&;om; ygrnf/ uRefawmfwdkYa'o\ "avhxkH;pHt& 0gwGi;f ok;H v? &ufaygif;uk;d q,f umvywfv;Hk oH C 'ge t½k P f q G r f ; avmif ; Muonf / xk d Y twGuf xm0&qGrf;ya'omyifrsm;? rçwnf vSL'gef;aeMuNy/D rnfa&GUrnfrQ[k rowfrw S /f o'¨gw&m; enf;rsm;rqkd yg0ifciG &fh MdS u\/ qGr;f ya'omyif tvSL&Sifrsm;\ trnfpm&if;ukd pmtkyfi,fav;jyKvkyfí ESpfpOfrSwfwrf;wif a0iSay;aeonf/ tvGefaumif;rGef oihfjrwf aom tpDtpOfjzpfonf/ pd w f 0 if p m;rd a omaMumih f rES p f u 0gqkdOD;wGif uRefawmfhrdbESpfyg;\trnfjzifh ESpaf xmifusyw f ef ya'omyifwpfyif pku d x f l xnhf0ifvSL'gef;cJhonf/ aiGvufcHjzwfydkif; uav; jyef&onf/ rMumcP Munh½f u I m yDwd jzpf&onf/ ,ckEpS \ f 0gqkOd ;D umvwGif tvSLU&Sif trnf p m&if ; pmtk y f u av;rsm; xk w f j yef a0iSjyef&m uRefawmfvnf; wpftkyf&&Sdvkduf ygonf/ 0rf;omMunfEl;vkduf&onfrSm ajym rjywwfatmifyif &S\ d / ]]aiG y a'omyif t vS L qk d o nf r S m vl a oaomf v nf ; tvS L raoaomtvS L aiGya'omyif pkdufxlvSL'gef;jcif;rS&aom twd k ; tñT e f Y j zih f &mouf y ef v S L 'gef ; rI y if jzpf o nf } } (b'´EÅ 0dpdwåom&mbd0Ho) aus;Zl;awmf&Sif rif;uGef;q&mawmf bk&m;BuD;\ Mo0g'uxmav;ukd awGU&vQif ykí d yif ESpaf xmif;tm;& jzpfryd gonf/ aiGuav; ESpaf xmifom vSLEkid o f nhf uReaf wmfv h v kd ül yif yDwdokc BuD;BuD;rm;rm; cHpm;&onfqkdvQif trsm;Bu;D pku d x f l vSL'gef;xm;olw\ Ykd &ifwiG ;f cHpm;rIum; tb,frQ xkxnfyrmP Bu;D rm; vku d yf grnfenf;/ xko d w l \ Ykd pdwx f o J Ykd 0ifMunhf í &rnfqv dk Qif 0ifMunhv f u dk cf sipf rf;ygbd/ uRef a wmf o nf pmtk y f u av;uk d w,kw,ukdifwG,fum uRefawmfhrdbrsm;\ trnfpm&if;ukd vSefavSm&SmazGMunhfygonf/ awG U &ygacsNyD / eH y gwf p Of (...) rS m ? odaYk omf.... uRefawmf tvGefpdwfysufoGm;yg\/

tazh e mrnf wpf v k H ; rS m ;í tarh e mrnf wpf0ufjywfusefcJhaomaMumihf jzpfygonf/ apmapmykid ;f u jzpfay:cHpm;ae&onhf yDwo d ck wdkYonfvnf; xuf0ufrQ avsmhusoGm;ovdk cHpm;vkduf&ygonf/ pdwfxJrSmvnf; trsKd; trnfrod a0'emBu;D a&muf&v dS mygonf/ ]]usKyfwkdYAk'¨bmomawGu urÁnf; pmwef;xkd;ay;rS? tvSLcHjzwfydkif;&rS vSLcsif Muw,f}} [laom jr0wDw&m;awmfrS q&m awmfBuD;wpfyg; a[mMum;oGm;aom w&m; pum;av;ukd owd&rdíom tça,medaom reodum& rjzpfatmif renf;BuD; xdef;xm; vkdufEkdifjcif;jzpfonf/ ,if ; rS ok H ; av;&uf t Mum 0gqk d vjynhaf eYü tusK;d awmfaqmify*k K¾ v d x f o H mG ;um aemufxyf aiGo;Hk axmifwef ya'omyifwpfck xyfrpH u dk x f l yl;aygif;í ig;axmifwef ya'om yiftjzpf wk;d jri§ v hf LS 'gef;&if; taMumif;tusK;d ajymjy&ygawmhonf/ ]]tpfukdBuD;a&.. tvSLqkdwmu yDwad v;yJpm;&wmr[kwv f m;/ tckawmh eHrnf trSm;BuD;jzpfaewJhtwGuf yDwdrpm;Ekdifawmh bl;av/ aysmw f mawmif jynhjf ynh0f 0 raysmEf idk f bl;jzpfoGm;w,f/ tJ'gav; rSefrSefuefuef jzpfatmif ulnaD y;ygOD;aemf/ 'grsK;d u vlao &ifawmif emrnfu usecf &hJ rSmr[kwv f m;}} emrnf tjynhftpkHESihf vdyfpmtrSef wdu Yk dk xyfrí H aoaocsmcsm a&;ay;vku d yf g onf/ tusK;d aqmify*k K¾ v d u f vnf; pdww f ikd ;f us aqmif&Gufay;ygrnf[k tmr0EÅmcHavaom aMumihf pdwx f rJ mS tenf;i,f ayhgyg;vef;qef; oGm;ygonf/ aemufEpS cf g 0gqkOd ;D wGif tvSLU&Sif pmtkyfpm&if;ü rrSm;r,Gif; azmfjyyg0ifcGihf& vdrrhf nf[k arQmv f ih, f MHk unf&if; BuKw d ifMunfE;l aerdjyefygonf/ rnfodkYrnfykH jzpfay:vmOD;rnfudk awmhjzihf apmihfMunhf&efom&Sdygawmhonf/ ,if; 0gqkv d jynhaf eY aeYvnfyidk ;f rSm yif qif;&JErG ;f yg;aom tbk;d tkw d pfO;D uReaf wmfh td r f o d k Y a &muf v mí tusÐ t opf p uf p uf wpf x nf vS L 'gef ; jzpf y gonf / tbd k ; tk d u qkawmif;arwåmawG ydo Yk ygonf/ 0rf;omvGe;f ojzihf rsuf&nfrsm;yifvnfum qkay;&if;rS toHawG awmif wd r f 0 ifq k dY e if o G m ;ygonf/ vSL&aom uReaf wmfonfvnf; yDwad omreó awG yGm;&ygonf/ trSeftwdkif;ajym&vQif þukodkvf 'ge tzk d Y b m*onf uRef a wmf h t aejzih f tacsmif&vkdufjcif;jzpfygonf/

tb,hfaMumihfqkdaomf uRefawmf vS L vk d u f a om tusÐ o nf vQyf p pf y pö n f ; ta&mif;qkid rf S vufaqmifay;xm;onhf ypön;f jzpfygonf/ tvum;&aomypönf;udk trSef d ½f jHk zihf wu,fvt dk yfaeolxo H Ydk vTaJ jymif;ay;vku aiGrukeaf om tvSLBu;D wpfck txajrmufomG ; jcif;omjzpfygonf/ od&Yk mwGif omomxk;d xk;d vG,v f , G f ulul jyKvkdufEkdifjcif;awmhr[kwf/ tvum; &xm;aomypö n f ; uk d ol w pf y g;tm; ay;& aumif;Ekd;Ekd; ray;&aumif;Ekd;Ekd;jzihf csDwkHcswkH jzpfc&hJ yku H u dk m; rnforl Qrodvu dk /f vSLvdak om apwemo'¨gw&m;uav;u ay:vmvkduf? ESajrmwGew Yf adk om pdw, f w k rf mu ay:vmvku d f ESifh twåEiS yfh &wdYk pD;csi;f xk;d Muonf/ aemufq;Hk wGif ukokdvfpdwfu tm;omoGm;í wpfrSwf tomjzihf tEkdif&um vSLjzpfvkdufjcif;jzpfyg \/ taMumif ; rod a om tbk d ; tk d u awmh 0rf;omtm;&jzihf om"kawG tBudrfBudrfac: oGm;cJhygonfwum;/ ,if;aeYrwkid cf if 0gqkv d qef; (14) &ufaeY\ trSwfw&wpfckukd ajymjy&efusef ao;onf/ 0gqkdouFef;uyf&eftwGuf pmrlc &aiGav;rsm;ESifh aeYpOfaps;zk;d xJrS pkxm;aom aiGav;jzihf ouFe;f wpfxnf0,fonf/ qkid &f iS f u av;aomif;usyw f efrS tpjyKí ok;H aomif; usyfwef? ESpfaomif;usyfwefrsm;&SdaMumif; ajymonf/ uReaf wmfrh mS xkrd Qavmufyu kd q f H r&S?d 'ghxuf aps;enf;wmukd xyfar;&onf/ xkt d cg usrS uk;d axmihif g;&mwefudk xkwjf yonf/ 'gukyd J 0,f,v l u dk o f nf/ xkaYd emuftarhqDu aiGESpfaxmifusyf&,f? uReaf wmfx h rH S aiGwpfaxmifusy&f ,f aygif;Ny;D aiGo;Hk axmifusyu f dk pmtdww f iG f oD;oeYx f nhf vku d o f nf/ xkaYd emuf bke;f awmfBu;D ukd tdro f Ykd yihfa&; ryihfa&;? ausmif;odkYykdYí uyfvSLa&; rvSLa&;? y&dowfukd zdwMf um;oihf rzdwMf um; oihw f u Ydk dk rdom;pkaqG;aEG;yGv J yk Mf uonf/ uRef a wmf u y&d o wf r zd w f b J bke;f Bu;D wpfyg;yihu f m rdom;pkcsn;f w&m;em? trQa0? om"kac:&ef qE´jyKonf/ uG,v f eG o f l tazhtwGufvnf; tusKd;&Sdrnf/ tkdBuD;tkdr jzpfaom tarhtwGufvnf; oGm;a&;vma&; tcuftcJr&Sdawmh/ ukefusp&dwfvnf; r&Sd G f awmhbJ wpfEidk w f pfyidk f 'geajrmuf&ef &nf&, jcif;jzpfonf/ yku d q f aH ygaomwpfaeYwiG f {&mr tvSLBuD;ay;vSLOD;rnf[k aw;rSwfxm;vkduf onf/ pmrsufESm 22 odkY

- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON ANAPANA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rHk&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwdkuf? u

aus;Zl;&Sif v,fwDq

a&;om;jyKpka

tmemy - - -

THE ANAPAN OR THE MANUAL OF MINDF by ,cif t ywf r S t quf

Maha-thera Ledi- Saya-daw, TRANSLATED into English by U Sein Nyo

xyemenf ; tus,f

Fixing (Thapana-)

y#dbm* edrw d x f ifonfrpS í xyemenf;jzihf tm;xkw&f m\/ xyemqdkonfum;- y#dbm*edrdwfrnfonf ynwftm½Hktxl;jzpfí tm½H k t opf u J h o d k Y jzpf j yef \ / obm0"r® r sd K ; r[k w f a omaMumih f uG,af ysmufvnf; uG,af ysmufv, G \ f / uG,af ysmufjyefvQif wzefxif jrif&ef trIvnf;cufc\ J / xdaYk Mumifh xifjrifvmaom xdyk #dbm*edrw d f udk ruG,faysmufaprlí waeYwjcm; xif&Sm;yGihfvif;íoGm;atmif xdktm½Hkü pl;pl;pdkufpdkuf tm;wdkufzdpD;í pdwfudkxm;jcif;onf xyem rnf\/ xyemenf;odkYa&mufaomtcgü rlum;- toyÜg, 7-yg;udk MuOfa&Smifí oyÜg,(avsmu f efr)I 7-yg;udk rS0DS &J m\/ tyÜemaumov’ (tyÜemüvdrrf muRr;f usiaf Mumif;) q,fyg;udk jynhpf akH p &m\/ toyÜg, 7-yg;qdo k nfum;1/ bm0emrI\qkw, f w k af Mumif;jzpfaom ae&mXmeç 2/ qGr;f cH&mG ç 3/ pum;rsm;rIç 4/ taygif;tabmfç 5/ abmZOfç 6/ Owkç 7/ £&d,mykxçf þ - 7yg;wnf;/ oyÜg, 7-yg;qdkonfum;? bm0emrI\ wd;k yGm;aMumif;jzpfaom xdk 7-yg;aywnf;/ tyÜemaumov’q,fyg;qdo k nfum;1/ ud, k t f *FgESiw fh uG toH;k taqmif0w¬KrsKd ; oef&Y iS ;f rIç 2/ £a`Ei´ g;yg;udk nDñw G af tmifjyKrçI 3/ xGuo f ufç 0ifouf[al om tm½Hek rd w d üf vdrrf mrIç 4/ wuf<uvGe;f aompdwu f kd ESyd rf çI 5/ qkwef pfveG ;f aompdwu f kd cs;D yihrf çI 6/ ajcmufaoGUvGe;f aompdwu f kd &Tiaf prIç 7/ nDñw G af ompdwu f kd vspv f sL½IrçI 8/ orm"dr&Sad om yk*Kd¾ vu f kd MuOfa&SmifrçI 9/ orm"d&adS om yk*Kd¾ vu f kd rS0D rJ çI 10/ tyÜempsmefu&kd jcif;iSm tNrñ J w G af ompdw&f rdS çI

During the stages of counting and connections, attention must still be kept on the "point of touch." From the time the counterpart sign appears, effort must be made according to the third stage, the method of fixing (thapana). Counterpart signs are manifestations and resemble new mental objects. Not being natural phenomena, they easily disappear, and once they disappear, it is difficult to invoke them into sight again. Hence, when a counterpart sign appears, it is necessary to put forth special effort with added energy in fixing the attention on it to prevent it from disappearing; one must strive to make it become clearer day by day. The putting forth of this special additional effort is known as the method of fixing. When the stage of fixing is reached, the seven unsuitable things (asappaya; see just below) must be shunned, while the seven suitable things (sappaya) must be cultivated. The ten kinds of proficiency in meditative abosrption (dasa appanakosalla), too, must be accomplished. The seven unsuitable things are: unsuitable (1) place, (2) village where almsfood is obtained, (3) talk, (4) friends and associates, (5) food, (6) climate, and (7) bodily postures; these things are called "unsuitable" because they cause deterioration of one's meditation. The seven suitable things are the exact opposites: the place, village, talk, friends, food, climate, and postures which cause one's meditation to improve. The ten kinds of proficiency in meditative absorption are: (1) cleanliness of body and utensils, (2) harmonizing the five spiritual faculties (indriyas), (3) proficiency in the object of attention, (4) controlling the exuberant mind, (5) uplifting the depressed mind, (6) making the dry mind pleasant, (7) composure towards the balanced mind, (8) avoding persons who do not possess concentration, (9) associating with persons who possess concentration, and (10) having a mind that is always bent towards meditative abosrption. Equipping and fulfilling oneself with these aforementioned qualities, one must make specially energetical efforts for days and months to fix one's attention on the counterpart sign so that it becomes firm. This effort of fixing the attention (thapana)

- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON A NAPANA DIPANI "r®0D&onf avmuom;tm;vkH;\ ta&;t&mjzpfonf/

usrf;jyKtausmf urÇmausmf

q&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

awmfrlaom

yge'D- yeD-

NA DIPANI R FULNESS OF BREATHING y

Aggamaha-pan.d.ita, D. Litt. o Tun, Late of The Indian Civil Service. þ 10-yg;wnf;/ þodaYk omtrIwu Ykd kd jynhpf pkH mG jyKí xdyk #d bm*edrdwfü pdwfudktpGJBuD;pGJí tNrJBuD;NrJavatmif aeY&Snfvrsm; ½Iaomtm;jzihf yGm;rsm;ap&m\/ tb,frQavmufMumjrihfatmif þ xyemenf;tm;jzihf yGm;rsm;tm;xkwf&moenf;[lrlum;- ½lyg0p& pwkw¬psmefwdkifatmifonf xyemacwfaywnf;/ (Nid r f 0 yf j yef Y j zL;? pd w f p k d u f p l ; ? txl ; pd w f x m;enf ; NyD ; \)

(11) edrdwf 3- yg;? orm"d 3- yg;cGJenf; edrdwf 3 yg; *Pemenf;ç tEkAE¨emenf;ç xyemenf;[laom enf; 3 yg; wdkYjzihf tpOftwkdif;yGm;rsm;jzpfxGef;íoGm;&mü edrdwf 3 yg;ç bm0em orm"d 3 yg;wdjYk zihf cG&J m\/ edrdwf 3 yg;cGJenf;um;(1) *Pemtcef;ü xifjriftyfaom xGuo f ufç 0ifouftm½Hk onf y&dur®erd w d rf nf\/ (2) tEkAE¨emtcef;ü xifjriftyfaom xdt k m½Ho k nfyif O*¾[ edrw d rf nf\/ (3) xyemtcef;ü xifjriftyfaom ynwftm½Ho k nf y#dbm* edrw d rf nf\/ þum; edrdwfoHk;yg; jcm;em;enf;wnf;/ orm"d 3 yg; bm0em orm"d 3 yg; cGeJ nf;um;y&dur®erd w d çf O*¾[edrw d Ef pS yf g;tcku d üf (1) yGm;rsm;aom bm0emorm"donf y&dur®bm0emorm"d rnf\/ (2) xyemacwfwiG f tyÜempsmefoYkd ra&mufrt D Mum; y#dbm* edrdwfudktm½HkjyKí yGm;rsm;aom bm0emorm"donf Oypm&bm0em orm"drnf\/ (3) pwkuúenf;tm;jzihf yxrpsmefç 'kwd,psmefç wwd,psmefç pwkw¬psmef[kqdktyfaom ½lyg0p&psmefav;ygonf tyÜembm0em orm"drnf\/

must be put forth until the fourth jhana is attained. The Signs I shall now show differentially the signs that appear during the three stages of effort, and the types of concentraion achieved during these stages. The image of the out-breath and in-breath that appears in the stage of counting is called the preparatory sign (aparikamma-nimitta). In the stage of connection, it is called the acquired sign (uggaha-nimitta). The manifestation that appears in the stage of attention is called the counterpart sign (patibhaganimitta). The meditative concentration achieved during the appearance of the preparatory sign and acquired sign is "preparatory concentration" (parikamma-bhavana-samadhi). The meditative concentration developed with the attention fixed on the counterpart sign during the stage of fixing but before the attain- ment of full absorption (appana) is called "access concentration" (upacara-bhavana-samadhi). The four jhanas are called "concentration by absorption" (appana-bhavana-samadhi) In the counting and connection stages, the out-breath and in-breath the objects of meditation gradually become allayed and calm down. Ultimately they are apt to become so subtle that they seem to have disappeared altogether. When this occurs, one must continue to fix the attention on the "point of touch" and must attempt to grasp the out-breath and in-breath at that point. When the out-brath and in-brath are perceived again clearly, it will not be long before the counterpart sign appears, which signals that the access to jhana (upacara-jhana) has been attained. Here, upacara-jhana means the access concentration of sense-sphere meditation (kamavacara-bhavana upacara-sama dhi) which has overcome the five hindrances (pañcan1var ana). The calming down of the out-breath and in-breath to the point of disappearance, mentioned in the method given in the Commentary, occurs automatically and need not be specifically attempted. I have myself seen yogis in whom out-breath and inbreath have calmed down to the point of disappearance. In the . sutta however, where it is said, "Passambhayam kayasankharam - assasissa m 1ti sikkhati, passam bhayam. ka yasankharam

- - THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON ANAPANA DIPANI

"r®0D&onf oEdÅokcodkY a&S;½Ijy|mef;onf/

Oypm&psmef tmemygetvkyfudktm;xkwf&mü *Pem tEkAE¨emwdkYtcef; wGif xGuo f ufç 0ifoufwnf;[laom ur®|mef;tm½Ho k nf tqihq f ihf odrfarGUíoGm;ojzihf aysmufuG,fíoGm;ouJhodkYjzpfwwf\/ xdktcg pdwu f kd xd&mXmeü xm;Nrx J m;í tvGeo f rd af rGUvSpmG aom xdt k m½Hu k kd xdak e&mrSmyif &atmif,&l m\/ &atmif,El ikd í f xdt k m½Hx k if&mS ;ay:jyef onhaf emuf rMumrD y#dbm*edrw d f ay:vmvwH?h Oypm&psmefoYkd qdu k f vwH?h eD0&Pw&m;ig;yg;uGmNy;D aom umrm0p&bm0em Oypm&orm"d kd nf/ udk Oypm&psmefqo owd a y;csuf þur®|mef;tm½H\ k tqihq f ihf odraf rGUí aysmufu, G rf rI mS t|uxmenf;vrf;ü odrfarGUíoGm;atmif wriftm;xkwfrIudkrqdk? olt Y vdt k avsmuf tqihq f iho f rd af rGUíoGm;onfuq kd v kd \ dk / avmuü vnf; þur®|mef;tvkyu f kd tm;xkwMf u&m tqihq f iho f rd af rGUíoGm; ojzihf xGuo f ufç 0ifoufaysmufu, G í f oGm;olrsm;udk awGUjrif&zl;\/ a&SUüxkwfjycJhNyD;aomygVdawmfaemufqHk;0g&üum;pmrsufESm 19 rS taru vufcaH omfvnf; nDarmif wdv Yk ifr,m;u rBuKu d /f tdrrf mS vkyv f Qif y&dowfygapcsio f nf/ odaYk omf tdrcf ef;u usO;f onf/ pufysut f rIu d yf aHk wGuvnf; rsm; onf/ xkaYd Mumihf ausmif;rSmoGm;vky&f ef tBuH ay;onf/ olwu Ykd vnf; yHyh ;dk vSL'gef;rnf[k qkd onf/ 0gqkyd ef;? 0gqkzd a,mif;wkid ?f tcsK&d nf bl;awG 0,fay;onf/ þodjYk zihf ausmif;odYk ydv Yk LS &ef qk;H jzwf&onf/ odaYk omf b,fausmif;okyYd rYdk nf/ b,f bke;f Bu;D ukd vSLrnf[k ra&G;cs,fEkdifí [kdvkdvkd 'Dvkdvdk/ aemufqkH;usrS teD;qkH;ausmif;odkY oG m ;vS L &ef qk H ; jzwf v suf tarh u d k a c:um jznf ; jznf ; csif ; vrf;avQmufomG ;&onf/ taru ouFef;tdwfESihf 0w¦KaiG? 0gqkdza,mif;wkdifwdkYukd o,f,lcJhonf/ uRef awmfu 0gqkdyef;ESihf tcsKd&nfykef;BuD;ukdxrf; ,l c J h o nf / c&D ; ra0;aomf v nf ; taru arm aeonf / Z&mud k tEÅKAvrjyKom/ oHa0* wpfcsuf0ifonf/ pkd;&drfaomuawGvnf; a&maES m aeonf / rnf o k d Y y if & S d a p tvS L jyK& rnf j zpf í taru &Tiv f ef;wuf<uaeonf/ ausmif ; a&muf a wmh uk d & if i ,f E S p f y g; u qD ; BuKd u m q&mawmf B uD ; xH ac:oG m ;onf / q&mawmf B uD ; u y#doE¦m&pum;ajymum tarmajzckid ;f onf/ tarmajyawmhrS bk&m;ESifh q&mawmfBuD;udk OD;csonf/ taronf aoG;wdk; a&m*g&Sdoljzpfí rl;aemufvmonht f wGuf jyKpk ay;&onf/ wpfatmihMf umrS ouFe;f ESifh vSLzG,f 0w¦Krsm;ukd uyf&onf/

a&mh

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passasissamiti sikkhati," the meaning is that when the stage of connection is reached, the process of calming down the outbreath and in-breath must be specifically attempted. When the out-breath and in-breah apparently disappear people who are not proficient in the work of meditation are apt to think that the out-breath and in-breath have really disappeared or stopped. Then they are apt to discard the work of meditation. Let all be heedful of this fact. (To Be Continue)

yórÇ,H um,ocFg&H tóodómrDwd oduw © ?d yórÇ,H um,ocFg&H yóodómrDwd oduw © /d [k a[mawmfr\ l / þygVdawmfjrwftvdu k m; tEkAE¨emtcef;odaYk &mufaomtcg ü xGufoufç 0ifoufwu Y k d k d tqihq f iho f rd af rGUoGm;avatmif wriftm;xkwf &rnfyifjzpfonf/ þtm½HkaysmufuG,fcef;rSm ur®|mef;tpDt&ifü rvdrrf maoma,m*Dy*k Kd¾ vo f nf xGuo f ufç 0ifoufaysmufu, G í f oGm;cJh Ny[ D k xif\/ ur®|mef;tvkyu f kd vTwí f ypfwwf\/ owdrMl uav/

(quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) ]]oH C óa'r}} ok H ; Bud r f w d k i f a y;í vk d u f q k d N yD ; aemuf tvSLxajrmufatmifjrif oGm;onf/ odaYk omf w&m;pum; emMum;cGifh r&vku d /f trQtwef;av;rQ ray;ra0&? om"k tEkarm'em ac:cGirfh &bJ tDvnfajcmuf uyfpmG Ny;D pD;onf/ q&mawmfBu;D u u½kPm xm;í tarhtwGuf avief;vdr;f aq;av;bl; pGev Yf LS vku d o f nf/ p&dwfNidrf;í wm0efat;aomtvSL[k qkdEkdifaomfvnf; pdwaf useyfru I akd wmh jynhjf ynf0h 0rcHpm;&/ yDwo d ck Bu;D Bu;D rm;rm; rjzpf? tvSLwefz;dk wpfaomif;ckepfaxmifavmuf ukeu f sco hJ nf/ q&mawmf B uD ; \ aemuf e m;wG i f aps;BuD ; aom ouF e f ; taumif;pm;rsm; txyfvkdufykHxm;onfudk awGU&onf/ tvSLwefzkd; csi;f ,SOv f suf tm;i,fpw d yf if 0ifro d nf/ ynwfw&m;wd\ Yk tm;aumif; yko H nf tHMh op&maumif;vS\/ xkaYd Mumihf aemiftcg 0gqko d uFe;f uyfvQif tdrrf mS yJ y&dowfEiS w fh uG crf;crf;em; em; odu k o f u kd f 0ef;0ef;vkyf &ef tBuHjzpfrdonf/ uJ- þrQqkdvQif tvSL'gejyKjcif;\ cJ,Of;ykHum; ykaH y:avmuf ayNy/D yDwEd iS w fh uG vSL'gef;vdak om apwemjyif;jyif;jyjyjzihf vSL'gef; &vsuf vSLNy;D aemufüvnf; yDwEd iS w fh uG MunfMunfE;l El;&Su d m aemiftcg trSwo f wd& avwkid ;f jyefvnfpOf;pm;rdavwdik ;f yDwo d ck awG Bu;D Bu;D rm;rm;jzpfay:um tNrw J rf; auseyfaeygrS (wpfenf;wpfzHk tm;jzihf) ]]o'¨ g xuf o ef &mouf y ef u k o d k v f } } jzpf E k d i f a Mumif ; ud k oabmaygufMuapjcif;iSm apwemaumif;jzihf qihaf vmif;rQa0vku d yf g onf/ okwwk;d yGm; tusK;d rsm;Muygapaomf/ aZmf n Kd a t;(ausmif ; uk e f ; )

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TALKS ABOUT THE DHAMMA

"r®0D&onf ax&0g' ]oeEÅ&}xGef;um;&efjzpfonf/

jrefrmEkdifiHawmfa'ot&yf&yfwdk Y ü t&n0goDawm&yfrSDvsufaeavh&Sdawmfrlaom

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmf 0e0goDaO,s"r®omrdr[max&f a&;om;pD&ifawmfrlaom "ar®m0g'uxm

omoemawmfBuD; \ a&aomufjrpfoHk;oG,f (omoem jyKvkyfief;tydkif;) (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) omoemjyKES p f r sKd ; omoemjyKvyk if ef;onfum;.... 1/ ud, k w f iG ;f ü wnfapaom omoemjyKvyk if ef;u wpfrsK;d ? 2/ ud, k yf üwnfapaom omoemjyKvyk if ef;u wpfrsK;d / þodkYvQif ESpfrsKd;ESpfpm;uGJjym;jcm;em;aeacs\/ xdkESpfrsKd;wdkYwGif 1/ ud, k w f iG ;f wnf omoemjyKvyk if ef;onf bk&m;a[mxm; usipfh Ofrsm;udk usu-f usi-fh odwjYkd zihf ude;f wnfapjcif;yifwnf;/ okrYd [kwf u/ bk&m;&Sio f ad pvdak om avmu\ oabmobm0rsm;udk vnf;aumif;? avmu\ jyify&Sd oabmobm0rsm;udkvnf;aumif;? bk&m;a[mxm; w&m;pum;awmfrsm;twGi;f owdÓPfoiG ;f ay;vsuu f xuf0ef;usiEf UHS pyfpmG (usr;f ½d;k wpfavQmuf aygufa&mufpmG ) avhusujf cif; y&d,wdåomoem? c/ wpfzefb&k m;a[mxm; xdw k &m;pum;awmfrsm;udk tpu jyef wpfzefxyf ud, k chf E¨mtod owduyfvsuu f usiBfh ujH cif;? tpGo J u d kd ajc&mcH rSwfoduwpfzefjyefvSefum ar;cGef;xkwfonfhtvm; jznfhusifh rSwo f m;jcif;? pl;prf;avhvmjcif;? oH;k oyfqifjcifjcif; y#dywdo å moem? */ wpfzef owdac: rSwfodpdwf\ aphpyftm; pl;pdkuftm;wdkY jzihf cE¨m\twGi;f om;qdu k f olv Y yI &f mS ;rIukd vdu k v f suu f Edu I af y;xm; onfhtwdkif; þum;þvdk xdkum;xdkvdk[lí t&Sdudkt&Sdtwdkif; wefjyef xdrx d ;kd xGi;f odojd cif; y#da0'omoem xdo k ;kH jzmwdu Yk kd ude;f wnfapjcif; yifwnf;/ 2/ ud, k yf omoemjyKvyk if ef;onfum; rdrüd rqHah wmhí ab;&Sad 0ae,s wdo Yk Ykd jzefaY 0vsuu f xyfqifu h ed ;f wnfapjcif;wnf;/ odrYk [kwf o'¨gtm;ud&k if;pm;xm;vsuu f Akv d if g;yg; psmefig;yg; aAmZÑif ckepfyg; £a`Er´ sm;jzihf yGm;xHx k m;aom "r®"mwftm;Bu;D zGUH NzKd ;wd;k wuf vmavaomtcg olwpfyg;wdt Yk m;vnf; rdru d o hJ Ykd odapvdk &Sad pvdak om o'¨gqE´tm; wzGm;zGm;ay:xGe;f vmap\/ xdo k '¨gtm; qE´tm;rsm;jzihf wGe;f tm;ay;jcif;? rdrt d m; ypön;f av;yg;wdjYk zihf axmufyihaf jrm§ ufux l m; olrsm;udk wHv Yk n S w fh pfzef jyefveS af us;Zl;qyfvjdk cif;rsm;jzifh wGe;f tm;ay;

jcif;yifwnf;/ qdv k o kd nfrmS .... ud, k w f ikd o f u d kd ud, k yf ikd &f o dS t Ykd xd qdu k af paom jznhu f sijfh cif; jzihf ud, k w f iG ;f omoemxlaxmifNy;D rSom olwpfyg;omoem taxmuf tulpkjyKay;jcif;yif/ þü t"duOD;pm;ay;onf ud, k w f ikd u f sifh ud, k w f ikd o f &d efyif odrYk [kwf ud, k phf um; ud, k ef m;axmif&efyif/ udk,fhpum; udk,fudk,fwdkifurS em;raxmifygbJvsufu wpfzufom;em;taxmifcikd ;f &jcif;onf tvGerf vG,u f al om tvkyrf sK;d wnf;/ odaYk Mumihf omoemjyK0efxrf;wdt Yk wGuf Oay'oum;... u/ ud, k phf um; ud, k ef m;axmifyg (ajymovdv k yk í f vkyo f vdk omajymyg) c/ Ny;D rS ud, k phf um; trsm;em;axmifvm&ef BuKd ;pm;yg [l\/ þü (u) OD;pm;ay;aom omoemjyKvyk if ef;Bu;D atmifjrif vQif trSw(f c) omoemjyKvyk if ef;vnf; tNy;D tpD;atmifjrifNyo D m rSwf ,lygav/ jyif y omoemjyKvnf ; ES p f r sKd ; wpfzef ud, k yf omoemjyKvyk if ef;onfvnf;.... 1/ ouf&EdS iS fh qufwzJG ufvsuu f omoemjyKjcif;u wpfrsK;d 2/ oufrEhJ iS fh quf wGzJ ufvsuu f omoemjyKjcif;u wpfrsK;d ? þodv Yk Qif ESprf sK;d ESppf m; uGjJ ym;vmjyefygacs\/ xkw d iG f 1/ ouf&jdS zihf jyK&aom omoejyKvyk if ef;onfum; udk,fwGif;omoem wnfaqmufNyD;Muygukefaom aemufyg a0ae,swdkYjzihf udkf,fwGif;omoem rwnfrdao; &SmMuukefao;aom a0ae,swt Ykd m; omoemwnfaqmufay;jcif;wnf;/ odrYk [kw.f ... bk&m;&SifBuHK;0g;awmfrlonfhtwdkif; u/ rdro d o H &m wpfzufurf;ayguf ul;cwfvw G af jrmufEidk b f d odYk olwpfyg;wdv Yk nf; ul;cwfvw G af jmrufap&rnf/ pmrsufESm 32 odkY

DHAMMA TALKS

]oeEÅ&} [lonf urÇmtpOftquf razmufrjyef rSefpGmwnf&Sdaom w&m;jzpfonf/

r[maAm"dNrdKifq&mawmfbk&m;BuD; rdefYMum;awmfrlaom

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COVER SPECIAL DHAMMAPADA FEATURES ax&0g'onf umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömjzpfonf/ rsufESmzkH;rS ta0;tm½H k o d k Y v nf ; ajy;xaom wpf c k w nf ; aom vSnhfvnf xaom udk,fxnfvnf; r&Sdxaom r[mbkwfwnf; [laom vdkPfvQif wnf&m&Sdxaom pdwfudkapmihfpnf;Ekdifaom ol w d k Y o nf rm&f r if ; taES m if tzG J U rS vG w f a jrmuf u k e f \ / *gxm-37 [dk'Da,muf,uf vGihfxGufaeaompdwf (oHC&ud©w) 'l&*FrH {up&H tp&Sdaom þokwåEÅyd#u? ck'´uedum,? "r® y 'ygVd a wmf ? pd w å 0 *¾ v m? "r® a 'oemawmf *gxm(37) ud k jrwfpmG bk&m;onf om0wdj¬ ynfaZw0efausmif;ü ude;f atmif;arGUavsmf pHy,fawmfrlpOf oHC&ud©wrax&f\ wl&if;jzpfaom oHC&ud©w &[ef;udk taMumif;jyKí a[mMum;awmfro l nf/ om0wdj¬ ynfü trsK;d aumif;om;wpfa,mufonf jrwfpmG bk&m; &Si\ f w&m;a'oemudk em,lrw S o f m; Mum;em&onfjzpfí vlaY bmifrS xGufNyD;vQif &[ef;jyKav\/ &[ef;yÍöif;tjzpfudk&í ]oHC&ud©w rax&f} [laomtrnf&Sdonfjzpfí ESpf&ufoHk;&ufcsif;jzihfomvQif t&[wåzdkvfodkY a&mufav\/ xdkrax&f\ ESri,fonf om;i,fudkarG;zGm;í rax&f\ trnfudkomvQif jyKav\/ xdkwljzpfaom oli,fonf oHC&ud©w trnf & S d o nf j zpf í t&G , f o d k Y a &muf o nf & S d a omf rax&f \ txHüomvQif &[ef;jyKí &tyfaom yÍöi;f tjzpf&o dS jzihf wpfyg;aom rxif&Sm;aom &Gmi,fwpf&Gm\ t&Hü 0godkYuyfí ckepfawmif&Sdaom ykqdk;wpfxnf &Spfawmif&Sdaom ykqdk;wpfxnftm;jzihf ESpfxnfaom 0gqdkouFef;ykqdk;wdkYudk&í &Spfawmif&Sdaom ykqdk;ouFef;onf ig\ OyZÑm,ftm;jzpfayvwåUH [kyikd ;f jcm;owfrw S Nf y;D aomf ckepfawmif&adS om ykq;kd ouFe;f onf igYtm;jzpfayvdrrfh nf[k BuaH tmufarhí 0grSxajrmuf Ny;D í 0guRww f nhv f Qif OyZÑm,fuzkd ;l ajrmft[ hH v k mcJo h nf&adS omf vrf;c&D; tMum;ü qGr;f cHjcif;iSmvSnv fh nfaeaom rax&ftm; awGUjrifav\/ wlawmf&[ef;onf rax&fausmif;odYk ra&mufrD ausmif;od0Yk if írax&f\ aeYoef&Y mü wHjrufvn S ;f Ny;D vQif ajcaq;a&udk wnfxm;í tdy&f mae&mudck if;usi;f Ny;D rax&f<uawmfrv l mtHah om c&D;udMk unhaf rQmf vsuf iHq h ikd ;f apmihv f ihí f aeESi\ fh / xdaYk emufrax&f<uvmawmfral omtcg oHC&udw © &[ef;i,f onf c&D ; OD ; BuKd q d k j cif ; ud k j yKNyD ; oyd w f o uF e f ; ud k v S r f ; vif h , l i if í t&Sifbk&m;xdkifaeoDwif;oHk;awmfrlygavmh[k rax&fudkoDwif;oHk;ap awmfrNl y;D aomf xef;&Gu, f yfu, kd í l ,yfcwfavNy;D aomufawmfa&udk ay;í ajcwdu Yk kd aq;Ny;D vQif rdr, d al qmifcahJ omykq;kd ouFe;f udak qmif,l í? rax&fjrwf\ ajc&if;üxm;Ny;D aomf? t&Sib f &k m; þykq;kd ouFe;f udk oH;k aqmifawmfryl gavmh[k avQmufxm;av\/ xdktcgrax&fu ]igY&SifoHC&ud©w igYtm;ouFef;jynhfpHk\/ oifomvQif oH;k aqmifavavmh} [k rdeaYf wmfr\ l / ]t&Sib f &k m; wynhf awmfonf þykq;kd ouFe;f ud&k aomtcgrSpí þt0wfyq k ;kd udk t&Sif bk&m;tm;omvQif ydik ;f jcm;rSwo f m;tyfyg\/ oH;k aqmifjcif;udjk yKawmf rlygavmh} [k avQmuf\/ ]igY&iS f oHC&udw © &Spd awmh? igYtm; ouFe;f jynh f p H k \ / toif o nf o mvQif oH k ; aqmif a vmh } [k r d e f Y a wmf r l \ / ]t&Sifbk&m; þodkYrjyKygvifh? t&SifjrwfwdkYoHk;aqmiftyfonf&Sdaomf wynhaf wmfwt Ykd m; Bu;D jrwfaomtusK;d jzpfygvdrrfh nfb&k m;} [ktzefzef

Continue from front page Faring far, wondering alone, bodiless lying in a cave, is the mind. Those who subdue it are freed from the bond of Ma-ra Verse (37) The mind can wander afar (Sangha Rakkhita) While residing at the Jetavana monastery in Savatthi, the Buddha uttered verse (37) of Suttanta Pitaka Khuddaka Nikaya, THE DHAMMAPADA, The Mind (cittavagga), with reference to the nephew of Thera Sangharakkhita. Once, there lived in Sa-vatthi a senior bhikkhu by the name of Sangha Rakkhita. When his sister give birth to a son, she named the child after this monk. He came to be known as the nephew Sangha Rakkhita, and this youth in due course was admitted into the Order. While the young bhikkhu was staying in avillage monastery he was offered two sets of robes and he decided to offer one set to the monk who was his uncle. At the end of the vassa, he went to pay respects to his uncle and he offered the robe to him. But the uncle declined to accept the robe saying that he had enough. Although he repeated his requested, the Elder would not accept. The young bhikkhu felt disheartened thinking that his uncle did not like him. Since his uncle was so unwilling to share the requisites with him, he thought it would be better for him to leave the Order and live the life of a layman. From that point, his mind wandered and distracting steam of thoughts followed. He thought that after leaving the Order he would sell the robe and buy a she-goat, that she-goat would breed quickly and soon he would make enough money to enable him to marry, his wife would give birth to a son. He would take his wife and child in a small cart to visit his uncle at the monastery, On the way, he would say that he would carry the child, she would tell him to drive the cart and not to bother about the child. He would insist and grab the child from her, between them the child would drop on the carttrack and the wheel would pass over the child.a He would get so furious with his wife that he would strike her with the goading-stick. At that time he was fanning his uncle monk with a fan and he absentmindedly struck the heard of the monk with the fan. The monk knowing the thoughts of the young bhikkhu said. "You were unable to beat your wife. Why have you beaten an old bhikkhu?" Young Sangha Rakkhita was very much surprised and embarrassed at the words of his uncle. He also became extremely frightened, and wanted to leave the monastery there and then. However the elder monk managed to take him to the presence of the Buddha. When told about the whole episode, the Buddha spoke kindly to the young monk and said that the mind has the ability to think of an object even though it might be far away. This would naturally cause much distraction. Therefore, one should strive hard for liberation from the bondage of passion, ill-will and ignorance.

COVER SPECIAL DHAMMAPADA FEATURES

umvra&G;? a'ora&G;? rSefaomopömonf tESpfom& oabm&Sd\/

Then the Buddha spoke in vere as follow:txyfxyfavQmufMum;tyfonf&adS omfvnf; rax&fonf tvdrk &So d nf Verse- 37. faring far, wandering alone, bodiless, lying omvQiw f nf;/ oHC&udw © &[ef;onf rax&ftm;,yfcwfvsuo f mvQif in a cave, is the mind. Those who subdue it are freed from the þodkYBuH\/ bond of Ma-ra. ]]igonfvt l jzpfü rax&f\ wl&if;jzpfay\/ &[ef;jyKaom At the end of the discourse, the young bhikkhu attained tcgüvnf;twlaewynhfjzpfay\/ þodkYjzpfygvsuf igESihftwlwuG Sota-pati Fruition. Nyain Chan Oo. OyZÑm,fq&monf oH;k aqmifjcif;udk jyKjcif;iSm tvdrk &S/d þq&mrax&f onf igESit fh wl wuGo;kH aqmifjcif;udk rjyKonf&adS omf igYtm; &[ef; H ikd ;f Buw H ikd ;f aom \ tjzpfjzihf tb,ftusKd;&SdtHhenf; igvljzpfawmhtHh}} [kBuHí? ysupf ;D jcif;jzihf igonfysupf ;D &jcif;jzpf&acsNy/D ig\ Buw pdwt f vdu k kd OyZÑm,fq&monf odawmfrcl ahJ csNyw D um;? igYtm; &[ef; xdkYaemuf wzef þodkYaom tBuHonfjzpfjyef\/ ]]vlaY bmifrnfonf wnfwEhH idk cf \ J / tb,foaYkd om trIukd \tjzpfjzihf tb,ftusKd;&SdawmhtHhenf;[k xef;&Guf,yfudk csxm; jyKNy;D vljzpfí touf&n S af tmif arG;&ygtHeh nf;}} [kBuNH y;D rSwzef xyfrH pGefYypfNyD;vQif xGufajy;jcif;iSmtm;xkwf\/ xd k t cgxG u f a jy;jcif ; iS m tm;xk w f a om oH C &ud © w ud k í BuHjyefonfrSm ]]þ&Spfawmif&Sdaom t0wfykqdk;xnfudk a&mif;í wpfaumifaomqdwrf udk 0,f,t l /hH qdwrf rnfonfum; vsipf mG oGm; yÍöif;i,fwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? omraPwdkYonfvnf;aumif;? tpOf k í f xdo k C H &udw © &[ef;udk zrf;MuNy;D vQif jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sif zGm;vG,f\/ xdkigonf zGm;wdkif;zGm;wdkif;aom qdwfwdkYudk a&mif;csí twdik ;f vdu f / tzd;k udjk yKt/hH tzd;k aMu;aiGjyKNy;D wpfa,mufaom r,m;udk aqmif,l txHawmfoYkd oGm;Muuke\ jrwfpmG bk&m;ocifonf xd&k [ef;udk jrifawmfrí l ]]cspo f m; tHh/ xdkaqmif,ltyfaom r,m;onf wpfa,mufaom om;i,fudk zGm;jrifvwåUH / xdo k zYkd mG ;jrifaomtcg om;i,ftm; igYO;D &D;\ trnfukd &[ef;wdkYtb,faMumihfvmMuukefbdoenf;? cspfom;&[ef;wdkYonf k b,fu zrf;ac:cJMh uoenf;}} [kar;awmf jyKí vSn;f ,mOfi,füxdik af eapNy;D ig\ om;udv k nf;aumif;? r,m;udk wpfa,mufaom&[ef;udt vnf;aumif;? ac:aqmifcJhapí OD;&D;rax&fudk &Sdcdk;jcif;iSm vmcJhtHh/ rl\/ bkef;awmfBuD;awmfrlaom jrwfpGmbk&m; þyÍöif;i,fonf ig\ om;udkaqmif,lcJhavmh? igonf csD,ltHh[kqdkaytHh/ xdkr,m;u Y sijf cif;jzpfí vlxu G jf cif;iSm xGuaf jy; toiftm; tb,fjyKtehH nf;/ vmvSnfh þvSn;f ,mOfukd armif;ESiaf vmh omoemawmfü rarGUavsmf qefu igonf om;udak yGUcsí D aqmiftq hH Nkd y;D r,m;onf om;i,fukd aqmif,l onfukd zrf;,lcNhJ y;D t&Sijf rwfpmG bk&m;txHawmfoYkd vmcJMh uygonf[k onf&adS omf wnfjcif;iSm rpGr;f Ekid af omaMumih?f vSn;f bD;oGm;&m vrf;ü avQmufxm;Muukefav\/ xdt k cg jrwfpmG bk&m;onf oHC&udw © &[ef;tm; omoem ypfcsbdouJhodkY usvwåHU/ xdktcg om;i,f\ udk,fay:odkY wufí Y si&f jcif;taMumif;udk tenf;i,far;ppfawmfrl vSn;f bD;onf vdro hf mG ;vwåUH / xdt k cg r,m;udk toifonf ig\ om;udk awmfü rarGUavsmf qefu f oHu&udw © &[ef;i,fukd ]]cspo f m; igYtm;vnf;ray;/ rdru d , dk w f ikd v f nf; NrNJ rcH ikd cf w hH nfwahH yGUcsjD cif;iSm rpGr;f Ny;D onfah emuf jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siu d rf nfonfum; ta0; Ekid /f toifonfzsuq f ;D tyfonfjzpfc\ hJ }} [kqí kd ESiw f jH zihf ausmufuek ;f &[ef;vmvSn/fh rylyef rBuaH tmufarhvih/f xdpk w üjzpfonfvnf; jzpfaom tm½Hu k kd cHvihw f wfaom oabm&S\ d / &m*? udk ½du k yf w k t f [ hH Bk u\ H / Yk udk xd&k [ef;i,fonf þodt Yk pOftwdik ;f BupH nfatmufarhvsuf a'go? arm[wnf;[laom taESmiftzGUJ rS vGwaf jrmufjcif;iSm vHv l / rax&ftm; ,yfcwfae&if;jzihf rax&f\ OD;acgif;udk ,yfjzihf ykwcf wf jyKjcif;iSm tyf\}} [k rdeaYf wmfrNl y;D í þ*gxmudk a[mMum;awmfr\ *gxm 37/ / ta0;tm½H k o d k Y v nf ; ajy;xaom ½dkufESufav\/ rax&fonf todeYk nf; þoHC&udw © &[ef;i,fonf ig\ wpfckwnf; aom vSnhfvnfxaom udk,fxnfvnf;r&Sdxaom? r[mbk w f w nf ; [l a om vd k P f v Qif wnf & m&S d x aom pd w f u d k OD;acgif;ü ½du k yf w k t f yfonfwum;[k pl;prf;qifjcifonf&adS omf xdo k C H &udw © &[ef;i,fonf Buw H ikd ;f Buw H ikd ;f aom tvH;k pHu k kd tukeo f jd rifí apmihpf nf;Ekid af om olwYkd onf rm&frif;taESmiftzGUJ rS vGwaf jrmuf igY&SifoHC&ud©woif\om;udktrSDjyKí toif\ r,m; rmwk*grudk uk e f \ / xdka'oem ygXf*gxm\ tqHk;ü wljzpfaom oHC&ud©w ½du k Ef u S yf w k cf wfjcif;udak y;jcif;iSm rpGr;f Ekid yf gbJ þt&yfü tdrk if;Bu;D &ihf rax&fonf aomwmywdzå v kd o f aYkd &mufav\/ wpfyg;vnf;jzpfuek af om avNy;D aom igrax&ftm; tb,ftjypf&adS voenf;[kq\ kd / Ykd nfvnf; aomwmyefponfjzpfavuke\ f / xdkoHC&ud©w&[ef;i,fonf tHhzG,fol&Jrjzpfzl;NrJaom rsm;pGmukeaf om vlwo Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;

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DHAMMA VIRAARTICLES umvtvdkuf? a'otvdkuf? rSefaomopömonf toGifoP²mefoabm&Sd\/

tao0emp AmvmeH "r®bufawmfom;

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rSefuefaompum;wpf&yfjzpfyg\/ odkYaomfa&SUaemufawG;ac:ajrmfjrifpOf;pm;um a0zef ydkif;jcm;Edkifolrsm;twGufrlum;? xdkpum;udk w&m;aoqkyu f ikd f rxm;oifah y/ tb,faMumifh qd k a omf xd k t &uf o rm;? zJ o rm;rsm;onf wpf&w H pfcgrSm uREykf w f t Ykd wGuf r&Srd jzpfvt kd yf aewwfyg onf/ Oyrm- uReaf wmfwaYkd wm&Gmrsm;rSmqdk vQif vlaoí okomefü wGi;f wl;&rnfqv kd Qif omrefvlrnfolrQ rvkyfcsifMuyg/ xdktcg t&uform;rsm;udk t&ufyv k if;ay;í apvTwf &ygonf/ xdkYtjyif ykyf&daeaom vlao½kyf tavmif ; rsm;qd k v Qif rd o m;pk u tpç rudik cf siMf uyg/ xdt k cg t&uform;rsm;udyk if tul t nD a wmif ; &jyef y g\/ xd k Y a Mumif h t&uf o rm;ç zJ o rm;rsm;onf wu,f raygif;tyfaom vlrdkuftppf r[kwfonhf tjyif oem;p&mowå 0 grsm;yif jzpf ygawmhonf/

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þodYk taumif;bufrS Munhjf rifay; rnfqv kd Qif (ud, k [ f m olt Y wGu)f rdwaf qGaumif; ae&mrSaeí aygif;oif;&ygrnf/ rdrw d wfprG ;f orQ vrf;rSeu f kd ñTejf yay;&ygrnf/ ]]raumif;ol y,f? aumif;olu,f}} qdo k nfrmS Ak'0¨ g'r[kwf ovdk ]]oifaumif;vQif uREykf rf qd;k yg}} [laom pum;rSmvnf; olawmfaumif;wdkY\ pum; r[kw/f "r®rw d af qGrsm; oabmaygufrnfxifyg onf/ wu,fqdkvQif raumif;oludkom aumif;vmatmif u,f&ygrnf/ aumif;aeol udk u,fp&mrvdyk g/ wzef ]]oifaumif;vQif uREfyk rf qd;k yg}} qdkawmh ]]oifq;kd vQif uREfyk f raumif;yg}} qdw k o hJ abmaygh/ þodkYqdkvQif rd r d ud k , f w d k i f vl r k d u f p m&if ; 0if a eygNyD / Ak ' ¨ 0 g't& ol r aumif ; vQif v nf ; uk, d u f aumif;atmif ae&rnfr[kwyf gvm;/ uJ - "r®rw d af qGw?Ykd t&uform;awG [m wu,f a wmh oem;p&mawG y gaemf / 'gaMumihf ypfy,frxm;vkdufMuygeJY/ ]0dkif;0ef; az;ulvYkd vrf;jyay;Muyg} vdYk wdu k w f eG ;f csiyf g w,f/ 'gqdk wu,faMumufp&maumif;NyD; raygif;tyfwhJ vlru kd t f ppfukd jyzdYk vdv k mygNy/D vl r d k u f t ppf uREykf w f Ykd rsuaf wmifarT;udk uREykf w f Ykd jyef r jrif & jcif ; rS m eD ; vG e f ; aeíjzpf y gonf / xdkYtwlyif wu,faMumufp&maumif;aom vlru dk t f ppfuv kd nf; eD;vGe;f aeí rjrifawGUcJh Muay/ aygif;rdaeívnf; aygif;rdaerSe;f rodchJ Muay/ ,if;vlru kd rf sm;rSm uREykf w f \ Ykd tZÑwå oEÅmefü ude;f atmif;vsu&f adS om vdck siw f yfruf jcif; (avmb)? trsufxGufjcif; (a'go)? awGa0jcif; (arm[)? axmifvmT ;jcif; (rme)? t,lrSm;jcif; ('d|)d ? &wemjrwfoHk;yg;tay: oH o ,&S d j cif ; (0d p d u d p ä m )? id k u f j rnf ; jcif ; (xderd'¨)? pdwfysHUvGifhjcif; (O'¨p)ö ? raumif;rI rvky&f ef r&Sujf cif; (t[d&u d ) ESihf raumif;rI vky&f ef raMumufjcif; (taemwåy)Ü [laom udavomw&m; (10) yg; wdyYk if jzpfMuygonf/ xdv k rl u kd Bf u;D rsm;ESifh aygif;oif;rdyu kH kd tusO;f csKyrf w S ifjy&vQi-f rsupf jd zihf jrif&aom tqif;wpfcu k kd ]]ESpo f ufp&m}} [kxifvu dk v f Qif ]avmbvlru kd }f ESifh aygif;oif;vku d jf cif;jzpf\/ xdt Yk wl ]]rESpo f ufp&m}} [k xifvu dk jf yefvQif ]a'go} vlrkdufESifh aygif;rdoGm;jcif;rnfyg\/ xdkYaemuf ]ESpfoufp&mvm;¿}? rESpfoufp&m vm;¿? bmawGv¿J ponfjzihf awGa0aejcif;

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf vkHhvjynfh0jcif;ESifh wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;ukd jyqkdonf/

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ig;aMumf udk,fydkif; rpm;&onhfES,f cifolZmjrihf

jynfwGif;? jynfyomoemjyK oHC wuúodkvf ausmif;udk a&ul;blwm½Hkvrf;ü pwif z G i h f p tcsd e f u jzpf o nf / omoemjyK &[ef ; awmf r sm;onf 0gwG i f ; umvwG i f &yfuGuftvdkuf avmif;aom qGrf;avmif; "r®m½Hrk sm;odYk wef;pDNy;D qGr;f cH<u&onf/ &vmaomqGrf;cJzG,fabmZOfwdkYudk uydÜ,ESihf ausmif;om;a0,sm0pöaqmif&Guf olwu Ykd qGr;f 0dik ;f toD;oD;ü cGaJ 0xnhí f qGr;f uyf&onf/ wpfaeY "eod'v d¨ rf; qGr;f avmif; "r®m½Ho k Ykd tvSnu fh s qGr;f cH&mwGif tdrw f pftrd rf S rkeu Yf Ro J rJ sm; avmif;vSLvdu k o f nf/ xdkrkefYudkoHCmaphra0avmuf[lí uyd, Ü Bu;D u oHCmawmfrsm;udk ruyfawmhbJ rdrw d u Ykd yd, Ü tzGUJ uom a0iSpm;aomufypfvu kd f Muonf/ xdo k nfuo kd &d adS om &[ef;oHCmawmf tcsKUd u rauseyfjzpfay:Muonf/ xdkudpöudk 0efaqmifacgif;aqmif q&mawmf E S p f y g;u od & S d o G m ;Muonf / odt Yk wGuf xdu k pd aö jz&Si;f &ef y&d,wd0å efaqmif q&mawmf u qG r f ; pm;ausmif ; bk e f ; BuD ; ud k wm0efay;onf/ qGr;f pm;ausmif;bke;f Bu;D OD;okr*Fv u aeYvnfpmoifcsed w f iG f ud, k af wmfuav;rsm; udk igY&iS w f u Ykd t½kPq f rG ;f rSm rkeu Yf Ro J rJ pm;& vdu Yk yd, Ü ausmif;om;awGukd rausreyfjzpfae w,fvMYdk um;w,f? 'Dausmif;om; uyd, Ü awGu igY&SifwdkY&JU a0,sm0pöudk jyKvkyfay;ae&wm/ olwu Ykd kd oem;aomtm;jzihf pm;apcsií f pGeBYf uJ vdu k w f ,fvYkd pdwu f av;arG;vdu k &f if igY&iS w f v Ykd J 'geuk o d k v f j zpf r ,f ? pm;&ol c rsmrS m vnf ; pdwfcsrf;om udk,fcsrf;omESihf tm[m&jzpfMu r,f? wdq Yk &mawGu wdu Yk kd jyefvnfMunh½f aI pmihf a&Smufygvm;vdq Yk Nkd y;D ydrk Mkd unfnKd Ny;D a0,sm0pö vk y f i ef ; awG u d k v nf ; tm;wuf o a&m

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES "r®0D&onf b0&SifoefrIudk trSefuefqHk;azmfaqmif&ef jzpfonf/

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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MORAL AND ETHIC

"r®0D&onf csrf;ajrhaysmf&TifrItwGuf jzpfonf/

à from back cover always honour and respect his wife, by being faithful to her, by giving her the requisite authority to manage domestic affairs and by giving her befitting ornaments. This advice, given over twenty five centuries ago, stands good for today. Knowing the psychology of the man who tends to consider himself supeior, the Budha made a remarkable change and uplifted the status of a woman by a simple suggestion that a husband should honour and pespect his wife. The suggestion, that a husband should be faithful to his wife, would mean that a husband should fulfil and maintain his marital obligations to his wife, this sustaining the confidence in the marital relationship in every sense the word. The husband, being a bread winner, would invariably stay away from home, hence he should entrust the domestic or household duties to the wife who should be considered as the home economic administrator. The provision of befitting ornaments to the wife should be symbolic of the husband's love, care and attention showered on the wife. This symbolic gesture has gone on from time immemorial. With regard to the manner as to low a wife should minister to the needs of a husband, the Buddha advised that the wife should be proficient in her household duties, she should accord cordial hospitality to her husband's relatives and friends, she should be faithful to her husband, she should protect and conserve what her husband earns, and she sould show skill and diligence in all her duties. It will be observed that in accordance with the list of duties a wife is expected to perform to meet the needs of a husband, a wife should not be treated as merely a natural or feminine gift to her husband, but should be treated as a partner of equal standing in a delightful relationship that should be nurtured reciprocally by both parties in a spirit of sincere loyalty, gentleness and devoled dedication to one another. Many prosent day families have been broken due to the inability of the wife to run a home properly, her hostility towards her husband's relatives and friends, infidelity and the inordinate squandering of the husband's hard-earned savings. Hence the guidelines given by the Buddha to both husbands and wives, should be honoured and respected by all who treasure and value our happy and ethical family relationships. Of course some of these injunctions given such along time ago, could be re-construed to be compatible with the needs of modern society. (To be Continued) Dhamma V1-raThandar Aung, ITBM University, Yangon.

à aemufausmzHk;rS ajrUpGmaygif;oif;Edik Mf uatmif? txD;usejf cif;? tcGit hf a&;qH;k ½I;H cH&jcif; ESifh aMumuf&UHG pd;k xdwjf cif;wdrYk S vGwu f if;&Si;f vif;&atmif aumif;rGeo f nhf tajccHrIrsm;udk azmfaqmifzefwD;ay;Muygonf/ xdrf;jrm;vufxyfMu&mwGif vufxyfMuolwpfOD;csif;pDonf tjcm;wpfOD;\ uRrf;usifonhft&nftcsif;rsm;udk todtrSwfjyKí? aus;Zl;wif0rf;ajrmufpmG vufct H m;ay;Ny;D ? wpfO;D ESiw fh pfO;D tjyeftvSef tm;jznhjf ri§ w fh ifMuum tjznhcf b H 0wpfcu k kd jyKpyk sKd ;axmifomG ;Mu&rnf Yk nf wpfO;D ESiw hf pfO;D wpfzufEiS hf jzpfygonf/ owdo Yk m;ESifh owdo kY rD;wdo wpfzuf? oluomonf iguomonf[al om tawG;tac:pdwrf sKd ;udk vH;k 0rarG;jrLoihMf uay/ wpfO;D \tm;enf;csuu f kd wpfO;D u jznhq f nf;ay; Mu&rnhf tjznhfcHrsm;omjzpfMu&ygrnf/ wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; wef;wlnDrQ ,SOfwGJaygif;zufMujcif;omvQifjzpfonf/ nifomjcif;? &ufa&mjcif;? Nird ;f at;jcif;ESifh tav;w,l *½kwpdu k &f jdS cif;wdEYk iS fh jynhv f Qr;f aeaom twl,SOfwGJaygif;zufaexkdifjcif;rsKd;omjzpfMu&rnfjzpfygonf/ tdrfaxmif&SifwpfOD;u jrwfpGmbk&m;tm; ZeD;r,m;tay: xm;&St d yfonhf cifyeG ;f onfvifa,musmf ;wpfa,muf\ wm0ef0wå&m; rsm;udk ar;jref;avQmufxm;&m? jrwfpmG bk&m;&Siu f þuJo h Ykd rdeMYf um;awmf rlcyhJ gonf/ ]]cifyeG ;f onf vifa,musmf ;wpfa,mufonf rdr\ d tdro f o l uf xm;ZeD;r,m;tay:wGif opöm&Sdjcif;jzihfvnf;aumif;? ZeD;onfudk tdrfwGif;a&;&mudpörsm; pDrHuGyfuJ&ef vdktyfonhf tcGifhtmPmudk f nf;aumif;? olrESiafh vsmu f efxu dk w f efonhf vuf0wf ay;tyfjcif;jzihv &wem? tqifwefqmrsm;udk ay;tyfqifjref;apjcif;jzihfvnf;aumif;? rdrd\ZeD;r,m; tdrfoloufxm;tay: tNrJwap *kPfjyKcsD;ajr§mufí av;pm;cspfcif&rnfjzpfygonf/ vGecf ahJ om&mpkEpS af ygif;25- &mpkEpS af usmu f mvu rdeq Yf akd wmf rlcahJ om þMo0g'pum;onf ,aeYtxdwidk af tmif rSeu f efaeqJjzpfyg onf/ rde;f rom;rsm;xuf rdrw d u Ykd omvGeo f nf[í l xifjrif,q l wwf Muaom a,musfm;wdkY\pdwfoabmxm;udk od&Sdawmfrlonfjzpfí? jrwfpmG bk&m;onf cifyeG ;f onfvifa,musmf ;wpfO;D u rdr\ d ZeD;r,m;udk *kPjf yKcs;D ajrm§ ufí av;pm;cspcf if&rnf[k ½d;k ½d;k pif;pif; tBuaH y;vku d f jcif;jzihf trsKd ;orD;wd\ Yk tqiht f wef;udjk ri§ w fh ifí tHch s;D zG,af umif;avmuf aom tajymif;tvJukd jzpfay:apawmfrcl yhJ gonf/ cifyeG ;f onfwpfO;D u ol\ZeD;r,m;tay:wGif opöm&S&d rnf [laomtBujH yKcsuo f nf cifyeG ;f onfu ZeD;onftwGuf aqmif&u G pf &m xdrf;jrm;jcif;qdkif&m wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;udk jznhfqnf;í rysufruGuf qufvufxed ;f odr;f azmfaqmif&if;jzihf xdr;f jrm;vufxyfjcif;ESifh qufpyf vmaom ,HMk unfu;kd pm;rIukd tESpo f m&&S&d dS &Sio f efvef;qef;aeap&rnf [k qdv k akd yonf/ cifyeG ;f jzpfoo l nf 0ifaiG&&Sad tmif vkyu f ikd &f mS azG&rnfjzpfí tdrEf iS afh 0;&mt&yfoYkd rvGrJ a&SmifomxGucf mG oGm;&wwfonf/ odt Yk wGuf tdrrf u I pd w ö u Ykd kd ZeD;tm;aqmif&u G &f ef wm0efay;tyfc&hJ rnf/ ZeD;onfukd tdrfwGif;pD;yGm;a&;tkyfcsKyfpDrHoltjzpf rSwf,l&rnf/ ZeD;onftm; vuf0wf&wemtqifwefqmrsm; qifjref;ay;tyf &rnfqjkd cif;rSm? cspo f o l ufxm; ZeD;r,m;tay: &GmoGe;f NzKd ;onhf cifyeG ;f onf\ tMuifemarwåmESifh *½kwpdu k &f rdS I txdr;f trSwaf pwemrd;k rsm; om jzpfoihfayonf/ þodkYaom trSwfoauFw&SdonhftjyKtrludk vlom;wkjYd yKru l sio fh ;kH cJMh uonfrmS a&S;twDawya0PDumvrsm;uwnf;

MORAL AND ETHIC "r®0D&onf vlom;rsKd;EG,fquftwGuf jzpfonf/ u jzpfonf/ ZeD;onfu cifyeG ;f a,musmf ;\vdt k yfcsurf sm;udk rnforYkd nfykH jyKpkjznhfqnf;ay;&rnfqdkaomtcsufESihfpyfvsOf;í jrwfpGmbk&m;onf þodt Yk BuaH y;awmfro l nf/ ZeD;r,m;onf tdrw f iG ;f rIwm0efrsm;ukd vdrm® uRrf;usif&rnf/ cifyGef;onf\aqGrsdK;om;csif;rsm;ESihfrdwfaqGtaygif; toif;rsm;udk &if;ES;D ysLiSmpGm {nh0f wfausyeG af tmifqufq&H rnfjzpfonf/ rdr\ d cifyeG ;f tay:wGif opöm&S&d rnf/ cifyeG ;f &SmazG&&Sv d monhf ypön;f Opömwdu Yk kd xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smuf&rnf/ rdr\ d wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;tm;vH;k wGif uRr;f usiv f rd m® a&;csm;&Srd EI iS fh vHv Yk 0D&, d &Srd u I kd jyoEdik pf rG ;f &S&d rnf jzpfonf/ cifyeG ;f vifa,musmf ;wpfa,muf\ vdt k yfcsurf sm;udk jznhq f nf; ay;&eftwGuf ZeD;onfwpfO;D u aqmif&u G &f rnhf wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;udk axmuf½yI gu ZeD;r,m;wpfa,mufukd cifyeG ;f vifa,musmf ;wpfa,muf twGuf obm0vufaqmif (odrYk [kw)f trsKd ;orD;vufaqmiftjzpfrQ om oabmrxm;? rqufq&H aMumif; xif&mS ;apygonf/ aysm&f iT Mf unfE;l zG,af umif;aom aygif;oif;qufqaH &;wGif ZeD;onfukd tqiht f wef; wlno D nhf b0Muifazmftjzpf qufq&H rnfjzpfygonf/ ZeD;armifEEHS pS Of ;D pvH;k wdo Yk nf wpfO;D tay:wpfO;D ½d;k om;aom opöm&Srd ?I aysmah jymif;nif omEdkifrI? txl;*½kwpdkuf tav;rlonhf Muifem,k,rI? wlnDaom ,HkMunfrIo'¨gw&m;&Sdaompdwf"mwfjzihf MunfEl;zG,faumif;onhf aygif;oif;qufqHrIudk wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; tjyeftvSefjyKpkysdK;axmif pmrsufESm 29 rS aqmif&u G af y;cJo h nhf tbd"r®moifwef;wpfck taMumif; azmfjyvdyk gonf/ ajrmuf O uú v myNrKd U e,f r S rd r d \ "r®rw d af qGwpfO;D onf r,fvrkb&k m; tbd"r®m oifwef;rS tbd"r®m? #Dumausmf? 0dok'¨dr*f oif w ef ; wd k Y u k d wuf a &muf o if , l ajzqk d atmifjrifco hJ nf/ olonf xkrd Qjzihf &yfraebJ ykygÜ ; (2) rk;d ukw0f yd óem "r®&yd o f mESifh arSmb f D &Sd rk;d ukw0f yd óem "r®&yd o f mwdw Yk iG f pcef;0if w&m;tm;xkwfcJhygonf/ xkdtcg y&d,wåd tajccHr&Sad om rdwaf qGa,m*DtcsKUd ESifh awGUqkH cJ&h onf/ (ywfNy;D r,wfao;) olrsm;jzpf\/ xkdYaMumihf xkda,m*Drsm;twGuf tbd"r®m oifwef;zGiv fh pS &f ef pdwyf g0ifpm;ol "r® rdwaf qG rsm;ESifh wdik yf ifum (#)&yfuu G ?f £E´m (12)vrf; edAmÁ efqyd Of ;D "r®m½küH (4.6.2011) &ufaeYwiG f tbd"r®m oifwef;wpfck zGiv fh pS Ef idk cf yhJ gonf/ tqkyd g tbd"r®moifwef;jzpfajrmuf a&;twGuf vkt d yfonhf taxmuftulypön;f rsm;&&Sda&;? oifwef;q&m&&Sda&;wdkYtwGuf tbufbufrS ulnyD yhH ;dk ay;cJo h nhf jrwfr*Fvm tbd " r® m tzG J U ES i h f q&mawmf O D ; Mobmo? r,f v rk tbd " r® m oif w ef ; rS q&mBuD ; OD;ukdudkNrKdif (wuúodkvfoQifoD&d)? q&mrBuD;

azmfaqmifEdkifMu&rnfjzpfygonf/ ,aeYrsm;pGmaom tdraf xmifprk sm;onf ZeD;r,m;jzpfow l \ Ykd tdrw f iG ;f rIupd rö sm;pGmwdu Yk kd aumif;pGmrxde;f odr;f Edik rf ?I cifyeG ;f \aqGrsKd ; rdwaf qGtaygif;toif;rsm;tay:ü qufqaH &;rajyvnfr?I cifyeG ;f tay: opömrJrh ?I cifyeG ;f onf yifyifyef;yef;&SmazG&&Sx d m;aomaiGaMu;ypön;f Opöm wdu Yk kd vufvw G pf y,f ravsmrf uef oH;k jzKe;f rIwaYkd Mumihf tdraf xmifa&; z½dkz&JNydKuGJaeMuonfudk awGUjrifaeMu&onf/ odjYk zpfygaomaMumihf aysm&f iT Mf unfE;l zG,af umif;í vlu Y si0fh wf odu©mqkdif&m udk,fusihfw&m;ESihfjynhf0NyD;? nDñGwfrQwaom rdom;pk aygif;oif;qufqaH &;udk wefz;kd xm;jrwfE;kd Muaomvlwidk ;f onf cifyeG ;f onfvifa,musmf ;rsm;ESifh ZeD;r,m;rsm;tm; jrwfpmG bk&m;&Sif vrf;ñTef jyoqdq k ;kH rMo0g'ay;awmfrcl o hJ nhf tdraf xmifa&;usi0fh wfqidk &f m wm0ef 0wå&m;rsm;udk ½dkaoav;pm;pGm vufcHvkdufemusihfaqmif&rnfjzpfyg onf/ trSet f m;jzifh vGeaf vcJNh y;D aom ya0PDumvrsm;pGmu jrwfpmG bk&m;rdefYMum;awmfrlcJhonhf tqHk;trMo0g'rsm;teuf tcsdKUwdkYudk acwfopfvlYabmifvlYtzGJUtpnf;vlrIp½dkufESihfudkufnDatmif rGrf;rHEdkif Muyguvnf; aumif;rnfjzpfygaMumif; wifjytyfygonf/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) "r®0D&- oEÅmatmif tjynfjynfqdkif&max&0g' Ak'¨omoemjyKwuúodkvf &ef u k e f N rd K U/

a':oef;oef; (a&ToÍöm)ESifh oifwef;q&mrsm; £E´m (12)vrf; edAmÁ efqyd Of ;D "r®m½kH a*gyu tzGUJ ? oif w ef ; jzpf a jrmuf a &; rwnf t vS L &S i f w d k Y tm;vk H ; onf jrwf A k ' ¨ \ tqk H ; trtwd k i f ; oif w ef ; om; a,m*D o l a wmf a umif ; rsm;\ &ifwGif;ü "r®apwDrsm; wnfay;EkdifcJhjcif;yif jzpfygonf/ xkt d bd"r®moifwef; jzpfajrmufa&; twGuf tbufbufrS ulnDaqmif&Gufay;cJh Muonhf yk*K¾ v d rf sm;ukd trSjD yKí jrwfA'k ¨ a[m Mum;awmfrlcJhonhf tbd"r®mw&m;awmfrsm; avh v moif M um;cG i h f & &S d c J h M uonh f a,m*D ol a wmf a umif ; rsm;onf v nf ; ]]yk * ¾ a vmyd Oyedó, ypöa,e ypöa,m}} [lonhf bk&m; a[m y|mef;a'oemawmfEiS t fh nD ]]Oyedó,}} wnf;[laom tm;Bu;D aom trSaD umif;ukd &&Sd um þoHo&m0JMoCrS vGeaf jrmufEidk Mf urnf jzpfygonf/ þtbd " r® m oif w ef ; tygt0if oifwef;toD;oD;wGif oif,al eMuonhf olawmf aumif;taygif;wdo Yk nf ]]edó&Pw¦}} pmoif enf;jzihf oif,u l m qufvufusiBfh uyH mG ;rsm; tm;xkwfMurSomvQif Ak'¨\Mo0g'ESihftnD ]]oifro S ?d odru S si?fh usirfh &S }} qko d uJo h Ykd w&m; xl; w&m;jrwfrsm; &&Sdum avmuoHk;yg;rS vGwfajrmufEkdifMuvdrfhrnfjzpfygonf/ armif o d e f ; pk d ; (ausmuf y ef ; awmif ; )

&mpkopf\ pdeaf c:rIrsK;d pkuH dk Nidr;f csrf;aompdwf &J&ifhwnfMunfaom avmutjrifjzifh b0uk&d ifqidk vf suf atmifjrifpmG jzwfoef;Ekid Mf uzkYd "r®0D&*sme,f zwfMupkdU/

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Moral and Eithical Conduct of a Buddhist (3) Ak'b ¨ momwpfO;D \usi0fh wfou d m© qdik &f m ud, k u f siw hf &m; (3) By. Venerable Dr.K.Sri Dhammananda, JSM.,Ph.D, D.Litt. Translated into Myanmar by Dhamma V1ra Thandar Aung; International Therava-da Buddhist Missionary University, Yangon.

"r® 0 D & -oEÅ m atmif ( tjynf j ynf q k d i f & max&0g'wuú o d k v f )

The guidelines given by the Buddha to both husbands and wives, should be honoured and respected by all who treasure and value our happy and ethical family relationships.

aysmf&Tifcsrf;ajrUzG,faumif;í vlYusihf0wfodu©mqdkif&m udk,fusihfw&m;ESihfnDñGwfaom rdom;pkaygif;oif;qufqH a&;udk wefzdk;xm;jrwfEdk;Muaomvlwkdif;onf vifonfcifyGef;rsm;ESifh ZeD; r,m;rsm;tm; jrwfpGmbk&m;rdefYMum;awmfrlaom wm0ef0wå&m;rsm;twkdif; ½dkaoav;pm;pGm vkdufemusihfoHk;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/

Marriage

xdrf;jrm;vufxyfjcif;

A society grows through a network of relationships which are mutually inter- twined and interdependent. Every relationship is a whole hearted commitment to support and to protect others in a group or community. Marriage plays a very important part in this strong web of relationships of giving support and protection. A good marriage should grow and develop gradually from understanding and not impulse, from true loyalty and not just sheer indulgence. The institution of marriage provides a fine basis for the development of culture, a delightful association of two individuals to be nurtured, and to be free from loneliness, deprivation and fear. In marriage, each partner develops a complementary role, giving strength and moral courage to one another, each manifesting a supportive and appreciative recognition of the other's skills. There must be no thought of either man or woman being superior- each is complementry to the other, a partnership of equality, exuding gentleness, generosity, calm and dedication. The Buddha, in reply to a householder as to how a husband should minister to his wife, declared that the husband

vlYabmifvlYtzGJUtpnf;wpf&yfonf wpfOD;ESihfwpfOD; tjyef tvSef trSDo[JjyK,SufEG,fxm;onhf aygif;oif;qufqHa&;uGef,uf wpfct k aejzihf Bu;D xGm;zGUH NzKd ;&pNrjJ zpfygonf/ aygif;oif;,SuEf , G rf w I ikd ;f onf vlwpfpk odkYr[kwf vlYtzGJUtpnf;wpf&yfü vltrsm;wdkYtm; ;taxmuftyHjh yK&efEiS fh tumtuG,af y;&ef ud, k af &mpdwyf gaqmif&u G f Mu&onhf vlu Y si0fh wfwpf&yfjzpfonf/ xdr;f jrm;vufxyfjcif;onf þuJh od k Y a om taxmuf t yH a y;&ef E S i f h tumtuG , f a y;&ef w d k Y t wG u f azmfaqmif&onhf tckid t f rmqH;k aom aygif;oif;,SuEf , G rf u I eG , f ufwiG f ta&;tBu;D qH;k tcef;u@ü yg0ifvsu&f ydS gonf/ aumif;rGeaf om xdr;f jrm;vufxyfjcif;wpf&yfonf todÓPf uif;rJph mG pdwv f u dk rf mefygwaZmufuef;jyKvyk jf cif;rsKd ;r[kwrf yl ?J wpfO;D ESifh wpfO;D wpfro d m;ESiw fh pfro d m; em;vnfrt I ay:rlwnfívnf;aumif;? pdwt f vdo k v Ykd u dk yf gjcif;oufoufjzihrf [kwb f ?J rSeu f efaomopöm&Srd t I ay: rlwnfívnf;aumif;? arwåmESi, fh OS u f m wjznf;jznf;jcif; &Sio f efzUHG NzKd ; vmaomcspjf cif;w&m;\ oufaoom"uwpf&yfjzpfygonf/ vufxyf xdr;f jrm;jcif;qdik &f m todik ;f t0dik ;f vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;rsm;ESifh r*Fvmudpw ö o Ykd nf ,Ofaus;rIzUHG NzKd ;atmif? xdr;f jrm;vufxyfMurnho f El pS Of ;D wdYk aysm&f iT cf sr;f pmrsufESm 38 odkY